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| 1 |
+
# MVMยฒ: MVMยฒ - Multi-Modal Multi-Model Mathematical Reasoning Verification System
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| 2 |
+
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| 3 |
+
**VNR VJIET Major Project 2025**
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| 4 |
+
**Team:** Brahma Teja, Vinith Kulkarni, Varshith Dharmaj V, Bhavitha Yaragorla
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+
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+

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| 7 |
+

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+

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+

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---
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| 12 |
+
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| 13 |
+
## ๐ Problem Statement
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| 14 |
+
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+
Validating mathematical reasoning generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) is critical but challenging, especially when inputs are multimodal (images of handwritten or printed text).
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| 16 |
+
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+
**Key Challenges:**
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| 18 |
+
1. **Hallucinations:** LLMs often generate plausible-sounding but logically flawed steps.
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| 19 |
+
2. **OCR Noise:** Extracting math from images introduces errors (e.g., confusing '5' with 'S' or missing integrals) that downstream verifiers blindly accept.
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3. **Lack of Formal Uncertainty:** Existing systems do not account for OCR confidence when making final validity judgments.
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| 21 |
+
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+
**MVMยฒ Solution:** A unified pipeline that combines **OCR with formal uncertainty propagation**, **symbolic verification (SymPy)**, and **multi-agent LLM consensus** to robustly verify mathematical solutions.
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| 23 |
+
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---
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+
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+
## ๐๏ธ System Architecture
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The system follows a modular service-oriented architecture located in the `backend/` directory:
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| Service | Responsibility |
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|---|---|
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| **1. Input Receiver** | (`backend/input_receiver.py`) Validates text/image inputs via Pydantic models. |
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| 33 |
+
| **2. Preprocessing** | (`backend/preprocessing_service.py`) cleans images using OpenCV (denoising, binarization). |
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| 34 |
+
| **3. OCR Service** | (`backend/ocr_service.py`) Hybrid engine combining Tesseract and specialized Handwritten models. **Calculates OCR Confidence ($C_{ocr}$).** |
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| 35 |
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| **4. Representation** | (`backend/representation_service.py`) Normalizes inputs into a canonical LaTeX-like Intermediate Representation (IR). |
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| 36 |
+
| **5. Verification** | (`backend/verification_service.py`) Orchestrates **SymPy** for arithmetic checks and **Multi-Agent LLMs** (Solver, Critic, Verifier) for logic. |
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| 37 |
+
| **6. Classification** | (`backend/classifier_service.py`) Aggregates scores using the **MVMยฒ Hybrid Formula**. |
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| 38 |
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| **7. Reporting** | (`backend/reporting_service.py`) Generates detailed JSON/HTML reports for the user. |
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---
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## โญ Key Innovations
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### 1. OCR-Aware Confidence Propagation
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Unlike standard pipelines that treat OCR text as ground truth, MVMยฒ formally propagates visual uncertainty into the final confidence score ($C_{final}$).
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$$
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C_{final} = S_{weighted} \times (0.9 + 0.1 \times C_{ocr})
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| 49 |
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$$
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This ensures that a verification result is heavily penalized if the input image was ambiguous, preventing false positives on noisy data.
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| 53 |
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### 2. Step-Level Multi-Agent Consensus
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| 54 |
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We deploy a **Multi-Agent System** (Solver, Critic, Verifier) to analyze solution steps. We compute a **Hallucination Rate** by checking consensus across agents for each step.
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- **Agreement:** +Confidence
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- **Disagreement:** Flags potential hallucination
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### 3. Hybrid Scoring Mechanism
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The final validity score ($S_{weighted}$) is a weighted ensemble of three distinct signals:
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- **Symbolic Score ($\alpha=0.40$):** SymPy's formal verification of arithmetic.
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- **Logical Score ($\beta=0.35$):** LLM consensus on reasoning flow.
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- **Classifier Score ($\gamma=0.25$):** Rule-based patterns (e.g., detecting uncertainty keywords).
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$$
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S_{weighted} = 0.40 \cdot S_{sym} + 0.35 \cdot S_{log} + 0.25 \cdot S_{clf}
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$$
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---
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| 69 |
+
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| 70 |
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## ๐ Getting Started
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| 71 |
+
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| 72 |
+
### Prerequisites
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| 73 |
+
- Python 3.10+
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| 74 |
+
- Tesseract OCR installed ([Instructions](https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract))
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| 75 |
+
- Google Gemini API Key
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| 76 |
+
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| 77 |
+
### Installation
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| 78 |
+
1. Clone the repository:
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| 79 |
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```bash
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| 80 |
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git clone https://github.com/yourusername/mvm2.git
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| 81 |
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cd mvm2
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| 82 |
+
```
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| 83 |
+
2. Install dependencies:
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| 84 |
+
```bash
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| 85 |
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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| 86 |
+
```
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| 87 |
+
3. Set API Key:
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| 88 |
+
```powershell
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| 89 |
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# Windows PowerShell
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| 90 |
+
$env:GEMINI_API_KEY="your_api_key_here"
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| 91 |
+
```
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| 92 |
+
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+
### Running the System
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| 94 |
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**1. Backend API (FastAPI)**
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| 96 |
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```bash
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python backend/main.py
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# Server runs at http://localhost:8000
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```
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**2. Frontend Interface**
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Open `frontend/index.html` in your web browser.
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*(No build step required for this lightweight UI)*
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**3. Docker Deployment**
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MVMยฒ is container-ready. We provide a full docker-compose setup.
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```bash
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docker-compose up --build -d
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```
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- Backend API will be available at `http://localhost:8000`
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- Frontend UI will be available at `http://localhost:8080`
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---
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## ๐งช Experiments & Evaluation
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We provide a custom evaluation suite to reproduce our ablation studies.
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### 1. Dataset
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The evaluation uses `datasets/sample_data.json`. You can add your own samples here.
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### 2. Running Ablation Modes
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The `run_evaluation.py` script automatically compares 4 system configurations:
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| Mode | Description | Hypothesis |
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|---|---|---|
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| `single_llm_only` | Baseline (1 Agent) | High hallucination rate, low accuracy. |
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| `llm_plus_sympy` | Hybrid (1 Agent + SymPy) | Better arithmetic, still hallucinates logic. |
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| `multi_agent_no_ocr_conf` | Multi-Agent Consensus | Low hallucination, but overconfident on noisy images. |
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| **`full_mvm2`** | **Complete System** | **Highest reliability and calibrated confidence.** |
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**Command:**
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```bash
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python run_evaluation.py
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```
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### 3. Results
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Outputs are saved to `evaluation_results.csv` containing:
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- Accuracy (Exact Match)
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- Hallucination Rate
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- Latency (ms)
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- Verdicts
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---
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## ๐ Project Structure
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```
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math_verification_mvp/
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โโโ backend/
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โ โโโ config.py # Central Configuration
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โ โโโ core/ # Core Logic Services (MVMยฒ Modules)
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โ โ โโโ input_receiver.py
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โ โ โโโ ocr_service.py
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โ โ โโโ verification_service.py
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| 156 |
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โ โ โโโ classifier_service.py
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โ โ โโโ ...
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โ โโโ tests/ # Unit Tests
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โ โโโ main.py # FastAPI Entry Point
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โโโ frontend/ # Lightweight UI
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โโโ datasets/ # Evaluation Data & Results
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| 162 |
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โโโ scripts/ # Evaluation & Benchmark Scripts
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| 163 |
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โ โโโ run_evaluation.py
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โ โโโ run_benchmarks.py
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| 165 |
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โ โโโ quick_test.py
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โโโ docs/ # Documentation
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| 167 |
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โโโ requirements.txt # Dependencies
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```
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| 170 |
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## ๐ Getting Started
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| 171 |
+
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| 172 |
+
### Prerequisites
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| 173 |
+
- Python 3.10+
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| 174 |
+
- Tesseract OCR installed ([Instructions](https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract))
|
| 175 |
+
- Google Gemini API Key
|
| 176 |
+
|
| 177 |
+
### Installation
|
| 178 |
+
1. Clone the repository:
|
| 179 |
+
```bash
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| 180 |
+
git clone https://github.com/yourusername/mvm2.git
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| 181 |
+
cd math_verification_mvp
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| 182 |
+
```
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| 183 |
+
2. Install dependencies:
|
| 184 |
+
```bash
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| 185 |
+
pip install -r requirements.txt
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| 186 |
+
```
|
| 187 |
+
3. Set API Key:
|
| 188 |
+
```powershell
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| 189 |
+
# Windows PowerShell
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| 190 |
+
$env:GEMINI_API_KEY="your_api_key_here"
|
| 191 |
+
```
|
| 192 |
+
|
| 193 |
+
### Running the System
|
| 194 |
+
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| 195 |
+
**1. Backend API (FastAPI)**
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| 196 |
+
```bash
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| 197 |
+
python backend/main.py
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| 198 |
+
# Server runs at http://localhost:8000
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| 199 |
+
```
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| 200 |
+
|
| 201 |
+
**2. Frontend Interface**
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| 202 |
+
Open `frontend/index.html` in your web browser.
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| 203 |
+
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| 204 |
+
**3. Running Experiments**
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| 205 |
+
```bash
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| 206 |
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# Run full evaluation suite
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| 207 |
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python scripts/run_evaluation.py
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| 208 |
+
```
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