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import logging
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any, List
import threading
import re

import numpy as np
import chromadb
from rank_bm25 import BM25Okapi

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class VectorStoreManager:
    _instance = None
    _lock = threading.Lock()
    _initialized = False

    def __new__(cls):
        with cls._lock:
            if cls._instance is None:
                cls._instance = super().__new__(cls)
        return cls._instance

    def __init__(self):
        with self._lock:
            if not self._initialized:
                self._initialize()
                VectorStoreManager._initialized = True

    def _initialize(self):
        """Initialize vector store with single collection + BM25 index"""
        try:
            logger.info("Initializing vector store components...")

            self.client = None
            self.collection = None

            db_path = "output/chromadb"  # Match your pipeline path
            self.client = chromadb.PersistentClient(path=db_path)
            logger.info(f"ChromaDB client initialized at path: {db_path}")

            available_collections = [col.name for col in self.client.list_collections()]
            logger.info(f"Available collections: {available_collections}")

            try:
                self.collection = self.client.get_collection("rag_documents")
                collection_count = self.collection.count()
                logger.info(
                    f"Collection 'rag_documents' loaded with {collection_count} documents"
                )
            except Exception as e:
                logger.error(f"Collection 'rag_documents' not found: {str(e)}")
                raise ValueError(
                    "Required collection 'rag_documents' not found. "
                    f"Available: {available_collections}"
                )

            # ---- Build BM25 index from all stored docs ----
            logger.info("Building BM25 index from Chroma collection...")
            data = self.collection.get(include=["documents", "metadatas"])


            self.all_ids: List[str] = data["ids"]
            self.all_docs: List[str] = data["documents"]
            self.all_metas: List[Dict[str, Any]] = data["metadatas"]

            self.tokenized_corpus = [self._tokenize(d) for d in self.all_docs]
            self.bm25 = BM25Okapi(self.tokenized_corpus)

            logger.info(f"BM25 index ready with {len(self.all_docs)} chunks")
            logger.info("Vector store initialized successfully")

        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"Failed to initialize vector store: {str(e)}")
            VectorStoreManager._initialized = False
            raise

    # ----------------- Helpers -----------------
    def _tokenize(self, text: str) -> List[str]:
        return re.findall(r"\w+", (text or "").lower())

    def _matches_filters(
        self,
        meta: Dict[str, Any],
        doc_text: str,
        where_filters: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
        where_document: Optional[Dict[str, Any]],
    ) -> bool:
        if where_filters:
            for k, v in where_filters.items():
                if meta.get(k) != v:
                    return False

        if where_document:
            # you only use {"$contains": "..."}
            contains = where_document.get("$contains")
            if contains and contains.lower() not in (doc_text or "").lower():
                return False

        return True

    def _rrf_fuse(
        self,
        dense_ranked: List[Dict[str, Any]],
        sparse_ranked: List[Dict[str, Any]],
        k: int = 60,
        w_dense: float = 0.6,
        w_sparse: float = 0.4,
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """
        Reciprocal Rank Fusion
        score = w_dense/(k+rank_dense) + w_sparse/(k+rank_sparse)
        """
        scores: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]] = {}

        for rank, item in enumerate(dense_ranked):
            doc_id = item["id"]
            scores.setdefault(doc_id, {"score": 0.0, "item": item})
            scores[doc_id]["score"] += w_dense / (k + rank + 1)

        for rank, item in enumerate(sparse_ranked):
            doc_id = item["id"]
            scores.setdefault(doc_id, {"score": 0.0, "item": item})
            scores[doc_id]["score"] += w_sparse / (k + rank + 1)

        fused = sorted(scores.values(), key=lambda x: x["score"], reverse=True)
        return [x["item"] for x in fused]

    # ----------------- Main retrieval -----------------
    def retrieve_documents(
        self,
        question: str,
        n_results: int = 5,
        where_filters: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        where_document: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
        enable_bm25: bool = False,
        bm25_k: Optional[int] = None,
        alpha: float = 0.6,   # dense weight in hybrid fusion
    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
        """
        Retrieve documents using:
        - semantic-only (Chroma)
        - or hybrid semantic + BM25 (RRF fusion)

        Returns a list of dicts:
        {id, text, metadata, distance, bm25_score(optional)}
        """
        if not self._initialized or self.collection is None:
            raise RuntimeError("VectorStoreManager not properly initialized")

        logger.info(f"Retrieving documents for query: {question[:50]}...")
        dense_k = n_results
        bm25_k = bm25_k or n_results

        # ----- Dense retrieval (semantic via Chroma) -----
        try:
            dense_res = self.collection.query(
                query_texts=[question],
                n_results=dense_k,
                include=["documents", "metadatas", "distances"],
                where=where_filters if where_filters else None,
                where_document=where_document if where_document else None,
            )
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"Dense retrieval failed: {str(e)}")
            raise

        dense_ranked: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
        if dense_res and dense_res.get("documents") and dense_res["documents"][0]:
            for i in range(len(dense_res["documents"][0])):
                meta = dense_res["metadatas"][0][i]
                dense_ranked.append({
                    "id": dense_res["ids"][0][i],
                    "text": dense_res["documents"][0][i],
                    "metadata": meta,
                    "distance": float(dense_res["distances"][0][i]),
                    "source": meta.get("source", "Unknown"),
                })

        if not enable_bm25:
            logger.info(f"Semantic-only retrieved {len(dense_ranked)} docs")
            return dense_ranked

        # ----- Sparse retrieval (BM25) -----
        q_tokens = self._tokenize(question)
        scores = self.bm25.get_scores(q_tokens)

        # Apply same filters to BM25 corpus
        valid_indices = []
        for idx, (doc, meta) in enumerate(zip(self.all_docs, self.all_metas)):
            if self._matches_filters(meta, doc, where_filters, where_document):
                valid_indices.append(idx)

        # take top bm25_k from valid indices
        valid_scores = [(idx, scores[idx]) for idx in valid_indices]
        valid_scores.sort(key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
        top_sparse = valid_scores[:bm25_k]

        sparse_ranked: List[Dict[str, Any]] = []
        for idx, s in top_sparse:
            meta = self.all_metas[idx]
            sparse_ranked.append({
                "id": self.all_ids[idx],
                "text": self.all_docs[idx],
                "metadata": meta,
                "bm25_score": float(s),
                "distance": None,  # may be absent if not in dense top-k
                "source": meta.get("source", "Unknown"),
            })

        # ----- Fuse dense + sparse -----
        fused = self._rrf_fuse(
            dense_ranked,
            sparse_ranked,
            w_dense=alpha,
            w_sparse=1.0 - alpha,
        )

        logger.info(
            f"Hybrid retrieved dense={len(dense_ranked)} sparse={len(sparse_ranked)} "
            f"fused={len(fused)}"
        )
        return fused


def get_vector_store() -> VectorStoreManager:
    """FastAPI dependency for injecting VectorStoreManager"""
    return VectorStoreManager()