from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Optional


def find_role(roles: list[dict], name: str) -> Optional[dict]:
    """Look up a role by name. Returns None if not found."""
    return next((role for role in roles if role["name"] == name), None)


def has_direct_permission(role: dict, resource: str, action: str) -> bool:
    """Check if role has the permission directly without inheritance traversal."""
    return any(
        permission["resource"] == resource and permission["action"] == action
        for permission in role.get("permissions", [])
    )


def can_access(
    roles: list[dict],
    role_name: str,
    resource: str,
    action: str,
    depth: int = 5,
) -> bool:
    """Check if a role can access a resource/action pair using bounded inheritance."""
    if depth == 0:
        return False

    role = find_role(roles, role_name)
    if role is None:
        return False

    if has_direct_permission(role, resource, action):
        return True

    return any(
        can_access(roles, parent_name, resource, action, depth - 1)
        for parent_name in role.get("inherits", [])
    )


EXAMPLE_ROLES = [
    {
        "name": "viewer",
        "permissions": [{"resource": "reports", "action": "read"}],
        "inherits": [],
    },
    {
        "name": "editor",
        "permissions": [{"resource": "reports", "action": "write"}],
        "inherits": ["viewer"],
    },
    {
        "name": "admin",
        "permissions": [{"resource": "billing", "action": "write"}],
        "inherits": ["editor"],
    },
]