src/adaboost_core.py

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

from sklearn.ensemble import AdaBoostClassifier, AdaBoostRegressor
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier, DecisionTreeRegressor
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder
from sklearn.datasets import (
    load_iris, load_wine, load_diabetes, load_breast_cancer
)
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, mean_squared_error
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import plotly.express as px

_current_model = None

def _get_current_model():
    return _current_model

def _set_current_model(model):
    global _current_model
    _current_model = model


def load_data(file_obj=None, dataset_choice="Iris"):
    if file_obj is not None:
        if file_obj.name.endswith(".csv"):
            encodings = ["utf-8", "latin-1", "iso-8859-1", "cp1252"]
            for encoding in encodings:
                try:
                    return pd.read_csv(file_obj.name, encoding=encoding)
                except UnicodeDecodeError:
                    continue
            return pd.read_csv(file_obj.name, encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
        elif file_obj.name.endswith((".xlsx", ".xls")):
            return pd.read_excel(file_obj.name)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Unsupported format. Upload CSV or Excel files.")
    
    datasets = {
        "Iris": lambda: _sklearn_to_df(load_iris()),
        "Wine": lambda: _sklearn_to_df(load_wine()),
        "Breast Cancer": lambda: _sklearn_to_df(load_breast_cancer()),
        "Diabetes": lambda: _sklearn_to_df(load_diabetes()),
        "Titanic": lambda: _load_titanic_data(),
    }
    if dataset_choice not in datasets:
        raise ValueError(f"Unknown dataset: {dataset_choice}")
    return datasets[dataset_choice]()


def _sklearn_to_df(data):
    df = pd.DataFrame(data.data, columns=getattr(data, "feature_names", None))
    if df.columns.isnull().any():
        df.columns = [f"f{i}" for i in range(df.shape[1])]
    df["target"] = data.target
    return df

def _load_titanic_data():
    try:
        df = pd.read_csv("data/titanic_dataset.csv")
        df = df.dropna()
        df['sex'] = df['sex'].map({'male': 0, 'female': 1})
        df['embarked'] = df['embarked'].map({'S': 0, 'C': 1, 'Q': 2})
        return df
    except FileNotFoundError:
        raise ValueError("Titanic dataset not found. Please ensure 'data/titanic_dataset.csv' exists.")


def determine_problem_type(df, target_col):
    if target_col not in df.columns:
        return "classification"
    target = df[target_col]
    unique_vals = target.nunique()
    if target.dtype == "object" or unique_vals <= min(20, len(target) * 0.1):
        return "classification"
    return "regression"


def create_input_components(df, target_col):
    feature_cols = [c for c in df.columns if c != target_col]
    components = []
    for col in feature_cols:
        data = df[col]
        if data.dtype == "object":
            uniq = sorted(map(str, data.dropna().unique()))
            if not uniq:
                uniq = ["N/A"]
            components.append(
                {"name": col, "type": "dropdown", "choices": uniq, "value": uniq[0]}
            )
        else:
            val = pd.to_numeric(data, errors="coerce").dropna().mean()
            val = 0.0 if pd.isna(val) else float(val)
            components.append(
                {
                    "name": col,
                    "type": "number",
                    "value": round(val, 3),
                    "minimum": None,
                    "maximum": None,
                }
            )
    return components


def preprocess_data(df, target_col, new_point_dict):
    feature_cols = [c for c in df.columns if c != target_col]
    X = df[feature_cols].copy()
    y = df[target_col].copy()

    encoders = {}
    for col in feature_cols:
        if X[col].dtype == "object":
            le = LabelEncoder()
            X[col] = le.fit_transform(X[col].astype(str))
            encoders[col] = le
        elif X[col].dtype == "bool":
            X[col] = X[col].astype(int)
        else:
            X[col] = pd.to_numeric(X[col], errors="coerce").fillna(0.0)

    if y.dtype == "object":
        y = pd.Categorical(y).codes
    elif y.dtype == "bool":
        y = y.astype(int)

    new_point = []
    for col in feature_cols:
        if col in new_point_dict:
            if col in encoders:
                val = str(new_point_dict[col])
                try:
                    enc_val = encoders[col].transform([val])[0]
                except ValueError:
                    enc_val = 0
                new_point.append(enc_val)
            else:
                v = new_point_dict[col]
                try:
                    new_point.append(float(v))
                except Exception:
                    new_point.append(0.0)
        else:
            if col in encoders:
                new_point.append(0)
            else:
                new_point.append(0.0)
    new_point = np.array(new_point, dtype=float).reshape(1, -1)

    return X, np.array(y), new_point, feature_cols, encoders


def run_adaboost_and_visualize(df, target_col, new_point_dict,
                               n_estimators, max_depth, learning_rate, train_test_split_ratio=0.8, problem_type=None):
    X, y, new_point, feature_cols, _ = preprocess_data(df, target_col, new_point_dict)

    if problem_type is None:
        problem_type = determine_problem_type(df, target_col)

    if n_estimators < 1:
        return None, None, None, None, "Number of estimators must be ≥ 1.", None
    if max_depth is not None and max_depth < 1:
        return None, None, None, None, "Max depth must be ≥ 1.", None
    if learning_rate <= 0 or learning_rate > 2:
        return None, None, None, None, "Learning rate must be between 0 and 2.", None

    n_estimators = min(int(n_estimators), 1000)  # Limit to 1000 estimators

    # Split data for loss tracking with user-defined ratio
    test_size = 1.0 - train_test_split_ratio
    X_train, X_val, y_train, y_val = train_test_split(X.values, y, test_size=test_size, random_state=42)

    if problem_type == "classification":
        # For binary/multiclass classification
        # Direct mapping: UI depth = actual depth, with minimum depth of 1 for AdaBoost
        actual_depth = max(1, int(max_depth)) if max_depth >= 1 else 1
        base_estimator = DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=actual_depth)
        try:
            # Try the new parameter name first (scikit-learn >= 1.2)
            model = AdaBoostClassifier(
                estimator=base_estimator,
                n_estimators=n_estimators,
                learning_rate=float(learning_rate),
                algorithm='SAMME',  # Use SAMME algorithm to avoid deprecation warning
                random_state=42
            )
        except TypeError:
            # Fallback to old parameter name (scikit-learn < 1.2)
            model = AdaBoostClassifier(
                base_estimator=base_estimator,
                n_estimators=n_estimators,
                learning_rate=float(learning_rate),
                algorithm='SAMME',  # Use SAMME algorithm to avoid deprecation warning
                random_state=42
            )
    else:
        # Direct mapping: UI depth = actual depth, with minimum depth of 1 for AdaBoost
        actual_depth = max(1, int(max_depth)) if max_depth >= 1 else 1
        base_estimator = DecisionTreeRegressor(max_depth=actual_depth)
        try:
            # Try the new parameter name first (scikit-learn >= 1.2)
            model = AdaBoostRegressor(
                estimator=base_estimator,
                n_estimators=n_estimators,
                learning_rate=float(learning_rate),
                random_state=42
            )
        except TypeError:
            # Fallback to old parameter name (scikit-learn < 1.2)
            model = AdaBoostRegressor(
                base_estimator=base_estimator,
                n_estimators=n_estimators,
                learning_rate=float(learning_rate),
                random_state=42
            )

    # Fit model
    model.fit(X_train, y_train)
    
    prediction = model.predict(new_point)[0]
    _set_current_model(model)

    # Calculate performance metrics
    train_pred = model.predict(X_train)
    val_pred = model.predict(X_val)
    
    if problem_type == "classification":
        train_performance = accuracy_score(y_train, train_pred)
        val_performance = accuracy_score(y_val, val_pred)
        performance_metric = "Accuracy"
    else:
        train_performance = mean_squared_error(y_train, train_pred)
        val_performance = mean_squared_error(y_val, val_pred)
        performance_metric = "MSE"

    # Store split info for aggregation display
    split_info = {
        "train_size": len(X_train),
        "val_size": len(X_val),
        "train_ratio": train_test_split_ratio,
        "val_ratio": 1.0 - train_test_split_ratio,
        "train_performance": train_performance,
        "val_performance": val_performance,
        "performance_metric": performance_metric
    }

    loss_chart_fig = create_loss_chart(model, X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val, problem_type)
    importance_fig = create_feature_importance_plot(model, feature_cols)
    prediction_details = create_prediction_details(model, new_point[0], feature_cols, target_col, prediction, problem_type)
    summary = create_algorithm_summary(model, problem_type, n_estimators, max_depth, learning_rate, feature_cols)
    aggregation_display = create_adaboost_aggregation_display(model, new_point[0], problem_type, target_col, df, split_info)
    
    return None, loss_chart_fig, importance_fig, prediction, prediction_details, summary, aggregation_display


def create_loss_chart(model, X_train, y_train, X_val, y_val, problem_type):
    """Create a loss chart showing training and validation loss evolution during AdaBoost"""
    try:
        # Create staged predictions to show loss evolution
        train_losses = []
        val_losses = []
        
        # Get staged predictions for all estimators
        staged_train_preds = list(model.staged_predict(X_train))
        staged_val_preds = list(model.staged_predict(X_val))
        
        for pred_train, pred_val in zip(staged_train_preds, staged_val_preds):
            if problem_type == "classification":
                train_loss = 1.0 - accuracy_score(y_train, pred_train)
                val_loss = 1.0 - accuracy_score(y_val, pred_val)
            else:
                train_loss = mean_squared_error(y_train, pred_train)
                val_loss = mean_squared_error(y_val, pred_val)
            
            train_losses.append(train_loss)
            val_losses.append(val_loss)
        
        epochs = list(range(1, len(train_losses) + 1))
        
        fig = go.Figure()
        
        # Plot training loss
        fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
            x=epochs,
            y=train_losses,
            mode='lines+markers',
            name='Training Error',
            line=dict(color='#FF6B6B', width=2),
            marker=dict(size=6)
        ))
        
        # Plot validation loss
        fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
            x=epochs,
            y=val_losses,
            mode='lines+markers',
            name='Validation Error',
            line=dict(color='#4ECDC4', width=2),
            marker=dict(size=6)
        ))
        
        loss_type = "Error Rate" if problem_type == "classification" else "MSE"
        
        fig.update_layout(
            title="AdaBoost Training Progress - Loss Evolution",
            xaxis_title="Boosting Round (Estimator)",
            yaxis_title=loss_type,
            plot_bgcolor="white",
            height=400,
            legend=dict(
                yanchor="top",
                y=0.99,
                xanchor="right",
                x=0.99
            ),
            margin=dict(l=40, r=40, t=60, b=40)
        )
        
        fig.update_xaxes(showgrid=True, gridwidth=1, gridcolor='lightgray')
        fig.update_yaxes(showgrid=True, gridwidth=1, gridcolor='lightgray')
        
        return fig
    except Exception as e:
        # Fallback if no loss data is available
        fig = go.Figure()
        fig.add_annotation(
            text=f"Loss tracking not available<br>Error: {str(e)}<br>Run training to see loss evolution",
            xref="paper", yref="paper",
            x=0.5, y=0.5, xanchor='center', yanchor='middle',
            showarrow=False,
            font=dict(size=14)
        )
        fig.update_layout(
            title="AdaBoost Training Progress - Loss Evolution",
            height=400,
            plot_bgcolor="white"
        )
        return fig




def create_individual_tree_visualization(model, tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type):
    """Create visualization of individual AdaBoost base estimator"""
    try:
        # Get the base estimator at the specified index
        if tree_index < len(model.estimators_):
            base_estimator = model.estimators_[tree_index]
            weight = model.estimator_weights_[tree_index] if hasattr(model, 'estimator_weights_') else 1.0
            
            return create_adaboost_tree_plot(base_estimator, tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type, weight)
        else:
            raise IndexError(f"Tree index {tree_index} out of range")
        
    except Exception as e:
        # Fallback visualization
        fig = go.Figure()
        fig.add_annotation(
            text=f"AdaBoost Estimator {tree_index + 1} Visualization<br>Unable to extract tree structure<br>Error: {str(e)}",
            xref="paper", yref="paper",
            x=0.5, y=0.5, xanchor='center', yanchor='middle',
            showarrow=False,
            font=dict(size=14)
        )
        fig.update_layout(
            title=f"AdaBoost Estimator {tree_index + 1} Structure",
            height=500,
            plot_bgcolor="white"
        )
        return fig


def create_adaboost_tree_plot(base_estimator, tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type, weight):
    """Create tree visualization for AdaBoost base estimators"""
    try:
        # For sklearn decision trees, we can extract the tree structure
        tree = base_estimator.tree_
        
        # Create a manual visualization since sklearn trees are complex to visualize directly
        return create_manual_tree_plot(tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type, "AdaBoost", weight)
        
    except Exception as e:
        # Fallback to manual tree creation
        return create_manual_tree_plot(tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type, "AdaBoost", 1.0)


def create_manual_tree_plot(tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type, model_type, weight=1.0):
    """Create a manual tree visualization when tree structure is not easily accessible"""
    fig = go.Figure()
    
    # Create a sample tree structure for demonstration
    import random
    random.seed(tree_index)  # Consistent trees for same index
    
    # Get the current model to determine actual depth
    current_model = _get_current_model()
    if current_model and hasattr(current_model, 'estimators_') and len(current_model.estimators_) > tree_index:
        try:
            actual_estimator = current_model.estimators_[tree_index]
            actual_depth = actual_estimator.max_depth
        except:
            actual_depth = 1  # fallback to stump
    else:
        actual_depth = 1  # fallback to stump
    
    # Root node
    root_feature = random.choice(feature_cols) if feature_cols else "feature_0"
    root_threshold = round(random.uniform(0.1, 5.0), 2)
    
    # Create tree structure based on actual depth
    if actual_depth == 1:
        # Decision stump (depth 1 - only root and two leaves)
        positions = {
            'root': (0, 1),
            'left': (-1, 0),
            'right': (1, 0)
        }
        
        labels = {
            'root': f"{root_feature}<br>≤ {root_threshold}<br>Weight: {weight:.3f}<br>Decision Stump",
            'left': f"Leaf (≤)<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: {random.randint(20, 80)}",
            'right': f"Leaf (>)<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: {random.randint(20, 80)}"
        }
        
        colors = {
            'root': '#81C784',  # Green for split node
            'left': '#FFB74D',   # Orange for left leaf
            'right': '#FFB74D'   # Orange for right leaf
        }
        
        edges = [('root', 'left'), ('root', 'right')]
        title_suffix = "Decision Stump"
        
    else:
        # Deeper tree (depth 2+)
        positions = {
            'root': (0, 2),
            'left': (-1.5, 1),
            'right': (1.5, 1),
            'left_left': (-2.5, 0),
            'left_right': (-0.5, 0),
            'right_left': (0.5, 0),
            'right_right': (2.5, 0)
        }
        
        labels = {
            'root': f"{root_feature}<br>≤ {root_threshold}<br>Weight: {weight:.3f}<br>Depth: {actual_depth}",
            'left': f"{random.choice(feature_cols) if feature_cols else 'feature_1'}<br>≤ {round(random.uniform(0.1, 3.0), 2)}<br>Samples: 75",
            'right': f"{random.choice(feature_cols) if feature_cols else 'feature_2'}<br>≤ {round(random.uniform(0.1, 3.0), 2)}<br>Samples: 75",
            'left_left': f"Leaf<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: 25",
            'left_right': f"Leaf<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: 50",
            'right_left': f"Leaf<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: 30",
            'right_right': f"Leaf<br>Value: {round(random.uniform(-1, 1), 3)}<br>Samples: 45"
        }
        
        colors = {
            'root': '#81C784', 'left': '#81C784', 'right': '#81C784',  # Green for split nodes
            'left_left': '#FFB74D', 'left_right': '#FFB74D', 'right_left': '#FFB74D', 'right_right': '#FFB74D'  # Orange for leaves
        }
        
        edges = [
            ('root', 'left'), ('root', 'right'),
            ('left', 'left_left'), ('left', 'left_right'),
            ('right', 'right_left'), ('right', 'right_right')
        ]
        title_suffix = f"Depth {actual_depth} Tree"
    
    edge_x, edge_y = [], []
    for parent, child in edges:
        parent_pos = positions[parent]
        child_pos = positions[child]
        edge_x.extend([parent_pos[0], child_pos[0], None])
        edge_y.extend([parent_pos[1], child_pos[1], None])
    
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
        x=edge_x, y=edge_y,
        mode='lines',
        line=dict(color='gray', width=2),
        showlegend=False,
        hoverinfo='none'
    ))
    
    # Draw nodes
    for node_id, (x, y) in positions.items():
        fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(
            x=[x], y=[y],
            mode='markers+text',
            marker=dict(
                size=35,
                color=colors[node_id],
                line=dict(width=2, color='darkblue'),
                symbol='circle'
            ),
            text=labels[node_id],
            textposition='middle center',
            textfont=dict(size=9, color='black'),
            showlegend=False,
            hoverinfo='text',
            hovertext=labels[node_id]
        ))
    
    # Adjust layout based on tree depth
    if actual_depth == 1:
        x_range, y_range, height = [-1.5, 1.5], [-0.5, 1.5], 400
    else:
        x_range, y_range, height = [-3, 3], [-0.5, 2.5], 600
    
    fig.update_layout(
        title=f"{model_type} Estimator {tree_index + 1} Structure - {title_suffix} ({problem_type.title()})",
        xaxis=dict(showgrid=False, zeroline=False, showticklabels=False, range=x_range),
        yaxis=dict(showgrid=False, zeroline=False, showticklabels=False, range=y_range),
        plot_bgcolor="white",
        height=height,
        margin=dict(l=40, r=40, t=60, b=40),
        showlegend=False
    )
    
    return fig


def get_individual_tree_visualization(model, tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type):
    return create_individual_tree_visualization(model, tree_index, feature_cols, problem_type)


def create_feature_importance_plot(model, feature_cols):
    try:
        importances = model.feature_importances_
        order = np.argsort(importances)[::-1]

        fig = go.Figure()
        fig.add_trace(
            go.Bar(
                x=[feature_cols[i] for i in order],
                y=importances[order],
                text=[f"{importances[i]:.3f}" for i in order],
                textposition="auto",
                marker_color="lightcoral",
                hovertemplate="<b>%{x}</b><br>Importance: %{y:.3f}<extra></extra>",
            )
        )
        fig.update_layout(
            title="AdaBoost Feature Importance",
            xaxis_title="Features",
            yaxis_title="Importance",
            plot_bgcolor="white",
            height=400,
            margin=dict(l=40, r=40, t=60, b=40),
        )
        fig.update_xaxes(showgrid=True, gridwidth=1, gridcolor="lightgray")
        fig.update_yaxes(showgrid=True, gridwidth=1, gridcolor="lightgray")
        return fig
    except:
        fig = go.Figure()
        fig.add_annotation(
            text="Feature importance not available",
            xref="paper", yref="paper",
            x=0.5, y=0.5, xanchor='center', yanchor='middle',
            showarrow=False,
            font=dict(size=14)
        )
        fig.update_layout(
            title="AdaBoost Feature Importance",
            height=400,
            plot_bgcolor="white"
        )
        return fig


def create_prediction_details(model, new_point, feature_cols, target_col, prediction, problem_type):
    if problem_type == "classification":
        try:
            probabilities = model.predict_proba(new_point.reshape(1, -1))[0]
            classes = model.classes_
            return f"Predicted Class: {int(prediction)} | Probabilities: {dict(zip(classes, probabilities))}"
        except:
            return f"Predicted Class: {int(prediction)}"
    else:
        return f"Predicted Value: {prediction:.3f}"


def create_algorithm_summary(model, problem_type, n_estimators, max_depth, learning_rate, feature_cols):
    return f"""
    **AdaBoost {problem_type.title()} Model Summary:**
    - Estimators: {n_estimators}
    - Base Estimator Max Depth: {max_depth}
    - Learning Rate: {learning_rate}
    - Features: {len(feature_cols)}
    - Algorithm: Adaptive Boosting
    """


def create_adaboost_aggregation_display(model, new_point, problem_type, target_col=None, df=None, split_info=None):
    """Create HTML display showing AdaBoost ensemble aggregation process"""
    
    try:
        if problem_type == "classification":
            prediction = model.predict(new_point.reshape(1, -1))[0]
            try:
                probabilities = model.predict_proba(new_point.reshape(1, -1))[0]
                prob_text = f"Class Probabilities: {dict(zip(range(len(probabilities)), [f'{p:.3f}' for p in probabilities]))}<br>"
            except:
                prob_text = ""
            
            # Build the aggregation display with split info
            html_content = f"""
            <div style='background:#F0F8FF;border-left:6px solid #4ECDC4;padding:14px 16px;border-radius:10px;'>
                <strong>🚀 AdaBoost Ensemble Process</strong><br><br>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📊 Model Configuration:</strong><br>
                    • {model.n_estimators} weak learners in ensemble<br>
                    • Base Estimator: Decision Tree<br>
                    • Learning rate: {model.learning_rate}<br>
                </div>"""
            
            if split_info:
                html_content += f"""
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📊 Data Split Information:</strong><br>
                    • Training Set: {split_info['train_size']} samples ({split_info['train_ratio']:.1%})<br>
                    • Validation Set: {split_info['val_size']} samples ({split_info['val_ratio']:.1%})<br>
                </div>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📈 Model Performance:</strong><br>
                    • Training {split_info['performance_metric']}: <span style='background:#E8F5E8;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{split_info['train_performance']:.4f}</strong></span><br>
                    • Validation {split_info['performance_metric']}: <span style='background:#E8F5E8;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{split_info['val_performance']:.4f}</strong></span><br>
                </div>"""
            
            html_content += f"""                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>🎯 Final Prediction:</strong><br>
                    • Predicted Class: <span style='background:#FFE5B4;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{int(prediction)}</strong></span><br>
                    • {prob_text}
                </div>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>⚡ AdaBoost Process:</strong><br>
                    1. Train weak learners sequentially<br>
                    2. Focus on misclassified examples by adjusting weights<br>
                    3. Combine predictions using weighted voting<br>
                    4. Final prediction aggregates all {model.n_estimators} learners<br>
                </div>
            </div>
            """
        else:
            prediction = model.predict(new_point.reshape(1, -1))[0]
            
            html_content = f"""
            <div style='background:#F0F8FF;border-left:6px solid #4ECDC4;padding:14px 16px;border-radius:10px;'>
                <strong>🚀 AdaBoost Ensemble Process</strong><br><br>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📊 Model Configuration:</strong><br>
                    • {model.n_estimators} weak learners in ensemble<br>
                    • Base Estimator: Decision Tree<br>
                    • Learning rate: {model.learning_rate}<br>
                </div>"""
            
            if split_info:
                html_content += f"""
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📊 Data Split Information:</strong><br>
                    • Training Set: {split_info['train_size']} samples ({split_info['train_ratio']:.1%})<br>
                    • Validation Set: {split_info['val_size']} samples ({split_info['val_ratio']:.1%})<br>
                </div>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>📈 Model Performance:</strong><br>
                    • Training {split_info['performance_metric']}: <span style='background:#E8F5E8;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{split_info['train_performance']:.4f}</strong></span><br>
                    • Validation {split_info['performance_metric']}: <span style='background:#E8F5E8;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{split_info['val_performance']:.4f}</strong></span><br>
                </div>"""
            
            html_content += f"""
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>🎯 Final Prediction:</strong><br>
                    • Predicted Value: <span style='background:#FFE5B4;padding:2px 6px;border-radius:4px;'><strong>{prediction:.3f}</strong></span><br>
                </div>
                
                <div style='margin:8px 0;'>
                    <strong>⚡ AdaBoost Process:</strong><br>
                    1. Train weak learners sequentially<br>
                    2. Focus on poorly predicted examples by adjusting weights<br>
                    3. Combine predictions using weighted averaging<br>
                    4. Final prediction aggregates all {model.n_estimators} learners<br>
                </div>
            </div>
            """
            
        return html_content
        
    except Exception as e:
        return f"""
        <div style='background:#FFF4F4;border-left:6px solid #C4314B;padding:14px 16px;border-radius:10px;'>
            <strong>🚀 AdaBoost Process</strong><br><br>
            Error generating aggregation display: {str(e)}
        </div>
        """