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| <span class="menu-text"><span class="chapter-number">5</span> <span class="chapter-title">Return Negative</span></span></a> | |
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| <li><a href="#instruction" id="toc-instruction" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#instruction"><span class="header-section-number">2.1</span> Instruction</a></li> | |
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| <li><a href="#solution-code" id="toc-solution-code" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#solution-code"><span class="header-section-number">2.3</span> Solution Code</a></li> | |
| <li><a href="#test" id="toc-test" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#test"><span class="header-section-number">2.4</span> Test</a></li> | |
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| <h1 class="title"> | |
| <span class="chapter-number">2</span> <span class="chapter-title">Multiply</span> | |
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| </header><p><span class="badge rounded-pill quarto-badge">8Kyu</span> Tantangan #2/366 - 02 Feb 2025</p> | |
| <p><a href="https://www.codewars.com/kata/50654ddff44f800200000004" class="uri">https://www.codewars.com/kata/50654ddff44f800200000004</a></p> | |
| <h2 data-number="2.1" id="instruction" class="anchored"> | |
| <span class="header-section-number">2.1</span> Instruction</h2> | |
| <blockquote class="blockquote"> | |
| <p>This code does not execute properly. Try to figure out why.</p> | |
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| <div class="cell"> | |
| <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">mul</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, <span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">c</span> <span class="co"># try to figure out why it doesn't work!</span></span> | |
| <span><span class="op">}</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div> | |
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| <span class="header-section-number">2.2</span> YouTube Video</h2> | |
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| <h2 data-number="2.3" id="solution-code" class="anchored"> | |
| <span class="header-section-number">2.3</span> Solution Code</h2> | |
| <p>Karena argumen dari function <code>mul()</code> adalah <code>a</code> dan <code>b</code> sedangkan operasi perkalian di dalamnya menggunakan <code>c</code> yang belum diketahui dan tidak ada objek tersebut.</p> | |
| <p><strong>Solusi</strong>: ganti objek <code>c</code> di dalam function <code>mul()</code> dengan <code>b</code> dari argumen function tersebut.</p> | |
| <div class="cell"> | |
| <div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="va">mul</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="kw">function</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, <span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span> <span class="op">{</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">b</span> </span> | |
| <span><span class="op">}</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div> | |
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| <h2 data-number="2.4" id="test" class="anchored"> | |
| <span class="header-section-number">2.4</span> Test</h2> | |
| <div class="cell"> | |
| <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="downlit sourceCode r code-with-copy"><code class="sourceCode R"><span><span class="kw"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/base/library.html">library</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va"><a href="https://testthat.r-lib.org">testthat</a></span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span></span> | |
| <span><span class="fu"><a href="https://testthat.r-lib.org/reference/test_that.html">test_that</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="st">"test for associativity of multiplication"</span>, <span class="op">{</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/Uniform.html">runif</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">10000</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="va">b</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/Uniform.html">runif</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">10000</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="va">c</span> <span class="op"><-</span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://rdrr.io/r/stats/Uniform.html">runif</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fl">1</span>, <span class="fl">0</span>, <span class="fl">10000</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://testthat.r-lib.org/reference/equality-expectations.html">expect_equal</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mul</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, <span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://testthat.r-lib.org/reference/equality-expectations.html">expect_equal</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mul</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mul</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, <span class="va">b</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">c</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">b</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">c</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span> <span class="fu"><a href="https://testthat.r-lib.org/reference/equality-expectations.html">expect_equal</a></span><span class="op">(</span><span class="fu">mul</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">a</span>, <span class="fu">mul</span><span class="op">(</span><span class="va">b</span>, <span class="va">c</span><span class="op">)</span><span class="op">)</span>, <span class="va">a</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">b</span> <span class="op">*</span> <span class="va">c</span><span class="op">)</span></span> | |
| <span><span class="op">}</span><span class="op">)</span></span></code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre></div> | |
| <div class="cell-output cell-output-stdout"> | |
| <pre><code>## Test passed 🥇</code></pre> | |
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| // Inspect non-navigation links and adorn them if external | |
| var links = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[href]:not(.nav-link):not(.navbar-brand):not(.toc-action):not(.sidebar-link):not(.sidebar-item-toggle):not(.pagination-link):not(.no-external):not([aria-hidden]):not(.dropdown-item):not(.quarto-navigation-tool):not(.about-link)'); | |
| for (var i=0; i<links.length; i++) { | |
| const link = links[i]; | |
| if (!isInternal(link.href)) { | |
| // undo the damage that might have been done by quarto-nav.js in the case of | |
| // links that we want to consider external | |
| if (link.dataset.originalHref !== undefined) { | |
| link.href = link.dataset.originalHref; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| function tippyHover(el, contentFn, onTriggerFn, onUntriggerFn) { | |
| const config = { | |
| allowHTML: true, | |
| maxWidth: 500, | |
| delay: 100, | |
| arrow: false, | |
| appendTo: function(el) { | |
| return el.parentElement; | |
| }, | |
| interactive: true, | |
| interactiveBorder: 10, | |
| theme: 'quarto', | |
| placement: 'bottom-start', | |
| }; | |
| if (contentFn) { | |
| config.content = contentFn; | |
| } | |
| if (onTriggerFn) { | |
| config.onTrigger = onTriggerFn; | |
| } | |
| if (onUntriggerFn) { | |
| config.onUntrigger = onUntriggerFn; | |
| } | |
| window.tippy(el, config); | |
| } | |
| const noterefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-noteref"]'); | |
| for (var i=0; i<noterefs.length; i++) { | |
| const ref = noterefs[i]; | |
| tippyHover(ref, function() { | |
| // use id or data attribute instead here | |
| let href = ref.getAttribute('data-footnote-href') || ref.getAttribute('href'); | |
| try { href = new URL(href).hash; } catch {} | |
| const id = href.replace(/^#\/?/, ""); | |
| const note = window.document.getElementById(id); | |
| if (note) { | |
| return note.innerHTML; | |
| } else { | |
| return ""; | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| const xrefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a.quarto-xref'); | |
| const processXRef = (id, note) => { | |
| // Strip column container classes | |
| const stripColumnClz = (el) => { | |
| el.classList.remove("page-full", "page-columns"); | |
| if (el.children) { | |
| for (const child of el.children) { | |
| stripColumnClz(child); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| stripColumnClz(note) | |
| if (id === null || id.startsWith('sec-')) { | |
| // Special case sections, only their first couple elements | |
| const container = document.createElement("div"); | |
| if (note.children && note.children.length > 2) { | |
| container.appendChild(note.children[0].cloneNode(true)); | |
| for (let i = 1; i < note.children.length; i++) { | |
| const child = note.children[i]; | |
| if (child.tagName === "P" && child.innerText === "") { | |
| continue; | |
| } else { | |
| container.appendChild(child.cloneNode(true)); | |
| break; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { | |
| window.Quarto.typesetMath(container); | |
| } | |
| return container.innerHTML | |
| } else { | |
| if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { | |
| window.Quarto.typesetMath(note); | |
| } | |
| return note.innerHTML; | |
| } | |
| } else { | |
| // Remove any anchor links if they are present | |
| const anchorLink = note.querySelector('a.anchorjs-link'); | |
| if (anchorLink) { | |
| anchorLink.remove(); | |
| } | |
| if (window.Quarto?.typesetMath) { | |
| window.Quarto.typesetMath(note); | |
| } | |
| // TODO in 1.5, we should make sure this works without a callout special case | |
| if (note.classList.contains("callout")) { | |
| return note.outerHTML; | |
| } else { | |
| return note.innerHTML; | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } | |
| for (var i=0; i<xrefs.length; i++) { | |
| const xref = xrefs[i]; | |
| tippyHover(xref, undefined, function(instance) { | |
| instance.disable(); | |
| let url = xref.getAttribute('href'); | |
| let hash = undefined; | |
| if (url.startsWith('#')) { | |
| hash = url; | |
| } else { | |
| try { hash = new URL(url).hash; } catch {} | |
| } | |
| if (hash) { | |
| const id = hash.replace(/^#\/?/, ""); | |
| const note = window.document.getElementById(id); | |
| if (note !== null) { | |
| try { | |
| const html = processXRef(id, note.cloneNode(true)); | |
| instance.setContent(html); | |
| } finally { | |
| instance.enable(); | |
| instance.show(); | |
| } | |
| } else { | |
| // See if we can fetch this | |
| fetch(url.split('#')[0]) | |
| .then(res => res.text()) | |
| .then(html => { | |
| const parser = new DOMParser(); | |
| const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html"); | |
| const note = htmlDoc.getElementById(id); | |
| if (note !== null) { | |
| const html = processXRef(id, note); | |
| instance.setContent(html); | |
| } | |
| }).finally(() => { | |
| instance.enable(); | |
| instance.show(); | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| } else { | |
| // See if we can fetch a full url (with no hash to target) | |
| // This is a special case and we should probably do some content thinning / targeting | |
| fetch(url) | |
| .then(res => res.text()) | |
| .then(html => { | |
| const parser = new DOMParser(); | |
| const htmlDoc = parser.parseFromString(html, "text/html"); | |
| const note = htmlDoc.querySelector('main.content'); | |
| if (note !== null) { | |
| // This should only happen for chapter cross references | |
| // (since there is no id in the URL) | |
| // remove the first header | |
| if (note.children.length > 0 && note.children[0].tagName === "HEADER") { | |
| note.children[0].remove(); | |
| } | |
| const html = processXRef(null, note); | |
| instance.setContent(html); | |
| } | |
| }).finally(() => { | |
| instance.enable(); | |
| instance.show(); | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| }, function(instance) { | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| let selectedAnnoteEl; | |
| const selectorForAnnotation = ( cell, annotation) => { | |
| let cellAttr = 'data-code-cell="' + cell + '"'; | |
| let lineAttr = 'data-code-annotation="' + annotation + '"'; | |
| const selector = 'span[' + cellAttr + '][' + lineAttr + ']'; | |
| return selector; | |
| } | |
| const selectCodeLines = (annoteEl) => { | |
| const doc = window.document; | |
| const targetCell = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-cell"); | |
| const targetAnnotation = annoteEl.getAttribute("data-target-annotation"); | |
| const annoteSpan = window.document.querySelector(selectorForAnnotation(targetCell, targetAnnotation)); | |
| const lines = annoteSpan.getAttribute("data-code-lines").split(","); | |
| const lineIds = lines.map((line) => { | |
| return targetCell + "-" + line; | |
| }) | |
| let top = null; | |
| let height = null; | |
| let parent = null; | |
| if (lineIds.length > 0) { | |
| //compute the position of the single el (top and bottom and make a div) | |
| const el = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[0]); | |
| top = el.offsetTop; | |
| height = el.offsetHeight; | |
| parent = el.parentElement.parentElement; | |
| if (lineIds.length > 1) { | |
| const lastEl = window.document.getElementById(lineIds[lineIds.length - 1]); | |
| const bottom = lastEl.offsetTop + lastEl.offsetHeight; | |
| height = bottom - top; | |
| } | |
| if (top !== null && height !== null && parent !== null) { | |
| // cook up a div (if necessary) and position it | |
| let div = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight"); | |
| if (div === null) { | |
| div = window.document.createElement("div"); | |
| div.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight"); | |
| div.style.position = 'absolute'; | |
| parent.appendChild(div); | |
| } | |
| div.style.top = top - 2 + "px"; | |
| div.style.height = height + 4 + "px"; | |
| div.style.left = 0; | |
| let gutterDiv = window.document.getElementById("code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"); | |
| if (gutterDiv === null) { | |
| gutterDiv = window.document.createElement("div"); | |
| gutterDiv.setAttribute("id", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"); | |
| gutterDiv.style.position = 'absolute'; | |
| const codeCell = window.document.getElementById(targetCell); | |
| const gutter = codeCell.querySelector('.code-annotation-gutter'); | |
| gutter.appendChild(gutterDiv); | |
| } | |
| gutterDiv.style.top = top - 2 + "px"; | |
| gutterDiv.style.height = height + 4 + "px"; | |
| } | |
| selectedAnnoteEl = annoteEl; | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| const unselectCodeLines = () => { | |
| const elementsIds = ["code-annotation-line-highlight", "code-annotation-line-highlight-gutter"]; | |
| elementsIds.forEach((elId) => { | |
| const div = window.document.getElementById(elId); | |
| if (div) { | |
| div.remove(); | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| selectedAnnoteEl = undefined; | |
| }; | |
| // Handle positioning of the toggle | |
| window.addEventListener( | |
| "resize", | |
| throttle(() => { | |
| elRect = undefined; | |
| if (selectedAnnoteEl) { | |
| selectCodeLines(selectedAnnoteEl); | |
| } | |
| }, 10) | |
| ); | |
| function throttle(fn, ms) { | |
| let throttle = false; | |
| let timer; | |
| return (...args) => { | |
| if(!throttle) { // first call gets through | |
| fn.apply(this, args); | |
| throttle = true; | |
| } else { // all the others get throttled | |
| if(timer) clearTimeout(timer); // cancel #2 | |
| timer = setTimeout(() => { | |
| fn.apply(this, args); | |
| timer = throttle = false; | |
| }, ms); | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| } | |
| // Attach click handler to the DT | |
| const annoteDls = window.document.querySelectorAll('dt[data-target-cell]'); | |
| for (const annoteDlNode of annoteDls) { | |
| annoteDlNode.addEventListener('click', (event) => { | |
| const clickedEl = event.target; | |
| if (clickedEl !== selectedAnnoteEl) { | |
| unselectCodeLines(); | |
| const activeEl = window.document.querySelector('dt[data-target-cell].code-annotation-active'); | |
| if (activeEl) { | |
| activeEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active'); | |
| } | |
| selectCodeLines(clickedEl); | |
| clickedEl.classList.add('code-annotation-active'); | |
| } else { | |
| // Unselect the line | |
| unselectCodeLines(); | |
| clickedEl.classList.remove('code-annotation-active'); | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| const findCites = (el) => { | |
| const parentEl = el.parentElement; | |
| if (parentEl) { | |
| const cites = parentEl.dataset.cites; | |
| if (cites) { | |
| return { | |
| el, | |
| cites: cites.split(' ') | |
| }; | |
| } else { | |
| return findCites(el.parentElement) | |
| } | |
| } else { | |
| return undefined; | |
| } | |
| }; | |
| var bibliorefs = window.document.querySelectorAll('a[role="doc-biblioref"]'); | |
| for (var i=0; i<bibliorefs.length; i++) { | |
| const ref = bibliorefs[i]; | |
| const citeInfo = findCites(ref); | |
| if (citeInfo) { | |
| tippyHover(citeInfo.el, function() { | |
| var popup = window.document.createElement('div'); | |
| citeInfo.cites.forEach(function(cite) { | |
| var citeDiv = window.document.createElement('div'); | |
| citeDiv.classList.add('hanging-indent'); | |
| citeDiv.classList.add('csl-entry'); | |
| var biblioDiv = window.document.getElementById('ref-' + cite); | |
| if (biblioDiv) { | |
| citeDiv.innerHTML = biblioDiv.innerHTML; | |
| } | |
| popup.appendChild(citeDiv); | |
| }); | |
| return popup.innerHTML; | |
| }); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| }); | |
| </script><nav class="page-navigation"><div class="nav-page nav-page-previous"> | |
| <a href="./cw0001evenodd.html" class="pagination-link" aria-label="Even or Odd"> | |
| <i class="bi bi-arrow-left-short"></i> <span class="nav-page-text"><span class="chapter-number">1</span> <span class="chapter-title">Even or Odd</span></span> | |
| </a> | |
| </div> | |
| <div class="nav-page nav-page-next"> | |
| <a href="./cw0003countsheep.html" class="pagination-link" aria-label="Count Sheep"> | |
| <span class="nav-page-text"><span class="chapter-number">3</span> <span class="chapter-title">Count Sheep</span></span> <i class="bi bi-arrow-right-short"></i> | |
| </a> | |
| </div> | |
| </nav> | |
| </div> <!-- /content --> | |
| </body></html> |