import albumentations as A
import cv2
import math
import random
import numpy as np


# Inlined from albumentations internals (removed in albumentations>=1.4)
def safe_rotate_enlarged_img_size(angle, rows, cols):
    """Calculate the size of an image after rotation without cropping."""
    deg_angle = abs(angle)
    rad_angle = math.radians(deg_angle)
    new_rows = int(math.ceil(rows * math.cos(rad_angle) + cols * math.sin(rad_angle)))
    new_cols = int(math.ceil(cols * math.cos(rad_angle) + rows * math.sin(rad_angle)))
    return new_rows, new_cols


def _maybe_process_in_chunks(process_fn, **kwargs):
    """Wrap a processing function to handle multi-channel images by processing in chunks."""
    def wrapper(img):
        if img.ndim == 2 or (img.ndim == 3 and img.shape[2] <= 4):
            return process_fn(img, **kwargs)
        # Process in chunks for images with many channels
        result = np.empty_like(img)
        for i in range(0, img.shape[2], 4):
            end = min(i + 4, img.shape[2])
            result[:, :, i:end] = process_fn(img[:, :, i:end], **kwargs)
        return result
    return wrapper


def keypoint_rotate(keypoint, angle, rows, cols):
    """Rotate a keypoint by angle degrees around the center of the image."""
    x, y, a, s = keypoint
    center = (cols / 2, rows / 2)
    matrix = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(center, angle, 1.0)
    x_new = matrix[0, 0] * x + matrix[0, 1] * y + matrix[0, 2]
    y_new = matrix[1, 0] * x + matrix[1, 1] * y + matrix[1, 2]
    return (x_new, y_new, a, s)


def safe_rotate(
    img: np.ndarray,
    angle: int = 0,
    interpolation: int = cv2.INTER_LINEAR,
    value: int = None,
    border_mode: int = cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101,
):

    old_rows, old_cols = img.shape[:2]

    # getRotationMatrix2D needs coordinates in reverse order (width, height) compared to shape
    image_center = (old_cols / 2, old_rows / 2)

    # Rows and columns of the rotated image (not cropped)
    new_rows, new_cols = safe_rotate_enlarged_img_size(angle=angle, rows=old_rows, cols=old_cols)

    # Rotation Matrix
    rotation_mat = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(image_center, angle, 1.0)

    # Shift the image to create padding
    rotation_mat[0, 2] += new_cols / 2 - image_center[0]
    rotation_mat[1, 2] += new_rows / 2 - image_center[1]

    # CV2 Transformation function
    warp_affine_fn = _maybe_process_in_chunks(
        cv2.warpAffine,
        M=rotation_mat,
        dsize=(new_cols, new_rows),
        flags=interpolation,
        borderMode=border_mode,
        borderValue=value,
    )

    # rotate image with the new bounds
    rotated_img = warp_affine_fn(img)

    return rotated_img


def keypoint_safe_rotate(keypoint, angle, rows, cols):
    old_rows = rows
    old_cols = cols

    # Rows and columns of the rotated image (not cropped)
    new_rows, new_cols = safe_rotate_enlarged_img_size(angle=angle, rows=old_rows, cols=old_cols)

    col_diff = (new_cols - old_cols) / 2
    row_diff = (new_rows - old_rows) / 2

    # Shift keypoint
    shifted_keypoint = (int(keypoint[0] + col_diff), int(keypoint[1] + row_diff), keypoint[2], keypoint[3])

    # Rotate keypoint
    rotated_keypoint = keypoint_rotate(shifted_keypoint, angle, rows=new_rows, cols=new_cols)

    return rotated_keypoint


class SafeRotate(A.SafeRotate):

    def __init__(
        self,
        limit=90,
        interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR,
        border_mode=cv2.BORDER_REFLECT_101,
        value=None,
        mask_value=None,
        always_apply=False,
        p=0.5,
    ):
        super(SafeRotate, self).__init__(
            limit=limit,
            interpolation=interpolation,
            border_mode=border_mode,
            value=value,
            mask_value=mask_value,
            always_apply=always_apply,
            p=p)

    def apply(self, img, angle=0, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR, **params):
        return safe_rotate(
            img=img, value=self.value, angle=angle, interpolation=interpolation, border_mode=self.border_mode)

    def apply_to_keypoint(self, keypoint, angle=0, **params):
        return keypoint_safe_rotate(keypoint, angle=angle, rows=params["rows"], cols=params["cols"])


class CropWhite(A.DualTransform):

    def __init__(self, value=(255, 255, 255), pad=0, p=1.0):
        super(CropWhite, self).__init__(p=p)
        self.value = value
        self.pad = pad
        assert pad >= 0

    def update_params(self, params, **kwargs):
        super().update_params(params, **kwargs)
        assert "image" in kwargs
        img = kwargs["image"]
        height, width, _ = img.shape
        x = (img != self.value).sum(axis=2)
        if x.sum() == 0:
            return params
        row_sum = x.sum(axis=1)
        top = 0
        while row_sum[top] == 0 and top+1 < height:
            top += 1
        bottom = height
        while row_sum[bottom-1] == 0 and bottom-1 > top:
            bottom -= 1
        col_sum = x.sum(axis=0)
        left = 0
        while col_sum[left] == 0 and left+1 < width:
            left += 1
        right = width
        while col_sum[right-1] == 0 and right-1 > left:
            right -= 1
        params.update({"crop_top": top, "crop_bottom": height - bottom,
                       "crop_left": left, "crop_right": width - right})
        return params

    def apply(self, img, crop_top=0, crop_bottom=0, crop_left=0, crop_right=0, **params):
        height, width, _ = img.shape
        img = img[crop_top:height - crop_bottom, crop_left:width - crop_right]
        img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(
            img, self.pad, self.pad, self.pad, self.pad,
            borderType=cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=self.value)
        return img

    def apply_to_keypoint(self, keypoint, crop_top=0, crop_bottom=0, crop_left=0, crop_right=0, **params):
        x, y, angle, scale = keypoint[:4]
        return x - crop_left + self.pad, y - crop_top + self.pad, angle, scale

    def get_transform_init_args_names(self):
        return ('value', 'pad')


class PadWhite(A.DualTransform):

    def __init__(self, pad_ratio=0.2, p=0.5, value=(255, 255, 255)):
        super(PadWhite, self).__init__(p=p)
        self.pad_ratio = pad_ratio
        self.value = value

    def update_params(self, params, **kwargs):
        super().update_params(params, **kwargs)
        assert "image" in kwargs
        img = kwargs["image"]
        height, width, _ = img.shape
        side = random.randrange(4)
        if side == 0:
            params['pad_top'] = int(height * self.pad_ratio * random.random())
        elif side == 1:
            params['pad_bottom'] = int(height * self.pad_ratio * random.random())
        elif side == 2:
            params['pad_left'] = int(width * self.pad_ratio * random.random())
        elif side == 3:
            params['pad_right'] = int(width * self.pad_ratio * random.random())
        return params

    def apply(self, img, pad_top=0, pad_bottom=0, pad_left=0, pad_right=0, **params):
        height, width, _ = img.shape
        img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(
            img, pad_top, pad_bottom, pad_left, pad_right,
            borderType=cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=self.value)
        return img

    def apply_to_keypoint(self, keypoint, pad_top=0, pad_bottom=0, pad_left=0, pad_right=0, **params):
        x, y, angle, scale = keypoint[:4]
        return x + pad_left, y + pad_top, angle, scale

    def get_transform_init_args_names(self):
        return ('value', 'pad_ratio')


class SaltAndPepperNoise(A.DualTransform):

    def __init__(self, num_dots, value=(0, 0, 0), p=0.5):
        super().__init__(p)
        self.num_dots = num_dots
        self.value = value

    def apply(self, img, **params):
        height, width, _ = img.shape
        num_dots = random.randrange(self.num_dots + 1)
        for i in range(num_dots):
            x = random.randrange(height)
            y = random.randrange(width)
            img[x, y] = self.value
        return img

    def apply_to_keypoint(self, keypoint, **params):
        return keypoint

    def get_transform_init_args_names(self):
        return ('value', 'num_dots')

class ResizePad(A.DualTransform):
    """Resize and pad image to target dimensions. Uses cv2 directly."""

    def __init__(self, height, width, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR, value=(255, 255, 255)):
        super(ResizePad, self).__init__(always_apply=True)
        self.height = height
        self.width = width
        self.interpolation = interpolation
        self.value = value

    def apply(self, img, interpolation=cv2.INTER_LINEAR, **params):
        h, w, _ = img.shape
        new_h = min(h, self.height)
        new_w = min(w, self.width)
        img = cv2.resize(img, (new_w, new_h), interpolation=interpolation)
        h, w, _ = img.shape
        pad_top = (self.height - h) // 2
        pad_bottom = (self.height - h) - pad_top
        pad_left = (self.width - w) // 2
        pad_right = (self.width - w) - pad_left
        img = cv2.copyMakeBorder(
            img, pad_top, pad_bottom, pad_left, pad_right,
            borderType=cv2.BORDER_CONSTANT, value=self.value)
        return img


# NormalizedGridDistortion removed — only used during training, not inference