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README.md
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**Abstract:** *The remarkable efficacy of text-to-image diffusion models has motivated extensive exploration of their potential application in video domains.
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Zero-shot methods seek to extend image diffusion models to videos without necessitating model training.
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Recent methods mainly focus on incorporating inter-frame correspondence into attention mechanisms. However, the soft constraint imposed on determining where to attend to valid features can sometimes be insufficient, resulting in temporal inconsistency.
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In this paper, we introduce FRESCO, intra-frame correspondence alongside inter-frame correspondence to establish a more robust spatial-temporal constraint. This enhancement ensures a more consistent transformation of semantically similar content across frames. Beyond mere attention guidance, our approach involves an explicit update of features to achieve high spatial-temporal consistency with the input video, significantly improving the visual coherence of the resulting translated videos.
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Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed framework in producing high-quality, coherent videos, marking a notable improvement over existing zero-shot methods.*
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**Features**:<br>
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- **Temporal consistency**: use intra-and inter-frame constraint with better consistency and coverage than optical flow alone.
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- Compared with our previous work [Rerender-A-Video](https://github.com/williamyang1991/Rerender_A_Video), FRESCO is more robust to large and quick motion.
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- **Zero-shot**: no training or fine-tuning required.
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- **Flexibility**: compatible with off-the-shelf models (e.g., [ControlNet](https://github.com/lllyasviel/ControlNet), [LoRA](https://civitai.com/)) for customized translation.
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https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/aad358af-4d27-4f18-b069-89a1abd94d38
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## Updates
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- [03/2023] Paper is released.
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- [03/2023] Code is released.
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- [03/2024] This website is created.
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### TODO
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- [ ] Integrate into Diffusers
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- [ ] Add Huggingface web demo
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- [x] ~~Add webUI.~~
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- [x] ~~Update readme~~
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- [x] ~~Upload paper to arXiv, release related material~~
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## Installation
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1. Clone the repository.
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```shell
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git clone https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO.git
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cd FRESCO
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```
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2. You can simply set up the environment with pip based on [requirements.txt](https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/blob/main/requirements.txt)
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- Create a conda environment and install torch >= 2.0.0. Here is an example script to install torch 2.0.0 + CUDA 11.8 :
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```
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conda create --name diffusers python==3.8.5
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conda activate diffusers
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pip install torch==2.0.0 torchvision==0.15.1 --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cu118
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```
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- Run `pip install -r requirements.txt` in an environment where torch is installed.
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- We have tested on torch 2.0.0/2.1.0 and diffusers 0.19.3
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- If you use new versions of diffusers, you need to modify [my_forward()](https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/blob/fb991262615665de88f7a8f2cc903d9539e1b234/src/diffusion_hacked.py#L496)
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3. Run the installation script. The required models will be downloaded in `./model`, `./src/ControlNet/annotator` and `./src/ebsynth/deps/ebsynth/bin`.
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- Requires access to huggingface.co
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```shell
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python install.py
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```
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4. You can run the demo with `run_fresco.py`
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```shell
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python run_fresco.py ./config/config_music.yaml
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```
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5. For issues with Ebsynth, please refer to [issues](https://github.com/williamyang1991/Rerender_A_Video#issues)
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## (1) Inference
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### WebUI (recommended)
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```
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python webUI.py
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```
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The Gradio app also allows you to flexibly change the inference options. Just try it for more details.
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Upload your video, input the prompt, select the model and seed, and hit:
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- **Run Key Frames**: detect keyframes, translate all keyframes.
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- **Run Propagation**: propagate the keyframes to other frames for full video translation
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- **Run All**: **Run Key Frames** and **Run Propagation**
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Select the model:
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- **Base model**: base Stable Diffusion model (SD 1.5)
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- Stable Diffusion 1.5: official model
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- [rev-Animated](https://huggingface.co/stablediffusionapi/rev-animated): a semi-realistic (2.5D) model
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- [realistic-Vision](https://huggingface.co/SG161222/Realistic_Vision_V2.0): a photo-realistic model
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- [flat2d-animerge](https://huggingface.co/stablediffusionapi/flat-2d-animerge): a cartoon model
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- You can add other models on huggingface.co by modifying this [line](https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/blob/1afcca9c7b1bc1ac68254f900be9bd768fbb6988/webUI.py#L362)
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We provide abundant advanced options to play with
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</details>
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<details id="option1">
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<summary> <b>Advanced options for single frame processing</b></summary>
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1. **Frame resolution**: resize the short side of the video to 512.
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2. ControlNet related:
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- **ControlNet strength**: how well the output matches the input control edges
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- **Control type**: HED edge, Canny edge, Depth map
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- **Canny low/high threshold**: low values for more edge details
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3. SDEdit related:
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- **Denoising strength**: repaint degree (low value to make the output look more like the original video)
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- **Preserve color**: preserve the color of the original video
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4. SD related:
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- **Steps**: denoising step
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- **CFG scale**: how well the output matches the prompt
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- **Added prompt/Negative prompt**: supplementary prompts
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5. FreeU related:
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- **FreeU first/second-stage backbone factor**: =1 do nothing; >1 enhance output color and details
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- **FreeU first/second-stage skip factor**: =1 do nothing; <1 enhance output color and details
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</details>
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<details id="option2">
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<summary> <b>Advanced options for FRESCO constraints</b></summary>
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1. Keyframe related
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- **Number of frames**: Total frames to be translated
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- **Number of frames in a batch**: To avoid out-of-memory, use small batch size
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- **Min keyframe interval (s_min)**: The keyframes will be detected at least every s_min frames
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- **Max keyframe interval (s_max)**: The keyframes will be detected at most every s_max frames
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2. FRESCO constraints
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- FRESCO-guided Attention:
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- **spatial-guided attention**: Check to enable spatial-guided attention
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- **cross-frame attention**: Check to enable efficient cross-frame attention
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- **temporal-guided attention**: Check to enable temporal-guided attention
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- FRESCO-guided optimization:
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- **spatial-guided optimization**: Check to enable spatial-guided optimization
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- **temporal-guided optimization**: Check to enable temporal-guided optimization
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3. **Background smoothing**: Check to enable background smoothing (best for static background)
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</details>
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<details id="option3">
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<summary> <b>Advanced options for the full video translation</b></summary>
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1. **Gradient blending**: apply Poisson Blending to reduce ghosting artifacts. May slow the process and increase flickers.
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2. **Number of parallel processes**: multiprocessing to speed up the process. Large value (4) is recommended.
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</details>
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### Command Line
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We provide a flexible script `run_fresco.py` to run our method.
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Set the options via a config file. For example,
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```shell
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python run_fresco.py ./config/config_music.yaml
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```
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We provide some examples of the config in `config` directory.
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Most options in the config is the same as those in WebUI.
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Please check the explanations in the WebUI section.
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We provide a separate Ebsynth python script `video_blend.py` with the temporal blending algorithm introduced in
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[Stylizing Video by Example](https://dcgi.fel.cvut.cz/home/sykorad/ebsynth.html) for interpolating style between key frames.
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It can work on your own stylized key frames independently of our FRESCO algorithm.
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For the details, please refer to our previous work [Rerender-A-Video](https://github.com/williamyang1991/Rerender_A_Video/tree/main?tab=readme-ov-file#our-ebsynth-implementation)
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## (2) Results
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### Key frame translation
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<table class="center">
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<tr>
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<td><img src="https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/e8d5776a-37c5-49ae-8ab4-15669df6f572" raw=true></td>
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<td><img src="https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/8a792af6-555c-4e82-ac1e-5c2e1ee35fdb" raw=true></td>
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<td><img src="https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/10f9a964-85ac-4433-84c5-1611a6c2c434" raw=true></td>
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<td><img src="https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/0ec0fbf9-90dd-4d8b-964d-945b5f6687c2" raw=true></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width=26.5% align="center">a red car turns in the winter</td>
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<td width=26.5% align="center">an African American boxer wearing black boxing gloves punches towards the camera, cartoon style</td>
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<td width=26.5% align="center">a cartoon spiderman in black suit, black shoes and white gloves is dancing</td>
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<td width=20.5% align="center">a beautiful woman holding her glasses in CG style</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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### Full video translation
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https://github.com/williamyang1991/FRESCO/assets/18130694/bf8bfb82-5cb7-4b2f-8169-cf8dbf408b54
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## Citation
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If you find this work useful for your research, please consider citing our paper:
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```bibtex
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@inproceedings{yang2024fresco,
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title = {FRESCO: Spatial-Temporal Correspondence for Zero-Shot Video Translation},
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author = {Yang, Shuai and Zhou, Yifan and Liu, Ziwei and and Loy, Chen Change},
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booktitle = {CVPR},
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year = {2024},
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}
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```
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## Acknowledgments
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The code is mainly developed based on [Rerender-A-Video](https://github.com/williamyang1991/Rerender_A_Video), [ControlNet](https://github.com/lllyasviel/ControlNet), [Stable Diffusion](https://github.com/Stability-AI/stablediffusion), [GMFlow](https://github.com/haofeixu/gmflow) and [Ebsynth](https://github.com/jamriska/ebsynth).
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title: FRESCO
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emoji: ⚡
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colorFrom: green
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colorTo: indigo
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sdk: gradio
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sdk_version: 3.44.4
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app_file: app.py
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pinned: false
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