internal/toolcall/tool_prompt.go

package toolcall

import "strings"

// BuildToolCallInstructions generates the unified tool-calling instruction block
// used by all adapters (OpenAI, Claude, Gemini). It uses attention-optimized
// structure: rules → negative examples → positive examples → anchor.
//
// The toolNames slice should contain the actual tool names available in the
// current request; the function picks real names for examples.
func BuildToolCallInstructions(toolNames []string) string {
	return `TOOL CALL SCHEME — MANDATORY:

<|DSML|tool_calls>
  <|DSML|invoke name="TOOL_NAME">
    <|DSML|parameter name="ARG_NAME"><![CDATA[VALUE]]></|DSML|parameter>
  </|DSML|invoke>
</|DSML|tool_calls>

GUIDELINES:
1) Use the <|DSML|tool_calls> structure.
2) One or more <|DSML|invoke> entries per call.
3) Tool name goes in the invoke attribute.
3a) Tag punctuation alphabet: ASCII < > / = " plus the halfwidth pipe |.
4) All string values must use <![CDATA[...]]>, even short ones. This includes code, scripts, file contents, prompts, paths, names, and queries.
5) Every top-level argument must be a <|DSML|parameter name="ARG_NAME">...</|DSML|parameter> node.
6) Objects use nested XML elements inside the parameter body. Arrays may repeat <item> children.
7) Numbers, booleans, and null stay plain text.
8) Use only the parameter names in the tool schema. Do not invent fields.
9) Fill parameters with the actual values required for this call. Do not emit placeholder, blank, or whitespace-only parameters.
10) If a required parameter value is unknown, ask the user or answer normally instead of outputting an empty tool call.
11) For shell tools such as Bash / execute_command, the command/script must be inside the command parameter. Never call them with an empty command.
12) Do NOT wrap XML in markdown fences. Do NOT output explanations, role markers, or internal monologue.
13) If you call a tool, the first non-whitespace characters of that tool block must be exactly <|DSML|tool_calls>.
14) Never omit the opening <|DSML|tool_calls> tag, even if you already plan to close with </|DSML|tool_calls>.
15) Compatibility note: the runtime also accepts the legacy XML tags <tool_calls> / <invoke> / <parameter>, but prefer the DSML-prefixed form above.

PARAMETER SHAPES:
- string => <|DSML|parameter name="x"><![CDATA[value]]></|DSML|parameter>
- object => <|DSML|parameter name="x"><field>...</field></|DSML|parameter>
- array => <|DSML|parameter name="x"><item>...</item><item>...</item></|DSML|parameter>
- number/bool/null => <|DSML|parameter name="x">plain_text</|DSML|parameter>

【WRONG — Do NOT do these】:

Wrong 1 — mixed text after XML:
  <|DSML|tool_calls>...</|DSML|tool_calls> I hope this helps.
Wrong 2 — Markdown code fences:
  ` + "```xml" + `
  <|DSML|tool_calls>...</|DSML|tool_calls>
  ` + "```" + `
Wrong 3 — missing opening wrapper:
  <|DSML|invoke name="TOOL_NAME">...</|DSML|invoke>
  </|DSML|tool_calls>
Wrong 4 — empty parameters:
  <|DSML|tool_calls>
    <|DSML|invoke name="Bash">
      <|DSML|parameter name="command"></|DSML|parameter>
    </|DSML|invoke>
  </|DSML|tool_calls>

Remember: The ONLY valid way to use tools is the <|DSML|tool_calls>...</|DSML|tool_calls> block at the end of your response.
` + buildCorrectToolExamples(toolNames)
}

type promptToolExample struct {
	name   string
	params string
}

func buildCorrectToolExamples(toolNames []string) string {
	names := uniqueToolNames(toolNames)
	examples := make([]string, 0, 4)

	if single, ok := firstBasicExample(names); ok {
		examples = append(examples, "Example A — Single tool:\n"+renderToolExampleBlock([]promptToolExample{single}))
	}

	if parallel := firstNBasicExamples(names, 2); len(parallel) >= 2 {
		examples = append(examples, "Example B — Two tools in parallel:\n"+renderToolExampleBlock(parallel))
	}

	if nested, ok := firstNestedExample(names); ok {
		examples = append(examples, "Example C — Tool with nested XML parameters:\n"+renderToolExampleBlock([]promptToolExample{nested}))
	}

	if script, ok := firstScriptExample(names); ok {
		examples = append(examples, "Example D — Tool with long script using CDATA (RELIABLE FOR CODE/SCRIPTS):\n"+renderToolExampleBlock([]promptToolExample{script}))
	}

	if len(examples) == 0 {
		return ""
	}
	return "【CORRECT EXAMPLES】:\n\n" + strings.Join(examples, "\n\n") + "\n\n"
}

func uniqueToolNames(toolNames []string) []string {
	names := make([]string, 0, len(toolNames))
	seen := map[string]bool{}
	for _, name := range toolNames {
		name = strings.TrimSpace(name)
		if name == "" || seen[name] {
			continue
		}
		seen[name] = true
		names = append(names, name)
	}
	return names
}

func firstBasicExample(names []string) (promptToolExample, bool) {
	for _, name := range names {
		if params, ok := exampleBasicParams(name); ok {
			return promptToolExample{name: name, params: params}, true
		}
	}
	return promptToolExample{}, false
}

func firstNBasicExamples(names []string, count int) []promptToolExample {
	out := make([]promptToolExample, 0, count)
	for _, name := range names {
		if params, ok := exampleBasicParams(name); ok {
			out = append(out, promptToolExample{name: name, params: params})
			if len(out) == count {
				return out
			}
		}
	}
	return out
}

func firstNestedExample(names []string) (promptToolExample, bool) {
	for _, name := range names {
		if params, ok := exampleNestedParams(name); ok {
			return promptToolExample{name: name, params: params}, true
		}
	}
	return promptToolExample{}, false
}

func firstScriptExample(names []string) (promptToolExample, bool) {
	for _, name := range names {
		if params, ok := exampleScriptParams(name); ok {
			return promptToolExample{name: name, params: params}, true
		}
	}
	return promptToolExample{}, false
}

func renderToolExampleBlock(calls []promptToolExample) string {
	var b strings.Builder
	b.WriteString("<|DSML|tool_calls>\n")
	for _, call := range calls {
		b.WriteString(`  <|DSML|invoke name="`)
		b.WriteString(call.name)
		b.WriteString(`">` + "\n")
		b.WriteString(indentPromptParameters(call.params, "    "))
		b.WriteString("\n  </|DSML|invoke>\n")
	}
	b.WriteString("</|DSML|tool_calls>")
	return b.String()
}

func indentPromptParameters(body, indent string) string {
	if strings.TrimSpace(body) == "" {
		return indent + `<|DSML|parameter name="content"></|DSML|parameter>`
	}
	lines := strings.Split(body, "\n")
	for i, line := range lines {
		if strings.TrimSpace(line) == "" {
			lines[i] = line
			continue
		}
		lines[i] = indent + line
	}
	return strings.Join(lines, "\n")
}

func wrapParameter(name, inner string) string {
	return `<|DSML|parameter name="` + name + `">` + inner + `</|DSML|parameter>`
}

func exampleBasicParams(name string) (string, bool) {
	switch strings.TrimSpace(name) {
	case "Read":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("README.md")), true
	case "Glob":
		return wrapParameter("pattern", promptCDATA("**/*.go")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("path", promptCDATA(".")), true
	case "read_file":
		return wrapParameter("path", promptCDATA("src/main.go")), true
	case "list_files":
		return wrapParameter("path", promptCDATA(".")), true
	case "search_files":
		return wrapParameter("query", promptCDATA("tool call parser")), true
	case "Bash", "execute_command":
		return wrapParameter("command", promptCDATA("pwd")), true
	case "exec_command":
		return wrapParameter("cmd", promptCDATA("pwd")), true
	case "Write":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("notes.txt")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("content", promptCDATA("Hello world")), true
	case "write_to_file":
		return wrapParameter("path", promptCDATA("notes.txt")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("content", promptCDATA("Hello world")), true
	case "Edit":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("README.md")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("old_string", promptCDATA("foo")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("new_string", promptCDATA("bar")), true
	case "MultiEdit":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("README.md")) + "\n" + `<|DSML|parameter name="edits"><item><old_string>` + promptCDATA("foo") + `</old_string><new_string>` + promptCDATA("bar") + `</new_string></item></|DSML|parameter>`, true
	}
	return "", false
}

func exampleNestedParams(name string) (string, bool) {
	switch strings.TrimSpace(name) {
	case "MultiEdit":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("README.md")) + "\n" + `<|DSML|parameter name="edits"><item><old_string>` + promptCDATA("foo") + `</old_string><new_string>` + promptCDATA("bar") + `</new_string></item></|DSML|parameter>`, true
	case "Task":
		return wrapParameter("description", promptCDATA("Investigate flaky tests")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("prompt", promptCDATA("Run targeted tests and summarize failures")), true
	case "ask_followup_question":
		return wrapParameter("question", promptCDATA("Which approach do you prefer?")) + "\n" + `<|DSML|parameter name="follow_up"><item><text>` + promptCDATA("Option A") + `</text></item><item><text>` + promptCDATA("Option B") + `</text></item></|DSML|parameter>`, true
	}
	return "", false
}

func exampleScriptParams(name string) (string, bool) {
	scriptCommand := `cat > /tmp/test_escape.sh <<'EOF'
#!/bin/bash
echo 'single "double"'
echo "literal dollar: \$HOME"
EOF
bash /tmp/test_escape.sh`
	scriptContent := `#!/bin/bash
echo 'single "double"'
echo "literal dollar: $HOME"`

	switch strings.TrimSpace(name) {
	case "Bash":
		return wrapParameter("command", promptCDATA(scriptCommand)) + "\n" + wrapParameter("description", promptCDATA("Test shell escaping")), true
	case "execute_command":
		return wrapParameter("command", promptCDATA(scriptCommand)), true
	case "exec_command":
		return wrapParameter("cmd", promptCDATA(scriptCommand)), true
	case "Write":
		return wrapParameter("file_path", promptCDATA("test_escape.sh")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("content", promptCDATA(scriptContent)), true
	case "write_to_file":
		return wrapParameter("path", promptCDATA("test_escape.sh")) + "\n" + wrapParameter("content", promptCDATA(scriptContent)), true
	}
	return "", false
}

func promptCDATA(text string) string {
	if text == "" {
		return ""
	}
	if strings.Contains(text, "]]>") {
		return "<![CDATA[" + strings.ReplaceAll(text, "]]>", "]]]]><![CDATA[>") + "]]>"
	}
	return "<![CDATA[" + text + "]]>"
}