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DATASET-IRT.csv

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+42.,"Remia v Sub-Inspector of Police, Tanur, 1993 Cr LJ 1098 (Ker). The court referred to State of"
+(14),An employee of a Co-operative Society which is controlled or aided by the
+"","government, is a public servant covered under section 2(c) of the IPC Act"
+"",198878. as also the manager for the commission of offence under section 409
+"","of the IPC, 186079."
+(15),"Secretary, Health Supervisor of Municipality80."
+(16),Drug Inspector81.
+(17),Any surveyor while performing his legitimate function under any of the Revenue
+296.,"SEBI v Ajay Agarwal, AIR 2010 SC 3466 [LNIND 2010 SC 203] : (2010) 3 SCC 765 [LNIND"
+"90.  Dilip S Dahanukar v Kotak Mahindra Co Ltd, ((2007) 6 SCC 528 [LNIND 2007 SC 451] 65) See"
+"also Alister Anthony Pareira v State of Maharashtra, 2012 Cr LJ 1160 : (2012) 2 SCC 648 [LNIND"
+2012 SC 15] : (2012) 1 SCC (Cr) 953 : AIR 2012 SC 3802 [LNIND 2012 SC 15] .
+"91.  State Tr PS Lodhi Colony New Delhi v Sanjeev Nanda, (2012) 8 SCC 450 [LNIND 2012 SC 459]"
+: 2012 Cr LJ 4174 : AIR 2012 SC 3104 [LNIND 2012 SC 459] .
+"92.  Akhil Kumar v State of MP, 1992 Cr LJ 2029 (MP)."
+"93.  Madhukar Chandar v State of Maharashtra, 1993 Cr LJ 3281 (Bom)."
+"94.  Joshi v State of Kerala, 1996 Cr LJ 143 (Ker)."
+"95.  Sarup Singh v State of Haryana, AIR 1995 SC 2452 : 1995 Cr LJ 4168 ."
+"96.  Raja Ram v State of Rajasthan, 1993 Cr LJ 1016 (Raj)."
+"97.  Lal Diwan v State of UP, 1995 Cr LJ 3899 (All)."
+"98.  Umesh Singh v State of Bihar, AIR 2000 SC 2111 [LNIND 2000 SC 871] : 2000 Cr LJ 6167 ."
+"99.  Shankar v State of TN, (1994) 4 SCC 478 [LNIND 1994 SC 377] : 1994 Cr LJ 3071 ."
+"100.  Sharomani Akali Dal (Mann) v State of JK, 1993 Cr LJ 927 (J&K)."
+"101.  Bhimabhai Kalabhai v State of Gujarat, 1992 Cr LJ 2585 (Guj)."
+"102.  Arjunan v State, 1993 Cr LJ 3113 (Mad)."
+"103.  Madhukar Damu Patil v State of Maharashtra, 1996 Cr LJ 1062 (Bom)."
+"104.  Jaivir Singh v State of UP, 1996 Cr LJ 1494 (All)."
+"105.  Dedekula Khabala Saheb v State of AP, 1996 Cr LJ 2196 (AP)."
+"106.  Gochipathula Samudralu v State of AP, 1992 Cr LJ 2488 (AP)."
+"107.  State of Rajasthan v Mohan Lal, AIR 2018 SC 3564 ."
+"108.  Jagat Bahadur v State of HP, 1994 Cr LJ 3396 (HP)."
+"109.  Paniben v State of Gujarat, AIR 1992 SC 1817 [LNIND 1992 SC 248] : 1992 Cr LJ 2919 ."
+"110.  Venkappa K Chowdari v State of Karnataka, 1996 Cr LJ 15 (Kant)."
+"111.  Jodha Khoda Rabari v State of Gujarat, 1992 Cr LJ 3298 (Guj)."
+"112.  State of Rajasthan v Mohan Lal, AIR 2018 SC 3564 ."
+"113.  Jameel v State of UP, 2010 Cr LJ 2106 : (2010) 12 SCC 532 [LNIND 2009 SC 1960] : AIR"
+"228.  Mahendrabhai v State of Gujarat, AIR 2012 SC 2844 [LNIND 2012 SC 1473] : (2012) 7 SCC"
+621 [LNIND 2012 SC 1473] : 2012 Cr LJ 2432 .
+"229.  Satnam Singh Puransing Gill v State of Maharashtra, 2009 Cr LJ 3781 ."
+"230.  Banwarilal Jhunjhunwala v UOI, AIR 1963 SC 1620 [LNIND 1962 SC 382] : 1963 (Supp2)"
+SCR 338 : 1963 Cr LJ 529 .
+"231.  Nirichan, 12 M. 36; Kalidas, 38 C 453 : Wazir, 10A 58."
+"232.  Poovappa, 1981 Cr LJ NOC 107 (Kant)."
+"233.  Re Thangavelu, 1972 Cr LJ 390 (Mad)."
+"234.  Udai Bhan, 1962 (2) Cr LJ 251 : AIR 1962 SC 1116 [LNIND 1962 SC 37] ; see also Ramanaya"
+35.,"Bailey v Bailey, (1800) Russ & Ry 1; C & J cases, see also State of Maharashtra v MH George,"
+55.,"Raja Ram, 1977 Cr LJ NOC 85 (All); see also Khora Ghasi, 1978 Cr LJ 1305 (Ori) under"
+(c),"A, a surgeon, sees a child suffer an accident which is likely to prove fatal"
+"",unless an operation be immediately performed. There is no time to apply to
+"",the child's guardian. A performs the operation in spite of the entreaties of
+"","the child, intending, in good faith, the child's benefit. A has committed no"
+"",offence.
+(d),"A is in a house which is on fire, with Z, a child. People below hold out a"
+250.,"Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland v Lynch, (1975) 1 All ER 913 -Per House"
+"424.  Maguni Charan Pradhan v State of Orissa, (1991) 71 Cut LT 710 : (1991) 3 SCC 352 [LNIND"
+1991 SC 191] : 1991 SCC (Cr) 580 : 1991 Cr LR (SC) 463 .
+"425.  Ritaram Besra v State of Bihar, (2007) 15 SCC 383 ."
+"426.  Gokool Bowree, (1866) 5 WR (Cr) 33."
+"427.  John Scutty v State, (1824) 1 C & P 319."
+"428.  Ram Prasad Mahton, (1919) 4 PLJ 289 , 20 Cr LJ 375."
+"429.  Jai Dev, (1963) 1 Cr LJ 495 : AIR 1963 SC 612 [LNIND 1962 SC 249] ; Amjad Khan, 1952 Cr"
+(b),"A, with the intention of murdering Z, instigates B, a child under seven years of"
+"","age, to do an act which causes Z's death. B, in consequence of the abetment,"
+"",does the act in the absence of A and thereby causes Z's death. Here though B
+"","was not capable by law of committing an offence, A is liable to be punished in"
+"","the same manner as if B had been capable by law of committing an offence, and"
+"","had committed murder, and he is therefore subject to the punishment of death."
+(c),"A instigates B to set fire to a dwelling-house. B, in consequence of the"
+"","unsoundness of his mind, being incapable of knowing the nature of the act, or"
+"","that he is doing what is wrong or contrary to law, sets fire to the house in"
+"","consequence of A's instigation. B has committed no offence, but A is guilty of"
+"","abetting the offence of setting fire to a dwelling-house, and is liable to the"
+"",punishment provided for that offence.
+(d),"A, intending to cause a theft to be committed, instigates B to take property"
+(a),"A offers a bribe to B, a public servant, as a reward for showing A some"
+"",favour in the exercise of B's official functions. B refuses to accept the bribe.
+"",A is punishable under this section.
+(b),"A instigates B to give false evidence. Here, if B does not give false evidence,"
+"","A has nevertheless committed the offence defined in this section, and is"
+"",punishable accordingly.
+(c),"A, a police-officer, whose duty it is to prevent robbery, abets the commission"
+"","of robbery. Here, though the robbery be not committed, A is liable to one-"
+"","half of the longest term of imprisonment provided for that offence, and also"
+"",to fine.
+(d),"B abets the commission of a robbery by A, a police-officer, whose duty it is"
+3.,Conspiracy is hatched in private or in secrecy. It is rarely possible to establish a
+"","conspiracy by direct evidence. Usually, both the existence of the conspiracy and"
+"",its objects have to be inferred from the circumstances and the conduct of the
+"",accused.
+4.,"Conspirators may, for example, be enrolled in chain A enrolling B, B enrolling C,"
+international,sense,does,not,fit,into,the,ambit,and,reach,of,section,121.,In,the
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+(3) Joining or continuing in an unlawful assembly knowing it has been commanded
+to disperse (section 145).
+(4) Hiring of persons to join an unlawful assembly (section 150).
+(5) Harbouring persons hired for an unlawful assembly (section 157).
+(6) Being hired to take part in an unlawful assembly (section 158).
+"Rioting (sections 146, 147)."
+(1) Rioting with deadly weapon (section 148).
+(2) Assaulting or obstructing a public servant in the suppression of a riot (section
+152).
+(3) Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot (section 153).
+(4) Liability of the owner or occupier of land on which an unlawful assembly is held
+or a riot is committed (section 154).
+(5) Liability of the person for whose benefit a riot is committed (section 155).
+(6) Liability of the agent of owner or occupier for whose benefit a riot is committed
+105.,"State of UP v Suresh Chandra Srivastava, AIR 1984 SC 1108 [LNIND 1984 SC 575] : 1984 Cr"
+"76.  State of Karnataka v Hemareddy, 1981 Cr LJ 1019 : AIR 1981 SC 1417 [LNIND 1981 SC 44] :"
+(1981) 2 SCC 185 [LNIND 1981 SC 44] .
+"77.  Afzal v State of Haryana, AIR 1996 SC 2326 [LNIND 1996 SC 130] : 1996 Cr LJ 1679 ."
+"78.  NSR Krishna Prasad v Directorate of Enforcement LBK Market, 1992 Cr LJ 1888 (AP). See"
+"section 132, The Indian Evidence Act, 1972."
+"79.  Iqbal Singh Marwah v Meenakshi Marwah, (2005) 4 SCC 370 [LNIND 2005 SC 261] : AIR 2005"
+SC 2119 [LNIND 2005 SC 261] .
+"80.  Sushanta Sarkar v State of Nagaland, 2012 Cr LJ 4467 (Gau)."
+"81.  Iqbal Singh Narang v Veeran Narang, AIR 2012 SC 466 [LNIND 2011 SC 1189] : (2012) 2 SCC"
+60 [LNIND 2011 SC 1189] ;2012 AIR (SCW) 730 : (2012) 1 SCC (Cr) 740.
+"82.  Jagdish Prasad Singhal v State of Rajasthan, 1994 Cr LJ 759 (Raj)."
+"83.  Randhir Singh v State of Haryana, AIR 2000 SC 544 [LNIND 2000 SC 27] : 2000 Cr LJ 755 ."
+"Another ruling to the same effect, MS Ahlawat v State of Haryana, AIR 2000 SC 168 [LNIND 1999"
+"SC 1395] : (2000) Cr LJ 388 ; Mohammed Zahid v Govt. of NCT of Delhi, 1998 Cr LJ 2908 : AIR"
+1998 SC 2023 [LNIND 1998 SC 557] .
+"84.  Advocate General,Karnataka v Chidambara, 2004 Cr LJ 493 (Kant)."
+"85.  R Rathinam v Kamla Vaiduriam, 1993 Cr LJ 2661 (Mad)."
+"86.  Rajkumar Dhanuji Bombarde v Madhukar Wankhede, 2008 Cr LJ 661 (Bom)."
+"87.  Court on Its Own Motion v State of Punjab, 2012 Cr LJ 2240 (PH)."
+"88.  State of MP v Badri Yadav, 2006 Cr LJ 2128 : AIR 2006 SC 1769 [LNIND 2006 SC 229] :"
+(5),that when he gave such information he knew or believed it to be false.195.
+"235.  Nota Ram, (1941) 23 Lah 675. See Muthra v Roora, (1870) PR No. 16 of 1870; Todur Mal v"
+"Mussammat Bholi, (1882) PR No. 14 of 1882."
+"236.  Gopal Dhanuk, (1881) 7 Cal 96 ."
+"237.  Albert, AIR 1966 Kerala 11 [LNIND 1965 KER 172] (FB)."
+"238.  Rajkumar Malpani v Akella Sreenivasa Rao, 2011 Cr LJ 2997 (AP)."
+"239.  Jijibhai Govind, (1896) 22 Bom. 596; Karim Buksh, (1888) 17 Cal 574 , FB; Parahu, (1883) 5"
+"All 598 ; Nanjunda Rau, (1896) 20 Mad 79; Mst Binia, (1937) Nag 338; Albert, AIR 1966 Kerala 11"
+[LNIND 1965 KER 172] (FB).
+"240.  Karim Buksh, supra."
+"241.  Rayan Kutti, (1903) 26 Mad 640, 643; Nihala, (1872) PR No. 14 of 1872."
+"242.  Jamoona, (1881) 6 Cal 620 ; Sivan Chetti, (1909) 32 Mad 258, overruling Ramana Gowd,"
+"(1908) 31 Mad 506; Mathura Prasad, (1917) 39 All 715 ."
+"243.  Bhawani Sahai, (1932) 13 Lah 568."
+"244.  Abdul Hakim Khan Chaudhuri, (1931) 59 Cal 334 ."
+"245.  Abdul Hasan, (1877) 1 All 497 ; Chenna Malli Gowda, (1903) 27 Mad 129."
+"246.  Parmeshwar Lal, (1925) 4 Pat 472."
+"247.  Dasarathi Mondal v Hari Das, AIR 1959 Cal 293 [LNIND 1959 CAL 1] . On appeal sub. nom."
+(7),Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a stamp or removing from a
+(7),Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a stamp or removing from a
+(7),Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a stamp or removing from a
+(7),Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a stamp or removing from a
+(7),Effacing any writing from a substance bearing a stamp or removing from a
+10.,"Negligence in respect of poison (section 284), fire (section 285) or explosive"
+"",substances (section 286).
+11.,"Negligence in respect of machinery (section 287), building (section 288) or"
+"",animals (section 289).
+12.,"Selling obscene literature and pictures (sections 292, 293) or doing obscene"
+10.,"Negligence in respect of poison (section 284), fire (section 285) or explosive"
+"",substances (section 286).
+11.,"Negligence in respect of machinery (section 287), building (section 288) or"
+"",animals (section 289).
+12.,"Selling obscene literature and pictures (sections 292, 293) or doing obscene"
+10.,"Negligence in respect of poison (section 284), fire (section 285) or explosive"
+"",substances (section 286).
+11.,"Negligence in respect of machinery (section 287), building (section 288) or"
+"",animals (section 289).
+12.,"Selling obscene literature and pictures (sections 292, 293) or doing obscene"
+167.,"Saraswathi v State of TN, 2002 Cr LJ 1420 (Mad); K Jayaramanuja v Kanakraj, 1997 Cr LJ"
+(b),"Y gives grave and sudden provocation to A. A, on this provocation, fires a pistol"
+"","at Y, neither intending nor knowing himself to be likely to kill Z, who is near him,"
+"","but out of sight. A kills Z. Here A has not committed murder, but merely culpable"
+"",homicide.
+(c),"A is lawfully arrested by Z, a bailiff. A is excited to sudden and violent passion by"
+1.,"The offences relating to the commission of heinous crimes like murder, rape,"
+"","armed dacoity, etc. by the accused with a prior record of conviction for capital"
+"",felony.
+2.,The offence was committed while the offender was committing another serious
+"",offence.
+3.,The offence was committed with the intention to create a fear psychosis in the
+"",public at large and was committed in a public place by a weapon or device which
+"",clearly could be hazardous to the life of more than one person.
+4.,The offence of murder was committed for ransom or like offences to receive
+"",money or monetary benefits.
+5.,Hired killings.
+6.,The offence was committed outrageously for want only while involving inhumane
+4.,The condition of the accused shows that he was mentally defective and the
+"",defect impaired his capacity to appreciate the circumstances of his criminal
+"",conduct.
+5.,"The circumstances which, in normal course of life, would render such a"
+231.,"Sangeet v State of Haryana, AIR 2013 SC 447 [LNIND 2012 SC 719] : (2013) 2 SCC 452"
+"272.  Triveni Ben v State of Gujarat, AIR 1989 SC 1335 [LNIND 1989 SC 885] : (1989) 1 SCC 678"
+[LNIND 1989 SC 885] .
+"273. In Ediga Annamma's case (1974 (3) SCR 329) [LNIND 1974 SC 34] , two years was"
+considered sufficient to justify interference with the sentence of death. In Bhagwan Baux's case
+"(AI R 1978 SC 34 ), two and a half years and in Sadhu Singh's case ( AIR 1978 SC 1506 ), three"
+and a half years were taken as sufficient to justify altering the sentence of death into one of
+"imprisonment for life; see also KP Mohammed v State of Kerala, (1985) 1 SCC (Cr) 142 : 1984"
+Supp SCC 684.
+"274.  Sher Singh v State of Punjab, AIR 1983 SC 465 [LNIND 1983 SC 89] : (1983) 2 SCC 344"
+[LNIND 1983 SC 89] .
+"275.  Javed Ahmed v State of Maharashtra, AIR 1985 SC 231 [LNIND 1984 SC 310] : (1985) 1 SCC"
+275 [LNIND 1984 SC 310] .
+"276.  Triveni Ben v State of Gujarat, AIR 1989 SC 1335 [LNIND 1989 SC 885] : (1989) 1 SCC 678"
+[LNIND 1989 SC 885] .
+"277.  Madhu Mehta v UOI, (1989) 3 SCR 775 [LNIND 1989 SC 390] ."
+"278.  Shatrughan Chauhan v UOI, 2014 Cr LJ 1327 : [2014] 1 SCR 609 [LNIND 2014 SC 40] ."
+"279.  Mukesh v State for NCT of Delhi, 2017 (5) Scale 506 ."
+"280.  Mukesh v State for NCT of Delhi, AIR 2017 SC 2161 [LNIND 2017 SC 252] ."
+"281.  Siraj Khan v State of Gujarat, 1994 Cr LJ 1502 (Guj). Kurale Pullaiah v State, 2003 Cr LJ 1060"
+311.,"Jose v The Sub-Inspector of Police, Koyilandy, (2016) 10 SCC 519 [LNIND 2016 SC 403] :"
+473.,BP,Ram,v,State,of,"MP,",1991,Cr,LJ,473,",",considering,Suleman,Rahiman,v,State,of
+"597.  Didigam Bhikshapathi v State of AP, AIR 2008 SC 527 [LNIND 2007 SC 1386] : (2008) 2 SCC"
+403 [LNIND 2007 SC 1386] : 2008 Cr LJ 724 : (2008) 106 Cut LT 313.
+"598.  K Prema S Rao v Yadla Srinivasa Rao, AIR 2003 SC 11 [LNIND 2002 SC 662] , sentenced to"
+"five years imprisonment and fine of Rs. 20,000."
+"599.  JS Ghura v State of Rajasthan, 1996 Cr LJ 2158 (Raj)."
+"600.  Raghunath Dass v Emperor, AIR 1920 Pat 502 : (1920) 21 Cr LJ 213 ."
+"601.  Prahlad Das Chela v State of MP, 1996 Cr LJ 3659 (MP)."
+"602.  State of Gujarat v Pradyman, 1999 Cr LJ 736 (Guj)."
+"603.  Sudhakar v State of Maharashtra, AIR 2000 SC 2602 [LNIND 2000 SC 920] : 2000 Cr LJ"
+673.,"Radharani, 1981 Cr LJ 1705 (SC) : AIR 1981 SC 1776 (2) : 1981 (Supp) SCC 84. Rukhmina"
+(b),"Z is riding in a chariot. A lashes Z's horses, and thereby causes them to quicken"
+"",their pace. Here Z has caused change of motion to Z by inducing the animals to
+"",change their motion. A has therefore used force to Z; and if A has done this
+"","without Z's consent, intending or knowing it to be likely that he may thereby"
+"","injure, frighten or annoy Z, A has used criminal force to Z."
+(c),"Z is riding in a palanquin. A, intending to rob Z, seizes the pole and stops the"
+"","palanquin. Here A has caused cessation of motion to Z, and he has done this by"
+"",his own bodily power. A has therefore used force to Z; and as A has acted thus
+"","intentionally, without Z's consent, in order to the commission of an offence. A"
+"",has used criminal force to Z.
+(d),A intentionally pushes against Z in the street. Here A has by his own bodily
+(3),"Where the offence involves the trafficking of more than one person, it shall be"
+"",punishable with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than
+"","ten years but which may extend to imprisonment for life, and shall also be"
+"",liable to fine.
+(4),"Where the offence involves the trafficking of a minor, it shall be punishable"
+(b),"inserts, to any extent, any object or a part of the body, not being the penis, into"
+"","the vagina, the urethra or anus of a woman or makes her to do so with him or"
+"",any other person; or
+(c),manipulates any part of the body of a woman so as to cause penetration into
+"","the vagina, urethra, anus or any part of body of such woman or makes her do"
+"",so with him or any other person; or
+(d),"applies his mouth to the vagina, anus, urethra of a woman or makes her to do"
+(g),"A finds a ring lying on the highroad, not in the possession of any person. A by"
+"","taking it, commits no theft, though he may commit criminal misappropriation of"
+"",property.
+(h),A sees a ring belonging to Z lying on a table in Z's house. Not venturing to
+"","misappropriate the ring immediately for fear of search and detection, A hides"
+"","the ring in a place where it is highly improbable that it will ever be found by Z,"
+"",with the intention of taking the ring from the hiding place and selling it when the
+"","loss is forgotten. Here A, at the time of first moving the ring, commits theft."
+(i),"A delivers his watch to Z, a jeweller, to be regulated. Z carries it to his shop. A,"
+"",not owing to the jeweller any debt for which the jeweller might lawfully detain the
+"","watch as a security, enters the shop openly, takes his watch by force out of Z's"
+"","hand, and carries it away. Here A, though he may have committed criminal"
+"","trespass and assault, has not committed theft, inasmuch as what he did was not"
+"",done dishonestly.
+(j),"If A owes money to Z for repairing the watch, and if Z retains the watch lawfully"
+"","as a security for the debt, and A takes the watch out of Z's possession, with the"
+"","intention of depriving Z of the property as a security for his debt, he commits"
+"","theft, inasmuch as he takes it dishonestly."
+(k),"Again, if A, having pawned his watch to Z, takes it out of Z's possession without"
+"","Z's consent, not having paid what he borrowed on the watch, he commits theft,"
+"",though the watch is his own property inasmuch as he takes it dishonestly.
+(l),"A takes an article belonging to Z out of Z's possession, without Z's consent, with"
+"",the intention of keeping it until he obtains money from Z as a reward for its
+"",restoration. Here A takes dishonestly; A has therefore committed theft.
+(m),"A, being on friendly terms with Z, goes into Z's library in Z's absence, and takes"
+"","away a book without Z's express consent for the purpose merely of reading it,"
+"","and with the intention of returning it. Here, it is probable that A may have"
+"",conceived that he had Z's implied consent to use Z's book. If this was A's
+"","impression, A has not committed theft."
+(n),"A asks charity from Z's wife. She gives A money, food and clothes, which A"
+"",knows to belong to Z her husband. Here it is probable that A may conceive that
+"","Z's wife is authorised to give away alms. If this was A's impression, A has not"
+"",committed theft.
+(o),"A is the paramour of Z's wife. She gives A valuable property, which A knows to"
+(5),There must be some moving of the property in order to accomplish the taking of
+"17.  G Raminadin, 1980 Cr LJ 1477 : AIR 1980 SC 2127 ; See also Dandi Deka, 1982 Cr LJ NOC"
+188 (Gau).
+"18.  Apparao v Lakshminarayana, AIR 1962 SC 586 [LNIND 1961 SC 324] : (1962) 1 Cr LJ 518 ;"
+"Chandi Kumar v Abanidhar Roy, AIR 1965 SC 585 [LNIND 1963 SC 231] : (1965) 1 Cr LJ 518 ."
+"19.  Nagappa, (1890) 15 Bom 344."
+"20.  Charanjit Singh Chadha v Sudhir Mehra, AIR 2001 SC 3721 [LNIND 2001 SC 2906] ."
+"21.  Charanjit Singh Chadha v Sudhir Mehra, AIR 2001 SC 3721 [LNIND 2001 SC 2906] : (2001) 7"
+SCC 417 [LNIND 2001 SC 2906] .
+"22.  Naresh Singh v State of Bihar, (PATNA HC) : 2017 (2) PLJR 514 ."
+"23.  Charanjit Singh Chadha v Sudhir Mehra, AIR 2001 SC 3721 [LNIND 2001 SC 2906] ."
+"24.  Balos, (1882) 1 Weir 419."
+"25.  Dunyapat, (1919) 42 All 53 ."
+"26.  Shivramm, (1891) 15 Bom 702."
+"27.  Suri Venkatappayya Sastri v Madula Venkanna, (1904) 27 Mad 531 (FB)."
+"28.  Yeok Kuk, (1928) 6 Ran 386."
+"29.  Bhaiyalal v State of MP, 1993 Cr LJ 29 (MP)."
+"30.  Tamma Ghantaya, (1881) 4 Mad 228."
+"31.  Mansang Bhavsang, (1873) 10 BHC 74."
+"32.  Government Pleader, (1882) 1 Weir 412."
+"33.  Ramadhin, (1902) 25 All 129 ."
+"34.  Ahmed v State, AIR 1967 Raj 190 [LNIND 1966 RAJ 32] ."
+"35.  White v White, (1853) 6 Cox 213. R v Hughes, (2000) 2 Cr App R (S) 399 [CA (Crim Div)], gas"
+"meter by passed, three months' imprisonment."
+"36.  Mahalakshmi Spinners Ltd v State of Haryana, 2007 Cr LJ 429 (P&H)."
+"37.  Ferens v O'Brien, (1883) 11 QBD 21 ."
+"38.  Mahadeo Prasad, (1923) 45 All 680 ."
+"39.  Sheikh Arif, (1908) 35 Cal 437 ."
+"40.  Nalla, (1887) 11 Mad 145."
+"41.  Romesh Chunder Sannyal v Hiru Mondal, (1890) 17 Cal 852 ; Bandhu, (1885) 8 All 51 ; Nihal,"
+"306.  JM Desai, 1960 Cr LJ 1250 : AIR 1960 SC 889 [LNIND 1960 SC 79] ; See also Bipin Chandra,"
+1964 (1) Cr LJ 688 (Ori).
+"307.  Nirmalabai v State, (1953) Nag 813."
+"308.  Ramdeo Singh v State of Bihar, 2013 Cr LJ 891 (Pat)."
+"309.  Sudhir Shantilal Mehta v CBI, (2009) 8 SCC 1 [LNIND 2009 SC 1652] : (2009) 3 SCC(Cr) 646."
+"310.  Sudhir Shantilal Mehta v CBI, (2009) 8 SCC 1 [LNIND 2009 SC 1652] ."
+"311.  Mir Naqvi Askari v CBI, (2009) 15 SCC 643 [LNIND 2009 SC 1651] : AIR 2010 SC 528"
+341.,"All Cargo Movers India Pvt Ltd v Dhanesh Badarmal Jain, (2007) 14 SCC 776 [LNIND 2007"
+709.,"Ram Pratap v State of Rajasthan, 2002 Cr LJ 1450 (Raj). Gulam v State of Madhya Pradesh,"
+(c),There should be a monitoring mechanism in the Police Dept. to keep track of
+(a),"A person who publishes a book, submits that book to the judgment of the public."
+(b),"A person who makes a speech in public, submits that speech to the judgment of"
+"",the public.
+(c),"An actor or singer who appears on a public stage, submits his acting or singing"
+"",to the judgment of the public.
+(d),"A says of a book published by Z—""Z's book is foolish; Z must be a weak man. Z's"
+32.,"BRK Murthy v State, 2013 Cr LJ 1602 (AP); Tankasala Ashok v State of AP, 2010 Cr LJ 2074"
+"105.  Singaraju Nagabhushanam, (1902) 26 Mad 464; Maksud Saiyed v State of Gujarat, (2005) 5"
+SCC 668 : (2007) 140 COMP CASES 590.
+"106.  Woodgate v Ridout, (1865) 4 F&F 202, 216. See also Harbans Singh v State of Rajasthan,"
+"1998 Cr LJ 433 (Raj), the word ""shatir"" might be of offending nature and objectionable but not"
+necessarily defamatory. The order dropping the proceedings was not interfered with.
+"107. Abdool Wadood, (1907) 9 Bom LR 230 [LNIND 1907 BOM 6] , 31 Bom 293. See"
+"Ranganayakamma v K Venugopala Rao, 1987 Cr LJ 2000 (AP), the complainant's foreword to a"
+book was criticised by imputing words to the complainant himself which lacked good faith and
+showed malice.
+"108.  Note R, p 183."
+"109.  Sankara v State, (1883) 6 Mad 381, 395, 396."
+"110.  ADM Stubbings v Shella Muthu, 1972 Cr LJ 968 (Ker)."
+"111.  Dr. Vishnu Dutt Agarwal v State of UP, 2012 Cr LJ 3595 (All)."
+"112.  Yadav Motiram Patil v Rajiv G Ghodankar, 2011 Cr LJ 528 (Bom)."
+"113.  Kanwal Lal, AIR 1963 SC 1317 [LNIND 1962 SC 322] ."
+"114.  See Damodra Shenoi v PP Ernakulam, 1989 Cr LJ 2398 where it is stressed that the"
+accused must prove by preponderance of probability that he laboured under good faith as
+"defined in section 52, IPC."
+"115.  J Sudershan v R Sankaran, 1992 Cr LJ 2427 (Mad). The court referred to MC Verugheese v"
+"TJ Ponnan, AIR 1970 SC 1876 [LNIND 1968 SC 339] ."
+"116.  MA Rumugam v Kittu alias Krishnamoorthy, (2009) 1 SCC (Cr) 245 : AIR 2009 SC 341"
+"[LNIND 2008 SC 2186] ; Rallis India Ltd v K T Vijay Kumar, 2010 Cr LJ 2485 (AP); Nayana Jaikisan"
+"Tekwani v State of Maharashtra, 2010 Cr LJ 4094 (Bom)."
+"117.  Kanwal Lal, AIR 1963 SC 1317 [LNIND 1962 SC 322] ."
+"118.  Chamanlal, (1970) 3 SCR 913 [LNIND 1970 SC 106] ."
+"119.  Vedurumudi Rama Rao v Chennuri Venkat Rao, 1997 Cr LJ 3851 (AP)."
+"120.  Standard Chartered Bank v Vinay Kumar Sood, 2010 Cr LJ 1277 (Del)."
+"121.  Mrs. Jinnat Ara Borbora, 1980 Cr LJ NOC (Gau)."
+"122.  Sewakram v RK Karanjia, 1981 Cr LJ 894 (SC) : AIR 1981 SC 514 : 1514 : (1981) 3 SCC 208"
+"137.  Sukhdeo Vithal Pansare, 1974 Cr LJ 1435 (Bom); see also Jiban Krishna Das, 1983 Cr LJ"
+NOC 39 (Cal).
+"138.  Parameswara v Krishna Pillai, AIR 1966 Ker 264 [LNIND 1966 KER 11] ."
+"139.  Bai Shanta v Umrao Amir, (1925) 50 Bom 162 : 28 Bom LR 1 (FB), overruling Babaji, (1892)"
+"17 Bom 127, and Balkrishna Vithal, (1893) 17 Bom 573."
+"140.  Ganga Prasad, (1907) 29 All 685 (FB); Isuri Prasad Singh v Umrao Singh, (1900) 22 All 234 ."
+"141.  Chotelal v Phulchand, (1937) Nag 425."
+"142.  Hemraj v Babulal, AIR 1962 MP 241 [LNIND 1961 MP 92] ."
+"143.  Bai Shanta v Umrao Amir, (1925) 50 Bom 162 : 28 Bom LR 1 (FB). Denial of the relationship"
+of husband and wife in an eviction proceeding between the tenant and complainant was held to
+"be not defamatory, Girish Kakkar v Dr. (Mrs.) Dhanwantri, 1991 Cr LJ 5 (Del). If the words are"
+"defamatory, the proceedings cannot be stayed because it is for the court to decide whether a"
+"privilege is available or not. Pravinchand v Ibrahim Md, 1987 Cr LJ 1795 (Bom)."
+"144.  G Janardhana Reddy v A Narayana Reddy, 2010 Cr LJ 2660 (AP)."
+"145.  Tiruvengada Mudali v Tripurasundari Ammal, (1926) 49 Mad 728, FB overruling Venkata"
+"Reddy, (1912) 36 Mad 216 (FB)."
+"146.  Karu Singh, (1926) 7 PLT 587 : 27 Cr LJ 1320, following Kari Singh, (1912) 40 Cal 433 ."
+"147.  Narendra Kapoor v Ramesh C Bansal, 1998 Cr LJ 1863 (Del)."
+"148.  MC Vergheese v TJ Poonan, AIR 1970 SC 1876 [LNIND 1968 SC 339] : 1970 Cr LJ 1651 ."
+149.  The court also distinguished the present case from its earlier decision in Rev Fr Bernard v
+"158.  S Khushboo v Kanniammal, 2010 Cr LJ 2828 (SC) : AIR 2010 SC 3196 [LNIND 2010 SC 411]"
+": 2010 (5) SCC 600 [LNIND 2010 SC 411] ; Charmesh Sharma v State Of Rajasthan, 2012 Cr LJ"
+2115 (Raj).
+"159.  John Thomas v Dr. K Jagdeesan, AIR 2001 SC 2651 [LNIND 2001 SC 1323] ."
+"160.  Swamy Anoopananda v Bagmisri, 2000 Cr LJ 4296 (Ori)."
+"161.  Beem Singh v S Ramayajam, 2003 Cr LJ NOC 61 (Mad) : 2002 Mad LJ (Ori) 351."
+162.  Ibid.
+"163.  Beauchamp v Moore, (1902) 26 Mad 43."
+"164.  Rallis India Ltd v K T Vijay Kumar, 2010 Cr LJ 2485 (AP)."
+"165.  Chief Education Officer, Salem v K S Palanichamy, 2012 Cr LJ 2543 (Mad). See other view in"
+"Rallis India Ltd v K T Vijay Kumar, 2010 Cr LJ 2485 (AP) discussed above."
+"166.  Subhash K Shah v K Shankar Bhat, 1993 Cr LJ 1296 (Kant)."
+"167.  Subhash K Shah v K Shankar Bhat, 1993 Cr LJ 1296 ."
+"168.  Pyarelal Maganlal Jaiswal v State of Maharashtra, 1996 Cr LJ 989 (Bom)."
+"169.  MN Damani v SK Sinha, AIR 2001 SC 2037 [LNIND 2001 SC 1149] . Rajesh Rangarajan v"
+"Crop Care Fed. of India, 2010 (9) Scale 23 [LNIND 2010 SC 626] -Proceedings quashed."
+"170.  Rajendra Kumar Sitaram Pande, v Uttam, 1999 Cr LJ 1620 : AIR 1999 SC 1028 [LNIND 1999"
+SC 136] .
+"171.  G Janardhana Reddy v A Narayana Reddy, 2010 Cr LJ 2660 ; AP Ramoji Rao, Chairman"
+"Ramoji Group of Companies v State of AP, AIR 2006 SC 3384 [LNIND 2006 SC 820] : (2006) 8"
+SCC 321) [LNIND 2006 SC 820] - proceedings quashed since the accused agreed to give a
+clarification in the TV channel as the news item was not the intended in any manner to defame
+or harm the reputation of the Chief Minister or his entourage of ministers and officials.
+"172.  Vedurumudi Rama Rao v Chennuri Venkat Rao, 1997 Cr LJ 3851 ."
+"173.  Darusing Durgasing v State of Gujarat, 1999 Cr LJ 1620 : AIR 1999 SC 1028 [LNIND 1999 SC"
+136] .
+"174.  Valmiki Faleiro v Mrs. Lauriana Fernandes, 2005 Cr LJ 2498 ."
+"175.  Jeffrey J Diermeier v State of WB, (2010) 6 SCC 243 [LNIND 2010 SC 512] : (2010) 3"
+SCC(Cr) 138.
+"176.  KM Mathew v KA Abraham, 1998 Cr LJ 327 (Ker)."
+"177.  Subhiksha Trading Services Ltd v Azim H Premji, 2011 Cr LJ 2769 (Mad)."
+"178.  Shiv Kumar Agarwal v State of Meghalaya, 2013 Cr LJ 421 ."
+"179.  Shiv Kumar Agarwal v State of Meghalaya, 2013 Cr LJ 421 ."
+"180.  Abhijit Pawar v Hemant Madhukar Nimbalkar, AIR 2017 SC 299 [LNIND 2016 SC 614] :"