Dockerfile

# Use a base Ubuntu image
FROM ubuntu:20.04

# Set environment variables to prevent interactive prompts during installation
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# Phase 1: Install core dependencies for adding repositories and a base desktop
RUN rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
    apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
    apt-transport-https \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    software-properties-common \
    wget \
    ca-certificates \
    dbus-x11 \
    xfce4 \
    tigervnc-standalone-server \
    tigervnc-common \
    sudo \
    dos2unix && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Phase 2: Add all external repositories
RUN \
    # Add Brave Browser repository
    curl -fsSLo /usr/share/keyrings/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg && \
    echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/brave-browser-archive-keyring.gpg] https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com/ stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/brave-browser-release.list && \
    \
    # Add VS Code repository
    wget -qO- https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | gpg --dearmor > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/packages.microsoft.gpg && \
    echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/vscode stable main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list

# Phase 3: Update and install all remaining applications
RUN apt-get update && \
    apt-get install -y \
    brave-browser \
    code \
    docker.io \
    tor \
    qterminal \
    git \
    wget \
    htop \
    curl \
    novnc \
    websockify \
    netcat-openbsd \
    iputils-ping \
    net-tools \
    dnsutils && \
    # Set Brave as the default browser
    update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/x-www-browser x-www-browser /usr/bin/brave-browser 200 && \
    rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Create a directory for our web app, COPY all noVNC files,
# and rename the main file to index.html.
# This is all done as root.
RUN mkdir -p /opt/novnc && \
    cp -r /usr/share/novnc/* /opt/novnc/ && \
    mv /opt/novnc/vnc.html /opt/novnc/index.html

# Create a non-root user to run the application
RUN useradd -m -s /bin/bash user

# Add the user to the sudo group
RUN adduser user sudo

# Switch to the non-root user
USER user
WORKDIR /home/user

# Copy the startup scripts using --chown to set correct permissions immediately
COPY --chown=user:user run.sh .
COPY --chown=user:user xstartup .

# Make the scripts executable AND convert line endings to Unix format
RUN chmod +x run.sh xstartup && \
    dos2unix run.sh xstartup

# Set up the .vnc directory and move the xstartup script into it
RUN mkdir -p .vnc && \
    mv xstartup .vnc/ && \
    echo "password" | \
    vncpasswd -f > .vnc/passwd && \
    chmod 600 .vnc/passwd

# Expose the port that Hugging Face Spaces uses for applications
EXPOSE 7860

# Command to run when the container starts
CMD ["./run.sh"]