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@@ -1,35 +1,36 @@
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DrugInteraction.owl

@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<rdf:RDF
+	xmlns="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#"
+	xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
+	xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+	xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+	xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
+	xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Ontology"/>
+	<rdfs:comment>
+      Ontology capturing Drug Interactions, Alternatives, Conflicts, and Similarities.
+    </rdfs:comment>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Object Properties -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasAlternative -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasAlternative">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasAlternative</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasConflict -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasConflict">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasConflict</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasInteraction -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasInteraction">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasInteraction</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasSimilarity -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasSimilarity">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasSimilarity</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Classes -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#AlternativeDrug -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#AlternativeDrug">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>AlternativeDrug</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Conflict</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:comment>consumables</rdfs:comment>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Drug</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#DrugInteraction -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#DrugInteraction">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>DrugInteraction</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Similarity</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Individuals -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Alcohol</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Amlodipine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Amlodipine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Amlodipine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Apixaban</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Aspirin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Atorvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Atorvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Atorvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Caffeine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Ciprofloxacin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Clopidogrel -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Clopidogrel">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Clopidogrel</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Empagliflozin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Erythromycin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Esomeprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Fluoxetine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Glucophage</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ibuprofen -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ibuprofen">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Ibuprofen</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Lisinopril -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Lisinopril">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Lisinopril</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Losartan</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metformin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metformin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Metformin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metronidazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metronidazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Metronidazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Naproxen</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Nifedipine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Omeprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Pantoprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Phenelzine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Phenelzine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Phenelzine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Rosuvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Sertraline -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Sertraline">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Sertraline</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Simvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Simvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Simvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Spironolactone</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Theophylline -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Theophylline">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Theophylline</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Warfarin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Warfarin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Warfarin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>GrapefruitJuice</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>GreenLeafyVegetables</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>TyramineFoods</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- Generated by the OWL API (version 4.5.29.2024-05-13T12:11:03Z) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi -->
+
+</rdf:RDF>

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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Notebooks/DrugInteraction.owl

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<rdf:RDF xmlns="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#"
+     xml:base="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl"
+     xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
+     xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+     xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
+
+    <!-- Ontology Header -->
+    <owl:Ontology rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl"/>
+
+    <!-- Classes -->
+    <owl:Class rdf:about="#TestProgram"/>
+    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Drug"/>
+    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Interaction"/>
+    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Conflict"/>
+    <owl:Class rdf:about="#Similarity"/>
+
+    <!-- Object Properties -->
+    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#causedBy">
+        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Interaction"/>
+        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:ObjectProperty>
+
+    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#between">
+        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Conflict"/>
+        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:ObjectProperty>
+
+    <owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="#relatedTo">
+        <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#Similarity"/>
+        <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:ObjectProperty>
+
+    <!-- Individuals: Drugs -->
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Warfarin">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Aspirin">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Nitroglycerin">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Sildenafil">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Drug"/>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+
+    <!-- Instances: Interactions -->
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Interaction1">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Interaction"/>
+        <causedBy rdf:resource="#Warfarin"/>
+        <causedBy rdf:resource="#Aspirin"/>
+        <rdfs:label>Warfarin and Aspirin Interaction</rdfs:label>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+
+    <!-- Instances: Conflicts -->
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Conflict1">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Conflict"/>
+        <between rdf:resource="#Sildenafil"/>
+        <between rdf:resource="#Nitroglycerin"/>
+        <rdfs:label>Sildenafil and Nitroglycerin Conflict</rdfs:label>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+
+    <!-- Instances: Similarities -->
+    <owl:NamedIndividual rdf:about="#Similarity1">
+        <rdf:type rdf:resource="#Similarity"/>
+        <relatedTo rdf:resource="#Warfarin"/>
+        <relatedTo rdf:resource="#Aspirin"/>
+        <rdfs:label>Similarity Between Warfarin and Aspirin</rdfs:label>
+    </owl:NamedIndividual>
+
+</rdf:RDF>

Notebooks/Final/test_with_input.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Install rdflib if not already installed\n",
+    "# !pip install rdflib\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from rdflib import Graph, Namespace"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Loading ontology...\n",
+      "Ontology loaded successfully.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 1: Load the Ontology\n",
+    "print(\"Loading ontology...\")\n",
+    "g = Graph()\n",
+    "g.parse(\"DrugInteraction.owl\", format=\"xml\")  # Ensure your OWL file is named correctly and in the same directory\n",
+    "print(\"Ontology loaded successfully.\\n\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Query Templates\n",
+    "query_interactions = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {{\n",
+    "    ?drug1 ns:hasInteraction ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (STR(?drug1) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\" || \n",
+    "            STR(?drug2) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\")\n",
+    "}}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "query_conflicts = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {{\n",
+    "    ?drug1 ns:hasConflict ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (STR(?drug1) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\" || \n",
+    "            STR(?drug2) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\")\n",
+    "}}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "query_similarities = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {{\n",
+    "    ?drug1 ns:hasSimilarity ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (STR(?drug1) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\" || \n",
+    "            STR(?drug2) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\")\n",
+    "}}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "query_alternatives = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {{\n",
+    "    ?drug1 ns:hasAlternative ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (STR(?drug1) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\" || \n",
+    "            STR(?drug2) = \"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#{drug}\")\n",
+    "}}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Function to execute a query and print results\n",
+    "def run_query(query, description, drug_name):\n",
+    "    print(f\"Results for {description} involving '{drug_name}':\")\n",
+    "    results = g.query(query.format(drug=drug_name))\n",
+    "    if len(results) == 0:\n",
+    "        print(\"  No results found.\\n\")\n",
+    "    else:\n",
+    "        for row in results:\n",
+    "            drug1_label = row[0].split('#')[-1]\n",
+    "            drug2_label = row[1].split('#')[-1]\n",
+    "            print(f\"  {drug1_label} → {drug2_label}\")\n",
+    "        print(\"\\n\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 2: Accept User Input for Drug Names\n",
+    "def main():\n",
+    "    print(\"Enter drug names separated by commas (e.g., Aspirin, Warfarin):\")\n",
+    "    user_input = input(\"Drugs: \")\n",
+    "    drug_names = [drug.strip() for drug in user_input.split(\",\") if drug.strip()]\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    if not drug_names:\n",
+    "        print(\"No drug names provided. Exiting.\")\n",
+    "        return\n",
+    "\n",
+    "    # Step 3: Run Queries for Each Drug\n",
+    "    for drug in drug_names:\n",
+    "        print(f\"\\n--- Checking for {drug} ---\")\n",
+    "        run_query(query_interactions, \"Drug Interactions\", drug)\n",
+    "        run_query(query_conflicts, \"Conflicts\", drug)\n",
+    "        run_query(query_similarities, \"Similarities\", drug)\n",
+    "        run_query(query_alternatives, \"Alternative Drugs\", drug)\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Enter drug names separated by commas (e.g., Aspirin, Warfarin):\n",
+      "\n",
+      "--- Checking for panadol ---\n",
+      "Results for Drug Interactions involving 'panadol':\n",
+      "  No results found.\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Results for Conflicts involving 'panadol':\n",
+      "  No results found.\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Results for Similarities involving 'panadol':\n",
+      "  No results found.\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Results for Alternative Drugs involving 'panadol':\n",
+      "  No results found.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Run the main function\n",
+    "if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n",
+    "    main()"
+   ]
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.3"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}

Notebooks/sparql.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 1,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Loading ontology...\n",
+      "Ontology loaded successfully.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Install rdflib if not already installed\n",
+    "# !pip install rdflib\n",
+    "\n",
+    "from rdflib import Graph, Namespace\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Step 1: Load the Ontology\n",
+    "print(\"Loading ontology...\")\n",
+    "g = Graph()\n",
+    "g.parse(\"DrugInteraction.owl\", format=\"xml\")\n",
+    "print(\"Ontology loaded successfully.\\n\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 2,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Define Namespace\n",
+    "ns = Namespace(\"http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Query 1: Retrieve Drug Interactions\n",
+    "query_interactions = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?interaction ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {\n",
+    "    ?interaction a ns:Interaction .\n",
+    "    ?interaction ns:causedBy ?drug1 .\n",
+    "    ?interaction ns:causedBy ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (?drug1 != ?drug2)\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Query 2: Retrieve Conflicts\n",
+    "query_conflicts = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?conflict ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {\n",
+    "    ?conflict a ns:Conflict .\n",
+    "    ?conflict ns:between ?drug1 .\n",
+    "    ?conflict ns:between ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (?drug1 != ?drug2)\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\"\"\"\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Query 3: Retrieve Similarities\n",
+    "query_similarities = \"\"\"\n",
+    "PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>\n",
+    "SELECT ?similarity ?drug1 ?drug2\n",
+    "WHERE {\n",
+    "    ?similarity a ns:Similarity .\n",
+    "    ?similarity ns:relatedTo ?drug1 .\n",
+    "    ?similarity ns:relatedTo ?drug2 .\n",
+    "    FILTER (?drug1 != ?drug2)\n",
+    "}\n",
+    "\"\"\""
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Function to run and print SPARQL query results\n",
+    "def run_query(query, description):\n",
+    "    print(f\"Results for {description}:\")\n",
+    "    results = g.query(query)\n",
+    "    for row in results:\n",
+    "        print(f\"{row[0]} | Drug 1: {row[1].split('#')[-1]} | Drug 2: {row[2].split('#')[-1]}\")\n",
+    "    print(\"\\n\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Results for Drug Interactions:\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Interaction1 | Drug 1: Warfarin | Drug 2: Aspirin\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Interaction1 | Drug 1: Aspirin | Drug 2: Warfarin\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Results for Conflicts:\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict1 | Drug 1: Sildenafil | Drug 2: Nitroglycerin\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict1 | Drug 1: Nitroglycerin | Drug 2: Sildenafil\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Results for Similarities:\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity1 | Drug 1: Warfarin | Drug 2: Aspirin\n",
+      "http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity1 | Drug 1: Aspirin | Drug 2: Warfarin\n",
+      "\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Execute each query\n",
+    "run_query(query_interactions, \"Drug Interactions\")\n",
+    "run_query(query_conflicts, \"Conflicts\")\n",
+    "run_query(query_similarities, \"Similarities\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.3"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}

Notebooks/testOnto.ipynb

@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 3,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": [
+    "# Install owlready2 if not installed\n",
+    "# !pip install owlready2\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Import libraries\n",
+    "from owlready2 import *"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 4,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Loading ontology...\n",
+      "Ontology loaded successfully.\n",
+      "\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 1: Load the Ontology\n",
+    "print(\"Loading ontology...\")\n",
+    "onto = get_ontology(\"DrugInteraction.owl\").load()\n",
+    "print(\"Ontology loaded successfully.\\n\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 5,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "Classes in the ontology:\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.TestProgram\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Drug\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Interaction\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Conflict\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Similarity\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Object Properties in the ontology:\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.causedBy\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.between\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.relatedTo\n",
+      "\n",
+      "Instances of classes:\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Warfarin is an instance of DrugInteraction.Drug\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Aspirin is an instance of DrugInteraction.Drug\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Nitroglycerin is an instance of DrugInteraction.Drug\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Sildenafil is an instance of DrugInteraction.Drug\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Interaction1 is an instance of DrugInteraction.Interaction\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Conflict1 is an instance of DrugInteraction.Conflict\n",
+      "DrugInteraction.Similarity1 is an instance of DrugInteraction.Similarity\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 2: Explore Ontology Structure\n",
+    "print(\"Classes in the ontology:\")\n",
+    "for cls in onto.classes():\n",
+    "    print(cls)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(\"\\nObject Properties in the ontology:\")\n",
+    "for prop in onto.object_properties():\n",
+    "    print(prop)\n",
+    "\n",
+    "print(\"\\nInstances of classes:\")\n",
+    "for ind in onto.individuals():\n",
+    "    print(f\"{ind} is an instance of {ind.is_a[0]}\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 6,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Querying Drug Interactions:\n",
+      "Interaction: Interaction1, Caused By: Warfarin, Aspirin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 3: Query Relationships\n",
+    "print(\"\\nQuerying Drug Interactions:\")\n",
+    "interaction_class = onto.search_one(iri=\"*Interaction\")\n",
+    "for interaction in interaction_class.instances():\n",
+    "    caused_by_drugs = [drug.name for drug in interaction.causedBy]\n",
+    "    print(f\"Interaction: {interaction.name}, Caused By: {', '.join(caused_by_drugs)}\")\n",
+    "    \n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 7,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Querying Conflicts:\n",
+      "Conflict: Conflict1, Between: [DrugInteraction.Sildenafil, DrugInteraction.Nitroglycerin]\n",
+      "Drug: DrugInteraction.Sildenafil\n",
+      "Drug: DrugInteraction.Nitroglycerin\n",
+      "Conflict: Conflict1, Involves Drugs: Sildenafil, Nitroglycerin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(\"\\nQuerying Conflicts:\") \n",
+    "conflict_class = onto.search_one(iri=\"*Conflict\") \n",
+    "for conflict in conflict_class.instances(): \n",
+    "\tprint(f\"Conflict: {conflict.name}, Between: {conflict.between}\") \n",
+    "\tinvolved_drugs = [] \n",
+    "\tfor drug in conflict.between: \n",
+    "\t\tprint(f\"Drug: {drug}\") # Print the drug to see its structure \n",
+    "\t\ttry: \n",
+    "\t\t\tinvolved_drugs.append(drug.name) \n",
+    "\t\texcept AttributeError: \n",
+    "\t\t\tprint(f\"Error: 'str' object has no attribute 'name'. Drug: {drug}\") \t\t\n",
+    "print(f\"Conflict: {conflict.name}, Involves Drugs: {', '.join(involved_drugs)}\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 8,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Querying Similarities:\n",
+      "Similarity: Similarity1, Related Drugs: Warfarin, Aspirin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Querying Similarities with error handling\n",
+    "print(\"\\nQuerying Similarities:\")\n",
+    "similarity_class = onto.search_one(iri=\"*Similarity\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if similarity_class:  # Ensure the class exists\n",
+    "    for similarity in similarity_class.instances():\n",
+    "        # Safely handle 'relatedTo' to avoid AttributeError\n",
+    "        related_drugs = [\n",
+    "            drug.name if isinstance(drug, Thing) else str(drug) \n",
+    "            for drug in getattr(similarity, \"relatedTo\", [])\n",
+    "        ]\n",
+    "        print(f\"Similarity: {similarity.name}, Related Drugs: {', '.join(related_drugs)}\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"Similarity class not found in the ontology.\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 9,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "* Owlready2 * Running HermiT...\n",
+      "    java -Xmx2000M -cp /home/manith/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/owlready2/hermit:/home/manith/.local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/owlready2/hermit/HermiT.jar org.semanticweb.HermiT.cli.CommandLine -c -O -D -I file:////tmp/tmps4u6q73_\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Reasoning complete. Checking inferred facts...\n"
+     ]
+    },
+    {
+     "name": "stderr",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "* Owlready2 * HermiT took 0.49095606803894043 seconds\n",
+      "* Owlready * (NB: only changes on entities loaded in Python are shown, other changes are done but not listed)\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 4: Test Reasoning\n",
+    "# Add reasoning to infer new facts based on ontology\n",
+    "with onto:\n",
+    "    sync_reasoner()  # Runs the HermiT reasoner\n",
+    "print(\"\\nReasoning complete. Checking inferred facts...\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 10,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Inferred Relationships for Interactions:\n",
+      "Interaction: Interaction1, Caused By: Warfarin, Aspirin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Re-query after reasoning\n",
+    "print(\"\\nInferred Relationships for Interactions:\")\n",
+    "for interaction in interaction_class.instances():\n",
+    "    caused_by_drugs = [drug.name for drug in interaction.causedBy]\n",
+    "    print(f\"Interaction: {interaction.name}, Caused By: {', '.join(caused_by_drugs)}\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 11,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Custom Query: Find interactions involving 'Warfarin'\n",
+      "Interaction Found: Interaction1 caused by Warfarin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "# Step 5: Custom Queries and Testing\n",
+    "print(\"\\nCustom Query: Find interactions involving 'Warfarin'\")\n",
+    "warfarin = onto.search_one(iri=\"*Warfarin\")\n",
+    "for interaction in interaction_class.instances():\n",
+    "    if warfarin in interaction.causedBy:\n",
+    "        print(f\"Interaction Found: {interaction.name} caused by Warfarin\")"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": 12,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [
+    {
+     "name": "stdout",
+     "output_type": "stream",
+     "text": [
+      "\n",
+      "Custom Query: Find conflicts involving 'Nitroglycerin'\n",
+      "Conflict Found: Conflict1 involving Nitroglycerin\n"
+     ]
+    }
+   ],
+   "source": [
+    "print(\"\\nCustom Query: Find conflicts involving 'Nitroglycerin'\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "# Dynamically find the Nitroglycerin individual\n",
+    "nitroglycerin = onto.search_one(iri=\"*Nitroglycerin\")\n",
+    "\n",
+    "if nitroglycerin:\n",
+    "    # Query Conflicts and check 'between' property\n",
+    "    for conflict in conflict_class.instances():\n",
+    "        involved_drugs = getattr(conflict, \"between\", [])\n",
+    "        if nitroglycerin in involved_drugs:\n",
+    "            print(f\"Conflict Found: {conflict.name} involving Nitroglycerin\")\n",
+    "else:\n",
+    "    print(\"Nitroglycerin not found in the ontology.\")\n"
+   ]
+  },
+  {
+   "cell_type": "code",
+   "execution_count": null,
+   "metadata": {},
+   "outputs": [],
+   "source": []
+  }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+  "kernelspec": {
+   "display_name": "Python 3",
+   "language": "python",
+   "name": "python3"
+  },
+  "language_info": {
+   "codemirror_mode": {
+    "name": "ipython",
+    "version": 3
+   },
+   "file_extension": ".py",
+   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+   "name": "python",
+   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+   "version": "3.12.3"
+  }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}

README.md

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
----
-title: Drug Interaction Analysis System
-emoji: 🏆
-colorFrom: green
-colorTo: pink
-sdk: streamlit
-sdk_version: 1.43.2
-app_file: app.py
-pinned: false
-short_description: 'Using Ontograph, Langgraph, Semantic Web Ontology, LLMs '
----
-
-Check out the configuration reference at https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/spaces-config-reference
+---
+title: Drug Interaction Analysis System
+emoji: 🏆
+colorFrom: green
+colorTo: pink
+sdk: streamlit
+sdk_version: 1.43.2
+app_file: app.py
+pinned: false
+short_description: 'Using Ontograph, Langgraph, Semantic Web Ontology, LLMs '
+---
+
+Check out the configuration reference at https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/spaces-config-reference

agents/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+from .alternative_agent import AlternativeAgent
+from .similarity_agent import SimilarityAgent
+from .conflict_agent import ConflictAgent
+from .interaction_agent import InteractionAgent

agents/alternative_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from .base_agent import BaseAgent
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
+from typing import List, Dict
+import logging
+
+class AlternativeAgent(BaseAgent):
+    def __init__(self, rdf_graph: Graph, namespace: Namespace):
+        super().__init__(rdf_graph, namespace)
+        self.query_template = """
+            PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>
+            SELECT DISTINCT ?drug1 ?drug2
+            WHERE {{
+                ?drug1 ns:hasAlternative ?drug2 .
+                FILTER(STRENDS(str(?drug1), "#{drug}") || STRENDS(str(?drug2), "#{drug}"))
+            }}
+        """
+        logging.debug("AlternativeAgent initialized.")
+    
+    def get_alternatives(self, drug_name: str) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        query = self.query_template.format(drug=drug_name)
+        logging.info(f"Fetching alternatives for {drug_name}")
+        return self.query_ontology(query)

agents/base_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace, URIRef
+from typing import List, Dict
+import logging
+
+class BaseAgent:
+    def __init__(self, rdf_graph: Graph, namespace: Namespace):
+        self.graph = rdf_graph
+        self.ns = namespace
+        logging.debug("BaseAgent initialized.")
+    
+    def query_ontology(self, query: str) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        """Execute a SPARQL query and return results as a list of dictionaries."""
+        try:
+            results = self.graph.query(query)
+            logging.debug(f"Executing query: {query}")
+            return [
+                {"drug1": str(row[0]).split('#')[-1], 
+                 "drug2": str(row[1]).split('#')[-1]} 
+                for row in results
+            ]
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Error executing query: {e}")
+            return []

agents/conflict_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from .base_agent import BaseAgent
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
+from typing import List, Dict
+import logging
+
+class ConflictAgent(BaseAgent):
+    def __init__(self, rdf_graph: Graph, namespace: Namespace):
+        super().__init__(rdf_graph, namespace)
+        self.query_template = """
+            PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>
+            SELECT DISTINCT ?drug1 ?drug2
+            WHERE {{
+                ?drug1 ns:hasConflict ?drug2 .
+                FILTER(STRENDS(str(?drug1), "#{drug}") || STRENDS(str(?drug2), "#{drug}"))
+            }}
+        """
+        logging.debug("ConflictAgent initialized.")
+    
+    def get_conflicts(self, drug_name: str) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        query = self.query_template.format(drug=drug_name)
+        logging.info(f"Fetching conflicts for {drug_name}")
+        return self.query_ontology(query)

agents/interaction_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from .base_agent import BaseAgent
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
+from typing import List, Dict
+import logging
+
+class InteractionAgent(BaseAgent):
+    def __init__(self, rdf_graph: Graph, namespace: Namespace):
+        super().__init__(rdf_graph, namespace)
+        self.query_template = """
+            PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>
+            SELECT DISTINCT ?drug1 ?drug2
+            WHERE {{
+                ?drug1 ns:hasInteraction ?drug2 .
+                FILTER(STRENDS(str(?drug1), "#{drug}") || STRENDS(str(?drug2), "#{drug}"))
+            }}
+        """
+        logging.debug("InteractionAgent initialized.")
+    
+    def get_interactions(self, drug_name: str) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        query = self.query_template.format(drug=drug_name)
+        logging.info(f"Fetching interactions for {drug_name}")
+        return self.query_ontology(query)

agents/similarity_agent.py

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+from .base_agent import BaseAgent
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
+from typing import List, Dict
+import logging
+
+class SimilarityAgent(BaseAgent):
+    def __init__(self, rdf_graph: Graph, namespace: Namespace):
+        super().__init__(rdf_graph, namespace)
+        self.query_template = """
+            PREFIX ns: <http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#>
+            SELECT DISTINCT ?drug1 ?drug2
+            WHERE {{
+                ?drug1 ns:hasSimilarity ?drug2 .
+                FILTER(STRENDS(str(?drug1), "#{drug}") || STRENDS(str(?drug2), "#{drug}"))
+            }}
+        """
+        logging.debug("SimilarityAgent initialized.")
+    
+    def get_similarities(self, drug_name: str) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
+        query = self.query_template.format(drug=drug_name)
+        logging.info(f"Fetching similarities for {drug_name}")
+        return self.query_ontology(query)

analyzers/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+from .drug_interaction_analyzer import DrugInteractionAnalyzer

analyzers/drug_interaction_analyzer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+from typing import Dict, List
+import json
+from agents import AlternativeAgent, SimilarityAgent, ConflictAgent, InteractionAgent
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace
+import logging
+
+class DrugInteractionAnalyzer:
+    """
+    Analyzer class to handle drug interactions, alternatives, similarities, and conflicts using separate agents.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, owl_file_path: str):
+        """
+        Initialize the DrugInteractionAnalyzer with the ontology file and instantiate agents.
+        
+        Args:
+            owl_file_path (str): Path to the RDF/XML ontology file.
+        """
+        self.graph = Graph()
+        try:
+            self.graph.parse(owl_file_path, format="xml")
+            self.namespace = Namespace("http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#")
+            logging.info(f"Successfully loaded ontology from {owl_file_path}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+        
+        # Initialize agents
+        self.alternative_agent = AlternativeAgent(self.graph, self.namespace)
+        self.similarity_agent = SimilarityAgent(self.graph, self.namespace)
+        self.conflict_agent = ConflictAgent(self.graph, self.namespace)
+        self.interaction_agent = InteractionAgent(self.graph, self.namespace)
+        logging.info("Initialized all agents successfully.")
+    
+    def analyze_drugs(self, drug_names: List[str]) -> Dict[str, Dict[str, List[Dict[str, str]]]]:
+        """
+        Analyze multiple drugs using separate agents and return structured results.
+        
+        Args:
+            drug_names (List[str]): List of drug names to analyze.
+        
+        Returns:
+            Dict[str, Dict[str, List[Dict[str, str]]]]: Structured analysis results.
+        """
+        results = {}
+        for drug in drug_names:
+            drug_results = {}
+            logging.info(f"Analyzing drug: {drug}")
+            
+            # Alternatives
+            try:
+                alternatives = self.alternative_agent.get_alternatives(drug)
+                drug_results["alternatives"] = alternatives
+                logging.debug(f"Alternatives for {drug}: {alternatives}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.warning(f"Failed to get alternatives for {drug}: {e}")
+                drug_results["alternatives"] = []
+            
+            # Similarities
+            try:
+                similarities = self.similarity_agent.get_similarities(drug)
+                drug_results["similarities"] = similarities
+                logging.debug(f"Similarities for {drug}: {similarities}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.warning(f"Failed to get similarities for {drug}: {e}")
+                drug_results["similarities"] = []
+            
+            # Conflicts
+            try:
+                conflicts = self.conflict_agent.get_conflicts(drug)
+                drug_results["conflicts"] = conflicts
+                logging.debug(f"Conflicts for {drug}: {conflicts}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.warning(f"Failed to get conflicts for {drug}: {e}")
+                drug_results["conflicts"] = []
+            
+            # Interactions
+            try:
+                interactions = self.interaction_agent.get_interactions(drug)
+                drug_results["interactions"] = interactions
+                logging.debug(f"Interactions for {drug}: {interactions}")
+            except Exception as e:
+                logging.warning(f"Failed to get interactions for {drug}: {e}")
+                drug_results["interactions"] = []
+            
+            results[drug] = drug_results
+            logging.info(f"Completed analysis for {drug}")
+        
+        logging.info("Completed analysis for all drugs.")
+        return results

app.py

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+import streamlit as st
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace, URIRef, Literal
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
+from langchain.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate
+import json
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from langchain_community.chat_models import ChatOllama
+from langchain_groq import ChatGroq
+import logging
+from analyzers import DrugInteractionAnalyzer
+
+# Load environment variables
+load_dotenv()
+
+# Configure logging
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.INFO,
+    format='%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s',
+    handlers=[
+        logging.FileHandler("app.log"),
+        logging.StreamHandler()
+    ]
+)
+
+# Validating API key
+GROQ_API_KEY = os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY")
+if not GROQ_API_KEY:
+    logging.error("GROQ_API_KEY not found in environment variables. Please add it to your .env file.")
+    raise ValueError("GROQ_API_KEY not found in environment variables. Please add it to your .env file.")
+
+@dataclass
+class GraphState:
+    """State type for the graph."""
+    input: str
+    query: Optional[str] = None
+    ontology_results: Optional[str] = None
+    response: Optional[str] = None
+
+class OntologyAgent:
+    def __init__(self, owl_file_path: str):
+        """Initialize the OntologyAgent with an OWL file."""
+        self.g = Graph()
+        try:
+            self.g.parse(owl_file_path, format="xml")
+            self.ns = Namespace("http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#")
+            logging.info(f"Ontology loaded successfully from {owl_file_path}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+
+def create_agent_graph(owl_file_path: str) -> StateGraph:
+    """Create a processing graph for drug interaction analysis using separate agents."""
+    analyzer = DrugInteractionAnalyzer(owl_file_path)
+    
+    def user_input_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        logging.info("Processing user input.")
+        return {"query": state.input}
+    
+    def ontology_query_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        try:
+            logging.info("Executing ontology queries.")
+            drug_names = [d.strip() for d in state.input.split(",")]
+            results = analyzer.analyze_drugs(drug_names)
+            logging.info(f"Ontology query results: {results}")
+            return {"ontology_results": json.dumps(results, indent=2)}
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.warning(f"Ontology query failed: {e}")
+            return {"ontology_results": json.dumps({"error": str(e)})}
+    
+    def llm_processing_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        template = """
+        Based on the drug interaction analysis results:
+        {ontology_results}
+        
+        Please provide a comprehensive summary of:
+        1. Direct interactions between the drugs
+        2. Potential conflicts
+        3. Similar drug alternatives
+        4. Recommended alternatives if conflicts exist
+        
+        If no results were found, please indicate this clearly.
+        Format the response in a clear, structured manner.
+        """
+        
+        prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_template(template)
+
+        try:
+            llm = ChatGroq(
+                model_name="llama3-groq-70b-8192-tool-use-preview",
+                api_key=GROQ_API_KEY,
+                temperature=0.7
+            )
+            logging.info("LLM initialized successfully.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Error initializing LLM: {e}")
+            return {"response": f"Error initializing LLM: {str(e)}"}
+
+        chain = prompt | llm
+
+        try:
+            response = chain.invoke({
+                "ontology_results": state.ontology_results
+            })
+
+            logging.info("LLM processing completed successfully.")
+            return {"response": response.content}
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Error processing results with LLM: {e}")
+            return {"response": f"Error processing results: {str(e)}"}
+
+    workflow = StateGraph(GraphState)
+
+    workflow.add_node("input_processor", user_input_node)
+    workflow.add_node("ontology_query", ontology_query_node)
+    workflow.add_node("llm_processing", llm_processing_node)
+
+    workflow.add_edge("input_processor", "ontology_query")
+    workflow.add_edge("ontology_query", "llm_processing")
+
+    workflow.set_entry_point("input_processor")
+
+    logging.info("Agent graph created and configured successfully.")
+
+    return workflow.compile()
+
+def main():
+    st.title("Drug Interaction Analysis System")
+
+    user_input = st.text_input("Enter drug names separated by commas (e.g., Aspirin, Warfarin):", value="")
+
+    if st.button("Analyze"):
+        if not user_input.strip():
+            st.warning("Please enter at least one drug name.")
+            return
+
+        owl_file_path = os.path.join("ontology", "DrugInteraction.owl")
+        if not os.path.exists(owl_file_path):
+            logging.error(f"Ontology file not found: {owl_file_path}")
+            st.error(f"Ontology file not found: {owl_file_path}")
+            return
+
+        try:
+            with st.spinner("Analyzing drug interactions..."):
+                agent_graph = create_agent_graph(owl_file_path)
+                result = agent_graph.invoke(GraphState(input=user_input))
+
+            st.subheader("Analysis Results:")
+            st.markdown(result["response"])
+
+            logging.info("Analysis completed and results displayed.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"An error occurred: {str(e)}")
+            st.error(f"An error occurred: {str(e)}")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

appcli.py

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+
+from rdflib import Graph, Namespace, URIRef, Literal
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional
+from langgraph.graph import StateGraph
+from langchain.prompts import ChatPromptTemplate
+import json
+from dotenv import load_dotenv
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from langchain_community.chat_models import ChatOllama
+from langchain_groq import ChatGroq
+import logging
+# Import the DrugInteractionAnalyzer
+from analyzers import DrugInteractionAnalyzer
+
+
+# Load environment variables
+load_dotenv()
+
+# Configure logging
+logging.basicConfig(
+    level=logging.INFO,
+    format='%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s',
+    handlers=[
+        logging.FileHandler("app.log"),
+        logging.StreamHandler()
+    ]
+)
+
+# Validating API key
+GROQ_API_KEY = os.getenv("GROQ_API_KEY")
+if not GROQ_API_KEY:
+    logging.error("GROQ_API_KEY not found in environment variables. Please add it to your .env file.")
+    raise ValueError("GROQ_API_KEY not found in environment variables. Please add it to your .env file.")
+
+@dataclass
+class GraphState:
+    """State type for the graph."""
+    input: str
+    query: Optional[str] = None
+    ontology_results: Optional[str] = None
+    response: Optional[str] = None
+
+class OntologyAgent:
+    def __init__(self, owl_file_path: str):
+        """Initialize the OntologyAgent with an OWL file."""
+
+        self.g = Graph()
+        try:
+            self.g.parse(owl_file_path, format="xml")
+            self.ns = Namespace("http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#")
+            logging.info(f"Ontology loaded successfully from {owl_file_path}")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+            raise ValueError(f"Failed to load ontology file: {e}")
+
+def create_agent_graph(owl_file_path: str) -> StateGraph:
+    """Create a processing graph for drug interaction analysis using separate agents."""
+    analyzer = DrugInteractionAnalyzer(owl_file_path)
+    
+    def user_input_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        logging.info("Processing user input.")
+
+        return {"query": state.input}
+    
+    def ontology_query_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        try:
+            logging.info("Executing ontology queries.")
+            drug_names = [d.strip() for d in state.input.split(",")]
+            results = analyzer.analyze_drugs(drug_names)
+            logging.info(f"Ontology query results: {results}")
+            return {"ontology_results": json.dumps(results, indent=2)}
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.warning(f"Ontology query failed: {e}")
+
+            return {"ontology_results": json.dumps({"error": str(e)})}
+    
+    def llm_processing_node(state: GraphState) -> Dict[str, str]:
+        template = """
+        Based on the drug interaction analysis results:
+        {ontology_results}
+        
+        Please provide a comprehensive summary of:
+        1. Direct interactions between the drugs
+        2. Potential conflicts
+        3. Similar drug alternatives
+        4. Recommended alternatives if conflicts exist
+        
+        If no results were found, please indicate this clearly.
+        Format the response in a clear, structured manner.
+        """
+        
+        prompt = ChatPromptTemplate.from_template(template)
+
+        try:
+            llm = ChatGroq(
+                model_name="llama3-groq-70b-8192-tool-use-preview",
+                api_key=GROQ_API_KEY,
+                temperature=0.7
+            )
+            logging.info("LLM initialized successfully.")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Error initializing LLM: {e}")
+            return {"response": f"Error initializing LLM: {str(e)}"}
+
+        chain = prompt | llm
+
+        try:
+            response = chain.invoke({
+                "ontology_results": state.ontology_results
+            })
+
+            logging.info("LLM processing completed successfully.")
+            return {"response": response.content}
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Error processing results with LLM: {e}")
+            return {"response": f"Error processing results: {str(e)}"}
+
+    # Create and configure the graph
+    workflow = StateGraph(GraphState)
+
+    workflow.add_node("input_processor", user_input_node)
+    workflow.add_node("ontology_query", ontology_query_node)
+    workflow.add_node("llm_processing", llm_processing_node)
+
+    workflow.add_edge("input_processor", "ontology_query")
+    workflow.add_edge("ontology_query", "llm_processing")
+
+    workflow.set_entry_point("input_processor")
+
+    logging.info("Agent graph created and configured successfully.")
+
+    return workflow.compile()
+
+def main():
+    """Main function to run the drug interaction analysis."""
+    try:
+        logging.info("Starting Drug Interaction Analysis System.")
+        
+
+        print("Drug Interaction Analysis System")
+        print("Enter drug names separated by commas (e.g., Aspirin, Warfarin):")
+        user_input = input("Drugs: ").strip()
+        
+        if not user_input:
+            logging.warning("No drug names provided. Exiting.")
+            print("No drug names provided. Exiting.")
+            return
+        
+        owl_file_path = os.path.join("ontology", "DrugInteraction.owl")
+        if not os.path.exists(owl_file_path):
+            logging.error(f"Ontology file not found: {owl_file_path}")
+
+            raise FileNotFoundError(f"Ontology file not found: {owl_file_path}")
+        
+        agent_graph = create_agent_graph(owl_file_path)
+        result = agent_graph.invoke(GraphState(input=user_input))
+        
+        print("\nAnalysis Results:")
+        print(result["response"])
+
+        logging.info("Analysis completed and results displayed.")
+        
+    except Exception as e:
+        logging.error(f"An error occurred: {str(e)}")
+        print(f"An error occurred: {str(e)}")
+        print("Please check your input and try again.")
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+

ontology/DrugInteraction.owl

@@ -0,0 +1,399 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<rdf:RDF
+	xmlns="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#"
+	xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
+	xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
+	xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+	xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
+	xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#">
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Ontology"/>
+	<rdfs:comment>
+      Ontology capturing Drug Interactions, Alternatives, Conflicts, and Similarities.
+    </rdfs:comment>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Object Properties -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasAlternative -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasAlternative">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasAlternative</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasConflict -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasConflict">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasConflict</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasInteraction -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasInteraction">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasInteraction</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasSimilarity -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#hasSimilarity">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#ObjectProperty"/>
+	<rdfs:domain rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:range rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>hasSimilarity</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Classes -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#AlternativeDrug -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#AlternativeDrug">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>AlternativeDrug</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Conflict">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Conflict</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:comment>consumables</rdfs:comment>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Drug</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#DrugInteraction -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#DrugInteraction">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>DrugInteraction</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Similarity">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Class"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Similarity</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- #    Individuals -->
+<!-- # -->
+<!-- ################################################################# -->
+<!--  -->
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Alcohol</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Amlodipine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Amlodipine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Amlodipine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Apixaban</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Aspirin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Atorvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Atorvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Atorvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Caffeine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Ciprofloxacin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Clopidogrel -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Clopidogrel">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Clopidogrel</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Empagliflozin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Erythromycin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Esomeprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Fluoxetine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Glucophage</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ibuprofen -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ibuprofen">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Ibuprofen</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Lisinopril -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Lisinopril">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Lisinopril</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Losartan">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Losartan</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metformin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metformin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Empagliflozin"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Ciprofloxacin"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Glucophage"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Metformin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metronidazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Metronidazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Alcohol"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Metronidazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Naproxen">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Naproxen</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Nifedipine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Nifedipine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Omeprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Esomeprazole"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Omeprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Pantoprazole">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Pantoprazole</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Phenelzine -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Phenelzine">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Phenelzine</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Rosuvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Sertraline -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Sertraline">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasSimilarity rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Fluoxetine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Sertraline</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Simvastatin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Simvastatin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Rosuvastatin"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Erythromycin"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Simvastatin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Spironolactone">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Spironolactone</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Theophylline -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Theophylline">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Caffeine"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Theophylline</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Warfarin -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Warfarin">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Drug"/>
+	<hasAlternative rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Apixaban"/>
+	<hasConflict rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables"/>
+	<hasInteraction rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Aspirin"/>
+	<rdfs:label>Warfarin</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#grapefruitJuice">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>GrapefruitJuice</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#greenLeafyVegetables">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>GreenLeafyVegetables</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods -->
+
+<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#tyramineFoods">
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#NamedIndividual"/>
+	<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.example.org/DrugInteraction.owl#Consumable"/>
+	<rdfs:label>TyramineFoods</rdfs:label>
+</rdf:Description>
+<!--  -->
+<!-- Generated by the OWL API (version 4.5.29.2024-05-13T12:11:03Z) https://github.com/owlcs/owlapi -->
+
+</rdf:RDF>

requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+rdflib
+langchain
+python-dotenv
+langchain-community
+langchain-groq
+langgraph
+streamlit