Add Stripe connector: POST /v1/connect/stripe — paste read-only key, auto-score customers from billing data 687722a verified Shaankar39 commited on May 31
Remove debug instrumentation; restore clean health route 0489e1c verified Shaankar39 commited on May 31
Add temporary /v1/_debug/echo-proxy diagnostic (fingerprints proxy secret) bed30ac verified Shaankar39 commited on May 31
Unify health routes: /, /_health, /v1/health all return uptime 8c62537 verified Shaankar39 commited on May 31