import streamlit as st
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import plotly.subplots as sp
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots
from math import pi, radians, degrees
import time

# Set page configuration
st.set_page_config(
    page_title="Trigonometry Basics Explorer",
    page_icon="📐",
    layout="wide"
)

def safe_division(numerator, denominator, undefined_value=float('inf')):
    """Safely handle division by zero for trigonometric functions."""
    return numerator / denominator if abs(denominator) > 1e-10 else undefined_value

def calculate_trig_functions(angle_rad):
    """Calculate all six trigonometric functions for a given angle in radians."""
    sin_val = np.sin(angle_rad)
    cos_val = np.cos(angle_rad)
    
    # Primary functions
    sine = sin_val
    cosine = cos_val
    tangent = safe_division(sin_val, cos_val)
    
    # Reciprocal functions
    cosecant = safe_division(1, sin_val)
    secant = safe_division(1, cos_val)
    cotangent = safe_division(cos_val, sin_val)
    
    return {
        'sin': sine,
        'cos': cosine,
        'tan': tangent,
        'csc': cosecant,
        'sec': secant,
        'cot': cotangent
    }

@st.cache_data
def create_animated_unit_circle(angle_degrees, show_special_angles=True):
    """Create unit circle with Plotly - optimized version."""
    
    # Convert angle to radians
    angle_rad = radians(angle_degrees)
    x_point = np.cos(angle_rad)
    y_point = np.sin(angle_rad)
    
    # Create figure with minimal traces
    fig = go.Figure()
    
    # Single trace for unit circle
    theta = np.linspace(0, 2*pi, 100)
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=np.cos(theta), 
        y=np.sin(theta),
        mode='lines',
        line=dict(color='blue', width=2),
        name='Unit Circle',
        hoverinfo='skip'
    ))
    
    # Enhanced special angles display with radians
    if show_special_angles:
        # Major special angles with their radian equivalents
        special_angles_data = [
            (0, "0°\n(0)"),
            (30, "30°\n(π/6)"),
            (45, "45°\n(π/4)"),
            (60, "60°\n(π/3)"),
            (90, "90°\n(π/2)"),
            (120, "120°\n(2π/3)"),
            (135, "135°\n(3π/4)"),
            (150, "150°\n(5π/6)"),
            (180, "180°\n(π)"),
            (210, "210°\n(7π/6)"),
            (225, "225°\n(5π/4)"),
            (240, "240°\n(4π/3)"),
            (270, "270°\n(3π/2)"),
            (300, "300°\n(5π/3)"),
            (315, "315°\n(7π/4)"),
            (330, "330°\n(11π/6)")
        ]
        
        special_x = [np.cos(radians(angle)) for angle, _ in special_angles_data]
        special_y = [np.sin(radians(angle)) for angle, _ in special_angles_data]
        special_labels = [label for _, label in special_angles_data]
        
        # Single trace for all special points with degree and radian labels
        fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
            x=special_x, 
            y=special_y,
            mode='markers+text',
            marker=dict(size=6, color='gray', opacity=0.8),
            text=special_labels,
            textposition="top center",
            textfont=dict(size=7),
            showlegend=False,
            name='Special Angles',
            hovertemplate='%{text}<extra></extra>'
        ))
    
    # Add arc to show the angle sweep from x-axis to current position
    if angle_degrees > 0:
        # Create arc from 0 to current angle
        arc_angles = np.linspace(0, angle_rad, max(10, int(angle_degrees/10)))
        arc_radius = 0.3  # Smaller radius for the arc
        arc_x = arc_radius * np.cos(arc_angles)
        arc_y = arc_radius * np.sin(arc_angles)
        
        fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
            x=arc_x,
            y=arc_y,
            mode='lines',
            line=dict(color='orange', width=3),
            name=f'Angle Arc ({angle_degrees}°)',
            showlegend=False,
            hoverinfo='skip'
        ))
        
        # Add arrow at the end of the arc to show direction
        if len(arc_x) > 1:
            # Arrow direction
            dx = arc_x[-1] - arc_x[-2]
            dy = arc_y[-1] - arc_y[-2]
            fig.add_annotation(
                x=arc_x[-1],
                y=arc_y[-1],
                ax=arc_x[-1] - dx*5,
                ay=arc_y[-1] - dy*5,
                xref="x",
                yref="y",
                axref="x",
                ayref="y",
                arrowhead=2,
                arrowsize=1.5,
                arrowwidth=2,
                arrowcolor="orange",
                showarrow=True
            )
    
    # Current point
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=[x_point], y=[y_point],
        mode='markers',
        marker=dict(size=10, color='red'),
        name=f'Point at {angle_degrees}°',
        hovertemplate=f'({x_point:.3f}, {y_point:.3f})<extra></extra>'
    ))
    
    # Radius line
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=[0, x_point], y=[0, y_point],
        mode='lines',
        line=dict(color='red', width=3),
        name=f'Radius',
        showlegend=False,
        hoverinfo='skip'
    ))
    
    # Coordinate lines
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=[x_point, x_point, None, 0, x_point], 
        y=[0, y_point, None, 0, 0],
        mode='lines',
        line=dict(color='green', width=2, dash='dash'),
        name=f'sin={y_point:.3f}, cos={x_point:.3f}',
        hoverinfo='skip'
    ))
    
    # Optimized layout
    fig.update_layout(
        title=f'Unit Circle at {angle_degrees}° ({angle_rad:.3f} rad)',
        xaxis=dict(
            range=[-1.2, 1.2],
            scaleanchor="y",
            scaleratio=1,
            showgrid=True,
            zeroline=True
        ),
        yaxis=dict(
            range=[-1.2, 1.2],
            showgrid=True,
            zeroline=True
        ),
        showlegend=True,
        width=600,
        height=600,
        margin=dict(l=50, r=50, t=50, b=50)
    )
    
    return fig

@st.cache_data
def create_enhanced_function_plots(angle_min, angle_max, selected_functions_str, current_angle=None, show_special_angles=True):
    """Optimized function plots with single subplot per function."""
    
    selected_functions = selected_functions_str.split(',') if selected_functions_str else []
    if not selected_functions:
        return None
    
    # Use fewer points for better performance
    angle_range = np.linspace(angle_min, angle_max, 500)  # Reduced from 1000
    angle_rad = np.radians(angle_range)
    
    # Simple subplot layout
    num_functions = len(selected_functions)
    cols = min(2, num_functions)
    rows = (num_functions + cols - 1) // cols
    
    fig = make_subplots(
        rows=rows, cols=cols,
        subplot_titles=[f'{func.capitalize()} Function' for func in selected_functions]
    )
    
    functions = {
        'sin': {'func': np.sin, 'color': 'blue'},
        'cos': {'func': np.cos, 'color': 'red'},
        'tan': {'func': lambda x: np.clip(np.tan(x), -10, 10), 'color': 'green'},  # Clip for performance
        'csc': {'func': lambda x: np.clip(1/np.sin(np.where(np.abs(np.sin(x)) > 0.01, x, np.nan)), -10, 10), 'color': 'purple'},
        'sec': {'func': lambda x: np.clip(1/np.cos(np.where(np.abs(np.cos(x)) > 0.01, x, np.nan)), -10, 10), 'color': 'orange'},
        'cot': {'func': lambda x: np.clip(1/np.tan(np.where(np.abs(np.tan(x)) > 0.01, x, np.nan)), -10, 10), 'color': 'brown'}
    }
    
    for idx, func_name in enumerate(selected_functions):
        row = idx // cols + 1
        col = idx % cols + 1
        
        if func_name in functions:
            func_info = functions[func_name]
            y_values = func_info['func'](angle_rad)
            
            # Main function plot
            fig.add_trace(
                go.Scatter(
                    x=angle_range,
                    y=y_values,
                    mode='lines',
                    line=dict(color=func_info['color'], width=2),
                    name=func_name,
                    showlegend=False
                ),
                row=row, col=col
            )
            
            # Current angle marker (if provided)
            if current_angle is not None and angle_min <= current_angle <= angle_max:
                current_y = func_info['func'](radians(current_angle))
                fig.add_trace(
                    go.Scatter(
                        x=[current_angle],
                        y=[current_y],
                        mode='markers',
                        marker=dict(size=8, color='red'),
                        showlegend=False
                    ),
                    row=row, col=col
                )
    
    # Simplified layout
    fig.update_layout(
        height=300 * rows,  # Smaller height
        showlegend=False,
        margin=dict(l=50, r=50, t=50, b=50)
    )
    
    return fig

def create_comparison_table(angle_degrees):
    """Create an enhanced comparison table with more information."""
    trig_values = calculate_trig_functions(radians(angle_degrees))
    
    # Determine quadrant
    quadrant = ""
    if 0 <= angle_degrees < 90:
        quadrant = "I"
    elif 90 <= angle_degrees < 180:
        quadrant = "II"
    elif 180 <= angle_degrees < 270:
        quadrant = "III"
    else:
        quadrant = "IV"
    
    # Create enhanced dataframe
    values_df = pd.DataFrame({
        'Function': ['sin(θ)', 'cos(θ)', 'tan(θ)', 'csc(θ)', 'sec(θ)', 'cot(θ)'],
        'Value': [
            f"{trig_values['sin']:.4f}",
            f"{trig_values['cos']:.4f}",
            f"{trig_values['tan']:.4f}" if abs(trig_values['tan']) < 1000 else "undefined",
            f"{trig_values['csc']:.4f}" if abs(trig_values['csc']) < 1000 else "undefined",
            f"{trig_values['sec']:.4f}" if abs(trig_values['sec']) < 1000 else "undefined",
            f"{trig_values['cot']:.4f}" if abs(trig_values['cot']) < 1000 else "undefined"
        ],
        'Sign': [
            "+" if trig_values['sin'] >= 0 else "-",
            "+" if trig_values['cos'] >= 0 else "-",
            "+" if abs(trig_values['tan']) < 1000 and trig_values['tan'] >= 0 else "-" if abs(trig_values['tan']) < 1000 else "N/A",
            "+" if abs(trig_values['csc']) < 1000 and trig_values['csc'] >= 0 else "-" if abs(trig_values['csc']) < 1000 else "N/A",
            "+" if abs(trig_values['sec']) < 1000 and trig_values['sec'] >= 0 else "-" if abs(trig_values['sec']) < 1000 else "N/A",
            "+" if abs(trig_values['cot']) < 1000 and trig_values['cot'] >= 0 else "-" if abs(trig_values['cot']) < 1000 else "N/A"
        ],
        'Definition': [
            'y-coordinate / opposite',
            'x-coordinate / adjacent',
            'sin(θ)/cos(θ) = opp/adj',
            '1/sin(θ) = hyp/opp',
            '1/cos(θ) = hyp/adj',
            'cos(θ)/sin(θ) = adj/opp'
        ]
    })
    
    return values_df, quadrant

def main():
    st.title("📐 Trigonometry Basics Explorer")
    st.markdown("### Learn the Six Basic Trigonometric Functions Interactively!")
    
    # Stable tip selection using session state
    if 'current_tip' not in st.session_state:
        tips = [
            "💡 **Tip**: Remember SOHCAHTOA - Sine=Opposite/Hypotenuse, Cosine=Adjacent/Hypotenuse, Tangent=Opposite/Adjacent",
            "🎯 **Did you know?**: The word 'sine' comes from the Latin word 'sinus' meaning 'bay' or 'fold'",
            "🔄 **Pattern**: Notice how sine and cosine are just shifted versions of each other!",
            "📊 **Memory trick**: In Quadrant I, all functions are positive. Use 'All Students Take Calculus' for Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4",
            "🌊 **Cool fact**: Trigonometric functions model waves, from sound waves to ocean tides!"
        ]
        st.session_state.current_tip = np.random.choice(tips)
    
    # Add a button to change tip if desired
    col_tip, col_button = st.columns([4, 1])
    with col_tip:
        st.info(st.session_state.current_tip)
    with col_button:
        if st.button("💡 New Tip", key="new_tip_button"):
            tips = [
                "💡 **Tip**: Remember SOHCAHTOA - Sine=Opposite/Hypotenuse, Cosine=Adjacent/Hypotenuse, Tangent=Opposite/Adjacent",
                "🎯 **Did you know?**: The word 'sine' comes from the Latin word 'sinus' meaning 'bay' or 'fold'",
                "🔄 **Pattern**: Notice how sine and cosine are just shifted versions of each other!",
                "📊 **Memory trick**: In Quadrant I, all functions are positive. Use 'All Students Take Calculus' for Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4",
                "🌊 **Cool fact**: Trigonometric functions model waves, from sound waves to ocean tides!"
            ]
            st.session_state.current_tip = np.random.choice(tips)
            st.rerun()
    
    # Sidebar controls
    st.sidebar.header("🎛️ Controls")
    
    # Enhanced function selection with unique keys
    st.sidebar.subheader("📊 Function Plots")
    col1, col2 = st.sidebar.columns(2)
    with col1:
        show_primary = st.checkbox("Primary Functions", value=True, key="show_primary_funcs")
    with col2:
        show_reciprocal = st.checkbox("Reciprocal Functions", value=False, key="show_reciprocal_funcs")
    
    selected_functions = []
    if show_primary:
        selected_functions.extend(['sin', 'cos', 'tan'])
    if show_reciprocal:
        selected_functions.extend(['csc', 'sec', 'cot'])
    
    # Plot options with unique keys
    plot_range = st.sidebar.slider("Plot range (degrees)", 180, 720, 360, 90, key="plot_range_slider")
    show_special_angles = st.sidebar.checkbox("Show special angle markers", value=True, key="show_special_angles_cb")

    # Enhanced angle input with unique keys
    angle_input_method = st.sidebar.radio(
        "Choose angle input method:",
        ["Slider", "Text Input", "Common Angles"],
        key="angle_input_method_radio"
    )

    # Settings with unique keys
    st.sidebar.subheader("🔧 Settings")
    angle_unit = st.sidebar.radio("Angle Units:", ["Degrees", "Radians"], key="angle_unit_radio")
    
    # Modify angle input methods to support both units with unique keys
    if angle_input_method == "Slider":
        if angle_unit == "Degrees":
            angle = st.sidebar.slider("Angle (degrees)", 0, 360, 45, 5, key="angle_degrees_slider")
        else:
            angle_rad = st.sidebar.slider("Angle (radians)", 0.0, 2*pi, pi/4, 0.1, key="angle_radians_slider")
            angle = degrees(angle_rad)
    
    elif angle_input_method == "Text Input":
        if angle_unit == "Degrees":
            angle = st.sidebar.number_input("Angle (degrees)", value=45.0, step=1.0, min_value=0.0, max_value=360.0, key="angle_degrees_input")
        else:
            angle_rad = st.sidebar.number_input("Angle (radians)", value=pi/4, step=0.1, min_value=0.0, max_value=2*pi, key="angle_radians_input")
            angle = degrees(angle_rad)

    else:  # Common Angles
        common_angles = {
            "0°": 0, "30°": 30, "45°": 45, "60°": 60, "90°": 90,
            "120°": 120, "135°": 135, "150°": 150, "180°": 180,
            "210°": 210, "225°": 225, "240°": 240, "270°": 270,
            "300°": 300, "315°": 315, "330°": 330, "360°": 360
        }
        selected_angle = st.sidebar.selectbox("Select common angle:", list(common_angles.keys()), key="common_angles_selectbox")
        angle = common_angles[selected_angle]
    
    # Main content area - optimized
    col1, col2 = st.columns([1, 1])
    
    with col1:
        st.subheader("🔄 Enhanced Unit Circle")
        # Fixed parameter name
        fig_circle = create_animated_unit_circle(angle, show_special_angles)
        st.plotly_chart(fig_circle, use_container_width=True, config={'displayModeBar': False})
        
        # Enhanced values table
        values_df, quadrant = create_comparison_table(angle)
        st.subheader(f"📊 Function Values (Quadrant {quadrant})")
        st.dataframe(values_df, use_container_width=True)
        st.info(f"**Angle {angle}° is in Quadrant {quadrant}**")
    
    with col2:
        if selected_functions:
            st.subheader("📈 Enhanced Function Graphs")
            # Convert list to string for caching
            selected_functions_str = ','.join(selected_functions)
            fig_functions = create_enhanced_function_plots(
                -plot_range//2, plot_range//2, 
                selected_functions_str, 
                angle, 
                show_special_angles
            )
            if fig_functions:
                st.plotly_chart(fig_functions, use_container_width=True, config={'displayModeBar': False})
        else:
            st.info("Select function types from the sidebar to see their graphs.")
            
        # Simplified calculator
        st.subheader("🧮 Quick Calculator")
        calc_angle = st.number_input("Calculate for angle:", value=float(angle), step=1.0, key="calc_angle_input")
        if st.button("Calculate", key="calc_button"):
            calc_values = calculate_trig_functions(radians(calc_angle))
            
            col_calc1, col_calc2 = st.columns(2)
            with col_calc1:
                st.metric("sin", f"{calc_values['sin']:.4f}")
                st.metric("cos", f"{calc_values['cos']:.4f}")
                st.metric("tan", f"{calc_values['tan']:.4f}" if abs(calc_values['tan']) < 1000 else "undefined")
            with col_calc2:
                st.metric("csc", f"{calc_values['csc']:.4f}" if abs(calc_values['csc']) < 1000 else "undefined")
                st.metric("sec", f"{calc_values['sec']:.4f}" if abs(calc_values['sec']) < 1000 else "undefined")
                st.metric("cot", f"{calc_values['cot']:.4f}" if abs(calc_values['cot']) < 1000 else "undefined")
    
    # Educational content (unchanged)
    st.markdown("---")
    st.subheader("📚 Understanding Trigonometric Functions")
    
    tab1, tab2, tab3, tab4, tab5 = st.tabs(["Definitions", "Relationships", "Key Angles", "Patterns", "Applications"])
    
    with tab1:
        st.markdown("""
        **Primary Functions:**
        - **Sine (sin)**: The y-coordinate of a point on the unit circle
        - **Cosine (cos)**: The x-coordinate of a point on the unit circle  
        - **Tangent (tan)**: The ratio sin/cos, representing the slope of the radius line
        
        **Reciprocal Functions:**
        - **Cosecant (csc)**: 1/sin, reciprocal of sine
        - **Secant (sec)**: 1/cos, reciprocal of cosine
        - **Cotangent (cot)**: 1/tan or cos/sin, reciprocal of tangent
        """)
    
    with tab2:
        st.markdown("""
        **Fundamental Identity:**
        - sin²(θ) + cos²(θ) = 1
        
        **Quotient Identities:**
        - tan(θ) = sin(θ)/cos(θ)
        - cot(θ) = cos(θ)/sin(θ)
        
        **Reciprocal Identities:**
        - csc(θ) = 1/sin(θ)
        - sec(θ) = 1/cos(θ)
        - cot(θ) = 1/tan(θ)
        """)
    
    with tab3:
        key_angles_df = pd.DataFrame({
            'Angle': ['0°', '30°', '45°', '60°', '90°', '120°', '135°', '150°', '180°', '270°', '360°'],
            'sin': ['0', '1/2', '√2/2', '√3/2', '1', '√3/2', '√2/2', '1/2', '0', '-1', '0'],
            'cos': ['1', '√3/2', '√2/2', '1/2', '0', '-1/2', '-√2/2', '-√3/2', '-1', '0', '1'],
            'tan': ['0', '√3/3', '1', '√3', 'undefined', '-√3', '-1', '-√3/3', '0', 'undefined', '0']
        })
        st.dataframe(key_angles_df, use_container_width=True)
        
        st.subheader("Radian Equivalents")
        radian_df = pd.DataFrame({
            'Degrees': ['0°', '30°', '45°', '60°', '90°', '180°', '270°', '360°'],
            'Radians': ['0', 'π/6', 'π/4', 'π/3', 'π/2', 'π', '3π/2', '2π'],
            'Decimal': ['0', '0.524', '0.785', '1.047', '1.571', '3.142', '4.712', '6.283']
        })
        st.dataframe(radian_df, use_container_width=True)
    
    with tab4:
        st.markdown("""
        **Sign Patterns by Quadrant:**
        - **Quadrant I (0° to 90°)**: All functions positive
        - **Quadrant II (90° to 180°)**: Only sine positive
        - **Quadrant III (180° to 270°)**: Only tangent positive  
        - **Quadrant IV (270° to 360°)**: Only cosine positive
        
        **Remember**: "All Students Take Calculus" (All, Sin, Tan, Cos)
        """)
    
    with tab5:
        st.markdown("""
        **Real-world Applications:**
        - **Physics**: Wave motion, oscillations, circular motion
        - **Engineering**: Signal processing, electrical circuits
        - **Navigation**: GPS systems, celestial navigation
        - **Computer Graphics**: Rotations, animations
        - **Music**: Sound waves, harmonics
        - **Architecture**: Designing arches and domes
        """)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()