"""
Core exceptions — standard error hierarchy for all apps.

All app-level exceptions should inherit from AppError.
"""


class AppError(Exception):
    """Base exception for all application errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "An application error occurred.", code: str = "APP_ERROR"):
        self.message = message
        self.code = code
        super().__init__(self.message)


class AuthenticationError(AppError):
    """Authentication-related errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Authentication failed."):
        super().__init__(message, code="AUTH_ERROR")


class AuthorizationError(AppError):
    """Authorization/permission errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Permission denied."):
        super().__init__(message, code="AUTHZ_ERROR")


class ValidationError(AppError):
    """Business-rule validation errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Validation failed."):
        super().__init__(message, code="VALIDATION_ERROR")


class NotFoundError(AppError):
    """Resource not found errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Resource not found."):
        super().__init__(message, code="NOT_FOUND")


class RateLimitError(AppError):
    """Rate limiting errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Too many requests. Please try again later."):
        super().__init__(message, code="RATE_LIMIT")


class EncryptionError(AppError):
    """Encryption/decryption errors."""

    def __init__(self, message: str = "Encryption operation failed."):
        super().__init__(message, code="ENCRYPTION_ERROR")