app.R

library(shiny)
library(tidyverse)

data1 <- read.csv("data20-24.csv", header = TRUE, check.names = FALSE, fileEncoding = "UTF-8")

AAaveragePT <- data1 %>%
  mutate(arm_angle = round(arm_angle, digits = 0)) %>%
  group_by(arm_angle, phand, pitch_name) %>%
  summarise(
    AvgIVB = mean(IVB, na.rm = TRUE),
    AvgHB = mean(HB, na.rm = TRUE),
    .groups = 'drop'
  )

break_plot_Szn <- function(game,data1,sdate,edate) {
  game <- game %>% left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name"))
  
  title <- paste0(unique(game$`Pitcher Name`)," ",sdate," to ",edate)
  # Get pitcher's handedness
  pitcher_hand <- unique(game$phand)
  
  angle_degrees <- round(mean(game$arm_angle,na.rm = TRUE),digits = 1)
  # Calculate average movement by arm angle and pitch type from season data
  # AAaveragePT <- data1 %>%
  #   mutate(arm_angle = round(arm_angle, digits = 0)) %>%
  #   group_by(arm_angle, phand, pitch_name) %>%
  #   summarise(
  #     AvgIVB = mean(IVB, na.rm = TRUE),
  #     AvgHB = mean(HB, na.rm = TRUE),
  #     .groups = 'drop'
  #   )
  
  pitch_colors <- c(
    "FF" = "#FF4136",
    "SI" = "#FF851B",
    "FC" = "#FFDC00",
    "CH" = "#2ECC40",
    "SL" = "#0074D9",
    "ST" = "#ED68ED",
    "CU" = "#B10DC9",
    "FS" = "#01FF70",
    "KC" = "#85144b",
    "SV" = "#3D9970",
    "KN" = "#39CCCC",
    "FO" = "#F012BE",
    "EP" = "#AAAAAA",
    "FA" = "#7FDBFF",
    "SC" = "#FF69B4"
  )
  
  # Convert angle to radians
  angle_radians <- angle_degrees * (pi / 180)
  
  # Legend location based on handedness
  if(pitcher_hand == "L") {
    leg <- c(0.08, .22)
    factor <- -1
  } else {
    leg <- c(0.92, .22)
    factor <- 1
  }
  
  # Calculate the endpoint coordinates
  x_end <- 50 * cos(angle_radians) * factor
  y_end <- 50 * sin(angle_radians)
  
  avg_locations <- game %>%
    group_by(pitch_abbr) %>%
    summarize(
      avg_HB = mean(HB, na.rm = TRUE),
      avg_IVB = mean(IVB, na.rm = TRUE)
    )  
  
  # Get unique pitch types from the game data
  game_pitches <- unique(game$pitch_abbr)
  
  # Filter season data for the current arm angle, handedness, and only pitches in the game
  arm_angle_data <- data1 %>%
    filter(abs(round(arm_angle) - angle_degrees) <= 2,
           phand == pitcher_hand) %>%  
    left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name")) %>%
    filter(pitch_abbr %in% game_pitches)
  
  ggplot(game, aes(x = HB, y = IVB)) +
    # Base layers
    geom_vline(xintercept = 0, color = "lightblue", linewidth = 1, linetype = 4) +
    geom_hline(yintercept = 0, color = "lightblue", linewidth = 1, linetype = 4) +
    
    # Add ellipses from season data for this arm angle
    stat_ellipse(
      data = arm_angle_data,
      aes(x = HB, y = IVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
      geom = "polygon",
      alpha = 0.2,
      level = 0.68,
      show.legend = FALSE
    ) +
    
    # Individual pitch points from the game
    # geom_point(aes(fill = pitch_abbr), color = "#c6c6c6", size = 3, stroke = .5, shape = 21) +
    
    # # Average location points from season data
    # geom_point(
    #   data = AAaveragePT %>% 
    #     filter(arm_angle == angle_degrees,
    #            phand == pitcher_hand) %>%
    #     left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name")) %>%
    #     filter(pitch_abbr %in% game_pitches),
    #   aes(x = AvgHB, y = AvgIVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
    #   color = "black",
    #   size = 6,
    #   stroke = .5,
    #   shape = 21
    # ) +
    geom_point(data = avg_locations, aes(x = avg_HB, y = avg_IVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
               color = "black", size = 6, stroke = .5, shape = 21) +
    # Arm angle line
    geom_segment(x = 0, y = 0, xend = x_end, yend = y_end, color = "red", linewidth = 1, linetype = 5) +
    
    # Aesthetics
    scale_fill_manual(values = pitch_colors) +
    scale_color_manual(values = pitch_colors) +
    labs(
      x = "Horizontal Break (in)",
      y = "Induced Vertical Break (in)", 
      title = title,
      subtitle = paste0("Arm Angle: ", angle_degrees, "\u00b0"),
      caption = "Data: MLB | Viz: @TimStats\nEllipses show 1σ of movement for same-handed pitchers at similar arm angles"
    ) +
    xlim(-25, 25) +
    ylim(-25, 25) +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(
      legend.position = leg,
      plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, face = "bold", color = "white"),
      plot.subtitle = element_text(hjust = 0.5, face = "italic", color = "white"),
      aspect.ratio = 1,
      plot.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333", color = NA),
      panel.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333", color = NA),
      axis.text = element_text(color = "white"),
      axis.title = element_text(color = "white"),
      legend.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333"),
      legend.text = element_text(color = "white"),
      legend.title = element_blank(),
      plot.margin = margin(10, 5, 10, 5),
      axis.line = element_blank(),
      axis.ticks = element_line(color = "white"),
      panel.grid = element_blank(),
      legend.key = element_blank(),
      plot.caption = element_text(
        color = "white",
        hjust = 0.5
      ),
      panel.border = element_blank()
    )
}
break_plot_tot <- function(game,data1,sdate,edate) {
  game <- game %>% left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name"))
  title <- paste0(unique(game$`Pitcher Name`)," ",sdate," to ",edate)
  # Get pitcher's handedness
  pitcher_hand <- unique(game$phand)
  
  angle_degrees <- round(mean(game$arm_angle,na.rm = TRUE),digits = 1)
  # Calculate average movement by arm angle and pitch type from season data
  # AAaveragePT <- data1 %>%
  #   mutate(arm_angle = round(arm_angle, digits = 0)) %>%
  #   group_by(arm_angle, phand, pitch_name) %>%
  #   summarise(
  #     AvgIVB = mean(IVB, na.rm = TRUE),
  #     AvgHB = mean(HB, na.rm = TRUE),
  #     .groups = 'drop'
  #   )
  
  pitch_colors <- c(
    "FF" = "#FF4136",
    "SI" = "#FF851B",
    "FC" = "#FFDC00",
    "CH" = "#2ECC40",
    "SL" = "#0074D9",
    "ST" = "#ED68ED",
    "CU" = "#B10DC9",
    "FS" = "#01FF70",
    "KC" = "#85144b",
    "SV" = "#3D9970",
    "KN" = "#39CCCC",
    "FO" = "#F012BE",
    "EP" = "#AAAAAA",
    "FA" = "#7FDBFF",
    "SC" = "#FF69B4"
  )
  
  # Convert angle to radians
  angle_radians <- angle_degrees * (pi / 180)
  
  # Legend location based on handedness
  if(pitcher_hand == "L") {
    leg <- c(0.08, .22)
    factor <- -1
  } else {
    leg <- c(0.92, .22)
    factor <- 1
  }
  
  # Calculate the endpoint coordinates
  x_end <- 50 * cos(angle_radians) * factor
  y_end <- 50 * sin(angle_radians)
  
  avg_locations <- game %>%
    group_by(pitch_abbr) %>%
    summarize(
      avg_HB = mean(HB, na.rm = TRUE),
      avg_IVB = mean(IVB, na.rm = TRUE)
    )  
  
  # Get unique pitch types from the game data
  game_pitches <- unique(game$pitch_abbr)
  
  # Filter season data for the current arm angle, handedness, and only pitches in the game
  arm_angle_data <- data1 %>%
    filter(abs(round(arm_angle) - angle_degrees) <= 2,
           phand == pitcher_hand) %>%  
    left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name")) %>%
    filter(pitch_abbr %in% game_pitches)
  
  ggplot(game, aes(x = HB, y = IVB)) +
    # Base layers
    geom_vline(xintercept = 0, color = "lightblue", linewidth = 1, linetype = 4) +
    geom_hline(yintercept = 0, color = "lightblue", linewidth = 1, linetype = 4) +
    
    # Add ellipses from season data for this arm angle
    stat_ellipse(
      data = arm_angle_data,
      aes(x = HB, y = IVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
      geom = "polygon",
      alpha = 0.2,
      level = 0.68,
      show.legend = FALSE
    ) +
    
    # Individual pitch points from the game
    geom_point(aes(fill = pitch_abbr), color = "#c6c6c6", size = 3, stroke = .5, shape = 21) +
    
    # # Average location points from season data
    # geom_point(
    #   data = AAaveragePT %>% 
    #     filter(arm_angle == angle_degrees,
    #            phand == pitcher_hand) %>%
    #     left_join(pitch_type_lookup, by = c("pitch_name")) %>%
    #     filter(pitch_abbr %in% game_pitches),
    #   aes(x = AvgHB, y = AvgIVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
    #   color = "black",
    #   size = 6,
    #   stroke = .5,
    #   shape = 21
    # ) +
    geom_point(data = avg_locations, aes(x = avg_HB, y = avg_IVB, fill = pitch_abbr),
               color = "black", size = 6, stroke = .5, shape = 21) +
    # Arm angle line
    geom_segment(x = 0, y = 0, xend = x_end, yend = y_end, color = "red", linewidth = 1, linetype = 5) +
    
    # Aesthetics
    scale_fill_manual(values = pitch_colors) +
    scale_color_manual(values = pitch_colors) +
    labs(
      x = "Horizontal Break (in)",
      y = "Induced Vertical Break (in)", 
      title = title,
      subtitle = paste0("Arm Angle: ", angle_degrees, "\u00b0"),
      caption = "Data: MLB | Viz: @TimStats\nEllipses show 1σ of movement for same-handed pitchers at similar arm angles"
    ) +
    xlim(-25, 25) +
    ylim(-25, 25) +
    theme_minimal() +
    theme(
      legend.position = leg,
      plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5, face = "bold", color = "white"),
      plot.subtitle = element_text(hjust = 0.5, face = "italic", color = "white"),
      aspect.ratio = 1,
      plot.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333", color = NA),
      panel.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333", color = NA),
      axis.text = element_text(color = "white"),
      axis.title = element_text(color = "white"),
      legend.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333"),
      legend.text = element_text(color = "white"),
      legend.title = element_blank(),
      plot.margin = margin(10, 5, 10, 5),
      axis.line = element_blank(),
      axis.ticks = element_line(color = "white"),
      panel.grid = element_blank(),
      legend.key = element_blank(),
      plot.caption = element_text(
        color = "white",
        hjust = 0.5
      ),
      panel.border = element_blank()
    )
}

ui <- fluidPage(
  # Application title
  titlePanel("2020-2024 MLB Pitch Plots"),

  sidebarLayout(
    sidebarPanel(
      width = 3,  
      selectInput("player", "Select Player:", choices = unique(data1$`Pitcher Name`),
                  width = "100%"),  
      dateRangeInput("date1", "Date Range:", 
                     start = "2024-02-09", 
                     end = "2024-09-05",
                     width = "100%"),  
      radioButtons("type", "Plot Type", 
                   choices = c("Season Average","All Pitches")),
      actionButton("submit", "Update Plot", 
                   class = "btn btn-primary btn-block",  
                   style = "margin-bottom: 10px"), 
      downloadButton("download", "Download Plot", 
                     class = "btn btn-success btn-block") 
    ),
    

    mainPanel(
      width = 9, 
      plotOutput("Plot")
    )
  )
)

# Define server
server <- function(input, output) {
  filtered_data <- eventReactive(input$submit, {
    data1 %>%
      filter(`Pitcher Name` == input$player,
             between(as.Date(date), input$date1[1], input$date1[2]))
  })
  
  current_plot <- reactive({
    game <- filtered_data()
    season_data <- data1
    
    if(nrow(game) == 0) {
      return(ggplot() + 
               annotate("text", x = 0.5, y = 0.5, 
                        label = "No data available for selected date range", 
                        color = "white") +
               theme_void() +
               theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = "#333333", color = NA)))
    }
    
    if(input$type == "Season Average"){
      break_plot_Szn(game, season_data, input$date1[1], input$date1[2])
    } else{
      break_plot_tot(game, season_data, input$date1[1], input$date1[2])
    }
  })
  
  output$Plot <- renderPlot({
    current_plot()
  }, width = 1000, height = 1000)
  
  output$download <- downloadHandler(
    filename = function() {
      
      paste0(
        gsub(" ", "_", input$player), "_",
        format(input$date1[1], "%Y%m%d"), "_to_",
        format(input$date1[2], "%Y%m%d"), ".png"
      )
    },
    content = function(file) {

      ggsave(file,
             plot = current_plot(),
             width = 7,
             height = 7,
             dpi = 300,
             bg = "#333333") 
    }
  )
}

# Run the application 
shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)