source_accuracy_report.jsonl

{"id": 1, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do conductive fillers such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon black modify the sensing and mechanical behavior of cement-based materials compared with silica-fume-enhanced concretes?", "expected_sources": ["S21", "S13", "S10"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S82", "S52", "S99", "S116", "S67", "S29", "S25", "S69", "S126", "S61", "S109", "S83", "S120", "S111"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 2, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What are the main conduction mechanisms and structural design principles behind self-sensing concrete, and how are these concepts complemented by nano- and micro-scale modifications such as silica fume and graphene additions?", "expected_sources": ["S21", "S13", "S10"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S76", "S92", "S22", "S79", "S124"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 3, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How does carbon-nanotube dispersion technique influence the electrical conductivity and strain-sensing performance of cement-based composites according to Konsta-Gdoutos et al. (2014), D\u00e2\u20ac\u2122Alessandro et al. (2021), and Lee et al. (2017)?", "expected_sources": ["S60", "S38", "S87"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S29", "S27", "S116"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 4, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What advantages do hybrid carbon-based fillers (CNTs + CNFs or CFs) provide over single-type fillers in cement-based self-sensing composites according to these studies?", "expected_sources": ["S60", "S38", "S87"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S29", "S79", "S125", "S9"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 5, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do graphite, few-layer graphene, and intrinsic graphene composites differ in achieving low percolation thresholds and high piezoresistive performance in cement-based sensors?", "expected_sources": ["S50", "S104", "S44"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S44", "S70", "S81", "S92", "S67", "S103", "S25"], "hits": ["S44"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 6, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What mechanisms contribute to the self-sensing and environmental stability of graphene-based cement composites compared to graphite-filled composites?", "expected_sources": ["S50", "S104", "S44"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S76", "S99", "S81", "S68", "S79"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 7, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do fabrication methods such as ultrasonication, surfactant-assisted dispersion, and surface coating influence the mechanical and electrical properties of smart cement composites containing graphene or graphite fillers?", "expected_sources": ["S50", "S104", "S44"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S82", "S44", "S104", "S81", "S61", "S22"], "hits": ["S104", "S44"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 8, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do multi-scale conductive fillers (e.g., steel fibers, carbon black, and MWCNTs) collectively enhance the self-sensing performance of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC)?", "expected_sources": ["S40", "S124", "S24"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S64", "S124", "S24"], "hits": ["S124", "S24"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 9, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What mechanisms explain the electromechanical coupling and strain sensitivity observed in self-sensing cementitious composites enhanced with carbon black and metallic fillers?", "expected_sources": ["S40", "S124", "S24"], "ai_cited_sources": [], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 10, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do dispersion and packing optimization techniques (e.g., ultrasonication, MAA packing model, and controlled filler ratios) influence both conductivity and mechanical integrity of self-sensing UHPC?", "expected_sources": ["S40", "S124", "S24"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S16", "S10", "S22", "S124", "S24237638"], "hits": ["S124"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 11, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do steel fibers and carbon-based fillers influence the strain-sensing and crack-monitoring behavior of smart concrete?", "expected_sources": ["2-s4-effect-of-steel-fiber-and-carbon-black-on-the-self-s_2019_construction-and-b.pdf", "S96", "S32"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S65", "S99", "S52", "S51", "S104", "S64", "S123", "S120", "S32", "S24"], "hits": ["S32"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 12, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What is the relationship between gauge factor, linearity, and fiber content in steel- or brass-fiber-reinforced smart concrete?", "expected_sources": ["2-s4-effect-of-steel-fiber-and-carbon-black-on-the-self-s_2019_construction-and-b.pdf", "S96", "S32"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S96", "S35", "S32"], "hits": ["S96", "S32"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 13, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do large-scale and cyclic loading tests verify the real-world applicability of self-sensing concrete?", "expected_sources": ["2-s4-effect-of-steel-fiber-and-carbon-black-on-the-self-s_2019_construction-and-b.pdf", "S96", "S32"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S35", "S64", "S111", "S24237638", "S9", "S16", "S17051064", "S94", "S40", "S85", "S121", "S23", "S32"], "hits": ["S32"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 14, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How does nanocarbon black or other conductive additives enhance strain-sensing performance in ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC)?", "expected_sources": ["S75", "S102", "S113"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S90", "S9", "S75", "S22", "S16"], "hits": ["S75"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 15, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What are the optimal dosages and curing conditions for achieving both mechanical strength and self-sensing in UHPC?", "expected_sources": ["S75", "S102", "S113"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S88", "S27", "S64", "S51", "S16"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 16, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do mechanical and electrical responses of self-sensing UHPC correlate under cyclic and monotonic loading?", "expected_sources": ["S75", "S102", "S113"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S34", "S78", "S51", "S40"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 17, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do ozone and silane surface treatments enhance the interfacial bonding and mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S12", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S129", "S8", "S128"], "hits": ["S128"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 18, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What microstructural and spectroscopic evidence confirms successful silane grafting and its effects on fiber thermal stability?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S12", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S50", "S127", "S129"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 19, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do surface functionalization strategies influence the strain-sensing behavior and durability of cementitious composites containing carbon or natural fibers?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S12", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": [], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 20, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do hierarchical CF\u00e2\u20ac\u201cCNT fillers, multiscale stainless-steel-wire/nanofiller systems, and CNT/NCB composite fillers collectively demonstrate the benefits of multiscale conductive networks for self-sensing cementitious composites?", "expected_sources": ["S82", "self?sensing cementitious composites with hierarchical carbon fiber?carbon nanotube composite fillers", "S79"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S82", "S99", "S22", "S69", "S126", "S79", "S125"], "hits": ["S82", "S79"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 21, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What do these studies reveal about the dominant piezoresistive mechanisms and their modeling in cement-based materials containing hybrid or hierarchical conductive fillers?", "expected_sources": ["S82", "self?sensing cementitious composites with hierarchical carbon fiber?carbon nanotube composite fillers", "S79"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S82", "S122", "S9", "S57", "S13", "S79"], "hits": ["S82", "S79"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 22, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What mix design and processing strategies are recommended by these three studies to obtain high-sensitivity, durable self-sensing composites suitable for structural health monitoring applications?", "expected_sources": ["S82", "self?sensing cementitious composites with hierarchical carbon fiber?carbon nanotube composite fillers", "S79"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S62", "S31", "S33"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 23, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do water ingress, moisture saturation, and elevated temperatures respectively affect the electrical resistivity and piezoresistive response of CNT- or MWCNT-based cementitious composites with or without graphite hybridization?", "expected_sources": ["S30", "S42", "S77"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S76", "S99", "S77", "S117", "S30"], "hits": ["S30", "S77"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 24, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What mechanisms explain the observed changes in gauge factor and linearity of the strain-sensing response under varying water content and temperature in these CNT/MWCNT-based smart composites?", "expected_sources": ["S30", "S42", "S77"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S108", "S67", "S201802", "S48", "S77", "S86"], "hits": ["S77"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 25, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "Based on these three studies, what mix design and operational strategies are recommended to achieve environmentally robust self-sensing cementitious composites for real structural health monitoring conditions?", "expected_sources": ["S30", "S42", "S77"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S122", "S53", "S7", "S66", "S64"], "hits": [], "hit_rate": "0/3", "score": 0.0}
{"id": 26, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How does the use of Pearson\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s correlation in graphite-based self-sensing cement composites complement traditional R\u00c2\u00b2-based evaluation, and how can this statistical approach be combined with microstructural design strategies such as excluded volume theory and electrostatic self-assembly to optimize sensing reliability?", "expected_sources": ["S118", "S20", "S107"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S118"], "hits": ["S118"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 27, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What roles do percolation threshold, filler dispersion, and the excluded volume effect play in controlling piezoresistive sensitivity and linearity in graphite- and CNT/TiO2-modified cementitious composites?", "expected_sources": ["S118", "S20", "S107"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S99", "S107", "S22", "S77", "S79", "S124"], "hits": ["S107"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 28, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How can insights from piezoresistive behavior in graphite/CNT-based composites and the piezopermittivity framework be integrated to design multi-modal self-sensing cementitious systems for structural health monitoring?", "expected_sources": ["S118", "S20", "S107"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S84", "S70", "S9", "S81", "S118", "S85"], "hits": ["S118"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 29, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do specimen size in SHPB tests, four-point probe geometry, and mortar thickness in capacitive sensing collectively influence the measured mechanical and electrical responses of cementitious or similar materials?", "expected_sources": ["S5", "S7", "S61"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S5", "S7", "S1"], "hits": ["S5", "S7"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 30, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What best-practice guidelines can be derived from these three papers for selecting specimen dimensions, probe configurations, and thickness when designing robust self-sensing or high-strain-rate test setups in cement-based materials?", "expected_sources": ["S5", "S7", "S61"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S1", "S99", "S5", "S25", "S35", "S72"], "hits": ["S5"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 31, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How can concepts from four-point probe correction factors and capacitive thickness dependence be integrated with SHPB size-effect findings to interpret or design electrical and mechanical sensing in structurally scaled concrete elements?", "expected_sources": ["S5", "S7", "S61"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S1", "S7", "S5", "S61", "S095006181732278"], "hits": ["S5", "S7", "S61"], "hit_rate": "3/3", "score": 1.0}
{"id": 32, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do graphite-based smart pavement composites, carbon-fiber-reinforced cement mortars, and electricity-based multifunctional concrete collectively demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of embedded self-sensing systems for traffic and impact monitoring?", "expected_sources": ["S47", "S55", "S22"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S81", "S67", "S22"], "hits": ["S22"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 33, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What measurement configurations and design choices (e.g., electrode layouts, sensing zone geometry, and filler type) are recommended across these studies to maximize the accuracy and robustness of electrical-resistance-based monitoring in real infrastructures?", "expected_sources": ["S47", "S55", "S22"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S55", "S24237638", "S62", "S22", "S121", "S77", "S16"], "hits": ["S55", "S22"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 34, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do these works together outline a roadmap from laboratory-scale sensing concepts to practical deployment of electricity-based multifunctional concrete in transportation and structural systems?", "expected_sources": ["S47", "S55", "S22"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S22"], "hits": ["S22"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 35, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How does ozone treatment modify carbon fiber surfaces and improve cement-matrix interaction?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S129", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S17", "S55", "S8", "S0008", "S128"], "hits": ["S17", "S128"], "hit_rate": "2/3", "score": 0.6667}
{"id": 36, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What are the comparative effects of silane-treated versus ozone-treated carbon fibers on the mechanical performance of cement pastes?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S129", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S8", "S128"], "hits": ["S128"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 37, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How does silane treatment alter the microstructure and durability of natural fibers such as sisal and bagasse used in cementitious composites?", "expected_sources": ["S12", "S127", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S8", "S1", "S0008", "S127", "S2", "S50"], "hits": ["S127"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 38, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "How do silane coupling agents affect the mechanical performance and interfacial microstructure of UHPFRC containing steel fibers?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S128", "S129"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S129"], "hits": ["S129"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 39, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "What role does silane chemistry and concentration play in determining the efficiency of surface modification for bagasse fibers?", "expected_sources": ["S12", "S127", "S128"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S50", "S2", "S1", "S127"], "hits": ["S127"], "hit_rate": "1/3", "score": 0.3333}
{"id": 40, "model_used": "openai/gpt-oss-120b", "billing": "HF Credits ($57 Lab)", "question": "Across carbon, steel, and natural fibers, what common mechanisms explain how silane or ozone treatments improve composite strength and self-sensing potential?", "expected_sources": ["S17", "S127", "S129", "S128", "S12"], "ai_cited_sources": ["S55", "S8", "S0008", "S129", "S124"], "hits": ["S129"], "hit_rate": "1/5", "score": 0.2}