diff --git "a/gradio_ner_data.json" "b/gradio_ner_data.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/gradio_ner_data.json" @@ -0,0 +1,59813 @@ +[ + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 17, + "text": "According to the RSRI survey, just 24 percent of refugees reported doing paid work in the previous seven days ( though this increases to 45 percent for refugees living in Kigali ) and only eight percent run a business or are engaged in farming. Low income is reflected in poor food security, with almost 60 percent of refugee households reporting that they typically eat only one meal per day. The main reasons provided for the low employment levels were lack of skills ( 44 percent ) and lack of information about the local labor market ( 34 percent ). Other reasons cited include the need for investments in roads and connectivity to strengthen market access for agricultural producers and traders. A 2024 African Development Bank ( AfDB ) study on forced displacement in the region concluded that priority needs for self-reliance are better road connectivity, access to water and energy, improved educational and 6 The GoR \u2019 s strategy is consistent with lessons from global experience in the 2023 World Development Report that a sustainable approach to managing forced displacement requires: ( a ) policies that provide freedom of movement and the right to work; ( b ) inclusion of refugees into national service delivery systems to shift away from expensive parallel systems; and ( c ) support for self-reliance through access to jobs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 17, + 28, + "named" + ], + [ + 49, + 57, + "RSRI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 152, + 160, + "RSRI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 171, + 177, + "RSRI survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 318, + 336, + "RSRI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 703, + 707, + "RSRI survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to the RSRI survey, just 24 percent of refugees reported doing paid work in the previous seven days ( though this increases to 45 percent for refugees living in Kigali ) and only eight percent run a business or are engaged in farming. Low income is reflected in poor food security, with almost 60 percent of refugee households reporting that they typically eat only one meal per day.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The RSRI survey is a structured collection of data regarding the employment and food security of refugees, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described as a survey", + "mentions specific data points" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the 'RSRI survey' is referenced as a source of information about the employment and food security of refugees. The phrase 'According to the RSRI survey' indicates that it is being treated as a source of data and implies that it contains structured information relevant to the analysis being discussed. Furthermore, the context follows with specific statistics derived from the survey, reinforcing the idea that it is a distinct collection of data concerning this population. Although surveys can be part of broader projects or systems, in this instance, it is explicitly presented as a survey that generates data, distinguishing it from a generic system or tool. A model might confuse this for a system due to its structured nature and formal naming convention, but the context clearly positions it as a dataset since it is being directly utilized to inform the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The RSRI survey acts as a dataset in this context because it provides specific data points regarding refugee employment and food security, as indicated by the phrase 'According to the RSRI survey.'" + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 3 health facilities and market-linked skills training. 7 The 2024 Rwanda FinScope survey also showed relatively low take - up of finance for investments or credit for productive purposes by Rwandese and refugees, limiting business and income-generating opportunities. 8 7. High poverty rates and minimal economic activity in the hosting districts constrain self-reliance prospects for refugees and host communities alike. The national non-monetary poverty rate in Rwanda of 30 percent is exceeded in all five districts that host refugee camps. Gisagara, where the Mugombwa camp is located, ranked as the poorest district in the country in the 2022 Census at 45 percent. 9 By comparison, the City of Kigali has the lowest percentage of poor people ( 9. 5 percent ). Core elements of the non-monetary poverty index include health, education and living standards, highlighting the dual need to: ( a ) invest in economic opportunity and access to services in the hosting districts; and ( b ) at the same time, facilitate refugee mobility out of the camps and rural areas into urban centers, where more opportunities are available and self-reliance is more achievable. 8. Building on the ongoing Phase I of Jya Mbere, Phase II aims to assist refugees and host communities to achieve self-reliance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 176, + 203, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 3 health facilities and market-linked skills training. 7 The 2024 Rwanda FinScope survey also showed relatively low take - up of finance for investments or credit for productive purposes by Rwandese and refugees, limiting business and income-generating opportunities. 8 7.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2024 Rwanda FinScope survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze financial inclusion and economic conditions in Rwanda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a reference to project activities", + "described in context as showing data on financial inclusion", + "associated with a specific year and location, indicating a structured survey", + "functions similarly to recognized datasets used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term '2024 Rwanda FinScope survey' is presented in a manner that indicates it is an organized study aimed at capturing data related to financial inclusion in Rwanda. The use of the word 'survey' suggests structured data collection, implying that it is not merely a project or system but a specific dataset intended for analysis. The context reinforces this, as it references the survey's findings on financial behavior among Rwandese and refugees. While it could be mistakenly interpreted as simply an element of a project, the explicit mention of it showing data indicates its role as a concrete dataset rather than just infrastructure or a tool. The model might have been confused due to the presence of broader project terminology around it, yet the nature of surveys as data-gathering tools provides clarity on its classification here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2024 Rwanda FinScope survey' is treated as a dataset in this context, as it represents a structured survey designed to provide analytical insights, rather than just being a project name or a reference to a system. Its role in presenting findings on financial inclusion confirms its status as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 18, + "text": "Private investment generated through the project is counted towards Private Capital Enabling ( PCE ) and Private Capital Mobilization ( PCM ). Component 2 on Economic Opportunity & Self-Reliance is verified as both PCE and PCM by supporting a partial credit guarantee ( PCG ) scheme and matching grants. Sub-component 2 ( c ) support to the Business Development Fund ( BDF ) PCG scheme is expected to facilitate access to finance for up to 3, 000 7 African Development Bank, UNHCR, IGAD & EAC ( 2024 ) Regional Report: Regional Program on Enhancing the Investment Climate for the Economic Empowerment of Refugee, Returnee, and Host / Return Community Women in the East and HoA and Great Lakes Region. 8 Access to Finance Rwanda ( 2024 ) FinScope 2024 Report. The report shows high levels of financial inclusion but low usage of financial services. 9 Non-monetary poverty for the other four host districts is: Nyamagabe ( Kigeme camp ) 39 percent, Gatsibo ( Nyabiheke Camp ) 37 percent, Kirehe ( Mahama camp ) 35 percent and Karongi ( Kiziba camp ) 34 percent. Data is from the 2022 Census. 10 World Bank ( 2021 ) Climate Risk Profile: Rwanda. 11 Alex Hunns et al ( 2023 ) \u201c Refugee Settlements are Highly Exposed to Extreme Weather Conditions. \u201d", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1077, + 1088, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "9 Non-monetary poverty for the other four host districts is: Nyamagabe ( Kigeme camp ) 39 percent, Gatsibo ( Nyabiheke Camp ) 37 percent, Kirehe ( Mahama camp ) 35 percent and Karongi ( Kiziba camp ) 34 percent. Data is from the 2022 Census. 10 World Bank ( 2021 ) Climate Risk Profile: Rwanda.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2022 Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data is from'", + "described as a census that contains demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, '2022 Census' is clearly identified as the source of demographic data to support the analysis of non-monetary poverty in certain districts. It is explicitly mentioned after the phrase 'Data is from', which strongly indicates that it's being treated as the dataset itself from which the findings are derived. The term 'Census' usually implies an organized collection of data obtained through systematic enumeration, making it more straightforward to interpret as a dataset rather than an MIS or project name. The previous assessment noted it as a dataset, which aligns with the standard use of census data in research contexts. The extract provides no indication that this is anything other than a structured dataset used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, '2022 Census' is used as the specific dataset responsible for providing the demographic data, making it a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 27, + "text": "The project will support the construction of access-ways to allow evacuation tankers to remove septage from communal toilet systems in Kigeme camp ( Nyamagabe ) and Kiziba camp ( Karongi ), where leakages and overflows into the environment / water sources are most serious. The layout and construction of the access-ways will be done through a design and build procurement approach. These districts experience frequent heavy rainfall, so the activity will directly respond to the climate-induced risk of more frequent flooding rains. 42. Implementation. This component will be implemented by MINEMA, supported by the Ministry of Environment and the Rwanda Environment Management Authority. As activities will be in the camps, MINEMA will be responsible for long-term management and maintenance. The activities are expected to improve environmental conditions for 125, 000 people ( camp-based refugee population and people living in the surrounding villages ). Component 4: Project Management, M & E and Capacity-Building ( US $ 4. 02 million equivalent ) 43. This component will support the Single Project Implementation Unit ( SPIU ) at MINEMA and staff in the target districts to manage the project. 24 This will include project staff at the district level for coordination and oversight. M & E arrangements will include a baseline survey, annual surveys, and endline assessment and continued operation of the Management Information System ( MIS ). Other activities will include a communications strategy and funds for capacity-building for staff from all project implementing agencies on issues such as community development, fiduciary management, E & S risk management, financial inclusion, climate risk management and development responses to forced displacement. 23 The assessment also identified additional needs that will not be included in the Phase II design due to resource constraints and to avoid overcomplicating the design: ( a ) reforestation in and around the camps; ( b ) solid waste management; and ( c ) insufficient fuel for cooking. 24 Operational costs for BDF are covered in sub-component 2 ( c ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1412, + 1441, + "named" + ], + [ + 135, + 146, + "Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 165, + 176, + "Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 881, + 910, + "Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1325, + 1340, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1444, + 1447, + "Management Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "24 This will include project staff at the district level for coordination and oversight. M & E arrangements will include a baseline survey, annual surveys, and endline assessment and continued operation of the Management Information System ( MIS ). Other activities will include a communications strategy and funds for capacity-building for staff from all project implementing agencies on issues such as community development, fiduciary management, E & S risk management, financial inclusion, climate risk management and development responses to forced displacement.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The Management Information System (MIS) is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of the project, thus qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of project operations and activities", + "described as an infrastructure for monitoring and evaluation, not an actual data source", + "no clear indication that it is used for direct analysis or data-fueled actions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'Management Information System (MIS)' primarily refers to an operational component of the project's monitoring and evaluation (M&E) framework rather than a dataset. It is part of the project\u2019s infrastructure, supporting data collection and management activities but is not explicitly stated as a source of data used for analysis or evaluation. The surrounding text emphasizes project staff coordination and various other activities, indicating that the MIS serves as a system to support these activities rather than being used here as a stand-alone dataset. Similar mentions may lead a model to mistakenly classify it as a dataset because it is capitalized and appears in a project context that involves data management, but without explicit reference to it containing or providing data for analysis, it doesn't qualify as a dataset. The model might have been confused due to its terminology suggesting a structured collection of data, leading to assumptions about it being a dataset when it\u2019s really a tool or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset because it is discussed in relation to project operations rather than as a direct, independent source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 30, + "text": "MINEMA will have overall responsibility for M & E, including the preparation of consolidated quarterly progress reports and an Annual Report to the World Bank. MINEMA, BRD, RTDA and BDF will have M & E specialists responsible for collecting and collating data on project outputs and outcomes. Reporting templates will be reviewed for Phase II and included in an updated M & E section in the PIM. The existing Project MIS will continue to be utilized. 55. Project results will be captured through baseline, annual and endline surveys. This will include surveys of users of project-financed infrastructure ( schools, health facilities, water systems, markets, etc. ) to directly track satisfaction with Jya Mbere II investments. Regular phone surveys will also be conducted for beneficiaries under component two to gather data on business sustainability and profitability to allow for real-time learning and course correction as necessary.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 409, + 420, + "named" + ], + [ + 496, + 532, + "Project MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 563, + 603, + "Project MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Reporting templates will be reviewed for Phase II and included in an updated M & E section in the PIM. The existing Project MIS will continue to be utilized. 55.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Project MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of project outputs and outcomes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "not described as containing specific datasets or data records", + "indicates ongoing utilization rather than direct data application" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' is explicitly labeled as a management information system (MIS), which typically serves as a framework or platform for the collection, storage, management, and analysis of data. While an MIS often does contain datasets, it is primarily designed to support project monitoring and evaluation activities rather than being a dataset itself. The phrasing here, 'will continue to be utilized,' implies ongoing use of the system for its intended purpose rather than referring to any specific dataset contained within it. This distinction is important because the model may have interpreted 'Project MIS' as a dataset due to its structured nature and potential for data management, but without any clear indication in the text that it functions as a standalone dataset, it should be classified more accurately as a system. The model's confusion likely stems from the capitalization and the common usage of 'MIS' in contexts involving data and analytics, leading it to categorize it similarly to a dataset when it actually refers to an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Project MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that organizes and manages data relevant to the project but does not represent data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 33, + "text": "The key gaps identified in the MTR assessment are: ( a ) fewer women access loans from financial institutions to start their own businesses; ( b ) fewer women are starting businesses due to time poverty and capacity gaps; and ( c ) fewer women are in employment than men. Social gender norms and household dynamics play a critical role in causing these gaps. According to a 2022 study by Access to Finance Rwanda, deeply ingrained societal expectations shape how women participate in economic life and influence their capacity to leverage assets \u2014 particularly land and property \u2014 as collateral. 34 One pervasive norm is that women should prioritize family and caregiving responsibilities over business activities. This norm restricts their time and engagement in income-generating pursuits and weakens their perceived legitimacy as entrepreneurs, reducing their chances of qualifying for credit. Additionally, women are often expected to rely on family support, especially from spouses, instead of seeking independent financial solutions, distancing them from formal financial institutions and financial products. 31 Baseline failure rates by segment are extremely difficult to assess. As such, the analysis uses conservative assumptions based on extensive discussions with key stakeholders and potential beneficiaries. These assumptions have been tested for sensitivity. 32 CEIC data 33 In the absence of available survey data, the analysis uses proxies for these losses and repair costs from survey data from neighboring Burundi. Based on this data, annual flooding losses amount to ~ US $ 89 per household and repair costs amount to US $ 25. 60 per household. 34 Gendered Social Norms Diagnostic and their Impact on Women \u2019 s Financial Inclusion in Rwanda, 2022, Access to Finance Rwanda", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1376, + 1385, + "named" + ], + [ + 1524, + 1531, + "CEIC data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1553, + 1609, + "CEIC data <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These assumptions have been tested for sensitivity. 32 CEIC data 33 In the absence of available survey data, the analysis uses proxies for these losses and repair costs from survey data from neighboring Burundi. Based on this data, annual flooding losses amount to ~ US $ 89 per household and repair costs amount to US $ 25.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "CEIC data refers to a structured collection of economic and financial data, which can be used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as containing structured economic and financial data", + "implied to be used as a source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CEIC data' appears after a phrase that indicates it is being utilized as a source for analysis. Despite there being potential confusion around whether it is a system or an actual dataset, the context provided\u2014mentioning it directly in conjunction with data used for analysis\u2014supports the characterization of 'CEIC data' as a specific dataset. This is further validated by the accompanying language suggesting that it is structured data relevant to economic and financial studies, which aligns with typical usages of the term. However, models might confuse 'CEIC data' with a tool or system due to its formal name or the way it can be perceived within the broader data ecosystem. Nonetheless, the surrounding context suggests it refers to actual data used in the study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'CEIC data' is treated as a real dataset in this instance because it is explicitly mentioned in the context of data use for analysis and is described as containing structured records, which aligns with the definition of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 30 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Improved access to basic services Beneficiaries with improved access to social and economic infrastructure and services ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries provided with improved access to services and economic opportunties. This covers all beneficiaires for components 1 and 2. The data is then disaggregated by gender and by status ( refugee / host community ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites. Data collected by MINEMA for refugee and host community populations in host districts ( camp and non-camp residents ). Beneficiary numbers should be included in detailed feasibility studies for each subproject. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, supported by districts. Improved economic opportunities People benefiting from actions to expand and enable economic opportunity ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries benefiting from activities under component 2, including capacity-building, matching grant, credit guarantee scheme and graduation programming ( this counts HH beneficiaries x 4, being the average HH size in the refugee camps ). The data is then disaggregated by gender and by status ( refugee / host community ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 697, + 709, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MIS database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "MIS database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 322, + 344, + "MIS database <> data type" + ], + [ + 715, + 736, + "MIS database <> data description" + ], + [ + 785, + 823, + "MIS database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites. Data collected by MINEMA for refugee and host community populations in host districts ( camp and non-camp residents ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS database is a structured collection of data used for monitoring project implementation and includes population statistics for project sites.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a project", + "contains population statistics but lacks clarity as a definitive dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS database' refers to a management information system that is utilized for project-related data collection and monitoring. While it does contain population statistics, it is not made clear that it is the single source of the structured data being analyzed. The phrasing 'MIS database with population statistics' suggests that it provides data rather than being a standalone dataset itself. Hence, it functions more as an infrastructure or tool through which data is collected and maintained instead of a distinct dataset. The model may have been confused because it presents itself as a proper name and appears to be a structured system that holds relevant data. However, the context indicates that it is primarily a system for data management rather than an explicit dataset for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MIS database' is better seen as a management information system that supports data collection rather than a dataset itself, as it is not presented as the primary source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 45, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation, MIS database. Data collected by BRD, MINEMA and BDF. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, BRD, BDF Improved environmental management in the target areas People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems ( Number of people ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries in the catchment area where environmental management activities under component 3 have been implemented. Data is disaggregated by gender, youth ( 16-30 years, in line with GoR guidelines ) and status ( refugee / host community member ). The youth target of 26 % is based on the youth population in the five RHDs 2022 census ). The beneficiary number includes the camp-based refugee population and people living in the villages surrounding the five camps. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites cross - tabulated with hectarage benefiting from improved terrestrial and aquatic systems. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components Access to Services and Socio-economic Investments Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services ( education, health, water and sanitation ) completed in refugee hosting districts ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of infrastructure subprojects completed in refugee hosting districts. Data is disaggregated by type of sub-project ( education, health, water and sanitation ). Climate resilience is defined by compliance with GoR standards. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 111, + 123, + "named" + ], + [ + 801, + 830, + "MIS database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1022, + 1043, + "MIS database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation, MIS database. Data collected by BRD, MINEMA and BDF.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS database' refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring project implementation, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as 'MIS database' without clear indication of raw data access", + "mentioned in the context of methodology for project monitoring", + "implies it is a tool for data collection rather than an explicit dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS database' seems to behave more like a tool or infrastructure used for monitoring project implementation rather than a concrete dataset itself. The phrasing surrounding the term indicates that it is part of the methodology for data collection and seems to act as a managing platform rather than something directly analyzed. A model might confuse this for a dataset mention due to its structured name (capitalized and specific), and the use of 'database' might mislead an extraction model into thinking it directly contains datasets. However, without clear evidence of the contents of the database being analyzed or referenced as a dataset, it leans towards being a system or tool designed for handling data instead of a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS database' refers to a management information system that supports data collection and monitoring rather than serving as a clearly defined dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 45, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation, MIS database. Data collected by BRD, MINEMA and BDF. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, BRD, BDF Improved environmental management in the target areas People benefitting from enhanced resilience of terrestrial and aquatic systems ( Number of people ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of beneficiaries in the catchment area where environmental management activities under component 3 have been implemented. Data is disaggregated by gender, youth ( 16-30 years, in line with GoR guidelines ) and status ( refugee / host community member ). The youth target of 26 % is based on the youth population in the five RHDs 2022 census ). The beneficiary number includes the camp-based refugee population and people living in the villages surrounding the five camps. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database with population statistics for project sites cross - tabulated with hectarage benefiting from improved terrestrial and aquatic systems. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components Access to Services and Socio-economic Investments Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects for basic services ( education, health, water and sanitation ) completed in refugee hosting districts ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of infrastructure subprojects completed in refugee hosting districts. Data is disaggregated by type of sub-project ( education, health, water and sanitation ). Climate resilience is defined by compliance with GoR standards. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 745, + 761, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data is disaggregated by gender, youth ( 16-30 years, in line with GoR guidelines ) and status ( refugee / host community member ). The youth target of 26 % is based on the youth population in the five RHDs 2022 census ). The beneficiary number includes the camp-based refugee population and people living in the villages surrounding the five camps.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of population statistics from the 2022 census, which is used for analysis and monitoring in the context of the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as containing population statistics", + "explicitly refers to a structured collection of census data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RHDs 2022 census' appears after the phrase 'is based on', which typically indicates the use of a data source for analysis. The term explicitly refers to a census, which is a systematic collection of population statistics, thus behaving like a real dataset. Unlike typical project names or systems which might be descriptions of sources, the census inherently qualifies as a data source due to its structured nature and purpose. Although it could be confused as merely being part of a project name or an overarching system, the specific mention as a census aligns well with the definition of a dataset within empirical research. The model might have been confused due to the potential interpretation of 'RHDs' as a project or system name instead of the dataset itself, but the context clearly directs towards it being utilized for analytical purposes as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'RHDs 2022 census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is directly referenced as the source of structured population statistics that inform the analysis presented in the text." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 31 Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding \u201c satisfied \u201d or \u201c very satisfied \u201d on a Likert scale. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Kilometers of road upgraded ( Kilometers ) Description Quantitative indicator counting kilometers of roads upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. RTDA data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA. Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of market facilities and ICPCs constructed or upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 651, + 657, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Kilometers of road upgraded ( Kilometers ) Description Quantitative indicator counting kilometers of roads upgraded ( completed ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "not described as a structured data source", + "responsibility context indicates a management system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINEMA is presented as a responsibility for data collection rather than as a structured dataset itself. The terminology and phrasing used indicate that MINEMA likely refers to an organization or system managing the collection of data regarding road upgrades, not a specific set of data records. There are no explicit indicators that it contains data records; rather, it is a management entity involved in surveying data. The model may have identified MINEMA as a potential dataset due to its capitalization (suggesting a proper noun) and its inclusion in a methodology section, but it lacks the defining characteristics of a dataset mentioned explicitly as such. The confusion may arise from its positioning alongside a reference to a specific quantitative indicator related to roads, leading the model to misinterpret MINEMA as a dataset rather than an actor or system in the data collection process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA is an organization responsible for data collection, not a concrete dataset. Therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 31 Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding \u201c satisfied \u201d or \u201c very satisfied \u201d on a Likert scale. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Kilometers of road upgraded ( Kilometers ) Description Quantitative indicator counting kilometers of roads upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. RTDA data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA. Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of market facilities and ICPCs constructed or upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 948, + 954, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. RTDA data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project or organization, not as a data source", + "contains references to data collection responsibilities, but does not indicate structured records", + "IMEMA is used in a context about methodology, rather than indicating it is a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, MINEMA appears to refer to a project or a management body rather than a specific dataset. The sentences surrounding it mention responsibilities for data collection but do not suggest that MINEMA is a structured collection of data. Instead, it is framed in the context of overseeing the methodology and the RTDA data flows into it, giving the impression that it functions as an organization or entity rather than a dataset. The model may have been confused by the following structure that indicates data relevance ('RTDA data fed to MINEMA'), which might sound like a data source. However, without explicit mention that information is stored or structured within MINEMA, it does not fulfill the criteria for being a dataset. The presence of capital letters and the context of its use may have influenced the misclassification by the model.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA is referred to as a project or organization rather than a dataset, as it relates to the responsibility for data collection without indicating that it itself contains structured datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 31 Proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating satisfaction with infrastructure subprojects constructed or upgraded by the project. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding \u201c satisfied \u201d or \u201c very satisfied \u201d on a Likert scale. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Kilometers of road upgraded ( Kilometers ) Description Quantitative indicator counting kilometers of roads upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. RTDA data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA. Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of market facilities and ICPCs constructed or upgraded ( completed ). Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1000, + 1006, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "RTDA data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA. Market facilities and Integrated Craft Production Centers constructed or upgraded ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of market facilities and ICPCs constructed or upgraded ( completed ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of responsibility for data collection", + "not explicitly described as a data source", + "appears alongside other entities in the context but lacks concrete dataset characteristics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEMA' is positioned as an organization responsible for data collection rather than as a structured dataset. The phrases 'RTDA data fed to MINEMA' and 'Responsibility for Data Collection RTDA and MINEMA' suggest that MINEMA plays a role in the data collection process, but they do not indicate that MINEMA itself is a dataset. The term appears in a manner that could mislead a model into interpreting it as a data source due to its capitalized form and the surrounding language that implies it is involved with data. However, it lacks explicit characterization as a dataset and is more accurately classified as an entity or project rather than a database or structured collection of records. This distinction is crucial, as systems may contain datasets but are not datasets themselves unless explicitly defined as such.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA refers to an organization involved in data collection, not a structured dataset, which is why it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 47, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BRD data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection BRD and MINEMA. Households benefiting from graduation programming ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of households that benefit from graduation programming. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Businesses that benefit from partial credit guarantee scheme ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of businesses that benefit from the BDF partial credit guarantee scheme. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BDF data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection BDF and MINEMA Volume of additional credit facilitated by the partial credit guarantee scheme ( Amount ( USD ) ) Description Quantitative indicator counting private capital enabled through PFIs under the BDF partial credit guarantee scheme. This is calculated based on an average loan size of US $ 700 x 3, 000 beneficiairies, for an approxiate target of US $ 2 million. Frequency Quarterly", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 196, + 202, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation including reporting from beneficiaries. BRD data fed to MINEMA. Responsibility for Data Collection BRD and MINEMA.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of project implementation", + "follows \u2018BRD data fed to MINEMA\u2019 indicating a system of data collection", + "described as a responsibility for data collection but not as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINEMA appears to reference a project related to data collection and monitoring rather than a specific dataset. The context shows that MINEMA is involved in the methodology for data collection and reporting of beneficiaries, as well as being linked to BRD data\u2014suggesting it may play a role in managing or overseeing data collection rather than being the dataset itself. The language used points to it being an implementing organization or system, rather than a concrete collection of structured data. A model may have been confused by the phrasing 'fed to MINEMA,' which could imply a direct data source, but in this case, it indicates that MINEMA is a mechanism or project responsible for handling and overseeing the data, rather than being defined as a dataset accessible for analysis. The clear indication of responsibility further emphasizes that it is acting as a system or project, not as a data repository or dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEMA' refers to a project or system responsible for data collection rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project Phase II ( P509677 ) Page 33 Data source BDF records on beneficiaries and loan amounts. Methodology for Data Collection Accessed from loan applications to PFIs. Responsibility for Data Collection BDF & MINEMA consolidates. Environmental Management & Climate Resilience Landscapes under enhanced conservation and / or sustainable management ( terrestrial and inland water areas ) ( Hectare ( Ha ) ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of hectares ( total area ) of terrestrial and inland water areas enhanced by the interventions under component 3. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Hectarage mapped to include area of direct activity implementation ( site of works ) and area benefiting from the works ( such as water catchment area ). Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Climate resilience subprojects completed ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator conting the number of climate resilience subprojects completed under component 3. Covers water harvesting tanks, drainage systems and septage tank access ways. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Project Management, M & E, Capacity-Building, Research and Learning Grievances registered related to the delivery of project benefits that are addressed Description Quantitative indicator counting number of grievances registered and addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 684, + 695, + "named" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "Project MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 130, + 141, + "Project MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 499, + 521, + "Project MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Environmental Management & Climate Resilience Landscapes under enhanced conservation and / or sustainable management ( terrestrial and inland water areas ) ( Hectare ( Ha ) ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of hectares ( total area ) of terrestrial and inland water areas enhanced by the interventions under component 3. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "Project MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating project implementation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other data sources", + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described in the context of monitoring project implementation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' appears as a term that refers to a management information system rather than a direct dataset itself. While the text mentions that it serves as a source for analyzing certain quantitative indicators, it does not explicitly present 'Project MIS' as a structured collection of data. Instead, it implies that the system supports the collection and processing of data necessary for project monitoring. This delineation between a system used for data management and a dataset itself is critical, as the former does not constitute a data source that can be analyzed without acknowledging its function as a tool. The model may have confused the term as a dataset because it was mentioned among other data sources and fits the pattern typically associated with dataset mentions, such as statistical assessments and record-keeping. However, the emphasis on it being a 'MIS' indicates that it plays a more infrastructural role than that of a dataset. Hence, \u2018Project MIS\u2019 should be seen as a system that aids in the collection and management of data rather than as an entity that is itself a dataset containing raw or processed data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' is better seen as a management information system supporting the collection and processing of data for project implementation, rather than as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 48, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF grievance redress mechanisms. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring of grievances through the GRMs. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF. MINEMA consolidates data for regular reporting. Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating that project investments reflect their needs. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding to a Likert scale or similar instrument. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members ( Percentage ) Description Composite first-order indicator composed of data from responses to questions gauging changes in horizontal and vertical social chesion in beneficiary communities. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 32, + 38, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Quarterly Data source MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF grievance redress mechanisms. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring of grievances through the GRMs.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection and reporting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a source for data collection", + "described in the context of grievance redress mechanisms" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, MINEMA appears as part of a list alongside other entities like BRD, RTDA, and BDF that are involved in grievance redress mechanisms. The term itself seems to refer to an organization or a governing body responsible for data collection rather than being a structured collection of data. The use of 'data source' implies that MINEMA is a source of data, but this does not classify it as a dataset in the strict sense. Since the context refers to it within a framework of methodologies for data collection, it reinforces the idea that MINEMA is part of a larger operational structure or an organizational element rather than a distinct dataset. The potential confusion for the extraction model could come from the proximity of MINEMA to discussions of data and its function in the grievance mechanisms, making it appear as if it should be categorized as a dataset. However, it is better described as an entity or system facilitating the collection of data rather than hosting the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA is not treated as a dataset in this context because it constitutes an organization or source involved in data collection, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "001_BOSIB-3f2311b3-9a20-44d3-b637-b3b2b3d21695", + "page": 48, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF grievance redress mechanisms. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring of grievances through the GRMs. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF. MINEMA consolidates data for regular reporting. Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating that project investments reflect their needs. Indictor is a composite of beneficiaries responding to a Likert scale or similar instrument. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey. Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA. Increase in social cohesion score between refugees and host community members ( Percentage ) Description Composite first-order indicator composed of data from responses to questions gauging changes in horizontal and vertical social chesion in beneficiary communities. Frequency Annual. Data source Annual survey. Methodology for Data Collection Survey Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 221, + 227, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Responsibility for Data Collection MINEMA, BRD, RTDA & BDF. MINEMA consolidates data for regular reporting. Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs ( Percentage ) Description Quantitative indicator counting proportion of beneficiaries indicating that project investments reflect their needs.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA refers to an organization responsible for data collection and reporting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other entities identified as data sources", + "specifies responsibility for data collection but does not itself contain data", + "described as consolidating data for reporting but not exclusively as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEMA' is referenced as an entity that consolidates data for reporting purposes, which suggests it is an organization or project responsible for overseeing data collection rather than a structured dataset itself. While the mention indicates that it plays a role in the data collection process, it does not imply that MINEMA functions as a standalone, organized dataset. The model may have been confused due to the phrase 'consolidates data for regular reporting,' which seems to parallel typical actions associated with datasets, yet it is crucial to recognize that a system or organization can store and manage data without actually being the dataset itself. This highlights the importance of differentiating between the entities with responsibilities related to data and those that are actual collections of data suitable for analysis. The term appears official and could be perceived as a dataset due to its capitalization and project-like nomenclature, but the clarity from its description as a consolidating body helps clarify its non-dataset status in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA serves as a responsible entity for data collection and reporting rather than a dataset, as it does not represent a structured collection of data but rather an organization involved in the data management process." + }, + { + "filename": "002_BOSIB-ca473522-8ad0-4c80-9f0d-88bf887f2a2f", + "page": 45, + "text": "The data is then disaggregated by gender, by youth ( < 30 years ) and refugee / host community status Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database. Crosstabulation of popualtion statistics with hecterage benefiting from enhanced environmental management. Geospatial mapping and disaggregation of land / aquatic zone type and activity taken in each area. Data collected by the implementing agency. Responsibility for Data Collection IA Monitoring and Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components Social and Economic Services & Infrastructure Climate-resilient infrastructure subprojects completed in target area ( Number ) Description Quantitative indicator counting number of infrastructure subprojects completed in target districts through component 1 ( 1. 1 & 1. 3 ). The data is then disaggregated by type of subproject. Frequency Quarterly Data source Project MIS and Project Progress Reports. Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. Responsibility for Data Collection IA People benefiting from Displacement Crisis Response Mechanism investments ( Number )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 214, + 226, + "named" + ], + [ + 134, + 145, + "MIS database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 954, + 965, + "MIS database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation. MIS database. Crosstabulation of popualtion statistics with hecterage benefiting from enhanced environmental management.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS database' refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring project implementation, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system to monitor project implementation", + "described in broad terms without specific details of the data it contains", + "not clearly identified as a source of structured records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS database' appears to function more as a reference to a system employed for project management rather than a standalone dataset. The term is mentioned without any specific records or indicators being discussed, which raises doubts about whether it should be considered a dataset. The preceding phrase highlights the purpose ('Methodology for Data Collection Monitoring project implementation'), implying that the MIS serves an operational or monitoring function rather than being the actual repository of data for analysis. A model might have been confused because 'MIS database' is a structured term often associated with data sources, and it is mentioned in a context where data-related terms are also present. However, it ultimately refers more to the infrastructure that holds and organizes data rather than the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS database' in this context is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that aids in project monitoring, lacking specific identification as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "003_BOSIB-850e0c11-07c1-4c9c-8d44-4286704221bd", + "page": 11, + "text": "Poverty headcount ratio at US $ 2. 15 a day ( 2017 PPP ) ( % of population ) - Niger. https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / SI. POV. DDAY? locations = NE 5 In the transport sector women hold less than one percent of jobs. Although data on women in technical roles is unavailable, their share is likely lower due to inadequate skills and strong gender norms. 6 When referring to host communities in this document, internally displaced persons are considered part of the host population unless noted otherwise. 7 P. Thenkabail et al. 2016. Global Food Security Support Analysis Data ( GFSAD ) Crop Dominance 2010 Global 1 km V001 [ Ddata set ]. NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments ( MEaSUREs ) NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC. https: / / lpdaac. usgs. gov / products / gfsad1kcdv001 /. 8 The TSR corridor is one of the oldest transnational road corridors in Africa. It is 4, 500 km long, crossing the Sahara Desert and linking Algeria, Chad, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Tunisia. 9 The TSH, or Trans-African Highway 5, connects Dakar, Senegal to N ' Djamena, Chad, passing through Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria. It links Niamey and Maradi in Niger with Burkina Faso and Nigeria, respectively. 10 These figures correspond to populations located within a 150-km radius from the RN1 Maradi \u2013 Zinder section ( WorldPop, 2020 ). 11 UNHCR. 2025. UNHCR Niger - Map Population of Concern - Mars 2025. https: / / data. unhcr. org / en / documents / details / 115551.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 546, + 588, + "named" + ], + [ + 79, + 84, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 519, + 539, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> author" + ], + [ + 540, + 544, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 651, + 655, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 735, + 739, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 989, + 994, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1139, + 1144, + "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2016. Global Food Security Support Analysis Data ( GFSAD ) Crop Dominance 2010 Global 1 km V001 [ Ddata set ]. NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments ( MEaSUREs ) NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC.", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data used for research or analysis related to food security.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "explicitly mentioned alongside a dataset label", + "structured collection of data inferred from context", + "appears in a context referring to data for research", + "relevant to a specific analytical purpose" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Food Security Support Analysis Data' refers to a structured collection of data specifically associated with agricultural and food security analyses, which is critical for informed research in related fields. It is presented alongside a tooled dataset descriptor [Ddata set], which strongly reinforces its role as a dataset rather than merely a project or system. The phrasing also indicates that it serves a particular research purpose rather than simply existing as part of an infrastructure. Potential confusion, however, might arise since it has the trappings of a project or initiative name (with 'Support Analysis' suggesting an operational focus), yet the specific mention of it within the context implies its use as a substantial data repository for analytical endeavors. Therefore, while the term has nuances that could lead to it being misinterpreted as some form of operational project or system, the contextual framing indicates its function as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Food Security Support Analysis Data' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly linked to data used for research and analysis, reinforced by surrounding structure that treats it as a relevant data source." + }, + { + "filename": "003_BOSIB-850e0c11-07c1-4c9c-8d44-4286704221bd", + "page": 11, + "text": "Poverty headcount ratio at US $ 2. 15 a day ( 2017 PPP ) ( % of population ) - Niger. https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / SI. POV. DDAY? locations = NE 5 In the transport sector women hold less than one percent of jobs. Although data on women in technical roles is unavailable, their share is likely lower due to inadequate skills and strong gender norms. 6 When referring to host communities in this document, internally displaced persons are considered part of the host population unless noted otherwise. 7 P. Thenkabail et al. 2016. Global Food Security Support Analysis Data ( GFSAD ) Crop Dominance 2010 Global 1 km V001 [ Ddata set ]. NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments ( MEaSUREs ) NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC. https: / / lpdaac. usgs. gov / products / gfsad1kcdv001 /. 8 The TSR corridor is one of the oldest transnational road corridors in Africa. It is 4, 500 km long, crossing the Sahara Desert and linking Algeria, Chad, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and Tunisia. 9 The TSH, or Trans-African Highway 5, connects Dakar, Senegal to N ' Djamena, Chad, passing through Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Nigeria. It links Niamey and Maradi in Niger with Burkina Faso and Nigeria, respectively. 10 These figures correspond to populations located within a 150-km radius from the RN1 Maradi \u2013 Zinder section ( WorldPop, 2020 ). 11 UNHCR. 2025. UNHCR Niger - Map Population of Concern - Mars 2025. https: / / data. unhcr. org / en / documents / details / 115551.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 740, + 746, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Global Food Security Support Analysis Data ( GFSAD ) Crop Dominance 2010 Global 1 km V001 [ Ddata set ]. NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments ( MEaSUREs ) NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC. https: / / lpdaac.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "EOSDIS refers to the Earth Observing System Data and Information System, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a part of a data system", + "described as an information system rather than a dataset", + "follows a specific dataset mention without indicating it is a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'EOSDIS' refers to the Earth Observing System Data and Information System, which is an operational framework for managing the data from NASA's Earth observation satellites. The context indicates that EOSDIS is participating in the ecosystem of data management, as evidenced by phrases like 'NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments', which focuses more on data infrastructure rather than a concrete dataset being analyzed. The terminology and phrasing surrounding EOSDIS suggest it is a system or an organizational entity that facilitates access to various datasets but is not a dataset in itself. The potential confusion for the model could arise from its mention after 'NASA' and before 'Land Processes DAAC', which might mislead the extraction model into thinking it was a standalone dataset due to its proper noun naming convention and the surrounding context that implies a connection to data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EOSDIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a system that manages and provides access to datasets rather than being an actual dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "003_BOSIB-850e0c11-07c1-4c9c-8d44-4286704221bd", + "page": 17, + "text": "The project supports these initiatives by investing in the RN1 catchment area between Maradi and Zinder, using a \u201c basins of integration \u201d approach51 to unlock the economic potential of the subregion. 43 Ministry of Transport of Niger. 2015. Study on Intermediary Means of Transport for Rural Logistics ( French ). 44 Open-air kilichi production is laborious and time consuming, taking two or three days or longer during rainy seasons. 45 Transporting onions can require time, taking up to 15 days, and may result in a 6 or 7 percent loss. 46 International Monetary Fund. 2022. Financial GoInclusion in Niger: Challenges and Opportunities. 47 The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database reports that commercial banks \u2019 loan portfolio share or both agropastoral production and logistics amounted to only US $ 15. 61 million, equivalent to 1 percent of the total outstanding loan portfolio \u2014 the lowest in the UEMOA region. 48 WHO. 2023. Global Status Report on Road Safety 2023. Available at: https: / / cdn. who. int / media / docs / default-source / country-profiles / road-safety / road-safety-2023-ner. pdf? sfvrsn = dd3f54fa_3 & download = true 49 \" Similarly, the provisions of Article 15 of Law No. 2014-62 of November 5, 2014, regulate the age of all vehicles at the time of importation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 647, + 711, + "named" + ], + [ + 236, + 240, + "Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 572, + 576, + "Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 744, + 764, + "Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database <> data description" + ], + [ + 933, + 945, + "Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Financial GoInclusion in Niger: Challenges and Opportunities. 47 The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database reports that commercial banks \u2019 loan portfolio share or both agropastoral production and logistics amounted to only US $ 15. 61 million, equivalent to 1 percent of the total outstanding loan portfolio \u2014 the lowest in the UEMOA region.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database is a structured collection of statistical data related to agriculture and food, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'reports that'", + "described as a database", + "provides structured statistical data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database' is used in a context that indicates it is providing specific statistical data about loan portfolios related to agropastoral production and logistics. The phrase 'reports that' suggests that this entity is a source of data rather than just a system or tool, implying that it is actively disseminating statistics that have been derived from its structured records. It's clear that this is not merely referred to as a project name or an abstract system; it is directly associated with the provision of actual data. However, confusion could arise from its title being long and resembling a project name or a management information system; thus models might mistakenly categorize it as a non-dataset entity if broader contextual cues suggesting its role as a data provider are overlooked. Overall, given these contextual cues, it is reasonable to categorize this term as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is treated as a dataset because it reports specific statistical data and is explicitly referred to as a database." + }, + { + "filename": "003_BOSIB-850e0c11-07c1-4c9c-8d44-4286704221bd", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Southern Niger Connectivity and Integration Project ( P179770 ) Page 37 of women to physically access obstetric care in the project area. Frequency At baseline, midterm, and after completion Data source A survey on rural accessibility will be used to collect mobility data on the impact of the newly rehabilitated and upgraded rural roads on people \u2019 s access to health services, particularly on women \u2019 s travel time to access obstetric care in the project areas. Methodology for Data Collection - Prepare a GEMS form to collect mobility data from a sample of women beneficiaries of maternity services. - Measure the reduction in travel time compared to the baseline value ( based on a GIS transportation model which relies on mix of modelled data and empirical data ). Responsibility for Data Collection General Directorate for Public Health ( DGSP ) / ministry in charge of public health and social affairs, in collaboration with some World Bank experts. Length of rehabilitated RN1 Maradi \u2013 Zinder section incorporating climate resilience measures ( Km ) Description This indicator measures the total length, in kilometers, of the RN1 road between Maradi and Zinder that has been rehabilitated taking into account climate resilience measures.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 524, + 528, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency At baseline, midterm, and after completion Data source A survey on rural accessibility will be used to collect mobility data on the impact of the newly rehabilitated and upgraded rural roads on people \u2019 s access to health services, particularly on women \u2019 s travel time to access obstetric care in the project areas. Methodology for Data Collection - Prepare a GEMS form to collect mobility data from a sample of women beneficiaries of maternity services. - Measure the reduction in travel time compared to the baseline value ( based on a GIS transportation model which relies on mix of modelled data and empirical data ).", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a form or tool used for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a 'GEMS form' for data collection", + "described as a tool in methodology", + "not treated as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is specifically referred to as a form used to collect data from women beneficiaries regarding their travel to maternity services. The phrasing suggests it functions more as a methodology or tool for gathering and organizing data (i.e., a data collection instrument) rather than a repository of structured data itself. The confusion may arise because the term is capitalized and might sound like it refers to a system or formal dataset; however, the key indicators are its explicit mention as form and methodology rather than as a structured collection. It lacks the characteristics of a traditional dataset that would consolidate or store data independently.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is described as a form for data collection, not as a dataset or collection of data itself, thus it does not fit the definition of a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "004_BOSIB-87c444de-4797-4bf9-b654-4932a7fb0112", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project ( P506969 ) PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT Page 34 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components Component 1: Social Safety Nets Systems Beneficiaries of the SBCC sessions reporting improved human development practices due to project interventions ( Percentage ) Description Indicator measures percentage of beneficiafries participating in SBCC sessions who report that they have adopted improved practices that promote better HD outcomes following implementation of the SBCC intervention. In addition to determining the performance against this indicator, the MASS will also provide detailed absolute numbers of participants disagregated by gender, and refugees. Frequency Twice in the life of the project - in the second and fourth year Data source Beneficiary Assessment ( BA ) Methodology for Data Collection The MASS will hire a consultant to conduct two BAs during the project life, one in the second year and another in the fourth / final year. The BA will provide various sets of information about project performance based on beneficiary feedback \u2013 including providing updates to this particular indicator. Responsibility for Data Collection MASS - based on a BA report that will be produced by a consultant that the MASS will hire. Of which women ( Number of people ) Description Indicator will measure women participation in the SBCC and the BA as well as their perception with regard to the indicator.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 642, + 646, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Community Resilience Project ( P506969 ) PROJECT APPRAISAL DOCUMENT Page 34 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators by Components Component 1: Social Safety Nets Systems Beneficiaries of the SBCC sessions reporting improved human development practices due to project interventions ( Percentage ) Description Indicator measures percentage of beneficiafries participating in SBCC sessions who report that they have adopted improved practices that promote better HD outcomes following implementation of the SBCC intervention. In addition to determining the performance against this indicator, the MASS will also provide detailed absolute numbers of participants disagregated by gender, and refugees. Frequency Twice in the life of the project - in the second and fourth year Data source Beneficiary Assessment ( BA ) Methodology for Data Collection The MASS will hire a consultant to conduct two BAs during the project life, one in the second year and another in the fourth / final year.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "MASS refers to a program responsible for data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as providing detailed absolute numbers of participants", + "associated with a Beneficiary Assessment methodology", + "not presented as a data source but as a system for conducting assessments" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MASS' is not treated as a concrete dataset holding structured data but rather as a program or system designed to facilitate data collection and monitoring. The text mentions that MASS will provide numbers of participants, but this indicates a role in collecting or processing data rather than constituting a dataset itself. It lacks the explicit markers that would define it as a dataset source\u2014such as usage in analysis or being cataloged as a singular collection of structured information. The model may have been confused by the phrasing in 'The MASS will also provide...' and the capitalization that suggests importance, leading it to classify it as a dataset erroneously. This highlights a possible misunderstanding around programmatic descriptors being seen as data sources when they are more of a framework or methodology aiding data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MASS' serves as a system to conduct and analyze beneficiary assessments, but it does not act as a dataset itself. It lacks the characteristics of a structured collection of data, reinforcing that it is more of a framework or project responsible for data collection rather than an inherent data source." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 10, + "text": "The literacy rate for adults aged 15 and older is 98 percent, and the share of adults aged 15 and above who had no formal education has declined from 19. 2 percent in 1950 to a projected 1. 8 percent in 2020. 8 Younger cohorts are also attaining more years of education; 1 Source: Macro Poverty Outlook for Costa Rica: April 2024; 2 Source: World Development Indicators ( WDI ) https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / NE. TRD. GNFS. ZS? locations = CR 3 Source: World Economic Outlook ( WEO ), October 2023, https: / / www. imf. org / external / datamapper / LUR @ WEO / CRI? zoom = CRI & highlight = CRI 4 World Bank estimates using administrative records and annual statistical reports from the Directorate General of Migrants and Foreigners. https: / / www. migracion. go. cr / Paginas / Centro % 20de % 20Documentaci % C3 % B3n / Estad % C3 % ADsticas. aspx. 5 World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal - Costa Rica. 6 World Bank, GFFDR, ThinkHazard! Portal. 7 Ibid 8 Source: https: / / ourworldindata. org /", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 341, + 369, + "named" + ], + [ + 22, + 46, + "World Development Indicators <> reference population" + ], + [ + 167, + 171, + "World Development Indicators <> reference year" + ], + [ + 203, + 207, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 307, + 317, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 325, + 329, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 372, + 375, + "World Development Indicators <> acronym" + ], + [ + 613, + 623, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 871, + 881, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 917, + 927, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 931, + 941, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 percent in 2020. 8 Younger cohorts are also attaining more years of education; 1 Source: Macro Poverty Outlook for Costa Rica: April 2024; 2 Source: World Development Indicators ( WDI ) https: / / data. worldbank.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to global development metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source", + "properly formatted as a dataset reference", + "context indicates a structured collection of information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'World Development Indicators' is explicitly referred to as a source. The phrasing 'Source: World Development Indicators (WDI)' indicates that it is being used as a reference for data in the analysis, suggesting it is a structured collection of information rather than just an infrastructure or project. While the term could technically refer to a collection of indicators or a system that feeds into the analysis, in the academic context of this excerpt, it is clearly operating as a dataset, particularly given the formal naming convention and its associations with international development metrics. The model might have confused it with a system or project name given the structured format and the abbreviation (WDI), but it is well established as a dataset in research on global development.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' is treated as a dataset because it is referenced as a source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 11, + "text": "The World Bank Costa Rica Results in Education ( CORE ) ( P181174 ) Page 2 according to the National Household Survey data for age cohorts from the National Institute for Statistics and the Census, while a little over 40 percent of individuals aged 55-59 in 2023 had completed at least lower secondary education ( 9 years of education ), this number more than doubles to 85 percent of 20-24 year olds. The 2020 Human Capital Index shows that a child born in Costa Rica can expect to be 63 percent as productive with the current education and health services as he or she could be if he or she enjoyed complete education and full health, which is slightly higher than the LAC average of 60 percent. 9 Costa Rica aspires to go beyond being among the best in the LAC region, to be on the global vanguard of the digital age, with education outcomes on par with the OECD, a highly skilled workforce, and a transformative digitalization and management agenda. Foundational Learning 5. National assessments show weakness in foundational learning, and learning outcomes are strongly correlated to socioeconomic conditions, which points to the need for foundational learning with deeper attention to the education outcomes of students from poorer families.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 92, + 117, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 232, + 254, + "National Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 258, + 262, + "National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 385, + 400, + "National Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 458, + 468, + "National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Costa Rica Results in Education ( CORE ) ( P181174 ) Page 2 according to the National Household Survey data for age cohorts from the National Institute for Statistics and the Census, while a little over 40 percent of individuals aged 55-59 in 2023 had completed at least lower secondary education ( 9 years of education ), this number more than doubles to 85 percent of 20-24 year olds. The 2020 Human Capital Index shows that a child born in Costa Rica can expect to be 63 percent as productive with the current education and health services as he or she could be if he or she enjoyed complete education and full health, which is slightly higher than the LAC average of 60 percent.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding education and socioeconomic conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to' indicating it is a data source", + "described in the context of providing specific statistics regarding education", + "clearly indicated as data from the National Institute for Statistics and the Census" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The mention of the 'National Household Survey' is immediately preceded by the phrase 'according to', which clearly establishes it as a source of the data discussed. Additionally, the National Household Survey is presented in the context of educational statistics, showing clear relevance as a dataset. While it could be interpreted as more of a project or system, the specific reference to data and its source supports the interpretation of it as a dataset in this context. There could be confusion if the model were to misinterpret 'National Household Survey' as only the title of a project without appreciating its role in providing structured, analytical data for the discussion at hand. The inclusion of the National Institute for Statistics and the Census further supports its status as data rather than just an organizational project or system,", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Household Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data used for analysis, providing concrete statistics related to education." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 11, + "text": "Costa Rica reactivated standardized national assessments in 2023; the first results from 2023 were released in March 2024 and indicated that about a third of the students at the end of Primary schooling are at the \u201c basic \u201d level of learning. Internationally comparable Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ) data for Costa Rica for 2018 shows that while 28 percent of children from families in the top quintile of the PISA index for economic, social and cultural status were below Level 2 on Reading in PISA ( considered the minimum of adequate performance ), 72 percent of children from families from the lowest quintile of the PISA index were below level 2. Foundational learning ( literacy and numeracy ) in early grades paves the way for future learning, and differences in educational attainment become magnified through youth and adult life in the acquisition of human capital. Without any claims regarding causation, it is useful to look at labor earnings, which are more closely related to human capital than earnings from other assets. OECD figures show that 32 percent of 25 \u2013 64-year-olds in Costa Rica with low levels of educational attainment ( below upper-secondary education ) earned less than half of the median earnings for the country and were thus at risk of poverty, if not already poor. 10 Employability 6.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 270, + 316, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 10, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 319, + 323, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 335, + 345, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 350, + 354, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1063, + 1067, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1121, + 1131, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Costa Rica reactivated standardized national assessments in 2023; the first results from 2023 were released in March 2024 and indicated that about a third of the students at the end of Primary schooling are at the \u201c basic \u201d level of learning. Internationally comparable Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ) data for Costa Rica for 2018 shows that while 28 percent of children from families in the top quintile of the PISA index for economic, social and cultural status were below Level 2 on Reading in PISA ( considered the minimum of adequate performance ), 72 percent of children from families from the lowest quintile of the PISA index were below level 2. Foundational learning ( literacy and numeracy ) in early grades paves the way for future learning, and differences in educational attainment become magnified through youth and adult life in the acquisition of human capital.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a structured collection of data that evaluates educational systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as Internationally comparable data", + "mentioned in the context of standardized assessments", + "appears in relation to educational performance metrics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Programme for International Student Assessment' (PISA) is used to refer to specific data collected from an international testing program related to student performance in reading and other subjects. While PISA itself is a program that encompasses a set of assessments, it is directly linked to the data it generates and is often treated as a dataset in educational research. The contextual clue that it is described as delivering 'internationally comparable data' suggests that the term is referring specifically to the results and statistics generated by the assessments, not merely the program as a management system. The model might have been confused by the use of a proper name that denotes both a project and a type of data collection, leading it to label it as a named dataset. However, since the context directly links it to the evaluation of student performance through structured data collection, it can be definitively treated as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Programme for International Student Assessment' is treated as a dataset because it is directly associated with specific educational data outcomes from standardized assessments." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 13, + "text": "These measures would allow the MEP to optimize its management and fulfil its mandate to ensure that resources are used effectively to support the learning and development of students throughout the country. 17 Inclusion: Gender, Refugees and Migrants, and Indigenous Peoples 11. Gender parity between boys and girls to access STEAM related jobs is a challenge on which Costa Rica has made progress, but more policy action is needed. PISA 2022 mean scores for Costa Rica in Reading are above LAC \u2019 s average ( 415 vs. 400 ), as well as mean scores in Mathematics ( 385 vs. 374 ) and Sciences ( 411 vs. 400 ). Figure 1a shows that there is a statistically significant gender gap in Mathematics but not in Reading and Science as observed in PISA data. Looking at graduates of pre-university technical education ( mainly technical stream secondary education ) one finds an interesting pattern comparing three specializations ( Figure 1b ). Gender disparities are high in Electronics and Automation, less in Software Development and were recently eliminated in Network and Database Design. The final example of Network and Database Design in Figure 1b shows that gender disparity can be overcome in a short period of time.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 433, + 437, + "named" + ], + [ + 369, + 379, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 438, + 442, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 459, + 469, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 738, + 747, + "PISA <> data type" + ], + [ + 760, + 807, + "PISA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1288, + "PISA <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Gender parity between boys and girls to access STEAM related jobs is a challenge on which Costa Rica has made progress, but more policy action is needed. PISA 2022 mean scores for Costa Rica in Reading are above LAC \u2019 s average ( 415 vs. 400 ), as well as mean scores in Mathematics ( 385 vs.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a study that collects and analyzes data on students' performance in reading, mathematics, and science across different countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019 or similar context", + "described as having mean scores in Reading and Mathematics", + "reference to explicit numerical data (mean scores)", + "context implies performance assessment framework with identifiable metrics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the highlighted context, 'PISA' is referring to the Programme for International Student Assessment. It is clearly being used in a manner that suggests it is a source of measurable performance data. The specific mention of 'mean scores' in Reading and Mathematics reinforces the idea that we are talking about collected assessment data that has been analyzed and compared against averages (in this case, LAC). While 'PISA' itself could slightly blur the lines of having a system-based or project-type connotation as it represents a framework rather than merely raw data, the context in which it's presented indicates it functions as a dataset for the purposes of the analysis since it directly provides numerical data on educational outcomes. The model may have been confused due to 'PISA' being an acronym that could imply an organization or a broader project, yet in this case, it is used as a data source for academic performance, justifying its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is treated as a dataset because it refers to a systematic collection of data measuring student performance, indicated by specific mean scores, making it a valid source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 13, + "text": "These measures would allow the MEP to optimize its management and fulfil its mandate to ensure that resources are used effectively to support the learning and development of students throughout the country. 17 Inclusion: Gender, Refugees and Migrants, and Indigenous Peoples 11. Gender parity between boys and girls to access STEAM related jobs is a challenge on which Costa Rica has made progress, but more policy action is needed. PISA 2022 mean scores for Costa Rica in Reading are above LAC \u2019 s average ( 415 vs. 400 ), as well as mean scores in Mathematics ( 385 vs. 374 ) and Sciences ( 411 vs. 400 ). Figure 1a shows that there is a statistically significant gender gap in Mathematics but not in Reading and Science as observed in PISA data. Looking at graduates of pre-university technical education ( mainly technical stream secondary education ) one finds an interesting pattern comparing three specializations ( Figure 1b ). Gender disparities are high in Electronics and Automation, less in Software Development and were recently eliminated in Network and Database Design. The final example of Network and Database Design in Figure 1b shows that gender disparity can be overcome in a short period of time.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 738, + 742, + "named" + ], + [ + 369, + 379, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 438, + 442, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 459, + 469, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 738, + 747, + "PISA <> data type" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1288, + "PISA <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "400 ). Figure 1a shows that there is a statistically significant gender gap in Mathematics but not in Reading and Science as observed in PISA data. Looking at graduates of pre-university technical education ( mainly technical stream secondary education ) one finds an interesting pattern comparing three specializations ( Figure 1b ).", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a study that collects and analyzes data on student performance across various subjects, making it a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as 'PISA data'", + "describes data on student performance", + "indicates statistical analysis based on records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is clearly referenced as a source of data, indicated by the phrase 'as observed in PISA data.' This suggests that the analysis presented in the document derives directly from the data collected by the PISA assessment. Since PISA is widely understood to refer to the Programme for International Student Assessment\u2014which is specifically focused on collecting and analyzing data on student performance\u2014this occurrence aligns well with the characteristics of a dataset. However, a model might have confused it because 'PISA' might sound like a project name or system; yet, in this case, it is more about the data that PISA generates and the structured records that come from it. The context reinforces this interpretation rather than suggesting it's merely a system or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'PISA' functions as a dataset because it refers explicitly to the data collected by the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is used for analysis, indicating it contains structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 13, + "text": "Two recent studies provide a detailed general analysis of policy options. 18 For STEAM courses, the causes relate to: ( i ) enjoyment of reading and preference for mathematics; ( ii ) self-efficacy or belief in own capabilities, often reinforced by teachers; ( iii ) parental support or lack thereof due to low socioeconomic status; ( iv ) teacher preparation to deal effectively with diversity. Figure 1a: PISA learning assessment scores: gender comparison Source: PISA; Differences greater than the grey bands ( + or - two standard errors ) are statistically significant. 16 Source: Government Budget for 2024 and MEP School Census data from 2023. 17 Program-Based budgeting at a government-wide level is being implemented under the Fiscal Management Improvement Project ( P172352, Loan 9075-CR ), known as Hacienda Digital. Investing in readiness to implement program-based budgeting at MEP, the biggest Ministry ( in terms of budget and staff ) is a priority for the Government of Costa Rica. 18 Desigualdades por g\u00e9nero en Primaria y Secundaria, Chapter 4 in Noveno Estado de la Educaci\u00f3n, 2023; and Villlobos and Azofeifa, La paradoja en educaci\u00f3n, alta inversi\u00f3n del PIB y alta brechas de g\u00e9nero, Logos ( II ) 1, 2021.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 407, + 411, + "named" + ], + [ + 644, + 648, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1095, + 1099, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1105, + 1127, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1224, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "18 For STEAM courses, the causes relate to: ( i ) enjoyment of reading and preference for mathematics; ( ii ) self-efficacy or belief in own capabilities, often reinforced by teachers; ( iii ) parental support or lack thereof due to low socioeconomic status; ( iv ) teacher preparation to deal effectively with diversity. Figure 1a: PISA learning assessment scores: gender comparison Source: PISA; Differences greater than the grey bands ( + or - two standard errors ) are statistically significant. 16 Source: Government Budget for 2024 and MEP School Census data from 2023.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset that collects and analyzes educational performance data across countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Source: PISA\u2019", + "described as learning assessment scores", + "referenced in the context of educational data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' clearly refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment scores, which are a specific set of learning assessment results. The context shows that these scores are used to evaluate gender comparisons in educational performance, aligning with behaviors we typically associate with a dataset. The text specifically attributes the scores to PISA, indicating that it acts as a source of data. Although PISA itself is an assessment program, in this particular sentence, it is functioning as a dataset because it directly relates to reported scores and is implied to be a structured source of aggregated data. The potential confusion could arise from the fact that the term could also represent the overarching program as a conceptual framework rather than just the data gathered from it; however, the explicit reference to 'scores' clarifies its processed output as a dataset in this context rather than the program itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly linked to specific assessment scores used in analysis, indicating its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 13, + "text": "Two recent studies provide a detailed general analysis of policy options. 18 For STEAM courses, the causes relate to: ( i ) enjoyment of reading and preference for mathematics; ( ii ) self-efficacy or belief in own capabilities, often reinforced by teachers; ( iii ) parental support or lack thereof due to low socioeconomic status; ( iv ) teacher preparation to deal effectively with diversity. Figure 1a: PISA learning assessment scores: gender comparison Source: PISA; Differences greater than the grey bands ( + or - two standard errors ) are statistically significant. 16 Source: Government Budget for 2024 and MEP School Census data from 2023. 17 Program-Based budgeting at a government-wide level is being implemented under the Fiscal Management Improvement Project ( P172352, Loan 9075-CR ), known as Hacienda Digital. Investing in readiness to implement program-based budgeting at MEP, the biggest Ministry ( in terms of budget and staff ) is a priority for the Government of Costa Rica. 18 Desigualdades por g\u00e9nero en Primaria y Secundaria, Chapter 4 in Noveno Estado de la Educaci\u00f3n, 2023; and Villlobos and Azofeifa, La paradoja en educaci\u00f3n, alta inversi\u00f3n del PIB y alta brechas de g\u00e9nero, Logos ( II ) 1, 2021.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 466, + 470, + "named" + ], + [ + 644, + 648, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 985, + 995, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1095, + 1099, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1105, + 1127, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1224, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "18 For STEAM courses, the causes relate to: ( i ) enjoyment of reading and preference for mathematics; ( ii ) self-efficacy or belief in own capabilities, often reinforced by teachers; ( iii ) parental support or lack thereof due to low socioeconomic status; ( iv ) teacher preparation to deal effectively with diversity. Figure 1a: PISA learning assessment scores: gender comparison Source: PISA; Differences greater than the grey bands ( + or - two standard errors ) are statistically significant. 16 Source: Government Budget for 2024 and MEP School Census data from 2023.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset that collects and analyzes educational performance data across countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source: PISA'", + "described in context related to learning assessment scores" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' distinctly refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is recognized globally for its systematic collection and analysis of educational performance data. The placement of the term directly following a colon, 'Source: PISA', indicates that the subsequent data about learning assessment scores originates from this program. The mention of statistical significance suggests that PISA is being used as a reliable, quantifiable dataset rather than simply a project or initiative. While PISA also encompasses a broader initiative that includes methodologies and assessments, in this instance, its usage aligns closely with it being treated as the source of specific data rather than just an overarching project. Therefore, the model likely categorized this as a dataset due to its contextual application as a source for statistical data in educational performance analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is treated as a dataset since it functions as a source for learning assessment scores, supported by its mention as a direct source and the nature of the data it provides." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Costa Rica Results in Education ( CORE ) ( P181174 ) Page 9 25. Subcomponent 1. 2: Information Systems Modernization ( US $ 10 million ). The administrative reform will be accompanied by inter-related interventions in information systems, harmonized with the Hacienda Digital project of the Ministry of Finance ( MH ) and other Government systems such as the National System of Information and Single Registry ( SINIRUBE ). Figure 2 is a color-coded schematic showing the inter-related systems to be reformed: Education Infrastructure, Human Talent including Teachers, Student Welfare ( Scholarships, School Feeding and Transportation ), expansion of the migratory module in SABER, School Management, and management of non-university colleges regulated by MEP ( Educaci\u00f3n Parauniversitaria ). This subcomponent will finance consultancy firms and individuals and procurement for the development, deployment, licensing, and hosting of software. A limited number of computer purchases would be included in the subcomponent, but systems would be hosted on cloud servers with MEP computers accessing the cloud servers through secure connections.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 374, + 424, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "National System of Information and Single Registry <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2: Information Systems Modernization ( US $ 10 million ). The administrative reform will be accompanied by inter-related interventions in information systems, harmonized with the Hacienda Digital project of the Ministry of Finance ( MH ) and other Government systems such as the National System of Information and Single Registry ( SINIRUBE ). Figure 2 is a color-coded schematic showing the inter-related systems to be reformed: Education Infrastructure, Human Talent including Teachers, Student Welfare ( Scholarships, School Feeding and Transportation ), expansion of the migratory module in SABER, School Management, and management of non-university colleges regulated by MEP ( Educaci\u00f3n Parauniversitaria ).", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National System of Information and Single Registry is a structured collection of data used for administrative and educational purposes, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other systems and interventions", + "described in relation to administrative reform", + "not explicitly used as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National System of Information and Single Registry' is associated with broader administrative reforms and is listed among other government systems and projects. While it may contain data, it is not directly described or positioned as a dataset being utilized for analysis; rather, it serves as part of the infrastructure related to information systems. The mention follows a description of interventions and projects (like the Hacienda Digital project), which leans toward it being more of a governance or information system than a standalone dataset. Moreover, the term does not directly follow an indication that it is the primary data source or is being used for analytical purposes. The potential source of confusion for the model likely stems from the term looking like a proper noun and being situated within a list of systems, which might suggest it is a potential data source, even though the text does not explicitly clarify this.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, the 'National System of Information and Single Registry' is better understood as an infrastructure system supporting administrative functions, rather than a specific dataset utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "005_BOSIB-8191b179-7209-4faa-b5e0-11783bcd492d", + "page": 36, + "text": "Frequency Annual Data source MEP Curriculum Department Methodology for Data Collection PIU memo Responsibility for Data Collection PIU IRI 2. 1. 3. Percentage of preschool, primary and secondary schools receiving educational resources for foundational learning Description This indicator measures the share of preschool, primary and secondary schools out of the total number of schools in the system receiving education resources developed or validated as part of the Project for foundational learning. Frequency Annual Data source MEP Department of Statistics Methodology for Data Collection Annual end-of-year school survey with module on foundational learning Responsibility for Data Collection MEP Department of Statistics IRI 2. 1. 4 My Foundational Learning Professional Development Plan platform for teachers, school administrators and pedagogical advisors Description The indicator measures the use of an application developed under the Project for teachers, schools administrators and pedagogical advisors at the Preschool, Primary, and Secondary levels Frequency Annual Data source MEP Curriculum Department Methodology for Data Collection The App will generate realtime statistics from which data will be downloaded by the PIU for this indicator. Responsibility for Data Collection PIU IRI 2. 1. 5 National foundational learning campaign", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 742, + 793, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. 4 My Foundational Learning Professional Development Plan platform for teachers, school administrators and pedagogical advisors Description The indicator measures the use of an application developed under the Project for teachers, schools administrators and pedagogical advisors at the Preschool, Primary, and Secondary levels Frequency Annual Data source MEP Curriculum Department Methodology for Data Collection The App will generate realtime statistics from which data will be downloaded by the PIU for this indicator. Responsibility for Data Collection PIU IRI 2.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The term refers to an application developed for professional development, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as an application developed under a project; mentioned in the context of a platform for professional development, not as a data source; generates statistics but does not constitute a dataset itself", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, while the term 'Foundational Learning Professional Development Plan' might resemble an actual dataset or data source, it is primarily described as a platform or application designed for professional development for educators. The phrase 'app will generate realtime statistics' indicates that it provides outputs but does not transform it into a dataset in the conventional sense. The context makes it clear that the term refers more to operational infrastructure rather than a structured collection of data, despite potential confusion due to its capitalized and formal naming. A model could mistakenly interpret it as a dataset because it is associated with data statistics and placed prominently in the analysis, following phrases that usually cue data sources. However, clarity comes from examining its primary function as a developmental tool rather than a data repository. Thus, it is better understood as an infrastructure rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a platform for professional development and is not a dataset itself, as it does not constitute a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "006_BOSIB-2c22668f-f4ba-42f5-a0d1-7949b7b8fe34", + "page": 11, + "text": "The participation rate in the labor force is low, and only 31 percent of the working-age population is employed. 5 The capital-intensive mining sector, the prime export earner ( securing over 70 percent of export receipts ), contributed 17. 5 percent of GDP in 2021 but only 2 percent of employment. 6 Lusaka and the mineral-rich Copperbelt Province contribute over half of GDP, while the other eight provinces combined contribute the rest. By contrast, agriculture is high in labor intensity ( 24 percent of total employment ) but with low productivity ( the contribution to GDP was 3. 4 percent in 2021 ). 7 4. Zambia \u2019 s economy and population are highly vulnerable to climate change. The country \u2019 s dependence on rainfed agriculture, which employs two-thirds of the workforce, and on hydropower makes it particularly vulnerable to climate shocks, threatening food production, electricity supply, and economic growth. While the country experiences low exposure to natural disaster risks in general, resilience is hindered by social vulnerability. Adverse impacts of climate change include increased frequency and severity of seasonal droughts, higher temperatures, flash floods, occasional dry spells, and changes in the growing season. In agriculture, the key risk stemming from climate change is the projected lower maize yields, as this is the country \u2019 s staple crop. Zambia is currently experiencing drought conditions in 84 of its 116 1 Zamstats. gov. zm. 2 Zambia Statistics Agency. 2023. Highlights of the 2022 Poverty Assessment in Zambia. World Bank. 2023. Zambia Gender Assessment. 3 Zambia: Selected Issues, IMF, 2023. 4 2022 Census of Population and Housing, GRZ 2023. 5 According to the 2021 Labour Force Survey Report by Zamstat, the working-age population ( 15 and older ) is 10 million, of which only 3. 1 million are employed. 6 Zambia: Selected Issues, IMF, 2023. 7 Zambia: Selected Issues, IMF, 2023.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1710, + 1736, + "named" + ], + [ + 77, + 99, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> reference population" + ], + [ + 261, + 265, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> publication year" + ], + [ + 330, + 349, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> data geography" + ], + [ + 600, + 604, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> reference year" + ], + [ + 613, + 619, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1376, + 1382, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1545, + 1551, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1571, + 1577, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1705, + 1709, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1740, + 1747, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1753, + 1775, + "Labour Force Survey Report <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4 2022 Census of Population and Housing, GRZ 2023. 5 According to the 2021 Labour Force Survey Report by Zamstat, the working-age population ( 15 and older ) is 10 million, of which only 3. 1 million are employed.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labour Force Survey Report is a structured collection of data regarding employment and labor force participation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described as a report containing data", + "provides specific statistics about the labor force" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Labour Force Survey Report' is explicitly referenced in a way that implies it contains specific data about the labor force, which is consistent with it being a dataset. The phrase 'According to the 2021 Labour Force Survey Report by Zamstat' suggests that the report is being used as a data source for the employment statistics that follow. The text does not frame it as a project or system, but rather as a source of specific data, which aligns it more closely with being a dataset. The potential confusion could stem from the term 'report', which sometimes can imply a broader project or management information system; however, given the context of it providing structured labor force statistics, it fits the definition of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Labour Force Survey Report' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as a specific source providing detailed employment statistics, clearly indicating it contains data and serves as a basis for the provided analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "006_BOSIB-2c22668f-f4ba-42f5-a0d1-7949b7b8fe34", + "page": 19, + "text": "It is anticipated that the improvement of rural access road infrastructure will increase both mobility and trade to and from the settlement for refugees and host communities. Current electrical supply is poor, with households relying mostly on kerosene lanterns, candles, flashlights, and generators for lighting and cell phone charging. Enhanced transport and energy will also stimulate retail business and production. The upgrading and expansion of school infrastructure will improve learning outcomes, enhance teacher retention and new recruitment, and afford greater dignity to boarding pupils, especially girls, as many are currently sharing beds due to the lack of capacity. The provision of modern WASH facilities will support greater school attendance \u2014 especially for girls whose attendance is often curtailed due to lack of access to hygiene services26 \u2014 and improve the health of students who are at increased risk of waterborne diseases such as cholera in the rainy season given the current overreliance on pit latrines. ( a ) Transport infrastructure: Meheba settlement main access road and Mwafwe bridge ( US $ 3 million ). The overall state of rural roads within the Meheba settlement remains one of the main bottlenecks to the development of that settlement into an economically viable area. Results from various studies such as the 23 Zambia 2022 Census of Population and Housing, Central Statistical Office Zambia, 2023. 24 One Meheba Local Area Plan, Planning Survey and Issues Report, GRZ, 2023. 25 One Meheba Local Area Plan, Planning Survey and Issues Report, GRZ, 2023. 26 \u201c Many girls choose not to attend classes at certain times due to the lack of appropriate washing and hygiene facilities, \u201d School headmaster, Kalumbila District, February 2024.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1352, + 1396, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The overall state of rural roads within the Meheba settlement remains one of the main bottlenecks to the development of that settlement into an economically viable area. Results from various studies such as the 23 Zambia 2022 Census of Population and Housing, Central Statistical Office Zambia, 2023. 24 One Meheba Local Area Plan, Planning Survey and Issues Report, GRZ, 2023.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of demographic data collected during the census, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of results", + "described as a census, indicating structured demographic data", + "associated with a governmental statistical office" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Zambia 2022 Census of Population and Housing' behaves like a dataset. The phrase specifically denotes a structured collection of data that has been systematically gathered during a census. The mention follows 'results from various studies' which implies it is being used as a reliable source of data for analysis. The term is also associated with the Central Statistical Office, suggesting it is recognized as an authoritative source of demographic information. Although some models might confuse it with a project or a system due to the formal naming convention and lengthy title, the explicit reference to it as a census indicates its role as a dataset rather than merely an administrative project or framework. In traditional data contexts, censuses are considered robust datasets because they provide structured and comprehensive demographic information needed for analysis and decision-making.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a formal census, which is inherently a dataset as it includes systematically collected demographic information." + }, + { + "filename": "007_BOSIB-e8e37b29-1d61-491d-8aad-23a07cf57740", + "page": 30, + "text": "Page 26 of 88 The World Bank Chad Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project ( P179238 ) activities and will be assisted by a team of M & E specialists in the four regional coordination units. The project will use the Geo-Enabling Monitoring System ( GEMS ) developed by the World Bank using geo-enabled methods to undertake M & E, particularly data collection in areas difficult to reach due to insecurity or conflict. It will also use third party monitoring where needed, through UN agencies, national NGOs, or firms hired by the PCU, to collect just-in-time information via mobile apps / tablets, building on geo-tagging of activities. As part of the legacy from ProPAD, provision has also been made for the project to use the toll-free number which permits collecting feedback directly from beneficiaries. 49. A baseline survey will be conducted during the first year of the project to establish the RF reference data and verify targets. Beneficiaries will be surveyed subsequently in year 3 ( mid \u2010 term ) and year 6 ( project end ) as part of surveys covering both reference and treatment samples, to track changes in their livelihood conditions attributable to project performance. M & E reports will be issued every six months on physical implementation and results monitoring. C. Sustainability 50. Sustainability considerations have been integrated into all project components.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 221, + 251, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Page 26 of 88 The World Bank Chad Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project ( P179238 ) activities and will be assisted by a team of M & E specialists in the four regional coordination units. The project will use the Geo-Enabling Monitoring System ( GEMS ) developed by the World Bank using geo-enabled methods to undertake M & E, particularly data collection in areas difficult to reach due to insecurity or conflict. It will also use third party monitoring where needed, through UN agencies, national NGOs, or firms hired by the PCU, to collect just-in-time information via mobile apps / tablets, building on geo-tagging of activities.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Geo-Enabling Monitoring System is a tool developed for monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a system developed for monitoring and evaluation", + "mentioned as a tool for data collection", + "indicates usage in a project context rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Geo-Enabling Monitoring System' indicates a specific tool developed by the World Bank for the purposes of monitoring and evaluation in the context of the Chad Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project. The surrounding text emphasizes its purpose for data collection in hard-to-reach areas, pointing to the idea that it is used to facilitate data gathering rather than presenting itself as a dataset. Although it may include structured data in its operation, the key distinction lies in its role as an operational tool within a project. A model may have confused this term for a dataset because it contains 'data collection' in its description, uses capitalized terminology that resembles proper names associated with datasets, and might be seen as functioning on the same level as other data sources mentioned in lists. However, since it is specifically labeled as a monitoring system rather than a source of structured records, it should not be treated as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Geo-Enabling Monitoring System is a tool for data collection and evaluation, not a dataset itself, because it functions within the project as an infrastructure for gathering data instead of being a collection of structured data records." + }, + { + "filename": "007_BOSIB-e8e37b29-1d61-491d-8aad-23a07cf57740", + "page": 87, + "text": "Firms \u2019 access to financial services, 2018 ( % firms ) Percent of firms with a checking or savings account Percent of firms with a bank loan / line of credit Source: World Bank Enterprise Surveys, 2018. 5. Financial inclusion in Chad is below SSA average and the lowest in CEMAC sub-region. In 2017, only 9 percent and 4 percent of Chad \u2019 s adult population had access to a formal bank account or to credit ( compared to 33 percent and 8. 4 percent in SSA respectively ). This is the lowest ratio within the CEMAC region. Banking penetration is lower than the average rate in the CEMAC sub-region ( 12 percent ). Access to financial services is almost inexistent outside of urban areas \u2013 and Chadian women have considerably less access to basic financial services than men. Reasons for such low levels include geographic distance to a financial institution ( for 30 percent of Chadian survey respondents ) as well as the cost of financial services ( 24 percent ) and lack of documentation ( 24 percent ) ( Figure A8. 3 ). 6. The banking sector is exposed to severe vulnerabilities, the greatest of which stem from its exposure to the public sector and to a few large private companies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 166, + 195, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 42, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 166, + 176, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 197, + 201, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 229, + 233, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 273, + 289, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 332, + 336, + "World Bank Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Firms \u2019 access to financial services, 2018 ( % firms ) Percent of firms with a checking or savings account Percent of firms with a bank loan / line of credit Source: World Bank Enterprise Surveys, 2018. 5.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The World Bank Enterprise Surveys are structured collections of data used to assess firms' access to financial services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' indicating it is the source of the data", + "described as a survey assessing firms' access to financial services", + "mentioned in a context of specific data points (percentages) collected by it" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'World Bank Enterprise Surveys' directly follows the word 'Source:' which indicates that it is the origin of the data being discussed. The text specifically references metrics about firms' access to financial services, implying that these metrics are derived from the surveys. Additionally, the phrase indicates that it is a structured collection of data aimed at assessing specific economic indicators, which aligns with the typical characteristics of a dataset. There is an implied clarity that this is not simply a project or platform but rather a distinct data collection effort that encapsulates information relevant to the analysis. The confusion may arise because it could be interpreted as a broader project or initiative by the World Bank; however, in this context, it clearly functions as a dataset because it provides concrete statistical insights referenced in the document.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Bank Enterprise Surveys' refers to a dataset because it specifically identifies the source of structured data used to assess firms' financial access, confirming its role as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "007_BOSIB-e8e37b29-1d61-491d-8aad-23a07cf57740", + "page": 88, + "text": "The World Bank Chad Agribusiness and Rural Transformation Project ( P179238 ) Page 84 of 88 Figure A8. 3. Barriers to account ownership, 2017 ( percent respondents without a financial institution account ) Source: Global Findex Database, 2017. 7. Similarly, the banking sector is exposed to vulnerabilities stemming from weaknesses in the credit reporting framework. Chad is a member of the Central Africa \u2019 s currency union ( CEMAC ), with monetary policy and financial sector regulatory and supervisory functions set at the regional level. The regional credit reporting system suffers from several weaknesses which impact the quality and availability of information about borrowers \u2019 behaviors. The regional Central Bank - Bank of Central African States ( Banque des Etats d \u2019 Afrique Centrale, BEAC ) has a credit risk registry ( Centrale des Risques ), but its effectiveness is hampered by the considerable delay in updating the information collected from the banks and the non-inclusion of data from microfinance institutions which account for a large number of loans. The efficiency of the supervisory framework also suffers from limited independence of the supervisory authority - Central Africa Banking Commission ( Commission Bancaire de l \u2019 Afrique Centrale, COBAC ), the need to better align prudential norms with best practices, and inadequate resources allocated to COBAC. 8.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 214, + 236, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 137, + 141, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 238, + 242, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 367, + 371, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3. Barriers to account ownership, 2017 ( percent respondents without a financial institution account ) Source: Global Findex Database, 2017. 7.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Global Findex Database is a structured collection of data that provides insights into financial inclusion and access to financial services across various countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' indicating a data reference", + "described as providing insights into financial inclusion", + "well-known as a database that stores structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Global Findex Database' appears as a source for statistical data in the context, which is supported by the phrase 'Source: Global Findex Database, 2017.' This explicitly identifies it as a reference to a structured data collection rather than a mere project name or system. The context indicates that it provides insights into financial inclusion based on collected data, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset, further supporting the idea that this is not merely a tool or a project name. Moreover, the Global Findex Database is recognized in the research community as a reputable dataset, consolidating the evaluation that it behaves as a dataset in this instance. However, the model might have been confused if it had encountered less clear contextual phrases or more ambiguous mentions without a clear data-gathering reference. In this case, the actual reference helps clarify any potential confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Global Findex Database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referred to as a source of data, provides structured data insights, and is a well-established reference in research." + }, + { + "filename": "008_BOSIB-60d57288-4e09-4519-ae6c-ffdc0037e0b1", + "page": 15, + "text": "According to data from the International Labor Organization, a lack of safe transport reduces the probability of women accessing economic opportunities by 16. 5 percent. 15 In 2020, the regional rate was 18. 7 fatalities per 100, 000 inhabitants, which is higher than the national rate ( 15. 5 ) ( DATASUS data ). 16 Looking at the formal jobs of the Region, 69 percent of the people that receive more than ten minimum wages, on average, are men. Meanwhile, 94 percent of indigenous or black women receive less than 3 minimum wages. Data Source: RAIS, 2019. 17 Gender-disaggregated mobility data for Foz do R\u00edo Itaja\u00ed were collected during the preparation of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and other project-related documents. 18 Data derived from PNAD-Cont\u00ednua ( 2019 ) State of Santa Catarina. 19 Hayd\u00e9e Svab, Marina Kohler Harkot, and Beatriz Moura Dos Santos, A Baseline Study of Gender and Transport in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Present Initiatives to Improve Women \u2019 s Mobility ( English ) ( Washington, DC: World Bank, 2021 ). 20 Brazil - Improving Mobility and Urban Inclusion in the Amazonas Corridor in Belo Horizonte Project ( Washington, DC: World Bank ). 21 Data reflect cases of harassment in public spaces without disaggregation. However, given the trend in Brazil and the Region, it can be inferred that in the Santa Catarina Region, more women are also survivors of sexual harassment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 298, + 310, + "named" + ], + [ + 561, + 595, + "DATASUS data <> data type" + ], + [ + 772, + 795, + "DATASUS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1321, + 1342, + "DATASUS data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 fatalities per 100, 000 inhabitants, which is higher than the national rate ( 15. 5 ) ( DATASUS data ). 16 Looking at the formal jobs of the Region, 69 percent of the people that receive more than ten minimum wages, on average, are men.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DATASUS data refers to a structured collection of health-related data in Brazil, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as containing health-related data", + "widely recognized as a reliable source in health statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DATASUS data' refers to data derived from the DATASUS system, which is the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System in Brazil. Given the phrasing, it implies that this data is utilized for analysis. The term 'DATASUS' is heavily associated with structured health data, such as mortality rates and health statistics, making it behave as a dataset in practice. While DATASUS is indeed a system that aggregates such data, it is conventionally referred to as a source of datasets in research, which complicates the clear demarcation between it being a project/system versus a dataset. The use of 'data' at the end also strongly suggests that it is presenting aggregated health statistics rather than merely a project name. The extraction model may have confused it due to its nature as a management information system, but given the common practice of citing it as a source for structured health information, it qualifies as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'DATASUS data' functions as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of structured health data used for analysis, and it aligns with how it is commonly understood in research contexts." + }, + { + "filename": "008_BOSIB-60d57288-4e09-4519-ae6c-ffdc0037e0b1", + "page": 15, + "text": "According to data from the International Labor Organization, a lack of safe transport reduces the probability of women accessing economic opportunities by 16. 5 percent. 15 In 2020, the regional rate was 18. 7 fatalities per 100, 000 inhabitants, which is higher than the national rate ( 15. 5 ) ( DATASUS data ). 16 Looking at the formal jobs of the Region, 69 percent of the people that receive more than ten minimum wages, on average, are men. Meanwhile, 94 percent of indigenous or black women receive less than 3 minimum wages. Data Source: RAIS, 2019. 17 Gender-disaggregated mobility data for Foz do R\u00edo Itaja\u00ed were collected during the preparation of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and other project-related documents. 18 Data derived from PNAD-Cont\u00ednua ( 2019 ) State of Santa Catarina. 19 Hayd\u00e9e Svab, Marina Kohler Harkot, and Beatriz Moura Dos Santos, A Baseline Study of Gender and Transport in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Present Initiatives to Improve Women \u2019 s Mobility ( English ) ( Washington, DC: World Bank, 2021 ). 20 Brazil - Improving Mobility and Urban Inclusion in the Amazonas Corridor in Belo Horizonte Project ( Washington, DC: World Bank ). 21 Data reflect cases of harassment in public spaces without disaggregation. However, given the trend in Brazil and the Region, it can be inferred that in the Santa Catarina Region, more women are also survivors of sexual harassment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 546, + 550, + "named" + ], + [ + 552, + 556, + "RAIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 561, + 595, + "RAIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 600, + 617, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 772, + 795, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 800, + 811, + "RAIS <> author" + ], + [ + 813, + 833, + "RAIS <> author" + ], + [ + 839, + 863, + "RAIS <> author" + ], + [ + 1321, + 1342, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 663, + 690, + "RAIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Meanwhile, 94 percent of indigenous or black women receive less than 3 minimum wages. Data Source: RAIS, 2019. 17 Gender-disaggregated mobility data for Foz do R\u00edo Itaja\u00ed were collected during the preparation of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and other project-related documents.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RAIS is a registry that collects data on formal employment in Brazil, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Data Source:\u2019", + "described in context as a registry collecting data", + "context indicates it provides structured records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RAIS' is clearly identified as a data source following the explicit phrase 'Data Source: RAIS, 2019.' This indicates that RAIS is being used directly to refer to the data used in the analysis rather than merely serving as an informant or infrastructure tool. The additional information that RAIS collects data on formal employment supports its interpretation as a structured database yielding statistical information. The model may have found it confusing because while RAIS is indeed a management information system, it is used here directly to denote the dataset that has been utilized for the analysis, thus justifying its classification as a dataset. However, it is important to distinguish that in many contexts it could also be referred to as a system, which may lead to ambiguity; particularly in cases where it might not be explicitly identified as a source of data or where it is seen in a more administrative role rather than a data-generating entity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, RAIS functions as a dataset since it is explicitly referred to as a data source that the analysis draws from, indicating that it serves as the primary structured database for the statistics utilized." + }, + { + "filename": "008_BOSIB-60d57288-4e09-4519-ae6c-ffdc0037e0b1", + "page": 15, + "text": "According to data from the International Labor Organization, a lack of safe transport reduces the probability of women accessing economic opportunities by 16. 5 percent. 15 In 2020, the regional rate was 18. 7 fatalities per 100, 000 inhabitants, which is higher than the national rate ( 15. 5 ) ( DATASUS data ). 16 Looking at the formal jobs of the Region, 69 percent of the people that receive more than ten minimum wages, on average, are men. Meanwhile, 94 percent of indigenous or black women receive less than 3 minimum wages. Data Source: RAIS, 2019. 17 Gender-disaggregated mobility data for Foz do R\u00edo Itaja\u00ed were collected during the preparation of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and other project-related documents. 18 Data derived from PNAD-Cont\u00ednua ( 2019 ) State of Santa Catarina. 19 Hayd\u00e9e Svab, Marina Kohler Harkot, and Beatriz Moura Dos Santos, A Baseline Study of Gender and Transport in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Present Initiatives to Improve Women \u2019 s Mobility ( English ) ( Washington, DC: World Bank, 2021 ). 20 Brazil - Improving Mobility and Urban Inclusion in the Amazonas Corridor in Belo Horizonte Project ( Washington, DC: World Bank ). 21 Data reflect cases of harassment in public spaces without disaggregation. However, given the trend in Brazil and the Region, it can be inferred that in the Santa Catarina Region, more women are also survivors of sexual harassment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 749, + 762, + "named" + ], + [ + 552, + 556, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> publication year" + ], + [ + 561, + 595, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> data type" + ], + [ + 600, + 617, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> data geography" + ], + [ + 765, + 769, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> reference year" + ], + [ + 772, + 795, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> data geography" + ], + [ + 813, + 833, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> author" + ], + [ + 839, + 863, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> author" + ], + [ + 1321, + 1342, + "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "17 Gender-disaggregated mobility data for Foz do R\u00edo Itaja\u00ed were collected during the preparation of the Stakeholder Engagement Plan and other project-related documents. 18 Data derived from PNAD-Cont\u00ednua ( 2019 ) State of Santa Catarina. 19 Hayd\u00e9e Svab, Marina Kohler Harkot, and Beatriz Moura Dos Santos, A Baseline Study of Gender and Transport in Sao Paulo, Brazil: Present Initiatives to Improve Women \u2019 s Mobility ( English ) ( Washington, DC: World Bank, 2021 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua is a continuous national household survey in Brazil that collects data on various socio-economic indicators, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data derived from'", + "described as a national household survey", + "mentioned in a context of mobility data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'PNAD-Cont\u00ednua' is clearly being referenced as a source of data in the text. The phrase 'Data derived from PNAD-Cont\u00ednua (2019)' signals that it is being used as a specific dataset from which data on gender-disaggregated mobility was extracted. Additionally, PNAD-Cont\u00ednua is well-known as a structured, ongoing national household survey in Brazil that collects relevant socio-economic data, which strengthens its identification as a dataset rather than an MIS, platform, or project. While there may be some confusion in the model about the term being a project name or part of a system, the explicit context suggests it serves as a data source here. Thus, it is appropriate to classify it as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PNAD-Cont\u00ednua is treated as a dataset in this context because it is specifically indicated as a source of derived data related to gender and mobility, supported by its recognized role as a national household survey." + }, + { + "filename": "008_BOSIB-60d57288-4e09-4519-ae6c-ffdc0037e0b1", + "page": 16, + "text": "In early May 2022 and between November 2022 and January 2023, heavy rains disrupted economic activities. Moreover, sea-level rise could pose a problem, especially if the warming of the Southern Atlantic Ocean leads to more hurricanes in the future. 21. Demographic pressure is threatening the Region \u2019 s biodiversity and endangering assets that are vital not only for tourism but also for the Region \u2019 s resilience and function as a carbon sink. Commonly known as Costa Verde & Mar, 22 Data derived from RAIS ( 2019 ). 23 Heavy rains in January and February 2022 left almost a hundred fatalities and rendered thousands of people homeless in several Brazilian states, including Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, S\u00e3o Paulo, Paran\u00e1, Minas Gerais, Tocantins, and Par\u00e1. In just two years, 2021 \u2013 22, Brazil was hit by seven named tropical storms, whereas there were only 15 between 2010 and 2019.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 504, + 508, + "named" + ], + [ + 511, + 515, + "RAIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 677, + 691, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 693, + 698, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 700, + 709, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 711, + 717, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 719, + 731, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 748, + 752, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 784, + 790, + "RAIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 875, + 879, + "RAIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Demographic pressure is threatening the Region \u2019 s biodiversity and endangering assets that are vital not only for tourism but also for the Region \u2019 s resilience and function as a carbon sink. Commonly known as Costa Verde & Mar, 22 Data derived from RAIS ( 2019 ). 23 Heavy rains in January and February 2022 left almost a hundred fatalities and rendered thousands of people homeless in several Brazilian states, including Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, S\u00e3o Paulo, Paran\u00e1, Minas Gerais, Tocantins, and Par\u00e1.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RAIS refers to a registry that collects and organizes data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Data derived from\u2019", + "mentioned in a context discussing demographic pressures and their impact", + "described as a registry that collects and organizes data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RAIS' appears to be presented as a source of data rather than merely a project name or a system. The phrase 'Data derived from RAIS (2019)' signals that data has been sourced from this entity for the analysis. This strongly implies that RAIS is treated as a dataset in this instance, primarily because the text positions it as a source of derived data relevant to the ongoing analysis. One could argue that if RAIS were a management information system or similar (even though registries can sometimes serve that function), the text would likely refer to it in a different way. The previous judgement that it is a dataset is justified here, as it adheres to familiar phrasing about data sourcing.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, RAIS is considered a dataset because it is directly referenced as a source of derived data for the analysis, indicating that it functions as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "008_BOSIB-60d57288-4e09-4519-ae6c-ffdc0037e0b1", + "page": 57, + "text": "These interim financial reports ( IFRs ) will be produced with information extracted from the Bertha System and will consolidate the Project \u2019 s financial data for all components using the cash basis. 59. At the end of each fiscal year, the CIM-AMFRI will prepare the annual financial statements for the Project, which will be audited. The second semester IFRs with accompanying notes will serve as the Project \u2019 s annual financial statements to be audited. 60. The following biannual IFRs [ to be prepared in Reais ] will be prepared for Project monitoring and management purposes and submitted to the Bank: a. IFR 1-A \u2013 Sources and Uses of Funds by Disbursement Category ( period to date, year to date, Project to date ): Shows the budgeted amounts against the actual expenditures ( i. e., documented expenditures ), including a variance analysis b. IFR 1-B \u2013 Uses of Funds by Project Component ( period to date, year to date, Project to date ): Shows the budgeted amounts against the actual expenditures ( i. e., documented expenditures ), including a variance analysis c. IFR 1-C \u2013 DA bank reconciliation, and accompanying bank statements d. Cash flow for the following period 61.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 94, + 107, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These interim financial reports ( IFRs ) will be produced with information extracted from the Bertha System and will consolidate the Project \u2019 s financial data for all components using the cash basis. 59.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Bertha System refers to a system used for financial reporting and data extraction, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system used for financial reporting", + "follows \u2018extracted from\u2019 indicating it serves as a source but not a dataset itself", + "focus on producing reports highlights it as a tool rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Bertha System' is clearly functioning as a management information system that is used for extracting information and consolidating financial data for a project. It does not represent a standalone dataset but rather an infrastructure or tool utilized to manage and report on financial data. The phrase 'extracted from the Bertha System' indicates that it is being used as a source for data generation rather than presenting itself as a dataset in its own right. A potential source of confusion for the model might stem from the capitalization of 'Bertha System', which could imply a proper name that is similar to how datasets are often named. Additionally, because it follows phrases like 'extracted from', the model might misconstrue it as a dataset based on common patterns. However, upon closer examination of the context, it is clear that it serves a functional role in relation to data rather than being an actual data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Bertha System' is identified as a management information system used for reporting purposes rather than a dataset itself, as it acts as a source from which data is extracted." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 12, + "text": "According to the United Nations ( UN ) e-government index and the World Bank ( WB ) GovTech Maturity index, 6 despite significant progress in digital government, there is an opportunity for improvement to voice and accountability, as well as to access to and quality of services. Internet and mobile connectivity and the use of internet social media is widespread, with close to 10 million internet users in 2023 ( an 88 percent penetration rate ). There are over 8. 5 million active cellular mobile connections, and over 6. 5 million social media users ( that is, 58 percent of the population ), with 45 percent of users being women. 7 9. Jordan has been actively working on the digitalization of public services; however, user adoption remains limited. The Sanad application implemented by MODEE includes digital ID, electronic signature, and a personal document store, in addition to functioning as a unified online portal for accessing digitalized public services. Approximately 800, 000 users ( that is, about 7 percent of the population ) have activated their Sanad accounts as of January 2024, which is far below the GOJ \u2019 s goal of 3. 5 million active digital IDs by 2025.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 759, + 764, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Jordan has been actively working on the digitalization of public services; however, user adoption remains limited. The Sanad application implemented by MODEE includes digital ID, electronic signature, and a personal document store, in addition to functioning as a unified online portal for accessing digitalized public services. Approximately 800, 000 users ( that is, about 7 percent of the population ) have activated their Sanad accounts as of January 2024, which is far below the GOJ \u2019 s goal of 3.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The term 'Sanad' refers to an application that provides digital services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an application", + "mentioned as a project for digital services", + "not referred to as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is explicitly referred to as an application that implements various digital services rather than a concrete dataset. The mention highlights its functionalities and user activation but does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data intended for statistical analysis or similar uses. The term appears to be capitalized and may evoke the notion of being a formal entity, which might lead a model to consider it a dataset. However, the context makes it clear that it is a tool or platform. A model could easily mistake this term for a dataset due to its structured presentation and the way it is described in the text, particularly since it discusses user activation figures; however, no structured data is presented, only usage of the application itself without any mention of data records or sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Sanad' is not treated as a dataset here; it is an application mentioned in the context of providing digital services, not as a collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 12, + "text": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians, amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new GSCs and targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; and ( 3 ) implementing a DPI ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows. Taking a trusted, people-centric DPI ecosystem approach offers the opportunity to embrace international standards and open internet technologies by using trusted data 4 See the State of the Country Reports on the ESCJ website at https: / / www. esc. jo / Reportsen. aspx. 5 DPI refers to digital ID, payment, and data exchange capabilities that are fundamental to enabling service delivery at scale and supporting innovation in the digital economy. DPI provides reusable and foundational digital platforms that allow public - and private - sector service providers to build and innovate their products and services. 6 See Jordan \u2019 s detailed rating in Technical Assessment. 7 Kemp, Simon. 2023. \u201c Digital 2023: Jordan. \u201d Datareportal. https: / / datareportal. com / reports / digital-2023-jordan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 24, + 29, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians, amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new GSCs and targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; and ( 3 ) implementing a DPI ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a digital ID program aimed at enhancing service delivery and user engagement, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a digital ID program", + "associated with the expansion of services", + "discussed in the context of enhancing user engagement and service delivery", + "not described as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Sanad', it is critical to note that it is referred to as a digital ID program designed to facilitate service delivery rather than a structured dataset. The context indicates that Sanad is an initiative or framework aimed at improving access and functionalities related to digital identification. While it was extracted as a term associated with data, it does not directly address any data records or statistical compilations; rather, it focuses on broad strategic goals. This distinction is crucial because it suggests that the extraction model might have mistaken it for a dataset due to the formal name-like quality and its role within the broader context of data management and digital services. The narrative does not present Sanad as a source of structured records or statistics, but rather as an operational program, which ultimately clarifies that it should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a digital ID initiative rather than a collection of structured data records." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 17, + "text": "It is not expected that any activity or contract will be excluded from the Program, in accordance with the Bank \u2019 s Policy and Directive on Program-for-Results Financing and the rationale for such exclusion. The Program does not finance the purchase by the GOJ of any large IT systems under high-value contracts. The 2020 government cloud policy promotes the use of cloud services across government entities. MODEE provides them with cloud infrastructure ( through the government \u2019 s private cloud ). Further, IT developments are usually funded through fee for services rather than through 9 Only about 800, 000 of the nearly 11 million ID holders have activated their digital IDs on Sanad as of January 2024, and only 35 percent of those are women. Similarly, of the 90, 000 visitors to the two existing GSCs since their inauguration, fewer than 20 percent have been women ( the exact percentage is not available because MODEE has not been collecting GSC visitor demographics thus far ). 10 MODEE. 2022. Jordan Government Websites Standards. https: / / www. modee. gov. jo / ebv4. 0 / root_storage / en / eb_list_page / government_websites_guidelines_2022_v2. 0_-en. pdf.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 684, + 689, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MODEE provides them with cloud infrastructure ( through the government \u2019 s private cloud ). Further, IT developments are usually funded through fee for services rather than through 9 Only about 800, 000 of the nearly 11 million ID holders have activated their digital IDs on Sanad as of January 2024, and only 35 percent of those are women. Similarly, of the 90, 000 visitors to the two existing GSCs since their inauguration, fewer than 20 percent have been women ( the exact percentage is not available because MODEE has not been collecting GSC visitor demographics thus far ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a digital ID program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a digital ID program", + "described alongside data regarding its usage", + "not referenced as a data source or collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is explicitly linked to a digital ID program rather than a traditional dataset that comprises structured data records. While it appears in a quantitative context (how many ID holders activated their IDs on Sanad), it is not indicative of a dataset since it does not serve as a source of data but rather represents a program or initiative. The confusion may arise because 'Sanad' follows a sentence presenting statistics about its impact, which could lead a model to incorrectly categorize it as a data source due to the numerical context. However, it lacks key indicators that would typically signify a dataset, such as structured records or explicit usage as a data source in analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' refers to a digital ID program and does not represent a dataset since it is not described as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 19, + "text": "The Theory of Change ( Table 2 ) is structured around the Program \u2019 s three RAs: \u2022 RA1 on improved service delivery through digitalization \u2022 RA2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization \u2022 RA3 on transparency and accountability through digitalization. 25. The Program builds synergies across its results framework. The strengthening of trusted and people-centric DPI under RA1 will bolster the digitalization of the education and health sectors and competency-based management in the civil service in RA2 and RA3. Specifically, secondary education diplomas will be digitally verifiable using DPI, which will not only increase trust in their authenticity but also allow them to be shared easily in a people-centric way ( that is, with user consent and data minimization ). For core health systems, such as those that manage EMRs, their integration with trusted DPI will improve the protection of sensitive health data while facilitating safe data sharing capabilities. The Program \u2019 s results framework is further underpinned by three main cross-cutting dimensions across the three RAs: 1 ) People-centricity, that is, a focus on output - and outcome-level results at the interface between government and the people ( across e-services and in the education and health sectors ). 2 ) Data generation and use for performance monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) to inform policymaking and implementation ( through the release of interactive statistical data and the use of health quality data ). 3 ) Direct and indirect benefits to Syrian refugees, since the Program supports enhanced refugee access to e-services and digital ID, the digitalized secondary education examination, and e-health services. Disaggregated statistical and administrative data will help provide evidence on socioeconomic indicators and inform policy dialogue.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 841, + 845, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Specifically, secondary education diplomas will be digitally verifiable using DPI, which will not only increase trust in their authenticity but also allow them to be shared easily in a people-centric way ( that is, with user consent and data minimization ). For core health systems, such as those that manage EMRs, their integration with trusted DPI will improve the protection of sensitive health data while facilitating safe data sharing capabilities. The Program \u2019 s results framework is further underpinned by three main cross-cutting dimensions across the three RAs: 1 ) People-centricity, that is, a focus on output - and outcome-level results at the interface between government and the people ( across e-services and in the education and health sectors ).", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "EMRs (Electronic Medical Records) refer to a concept or system for managing patient data, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a health system managing EMRs", + "described in terms of integration with DPI for data sharing", + "not presented as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMRs' clearly refers to Electronic Medical Records as a system used for managing patient data rather than a distinct dataset. Although in some contexts EMRs could be seen as a data source, here they are depicted as part of a health management system that interacts with other systems (DPI) for sensitive data handling and sharing. The phrasing points towards their role in infrastructure rather than as a structured collection intended for analytical purposes. The model might have been confused because EMRs is a specific term that seems data-related and appears in a context involving data exchange, which can easily lead to misidentifying it as a dataset rather than a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMRs are not treated as a dataset but rather as a system for managing patient data, which lacks the characteristics of a structured dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 21, + "text": "Page | 12 the outcome of the digitalization of student assessment and of the professionalization of the civil service in terms of gender equity; and under RA3, the PDO-level indicator focuses on e-participation as an outcome of e-information. Result Area 1 on improved service delivery through digitalization: the PDO-level indicators are: 1 ) The number of individuals accessing digitalized public - and private-sector services using trusted, people - centric DPI, which is enabled by increasing the inclusive adoption of people-centric digital identity and improving trusted, people-centric data sharing. To promote social inclusion, the indicator consists of sub-indicators for type of user ( women, elders, refugees ), as well as type of access ( remote and GSC ). The objective is to increase access to trusted and people-centric digitalized services, whose uptake has been limited despite the activation of over 800, 000 digital IDs on Sanad ( as of January 2024 ). 2 ) The number of beneficiaries who actively use patient-centric digital services offered through a national EMR platform as an outcome of digital transformation in health service delivery. The indicator is disaggregated for Syrian refugee users.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 942, + 947, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To promote social inclusion, the indicator consists of sub-indicators for type of user ( women, elders, refugees ), as well as type of access ( remote and GSC ). The objective is to increase access to trusted and people-centric digitalized services, whose uptake has been limited despite the activation of over 800, 000 digital IDs on Sanad ( as of January 2024 ). 2 ) The number of beneficiaries who actively use patient-centric digital services offered through a national EMR platform as an outcome of digital transformation in health service delivery.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a digital identity program rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to a digital identity program", + "not explicitly described as containing structured data for analysis", + "notes the activation of digital IDs rather than data collection", + "serves as a component in a larger discussion on digital services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is explicitly mentioned as a digital identity program, which does not denote itself as a dataset. It is referenced in relation to the promotion of social inclusion and the number of digital IDs activated, suggesting a broader infrastructural role rather than providing specific structured data for analysis. The presence of sub-indicators within the context hints at metrics related to access, but these do not directly imply that 'Sanad' acts as the dataset itself. The model may have confused 'Sanad' as a dataset due to its prominence in the sentence\u2014you often see similar terms after phrases like 'uses data from' in other contexts; however, here, it does not serve as a data source in the traditional sense, as it is more a program facilitating identity rather than a collection of records or statistics. The presence of the phrase about digital IDs may also have led to confusion, as it is related definitively to data, yet does not change the nature of 'Sanad' as an identifier or program.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Sanad' is not treated as a dataset here as it refers to a digital identity program rather than a structured collection of data for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 21, + "text": "Available patient-centric digital services include booking medical appointments and viewing select medical information, including active and pending medications, recent immunization records, pending and completed laboratory test results, allergies, vital signs, medicine refills, and delivery of health services for non-communicable diseases. Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization: the PDO-level indicators are: 3 ) Increased student trust in the fairness of the general secondary education examination ( Tawjihi ) as an outcome of the digitalization of student assessment. A recent survey11 reflects a widespread lack of trust in the fairness of the exam by most students ( 47 percent ). It is expected that the digitalization of the exam will enhance the perception by students of its objectivity and fairness. 4 ) Increased representation of women in leadership positions in the civil service as a result of performance - based promotions and competitive recruitment. In 2020, women were officially appointed to only 16 percent of leadership positions in the civil service. The Program aims to improve the gender balance in leadership positions with more performance-based promotions and competitive recruitments as a result of digital skills enhancement and by leveraging the use of the Human Resource Management Information System ( HRMIS ) and other HRM digital platforms.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1327, + 1371, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In 2020, women were officially appointed to only 16 percent of leadership positions in the civil service. The Program aims to improve the gender balance in leadership positions with more performance-based promotions and competitive recruitments as a result of digital skills enhancement and by leveraging the use of the Human Resource Management Information System ( HRMIS ) and other HRM digital platforms.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Human Resource Management Information System' refers to a system used for managing HR data and processes, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing HR data", + "follows 'leveraging the use of...'", + "described as part of HRM digital platforms" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Human Resource Management Information System' (HRMIS) is clearly referred to as a system that facilitates management processes related to human resources. It is mentioned following the phrase 'leveraging the use of...', indicating its role in implementing the Program aimed at improving gender balance. The lack of detail suggesting that HRMIS is a primary source of structured records implies it is part of a broader infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. A model could misclassify HRMIS as a dataset because it has characteristics often associated with datasets (e.g., it has a formal name and is related to structured data management), but in this context, it is utilized more as a tool or system within the HRM ecosystem. The phrasing does not indicate that it is the source of data for the analysis but rather an instrument used to facilitate HR processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Human Resource Management Information System' is not a dataset. It is described as a system that supports HR data management and is referenced in conjunction with other HRM digital platforms, serving more as infrastructure than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 22, + "text": "Inadequate data protection due to lack of user centricity, user control of personal data, and transparency. DLI4 on digital transformation of health service delivery 63. 00 18. 34 81. 34 Partial coverage of the national EMR system developed and deployed to only some of the MOH facilities over the last 10 years. For the remaining MOH facilities, the MOH intends to complete the installation and operationalization within the next five years. This is in accordance with its strategic plans, which will ensure full coverage and operationalization, thus promoting patient access to e-health services, including for refugees. Result Area 2 on Enhanced Government Effectiveness through Digitalization DLI5 on professionalization of the civil service 60. 00 - 60. 00 a. Prevailing seniority-based HRM in the civil service. b. Need to enhance digital skills across the civil service. c. Underrepresentation of women in leadership positions. DLI6 on establishing digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) 29. 00 18. 00 47. 00 a. Absence of a national HIE framework and multiplicity of health information systems. b. Need to establish standards ( including foundational registries and coding ) to enhance the interoperability of health information systems. DLI7 on digital student assessment 50. 00 - 50. 00 a.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 220, + 230, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "34 81. 34 Partial coverage of the national EMR system developed and deployed to only some of the MOH facilities over the last 10 years. For the remaining MOH facilities, the MOH intends to complete the installation and operationalization within the next five years.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The EMR system is a structured collection of health data used for managing patient information and improving health service delivery.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "reference to installation and operationalization", + "not described as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMR system' appears to refer to a management information system related to electronic medical records. While it may contain data, the wording emphasizes its role as a system that is still being deployed and operationalized across facilities. This suggests it is more about infrastructure rather than being a concrete dataset itself. The absence of context indicating it is used as a source of data or referenced alongside clear datasets also supports this conclusion. A model might have mistakenly labeled it as a dataset because it includes 'data' in its description and follows a format commonly associated with datasets, damaging the distinction between a system storing data and the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'EMR system' in this context refers to a management information system rather than an actual dataset because it emphasizes systems deployment and operational aspects without indicating it is being used as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 27, + "text": "Page | 18 \u2022 World Bank diagnostics and international benchmarks also warrant the Program \u2019 s sectoral focus on education and health. According to the Global Digital Health Monitor 202313, the digital landscape in the health sector is considered more mature in Jordan compared to neighboring countries in the MENA region, especially in developing digital services and applications ( see the technical assessment for further detail ). However, due to limited governance and multiple services and systems designed and operated in silos, health information systems have been fragmented with inconsistent data standards and quality. The education sector has also been advancing on the digital front. Jordan was one of the first countries in the region to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures by developing an online learning platform called Darsak covering the curriculum \u2019 s core subjects of Arabic, English, math, and science for grades 1 through 12. In addition, a newly launched platform for teacher training offers courses on distance learning tools, blended learning, and educational technology.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 150, + 186, + "named" + ], + [ + 260, + 266, + "Global Digital Health Monitor 202313 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 308, + 319, + "Global Digital Health Monitor 202313 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 695, + 701, + "Global Digital Health Monitor 202313 <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Page | 18 \u2022 World Bank diagnostics and international benchmarks also warrant the Program \u2019 s sectoral focus on education and health. According to the Global Digital Health Monitor 202313, the digital landscape in the health sector is considered more mature in Jordan compared to neighboring countries in the MENA region, especially in developing digital services and applications ( see the technical assessment for further detail ). However, due to limited governance and multiple services and systems designed and operated in silos, health information systems have been fragmented with inconsistent data standards and quality.", + "type": "monitor", + "explanation": "The Global Digital Health Monitor is likely a structured collection of data used to assess and benchmark digital health initiatives, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "mentioned as a source for data assessing the digital landscape", + "may imply a structured collection used for benchmarking" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Global Digital Health Monitor 202313' appears to be used in context to refer explicitly to data that informs assessments of the digital health sector in Jordan. It follows the phrase 'According to', which typically indicates that the source cited is providing verifiable information or structured data. This phraseology strongly suggests that the monitor serves not just as a program name or label but acts as a source of data. Although it could potentially be viewed as a monitoring project or platform that compiles data, the way that the passage presents it implies that this is a dataset being referred to in terms of its content and evaluative function. The confusion may arise from the term being a proper name, and it could also be associated with systems or projects in digital health that house data but are not necessarily datasets themselves. However, the primary use here indicates it behaves as a dataset since the content derived from it is indicating structured assessments of health information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Digital Health Monitor 202313' functions as a dataset since it is cited as the source for data analyses regarding digital health maturity in Jordan, aligning it with structured data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 27, + "text": "Page | 18 \u2022 World Bank diagnostics and international benchmarks also warrant the Program \u2019 s sectoral focus on education and health. According to the Global Digital Health Monitor 202313, the digital landscape in the health sector is considered more mature in Jordan compared to neighboring countries in the MENA region, especially in developing digital services and applications ( see the technical assessment for further detail ). However, due to limited governance and multiple services and systems designed and operated in silos, health information systems have been fragmented with inconsistent data standards and quality. The education sector has also been advancing on the digital front. Jordan was one of the first countries in the region to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures by developing an online learning platform called Darsak covering the curriculum \u2019 s core subjects of Arabic, English, math, and science for grades 1 through 12. In addition, a newly launched platform for teacher training offers courses on distance learning tools, blended learning, and educational technology.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 852, + 858, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The education sector has also been advancing on the digital front. Jordan was one of the first countries in the region to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures by developing an online learning platform called Darsak covering the curriculum \u2019 s core subjects of Arabic, English, math, and science for grades 1 through 12. In addition, a newly launched platform for teacher training offers courses on distance learning tools, blended learning, and educational technology.", + "type": "online learning platform", + "explanation": "Darsak is an online learning platform, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an online learning platform", + "not explicitly described as a source of structured data", + "no indicators of containing records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Darsak' is identified as an online learning platform specifically designed for educational purposes. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in delivering curriculum and training rather than functioning as a typical dataset that would store structured data for analysis. The absence of phrases that equate it to a data source ('uses data from\u2026', 'based on\u2026', etc.) reinforces that it is not being referenced as a dataset. The model likely confused 'Darsak' for a dataset due to its proper name status and the mention of educational components, which could imply a structure; however, it's clear from the information given that this is more about a digital tool and infrastructure rather than a source of data in a research context. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Darsak' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described solely as an online learning platform and lacks the characteristics of a structured dataset used for data analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 27, + "text": "The MOE has developed an integrated, comprehensive, flexible, and trusted educational management information system ( EMIS ) using OpenEMIS, which provides a system that is accessible countrywide, covering over 2 million students, 7, 300 schools, and 170, 000 educational staff. \u2022 World Bank diagnostics and international benchmarks also warrant the Program \u2019 s focus on transparency and accountability. Under international governance indicators, Jordan is on par with other upper middle-income countries, but it lags on voice and accountability. Regarding transparency, although Jordan was the first country in the region to legislate access to information, it is poorly rated under the Right to Information Index and ranks among the 15 percent least well-performing countries. According to an assessment of the whole of government citizen feedback platform, only 33 percent of citizens filing a grievance using the At Your Service online government grievance redress platform surveyed in 2022 had received any response. Opinion surveys reflect a pervasive perception of corruption in government and the private sector. According to a 2022 opinion survey by the Centre of Strategic Studies of the University of Jordan, 14 94 percent of Jordanians believe that the economy and administrative bodies are \u201c plagued by corruption, \u201d and 82 percent believe that the government is not serious or willing to fight corruption. \u201d 44.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 131, + 139, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MOE has developed an integrated, comprehensive, flexible, and trusted educational management information system ( EMIS ) using OpenEMIS, which provides a system that is accessible countrywide, covering over 2 million students, 7, 300 schools, and 170, 000 educational staff. \u2022 World Bank diagnostics and international benchmarks also warrant the Program \u2019 s focus on transparency and accountability.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is an educational management information system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an educational management information system", + "mentioned in context as a system rather than a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'OpenEMIS,' I noted that the term is explicitly referred to as an educational management information system (EMIS) developed by the Ministry of Education (MOE). This description indicates that OpenEMIS serves as a platform or infrastructure used to manage educational records rather than serving as a standalone dataset. The phrase highlights its role in accessibility and covers a large demographic but does not indicate that it is a distinct collection of structured data utilized directly for research or analysis purposes. A model might have confused this because 'OpenEMIS' is capitalized and appears right after 'developed an... system,' which might suggest it's relevant as a data source; however, the context makes it clear that it provides a system rather than data itself. Furthermore, the model may have recognized the large numbers associated with it (students, schools, staff) as indicators of data, further obscuring its true classification as just a management tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS is not a dataset in this context because it is identified specifically as an educational management information system, which functions as a tool for data management rather than a collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 29, + "text": "The Program will require that: ( 1 ) appropriate procurement staff are allocated for the procurement transactions and contract management; ( 2 ) sound procurement plans are developed yearly and updated quarterly following the Annual Work Plans; ( 3 ) qualified technical experts are assigned to support the development of technical specifications and procurement documents; ( 4 ) training pertaining to procurement processing and contract management is deployed; ( 5 ) internal audit will advise on procurement processing to increase its efficiency; ( 6 ) the procurement cycle will cover planning, procurement processing, contract management, and inventory and acceptance of deliverables; ( 7 ) there is systematic coordination between the implementing agencies and the central procurement departments ( namely, the General Tendering Department ( GTD ) and the General Procurement Department ( GPD ) ); ( 8 ) a central agency ( for example, MOPIC ) coordinates and integrates the Program by a central agency ( for example, MOPIC ), especially for RAs that include multiple agencies; and ( 9 ) a procurement complaint log is maintained and published through the Jordan Online E-Procurement System ( JONEPS ) or agency websites. 51.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1162, + 1196, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program will require that: ( 1 ) appropriate procurement staff are allocated for the procurement transactions and contract management; ( 2 ) sound procurement plans are developed yearly and updated quarterly following the Annual Work Plans; ( 3 ) qualified technical experts are assigned to support the development of technical specifications and procurement documents; ( 4 ) training pertaining to procurement processing and contract management is deployed; ( 5 ) internal audit will advise on procurement processing to increase its efficiency; ( 6 ) the procurement cycle will cover planning, procurement processing, contract management, and inventory and acceptance of deliverables; ( 7 ) there is systematic coordination between the implementing agencies and the central procurement departments ( namely, the General Tendering Department ( GTD ) and the General Procurement Department ( GPD ) ); ( 8 ) a central agency ( for example, MOPIC ) coordinates and integrates the Program by a central agency ( for example, MOPIC ), especially for RAs that include multiple agencies; and ( 9 ) a procurement complaint log is maintained and published through the Jordan Online E-Procurement System ( JONEPS ) or agency websites. 51.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Jordan Online E-Procurement System is a system for managing procurement processes, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a system for managing procurement processes", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Jordan Online E-Procurement System' refers explicitly to a system designed to manage procurement processes. The surrounding text focuses on procurement operations, training, and coordination related to procurement, which implies that JONEPS is a tool or platform utilized for maintaining records (like a complaint log) rather than a structured dataset that serves as a source of data for analysis. The model may have confused this term for a dataset because it follows a mention of data management and systems, suggesting that it contains data. However, it is crucial to differentiate between a tool for processing and storing data versus a dataset that is analyzed as part of research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Jordan Online E-Procurement System' is not a dataset; it is a procurement management system used to facilitate and oversee procurement activities." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 31, + "text": "Page | 22 secretary general ), which should have a significant impact on the quality of jobs for women, since most employed women work for the government. 2 ) Potential gender inequalities in the access to and use of DPI. Although a slightly higher percentage of women ( 97. 9 percent ) own a physical ID than men ( 95. 8 percent ), 17 as of January 2024, only 35 percent of the over 800, 000 people who have activated their digital ID on Sanad are women. Given the overall low activation rate of digital ID as well as the existing gender gap in access to mobile phones and internet ( 21 and 10 percentage points, respectively ), 18 the operation will focus on gender-equitable expansion of digital ID, ensuring that gender gaps are mitigated as the system grows. Similarly, of the approximately 90, 000 total visitors at the two existing GSCs since their inauguration, fewer than 20 percent have been women. 19 With the GOJ \u2019 s planned expansion to 15 GSCs nationwide, the operation will focus on avoiding the creation of a gender gap in the utilization of GSCs and access to the services they offer. 59. Accordingly, the Program will promote gender equity as follows: 1 ) It will support the increased representation of women in leadership positions in the civil service.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 439, + 444, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "9 percent ) own a physical ID than men ( 95. 8 percent ), 17 as of January 2024, only 35 percent of the over 800, 000 people who have activated their digital ID on Sanad are women. Given the overall low activation rate of digital ID as well as the existing gender gap in access to mobile phones and internet ( 21 and 10 percentage points, respectively ), 18 the operation will focus on gender-equitable expansion of digital ID, ensuring that gender gaps are mitigated as the system grows.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a program related to digital ID activation and gender equity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as a program related to digital ID activation; does not explicitly indicate a structured collection of data; focuses on a gender-equitable expansion rather than data reporting", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' appears to refer to a program or initiative related to the activation of digital IDs, as it is associated with gender equity goals rather than being mentioned as a collection of data. Phrases such as 'digital ID on Sanad' indicate that Sanad is likely a system or a project implementing or promoting these IDs rather than a standalone dataset. A model might have confused it as a dataset due to the structured nature of the discussion surrounding digital IDs, and since 'Sanad' is capitalized, it resembles named datasets. However, there are no clear markers that define it as a data source for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' functions as a program rather than a dataset, as it relates to the implementation of digital IDs focused on gender equity and does not serve as a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 31, + "text": "Project-affected communities and individuals may submit their complaint to the Bank \u2019 s independent Accountability Mechanism ( AM ). The AM houses the Inspection Panel, which determines whether harm occurred, or could occur, as a result of Bank non-compliance with its policies and procedures, and the Dispute Resolution Service, which provides communities and borrowers with the opportunity to address complaints through dispute resolution. Complaints may be submitted at any time after concerns have been brought directly to the Bank ' s attention, and Bank Management has been given an opportunity to respond. For information on how to submit complaints to the Bank \u2019 s Grievance Redress Service ( GRS ), visit https: / / www. worldbank. org / GRS. For information on how to submit complaints to the Bank \u2019 s Accountability Mechanism, visit https: / / accountability. worldbank. org. V. RISK 61. The overall risk is moderate. 62. Political and governance: Moderate. Public sector reforms are expected to face resistance and inertia, which can only be overcome with strong political leadership. The strong support of the King and oversight by the Royal Court is expected to mitigate the risk of inaction or inconsistency across the government. The GOJ is aware of the social risks of the targeted 17 World Bank. 2021. ID4D global dataset. 18 World Bank. Second State of the Mashreq Women Report. https: / / www. worldbank. org / en / country / jordan / publication / second - state-of-the-mashreq-women-report-who-cares-care-work-and-women-s-labor-market-outcomes-in-iraq-jordan-and - lebano #: ~: text = Based % 20on % 20the % 20analysis % 20and, needs % 2C % 20particularly % 20for % 20the % 20most. 19 The exact percentage is not available because MODEE has not captured the demographics of GSC visitors thus far.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1320, + 1324, + "named" + ], + [ + 1302, + 1312, + "ID4D <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1314, + 1318, + "ID4D <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1344, + 1354, + "ID4D <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2021. ID4D global dataset. 18 World Bank.", + "type": "global dataset", + "explanation": "The ID4D refers to a structured collection of data related to identification systems, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentions 'global dataset'", + "associated with World Bank which gives credibility as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, \u2018ID4D\u2019 is clearly identified as a \u2018global dataset\u2019, which strongly suggests that it is a specific collection of structured data rather than just a project name or management information system. The presence of the World Bank as a reference further underscores its legitimacy as a data source. However, the confusion could arise because 'ID4D' could also be interpreted as a broader project name or initiative focused on identification systems, especially if more details were not provided. Nevertheless, the explicit mention of 'dataset' helps clarify its role in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ID4D' behaves as a real dataset because it is explicitly described as a 'global dataset' associated with the World Bank, confirming its role as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XXXII DLI allocation 17, 197, 500. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 5. 0 % \u27a2 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills ( Number ) 0 0 Prime Ministry endorses the curricular for digital training adopted by IPA, 1, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 2, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 3, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 4, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 0. 00 0. 00 3, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 DLI allocation 9, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 2. 57 % \u27a2 5. 4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 746, + 751, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "57 % \u27a2 5. 4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "follows 'recorded using HRMIS'", + "mentioned in the context of project activities and performance", + "not enumerated with clear data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'HRMIS' refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is fundamentally a system designed to manage human resources data and facilitate organizational processes related to recruiting, promoting, and training. The surrounding text indicates that HRMIS is used by public entities for recording various HR-related statistics, but it does not position HRMIS as a discrete, structured collection of data that could be analyzed independently. The repeated mention of percentages related to promotions and trainings suggests that HRMIS might serve as a source that gathers data, but without a clear indication that it constitutes an actual dataset used for analysis. The presence of 'other digital platforms' alongside HRMIS also implies it functions more as a part of a broader system of tools rather than a standalone dataset. Furthermore, while the extraction model may have seen the term \u2018HRMIS\u2019 as related to data due to its involvement in recording statistics, it is essential to recognize that the system itself is not an analytical data source but infrastructure that interacts with data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS should not be treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a management information system, indicated by its role in recording HR-related activities rather than being a dataset used primarily for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XXXII DLI allocation 17, 197, 500. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 5. 0 % \u27a2 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills ( Number ) 0 0 Prime Ministry endorses the curricular for digital training adopted by IPA, 1, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 2, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 3, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 4, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 0. 00 0. 00 3, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 DLI allocation 9, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 2. 57 % \u27a2 5. 4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 977, + 982, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a tool for recruitment and promotions", + "does not indicate structured data as a source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' is explicitly identified as a Human Resource Management Information System, which indicates that it serves a functional role in managing records and processes related to human resources, rather than being a dataset itself. The mention highlights its use in competitive recruitment and other HR-related activities, framing it as a system or tool rather than as a repository of raw data that would typically be analyzed. Phrases like 'utilization of HRMIS' and 'recorded using HRMIS' indicate that it is not positioning HRMIS as a standalone dataset but rather as a tool facilitating data collection and management. The confusion for the model likely arises from the data-related language, particularly 'recorded using HRMIS,' which might lead one to infer that HRMIS contains data that is being analyzed when it's more an infrastructure that performs organizational functions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS is not treated as a dataset here; it is defined as a human resource management system, serving as a tool for managing recruitment and performance, without being explicitly referenced as a source of structured datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XXXII DLI allocation 17, 197, 500. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 5. 0 % \u27a2 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills ( Number ) 0 0 Prime Ministry endorses the curricular for digital training adopted by IPA, 1, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 2, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 3, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 4, 000 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills 0. 00 0. 00 3, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 2, 000, 000. 00 DLI allocation 9, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 2. 57 % \u27a2 5. 4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1089, + 1094, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4: Increase in the utilization of HRMIS and other digital platforms by public entities for competitive recruitment, performance-based promotion and digital upskilling. ( Percentage ) 0 0 18 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 36 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 54 % of recruitments, promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 72 % of recruitments", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system not as a data source", + "described as a platform for HR activities", + "recorded activities are related to usage, not the dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' stands for Human Resource Management Information System, which functions more as a tool or platform for managing HR activities. While it does record data related to recruitment, promotions, and training, the emphasis is on the utilization of HRMIS as a system rather than as a specific dataset with structured records. The language suggests that it is part of broader digital platforms that aggregate and handle data but does not treat HRMIS as a standalone dataset. The model may have confused the term as a dataset because it appears in the context of recorded statistics and outcomes, and it is a capitalized term which often indicates proper nouns or specific data sources. However, without explicit mention of it containing structured, analyzable data as a dataset would, it remains a system facilitating data processes rather than representing a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, HRMIS is treated as a management information system, which primarily acts as a platform for data handling rather than a concrete dataset containing structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 41, + "text": ", promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 0. 00 0. 00 1, 250, 000. 00 1, 250, 000. 00 1, 250, 000. 00 1, 250, 000. 00 DLI allocation 5, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 0. 0 % 6: Establishing digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) ( Yes / No ) 0 No Yes ( a committee established ) Yes ( five registries and standards ) Yes ( four registries and standards and HIS upgraded ) Yes ( all results achieved ) 0. 00 0. 00 3, 000, 000. 00 10, 000, 000. 00 8, 000, 000. 00 8, 000, 000. 00 DLI allocation 29, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 8. 29 % \u27a2 6. 1: Establishment and functioning of a multi-sectoral committee to conduct core health information governance tasks. ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 0. 00 0. 00 3, 000, 000. 00 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 DLI allocation 3, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 0. 75 % \u27a2 6. 2: Establishment of foundational registries and standards ( Number ) 0 0 0 5 4 0 0. 00 0. 00 0. 00 10, 000, 000. 00 8, 000, 000. 00 0. 00 DLI allocation 18, 000, 000. 00 As a % of Total Financing Amount 4. 5 % \u27a2 6. 3: Upgrading of Health information systems to share minimum datasets within the national HIE framework and utilizing common registries. ( Yes / No ) No No No No No Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 58, + 63, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ", promotions, and digital skills trainings recorded using HRMIS and other digital platforms 0. 00 0.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing HR data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside 'other digital platforms'", + "described as a Human Resource Management Information System", + "does not explicitly indicate usage as a data source in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, HRMIS clearly refers to a system for managing human resource-related information. The preceding term 'digital skills trainings' suggests activities recorded by the system rather than indicating that HRMIS itself functions as a concrete dataset. Unlike a traditional dataset, which would be characterized by a structured collection of records purely teeming with data, HRMIS is explicitly identified as a management information system, which serves more as a tool or infrastructure for data management. The confusion may arise due to the acronym being capitalized and appearing in the context of data recording, potentially leading a model to misconstrue it as a dataset. However, without explicit indication that HRMIS is the primary or only source of structured data records being analyzed in this context, it is more appropriate to view HRMIS as a tool for handling data rather than a dataset in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS is not a dataset here; it represents a system used for managing HR-related information and does not serve as a standalone collection of data for analytical purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XXXVIII Verification Protocol Table PDO-level Indicators Result Area 1 on improved service delivery through digitalization Expanding trusted and inclusive access to people-centric digitalized services Description Individuals accessing digitalized public - and private-sector services using trusted, people-centric DPI [ Number ]. Frequency Annually. Data source Annual reports on the usage of digital services from MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector. Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from MODEE \u2019 s administrative data on the usage of transactional digital services that incorporate trusted, people-centric DPI, and cross-checked by the IVA through spot surveys. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Improved access to patient-centric digital service Description Number of beneficiaries who actively use patient-centric digital services offfered through an eletronic medical record ( EMR ) platfrom. Active users refer to those with active acccounts who had logged into accounts at least twice since registration ( disaggregated for Syrian refugee users ).. Frequency Annually. Data source Electronic Health Solution ( EHS ). Methodology for Data Collection Data extracted from myHakeem to measure the number of active users. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS. Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through Digitalization Increased student trust in the fairness of the Tawjihi exam. Description Increased percentage of students expressing trust in the fairness of the Tawjihi exam.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1240, + 1266, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Electronic Health Solution <> data geography" + ], + [ + 644, + 663, + "Electronic Health Solution <> data type" + ], + [ + 1183, + 1203, + "Electronic Health Solution <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1269, + 1272, + "Electronic Health Solution <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1411, + 1414, + "Electronic Health Solution <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Annually. Data source Electronic Health Solution ( EHS ). Methodology for Data Collection Data extracted from myHakeem to measure the number of active users.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Electronic Health Solution refers to a structured collection of data related to patient-centric digital services, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source but described as a solution", + "implies a system or tool rather than a concrete dataset", + "preceded by methodology explanation rather than data specifics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Electronic Health Solution' refers more to a system or tool used to manage health-related data rather than a distinct dataset. The phrase 'data extracted from myHakeem' suggests that myHakeem is the actual data source collection, while EHS appears to be the platform facilitating that extraction rather than a collection of raw data in and of itself. The model may have been confused because it follows the mention of a data source, which can lead to the assumption that it is itself a dataset. However, the overall wording and structure imply that EHS acts as infrastructure or a management system that stores, processes, or manages data rather than representing a standalone dataset for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Electronic Health Solution is better understood as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset due to its description and the context in which it is mentioned." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XXXVIII Verification Protocol Table PDO-level Indicators Result Area 1 on improved service delivery through digitalization Expanding trusted and inclusive access to people-centric digitalized services Description Individuals accessing digitalized public - and private-sector services using trusted, people-centric DPI [ Number ]. Frequency Annually. Data source Annual reports on the usage of digital services from MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector. Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from MODEE \u2019 s administrative data on the usage of transactional digital services that incorporate trusted, people-centric DPI, and cross-checked by the IVA through spot surveys. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Improved access to patient-centric digital service Description Number of beneficiaries who actively use patient-centric digital services offfered through an eletronic medical record ( EMR ) platfrom. Active users refer to those with active acccounts who had logged into accounts at least twice since registration ( disaggregated for Syrian refugee users ).. Frequency Annually. Data source Electronic Health Solution ( EHS ). Methodology for Data Collection Data extracted from myHakeem to measure the number of active users. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS. Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through Digitalization Increased student trust in the fairness of the Tawjihi exam. Description Increased percentage of students expressing trust in the fairness of the Tawjihi exam.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1328, + 1336, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "myHakeem <> data geography" + ], + [ + 644, + 663, + "myHakeem <> data type" + ], + [ + 1183, + 1203, + "myHakeem <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1411, + 1414, + "myHakeem <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data source Electronic Health Solution ( EHS ). Methodology for Data Collection Data extracted from myHakeem to measure the number of active users. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "myHakeem is referenced as a source for extracting data on active users of patient-centric digital services, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data extracted from'", + "mentioned in the context of a project or system", + "associated with 'Electronic Health Solution'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'myHakeem' appears to function more as a platform or an electronic health system dedicated to patient care rather than a dataset itself. The phrase 'Data extracted from myHakeem' suggests that myHakeem serves as a data source; however, it is more indicative of a system that supports data collection, rather than the dataset explicitly used for analysis. The context includes 'Electronic Health Solution', further emphasizing its role as a solution for health management rather than a standalone dataset. The model may have classified it incorrectly as a dataset due to its format, capitalization, or the phrase it follows, all of which align with common signals used to identify data sources, thus blurring the lines between 'system' and 'dataset'.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this specific context, 'myHakeem' is better seen as a health information system rather than a dataset, as it functions as a platform from which data is extracted." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 48, + "text": "Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from the administrative data of MODEE and public - and private-sector relying parties on the use of transactional digital services that incorporate trusted, people-centric DPI, and cross-checked by the IVA through spot surveys. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Improving trusted, people-centric data sharing Description Availability of trusted, people-centric data sharing [ Yes / No ]. Frequency Annually Data source ( a ) Annual reports on DPI implementation from MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector, ( b ) MODEE \u2019 s software documentation and testing reports, and ( c ) Third-party assessment reports. Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from ( a ) DPI implementation reports released by MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector, ( b ) MODEE \u2019 s software documentation, and testing reports, and ( c ) Official reports submitted by third - party assessment bodies recruited to carry out the Privacy Impact Assessments. All indicator values will be cross - checked by the IVA. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Enhanced management of medical records Description Promoting digital transformation in health servcie delivery by scaling up the coverage of an existing EMR platform to all MOH facility sites, prioritizing facility sites in districts with a high concentration of Syrian refugees. Frequency Biannualy. Data source Administrative data from the EHS. Methodology for Data Collection Data collected from the EHS to measure how many MOH facility sites had installed and operationalized the EMR platform. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1305, + 1317, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Enhanced management of medical records Description Promoting digital transformation in health servcie delivery by scaling up the coverage of an existing EMR platform to all MOH facility sites, prioritizing facility sites in districts with a high concentration of Syrian refugees. Frequency Biannualy.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The term 'EMR platform' refers to a system or tool for managing electronic medical records, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a platform, not a dataset", + "mentioned in the context of managing medical records", + "described as enhancing management rather than providing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon examining the context, the term 'EMR platform' clearly refers to a system designed for managing electronic medical records. It does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data nor does it read like a dataset in the traditional sense. While 'EMR platform' does have a specific function and may contain data, it is being framed within the overall description of a project aimed at improving health service delivery, emphasizing digital transformation and management rather than focusing on data collection or analysis. This distinction is crucial\u2014while a model may interpret 'platform' as something akin to a dataset because it stores records, here it is clearly operating in the capacity of a system or tool that facilitates data handling and management rather than serving as a discrete dataset itself. Therefore, it's essential to draw the line at the terms' implications within the broader narrative. The presence of related phrases like 'Responsibility for Data Collection' or 'Frequency Biannually' also point towards an operational framework rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMR platform' is not a dataset; it is referenced as a system for managing electronic medical records within a project framework, emphasizing operational enhancements rather than data collection or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 48, + "text": "Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from the administrative data of MODEE and public - and private-sector relying parties on the use of transactional digital services that incorporate trusted, people-centric DPI, and cross-checked by the IVA through spot surveys. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Improving trusted, people-centric data sharing Description Availability of trusted, people-centric data sharing [ Yes / No ]. Frequency Annually Data source ( a ) Annual reports on DPI implementation from MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector, ( b ) MODEE \u2019 s software documentation and testing reports, and ( c ) Third-party assessment reports. Methodology for Data Collection Indicator values will be collected from ( a ) DPI implementation reports released by MODEE, sectoral ministries, and the private sector, ( b ) MODEE \u2019 s software documentation, and testing reports, and ( c ) Official reports submitted by third - party assessment bodies recruited to carry out the Privacy Impact Assessments. All indicator values will be cross - checked by the IVA. Responsibility for Data Collection MODEE. Enhanced management of medical records Description Promoting digital transformation in health servcie delivery by scaling up the coverage of an existing EMR platform to all MOH facility sites, prioritizing facility sites in districts with a high concentration of Syrian refugees. Frequency Biannualy. Data source Administrative data from the EHS. Methodology for Data Collection Data collected from the EHS to measure how many MOH facility sites had installed and operationalized the EMR platform. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1636, + 1648, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data source Administrative data from the EHS. Methodology for Data Collection Data collected from the EHS to measure how many MOH facility sites had installed and operationalized the EMR platform. Responsibility for Data Collection MOH and EHS.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The term 'EMR platform' refers to a system or tool for managing electronic medical records, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for managing electronic medical records", + "preceded by mentions of data collection methodology", + "not referenced as a data source but as a tool used in data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'EMR platform' in this context is clearly identified as a system designed for managing electronic medical records rather than a dataset itself. While it is involved in the methodology for data collection, the specific language used indicates that it is an infrastructure tool rather than a structured collection of data. The phrases surrounding it, including references to administrative data and data collection responsibilities, reinforce its role as a platform aiding in the collection of data rather than being a dataset comprising raw or processed data itself. The extraction model might have misidentified this as a dataset due to its capitalization, potential presence within a data context, and the proximity to data-related discussions, but it is ultimately positioned as a tool rather than a distinct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'EMR platform' is treated as a management information system in this context, not as a dataset. It facilitates data collection but does not constitute structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XL Direct project beneficiaries \u2013 Refugees and Host Communities Description Number of direct beneficiaries of digital identification, EMR and Tawjihi digitalization who are refugees or living in host communities with a high concentration of refugees ( > 10 percent of the population ), disaggregated by gender Frequency Annual Data source Reports on digital ID implementation by MODEE, administrative data from the EHS, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Data collected and compiled from administrative sources by MOPIC to measure the number of refugee beneficiaries and host communities Responsibility for Data Collection MOPIC Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization Increased access to reliable and efficient digital student assessment ( DLI ) Description Percentage of students sitting for the digital Tawjihi exam, including refugees. Frequency Annually. Data source MOE, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Review of EMIS-generated report. Responsibility for Data Collection MOE. Strengthened digital skills in civil service Description Number of senior officials and applicants to jobs in the civil service with digital skills certified as a result of training. Frequency Once, by Program closure. Data source Roster of digitally skilled trained and certified senior officials and applicants.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 510, + 513, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XL Direct project beneficiaries \u2013 Refugees and Host Communities Description Number of direct beneficiaries of digital identification, EMR and Tawjihi digitalization who are refugees or living in host communities with a high concentration of refugees ( > 10 percent of the population ), disaggregated by gender Frequency Annual Data source Reports on digital ID implementation by MODEE, administrative data from the EHS, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Data collected and compiled from administrative sources by MOPIC to measure the number of refugee beneficiaries and host communities Responsibility for Data Collection MOPIC Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization Increased access to reliable and efficient digital student assessment ( DLI ) Description Percentage of students sitting for the digital Tawjihi exam, including refugees. Frequency Annually.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "EHS refers to an organization or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as Education Management Information System", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "not presented in a manner indicating it contains structured data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EHS' refers to the Education Management Information System, which suggests it serves as a platform to manage educational data rather than being a dataset itself. The text does reference administrative data from the EHS, but this implies that EHS is a system maintaining data rather than a standalone collection of data used for analysis. The sentence construction indicates that while the data may be collected or accessed from EHS, it does not treat EHS as a dataset in the sense of a structured repository of specific records. This could confuse models that might identify EHS as a notable entity (due to capital letters and its role in the data context) and hastily categorize it as a dataset due to its reference alongside administrative data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, EHS is treated as an information system rather than a dataset because it is described as a management information system storing educational data, not as a specific structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XL Direct project beneficiaries \u2013 Refugees and Host Communities Description Number of direct beneficiaries of digital identification, EMR and Tawjihi digitalization who are refugees or living in host communities with a high concentration of refugees ( > 10 percent of the population ), disaggregated by gender Frequency Annual Data source Reports on digital ID implementation by MODEE, administrative data from the EHS, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Data collected and compiled from administrative sources by MOPIC to measure the number of refugee beneficiaries and host communities Responsibility for Data Collection MOPIC Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization Increased access to reliable and efficient digital student assessment ( DLI ) Description Percentage of students sitting for the digital Tawjihi exam, including refugees. Frequency Annually. Data source MOE, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Review of EMIS-generated report. Responsibility for Data Collection MOE. Strengthened digital skills in civil service Description Number of senior officials and applicants to jobs in the civil service with digital skills certified as a result of training. Frequency Once, by Program closure. Data source Roster of digitally skilled trained and certified senior officials and applicants.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 515, + 554, + "named" + ], + [ + 129, + 137, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 434, + 470, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 474, + 479, + "Education Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 481, + 500, + "Education Management Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 655, + 660, + "Education Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1047, + 1050, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1437, + 1518, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XL Direct project beneficiaries \u2013 Refugees and Host Communities Description Number of direct beneficiaries of digital identification, EMR and Tawjihi digitalization who are refugees or living in host communities with a high concentration of refugees ( > 10 percent of the population ), disaggregated by gender Frequency Annual Data source Reports on digital ID implementation by MODEE, administrative data from the EHS, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Data collected and compiled from administrative sources by MOPIC to measure the number of refugee beneficiaries and host communities Responsibility for Data Collection MOPIC Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization Increased access to reliable and efficient digital student assessment ( DLI ) Description Percentage of students sitting for the digital Tawjihi exam, including refugees. Frequency Annually.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational statistics and information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing educational statistics", + "described as part of the data collection methodology", + "not explicitly stated to contain or provide data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is described as a structured collection intended for managing educational statistics. The text mentions the system in the context of data collection without explicitly stating that it is the dataset itself. It appears as part of a description of a methodology for collecting data rather than a source of the data being analyzed. Key contextual cues are the use of terms like 'methodology for data collection' and the inference that the system is part of the infrastructure for managing data rather than being a standalone dataset. The model may have been confused by the formal title and structured nature of the EMIS, which gives it the appearance of being a dataset when in fact it functions more like an information system or tool that facilitates data handling.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Education Management Information System is not labeled as a dataset here because it serves as a management tool for educational data rather than a direct source of the data being analyzed." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XL Direct project beneficiaries \u2013 Refugees and Host Communities Description Number of direct beneficiaries of digital identification, EMR and Tawjihi digitalization who are refugees or living in host communities with a high concentration of refugees ( > 10 percent of the population ), disaggregated by gender Frequency Annual Data source Reports on digital ID implementation by MODEE, administrative data from the EHS, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Data collected and compiled from administrative sources by MOPIC to measure the number of refugee beneficiaries and host communities Responsibility for Data Collection MOPIC Result Area 2 on enhanced government effectiveness through digitalization Increased access to reliable and efficient digital student assessment ( DLI ) Description Percentage of students sitting for the digital Tawjihi exam, including refugees. Frequency Annually. Data source MOE, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Review of EMIS-generated report. Responsibility for Data Collection MOE. Strengthened digital skills in civil service Description Number of senior officials and applicants to jobs in the civil service with digital skills certified as a result of training. Frequency Once, by Program closure. Data source Roster of digitally skilled trained and certified senior officials and applicants.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1052, + 1091, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 129, + 137, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 434, + 470, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1047, + 1050, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1437, + 1518, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Annually. Data source MOE, Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) Methodology for Data Collection Review of EMIS-generated report. Responsibility for Data Collection MOE.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018data source\u2019 but not described as primary dataset", + "described as an information system", + "responsibility for data collection does not indicate dataset usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, although the Education Management Information System (EMIS) is structured to handle educational data, the context indicates it is primarily identified as a system for data management rather than as a dataset itself. The phrase 'Data source MOE, Education Management Information System' suggests the EMIS serves as a source of data collection for the Ministry of Education (MOE), but does not explicitly state it provides a dataset used for analysis in this document. The distinction here relies on the understanding that while EMIS does contain data, it functions as infrastructure for data management rather than a standalone dataset. This might confuse models because it is mentioned alongside 'data source' but is not portrayed as a dataset itself, and its nomenclature could lead to the interpretation that it holds a key role akin to a dataset in the analysis. Therefore, the model might incorrectly categorize it as a dataset due to its operational significance in the data process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Education Management Information System is considered an information system rather than a dataset. It is mentioned as a source of data collection but lacks the direct characterization as a primary dataset used in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 53, + "text": "The DLI disburses US $ 1 million for each percentage point increase in the number of MOH facility sites which installed and operationalized the national EMR platform out of a total number of MOH health facility sites21 in Jordan ( as of calendar year [ CY ] 2023 ) within the limit of US $ 63 million. Description The DLI supports the installation and operationalization of the national EMR platform ( that is, Hakeem ) to produce electronic medical records across all MOH health facility sites. The operational status will include at least four core functions: 1. The ability to query and / or access a record22 in the system. 2. The ability to create and / or update a record in the system. 3. The ability to refer a patient to a different facility with a common facility identifier across the system. 4. The ability to generate administrative activity reports that demonstrate the utilization of the system. 5. The ability for patients to access and view personal medical records. Data source / Agency A delivery notice from the EHS concerning the installation of the EMR platform, and the confirmation notice from the MOH about the installed EMR being operational at supported facility sites. Verification Entity KACE. 21 MOH health facility sites refer to sites that are required to have the EMR platform in accordance with the MOH decision.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 411, + 417, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The DLI disburses US $ 1 million for each percentage point increase in the number of MOH facility sites which installed and operationalized the national EMR platform out of a total number of MOH health facility sites21 in Jordan ( as of calendar year [ CY ] 2023 ) within the limit of US $ 63 million. Description The DLI supports the installation and operationalization of the national EMR platform ( that is, Hakeem ) to produce electronic medical records across all MOH health facility sites. The operational status will include at least four core functions: 1.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "Hakeem refers to an electronic medical records platform, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a national EMR platform", + "mentioned in the context of producing electronic medical records", + "not referred to as a dataset but as a project/system responsible for data creation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Hakeem' is explicitly identified as a national EMR (Electronic Medical Records) platform, which means it is designed to facilitate the creation and management of electronic health records across various facilities. This context suggests that 'Hakeem' functions more like a tool or infrastructure supporting health information management rather than serving as a dataset itself. Though it involves data storage and record-keeping, it does not represent a standalone collection of data intended for analysis or research in the way that a dataset does. The model might have been confused because the term appears in a list that discusses the operational functions surrounding it and appears similar to other terms that might represent datasets, alongside the capitalized proper name indication. However, the distinction between a system that generates data and the structured dataset used for analytical purposes is crucial here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Hakeem' is identified as a platform for electronic medical records, making it a tool rather than a dataset. It doesn't serve as a defined collection of data intended for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 2 disburses a ) USD $ 1, 197, 500 million for the establishment of a functional competency assessment administration and b ) US $ 1 m against each 4. 5 percentage points increase in performance-based promotion for civil servants, up to a percentage of 72 %, in the limit of US $ 18, 000, 000. DLR 5. 3 disburses a ) US $ 1 m for the Prime Ministry \u2019 s endorsement of the curricular for digital training; and b ) US $ 1 m for each batch of 500 civil servants with certified digital literacy / skills, up to a percentage of 72 % and in the limit of US $ 8 m. DLR 5. 4 disburses US $ 1. 25 million against each 18-percentage points increase in the number of competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions and certification of digital literacy / skills training using HRMIS and other digital platform, in the limit of US $ 5 million. Description The DLI supports competency-based and gender-sensitive human resource management and digital skills development in the civil service. It consists of the five following DLRs: DLR 5. 0: Adoption of the regulatory framework for civil service professionalization. DLR 5. 1: Mainstreaming of competitive recruitment for all new civil servants. DLR 5. 2: Mainstreaming of performance-based promotion for civil servants.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 779, + 784, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4 disburses US $ 1. 25 million against each 18-percentage points increase in the number of competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions and certification of digital literacy / skills training using HRMIS and other digital platform, in the limit of US $ 5 million. Description The DLI supports competency-based and gender-sensitive human resource management and digital skills development in the civil service.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system", + "described in relation to funding for project activities", + "not presented as a primary source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' is identified as a Human Resource Management Information System. It is specifically related to the disbursement of funds based on various performance indicators, which suggests that it serves as a facilitative tool for managing human resources rather than a dataset in itself. The sentence indicates that HRMIS is part of the broader framework to support competency-based and skill development initiatives. The potential confusion arises from the fact that HRMIS is mentioned alongside funding metrics, which may lead models to interpret this as a data source. However, since it is framed primarily as a system, especially with phrases like 'disburses' and 'supports', it's clearer that it doesn't function as a dataset in the traditional sense of being a collection of data used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS is not treated as a dataset here because it is described as a management information system that aids project activities rather than representing itself as a concrete structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 75, + 80, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Human Resource Management Information System", + "mentioned alongside 'other digital platforms', suggesting it is part of a broader system", + "not explicitly referenced as a data source but as a utilization context", + "focuses on functions like recording and managing, rather than providing raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' is specifically referred to as a Human Resource Management Information System, indicating it serves as a tool for managing HR-related processes rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms' suggests that HRMIS functions as part of a larger infrastructure used to support various HR activities, such as recruitment and promotion, rather than directly providing data itself. Additionally, while the text mentions 'Data source / Agency DLR 5', the focus is on the HRMIS\u2019s role as a system, leading me to conclude that it does not behave as a concrete dataset here. The model might have been confused because 'HRMIS' is a name that sounds like a potential data source and follows a data context but fails to explicitly fulfill the role of a dataset as defined in this passage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'HRMIS' is identified as a Human Resource Management Information System, which functions more as a system for managing information rather than an independent dataset. Hence, it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 326, + 331, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "enumerated alongside known datasets; described as a management information system that stores records; mentioned without explicit evidence of being a primary data source", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' refers to a Human Resource Management Information System and is mentioned alongside 'SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records', which are clearly defined datasets. However, 'HRMIS' functions more as a system that manages HR data rather than a dataset itself. It stores records and could be a source of data, but it does not explicitly serve as a dataset for analysis in the way the other terms do. The presence of other known datasets and the way 'HRMIS' is described suggests it is functioning in a supportive role rather than as a standalone data source. A model might have confused this term as a dataset due to its capitalized form and positioning in a list with more definitive dataset mentions, leading to an assumption it too is a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'HRMIS' is more accurately categorized as a management information system that holds data rather than a concrete dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 400, + 405, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1005, + 1008, + "HRMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a training registry", + "described specifically as a management information system", + "not indicated as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' is explicitly described as a management information system, which suggests its primary purpose is to manage HR-related data rather than serve as a standalone dataset. The phrase 'training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records' indicates that 'HRMIS' may be involved in housing data but does not directly imply it is the source of discrete, structured data for analysis. The overall structure hints at a collaborative data management or tool situation rather than a unique dataset. While the model may associate 'HRMIS' with data because it operates as a system that holds data, the phrasing indicates that it functions more as a framework or tool rather than being treated as the dataset itself. This creates potential confusion, as the presence of 'data records' could mislead the model into categorizing 'HRMIS' as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, HRMIS should not be considered a dataset because the text indicates it functions as a management information system, managing HR-related data rather than providing a standalone dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 430, + 435, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside a general mention of data reports", + "described as HRMIS data without clarification of it being a dataset", + "reference indicates a system ('HRMIS') rather than a concrete data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'HRMIS' appears to refer to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is primarily a platform or infrastructure used for managing various HR data. While it is mentioned in a context that brings it close to data (e.g., 'HRMIS data reports'), the actual wording does not assert that 'HRMIS' is a dataset. Instead, it suggests that 'HRMIS' provides data, which implies it functions as a source but does not itself constitute the structured data collection that a dataset represents. The confusion may arise because the term 'HRMIS' sounds like it could represent a specific collection of data and follows close to 'data reports,' which can make it appear to be directly involved with datasets. However, since the mention is more about the system itself rather than individual data points or collections, this leads to my conclusion that it should not be classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' behaves more like a system that manages HR data rather than a dataset itself, as it is mentioned in relation to reports but does not assert itself as a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 719, + 724, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described in the context of recording recruitment records", + "not explicitly stated as a data source", + "not enumerated alongside datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, HRMIS is referred to as a Human Resource Management Information System that manages HR-related information. Although the term follows the phrase 'competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS,' it does not explicitly categorize HRMIS as a dataset. Instead, it implies that HRMIS is the system through which these records are managed, but not necessarily a dataset itself. This could lead a model to mistakenly classify it as a dataset due to its structured nature and role in data management, particularly if it lacks clear delineation between systems and datasets in the model's training. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' further indicates it is not being treated as a concrete data source in this instance. Therefore, it should be viewed as a management system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS is not classified as a dataset because it functions as a management information system that holds records but is not explicitly described as a dataset or a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 883, + 888, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned alongside other digital platforms", + "not mentioned as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, HRMIS is explicitly referred to as a management information system (MIS), which indicates that it is more of a tool or infrastructure that supports HR functions rather than a standalone dataset. Although the model might have extracted it as a dataset due to its capitalization and formal nature (suggesting a name), the surrounding text emphasizes its role in managing HR-related information rather than serving as the data source itself. The phrase 'performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS' implies it functions to store and organize data but does not confirm it as the dataset being referenced. Instead, it is important to distinguish between systems that manage data and the datasets themselves, and in this case, HRMIS leans more towards being the managerial tool rather than a unique data source. The potential confusion for models may stem from the way HRMIS is structured in the text and its proximity to data references, leading to an assumption that it holds all characteristics of a dataset when in fact it is part of a larger infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HRMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is identified as a management information system that organizes HR-related data rather than being a standalone source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1055, + 1060, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in a list with other digital platforms", + "not explicitly referenced as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is fundamentally an infrastructure or tool designed for managing human resources data rather than a discrete dataset itself. While the text mentions that records are shared annually by IPA and stored by HRMIS, it does not indicate that HRMIS is a dataset in itself. The term is associated with two phrases: 'shared annually' and 'recorded by,' which signal that it stores data rather than constituting a dataset designed for analysis. The confusion may stem from the fact that it follows the pattern of phrases suggesting data usage, but these phrases also indicate that 'HRMIS' is part of a broader system rather than a single, defined dataset. Additionally, referring to 'other digital platforms' alongside HRMIS complicates its identification as a dataset, as it groups a system with other possibly disparate systems or tools. Thus, 'HRMIS' better fits the description of an information system than that of a dataset that one would analyze directly in research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'HRMIS' is not classified as a dataset because it is identified as a management information system that houses records and is part of a broader collection of digital platforms, thus serving more as an infrastructure for data rather than a specific dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 54, + "text": "DLR 5. 3: Enhanced digital literacy / skills. DLR 5. 4: Utilization of the HRMIS and other digital platforms for recording competitive recruitments, performance-based promotions, and digital upskilling. Data source / Agency DLR 5. 0: SPAC DLR 5. 1 and 2: SPAC Assessment Center HR interview and evaluation records, as well as HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 3: Training registry maintained by the IPA and HRMIS data records. DLR 5. 4: HRMIS data reports. Verification Entity KACE. Procedure DLR 5. 0: Verification of adopted SPAC by-law and subsidiary regulation. DLR 5. 1: Verification of recruitment records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and competence-based recruitments recorded by the HRMIS. DLR 5. 2: Verification of promotion records and competency assessment reports shared biannually by the SPAC and performance-based promotions recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 3: Verification of digital skill certifying training records shared annually by IPA and digital skill credentials recorded by the HRMIS and other digital platforms. DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable. The DLI disburses up to US $ 29 million across the three following DLRs:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1120, + 1125, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 985, + "HRMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR 5. 4: Cross-validation of HRMIS and other digital platforms data reports with SPAC Assessment Center interview and evaluation records and IPA training assessment reports. DLI 6 on the establishment of digital health standards across a national Health Information Exchange ( HIE ) Formula Scalable.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a Human Resource Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing HR-related information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned alongside other digital platforms and reports", + "not explicitly labeled as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'HRMIS' refers to a Human Resource Management Information System rather than a specific dataset. The mention occurs in a context where it is linked with other digital platforms and reports, suggesting it functions as part of an ecosystem rather than a standalone data source. There are no phrases indicating that the data being analyzed comes directly from HRMIS in a meaningful dataset-centric way, but rather it is implied that HRMIS holds data which is cross-validated with other sources. This distinction is critical because while HRMIS contains data, it functions more as a tool or infrastructure supporting HR management rather than being a dataset by itself. A model might be confused due to the proximity of 'HRMIS' to terms like 'data reports,' which can lead to the assumption that it is functioning as a dataset. Additionally, 'HRMIS' is capitalized, leading to an interpretation as a proper name, which further supports the idea that it could be a dataset. However, the contextual signals indicate it is better seen as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HRMIS' is regarded as a management information system that holds data, rather than a dataset itself. It is referenced alongside other digital tools and reports, emphasizing its role as part of a broader infrastructure rather than a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 55, + "text": "These shall include: ( 1 ) a client registry ( that supports the unique identification and management of patient identities ); ( 2 ) one or more terminology registries accessible as a service ( that provide a standardized classification or a query-able source for health information exchange, including clinical terminologies, ontologies, dictionaries, code systems, and value sets ); ( 3 ) a universal facility registry ( that sets the unique identifier for locations where health services are provided ); ( 4 ) a health professional registry ( that sets the unique identifier for health workers that provide services within a country ); and ( 5 ) a common product catalogue ( that properly defines and categorizes medical products or commodities ). 24 Core standards include: ( 1 ) content standards ( that dictate the structure of electronic documents and types of data they must contain by ensuring data is properly organized and represented in a clear manner ); ( 2 ) terminology standards ( that ensure that all parties will be able to understand and use it while exchanging health data ); ( 3 ) transport standards ( that facilitate data exchange between different systems by defining what formats, document architecture, data elements, methods, and application programming interfaces to use for achieving interoperability ); and ( 4 ) security standards ( that establish administrative and technical rules to protect sensitive data from misuse, unauthorized access, or disclosure ). 25 Health information systems could include the national EMR platform, supply chain management information system, and surveillance systems managed by the MOH. Selected health information systems will be described in the Program Operational Manual ( including the verification protocol ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1539, + 1560, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "24 Core standards include: ( 1 ) content standards ( that dictate the structure of electronic documents and types of data they must contain by ensuring data is properly organized and represented in a clear manner ); ( 2 ) terminology standards ( that ensure that all parties will be able to understand and use it while exchanging health data ); ( 3 ) transport standards ( that facilitate data exchange between different systems by defining what formats, document architecture, data elements, methods, and application programming interfaces to use for achieving interoperability ); and ( 4 ) security standards ( that establish administrative and technical rules to protect sensitive data from misuse, unauthorized access, or disclosure ). 25 Health information systems could include the national EMR platform, supply chain management information system, and surveillance systems managed by the MOH. Selected health information systems will be described in the Program Operational Manual ( including the verification protocol ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The term 'national EMR platform' refers to a system or program for managing electronic medical records, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system alongside other health information systems", + "described in a context focused on standards for electronic health data", + "not explicitly referred to as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'national EMR platform' is situated amongst other health information systems like a supply chain management information system and surveillance systems. The language used emphasizes standards and functionalities pertinent to electronic health data management rather than referring to any specific dataset. While the platform may indeed contain data, it functions as a tool or system for managing that data rather than being a concrete dataset used for analysis. The lack of explicit indicators like 'uses data from' further influences my decision. The model might be confused because the phrase has the structure of a titled entity (capitalized) and is somewhat aligned with data management functions, making it appear as if it operates in the same domain as datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'national EMR platform' operates as a system for managing electronic medical records and does not represent a specific dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XLIX Against DLR 9. 2: US $ 1 million for each core micro-data set made available via an online portal to users in adherence with the access protocols for up to a total of US $ 8 million. Against DLR 9. 3: An additional US $ 400, 000 for every core micro-data set made available with indicators for gender, disability and residency status, for up to 5 micro data sets and in the limit of US $ 2 million. Description The DLI supports the operationalization of an interactive statistical interface by DOS to allow users to query key statistical indicators ( such as unemployment, labor force participation, and so on ). This can be done according to user-defined cross tabulations, including gender, age, education-level, nationality and governorate. The DLI also supports the integration of administrative data on the platform from key line ministries to allow for a \u2018 one-stop shop \u2019, with incentives for each additional line Ministry that is integrated.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 515, + 518, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: An additional US $ 400, 000 for every core micro-data set made available with indicators for gender, disability and residency status, for up to 5 micro data sets and in the limit of US $ 2 million. Description The DLI supports the operationalization of an interactive statistical interface by DOS to allow users to query key statistical indicators ( such as unemployment, labor force participation, and so on ). This can be done according to user-defined cross tabulations, including gender, age, education-level, nationality and governorate.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "DLI refers to a program or initiative related to the operationalization of a statistical interface, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as supporting an operationalization", + "not mentioned as a data source", + "focused on interactive statistical interface rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DLI' is not a dataset but rather a program or initiative aimed at enhancing the operational capabilities of statistical user interfaces. The phrase discusses the DLI's role in supporting functionality for querying statistical indicators, which reinforces the idea that it serves more as a tool or system rather than a concrete collection of data. The model might have misinterpreted DLI as a dataset because it is presented in a structured setting where data is being discussed; it uses the context of financial support for micro-data sets. However, 'DLI' lacks the direct association with a collection of data records. The phrases involving query functionality further imply that DLI functions as a platform or interface rather than as a discrete dataset. Given this distinction, I conclude that DLI should not be categorized as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DLI is a program supporting statistical queries, not a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | XLIX Against DLR 9. 2: US $ 1 million for each core micro-data set made available via an online portal to users in adherence with the access protocols for up to a total of US $ 8 million. Against DLR 9. 3: An additional US $ 400, 000 for every core micro-data set made available with indicators for gender, disability and residency status, for up to 5 micro data sets and in the limit of US $ 2 million. Description The DLI supports the operationalization of an interactive statistical interface by DOS to allow users to query key statistical indicators ( such as unemployment, labor force participation, and so on ). This can be done according to user-defined cross tabulations, including gender, age, education-level, nationality and governorate. The DLI also supports the integration of administrative data on the platform from key line ministries to allow for a \u2018 one-stop shop \u2019, with incentives for each additional line Ministry that is integrated.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 848, + 851, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This can be done according to user-defined cross tabulations, including gender, age, education-level, nationality and governorate. The DLI also supports the integration of administrative data on the platform from key line ministries to allow for a \u2018 one-stop shop \u2019, with incentives for each additional line Ministry that is integrated.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "DLI refers to a program or initiative related to the operationalization of a statistical interface, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform", + "involved integration of administrative data", + "uses 'one-stop shop' terminology", + "does not refer to specific structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DLI' appears to refer to a platform or initiative rather than an actual dataset. The mention of DLI is accompanied by phrases indicating that it integrates administrative data from various line ministries, which suggests that it's a system designed to process and organize data from multiple sources rather than being a single data collection itself. Since the context emphasizes its functionality as a one-stop solution and operational framework rather than a structured dataset, it is clear that it is not used as a dataset here. A model might confuse this term with a dataset due to its capitalization (suggesting a proper noun) and its association with the integration of data, which could lead to the assumption that it behaves like a data source. However, the emphasis is on the platform's role rather than on data it contains, making it more of an infrastructure tool than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DLI' is not a dataset but a platform for integrating data from various sources, focusing on operational capabilities rather than a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 61, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 52 reform, the Ministry of Education on digital examinations, the Ministry of Health on the digitalization of the health sector, the Information Council regarding Access to Information ) after ascertaining institutional capacity and fiscal resources. * * * 6. Result Area 1 on service delivery addresses one of the main strategic objectives of the Public Sector Modernization Roadmap and Digital Transformation Strategy, with a focus on increasing the inclusive adoption of people-centric digital identity, improving trusted, people-centric data sharing, and expanding trusted and inclusive access to people-centric digitalized services, including health services. - Jordan has been actively working on the digitalization of public services; however, user adoption remains low due to limited end-to-end service digitalization, low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, and eligibility restricted thus far to citizens. The Sanad application implemented by MODEE includes digital identity ( ID ), electronic signature, and a personal document store, in addition to functioning as a unified online portal for accessing digitalized public services. Approximately 800, 000 users ( that is, around 7 percent of the population ) have activated their Sanad accounts as of January 2024, which is far below the Government \u2019 s goal of 3. 5 million active digital IDs by 2025.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1043, + 1048, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "- Jordan has been actively working on the digitalization of public services; however, user adoption remains low due to limited end-to-end service digitalization, low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, and eligibility restricted thus far to citizens. The Sanad application implemented by MODEE includes digital identity ( ID ), electronic signature, and a personal document store, in addition to functioning as a unified online portal for accessing digitalized public services. Approximately 800, 000 users ( that is, around 7 percent of the population ) have activated their Sanad accounts as of January 2024, which is far below the Government \u2019 s goal of 3.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The term 'Sanad' refers to an application that provides digital identity and access to public services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an application", + "described as providing digital identity and access to services", + "functions as a unified online portal, not as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is clearly identified as an application developed by MODEE, which serves multiple functions including digital identity verification and access to public services. It does not refer to a structured collection of data or a dataset in the traditional sense, but rather a digital tool or infrastructure that users interact with. When evaluating the contextual phrases, it does not follow phrases like 'uses data from', nor is it explicitly referred to as a data source. Instead, the text outlines its role within the digital ecosystem as an application rather than indicating it holds raw data or structured records that could be analyzed as a standalone dataset. This could lead models to mistakenly treat it as a dataset because it is capitalized and is associated with user accounts, which might hint at data storage, but fundamentally, it lacks the characteristics of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is not a dataset but an application providing digital services and identity verification, distinguishing it from a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 61, + "text": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians \u2013 amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by: ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new Government Service Centers ( GSCs ) or targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; ( 3 ) implementing a Digital Public Infrastructure ( DPI ) 27 ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows. Taking a trusted, people-centric DPI ecosystem approach offers the opportunity to embrace international standards and open internet technologies by using trusted data for eligibility purposes, access control, and the provision of efficient, in-demand digitalized services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 24, + 29, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians \u2013 amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by: ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new Government Service Centers ( GSCs ) or targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; ( 3 ) implementing a Digital Public Infrastructure ( DPI ) 27 ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a digital ID program aimed at improving service delivery and user engagement, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a digital ID program", + "described as having low adoption due to perceived relevance", + "not referred to as a data source or collection", + "context of enhancing service delivery rather than data output" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is presented as a digital ID program and not as a dataset or data source. The text discusses its limited adoption and plans for improvement in terms of service delivery and user engagement, which suggests it primarily functions as a system rather than a collection of data. The mention does not indicate that Sanad itself is the source of data or a structured dataset; instead, it is described in the context of services and features that aim to improve user experiences. This is where the model may have been confused, as it follows a structured presentation but fails to denote Sanad as a dataset. The terms used such as 'program,' 'service delivery,' and 'features' clearly orient it towards a management structure rather than data storage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Sanad is a digital ID program aimed at improving service delivery, and thus should not be classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 61, + "text": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians \u2013 amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by: ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new Government Service Centers ( GSCs ) or targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; ( 3 ) implementing a Digital Public Infrastructure ( DPI ) 27 ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows. Taking a trusted, people-centric DPI ecosystem approach offers the opportunity to embrace international standards and open internet technologies by using trusted data for eligibility purposes, access control, and the provision of efficient, in-demand digitalized services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 347, + 352, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The limited adoption of Sanad is due to low perceived relevance for many individuals and service providers, as well as to eligibility restricted so far to citizens, thus leaving various demographic groups ( such as non-Jordanians \u2013 amongst whom refugees, and military personnel ) ineligible for a digital ID. MODEE plans to increase the uptake of Sanad by: ( 1 ) expanding eligibility and outreach to enroll additional users ( for example, through the operationalization of new Government Service Centers ( GSCs ) or targeted visits to refugee communities ); ( 2 ) introducing new features to enhance trust, interoperability, security, and people centricity, such as adding a mechanism to collect user consent for data sharing; ( 3 ) implementing a Digital Public Infrastructure ( DPI ) 27 ecosystem approach that is aligned with international good practice, to achieve effective, end-to-end, digitalized service delivery workflows. Taking a trusted, people-centric DPI ecosystem approach offers the opportunity to embrace international standards and open internet technologies by using trusted data for eligibility purposes, access control, and the provision of efficient, in-demand digitalized services.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad refers to a digital ID program aimed at improving service delivery and user engagement, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a digital ID program", + "focuses on eligibility and outreach expansion", + "does not describe a structured collection of data", + "entire context revolves around service delivery, not data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is explicitly identified as a digital ID program aimed at improving service delivery. The text discusses its limited adoption, eligibility criteria, and plans for increasing uptake, all of which pertain to a programmatic initiative rather than a structured dataset of records. The presence of phrases like 'limited adoption' and references to outreach initiatives reinforce that 'Sanad' is an operational framework rather than a collection of data points or statistics. A model might have confused this term as a dataset due to capitalization and the context in which it was placed, where it may have appeared to be listed like a data source. However, the lack of references to it as a source of structured records or data analysis clarifies its role as a project rather than a dataset. There is a fine line here: while 'Sanad' may utilize or generate data, the analysis presented focuses on program impacts and structures, not on quantitative data sets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'Sanad' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a digital ID program focused on service delivery, not a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 54 6. The Program aims to address challenges that prevents Jordan \u2019 s health system to be more efficient and effective to provide people-centric quality services. According to the Global Digital Health Index ( 2018 ), Jordan has developed a more mature digital health landscape ( with an overall score of 4 out of 5 ), compared to other neighboring countries, such as Iraq and Kuwait. However, due to multiple electronic information systems designed and operated in silos, data systems have been fragmented with inconsistent data quality. Other assessments also highlight areas for improvement, such as governance ( for example, a lack of standards across different systems and enforcement ), ICT infrastructure ( for example, limited coverage of ICT equipment and broadband coverage at health facilities ), and institutional and workforce capacity. Accordingly, the Program aims to address critical gaps by supporting the expansion, interoperability, and effective use of digital health information systems in Jordan. With Jordan \u2019 s mature digital health landscape, expected results from the Program will enable Jordan to establish a conducive governance environment for more transparent and effective integration of innovative technologies in the health sector. In addition, the Program builds on the legacy that Jordan had invested in during the last 10 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 275, + 302, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ], + [ + 154, + 160, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ], + [ + 305, + 309, + "Global Digital Health Index <> publication year" + ], + [ + 313, + 319, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1106, + 1112, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1125, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1209, + 1215, + "Global Digital Health Index <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program aims to address challenges that prevents Jordan \u2019 s health system to be more efficient and effective to provide people-centric quality services. According to the Global Digital Health Index ( 2018 ), Jordan has developed a more mature digital health landscape ( with an overall score of 4 out of 5 ), compared to other neighboring countries, such as Iraq and Kuwait. However, due to multiple electronic information systems designed and operated in silos, data systems have been fragmented with inconsistent data quality.", + "type": "index", + "explanation": "The Global Digital Health Index is a structured collection of data that evaluates and scores the digital health landscape of countries, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described with metrics (score of 4 out of 5)", + "implies a systematic evaluation of digital health" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Global Digital Health Index' is described as an evaluative measure of the digital health landscape, providing a specific score based on data collected about various countries, including Jordan. The phrase 'according to' is used, which signals that the information draws from this index as a data source. This strong contextual cue indicates that it is being treated as a structured dataset rather than merely a project or a system. Although the phrase 'electronic information systems' is mentioned later, it refers to systems problematic for data quality, not directly connected to the Global Digital Health Index. This could lead to some confusion about whether it might be seen as a system because of its formal name, but because it directly influences analysis and is clearly represented with a scoring metric, it aligns with the definition of a dataset in this scenario.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Global Digital Health Index' is treated as a dataset because it provides systematic evaluations and scores, and is presented as a source of data used in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 63, + "text": "As such, it would help to transform health sector service delivery and produce more quality data for timely decision-making. The Program aims to address critical gaps by supporting the expansion, interoperability, and effective use of digital health information systems in Jordan. The Program includes Results Areas that foster a foundational environment, thus enabling digital transformation at scale via the HIE and appropriate oversight, governance, and management mechanisms. Building on the strong interoperability layer, the national EMR system will be expanded to all MOH facilities at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Currently, the Electronic Medical Records do not track refugee status, making it difficult to determine whether a registered non-Jordanian \u2013 including Syrian refugee patient is eligible for subsidized healthcare services. This contributes to the low uptake of health-services by refugees. Collected data from the national EMR will then be used to strengthen institutional capacity in data use through institutionalized data quality audits. 7. Result Area 2 on government effectiveness supports a cross-cutting objective of enhancing the professionalization of the civil service, including its digital literacy, as well as two sector specific strategic objectives, namely: improving student assessments through digitalization and enhancing the quality of health data. - Enhancing the professionalization of the civil service in Jordan is one of the main strategic thrusts of the Public Sector Modernization Roadmap.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 531, + 550, + "named" + ], + [ + 273, + 279, + "national EMR system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 653, + 679, + "national EMR system <> data type" + ], + [ + 1465, + 1471, + "national EMR system <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program includes Results Areas that foster a foundational environment, thus enabling digital transformation at scale via the HIE and appropriate oversight, governance, and management mechanisms. Building on the strong interoperability layer, the national EMR system will be expanded to all MOH facilities at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Currently, the Electronic Medical Records do not track refugee status, making it difficult to determine whether a registered non-Jordanian \u2013 including Syrian refugee patient is eligible for subsidized healthcare services.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The national EMR system is a structured collection of electronic medical records used for health data management and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described only in the context of interoperability and health data management", + "does not indicate the collection of structured records specifically for this analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'national EMR system' appears to be more descriptive of an infrastructure used for managing and storing electronic medical records rather than a dataset in itself. While it does mention electronic medical records, which can contain data, it does not frame the 'national EMR system' as a primary data source for the analysis. Instead, it describes the system's function and intents to expand its capabilities within healthcare facilities. The model may have been confused because the term 'system' can imply organization and storage of data, potentially leading it to be viewed as a dataset. However, the context clearly points toward it being an information system rather than a discrete dataset used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'national EMR system' refers to a management information system overseeing the collection and access of electronic medical records, rather than serving as a specific dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 65, + "text": "Regarding the implication of the fiscal context for the PforR and any impact of the PforR on the fiscal outlook, the Program expenditure framework is fully informed by the current context of fiscal consolidation; as such, it should not be impacted by the fiscal outlook of further consolidation. It only amounts to a very small percentage of current and projected public expenditures ( less than one percent ). It essentially consists of recurrent expenditures ( to the exclusion of subsidies ), which are projected to increase slightly in the next five years ( that is, by 19 percent in nominal terms ). It is not expected that further fiscal consolidation should impact it for three reasons: ( 1 ) It is narrowly limited in proportion to budget expenditures; ( 2 ) It does not call for a significant increase in appropriations; and ( 3 ) It does not include sizeable capital spending or subsidies, which are the variables commonly used for fiscal consolidation in Jordan. It also consists of budget expenditures deemed strategic for the implementation of the government \u2019 s economic strategy and reform agenda. It does not require any additional spending than what is already budgeted ( and extrapolated beyond the medium-term 29 Global Affairs Canada, 2021, Assessment of the Ministry of Health ( MOH ) technical and infrastructure needs, and human resource capacities related to Health Information System ( HIS ) management at the primary and secondary healthcare level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1383, + 1408, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It also consists of budget expenditures deemed strategic for the implementation of the government \u2019 s economic strategy and reform agenda. It does not require any additional spending than what is already budgeted ( and extrapolated beyond the medium-term 29 Global Affairs Canada, 2021, Assessment of the Ministry of Health ( MOH ) technical and infrastructure needs, and human resource capacities related to Health Information System ( HIS ) management at the primary and secondary healthcare level.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Health Information System' refers to a system for managing health data rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of a technical assessment rather than as a data source", + "appears in the context of infrastructure and capacities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Health Information System' is discussed in relation to the technical and infrastructure needs of the Ministry of Health and is clearly presented as part of a broader evaluation of management practices. The phrase does not present the Health Information System as a dataset itself or as a concrete collection of data points but rather as a system that manages health data. This distinction is crucial; a system may contain datasets, but merely being a system doesn't categorize it as a dataset for analysis or research. The presence of terms like 'management' and 'infrastructure needs' signals that the focus is on operational capacity rather than data collection for analytical purposes. The model might have mistakenly identified 'Health Information System' as a dataset due to the formalized term and the context's technical nature, which often leads to such systems being conflated with data sets. Therefore, I conclude that this term should not be classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Health Information System' in this context refers to a framework for managing health data rather than a concrete, structured collection of data. Therefore, it is not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 60 20. Targeted results may be impacted by the exogenous risks identified in the Program \u2019 s integrated risk assessment. Increasing security concerns triggered by the ongoing conflict may distract government attention and fiscal resources, while climate change is not expected to impact the achievement of results. M & E Capacity 21. The Program \u2019 s M & E framework leverages government monitoring systems, which ensures adequate measuring and reporting of progress toward the targeted results. Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 915, + 920, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Sanad <> publisher" + ], + [ + 945, + 1025, + "Sanad <> data description" + ], + [ + 1073, + 1099, + "Sanad <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Sanad is referenced as part of the monitoring and evaluation framework for a government program, indicating it is a structured collection of data related to access to e-services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other systems and projects", + "mentioned as part of IT infrastructure", + "not explicitly described as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sanad' is mentioned among other systems and information management tools that serve different Result Areas. The phrasing indicates that it is part of the broader IT infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The previous analysis labeled it as a dataset likely due to confusion with the context where it follows 'based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results.' However, here it is referenced alongside other systems without distinct recognition as a dataset. The term is not elaborated on as containing specific data points, records, or indicators that would support its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Sanad' is better understood as part of an IT infrastructure or project rather than a concrete dataset, as it is mentioned together with other similar systems without explicit reference to it containing structured data or records." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 60 20. Targeted results may be impacted by the exogenous risks identified in the Program \u2019 s integrated risk assessment. Increasing security concerns triggered by the ongoing conflict may distract government attention and fiscal resources, while climate change is not expected to impact the achievement of results. M & E Capacity 21. The Program \u2019 s M & E framework leverages government monitoring systems, which ensures adequate measuring and reporting of progress toward the targeted results. Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1031, + 1041, + "named" + ], + [ + 1073, + 1099, + "EMR system <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The EMR system refers to a structured collection of electronic medical records used for managing patient information, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a system, not explicitly as a data source", + "follows enumeration with similar systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'EMR system' specifically refers to a management information system that manages electronic medical records. While it contains data, it is framed as an infrastructure supporting the achievement of results across specific domains (in this case, DLI 4). The EMR system is listed among other systems like HRMIS and EMIS, which are not treated as datasets in the same way that a database of structured records typically would be. The presence of phrases like 'IT infrastructure' and the enumeration alongside other similar systems signal that, rather than being treated as a concrete dataset per se, it is better understood as a system facilitating data management rather than a dataset itself. The model may have been confused because it looks like a proper name and appears in a context where it could imply data generation, but lacking a clear mention of it as a data source leans towards understanding it as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'EMR system' functions as a management information system for electronic medical records rather than as a dataset itself, as it is not presented clearly as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 60 20. Targeted results may be impacted by the exogenous risks identified in the Program \u2019 s integrated risk assessment. Increasing security concerns triggered by the ongoing conflict may distract government attention and fiscal resources, while climate change is not expected to impact the achievement of results. M & E Capacity 21. The Program \u2019 s M & E framework leverages government monitoring systems, which ensures adequate measuring and reporting of progress toward the targeted results. Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1105, + 1110, + "named" + ], + [ + 1155, + 1168, + "HRMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HRMIS refers to a structured database used for managing human resource data, which aligns with the definition of a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list of IT infrastructure along with other systems", + "described as related to the professionalization of civil service, not as a data source", + "follows 'reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by' which suggests a broader context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term HRMIS in this context, it's important to understand that it appears within a larger description of various IT infrastructures supporting different areas of work. While HRMIS could refer to a structured database for human resource management, here it is framed as a system linked to civil service professionalization rather than as a concrete data source for analysis. The surrounding text emphasizes that reporting is based on information and data generated by IT infrastructure overall, rather than suggesting HRMIS is the sole or direct source of datasets. This contextual framing leads me to conclude that it functions more as part of the system toolset rather than a standalone dataset, which explains why the model might confuse it due to its structured appeal and capitalized format. The potential confusion arises from HRMIS's structural capabilities that suggest data management, thus appearing dataset-like but not fitting the direct definition of a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, HRMIS is better seen as an information system that contributes to the infrastructure generating data, rather than an independent dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 60 20. Targeted results may be impacted by the exogenous risks identified in the Program \u2019 s integrated risk assessment. Increasing security concerns triggered by the ongoing conflict may distract government attention and fiscal resources, while climate change is not expected to impact the achievement of results. M & E Capacity 21. The Program \u2019 s M & E framework leverages government monitoring systems, which ensures adequate measuring and reporting of progress toward the targeted results. Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1174, + 1213, + "named" + ], + [ + 1216, + 1220, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1290, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside various systems and projects", + "described as an information system that manages educational information", + "used in the context of reporting and results rather than as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' is referenced as part of a larger IT infrastructure supporting various reporting and result-tracking initiatives. While it certainly contains educational data, it is specifically framed as a system rather than a direct dataset. The text mentions it alongside other systems (like Sanad, EMR, and HRMIS), which signals that it functions more as a management platform for educational data rather than presenting itself as a standalone dataset. The model might have been confused by its capitalized status and because it follows the general structure where data sources are introduced. However, the context indicates that its primary function is as a management tool supporting data collection rather than offering data in a format typically expected of a dataset, like raw records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context; rather, it is identified as an information system that plays a role in managing educational data but is not presented as a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan People-Centric Digital Government Program-for-Results ( P180291 ) Page | 60 20. Targeted results may be impacted by the exogenous risks identified in the Program \u2019 s integrated risk assessment. Increasing security concerns triggered by the ongoing conflict may distract government attention and fiscal resources, while climate change is not expected to impact the achievement of results. M & E Capacity 21. The Program \u2019 s M & E framework leverages government monitoring systems, which ensures adequate measuring and reporting of progress toward the targeted results. Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1296, + 1316, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators to measure process, output and outcome level results are deemed specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely ( SMART ). Across the Result Areas, reporting on progress will be based on information and data generated by the very same IT infrastructure mobilized for the achievement of results, as follows: Sanad for DLIs 1, 2, and 3 on access to e-services, digital identity, and trusted, people-centric data sharing; the EMR system for DLI 4 on the management of electronic medical records; the HRMIS for DLI 5 on the professionalization of the civil service; the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) for DLI 7 on the digitalization of general secondary education exam; the PMDU internet portal for DLI 8 on e-participation; and the DOS interactive internet portal for DLI 9 on interactive statistical data.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The PMDU internet portal is a platform for e-participation and not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as a platform for e-participation", + "enumerated alongside other management information systems", + "not explicitly stated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'PMDU internet portal' appears as part of a list of platforms and systems employed for various development initiatives (in this case, e-participation). The phrasing does not suggest that the portal is intended to function as a dataset; rather, it focuses on its role as a project or tool. It is categorized alongside other systems explicitly labeled as management information systems (MIS), indicating that the intent is to describe its infrastructural role instead of highlighting it as a dataset. Although it could generate data or contain some records, the description emphasizes usage for participation rather than as a source of structured data analytics. The extraction model may have misinterpreted it as a dataset due to it being listed in a sequence that includes actual data sources and due to its capitalized mention, which might resemble a formal dataset title. However, the lack of direct reference to any data extraction or analysis involving the PMDU portal reinforces its designation as a project rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The PMDU internet portal is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is emphasized as a platform for e-participation rather than a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 72, + "text": "The overall fiduciary risk of the Program is rated as \u201c Moderate. \u201d The overall Program \u2019 s fiduciary framework is assessed as adequate to provide reasonable assurance that the Program \u2019 s financing proceeds will be used for intended purposes, with due attention to the principles of economy, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability. Key risks have been identified and those that could potentially impact the Program are detailed in the risks section. 3. The following risk mitigation measures are proposed: ( 1 ) The Bank team will review the annual budgetary allocations of implementing agencies; ( 2 ) Special annual reports on arrears will be submitted to the World Bank for monitoring purposes; ( 3 ) The implementing agencies will use an electronic system to manage their contracts, and it will be interconnected to the Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ); ( 4 ) Procurement plans will be based on annual work plans of different agencies; ( 5 ) MOPIC will coordinate and monitor the overall procurement plans; ( 6 ) Timely recording of procurement transactions will be ensured; ( 7 ) Capacity building of procurement departments will be done through training on Procurement Bylaw No. 8 / 2022 and e-procurement ( JONEPS ); ( 8 ) Complaint records will be uploaded and published on JONEPS; ( 9 ) Implementing agencies will appoint qualified technical specialized staff", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 846, + 896, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3. The following risk mitigation measures are proposed: ( 1 ) The Bank team will review the annual budgetary allocations of implementing agencies; ( 2 ) Special annual reports on arrears will be submitted to the World Bank for monitoring purposes; ( 3 ) The implementing agencies will use an electronic system to manage their contracts, and it will be interconnected to the Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ); ( 4 ) Procurement plans will be based on annual work plans of different agencies; ( 5 ) MOPIC will coordinate and monitor the overall procurement plans; ( 6 ) Timely recording of procurement transactions will be ensured; ( 7 ) Capacity building of procurement departments will be done through training on Procurement Bylaw No. 8 / 2022 and e-procurement ( JONEPS ); ( 8 ) Complaint records will be uploaded and published on JONEPS; ( 9 ) Implementing agencies will appoint qualified technical specialized staff", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Government Financial Management Information System is a system used for managing financial information, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system to manage financial information", + "not described as a structured dataset for analysis", + "there is no signal indicating it is used as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Government Financial Management Information System (GFMIS) is described as an electronic system for managing contracts and is interconnected with other systems. The phrase 'interconnected to the Government Financial Management Information System' indicates that it supports operations rather than serving as a standalone dataset used for research or analysis. Despite appearing to be a data source, it functions more as an infrastructure to facilitate contract management. This might confuse models because it is capitalized, making it resemble other datasets, and its mention in a list could imply it is a source. However, the text does not indicate that GFMIS provides structured data records directly used for analytics, further supporting the decision that it is more of a system than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Government Financial Management Information System is a management system rather than a dataset. It is not presented in the text as a source for data analysis but rather as an infrastructure for managing financial information." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 72, + "text": "for drafting bidding documents; ( 10 ) Coordination and integration of the Program will be done by a central agency, such as MOPIC, for Results Areas involving multiple agencies. Planning and Budgeting 4. The assessment confirms that Jordan \u2019 s budget systems are adequate for the Program. Implementing agencies use the GFMIS for budget preparation and execution. The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used. The GFMIS offers limited functionalities include: ( a ) the presentation of an initial policy-focused budget submission; ( b ) the entering of multiple quarters and multi - year commitments; and ( c ) capturing and populating the outstanding commitments and outstanding invoices for arrears monitoring. As a result, arrears have continued to be a problem. Jordan \u2019 s budgetary central government budget classification meets Government Financial Statistics / Classification of the Functions of Government standards. 31 These classifications are included in the current chart of accounts, allowing for all transactions to be reported in accordance with the appropriate standards. The budget is published on the GBD \u2019 s website ( www. gbd. gov. jo ). The final accounts and the monthly General Government Finance Bulletin, which include budgetary government finance statistics aggregated according to the economic and functional classifications ), are also published on the Ministry of Finance \u2019 s website. 31 Jordan: Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability ( PEFA ) Assessment ( 2022 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 320, + 325, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The assessment confirms that Jordan \u2019 s budget systems are adequate for the Program. Implementing agencies use the GFMIS for budget preparation and execution. The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management information system", + "mentioned as a tool for budget preparation and execution", + "implies manual interventions with various IT tools as opposed to direct data extraction" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is explicitly referred to as a financial management information system that is used by implementing agencies for budget preparation and execution. While it may contain data and be utilized in financial operations, it does not serve as a structured dataset in the traditional sense that would be used for research or analysis. The text suggests that it is a system used to facilitate budget processes, rather than a concrete source of organized data. This could be confusing for a model because GFMIS is capitalized and mentioned in a context that suggests it is a source of information, but it lacks the characteristics of a dataset due to its focus on functionality rather than data collection or storage as a standalone entity. The mention of manual interventions with various IT tools further indicates that GFMIS is not solely relied upon for data generation, which aligns it more with a tool or infrastructure than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not treated as a dataset here because it is identified as a financial management information system facilitating budget processes rather than a structured collection of data. It acts more as a tool and system than a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 72, + "text": "for drafting bidding documents; ( 10 ) Coordination and integration of the Program will be done by a central agency, such as MOPIC, for Results Areas involving multiple agencies. Planning and Budgeting 4. The assessment confirms that Jordan \u2019 s budget systems are adequate for the Program. Implementing agencies use the GFMIS for budget preparation and execution. The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used. The GFMIS offers limited functionalities include: ( a ) the presentation of an initial policy-focused budget submission; ( b ) the entering of multiple quarters and multi - year commitments; and ( c ) capturing and populating the outstanding commitments and outstanding invoices for arrears monitoring. As a result, arrears have continued to be a problem. Jordan \u2019 s budgetary central government budget classification meets Government Financial Statistics / Classification of the Functions of Government standards. 31 These classifications are included in the current chart of accounts, allowing for all transactions to be reported in accordance with the appropriate standards. The budget is published on the GBD \u2019 s website ( www. gbd. gov. jo ). The final accounts and the monthly General Government Finance Bulletin, which include budgetary government finance statistics aggregated according to the economic and functional classifications ), are also published on the Ministry of Finance \u2019 s website. 31 Jordan: Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability ( PEFA ) Assessment ( 2022 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 368, + 373, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Implementing agencies use the GFMIS for budget preparation and execution. The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used. The GFMIS offers limited functionalities include: ( a ) the presentation of an initial policy-focused budget submission; ( b ) the entering of multiple quarters and multi - year commitments; and ( c ) capturing and populating the outstanding commitments and outstanding invoices for arrears monitoring.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management information system", + "mentioned as a tool for budget preparation and execution", + "not described as containing primary records or structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is clearly identified as a financial management information system used for specific functions related to budget management. There are phrases indicating its use primarily as a tool, such as 'fully utilized for budget execution,' which indicates it facilitates the processes rather than serving as a primary source of analytical data. The description of its limited functionalities focuses on operational aspects rather than data collection or analysis, and therefore it does not qualify as a dataset. Moreover, the model might have been confused by the capitalized nature of 'GFMIS' and the phrasing that appears to imply it holds data (e.g., 'capturing and populating outstanding commitments'), leading to a misunderstanding that it functions as a dataset when it is actually a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is a financial management information system and functions primarily as a tool for budget management, not as a structured dataset for research or analysis. It is identified as an operational system rather than a data repository." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 72, + "text": "for drafting bidding documents; ( 10 ) Coordination and integration of the Program will be done by a central agency, such as MOPIC, for Results Areas involving multiple agencies. Planning and Budgeting 4. The assessment confirms that Jordan \u2019 s budget systems are adequate for the Program. Implementing agencies use the GFMIS for budget preparation and execution. The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used. The GFMIS offers limited functionalities include: ( a ) the presentation of an initial policy-focused budget submission; ( b ) the entering of multiple quarters and multi - year commitments; and ( c ) capturing and populating the outstanding commitments and outstanding invoices for arrears monitoring. As a result, arrears have continued to be a problem. Jordan \u2019 s budgetary central government budget classification meets Government Financial Statistics / Classification of the Functions of Government standards. 31 These classifications are included in the current chart of accounts, allowing for all transactions to be reported in accordance with the appropriate standards. The budget is published on the GBD \u2019 s website ( www. gbd. gov. jo ). The final accounts and the monthly General Government Finance Bulletin, which include budgetary government finance statistics aggregated according to the economic and functional classifications ), are also published on the Ministry of Finance \u2019 s website. 31 Jordan: Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability ( PEFA ) Assessment ( 2022 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 520, + 525, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution, but not for budget preparation, given that manual interventions with various IT tools are being used. The GFMIS offers limited functionalities include: ( a ) the presentation of an initial policy-focused budget submission; ( b ) the entering of multiple quarters and multi - year commitments; and ( c ) capturing and populating the outstanding commitments and outstanding invoices for arrears monitoring. As a result, arrears have continued to be a problem.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management information system", + "not mentioned as a data source", + "indicates limited functionalities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'GFMIS' is referenced in the context of a financial management information system. The text discusses its functionalities related to budget execution and preparation, indicating that it serves a particular operational role. Although it supports the handling of financial data, it does not describe GFMIS as a dataset or source of data for analysis. It lacks the attributes typical of actual datasets, such as being referenced directly for data or being listed alongside explicit data sources. The emphasis is on its role in supporting budget management rather than acting as a data repository. This distinction is essential: while GFMIS stores and processes data, it is not singled out in the text as a dataset used for analytical purposes. A model might have been confused by its capitalization and the mention of functionalities, which could mirror typical dataset characteristics. However, the context clearly frames it as a system, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not a dataset in this context as it is explicitly referred to as a financial management information system, focusing on its operational role rather than as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "009_BOSIB-70f97ae8-b741-401c-82cc-e87615cc5487", + "page": 89, + "text": "DLI 9 on interactive statistics Jordan MDTF funded BE and RE Technical Assistance to the Department of Statistics. Technical assistance and capacity building to support digitalization, data harmonization and the establishment of the National Data Repository. DLI 10 on institutionalizing effective health data use US-Center for Disease Control ( CDC ) ( on public health surveillance ). Advisory services by a qualified technical institution to help design the Health Data Quality Assurance ( HDQA ) and identify a suitable firm to support the government in carrying out the HDQA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 233, + 257, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLI 9 on interactive statistics Jordan MDTF funded BE and RE Technical Assistance to the Department of Statistics. Technical assistance and capacity building to support digitalization, data harmonization and the establishment of the National Data Repository. DLI 10 on institutionalizing effective health data use US-Center for Disease Control ( CDC ) ( on public health surveillance ).", + "type": "repository", + "explanation": "The National Data Repository is a structured collection of data intended for research and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the establishment of the National Data Repository", + "mentioned in the context of system development and capacity building", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source but rather as an initiative" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National Data Repository' appears more as an initiative or project focused on establishing a system for data collection rather than a standalone dataset. The language used \u2014 'establishment of the National Data Repository' \u2014 indicates that it is in the process of being created or implemented, which implies it is more of a management infrastructure aimed at organizing data rather than a definitive, concrete dataset. The context also does not provide direct evidence that it contains specific datasets or that it is currently operational as a source of data for analysis. A model might have confused this term because it has a formal name that gives the impression of being a defined data set and it is suggested that it harmonizes and digitalizes data, which fits the criteria for data collection but not necessarily as a dataset in its own right. The term was extracted in a way that misinterpreted its role as that of a data source rather than an infrastructure for data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Data Repository' is better seen as a project or system under development rather than an actual dataset, as it focuses on establishing infrastructure for future data collection and is not referenced as an existing data source." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 14, + "text": "Sectoral and Institutional Context * 1 Kenya Economic Update, June 2023 2 World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal 3 World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal - Kenya. https: / / climateknowledgeportal. worldbank. org / country / kenya / vulnerability 4 United Nations Environment Program: \u201c Climate change could spark floods in world \u2019 s largest desert lake: new study \u201d, 2021. 5 World Bank data. Prevalence of food insecurity in the population \u2013 KenyaError! Hyperlink reference not valid. 6 Kenya: IPC Acute Food Insecurity and Acute Malnutrition Analysis ( July - December 2022 ) 7 For a detailed map see: https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / ken 8 UNHCR Statistics package. Kenya registered refugees and asylum seekers ( 31 July 2023 ) 9 The Shirika Plan is a Government of Kenya socioeconomic development plan outlining the transition from refugee encampment to integrated settlements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 86, + 117, + "named" + ], + [ + 39, + 44, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 67, + 71, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 74, + 84, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 120, + 130, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 165, + 170, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 377, + 381, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 385, + 395, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 691, + 696, + "Climate Change Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sectoral and Institutional Context * 1 Kenya Economic Update, June 2023 2 World Bank, Climate Change Knowledge Portal 3 World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal - Kenya. https: / / climateknowledgeportal.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Climate Change Knowledge Portal is a structured collection of data related to climate change, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project or tool, not as a direct data source", + "enumerated with the World Bank alongside another project citation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Climate Change Knowledge Portal' likely behaves more as a platform or a project that houses data rather than an actual dataset in this context. The text identifies it alongside citations without explicitly stating that data was derived from it, which indicates a less direct relationship with data analysis than would be expected from a clear dataset mention. Furthermore, while the phrase might suggest that it is a repository of information, the presence of 'World Bank' shines a light on its role as an information system rather than a singular dataset. It does not explicitly describe the portal itself as a dataset, focusing instead on its role within the context of climate knowledge. Thus, a model might have been confused due to the capitalization and formal nature of the title, combined with its enumeration with other sources which could imply a dataset expectation without clearly confirming it.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Climate Change Knowledge Portal' should not be treated as a dataset, as it functions more as a project or information system rather than a standalone source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 15, + "text": "Garissa and Turkana counties record the lowest percentages of women receiving at least 4 ANC visits ( 31. 2 percent ) in 2022 and deliveries by a skilled provider ( 52. 6 percent ) respectively. 13 In the refugee camps, most health services are provided by UNHCR and non-governmental organizations in collaboration with the Government. The overcrowded conditions, clean water supply shortages and hygiene challenges present heightened risks of communicable disease outbreaks such as cholera. Other recent outbreaks in the refugee camps include polio, dengue fever, and chikungunya. Refugees and host communities have also been affected by prolonged drought in the region and the food security of refugees has been further affected by cuts in the general food assistance. From 2020 to July 2022, there has been a steady and significant increase in malnutrition cases across all refugee camps, with children under 5 years being particularly affected by malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. 14 6. The devolution of health service delivery in 2013 has presented mixed results. Decentralization of responsibility for public sector health service delivery to the 47 county Governments has been accompanied by a 34. 0 percent increase in the number of facilities, a 46. 0 percent improvement in public health worker density between 2014 and 2020, and many counties have equipped their health facilities to respond to the evolving health needs. County Governments are also exploring approaches to strengthen primary care service delivery through governance and financial management reforms, such as the Facility Improvement Fund. However, county Governments have faced significant challenges in management of human resources for health, ensuring availability of Health Products and Technologies ( HPTs ), improving quality of care, 10 World Bank Estimates: https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / SP. DYN. LE00. IN? locations = KE 11 Kenya Demographic Health Survey, 2022. Key Indicators Report 12 Ministry of Health Kenya ( 2020 ) Kenya Progress Report on Health and Health-Related SDGs. 13 Kenya Demographic Health Survey, 2022 14 UNHCR & WFP, Joint Assessment Mission Kenya-Refugee Operations ( 2022 )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1940, + 1971, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 7, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 12, + 28, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 121, + 125, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 789, + 793, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 897, + 919, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1973, + 1977, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2131, + 2135, + "Kenya Demographic Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "IN? locations = KE 11 Kenya Demographic Health Survey, 2022. Key Indicators Report 12 Ministry of Health Kenya ( 2020 ) Kenya Progress Report on Health and Health-Related SDGs.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Kenya Demographic Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Key Indicators Report'", + "specific report year indicates an actual dataset", + "described in the context of health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Kenya Demographic Health Survey' is often associated with a comprehensive data collection effort aimed at health metrics in Kenya. In this text, it is presented alongside a specific report which typically indicates an actual dataset, as opposed to just being a project or management information system. The phrase 'Key Indicators Report' also suggests that it contains structured data relevant to the analysis. While there could be potential confusion about it being a project or a system given its formal name, the context clearly aligns it with a specific instance of data collection that researchers rely on for health-related statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Kenya Demographic Health Survey' functions as a dataset indicating a specific source of health-related data for Kenya, supported by its association with a focused report and the nature of the indicators it represents." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 18, + "text": "The Directorate of HPTs, MoH will work closely with KEMSA to ensure maximum efficiency in implementation of this sub-component. 16. Sub-component 1. 2: Health financing and quality of care reforms ( US $ 15 million ): This sub-component will support the recently introduced Government UHC reforms, including but not limited to the transition from the NHIF to the Social Health Authority ( SHA ). Areas of support include development of regulations and implementation roadmaps, design and rationalization of a benefit package, developing a framework for review of the benefit package including strengthening capacity for the health technology assessment, design of business processes and claims processing, stakeholder engagement among others. Additionally, the project will support the MoH to establish / strengthen regulatory bodies and operationalize quality of care reforms for improved strategic purchasing. 17. Sub-component 1. 3: Improve availability and use of quality data for decision making ( US $ 10 million ): This sub - component will support the Government to improve generation and use of strategic information for decision making, specifically through conducting relevant cross-sectional surveys including, but not limited to, the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases ( NCD ) risk factor surveillance ( STEPS ) survey, and the Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey. Climate sensitive planning for surveys will be used and questions on climate and health impacts will be included in the survey to generate relevant data to inform decision making. Support will also be provided towards dissemination of findings to the lowest level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1247, + 1347, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sub-component 1. 3: Improve availability and use of quality data for decision making ( US $ 10 million ): This sub - component will support the Government to improve generation and use of strategic information for decision making, specifically through conducting relevant cross-sectional surveys including, but not limited to, the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases ( NCD ) risk factor surveillance ( STEPS ) survey, and the Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey. Climate sensitive planning for surveys will be used and questions on climate and health impacts will be included in the survey to generate relevant data to inform decision making.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey is a structured collection of data used for health research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a survey to collect data", + "enumerated alongside other surveys", + "not explicitly described as a data source", + "described as a methodology for generating data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases (NCD) risk factor surveillance (STEPS) survey' refers to a methodological framework for conducting surveys specifically designed to collect data related to non-communicable diseases. While the term may initially seem like a dataset due to its structured nature and purpose of data generation, the text describes it in relation to conducting surveys and supporting data generation, rather than referring to a specific dataset containing records. This distinction is crucial \u2014 it suggests that the STEP survey acts more as a systematic approach to gathering information rather than a standalone dataset. The extraction model might have been confused because it follows language that implies data collection and structured inquiry, prompting a misinterpretation as a dataset mention. There's a critical difference between a framework for collecting data and the actual compiled and processed data that results from that framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a methodology for conducting health surveys and data generation, rather than a concrete, standalone dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 18, + "text": "The Directorate of HPTs, MoH will work closely with KEMSA to ensure maximum efficiency in implementation of this sub-component. 16. Sub-component 1. 2: Health financing and quality of care reforms ( US $ 15 million ): This sub-component will support the recently introduced Government UHC reforms, including but not limited to the transition from the NHIF to the Social Health Authority ( SHA ). Areas of support include development of regulations and implementation roadmaps, design and rationalization of a benefit package, developing a framework for review of the benefit package including strengthening capacity for the health technology assessment, design of business processes and claims processing, stakeholder engagement among others. Additionally, the project will support the MoH to establish / strengthen regulatory bodies and operationalize quality of care reforms for improved strategic purchasing. 17. Sub-component 1. 3: Improve availability and use of quality data for decision making ( US $ 10 million ): This sub - component will support the Government to improve generation and use of strategic information for decision making, specifically through conducting relevant cross-sectional surveys including, but not limited to, the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases ( NCD ) risk factor surveillance ( STEPS ) survey, and the Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey. Climate sensitive planning for surveys will be used and questions on climate and health impacts will be included in the survey to generate relevant data to inform decision making. Support will also be provided towards dissemination of findings to the lowest level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1357, + 1408, + "named" + ], + [ + 1188, + 1211, + "Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 1466, + 1505, + "Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sub-component 1. 3: Improve availability and use of quality data for decision making ( US $ 10 million ): This sub - component will support the Government to improve generation and use of strategic information for decision making, specifically through conducting relevant cross-sectional surveys including, but not limited to, the WHO STEPwise approach to non-communicable diseases ( NCD ) risk factor surveillance ( STEPS ) survey, and the Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey. Climate sensitive planning for surveys will be used and questions on climate and health impacts will be included in the survey to generate relevant data to inform decision making.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey aimed at understanding health expenditure and utilization, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a survey generating data", + "follows a description on improving data availability for decision making" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey' is clearly linked to a structured collection of data that is being generated through a specific survey methodology. It is mentioned along with another clear survey (the WHO STEPwise approach to NCD risk factor surveillance) in a context that emphasizes improving the generation and use of strategic information for decision-making. This indicates that it is not just a project name or system, but is being utilized specifically to garner data that will serve analytical purposes. The previous judgment rightly identified this as a dataset because it can be understood as producing data that is used for analysis rather than simply functioning as an infrastructural tool or platform. However, a model may get confused here if it mistook it for a project based solely on the format or if it considered it independent from the data it generates. Ultimately, the driving factor is that this survey is meant to produce tangible datasets on household health expenditures and utilization, which aligns with the dataset criteria.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "It is considered a dataset in this context because it directly refers to a survey designed to collect specific health data for decision-making, explicitly framing it as a source of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 23, + "text": "The M & E approach for the project is aligned with the Government \u2019 s procedures and data sources and will contribute to improved data quality. All project indicators ( a ) are a subset of the health sector \u2019 s performance indicators available in various data sources including the Kenya Health Information System ( KHIS ); and ( b ) will be collected routinely through project reports. The project will support county health sector annual performance data review meetings as well as availability of key surveys under Component 1. Where relevant, at project closure, data from household and facility surveys will be used to complement routine data to measure project achievement of the PDO. C. Sustainability 33. The project will support priority interventions outlined in the national health strategies to ensure sustainability. The project will build on existing national systems and structures for implementation and fiduciary arrangements. The Government remains committed to improving delivery of primary healthcare services to advance progress towards UHC, and key project activities are aligned with these objectives. The project implementation entities will be drawn from existing Government structures which will ensure continuity of the expected results beyond the project period. In addition,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 282, + 313, + "named" + ], + [ + 148, + 166, + "Kenya Health Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 316, + 320, + "Kenya Health Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 577, + 607, + "Kenya Health Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1356, + 1374, + "Kenya Health Information System <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The M & E approach for the project is aligned with the Government \u2019 s procedures and data sources and will contribute to improved data quality. All project indicators ( a ) are a subset of the health sector \u2019 s performance indicators available in various data sources including the Kenya Health Information System ( KHIS ); and ( b ) will be collected routinely through project reports. The project will support county health sector annual performance data review meetings as well as availability of key surveys under Component 1.", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "The Kenya Health Information System is a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation in the health sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source but in the context of various data sources", + "identified as a part of the health sector's performance indicators", + "not explicitly described as an independent dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Kenya Health Information System' is referenced as one of various data sources contributing to the project's indicators. While it indeed contains structured health data, the language indicates that it operates more as part of the larger health infrastructure rather than being an independent dataset itself. The phrase 'available in various data sources' and its role in providing performance indicators suggests it functions more like a management information system (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset used for analysis. The model may have misidentified it as a dataset because it matches certain indicators like being capitalized and having structure, but the context indicates it is part of an overall system supporting data collection rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Kenya Health Information System is not considered a standalone dataset in this context as it is described more as a part of the broader health sector infrastructure and not independently isolated for data analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 30 of 43 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Outcome 1: Improve utilization of quality primary health care services Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine Health Management Information System ( HMIS ) data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in the 10 selected counties ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women, in the 10 selected counties, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births, in the 10 selected counties, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of host community women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 569, + 605, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 88, + "Health Management Information System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 608, + 612, + "Health Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1166, + 1186, + "Health Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1243, + 1250, + "Health Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1323, + 1330, + "Health Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1342, + "Health Management Information System <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 30 of 43 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Outcome 1: Improve utilization of quality primary health care services Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine Health Management Information System ( HMIS ) data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in the 10 selected counties ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women, in the 10 selected counties, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births, in the 10 selected counties, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of host community women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours.", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "The Health Management Information System (HMIS) is a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not explicitly identified as a dataset", + "uses data from KHIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Health Management Information System' (HMIS) does not appear to refer to a dataset itself but rather to an overarching system that collects and organizes health data. The key phrases around it indicate that it is used for 'data collection' rather than being a distinct dataset that can be analyzed. The clarification in the surrounding context specifies that the data source is more related to the KHIS system (Kenya Health Information System). Even though HMIS might contain structured health records or be a system capable of storing data, it is functioning here as a tool or infrastructure rather than a dataset. The model may have confused the term as a dataset due to its capitalized form, its role in data collection, and because it follows phrasing typical of dataset mentions, like 'data source.' However, without explicit labeling or more definitive enumeration as a dataset, it should be viewed in the context of an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Health Management Information System in this context refers to a system for data collection, not a specific dataset. It functions as infrastructure rather than a distinct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 30 of 43 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Outcome 1: Improve utilization of quality primary health care services Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine Health Management Information System ( HMIS ) data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in the 10 selected counties ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women, in the 10 selected counties, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births, in the 10 selected counties, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of host community women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1092, + 1096, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 88, + "HMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1166, + 1186, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1231, + 1238, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1243, + 1250, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1323, + 1330, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1342, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine Health Management Information System ( HMIS ) data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in the 10 selected counties ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of women, in the 10 selected counties, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births, in the 10 selected counties, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of host community women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours.", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'HMIS' refers to the Routine Health Management Information System, which serves as an infrastructure for data collection rather than being a dataset itself. It specifically indicates a system employed to gather health-related data. The phrase 'Methodology for Data Collection Routine Health Management Information System (HMIS) data collection' suggests that HMIS acts more as a tool or framework for systematic data gathering rather than being an instance of structured data meant for direct analysis. The previous mention of 'KHIS' alongside HMIS may have led to this extraction being flagged as a dataset since both are presented in a similar format. However, the main distinction lies in the explicit designation of 'HMIS' as a 'management information system,' which reinforces its role as a framework rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is not treated as a dataset but as a management information system that facilitates data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 35, + "text": "Denominator: Total number of expected live births within the host commnunity of Garissa and Turkana, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of refugee women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of refugee women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births within the refugee community in Garissa and Turkana, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of children immunized with three doses of Pentavalent vaccine ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of children under 1 year who have received three doses of the Pentavalent vaccine Denominator: Total number of surviving children under 1 year Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data MoH", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 213, + 217, + "named" + ], + [ + 80, + 87, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 92, + 99, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 345, + 352, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 357, + 364, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 442, + 449, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 602, + 609, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Denominator: Total number of expected live births within the host commnunity of Garissa and Turkana, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of refugee women receiving postnatal care within 48 hours in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of refugee women in Garissa and Turkana, receiving postnatal care after delivery within 48 hours. Denominator: Total number of expected live births within the refugee community in Garissa and Turkana, during the reporting period Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of children immunized with three doses of Pentavalent vaccine ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of children under 1 year who have received three doses of the Pentavalent vaccine Denominator: Total number of surviving children under 1 year Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data MoH", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and analysis in health management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a data collection methodology", + "not used as a direct source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is described as a 'management information system' specifically involved in data collection methodology. It does not appear to be treated as a concrete dataset, but rather as the umbrella system that facilitates the collection and organization of health data. The text emphasizes processes (data collection, responsibility) rather than presenting HMIS as a standalone dataset. While a model might mistake it for a dataset due to its structured nature and mention following phrases like 'data source', it is important to recognize that it refers to an infrastructure for managing health information rather than being a tangible set of data. This confusion can arise because systems that manage data often functionally serve as sources, but they should be distinguished in analytic context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' is identified as a management information system facilitating data collection rather than an independent dataset used for empirical analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 36, + "text": "Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of pregnant women within the host cummunity of Garissa and Turkana attending 4 or more ANC visits. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period within the host community of Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of refugee pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of refugee pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period within the refugee community of Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Proportion of Children Under 5 with diarrhea treated with Zinc / ORS Co-Pack ( Percentage )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 84, + 88, + "named" + ], + [ + 222, + 229, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 234, + 241, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 740, + 747, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of host community pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of pregnant women within the host cummunity of Garissa and Turkana attending 4 or more ANC visits. Denominator: Total number of expected live births during the reporting period within the host community of Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Percentage of refugee pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits in Garissa and Turkana ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of refugee pregnant women attending 4 or more ANC visits.", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' refers to a Health Management Information System that specifically relates to data collection for health monitoring. While it might superficially appear as a dataset because it is involved in the data collection process, it is technically a system that supports this function, rather than a clear dataset itself. The text refers to 'HMIS data collection', emphasizing that HMIS aids in the methodology for gathering health data\u2014it doesn't present as a standalone dataset. Therefore, while it seems like it could be treated as a dataset due to its role, it is fundamentally a system that captures, manages, and processes data, rather than a defined dataset of quantitative information. The prior judgment likely conflated the system's functionality (data collection) with the dataset concept, which led to confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this occurrence, HMIS is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that facilitates data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 38, + "text": "Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection KEMSA, MoH People who have received essential health, nutrition, and population ( HNP ) services ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel and total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel ( Number ) CRI", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 452, + 456, + "named" + ], + [ + 264, + 327, + "HMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection KEMSA, MoH People who have received essential health, nutrition, and population ( HNP ) services ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel and total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel ( Number ) CRI", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and analysis of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "enumerated alongside known data sources but not treated as a primary data source", + "mentioned only as a project/system, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is referenced in a manner that reflects its role as a management information system (MIS) for health data collection rather than as a standalone dataset. The text does not provide explicit evidence that HMIS serves as a concrete data source for the analysis; rather, it details responsibility for data collection and implies its function within a system. The terms surrounding HMIS suggest it facilitates data management rather than being the data itself. Furthermore, even though it appears next to other data sources like KHIS, it lacks independent treatment as a dataset and is noticeably positioned as part of a methodology and monitoring framework. This could lead to model confusion, as systems storing data often have names that are capitalized and sound concrete, suggesting a dataset when it\u2019s actually an overarching system process that handles various data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, HMIS is treated more as a management information system rather than a dataset itself. It supports data collection and monitoring rather than serving as the core data repository for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 38, + "text": "Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection KEMSA, MoH People who have received essential health, nutrition, and population ( HNP ) services ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel and total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel ( Number ) CRI", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 688, + 692, + "named" + ], + [ + 264, + 327, + "HMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized ( Number ) CRI Description Total number of children immunized. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel ( Number ) CRI", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and analysis of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in the context of methodology for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' refers specifically to a Health Management Information System rather than a dataset. The highlighted term appears in a section that discusses data collection methodology and is alongside phrases mentioning responsibility for data collection. This suggests that 'HMIS' functions more as a system that gathers and stores health data, rather than being the actual data itself. The potential confusion arises because while 'HMIS' is critical for data monitoring and analysis, it is ultimately the mechanism through which data is collected rather than an actual dataset containing fixed records. The model might have marked it as a dataset because it is mentioned in the data source context, but the lack of specificity about actual data being derived from 'HMIS' leads to a conclusion that it should not be categorized as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HMIS is a management information system for health data collection and not a dataset itself in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 39, + "text": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 34 of 43 Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of community enrolled health nurses trained in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of community enrolled health nurses trained in Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of refugee health facilities supported under the project, as part of the transition to county management, in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of refugee health facilities supported under the project, as part of the transition to county management, in Garissa and Turkana ( registration in the master facility list, provision of non-program HPTs from KEMSA, staffing ). Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection MoH People in Garissa and Turkana who have received essential health, nutrition, and population ( HNP ) services ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel and total number of children immunized among the host community and refugees in Garissa and Turkana.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 263, + 267, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 88, + "HMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 377, + 384, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 389, + 396, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 480, + 487, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 492, + 499, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 760, + 767, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 772, + 779, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 925, + 932, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 937, + 944, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 34 of 43 Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of community enrolled health nurses trained in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of community enrolled health nurses trained in Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of refugee health facilities supported under the project, as part of the transition to county management, in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of refugee health facilities supported under the project, as part of the transition to county management, in Garissa and Turkana ( registration in the master facility list, provision of non-program HPTs from KEMSA, staffing ). Frequency Every six months Data source Project report Methodology for Data Collection Project monitoring Responsibility for Data Collection MoH People in Garissa and Turkana who have received essential health, nutrition, and population ( HNP ) services ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel and total number of children immunized among the host community and refugees in Garissa and Turkana.", + "type": "health information management system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation in health systems.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as 'HMIS data collection'", + "mentioned as a management information system storing health data", + "does not specify that it is providing data directly for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, HMIS is clearly referenced as a system ('HMIS data collection') rather than directly as a dataset. The model could easily conflate terms like 'HMIS' with potential dataset indicators because it may appear to follow phrasing typical of dataset citations (like 'data from...'). However, the emphasis on 'data collection' suggests that HMIS functions more as an infrastructure or a mechanism for collecting and managing health data, rather than as a discrete dataset that is being analyzed. The context does not indicate that HMIS provides structured records specifically for this analysis, but rather supports the overall health data framework. Hence, it's more appropriate to treat it as an operational system rather than as a direct source of data records for evaluation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, HMIS is best understood as a management information system for health data collection rather than a specific dataset. It is discussed in a way that emphasizes its role in data gathering rather than providing a set of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 39, + "text": "Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized among the host community in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of children immunized among the host community in Garissa and Turkana. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized among refugees in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of children immunized among refugees in Garissa and Turkana. Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 84, + 88, + "named" + ], + [ + 201, + 208, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 213, + 220, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized among the host community in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of children immunized among the host community in Garissa and Turkana. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of children immunized among refugees in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of children immunized among refugees in Garissa and Turkana.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a Health Management Information System, which is a structured collection of health data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Health Management Information System", + "mentioned as a source for data collection", + "not clearly presented as a concrete data source in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' stands for Health Management Information System, which is fundamentally an infrastructure used for data collection and management. The text mentions 'Routine HMIS data collection', indicating that HMIS serves as a system through which data is collected rather than presenting itself as a dataset containing structured records ready for analysis. The previous judgment classifying it as a dataset likely stemmed from potential confusion between the system's role in collecting data and the identification of datasets. It appears close to phrases suggesting data use, which might lead to the assumption that HMIS itself is the dataset. However, it functions fundamentally as a management tool, not the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, HMIS is seen as an infrastructure for data collection rather than an identifiable dataset, thus it is classified as not being a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 35 of 43 Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the host community in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the host community in Garissa and Turkana. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among refugees in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the refugees in Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection PMT Project management and evaluation Percentage of complaints in the GRM satisfactorily addressed within 4 weeks of initial complaint being recorded ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of complaints to the GRM satisfactorily addressed within 4 weeks of initial complaint being recorded. Denominator: Total number of recorded complaints to the GRM.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 429, + 433, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 88, + "HMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 189, + 196, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 201, + 208, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 336, + 343, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 553, + 561, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 565, + 572, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 577, + 584, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Building Resilient and Responsive Health Systems ( P179698 ) Feb 21, 2024 Page 35 of 43 Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the host community in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the host community in Garissa and Turkana. Frequency Every six months Data source KHIS Methodology for Data Collection Routine HMIS data collection Responsibility for Data Collection MoH Number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among refugees in Garissa and Turkana ( Number ) Description Total number of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel among the refugees in Garissa and Turkana Frequency Every six months Data source UNHCR reports Methodology for Data Collection Routine UNHCR data collection Responsibility for Data Collection PMT Project management and evaluation Percentage of complaints in the GRM satisfactorily addressed within 4 weeks of initial complaint being recorded ( Percentage ) Description Numerator: Number of complaints to the GRM satisfactorily addressed within 4 weeks of initial complaint being recorded. Denominator: Total number of recorded complaints to the GRM.", + "type": "health information management system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a health management information system", + "mentioned as methodology for data collection", + "not explicitly described as a dataset but as a data source", + "the context refers to data collection practices rather than direct data use" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon reviewing the full context, 'HMIS' is referenced as a health management information system involved in routine data collection, rather than a specific dataset itself. The context mentions it as part of a methodology for data collection, which implies that it is an infrastructure for managing data rather than the actual data being analyzed. The term is capitalized and appears to be a proper name, which might have led the model to interpret it as a dataset. However, it does not fulfill the criteria of being explicitly described as a dataset or primary data source. Thus, I conclude that 'HMIS' in this instance should not be treated as a dataset, but as a system that collects and organizes health data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is more accurately described as a management information system used for data collection rather than a concrete dataset being utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "010_BOSIB1554c314c0a2187c019d7e85bc2a91", + "page": 45, + "text": "In the aftermath of heavy rains during March-May 2018, flooding across the country led to a major increase in cholera outbreaks of 5, 470 cases and 78 deaths in 19 counties with over 700 cases in Turkana and Garissa Counties. 32 33 Floods, storms, landslides, and extreme heat threaten the functioning of health infrastructure and hinder health service delivery and access especially in flood prone Coastal regions, Tana River region, the Lake Victoria Basin, and rural remote areas of the country. 29 Kenya: IPC Acute Food Insecurity and Acute Malnutrition Analysis ( July 2023 - January 2024 ) 30 https: / / www. cdc. gov / malaria / malaria_worldwide / cdc_activities / kenya. html 31 Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey, 2020. 32 Kenya Humanitarian Situation Report. 31 December 2018. 33 MSF responds to cholera outbreak amid heavy rains and flooding. Project update. 18 May 2018.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 688, + 718, + "named" + ], + [ + 502, + 507, + "Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "gov / malaria / malaria_worldwide / cdc_activities / kenya. html 31 Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey, 2020. 32 Kenya Humanitarian Situation Report.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to malaria in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "explicitly named as 'Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey' in the context of data collection", + "year mentioned suggests it\u2019s an event or survey providing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey' is not only named explicitly but is also contextualized within a focused discussion on health-related activities, where it follows other references to data sources (like the 'Kenya Humanitarian Situation Report'). The phrasing suggests it is a structured survey aimed at capturing specific data around malaria in Kenya, which is typical of datasets used in health research. A model might have been confused due to the formal naming, as it resembles a project; however, the mention of a specific year and its context as a survey points more towards it being a dataset rather than just a project title. This survey represents a collection of data, unlike a management information system that may operate primarily as a tool or repository without dedicated analysis results or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Kenya Malaria Indicator Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its specific function as a structured data collection related to malaria, supported by explicit references to it alongside other data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 12, + "text": "South Sudan \u2019 s GDP is estimated to have contracted by 0. 4 percent in FY 2022 / 23, 1 weighed down by a fourth consecutive year of flooding, lingering impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, violence flareups, and higher food inflation due to global crises. 3 The 2022 Household Budget Survey estimates that poverty levels in South Sudan remain persistently high \u2013 at around 80 percent of the population, with 6 in 10 South Sudanese living in extreme poverty ( below the food poverty line ). Nearly 80 percent of South Sudan \u2019 s population lives in rural areas where infrastructure is limited, complicating service delivery, particularly during the rainy season. 3. South Sudan has the highest level of vulnerability and lowest level of climate adaptation capacity globally, based on the European Union \u2019 s 2022 INFORM Risk Index. 2 South Sudan, composed entirely of river basins, ranks as the seventh most vulnerable country to riverine flood in the world in an average year. 3 Between 2019 and 2022, the flooding reached record levels with climate change affecting weather patterns, destroying already scarce infrastructure, displacing populations, and decreasing movement throughout the country. It is estimated that 1 million people were affected by flooding and 300, 000 people were displaced in 2021. South Sudan also experiences an intense annual hot season and cyclical drought.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 259, + 287, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4 percent in FY 2022 / 23, 1 weighed down by a fourth consecutive year of flooding, lingering impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, violence flareups, and higher food inflation due to global crises. 3 The 2022 Household Budget Survey estimates that poverty levels in South Sudan remain persistently high \u2013 at around 80 percent of the population, with 6 in 10 South Sudanese living in extreme poverty ( below the food poverty line ). Nearly 80 percent of South Sudan \u2019 s population lives in rural areas where infrastructure is limited, complicating service delivery, particularly during the rainy season.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2022 Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to estimate poverty levels in South Sudan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an estimate of poverty levels", + "provides structured data on household budgets", + "explicitly mentioned in context as a survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2022 Household Budget Survey' is used explicitly to provide estimates about poverty levels in South Sudan, indicating it operates as a concrete source of structured data rather than just a project name or system. The phrase 'The 2022 Household Budget Survey estimates...' demonstrates its role as a dataset, gathering and presenting information for analysis. Although it could be confused with a project or system, the specific phrasing clearly shows it as a tool delivering data. A model might mistakenly classify it as merely a project or system due to the wording, but the function and context suggest it's being treated as an actual dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2022 Household Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly provides estimates based on collected data, demonstrating its role in delivering structured data related to poverty in South Sudan." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "The subcomponent will also support strengthened supervision, management, and on-the-job coaching for IPs and service providers through an integrated supervisory approach in which IPs develop CHD capacity, inclusive of health service delivery planning, supervision, and data entry into District Health Information Software 2 ( DHIS2 ). The subcomponent will include planning and execution of outreach ( village visits, mass campaigns, and so on ) and transportation ( vehicle, boat, and foot ) modalities paying close attention to seasonal population movement patterns and access. Climate sensitive health service delivery and planning will be integral to the approach under this subcomponent. 30. Subcomponent 1. 1 will channel resources through UNICEF to sub-contract national and international NGOs for health service delivery and coordination. 29 In collaboration and through the leadership of the MoH, SMoHs, and CHDs, UNICEF will be responsible for ( a ) oversight and coordination of health services and DHIS2 data collection and entry systems; ( b ) supervision and quality assurance of IPs and health facilities in line with national plans and guidelines; ( c ) coordinating and conducting in-service training; ( d ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of SMoHs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( e ) integrated pharmaceutical procurement, quantification, and forecasting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 285, + 323, + "named" + ], + [ + 746, + 752, + "District Health Information Software 2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 923, + 929, + "District Health Information Software 2 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will also support strengthened supervision, management, and on-the-job coaching for IPs and service providers through an integrated supervisory approach in which IPs develop CHD capacity, inclusive of health service delivery planning, supervision, and data entry into District Health Information Software 2 ( DHIS2 ). The subcomponent will include planning and execution of outreach ( village visits, mass campaigns, and so on ) and transportation ( vehicle, boat, and foot ) modalities paying close attention to seasonal population movement patterns and access.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a database system used for collecting and managing health data, making it a structured collection of data for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data entry", + "described as a software used for health data management", + "not presented as a standalone source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'District Health Information Software 2' (DHIS2) is referenced primarily as a tool used for data entry and managing health data rather than an isolated dataset. Although it is integral to collecting and storing data, it does not, in this instance, serve as the primary or final data source that analysis was conducted upon. The text highlights its functional role in supporting health services rather than presenting specific datasets derived from it. This ambiguity may lead a model to misidentify DHIS2 as a dataset due to the structured nature of health data it handles, especially under phrases that imply data usage, but it lacks the definitive trait of being an analyzed dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, DHIS2 is not seen as a dataset but rather a management system that facilitates data entry and organization, so it is not treated as a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "The subcomponent will also support strengthened supervision, management, and on-the-job coaching for IPs and service providers through an integrated supervisory approach in which IPs develop CHD capacity, inclusive of health service delivery planning, supervision, and data entry into District Health Information Software 2 ( DHIS2 ). The subcomponent will include planning and execution of outreach ( village visits, mass campaigns, and so on ) and transportation ( vehicle, boat, and foot ) modalities paying close attention to seasonal population movement patterns and access. Climate sensitive health service delivery and planning will be integral to the approach under this subcomponent. 30. Subcomponent 1. 1 will channel resources through UNICEF to sub-contract national and international NGOs for health service delivery and coordination. 29 In collaboration and through the leadership of the MoH, SMoHs, and CHDs, UNICEF will be responsible for ( a ) oversight and coordination of health services and DHIS2 data collection and entry systems; ( b ) supervision and quality assurance of IPs and health facilities in line with national plans and guidelines; ( c ) coordinating and conducting in-service training; ( d ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of SMoHs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( e ) integrated pharmaceutical procurement, quantification, and forecasting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1010, + 1015, + "named" + ], + [ + 746, + 752, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 923, + 929, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1094, + 1097, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 will channel resources through UNICEF to sub-contract national and international NGOs for health service delivery and coordination. 29 In collaboration and through the leadership of the MoH, SMoHs, and CHDs, UNICEF will be responsible for ( a ) oversight and coordination of health services and DHIS2 data collection and entry systems; ( b ) supervision and quality assurance of IPs and health facilities in line with national plans and guidelines; ( c ) coordinating and conducting in-service training; ( d ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of SMoHs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( e ) integrated pharmaceutical procurement, quantification, and forecasting.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a database system used for health data collection and management, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data collection and entry system", + "described as a system alongside training and capacity development initiatives", + "referred to in a project context, not as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is emphasized as part of a broader health service delivery infrastructure rather than as a standalone dataset. It is described as a data collection system, indicating that it functions as a tool or platform for gathering and managing health-related information, but does not imply that the term 'DHIS2' directly refers to a structured dataset that can be utilized independently in analysis. The presence of phrases like 'system' and its role within the context of UNICEF\u2019s oversight responsibilities implies that it serves more as infrastructure rather than a dataset in itself. Additionally, the lack of definitive statements indicating the extraction of data directly from 'DHIS2' further supports this interpretation. It appears the model may have been confused due to the capitalization and its potential association with data, interpreting it as a formal dataset without recognizing its role as a system instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is better understood as a data collection system and part of project infrastructure rather than a distinct dataset, as outlined by its role in oversight and coordination of health services rather than being referenced as an independent data source." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "The subcomponent will also support strengthened supervision, management, and on-the-job coaching for IPs and service providers through an integrated supervisory approach in which IPs develop CHD capacity, inclusive of health service delivery planning, supervision, and data entry into District Health Information Software 2 ( DHIS2 ). The subcomponent will include planning and execution of outreach ( village visits, mass campaigns, and so on ) and transportation ( vehicle, boat, and foot ) modalities paying close attention to seasonal population movement patterns and access. Climate sensitive health service delivery and planning will be integral to the approach under this subcomponent. 30. Subcomponent 1. 1 will channel resources through UNICEF to sub-contract national and international NGOs for health service delivery and coordination. 29 In collaboration and through the leadership of the MoH, SMoHs, and CHDs, UNICEF will be responsible for ( a ) oversight and coordination of health services and DHIS2 data collection and entry systems; ( b ) supervision and quality assurance of IPs and health facilities in line with national plans and guidelines; ( c ) coordinating and conducting in-service training; ( d ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of SMoHs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( e ) integrated pharmaceutical procurement, quantification, and forecasting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1347, + 1352, + "named" + ], + [ + 746, + 752, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 923, + 929, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 will channel resources through UNICEF to sub-contract national and international NGOs for health service delivery and coordination. 29 In collaboration and through the leadership of the MoH, SMoHs, and CHDs, UNICEF will be responsible for ( a ) oversight and coordination of health services and DHIS2 data collection and entry systems; ( b ) supervision and quality assurance of IPs and health facilities in line with national plans and guidelines; ( c ) coordinating and conducting in-service training; ( d ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of SMoHs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( e ) integrated pharmaceutical procurement, quantification, and forecasting.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a database used for health data collection and management, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for data collection and entry", + "mentioned alongside health service delivery and coordination", + "not directly referred to as a data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' refers to a data collection and entry system rather than a distinct dataset. The text emphasizes its role in coordinating health services and training, which indicates that it functions more as an infrastructure that supports data operations rather than being a concrete dataset itself. The model may have recognized 'DHIS2' as a named entity that resembles a dataset due to its capitalization and the general understanding that it is involved in health data management. However, definitive signals in the text suggest that it's serving as a tool or framework to facilitate data operations rather than serving as a structured collection of data records in and of itself. The distinction lies in its function as a system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS2' is referenced as a data collection and entry system, emphasizing its role in health service delivery rather than functioning as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31. Subcomponent 1. 2: Boma Health Initiative ( implemented by UNICEF; US $ 12. 41 million: US $ 3. 41 million equivalent IDA [ WHR IDA ] and US $ 9. 0 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 95 million SDTF and US $ 8. 05 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 246, + 251, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "DHIS2 refers to a health information system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned in relation to HMIS data collection", + "context of project and activities rather than data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is presented as a health management information system (HMIS) rather than a concrete dataset or collection of structured records. It is involved in the processes of data recording and data use, but it does so as part of a larger system meant to support health operations, rather than standing alone as a distinct data source. The phrases surrounding 'DHIS2' explicitly discuss responsibilities related to the system itself (like data entry and support) rather than analyzing or extracting data directly from it for research. This distinction is crucial because while 'DHIS2' may contain data, it is functioning as an infrastructure that facilitates data handling rather than serving as a dataset in isolation. The model could have been confused by the mention of data use in connection with 'DHIS2', the capitalized format which gives it a proper name appearance, and its context alongside other project activities, which may lead to the misinterpretation as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS2' is not treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly described as a health information system with roles and responsibilities assigned within a project context, rather than a specific collection of records or statistics intended for direct analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31. Subcomponent 1. 2: Boma Health Initiative ( implemented by UNICEF; US $ 12. 41 million: US $ 3. 41 million equivalent IDA [ WHR IDA ] and US $ 9. 0 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 95 million SDTF and US $ 8. 05 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 262, + 267, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "DHIS2 refers to a health information system, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside health management information system activities", + "referred to as 'the DHIS2 system'", + "used in the context of recording and provisioning data rather than being a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is repeatedly characterized as a system or a platform used for managing health information rather than as a dataset itself. It is associated with activities such as recording, providing, and supporting the entry of data into this system. This suggests that DHIS2 serves as an infrastructure for data management rather than a standalone dataset that could be used directly for analysis. The model may have been confused because the term appears in contexts where data is discussed, potentially misinterpreting it as a dataset due to its capitalization and its role in storing data. However, the frequent references to it being a 'system' rather than a structured collection of records clarify its categorization as more of an operational tool or application rather than a dataset in research terms.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS2 refers to a health management information system and is addressed as a system within the context, making it functionally an infrastructure for data management rather than a specific dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 19, + "text": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31. Subcomponent 1. 2: Boma Health Initiative ( implemented by UNICEF; US $ 12. 41 million: US $ 3. 41 million equivalent IDA [ WHR IDA ] and US $ 9. 0 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 95 million SDTF and US $ 8. 05 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 550, + 555, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Contracted IPs will be responsible for: ( a ) delivering quality health services; ( b ) quality improvement activities; ( c ) supervision of health facilities ( d ) recording of HMIS data, provision of HMIS data to CHDs, and support for entry of DHIS2 data into DHIS2 and data use; ( e ) in-service training complementing UNICEF \u2019 s training activities; ( f ) health facility stock management, recording, and rational use; ( g ) through an integrated approach, developing the capacity of CHDs to plan, supervise, and oversee service delivery and the DHIS2 system; and ( h ) sustain the support of the innovation activities under CERHSSP and expand using the digital health technology to address service delivery and supply chain issues. 31.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "DHIS2 refers to a health information system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "described as part of HMIS data entry", + "not enumerated alongside specific datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' appears primarily as a health information system referenced in the flow of delivering health services and managing health facility data. The phrases surrounding 'DHIS2' indicate its function in supporting data entry and overall health management systems rather than presenting it as a distinct dataset. It is treated more like an infrastructure supporting the management of health data rather than a structured collection of data itself. As a model, the confusion could stem from terms like 'data' being used alongside 'DHIS2', which makes it sound like a dataset, especially when other elements of the sentence suggest data-related activities. However, explicit descriptions of DHIS2 as a system rather than a data collection clarify its role in the broader context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, DHIS2 is not a dataset but an information system that aids in data management activities within health services. It is referred to in the context of data processing rather than as a standalone source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 19 of 68 37. Subcomponent 2. 3: Health Service Quality Improvement ( implemented by WHO; US $ 2. 5 million: US $ 0. 83 million equivalent IDA [ including US $ 0. 53 million WHR ] and US $ 1. 67 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 17 million SDTF and US $ 1. 50 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent focuses on improving health service quality in South Sudan by addressing the challenges of remote health facilities, shortage of qualified health workers, and a long history of low health service quality. This subcomponent will: ( a ) develop an HRH policy, strategy, and manual; ( b ) implement the national Human Resources for Health Information System; ( c ) review and update the health worker training curriculum; ( d ) review and update the essential medicines list and standard treatment guidelines, including rational use of medicines; strengthen the capacity of the Drug and Food Control Authority ( DFCA ) at the State and National levels through training, development of tools and guidelines, and operational support for testing and supervision; ( e ) review and update the national quality of care policy and strategy; ( f ) review and update the BPHNS; and ( g", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 690, + 735, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "Human Resources for Health Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 174, + 177, + "Human Resources for Health Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 428, + 439, + "Human Resources for Health Information System <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This subcomponent focuses on improving health service quality in South Sudan by addressing the challenges of remote health facilities, shortage of qualified health workers, and a long history of low health service quality. This subcomponent will: ( a ) develop an HRH policy, strategy, and manual; ( b ) implement the national Human Resources for Health Information System; ( c ) review and update the health worker training curriculum; ( d ) review and update the essential medicines list and standard treatment guidelines, including rational use of medicines; strengthen the capacity of the Drug and Food Control Authority ( DFCA ) at the State and National levels through training, development of tools and guidelines, and operational support for testing and supervision; ( e ) review and update the national quality of care policy and strategy; ( f ) review and update the BPHNS; and ( g", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Human Resources for Health Information System is a structured collection of data used to manage and analyze health workforce information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component of health service improvement", + "described as a national Human Resources for Health Information System", + "listed among other project activities", + "not explicitly stated to be used in data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon examining the context, the term 'Human Resources for Health Information System' operates more as the name of an information system than as a dataset. Although it could imply that it contains structured data regarding health workforce information, the text context frames it as a subcomponent of a larger strategy aimed at improving health services. It\u2019s described in relation to several actions and ideas (like developing policies, implementing, and reviewing curricula), which indicates that the focus is on managing and operationalizing health information rather than suggesting it is a dataset yielding direct data or records for analysis. The model likely confused it as a dataset because it follows familiar phrasing and is a proper name, but in this sentence, it acts more like a tool or system rather than a structured dataset used for deriving insights.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Human Resources for Health Information System' does not function as a dataset in this context; instead, it serves as the name of a component of a project aimed at enhancing health service quality, focusing on system management rather than dataset usage." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": ") establish a quality of care system through development of guidelines, tools, and standards, training of trainers on quality of care, piloting quality of care teams and supporting national scale up, and support for National and State level quality improvement supervision. 38. Subcomponent 2. 4: Health Management Information Systems ( WHO; US $ 2. 50 million: US $ 0. 93 million equivalent IDA [ including US $ 0. 63 million WHR ] and US $ 1. 57 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 17 million SDTF and US $ 1. 40 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent will focus on developing systems and procedures for the national HMIS, with an emphasis on supporting the collection of routine data through DHIS2, to standardize data collection, entry and cleaning, as well as instituting data quality improvement practices. This will enhance targeting and data tracking for refugees and provide regularly updated information to understand the evolving needs on the ground that will aid further in the decision-making process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 297, + 334, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Subcomponent 2. 4: Health Management Information Systems ( WHO; US $ 2. 50 million: US $ 0.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "Health Management Information Systems refers to a system for managing health data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system for managing health data", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source or collection", + "implies infrastructure rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Health Management Information Systems' in the provided context strongly indicates a system used for managing health-related data rather than representing a specific dataset. The designation 'Information System' suggests an infrastructure that may house or facilitate the organization of data but does not itself constitute a dataset. The phrase appears in a context that does not convey it as a source of structured data but rather as a title of a system that has broader capabilities beyond merely serving as a dataset. There was a potential confusion for the model due to the capitalization and the presence of financial figures, which might imply importance. Moreover, since it follows categorization as a subcomponent, it could lead to model inference that it is being framed as a specific, valuable source of data,", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Health Management Information Systems' is not treated as a dataset in this context but rather as a system designed for managing health data, lacking direct invocation as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": ") establish a quality of care system through development of guidelines, tools, and standards, training of trainers on quality of care, piloting quality of care teams and supporting national scale up, and support for National and State level quality improvement supervision. 38. Subcomponent 2. 4: Health Management Information Systems ( WHO; US $ 2. 50 million: US $ 0. 93 million equivalent IDA [ including US $ 0. 63 million WHR ] and US $ 1. 57 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 17 million SDTF and US $ 1. 40 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent will focus on developing systems and procedures for the national HMIS, with an emphasis on supporting the collection of routine data through DHIS2, to standardize data collection, entry and cleaning, as well as instituting data quality improvement practices. This will enhance targeting and data tracking for refugees and provide regularly updated information to understand the evolving needs on the ground that will aid further in the decision-making process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 610, + 614, + "named" + ], + [ + 337, + 340, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 854, + 862, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 875, + 904, + "HMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "40 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent will focus on developing systems and procedures for the national HMIS, with an emphasis on supporting the collection of routine data through DHIS2, to standardize data collection, entry and cleaning, as well as instituting data quality improvement practices. This will enhance targeting and data tracking for refugees and provide regularly updated information to understand the evolving needs on the ground that will aid further in the decision-making process.", + "type": "Health Management Information System", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured system for collecting and managing health data, which qualifies it as a dataset used for analysis and decision-making.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for collecting data", + "focus on developing systems and procedures", + "emphasis on standardizing data collection and quality improvement practices", + "not explicitly mentioned as a dataset in context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is referred to as a management information system that is focused on developing procedures for data collection and management, rather than being the dataset itself. Although 'HMIS' seems to collect and manage data, the emphasis in the text on systems development and procedural support indicates that it operates more as a framework or tool rather than as a specific, concrete dataset. The confusion may arise from the fact that the term operates within discussions about data use, but here it does not function as a standalone dataset, as it lacks explicit mention as a source of structured records against which analysis is performed. Instead, it is instantiated more broadly as the infrastructure supporting data collection, which could lead a model to see it as a dataset due to its capitalized form and categorization in health data contexts.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' should not be treated as a dataset because it is framed as a system for developing data collection and quality practices, rather than an explicit source of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": ") establish a quality of care system through development of guidelines, tools, and standards, training of trainers on quality of care, piloting quality of care teams and supporting national scale up, and support for National and State level quality improvement supervision. 38. Subcomponent 2. 4: Health Management Information Systems ( WHO; US $ 2. 50 million: US $ 0. 93 million equivalent IDA [ including US $ 0. 63 million WHR ] and US $ 1. 57 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 17 million SDTF and US $ 1. 40 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent will focus on developing systems and procedures for the national HMIS, with an emphasis on supporting the collection of routine data through DHIS2, to standardize data collection, entry and cleaning, as well as instituting data quality improvement practices. This will enhance targeting and data tracking for refugees and provide regularly updated information to understand the evolving needs on the ground that will aid further in the decision-making process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 686, + 691, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "40 million MDTF ] ). This subcomponent will focus on developing systems and procedures for the national HMIS, with an emphasis on supporting the collection of routine data through DHIS2, to standardize data collection, entry and cleaning, as well as instituting data quality improvement practices. This will enhance targeting and data tracking for refugees and provide regularly updated information to understand the evolving needs on the ground that will aid further in the decision-making process.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system tool used for data collection and management, not a dataset itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of developing systems and procedures for the HMIS", + "focus on procedures for data collection, not presenting actual data", + "indicates it is a management information system, not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'DHIS2' clearly refers to a health management information system rather than an actual dataset. The surrounding text emphasizes the focus on developing systems, procedures for data collection, and improving data quality. It does not indicate that DHIS2 is being used to provide specific datasets but rather as a tool to facilitate data collection and management within a broader health management information system framework. This distinction is crucial. The model might have seen 'DHIS2' as a potential dataset because it appears in contexts related to data collection, and its proper capitalization can lend it the appearance of being a concrete source of data. However, it is more accurate to categorize it as an infrastructure/tool that supports data activities rather than a concrete dataset that is used directly in analyses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS2 is not treated as a dataset here because it is described as a health management information system focused on data collection procedures, not as a specific source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 440, + 444, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation in the health sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an information system focused on data entry and management", + "described with operational tasks such as data cleaning and quality improvement", + "constant references to staff training and procedural documentation", + "listed alongside activities rather than enumerated with datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'HMIS' relates to the Health Management Information System, which in this context is described as a structure enabling the collection, management, and use of health data. However, the focus of the text highlights operational activities and system integration rather than presenting specific, actionable data sources. The frequent emphasis on training staff and the creation of Standard Operating Procedures indicates it functions more as a tool or system rather than a standalone dataset. This might confuse a model which interprets 'HMIS' as containing health-related data due to its capitalized format and the presence of terms like 'data entry' and 'quality improvement.' Models could easily misclassify it if they associate the term with data sources without recognizing contextual cues emphasizing functionality and operational aspects over data assets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' acts more as an information management system that supports data processes rather than as a dataset itself. It is described through operational tasks and system capabilities rather than specific datasets or data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 632, + 636, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data entry and management", + "described in the context of operational procedures and quality improvement", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source for analysis or evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' (Health Management Information System) is discussed predominantly in the context of operational procedures and capacity building for data entry, management, and sharing. The text emphasizes the training, establishment, and operationalization aspects of HMIS, indicating that it functions as a system providing structure for health-related data rather than presenting itself as a concrete dataset. While it may encapsulate data, it is more focused on being a platform or system designed to facilitate data management. The confusion may arise from the term being capitalized and of a position that typically suggests it is a key data source. However, absent specific phrasing indicating it is the source of the data being analyzed (like 'uses data from HMIS'), it leans more towards being a system infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. This differentiation is key, as it highlights that while HMIS organizes health data, it is not the dataset in question for analysis purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is better described as a health information system designed for data management rather than a standalone dataset, as it is referenced primarily in operational terms without being positioned explicitly as a source of analyzed data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 22, + "text": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 987, + 1032, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will: ( a ) finance procurement of information communication technology equipment at the national level and train staff on data entry and use; ( b ) train trainers to develop health facility staff data entry, management, and use capacity; ( c ) create interoperability and integration between data systems and ensure data sharing, storage and backup; ( d ) develop, print, and disseminate Standard Operating Procedures for HMIS data entry, cleaning, quality improvement, and use at all levels; ( e ) conduct data review meetings and generate data use tools; ( f ) establish and operate the National and State level HMIS and Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) Technical Working Groups; ( g ) conduct data quality improvement activities at the facility and national level; ( h ) operationalize a national and state level research committee, building on existing structure; ( i ) conduct an annual health sector review meeting; and ( j ) maintain and institutionalize the Health Service Functionality ( HSF ) Database. 39.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Health Service Functionality (HSF) Database is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation in the health sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of maintaining and institutionalizing the database", + "follows a list of system and capacity-building activities", + "described as a 'database' but lacks specific indication of data being extracted or analyzed from it", + "described in association with health information management system (HMIS) activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Health Service Functionality (HSF) Database' is presented in association with various activities related to maintaining and operationalizing health management systems. While it is referred to as a 'database,' which typically implies a structured collection of data, the focus here is more on operational practices related to its functionality, such as institutionalization and maintenance rather than actual data extraction or analysis. The lack of specific references to using data from the HSF Database in analysis or decision-making indicates that it functions more as an infrastructure or tool rather than a primary data source. There is a risk of confusion because it clearly sounds like a dataset due to its naming and structure; however, without explicit context that emphasizes data being derived from it or analyzed, we categorize it as a project/system. Models might have confused it as a dataset because it is explicitly referred to as a 'database' and is capitalized, resembling a proper noun for structured datasets, but the contextual cues lean towards it being a more administrative function than direct data analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Service Functionality (HSF) Database' functions more as a maintenance and operational framework for health systems rather than a dataset used for analysis; hence in this context, it is not treated as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 20 of 68 will ensure that independent and credible data on health service delivery and coverage and commodities are generated and that the data are usable and used to enable the Government, the World Bank, and development partners to verify that resources are reaching the intended beneficiaries and minimize potential harm. The monitoring entities \u2019 roles will include working with the PMU, UNICEF, the World Bank, and IPs to explain results, providing guidance on improved methods, proposing context-appropriate solutions, and conducting ex-post fact verification of results provided by project reporting mechanisms. 41. Subcomponent 3. 1: Third Party Monitoring ( Competitively selected TPM agencies; US $ 13. 75 million: US $ 6. 15 million equivalent IDA [ WHR ] and US $ 7. 6 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 8 million SDTF and US $ 6. 8 million MDTF ] ). The project will finance TPM of delivery of basic health services under Subcomponent 1. 1 and will build on arrangements through the COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP - P176480 ), incorporating lessons learned from the project. TPM will provide critical assessment and survey data, in complement to routine data through DHIS2, in support of the country \u2019 s overall HMIS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1311, + 1316, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 and will build on arrangements through the COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP - P176480 ), incorporating lessons learned from the project. TPM will provide critical assessment and survey data, in complement to routine data through DHIS2, in support of the country \u2019 s overall HMIS.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a database used for health information management, collecting and analyzing health data for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'in complement to routine data through'", + "mentioned as part of a health information management system", + "described as providing data but not as the primary source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is referenced in a manner indicating it is part of a broader management information system (HMIS) rather than a discrete dataset itself. The phrase 'in complement to routine data through DHIS2' suggests that DHIS2 serves as a platform or infrastructure that aggregates or organizes data rather than providing a dataset in isolation. There\u2019s a distinction between using DHIS2 as a tool to gather data versus being a source of detailed datasets. The model extraction may have assumed it was a dataset due to its mention in a data-related sentence, especially since it appears alongside other data sources, but here it functions more as a system supporting data collection and analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is better understood as a health information management system rather than an isolated dataset. It provides a platform for routine data collection but doesn't represent a defined dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 23, + "text": "To facilitate data sharing and use, the subcomponent will develop a data visualization and use platform ( software ) focusing on visual representations of TPM and routine data, inclusive of BHI data. Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas to facilitate improved health service delivery among the critical underserved populations. The development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable platform which will strengthen MoH systems will be emphasized. Annex 2 provides further details on the platform. 43. Subcomponent 3. 3: Contract and Program Management Capacity Development ( PMU; US $ 3. 44 million: US $ 1. 54 million equivalent IDA [ WHR ] and US $ 1. 9 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 20 million SDTF and US $ 1. 7 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 232, + 237, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To facilitate data sharing and use, the subcomponent will develop a data visualization and use platform ( software ) focusing on visual representations of TPM and routine data, inclusive of BHI data. Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system that serves as a database for health data collection and management, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform", + "mentioned in relation to linking other data sources", + "not explicitly stated to provide a dataset directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' appears to be referenced primarily as a platform or information system designed to facilitate data sharing and visualization, rather than as a standalone dataset. The text discusses how DHIS2 will be linked with other platforms and used to visualize data rather than using it as a specific concrete dataset. The phrase 'linking of platforms' suggests that DHIS2 functions here more as a tool that hosts data which is then utilized, rather than being a discrete dataset itself. The confusion arises because DHIS2 is indeed a health information system and does store a vast array of health data, but in this instance, the focus is on its use in linking to other datasets for visualization rather than presenting DHIS2 as a dataset in its own right. A model might have interpreted it as a dataset due to the prominent role it plays in data management and its mention alongside data visualization but it is primarily depicted as a system enabling access and aggregation of data from various sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, DHIS2 should not be classified as a dataset because it is described as a platform or system used for linking and visualizing data rather than explicitly serving as a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 23, + "text": "To facilitate data sharing and use, the subcomponent will develop a data visualization and use platform ( software ) focusing on visual representations of TPM and routine data, inclusive of BHI data. Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas to facilitate improved health service delivery among the critical underserved populations. The development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable platform which will strengthen MoH systems will be emphasized. Annex 2 provides further details on the platform. 43. Subcomponent 3. 3: Contract and Program Management Capacity Development ( PMU; US $ 3. 44 million: US $ 1. 54 million equivalent IDA [ WHR ] and US $ 1. 9 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 20 million SDTF and US $ 1. 7 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 246, + 258, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To facilitate data sharing and use, the subcomponent will develop a data visualization and use platform ( software ) focusing on visual representations of TPM and routine data, inclusive of BHI data. Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The 'HSF platform' refers to a software platform for data visualization and analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a software platform", + "mentioned in the context of data visualization", + "links data from other sources but not as a data source itself", + "infrastructure for data handling rather than a collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the term 'HSF platform' is explicitly referred to in relation to software for data visualization and the handling of various data types, rather than as a structured dataset containing records. The language used suggests that it serves as an infrastructure tool that enables the visualization and interaction with data, particularly in conjunction with other systems like DHIS2. While the term appears in sentences discussing data usage, there\u2019s no indication that it is a standalone structured dataset in its own right. The model might have been confused because it is listed alongside other systems and mentioned within contexts discussing data sharing, leading to an assumption that it might function like a dataset. However, the text does not treat it as a source of raw data records, but rather as a platform that incorporates various data sources for visualization.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'HSF platform' is not a dataset in this context, as it refers to a software tool for data visualization rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 23, + "text": "To facilitate data sharing and use, the subcomponent will develop a data visualization and use platform ( software ) focusing on visual representations of TPM and routine data, inclusive of BHI data. Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas to facilitate improved health service delivery among the critical underserved populations. The development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable platform which will strengthen MoH systems will be emphasized. Annex 2 provides further details on the platform. 43. Subcomponent 3. 3: Contract and Program Management Capacity Development ( PMU; US $ 3. 44 million: US $ 1. 54 million equivalent IDA [ WHR ] and US $ 1. 9 million Trust Funds [ US $ 0. 20 million SDTF and US $ 1. 7 million MDTF ] ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 431, + 436, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Linking of platforms, including DHIS2 and the HSF platform will be integral to the work. The data visualization platform will include visualization of Results Framework data and other core indicators from the HSSP, linking TPM and DHIS2 data using maps, charts, and graphs and will incorporate HSF data along with the overlay of health and meteorologic data to better understand the impact of climatic patterns on health. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas to facilitate improved health service delivery among the critical underserved populations.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that serves as a database for health data collection and analysis, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a platform linking with others", + "described in context of visualization and integration, not as a pure data source", + "DHIS2 mentioned alongside other platforms indicating infrastructure rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 is presented as a platform rather than a dataset. The mention of 'linking of platforms' implies that DHIS2 serves more as an infrastructure or tool that facilitates the integration and analysis of data from other sources. While DHIS2 is indeed a health management information system that collects and holds health data, the surrounding text emphasizes its role in linking data and visualizing outcomes, rather than functioning as a standalone dataset. The language used avoids explicit references to DHIS2 as a primary data source; rather, it's mentioned in conjunction with other platforms in a collaborative context. This can be confusing for models as they may perceive the term as a named entity representing a dataset, especially given its capitalized format and the potential for it to be seen as containing structured records. However, the emphasis in the surrounding phrases confirms its role as an informational system or platform rather than merely a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 is not treated as a standalone dataset but rather as an integrated platform that connects and visualizes data from various sources, emphasizing its role in infrastructure rather than as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 28, + "text": "Monitoring and tracking of project outputs will rely on different sources of information and monitoring mechanisms. Through its team and network of partners, implementing agencies will track the planned and actual activities. An additional level of tracking will be through a TPM arrangement. Additionally, to significantly enhance the transparency and accountability of TPM activities, the project will integrate support from the Geo-enabling Initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) to enhance the monitoring and supervision capacity of the project. Working with GEMS will enable the World Bank to \u2018 monitor-the-monitors \u2019 and get access to direct field data in near real-time, rather than solely receiving aggregated periodic reports. Through the use of GEMS, the project will seek to further build the local capacity to use technologies to collect and analyze data on the ground to improve accountability for TPM and enhance transparency and accuracy of M & E activities. 64. The Results Framework for the project will build on the lessons from the COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP-P176480 ) and will aim at measuring actual service delivery outcomes. UNICEF and WHO will provide detailed technical reports biannually with narrative updates on the overall project implementation and results as well as reporting on the project \u2019 s Results Framework indicators. In addition, quarterly matrices will be provided which will contain updated progress of Results Framework indicators as well as social and environmental risk management. 65. The project will identify refugees and host communities \u2019 beneficiaries by building on a targeting mechanism that has been designed under the ongoing COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP-P176480 ) which uses a combination of geographic targeting and community-based targeting, with", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 575, + 579, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Additionally, to significantly enhance the transparency and accountability of TPM activities, the project will integrate support from the Geo-enabling Initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) to enhance the monitoring and supervision capacity of the project. Working with GEMS will enable the World Bank to \u2018 monitor-the-monitors \u2019 and get access to direct field data in near real-time, rather than solely receiving aggregated periodic reports. Through the use of GEMS, the project will seek to further build the local capacity to use technologies to collect and analyze data on the ground to improve accountability for TPM and enhance transparency and accuracy of M & E activities.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to an initiative aimed at enhancing monitoring and supervision capacity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an initiative for monitoring and supervision", + "not referred to as a data source but as a support mechanism", + "integrated support rather than a data repository" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is characterized as an initiative aimed at enhancing the monitoring and supervision capacity of the project, which is a support mechanism rather than a traditional dataset. The phrase 'to enhance the transparency and accountability of TPM activities' positions GEMS as a tool or system contributing to project implementation rather than providing structured records or datasets. Though the text does mention that GEMS will enable direct access to field data, it refers to the method or system for collecting and managing data rather than presenting GEMS as a distinct dataset. A model might have confused this term as it follows the structuring of a data source and is associated with data activities, yet it lacks the explicit definition or treatment as a dataset. It is mentioned in the context of expanding monitoring and analytical capabilities, suggesting an infrastructural role, not a direct data source.Collection of data is secondary to the analysis and support aspects described here, which again strengthens the notion that GEMS is better seen as infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS does not function as a distinct dataset in this context; it is a system that facilitates monitoring and analysis rather than serving as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 28, + "text": "Monitoring and tracking of project outputs will rely on different sources of information and monitoring mechanisms. Through its team and network of partners, implementing agencies will track the planned and actual activities. An additional level of tracking will be through a TPM arrangement. Additionally, to significantly enhance the transparency and accountability of TPM activities, the project will integrate support from the Geo-enabling Initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) to enhance the monitoring and supervision capacity of the project. Working with GEMS will enable the World Bank to \u2018 monitor-the-monitors \u2019 and get access to direct field data in near real-time, rather than solely receiving aggregated periodic reports. Through the use of GEMS, the project will seek to further build the local capacity to use technologies to collect and analyze data on the ground to improve accountability for TPM and enhance transparency and accuracy of M & E activities. 64. The Results Framework for the project will build on the lessons from the COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP-P176480 ) and will aim at measuring actual service delivery outcomes. UNICEF and WHO will provide detailed technical reports biannually with narrative updates on the overall project implementation and results as well as reporting on the project \u2019 s Results Framework indicators. In addition, quarterly matrices will be provided which will contain updated progress of Results Framework indicators as well as social and environmental risk management. 65. The project will identify refugees and host communities \u2019 beneficiaries by building on a targeting mechanism that has been designed under the ongoing COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health System Preparedness Project ( CERHSPP-P176480 ) which uses a combination of geographic targeting and community-based targeting, with", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 767, + 771, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Working with GEMS will enable the World Bank to \u2018 monitor-the-monitors \u2019 and get access to direct field data in near real-time, rather than solely receiving aggregated periodic reports. Through the use of GEMS, the project will seek to further build the local capacity to use technologies to collect and analyze data on the ground to improve accountability for TPM and enhance transparency and accuracy of M & E activities. 64.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to an initiative aimed at enhancing monitoring and supervision capacity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project to enhance monitoring capacity", + "refers to a system enabling access to real-time data rather than presenting a dataset", + "emphasizes building local capacity for data collection and analysis, not presenting data as a structured collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'GEMS' refers to an initiative related to monitoring and enhancing the capacity of field data collection, yet it is not framed as a dataset. While the text indicates that GEMS provides access to direct field data, it focuses on empowering users with the capacity for collection and analysis, which implies it facilitates interaction with data rather than being a structured data resource itself. I note that it follows language that suggests it's instrumental in helping the World Bank achieve goals, such as monitoring activities rather than being a data source itself. The initial model may have confused 'GEMS' as a dataset due to its capitalization, reference alongside data access, and mention of real-time data; however, it lacks characteristics that define it as a standalone dataset. This confusion may stem from models interpreting system names or project titles that are involved in data processes as datasets, particularly when there\u2019s mention or access to data in the surrounding text.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is not a dataset in this context; it is described as a project or system focused on enhancing monitoring capabilities and supporting real-time data access rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 46, + "text": "Collection TPM / PMU; Measures subcomponents 1. 1 and 1. 2 Under UNICEF Percentage of women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of refugee women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of refugee women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 331, + 336, + "named" + ], + [ + 65, + 71, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 72, + 117, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 418, + 424, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 459, + 465, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 466, + 519, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 Under UNICEF Percentage of women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of refugee women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of refugee women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data source'", + "mentioned as the source for collecting and managing health data", + "implied to be a structured collection of data used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is referred to as the 'data source' for the data collection, which emphasizes its role in managing and providing health data. The phrase 'Data source DHIS2' suggests that DHIS2 is being positioned as the origin of the data being analyzed. While it is a health information system and not a dataset in the traditional sense, its function here aligns closely with that of a dataset because it is specifically related to the collection and management of health statistics. However, one could argue that it solely serves as infrastructure; the decisive factor is its explicit mention as a data source, which indicates its relevance in the data analysis process. The model might have been confused by DHIS2\u2019s nature as a system and its proper name formatting, potentially leading to an assumption that it is simply a tool rather than recognizing its functional role in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 behaves like a dataset mention because it is explicitly referenced as the 'Data source,' indicating its function in collecting and managing health data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 46, + "text": "Collection TPM / PMU; Measures subcomponents 1. 1 and 1. 2 Under UNICEF Percentage of women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of refugee women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of refugee women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 369, + 374, + "named" + ], + [ + 65, + 71, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 72, + 117, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 418, + 424, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 459, + 465, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 466, + 519, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 Under UNICEF Percentage of women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of refugee women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of refugee women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Data source\u2019", + "described as a health management information system", + "uses data for analysis", + "mentioned in the context of collecting and managing health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'DHIS2' is referenced explicitly as a data source within the phrase 'Data source DHIS2.' This strong cue indicates its role as a primary collection point for data used in the analysis of healthcare metrics. While DHIS2 is indeed a health management information system, it functions concretely in this instance as a structured repository of health data that is being leveraged for reporting and measurement purposes. The phrasing aligns it closely with traditional dataset definitions, as it is presented as holding organized records that contribute to the conclusions drawn in the analysis. Although DHIS2 may often be seen as a system or infrastructure that supports data collection, in this specific case, the context frames it as a dataset due to its explicit mention as a source of data. This could confuse models because the distinction between a data management system and a dataset can sometimes blend, especially when both concepts are intertwined in operation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'DHIS2' is classified as a dataset since it is explicitly referenced as a data source utilized for health data analysis, despite being an information system." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 44 of 68 Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of HC women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of HC women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Number of health facilities with climate friendly minor rehabilitation and water and sanitation improvements completed ( Number ) Description Number of health facilities with a. ) climate friendly rehabilitation measures as defined by a set list of measures that go beyond standard practice to reduce flooding, heavy rain, and heat risk to health facilities; and / or b. ) water and sanitation improvements as defined as improvements in the availability of safe water ( drilling of boreholes, piping of water, safe rainwater catchment ) and sanitation ( pit latrines to ESF specifications; flushable toilets ) Frequency Quarterly Data source UNICEF / TPM report Methodology for Data Collection UNICEF / TPM Responsibility for Data Collection UNICEF / TPM Percentage of deliveries attended by skilled health personnel ( Number ) Description Percentage of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 131, + 136, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 218, + 224, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 259, + 265, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 618, + 624, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 659, + 665, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 666, + 784, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 1308, + 1314, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1360, + 1366, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1408, + 1414, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 44 of 68 Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH and UNICEF; Measures subcomponent 1. 1 Under UNICEF Percentage of HC women receiving four ANC visits ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of HC women at childbearing age with a live birth in a given time period who received antenatal care, four times or more times from any provider.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that serves as a database for health data collection and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source", + "described as a management information system", + "used in the context of data collection methodology" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly referred to as a management information system (MIS) used for data collection in the health sector. Although the model extracted it as a dataset because it appears after the phrase 'Data source', it should be noted that this term is not being used to directly describe a dataset itself; instead, it refers to the broader functional role of DHIS2 within the health information infrastructure. The model likely was confused by the structure of the sentence where it appears in a section typically reserved for datasets and by its capitalized form, which suggests it might be a proper noun representing a dataset. However, in this case, it is more accurately classified as an infrastructure or tool for managing health data rather than an explicit dataset containing structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, DHIS2 is a management information system and should not be categorized as a dataset; it functions as a tool for data collection rather than being a concrete data source on its own." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 50 of 68 Description Proportion of an alert about a disease, condition, or event of public health importance which may be true or invented Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Birth registration notification coverage Description Proportion of live births notified by the health facility among the total expected live births in specific period Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / UNICEF Maternal death review coverage ( % ) Description Percentage of maternal deaths occurring in the health facility that were audited and reviewed. Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Component 3: Monitoring and Evaluation and Project Management Percentage of health facilities receiving quarterly supervision visits ( disaggregated by visits by CHDs, and States MoH ) ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of health facilities receiving at least one quarterly supervision visit within the quarter from either the CHD, or the State MoH Frequency Quarterly Data source MoH; TPM Methodology for Data Collection MoH to provide data; TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / TPM Percentage of health facilities receiving quarterly supervision visits", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 606, + 611, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 407, + 447, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 698, + 728, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 50 of 68 Description Proportion of an alert about a disease, condition, or event of public health importance which may be true or invented Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Birth registration notification coverage Description Proportion of live births notified by the health facility among the total expected live births in specific period Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / UNICEF Maternal death review coverage ( % ) Description Percentage of maternal deaths occurring in the health facility that were audited and reviewed. Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data source'", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "contextualized with specific data collection responsibilities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' appears right after the phrase 'Data source', which clearly indicates that it is being referenced as the origin of data for the mentioned metrics. It is also described explicitly as a health management information system, which supports its role as a structured collection of health data. While a system can sometimes merely serve as infrastructure, the key signals here \u2014 its direct mention as a data source, coupled with the responsibility for data collection assigned here \u2014 position it as a valid dataset in this analysis. The model may have been confused as 'DHIS2' has attributes of a management information system; however, in this case, it is clearly treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS2' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly noted as the data source for the health metrics described, fulfilling the requirement of being a structured collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 50 of 68 Description Proportion of an alert about a disease, condition, or event of public health importance which may be true or invented Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Birth registration notification coverage Description Proportion of live births notified by the health facility among the total expected live births in specific period Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / UNICEF Maternal death review coverage ( % ) Description Percentage of maternal deaths occurring in the health facility that were audited and reviewed. Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Component 3: Monitoring and Evaluation and Project Management Percentage of health facilities receiving quarterly supervision visits ( disaggregated by visits by CHDs, and States MoH ) ( Percentage ) Description Percentage of health facilities receiving at least one quarterly supervision visit within the quarter from either the CHD, or the State MoH Frequency Quarterly Data source MoH; TPM Methodology for Data Collection MoH to provide data; TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / TPM Percentage of health facilities receiving quarterly supervision visits", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 644, + 649, + "named" + ], + [ + 407, + 447, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 698, + 728, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank South Sudan Health Sector Transformation Project ( HSTP ) ( P181385 ) Page 50 of 68 Description Proportion of an alert about a disease, condition, or event of public health importance which may be true or invented Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2. 1 under WHO Birth registration notification coverage Description Proportion of live births notified by the health facility among the total expected live births in specific period Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / UNICEF Maternal death review coverage ( % ) Description Percentage of maternal deaths occurring in the health facility that were audited and reviewed. Frequency Quarterly Data source WHO Methodology for Data Collection Quarterly and biannual TPM Responsibility for Data Collection PMU / TPM; Measures subcomponent 2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that serves as a database for health data collection and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018data source\u2019", + "described as a place for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon evaluating the mention of 'DHIS2' in this context, it is clear that it is used here as a data source for health-related metrics. The text explicitly states 'Data source DHIS2', aligning it with other clearly identified data sources such as WHO. The context suggests that DHIS2 serves an operational role as a health management information system dedicated to collecting health data. Also, it is characterized by its role in data collection and reporting, which means that it functions closely to what we would consider a dataset. Although technically, DHIS2 is an information system that manages data rather than an actual dataset itself, in the context of this analysis, it is treated as a dataset because it is referred to in that capacity by the users in the document. The model may have been confused because of the operational description it has here, highlighting its role as a source of data and its relevance for the health metrics discussed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, DHIS2 is designated as a dataset because it is explicitly identified as a data source for health-related data in the document, aligning with other recognized data sources, thus serving its function as a dataset in the context." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 54, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source UNICEF Methodology for Data Collection UNICEF to provide data / TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection UNICEF; PMU Percentage of completeness of reporting by facilities Description Percentage of facilities that submit complete reports within the required deadline. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / PMU Percentage of states that conducted quarterly coordination meetings with a review of data and documented with minutes including action items and follow-up Description Percentage of State \u2019 s quarterly health service delivery coordination meetings for the health sector held with a review of data included in the meeting and documented with minutes which include action items and follow-up on action items. Meetings are to be held quarterly in each state. Four meetings are expected each year per state. CHDs and implementing partners will be participated in the review Frequency Quarterly Data source MoH / WHO Methodology for Data Collection WHO to provide data / TPM to verify", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 339, + 344, + "named" + ], + [ + 157, + 210, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 1122, + 1140, + "DHIS2 <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Quarterly Data source UNICEF Methodology for Data Collection UNICEF to provide data / TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection UNICEF; PMU Percentage of completeness of reporting by facilities Description Percentage of facilities that submit complete reports within the required deadline. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / PMU Percentage of states that conducted quarterly coordination meetings with a review of data and documented with minutes including action items and follow-up Description Percentage of State \u2019 s quarterly health service delivery coordination meetings for the health sector held with a review of data included in the meeting and documented with minutes which include action items and follow-up on action items. Meetings are to be held quarterly in each state.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system used for data collection and reporting, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Data source\u2019 phrase", + "mentioned as a source of data collection", + "described as a health information system", + "not enumerated alongside clear datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'DHIS2' appears immediately after the phrase 'Data source', which typically indicates the source of data used for the analysis. However, 'DHIS2' is explicitly identified as a health information system. While it does store and facilitate the collection of structured data, it is functioning here more as a system rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion could arise because entities like 'DHIS2' often house data, leading models to misinterpret them as datasets. Additionally, because 'DHIS2' isn't listed alongside other concrete datasets, it strengthens the case that it is being referenced for its role as an information system rather than as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS2' is mentioned as a health information system and not as a specific dataset; therefore, in this context, it should not be treated as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 54, + "text": "Frequency Quarterly Data source UNICEF Methodology for Data Collection UNICEF to provide data / TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection UNICEF; PMU Percentage of completeness of reporting by facilities Description Percentage of facilities that submit complete reports within the required deadline. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / PMU Percentage of states that conducted quarterly coordination meetings with a review of data and documented with minutes including action items and follow-up Description Percentage of State \u2019 s quarterly health service delivery coordination meetings for the health sector held with a review of data included in the meeting and documented with minutes which include action items and follow-up on action items. Meetings are to be held quarterly in each state. Four meetings are expected each year per state. CHDs and implementing partners will be participated in the review Frequency Quarterly Data source MoH / WHO Methodology for Data Collection WHO to provide data / TPM to verify", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 377, + 382, + "named" + ], + [ + 157, + 210, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 428, + 517, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Quarterly Data source UNICEF Methodology for Data Collection UNICEF to provide data / TPM to verify Responsibility for Data Collection UNICEF; PMU Percentage of completeness of reporting by facilities Description Percentage of facilities that submit complete reports within the required deadline. Frequency Quarterly Data source DHIS2 Methodology for Data Collection DHIS2 Responsibility for Data Collection MoH / PMU Percentage of states that conducted quarterly coordination meetings with a review of data and documented with minutes including action items and follow-up Description Percentage of State \u2019 s quarterly health service delivery coordination meetings for the health sector held with a review of data included in the meeting and documented with minutes which include action items and follow-up on action items. Meetings are to be held quarterly in each state.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system used for data collection and reporting, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Data source\u2019 terminology", + "described as a system that stores health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly mentioned as a source of data. It follows the phrase 'Data source' which indicates that it is being referenced for its role in data collection and reporting. The term is capitalized and is recognized in the health sector as a health information system. While it is indeed a system rather than a dataset in a traditional sense, it serves the function of a dataset because the data aggregated and processed through DHIS2 is utilized for analysis and reporting. The model might have been confused by the nature of DHIS2 as an information system, which could make it seem like it is not a dataset itself but rather the infrastructure around the data. However, since it is being used as the direct source of data for reporting, it fits the definition closely enough to classify it as a dataset here. The phraseology suggests it is a primary data source, which aligns it with how datasets are typically described, even though it is also a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is treated as a dataset because it is specified as a data source for health reports and directly associated with data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 64, + "text": "On an annual basis the health service quality assessment will include direct observation of health service process quality measures at hospitals and health centers. ( iv ) Bi-annual patient feedback using exit surveys. ( v ) Bi-annual visits to a sample of BHTs to measure service outputs and quality. ( b ) Periodic TPM data collection: ( i ) Biennial household coverage surveys as baseline / endline surveys in the project \u2019 s three-year timeframe. 35 ( ii ) Citizen engagement survey collected at the household level, with the coverage survey every other year. 2. Data Analysis and Visualization Platform. The platform will emphasize development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable system. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas. The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis. ( b ) Presentation of data in data visualization platform in the form of static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, tailored to project monitoring needs and partner priorities. ( c ) Incorporation of HSF data within the data visualization platform through a link or page within the platform. ( d ) Overlay of disease and health service delivery data with meteorologic data to better understand seasonal patterns in service delivery and infectious disease data. 35 Given the planned project length of three years, this is a baseline and an endline survey. Potential timeframe changes would include interim surveys, which are planned to be light surveys focusing on key indicators.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 317, + 320, + "named" + ], + [ + 344, + 379, + "TPM <> data description" + ], + [ + 461, + 486, + "TPM <> data description" + ], + [ + 856, + 895, + "TPM <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( v ) Bi-annual visits to a sample of BHTs to measure service outputs and quality. ( b ) Periodic TPM data collection: ( i ) Biennial household coverage surveys as baseline / endline surveys in the project \u2019 s three-year timeframe. 35 ( ii ) Citizen engagement survey collected at the household level, with the coverage survey every other year.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "TPM refers to a data collection process that includes surveys and assessments related to health service quality, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data collection process", + "mentioned alongside surveys, not as a concrete dataset", + "TPM could refer to a project related to data collection rather than being a defined dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TPM' appears to refer to a process of data collection rather than a specific dataset. The surrounding phrases emphasize periodic data collection through surveys, indicating that 'TPM' is tied to an ongoing project methodology rather than a singular dataset. The confusion might stem from the fact that it is referenced in a sentence structure that suggests it supplies data for analysis, but because it is described as a data collection initiative (including various survey types) rather than a compiled set of structured records, it does not fit the criteria of a dataset in a strict sense. The model likely identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized nature and its placement in a context where data is being discussed, which could have led to an interpretation as a concrete data source when it is more accurately related to a project or process for gathering data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'TPM' is more accurately described as a data collection effort involving various surveys rather than a concrete dataset. In this context, it represents a project methodology rather than structured data that can be analyzed independently." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 64, + "text": "On an annual basis the health service quality assessment will include direct observation of health service process quality measures at hospitals and health centers. ( iv ) Bi-annual patient feedback using exit surveys. ( v ) Bi-annual visits to a sample of BHTs to measure service outputs and quality. ( b ) Periodic TPM data collection: ( i ) Biennial household coverage surveys as baseline / endline surveys in the project \u2019 s three-year timeframe. 35 ( ii ) Citizen engagement survey collected at the household level, with the coverage survey every other year. 2. Data Analysis and Visualization Platform. The platform will emphasize development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable system. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas. The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis. ( b ) Presentation of data in data visualization platform in the form of static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, tailored to project monitoring needs and partner priorities. ( c ) Incorporation of HSF data within the data visualization platform through a link or page within the platform. ( d ) Overlay of disease and health service delivery data with meteorologic data to better understand seasonal patterns in service delivery and infectious disease data. 35 Given the planned project length of three years, this is a baseline and an endline survey. Potential timeframe changes would include interim surveys, which are planned to be light surveys focusing on key indicators.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 978, + 983, + "named" + ], + [ + 344, + 379, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ], + [ + 461, + 486, + "DHIS2 <> data type" + ], + [ + 856, + 895, + "DHIS2 <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that serves as a database for health data collection and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a health management information system", + "not mentioned as a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is positioned as a health management information system rather than an individual dataset. The phrase 'will use data from DHIS2' indicates that the platform is leveraging data provided by this system, but it does not imply that DHIS2 itself is a standalone dataset. The term appears alongside others, which reinforces its identification as a source rather than a dataset. Additionally, terminology like \u2018platform\u2019 and \u2018system\u2019 is used, which suggests functionality and infrastructure rather than providing a pure dataset. This could confuse models into interpreting DHIS2 as a dataset because it follows a phrase indicating data usage. However, it lacks the specificity of a concrete dataset and is better viewed as infrastructure that stores and manages data instead of serving as a reportable dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is referenced as a health management information system that serves as a source of data, rather than as a distinct dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 64, + "text": "On an annual basis the health service quality assessment will include direct observation of health service process quality measures at hospitals and health centers. ( iv ) Bi-annual patient feedback using exit surveys. ( v ) Bi-annual visits to a sample of BHTs to measure service outputs and quality. ( b ) Periodic TPM data collection: ( i ) Biennial household coverage surveys as baseline / endline surveys in the project \u2019 s three-year timeframe. 35 ( ii ) Citizen engagement survey collected at the household level, with the coverage survey every other year. 2. Data Analysis and Visualization Platform. The platform will emphasize development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable system. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas. The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis. ( b ) Presentation of data in data visualization platform in the form of static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, tailored to project monitoring needs and partner priorities. ( c ) Incorporation of HSF data within the data visualization platform through a link or page within the platform. ( d ) Overlay of disease and health service delivery data with meteorologic data to better understand seasonal patterns in service delivery and infectious disease data. 35 Given the planned project length of three years, this is a baseline and an endline survey. Potential timeframe changes would include interim surveys, which are planned to be light surveys focusing on key indicators.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 992, + 995, + "named" + ], + [ + 344, + 379, + "TPM <> data description" + ], + [ + 461, + 486, + "TPM <> data description" + ], + [ + 856, + 895, + "TPM <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "TPM refers to a data collection process that includes biennial household coverage surveys, which are structured collections of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "mentioned as a collection process rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TPM' is mentioned alongside 'DHIS2' and 'BHI data', which are clearly established data sources. However, upon closer inspection, 'TPM' refers to a data collection process rather than a standalone dataset. It is part of a methodology for gathering data rather than a specific collection of data points or records itself. The mention of it here suggests it is being described in terms of its role in data collection rather than as a data source in isolation. Typically, a dataset would signify a concrete collection of processed data, while a project or system like 'TPM' signifies a framework or method for gathering that data. The model might have confused it with a dataset due to its inclusion in a list of data sources and proximity to phrases like 'uses data from,' leading to the presumption that it is a dataset when it functions more as an overarching process. The capitalization and structure of the reference further contributed to its mistaken interpretation as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this particular context, 'TPM' behaves more like a data collection process and methodology rather than an identifiable dataset, hence it is not considered a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "011_BOSIB12886229a02a1bcdc12ee681b5fe59", + "page": 64, + "text": "On an annual basis the health service quality assessment will include direct observation of health service process quality measures at hospitals and health centers. ( iv ) Bi-annual patient feedback using exit surveys. ( v ) Bi-annual visits to a sample of BHTs to measure service outputs and quality. ( b ) Periodic TPM data collection: ( i ) Biennial household coverage surveys as baseline / endline surveys in the project \u2019 s three-year timeframe. 35 ( ii ) Citizen engagement survey collected at the household level, with the coverage survey every other year. 2. Data Analysis and Visualization Platform. The platform will emphasize development of an integrated, institutionalized, and sustainable system. The platform will include analysis of health service delivery in refugee and host community areas. The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis. ( b ) Presentation of data in data visualization platform in the form of static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, tailored to project monitoring needs and partner priorities. ( c ) Incorporation of HSF data within the data visualization platform through a link or page within the platform. ( d ) Overlay of disease and health service delivery data with meteorologic data to better understand seasonal patterns in service delivery and infectious disease data. 35 Given the planned project length of three years, this is a baseline and an endline survey. Potential timeframe changes would include interim surveys, which are planned to be light surveys focusing on key indicators.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1013, + 1021, + "named" + ], + [ + 344, + 379, + "BHI data <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The platform will include the following: ( a ) Interactive data visualization platform presenting Results Framework and core indicators. The platform will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data. It will be updated at least on a quarterly basis.", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "BHI data refers to a structured collection of health-related data that is used for analysis and monitoring within the context of health service delivery.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses data from'", + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as part of a platform that stores data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BHI data' is mentioned as part of a data visualization platform that incorporates multiple sources of information. The phrase 'will use data from DHIS2 and the TPM and will include BHI data' indicates that BHI data is being used alongside these other data sources, which lends credibility to the idea that BHI data is functioning as a separate dataset rather than merely a reference to a system or project. Furthermore, the fact that it is tied to a platform which is explicitly about presenting results, core indicators, and data visualization further supports its treatment as a dataset. Potential confusion arises because 'BHI' could refer to a system if not indicated as a distinct dataset, but in this case, it is clear that it is being used as a data source for the platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "BHI data is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly mentioned as being used on the data visualization platform alongside other confirmed datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "012_BOSIB-9a6accb6-73d1-4bd1-8307-d41a339a51ab", + "page": 13, + "text": "Inclusion in Kenya. 9 UN University Institute for Water, Environment and Health ( 2022 ) Water Security in Africa: A Preliminary Assessment, Issue 13 https: / / inweh. unu. edu / water-security-in-africa-a-preliminary-assessment / 10 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ). https: / / www. knbs. or. ke / publications /. 11 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ). https: / / www. knbs. or. ke / publications /. 12 Ministry of Education. 2020. WASH in Schools Situation Analysis. Unpublished draft. 13 Alexander, Kelly T., et al. 2014. \u201c Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Conditions in Kenyan Rural Schools: Are Schools Meeting the Needs of Menstruating Girls? \u201d Water 6 ( 5 ): 1453 \u2013 1466. https: / / doi. org / 10. 3390 / w6051453.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 234, + 269, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 18, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 234, + 239, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 272, + 276, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 330, + 335, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "unu. edu / water-security-in-africa-a-preliminary-assessment / 10 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ). https: / / www.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Kenya Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows a citation format", + "described as a structured collection of demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'Kenya Population and Housing Census' appears to describe a specific collection of demographic data that would likely be used for analysis and research. The fact that it is referenced in a way that indicates it is a source of data, particularly within the context of a citation, supports this interpretation. Although it could potentially be viewed as a project or system involving census-taking, it is explicitly positioned as a census in a data citation format, suggesting it is being employed as a concrete dataset. The model might have been misled by the formal naming convention, as projects can often have capitalized names that resemble dataset labels. However, in evidence of structured data being mentioned within a citation, it is most reasonable to treat this as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of 'Kenya Population and Housing Census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is cited as a source of structured demographical data, indicating its use in research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "012_BOSIB-9a6accb6-73d1-4bd1-8307-d41a339a51ab", + "page": 14, + "text": "In line with the 2016 Water Act, WSS provision is devolved to the counties who are the owners of WSPs. 16 On average, Kenyan water utilities lose about US $ 90 million annually due to low operational efficiencies. 17 Non - revenue water ( NRW ) has stagnated at a national average of 45 percent over the past decade, while energy costs have remained high, reaching as high as 50 percent of total operating costs for some WSPs. This has had a negative impact on the financial stability and capacity of WSPs to expand their services. Further, COVID-19 imposed significant financial constraints on WSPs. 18 12. Service gaps and inefficiencies are larger in rural areas. Most rural water supply systems fall outside the jurisdiction of licensed WSPs. Such schemes are operated by unregulated community groups, with tariffs that do not reflect actual costs and revenues that are not well monitored. The result is unreliable service provision and frequent non - functionality of these schemes. A more sustainable operation and financing model for rural WSPs is required to improve their efficiency and enable them to increase operating cost coverage, thus expanding services to more rural households. 14 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ). 15 The average water volume per capita in Kakuma camp is 12. 75 litres per capita per day, decreasing to only 6 litres per day in Kalobeyei. Compared to refugees, the host communities have even lower access levels. 16 There are about 87 public and three privately owned WSPs that are licensed and regulated by WASREB. 17 WASREB. 2022. A Performance Report of Kenya \u2019 s Water Services Sector - 2020 / 21. 18 For instance, revenues declined by 40 percent between February and April 2020.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1198, + 1233, + "named" + ], + [ + 1198, + 1203, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1236, + 1240, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1251, + 1282, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data description" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1297, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1374, + 1383, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A more sustainable operation and financing model for rural WSPs is required to improve their efficiency and enable them to increase operating cost coverage, thus expanding services to more rural households. 14 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ). 15 The average water volume per capita in Kakuma camp is 12.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Kenya Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows citation format indicating a data source", + "reflects a structured demographic data collection", + "clearly identified as a census, which is a recognized dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Kenya Population and Housing Census' is clearly referenced as a specific source of data due to the citation format '(2019)' that typically follows empirical datasets. The term aligns with established definitions of datasets, as it refers to a structured collection of demographic data used for analysis. It doesn't strictly read as a project name or a tool but directly implies a data collection effort. Some potential confusion arises from the capitalization and the formal nature of the phrase, as it can be perceived as a title of a project or initiative, but the context strongly supports its identification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention correctly represents a dataset because it refers to a structured and formal data collection (the census) used for analyses and it follows the proper citation style indicating it is a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "012_BOSIB-9a6accb6-73d1-4bd1-8307-d41a339a51ab", + "page": 47, + "text": "Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Rural water supply schemes constructed under the program that adopt a WASH plus approach ( provide water for multiple productive uses beyond doemstic portable water supply ) ( Number ) Description This indicator measures the number of rural water schemes constructed by each county that provide water for productive uses such as irrigation and so on beyond domestic portable water supply. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Climate-vulnerable households provided with access to improved water services ( Number ) DLI Description This indicator measures the cumulative number of households that have access to an improved water source constructed through the program. The definition of a household as applied in the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey ( KDHS ) applies. The KDHS indicates that the mean household size in rural areas is four people. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Sustainably functioning rural water supply schemes ( Number ) Description This indicator primarily measures the number of water schemes in the participating counties that are operated under an approved professional service provider model as per WASREB regulations. This is to ensure functionality of the schemes with functionality defined in the POM. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1265, + 1300, + "named" + ], + [ + 1260, + 1264, + "Kenya Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1303, + 1307, + "Kenya Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1323, + 1327, + "Kenya Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1396, + "Kenya Demographic and Health Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Climate-vulnerable households provided with access to improved water services ( Number ) DLI Description This indicator measures the cumulative number of households that have access to an improved water source constructed through the program. The definition of a household as applied in the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey ( KDHS ) applies. The KDHS indicates that the mean household size in rural areas is four people.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Kenya Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated with data sources", + "mentioned as a source for defining household parameters", + "described using structured data indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the 'Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS)' is explicitly referenced to define the concept of a household in the context of a measurement. It is invoked in relation to demographic and health indicators, which implies it serves as a structured dataset in this instance. Although it can bring to mind aspects of a project or system (being a coordinated survey effort), the text's framing implies it is used as a data source, particularly since it defines a clear metric measured (the household size). The mention of the KDHS here aligns well with how datasets are typically described: they provide structured records that can be referenced reliably in analysis. This reasoning leads to the decision to classify it as a dataset rather than just a project or survey effort that promotes the generation of data. The confusion for models may originate from the project-like nature of comprehensive surveys \u2014 they have methodologies and systems producing data but, in this specific instance, the KDHS is acting as a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Kenya Demographic and Health Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it is used to provide specific, structured data for household definitions, which directly informs data analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "012_BOSIB-9a6accb6-73d1-4bd1-8307-d41a339a51ab", + "page": 47, + "text": "Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Rural water supply schemes constructed under the program that adopt a WASH plus approach ( provide water for multiple productive uses beyond doemstic portable water supply ) ( Number ) Description This indicator measures the number of rural water schemes constructed by each county that provide water for productive uses such as irrigation and so on beyond domestic portable water supply. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Climate-vulnerable households provided with access to improved water services ( Number ) DLI Description This indicator measures the cumulative number of households that have access to an improved water source constructed through the program. The definition of a household as applied in the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey ( KDHS ) applies. The KDHS indicates that the mean household size in rural areas is four people. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Sustainably functioning rural water supply schemes ( Number ) Description This indicator primarily measures the number of water schemes in the participating counties that are operated under an approved professional service provider model as per WASREB regulations. This is to ensure functionality of the schemes with functionality defined in the POM. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1323, + 1327, + "named" + ], + [ + 1260, + 1264, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1396, + "KDHS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The definition of a household as applied in the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey ( KDHS ) applies. The KDHS indicates that the mean household size in rural areas is four people. Frequency Annual measurement Data source County Government Water Department M & E records Methodology for Data Collection Qualitative inspections and quantitative data collection using M & E protocols defined in the POM Responsibility for Data Collection County Government Water Department Sustainably functioning rural water supply schemes ( Number ) Description This indicator primarily measures the number of water schemes in the participating counties that are operated under an approved professional service provider model as per WASREB regulations.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of demographic and health data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a health survey", + "described explicitly with its application and findings", + "involved in data collection methodologies" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'KDHS' is clearly defined and referenced as the 'Kenya Demographic and Health Survey', which indicates that it is used as a source for demographic and health data analysis. The context elaborates on its specific application, such as measuring the mean household size, which solidifies its role as a dataset in this scenario. While 'KDHS' could theoretically be seen as a project or system, the context strongly focuses on its data contents and findings, rather than just its administrative aspects. The model may have confused 'KDHS' as a dataset due to its capitalization and formal mention in a structured process, reinforcing its status as a recognized source of data, akin to an established dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "KDHS is treated as a dataset here because it is defined and utilized in the context of collecting and reporting health and demographic data, rather than merely referring to an administrative project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 11, + "text": "Gender disparities in Ethiopia, including in access to economic opportunities for women, are profound. The 2022 Global Gender Gap report ranked Ethiopia 74 out of 146 countries and 15 in Africa. The rank drops to 112 for economic participation and opportunities and to 133 for educational attainment. 6 The 2022 Global Findex Survey7 found 1 International Monetary Fund, 2023. Website, accessed November 14th: imf. org / en / Countries / ETH # featured 2 Drought is the most destructive climate-related natural hazard. Through 2100, there is a likely 20 percent increase in extreme high rainfall events. Flash floods and seasonal river floods are becoming more frequent and widespread. World Bank, 2021, Ethiopia Climate Risk Profile. 3 This is particularly due to dependence on key sectors that are highly affected by climate change such as agriculture, water, tourism, and forestry ( World Food Programme. Ethiopia Annual Country Report 2022 ). 4 Ethiopia Country Climate Development Report, 2023, draft, World Bank. 5 World Bank, 2021, Ethiopia Climate Risk Profile. 6 World Economic Forum. 2022. Global Gender Gap Report, published July 2022. URL: https: / / www3. weforum. org / docs / WEF_GGGR_2022. pdf. 7 World Bank. 2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the age of COVID-19. https: / / www. worldbank. org / en / publication / globalfindex # sec1.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1235, + 1257, + "named" + ], + [ + 22, + 30, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 107, + 111, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 686, + 696, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 698, + 702, + "Global Findex Database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 704, + 712, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 908, + 916, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 939, + 943, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 949, + 957, + "Global Findex Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1007, + 1017, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1021, + 1031, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1213, + 1223, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1258, + 1262, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1430, + 1448, + "Global Findex Database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2022. The Global Findex Database 2021: Financial Inclusion, Digital Payments, and Resilience in the age of COVID-19. https: / / www.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Global Findex Database is a structured collection of data on financial inclusion and digital payments, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described in a formal context indicating structured data", + "specific title suggests a comprehensive collection of data on financial topics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Global Findex Database' is presented as a formal title of a report (2021), described with key concepts like financial inclusion and digital payments. While the mention of a 'database' could cause some confusion, it specifically refers to a rich dataset that aggregates data relevant to these financial metrics rather than a mere project or MIS. The term is capitalized and indicative of a structured source of information. Thus there\u2019s a clear indication that it is recognized as a dataset, especially in economic and financial research contexts. It is less likely to be confused with a tool since it is mentioned in an authoritative format typical of datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Global Findex Database is classified as a dataset in this instance because it is referred to in a structured, formal context, indicating that it contains specific data on financial inclusion, thus serving as a relevant source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 13, + "text": "A Kebele ID is often required to access public and private services, obtain other IDs such as driver \u2019 s licenses and passports, and formal procedures like proving land ownership. 14 The features of the Kebele ID vary by kebele, but they generally display handwritten demographic information and address and include a stapled photo. 13. According to the 2017 ID4D-Findex Survey, 36 percent of the population aged 18 and older lack a Kebele ID, with a significant gender gap of 46 percent of women lacking one compared to 25 percent of men, creating barriers for a large portion of people to access services and economic opportunities. Kebele ID coverage reaches 70 percent for adults older than 25 and 80 percent for the highest income quintile. Obtaining a Kebele ID often requires residing in a location for a minimum period ( for example, six months ), which leads to exclusion of internal migrants and refugees. Being tied to residence also means that a Kebele ID cannot serve as a continuous identification throughout the life of an individual, as one may move. Most Kebele IDs display holder \u2019 s ethnicity, which is a potential source of discrimination. The lack of uniformity among the forms of Kebele ID cards and the ease of forgery add substantial identity risks for service providers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 359, + 377, + "named" + ], + [ + 354, + 358, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 397, + 425, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 677, + 697, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "13. According to the 2017 ID4D-Findex Survey, 36 percent of the population aged 18 and older lack a Kebele ID, with a significant gender gap of 46 percent of women lacking one compared to 25 percent of men, creating barriers for a large portion of people to access services and economic opportunities. Kebele ID coverage reaches 70 percent for adults older than 25 and 80 percent for the highest income quintile.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ID4D-Findex Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze the access and coverage of Kebele IDs among the population.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to' phrase", + "described as a survey", + "contains structured data about a population", + "functions as a primary source of statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'According to the 2017 ID4D-Findex Survey' clearly positions the survey as a reference point for the data presented. The subsequent information provided is structured and specific to the statistics gathered from this survey, indicating that it is indeed a collection of data specifically focused on Kebele IDs and their accessibility among different demographics. Unlike some cases where projects or systems are mentioned without clear indicators of them containing datasets, the term 'Survey' directly implies a systematic collection of data associated with research findings. The model may have been misled in other examples by the format of names (with capitalized terms) but here the context is unambiguous in showing the ID4D-Findex Survey as a dataset. Additionally, the term does not suggest it is merely a project or a management information system, as it is used in a way that emphasizes its function as a source of survey data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ID4D-Findex Survey' is explicitly described as a survey that provides structured data regarding Kebele ID access, making it a valid dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 14, + "text": "Political instability in the region, which remains unpredictable because of national and neighboring countries \u2019 political instability, conflict, and humanitarian crisis, risks future refugee inflows into Ethiopian territory, and these agreements will strengthen Ethiopia \u2019 s ability to prepare for these. 15 World Bank. ET - Health SDG Program for Results ( P123531 ) Implementation Completion Report ( ICR ) Review. https: / / documents1. worldbank. org / curated / en / 099041923195522835 / pdf / P1235310c601d00940959307b7687b4eccf. pdf. 16 The GoE ( RRS ) is now fine-tuning its draft pledges for the upcoming second GRF to be held in December 2023. It is expected that refugee inclusion in the Fayda Digital ID system will contribute toward filling identification-related gaps in the pledge implementation process. 17 Fayda is the official brand name of the Ethiopian digital identification initiative.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 700, + 723, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16 The GoE ( RRS ) is now fine-tuning its draft pledges for the upcoming second GRF to be held in December 2023. It is expected that refugee inclusion in the Fayda Digital ID system will contribute toward filling identification-related gaps in the pledge implementation process. 17 Fayda is the official brand name of the Ethiopian digital identification initiative.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "The Fayda Digital ID system is an initiative related to digital identification, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as an official brand name", + "does not refer to a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Fayda Digital ID system' is clearly identified as a project or initiative related to digital identification, rather than a dataset containing structured data for analysis. The term is explicitly referenced as the official brand name of a digital identification initiative and not in the context of data retrieval or analysis. Although it appears after the discussion on the Government of Ethiopia's draft pledges and may suggest data use, it does not indicate that the system itself constitutes a dataset. It is common for extraction models to misinterpret terminology such as 'system' or 'initiative' as datasets, particularly when they follow context about data use, but this requires careful evaluation of the surrounding text for clarity. Here, referencing the 'Fayda Digital ID system' as only a project name clarifies its role and indicates it should not be treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fayda Digital ID system' is not a dataset but rather a project or initiative related to digital identification, as indicated by its description and context." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 16, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 6 of 39 Proclamation, among others. The Data Protection Proclamation approved by the Council of Ministers in October 2023 and expected to be ratified by Parliament in 2024, is critical for further mitigating personal data protection risks. 22. NIDP has identified high-impact use cases for Fayda, especially links with and between financial inclusion and social protection, to improve lives and livelihoods. It has been engaging and establishing partnerships with various government agencies and businesses to understand their requirements and problems, as well as to engage with other countries to learn lessons and good practices. To this end, NIDP has signed several MoUs with banks, Ethio Telecom, and Safaricom and has engaged with the Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Education, and Ministry of Health, to collaborate on awareness raising and pilots. In the area of financial inclusion, the National Bank of Ethiopia ( NBE ) released a new directive in 2021 to strengthen know-your-customer ( KYC ) requirements across the financial sector to discern individual customer uniqueness for all transaction types. 23 This new requirement is overwhelming for both the banks and the people, both with and without a Kebele ID.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 377, + 382, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "22. NIDP has identified high-impact use cases for Fayda, especially links with and between financial inclusion and social protection, to improve lives and livelihoods. It has been engaging and establishing partnerships with various government agencies and businesses to understand their requirements and problems, as well as to engage with other countries to learn lessons and good practices.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to an initiative related to financial inclusion and social protection, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an initiative, not a data source", + "describes partnerships and engagements rather than data collection", + "does not follow phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Fayda', I considered the specific context surrounding it. The text describes 'Fayda' in terms of its high-impact use cases related to financial inclusion and social protection, emphasizing engagement with government agencies and businesses. This indicates that 'Fayda' is likely a project or initiative rather than a dataset. The absence of expressions like 'uses data from' or 'based on' further supports this conclusion, as there is no indication that 'Fayda' serves as a structured collection of data for analysis. Additionally, the descriptive nature of the surrounding text illuminates that 'Fayda' is about improving lives rather than being a direct source of data in a research context. A potential reason why a model might have flagged 'Fayda' as a dataset could be due to its capitalization, which makes it look like a proper name or data management system, coupled with its mention in a discussion of impactful use cases.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is not treated as a dataset, but rather as an initiative focused on financial inclusion and social protection." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 16, + "text": "Fayda, by providing a digitally verifiable ID, is envisioned to provide enough assurance to waive these controls, hence reducing costs, time, and risks associated with account opening and credit applications. This is particularly important as social assistance programs like the PSNP ( which can be gateways for financial inclusion ) are currently being digitalized with the transition to digital payments and a new management information system ( MIS ) to replace the current manual processes used to target and enroll beneficiaries. Fayda can also improve the integrity and transparency of this rather complex and currently paper-based safety nets delivery chain. There is also interest from the GoE to use Fayda to support microfinance for farmers and for providing ID to students ages 16 and older. This is being done to certify diplomas, community health insurance, public and private pensions, use of mobile money and microloans, and SIM card registration. 23. Fayda could also play an important role in realizing peace dividends in Ethiopia. First, at the social level, Fayda will enable all citizens and residents to exercise their rights related to having proof of their legal identity, and it will be the first universally accessible ID system that only focuses on individual identity, without collecting information on ethnicity nor religion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 5, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Fayda, by providing a digitally verifiable ID, is envisioned to provide enough assurance to waive these controls, hence reducing costs, time, and risks associated with account opening and credit applications. This is particularly important as social assistance programs like the PSNP ( which can be gateways for financial inclusion ) are currently being digitalized with the transition to digital payments and a new management information system ( MIS ) to replace the current manual processes used to target and enroll beneficiaries.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a digital ID program aimed at improving access to services and financial inclusion, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project for providing digital IDs", + "described as improving processes for account opening and credit applications", + "not enumerated alongside clear datasets or data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is explicitly positioned as a digital ID program rather than a structured dataset. The language indicates that it aims to facilitate processes related to social assistance and financial inclusion, but it does not imply that it contains a dataset in the traditional sense. Phrases like 'provide a digitally verifiable ID' and 'reducing costs, time, and risks associated with account opening' place emphasis on its role as a program or system. The lack of mention as a source of statistics, records, or indicators steers clear of it being a dataset. However, the model may have been misled by the capitalization and the context of digital systems, as it closely associates with structures that gather and manage data, which could be mistaken as a dataset. Descriptions relating to efficiency and evidence might have reinforced that association in the model's processing, leading to the extraction as a potential dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda' refers to a digital ID program aimed at facilitating access to financial services rather than serving as a concrete dataset or collection of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 16, + "text": "Fayda, by providing a digitally verifiable ID, is envisioned to provide enough assurance to waive these controls, hence reducing costs, time, and risks associated with account opening and credit applications. This is particularly important as social assistance programs like the PSNP ( which can be gateways for financial inclusion ) are currently being digitalized with the transition to digital payments and a new management information system ( MIS ) to replace the current manual processes used to target and enroll beneficiaries. Fayda can also improve the integrity and transparency of this rather complex and currently paper-based safety nets delivery chain. There is also interest from the GoE to use Fayda to support microfinance for farmers and for providing ID to students ages 16 and older. This is being done to certify diplomas, community health insurance, public and private pensions, use of mobile money and microloans, and SIM card registration. 23. Fayda could also play an important role in realizing peace dividends in Ethiopia. First, at the social level, Fayda will enable all citizens and residents to exercise their rights related to having proof of their legal identity, and it will be the first universally accessible ID system that only focuses on individual identity, without collecting information on ethnicity nor religion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 709, + 714, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Fayda can also improve the integrity and transparency of this rather complex and currently paper-based safety nets delivery chain. There is also interest from the GoE to use Fayda to support microfinance for farmers and for providing ID to students ages 16 and older. This is being done to certify diplomas, community health insurance, public and private pensions, use of mobile money and microloans, and SIM card registration.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda is described as a digital ID system and program aimed at improving identity verification and access to services, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system, not as a data source", + "described in terms of improving identity verification and access to services", + "involved in various applications but not characterizing its own structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Fayda' is referred to as a digital ID system that enhances the integrity and transparency of a complex delivery chain. The focus is on its role in facilitating identity verification and supporting various socio-economic initiatives, rather than on it being a structured collection of data. This description positions 'Fayda' more as a program or system that utilizes data rather than as a dataset itself. The extraction model might have been confused due to the use of terms such as 'support' and its integral role in managing services, which often leads to the association with data collection. However, since it is explicitly being described as a system rather than a concrete dataset, it should not be classified as such in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Fayda is better seen as a digital ID system rather than a dataset, as it focuses on identity verification and service access rather than acting as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 16, + "text": "Fayda, by providing a digitally verifiable ID, is envisioned to provide enough assurance to waive these controls, hence reducing costs, time, and risks associated with account opening and credit applications. This is particularly important as social assistance programs like the PSNP ( which can be gateways for financial inclusion ) are currently being digitalized with the transition to digital payments and a new management information system ( MIS ) to replace the current manual processes used to target and enroll beneficiaries. Fayda can also improve the integrity and transparency of this rather complex and currently paper-based safety nets delivery chain. There is also interest from the GoE to use Fayda to support microfinance for farmers and for providing ID to students ages 16 and older. This is being done to certify diplomas, community health insurance, public and private pensions, use of mobile money and microloans, and SIM card registration. 23. Fayda could also play an important role in realizing peace dividends in Ethiopia. First, at the social level, Fayda will enable all citizens and residents to exercise their rights related to having proof of their legal identity, and it will be the first universally accessible ID system that only focuses on individual identity, without collecting information on ethnicity nor religion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1077, + 1082, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Fayda could also play an important role in realizing peace dividends in Ethiopia. First, at the social level, Fayda will enable all citizens and residents to exercise their rights related to having proof of their legal identity, and it will be the first universally accessible ID system that only focuses on individual identity, without collecting information on ethnicity nor religion.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda is described as a digital ID system and program aimed at improving identity verification and access to services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a digital ID system", + "focuses on individual identity", + "not mentioned as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In my evaluation of the term 'Fayda,' the context clearly indicates that it is not being referred to as a dataset but rather as a digital identity system aimed at improving identity verification. The phrases focus on its role in social empowerment and access to services rather than a structured database of records or statistics. The confusion arises because 'Fayda' might be capitalized and seems like a proper name, leading the model to think it could be a dataset. However, the text does not present it as a source of data nor mention it in connection with concrete data points or analysis. Instead, it is referred to solely as a system or program designed to assist citizens in establishing their identities, which is an infrastructure rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Fayda is not considered a dataset in this context because it is described as a digital ID system rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 16, + "text": "Furthermore, as a national system ( compared to a collection of kebele systems ), it can create a sense of belonging and will have a consistent look and feel, providing equal access to services for all registered persons. Second, the Fayda ID system can foster inclusion and shared prosperity by improving access to services and economic opportunities. As a digital system, Fayda will enable the Government, businesses, and civil society to harness digital technologies to make products and services more inclusive and human centered. 24. The World Bank, through ID4D, has been providing technical assistance to the GoE on ID issues since 2016, and modest financing for upstream activities through Digital Foundations Project ( P171034 ) since 2021. An ID4D Diagnostic was completed in 201724 and updated in 2019. In 2020, a legal assessment was carried out, which contributed to the Principles and Governance Structure of the National Identity Program published by the GoE. The ID4D technical assistance also contributed to the development of the Digital ID Proclamation, now adopted.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 234, + 249, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Furthermore, as a national system ( compared to a collection of kebele systems ), it can create a sense of belonging and will have a consistent look and feel, providing equal access to services for all registered persons. Second, the Fayda ID system can foster inclusion and shared prosperity by improving access to services and economic opportunities. As a digital system, Fayda will enable the Government, businesses, and civil society to harness digital technologies to make products and services more inclusive and human centered.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Fayda ID system refers to a digital identity system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a digital system", + "not referenced as a data source", + "focuses on fostering inclusion and access to services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the \"Fayda ID system\" is clearly identified as a national system meant to provide identity services and improve access to resources and opportunities. The description emphasizes its role as a digital identity system rather than as a dataset itself. There are no indications that it functions as a collection of structured data meant for analysis or research; rather, it is referenced as infrastructure supporting digital services and community integration. The model may have flagged this term as a dataset due to its formal naming and possibly seeing it as a 'system' that might contain records, but in the context, it is not being treated as a concrete data source. The confusion might come from the way 'system' is often associated with data collection, even though here it is about facilitating access and identity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fayda ID system' operates as a digital identity infrastructure and is not explicitly mentioned as a data source; therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 20, + "text": "Funds will be used for supporting: ( i ) the design, development, and maintenance of appropriate software for Fayda and back-end operations, including upgrading and scaling up existing Fayda systems; ( ii ) developing a mobile ID application incorporating a consented data-sharing function and a digital wallet; ( iii ) supporting system integration and interoperability with other sectoral systems; iv ) procuring software, licenses, and subscriptions for automated biometric identification systems; ( v ) software development kits for registration and authentication processes; ( vi ) ID card personalization and lifecycle management; ( vii ) the short message service; ( viii ) public key infrastructure for encrypting and digitally-signing data; and ( ix ) back-office systems such as enterprise resource planning tools, business intelligence and data analysis tools for monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ), and x ) various collaboration tools. 39. Subcomponent 2. 2 \u2013 Supporting development of data infrastructure ( US $ 15 million IDA, US $ 3 million WHR ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 110, + 115, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Funds will be used for supporting: ( i ) the design, development, and maintenance of appropriate software for Fayda and back-end operations, including upgrading and scaling up existing Fayda systems; ( ii ) developing a mobile ID application incorporating a consented data-sharing function and a digital wallet; ( iii ) supporting system integration and interoperability with other sectoral systems; iv ) procuring software, licenses, and subscriptions for automated biometric identification systems; ( v ) software development kits for registration and authentication processes; ( vi ) ID card personalization and lifecycle management; ( vii ) the short message service; ( viii ) public key infrastructure for encrypting and digitally-signing data; and ( ix ) back-office systems such as enterprise resource planning tools, business intelligence and data analysis tools for monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ), and x ) various collaboration tools. 39.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program or initiative focused on software development and system integration, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a software initiative", + "described in the context of back-end operations", + "enumerated among other system development tasks", + "not referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is framed as a software development initiative or program, focusing on backend operations and system integration, rather than as a defined dataset. The phrasing indicates that the funds will be allocated for the development of software associated with 'Fayda', suggesting it is a system or project rather than a structured compilation of data. It is mentioned alongside many other technical tasks, none of which imply that it constitutes a dataset. The model could have misinterpreted 'Fayda' as a dataset due to its capitalized nature and the preceding context of funding for technology initiatives, which may lead one to infer it is a significant point of reference for data management, but ultimately it does not function as a dataset in this context. The lack of explicit presentation as a data source, coupled with the emphasis on software development and integration, supports the conclusion that 'Fayda' is better classified as a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Fayda represents a software initiative rather than a structured dataset, as it is referenced in the context of development and integration tasks without indicating that it serves as a defined collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 20, + "text": "Funds will be used for supporting: ( i ) the design, development, and maintenance of appropriate software for Fayda and back-end operations, including upgrading and scaling up existing Fayda systems; ( ii ) developing a mobile ID application incorporating a consented data-sharing function and a digital wallet; ( iii ) supporting system integration and interoperability with other sectoral systems; iv ) procuring software, licenses, and subscriptions for automated biometric identification systems; ( v ) software development kits for registration and authentication processes; ( vi ) ID card personalization and lifecycle management; ( vii ) the short message service; ( viii ) public key infrastructure for encrypting and digitally-signing data; and ( ix ) back-office systems such as enterprise resource planning tools, business intelligence and data analysis tools for monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ), and x ) various collaboration tools. 39. Subcomponent 2. 2 \u2013 Supporting development of data infrastructure ( US $ 15 million IDA, US $ 3 million WHR ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 185, + 190, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Funds will be used for supporting: ( i ) the design, development, and maintenance of appropriate software for Fayda and back-end operations, including upgrading and scaling up existing Fayda systems; ( ii ) developing a mobile ID application incorporating a consented data-sharing function and a digital wallet; ( iii ) supporting system integration and interoperability with other sectoral systems; iv ) procuring software, licenses, and subscriptions for automated biometric identification systems; ( v ) software development kits for registration and authentication processes; ( vi ) ID card personalization and lifecycle management; ( vii ) the short message service; ( viii ) public key infrastructure for encrypting and digitally-signing data; and ( ix ) back-office systems such as enterprise resource planning tools, business intelligence and data analysis tools for monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ), and x ) various collaboration tools. 39.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program or initiative focused on software development and system integration, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "describes software and systems rather than a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Fayda' seems to be referenced in relation to its role as a program or initiative that involves software design, development, and system integration. The phrases regarding 'the design, development, and maintenance of appropriate software for Fayda' indicate that the term is being used to describe a broader project or framework rather than a specific dataset. The lack of explicit mentions of datasets or data sources in conjunction with this term further strengthens the interpretation that Fayda is not a dataset in this context. A model might have mistakenly classified it as a dataset based on its capitalization, suggesting it could be a proper noun or main subject of a project, and due to the contextual phrases that imply data management functions. However, a closer examination reveals that it serves as an overarching system or initiative rather than a concrete source of structured data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Fayda refers to a project focused on software and system operations rather than a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 13 of 39 Oromia, and Afar have flooded fields, schools, and public institutions. 35 The roll out of Fayda and the planned interoperability with civil registration will improve the Government \u2019 s ability to offer digital services that require proof of vital events, such as for emergency cash transfers following climate shocks ( floods and drought ) 36. The provision of unique identifier will assist the layering of services and support packages ( cash plus ) on climate change vulnerable households by various partners which will better facilitate building the resilience of households from the impact of climate change. 43. Subcomponent 3. 1 \u2013 Supporting mass registration and issuance of physical IDs to Ethiopian residents ( US $ 190 million IDA ). This subcomponent will support a mass registration through registration partners, super agents, and Fayda centers to produce and distribute IDs to up to 90 million nationals and nonnationals, including disadvantaged groups, such as women, girls, and persons with disabilities ( except for refugees and host communities, which are funded by Subcomponent 3. 2 ). It will also support the transition to a steady state through the establishment of permanent Fayda centers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 187, + 192, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 13 of 39 Oromia, and Afar have flooded fields, schools, and public institutions. 35 The roll out of Fayda and the planned interoperability with civil registration will improve the Government \u2019 s ability to offer digital services that require proof of vital events, such as for emergency cash transfers following climate shocks ( floods and drought ) 36. The provision of unique identifier will assist the layering of services and support packages ( cash plus ) on climate change vulnerable households by various partners which will better facilitate building the resilience of households from the impact of climate change.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at mass registration and issuance of physical IDs, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project aimed at mass registration", + "described in the context of improving government services", + "does not indicate a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Fayda' appears in a context that clearly describes it as a project related to the digital identification of individuals for government services. It is positioned alongside descriptions of its aims and outcomes, such as improving governmental capabilities and providing unique identifiers for service layering. There are no references in the text suggesting that it functions as a dataset or that it stores structured data that can be analyzed independently. The extraction model may have misinterpreted 'Fayda' as a dataset due to its formal name and the context of being involved in digital services, which could lead one to consider it as a data source. However, the lack of reference to any dataset characteristics, like organized records or data collection, indicates that it behaves more as a project than a dataset. This becomes clearer when noting that it is not referenced as containing data for analysis, but as a means to facilitate data access and services. Thus, it should be classified as a project under this context rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is classified as a project and not a dataset because it refers to an initiative for mass registration and digital identification rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 13 of 39 Oromia, and Afar have flooded fields, schools, and public institutions. 35 The roll out of Fayda and the planned interoperability with civil registration will improve the Government \u2019 s ability to offer digital services that require proof of vital events, such as for emergency cash transfers following climate shocks ( floods and drought ) 36. The provision of unique identifier will assist the layering of services and support packages ( cash plus ) on climate change vulnerable households by various partners which will better facilitate building the resilience of households from the impact of climate change. 43. Subcomponent 3. 1 \u2013 Supporting mass registration and issuance of physical IDs to Ethiopian residents ( US $ 190 million IDA ). This subcomponent will support a mass registration through registration partners, super agents, and Fayda centers to produce and distribute IDs to up to 90 million nationals and nonnationals, including disadvantaged groups, such as women, girls, and persons with disabilities ( except for refugees and host communities, which are funded by Subcomponent 3. 2 ). It will also support the transition to a steady state through the establishment of permanent Fayda centers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 941, + 946, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 \u2013 Supporting mass registration and issuance of physical IDs to Ethiopian residents ( US $ 190 million IDA ). This subcomponent will support a mass registration through registration partners, super agents, and Fayda centers to produce and distribute IDs to up to 90 million nationals and nonnationals, including disadvantaged groups, such as women, girls, and persons with disabilities ( except for refugees and host communities, which are funded by Subcomponent 3. 2 ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at mass registration and issuance of physical IDs, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a program for mass registration", + "focused on issuance of physical IDs", + "mentioned in the context of ID distribution, not data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "\"Fayda\" is positioned within the context of a broader initiative aimed at mass registration and the issuance of ID cards. The language in the surrounding text clearly indicates that it is a program or subcomponent rather than a dataset itself. There are no references to it as a source of collected structured data or as a repository of records, which typically characterizes a dataset. Given that it is specifically framed as supporting mass registration efforts, and does not invoke data analysis or insights derived from a dataset, it seems more appropriate to classify it as a project name rather than a concrete data source. The model may have been confused by the capitalization and its formal framing in the context, which can make it appear like it could be a system or dataset, especially if it is mentioned in a list. However, this confusion is resolved by closely examining the role it plays in the text.\"", + "llm_summary_contextual": "\"Fayda\" is identified as part of a program for mass registration and ID issuance, not as a dataset. Its context emphasizes its function in facilitating ID distribution rather than serving as a structured data collection, which is why it should not be treated as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 13 of 39 Oromia, and Afar have flooded fields, schools, and public institutions. 35 The roll out of Fayda and the planned interoperability with civil registration will improve the Government \u2019 s ability to offer digital services that require proof of vital events, such as for emergency cash transfers following climate shocks ( floods and drought ) 36. The provision of unique identifier will assist the layering of services and support packages ( cash plus ) on climate change vulnerable households by various partners which will better facilitate building the resilience of households from the impact of climate change. 43. Subcomponent 3. 1 \u2013 Supporting mass registration and issuance of physical IDs to Ethiopian residents ( US $ 190 million IDA ). This subcomponent will support a mass registration through registration partners, super agents, and Fayda centers to produce and distribute IDs to up to 90 million nationals and nonnationals, including disadvantaged groups, such as women, girls, and persons with disabilities ( except for refugees and host communities, which are funded by Subcomponent 3. 2 ). It will also support the transition to a steady state through the establishment of permanent Fayda centers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1295, + 1300, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 ). It will also support the transition to a steady state through the establishment of permanent Fayda centers.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at mass registration and issuance of physical IDs, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' refers to a project aimed at mass registration and the issuance of physical IDs, rather than a dataset itself. The mention does not indicate that it holds structured data or serves as a primary source of data for analysis. The text uses 'Fayda' in a way that suggests it is more of a program or initiative than a concrete collection of data. This distinction is crucial because while the Fayda project may involve data collection, it is more accurate to classify 'Fayda' as an infrastructure or initiative that may utilize datasets rather than being a dataset itself. The model may have been confused by the capitalization and how 'Fayda' could be perceived as a proper noun akin to a dataset name, especially in research contexts where projects are sometimes discussed in ways that imply they have underlying data structures.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a project focused on ID registration rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 23, + "text": "This subcomponent will support NIDP, in collaboration with UNHCR and RRS, to prioritize registration and ID issuance, through registration partner and Fayda center channels, to host communities and refugees in regions where large populations of refugees exist, namely Gambella, Somali, Benishangul - Gumuz, Afar, Tigray, 38 and Amhara, as well as urban refugees in Addis Ababa. This is estimated to cover up to 1. 7 million persons in host communities and up to 924, 000 refugees. 39 NIDP will work closely with RRS and UNHCR to utilize existing and upcoming initiatives for issuing and renewing refugee ID cards. This involves reusing biographic and biometric data collected by RRS through the UNHCR ProGres system for Fayda registration. NIDP will also develop registration strategies for individuals who require to be \u2018 introduced \u2019 by a witness in the absence of supporting documentation ( for example, due to delay in issuance of refugee cards ). Fayda will not substitute existing documents issued to refugees ( refugee ID card, proof of registration, and so on ) but will be used as a complementary form of identification. 35 Floodlist 2023. Ethiopia-Flooding Continues in Several Regions, Displacing Thousands and Threatening Food Security. htps: / / floodlist. com / africa / ethiopia-floods-may-2023 36 Governments must respond quickly to climate or other shocks and provide emergency assistance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 695, + 715, + "named" + ], + [ + 59, + 64, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> publisher" + ], + [ + 268, + 276, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 278, + 284, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 286, + 305, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 307, + 311, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 313, + 319, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 328, + 334, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 365, + 376, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 520, + 525, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> publisher" + ], + [ + 636, + 665, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> data description" + ], + [ + 695, + 700, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1143, + 1147, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1422, + 1440, + "UNHCR ProGres system <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "39 NIDP will work closely with RRS and UNHCR to utilize existing and upcoming initiatives for issuing and renewing refugee ID cards. This involves reusing biographic and biometric data collected by RRS through the UNHCR ProGres system for Fayda registration. NIDP will also develop registration strategies for individuals who require to be \u2018 introduced \u2019 by a witness in the absence of supporting documentation ( for example, due to delay in issuance of refugee cards ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The UNHCR ProGres system is a structured database used for managing biographic and biometric data related to refugees, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "system is primarily a management information system", + "described as a tool for managing biographic and biometric data", + "no direct mention of it being a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'UNHCR ProGres system' clearly refers to a management information system rather than directly representing a dataset. The text describes its function in utilizing and managing refugee biographic and biometric data rather than providing a standalone dataset for analytical purposes. While the model may have inferred it as a dataset because it manages data and is capitalized like a proper name, it operates more as a tool or infrastructure for storing data rather than being an independent dataset itself. The potential confusion arises from its mention after phrases that imply data usage, but it lacks explicit representation as a 'data source' or 'dataset.' The evaluative criteria leaned towards it being categorized as a system due to its functional role rather than as a concrete dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UNHCR ProGres system' in this context is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system used to manage and collect data on refugees." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 23, + "text": "This subcomponent will support NIDP, in collaboration with UNHCR and RRS, to prioritize registration and ID issuance, through registration partner and Fayda center channels, to host communities and refugees in regions where large populations of refugees exist, namely Gambella, Somali, Benishangul - Gumuz, Afar, Tigray, 38 and Amhara, as well as urban refugees in Addis Ababa. This is estimated to cover up to 1. 7 million persons in host communities and up to 924, 000 refugees. 39 NIDP will work closely with RRS and UNHCR to utilize existing and upcoming initiatives for issuing and renewing refugee ID cards. This involves reusing biographic and biometric data collected by RRS through the UNHCR ProGres system for Fayda registration. NIDP will also develop registration strategies for individuals who require to be \u2018 introduced \u2019 by a witness in the absence of supporting documentation ( for example, due to delay in issuance of refugee cards ). Fayda will not substitute existing documents issued to refugees ( refugee ID card, proof of registration, and so on ) but will be used as a complementary form of identification. 35 Floodlist 2023. Ethiopia-Flooding Continues in Several Regions, Displacing Thousands and Threatening Food Security. htps: / / floodlist. com / africa / ethiopia-floods-may-2023 36 Governments must respond quickly to climate or other shocks and provide emergency assistance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 720, + 725, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "39 NIDP will work closely with RRS and UNHCR to utilize existing and upcoming initiatives for issuing and renewing refugee ID cards. This involves reusing biographic and biometric data collected by RRS through the UNHCR ProGres system for Fayda registration. NIDP will also develop registration strategies for individuals who require to be \u2018 introduced \u2019 by a witness in the absence of supporting documentation ( for example, due to delay in issuance of refugee cards ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program for registration and ID issuance, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project for registration and ID issuance", + "described as utilizing existing data from RRS and UNHCR ProGres system", + "does not appear as a data source but rather as a program" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is specifically mentioned as an initiative related to the process of issuing refugee ID cards rather than as a collection of data. The phrasing indicates that it is more of a project or program aimed at operationalizing certain processes, which includes the reuse of data from another system (the UNHCR ProGres system). The confusion for a model might arise from the presence of accompanying phrases like 'utilize existing and upcoming initiatives' and 'requires data to process registration', which can make it seem like Fayda is a data entity. However, closer examination reveals that 'Fayda' lacks the characteristics of a dataset, such as being a structured collection of records or statistics on its own. This distinction is essential, as datasets themselves serve as the sources of raw data, while Fayda is a project designed to facilitate processes related to that data. Therefore, it does not meet the criteria for being classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda' is not a dataset in this context as it refers to an initiative for managing registration processes rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 24, + "text": "This component will support carrying out the following program of activities designed to increase usage of Fayda and to transform service delivery by integrating authentication and e-KYC into priority sectors, as well as developing an Ethiopia Digital Stack of platforms and APIs to support public and private sector service providers build better systems. 47. Subcomponent 4. 1 \u2013 Supporting the integration of Fayda ( US $ 12 million IDA, US $ 15 million WHR ). This subcomponent will fund the integration of Fayda authentication and e-KYC, and the data exchange platform supported under Subcomponent 4. 2 into priority services in the public and private sectors, which will be determined by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ) based on the variables of population reach, impact, and feasibility. The initial priority sectors have been defined as social protection ( registration and identity verification of safety nets beneficiaries, financial inclusion ( opening of a bank account and e-KYC ), education ( student ID ), and health ( links with civil registration, health records, and insurance ). The ability to verify the identity of beneficiaries combined with financial inclusion schemes are core enablers for public cash transfers responding to climate and other shocks. 48. Subcomponent 4. 2 - Developing an Ethiopia Digital Stack ( US $ 8 million IDA ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 107, + 112, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This component will support carrying out the following program of activities designed to increase usage of Fayda and to transform service delivery by integrating authentication and e-KYC into priority sectors, as well as developing an Ethiopia Digital Stack of platforms and APIs to support public and private sector service providers build better systems. 47.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at integrating authentication and e-KYC services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program rather than a data source", + "focus on integrating services rather than providing data records", + "does not describe structured records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Fayda', it's clear from the context that it is not being treated as a dataset but rather as a program designed to facilitate the integration of authentication and electronic Know Your Customer (e-KYC) services. The mention of 'program of activities' implies a broader set of initiatives rather than a structured collection of data. While it might contain data underlying its operational elements, in this instance, it is not directly referred to as a data source or a dataset itself. The model might have been misled by the capitalization of 'Fayda' and the presence of project-based framing, which often accompanies references to datasets. However, since the term is explicitly tied to a programmatic context rather than a data-driven one, it becomes clearer that the extraction should not label it as a dataset. The confusion may arise from the term's formal naming and its placement within a sentence that discusses technology and systems, which could imply data but does not deliver it in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Fayda is not structured or treated as a dataset in this context; it refers to a program focused on service integration, not data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 24, + "text": "This component will support carrying out the following program of activities designed to increase usage of Fayda and to transform service delivery by integrating authentication and e-KYC into priority sectors, as well as developing an Ethiopia Digital Stack of platforms and APIs to support public and private sector service providers build better systems. 47. Subcomponent 4. 1 \u2013 Supporting the integration of Fayda ( US $ 12 million IDA, US $ 15 million WHR ). This subcomponent will fund the integration of Fayda authentication and e-KYC, and the data exchange platform supported under Subcomponent 4. 2 into priority services in the public and private sectors, which will be determined by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ) based on the variables of population reach, impact, and feasibility. The initial priority sectors have been defined as social protection ( registration and identity verification of safety nets beneficiaries, financial inclusion ( opening of a bank account and e-KYC ), education ( student ID ), and health ( links with civil registration, health records, and insurance ). The ability to verify the identity of beneficiaries combined with financial inclusion schemes are core enablers for public cash transfers responding to climate and other shocks. 48. Subcomponent 4. 2 - Developing an Ethiopia Digital Stack ( US $ 8 million IDA ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 510, + 515, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 \u2013 Supporting the integration of Fayda ( US $ 12 million IDA, US $ 15 million WHR ). This subcomponent will fund the integration of Fayda authentication and e-KYC, and the data exchange platform supported under Subcomponent 4. 2 into priority services in the public and private sectors, which will be determined by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ) based on the variables of population reach, impact, and feasibility.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at integrating authentication and e-KYC services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as integration of services", + "related to authentication and e-KYC", + "not described as a data source or containing records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is not presented as a dataset but rather as a project or program aimed at utilizing authentication and electronic Know Your Customer (e-KYC) services. The phrases surrounding it indicate its role in integration and not as a structured collection of data. There are no explicit references suggesting that 'Fayda' itself contains data in sortable formats or is being used as a primary analytical dataset, which is typically what one would expect from a dataset. However, since 'Fayda' could potentially be interpreted as a management information system or platform related to data exchange, this might lead models to misclassify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda' is identified more as a project focused on integrating services rather than a concrete dataset, as it does not function as a primary source of data in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 25, + "text": "The other beneficiaries are public and private service providers. Fayda and the Ethiopia Digital Stack will enable public and private sector service providers to reduce the costs and risks of delivering services. More innovative products and services will be built by leveraging new functionalities that would allow a shift to online channels instead of depending on brick-and-mortar service delivery channels. The GoE will benefit from reduced fraud and leakages, including in social protection and subsidy programs, through the ability, for the first time, to uniquely identify and securely verify individuals. D. Results Chain Figure 2. Project Results Chain E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 52. The World Bank brings deep knowledge and international experience related to the development of inclusive and trusted identification and civil registration systems and harnessing these for development. Through the ID4D", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 66, + 71, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The other beneficiaries are public and private service providers. Fayda and the Ethiopia Digital Stack will enable public and private sector service providers to reduce the costs and risks of delivering services. More innovative products and services will be built by leveraging new functionalities that would allow a shift to online channels instead of depending on brick-and-mortar service delivery channels.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program aimed at improving service delivery and identification systems, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project aimed at improving service delivery", + "not described as a data source or repository", + "does not follow a phrase indicating data use" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In analyzing the term 'Fayda,' it is essential to note that the text positions it as a program or initiative designed to enhance service delivery rather than describing it as a structured dataset. The context presents 'Fayda' alongside 'the Ethiopia Digital Stack,' indicating that it is part of a broader solution for service providers rather than a distinct collection of data. There are no phrases like 'uses data from' or explicit references to 'records' or 'datasets.' Moreover, project names or schemes can sometimes confuse models into thinking they are datasets if presented without clear indicators of their function. In this case, 'Fayda' behaves more like a project or system than a dataset, so it does not fit the definition of a dataset in a research context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is not a dataset, as it is described as a project aimed at improving service delivery, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 25, + "text": "The other beneficiaries are public and private service providers. Fayda and the Ethiopia Digital Stack will enable public and private sector service providers to reduce the costs and risks of delivering services. More innovative products and services will be built by leveraging new functionalities that would allow a shift to online channels instead of depending on brick-and-mortar service delivery channels. The GoE will benefit from reduced fraud and leakages, including in social protection and subsidy programs, through the ability, for the first time, to uniquely identify and securely verify individuals. D. Results Chain Figure 2. Project Results Chain E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 52. The World Bank brings deep knowledge and international experience related to the development of inclusive and trusted identification and civil registration systems and harnessing these for development. Through the ID4D", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 80, + 102, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The other beneficiaries are public and private service providers. Fayda and the Ethiopia Digital Stack will enable public and private sector service providers to reduce the costs and risks of delivering services. More innovative products and services will be built by leveraging new functionalities that would allow a shift to online channels instead of depending on brick-and-mortar service delivery channels.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Digital Stack refers to an initiative aimed at improving service delivery and identification systems, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project initiative", + "described as enabling service delivery, not as a data source", + "no indication of it being a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Ethiopia Digital Stack' appears to refer to a strategic initiative or project designed to enhance service delivery, particularly in the public and private sectors. The phrasing suggests that it is not being treated as a dataset but rather as a framework or infrastructure that enables improved services. It does not seem to contain or function as a dataset itself, as there is no mention of it having structured records or statistics. Additionally, while there may be new functionalities that allow for online service delivery, this does not imply that 'Ethiopia Digital Stack' is a source of data, but rather that it's a tool or platform for implementing services effectively. Therefore, a model could have been misled by its prominence and the way it is presented in the text, potentially mistaking it for a dataset due to the focus on enabling functionalities, while it is fundamentally a project or initiative instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Ethiopia Digital Stack' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is described as a project aimed at improving service delivery rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 25, + "text": "The other beneficiaries are public and private service providers. Fayda and the Ethiopia Digital Stack will enable public and private sector service providers to reduce the costs and risks of delivering services. More innovative products and services will be built by leveraging new functionalities that would allow a shift to online channels instead of depending on brick-and-mortar service delivery channels. The GoE will benefit from reduced fraud and leakages, including in social protection and subsidy programs, through the ability, for the first time, to uniquely identify and securely verify individuals. D. Results Chain Figure 2. Project Results Chain E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 52. The World Bank brings deep knowledge and international experience related to the development of inclusive and trusted identification and civil registration systems and harnessing these for development. Through the ID4D", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 935, + 939, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank brings deep knowledge and international experience related to the development of inclusive and trusted identification and civil registration systems and harnessing these for development. Through the ID4D", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "ID4D refers to an initiative related to identification and civil registration systems, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project or initiative", + "not explicitly mentioned as a data source", + "part of a broader description of systems for civil registration" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'ID4D' refers to a project or initiative rather than a discrete dataset. In the provided text, 'ID4D' is presented in the context of the World Bank's work on identification and civil registration systems. The phrasing does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data but rather a reference to a program. The confusion may originate from the fact that the term is capitalized and sounds like it could be a comprehensive system, potentially leading an extraction model to think it is a dataset. Furthermore, no identifying phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' surface around 'ID4D' to clarify its nature. Therefore, it's essential to view this term strictly as a project rather than a dataset, hence my decisive judgment as it stands.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ID4D is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a project or initiative, not a specific structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 19 of 39 adoption. For example, authentication and e-KYC will be free for public and social impact services. Likewise, the project will continue to document generated savings and other benefits of adopting Fayda that will strengthen the case for the GoE to invest in continuous operating expenses. IV. PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY A. Technical, Economic and Financial Analysis 61. The project is expected to contribute to sustainable economic growth, through long-term cost savings, efficiency, and productivity gains, fueled by greater digital adoption by residents and businesses. 40 Digital ID holds the promise of enabling economic value creation by fostering increased inclusion, increasing formalization, and promoting digitalization of services. The project activities will ease access to identification for millions of Ethiopians and residents, including women, people with disabilities, refugees, and IDPs. The ability to prove one \u2019 s identity is often a prerequisite for accessing many public and private sector services. By addressing the gap of 36 percent in ID ownership ( the population lacking a current version of paper based Kebele ID, according to the 2018 ID4D-Findex Survey ), the project will contribute to removing some of the most basic barriers that people face. 62.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1255, + 1278, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The ability to prove one \u2019 s identity is often a prerequisite for accessing many public and private sector services. By addressing the gap of 36 percent in ID ownership ( the population lacking a current version of paper based Kebele ID, according to the 2018 ID4D-Findex Survey ), the project will contribute to removing some of the most basic barriers that people face. 62.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2018 ID4D-Findex Survey is a structured collection of data related to identification ownership, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "directly linked to empirical data regarding ID ownership" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term '2018 ID4D-Findex Survey' is positioned explicitly after 'according to', indicating its role as a data source for supporting the claim about ID ownership. The survey is specifically referenced in the context of presenting empirical data about identification ownership gaps, which reinforces its classification as a dataset. There are no indications that it is referred to as a project or system in this context; rather, it is cited solely to present factual data. While it is possible for the term to appear in contexts where it might be confused with a broader project name or a system, here it is firmly aligned with meaningful, structured data that informs the discussion. Hence, the model's initial labeling of it as a dataset is justified based on these contextual cues.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2018 ID4D-Findex Survey' is clearly presented as a source of data regarding ID ownership, qualifying it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 29, + "text": "In India, for example, biometric-based e-KYC contributed to increasing financial inclusion from 35 percent in 2011 to 80 percent in 201743 and reduced customer onboarding costs for firms from US $ 23 per customer to as low as US $ 0. 15. 44 This and other examples are relevant to Ethiopia, given that current validation exercises focus on using demographic rather than biometric verification and are thus prone to imposters using real information ( for example, that of deceased persons ). 45 64. The economic and financial analysis \u2019 model to appraise the project is based on the economic impact of Fayda, following a twofold approach: savings from digitization of service delivery and revenue streams from transaction fees and add-on services made possible by Fayda. To estimate the savings that arise from transitioning from paper-based to digital-enabled service delivery, the model first estimated the savings from using Fayda versus the current Kebele IDs, for 40 World Bank. 2016. World Development Report: Digital Dividends. 41 World Bank. 2018. Public Sector Savings and Revenue from Identification Systems: Opportunities and Constraints. 42 World Bank. 2017. Advancing Electronic Food Security Payments in Ethiopia. 43 World Bank. 2018. Findex Survey. 44 World Bank. 2018. Private Sector Economic Impacts from Identification Systems. 45 World Bank. 2018. Public Sector Savings and Revenue from Identification Systems: Opportunities and Constraints.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1248, + 1261, + "named" + ], + [ + 281, + 289, + "Findex Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 971, + 981, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 983, + 987, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1047, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1049, + 1053, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1152, + 1162, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1164, + 1168, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1217, + 1225, + "Findex Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1230, + 1240, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1242, + 1246, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1266, + 1276, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1278, + 1282, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1348, + 1358, + "Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1360, + 1364, + "Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1475, + 1493, + "Findex Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2018. Findex Survey. 44 World Bank.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Findex Survey is a structured collection of data that measures financial inclusion and related metrics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "listed as a known survey", + "structured collection of data", + "described as measuring financial inclusion" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Findex Survey' clearly refers to a well-defined collection of data specifically focused on measuring financial inclusion metrics. The mention adheres to a well-established nomenclature in economic and financial research where surveys like these are treated as datasets because they consist of aggregated statistical information on various populations' interactions with financial systems. It doesn\u2019t read like a management information system or a project that stores records, but rather as a recognized survey with its own data outputs. Therefore, it was correctly identified as a dataset. An extraction model might have found confusion if it does not recognize survey names as datasets astutely or treats them generically without considering their established role in empirical research. However, in this particular case, all indicators point to it being a primary source of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Findex Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it specifically refers to an established collection of structured data related to financial inclusion, making it a legitimate data source." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 31, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 21 of 39 \u2022 Assessment and reduction of adaptation risks. The main climate risks are likely to be floods and intense rainfall which could potentially affect servers and registration activities. A climate risk assessment will be done to select the most appropriate locations of IT equipment to prevent data loss in the face of extreme weather events. These adaptation measures will reduce risks from climate hazards to an acceptable level. 67. The project will contribute to gender equality and particularly women \u2019 s economic empowerment. There is a gender coverage gap for the existing Kebele ID of 21 percent, one of the largest gender gaps for identification systems worldwide. 52 Women leaving their communities following their marriage and those who migrate for domestic labor jobs are particularly at risk of exclusion from the Kebele ID system as the requirements to apply for one in their new kebele are usually cumbersome. Beyond systemic barriers, there is a lack of demand which exasperates the gap.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 673, + 682, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will contribute to gender equality and particularly women \u2019 s economic empowerment. There is a gender coverage gap for the existing Kebele ID of 21 percent, one of the largest gender gaps for identification systems worldwide. 52 Women leaving their communities following their marriage and those who migrate for domestic labor jobs are particularly at risk of exclusion from the Kebele ID system as the requirements to apply for one in their new kebele are usually cumbersome.", + "type": "identification system", + "explanation": "Kebele ID refers to an identification system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an identification system", + "focus on gender coverage gap rather than on specific data records", + "does not indicate it is a structured collection of data used for analysis", + "project context with emphasis on social implications rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Kebele ID' is explicitly described as an identification system, which implies that it serves the purpose of identifying individuals rather than functioning as a structured dataset for analysis. The surrounding text highlights discussions around gender equality and the challenges faced by women regarding the Kebele ID, focusing on its social implications instead of its use for aggregating or analyzing data records. The confusion may arise from the mention of 'Kebele ID' following formal terminology typically associated with datasets. This could lead a model to interpret it as a potential data source, especially if terms like 'existing' are present, suggesting an established system. However, given the context, it\u2019s clear 'Kebele ID' refers to a system for identification rather than a dataset containing analyzed data. The criteria for defining a clear dataset\u2014such as functioning as a structured source of records or statistics\u2014is not met here, as the primary discussion revolves around the implications of the system rather than specific data outputs or analytics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Kebele ID' in this context is not considered a dataset because it represents an identification system focusing on gender gap issues rather than a structured collection of data for analysis. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in social implications rather than as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 31, + "text": "Recent ID4D research on women \u2019 s ID ownership in Ethiopia found that women do not see the Kebele ID as salient to their daily lives and therefore do not pursue applying for one even if it is accessible. 53 By streamlining and, in some cases, automating the updating of information, the project will be making it easier for women to assert their associated rights and entitlements. The new Fayda system can also embed use cases and value propositions that are tailored to women, to increase demand for identification. Furthermore, a digital identification system will create more opportunities for Ethiopia \u2019 s many women - owned small and medium enterprises to do business online, and more generally access employment, and enroll in male - dominated education sectors such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education. 68. The authentication component of a digital ID system can also increase the security of funds transfers for both in - person and remote environments, particularly as Ethiopian legislation enables and helps increase payment interoperability between financial service providers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 91, + 100, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Recent ID4D research on women \u2019 s ID ownership in Ethiopia found that women do not see the Kebele ID as salient to their daily lives and therefore do not pursue applying for one even if it is accessible. 53 By streamlining and, in some cases, automating the updating of information, the project will be making it easier for women to assert their associated rights and entitlements.", + "type": "identification system", + "explanation": "The Kebele ID refers to a form of identification rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a form of identification", + "described in terms of salience to daily lives", + "not identified as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Kebele ID' is clearly referred to as a form of identification rather than a concrete dataset. The emphasis is on its significance (or lack thereof) to women\u2019s daily lives and entitlement rights. There are no terms around the mention that would suggest it's providing structured data for analysis nor is it specified as a source or repository of data like a database would be. A model might have been confused due to the capitalized format, leading it to assume it was a proper entity relevant in a data context, yet the surrounding text only frames it as a type of ID without suggesting it is a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Kebele ID is not treated as a dataset here; it is a type of identification with no implication of being a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 31, + "text": "Recent ID4D research on women \u2019 s ID ownership in Ethiopia found that women do not see the Kebele ID as salient to their daily lives and therefore do not pursue applying for one even if it is accessible. 53 By streamlining and, in some cases, automating the updating of information, the project will be making it easier for women to assert their associated rights and entitlements. The new Fayda system can also embed use cases and value propositions that are tailored to women, to increase demand for identification. Furthermore, a digital identification system will create more opportunities for Ethiopia \u2019 s many women - owned small and medium enterprises to do business online, and more generally access employment, and enroll in male - dominated education sectors such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education. 68. The authentication component of a digital ID system can also increase the security of funds transfers for both in - person and remote environments, particularly as Ethiopian legislation enables and helps increase payment interoperability between financial service providers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 390, + 402, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "53 By streamlining and, in some cases, automating the updating of information, the project will be making it easier for women to assert their associated rights and entitlements. The new Fayda system can also embed use cases and value propositions that are tailored to women, to increase demand for identification. Furthermore, a digital identification system will create more opportunities for Ethiopia \u2019 s many women - owned small and medium enterprises to do business online, and more generally access employment, and enroll in male - dominated education sectors such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Fayda system refers to a digital identification system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a digital identification system", + "described as streamlining and automating information updating", + "not explicitly referred to as containing structured data", + "focus is on system functionalities and use cases, not on data retrieval or analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Fayda system' is discussed primarily as a digital identification platform designed to facilitate rights assertion, increase business opportunities for women, and promote access to education. These qualities suggest it is a system that might use or generate data, but the text does not indicate it functions as a standalone dataset for research or analysis. It lacks mentions of retrieving records or structured data and is instead characterized by its features and implications for various demographics. This distinction is crucial as it indicates the Fayda system may operate on or generate data but does not provide a structured dataset for analysis. The model may have misidentified it as a dataset due to its capitalization and the structural context it is mentioned in; it follows a description that could lead one to think it compiles data. However, without explicit references to datasets or data sources, it is clear that it operates more as a management information system rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Fayda system is not treated as a dataset here because it is defined as a digital identification system that focuses on information management and use case implementations, rather than serving as a structured data source for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 36, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 26 of 39 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING @ # & OPS ~ Doctype ~ OPS ^ dynamics @ padannexresultframework # doctemplate PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Baseline Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Closing Period An inclusive digital ID ecosystem is established Number of people in Ethiopia who have received a Fayda ID ( Number ) Sep / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 3, 000, 000 10, 000, 000 30, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 70, 000, 000 93, 000, 000. 00 \u27a2 Percentage of whom are women and girls ( Number ) Sep / 2023 Dec / 2028 48 50 \u27a2 Number of whom are individuals living in refugee host communities ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 100, 000 500, 000 7, 000, 000 1, 000, 000 1, 700, 000. 00 \u27a2 Number of whom are refugees ( Number ) Sep / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 10, 000 50, 000 100, 000 500, 000 924, 000 \u27a2 Number of whom registered in remote", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 400, + 408, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 26 of 39 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING @ # & OPS ~ Doctype ~ OPS ^ dynamics @ padannexresultframework # doctemplate PDO Indicators by PDO Outcomes Baseline Period 1 Period 2 Period 3 Period 4 Closing Period An inclusive digital ID ecosystem is established Number of people in Ethiopia who have received a Fayda ID ( Number ) Sep / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 3, 000, 000 10, 000, 000 30, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 70, 000, 000 93, 000, 000. 00 \u27a2 Percentage of whom are women and girls ( Number ) Sep / 2023 Dec / 2028 48 50 \u27a2 Number of whom are individuals living in refugee host communities ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 100, 000 500, 000 7, 000, 000 1, 000, 000 1, 700, 000.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda ID refers to a digital identification program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "project name mentioned", + "number of people who have received a Fayda ID is a project outcome", + "not presented as a data source or collection of data", + "project but number metrics of outcomes are reported" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda ID' refers to a digital identification program that tracks the number of individuals receiving these IDs as part of an outcome framework. It is positioned as an objective of the project, in a results framework where the focus is on the count of IDs distributed over the years. The term does not inherently signify a structured set of data or records; rather, it denotes a program's goal of ID issuance. The presence of numerical metrics suggests measurement related to this program, but it lacks the characteristics of a dataset, which would typically be defined as a structured collection of data entries in a database or similar repository. The model may have mistakenly classified it as a dataset due to its specificity, capitalization, and the numerical outcomes associated with it, which could lead one to view it as a data source, despite it being more appropriately categorized as a project outcome.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda ID' in this context is a project name rather than a dataset, as it refers to a specific identification initiative and its outcome metrics instead of being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 36, + "text": "and hard to reach areas ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 50, 000 100, 000 1, 000, 000 5, 000, 000 7, 200, 000 Service delivery for registered persons in Ethiopia is improved. Number of successful digital ID authentications by Fayda ID holders to access public and private sector services ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 0 1, 000, 000 10, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 100, 000, 000. 00 \u27a2 Number of which are in areas hosting refugees ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 0 10, 000 100, 000 500, 000 1, 000, 000 Intermediate Indicators by Components", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 272, + 280, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "and hard to reach areas ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 50, 000 100, 000 1, 000, 000 5, 000, 000 7, 200, 000 Service delivery for registered persons in Ethiopia is improved. Number of successful digital ID authentications by Fayda ID holders to access public and private sector services ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 0 1, 000, 000 10, 000, 000 50, 000, 000 100, 000, 000. 00 \u27a2 Number of which are in areas hosting refugees ( Number ) Nov / 2023 Dec / 2024 Dec / 2025 Dec / 2026 Dec / 2027 Dec / 2028 0 0 10, 000 100, 000 500, 000 1, 000, 000 Intermediate Indicators by Components", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda ID refers to a program related to digital ID authentications, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned regarding 'successful digital ID authentications'", + "described in the context of service delivery improvement", + "not explicitly stated as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda ID' appears to be part of a descriptive label for a system or a project associated with digital ID services in Ethiopia. It mentions successful digital ID authentications for accessing services, but it does not specify that this term refers to a database or structured dataset containing records. The absence of clear phrases like 'uses data from' or 'contains records' supports this decision. The term might have been flagged as a dataset due to its capitalization and the context suggesting it relates to records of digital ID authentications, which could lead one to assume it entails data collection. However, in this instance, it behaves more like a program rather than an actual dataset that could be analyzed independently.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda ID' operates more as a project or system related to digital identity services rather than a dataset. It describes a process rather than a concrete structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 42, + "text": "The budget monitoring system will be at the transaction, system, and reporting levels. The budget control in the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) will be applied based on the Government budget code. The accounting system to be used would enable budget controls and monitoring, budget tracking, and periodic reporting. Expenditures will also be compared to the budgets regularly, explanations will be sought for significant variances, and remedial actions will be taken as appropriate. IFRs would include a variance report along with explanations of material variances. Management will take midway corrective measures based on the reports and explanations. 3. Accounting and staffing arrangement for the project. The GoE \u2019 s accounting policies ( modified cash basis ) and procedures will apply to the project. Separate accounts for the project will be maintained at the PMO. NIDP will develop a project specific FMM, which follows the government procedures and addresses the peculiarities of the project. Preparation of the FMM will be completed within three months of effectiveness. The chart of accounts of the PMO will be updated to accommodate the project. The project is expected to use an accounting system that captures project records at the component, subcomponent, and activity levels. In addition, to comply with government reporting requirements, the project will have to maintain records through IFMIS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 113, + 163, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The budget monitoring system will be at the transaction, system, and reporting levels. The budget control in the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) will be applied based on the Government budget code. The accounting system to be used would enable budget controls and monitoring, budget tracking, and periodic reporting.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) refers to a system for managing financial information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "focus is on transaction, system, and reporting levels" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context of the quoted text, 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' (IFMIS) is explicitly referred to as a system, specifically a management information system (MIS) used for budgeting, tracking transactions, and reporting. The text emphasizes its role in financial management and control, rather than as a collection of data or a structured dataset. It speaks broadly to its capabilities without directly identifying it as a data source for analysis. This serves to frame it more as a tool or infrastructure that supports data management rather than a dataset in itself. A model might have categorized it as a dataset due to its formal recognition and capitalized designation but confusion arises when systems are misconstrued to function as datasets purely based on their descriptions. This context indicates that IFMIS is vital for managing data but does not itself represent a standalone dataset for analytical purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System is not a dataset; it is a management information system that facilitates budget monitoring and reporting, rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 42, + "text": "The budget monitoring system will be at the transaction, system, and reporting levels. The budget control in the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) will be applied based on the Government budget code. The accounting system to be used would enable budget controls and monitoring, budget tracking, and periodic reporting. Expenditures will also be compared to the budgets regularly, explanations will be sought for significant variances, and remedial actions will be taken as appropriate. IFRs would include a variance report along with explanations of material variances. Management will take midway corrective measures based on the reports and explanations. 3. Accounting and staffing arrangement for the project. The GoE \u2019 s accounting policies ( modified cash basis ) and procedures will apply to the project. Separate accounts for the project will be maintained at the PMO. NIDP will develop a project specific FMM, which follows the government procedures and addresses the peculiarities of the project. Preparation of the FMM will be completed within three months of effectiveness. The chart of accounts of the PMO will be updated to accommodate the project. The project is expected to use an accounting system that captures project records at the component, subcomponent, and activity levels. In addition, to comply with government reporting requirements, the project will have to maintain records through IFMIS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1437, + 1442, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project is expected to use an accounting system that captures project records at the component, subcomponent, and activity levels. In addition, to comply with government reporting requirements, the project will have to maintain records through IFMIS.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a system for managing financial data, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting system", + "mentioned in the context of project record maintenance", + "indicates compliance with government reporting requirements" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'IFMIS' refers specifically to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a type of system designed to manage financial records and reporting for organizations. The context provided describes it as an accounting system that captures project records. Although it mentions the maintenance of records, it does not provide evidence of these records being organized or processed in a way that constitutes a dataset used for analysis or research purposes. The text seems to indicate that IFMIS is the tool or platform used for maintaining records necessary for project compliance rather than a concrete dataset itself. This could easily lead to confusion for models that see 'uses data from' kind of phrases, as it might misinterpret systems like IFMIS as direct data sources, especially since they often hold structured records. However, in this instance, the description leans towards infrastructure rather than a discrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IFMIS is not treated as a dataset; rather, it functions as an accounting and management system used for maintaining financial records related to the project." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 46, + "text": "such as ensuring information availability ( including in accessible formats, multiple languages, and disseminated by trusted sources ), having physically accessible facilities, and having multiple registration and ID issuance channels. \u25cf The ID laws ensure sufficient check and balance with strong complaints and grievance redress mechanisms. Personal data breaches and misuse ID systems involve the collection, storage, and processing of personal data. These data are vulnerable to theft, misuse, loss, or The current, paper based Kebele IDs or civil registrations in Ethiopia do not have adequate policies and controls on how personal data are collected, stored, and used. Kebele IDs also collect a significant amount of personal data, including ethnicity. However, the limited digitization and decentralized management of these data limit the scale of risk of breaches and misuse, but the manual nature means there are limited audit controls and logs, if any. On the other hand, Fayda collects less data than existing Kebele IDs and raises standards for governing how personal data are collected, stored, and processed, as well as information and cybersecurity. Specific measures include the following:", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 982, + 987, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, the limited digitization and decentralized management of these data limit the scale of risk of breaches and misuse, but the manual nature means there are limited audit controls and logs, if any. On the other hand, Fayda collects less data than existing Kebele IDs and raises standards for governing how personal data are collected, stored, and processed, as well as information and cybersecurity. Specific measures include the following:", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Fayda refers to a program that governs how personal data are collected, stored, and processed, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program for governing personal data collection", + "described as collecting less data than existing IDs", + "no indication it's a structured collection of data present" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fayda' is referenced in a manner that suggests it is a governance program or initiative concerning the management and ethical handling of personal data, rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'raises standards for governing how personal data are collected, stored, and processed' indicates it focuses on the framework and best practices around data management rather than being a repository of data itself. The potential confusion for a model may arise from the capitalization of 'Fayda' and its position in the text, which might lead it to interpret this as a concrete dataset. Furthermore, the comparisons made\u2014such as 'collects less data than existing Kebele IDs'\u2014could make it appear as if 'Fayda' is a distinct data entity, but the actual context clarifies that it is not. I draw the line based on the description of the term; it does not possess characteristics like a structured collection or a source of data but is more aligned with a project or protocol.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Fayda' is not a dataset in this context as it refers to a program that governs data practices rather than being a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "013_BOSIB0efb09b920d90858a0135df22da7d1", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Digital ID for Inclusion and Services Project ( P179040 ) Page 38 of 39 ANNEX 3: Gender Analysis and Action Plan Problem statement. In Ethiopia, there is a notable gender gap in the existing ID system ( Kebele ID ) coverage. According to the ID4D-Findex Survey ( 2017 ), 36 percent of the population ages 18 and older lack a Kebele ID, with significant gender gap of 46 percent of women lacking one, compared to 25 percent of men. ANALYSIS: Gender gaps identified ACTIONS: Proposed actions Taken to address gaps INDICATORS: How bridging the gap will be measured Women have less knowledge about benefits of having an ID. Country-specific research, including a Social Risk Analysis and a Gender Gap in ID Study, outline low literacy, a general lack of awareness on the day-to-day use of ID, perceived irrelevance of formal identification, and limited knowledge of individual rights as key factors contributing to lower Kebele ID enrolment by women. Based on the most recent data from 2017, the adult ( age 15 and above ) literacy rate for men is 59 percent, compared to 44 percent for women ( World Bank 2022 ), which can make it harder for women to navigate the ID registration process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 266, + 284, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 159, + 167, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 287, + 291, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 313, + 341, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 586, + 591, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1006, + 1010, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1115, + 1125, + "ID4D-Findex Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In Ethiopia, there is a notable gender gap in the existing ID system ( Kebele ID ) coverage. According to the ID4D-Findex Survey ( 2017 ), 36 percent of the population ages 18 and older lack a Kebele ID, with significant gender gap of 46 percent of women lacking one, compared to 25 percent of men. ANALYSIS: Gender gaps identified ACTIONS: Proposed actions Taken to address gaps INDICATORS: How bridging the gap will be measured Women have less knowledge about benefits of having an ID.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ID4D-Findex Survey is a structured collection of data that provides insights into identification coverage and gaps, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "enumerated alongside metrics and indicators", + "described as providing insights into identification coverage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ID4D-Findex Survey' explicitly follows the phrase 'According to', indicating that it is being used as a source of data for the analysis presented. Additionally, its mention is linked to specific statistics about gender gaps, which are common elements expected from a dataset. There is no indication that it is merely a project or system, as it is clearly serving as a data source in this instance. The model may have identified it as a dataset due to its structured nature, presence of numeric data, and relevance to the research, which aligns with typical characteristics of datasets. The clarity of use in the context helps solidify its status as a dataset here, reducing confusion about it possibly being a project or information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The ID4D-Findex Survey is treated as a dataset here because it is cited as a source of data for specific statistics related to ID coverage, which aligns with how datasets are typically referenced in research." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 13, + "text": "The Coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) crisis has reversed much of the progress in monetary poverty reduction that had been achieved in recent years, as it is estimated that the international poverty rate increased by 0. 82 percentage points between 2019 and 2020, for the first time in more than a decade. Poverty projections suggest that the rate of extreme poverty will remain high, at nearly 25 percent owing to job and income losses. The number of poor households has continued to increase, with an additional 166, 000 people falling into extreme poverty in 2021. Poverty rates are expected to remain above pre-pandemic estimates in the medium term. 5. In Cameroon, gender equality has progressed slightly, although gender gaps and disparities exist between rural and urban areas. The country recognizes the importance of women \u2019 s empowerment both for its intrinsic value and for its contribution to economic development. Overall labor force participation has remained steady since 2010, with increasing participation of women, although their unemployment and informality remain higher. Antenatal care overall has significantly improved, especially in the regions most in need. However, the lowest rates of care continue to be reported in the rural northern and eastern regions. 5 Women in rural areas 1 United Nations Population Division 2019. 2 IMF country report, Cameroon third reviews under the extended Fund Facility Arrangements. 3 World Bank projection based on the latest Cameroon Household Survey conducted in 2014. 4 UNDP ( United Nations Development Programme ). 2022. Human Development Report. 5 World Bank. ( 2022 ). Cameroon Systematic Country Diagnostic: and update.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1490, + 1515, + "named" + ], + [ + 24, + 28, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 664, + 672, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 991, + 995, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1290, + 1310, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1376, + 1384, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1448, + 1458, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1490, + 1498, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1529, + 1533, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1537, + 1541, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1618, + 1628, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1640, + 1648, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 IMF country report, Cameroon third reviews under the extended Fund Facility Arrangements. 3 World Bank projection based on the latest Cameroon Household Survey conducted in 2014. 4 UNDP ( United Nations Development Programme ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described with a specific year of data collection", + "aligned with known survey methodologies" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Cameroon Household Survey' is explicitly mentioned in conjunction with World Bank projections, indicating that it is being used as a foundation for data analysis. The phrase 'based on the latest Cameroon Household Survey conducted in 2014' suggests that it is a structured collection of data focused on household conditions, which aligns with typical definitions of a dataset. While it's possible that a model could confuse it as a project or a system due to its formal name, the clear use of 'based on' followed by a year of data collection strongly supports the interpretation of it as a concrete dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Cameroon Household Survey' is a dataset in this context as it is specifically referenced as the source of data for projections, with clear identification of its nature and purpose." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 20, + "text": "In the case of the Ministry of Public Transport the presence of women is predominant in areas such as translation, reception, and mailing. Women face various barriers during their career cycle, which affects their entry into and career development in jobs linked to the road sector. Some of the barriers relate to their recruitment ( limited information ); hiring processes that are not gender-sensitive; retention issues such as sexual harassment ( SH ) in the workplace, work family balance, and limited benefits, and promotion; and limited training or access to mentoring schemes. The project will leverage the existing collaboration framework with the National Advanced School of Public Works in Yaound\u00e9, under the PDST Project, to continue the partnership with the MINTP to support activities aiming at promoting women \u2019 s entry in the Transport sector. Thus, the project will continue to support efforts to increase the number of women in STEM42, then facilitate the transition from universities to work in the Transport sector in the long term. ( e ) The Douala \u2013 N \u2019 Djamena Intra \u2013 Interregional Transport Corridor ( 1, 842 km ) 26. The Far North of Cameroon is a trade crossroads; however, cross-border trade is adversely impacted by the 39 https: / / www. roadsafetyfacility. org / country / cameroon 40 Global Health Observatory data repository accessed on February 1, 2022. http: / / apps. who. int / gho / data / node. main. A997? lang = en 41 2021 data from the International Labour Organization: https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / SL. TLF. ACTI. MA. ZS? locations = CM & name_desc = false 42 Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1315, + 1340, + "named" + ], + [ + 1146, + 1167, + "Global Health Observatory <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1381, + 1385, + "Global Health Observatory <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1458, + 1462, + "Global Health Observatory <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "roadsafetyfacility. org / country / cameroon 40 Global Health Observatory data repository accessed on February 1, 2022. http: / / apps.", + "type": "repository", + "explanation": "The Global Health Observatory is a structured collection of health-related data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data repository", + "follows \u2018accessed on\u2019", + "implies data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Global Health Observatory' refers to a repository known for health-related data. The phrasing suggests it is a dedicated space where health data is stored and accessed, which aligns with typical definitions of a dataset. The phrase 'accessed on February 1, 2022' reinforces the notion that it is being treated as a data source from which records can be retrieved or analyzed. While there may be confusion over whether it is part of a larger system or merely a project, the explicit reference as a 'data repository' situates it firmly in the realm of datasets. I recognize that it may sometimes be referenced in other contexts that imply a project or system, but in this case, the emphasis is clearly on its role as a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the Global Health Observatory functions as a dataset because it is explicitly referred to as a data repository, suggesting it houses structured records for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 61, + "text": "The World Bank ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY AND RESILIENCE IN THE FAR NORTH OF CAMEROON FOR INCLUSIVENESS PROJECT ( P178207 ) Page 62 of 82 UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Average travel time between Mora and Kouss\u00e9ri This indicator measures vehicles travel time between Mora and Kousseri. Annually Traffic Survey and M & E Reports. Open source from Geospatial Data ( e. g., Open Street Map ) Traffic Survey Project Implementation Unit Length of MDK road vulnerable to identified climate change hazards ( floods and heat ). Measures the length of the MDK road corridor that is at risk of flooding and extreme heat, which are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change. Annually Implementati on reports. Verification of implementation of proposed climate resilience features. Project implementation Unit and MINTP. The share of people with access to an all - weather passable road within five kilometers of the MDK road section ( modified road access index ). This indicator measures the number of beneficiaries with improved access to an all-weather passable road within five kilometers of the MDK road section.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 525, + 540, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 81, + "Open Street Map <> data geography" + ], + [ + 322, + 367, + "Open Street Map <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "g. , Open Street Map ) Traffic Survey Project Implementation Unit Length of MDK road vulnerable to identified climate change hazards ( floods and heat ). Measures the length of the MDK road corridor that is at risk of flooding and extreme heat, which are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change.", + "type": "geospatial data", + "explanation": "Open Street Map is a collaborative project that creates a free editable map of the world, which is a structured collection of geospatial data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a project (Traffic Survey Project Implementation Unit)", + "descriptions relate to a project implementation rather than direct data usage", + "not explicitly stated as a source of data in this context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Open Street Map' is primarily referenced as a collaborative project that provides mapping information rather than as a standalone dataset. Although it may contain structured geospatial data, the context focuses on its role in a specific project aimed at assessing climate change vulnerabilities rather than using it as a direct source of data. The phrase preceding it suggests its use in relation to a specific project, leading to potential confusion in interpreting it as a dataset. The lack of explicit mention of data derived from it reinforces that it is more of an infrastructure/tool rather than a dataset. A model might have misinterpreted this due to capitalization and the referenced structural characteristics of Open Street Map as a source of geospatial information; however, it does not serve the same purpose as a dataset within this specific excerpt.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Open Street Map' is not treated as a dataset here because the context is focused on the project implementation rather than the direct application or analysis of data from Open Street Map." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 61, + "text": "Climate change impacts are expected to affect road Annual GIS database prepared during project preparation The methodology will consist on using population distribution to calculate the share of population located within a 5km - buffer zone with access to an all-weather Project Implementation Unit", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 51, + 70, + "named" + ], + [ + 145, + 168, + "Annual GIS database <> data description" + ], + [ + 195, + 240, + "Annual GIS database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Climate change impacts are expected to affect road Annual GIS database prepared during project preparation The methodology will consist on using population distribution to calculate the share of population located within a 5km - buffer zone with access to an all-weather Project Implementation Unit", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of geographic information data used for analysis related to climate change impacts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside project preparation", + "described in relation to methodology but lacks attributes of a dataset", + "implies the existence of a geographic information system rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Annual GIS database' appears to be related to the methodology of a project rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'prepared during project preparation' suggests that this 'database' is part of the project framework or management system rather than a distinct data collection that can be analyzed independently. Moreover, while it contains geographic information data, it is framed as an output or part of a structured project rather than an accessible dataset for research purposes. A model might have labeled it as a dataset due to its structured name and references to data, but the context leans more towards it being an element of project implementation. The term does not clearly indicate that it is being used as an actual dataset for analysis; thus, it's more accurate here to see it as infrastructure or an aspect of a project rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Annual GIS database' refers to a component of a project rather than an independently accessible dataset, making it inappropriate to label it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY AND RESILIENCE IN THE FAR NORTH OF CAMEROON FOR INCLUSIVENESS PROJECT ( P178207 ) Page 78 of 82 No Expenditure Category Contract ( C ) Value Threshold a / ( US $ equivalent ) Procurement Method Contracts Subject to Prior Review / ( US $ equivalent ) required Note: a. These thresholds are for activities identified in the PPSD as low-value or low-risk where the procurement risk is rated Substantial. The thresholds will be revised periodically based on the reassessment of risks. All contracts not subject to prior review will be post-reviewed. Based on country-specific needs and circumstances, shopping thresholds for the purchase of vehicles and fuel may be increased up to US $ 500, 000. 19. Procurement Implementation Support. The World Bank procurement specialists will regularly participate in implementation support missions to assist in monitoring procurement procedures and plans. During the early phase of project implementation, more frequent supervision is envisaged, to ensure that procurement guidelines are being followed and to support capacity building on procurement functions across all PIUs. Additional capacity needs of the clients will be identified and supported by the time of financing. 20. Procurement Post Review. Post reviews can be done either by World Bank staff or by consultants hired by the World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 360, + 364, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank ENHANCING CONNECTIVITY AND RESILIENCE IN THE FAR NORTH OF CAMEROON FOR INCLUSIVENESS PROJECT ( P178207 ) Page 78 of 82 No Expenditure Category Contract ( C ) Value Threshold a / ( US $ equivalent ) Procurement Method Contracts Subject to Prior Review / ( US $ equivalent ) required Note: a. These thresholds are for activities identified in the PPSD as low-value or low-risk where the procurement risk is rated Substantial. The thresholds will be revised periodically based on the reassessment of risks.", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "PPSD refers to a framework for procurement planning and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a procurement framework", + "references thresholds for activities identified in the PPSD", + "associated with project procurement processes, not data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, PPSD is discussed as part of the World Bank's procurement framework, specifically focusing on low-value or low-risk activities. The text discusses procurement thresholds that are 'identified in the PPSD', suggesting that it serves more as a guideline document for procurement rather than a source of structured data or records. The reference to thresholds indicates a procedural context rather than a dataset. The confusion for the model likely arises because PPSD is capitalized and follows the phrase 'identified in the PPSD', which may resemble phrases typically seen with datasets, such as 'uses data from...'. However, here it functions as a framework for decision-making, not a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, PPSD is not treated as a dataset; it is a framework related to procurement processes rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 77, + "text": "They may also be carried out by third parties such as supreme audit institutions, procurement regulatory authorities, consulting firms, NGOs, and others, according to procedures acceptable to the World Bank in order to ascertain compliance with procurement procedures as defined in the legal documents. The procurement post reviews should cover at least 10 percent of contracts that have not been previously reviewed within a financial year. The sampling is risk-based and considers the contract risk rating, to ensure that riskier contracts will constitute a higher proportion of the sample. Post reviews contribute to the project ' s overall procurement performance rating ( based on the post-procurement review rating ), and provide a basis for updating the project procurement risk and the risk mitigation plan. The World Bank reserves the right to conduct an independent procurement review at any time up to two years following the closing date of the project. 21. Oversight and Monitoring Arrangements for Procurement. The PIM will define the project \u2019 s internal organization and its implementation procedures. It will include, among other things, all relevant procedures concerning calling for bids, selecting consultants, awarding contracts, handling or managing complaints, and archiving procurement documents. Detailed procurement documentation ( for example the PPSD ) will be referenced and retained in the project files.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1374, + 1378, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will include, among other things, all relevant procedures concerning calling for bids, selecting consultants, awarding contracts, handling or managing complaints, and archiving procurement documents. Detailed procurement documentation ( for example the PPSD ) will be referenced and retained in the project files.", + "type": "document", + "explanation": "PPSD refers to detailed procurement documentation and is not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as procurement documentation", + "not referenced as a source of data for analysis or research", + "describes procedures and documentation related to procurement, not structured datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'PPSD', it becomes clear that the context emphasizes it as procurement documentation rather than a structured dataset. The text indicates that the PPSD will be referenced and retained in project files, demonstrating its role in the procurement process rather than as a discrete set of data. The model may have confused 'PPSD' with a dataset because it was formatted as a proper noun and mentioned in a way that suggests it contains information; however, it is actually referring to documentation that outlines procedures and records associated with procurement. This can easily mislead models into categorizing it as a dataset, particularly if they have been trained on similar structures that include formal names linked with data, which are not necessarily datasets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PPSD is not a dataset here as it refers to procurement documentation rather than a structured data source; it does not imply a collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "015_BOSIB0e7334a5d0570a3e40f8ae4d0c1266", + "page": 78, + "text": "Various climate model projections show a wide range of changes over Cameroon, with some projecting increases in average annual rainfall, and others a decrease. 69 Cameroon \u2019 s NDC indicates an intensification of droughts, and an increase in frequency and intensity of flooding events. 70 The MDK road corridor to be rehabilitated, and the network of communal and earth roads are in the Sudano \u2013 Sahelian region in the Far North of Cameroon. During rainy seasons traffic flow is interrupted for extended periods of time; it causes damage to existing culverts and bridges, and erodes surfaces due to over-embankment flow. The major risk hazards identified by the climate and disaster risk screening through the World Bank study \" Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Strategy of the Cameroon Road Network, \" as well as the analytical work carried out by the World Bank \u2019 s project team were extreme temperatures, heavy rainfall events, flooding, landslides, and erosion. 71 Rainfall projections indicate that the road \u2019 s exposure to heavy downpours and sustained periods of rainfall is likely to increase over time. 68 Think Hazard, consulted on February 17, 2021. URL: https: / / thinkhazard. org / en / report / 45-cameroon. 69 WBG Climate Knowledge Portal, consulted on February 17, 2021. URL: https: / / climateknowledgeportal. worldbank. org / country / cameroon / climate-data-historical. 70 Cameroon \u2019 s Nationally Determined Contribution to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change; Revised in 2021. URL; https: / / unfccc. int / sites / default / files / NDC / 2022-06 / CDN percent20r percentC3 percentA9vis percentC3 percentA9e percent20CMR percent20finale percent20sept percent202021. pdf 71 Climate Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Strategy for the Cameroon Road Network; 20 July 2021; World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1232, + 1260, + "named" + ], + [ + 68, + 76, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 163, + 171, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 386, + 410, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 709, + 719, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 859, + 869, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1161, + 1165, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1275, + 1292, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1400, + 1408, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1819, + 1823, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1825, + 1835, + "WBG Climate Knowledge Portal <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "org / en / report / 45-cameroon. 69 WBG Climate Knowledge Portal, consulted on February 17, 2021. URL: https: / / climateknowledgeportal.", + "type": "climate data portal", + "explanation": "The WBG Climate Knowledge Portal is a structured collection of climate data used for research and analysis related to climate impacts and vulnerabilities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "consulted on February 17, 2021", + "URL provided", + "likely a consolidated resource for climate data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'WBG Climate Knowledge Portal' is mentioned as a source consulted in a report, indicating that it is being used as a reference for data related to climate. The URL suggests it is an online repository which implies it contains data relevant for analysis. While it could be interpreted as an information system or platform, it is often noted in research contexts as a structured collection of climate data. The fact that it includes a consultation date further supports its use as a data source. Therefore, I consider it a dataset because it acts as a primary reference for obtaining climate data and is utilized in research and analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The WBG Climate Knowledge Portal is treated as a dataset in this context due to its use as a reference for climate data in research, despite its nature as an informational platform." + }, + { + "filename": "016_BOSIB029693bc600f090cb0745b2b12ee69", + "page": 13, + "text": "These effects further exacerbate pressures related to population growth, deforestation, and land use change, increasing water scarcity risks throughout the country. 6 Kenya faces minimal seismic hazards in comparison to neighboring countries with hazard levels highest in the north-west and south - west regions ( for example Nakuru and Eldoret have a medium degree of seismic hazard ). 7 4. Over recent decades, there have been substantial inflows of refugees into Kenya, most of whom live in designated camps. About 53 percent of Kenya \u2019 s registered refugee population of about 550, 0008 originate from Somalia, 25 percent from South Sudan and the remainder from other countries. Almost half of the refugees in Kenya ( 43 percent ) reside in Dadaab ( Garissa County ), 41 percent in Kakuma ( Turkana County ) and 16 percent in urban areas ( mainly Nairobi ). The inflow of refugees into the Arid and Semi-Arid Lands ( ASAL ) counties of Garissa and Turkana has significantly changed the population, spatial, and social dynamics of host counties. 1 United Nations World Population Prospects: 2022 Revision 2 World Bank national accounts data. 3 Idem 4 Kenya \u2019 s Gini coefficient stands at 40. 8 ( 2015 ). World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. 5 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ); World Bank ( 2016 ). Kenya Urbanization Review. 6 Think Hazard \u2013 Kenya; World Bank Group. 2021. Climate Risk Country Profile: Kenya. 7 GSDRC ( 2013 ) Assessing seismic risk in Kenya 8 UNHCR. Kenya Figures at a Glance. https: / / www. unhcr. org / ke / figures-at-a-glance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1254, + 1289, + "named" + ], + [ + 167, + 172, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 337, + 344, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 466, + 471, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 532, + 537, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 745, + 751, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 754, + 768, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 786, + 792, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 795, + 809, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1154, + 1159, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1254, + 1259, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1292, + 1296, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1476, + 1481, + "Kenya Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform. 5 Kenya Population and Housing Census ( 2019 ); World Bank ( 2016 ). Kenya Urbanization Review.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Kenya Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows structured references consistent with a data collection", + "described in the context of a population census, which inherently involves data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Kenya Population and Housing Census' refers to an official data collection effort conducted to gather demographic data. It is mentioned in a list that includes other recognized data sources like the World Bank's materials, reinforcing its role as a dataset. Importantly, censuses are standardized collections of data that provide structured demographic statistics, distinguishing them from projects or systems that might utilize this data. The presence of the phrase '5 Kenya Population and Housing Census (2019)' also enhances its identification as a dataset, as it specifies a year and implies the existence of quantifiable records. While it could be seen as part of a broader project or system (as it falls under the umbrella of census activities), the explicit structure and recognition in this context affirm its interpretation as a specific dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Kenya Population and Housing Census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is cited alongside other data sources in a structured way, indicating its role as a formal compilation of demographic data." + }, + { + "filename": "016_BOSIB029693bc600f090cb0745b2b12ee69", + "page": 38, + "text": "The M & E specialists in the NPCT will provide training and backstopping support to county and municipal staff in the use of GEMS and M & E tools, to ensure that reporting is comprehensive, accurate and timely. M & E data will come from the government \u2019 s own systems, as tracked by the urban boards, county departments, and NPCT. C. Disbursement Arrangements 67. Disbursement and FM arrangements under IPF Component: The IPF component will be implemented by the existing KUSP NPCT which is deemed to have adequate FM capacity developed during the implementation of KUSP. The FM arrangement are deemed to be adequate. A summary of these FM arrangements is as follows: ( i ) Budgeting - This is done as part of the SDHUD budget. Separate IDA budget code is assigned for the Project. A qualified finance officer has been deployed under KUSP to support budget preparation, execution, monitoring and reporting; and ( ii ) Funds flows - This will require the use of a foreign currency denominated Designated Account ( DA ) opened at the Central Bank of Kenya ( CBK ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 125, + 129, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The M & E specialists in the NPCT will provide training and backstopping support to county and municipal staff in the use of GEMS and M & E tools, to ensure that reporting is comprehensive, accurate and timely. M & E data will come from the government \u2019 s own systems, as tracked by the urban boards, county departments, and NPCT.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a tool used for monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for monitoring and evaluation", + "described in relation to the support provided to county and municipal staff", + "followed by a statement about data coming from government systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is positioned as a tool or platform for monitoring and evaluation rather than a direct dataset. Even though it is discussed in a data context, it does not explicitly serve as a structured collection of records. My evaluation hinged on the surrounding phrases that emphasize GEMS as a supportive instrument rather than the actual source of data. Additionally, the text indicates that M & E data will come from other government systems, suggesting that GEMS itself isn't the primary data source but rather a facilitator of gathering and using data. This distinction is crucial, as it highlights that a model might misinterpret systems or tools as datasets based on their capitalization, association with data processes, or context. Still, without a direct assertion of GEMS being utilized as a data source, it's clearer not to classify it as such.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is treated as a tool for monitoring and evaluation rather than a dataset in this context, as it supports data usage without being the primary source of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "016_BOSIB029693bc600f090cb0745b2b12ee69", + "page": 38, + "text": "The DA ceiling will be variable and the DA threshold for direct payments will be US $ 500, 000 equivalent as captured in the Disbursement and Financial Information Letter ( DFIL ) and subject to amendment in accordance with the World Bank Disbursement Guidelines. The disbursement methods will be detailed in the DFIL and will include direct payment, reimbursement, advances and special commitment. The DA will be managed by the NT. Similarly, SDHUD will open a Project Account ( PA ) denominated in Kenya Shillings in the CBK from which payments for eligible activities will be made. The initial disbursement will be made upon receiving a withdrawal application. This Component will adopt the Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) method of disbursement. The disbursement arrangements and thresholds will be detailed in the DFIL; ( iii ) Accounting - A qualified project accountant has been assigned under KUSP, who will also support KUSP2. Payments will be made using the government Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMIS ) system; ( iv ) Financial reporting - The NPCT will provide quarterly unaudited Interim Financial Reports ( IFRs ) and annual audit reports to the World Bank. Under KUSP, the NPCT has been providing quarterly IFRs and annual financial statements within the stipulated timelines; ( v ) Internal controls - The existing FM procedures manual will be updated to support KUSP2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 981, + 1019, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The disbursement arrangements and thresholds will be detailed in the DFIL; ( iii ) Accounting - A qualified project accountant has been assigned under KUSP, who will also support KUSP2. Payments will be made using the government Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMIS ) system; ( iv ) Financial reporting - The NPCT will provide quarterly unaudited Interim Financial Reports ( IFRs ) and annual audit reports to the World Bank. Under KUSP, the NPCT has been providing quarterly IFRs and annual financial statements within the stipulated timelines; ( v ) Internal controls - The existing FM procedures manual will be updated to support KUSP2.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management System (IFMIS) is a tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system used for financial management", + "follows a context where it is used specifically for payments", + "not mentioned as a source of structured records", + "mentioned in relation to project activities rather than as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Integrated Financial Management System' (IFMIS) is clearly referred to as a financial management tool utilized by the government for processing payments. It is mentioned as part of operational procedures under KUSP and describes the actions taken with respect to financial reporting and internal controls. There is no indication that IFMIS is intended as a dataset containing discrete records or statistics that are analyzed or utilized for reporting. Instead, it serves as an infrastructure supporting financial activities. The model may have mistakenly categorized it as a dataset due to its proper name format and the phrasing that suggests it is a source, but it lacks the necessary indicators that qualify it as a structured collection of data. This confusion is common when systems are named in a way that evokes a dataset while, in reality, they function more as tools than as repositories of analyzed data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Integrated Financial Management System is a tool for managing financial transactions and reports, not a dataset containing structured records. It serves as an infrastructure rather than a primary source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 17, + "text": "- refutes-drought-related-death / 23 UNHCR. Ethiopia Operational Update. January 2023. https: / / reporting. unhcr. org / document / 4393 24 UNHCR Ethiopia Education Factsheet. 2022. file: / / / C: / Users / wb374705 / Downloads / Factsheet_Layout_Education_Final. pdf 25 ESAA, 2018 / 19 26 ESAA different year 27 H. Tasic et. al. ( 2020 ), \u201c Drivers of Stunting Reduction in Ethiopia: A Country Case Study, \u201d The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 112 ( 2 ): 875S \u2013 893S. https: / / doi. org / 10. 1093 / ajcn / nqaa163. 28 J. Golan, D. Headey, K. Hirvonen, and J. Hoddinott ( 2019 ), Changes in Child Undernutrition Rates in Ethiopia, 2000-2016 ( Oxford: Oxford University Press ). 29 E. Skoufias, K. Vinha, and R. Sata ( 2019 ), All Hands-on Deck: Reducing Stunting through a Multi-Sectoral Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia ( Washington, DC: World Bank ). 30 2016 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 882, + 911, + "named" + ], + [ + 44, + 52, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 147, + 155, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 376, + 384, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 539, + 548, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 631, + 639, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 641, + 650, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 833, + 841, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 877, + 881, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 914, + 917, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sata ( 2019 ), All Hands-on Deck: Reducing Stunting through a Multi-Sectoral Approach in Sub-Saharan Africa and Ethiopia ( Washington, DC: World Bank ). 30 2016 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside health and demographic indicators", + "appears after a citation which suggests it's referencing a study that uses this data", + "specifically labeled 'Demographic and Health Survey' which is a known data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) in this instance refers to a recognized set of data focused on health and demographic metrics. The citation of Sata (2019) suggests an analysis that relies on this specific data source. Since DHS is known in research as a structured dataset providing extensive health and demographic information, it does not merely serve as a project name or information system but is explicitly linked to data collection in the broader context of health analysis. Models might confuse it with a system due to the name suggesting systematic data collection, however, the established branding of DHS in the field clarifies its role as a dataset here. The presence of the year (2016) also emphasizes its use as a dataset reference point.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' is a valid dataset reference because it denotes a structured collection of demographic and health data widely used for research and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 30, + "text": "The scope of the HCO expenditure is determined by: ( a ) focusing on woreda-level spending of the GPG across the four main human capital-related sectors62 ( i. e., the scope is woreda-level expenditures ); ( b ) excluding contributions from other World Bank-financed activities from this scope ( e. g., investments through GEQIP-E, CALM, Health SDG AF, and WASH CWA supply-side investments ) ( i. e., focuses on complementary investments to the ongoing World Bank-financed projects ); and ( c ) allocating expenditures proportionate to historical sectoral budget shares on woreda spending. To avoid overlap with the block grant contribution from the World Bank-financed Second Additional Financing ( AF ) to ESPES, the two disbursements will be sequenced and based on a different set of Disbursement-Linked Indicators ( DLIs ). 43. The expenditure framework for the HCO is based on the lessons learned and experiences from the ESPES program. The ESPES program expenditure framework which was based on the estimated woreda level 59 M. Frost and C. Rolleston ( 2013 ), \u201c Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access: A Report on Findings from the Young Lives School Survey ( Round 1 ) in Ethiopia, \u201d ( Oxford, UK: Young Lives ). 60 https: / / glcopmcgill. ca / wp-content / uploads / 2019 / 11 / Gender-Strategy-for-the-Education-and-Training-Sector-Ethiopia-Ministry-of-Education. pdf 61 Roads are part of the government \u2019 s five \u201c pro-poor \u201d sectors but are not included as a \u201c human capital \u201d sector in the HCO. 62 The four sectors cover health, education, agriculture, and water", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1147, + 1172, + "named" + ], + [ + 1031, + 1039, + "Young Lives School Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1044, + 1056, + "Young Lives School Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1059, + 1063, + "Young Lives School Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1214, + 1225, + "Young Lives School Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frost and C. Rolleston ( 2013 ), \u201c Improving Education Quality, Equity and Access: A Report on Findings from the Young Lives School Survey ( Round 1 ) in Ethiopia, \u201d ( Oxford, UK: Young Lives ). 60 https: / / glcopmcgill.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Young Lives School Survey is a structured collection of data used for research on education quality, equity, and access.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "cited in a report that discusses findings based on it", + "described in the context of data collection", + "implies structured data related to education" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon examining the full context where 'Young Lives School Survey' is mentioned, it appears as a primary focus of a research report discussing education quality, equity, and access. The mention of 'findings' implies that this term is used in reference to collected and analyzed data. While it could be seen as a project or initiative, the specific framing indicates the presence of structured data collected systematically through the survey. Any confusion might stem from the potential for the term to be interpreted either as a project name or a dataset, but the context, especially the focus on findings, leans clearly towards it functioning as a dataset in this instance. Importantly, it does not merely represent an information system but rather the body of data generated through that project's processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Young Lives School Survey' acts as a dataset because it refers specifically to the structured data collected and the associated findings from the survey, despite it being part of a broader project." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "The Aide Memoire will serve as a key monitoring tool to systematically track HCO progress. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation 82. The MOF will be responsible for monitoring the achievement of HCO objectives, results and DLIs, with inputs from the relevant ministries, bureaus, and agencies. For Results area 1, the MOE, MOH, and MoF will primarily be responsible for coordinating M & E tasks and reporting to the MOF. For Results area 2, the MOF will be responsible for coordinating M & E with a multisectoral team made up of representatives from the four sector ministries ( MOH, MOE, MOA, and MOWE ) and representatives from MOWSA and MOPD at the woreda level. The MOF will coordinate with the different implementing units and facilitate, if necessary, coordination meetings or arrangements with other implementing entities. In non-conflict-affected areas, the HCO M & E is aligned with government service delivery mandates in a multisectoral framework. All levels of government ( federal, regional and woreda ) will contribute to the M & E framework based on their service delivery accountability mandates. 83. The HCO M & E will rely on a mix of administrative and survey data for measuring results. The primary data source will be administrative data to strengthen existing M & E systems.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 16, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Aide Memoire will serve as a key monitoring tool to systematically track HCO progress. B.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Aide Memoire is described as a monitoring tool, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a key monitoring tool", + "does not explicitly indicate it is a structured collection of data", + "serves a purpose rather than being described as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Aide Memoire' is clearly presented as a monitoring tool rather than a direct source of data or a structured dataset. The phrase emphasizes its function in tracking progress, which implies it is likely an infrastructure or tool utilized for decision making or oversight rather than a dataset. The confusion might arise because the term sounds formal and could be interpreted as a project or system that contains data. However, without any indication of structured records or direct data sourcing, it's better viewed as a tool facilitating monitoring rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Aide Memoire is not a dataset as it represents a monitoring tool used for tracking HCO progress, lacking indications of containing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 251, + 290, + "named" + ], + [ + 186, + 189, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 293, + 297, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "Education Management Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 856, + 859, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 897, + 901, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 970, + 973, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a list of established data collection systems", + "described as a data collection system, not explicitly as a dataset", + "suggested to be managed by the central MOH, implying an infrastructural role" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is clearly positioned within a list of information systems, which indicates that it serves more of an infrastructural role. The phrasing around the EMIS suggests it is a system for data management and collection rather than being a collection of data itself. Models might confuse this with a dataset due to its capitalized format and its inclusion following the phrase 'data collection systems,' which might imply it holds data. However, the context clearly frames it as part of a structure to facilitate data collection rather than presenting it as a standalone dataset of records or analytics. The line is drawn here because, while EMIS certainly facilitates data management, its role is not that of a dataset but rather a system or tool that hosts and manages data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a data collection system rather than presenting itself as a structured dataset of records. It is categorized within a list of similar systems, reiterating its status as an infrastructure component." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 293, + 299, + "named" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "EMIS ) <> data type" + ], + [ + 970, + 973, + "EMIS ) <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured data collection system used for managing educational data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned alongside other systems but not specified as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is a part of a list of data collection systems mentioned by name (alongside 'NLA', 'UNISE', and 'DHIS2') but is characterized as a Management Information System (MIS). While it is likely that this particular system contains datasets related to educational data, it is functioning as an infrastructure or tool within the larger framework of data management rather than being cited as a standalone dataset for analysis. This distinction can lead models to mistakenly classify it as a dataset due to the naming convention (capitalization) and its proximity to other data sources, but the language surrounding it implies it serves functions beyond merely providing data. The lack of phrases like 'uses data from EMIS' further supports that it should be regarded as a management system rather than a dataset in this usage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMIS is classified as a management information system rather than a dataset due to its role in data collection and management, despite being included in a list of systems with data functions." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 301, + 304, + "named" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "NLA <> data type" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "NLA <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "NLA refers to a data collection system established by the MOE and MOH, which is used to gather and manage data for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known data collection systems", + "described as a data collection system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this excerpt, 'NLA' is positioned among several other systems like EMIS, UNISE, and DHIS2, all of which are described as data collection systems. The phrasing indicates that NLA functions as an infrastructure or tool established for data collection rather than a concrete dataset per se. The confusion might arise because it is capitalized and listed similarly to the other systems, which may lead a model to mislabel it as a dataset. However, the text does not present it as an actual dataset that contains records but rather as a part of the management information systems that gather and manage data. The definitive phrase structures imply that NLA is part of the broader data collection architecture rather than a specific pool of data used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NLA is better understood as a management information system for data collection rather than an explicit dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 306, + 355, + "named" + ], + [ + 347, + 355, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> data geography" + ], + [ + 358, + 363, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> acronym" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> data type" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> data description" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1290, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "The Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of nutrition-related indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known data collection systems", + "described as a data collection system", + "linked to other systems without mention of data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia' is presented as one of the established data collection systems, alongside others like the Education Management Information System (EMIS) and District Health Information System (DHIS2). While it does reference a structured method for collecting nutrition-related indicators, the language used indicates that it's treated as part of a broader information system framework rather than as a distinct dataset itself. It is described as a 'data collection system' which implies its role is to facilitate data gathering rather than serve as a standalone source of data. This may lead to confusion for models that interpret terms with 'system' in the name as datasets just because they relate to data collection, but in this case, it's more appropriate to consider it a tool or infrastructure for storing and managing data rather than an actual dataset. The mention doesn't highlight it as a primary data source for the analysis, which further supports this interpretation, as it's linked with other systems and does not stand alone as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia' behaves more like an information infrastructure that collects and manages data, rather than being treated as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 358, + 365, + "named" + ], + [ + 347, + 355, + "UNISE ) <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "UNISE ) <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UNISE is a data collection system established to gather and manage nutrition-related data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as a data collection system rather than a dataset; mentioned within a list of other information systems; linked to project activities and strengthening efforts rather than data analysis itself", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNISE' refers specifically to the Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia. The surrounding text describes it as a data collection system established by the Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Health (MOH) alongside other systems. This implies that UNISE functions more as an infrastructure or operational framework for collecting nutrition-related data rather than a standalone dataset that could be analyzed directly. The presence of phrases like 'data collection systems' along with similar systems further supports this interpretation. The confusion could arise from the term being capitalized and appearing in a structured list, giving it a name-like quality that often leads models to identify it as a dataset. However, no explicit indication is given that UNISE itself is a dataset being directly utilized for analysis; instead, it's part of a system of systems aimed at managing data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, UNISE is not treated as a dataset but rather as a data collection system that supports data management and collection processes." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 371, + 405, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 197, + "District Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 532, + 554, + "District Health Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 688, + 691, + "District Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "District Health Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The District Health Information System (DHIS2) is a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'established data collection systems through...'", + "described as regularly collecting data from service delivery units", + "system but mentioned as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'District Health Information System' (DHIS2) is explicitly associated with data collection and management, and it is clearly identified within a list of other established data collection systems. The phrasing indicates that DHIS2 serves as a crucial data source for health information, which is essential for monitoring and evaluation efforts in the health sector. Even though DHIS2 is a management information system that may also facilitate various operational tasks, the surrounding context explicitly presents it as a source of data collection. This dual nature could cause confusion, as the term might be construed as primarily infrastructure; however, the emphasis on its role in regularly collecting data shifts its classification towards that of a dataset in this instance. This context provides strong signals that categorize it correctly as a significant data source, hence justifying classifying it as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the District Health Information System is treated as a dataset because it is described as a source of health data collection and management, positioned alongside other known datasets, and specifically highlighted for monitoring and evaluation purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 408, + 415, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 62, + "DHIS2 ) <> data geography" + ], + [ + 703, + 719, + "DHIS2 ) <> data type" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "DHIS2 ) <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a data management system that regularly collects and manages health-related data from service delivery units, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data management system", + "classified alongside other management information systems", + "mentioned in regard to data collection and management, not as a data source itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is clearly identified as a data management system rather than a dataset. Although it is mentioned in a list alongside other systems (EMIS and UNISE), the discussion strictly refers to its role in data management and collection. The text does not explicitly state that the analysis directly uses a dataset derived from DHIS2, but rather focuses on the broader function of the system in the context of health data management. The emphasis on management, linkage to service delivery units, and mention of responsibilities regarding data management reinforces that DHIS2 acts as infrastructural support rather than as a concrete dataset intended for direct analysis. The model might have mistaken it for a dataset due to its capitalization, structured mention in a list, and association with data collection, which can sometimes suggest a dataset context. However, it is more appropriate to delineate it here as a management system with a broader function than merely containing a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 functions as a data management system, managing health data, rather than as a specific dataset. The description emphasizes its role in infrastructure and data management rather than providing a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 497, + 502, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 62, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 194, + 197, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 532, + 554, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 572, + 575, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 703, + 719, + "DHIS2 <> data type" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "DHIS2 <> data type" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs.", + "type": "data management system", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a data management system that regularly collects and manages health-related data from service delivery units, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other information systems", + "described as a management information system", + "responsible for data management", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is identified as a management information system (MIS) specifically designed for the collection and management of health-related data. While it regularly collects data from service delivery units, the text explicitly categorizes it within a list of systems rather than as a standalone dataset. Additionally, it emphasizes its role in data management rather than being identified purely as a data source, as it connects and supports the operations of other systems like UNISE. This context indicates that DHIS2 functions more as an infrastructure that organizes and manages data, which may lead to confusion. A model might incorrectly classify it as a dataset because it looks like a proper name and follows a mention of data collection, but the phrasing indicates it is primarily a system rather than a concrete dataset used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS2 does not function as a dataset in this context; it is an information system that manages and collects data, rather than being a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 651, + 656, + "named" + ], + [ + 347, + 355, + "UNISE <> data geography" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "UNISE <> data type" + ], + [ + 856, + 859, + "UNISE <> publisher" + ], + [ + 970, + 973, + "UNISE <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "UNISE <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UNISE is a data collection system established to gather and manage nutrition-related data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data collection systems", + "described as an information system that aids in data management", + "linked to other systems for expanded coverage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, UNISE is cited alongside various management information systems (MIS) such as EMIS and DHIS2. The text clearly describes UNISE as a system set up for data collection rather than a concrete dataset. It supports the broader data infrastructure for monitoring nutrition-related data but does not present its own standalone dataset. Additionally, this mention appears more as part of a project alignment focused on strengthening these systems rather than a primary source of structured data used directly in analysis. The model may have misinterpreted UNISE as a dataset because it was described in a data-focused context, but it lacks the essential characteristics of being an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UNISE refers to a data collection system rather than a dataset itself, as it is discussed in the context of various management information systems and does not present a standalone structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 677, + 682, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 62, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 532, + 554, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "DHIS2 <> data type" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs.", + "type": "data management system", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a data management system that regularly collects and manages health-related data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data management system", + "described as regularly collecting data", + "not referred to as a dataset but as a system linked to other frameworks" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is described as a data management system rather than explicitly a dataset. While it does regularly collect data, it is involved in managing this data rather than being the final structured collection referred to for analysis. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in data management for health indicators, which points towards its function as a system that processes and organizes data rather than being the dataset itself. The previous judgment about it being a dataset likely stemmed from the automatic associations with structured data collection, but here, the focus is on the system aspect of DHIS2, which serves more as an infrastructure for data management. This distinction is essential to clarify when analyzing references to data sources versus systems or projects that may facilitate data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 should not be considered a dataset, as it is described as a data management system rather than a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 897, + 901, + "named" + ], + [ + 186, + 189, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 764, + 782, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 856, + 859, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 970, + 973, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured data collection system used for managing educational data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that collects varying aspects of data", + "mentioned as part of the responsibilities of the central MOE" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referred to as a management information system responsible for collecting educational data rather than an individual dataset. The mention emphasizes its role as a tool for managing data rather than providing direct data output or records. The description of EMIS as collecting 'varying aspects of data at the school level' indicates that it encompasses multiple datasets or data points rather than being a singular, defined dataset itself. The model likely extracted it as a dataset due to its capitalized form and the immediate association with data management, reflecting a misunderstanding where EMIS is interpreted as the primary data source. However, since it is referred to primarily as an information system in this passage, it is more appropriate to view it as infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is identified as a management information system responsible for collecting educational data, making it unsuitable to classify as a dataset in this specific context." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 46, + "text": "In addition, a survey will be conducted in sampled SPG woredas as part of the impact evaluation to measure composite indicators not collected through routine information systems. 71 The MOE and MOH have established data collection systems through the Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), NLA, Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ), and District Health Information System ( DHIS2 ), and the IPF component will strengthen these systems to meet M & E requirements. DHIS2 regularly collects data from service delivery units, and the central MOH is responsible for this data management system, including expansion of the UNISE, which is linked to DHIS2. The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Other M & E data sources will be coordinated with various implementation units and service providers. The SPG impact evaluation survey will be 71 Such as Minimal Acceptable Diet for children 6 \u2013 23 months. Minimal Acceptable Diet is calculated according to breasfeeding status, number of food groups consumed, and number of times fed. https: / / inddex. nutrition. tufts. edu / data4diets / indicator / minimum-acceptable-diet-mad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 906, + 909, + "named" + ], + [ + 1240, + 1263, + "NLA <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MOH will share HCO-related data with the regions and woredas to provide any disaggregated data needed to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs. Likewise, the central MOE is responsible for the management of EMIS and NLA which collects varying aspects of data at the school level. MOE will validate and share disaggregated data with regions and woredas to monitor HCO results indicators and DLIs.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "NLA is mentioned as a data collection system established by the MOE and MOH, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that collects data", + "mentioned as part of the responsibilities of a ministry", + "not specifically labeled or treated as a dataset in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NLA' appears to operate as a management information system, rather than as a standalone dataset. The surrounding language indicates its role as a system that collects various data at the school level, which suggests it functions as an infrastructure tool that gathers and organizes data rather than serving as a clearly defined dataset used directly for analysis. The phrase structure, where 'NLA' is mentioned alongside 'EMIS' in relation to responsibilities of the MOE, points towards it being a system for managing data rather than a discrete dataset itself. The potential confusion may arise from the model interpreting 'NLA' as a dataset due to its mention in the context of data collection; however, without explicit indicators that it is treated as an independent dataset, it should be categorized as part of the system infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NLA in this context serves as a management information system that collects and organizes school-level data rather than functioning as a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 47, + "text": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87. The capacity building interventions supported under the IPF component are described in more detail in Annex 8. The HCO includes a PAP to drive intermediate outputs linked to the achievement of the results outlined under each results area, and the IPF component ( subcomponent 2. 3 ) provides TA for the completion of activities in the PAP ( Annex 6 ). Key capacity building activities are summarized in section II. D above, and a more detailed description is provided in Annex 8. D. Capacity Building", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 279, + 284, + "named" + ], + [ + 470, + 477, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other management information systems", + "described as a system for data collection and entry", + "not explicitly used as a primary data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly referenced as a health management information system. The phrases such as 'data collection and entry for DHIS2' indicate that it is utilized to manage and process health data rather than being treated as a singular dataset. It is mentioned in conjunction with other systems (like UNISE and EMIS), implying it operates as an infrastructure for data rather than as a dataset itself. Furthermore, the manner in which it is integrated in the sentence doesn\u2019t showcase any empirical analysis relying directly on this system as an independent dataset, rather it suggests an operational role within overall data management. The confusion may arise from its capitalization and presence alongside data-related terms, which might lead a model to categorize it as a dataset even though it primarily functions as a tool or platform for data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, DHIS2 is not treated as a dataset but rather as a health management information system that supports data collection. The structure of the sentence emphasizes its role in facilitating data entry rather than serving as a standalone source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 47, + "text": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87. The capacity building interventions supported under the IPF component are described in more detail in Annex 8. The HCO includes a PAP to drive intermediate outputs linked to the achievement of the results outlined under each results area, and the IPF component ( subcomponent 2. 3 ) provides TA for the completion of activities in the PAP ( Annex 6 ). Key capacity building activities are summarized in section II. D above, and a more detailed description is provided in Annex 8. D. Capacity Building", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 286, + 291, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "UNISE appears to refer to a program or initiative related to data collection and monitoring, rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other structured data sources like DHIS2 and EMIS", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset", + "described in a context of capacity building and system support" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'UNISE' is mentioned in a context that focuses on supportive activities like training, staffing, and monitoring but does not explicitly describe it as a dataset. It appears in a list with clear data sources (DHIS2 and EMIS), which might lead to confusion about its classification. However, this mention is more aligned with a project, initiative, or management information system aimed at enhancing data collection rather than constituting a structured dataset itself. The model may have been misled by its placement in a contextual list that emphasizes data collection activities, leading to the false identification as a dataset. My evaluation suggests that while it is contextualized within a data-related framework, it does not stand alone as a structured collection of data for analysis. Thus, it should not be treated as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UNISE is better understood as a program or initiative related to data collection rather than an actual dataset, as it is described within a broader capacity-building framework and not explicitly characterized as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 47, + "text": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87. The capacity building interventions supported under the IPF component are described in more detail in Annex 8. The HCO includes a PAP to drive intermediate outputs linked to the achievement of the results outlined under each results area, and the IPF component ( subcomponent 2. 3 ) provides TA for the completion of activities in the PAP ( Annex 6 ). Key capacity building activities are summarized in section II. D above, and a more detailed description is provided in Annex 8. D. Capacity Building", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 297, + 301, + "named" + ], + [ + 470, + 477, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For Results area 2, TA will support capacity building activities, such as the creation of a multisectoral team at the woreda level, staffing of key specialists to support SPG implementation; provision of training for relevant staff; M & E including data collection and entry for DHIS2, UNISE, and EMIS; incentive mechanisms for the service delivery system; development of innovations for effective service delivery at federal and regional levels by focusing in selected woredas for demonstrations; and impact evaluation to assess the effectiveness of SPG interventions. 87.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside DHIS2 and UNISE, which are known databases", + "appears in a list of project activities rather than explicitly as a data source", + "referred to in the context of capacity building and staff training, indicating a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' seems to refer more to an Education Management Information System rather than a discrete dataset. The surroundings indicate that it plays a role in supporting processes such as data collection and entry rather than being a stand-alone data source. The context suggests it is part of a framework for managing educational data rather than a dataset itself. While EMIS is a structured collection of data, it functions more as an overarching system for education management and is mentioned in conjunction with other systems designed for data management, making it ambiguous as a dataset. Hence, the model may have confused it as a dataset primarily because of its technical naming and its involvement in data activities, but in this instance, it should be viewed as a system or platform that facilitates data management rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, EMIS is better understood as an Education Management Information System that supports data management processes rather than as an individual dataset for analysis, thus it is classified as not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 37 effectiveness of the government program, the IGFT system, in promoting MDGs was analyzed in the 2014 Poverty and Social Impact Assessment ( PSIA ) of Decentralized Basic Service Delivery in Ethiopia. 74 The assessment concluded that the IGFT system was effective in helping Ethiopia \u2019 s efforts to reach the MDGs. The 2014 PSIA also found the system to be pro-poor with the bulk of benefits of woreda-level spending accruing to the bottom 40 percent poorest in the country and that it helped reduce gender gaps and gaps between regions. Specific findings included that the poorest two quintiles received 58 percent of the benefits, that there was no negative bias against women in education and health expenditure, and that historically the most disadvantaged regions in the country benefitted the most from GPG allocations. 92. At the same time, the Ethiopian labor market clearly rewards investment in human capital and yields particularly positive returns for women. Data show important returns to both individuals and households from better human capital and that such investment contributes to reducing inequality both in access to services delivery and labor market outcomes. Evidence from the 2015 / 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey reveals that higher levels of education are associated with better earnings, an increased probability of wage employment, and increased likelihood of finding employment in more productive sectors.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1263, + 1304, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data show important returns to both individuals and households from better human capital and that such investment contributes to reducing inequality both in access to services delivery and labor market outcomes. Evidence from the 2015 / 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey reveals that higher levels of education are associated with better earnings, an increased probability of wage employment, and increased likelihood of finding employment in more productive sectors.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'evidence from'", + "described as a survey", + "indicates structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2015 / 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey' is mentioned explicitly as a source of evidence regarding socioeconomic factors. The phrase 'evidence from' clearly indicates that this term corresponds to a dataset produced from the survey, and surveys typically yield structured data sets intended for analysis. Unlike project names or management systems that merely contain or manage data, this survey is presented as a source of data used in the analysis, which consistently aligns with conventional terms used in social research documentation. Thus, it is reasonable to classify this as a dataset here. Models might confuse it with potential systems due to the formal naming structure and broad reference but the descriptive use and proper context solidify it as a concrete dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a concrete dataset derived from a structured survey, noted as a direct source of evidence for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 49, + "text": "Likewise, the public sector pays higher earnings, and an additional year of schooling increases the probability of employment in the public sector by 41 percent. An additional year of schooling also increases the probability of wage employment by 38 percent and non-wage self-employment by 19 percent compared to farming activity. Similarly, an additional year of schooling increases the probability of working in industry sectors by 31 percent and in service sectors by 28 percent compared to the agricultural sector. Furthermore, an additional year of schooling reduces the likelihood of falling below the poverty line by 14 percent. 95. Educated women are more likely to receive better returns than educated men, thereby reinforcing the fact that education is a tool that helps foster equality and promote inclusive growth. An additional year of schooling increases the chances of finding paid employment by 9 percent for women compared to 8 percent for men. An additional year of schooling for females also increases the likelihood of being employed in the public sector, provides greater opportunities for working in more productive sectors and with employment contracts, and reduces the chances of falling below the national poverty line in numbers greater than their male 74 See World Bank Report 84215-ET. 75 Estimate based on Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) 2019", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1335, + 1378, + "named" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1296, + "Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1343, + "Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1388, + 1392, + "Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "An additional year of schooling for females also increases the likelihood of being employed in the public sector, provides greater opportunities for working in more productive sectors and with employment contracts, and reduces the chances of falling below the national poverty line in numbers greater than their male 74 See World Bank Report 84215-ET. 75 Estimate based on Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) 2019", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding living standards in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Estimate based on'", + "described as a survey that collects data on living standards" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey' is being used as a basis for estimating a specific outcome related to employment and poverty, which indicates that it functions as a primary source of data. The text clearly states that the estimates mentioned are based on this survey, suggesting that it is not just a project name or management information system, but instead serves as a concrete dataset that has been analyzed to derive these insights. The fact that it is associated with structured data collection on living standards further strengthens its identity as a dataset rather than merely a project or system. The model might have been confused if it saw similar phrases used for other types of sources, but in this case, the contextual relationship reveals that it is indeed a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Ethiopia Living Standard Measurement Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is directly referred to as the basis for estimates in the analysis, indicating it collects structured data relevant to the study." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 51, + "text": "There is an overall improvement in the financial management function of the government through institutionalized trainings on PFM, woreda benchmarks to assess and support woredas, as well as improvements in internal control processes. With regards to procurement, the existing Proclamation No. 649 / 2009, which has been governing procurement for more than 10 years, will be replaced by the new proclamation that is expected to be ratified at the federal level soon. Following this, regional administrations are expected to revise their laws accordingly. On the other hand, progress is noted in the improved function of procurement regulatory bodies, which are registering procurement process data and reporting on procurement performance through agreed KPIs, though reporting needs further improvement. Similarly, regional regulatory bodies are making efforts to deliver on their responsibility to undertake procurement audits on procurement implementing institutions, with improvement needed in the quality and coverage of these audits. The government has also established a checks and balances system to handle fraud and corruption risks and complaints through the Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission ( FEACC ) and the Regional Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commissions ( REACCs ) which have a responsibility for prevention activities. The recently completed World Bank financed PFM project has achieved results in the areas of strengthening information technology systems of the government ( IFMIS and e-procurement ); maintaining the currently used system at the woreda level ( IBEX ); institutionalizing PFM trainings; professionalization of procurement function;", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1503, + 1508, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The government has also established a checks and balances system to handle fraud and corruption risks and complaints through the Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission ( FEACC ) and the Regional Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commissions ( REACCs ) which have a responsibility for prevention activities. The recently completed World Bank financed PFM project has achieved results in the areas of strengthening information technology systems of the government ( IFMIS and e-procurement ); maintaining the currently used system at the woreda level ( IBEX ); institutionalizing PFM trainings; professionalization of procurement function;", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information technology system", + "mentioned alongside another system (IBEX)", + "no direct mention as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMIS' is primarily mentioned as part of a broader description of systems aimed at improving governance and financial management, rather than as a standalone dataset. The term appears after a description of efforts to strengthen information technology systems, which indicates that it serves as a tool or framework for managing financial information rather than representing a specific collection of data. Although it follows phrases that could suggest data usage, the context emphasizes its role as a management information system, seen in conjunction with e-procurement and without any direct reference to data records or computations being derived from it. This can lead to confusion as the extraction model might detect 'IFMIS' being mentioned in a sentence that discusses data-related initiatives and assume it functions in the same manner as datasets which are typically explicitly referenced as data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as an integrated financial management information system. It's described as a system for governance rather than a structured collection of data used specifically for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 51, + "text": "There is an overall improvement in the financial management function of the government through institutionalized trainings on PFM, woreda benchmarks to assess and support woredas, as well as improvements in internal control processes. With regards to procurement, the existing Proclamation No. 649 / 2009, which has been governing procurement for more than 10 years, will be replaced by the new proclamation that is expected to be ratified at the federal level soon. Following this, regional administrations are expected to revise their laws accordingly. On the other hand, progress is noted in the improved function of procurement regulatory bodies, which are registering procurement process data and reporting on procurement performance through agreed KPIs, though reporting needs further improvement. Similarly, regional regulatory bodies are making efforts to deliver on their responsibility to undertake procurement audits on procurement implementing institutions, with improvement needed in the quality and coverage of these audits. The government has also established a checks and balances system to handle fraud and corruption risks and complaints through the Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission ( FEACC ) and the Regional Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commissions ( REACCs ) which have a responsibility for prevention activities. The recently completed World Bank financed PFM project has achieved results in the areas of strengthening information technology systems of the government ( IFMIS and e-procurement ); maintaining the currently used system at the woreda level ( IBEX ); institutionalizing PFM trainings; professionalization of procurement function;", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1590, + 1594, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The government has also established a checks and balances system to handle fraud and corruption risks and complaints through the Federal Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission ( FEACC ) and the Regional Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commissions ( REACCs ) which have a responsibility for prevention activities. The recently completed World Bank financed PFM project has achieved results in the areas of strengthening information technology systems of the government ( IFMIS and e-procurement ); maintaining the currently used system at the woreda level ( IBEX ); institutionalizing PFM trainings; professionalization of procurement function;", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IBEX refers to a financial management system used at the woreda level, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside systems like IFMIS and e-procurement", + "described as maintaining a system, not a specific data source", + "indicates usage in a financial management context rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IBEX' is referred to as a financial management system used at the woreda level, which implies that it serves as a tool for managing financial processes rather than being a structured dataset on its own. It is mentioned in proximity to other systems (like IFMIS) and is described in the context of strengthening information technology systems rather than serving as an explicit data source. The model might have been confused because 'IBEX' sounds capitalized and appears in a technical setting where data systems are discussed; however, the text emphasizes its role as an operational system rather than a data repository. The line is drawn here because the language used does not attribute it with characteristics typical of datasets (such as having structured records intended for analysis).", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IBEX is not treated as a dataset here, as it is referred to as a financial management system rather than a specific structured data source. The context highlights its operational function, which distinguishes it from being categorized as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 40 and building capacity of oversight entities. 104. Key fiduciary arrangements have been put in place to ensure that resources are used for the intended purpose. The budget and expenditure for the sectors to be supported are clearly identifiable in the government \u2019 s budget and expenditure system of the IBEX at the regional and IFMIS at the federal level. The expenditure of the sectors is subject to internal as well as external audit reviews by the Office of Federal and Regional Auditor Generals ( OF / RAGs ). In addition, Program-specific audit exists which is done on a continual basis and annually. The audit terms of reference are updated for HCO to look into payroll in more detail as 90 percent of the expenditure framework is expected to be for salary of these basic service sectors. Quarterly financial reports are produced from the government system and consolidated at the federal level, and submitted to and reviewed by the World Bank. Relevant staff are placed at all levels to ensure that the system continues to function well. PFM institutionalized training is available which supports the system to deliver as expected. Procurement audits and fraud and corruption reports are also part of the operation \u2019 s arrangements for the pilot SPG woredas.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 366, + 370, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Key fiduciary arrangements have been put in place to ensure that resources are used for the intended purpose. The budget and expenditure for the sectors to be supported are clearly identifiable in the government \u2019 s budget and expenditure system of the IBEX at the regional and IFMIS at the federal level. The expenditure of the sectors is subject to internal as well as external audit reviews by the Office of Federal and Regional Auditor Generals ( OF / RAGs ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IBEX refers to a government budget and expenditure system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a government budget and expenditure system", + "not mentioned as a data source", + "functions as infrastructure rather than a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IBEX' is clearly identified as a system that manages government budget and expenditure information. The phrases used suggest that IBEX is part of the structures and processes in place to manage resources rather than a dataset containing raw or structured records for analysis. The text does not indicate that IBEX is being used to extract data or analyze datasets; rather, it emphasizes its role as a system of record. While the extraction model may have identified 'IBEX' as a potential dataset due to its capitalization and proximity to phrases that imply data usage, it lacks specific contextual signals indicating that it functions as a dataset in a traditional research sense. The absence of terms that directly reference data extraction or analysis further reinforces the understanding that IBEX is infrastructure, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IBEX refers to a government budget and expenditure system, not a dataset, as it does not serve as a standalone data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 40 and building capacity of oversight entities. 104. Key fiduciary arrangements have been put in place to ensure that resources are used for the intended purpose. The budget and expenditure for the sectors to be supported are clearly identifiable in the government \u2019 s budget and expenditure system of the IBEX at the regional and IFMIS at the federal level. The expenditure of the sectors is subject to internal as well as external audit reviews by the Office of Federal and Regional Auditor Generals ( OF / RAGs ). In addition, Program-specific audit exists which is done on a continual basis and annually. The audit terms of reference are updated for HCO to look into payroll in more detail as 90 percent of the expenditure framework is expected to be for salary of these basic service sectors. Quarterly financial reports are produced from the government system and consolidated at the federal level, and submitted to and reviewed by the World Bank. Relevant staff are placed at all levels to ensure that the system continues to function well. PFM institutionalized training is available which supports the system to deliver as expected. Procurement audits and fraud and corruption reports are also part of the operation \u2019 s arrangements for the pilot SPG woredas.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 391, + 396, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Key fiduciary arrangements have been put in place to ensure that resources are used for the intended purpose. The budget and expenditure for the sectors to be supported are clearly identifiable in the government \u2019 s budget and expenditure system of the IBEX at the regional and IFMIS at the federal level. The expenditure of the sectors is subject to internal as well as external audit reviews by the Office of Federal and Regional Auditor Generals ( OF / RAGs ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a system used for managing financial data, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a financial management information system", + "mentioned in the context of a budgeting system", + "not described as containing data specifically for research or analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this text, 'IFMIS' is clearly referenced as an Integrated Financial Management Information System. The context indicates that it is part of the infrastructure used for budgeting and expenditure at the federal level. While it does involve data management, it is fundamentally a system designed to oversee financial management processes, not a dataset composed of structured records for analysis purposes. The extraction model may have confused it because it was mentioned alongside \u2018IBEX\u2019, another system, which may have led to it being codified as a dataset due to their similar roles. However, 'IFMIS' lacks the characteristics of a dataset, as it is not presented as a data source in a research context but as a functional system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMIS' is not a dataset but rather a management information system for financial data management, serving as infrastructure rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 570, + 574, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 608, + 611, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an annual process", + "used in data collection methodology", + "mentioned alongside other data systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' appears to refer to an annual Education Management Information System rather than a concrete dataset. The text indicates that EMIS is involved in a data collection process, which suggests it functions more as a system or infrastructure that facilitates data management and collection rather than being just a data source itself. The mention of EMIS in connection with other systems (like RRS and UNHCR) that are active in data collection reinforces the notion of it being part of a broader framework of data management. Additionally, since EMIS is described as an annual process used by the Ministry of Education to collect data, this emphasizes its role as a management tool rather than a standalone dataset, leading to the conclusion that it should not be categorized as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS should not be treated as a dataset in this context because it describes a management information system involved in the data collection process rather than presenting a distinct set of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 576, + 579, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "RRS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "RRS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RRS refers to a registry that collects data related to refugee host communities, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a source for data collection", + "mentioned multiple times in context with data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term RRS appears listed among other clearly defined datasets such as EMIS and UNHCR, and it follows the context of a methodological framework where data sources are identified explicitly for reporting indicators. The text implies that RRS is relevant for data collection pertaining to specific performance indicators, which suggests that it functions as a data source. Furthermore, it is implied that RRS captures structured information related to refugee host communities through annual data collection processes. Although RRS might be interpreted as an information system or registry, its mention in a context where it acts as a source for measuring specific indicators cements its role as a dataset. This could lead a model to classify it as a dataset due to its association with structured records, even if it operates as part of a larger system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "RRS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly linked to data collection for performance indicators, recognized alongside other data collectors, and is functional in gathering structured data, despite potentially representing a system." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 631, + 635, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to the Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating educational indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a management information system that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to the Education Management Information System, and while it is indeed a system, it is explicitly mentioned as a data source for measuring educational indicators. The sentence structure indicates that EMIS is being utilized to collect and analyze data on girls' survival rates in secondary school, which implies it functions as a concrete source of data in this instance. The model likely flagged 'EMIS' as a dataset because it follows phrases like 'data from' and is grouped with other data sources like DHIS2 and RRS. However, the underlying confusion may arise from the dual nature of 'EMIS' as both a systems platform and a dataset. Because it is being directly referenced in terms of data collection and analysis, it aligns more closely with dataset functionality here, even though it is technically a management information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is treated as a dataset because it explicitly functions as a data source for monitoring indicators, reflecting its practical use in data collection and evaluation." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 656, + 659, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "RRS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "RRS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RRS refers to a registry that collects data related to refugees and host communities, which is used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described in context as contributing to data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RRS' is positioned among other datasets like 'EMIS' and 'UNHCR', indicating that it is being used as a source of data for monitoring and evaluation related to educational outcomes for girls, particularly in refugee contexts. The sentence structure suggests that RRS is integral to the data collection methodology being described. Although RRS may also represent a system, the emphasis on its role in data collection alongside other datasets portrays it as part of a larger corpus of data used for analysis. This could lead to confusion for models that may misclassify RRS based on its project/management information system characteristics, viewing it solely as an infrastructure rather than a significant source of data in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "RRS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is used explicitly in data collection alongside confirmed datasets, which aligns with its purpose of providing data for the analysis being discussed." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 995, + 1000, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1065, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ], + [ + 1145, + 1148, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses data from'", + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a health management information system that collects and manages health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'DHIS2' is mentioned alongside RRS and UNHCR as part of the data sources for measuring specific indicators related to health outcomes. The phrasing 'data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2' strongly indicates that DHIS2 is being used as a source for these health data records. Although it is a health management information system, it is treated here as a repository of structured health data relevant for analysis of health indicators. The model may have been initially confused by its dual role as a system (an infrastructure for data collection) and as a dataset (the actual records gathered from that system). However, because it is specified in a way that shows it is being utilized for data collection and reports, it fits the definition of a dataset in this context. The distinction is drawn based on its explicit use as a source for collected data rather than just as a label for the system itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is used as a source of health data for analysis rather than simply representing the system, indicating that it functions as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1002, + 1005, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "RRS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1111, + 1116, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1145, + 1148, + "RRS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RRS refers to a registry that collects data related to refugee host communities, which is used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets (EMIS, UNHCR, DHIS2)", + "described as collecting data related to refugee host communities", + "mentioned as a data source in the context of indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, RRS behaves like a dataset rather than just a project or system. The entire excerpt outlines various indicators and how they are measured, with RRS directly linked to data collection processes for monitoring and evaluation concerning refugee communities. Its mention alongside other established data sources reinforces its role as a data provider for these specific evaluations. The phrase 'data collected by MoE through RRS and UNHCR' suggests RRS acts as a source of structured records, fulfilling the criteria often associated with datasets. Therefore, while the name might imply a system or program, the context clearly indicates that RRS is utilized as a dataset here. The model could have been confused due to the ambiguity of whether RRS is a system or a compiled dataset, but given the context, it must be considered the latter in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "RRS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly used as a source of data for specific monitoring and evaluation indicators, and it is mentioned alongside other recognized datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1010, + 1015, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "UNHCH appears to refer to an organization involved in data collection rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list with other data sources (EMIS, RRS)", + "described as part of the methodology for data collection", + "appears to refer to an organization rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNHCH' follows other established data sources (EMIS, RRS) and is discussed in the methodology for collecting data, which could lead to confusion. However, the overall phrasing and lack of explicit reference to 'UNHCH' as a dataset suggest it is likely referring to an organization (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) involved in data collection rather than being a structured dataset itself. A model might have recognized it as a dataset due to its listing alongside recognized data sources and its proper name formatting, which typically indicates quantity or collection. The misunderstanding arises from its contextual placement with other data sources, combined with its official nomenclature, rather than an explicit categorization of being a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UNHCH' is treated more as an organization involved in data collection rather than as an actual dataset itself, as indicated by the phrasing and purpose it serves in the methodology." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1085, + 1090, + "named" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1065, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ], + [ + 1145, + 1148, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a system that collects health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'DHIS2' is mentioned as a source of data in conjunction with other known datasets like EMIS and RRS. The phrase 'data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2' implies that it is being used as a structured data source for health information, presenting it in a way that aligns with the other datasets mentioned. Although DHIS2 is a health management information system, in this instance, it is being referred to within the methodology as a source for specific health indicators. This is a critical cue that the text sees DHIS2 not just as an infrastructure or tool, but as a data source for analysis, consistent with the datasets listed in the same section. However, it is not merely a project name or a management system without data relevance here; it's actively utilized for data collection in this evaluation context. The confusion for a model might arise from the duality of DHIS2 as both a system and a data store \u2014 many models perceive all listed items in such contexts as datasets if they fit certain syntactic patterns, like following a data usage phrase.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly mentioned as a source of data used for analysis, alongside other datasets, and described as collecting structured health data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1103, + 1106, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "RRS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "RRS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1488, + 1493, + "RRS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RRS refers to a registry that collects data related to refugee host communities, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described in context of data collection methodology" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, RRS appears alongside other clearly recognized data sources like EMIS and UNHCR. It is referenced as part of the methodology for data collection regarding various indicators, which indicates it functions as an actual dataset rather than merely a tool or infrastructure. The mention of RRS follows a phrase 'through RRS and UNHCR', suggesting that it serves as a data support reference in the analysis of indicators. While RRS could also represent a registry or system, its role in the context, especially with how data is structured and collected, aligns it closely with functioning as a dataset. This could confuse the model if it interpreted RRS solely as a project name without considering its data-related implications in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "RRS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is involved directly in the data collection methodology for the indicators being measured, and it is listed with other established data sources, which reinforces its role as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 53. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1480, + 1483, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "RRS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "RRS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 673, + 697, + "RRS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 survival rate in secondary school in all regions including areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees This indicator measures the share of a cohort of female students enrolled in Grade 9 who successfully completed secondary schools and it will be measured by using a \u2018 synthetic cohort method \u2019. Annual EMIS, RRS and UNHCR Data collected by MoE through the annual EMIS process and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MOE / EMIS Directorate Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and zinc in low performing regions The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in the low performing regions Annual DHIS2, RRS and UNHCH in refugee host communities Data collected by MoH through the annual DHIS2 and through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities MoH Woredas that engage citizens in planning and budgeting including in areas affected by conflict, droughts and high levels of refugees in conflict affected areas The percentage of woredas that conduct pre-budget discussion with at least 40 % participation of women Annual Administrative data / reports from regions including through RRS and UNHCR in refugee host communities Use", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "RRS refers to a registry that collects data related to various indicators, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "mentioned only alongside other known data sources", + "described as related to EMIS and UNHCR, which are explicitly mentioned as data sources", + "RRS appears more as a system/tool rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RRS' is presented alongside other recognized systems (like EMIS and UNHCR) which are clearly established as data sources. The phrasing indicates that RRS serves as a conduit for data collection rather than being a standalone dataset. The text does not elaborate on the contents or specific structured records generated by RRS; instead, it groups it with other systems used for gathering data. This creates confusion because RRS might seem like it could be a dataset due to its mention in the context of data collection, but it is more apt to view it as a management information system or a project that facilitates data gathering rather than as a dataset that actually contains the data itself. The model likely flagged this as a dataset due to its capitalized acronym format and its inclusion in lists formed with other data sources without recognizing the nuances in context indicating it is referenced in a systemic role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, RRS is not considered a dataset because it is described in conjunction with other established systems that provide data, suggesting that it operates as a tool for data collection rather than serving as a distinct dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 67, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 55. Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Girls \u2019 promotion rate from grade 11 to 12, nationwide The indicator is measured by the proportion of girls enrolled in grade 11 at a given school year who study in the grade 12 in the following school year. The indicator will be calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year. Annual EMIS Annual school census system MOE Percentage of secondary schools that have received IEC materials and conducted at least one school community workshop on climate change awareness using the materials in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures the share of secondary schools that received prepared IEC materials for climate awareness and held at leas onw school community workshop using the materials. The IDD supports the design of the materials needed to raise awareness of the CCE and indicators follow the schools receiving the materials and conducting Year 3 and 4 Questionnaire s will be developed to keep track on number of secondary schools received the IEC materials and workshop In each SPG, the woreda education officer will keep a record of details of IEC materials distributed to secondary schools.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 658, + 662, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 663, + 683, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The indicator will be calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year. Annual EMIS Annual school census system MOE Percentage of secondary schools that have received IEC materials and conducted at least one school community workshop on climate change awareness using the materials in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures the share of secondary schools that received prepared IEC materials for climate awareness and held at leas onw school community workshop using the materials. The IDD supports the design of the materials needed to raise awareness of the CCE and indicators follow the schools receiving the materials and conducting Year 3 and 4 Questionnaire s will be developed to keep track on number of secondary schools received the IEC materials and workshop In each SPG, the woreda education officer will keep a record of details of IEC materials distributed to secondary schools.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education, used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a school census system", + "described as a management information system", + "not explicitly mentioned as a source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referred to as an 'Annual school census system', indicating that it functions as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset. While it may collect, store, and manage data related to education, it is fundamentally a system designed for processing information rather than a direct dataset itself. The model may have categorized this term as a dataset due to its structured nature and the explicit reference to data collection. However, the terminology suggests that it's more akin to a tool that organizes and maintains data rather than an independent dataset with its own analytical focus. Moreover, the description surrounding EMIS emphasizes its role in gathering data without clearly designating it as a dataset involved in the analysis presented.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is viewed as a management information system that collects educational data rather than a standalone dataset, hence it is not considered a dataset for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 590, + 594, + "named" + ], + [ + 626, + 639, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 640, + 643, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 654, + 705, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education, used for monitoring and analysis of educational statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an annual data collection through school census", + "mentioned as a system for gathering data", + "does not specify concrete data being used in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is presented as part of a description of an information system that is used for annual data collection in education, specifically related to a school census. The mention specifies that it collects educational statistics, indicating that it functions as an infrastructure rather than a direct dataset. Phrases such as 'annual data collection through school census' suggest that EMIS facilitates the collection and management of data but doesn't represent the data itself in a concrete, analyzable format. The model may have mistakenly tagged it as a dataset due to its capitalization and the context implying it aggregates and manages records. However, without indication of specific data points being sourced from EMIS for analysis, it leans more towards being a tool or system rather than a standalone dataset. This highlights the potential confusion around the boundaries between data systems and the datasets they contain.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' acts more as a management information system for data collection rather than a specific dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 648, + 653, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "WOFED refers to an organization (Woreda Finance and Economic Development) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project or organization", + "not referred to as a data source", + "enumerated alongside other project activities rather than datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WOFED' refers to the Woreda Finance and Economic Development organization, which is involved in project activities and data reporting but is not a dataset itself. It appears multiple times in relation to project reporting activities (e.g., 'Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings') and is not highlighted as a structured collection of data. Furthermore, the context around 'WOFED' discusses its involvement in processes (like verifying reports or attending meetings), making it clear that it serves more as a coordinating body rather than a distinct dataset. The confusion may arise because 'WOFED' could be perceived as a formal entity that contributes to data collection or reporting, which might suggest it has data; however, it lacks the characteristics of an actual dataset as it is not portrayed as a direct source of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WOFED is not a dataset in this context but rather an organization involved in project management and reporting." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 907, + 912, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "UNISE <> publisher" + ], + [ + 626, + 639, + "UNISE <> data type" + ], + [ + 654, + 705, + "UNISE <> reference population" + ], + [ + 991, + 1055, + "UNISE <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UNISE refers to a database that collects and manages data related to education and health indicators in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in conjunction with other systems (DHIS2)", + "not clearly identified as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNISE' is presented alongside 'DHIS2', indicating that both are systems rather than direct datasets. The phrase 'data collected by woreda health offices' suggests that UNISE functions as an infrastructure or tool for data collection and management rather than a standalone dataset. The mention of 'Annual EMIS' prior to UNISE also reinforces this, indicating structured data collection over time rather than referring to a single actual dataset. The model may have been misled to classify UNISE as a dataset due to its appearance in a data-related context and the mention of data collection, but the parameters of the surrounding information clarify its role as a system. If a model was trained to prioritize appearances of proper nouns in data contexts, it might have incorrectly categorized UNISE as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, UNISE is not treated as a dataset, but rather as part of a management information system for data collection related to health and education, indicated by its association with DHIS2 and the description of data collection processes." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 915, + 920, + "named" + ], + [ + 654, + 705, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 979, + 982, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 991, + 1055, + "DHIS2 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system used for data collection and management, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in conjunction with UNISE", + "described as part of data collection by woreda health offices", + "linked to an annual data collection process" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is positioned alongside 'UNISE' and described as a source for data collected by health offices. It does not seem to be cited as a singular data dataset but rather as an information system through which health data is processed and reported. The reference to 'data collected by woreda health offices' implies that DHIS2 serves as a tool or infrastructure to manage health information rather than being a dataset itself. This distinction is crucial as systems typically handle data rather than form the datasets used in analyses. The model may have classified DHIS2 as a dataset due to its capitalization and the presence of phrases suggesting it is involved in data collection; however, it functions more like a framework for aggregating data rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, DHIS2 operates as a health information system used for data management and collection, rather than an explicit dataset used in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1167, + 1172, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "WOFED refers to an organization (Woreda Finance and Economic Development) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as Woreda Finance and Economic Development organization", + "follows \u2018submitted by\u2019 indicating it is a reporting entity rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'WOFED' is referenced multiple times and is described primarily in relation to organizational activities, such as submitting quarterly meeting minutes and being responsible for financial and economic development. The text outlines the involvement of WOFED in various reporting capacities, indicating it functions as an administrative body and not as a concrete source of structured data. While it could be involved in data collection or analysis, it does not directly fit the criteria of a dataset as it lacks references emphasizing structured data collection or the utilization of data for analysis. A model could have confused 'WOFED' as a dataset mention due to its capitalization and the association with data reporting; however, it is clear in this context that WOFED is acting as a project or organizational reference that generates and submits reports instead of being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WOFED is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an organization responsible for financial and economic management rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1247, + 1252, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 57 refugee host areas percentage of refugee children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc in high refugee host areas Share of new entrants in the first grade of primary school attended pre-primary education in 29 selected SPG woredas The indicator measures children enrolled in the first year of primary school with some exposure to preschool education and calculated by dividing the gross enrollment rate for pre-primary level by the gross intake rate of primary level. Annual EMIS Annual data collection through school census MOE and WOFED Pregnant women & caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in Community Conversations ( CC ) in 29 selected SPG woredas These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Annual UNISE / DHIS2 UNISE / DHIS2 - - Data collected by woreda health offices MOH and MOF Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS Annual Admin WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members signed to MOF WOFED Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Project M & E Questionnaires will be developed to keep track on number of beneficiaries MOE and WOEFD", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "WOFED refers to an organization (Woreda Finance and Economic Development) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as Woreda Finance and Economic Development, indicating an organization", + "mentioned in the context of reporting and operational activities rather than data collection", + "described as submitting meeting minutes and reports, not as a source of structured data", + "other terms in the context indicate data collection (e.g., EMIS) rather than WOFED itself being a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WOFED' is identified as an organization and not a standalone dataset. It serves administrative and reporting functions, referencing meeting minutes and submittals to governmental bodies like the Ministry of Finance (MOF). While it is part of a data collection process, the way it is presented indicates that it does not contain structured data records, but rather facilitates the operational aspects of data reporting. This could confuse a model that mistakes administrative references for concrete data sources, particularly given its capitalization and structural placement in the text. The mention alongside specific data collection activities could mislead the model into viewing it as a dataset due to the formal context of data reporting, despite it being more of an institutional designation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'WOFED' is not treated as a dataset in this instance, as it refers to an organizational entity responsible for economic and development activities rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 80, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 68. Verification Protocol Table: Disbursement Linked Indicators DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 1 Girls \u2019 promotion rate from grade 11 to 12, nationwide Description The improvement in grils enrollment is measured by the proportion of girls enrolled in grade 11 at a given school year who study in the grade 12 in the following school year. The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 600, + 604, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 151, + 156, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 657, + 660, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 801, + 811, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 894, + 904, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured collection of data related to education, used for monitoring and analysis of enrollment and performance indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a process for data collection", + "follows 'data source / Agency EMIS'", + "indicates that it is a source of verified information", + "used in the context of education statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that is being utilized as a source to collect and verify educational data, specifically for tracking enrolment figures. The text indicates that EMIS plays a crucial role in gathering data, which is then verified and used in larger reports to agencies like the World Bank. The phrases such as 'data source / Agency EMIS' and 'data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process' suggest that EMIS is not just a vague system but a structured process for data that leads to empirical outputs. While EMIS often denotes an information system, in this context, it directly feeds into a concrete dataset of enrollment figures, serving a vital role in educational monitoring. The possible confusion for an automated model arises from the general nature of 'system' in EMIS, which can blur the lines between a data repository and a more comprehensive data management system, yet the specific context indicates its function as a primary data reference.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' serves as a definitive data source for educational enrollment figures, thus it is treated as a dataset. Its function in the specific context aligns with the requirements of a dataset, as it provides structured data used in analysis and reporting." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 80, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 68. Verification Protocol Table: Disbursement Linked Indicators DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 1 Girls \u2019 promotion rate from grade 11 to 12, nationwide Description The improvement in grils enrollment is measured by the proportion of girls enrolled in grade 11 at a given school year who study in the grade 12 in the following school year. The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 680, + 684, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 660, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 801, + 811, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 894, + 904, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to the Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used to track and analyze educational statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as a system responsible for data collection", + "indicates data is collected through the annual EMIS process, pointing to a procedural role rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the highlighted text, 'EMIS' is clearly identified as an Educational Management Information System, which indicates it's more of an infrastructure or tool for data management rather than a standalone dataset. It describes the process of data collection and verification, indicating that the emphasis is on the system administering and processing the data rather than the data itself. Although the mention of 'data source' and the context suggests it provides input for analysis, the language used points to its role in the broader context of data handling and education management. A model might have misidentified it as a dataset due to capitalized nomenclature and the context of data source references, which can often lead to confusion when systems are involved.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not a concrete dataset but rather a system that facilitates data collection and management related to educational statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 80, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 68. Verification Protocol Table: Disbursement Linked Indicators DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 1 Girls \u2019 promotion rate from grade 11 to 12, nationwide Description The improvement in grils enrollment is measured by the proportion of girls enrolled in grade 11 at a given school year who study in the grade 12 in the following school year. The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1210, + 1215, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1091, + 1107, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1271, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source but primarily a management information system", + "described as collecting data through MOH", + "follows 'Data source / Agency' which indicates a system rather than standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is presented as a data source operated by the Ministry of Health (MOH) to collect health-related data. The phrasing suggests it functions as a management information system rather than a concrete dataset. While the model may have confused it due to the reference to 'data source' and its implied role in data collection, it does not represent a distinct dataset on its own but rather the infrastructure used to gather and organize health data. Thus, while DHIS2 is indeed a structured data management system, it does not meet the criteria necessary to classify it as a dataset in this instance. The confusion likely stems from the phrasing that associates it with data collection, but it does not encapsulate specific, analyzable data points as a dataset would.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS2 serves as a health management information system that collects and organizes data, but it is not a dataset by itself in this context, as it is described primarily as a tool that supports data gathering rather than presenting data in a readily usable form for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 80, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 68. Verification Protocol Table: Disbursement Linked Indicators DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 1 Girls \u2019 promotion rate from grade 11 to 12, nationwide Description The improvement in grils enrollment is measured by the proportion of girls enrolled in grade 11 at a given school year who study in the grade 12 in the following school year. The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of new enrolments of girls in grade 12 in school year t + 1 by the number of girls enrolled in grade 11 in the previous school year t. Data source / Agency EMIS Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE through the annual EMIS process and verified by ESS using a representative sample. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1291, + 1296, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1091, + 1107, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1271, + "DHIS2 <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 2 Children 0-59 months with diarrhea treated with ORS and Zinc in low performing regions Description The indicator will be measured by the percentage of children under 5 who went to the health facility with diarrhea and were treated with ORS and zinc Data source / Agency DHIS2 Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOH through the annual DHIS2 and verified by ESS using a representative sample.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data source / Agency'", + "described as a health management information system", + "specifically mentioned as a tool for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly identified as a health management information system that collects and manages health data. While it does contain datasets, it is not being referred to as a dataset itself in this context. The surrounding phrases clarify that it is functioning as a source agency or tool for data collection rather than presenting a concrete set of data. The confusion might arise because 'DHIS2' is a proper name and involved in the data-related process, which makes it seem like it could be a dataset, especially since it is often mentioned alongside other data-related terms. The model may have extracted it as a dataset due to its involvement in the collection and management of health data, but the context stresses its role as an information system instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'DHIS2' should not be considered a dataset; it's a management information system referenced as the tool that facilitates data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 82, + "text": "Data source / Agency MoE \u2019 s annual school census using EMIS, Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE and verified by ESS. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 7 Pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in community conversations sessions in 29 selected SPG woredas. Description These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Data source / Agency DHIS2, MoH Verification Entity ESS", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 56, + 60, + "named" + ], + [ + 21, + 24, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 29, + 49, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 114, + 117, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 454, + 465, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data source / Agency MoE \u2019 s annual school census using EMIS, Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE and verified by ESS. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside data source and agency school census", + "described as a system (=EMIS) for data collection", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' is characterized more as a system or tool for collecting data rather than a standalone dataset. It is positioned alongside the 'annual school census' and other procedures, implying that it serves a function in the overall data collection and verification process. The text does not state that EMIS itself is the dataset; instead, it suggests it is used in the context of data source management. A model may have confused 'EMIS' for a dataset due to its formal designation and mention in the context of data collection, leading to the assumption that it holds structured records. However, since it is not explicitly called a dataset in this context, and is instead described as a system that processes or manages data, I conclude that 'EMIS' should not be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is treated as a system for collecting and managing educational data rather than a standalone dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 82, + "text": "Data source / Agency MoE \u2019 s annual school census using EMIS, Verification Entity ESS Procedure Data collected by MOE and verified by ESS. The verified information is then submitted by MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semiannual Government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 7 Pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in community conversations sessions in 29 selected SPG woredas. Description These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Data source / Agency DHIS2, MoH Verification Entity ESS", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 619, + 624, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 7 Pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months participating in community conversations sessions in 29 selected SPG woredas. Description These are currently pregnant women and caregivers of children 0-23 months who attended at least 1 CC session per month Data source / Agency DHIS2, MoH Verification Entity ESS", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system tool, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source / agency", + "described as a health information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is identified as the data source or agency for the health records being discussed. However, it is explicitly called a health information system, which leans more towards being a tool or platform that organizes and stores data rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion for the model likely arose because 'DHIS2' is mentioned in a context that implies it's providing data for analysis, thus potentially leading it to interpret it as a dataset. However, without clear indication that specific records or data points from this system are being analyzed as a dataset, it can be characterized more accurately as an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset in the traditional sense. The distinction is important because while it provides data, it doesn't act as a concrete collection of data records suitable for direct analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is more accurately described as a health information system rather than a dataset, as it is referenced as the source/agency that stores and manages data, not as a concrete collection of the data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 83, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 71 Procedure Data collected by woreda health offices using the regular data collection system ( DHIS2 ) and verified by ESS. The verified information is then submitted by the MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semi - annual government / World Bank review. DLI_TBL_VERIFICATION DLI 8 Quarterly reports of minutes of multisectoral committee meetings in 29 selected SPG woredas Description Multisectoral committee will regularly meet for project management and minutes of the meeting will be reported ever quarter to MoF. Data source / Agency Administrative data, WOFED report quarterly meeting minutes with all committee members send to MOF Verification Entity ESS Procedure Quarterly minutes report submitted by WOFED to MOF and verified by ESS..", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 156, + 161, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 342, + 352, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 71 Procedure Data collected by woreda health offices using the regular data collection system ( DHIS2 ) and verified by ESS. The verified information is then submitted by the MOF to the World Bank in a consolidated DLI verification report as part of each semi - annual government / World Bank review.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a regular data collection system", + "no clear indication that DHIS2 is treated as a dataset in the analysis", + "mentioned alongside procedures and data collection methods rather than as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly mentioned as a 'regular data collection system'. The phrase implies that it serves as the methodology or infrastructure for data collection rather than being a static dataset. It plays a role in the process of gathering data, which suggests it is an operational tool or platform. While it is capitalized and reflects a proper name, which often leads to confusion about being a dataset, the surrounding language descriptions indicate it functions more as a system that facilitates data collection rather than being a discrete dataset in itself. The analysis does not present it as a source of structured records directly; instead, it highlights the process by which data is collected and submitted. This distinction is crucial, as systems or platforms may contain datasets but are not themselves datasets until specifically identified as such in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'DHIS2' is better seen as a management information system used for collecting health data rather than a dataset because it is described as a data collection system, lacking indications that it is being used as a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 101, + "text": "In general, before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked against the approved budget and the availability of sufficient uncommitted budget balance. The IBEX module is in use for expenditure monitoring although some woredas use a manual budget ledger to keep track of expenditures and commitments instead of the budget control module of the IBEX. This is mainly due to inadequate skills on how to use the system which the government is working on through its continuous PFM trainings. For the HCO, quarterly IFRs will provide a variance analysis of the budget against actual expenditure and will explain the major reasons for the variances. 9. Budget utilization. The overall budget performance for the human capital sectors has been found satisfactory for the last three years scoring between 80 percent to 94 percent. The analysis for the capital expenditure was only done for the pilot SPG woredas as these are the woredas that are expected to have capital expenditures. It is noted that for the last three years, performance has been between 96 percent to 133 percent. 10. Fiscal transparency. In previous years, a remarkable achievement was registered on the Financial Transparency and Accountability ( FTA ) activities by enacting directives, provision of trainings, assignment of focal persons, and disclosure of public budget information. The annual regions subsidy is disclosed on the MOF website.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 182, + 193, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In general, before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked against the approved budget and the availability of sufficient uncommitted budget balance. The IBEX module is in use for expenditure monitoring although some woredas use a manual budget ledger to keep track of expenditures and commitments instead of the budget control module of the IBEX. This is mainly due to inadequate skills on how to use the system which the government is working on through its continuous PFM trainings.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The IBEX module is a tool used for expenditure monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a module for expenditure monitoring", + "mentioned in the context of budget control", + "not described as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'IBEX module' appears as a tool for expenditure monitoring rather than a specific dataset. The context provided indicates that it is a system used to check transactions against a budget, and while it does involve data processing, it does not specify that it is a structured collection of data or a dataset. The mention of other systems (manual budget ledger) further emphasizes that the IBEX module functions more as an infrastructure to facilitate expenditure monitoring rather than serving as an isolated collection of records. A model may have confused it as a dataset due to its capitalized form resembling a proper name and its proximity to discussions of expenditure, which can lead to interpretations that it holds relevant data. However, without explicit indication of it being a dataset or containing structured data, it\u2019s clear that it operates as a tool and not a direct data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'IBEX module' is not a dataset; it is an expenditure monitoring tool or system, lacking designation as a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 102, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 90 publish their procurement plans. These limitations have a negative impact on procurement outcomes such as: ( a ) difficulty in following up and monitoring procurement performance with a lack of milestones for the procurement activities, ( b ) not providing sufficient advance notice to the private sector on upcoming procurement opportunities and thus lowering the level of competition, ( c ) using less competitive procurement methods, and ( d ) creating problems for following up and preparing audit plans for the regulatory bodies. 12. Procurement profile of the program. Based on IBEX data for EFY 2011 ( 2019 ), on average 29 percent of the total regional budget for all sectors was spent through procurement which is a reduction from EFY2007 ( 2015 ) data when the share of procurement from the total budget was 50 percent. Yet, the total amount allocated to be spent through procurement for eight regions is ETB 57. 5 billion, which is a significant amount. 13. When the data are seen specifically for the four human capital sectors, the allocation for these sectors out of the total for all sectors is at 54 percent, with ETB 104 billion allocated for these sectors out of the total ETB 192 billion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 647, + 656, + "named" + ], + [ + 661, + 669, + "IBEX data <> reference year" + ], + [ + 672, + 676, + "IBEX data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1304, + "IBEX data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Procurement profile of the program. Based on IBEX data for EFY 2011 ( 2019 ), on average 29 percent of the total regional budget for all sectors was spent through procurement which is a reduction from EFY2007 ( 2015 ) data when the share of procurement from the total budget was 50 percent. Yet, the total amount allocated to be spent through procurement for eight regions is ETB 57.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "IBEX data refers to a structured collection of data related to procurement spending in Ethiopia, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as 'Based on IBEX data'", + "described in relation to a program rather than as a pure data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IBEX data' appears as part of a discussion around procurement spending; however, there are significant indicators that it is more closely aligned with a specific project or framework rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'based on IBEX data for EFY 2011' suggests that IBEX is drawing from data collected for that timeframe, but it lacks clarity that it is an independent data source. The potential confusion arises from the capitalization of 'IBEX,' which could imply it is a designated dataset or system. However, the context indicates it operates more as a program initiative that utilizes data, rather than a direct, quantifiable dataset within the analysis. We see that the data does play a role in calculating averages, but the reference to it is not definitive enough to classify it as a dataset in this case. A model might have marked it as a dataset due to its capitalized nature and the context suggesting it holds data, but the surrounding language does not explicitly confirm it as such.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'IBEX data' operates more like a reference to a project or program that relies on specific data records rather than presenting itself as a stand-alone dataset. Its description indicates a source used for analysis, but lacks the clarity that would firmly place it as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 106, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 94 writing invitation letter for shopping. 26. Bidding documents. While bidding documents are generally prepared at regional implementing agencies, some shortcomings are identified. For example, eligibility and qualification criteria are not provided, and the use of specifications that are inclined to specific products and brands. The preparation of bidding documents is not supported by Standard Bidding Documents ( SBDs ), and bidding documents tend to lack complete information for potential bidders. The bidding documents only contain the list of required materials and specifications. In some of the woredas where the SBDs are used, some of the important sections such as the Bid Data Sheet, Evaluation and Qualification criteria, and Special Conditions of Contract are not properly filled out. The bidding documents do not provide clear and reasonable evaluation and qualification criteria. In most of the woredas, the bidding documents consist of only the invitation to bid, and the bill of quantity and the evaluation criteria is not specified at all. 27. Bid opening. In the regions and woredas, there is a tender committee to open bids but it lacks basic procurement-related training. The committee may only include members of the procurement unit while at other times it has a mix of members from other user departments.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 450, + 476, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For example, eligibility and qualification criteria are not provided, and the use of specifications that are inclined to specific products and brands. The preparation of bidding documents is not supported by Standard Bidding Documents ( SBDs ), and bidding documents tend to lack complete information for potential bidders. The bidding documents only contain the list of required materials and specifications.", + "type": "documents", + "explanation": "Standard Bidding Documents refer to a set of guidelines and templates for preparing bidding documents, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": null, + "llm_contextual_reason": null, + "llm_thinking_contextual": "\n\n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n 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\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \r\n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n", + "llm_summary_contextual": "LLM response was not valid JSON; see 'thinking' field." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 107, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 95 32. In addition to the IBEX data, the assessment looked at KPI data that were submitted annually as part of DLI deliverables under ESPES. The main data include the total procurement expenditure, list of procurement activities, share of the open bidding procedure, and the bid process time. The data received indicates no large value contract exists at regional level that reaches the Output and Performance-based Road Contracts ( OPRC ) threshold for exclusion of contracts under PforR operations. The maximum contract amount identified is ETB 250 million ( around US $ 7 million ) which is much below the threshold for goods at US $ 30 million. However, it is noted that the total amount of contracts reported under the KPI does not match the data received from IBEX. This indicates that regions are not registering all the contracts for each sector. To address this quality issue, the HCO includes a DLI that requires alignment between the KPI procurement report and budget allocation and expenditure data. 33. While the KPI data have quality issues particularly related to the comprehensiveness of the data captured, the practice is encouraging. It is understood that building systems is a process that passes through many obstacles and the result cannot be achieved in one go. The effort requires continuous engagement and resources.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 86, + 95, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "IBEX data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 122, + 130, + "IBEX data <> data type" + ], + [ + 227, + 256, + "IBEX data <> data description" + ], + [ + 258, + 288, + "IBEX data <> data description" + ], + [ + 290, + 325, + "IBEX data <> data description" + ], + [ + 1416, + 1434, + "IBEX data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 95 32. In addition to the IBEX data, the assessment looked at KPI data that were submitted annually as part of DLI deliverables under ESPES. The main data include the total procurement expenditure, list of procurement activities, share of the open bidding procedure, and the bid process time.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "IBEX data refers to a structured collection of data used for analysis in the context of procurement and performance indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "listed alongside KPI data", + "follows \u2018looked at\u2019 indicating utilization in assessment", + "described in the context of actual data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'IBEX data' is discussed alongside other data types and is part of an assessment framework aimed at procurement and performance indicators. Although it might suggest a system or database due to its possibly structured nature, the phrasing indicates it's being used as a source of data for analysis rather than merely being a platform or project name. The inclusion of 'looked at' implies that the data is being actively utilized in the research context, which strengthens its identification as a dataset. The confusion might arise from the fact that 'IBEX' could also imply a broader system or initiative, but here it functions clearly as a dataset in the analysis. Thus, despite potential ambiguity, the contextual usage supports its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'IBEX data' is treated as a real dataset mention in the context of this analysis as it is directly used for assessment and mentioned alongside other specific data types." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 110, + "text": "As one of the core responsibilities of the regulatory units, the assessment has noted that generally procurement audits have been undertaken on a regular basis guided by audit checklists adopted by each region. The data received from FPPPA indicate the regional regulatory bodies have increased their procurement audit coverage since the last assessment. According to FPPPA data, all regions except Afar have covered at least 15 percent of woredas as indicated in Table 4. 5. However, the audit reports are not publicized and have limited circulation between the auditee and the BOFED, and there is no practice in communicating the report to the wider public and regional administration. Hence, the incentive in addressing audit findings and working on the recommendations is limited. 45. The assessment received the woreda audit reports of the regional regulatory bodies and noted that findings across regions are similar. The main findings include: ( a ) issues related to procurement plans such as not being fully prepared, not following the template, not approved by the authorized person, not being chosen by the right method or not including a method, and not implemented per the procurement plan; ( b ) issues in the bidding documents such as use of brand names in specifications, bidding documents not prepared using the standard template, missing conditions of contracts, unclear evaluation criteria, unspecified bid validity period, not specifying bid opening date and time; ( c ) bid invitation issued without making the bidding documents ready,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 368, + 378, + "named" + ], + [ + 234, + 239, + "FPPPA data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 253, + 279, + "FPPPA data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 399, + 403, + "FPPPA data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1572, + 1590, + "FPPPA data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The data received from FPPPA indicate the regional regulatory bodies have increased their procurement audit coverage since the last assessment. According to FPPPA data, all regions except Afar have covered at least 15 percent of woredas as indicated in Table 4. 5.", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "The term 'FPPPA data' refers to a collection of data related to procurement audits, which is structured and used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described as data related to procurement audits", + "suggests structured data used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FPPPA data' is mentioned in conjunction with phrases that imply it is being used as a data source, notably 'According to FPPPA data'. This phrasing indicates that it is being treated as a reliable source of information rather than merely an organizational tool or project. The phrase suggests it contains structured records pertinent to the procurement audits being analyzed. Although there is a chance that 'FPPPA' could refer to a project name or a system, the surrounding context leans heavily towards it being a dataset. The mention of 'data' specifically aligns it with structured data for reporting and analysis, clarifying its role as a dataset in this context. However, the potential for confusion arises from its naming, which resembles project or system titles, prompting the initial classification question.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'FPPPA data' in this passage refers to a dataset related to procurement audits, leveraged for analysis, rather than a project or system, thus it is correctly identified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 128, + "text": "This subcomponent will support participatory, multisectoral planning and budgeting, as well as quality data collection, utilization, and verification. The establishment of planning and budget structures with incentive mechanisms for convergent service delivery will be critical for the successful implementation of the Human Capital SPGs. This subcomponent will finance the capacity building of these structures at all levels. In addition, it will support baseline data collection from each SPG woreda. Specific activities under this subcomponent will include: ( a ) strengthening systems and capacity for quality service delivery, 118 ( b ) increasing capacity to prioritize local needs using available data and improving multisectoral planning and budgeting skills to address these priorities at the woreda level, and ( c ) improving the quality of data collection, local verification, and utilization at the woreda level, including support for the establishment of the Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ) in the target SPG woredas to monitor and verify key indicators. Subcomponent 2. 3. 2 Strengthening accountability, fiduciary and E & S management at sub-national levels to improve service delivery. ( US $ 18 million equivalent IDA Credit and US $ 4 million GFF Grant ) 16. This subcomponent will support the promotion, institutionalization, and sustainability of social 118 TA to improve community engagement in budget and planning processes may include improved sensitization of communities to Community-Based Health Insurance ( CBHI ) enrollment which can improve demand for quality health services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 972, + 1021, + "named" + ], + [ + 1013, + 1021, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1024, + 1029, + "Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, it will support baseline data collection from each SPG woreda. Specific activities under this subcomponent will include: ( a ) strengthening systems and capacity for quality service delivery, 118 ( b ) increasing capacity to prioritize local needs using available data and improving multisectoral planning and budgeting skills to address these priorities at the woreda level, and ( c ) improving the quality of data collection, local verification, and utilization at the woreda level, including support for the establishment of the Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia ( UNISE ) in the target SPG woredas to monitor and verify key indicators. Subcomponent 2.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia is designed to collect, monitor, and verify key indicators related to nutrition, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system aimed at monitoring and verifying indicators", + "described as supporting data collection rather than being the data itself", + "not referred to as a concrete data source in the analysis", + "functions more as an infrastructure for data handling" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the 'Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia' appears to function more as a management information system (MIS) or project focused on supporting and enhancing the collection and utilization of data rather than being a dataset itself. It is described in such a way (e.g., 'support for the establishment') that implies it helps process data rather than being a definitive collection of data. Thus, while it could be seen as containing data, it is treated more as infrastructure that facilitates data handling. The previous labeling of it as a dataset might stem from its capitalized name resembling that of a dataset and from being mentioned in a context discussing data collection. However, the distinction is significant because it is not a dataset but rather a system designed to support data activities.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Unified Nutrition Information System for Ethiopia is not treated as a dataset in this context since it is described more as a system or project focused on data collection and management, rather than a concrete source of structured records for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 129, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 117 accountability, financial transparency, and grievance redress mechanisms. Under PFM, several expenditure and financial management assessments highlight how issues related to budget prioritization, reliability, and predictability impede service delivery and results. 119 The PFM subcomponent will provide TA in linking budgets with overarching HCO strategic results and supporting PFM oversight for institutions. Specifically, it will support the implementation of PBB and accountability for program results at both federal and regional levels. This will include: ( a ) training on PBB processes; ( b ) defining roles, responsibilities, and coordination mechanisms; ( c ) piloting PBB at the regional level ( Figure 8. 1 ) with the development of a regional PBB manual; ( d ) testing financial and human resource incentives to support a performance culture; and ( e ) creating regular monitoring and reporting system for financial and nonfinancial performance. PBB guidelines will be included in the POM as part of the IPF component. In addition, overall financial data collection and reporting will be strengthened ( using existing systems such as the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) and IBEX ) to ensure proper tracking and reporting such as codification of human capital and cross-cutting activities and objectives in the budget system of regions and woredas.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1216, + 1266, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PBB guidelines will be included in the POM as part of the IPF component. In addition, overall financial data collection and reporting will be strengthened ( using existing systems such as the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) and IBEX ) to ensure proper tracking and reporting such as codification of human capital and cross-cutting activities and objectives in the budget system of regions and woredas.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is a system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "follows 'using existing systems such as...' which indicates usage of tools rather than datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' (IFMIS) is clearly referenced as a system that facilitates financial management activities. While it does store and manage data, the surrounding text indicates that it is being used as part of the infrastructure to enhance data collection and reporting. The phrase 'using existing systems such as IFMIS' explicitly categorizes it as a supportive mechanism rather than a standalone dataset available for analysis. The model could have been confused due to the capitalization of the term, which makes it appear as a proper name \u2014 a common feature of datasets. However, its description as a management information system and the usage context suggest it functions more as ongoing infrastructure than a concrete dataset. Therefore, I draw the line here based on the explicit mention of the function and role of this term within the broader financial data management framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' is identified as a management information system, not an actual dataset, because it functions as a tool for financial management rather than a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 129, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 117 accountability, financial transparency, and grievance redress mechanisms. Under PFM, several expenditure and financial management assessments highlight how issues related to budget prioritization, reliability, and predictability impede service delivery and results. 119 The PFM subcomponent will provide TA in linking budgets with overarching HCO strategic results and supporting PFM oversight for institutions. Specifically, it will support the implementation of PBB and accountability for program results at both federal and regional levels. This will include: ( a ) training on PBB processes; ( b ) defining roles, responsibilities, and coordination mechanisms; ( c ) piloting PBB at the regional level ( Figure 8. 1 ) with the development of a regional PBB manual; ( d ) testing financial and human resource incentives to support a performance culture; and ( e ) creating regular monitoring and reporting system for financial and nonfinancial performance. PBB guidelines will be included in the POM as part of the IPF component. In addition, overall financial data collection and reporting will be strengthened ( using existing systems such as the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) and IBEX ) to ensure proper tracking and reporting such as codification of human capital and cross-cutting activities and objectives in the budget system of regions and woredas.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1281, + 1285, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PBB guidelines will be included in the POM as part of the IPF component. In addition, overall financial data collection and reporting will be strengthened ( using existing systems such as the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) and IBEX ) to ensure proper tracking and reporting such as codification of human capital and cross-cutting activities and objectives in the budget system of regions and woredas.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IBEX refers to a financial management system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a known system (IFMIS)", + "not described as a structured dataset but as a financial management system", + "highlighted for strengthening reporting rather than as a data source", + "treated as part of an infrastructure for tracking and reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this empirical context, 'IBEX' is mentioned as part of strengthening financial data collection and reporting infrastructure. The phrasing 'existing systems such as the Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) and IBEX' suggests that IBEX functions as a management information system rather than a concrete dataset. The terms \u2018using existing systems\u2019 and \u2018strengthened for tracking\u2019 indicate that IBEX supports the operational aspects of data management but does not imply that it is a single dataset itself. The model might have been confused due to the capitalization of 'IBEX,' which hints that it could be a formally named entity, potentially leading to an assumption that it is a dataset. However, it is primarily a system indicated by its role within the context of financial management rather than a repository of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IBEX is not treated as a dataset in this context; it functions as a financial management information system that supports data-related processes but is not a structured dataset used for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 132, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 120 will be maintained. Variance analysis with explanations formed part of the regular reports for ESPES. The reporting for HCO builds on that experience. Management will take corrective measures based on these reports. 30. Policies and procedures. The government follows a double-entry bookkeeping system and modified cash basis of accounting, as documented in the GOE \u2019 s Accounting Manual. For the HCO, the GOE \u2019 s accounting policies and procedures will be used for the accounting of the project. The specific project arrangements with regard to the submission of quarterly reports, fund flow, and audits will be included in the POM that will be prepared for the operation not later than six months after effectiveness. 31. Accounting system. The MOF and federal-level implementers use IFMIS while the regional BOF and implementing sector bureaus use the IBEX system, which will be tailored to the project on a standalone basis. The HCO chart of accounts will be developed using the GOE \u2019 s chart of accounts to capture the components, subcomponents, categories, and activities of the project expenditures. The chart of accounts will be part of the FM section of the POM. 32. Accounting centers and accounting documents.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 850, + 855, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Accounting system. The MOF and federal-level implementers use IFMIS while the regional BOF and implementing sector bureaus use the IBEX system, which will be tailored to the project on a standalone basis. The HCO chart of accounts will be developed using the GOE \u2019 s chart of accounts to capture the components, subcomponents, categories, and activities of the project expenditures.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a tool or system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting system", + "mentioned alongside another system (IBEX)", + "focus on project implementation rather than data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'IFMIS' is presented as an Integrated Financial Management Information System that is being utilized by various governmental entities, indicating it serves as a tool for financial management rather than a standalone collection of structured data. There are no indications that IFMIS itself is a dataset; instead, it behaves more like an operational system within which data may be stored and managed. The overall context highlights its role as infrastructure in the project\u2019s financial management process rather than as a source of data that could be analyzed. The mention of 'while the regional BOF and implementing sector bureaus use the IBEX system' further underscores that both terms are used to describe systems rather than datasets. The model may have confused 'IFMIS' for a dataset based on its formal name and the environment in which it is mentioned, which hints at data management, but it lacks the direct association with identified structured records typical of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IFMIS is not a dataset in this context because it is identified primarily as an accounting system used for financial management, lacking the characteristics of a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 132, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 120 will be maintained. Variance analysis with explanations formed part of the regular reports for ESPES. The reporting for HCO builds on that experience. Management will take corrective measures based on these reports. 30. Policies and procedures. The government follows a double-entry bookkeeping system and modified cash basis of accounting, as documented in the GOE \u2019 s Accounting Manual. For the HCO, the GOE \u2019 s accounting policies and procedures will be used for the accounting of the project. The specific project arrangements with regard to the submission of quarterly reports, fund flow, and audits will be included in the POM that will be prepared for the operation not later than six months after effectiveness. 31. Accounting system. The MOF and federal-level implementers use IFMIS while the regional BOF and implementing sector bureaus use the IBEX system, which will be tailored to the project on a standalone basis. The HCO chart of accounts will be developed using the GOE \u2019 s chart of accounts to capture the components, subcomponents, categories, and activities of the project expenditures. The chart of accounts will be part of the FM section of the POM. 32. Accounting centers and accounting documents.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 919, + 930, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Accounting system. The MOF and federal-level implementers use IFMIS while the regional BOF and implementing sector bureaus use the IBEX system, which will be tailored to the project on a standalone basis. The HCO chart of accounts will be developed using the GOE \u2019 s chart of accounts to capture the components, subcomponents, categories, and activities of the project expenditures.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The IBEX system refers to an accounting system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting system", + "mentioned as a system used by implementers", + "not presented as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the context clearly identifies the IBEX system as an accounting system utilized by governmental and implementing bodies, specifically for financial management. It does not indicate that the IBEX system serves as a structured dataset for research but rather functions as an information system tailored to manage project finances. The phrase 'tailored to the project on a standalone basis' further emphasizes its role as a tool or system rather than a dataset. While the model may have thought this was a dataset mention due to its capitalization and proximity to financial activities, the text consistently frames it as a system\u2014hence, clarifying its position in the infrastructure of data management rather than as a concrete data source. Overall, the potential for confusion arises from the tendency to associate systems or platforms with the existence of datasets; however, in this instance, the IBEX system is clearly outlined as an operational entity rather than a data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The IBEX system is not treated as a dataset here because it explicitly functions as an accounting system for financial management, not a structured collection of data used for analytical purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 139, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 127 and complexity of activity which will be indicated in the Procurement Plan in STEP. These prior-review contracts will be updated in the Procurement Plan annually or as necessary during implementation, based on the procurement capacity assessment during implementation support missions. 64. The World Bank will carry out regular procurement supervision missions on an annual basis and carry out procurement post-review on an annual basis. Contracts not subject to prior review will be subject to post - review by the World Bank as per procedures set forth in Annex II122 \u2013 \u201c Procurement Oversight \u201d of the Procurement Regulations. The sample contracts for the procurement post-reviews will be risk-based. The World Bank will undertake the post-reviews online accessing procurement documents and data from STEP. The Recipient will upload all procurement process documentation and information in STEP at each roadmap stage. At the completion of the contracts, the Recipient will upload completion documents including inspection, acceptance, delivery, and final payment evidenced in STEP. 65.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 142, + 146, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 127 and complexity of activity which will be indicated in the Procurement Plan in STEP. These prior-review contracts will be updated in the Procurement Plan annually or as necessary during implementation, based on the procurement capacity assessment during implementation support missions.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a procurement management system or program used by the World Bank, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project for managing procurement", + "described as part of the Procurement Plan", + "not explicitly described as a source of structured records", + "follows a context that emphasizes operational actions, not data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is presented within a reference to the World Bank's procurement activities. It appears to function as a system or a methodology for managing procurement processes, rather than a standalone dataset that contains raw data or statistics. The mention of 'STEP' aligns with procedural aspects of contract management and planning, which does not indicate that it is a data source in the conventional sense. The model might have been confused because 'STEP' could be perceived as a proper noun and may follow linguistic markers suggesting data usage or sources. However, the surrounding context emphasizes operational procedures rather than data collection or analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'STEP' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a procurement management system, with no clear indication it represents a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 139, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 127 and complexity of activity which will be indicated in the Procurement Plan in STEP. These prior-review contracts will be updated in the Procurement Plan annually or as necessary during implementation, based on the procurement capacity assessment during implementation support missions. 64. The World Bank will carry out regular procurement supervision missions on an annual basis and carry out procurement post-review on an annual basis. Contracts not subject to prior review will be subject to post - review by the World Bank as per procedures set forth in Annex II122 \u2013 \u201c Procurement Oversight \u201d of the Procurement Regulations. The sample contracts for the procurement post-reviews will be risk-based. The World Bank will undertake the post-reviews online accessing procurement documents and data from STEP. The Recipient will upload all procurement process documentation and information in STEP at each roadmap stage. At the completion of the contracts, the Recipient will upload completion documents including inspection, acceptance, delivery, and final payment evidenced in STEP. 65.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 868, + 872, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The sample contracts for the procurement post-reviews will be risk-based. The World Bank will undertake the post-reviews online accessing procurement documents and data from STEP. The Recipient will upload all procurement process documentation and information in STEP at each roadmap stage.", + "type": "procurement tool", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a procurement tool used for managing procurement processes, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for managing procurement processes", + "mentioned in the context of uploading documents", + "not referred to as a data source but as an infrastructure for documentation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is described as a platform or tool where procurement process documentation and information are uploaded and accessed. The phrase 'data from STEP' implies it is a source of information, but it does not indicate that STEP itself functions as a structured dataset. Instead, it serves more as a management information system (MIS) facilitating the procurement process rather than providing raw or structured data directly. The model may have been confused by the mention of 'data' in conjunction with 'STEP', potentially interpreting STEP as a source of data rather than a system related to procurement processes. The context does not present STEP as a standalone dataset that can be analyzed, but rather an infrastructure that interacts with datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'STEP' is not treated as a dataset because it acts as a procurement tool or system that manages the documentation of processes, rather than providing a specific, analyzable dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 139, + "text": "The World Bank Ethiopia Human Capital Operation ( P172284 ) 127 and complexity of activity which will be indicated in the Procurement Plan in STEP. These prior-review contracts will be updated in the Procurement Plan annually or as necessary during implementation, based on the procurement capacity assessment during implementation support missions. 64. The World Bank will carry out regular procurement supervision missions on an annual basis and carry out procurement post-review on an annual basis. Contracts not subject to prior review will be subject to post - review by the World Bank as per procedures set forth in Annex II122 \u2013 \u201c Procurement Oversight \u201d of the Procurement Regulations. The sample contracts for the procurement post-reviews will be risk-based. The World Bank will undertake the post-reviews online accessing procurement documents and data from STEP. The Recipient will upload all procurement process documentation and information in STEP at each roadmap stage. At the completion of the contracts, the Recipient will upload completion documents including inspection, acceptance, delivery, and final payment evidenced in STEP. 65.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 957, + 961, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank will undertake the post-reviews online accessing procurement documents and data from STEP. The Recipient will upload all procurement process documentation and information in STEP at each roadmap stage. At the completion of the contracts, the Recipient will upload completion documents including inspection, acceptance, delivery, and final payment evidenced in STEP.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a procurement management system or program used by the World Bank, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a procurement management system", + "mentioned in the context of information uploads rather than as a source of structured data", + "follows 'data from' but refers to a system, not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is clearly identified as a procurement management system used by the World Bank, rather than a discrete dataset. Although it follows the phrase 'data from STEP', it does not indicate that STEP itself is a structured collection of data; instead, it functions as a tool for managing and documenting procurement processes. The text emphasizes that procurement documents and information are uploaded to STEP, which aligns it more with an infrastructure setup for data management rather than a dataset. The model may have been confused by the term's capitalization and the phrasing suggesting it stores 'data,' which could lead it to misinterpret STEP as a dataset when it's fundamentally a system designed for record management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'STEP' is not treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly characterized as a procurement management system that organizes and processes data rather than being a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 139, + "text": "Using STEP, comprehensive information of all contracts for goods, non-consultancy services and consultants \u2019 services awarded under the subcomponent, for all contracts subject to the World Bank \u2019 s prior-review as well as post-review, will be available automatically, including but not limited to: a brief description of the contract, estimated cost, procurement method, timelines of the bidding process, the number of participated bidders, names and reasons of rejected bidders, the date of contract award, the name of awarded supplier, contractor or consultant, final contract value; and the contractual implementation period. 66. Selection methods. Table 8. 2 describes the various procurement methods and thresholds to be applied for procurement activities. The selection methods and World Bank review thresholds will be determined in the PPSD and procurement plans in STEP. The World Bank review thresholds will be determined based on individual activity risks while the prior review thresholds in the table are indicative of high-risk activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 6, + 10, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Using STEP, comprehensive information of all contracts for goods, non-consultancy services and consultants \u2019 services awarded under the subcomponent, for all contracts subject to the World Bank \u2019 s prior-review as well as post-review, will be available automatically, including but not limited to: a brief description of the contract, estimated cost, procurement method, timelines of the bidding process, the number of participated bidders, names and reasons of rejected bidders, the date of contract award, the name of awarded supplier, contractor or consultant, final contract value; and the contractual implementation period. 66.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a program or system used for managing procurement information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a program used for managing procurement information", + "follows \u2018Using STEP,\u2019 indicating it is the tool being utilized rather than a dataset", + "discussed in terms of what information it provides, not as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'STEP' is explicitly referred to as a system or program that facilitates access to procurement information rather than a standalone dataset. This is signaled prominently by the phrase 'Using STEP,' which indicates that the tool is being employed to manage and display data rather than the data itself being the subject of review or analysis. The detailed overview of what information 'STEP' makes available\u2014such as contract descriptions, costs, timelines, and so forth\u2014implies that the term is being referenced as a functional system used to aggregate or present data.\n\nThe model might have been confused due to the structured nature of the information discussed, which could lead to assumptions that 'STEP' itself is a dataset. Additionally, it\u2019s capitalized and presented in a context that might resemble dataset mentions where data is derived or obtained. However, the true distinction is that it's a managerial tool or program, rather than a discrete dataset of structured records.\n\nThus, the critical reasoning here lies in understanding the role of 'STEP' as an infrastructure that houses data, facilitates data handling, but does not constitute a dataset on its own in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' refers to a management information system functioning as a tool for compiling procurement data, rather than being a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "017_BOSIB00611b2300f20930a055190479c46f", + "page": 139, + "text": "Using STEP, comprehensive information of all contracts for goods, non-consultancy services and consultants \u2019 services awarded under the subcomponent, for all contracts subject to the World Bank \u2019 s prior-review as well as post-review, will be available automatically, including but not limited to: a brief description of the contract, estimated cost, procurement method, timelines of the bidding process, the number of participated bidders, names and reasons of rejected bidders, the date of contract award, the name of awarded supplier, contractor or consultant, final contract value; and the contractual implementation period. 66. Selection methods. Table 8. 2 describes the various procurement methods and thresholds to be applied for procurement activities. The selection methods and World Bank review thresholds will be determined in the PPSD and procurement plans in STEP. The World Bank review thresholds will be determined based on individual activity risks while the prior review thresholds in the table are indicative of high-risk activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 873, + 877, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 describes the various procurement methods and thresholds to be applied for procurement activities. The selection methods and World Bank review thresholds will be determined in the PPSD and procurement plans in STEP. The World Bank review thresholds will be determined based on individual activity risks while the prior review thresholds in the table are indicative of high-risk activities.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a program or system used for managing procurement information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a program or system", + "described as a tool for managing procurement information", + "not referenced as a data source directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is referenced as a program used for managing procurement information rather than as a concrete dataset. The text outlines its role in determining procurement methods and thresholds, indicating that it functions more as a management information system (MIS) or framework for organizing procurement activities. Furthermore, it does not appear to be used explicitly as a data source. While it could be interpreted as containing records related to procurement, the absence of indications that it is a structured collection of data suggests it should not be treated as a dataset. A model might confuse 'STEP' as a dataset due to its capitalized nature, and its proximity to terms relating to data management, which could imply it holds data rather than serves as a system managing procurement activities.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is not a dataset but rather a management information system used for procurement, thereby not fulfilling the criteria of being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 12, + "text": "As a result, the country demonstrated one of the strongest improvements in performance among PISA-participating countries and economies over 2009 \u2013 2018 in all three assessed subjects: reading, math, and science. Moldova \u2019 s performance is above what is expected considering its GDP per capita. 8. Pandemic-related school closures had negative impacts on learning of students, threatening their future well-being and productivity in the workplace. The COVID-related school closures are estimated to have affected learning by an equivalent of 8 PISA points, eroding about 20 percent of learning gains made over the last decade. The learning loss in Moldova \u2019 s future earnings due to school closures is estimated at about 0. 8 percent of GDP annually. This translates into an aggregated lifetime loss in earnings 7 Major objectives of the Moldova Education Strategy and Action Plan 2030 include aligning education to the labor market needs, ensuring access to quality education for all, strengthening social cohesion, promoting effective implementation of digital technologies, creating opportunities for lifelong learning, and promoting innovation and change in education including through the relevant scientific research. 8 Currently, the gross enrollment rate is 108 percent in primary education and 110 percent in secondary education ( World Bank data ). There are no recent reliable data on the net enrollment rates at the primary and secondary levels. Earlier rates dating back to 2018 show low net enrollment rates of around 86 percent, which could be the result of an overestimation of the size of the resident school-age population due to outmigration, thus meriting further study. 9 The Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) was reengineered to provide data at the school, teacher, and student levels. Many of these advancements were supported by the World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project. 10 Changing from the traditional, subjective allocation scheme.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1697, + 1736, + "named" + ], + [ + 141, + 152, + "Education Management Information System <> reference year" + ], + [ + 213, + 220, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 367, + 375, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 648, + 655, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 838, + 845, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1340, + 1350, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1487, + 1491, + "Education Management Information System <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1739, + 1743, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Earlier rates dating back to 2018 show low net enrollment rates of around 86 percent, which could be the result of an overestimation of the size of the resident school-age population due to outmigration, thus meriting further study. 9 The Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) was reengineered to provide data at the school, teacher, and student levels. Many of these advancements were supported by the World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data related to education, including information at the school, teacher, and student levels.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described as being reengineered to provide data", + "not referenced as a concrete dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is primarily presented as a system designed to manage educational data rather than as a standalone dataset. Although it collects data at various educational levels (schools, teachers, students), the text emphasizes its function as a management tool, which suggests it operates as a framework or platform for data rather than a concrete dataset itself. The phrase 'was reengineered to provide data' indicates its purpose in facilitating data management, yet it doesn\u2019t imply that the EMIS itself is a dataset. There is also a lack of language that directly labels it as a source of record-level data or analyzes data drawn from it explicitly. Therefore, while it may be involved in the collection of datasets, it does not qualify as a dataset in this particular context. The model may have been confused by the term due to its structure and purpose, as 'system' typically suggests an infrastructure that can house data but does not constitute the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset here, but rather as a system or platform for managing and providing educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 13, + "text": "The education system, however, lacks the capacity to integrate the refugee students promptly and properly to schools and preschools. A Targeted Approach 10. Significant inequality in learning opportunities, especially between the students from wealthiest and poorest households persists. While learning outcomes had been improving in Moldova before the pandemic, there was significant inequality, especially between the wealthiest and poorest households ( figure 1 ). The pandemic only increased these inequalities. It disproportionally affects disadvantaged students including due to differential access to learning technologies across student groups. In 2021, approximately 80 percent of students living in Chisinau were able to access the internet, but only about half of the students could continue remote learning in the north and south parts of Moldova. According to the estimates, the performance gap between rich and poor students has deepened, increasing the differences in PISA reading scores from 115 points to 123 points, equivalent to over three years of schooling ( figure 2 ), and performance gaps will only widen over time if they remain unaddressed. Inequality in learning outcomes leads to inequality in human capital, which in turn abets intergenerational transmission of poverty and poverty traps. 11. Focusing learning recovery and acceleration among the most disadvantaged and vulnerable students is urgent and important to improve equity and inclusion. Despite robust progress on inclusion, 11 According to 2020 HCI data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 983, + 987, + "named" + ], + [ + 334, + 341, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 545, + 567, + "PISA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 709, + 717, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 851, + 858, + "PISA <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In 2021, approximately 80 percent of students living in Chisinau were able to access the internet, but only about half of the students could continue remote learning in the north and south parts of Moldova. According to the estimates, the performance gap between rich and poor students has deepened, increasing the differences in PISA reading scores from 115 points to 123 points, equivalent to over three years of schooling ( figure 2 ), and performance gaps will only widen over time if they remain unaddressed. Inequality in learning outcomes leads to inequality in human capital, which in turn abets intergenerational transmission of poverty and poverty traps.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset that measures the performance of students in reading, mathematics, and science across different countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to' indicating data source", + "described in relation to student performance", + "implicitly referenced as measuring outcomes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is widely recognized as a dataset that provides comparative data on student performance in reading, mathematics, and science across different countries. Although the term could also be interpreted as an assessment project, the context here does not emphasize it as merely a project but rather focuses on the data derived from PISA's assessments\u2014specifically the changes in reading scores that reflect the performance of students over time. The previous judgment identified it as a dataset because it is commonly understood to represent a standardized set of results that are analyzed and referred to in educational research, hence reinforcing its status as a dataset in this context. The mention of 'scores' directly ties it to measurable performance indicators, further solidifying its role as a data source rather than just the name of a project or system that collects data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'PISA' is treated as a dataset due to its role in quantifying student performance and being referenced in relation to measurable outcomes, aligning it more closely with the concept of a dataset than merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 5 of 68 the performance gap between students in urban and rural areas represents over one year of schooling ( figure 1 ). Moreover, the variation in reading performance explained by student and school socioeconomic status is one of the largest among PISA-participating countries. Many disadvantaged students hold lower ambitions than expected given their level of academic achievement. 12 In addition, there are large gender disparities. Examples include enrollment in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics ( STEM ) and subsequently in employment or asset ownership. These all represent barriers to better economic opportunities for women. 13 Disability continues to be a cause of educational disadvantage and exclusion. 14 Teachers \u2019 limited capacities to provide efficient individualized support and lack of relevant technology-enabled systems in schools remain key constraints. 15 Hence, better targeted and more focused interventions for the most disadvantaged and vulnerable students are essential to enable the path to recovery, protect and promote the existing human capital, and build the strong foundational skills and knowledge in preparation for future labor market needs. Figure 1. Distribution of PISA 2018 ( Science ) from Equity Perspective Figure 2. Estimated Impact of COVID-19 on Socioeconomic Learning Gap Source: OECD PISA 2018 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1292, + 1296, + "named" + ], + [ + 206, + 291, + "PISA <> data description" + ], + [ + 320, + 348, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1297, + 1301, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1415, + 1419, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1420, + 1429, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Figure 1. Distribution of PISA 2018 ( Science ) from Equity Perspective Figure 2. Estimated Impact of COVID-19 on Socioeconomic Learning Gap Source: OECD PISA 2018 data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a large-scale international survey that evaluates education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' which indicates a data source", + "described as 'PISA 2018 data' implying a specific dataset", + "acknowledged as related to an established assessment with structured results" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' clearly refers to a dataset derived from the Programme for International Student Assessment. It is mentioned alongside '2018 data', which makes it clear that the reference is specifically to the data collected from that assessment year. Although PISA itself is a program with ongoing assessments, in this instance, it is being treated as a specific dataset, given that the preceding phrase explicitly states 'Source: OECD PISA 2018 data'. There is no ambiguity here about it being a project or a system since the text associates it directly with data from a particular point in time, which supports the decision to classify it as a dataset. The model might have considered 'PISA' to be a broader system initially due to its nature but the explicit context of it being labeled as 'data' solidifies its classification as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is classified as a dataset because it directly references specific data from the 2018 assessment, indicated by the phrase 'PISA 2018 data' which connects the term to structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 5 of 68 the performance gap between students in urban and rural areas represents over one year of schooling ( figure 1 ). Moreover, the variation in reading performance explained by student and school socioeconomic status is one of the largest among PISA-participating countries. Many disadvantaged students hold lower ambitions than expected given their level of academic achievement. 12 In addition, there are large gender disparities. Examples include enrollment in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics ( STEM ) and subsequently in employment or asset ownership. These all represent barriers to better economic opportunities for women. 13 Disability continues to be a cause of educational disadvantage and exclusion. 14 Teachers \u2019 limited capacities to provide efficient individualized support and lack of relevant technology-enabled systems in schools remain key constraints. 15 Hence, better targeted and more focused interventions for the most disadvantaged and vulnerable students are essential to enable the path to recovery, protect and promote the existing human capital, and build the strong foundational skills and knowledge in preparation for future labor market needs. Figure 1. Distribution of PISA 2018 ( Science ) from Equity Perspective Figure 2. Estimated Impact of COVID-19 on Socioeconomic Learning Gap Source: OECD PISA 2018 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1420, + 1424, + "named" + ], + [ + 206, + 291, + "PISA <> data description" + ], + [ + 320, + 348, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1297, + 1301, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1415, + 1419, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1420, + 1429, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Distribution of PISA 2018 ( Science ) from Equity Perspective Figure 2. Estimated Impact of COVID-19 on Socioeconomic Learning Gap Source: OECD PISA 2018 data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset that evaluates educational systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source: OECD PISA 2018 data'", + "describes specific data relevant to the analysis", + "refers to an established international assessment with known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' clearly relates to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is known for producing structured datasets based on extensive evaluations of student performance across various countries. The phrase 'OECD PISA 2018 data' directly indicates that PISA is being treated as a specific dataset that provides data used in the analysis. This is reinforced by its explicit reference as the source of data for the study presented in the figure. While PISA could also be understood as an ongoing project or assessment initiative, the way it is framed here\u2014specifically as a source of data\u2014positions it firmly within the realm of a dataset. Thus, the model may have initially considered it a simple project reference, but the contextual cues clarify that it is indeed a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, PISA is treated as a dataset because it refers to specific data produced by the Programme for International Student Assessment, explicitly noted as a data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 14, + "text": "Note: Disaggregation by preschool highlights differences in PISA for students who attended two years or more of preschool and childcare versus those attending one year or less. 12. School consolidation and the quality of the learning environment are inextricably linked, affecting more students from disadvantaged areas. Education in Moldova is largely publicly financed, with falling or stagnant student numbers in all subsectors except for preschool. In recent years, the general education system has been optimized in response to the declining demographic trends ( largely through reduction of the number of classes and teachers - table 1 ). 16. As a result of the school network consolidation, students are transported to receiving schools when the institution in their locality is closed or downsized. However, these receiving schools offer learning environments that are generally outdated and lack quality educational inputs. While the financial savings from the school consolidation create a more efficient education system, more can be done to foster higher-quality education, particularly for affected students from these disadvantaged areas. True efficiency in the sector can only be realized when fiscal savings are complemented with investments in quality enhancing inputs for the most vulnerable ( qualified teachers, modern facilities, appropriate information technology, and laboratory equipment ). 12 PISA 2018 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 60, + 64, + "named" + ], + [ + 6, + 33, + "PISA <> data description" + ], + [ + 334, + 341, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1423, + 1427, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1449, + 1467, + "PISA <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Note: Disaggregation by preschool highlights differences in PISA for students who attended two years or more of preschool and childcare versus those attending one year or less. 12.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a study that collects data on student performance across various countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described in the context of data analysis", + "explicit mention of disaggregation in relation to student performance", + "implies use of structured records for assessment performance", + "PISA refers to a specific assessment data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers specifically to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is conducted globally to collect data on educational outcomes. The mention of disaggregation suggests that the analysis is pulling from specific data points collected by PISA related to students' preschool attendance and their performance. This implies that PISA operates as a dataset because it portrays a quantifiable assessment of students' academic results. A model might confuse this as a mere project or system because the term 'PISA' is tightly associated with the overarching framework it operates under; however, it is ultimately a structured source of data that researchers analyze. The context strongly indicates usage of this specific collective data, rather than just referring to it as a project without access to the detailed data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'PISA' behaves as a dataset mention since it refers to an established international assessment that collects structured records on student performance, rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 14, + "text": "Note: Disaggregation by preschool highlights differences in PISA for students who attended two years or more of preschool and childcare versus those attending one year or less. 12. School consolidation and the quality of the learning environment are inextricably linked, affecting more students from disadvantaged areas. Education in Moldova is largely publicly financed, with falling or stagnant student numbers in all subsectors except for preschool. In recent years, the general education system has been optimized in response to the declining demographic trends ( largely through reduction of the number of classes and teachers - table 1 ). 16. As a result of the school network consolidation, students are transported to receiving schools when the institution in their locality is closed or downsized. However, these receiving schools offer learning environments that are generally outdated and lack quality educational inputs. While the financial savings from the school consolidation create a more efficient education system, more can be done to foster higher-quality education, particularly for affected students from these disadvantaged areas. True efficiency in the sector can only be realized when fiscal savings are complemented with investments in quality enhancing inputs for the most vulnerable ( qualified teachers, modern facilities, appropriate information technology, and laboratory equipment ). 12 PISA 2018 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1418, + 1422, + "named" + ], + [ + 6, + 33, + "PISA <> data description" + ], + [ + 334, + 341, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1423, + 1427, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1449, + 1467, + "PISA <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "True efficiency in the sector can only be realized when fiscal savings are complemented with investments in quality enhancing inputs for the most vulnerable ( qualified teachers, modern facilities, appropriate information technology, and laboratory equipment ). 12 PISA 2018 data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a survey that collects data on student performance and educational outcomes across different countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'PISA 2018 data'", + "describes a specific assessment collecting educational performance data", + "related to structured records on student performance" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' clearly refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment. The sentence's construction ('PISA 2018 data') indicates that it is referencing data collected through this assessment. Although 'PISA' itself is a program, it is explicitly being used here to point to the data it generated in 2018. The absence of phrases that would suggest it is merely a project or system (such as 'management information system') reinforces that this mention leans towards it being a dataset. However, a model might confuse it due to its nature as an assessment program that provides structured data, thus making it look like a project or system at a glance. It's important for models to discern when a program is serving a primary role in data generation rather than simply being a framework or infrastructure for data storage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, PISA is accurately identified as a dataset because it refers specifically to the data generated by the assessment, associated with structured educational records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 343, + 347, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 290, + 294, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of educational data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "used in the context of supporting decision-making", + "refers to a system rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers specifically to an 'educational management information system' which, while involved in collecting and potentially compiling data, is primarily described as a system that supports decision-making through the management of education sector data. The contextual clues indicate that it is not simply a dataset but rather an infrastructure that collects, organizes, and makes use of data collected from various levels of education. The phrasing 'covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data' implies that it encompasses a broader function than just housing a singular dataset; it suggests a comprehensive system involved in record-keeping and management rather than presenting the data itself. This is likely where the confusion arose for the extraction model, as the term 'data' and the structured nature of what EMIS represents can easily lead to its identification as a dataset. However, the emphasis on it being a system and not a specific collection of static records clarifies its role in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset; it is a management information system designed to compile and manage educational data, rather than a standalone data set." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 394, + 398, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 843, + 867, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of education data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as supporting evidence-based decision-making", + "explicitly refers to a system rather than a concrete set of collected data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System, which primarily serves as a framework for managing and storing educational data rather than representing the dataset itself. The term is mentioned as a system that covers various levels of education data but is not explicitly called a dataset or referred to as such in the surrounding text. Phrases like 'consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS' and 'data which are regularly collected by the system' indicate that EMIS is being used as a management tool that facilitates the collection and reporting of educational statistics but does not define it as a concrete dataset in itself. The potential confusion arises since EMIS appears to serve data management and reporting purposes, which can lead one to misconstrue it as a dataset. However, it is fundamentally a system rather than a self-contained dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is better understood as a management information system, not a standalone dataset, as the context describes it as a system that manages and stores educational data rather than referring to discrete data records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 672, + 676, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 290, + 294, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 872, + 886, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of educational data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as an integrated EMIS system", + "lacking a direct indication that it is a dataset", + "compared to data published by a national bureau" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'EMIS' here appears to be used as a name for an education management information system rather than a dataset itself. The mention focuses on the system's capabilities (linking information) and identifies it as lacking in integrated functionality. The context suggests that EMIS is a framework or system responsible for managing educational data rather than being a repository or a dataset of data points. The phrase 'data reported in the EMIS open data portal' hints at the existence of a dataset but does not define EMIS itself as a dataset. The model might have confused EMIS as a dataset due to its capitalization and usage in a data-related context, particularly because it is mentioned alongside actual data sources like national statistics, which creates a potential for misleading interpretation. However, the explicit lack of data sourcing in the description indicates that it functions more as a system or platform for handling educational data rather than being a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS functions as a system for managing educational data and does not qualify as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 790, + 794, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 290, + 294, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 872, + 886, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of educational data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated EMIS", + "mentioned in relation to data reporting practices", + "compared to a portal but not presented as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' appears to function more as a management information system (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset. The text describes EMIS in terms of its capabilities and its role in integrating various types of educational data rather than presenting it as a dataset that contains specific records or statistics. The comparison with the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) indicates that EMIS is part of an infrastructure supporting educational data management, rather than being a primary data source in itself. Phrases like 'the current EMIS and established data reporting practices' suggest it is part of an organizational or systemic approach rather than a specific dataset. The model might have been confused by the structured nature of EMIS and the terminology indicating it holds educational data, which can lead to the assumption that it is a dataset. However, without explicit mention of it as a data source in this instance, it does not meet the criteria for being treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is better described as a management information system that facilitates educational data integration and does not represent a specific, concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 956, + 960, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 290, + 294, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of education data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated EMIS", + "mentioned only as a system or infrastructure", + "does not explicitly define it as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers specifically to an Education Management Information System. The text indicates that it lacks a proper integrated system and discusses existing setups, emphasizing the overall need for a data management framework rather than detailing a specific dataset. While EMIS might eventually contain records of student data, informally the term suggests a larger system or project rather than a narrow data resource. The confusion arises because it appears in a context discussing data integration and management, leading the model to over-interpret it as a dataset. However, it lacks explicit mention as a data source or repository that supplies records or statistics for direct analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is treated as a management information system and not a concrete dataset, as it is depicted as infrastructure rather than a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 17, + "text": "The global spread of COVID-19 has led to unprecedented disruptions in schooling, requiring understanding of how students \u2019 learning has changed. Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and the analysis of PISA 2022 results are important for managing learning recovery from the pandemic. The MoER consolidated and strengthened the student-level EMIS to support evidence-based decision-making. 22 EMIS now covers preschool, primary, general secondary, and vocational education data, which are regularly collected by the system. Reports on the performance of each school are produced and disclosed annually. However, significant differences exist between data reported in the EMIS open data portal and data published by the National Bureau of Statistics ( NBS ) of Moldova. A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1066, + 1070, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 120, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 145, + 152, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 204, + 213, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 290, + 294, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 829, + 837, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 843, + 867, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 872, + 886, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A single integrated EMIS capable of linking information on students with population register data and financing data of the Ministry of Finance ( MoF ) is currently lacking. The current EMIS and established data reporting practices provide a solid foundation for the development of an integrated EMIS 22 Under support of the completed World Bank-financed Moldova Education Reform Project.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of educational data that supports evidence-based decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly referred to as a management information system rather than a specific dataset. The phrase indicates that it is a structural framework ('a single integrated EMIS'), suggesting it is a system designed to aggregate and manage data rather than a concrete data repository that one would analyze. Even though it is discussed in a context that may imply it holds structured educational data, the primary focus is on its functions and capabilities as a system, not as a dataset itself. The mention of 'currently lacking' demonstrates a gap in availability rather than denoting it as an existing dataset. This may confuse models since 'EMIS' stands out and is placed in educational contexts where datasets are often discussed, leading models to mistakenly classify it as a dataset. However, its description as a system emphasizes its role as infrastructure rather than a direct source of data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' represents a management information system that organizes and manages educational data. It is not classified as a dataset since it is not presented as a concrete source of structured records needed for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 19, + "text": "PDO level indictors are as follows: \u2022 Participating teachers with improved teaching practices \u2022 Improved learning outcomes of students benefitting from project-supported tutoring program ( disaggregated by gender, urban / rural, refugee / vulnerability status ) \u2022 Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated using data generated by the integrated EMIS for education sector management and refugee response 24 From Learning Recovery to Education Transformation: Insights and Reflections from the Fourth Survey on National Education Responses to COVID-19 School Closures. https: / / openknowledge. worldbank. org / handle / 10986 / 38112 25 UNICEF; the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ); and UNESCO \u2019 s Institute for Statistics. 26 World Bank Group. 2022. Moldova \u2013 Digital Education Readiness Assessment 2021-22. Washington, D. C.: World Bank Group. 27 Navigating Multiple Crises, Staying the Course on Long-term Development: The World Bank Group \u2019 s Response to the Crises Affecting Developing Countries ( English ), Washington, DC, World Bank Group.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 374, + 378, + "named" + ], + [ + 264, + 299, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 758, + 764, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 798, + 808, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 816, + 820, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 822, + 829, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 871, + 878, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 899, + 915, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 997, + 1007, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1101, + 1111, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PDO level indictors are as follows: \u2022 Participating teachers with improved teaching practices \u2022 Improved learning outcomes of students benefitting from project-supported tutoring program ( disaggregated by gender, urban / rural, refugee / vulnerability status ) \u2022 Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated using data generated by the integrated EMIS for education sector management and refugee response 24 From Learning Recovery to Education Transformation: Insights and Reflections from the Fourth Survey on National Education Responses to COVID-19 School Closures. https: / / openknowledge.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing education sector information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated EMIS for education sector management", + "mentioned in the context of annual education statistics reports", + "not specifically defined as a dataset, more as a management information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an integrated Education Management Information System. While it indeed generates data and is involved in the production of annual education statistics reports, it functions more as a management system rather than a standalone dataset. The text explicitly describes the system\u2019s role in managing and analyzing information, which indicates it is an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset itself. This might have led to confusion for the model due to the phrase 'using data generated by the integrated EMIS', which suggests a linkage to data but does not position EMIS as a dataset in itself. The context does not treat EMIS as a primary source of structured records but more as a facilitator in education management and response to refugee statuses, which leans towards seeing it as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not a dataset in this instance, but rather a management information system used for education sector management, emphasizing its role in the infrastructure for handling data rather than being identified as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 21, + "text": "The program design / prototypes will be developed based on international evidence and will cover targeting of students for the pilot, subject areas, selection of tutors ( identification and selection criteria for the tutors who will deliver the program ), mode of delivery ( online / blend, duration, timing, frequency, and so on ), cost implications, and materials and / or equipment needed. High-dosage tutoring, with small groups of students who meet around three times a week for tutoring sessions lasting up to an hour over 10 weeks, typically shows the greatest impact30. The tutoring program will first be piloted in the randomly selected schools ( with proper selection of treatment and control groups ). After an initial cohort of students participates in an impact evaluation and program design is fine-tuned in line with its finding and recommendations, disadvantaged students performing in the bottom 20 percent will be provided with a supplemental tutoring program ( remedial / accelerated learning program ) developed under the project. The identification and targeting of disadvantaged students will be made by the MoER and will be facilitated by student-level EMIS and other sources of data on vulnerability, socioeconomic status, and academic performance of students in full adherence to the national personal data protection legislation. 28 The quality assessment survey will build on tools such as TEACH ECE that focuses on measuring teaching quality in the classroom and the Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes that focuses on children \u2019 s learning and development outcomes and the quality of early learning environments. 29 Including in Ukrainian language such as Romanian-Ukrainian learning materials developed by UNICEF. 30 Education Endowment Foundation. 2018. Small Group Tuition. London: Education Endowment Foundation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1417, + 1426, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The identification and targeting of disadvantaged students will be made by the MoER and will be facilitated by student-level EMIS and other sources of data on vulnerability, socioeconomic status, and academic performance of students in full adherence to the national personal data protection legislation. 28 The quality assessment survey will build on tools such as TEACH ECE that focuses on measuring teaching quality in the classroom and the Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes that focuses on children \u2019 s learning and development outcomes and the quality of early learning environments. 29 Including in Ukrainian language such as Romanian-Ukrainian learning materials developed by UNICEF.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "TEACH ECE refers to a tool for measuring teaching quality, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as measuring teaching quality", + "not enumerated alongside other datasets", + "mentioned as a tool rather than a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'TEACH ECE', it becomes evident that the context clearly positions it as a tool used for assessing teaching quality rather than a concrete dataset. While the phrase 'uses data from...' is often a good indicator for identifying datasets, here, 'TEACH ECE' is framed more as a method or resource in quality assessment rather than a repository of structured data. Furthermore, there's no clear assertion that this tool is the primary source of quantitative data or records, which typically characterizes a dataset. The language employed highlights its function, suggesting it's a project or an instrument rather than a standalone dataset. The extraction model may have been misled due to the formal naming of 'TEACH ECE,' a structure that could imply it has the feel of a dataset, especially if viewed without substantial context. However, careful reading reveals its intended role in the assessment process rather than as a collection of data per se.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'TEACH ECE' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a tool for measuring teaching quality rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 21, + "text": "The program design / prototypes will be developed based on international evidence and will cover targeting of students for the pilot, subject areas, selection of tutors ( identification and selection criteria for the tutors who will deliver the program ), mode of delivery ( online / blend, duration, timing, frequency, and so on ), cost implications, and materials and / or equipment needed. High-dosage tutoring, with small groups of students who meet around three times a week for tutoring sessions lasting up to an hour over 10 weeks, typically shows the greatest impact30. The tutoring program will first be piloted in the randomly selected schools ( with proper selection of treatment and control groups ). After an initial cohort of students participates in an impact evaluation and program design is fine-tuned in line with its finding and recommendations, disadvantaged students performing in the bottom 20 percent will be provided with a supplemental tutoring program ( remedial / accelerated learning program ) developed under the project. The identification and targeting of disadvantaged students will be made by the MoER and will be facilitated by student-level EMIS and other sources of data on vulnerability, socioeconomic status, and academic performance of students in full adherence to the national personal data protection legislation. 28 The quality assessment survey will build on tools such as TEACH ECE that focuses on measuring teaching quality in the classroom and the Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes that focuses on children \u2019 s learning and development outcomes and the quality of early learning environments. 29 Including in Ukrainian language such as Romanian-Ukrainian learning materials developed by UNICEF. 30 Education Endowment Foundation. 2018. Small Group Tuition. London: Education Endowment Foundation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1495, + 1540, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The identification and targeting of disadvantaged students will be made by the MoER and will be facilitated by student-level EMIS and other sources of data on vulnerability, socioeconomic status, and academic performance of students in full adherence to the national personal data protection legislation. 28 The quality assessment survey will build on tools such as TEACH ECE that focuses on measuring teaching quality in the classroom and the Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes that focuses on children \u2019 s learning and development outcomes and the quality of early learning environments. 29 Including in Ukrainian language such as Romanian-Ukrainian learning materials developed by UNICEF.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The term refers to a tool or framework for measuring outcomes rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a tool for measuring outcomes rather than a source of data", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes' appears as a framework or a tool in the sentence that discusses the identification of disadvantaged students and quality assessments in early learning environments. It is situated next to the reference to 'TEACH ECE,' which also serves as a measurement tool, reinforcing the notion that this reference is more about measurement methodology rather than indicating a structured collection of data. The sentence does not imply that this term operates as a data source or contains records but instead suggests it functions as a part of an assessment framework. The confusion for the model might stem from the capitalization of the term, which can create an impression of it being a formal entity or dataset, coupled with its positioning in a context that discusses data utilization. However, the absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'contains records' further clarify that it is not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes' behaves as a tool or framework for evaluation rather than a dataset, as it does not refer to a source of data but rather to elements used in assessing outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 156, + 160, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "focuses on support for management decisions rather than data collection", + "not treated as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is explicitly referred to as an Education Management Information System, which indicates it is a tool or infrastructure designed to manage educational data rather than representing a specific dataset. The text emphasizes its role in improving planning and management decisions, suggesting its function is more about data management rather than serving as a concrete source of data for analysis. The model might have been misled due to the capitalization of 'EMIS', which can imply proper noun status, and because it follows a phrase that discusses improving the existing system, which could be interpreted as 'using data from EMIS'. However, the nature of EMIS as a system rather than a distinct dataset is clear from the surrounding context. This distinction highlights the importance of recognizing when a term is functioning as a system or tool and when it is being referred to as a dataset, particularly in technical or institutional language.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' is not considered a dataset because it refers specifically to a management information system rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 401, + 405, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described in the context of improvements and activities rather than data collection", + "not explicitly identified as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to an Education Management Information System, which is fundamentally a system designed to manage and organize educational data rather than serving as a structured collection of data pertinent to the analysis. The text elaborates on various activities aimed at improving the EMIS, including technical enhancements, data collection training, and analytical capacity, all of which indicate that EMIS functions as a tool or infrastructure. The term is not presented as containing specific datasets but as a system under enhancement to manage data effectively. Many signals like the focus on improving functionalities (e.g., generating reports, integrating data, and technical improvements) suggest it is more an operational system than a dataset. These characteristics may confuse extraction models because EMIS is capitalized and appears prominently, leading to the assumption it contains data as it is discussed in the context of data handling; however, it is more proper to understand it as a facilitator for managing educational data rather than constituting the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not a dataset in this context; it is an Education Management Information System referenced in relation to improvements and activities rather than as a direct source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 473, + 477, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a system for generating aggregate data and reports", + "focus on technical improvements rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is referred to as a management information system (MIS) that is focused on the improvements and functionalities that enable it to handle and generate data. The mention of 'system' and the activities listed such as 'technical improvements to EMIS' and 'training to EMIS experts on data collection and management' signal that it is more about the infrastructure and processes involved in handling data rather than a specific dataset of collected information. The text discusses the system\u2019s capabilities, emphasizing its role in managing and processing data which makes it clear that EMIS is not to be understood as a standalone dataset but rather as a tool that processes and manages data. Such terminologies might lead a model to mistakenly classify it as a dataset, particularly because it\u2019s positioned within a context that hints at data collection. However, based on the phrasing and focus, it does not qualify as a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is treated as a management information system that facilitates data management rather than a specific dataset. The surrounding context highlights its role in processing and reporting data, not as a distinct collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 695, + 699, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned in the context of improvements to the system", + "focus on technical improvements and data generation rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is referred to as an Education Management Information System, which indicates that it is a tool or infrastructure designed to manage and process data rather than a specific collection of data itself. The mention of 'improvement of the existing EMIS' and activities focused on strengthening its capabilities underscores that EMIS functions as a system for handling data rather than being a structured dataset on its own. The confusion might arise from the abbreviation EMIS resembling a dataset and being used in a context where data generation is discussed. However, the defining characteristics and activities surrounding EMIS indicate it is more of a management system than a distinct dataset. Hence, drawing the line here is crucial, as EMIS is integral for processing and managing data, but it does not represent a dataset in isolation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS functions as an Education Management Information System focused on data management rather than a distinct dataset, as it emphasizes improvements to the system and its capabilities." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "This subcomponent will support improved planning, management, and evaluation of education reforms in the following areas: ( a ) improvement of the existing EMIS and making better use of data to support management decisions at all levels, ( b ) national and international student assessments, and ( c ) TA to support implementation of Components 1 and 2 of the project. 41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 838, + 842, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "41. Improvement of the existing EMIS includes the following activities: ( a ) technical improvements to EMIS to enable integrated use of NBS and MoF data; ( b ) strengthening a system for the generation of aggregate data and reports based on primary data and integrate data on refugee children from Ukraine; ( c ) training to EMIS experts on data collection and management, ( d ) strengthening the MoER \u2019 s analytical capacity in using data; and ( e ) strengthening of EMIS data protection systems as well as data quality assurance.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data management", + "does not explicitly refer to a structured collection of data", + "activities related to system improvements rather than data use" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' explicitly refers to an Education Management Information System that is described in the context of enhancing its functionalities and capabilities to manage data. The text outlines various activities aimed at technical improvements and training associated with EMIS, which indicates that it serves as a system rather than a standalone dataset. While the term is capitalized and looks like a proper name, it does not fulfill the criteria of a dataset since it does not directly represent a structured collection of data for analysis. The confusion may arise because the phrases used suggest enhanced data collection or generation capabilities; however, EMIS itself is still a system focused on managing and analyzing data rather than providing a specific dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not a dataset but rather a system designed for data management, hence it should be classified as infrastructure rather than a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42. Support for implementation of national and international student assessments includes the following activities: ( a ) analysis of PISA 2022 results in student learning and Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and 2028; ( b ) preparation activities conducted by NACE, including the development, translation, and editing of test materials, education, training, and preparatory workshops, and piloting of assessments; ( c ) test implementation, including printing, distribution, and supervision of assessments, data processing and analysis, and dissemination of results; and ( d ) strengthening of the capacity of the national implementing agency responsible for carrying out national and international student assessments, including for refugee children from Ukraine. Years of administration of PISA are indicative based on the frequency of previous cycles ( pending decision about the frequency of future cycles ). 43. This subcomponent will also support TA for: ( a ) revision of the teacher and manager professional standards, ( b ) nationwide education infrastructure investment planning for modern school", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 120, + 124, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "focused on integrating and improving functionalities of EMIS", + "does not present EMIS as a source of data being analyzed" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, EMIS is identified as an Education Management Information System. This designation indicates that it serves as a platform for managing educational data rather than representing a standalone collection or source of structured data records. The language surrounding EMIS in the text focuses on its role in development, integration, and system improvement rather than as a dataset to be analyzed. This might lead models to erroneously classify it as a dataset, especially since it follows phrases related to data functionality and management. However, it lacks explicit language indicating that it is a dataset in itself. The confusion may rise from its proper noun treatment and its involvement in data handling without being represented as an actual data source for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is an Education Management Information System that focuses on managing and integrating educational data but is not a distinct dataset itself. In this context, it is not treated as a data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42. Support for implementation of national and international student assessments includes the following activities: ( a ) analysis of PISA 2022 results in student learning and Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and 2028; ( b ) preparation activities conducted by NACE, including the development, translation, and editing of test materials, education, training, and preparatory workshops, and piloting of assessments; ( c ) test implementation, including printing, distribution, and supervision of assessments, data processing and analysis, and dissemination of results; and ( d ) strengthening of the capacity of the national implementing agency responsible for carrying out national and international student assessments, including for refugee children from Ukraine. Years of administration of PISA are indicative based on the frequency of previous cycles ( pending decision about the frequency of future cycles ). 43. This subcomponent will also support TA for: ( a ) revision of the teacher and manager professional standards, ( b ) nationwide education infrastructure investment planning for modern school", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 300, + 304, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned alongside project work and integration efforts", + "framework for educational data management rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly articulated as an Education Management Information System, which suggests it functions as a tool or framework rather than a dataset in the traditional sense. The language surrounding \u2018EMIS\u2019 implies that it facilitates the reporting and management of educational data rather than containing a singular, structured collection of data that can be analyzed independently. Furthermore, the focus on integration and modules indicates that 'EMIS' serves as an infrastructure designed to accommodate various educational datasets rather than being an explicit dataset itself. The confusion may arise from the capitalization and formal name of 'EMIS', which could mislead a model into interpreting it as a concrete data source due to typical conventions for dataset naming. However, the surrounding phrases emphasize functionality and integration rather than data outputs, leading me to conclude that this is not a dataset but rather a system that supports data management and reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset here; it is characterized as a management information system that organizes and manages educational data rather than being a structured data collection itself." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42. Support for implementation of national and international student assessments includes the following activities: ( a ) analysis of PISA 2022 results in student learning and Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and 2028; ( b ) preparation activities conducted by NACE, including the development, translation, and editing of test materials, education, training, and preparatory workshops, and piloting of assessments; ( c ) test implementation, including printing, distribution, and supervision of assessments, data processing and analysis, and dissemination of results; and ( d ) strengthening of the capacity of the national implementing agency responsible for carrying out national and international student assessments, including for refugee children from Ukraine. Years of administration of PISA are indicative based on the frequency of previous cycles ( pending decision about the frequency of future cycles ). 43. This subcomponent will also support TA for: ( a ) revision of the teacher and manager professional standards, ( b ) nationwide education infrastructure investment planning for modern school", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 362, + 366, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as part of a project", + "not explicitly stated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for 'Education Management Information System', which is clearly identified as a type of system designed to manage educational data. The phrases that surround 'EMIS' indicate that it is involved in the integration of various modules to enhance data reporting and compliance with regulations, rather than existing as a standalone entity that holds raw data that can be analyzed. It is referenced in a manner that emphasizes its role in facilitating processes and providing interfaces for managing information rather than being a collection of data in itself. This suggests it is more of an infrastructure or tool than a dataset.\n\nA model might confuse 'EMIS' as a dataset due to the capitalized format and its proximity to data handling activities in the text. Phrases like 'integration to EMIS' could lead to assumptions that it serves as a data source. However, upon analyzing the discourse, it's evident that it serves as a system supporting data management tasks rather than being a dataset or a repository of collected data akin to a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly identified as a management information system rather than a data source of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 25, + "text": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42. Support for implementation of national and international student assessments includes the following activities: ( a ) analysis of PISA 2022 results in student learning and Moldova \u2019 s participation in PISA 2025 and 2028; ( b ) preparation activities conducted by NACE, including the development, translation, and editing of test materials, education, training, and preparatory workshops, and piloting of assessments; ( c ) test implementation, including printing, distribution, and supervision of assessments, data processing and analysis, and dissemination of results; and ( d ) strengthening of the capacity of the national implementing agency responsible for carrying out national and international student assessments, including for refugee children from Ukraine. Years of administration of PISA are indicative based on the frequency of previous cycles ( pending decision about the frequency of future cycles ). 43. This subcomponent will also support TA for: ( a ) revision of the teacher and manager professional standards, ( b ) nationwide education infrastructure investment planning for modern school", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 539, + 543, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More specifically, it will finance ( a ) development and integration of the e-Catalog / e-Register and other modules to EMIS that would allow a switch from paper-based to a greener, more efficient electronic format of data reporting to various stakeholders and interoperability of the NBS system and EMIS; ( b ) creation of the dedicated module and interface in EMIS that would allow the MoER to identify students who require support with adherence to the personal data protection legislation; and ( c ) the development and integration to EMIS of a module for ANACEC on external assessment of education institutions. 42.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as a system that manages educational data, not as a data source", + "no explicit mention of containing structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS refers specifically to an Education Management Information System, as indicated by its description and the mention of modules that enhance its functionality. The phrases surrounding it emphasize the integration and management aspects of the system, such as switching from paper-based reporting to electronic formats. The text does not indicate that EMIS itself is a dataset; rather, it highlights capabilities and extensions of the system to improve data reporting and compliance. A model might be confused because 'EMIS' is capitalized and appears in a list format, which often denotes named entities, but the context clearly positions it as a system rather than a standalone dataset. Such confusion may arise when the distinction between data management systems and actual datasets is not adequately emphasized.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMIS is not considered a dataset because it is explicitly identified as an information system for managing educational data, rather than a structured dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 20 of 68 52. Inclusion. Despite significant achievements on inclusive education, students with disabilities still face exclusion in Moldova. The Joint Evaluation of the Implementation of the Programme for Development of Inclusive Education 2011 \u2013 2020 highlighted significant efforts that have been made in recent years to increase disability inclusion in education. Nevertheless, the report revealed that educational institutions, at all levels, are only partially prepared to facilitate the access of children with disabilities ( especially motor skill disorders and hearing and / or visual impairments ) through access infrastructure. In this regard, the accessibility of all types of educational institutions is still an issue for Moldova. These accessibility constraints are reflected in wider disparities in education and subsequently work opportunities for people with disabilities. Principles of universal access will guide the project preparation including the design of the new high schools in terms of physical access, safety and emergency egress, and access to learning opportunities to ensure inclusion and safety of students with disabilities. 53. Personal data protection. The EMIS and national and international assessments adhere to the national personal data protection legislation. The national practices are informed and strengthened by the successful participation of Moldova in PISA, governed by the OECD Personal Data Protection Rules and practices.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1262, + 1266, + "named" + ], + [ + 202, + 209, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 310, + 321, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 805, + 812, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1459, + 1466, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Personal data protection. The EMIS and national and international assessments adhere to the national personal data protection legislation. The national practices are informed and strengthened by the successful participation of Moldova in PISA, governed by the OECD Personal Data Protection Rules and practices.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of compliance with personal data protection legislation", + "discussed alongside assessments rather than data sources", + "refers to a management information system rather than raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referenced in relation to personal data protection and standards rather than as a concrete source of data. While it may contain data, it is primarily serving as a framework or system within which data might be managed or analyzed. The lack of phrases indicating its use as a dataset (like 'uses data from') and its association with legislation indicates that it is more of a tool or platform than a standalone dataset. The model likely misinterpreted its role due to its capitalization and formal naming, which can suggest it is a specific entity related to data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is described as an information system related to educational management rather than a direct source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 20 of 68 52. Inclusion. Despite significant achievements on inclusive education, students with disabilities still face exclusion in Moldova. The Joint Evaluation of the Implementation of the Programme for Development of Inclusive Education 2011 \u2013 2020 highlighted significant efforts that have been made in recent years to increase disability inclusion in education. Nevertheless, the report revealed that educational institutions, at all levels, are only partially prepared to facilitate the access of children with disabilities ( especially motor skill disorders and hearing and / or visual impairments ) through access infrastructure. In this regard, the accessibility of all types of educational institutions is still an issue for Moldova. These accessibility constraints are reflected in wider disparities in education and subsequently work opportunities for people with disabilities. Principles of universal access will guide the project preparation including the design of the new high schools in terms of physical access, safety and emergency egress, and access to learning opportunities to ensure inclusion and safety of students with disabilities. 53. Personal data protection. The EMIS and national and international assessments adhere to the national personal data protection legislation. The national practices are informed and strengthened by the successful participation of Moldova in PISA, governed by the OECD Personal Data Protection Rules and practices.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1470, + 1474, + "named" + ], + [ + 202, + 209, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 310, + 321, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 805, + 812, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1459, + 1466, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1492, + 1496, + "PISA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The EMIS and national and international assessments adhere to the national personal data protection legislation. The national practices are informed and strengthened by the successful participation of Moldova in PISA, governed by the OECD Personal Data Protection Rules and practices.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a large-scale international assessment that evaluates education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of national and international assessments", + "governed by OECD Personal Data Protection Rules", + "alluded to as part of national practices and policy frameworks" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is discussed in relation to national and international assessments and data protection legislation rather than as a standalone dataset. While PISA does generate data from its assessments, the text emphasizes its role as a framework or program that influences national practices, which aligns more with being a project rather than a concrete dataset. The phraseology suggests an overarching initiative guiding assessments rather than an explicit data source for analysis. A model might draw confusion from the fact that PISA produces datasets, thus leading to the premature classification as a dataset. However, here it is more accurately identified as a program that operates within a policy context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is not classified as a dataset; it serves more as a governance framework that informs assessment policy rather than being a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 26 of 68 project manager, FM specialist, PS, M & E specialist, environmental specialist and social development specialist with experience in GBV prevention and response, civil works engineers, and other technical specialists to ensure timely, quality, transparent, and effective implementation of the civil works activities. Further details will be provided in the POM. The fiduciary assessment of the PMT of the MoER and NORLD has been completed and is reflected in the fiduciary sections. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 791, + 795, + "named" + ], + [ + 742, + 777, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 949, + 1063, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1071, + 1090, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1148, + 1177, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education institutions and students, making it a dataset used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as generating data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' is specifically mentioned as a source of data regarding education institutions and students, which is crucial for monitoring and evaluation. The term follows a phrase indicating its usage ('will be monitored using the following data'), making it a clear candidate for being treated as a dataset. Although 'EMIS' is an acronym for an Educational Management Information System, the surrounding context clearly defines it as generating data instead of just functioning as a system. This is reinforced by its enumeration with other concrete data sources. The model may have initially flagged it as a dataset due to these specific indicators of data generation and management, despite its status as a system; however, the inclusion alongside explicit data types helps clarify its role here. Thus, I conclude that 'EMIS' operates effectively as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is treated as a dataset because it generates specific data on education institutions and students, essential for monitoring tasks. Its role is supported by its enumeration with other data sources and the phrasing indicating data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 26 of 68 project manager, FM specialist, PS, M & E specialist, environmental specialist and social development specialist with experience in GBV prevention and response, civil works engineers, and other technical specialists to ensure timely, quality, transparent, and effective implementation of the civil works activities. Further details will be provided in the POM. The fiduciary assessment of the PMT of the MoER and NORLD has been completed and is reflected in the fiduciary sections. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 800, + 826, + "named" + ], + [ + 829, + 872, + "e-Catalogue / e - Register <> data description" + ], + [ + 874, + 900, + "e-Catalogue / e - Register <> reference population" + ], + [ + 906, + 922, + "e-Catalogue / e - Register <> reference population" + ], + [ + 949, + 1063, + "e-Catalogue / e - Register <> data description" + ], + [ + 1122, + 1126, + "e-Catalogue / e - Register <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The e-Catalogue / e-Register refers to a structured collection of data related to education institutions and students, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known data sources", + "follows 'generated by'", + "described as part of M&E activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'e-Catalogue / e - Register' appears to be described in conjunction with EMIS, which commonly refers to an education Management Information System. The phrase 'generated by' implies that this might refer to data created or sourced from this system rather than being a standalone dataset. Although it is positioned among other data sources, it shares a similar function with EMIS, suggesting that it could be seen as part of the infrastructure that collects, stores, and maybe analyzes educational data rather than explicitly being a defined dataset. There is potential confusion here because it is mentioned in a data context, but without explicit indication that it holds data in a standalone manner, it aligns more closely with being part of the systems used to manage data rather than offering a discrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'e-Catalogue / e - Register' does not function as a standalone dataset within this context; it refers to part of the educational information system infrastructure that generates and manages data rather than defining a unique dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 26 of 68 project manager, FM specialist, PS, M & E specialist, environmental specialist and social development specialist with experience in GBV prevention and response, civil works engineers, and other technical specialists to ensure timely, quality, transparent, and effective implementation of the civil works activities. Further details will be provided in the POM. The fiduciary assessment of the PMT of the MoER and NORLD has been completed and is reflected in the fiduciary sections. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1131, + 1136, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 68. The PDO-level results indicators and intermediate results indicators will be monitored using the following data: ( a ) data on education institutions and students generated by EMIS and e-Catalogue / e - Register ( disaggregated by gender, urban-rural divide, students with disabilities, and refugee students ); ( b ) results from the nationally representative national and international assessments of student performance and classroom observations; ( c ) regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD; and ( d ) semiannual monitoring reports prepared by the MoER under support of the PMT. The MoER through the PMT will carry out the day-to-day coordination of M & E activities.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NORLD refers to an organization involved in the project, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "described in a context that suggests it is associated with M & E activities rather than as a dataset", + "not explicitly referred to as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NORLD' appears among other data sources which might lead some models to interpret it as a dataset. However, the surrounding text suggests that 'NORLD' is not presented as a collection of structured data. Instead, it sounds more like a project or organization involved in monitoring and evaluation (M & E) activities. The phrase 'regular survey data and administrative data of the MoER and NORLD' indicates that it is being described in relation to the MoER, pointing towards a partnership or collaboration rather than treating 'NORLD' as an independent dataset. A model might confuse 'NORLD' as a dataset due to its capitalization or enumeration among other data sources, but the broader context clarifies that it serves more as an entity involved in the evaluation activities. There is no explicit definition or description that categorizes 'NORLD' as a structured collection of data, reinforcing my decision that it should not be treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NORLD' is not a dataset in this context; it is described more as an organization or entity involved in monitoring and evaluation activities rather than as a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 42, + "text": "information systems completed Integrated EMIS is under development Integrated EMIS is operational Annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Second annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Integrated EMIS is operational and reports, produced", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 30, + 45, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "information systems completed Integrated EMIS is under development Integrated EMIS is operational Annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Second annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Integrated EMIS is operational and reports, produced", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "Integrated EMIS refers to an information system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "mentioned multiple times in the context of system operation rather than data collection", + "annual reports produced using, but not stating that it is the dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon reviewing the context surrounding 'Integrated EMIS', it is evident that it refers to an information management system, as indicated by phrases like 'is under development' and 'is operational'. These points signal that it functions as a tool for managing data rather than being a dataset itself. The mention of 'annual reports produced using integrated EMIS' shows its application in compiling reports, but this does not imply that it constitutes a dataset in its own right. A model might confuse this for a dataset mention because 'Integrated EMIS' is capitalized and appears multiple times in a reporting context, but the lack of explicit phrases like 'uses data from' or identifying it as a primary data source solidifies the understanding that it is not a dataset. Moreover, systems are often referenced alongside datasets, but they sometimes serve different purposes, which must be discerned carefully.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated EMIS' is treated as an information system rather than a dataset, as it is primarily described in operational terms without identifying it as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 42, + "text": "information systems completed Integrated EMIS is under development Integrated EMIS is operational Annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Second annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Integrated EMIS is operational and reports, produced", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 67, + 82, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "information systems completed Integrated EMIS is under development Integrated EMIS is operational Annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Second annual report produced using integrated EMIS with Integrated EMIS is operational and reports, produced", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "Integrated EMIS refers to an information system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "not mentioned directly as a data source", + "multiple mentions without clear data context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Integrated EMIS' is repeatedly mentioned in the context of information systems and operations, indicating it serves as an infrastructure framework rather than functioning as a standalone dataset utilized for analysis. The use of terms like 'operational' and 'reports produced using' does suggest a connection to data output; however, it does not explicitly indicate that 'Integrated EMIS' itself is a dataset. It lacks a direct reference to structured records contained within. A model might have been misled by the contextually strong phrases suggesting data use or report generation, leading it to interpret 'Integrated EMIS' as a dataset rather than a system facilitating data generation. The capitalized term may have added confusion, as it resembles a proper noun often associated with datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated EMIS' is primarily an information system that supports data processing and reporting, rather than a standalone dataset used directly for analysis or research." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 0. 00 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 20. 00 Rapid student assessment mechanism developed and piloted ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tutoring / accelerated learning program for disadvantaged students developed and implemented ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Students benefiting from direct interventions to 0. 00 0. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 212, + 216, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated Education Management Information System that collects and manages data for education sector management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on data generated by\u2019", + "described as integrated EMIS for education sector management", + "mentioned as a system but not directly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that collects, manages, and disseminates data for education sector management. While the model could have identified this term as a dataset due to its capitalization and that it appears after the phrase indicating data usage, it is described more as a system used for generating and managing data rather than the data itself. The focus on EMIS relates to its overarching role and functionality within education management rather than indicating it is a single concrete dataset. The potential confusion arises from the language suggesting it provides data; however, it is the platform/tool that aggregates and organizes this data, making it an infrastructure element rather than a distinct dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that facilitates data for education sector management." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 0. 00 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 20. 00 Rapid student assessment mechanism developed and piloted ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tutoring / accelerated learning program for disadvantaged students developed and implemented ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Students benefiting from direct interventions to 0. 00 0. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 306, + 309, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NBS refers to a National Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside 'MoF data' as a source of trends and outcomes", + "not described as containing structured records", + "referred to as a National Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'NBS' in this context, I observed that it is mentioned alongside other sources of data (specifically 'MoF data') concerning trends in education sector outcomes. However, the term is not described in terms reflecting it as a concrete, structured dataset (like having records or statistics). Instead, it represents the National Bureau of Statistics, which typically functions as an organization responsible for collecting and disseminating data rather than serving as a dataset itself. This is crucial because while 'NBS' may play a vital role in providing data, it lacks the characteristics of being a dataset as needed for analysis, which often requires a definable and accessible collection of structured data. Confusion could arise for models when they see 'NBS' in close proximity to phrases indicating data sources, or due to its capitalization as a proper noun, leading them to incorrectly classify it as a dataset. However, my analysis emphasizes that 'NBS' does not refer to a specific dataset but rather an organization, establishing a distinction between system or project versus dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NBS' refers to the National Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization and not a dataset, as it is not described as having structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 0. 00 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 20. 00 Rapid student assessment mechanism developed and piloted ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tutoring / accelerated learning program for disadvantaged students developed and implemented ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Students benefiting from direct interventions to 0. 00 0. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 314, + 322, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MoF data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0.", + "type": "data", + "explanation": "MoF data refers to structured data generated by the Ministry of Finance, which is used for analysis and reporting in the context of education sector management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as data generated by the Ministry of Finance", + "used for education sector management", + "enumerated alongside NBS data (National Bureau of Statistics data)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MoF data' is specifically referenced in relation to data generated by the Ministry of Finance, which indicates it serves as a structured data source utilized in education sector management. The phrase 'based on data generated by' clearly establishes that what follows is being utilized for analytical purposes, which typically aligns with the definition of a dataset. Furthermore, it is placed alongside other recognized data sources (NBS data), reinforcing its function as a data repository rather than being merely a tool or system. The confusion could arise for models since 'MoF' is an acronym that might also refer to a complex system or project name depending on the reader's prior exposure, yet within this context, it aligns more closely with the concept of structured data pertinent to analyses being conducted within the Education Quality Improvement Project. There's a clear distinction, as the sentence emphasizes the data's role in management rather than in a procedural or infrastructural sense.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MoF data' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly linked to usable structured records generated by the Ministry of Finance, vital for educational analytics and directly mentioned as a source for decision-making." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 0. 00 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 20. 00 Rapid student assessment mechanism developed and piloted ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tutoring / accelerated learning program for disadvantaged students developed and implemented ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Students benefiting from direct interventions to 0. 00 0. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 447, + 450, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NBS refers to a National Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a list with the integrated EMIS and MoF data", + "described in the context of data usage for analysis (e.g., trends, regional variations)", + "explicitly refers to a National Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization, not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NBS' refers specifically to the National Bureau of Statistics, which is an institution known for collecting and coordinating statistical data rather than a dataset itself. The mention follows a discussion of various data sources used for educational assessments, but it is identified here alongside the integrated EMIS and MoF data\u2014their structured records are explicitly the focus. The 'NBS' might lead to confusion for models, as it is capitalized and mentioned in a context where data sources are enumerated\u2014but it lacks a description or implication of being a dataset. Instead, it acts as a broader organization rather than a concrete set of records. Thus, it is important to differentiate between the literal data contained therein and its identification as an organizational entity that generates and provides data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NBS is not a dataset in this context; it refers to an organizational entity (National Bureau of Statistics) that serves as a source of data, not as a structured collection of records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 0. 00 5. 00 10. 00 15. 00 20. 00 20. 00 Rapid student assessment mechanism developed and piloted ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Tutoring / accelerated learning program for disadvantaged students developed and implemented ( for selected grade ) ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Students benefiting from direct interventions to 0. 00 0. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 455, + 463, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 34 of 68 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response ( Text ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) assessment, NBS and MoF data ( report on trends, regional variations in learning outcomes and inputs, and determinants of student learning ) using its data, are publicly disseminated and used for education sector management including refugee response. PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 5 Improving Quality of Teaching Teachers trained on professional standards under the project ( % of teachers in ECEC facilities and grades 1 \u2013 12 ) ( Percentage ) 0.", + "type": "data", + "explanation": "MoF data refers to structured data generated by the Ministry of Finance, which is used for analysis and reporting in the context of education sector management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on data generated by...'", + "enumerated alongside other indicators and data sources like 'NBS data'", + "implies the Ministry of Finance (MoF) generates structured data utilized for assessments" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MoF data' clearly follows a phrase that states how this data is generated and utilized. Additionally, it is mentioned alongside 'NBS data' which clearly refers to another data source. While 'MoF' could refer to the Ministry of Finance, which may also contain management information systems and databases, the text indicates that it directly generates data used in assessments, implying it refers to a concrete dataset rather than just an organization or system. The signals established help clarify that 'MoF data' is not merely a reference to an institution but to the structured output it generates. This is a common source of confusion; models could misinterpret it as a mere tool or infrastructure since it\u2019s a proper name but, contextually, it behaves as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MoF data' is treated as a dataset here because it follows the phrase indicating data usage, implying it comes from structured outputs of the Ministry of Finance relevant to the analysis at hand." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 47, + "text": "Annual Progress reports Impact evaluation, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools MoER PMT Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response Reports providing education statistics are produced and publicly disseminated on an annual basis thanks to the integrated EMIS ( to identify determinants of student and school performance for decision making on teacher policies / training, tutoring program, and other investments in the Annual Integrated EMIS database; annual education reports progress and monitoring reports; annual education reports MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 209, + 224, + "named" + ], + [ + 107, + 142, + "integrated EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Progress reports Impact evaluation, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools MoER PMT Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response Reports providing education statistics are produced and publicly disseminated on an annual basis thanks to the integrated EMIS ( to identify determinants of student and school performance for decision making on teacher policies / training, tutoring program, and other investments in the Annual Integrated EMIS database; annual education reports progress and monitoring reports; annual education reports MoER, PMT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The integrated EMIS refers to a structured collection of education data used for management and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "mentioned only as a project/system, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the text, 'integrated EMIS' is clearly positioned as a management information system rather than a discrete dataset. It is part of a larger framework for education sector management, suggesting it serves as the infrastructure that helps to collect, store, and manage data, rather than being a standalone dataset itself. The presence of phrases indicating that reports are 'produced based on data generated by the integrated EMIS' suggests that the EMIS serves as a source of data rather than being indicative of one specific dataset. The term 'integrated EMIS' is not presented as a singular, concrete collection of data records but rather signifies an overarching system designed to facilitate the management and evaluation of education statistics. Therefore, it falls into the category of a tool or system instead of being viewed as a dataset. The extraction model might have inferred it as a dataset due to context phrases like 'based on data generated by', but it must be recognized that EMIS here operates as a database or system rather than a finite set of records. This reinforces the need to consider the broader role of the named systems in data analysis contexts and not just categorize them based on terminology alone.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'integrated EMIS' is not a dataset in this context, as it is clearly referred to as a management information system that supports data management and reporting rather than being a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 47, + "text": "Annual Progress reports Impact evaluation, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools MoER PMT Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response Reports providing education statistics are produced and publicly disseminated on an annual basis thanks to the integrated EMIS ( to identify determinants of student and school performance for decision making on teacher policies / training, tutoring program, and other investments in the Annual Integrated EMIS database; annual education reports progress and monitoring reports; annual education reports MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 580, + 611, + "named" + ], + [ + 107, + 142, + "Annual Integrated EMIS database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Progress reports Impact evaluation, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools MoER PMT Annual education statistics reports produced and publicly disseminated based on data generated by the integrated EMIS and used for education sector management including refugee response Reports providing education statistics are produced and publicly disseminated on an annual basis thanks to the integrated EMIS ( to identify determinants of student and school performance for decision making on teacher policies / training, tutoring program, and other investments in the Annual Integrated EMIS database; annual education reports progress and monitoring reports; annual education reports MoER, PMT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Annual Integrated EMIS database is a structured collection of education data used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on' referring to data generation", + "described as used for education sector management", + "explicitly references reports produced from it" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Annual Integrated EMIS database' appears in an empirical context that clearly connects it to the production of reports based on data generated. Phrases like 'based on data generated by the integrated EMIS' indicate that this database is a source of data utilized for education statistics and for decision-making in the education sector. The term is presented as a key part of the data infrastructure used to inform policies and practices. While the 'EMIS' itself could suggest a broader management information system, the context strongly indicates that this particular 'database' functions as a structured dataset because it is integral for generating specific, actionable statistical reports. The confusion might arise from its label as 'database,' which sometimes leads to assumptions about it being just a storage tool rather than a dataset in the analytical sense, but it serves a clearly defined purpose related to data utilization and policy impact. However, in this context, it is positioned as a critical structured collection of data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Annual Integrated EMIS database' is treated as a dataset here because it is linked directly to the production of education statistics and reports, indicating its role as a specific data source rather than just an information system or tool." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 40 of 68 the project. Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning Annual Technical reports, progress reports Technical reports, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools NORLD, MoER, PMT Students benefiting from direct interventions to enhance learning - Female Annual Technical reports, progress reports Technical reports, progress reports drawing on data from selected schools NORLD, MoER, PMT Teachers recruited or trained Annual Progress and monitoring reports Progress reports and data MoER, PMT, ANACEC, NACE, CTICE Gender gap in STEM education reduced This indicator measures the participation rates of boys and girls in STEM education. The gap is calculated as the difference in enrollment rates of boys and girls in real profile ( proxy for STEM education ) in all secondary schools. The enrollment rate is calculated as the number of boys ( girls ) studying in real profile in grades 9-12 in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the total number of boys ( girls ) enrolled in grades 9-12 ( Baseline: Girls: 27 %; Boys: Annual EMIS EMIS data CTICE, MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1152, + 1156, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The gap is calculated as the difference in enrollment rates of boys and girls in real profile ( proxy for STEM education ) in all secondary schools. The enrollment rate is calculated as the number of boys ( girls ) studying in real profile in grades 9-12 in a given year, expressed as a percentage of the total number of boys ( girls ) enrolled in grades 9-12 ( Baseline: Girls: 27 %; Boys: Annual EMIS EMIS data CTICE, MoER, PMT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned following 'Annual EMIS EMIS data'", + "described as concerning enrollment rates", + "refers to an education management information system, not directly a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is presented in a way that indicates it is a system or framework\u2014specifically, an Education Management Information System\u2014rather than a dataset itself. Although there is a reference to 'EMIS data', it seems to imply that EMIS is the overarching system that contains this data. The specific mention of data related to enrollment rates supports this view but does not lead to it being classified as an actual dataset used for analysis. The model may have confused 'EMIS' as a dataset because it follows phrases related to numerical analysis and enrollment statistics; this proximity could signal that it functions as a data source. However, without clear indication that EMIS itself is a collection of data (and more as a system providing access to this data), it is more accurate to classify it as a management system rather than a standalone dataset. The repetition of 'EMIS' and the lack of concrete dataset descriptors also contributes to potential confusion, as it fails to clarify whether the reference is purely to the system as a data source or the data explicitly generated from its operation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is better identified as a management information system that stores educational data rather than being a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 43 of 68 inclusion, and sustainability ) Number of sector staff participating in capacity building trainings under the project This indicator will measure the number of sector staff trained on ( EMIS, national and international assessments and data analysis, tutoring / accelerated learning programs, ECEC reforms, integrated approach to designing and implementing resilient, sustainable, and inclusive school and preschool projects ). Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years. Annual Progress and monitoring reports, capacity building plan Progress and monitoring reports NORLD, MoER, PMT Monitoring tool with reliable gender - disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive accelerated learning This indicator will capture the development of the monitoring tool with reliable gender-disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive tutoring, accelerated learning or other catch-up program Annual EMIS EMIS and monitoring tool data CTICE, MoER, PMT Improved regulatory environment for affordable and quality childcare for preschool children This indicator will measure the number of changes made to subsector regulations, with adjustments to the norms on the space, trainings for Annual Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 265, + 269, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 178, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1175, + 1193, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 43 of 68 inclusion, and sustainability ) Number of sector staff participating in capacity building trainings under the project This indicator will measure the number of sector staff trained on ( EMIS, national and international assessments and data analysis, tutoring / accelerated learning programs, ECEC reforms, integrated approach to designing and implementing resilient, sustainable, and inclusive school and preschool projects ). Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of a list with no direct attribution as a data source", + "not explicitly described as containing structured records for analysis", + "appears alongside project references, indicating it might be a system or tool used within the project" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'EMIS' in this context, it is crucial to recognize that while the acronym typically stands for 'Education Management Information System', the text does not explicitly outline it as a source of data. Rather, it is presented among other educational programs and assessments without a clear indication that it functions as a standalone dataset. The phrase 'participating in capacity building trainings under the project' suggests that EMIS is part of a broader system or framework being discussed in relation to the project. The model might have been confused by the project context where 'EMIS' could be interpreted as being essential for data related to education quality but lacks the explicit language needed to classify it as a dataset. Thus, I draw the line by considering whether EMIS is solely being invoked as a project/system tool rather than a focused dataset providing empirical information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' does not qualify as a dataset since it is mentioned alongside programmatic elements without specific reference to it as a data source or collection of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 43 of 68 inclusion, and sustainability ) Number of sector staff participating in capacity building trainings under the project This indicator will measure the number of sector staff trained on ( EMIS, national and international assessments and data analysis, tutoring / accelerated learning programs, ECEC reforms, integrated approach to designing and implementing resilient, sustainable, and inclusive school and preschool projects ). Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years. Annual Progress and monitoring reports, capacity building plan Progress and monitoring reports NORLD, MoER, PMT Monitoring tool with reliable gender - disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive accelerated learning This indicator will capture the development of the monitoring tool with reliable gender-disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive tutoring, accelerated learning or other catch-up program Annual EMIS EMIS and monitoring tool data CTICE, MoER, PMT Improved regulatory environment for affordable and quality childcare for preschool children This indicator will measure the number of changes made to subsector regulations, with adjustments to the norms on the space, trainings for Annual Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1050, + 1054, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 178, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1175, + 1193, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years. Annual Progress and monitoring reports, capacity building plan Progress and monitoring reports NORLD, MoER, PMT Monitoring tool with reliable gender - disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive accelerated learning This indicator will capture the development of the monitoring tool with reliable gender-disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive tutoring, accelerated learning or other catch-up program Annual EMIS EMIS and monitoring tool data CTICE, MoER, PMT Improved regulatory environment for affordable and quality childcare for preschool children This indicator will measure the number of changes made to subsector regulations, with adjustments to the norms on the space, trainings for Annual Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports MoER, PMT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a monitoring tool", + "follows 'Annual EMIS'", + "mentioned alongside tool data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is associated with the phrase 'Annual EMIS', which indicates it might be reference to an annual report or activity tied to an educational management information system rather than a concrete dataset. Additionally, it's noted alongside 'monitoring tool', suggesting that EMIS serves as a mechanism or infrastructure for tracking data rather than representing a specific structured set of data records. The combination with phrases like 'with reliable gender-disaggregated data' muddles the perception as it implies the existence of data, but does not establish EMIS itself as the dataset. Instead, it behaves more like a framework or system designed to facilitate the management of data rather than a distinct, analyzable dataset. The extraction model may have misinterpreted it as a dataset due to capitalization and proximity to phrases like 'reliable data', which typically point towards data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is better understood as a monitoring tool or system for managing educational data rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Education Quality Improvement Project ( P179363 ) Page 43 of 68 inclusion, and sustainability ) Number of sector staff participating in capacity building trainings under the project This indicator will measure the number of sector staff trained on ( EMIS, national and international assessments and data analysis, tutoring / accelerated learning programs, ECEC reforms, integrated approach to designing and implementing resilient, sustainable, and inclusive school and preschool projects ). Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years. Annual Progress and monitoring reports, capacity building plan Progress and monitoring reports NORLD, MoER, PMT Monitoring tool with reliable gender - disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive accelerated learning This indicator will capture the development of the monitoring tool with reliable gender-disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive tutoring, accelerated learning or other catch-up program Annual EMIS EMIS and monitoring tool data CTICE, MoER, PMT Improved regulatory environment for affordable and quality childcare for preschool children This indicator will measure the number of changes made to subsector regulations, with adjustments to the norms on the space, trainings for Annual Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports MoER, PMT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1055, + 1059, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 178, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Progress will be tracked, and the capacity building plan will be updated every two years. Annual Progress and monitoring reports, capacity building plan Progress and monitoring reports NORLD, MoER, PMT Monitoring tool with reliable gender - disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive accelerated learning This indicator will capture the development of the monitoring tool with reliable gender-disaggregated data to identify disadvantaged students to receive tutoring, accelerated learning or other catch-up program Annual EMIS EMIS and monitoring tool data CTICE, MoER, PMT Improved regulatory environment for affordable and quality childcare for preschool children This indicator will measure the number of changes made to subsector regulations, with adjustments to the norms on the space, trainings for Annual Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports Policy documents, progress and monitoring reports MoER, PMT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project/information system, not as a direct data source", + "follows indicators for Progress and monitoring reports but does not indicate it is an operational dataset", + "described in conjunction with monitoring tools, suggesting it serves as infrastructure rather than a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' seems to refer to an Educational Management Information System, which is commonly understood as a structured tool or system designed to collect, manage, and analyze educational data. While it appears in a sentence discussing monitoring and reporting, there is no explicit phrase that identifies 'EMIS' as a dataset. Instead, it is positioned alongside terms like 'monitoring tool', implying that it functions as a system that houses data rather than being the \u2018dataset\u2019 in focus. The potential confusion arises from the capitalization of 'EMIS' which makes it look like a proper noun or a dataset, especially when models extract text following phrases that suggest data usage. Here, this might lead an extraction model to prematurely identify it as a dataset without considering the systemic context it\u2019s embedded in.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' is more accurately perceived as a management information system rather than an actual dataset, as it's referenced in relation to systems and tools for monitoring progress, without direct indication that it operates as an independent dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 62, + "text": "While learning outcomes had been improving in Moldova before the pandemic ( figure 2. 1 ), there is significant inequality in learning, especially between the wealthiest and poorest households ( figure 1 ), and the pandemic has disproportionately affected the learning of students from poorer households, increasing this inequality ( figure 2 ). Inequality in learning outcomes leads to inequality in human capital, which in turn abets intergenerational transmission of poverty and poverty traps. The investments under the proposed project aim to not only recover the learning loss due to the pandemic but also strengthen the ability of the education system to improve learning outcomes of the most vulnerable including the poorest. The development benefits of education also extend to more environmentally friendly behavior. Investments in quality education lead to more rapid and sustainable economic growth and development. Figure 2. 1. Change in Reading Performance over 2009 \u2013 2018 Source: OECD PISA 2009 and 2018 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1000, + 1004, + "named" + ], + [ + 46, + 53, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 272, + 303, + "PISA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 982, + 986, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 995, + 999, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1000, + 1009, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1014, + 1018, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. Change in Reading Performance over 2009 \u2013 2018 Source: OECD PISA 2009 and 2018 data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a survey that collects data on students' learning outcomes across various countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": "enumerated alongside known datasets; follows 'Source:'; described in context as a data source; aligns with data collection methodology;", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is explicitly linked to data by the phrase 'Source: OECD PISA 2009 and 2018 data.' This indicates a direct relationship to specific data gathered from the PISA assessments. Understanding PISA as an acronym for the Programme for International Student Assessment, it's clear that while it represents a project or program, it has generated concrete datasets (i.e., the performance data from assessments in specific years). The phrasing points towards it being treated in this case as a data source rather than merely a project or system. The mention of '2009 and 2018 data' further reinforces that we are indeed speaking about datasets here, as these terms refer to the specific records collected in those assessment years. Therefore, despite PISA being a broader educational assessment framework, it is described here in a way that aligns with how datasets are defined and understood, justifying categorizing it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is treated as a dataset because it links directly to specific data from the OECD that documents performance outcomes, making it a concrete source of data rather than merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 63, + "text": "In terms of modelling, the effect sizes found elsewhere provide a probability distribution of effects for programs established under this project. These effect sizes are discussed subsequently. For a given effect size, the impact on earnings is modelled based on the lower bound average of the association between cognitive skills and earnings in Patrinos and Psacharopoulos ( 2010 ) of 17 percent per SD of effect. The effect is modelled to increase earnings by this amount across an individual \u2019 s working life. The earnings of an individual with a particular level of education and age ( the age-earnings profile ) are modelled based on the Mincerian earnings function presented in table 2. 1. Individuals are assumed to be able to earn from ages 15 to 65, and the proportion of individuals at each level of education is based on the educational attainment of individuals ages 25 to 19 in the 2020 Labor Force Survey ( LFS ). Table 2. 1.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 896, + 919, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. Individuals are assumed to be able to earn from ages 15 to 65, and the proportion of individuals at each level of education is based on the educational attainment of individuals ages 25 to 19 in the 2020 Labor Force Survey ( LFS ). Table 2.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2020 Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data regarding the labor force, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a survey that collects structured data", + "specifically identifies a collection of data about the labor force" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, '2020 Labor Force Survey' is explicitly referred to as the basis for proportionate educational attainment statistics within a defined age range. The phrase 'based on the educational attainment of individuals' signals that this survey is being utilized as a concrete source for structuring data analysis. Unlike a project or information system that may offer a broader or ongoing collection of data but may not be referenced in the depth necessary to be considered a dataset, the Labor Force Survey is a specific occurrence with a clear focus on data collection. This clear reference, as part of research methodology, aligns it firmly as a dataset rather than merely a project or system. Potential confusion may arise because terminology like 'survey' could resonate with project-type naming conventions; however, because it directly informs data analysis outcomes, it is best classified as a dataset. Additionally, its capitalization and specificity urge the recognition of its institutional framework, which supports its role as a data source, not merely a label for an overarching project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, '2020 Labor Force Survey' is a dataset because it serves as a specific source of structured data about labor force trends, distinguished clearly from project or system categorizations." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 63, + "text": "Modelled Age-Earnings Profile Variables Mincerian Earnings Function Estimates Mean ( individuals ages 20 to 29 ) Higher education 1. 027 0. 34 Vocational education 0. 454 0. 3 Secondary complete 0. 275 0. 13 Secondary incomplete 0. 03 0. 22 Experience 0. 024 Varies by age Experience squared \u2212 0. 0005 Varies be age Female \u2212 0. 248 0. 522 Constant 7. 46 1 Note: Mincerian earnings coefficients are from MCC ( 2014 ) using data from 2006. The constant has been adjusted to convert into annual earnings in 2023 US $. Proportions of individuals in each educational category and female are based on the LFS 2020. 5. Modelled effect sizes for ( a ) increasing teacher effectiveness for student learning ( Subcomponent 1. 1 ) and ( b ) supporting innovative instructional practices ( Subcomponent 1. 3 ) range from 0. 05 SD to 1. 3 SD based on effect sizes of similar programs worldwide. Professional development programs have been shown to have positive effects on student learning outcomes ( Popova et al. 2018 ). Table 2. 2 presents a summary of effect sizes found in evaluations of including randomized trials of interventions that reflect the elements of Subcomponents 1. 1 and 1. 3. These evaluated interventions generally include the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 599, + 602, + "named" + ], + [ + 85, + 110, + "LFS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 409, + 413, + "LFS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 432, + 436, + "LFS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The constant has been adjusted to convert into annual earnings in 2023 US $. Proportions of individuals in each educational category and female are based on the LFS 2020. 5.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LFS refers to the Labour Force Survey, which is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor market conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "context suggests it refers directly to data used in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'LFS' in this context refers to the Labour Force Survey, which is indeed a recognized dataset within labor statistics. The text explicitly states that proportions are 'based on the LFS 2020,' which indicates that this is not just a project or a system but is used specifically for extracting data for analysis. The indicator '2020' suggests it's referring to a specific version of the survey, adding credibility to it being a dataset. A potential confusion might arise because 'LFS' could represent infrastructure or services related to collecting labor data, but given the phrasing around it, it's clear that it is functioning as a dataset in this instance, rather than just a project name or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LFS' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as the source of the data being analyzed, indicating its role in providing structured data for the analysis of labor market conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 64, + "text": "The effect of remedial education on learning outcomes is well established in the literature: teaching oriented to the level of the student rather than the level prescribed for the student \u2019 s grade in the curriculum has produced large gains in learning as found in a number of randomized controlled trials ( Banerjee et al. 2016 ). Table 2. 3 presents effect sizes from evaluations of interventions that have elements of remedial learning targeting struggling students. These vary in modality including computer-assisted adaptive learning, volunteer community members providing after-school tutoring, and curriculum adjustments to focus on core skills. Together, they provide a sense of what would be a reasonable range of effect sizes to expect from the interventions supported under this project. 7. Modeling the benefits of Component 2 relies on the association between the digital learning environment and learning outcomes in PISA 2018. Given that the type of support to schools under Component 2 would vary depending on the needs of recipient schools, it is not possible to identify a range of effect sizes from similar interventions in the impact evaluation literature. Instead, the approach is to use an indicator of school digital learning environment in the PISA 2018 data and use the association between this indicator and learning outcomes as an effect size. The indicator used was whether all computers in the school were connected to the internet or not. The difference in learning outcomes between children at schools with all computers connected to the internet and those not was 0. 15 SD after controlling for differences in household wealth, gender, age, grade, and number of years of preprimary education.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 931, + 940, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7. Modeling the benefits of Component 2 relies on the association between the digital learning environment and learning outcomes in PISA 2018. Given that the type of support to schools under Component 2 would vary depending on the needs of recipient schools, it is not possible to identify a range of effect sizes from similar interventions in the impact evaluation literature.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA 2018 refers to a structured collection of data collected through an international assessment that evaluates educational systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018association between... and learning outcomes in PISA 2018\u2019", + "described in the context of educational assessments", + "implies the use of structured records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA 2018' explicitly refers to an international assessment conducted by the OECD, which collects structured data on students' skills and knowledge. The phrase 'benefits of Component 2 relies on the association between the digital learning environment and learning outcomes in PISA 2018' indicates that the analysis uses structured data from PISA 2018 to model educational outcomes, reinforcing the notion that PISA 2018 acts as a concrete dataset in this instance. Although 'PISA' can sometimes be interpreted as a project or program, here it is directly linked to the evaluation of data and records, eliminating ambiguity regarding its classification as a dataset. The model may have detected 'PISA 2018' as a dataset due to its proper noun form, the context of analyzing data, and its association with structured educational assessments, which could lead to confusion without clear context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA 2018' is correctly identified as a dataset because it refers to structured data collected from a well-defined international assessment that is used for analysis of educational outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 64, + "text": "The effect of remedial education on learning outcomes is well established in the literature: teaching oriented to the level of the student rather than the level prescribed for the student \u2019 s grade in the curriculum has produced large gains in learning as found in a number of randomized controlled trials ( Banerjee et al. 2016 ). Table 2. 3 presents effect sizes from evaluations of interventions that have elements of remedial learning targeting struggling students. These vary in modality including computer-assisted adaptive learning, volunteer community members providing after-school tutoring, and curriculum adjustments to focus on core skills. Together, they provide a sense of what would be a reasonable range of effect sizes to expect from the interventions supported under this project. 7. Modeling the benefits of Component 2 relies on the association between the digital learning environment and learning outcomes in PISA 2018. Given that the type of support to schools under Component 2 would vary depending on the needs of recipient schools, it is not possible to identify a range of effect sizes from similar interventions in the impact evaluation literature. Instead, the approach is to use an indicator of school digital learning environment in the PISA 2018 data and use the association between this indicator and learning outcomes as an effect size. The indicator used was whether all computers in the school were connected to the internet or not. The difference in learning outcomes between children at schools with all computers connected to the internet and those not was 0. 15 SD after controlling for differences in household wealth, gender, age, grade, and number of years of preprimary education.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1268, + 1282, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Given that the type of support to schools under Component 2 would vary depending on the needs of recipient schools, it is not possible to identify a range of effect sizes from similar interventions in the impact evaluation literature. Instead, the approach is to use an indicator of school digital learning environment in the PISA 2018 data and use the association between this indicator and learning outcomes as an effect size. The indicator used was whether all computers in the school were connected to the internet or not.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PISA 2018 data refers to a structured collection of data collected through the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is used for research and analysis of educational outcomes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses an indicator of\u2019", + "mentioned as a structured collection of data", + "explicitly tied to an established assessment program (PISA)", + "described in terms of its use in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'PISA 2018 data' refers directly to data collected through the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a large-scale OECD initiative aimed at evaluating educational systems. In this context, it is explicitly mentioned as a source of data for analyzing educational outcomes, leading me to conclude that it functions as a real dataset. There is no indication that it is merely a project or information system; rather, it is treated as structured data that supports statistical analysis. The confusion may arise from the name 'PISA', which conveys the essence of a program. However, here it is tied to specific data collected, devoid of any ambiguity regarding being a system or project rather than a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'PISA 2018 data' is clearly represented as a dataset in this context, as it is being used for analyzing educational indicators. Its association with a well-known, structured assessment program further supports the conclusion that it refers to actual data rather than a system or project." + }, + { + "filename": "018_BOSIB-624554c1-598f-4576-aa60-cca7d93b64e7", + "page": 72, + "text": "EU 15, 000, 000 General budget support for the MoER priority areas of the Education Development Strategy \u201c Education 2030 \u201d ( EDS ) and as detailed in government budget spending in the EDS plan and the medium-term budget framework. Note: UNDP = United Nations Development Programme. Program of UNICEF / GPE: Digital Innovation of Moldova Education System ( July 30, 2022 to July 30, 2025 ): \u2022 Program 1: Equip general education institutions with appropriate ICTs: ( a ) establish and codify as policy or strategy the national education digital standards that will take account of the needs of all children and include specific software and support requirements for children with specific needs; ( b ) prepare a national ( deficit ) mapping of educational institutions in relation to the national standards, a portal to maintain this, and establish priority response criteria; and ( c ) provide education institutions with appropriate equipment. \u2022 Program 2: Strengthen the digital learning environment by developing pedagogical content of the syllabuses for digital teaching and the capacity of the teachers to use these: ( a ) review curriculum and develop gender - sensitive digital learning materials and teaching / learning strategies; ( b ) provide in-service training in digital pedagogy to 10, 000 teachers using curriculum materials and strategies; ( c ) equip the Republican Centre for Psycho-Pedagogical Assistance, psycho-pedagogical assistance service, and resource centers in educational institutions with assistive technologies; and ( d ) strengthen the resilience of the education system to crises. \u2022 Program 3: Improve efficiency of educational management using digital tools: ( a ) establish and implement EMIS required to provide timely information for evidence-based decision-making at the class, educational institution, and local education authority levels and ( b ) stablish a tracking system to follow and respond to the needs of each student especially those at risk and vulnerable.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1723, + 1727, + "named" + ], + [ + 238, + 242, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 330, + 337, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 366, + 370, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 665, + 693, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u2022 Program 2: Strengthen the digital learning environment by developing pedagogical content of the syllabuses for digital teaching and the capacity of the teachers to use these: ( a ) review curriculum and develop gender - sensitive digital learning materials and teaching / learning strategies; ( b ) provide in-service training in digital pedagogy to 10, 000 teachers using curriculum materials and strategies; ( c ) equip the Republican Centre for Psycho-Pedagogical Assistance, psycho-pedagogical assistance service, and resource centers in educational institutions with assistive technologies; and ( d ) strengthen the resilience of the education system to crises. \u2022 Program 3: Improve efficiency of educational management using digital tools: ( a ) establish and implement EMIS required to provide timely information for evidence-based decision-making at the class, educational institution, and local education authority levels and ( b ) stablish a tracking system to follow and respond to the needs of each student especially those at risk and vulnerable.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system designed to collect, manage, and analyze educational data for decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "establish and implement EMIS", + "mentioned as a system for decision-making", + "described alongside digital tools", + "focuses on digital management rather than direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS (Education Management Information System) is introduced as a system aimed at enhancing educational management through the use of digital tools. The phrasing 'establish and implement EMIS required to provide timely information' suggests that it functions as an infrastructure designed to organize and analyze data rather than being a dataset itself. The confusion might arise because EMIS is a structured system that can hold data, which may lead models to interpret it as a dataset. However, since it is emphasized as a management tool that produces information for decision-making, it leans more towards serving as an operational framework than representing a singular concrete dataset. Models might have categorized it mistakenly due to the emphasis on the data and information it provides, as well as its formal naming, which resembles the structure of a dataset's title.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is more accurately viewed as an Information System designed for managing educational data rather than a dataset itself, as it is described primarily as a tool for evidence-based decision-making." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 12, + "text": "The government has also maintained a policy of granting refugees access to its territory, land for cultivation and livelihoods, and practical arrangements for their initial reception and registration. Refugees are granted freedom of movement and in principle free to settle anywhere in the country. The Commission for Refugee Affairs ( CRA ) plays the leading role in developing government policy on refugee issues, including protection and coordinating government and external support for refugees. The CRA is present in all refugee-hosting areas, even as capacity limitations impede its ability to fully fulfill its designated responsibilities. 8 UNHCR. 2022. Operations Data Portal \u2013 Refugee Situations: South Sudan. https: / / data. unhcr. org / en / country / ssd. 9 UNHCR defines a host community as \u201c the local, regional, and national governmental, social and economic structures within which refugees live. In the context of refugee camps, the host community may encompass the camp, or may simply neighbor the camp but have interaction with, or otherwise be impacted by, the refugees residing in the camp \u201d. https: / / www. unhcr. org / en-us / protection / resettlement / 4cd7d1509 / unhcr-ngo-toolkit-practical-cooperation-resettlement-community - outreach. html.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 662, + 684, + "named" + ], + [ + 56, + 64, + "Operations Data Portal <> reference population" + ], + [ + 649, + 654, + "Operations Data Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 656, + 660, + "Operations Data Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 707, + 718, + "Operations Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 772, + 777, + "Operations Data Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 788, + 802, + "Operations Data Portal <> data description" + ], + [ + 1083, + 1091, + "Operations Data Portal <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2022. Operations Data Portal \u2013 Refugee Situations: South Sudan. https: / / data.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Operations Data Portal is a structured collection of data related to refugee situations, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "not described as a data source", + "stands alone without indications of data retrieval or usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'Operations Data Portal', it is crucial to interpret what the term conveys within the given context. It appears as a title and does not explicitly indicate that it serves as a direct data source for analysis. The use of 'Portal' suggests a tool or system designed to access data rather than a concrete dataset itself. Without additional context such as usage or data retrieval described, it leans more towards a project or platform name rather than a specific dataset. The model might have been confused because the term has 'data' in it and follows a format that resembles naming conventions for datasets. However, the lack of explicit references to specific data records or datasets weakens the interpretation as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Operations Data Portal' is not treated as a dataset here, as it appears more as a project or system rather than a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 14, + "text": "This lack of investment in education over the last decade has affected the country \u2019 s stock of human capital, and youth now entering the labor market have few employable skills. It has also degraded the quality of education institutions in the country, placing the human capital of future generations in jeopardy. 11. Rebuilding the country \u2019 s education system requires addressing the significant shortfalls in skilled teachers. According to the 2021 Education Census Report, 26 percent of schools across the country are non-operational due to lack of teachers. At the same time, the high pupil-qualified teacher ratio of 86: 1 in primary schools significantly compromises the ability to provide quality education. There is also a large gap between male and female teachers. Of the 60, 711 teachers in the country, only about 18 percent are female. 13 The difficulty in finding qualified teachers has led the education system to recruit volunteer teachers. For instance, 46 percent of primary education teachers are volunteers without training. The lack of qualified teachers has impacted student learning, with more than 94 percent of school children unable to read and understand a simple text by the age of 10. 14 To offer quality education 11 World Bank. ( 2018 ). The Human Capital Project. Washington, DC: World Bank. 12 UNICEF. 2017. \" South Sudan: The impact of the crisis on children-Briefing Note. \" 13 Data based on Government of South Sudan National Education Census Report 2021. 14 World Bank. 2022. Strategies for Addressing Stunting and Learning Poverty in South Sudan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 448, + 476, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Rebuilding the country \u2019 s education system requires addressing the significant shortfalls in skilled teachers. According to the 2021 Education Census Report, 26 percent of schools across the country are non-operational due to lack of teachers. At the same time, the high pupil-qualified teacher ratio of 86: 1 in primary schools significantly compromises the ability to provide quality education.", + "type": "census report", + "explanation": "The 2021 Education Census Report is a structured collection of data regarding the education system in South Sudan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described as a report containing data", + "presents statistical information", + "explicitly referenced in the context of measurement and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the '2021 Education Census Report' is referenced as the source that informs specific statistics regarding the state of education in South Sudan. The phrasing 'According to the 2021 Education Census Report' explicitly indicates that this document is being utilized as a source of data for analysis. It presents measured statistics such as the percentage of non-operational schools and the pupil-qualified teacher ratio in primary schools. While the term 'report' may suggest that it is a document or output of a project or information system, the context strongly indicates that it contains structured data used for empirical analysis. The clear statistical information derived from it solidifies its classification as a dataset rather than just a project name or a description of a management information system. Factors that could lead to confusion include the potential perception of it being merely a title of a project rather than an actual data source. However, since it is highlighted through its explicit usage as a data source, it firmly aligns as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the '2021 Education Census Report' is considered a dataset because it is referenced explicitly as the source of valuable statistical information, framing it as a structured collection of data used in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 15 of 66 23. Functional mechanisms to support evidence-based decision-making and management of the sector are needed. MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators. Quality, reliable data is fundamental to inform education decisions and policies and enhance transparency. Accordingly, strengthening the EMIS and the annual school survey process to provide quality education information, in a timely manner, at every administrative level is essential to support the functions of the education ministries. 24. The education governing ministries lack the policy tools and implementation capacity needed for education sector management. The General Education system is characterized by inequitable allocation of teachers across the states, unclear deployment drivers, and outdated salary structure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 224, + 263, + "named" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 266, + 270, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 526, + 531, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 545, + 564, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1015, + 1043, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Functional mechanisms to support evidence-based decision-making and management of the sector are needed. MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a description of support mechanisms for educational management", + "described as a system that has implementation issues", + "not referred to as a distinct source of data for analysis", + "enumeration of other systems suggests it is part of a broader infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'Education Management Information System' is describing a specific system that manages educational data rather than serving as a standalone dataset for analysis. The sentence discusses the challenges surrounding its implementation and the gaps in existing data, indicating it is not currently functioning at full capacity as a data source. It is referenced alongside other management information systems, which reinforces the notion that it is part of a larger framework of data management rather than a distinct dataset. The confusion may stem from the capitalized term 'EMIS,' as it resembles the naming convention often used for datasets; however, the surrounding text provides clarity by emphasizing its operational and organizational context. Thus, it is not treated as a dataset here because the focus is on its utility and implementation rather than its role as a deliverable set of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' is better understood as a system used for managing education-related data, rather than an actual dataset for analysis. Its mention focuses on operational issues and implementation, rather than serving as a specific data source." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 15 of 66 23. Functional mechanisms to support evidence-based decision-making and management of the sector are needed. MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators. Quality, reliable data is fundamental to inform education decisions and policies and enhance transparency. Accordingly, strengthening the EMIS and the annual school survey process to provide quality education information, in a timely manner, at every administrative level is essential to support the functions of the education ministries. 24. The education governing ministries lack the policy tools and implementation capacity needed for education sector management. The General Education system is characterized by inequitable allocation of teachers across the states, unclear deployment drivers, and outdated salary structure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 566, + 617, + "named" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 211, + 216, + "South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 545, + 564, + "South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System is a structured collection of data used for tracking school attendance, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project/system, not as a direct data source", + "enumerated alongside other systems like Human Resources Management Information System", + "described within the context of data gaps and needs for harmonization" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System' is presented as part of a broader discussion about the Education Management Information System (EMIS) and its implementation challenges. It is listed among other management information systems (e.g., Human Resources Management Information System, Financial Management Information System), which indicates that it is part of a structural framework for handling educational data rather than a standalone dataset. The description emphasizes issues with gaps in existing data and calls for harmonization among systems. A model might have considered it a dataset due to its formal title and the implication that it involves attendance data, but the explicit language does not suggest it is being used as a data source in this instance. The term operates more as an implied system that captures attendance data rather than being recognized as a separate analytical entity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it refers to a management information system that, while it may store data on school attendance, is not presented as a direct data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 15 of 66 23. Functional mechanisms to support evidence-based decision-making and management of the sector are needed. MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators. Quality, reliable data is fundamental to inform education decisions and policies and enhance transparency. Accordingly, strengthening the EMIS and the annual school survey process to provide quality education information, in a timely manner, at every administrative level is essential to support the functions of the education ministries. 24. The education governing ministries lack the policy tools and implementation capacity needed for education sector management. The General Education system is characterized by inequitable allocation of teachers across the states, unclear deployment drivers, and outdated salary structure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 619, + 664, + "named" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "Human Resources Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1526, + 1544, + "Human Resources Management Information System <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Human Resources Management Information System is a structured collection of data used for managing human resources within the education sector, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned within a list of other information systems", + "described explicitly as a management information system", + "not referred to as a primary source of structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Human Resources Management Information System' appears as part of a list of various systems used by the Ministry of General Education and Instruction (MoGEI) in South Sudan. The term 'system' itself indicates that this is likely referring to an infrastructure or a tool used to manage human resources rather than a distinct dataset that is the focus of analysis. The previous judgment labeled it as a dataset because it was interpreted as a structured collection of data; however, in this context, it lacks explicit reference as a data source for an analysis or evaluation. The phrase 'requires dissemination to all states' further emphasizes its role as a management tool, rather than as a dataset containing analyzable records. Therefore, the model might have confused the presence of 'data' and 'system' in the term, equating it to a dataset without proper contextual support.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Human Resources Management Information System' is best seen as an information system that supports human resources management rather than a standalone dataset, as it is framed within a list of systems and not referenced as a specific data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 15 of 66 23. Functional mechanisms to support evidence-based decision-making and management of the sector are needed. MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators. Quality, reliable data is fundamental to inform education decisions and policies and enhance transparency. Accordingly, strengthening the EMIS and the annual school survey process to provide quality education information, in a timely manner, at every administrative level is essential to support the functions of the education ministries. 24. The education governing ministries lack the policy tools and implementation capacity needed for education sector management. The General Education system is characterized by inequitable allocation of teachers across the states, unclear deployment drivers, and outdated salary structure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 670, + 709, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoGEI has an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ), but its implementation has not been tackled comprehensively to date and the existing data essential for sector evaluation and development has significant gaps. The EMIS requires dissemination to all states and harmonization with other databases in the MoGEI, such as the examination results, South Sudan School Attendance and Monitoring System, Human Resources Management Information System, and Financial Management Information System. The existing data collection instruments also need revision to incorporate the required information for monitoring the implementation of key indicators.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Financial Management Information System refers to a system used for managing financial data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a list of management information systems", + "described explicitly as a system used for managing financial data", + "context focuses on the need for harmonization of various systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Financial Management Information System' is listed among other management information systems such as the EMIS, indication that it is part of infrastructure rather than a distinct dataset. The phraseology surrounding it suggests its role is to manage financial data rather than to provide a structured set of records for analysis. The confusion may stem from the fact that it is capitalized and appears to be a proper noun, possibly leading the extraction model to interpret it as a dataset. However, descriptions such as 'system used for managing financial data' firmly place it in the category of an infrastructure tool, not as a dataset in and of itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Financial Management Information System' is categorized as a management information system rather than a dataset because the context emphasizes its role in managing data rather than providing structured data records. It appears among other similar systems, reinforcing its function as part of an overall information management infrastructure." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 19, + "text": "The existing frameworks mainly operate at the national level and usually are not disseminated at the sub-national levels nor enforced at the national and sub - national levels. Improving and enforcing the policy framework to address the existing education challenges and guiding the sector activities is fundamental in enhancing individual and organizational performance, as well as maintaining it over time to achieve the required results. Strengthening the physical capacity, such as suitable physical infrastructure and equipment, is equally important to implement the introduced change and encourage individuals. Currently, the existing physical and Information Technology ( IT ) infrastructure and office equipment in the education ministries, mainly at the sub-national levels, are insufficient. The technology of some systems, such as the EMIS, requires updating to facilitate dissemination to states. Improving the physical infrastructure and upgrading equipment are necessary to address the capacity gap fully. C. Relevance to Higher Level Objectives 25. The World Bank is re-engaging with South Sudan in the education sector after a gap of several years. As South Sudan rebuilds its education sector to offer quality education to children across the country, the proposed Project will support its efforts by helping put in place the essential building blocks for a strong system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 846, + 850, + "named" + ], + [ + 1068, + 1078, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1099, + 1110, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Currently, the existing physical and Information Technology ( IT ) infrastructure and office equipment in the education ministries, mainly at the sub-national levels, are insufficient. The technology of some systems, such as the EMIS, requires updating to facilitate dissemination to states. Improving the physical infrastructure and upgrading equipment are necessary to address the capacity gap fully.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system requiring updates", + "described as part of infrastructure", + "not explicitly used as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is mentioned as a system that requires updating rather than as a specific dataset or data source. There are no indications that it is being treated as a structured collection of data for analysis. The focus here is on improving the technology of the system rather than analyzing data from it. This context suggests that EMIS is more of an educational management information system, emphasizing its infrastructural role rather than as a standalone dataset. The model may have thought it was a dataset because EMIS is capitalized and has the structure of a proper name, making it appear as a specific entity. However, it lacks the explicit contextual signals like 'uses data from' or 'contains records' that would classify it as a dataset in this instance. Thus, I conclude that it is best understood not as a dataset but as a system that manages educational data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is better interpreted as an information system rather than a dataset since it is described as needing updates and relates to infrastructure rather than being directly cited as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 27, + "text": "This system would store and update the teacher profile, including qualifications, experience, language proficiency, preferred service areas, recruitment process documentation, and performance assessment. This tool would be essential for organizing and tracking teacher activities, such as deployment and training, and enhancing accountability in the process. 64. The capacity development plan activities will be tailored to the needs of each entity. For example, they could include ( i ) training and knowledge sharing in areas such as fiduciary management, strategic planning, communication, teacher management, teacher professional development, school inspection, vulnerability management, and diversity and inclusion; ( ii ) reviewing roles and responsibilities and optimizing work processes to enhance the management of education service delivery, mainly the functions related to teachers \u2019 management and professional development; ( iii ) developing a performance and reporting system, M & E system, and strengthening and decentralizing the existing data management systems ( explained under subcomponent 4. 2 ); ( iv ) preparing policy frameworks ( i. e., the teachers ' recruitment and retention strategy ); and ( v ) provision of equipment and rehabilitation of the physical and IT infrastructure that could be needed to facilitate and sustain the implementation of the introduced capacity change. The detailed activities will be clearly listed upon concluding the capacity development plans. Subcomponent 4. 1 will finance the implementation of the priority activities identified in the capacity development plans at the national and sub-national levels.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 991, + 1003, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The capacity development plan activities will be tailored to the needs of each entity. For example, they could include ( i ) training and knowledge sharing in areas such as fiduciary management, strategic planning, communication, teacher management, teacher professional development, school inspection, vulnerability management, and diversity and inclusion; ( ii ) reviewing roles and responsibilities and optimizing work processes to enhance the management of education service delivery, mainly the functions related to teachers \u2019 management and professional development; ( iii ) developing a performance and reporting system, M & E system, and strengthening and decentralizing the existing data management systems ( explained under subcomponent 4. 2 ); ( iv ) preparing policy frameworks ( i.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The 'M & E system' refers to a monitoring and evaluation system, which is a framework or tool rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system, not as a data source", + "described as a monitoring and evaluation system, indicating it's a framework/tool" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'M & E system' is explicitly referred to as a monitoring and evaluation system, which makes it clear that it is functioning as a framework or tool rather than a concrete dataset. This system is described in relation to improving processes and managing education service delivery, which further indicates its role as an operational framework rather than a source of structured records. The phrases before and after the term, particularly 'developing a performance and reporting system' and 'strengthening existing data management systems', suggest that the M & E system is part of a broader infrastructure for data management rather than the dataset itself. The model might have identified this term as a dataset due to its capitalized form and the context in which it appears\u2014next to data-related functions\u2014but it lacks the explicit connection to a collection of records or statistics that characterizes what we consider a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'M & E system' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a framework or tool for monitoring and evaluation rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 24 of 66 65. Given its focus on building local capacity in the medium and long term, this Subcomponent is aligned with GCRF Pillar 4: Strengthening Policies, Institutions and Investments for Rebuilding Better. 66. Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening data for education system management ( US $ 2 million ). Strengthening the education system \u2019 s management also entails supporting the education governing ministries in establishing a data system to deliver reliable data in line with international standards. This activity will build on the existing EMIS. TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Potential areas to be addressed may include ( i ) improved templates and standards; ( ii ) improved data collection processes, such as phone-based data collection to enable the various education stakeholders, including the community and parents, to collect and submit real-time data into the EMIS; and ( iii ) an improved web-based EMIS system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data. Real-time data would include schools \u2019 condition, teacher registration, teacher and student attendance, and the availability of teaching and learning materials. This could be effectively utilized once synced across the web-based platform.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 640, + 644, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1076, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1239, + 1259, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1261, + 1291, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1301, + 1348, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Strengthening the education system \u2019 s management also entails supporting the education governing ministries in establishing a data system to deliver reliable data in line with international standards. This activity will build on the existing EMIS. TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system for managing educational data, which is used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an existing system", + "focus on diagnosing data collection processes", + "not referred to as a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'EMIS' is referenced as an existing system for managing education data. The context emphasizes activities related to this system, including diagnoses of its processes and infrastructure. This aligns more with a management information system (MIS), focusing on the functionality to assist in data management rather than serving as a concrete dataset. The confusion may arise because 'EMIS' is capitalized, giving it an appearance of a proper name like a dataset, and it follows phrases related to data management. However, since it is not described as containing specific datasets or referred to as a source of structured records in this instance, I conclude that it should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to a management information system rather than a specific dataset, as it focuses on system diagnosis rather than data provision." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 24 of 66 65. Given its focus on building local capacity in the medium and long term, this Subcomponent is aligned with GCRF Pillar 4: Strengthening Policies, Institutions and Investments for Rebuilding Better. 66. Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening data for education system management ( US $ 2 million ). Strengthening the education system \u2019 s management also entails supporting the education governing ministries in establishing a data system to deliver reliable data in line with international standards. This activity will build on the existing EMIS. TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Potential areas to be addressed may include ( i ) improved templates and standards; ( ii ) improved data collection processes, such as phone-based data collection to enable the various education stakeholders, including the community and parents, to collect and submit real-time data into the EMIS; and ( iii ) an improved web-based EMIS system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data. Real-time data would include schools \u2019 condition, teacher registration, teacher and student attendance, and the availability of teaching and learning materials. This could be effectively utilized once synced across the web-based platform.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1086, + 1090, + "named" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1076, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1239, + 1259, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1261, + 1291, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1301, + 1348, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Potential areas to be addressed may include ( i ) improved templates and standards; ( ii ) improved data collection processes, such as phone-based data collection to enable the various education stakeholders, including the community and parents, to collect and submit real-time data into the EMIS; and ( iii ) an improved web-based EMIS system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data. Real-time data would include schools \u2019 condition, teacher registration, teacher and student attendance, and the availability of teaching and learning materials.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system for managing educational data, which is used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a web-based EMIS system", + "mentioned in the context of improving data collection processes", + "system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for an Education Management Information System, which is explicitly described as a system rather than a dataset. It is mentioned in the context of enhancing data collection processes for educational stakeholders, indicating that it serves more as an infrastructure or tool to manage and process data rather than being a concrete data source itself. Although the term follows phrases indicating improvements to data processes, there\u2019s no indication that 'EMIS' is used as a primary source of structured records or that specific data is being analyzed directly from it. This can lead to confusion for models, especially if they focus solely on the keywords like 'data,' 'real-time,' and 'records' without recognizing the overall context that treats EMIS as a management system rather than a dataset. The text's phrasing clearly distinguishes EMIS as a system designed to facilitate data collection, rather than an entity from which a dataset is drawn.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' in this context refers to a system designed for managing educational data and improving data collection processes, rather than serving as a standalone dataset. It is discussed as a system, emphasizing its role in data management, which is why it should not be classified as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 24 of 66 65. Given its focus on building local capacity in the medium and long term, this Subcomponent is aligned with GCRF Pillar 4: Strengthening Policies, Institutions and Investments for Rebuilding Better. 66. Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening data for education system management ( US $ 2 million ). Strengthening the education system \u2019 s management also entails supporting the education governing ministries in establishing a data system to deliver reliable data in line with international standards. This activity will build on the existing EMIS. TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Potential areas to be addressed may include ( i ) improved templates and standards; ( ii ) improved data collection processes, such as phone-based data collection to enable the various education stakeholders, including the community and parents, to collect and submit real-time data into the EMIS; and ( iii ) an improved web-based EMIS system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data. Real-time data would include schools \u2019 condition, teacher registration, teacher and student attendance, and the availability of teaching and learning materials. This could be effectively utilized once synced across the web-based platform.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1126, + 1130, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1076, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1239, + 1259, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1261, + 1291, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1301, + 1348, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "TA will be provided to diagnose the existing system regarding data collection processes, standards and templates, personnel, and IT infrastructure. Potential areas to be addressed may include ( i ) improved templates and standards; ( ii ) improved data collection processes, such as phone-based data collection to enable the various education stakeholders, including the community and parents, to collect and submit real-time data into the EMIS; and ( iii ) an improved web-based EMIS system that has the capacity to integrate real-time data. Real-time data would include schools \u2019 condition, teacher registration, teacher and student attendance, and the availability of teaching and learning materials.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system for managing educational data, which is used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "described as an improved web-based EMIS system", + "follows a discussion of data collection processes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referred to as a system aimed at enhancing data collection processes and integrating real-time data. It is explicitly mentioned as an 'improved web-based EMIS system,' which suggests that it is primarily an infrastructure or tool rather than a standalone dataset. Although it appears in a context where data is discussed, it is not directly framed as a dataset that is used for analysis. This distinction is critical; while the text talks about data collection and real-time data management, it does so in relation to a system designed to perform these functions rather than representing a dataset of records or statistics in itself. The prior judgment may have been influenced by the fact that EMIS is capitalized and appears in a data-related discussion, which can easily lead to confusion between systems, projects, and concrete datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not a dataset but a system designed for managing educational data collection processes, hence it should not be treated as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 28, + "text": "Once the new EMIS system is ready, it will be piloted and finalized based on the pilot deployment. A training and communication strategy will be prepared targeting all stakeholders, including communities and parents. Workshops and hands-on training will be provided to the national and local staff on the new EMIS system. This component would also support the development and implementation of a plan to improve the information management system of MoHEST. 67. Improving the sector \u2019 s ability to collect data would enhance its ability to plan and implement future interventions, thus responding to GCRF Pillar 4: Strengthening Policies, Institutions and Investments for Rebuilding Better. 68. Subcomponent 4. 3: Project management ( US $ 3. 43 million ). This subcomponent will support the establishment of PIUs at the MoGEI and MoHEST to coordinate and manage day-to-day project implementation. The Project will finance key project staff at the national PIU level, and refurbishment, office equipment, and furniture to adequately resource project staff to manage implementation. Project staff may also be hired at the state level to support implementation and monitoring. 69. Further, MoHEST and MoGEI staff will receive training on climate change adaptation and mitigation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 13, + 24, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Once the new EMIS system is ready, it will be piloted and finalized based on the pilot deployment. A training and communication strategy will be prepared targeting all stakeholders, including communities and parents.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The EMIS system refers to an information management system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an 'EMIS system', indicating it is an information management system", + "discussed in the context of pilot deployment and training strategy, not as a data source", + "not described as containing structured records relevant for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'EMIS system' is clearly identified as a management information system rather than a collection of data itself. While the initial extraction might have prompted a 'dataset' label due to its capitalized format and potential association with an organized data structure, the text indicates it will be piloted, trained, and communicated to stakeholders rather than analyzed directly as a source of data. This distinction is crucial; the model might have been confused by the formal naming of the system, making it appear as a potential dataset without clear evidence of it being treated as such in the operational context described. Therefore, I conclude that it should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'EMIS system' is presented as an information management system used for facilitating operations rather than as a dataset for research or analysis, hence it is not classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 35, + "text": "This can also provide a platform for remote supervision and real-time risk monitoring of project activities. 89. Data verification will be built into the M & E arrangements. Data will be verified on a sample basis by a third - party monitoring ( TPM ) agent. The TPM will be recruited to monitor progress of project activities and verify project data on a sample basis throughout implementation. The TPM will report directly to the PSC. The information collected by the TPM will help triangulate the data submitted by the various implementing arms including NTTIs and universities. Spending reported by participants will be verified through an independent audit of MoGEI and MoHEST accounts. Indicators that are reported will be cross-referenced with EMIS data. Effective verification will depend on the quality of EMIS data available, which will be strengthened with support from the Project. 90. The Project will invest in an integrated system for the management and analysis of data collected through various channels for effective monitoring. The integrated monitoring system will be designed to capture the data needed to report across all the indicators outlined in the Results Framework. This system will incorporate capacities for data importing, either manually or directly via online survey and / or SMS survey platforms and EMIS data. Data collected on mobile devices by project monitoring officers or from the communities will also be uploaded to the system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 751, + 760, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Spending reported by participants will be verified through an independent audit of MoGEI and MoHEST accounts. Indicators that are reported will be cross-referenced with EMIS data. Effective verification will depend on the quality of EMIS data available, which will be strengthened with support from the Project.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS data refers to a structured collection of educational management information that is used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018cross-referenced with\u2019", + "described in context of verification", + "indicates quality of data is vital for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS data' is directly referenced in relation to verification and analysis. The term relates to educational management information, which typically consists of structured datasets that track and report indicators relevant for educational monitoring. The mention of verifying indicators against this data and emphasizing the need for quality suggests that it serves a dataset function rather than merely describing a system. However, the model might have been confused if it viewed 'EMIS' as an acronym potentially representing an information system without examining its operational context. Still, the direct links to 'verification' and 'indicators' lean towards categorizing it as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS data' acts as a dataset in this context as it is used for verification and analysis of educational indicators, aligning with the characteristics of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 35, + "text": "This can also provide a platform for remote supervision and real-time risk monitoring of project activities. 89. Data verification will be built into the M & E arrangements. Data will be verified on a sample basis by a third - party monitoring ( TPM ) agent. The TPM will be recruited to monitor progress of project activities and verify project data on a sample basis throughout implementation. The TPM will report directly to the PSC. The information collected by the TPM will help triangulate the data submitted by the various implementing arms including NTTIs and universities. Spending reported by participants will be verified through an independent audit of MoGEI and MoHEST accounts. Indicators that are reported will be cross-referenced with EMIS data. Effective verification will depend on the quality of EMIS data available, which will be strengthened with support from the Project. 90. The Project will invest in an integrated system for the management and analysis of data collected through various channels for effective monitoring. The integrated monitoring system will be designed to capture the data needed to report across all the indicators outlined in the Results Framework. This system will incorporate capacities for data importing, either manually or directly via online survey and / or SMS survey platforms and EMIS data. Data collected on mobile devices by project monitoring officers or from the communities will also be uploaded to the system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 815, + 824, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators that are reported will be cross-referenced with EMIS data. Effective verification will depend on the quality of EMIS data available, which will be strengthened with support from the Project. 90.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS data refers to a structured collection of educational management information that is used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'cross-referenced with'", + "described as structured collection of educational management information", + "uses EMIS data for monitoring and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS data' appears to reference a specific category of data related to educational management information systems, which suggests it has structured records that are relevant for verification and analysis purposes. The phrases 'cross-referenced with EMIS data' and 'quality of EMIS data available' indicate that EMIS data is actively used for analysis and monitoring, reinforcing its role as a dataset rather than just referring to the system that houses it. However, the inclusion of 'EMIS,' which could stand distinct as a project or system name, might confuse models trained to separate data sources from systems. Nevertheless, in this case, the usage clearly contextualizes 'EMIS data' as a referent to data that is usable in research contexts, making it a valid dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS data' is treated as a dataset because it refers to structured data used for educational management analysis and verification, given its context within the text." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 35, + "text": "This can also provide a platform for remote supervision and real-time risk monitoring of project activities. 89. Data verification will be built into the M & E arrangements. Data will be verified on a sample basis by a third - party monitoring ( TPM ) agent. The TPM will be recruited to monitor progress of project activities and verify project data on a sample basis throughout implementation. The TPM will report directly to the PSC. The information collected by the TPM will help triangulate the data submitted by the various implementing arms including NTTIs and universities. Spending reported by participants will be verified through an independent audit of MoGEI and MoHEST accounts. Indicators that are reported will be cross-referenced with EMIS data. Effective verification will depend on the quality of EMIS data available, which will be strengthened with support from the Project. 90. The Project will invest in an integrated system for the management and analysis of data collected through various channels for effective monitoring. The integrated monitoring system will be designed to capture the data needed to report across all the indicators outlined in the Results Framework. This system will incorporate capacities for data importing, either manually or directly via online survey and / or SMS survey platforms and EMIS data. Data collected on mobile devices by project monitoring officers or from the communities will also be uploaded to the system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1335, + 1344, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The integrated monitoring system will be designed to capture the data needed to report across all the indicators outlined in the Results Framework. This system will incorporate capacities for data importing, either manually or directly via online survey and / or SMS survey platforms and EMIS data. Data collected on mobile devices by project monitoring officers or from the communities will also be uploaded to the system.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS data refers to a structured collection of educational management information that is used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as part of an integrated monitoring system", + "in the context of capturing data needed for reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS data' is mentioned as part of a larger integrated monitoring system that captures various datasets for reporting purposes. The phrase 'EMIS data' is used in connection with data importing methods, which suggests that it operates as a specific dataset contributing to the overall data ecosystem of the monitoring system. While 'EMIS' could represent an educational management information system, the usage of 'data' immediately following it implies a reference to structured data derived from such a system rather than the system itself being the dataset. The confusion potentially arises because 'EMIS' could also be misinterpreted as a tool or platform. However, the way it is embedded in a discussion about data collection and reporting makes it a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS data' acts as a dataset because it is directly tied to the data collection and reporting processes within the integrated monitoring system, despite possible confusion with whether it references the system itself." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 49 of 66 agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. annually Of which, female This indicator will track the share of students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Cumulative Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Of which, refugee / host community population This indicator will track the share of refugee students students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students. Annually starting from the second year of implementati on Monitoring reports MoGEI and MoHEST will prepare reports on implementation progress of EMIS strengthening plan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 811, + 850, + "named" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 916, + 920, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 978, + 982, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1077, + 1085, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1228, + 1236, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Targets are cumulative. Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data that tracks various educational metrics, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "does not clearly indicate it is a primary structured data source", + "described in a project context rather than direct data collection context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is presented more as a system designed to strengthen data collection processes for educational metrics rather than as a distinct dataset. The surrounding text indicates that the EMIS functions to collect and report data but does not provide clear evidence that it serves as a standalone dataset for analysis. Instead, it is mentioned in the context of project activities aimed at improving data processes. A model may confuse this due to its capitalization and association with data collection, but the way it is described leans more towards a system that organizes or manages data rather than a concrete dataset itself. The distinction here is important; while EMIS may contain data, it operates as part of an infrastructure for educational reporting rather than functioning as an independent dataset with clear boundaries in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it primarily describes a system for managing and facilitating data rather than presenting itself as a specific data source used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 49 of 66 agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. annually Of which, female This indicator will track the share of students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Cumulative Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Of which, refugee / host community population This indicator will track the share of refugee students students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students. Annually starting from the second year of implementati on Monitoring reports MoGEI and MoHEST will prepare reports on implementation progress of EMIS strengthening plan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 916, + 920, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 64, + 75, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1077, + 1085, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1228, + 1236, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Targets are cumulative. Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education, including information on schools, teachers, and students, which is used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers specifically to the 'Education Management Information System,' which is being strengthened and is associated with the collection and reporting of data pertaining to schools, teachers, and students. While the system certainly involves structured data and serves the purpose of data collection and analysis, it is more accurately classified as an information system or infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. The mention indicates that EMIS is being used to track and report on various educational metrics, which implies that EMIS is the mechanism or tool that handles the data rather than the data itself. The confusion may come from its capitalization and formal designation, which suggests it is a structured entity (like a dataset might be), especially since it is discussed in the context of data collection. The previous judgment regarded 'EMIS' as a dataset likely because of its role in the educational data landscape we often encounter; however, the nuances in this case lead to the conclusion that it functions more as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' is more accurately described as a management information system rather than a specific dataset, as it refers to the overall framework for gathering and managing educational data rather than existing as a standalone collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Building Skills for Human Capital Development in South Sudan ( P178654 ) Page 49 of 66 agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. annually Of which, female This indicator will track the share of students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Cumulative Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Of which, refugee / host community population This indicator will track the share of refugee students students who are certified after completing the digital training for the agricultural program. Targets are cumulative. Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students. Annually starting from the second year of implementati on Monitoring reports MoGEI and MoHEST will prepare reports on implementation progress of EMIS strengthening plan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 978, + 982, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Education Management Information System strengthened This indicator will track the implementation of the EMIS strengthening plan. The target will be achieved once the EMIS collects and reports data on at least 90 % of schools in South Sudan including information on teachers ( profile, qualifications, deployment and training ), schools ( location, enrollment, physical facilities ( including WASH, classrooms etc ), teachers and school management committees and students. Annually starting from the second year of implementati on Monitoring reports MoGEI and MoHEST will prepare reports on implementation progress of EMIS strengthening plan.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or framework for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as part of the EMIS strengthening plan", + "focuses on data collection activities rather than presenting data itself", + "indicates the infrastructure for managing educational data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly identified as an Education Management Information System, which suggests that it serves as the framework or infrastructure for managing educational data rather than being an actual dataset. The mention of the EMIS strengthening plan further emphasizes its role as a system designed to facilitate data collection and reporting, but not as a specific collection of structured data. The text introduces activities surrounding data collection from universities and schools, indicating that while it is related to data, the term is positioned as part of a broader system rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion for models might arise because 'EMIS' is a proper noun that could appear similar to a dataset when listed alongside other data collection activities or specifications, leading to a misinterpretation as a standalone data source. Thus, I conclude it is not a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is treated as an infrastructure (Education Management Information System) for managing and collecting educational data, rather than a concrete dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 56, + "text": "Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Beneficiary Feedback: Percentage of students satisfied with the digital skills for the agriculture program This indicator will track the percentage of students satisfied with the quality of Annual Feedback survey results MoHEST PIU will conduct feedback survey results annually MoHEST PIU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 26, + 36, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Monitoring reports MoHEST PIU will collect data from Universities / polytechni cs; validated by TPM annually MoHEST PIU Beneficiary Feedback: Percentage of students satisfied with the digital skills for the agriculture program This indicator will track the percentage of students satisfied with the quality of Annual Feedback survey results MoHEST PIU will conduct feedback survey results annually MoHEST PIU", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MoHEST PIU refers to an organization (Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology Project Implementation Unit) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as collecting data from universities", + "not referenced as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MoHEST PIU' appears to refer to a project or organizational unit focused on data collection rather than acting as a dataset in itself. The mention of 'data from' suggests that while 'MoHEST PIU' is involved in the data collection process, it does not represent a dataset but rather an administrative entity responsible for oversight. This distinction can be confusing for models since terms mentioning data collection activities often imply the existence of a dataset; however, here, it's key that 'MoHEST PIU' is acting in the role of the organization collecting the data rather than embodying a dataset itself. The confusion could arise from the phrase construction, suggesting activity related to data, leading to the misinterpretation that it is a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MoHEST PIU' is not a dataset but an organization involved in data collection; it does not function as a standalone structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "019_BOSIB16bf0132a0651b03113d0de461f77e", + "page": 63, + "text": "MoFP issued Financial Forms used in recording financial information; however, both MoGEI and MoHEST have not fully implemented use of Financial Forms due to challenges relating to availability of the same at the MoFP. Accounting system is therefore deemed inadequate to support the project. The assessment therefore recommended purchase of a simplified accounting software such as QuickBooks after the Project becomes effective. MoGEI shall be responsible for accounting arrangements by NTTIs that includes ensuring adequate accounting capacity and system. Internal Control ( including Internal Audit ) Arrangements 15. The review noted that MoGEI has an internal audit department in place that has only one staff, internal auditor. The review noted that are no internal audit reports were prepared at MoGEI before or during the tenure of the immediate former internal auditor. Organizational structure for the MoHEST has established an internal audit unit headed by Deputy Director for Internal Audit supported by an internal auditor. The assessment noted that Internal Audit Directorate at the MoFP is yet to deploy an internal auditor. The Internal Audit unit was last functional in 2017, however, the ministry did not provide any documentary evidence of previous internal audit reports prepared by the unit. The assessment recommends deployment of internal auditors in each of the line ministries, responsible for testing internal control, policies and procedures and advise the management on areas of improvement, in addition to preparing quarterly report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 12, + 27, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoFP issued Financial Forms used in recording financial information; however, both MoGEI and MoHEST have not fully implemented use of Financial Forms due to challenges relating to availability of the same at the MoFP. Accounting system is therefore deemed inadequate to support the project.", + "type": "form", + "explanation": "Financial Forms refer to documents used for recording financial information, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as documents used for recording financial information", + "not mentioned as a data source", + "implies incomplete implementation rather than a functioning data set" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Financial Forms' are presented as documents intended for recording financial data and are explicitly tied to issues of implementation within government bodies (MoFP, MoGEI, MoHEST). Despite the term possibly being capitalized, which can suggest a proper noun, it does not indicate a structured collection of data that can be analyzed or used in research. Instead, it's more about the financial documentation process rather than actual datasets. The mention of inadequacies in the accounting system further clarifies that these forms are not utilized effectively, emphasizing the challenges rather than the existence of a data source. The confusion for the model might arise from the phrasing; it could interpret 'Financial Forms' as a specific data repository due to how it appears in the text, but here it is clearly linked to the context of documentation rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Financial Forms' is not a dataset but refers to financial documentation processes instead, lacking the characteristics of a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 12, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 10 of 34 11. Findings from the IDP survey reveal limitations in IDP civic engagement and social cohesion. There is a very low level of IDP participation in social activities in their communities such as youth and women \u2019 s groups, cultural activities, agricultural or entrepreneurship activities. Only eight percent of respondents participate in such activities. Forty two percent of respondents said that they either do not know where to, or would not want to, lodge a complaint or make a request regarding the delivery of services. In terms of social cohesion and community integration, 61 percent of respondents said that they felt well integrated into their village / city and only 40 percent felt that if someone in their family was in an emergency, they could count on support of their community. While the survey did not collect comparative data for non-IDPs, these findings indicate that the unique living conditions of IDPs may limit their participation in community-based activities and lead them to feel less well-supported by their communities. This may be a significant challenge for people who are returning to their places of origin as these places are less likely to have established local governance arrangements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 136, + 146, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "IDP survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "IDP survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "IDP survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 10 of 34 11. Findings from the IDP survey reveal limitations in IDP civic engagement and social cohesion. There is a very low level of IDP participation in social activities in their communities such as youth and women \u2019 s groups, cultural activities, agricultural or entrepreneurship activities.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The IDP survey is a structured collection of data gathered from respondents regarding their civic engagement and social cohesion, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as revealing findings", + "focuses on a specific survey of a target population", + "provides insights into data collected from respondents" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'IDP survey' explicitly refers to a survey conducted to gather information about Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in Azerbaijan. The context indicates that it results in findings which are based on analyzed data collected from respondents regarding civic engagement and social cohesion. The mention of 'findings from the IDP survey' indicates that this is not merely a project name, but a structured data collection reserved for analysis. It can be inferred that this survey entails systematic data gathering with measurable results. There is a possibility for confusion as surveys might at times link to specific projects; however, here it is clear that the IDP survey serves the purpose of data generation and analysis rather than just being an overarching project name or a system that hosts various data sources. The previous judgment identifies it accurately as a dataset based on its functionality and results.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'IDP survey' is treated as a dataset here because it represents a structured collection of data derived from respondents, used to generate specific insights." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 26, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 24 of 34 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING Results Framework COUNTRY: Azerbaijan SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan Project Development Objectives Enhance civic engagement, technical skills and opportunities for income generation for vulnerable IDP households in Azerbaijan. Project Development Objective Indicators Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Name: Percentage of participants self - employed or employed by firms Percentag e 0. 00 80. 00 Once, starting three months after trainees complete their courses. Post-Training Completion Survey conducted at least three months after training completion. M & E Specialist with support from supplementary data collectors, as needed. Description: The total number of individual participants completing their training programs divided by the number of individual participants completing their training programs that have either registered a business or where an employer has verified employment. Name: Increase in income of households with individuals participating Percentag e 0. 00 30. 00 Twice, once at baseline and once after training completion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 757, + 788, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 179, + 189, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 942, + 1100, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1192, + 1255, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Once, starting three months after trainees complete their courses. Post-Training Completion Survey conducted at least three months after training completion. M & E Specialist with support from supplementary data collectors, as needed.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Post-Training Completion Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the outcomes of training programs for participants, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "uses specific terms related to data collection", + "implies a systematic approach to gathering feedback from participants" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the 'Post-Training Completion Survey' appears as a structured method for gathering data specifically intended to evaluate the outcomes of training programs. The phrasing suggests that it is a tool used for data collection and is not merely a project name or a management information system. While there is a risk of confusing it with a system or infrastructure, the language used indicates that it functions distinctly as a dataset, as it collects information (which can be quantified and analyzed) regarding participants\u2019 experiences following their training. The model might have been misled because it could appear project-like due to its structured nature and the administrative setting; however, the clear context of data collection supports the identification as a dataset. My conclusion leans toward it being a dataset in this instance because it is implied that it has systematic data gathering processes and outputs that would contribute to concrete datasets for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Post-Training Completion Survey' operates as a dataset because it refers to a systematic collection of data intended for evaluation purposes in the context of training outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 27, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 25 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection in the project Completion Survey conducted at least three months after training completion. needed. Description: Total participant household income reported at the time of applying for project enrolment divided by total income reported before project completion. Name: Percentage of registered participants completing training and receiving certificates Percentag e 0. 00 85. 00 Twice, once upon registration and once upon training certification. Reports provided by training providers. M & E Specialist, training providers. Description: Total number of participants receiving certificates divided by the total number of registered participants. Name: Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions \u2714 Number 0. 00 520. 00 Once Total number of household members of applicants accepted and registered for training support. M & E Specialist Beneficiaries of job - focused interventions - Female \u2714 Number 0. 00 260. 00 Once Total number of household members in female participants accepted and registered for training support.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 253, + 278, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "project Completion Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "project Completion Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "project Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 359, + 507, + "project Completion Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 515, + 599, + "project Completion Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 25 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection in the project Completion Survey conducted at least three months after training completion. needed.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey conducted to assess project outcomes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of methodology for data collection", + "described as a survey conducted after training completion", + "not explicitly stated as a data source itself, but rather a method for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the term 'project Completion Survey' is indicated to be part of the methodology for data collection rather than a specific dataset. The phrase suggests it is an instrument for gathering responses to evaluate project outcomes after training, but it does not denote a structured collection of data itself. The model may have confused this term as a dataset due to its contextual placement, as it follows a detailed project description and is involved in data collection processes, resembling how datasets might be mentioned. However, it is important to distinguish that it functions more as a process or tool designed to generate data rather than standing as a finished dataset. The lack of explicit data source characterization and the context leaning towards methodology reinforce this interpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'project Completion Survey' refers to a methodology for collecting data and does not constitute a dataset on its own in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 26 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Name: Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - female Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 544, + 559, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Baseline Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Baseline Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 265, + 339, + "Baseline Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 490, + 502, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Baseline Survey is a structured collection of data used to measure the initial conditions of beneficiaries before civic engagement training.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'used for data collection'", + "described as a survey used for measuring initial conditions", + "appears in a context specifically about data collection methodologies" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Baseline Survey' is explicitly mentioned as a tool for data collection to measure initial conditions before the civic training. This indicates that it's not just a project name but rather represents a structured dataset of responses gathered from participants. The phrasing around it ('used for data collection') reinforces that it serves as a concrete collection of data from which analysis can be made. This is distinct from a project name or system that merely handles data. The potential confusion might stem from the term 'Baseline Survey' sounding like it could refer to an overarching project; however, the immediate context clarifies it pertains to a specific data collection exercise. The extraction model likely recognized it as a dataset due to these data-focused cues, such as being mentioned alongside collection methodologies.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Baseline Survey' is appropriately identified as a dataset because it refers to a specific collection of data used for measuring conditions prior to training." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 26 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Name: Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - female Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 564, + 595, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 265, + 339, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Post-Training Completion Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the impact of training on beneficiaries, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'used for data collection'", + "described as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is clearly positioned as part of a data collection process that aims to measure the impact of training on participants. It is presented alongside 'Baseline Survey', which reinforces that it functions as a structured instrument designed to gather specific data. Furthermore, the text specifies that these surveys will be utilized for data collection purposes, which implies that they hold quantitative or qualitative data relevant to the research objectives. The term is not presented as a project or system but rather as a method for capturing data from individuals post-training, establishing it as a legitimate dataset. The model may have initially hesitated because survey instruments sometimes appear as part of broader project methodologies or as systems used to collect data, but the explicit context here supports the classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is classified as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly used for data collection related to the impacts of training, aligning with the characteristics of structured data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 26 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Name: Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - female Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1132, + 1147, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Baseline Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Baseline Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 265, + 339, + "Baseline Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 490, + 502, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Baseline Survey is a structured collection of data used to measure the initial conditions of beneficiaries before civic engagement training.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018will be used for data collection\u2019", + "described as a survey that collects data", + "exists in the context of measuring conditions before training" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Baseline Survey' is positioned as a specific tool designed for data collection, indicated by the phrase that states it 'will be used for data collection.' The text clearly indicates its role in the research framework by positioning it alongside a corresponding survey for post-training measurement. While one could argue that it may relate to a project name (implying a broader initiative), here it is specifically used in the context of data gathering, indicating it functions more as a dataset than as simply the name of a project. The potential confusion for the extraction model could arise from its format; 'Baseline Survey' is capitalized, which might suggest to the model that it's a proper noun, such as a system or title, but the context clarifies it's an entity designed to collect data, aligning with dataset characteristics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Baseline Survey' is considered a dataset in this context as it is clearly defined as a tool for data collection relevant to the study. It explicitly serves the measurement and research purposes described, distinguishing it from a mere project title or system." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 26 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Name: Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - female Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1152, + 1183, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 265, + 339, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Post-Training Completion Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the impact of training on beneficiaries, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "element of data collection mentioned alongside another survey (Baseline Survey)", + "explicitly referred to as a tool for data collection", + "described as a survey assessing the impact of training" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In reviewing the context, the 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is positioned clearly as part of the data collection process, specifically indicated as being used for gathering data related to the training outcomes. The mention follows a description of how the survey relates to participants and their training experiences, establishing a clear purpose as a data-gathering tool. Consequently, it operates distinctly as a dataset because it is structured and explicitly referenced in the context of data collection. The model may have considered it a MIS or project if the text had emphasized a broader initiatory framework surrounding the survey rather than fixing it on its unique functionality as a data source. However, the context supports its classification as a dataset based on its intended use for structured data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Post-Training Completion Survey' functions as a dataset because it is explicitly linked to data collection efforts aimed at assessing training impact, differentiating it from being merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 27 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection three months after civic engagement training. Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - disabled Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Description: Total number of individuals trained in civic engagement topics who report a higher level of community activity compared to the level reported before receiving training and support.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 582, + 597, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Baseline Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Baseline Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Baseline Survey is a structured collection of data used to measure the initial conditions of participants before training, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018used for data collection\u2019", + "described as a survey, indicating collection of structured data", + "refers to specific survey used in study" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Baseline Survey' in this context is clearly associated with the collection of data related to the participants\u2019 initial conditions before the training sessions. The phrase 'will be used for data collection' directly establishes that the Baseline Survey is seen as a concrete source of data. This helps reinforce the definition of it as a dataset since it implies the systematic gathering of data points. Although the term could also imply a project or a system, the explicit mention of its role in data collection supports its classification as a dataset. Potential confusion for a model could arise from the adjective 'Baseline' which might suggest a broader project or strategy, but given the surrounding context focuses on data collection instruments, it firmly supports being categorized as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Baseline Survey' refers specifically to a structured data collection instrument used in the project, aligning it with the definition of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 27 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection three months after civic engagement training. Percentage of beneficiaries taking a more active role in their communities - disabled Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training. M & E Specialist Description: Total number of individuals trained in civic engagement topics who report a higher level of community activity compared to the level reported before receiving training and support.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 602, + 633, + "named" + ], + [ + 45, + 73, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 Twice, once before civic engagement training and again at least three months after civic engagement training completion. For participants in Component 1 and 2 of the project, the Baseline Survey and Post-Training Completion Survey will be used for data collection. For individuals trained only as part of Component 3, a separate pre-training survey will be conducted as well as a follow-up survey conducted at least three months after civic engagement training.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Post-Training Completion Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the impact of training on participants' community engagement.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known surveys", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "mentioned in relation to data collection for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is clearly linked to a specific data collection activity that collects responses from participants after they complete their training. The surrounding context explicitly states that this survey will be used for data collection, which positions it as a structured source of data meant for analysis rather than just a title of a project or system. Although the term includes 'Survey,' which could suggest a broader system or scale, the explicit function for data gathering in the context clarifies its role as a dataset. The model may have confused it as just a project or MIS due to its capitalization and formal naming convention, which is often seen in datasets, but this is mitigated by its clear operational designation as a data collection tool. Hence, I consider it a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is treated as a dataset in this instance because it is defined as a structured data collection tool used for analyzing training impact, and it is explicitly mentioned as part of the data gathering efforts." + }, + { + "filename": "020_P1781250bdd2b50b0b9720d5c17632331c", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank SPF: Improved Livelihoods for Internally Displaced Persons in Azerbaijan ( P178125 ) Page 28 of 34 Indicator Name Corporate Unit of Measur e Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Name: Number of local governments participating in training on civic engagement Number 0. 00 15. 00 Semi-annually Reports provided by Civic Engagement Service Provider Civic Engagement Service Provider, M & E specialist Description: Total number of local government units who attended trainings Name: Percentage increase in participant knowledge of civic engagement concepts and methodologies Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Before and after each civic engagement training event Pre and post training tests Civic Engagement Service Provider Percentage increase in knowledge of civic engagement concepts and methodologies among persons with disabilities and representatives of organizations of persons with disabilities Percentag e 0. 00 50. 00 Before and after each civic engagement training event Pre and post training tests Civic Engagement Service Provider Description: Percentage increase in pre and post training test scores for individuals who participated in civic engagement training Name: Percentage of new businesses and employment still active after three months Percentag e 0. 00 75. 00 Once, at least three months after training completion, with the possibility of Post-Training Completion Survey M & E Specialist and supplementary data collectors, as needed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1418, + 1449, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 77, + 87, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1113, + 1169, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1238, + 1313, + "Post-Training Completion Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 75. 00 Once, at least three months after training completion, with the possibility of Post-Training Completion Survey M & E Specialist and supplementary data collectors, as needed.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey conducted after training completion, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "connected to structured data collection", + "implies records collected from participants" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Post-Training Completion Survey' signifies a structured way to collect feedback and results concerning a training program. The phrase indicates that it is a method of data collection rather than just a project name. Surveys typically gather measurable information, implying that it can be categorized as a dataset. The use of 'Survey' strongly suggests that it is a systematic method for recording responses, which aligns with how datasets are typically described in research. However, the initial judgment might have stemmed from confusion with the idea that a survey could be just a title of a project rather than highlighting its data-gathering aspect. Clear indicators of its data-collecting nature help solidify its classification as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Post-Training Completion Survey' is a data collection method designed to gather structured information from participants, making it a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 12, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Climate Smart Agricultural Transformation Project ( P173296 ) Page 7 of 81 STRATEGIC CONTEXT A. Country Context 1. Uganda \u2019 s gross domestic product ( GDP ) growth has been declining and poverty has been increasing. GDP growth averaged close to 8 percent per year the decade before 2012 but has since slowed to around 5 percent and is further projected to decline partly because of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) crisis. The latest poverty data show that poverty has moderately increased since 2012 / 13. According to the Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ), between 2012 and 2016, Uganda \u2019 s poverty rate declined to 21. 4 percent, that resulted in around 1. 4 million Ugandans slipping into poverty. A sizable portion of Uganda \u2019 s population remains vulnerable to poverty and significant welfare setbacks in the wake of a shock. About 44 percent are considered vulnerable and susceptible to falling into poverty because of climate and other shocks. While 8. 4 percent of households moved out of poverty in 2021, 10. 2 percent slipped into poverty in response to shocks. 1 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 556, + 588, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 137, + 143, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 304, + 308, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 466, + 478, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 556, + 562, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 607, + 611, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 616, + 620, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 622, + 628, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 671, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 710, + 718, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1049, + 1053, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The latest poverty data show that poverty has moderately increased since 2012 / 13. According to the Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ), between 2012 and 2016, Uganda \u2019 s poverty rate declined to 21. 4 percent, that resulted in around 1.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess poverty and living conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as a survey", + "used as a data source for poverty analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda National Household Survey' is mentioned in relation to poverty data, specifically stating that 'according to the Uganda National Household Survey', which indicates that it is being used as a source of structured data on poverty levels in Uganda. The phrasing suggests it is an authoritative source of data rather than just a project or system containing data. While it could be seen as an overarching program or project, the explicit reference to its role in providing data about poverty mitigates any potential confusion about it being merely a project name or management information system. Additionally, the usage context clearly positions it as integral to the empirical analysis being conducted, thereby affirming its status as a dataset rather than just a tool or infrastructure. A model might have been confused due to the term 'survey', which can have broader connotations beyond just data collection, but the context makes it clear that it is used specifically for analysis in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Uganda National Household Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly cited as a source for poverty-related data, highlighting its role in structured data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 12, + "text": "Without adequate action, social and economic losses are expected to be more pronounced in the marginalized regions of the country where the declining resilience of rural households would have devastating impacts on agricultural productivity, food security, incomes, and poverty reduction. 1 Uganda National Household Survey ( 2016 / 17 ) 2 Between 2012 / 13 and 2016 / 17 there was drought, crop and livestock pest and disease outbreaks, floods, and storms that resulted in sharp changes in prices. These events were more prevalent among the rural areas except for sharp changes in prices of commodities that were highly ranked in the urban areas. The prevalence of drought was almost universal except in the subregions of Elgon and Kigezi. Sharp changes in prices were most common in the subregions of Lango, Central II, and Karamoja. Bukedi subregion was the most hit by crop pests and diseases followed by Lango, while Karamoja was the most affected by livestock diseases ( 100 percent ). Teso subregion was affected by storms and floods.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 291, + 323, + "named" + ], + [ + 164, + 180, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 326, + 335, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 362, + 371, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 803, + 808, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 810, + 820, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 826, + 834, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 836, + 852, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 909, + 914, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 922, + 930, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1057, + 1075, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Without adequate action, social and economic losses are expected to be more pronounced in the marginalized regions of the country where the declining resilience of rural households would have devastating impacts on agricultural productivity, food security, incomes, and poverty reduction. 1 Uganda National Household Survey ( 2016 / 17 ) 2 Between 2012 / 13 and 2016 / 17 there was drought, crop and livestock pest and disease outbreaks, floods, and storms that resulted in sharp changes in prices. These events were more prevalent among the rural areas except for sharp changes in prices of commodities that were highly ranked in the urban areas.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described explicitly as a 'Household Survey'", + "follows a structured context about socioeconomic analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda National Household Survey' appears to reference a formally collected set of data concerning households in Uganda. The term is explicitly mentioned in a context that discusses social and economic aspects of rural households, which aligns with the nature of household surveys as standardized data collection efforts. There are no indications in the surrounding sentences that suggest this term is referring to a project name or a management information system; rather, it is positioned as a source contributing to the analysis of economic and social conditions. Given the typical use of national household surveys to gather structured data for research, this leads to a conclusion that it behaves as a dataset rather than merely infrastructure or a tool. Confusion may arise if someone assumes it is merely a project based on its title, but the context effectively supports its identification as a dataset used for empirical analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Uganda National Household Survey is treated as a dataset in this context due to its explicit mention in relation to household conditions and socioeconomic variables, making it a structured data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 13, + "text": "Agriculture accounts for approximately 22 percent of Uganda \u2019 s GDP, 46 percent of its export earnings, and 60 percent of the labor force. Despite its important role, the agriculture sector performs far below its potential, exacerbated by increasing climate variability as well as extreme weather events. Uganda \u2019 s national agricultural output has grown at only 2 percent per year over a five-year period compared to about 3 \u2013 5 percent output growth in other East African Community members over the same period. 5 Low rates of commercialization and inadequate capacity to invest in adapting to climate related 3 OPM ( Office of the Prime Minister ) and UNHCR ( United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ). 2022. Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal. https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga. 4 World Bank and FAO ( Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ). 2019. Rapid Assessment of Natural Resources Degradation in Areas Impacted by the South Sudan Refugee Influx in Northern Uganda. Washington, DC: World Bank. 5 Uganda National Household Survey ( 2016 / 17 )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1055, + 1087, + "named" + ], + [ + 53, + 59, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 305, + 311, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 718, + 724, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1023, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1055, + 1061, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1090, + 1099, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Washington, DC: World Bank. 5 Uganda National Household Survey ( 2016 / 17 )", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated among known datasets", + "mentioned with specific collection and year", + "described as a survey with structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'Uganda National Household Survey' is a well-established survey recognized for its structured collection of data related to household conditions in Uganda. The fact that it includes a specific year (2016/17) further accentuates its role as a dataset that contributes to research findings in areas such as socioeconomic conditions, demographics, and living standards. The presence of the term 'Survey' itself indicates it is a systematic data collection effort, which is often treated as a dataset in research contexts. It is described in a way that aligns with data usage, making it clear that it serves as a data source rather than merely being associated with a project or a management information system. A model might be confused by such terms if they lack explicit identifiers showing they contain data, or if they misunderestimate their general context as just a project or system without recognizing the specificity of data collection associated with the term. However, in this case, the language strongly indicates it's a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Uganda National Household Survey' is indeed a dataset as it represents a structured collection of data specifically aimed at understanding household dynamics in Uganda, and is framed in a context that supports this interpretation." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 15, + "text": "Like host communities, refugees have been adversely affected by COVID-19 shocks, coupled with high levels of food insecurity and aid dependency on limited food rations. 13 RHDs face challenges in the productivity of the land. There are limited soil conservation interventions in refugee settlements. Settlements are located in refugee hosting districts which often have less-productive agricultural land. Extension services are limited in settlements, and interventions are fragmented across different funding partners making it difficult to ensure sustainable use of natural resources for restoration, preservation of the environment, and improvement in agricultural productivity. Informal arrangements for sharecropping and refugees working on host community land provide vulnerability and protection challenges, as does the contestation of some land around refugee settlements. This has implications for social cohesion between refugee and host communities. 7. To address poverty and reverse the impacts of land degradation and promote the adoption and scale-up of appropriate land management practices and climate smart technologies for sustained productivity and poverty reduction, the Government of Uganda ( GoU ) would need to: ( a ) Invest in strengthening institutions at varying levels \u2014 communities and local governments \u2014 to promote economies of scale and mindset change among policy makers and communities regarding the benefits of promoting climate smart technologies, innovations, and management practices ( TIMPs ) and to enhance community resilience to climatic shocks. ( b ) Invest in climate smart technology generation and adaptation to facilitate and enhance farmers \u2019 adoption of TIMPs, climate smart technologies and SLM practices. ( c ) Address market access and infrastructure challenges to incentivize increased investments into climate smart TIMPs and enable a shift from subsistence farming to commercial oriented production. 13 World Bank. 2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High - Frequency Phone Survey - Third Round. Washington, DC: World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 2066, + 2095, + "named" + ], + [ + 23, + 31, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 726, + 734, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1205, + 1211, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1957, + 1967, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1969, + 1973, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2029, + 2037, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 2041, + 2047, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 2127, + 2137, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High - Frequency Phone Survey - Third Round. Washington, DC: World Bank.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey conducted by the World Bank to monitor social and economic impacts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows specific naming convention indicative of a structured project or study", + "explicitly mentioned as a survey conducted to gather data", + "the results from the survey indicate it is a data source with gathered records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'High - Frequency Phone Survey' appears to refer to a specific survey conducted by the World Bank which is meant to capture data regarding the social and economic impacts of COVID-19 on refugees. The term is referred to as a survey, which implies a systematic collection of data through structured methodologies. The previous judgment that labeled it as a dataset aligns with the context in the sentence, which clearly indicates the survey is tied to the collection of data for reporting results. While the phrasing might suggest it could be a project name or system, the context 'Results from the High - Frequency Phone Survey' implies that actual data was generated and analyzed from this specific survey, hence reinforcing the classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'High - Frequency Phone Survey' represents a structured collection of data gathered through a survey by the World Bank, thus behaving as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 67, + "text": "MAAIF currently uses the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) in management of the accounting and reporting functions for the Government. The project will be expected to be managed through the upgraded IFMIS with the project module for new projects as agreed and directed by MoFPED. This has however presented the risk of slow implementation of the new project module under IFMIS due to some technical challenges that are being addressed by MoFPED. Funds Flow and Disbursements Arrangements 8. Bank accounts. The following bank accounts authorized by MoFPED will be maintained by MAAIF in the Bank of Uganda ( BoU ) for implementing the project: ( a ) Designated Account ( DA ) denominated in US dollars where disbursements from IDA will be deposited and ( b ) project account, denominated in the local currency. Transfers from the DA ( for payment of transactions in local currency ) will be deposited into this account in accordance with the project objectives, work plans, and budgets. Transfers to other IAs and lower-level implementation points such as district local governments will follow the established Government systems as provided for in the Government \u2019 s treasury accounting instructions, 2003 ( currently under revision in line with the new PFM Act, 2015 and PFM Regulations 2016 ). Figure 1. 1. Funds Flow Chart IDA DA ( US $ ) in BoU MAAIF ) MAAIF Project Account ( UGX ) in BoU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 25, + 75, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MAAIF currently uses the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) in management of the accounting and reporting functions for the Government. The project will be expected to be managed through the upgraded IFMIS with the project module for new projects as agreed and directed by MoFPED.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is a system used for managing accounting and reporting functions, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "uses the term 'management of the accounting and reporting functions'", + "mentioned as a project management tool, not as a data source or dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' (IFMIS) is clearly identified as a 'management information system' and is described in relation to its use in managing accounting and reporting functions. While it does house data related to these functions, its primary role appears to be an operational tool rather than a structured dataset intended for research or analysis purposes. Moreover, the phrase indicates that it supports project management through its functionalities, reinforcing the notion that it's a management system rather than a dataset. The confusion may arise because it has the attributes of a formal name and contains data, but the context explicitly places it as a system for management tasks. Thus, while the model might tag it as a dataset due to contextual placement, the clarifying phrases around its role clarify that it should not be treated as such in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' is not considered a dataset in this context, as it is explicitly functioning as a management information system focused on accounting and reporting, rather than being a structured collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 71, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Climate Smart Agricultural Transformation Project ( P173296 ) Page 66 of 81 Risk Description Risk Rating Risk Mitigating Measures Incorporated into Project Design Risk Rating after Mitigation Project level - This is a complex project implemented by MAAIF, in coordination with other agencies, local governments, and communities. H This will be mitigated by agreed accountability procedures issued by MAAIF to participating agencies and districts, spelling out duties and responsibilities together with staff specifically assigned to the project. MAAIF PCU will ensure proper coordination of the project. S Although all World Bank - funded projects are captured under the annual national budget, some IAs may not have access to IFMS accounting system. H MAAIF will use the project \u2019 s module within the Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMS ) to be used for project accounting. However, the financial reports will be prepared manually using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet since they cannot be generated from the accounting system. Manual systems are prone to errors of omission or commission. S Internal control - Inability to follow up reported internal control weaknesses. S MAAIF and participating agencies have qualified and experienced internal auditors who will include the project within their workplans to ensure the internal audit unit carries out its role within the project according to their Internal Audit Charter. This will also be spelled out in the project manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 749, + 753, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MAAIF PCU will ensure proper coordination of the project. S Although all World Bank - funded projects are captured under the annual national budget, some IAs may not have access to IFMS accounting system. H MAAIF will use the project \u2019 s module within the Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMS ) to be used for project accounting.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to the Integrated Financial Management System, which is a tool for project accounting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a system for project accounting", + "not described as a dataset or data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' is clearly referred to as the Integrated Financial Management System, which is framed as a tool for managing project accounting. The text specifically states that it is a system used for project financial management, rather than a source of data in itself. The phrase 'will use the project\u2019s module within the Integrated Financial Management System' implies that IFMS is an operational tool that may facilitate data handling rather than being a structured dataset. Although it is capitalized and formatted as a proper name, which sometimes leads models to erroneously categorize it as a dataset, the explicit reference to it as a system and the lack of context suggesting it contains concrete, analyzable data supports the decision that it is not a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IFMS is an Integrated Financial Management System referred to as a tool for project accounting, not a structured data source, which is why it is not considered a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 71, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Climate Smart Agricultural Transformation Project ( P173296 ) Page 66 of 81 Risk Description Risk Rating Risk Mitigating Measures Incorporated into Project Design Risk Rating after Mitigation Project level - This is a complex project implemented by MAAIF, in coordination with other agencies, local governments, and communities. H This will be mitigated by agreed accountability procedures issued by MAAIF to participating agencies and districts, spelling out duties and responsibilities together with staff specifically assigned to the project. MAAIF PCU will ensure proper coordination of the project. S Although all World Bank - funded projects are captured under the annual national budget, some IAs may not have access to IFMS accounting system. H MAAIF will use the project \u2019 s module within the Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMS ) to be used for project accounting. However, the financial reports will be prepared manually using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet since they cannot be generated from the accounting system. Manual systems are prone to errors of omission or commission. S Internal control - Inability to follow up reported internal control weaknesses. S MAAIF and participating agencies have qualified and experienced internal auditors who will include the project within their workplans to ensure the internal audit unit carries out its role within the project according to their Internal Audit Charter. This will also be spelled out in the project manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 824, + 862, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "S Although all World Bank - funded projects are captured under the annual national budget, some IAs may not have access to IFMS accounting system. H MAAIF will use the project \u2019 s module within the Integrated Financial Management System ( IFMS ) to be used for project accounting. However, the financial reports will be prepared manually using Microsoft Excel spreadsheet since they cannot be generated from the accounting system.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) is a financial management tool, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management tool", + "project mentions module within IFMS for accounting", + "financial reports prepared manually instead of through the system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS) is clearly described as a financial management tool used by the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) for accounting. The language indicates that it is being used to manage the project's finances rather than as a straightforward dataset. The mention of generating financial reports manually using Microsoft Excel further underscores that the system itself doesn\u2019t provide readily analyzable data, making it a tool rather than a direct source of structured data used for analysis. This could confuse the model because of its name suggesting it could be a dataset, especially since it follows phrasing like 'will use the project\u2019s module within'. However, it is primarily functioning as infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Integrated Financial Management System is a tool used for financial management activities rather than a dataset, as it serves an accounting function and is not cited as a primary source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 84, + "text": "Uganda remains committed to improving economic opportunities, social services and infrastructure to benefit refugees and host communities. Five CRRF program response plans have been finalized and are being supported by large national projects which include refugees and host community members with World Bank financing. These plans foresee medium and long-term development investments and support the transition of humanitarian assistance into Government services in RHDs. z There is strong progress on: the commitment to integrate refugee services into national service delivery systems. As outlined in the National Development Plan III ( NDP III ), refugee planning is integrated into national, sectoral and local government plans and data collection. The CRRF has developed sectoral plans for refugees and host communities and included both groups under the Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer to support service provision through district development plans. Refugees and hosts have been included in the 2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. Although a refugee sample was not collected in the Uganda National Household Survey that was conducted in 2019 / 20 due to COVID-19 pressures, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics remains committed to include refugees in national data exercises. On the commitments to: ensure access for refugees and host population to quality, efficient and integrated basic social services; and enhance social infrastructure in refugee hosting areas, strong progress is being made on health and education service provision.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1012, + 1049, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The CRRF has developed sectoral plans for refugees and host communities and included both groups under the Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer to support service provision through district development plans. Refugees and hosts have been included in the 2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. Although a refugee sample was not collected in the Uganda National Household Survey that was conducted in 2019 / 20 due to COVID-19 pressures, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics remains committed to include refugees in national data exercises.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health demographics in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'included in' which suggests it's a data source", + "described as a health survey that collects demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey' is explicitly mentioned as part of the demographic health survey mechanisms in Uganda. The phrasing indicates that it is a data source, particularly as it states that refugees and hosts are included in this survey, hence reflecting its role in collecting health demographic data. The text does not describe it as a project or system but rather highlights its function in the collection of structured data and its relevance in national data exercises.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term is treated as a dataset because it presents clear context linking it to data collection activities, indicating it plays a role as a structured collection of health demographic information." + }, + { + "filename": "021_BOSIB05e6fc47e0770aeec00ad5e11774f2", + "page": 84, + "text": "Uganda remains committed to improving economic opportunities, social services and infrastructure to benefit refugees and host communities. Five CRRF program response plans have been finalized and are being supported by large national projects which include refugees and host community members with World Bank financing. These plans foresee medium and long-term development investments and support the transition of humanitarian assistance into Government services in RHDs. z There is strong progress on: the commitment to integrate refugee services into national service delivery systems. As outlined in the National Development Plan III ( NDP III ), refugee planning is integrated into national, sectoral and local government plans and data collection. The CRRF has developed sectoral plans for refugees and host communities and included both groups under the Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer to support service provision through district development plans. Refugees and hosts have been included in the 2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. Although a refugee sample was not collected in the Uganda National Household Survey that was conducted in 2019 / 20 due to COVID-19 pressures, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics remains committed to include refugees in national data exercises. On the commitments to: ensure access for refugees and host population to quality, efficient and integrated basic social services; and enhance social infrastructure in refugee hosting areas, strong progress is being made on health and education service provision.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1102, + 1134, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 6, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 861, + 867, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1023, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1102, + 1108, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1157, + 1166, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Refugees and hosts have been included in the 2022 Uganda Demographic Health Survey. Although a refugee sample was not collected in the Uganda National Household Survey that was conducted in 2019 / 20 due to COVID-19 pressures, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics remains committed to include refugees in national data exercises. On the commitments to: ensure access for refugees and host population to quality, efficient and integrated basic social services; and enhance social infrastructure in refugee hosting areas, strong progress is being made on health and education service provision.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding households in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a specific survey producing structured data", + "describes a data collection effort by Uganda Bureau of Statistics", + "used in context that indicates it contains household data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Uganda National Household Survey' is explicitly referred to as a survey that collects structured data on households in Uganda, which aligns it closely with traditional definitions of a dataset. Although the term itself could potentially be ambiguous\u2014e.g., it might be interpreted as a project or a system responsible for the data collection\u2014the context suggests that it was actively used to produce data, especially since it is noted as part of a continuing data effort by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. The text implies that the survey's results could inform decisions and policies regarding social services, indicating that it stands as a concrete data source rather than merely an umbrella term for a project. This connection to a data gathering activity contributes to its classification as a dataset. A model could have confused it for a system or project if there were a lack of clear connection to specific data outputs, but in this case, the context supports the interpretation as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Uganda National Household Survey is treated as a valid dataset in this context, as it represents a systematic data collection effort by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics focused on households." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 9, + "text": "Despite some moderation, the risk of debt distress remains high, with the public debt accounting for 43 percent of the GDP. An increasing number of households reported reduced expenditure, including on food ( 33 percent in August 2021 versus 28 percent a year earlier ), and poverty rates increased, reversing the previous trend. 5 A sharp increase in consumer prices and falling wage incomes reduced food security, particularly for vulnerable households without remittance income. Disposable incomes have fallen, and recovery is expected to be slow. The Tajik economy continues to be vulnerable to economic shocks, including the unfolding crisis in Ukraine, 1 World Bank. World Development Indicators. 2 Word Bank. 2021. Tajikistan Macroeconomic and Poverty Outlook. 3 Republic of Tajikistan. 2020. Tajikistan COVID-19 Country Preparedness and Response Plan. Dushanbe, Tajikistan. 4 International Finance Corporation. 2020. COVID-19 Impact Assessment Survey. Tajikistan and Kyrgyz Republic. 5 World Bank. 2020. Tajikistan: Economic Slowdown Amid the Pandemic. Tajikistan Country Economic Update ( Fall 2021 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 673, + 701, + "named" + ], + [ + 230, + 234, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 661, + 671, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 705, + 714, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 722, + 732, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 770, + 792, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 794, + 798, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 800, + 810, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 919, + 923, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 960, + 970, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 994, + 1004, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1103, + 1107, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Tajik economy continues to be vulnerable to economic shocks, including the unfolding crisis in Ukraine, 1 World Bank. World Development Indicators. 2 Word Bank.", + "type": "indicator", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to global development metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "considered a structured collection of data", + "listed after a reference to the World Bank", + "implicitly referred to as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'World Development Indicators' is associated with the World Bank, a reputable organization known for collecting and disseminating economic indicators globally. The phrasing does not explicitly categorize it as a dataset but implies that it functions as one, given its purpose to provide data for assessing development metrics. While it could be viewed as a project or a broader initiative due to its comprehensive nature, it is treated functionally like a dataset since it serves as a source of structured records relevant to economic analysis. I acknowledge that some might confuse it with a project or system due to the name's formal tone and its association with an authoritative body, but its primary use in research legitimizes it as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'World Development Indicators' is appropriately classified as a dataset because it serves as a structured source of data used for economic analysis, despite its potential to be interpreted as a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 10 of 89 less than 5, 000 inhabitants. 20 The lack of consolidated and reliable data on distribution of population by water sources; low local capacity for on-site water storage to bridge intermittent water supply; and exposure to prolonged periods of droughts, which are expected to become more frequent and longer because of climate change, make long-term planning of service delivery a challenge, especially in the context of the evident impact of climate change on different water sources. Figure 1. Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient. This infrastructure was not designed to ensure resilience to climate change shocks, associated with high operation and maintenance ( O & M ) costs, and the institutions \u2019 capacity to consider alternative WSW collection / treatment options is limited. Maintenance is limited to quick fixes of apparent system breakdowns, affecting operational performance in the long term. The number of incidents in the piped water supply networks is extremely high.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 698, + 714, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 648, + 696, + "Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 715, + 719, + "Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 774, + 776, + "Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 804, + 808, + "Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Household Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Source:\u2019 indicating a data source", + "used in a context where it is presented with other datasets", + "capitalized and named in a formal way, suggesting it is a specific survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "I evaluated the term 'Household Survey' based on its presentation in the context. It appears alongside other identifiable data sources such as 'Population Census Data' and 'WASH Poverty Diagnostics'. The phrase 'Household Survey 2017' suggests it's referring to a specific collection of structured data from households, which supports its classification as a dataset. Although it could be interpreted as part of a project or initiative, the capitalization and clear indication of it being a 'source' lead me to believe it is a defined dataset for this analysis. The confusion might arise in models interpreting similar terms that could imply a platform or management system rather than a concrete dataset, but here, the phrasing clarifies its role in the context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Household Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly mentioned as a source of data alongside other known datasets, suggesting it contains structured data collected from households." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 10 of 89 less than 5, 000 inhabitants. 20 The lack of consolidated and reliable data on distribution of population by water sources; low local capacity for on-site water storage to bridge intermittent water supply; and exposure to prolonged periods of droughts, which are expected to become more frequent and longer because of climate change, make long-term planning of service delivery a challenge, especially in the context of the evident impact of climate change on different water sources. Figure 1. Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient. This infrastructure was not designed to ensure resilience to climate change shocks, associated with high operation and maintenance ( O & M ) costs, and the institutions \u2019 capacity to consider alternative WSW collection / treatment options is limited. Maintenance is limited to quick fixes of apparent system breakdowns, affecting operational performance in the long term. The number of incidents in the piped water supply networks is extremely high.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 728, + 735, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "TajStat <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "TajStat <> publication year" + ], + [ + 715, + 719, + "TajStat <> publication year" + ], + [ + 761, + 765, + "TajStat <> publication year" + ], + [ + 804, + 808, + "TajStat <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "TajStat refers to a statistical registry that provides data on population and other demographic factors, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source:'", + "described as a statistical registry" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TajStat' appears in a list of sources for population and demographic data. The phrasing 'Source: TajStat' suggests that it is being explicitly referenced as a data source. Even though 'TajStat' could imply a management information system or project, it is described here as a registry providing statistical information. The enumertation alongside other data sources strengthens the interpretation that it is treated as a dataset in this particular analysis. The potential confusion emerges because it could also be interpreted as an overarching system or project offering data, especially if it were discussed in a different context. However, the explicit mention as a source affirms its status as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'TajStat' is treated as a dataset because it is mentioned as a source for statistical data following a source indication, aligning with the common usage of 'dataset'." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 10 of 89 less than 5, 000 inhabitants. 20 The lack of consolidated and reliable data on distribution of population by water sources; low local capacity for on-site water storage to bridge intermittent water supply; and exposure to prolonged periods of droughts, which are expected to become more frequent and longer because of climate change, make long-term planning of service delivery a challenge, especially in the context of the evident impact of climate change on different water sources. Figure 1. Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient. This infrastructure was not designed to ensure resilience to climate change shocks, associated with high operation and maintenance ( O & M ) costs, and the institutions \u2019 capacity to consider alternative WSW collection / treatment options is limited. Maintenance is limited to quick fixes of apparent system breakdowns, affecting operational performance in the long term. The number of incidents in the piped water supply networks is extremely high.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 737, + 759, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Population Census Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Population Census Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "Population Census Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 728, + 735, + "Population Census Data <> author" + ], + [ + 761, + 765, + "Population Census Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 774, + 776, + "Population Census Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient.", + "type": "census data", + "explanation": "Population Census Data is a structured collection of demographic information used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Source:\u2019 indicating a data source", + "described in the context of demographic information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Population Census Data' is presented alongside other clearly defined sources, specifically under the phrase 'Source:'. This positions it as a reference to actual data that can be used for analysis. The term does not appear to be described as a project management system or a tool; instead, it is treated as a collection of demographic data relevant to the research at hand. Although there might be ambiguity around its status as a formal dataset (as census data can sometimes refer to the processes or systems involved), the phrasing strongly implies it is being used as a concrete source of demographic records for the analysis in question. The model likely confused this because of the generic nature of the term 'Population Census Data,' which sounds like it could easily refer to both a dataset and the broader census process it describes. However, since it is clearly marked here as a source, the decision is made in favor of it being a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Population Census Data' is treated as a dataset since it is explicitly referenced as a source of demographic information, enumerated with other datasets, and indicated as such in the citation, supporting its role as a concrete data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 10 of 89 less than 5, 000 inhabitants. 20 The lack of consolidated and reliable data on distribution of population by water sources; low local capacity for on-site water storage to bridge intermittent water supply; and exposure to prolonged periods of droughts, which are expected to become more frequent and longer because of climate change, make long-term planning of service delivery a challenge, especially in the context of the evident impact of climate change on different water sources. Figure 1. Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient. This infrastructure was not designed to ensure resilience to climate change shocks, associated with high operation and maintenance ( O & M ) costs, and the institutions \u2019 capacity to consider alternative WSW collection / treatment options is limited. Maintenance is limited to quick fixes of apparent system breakdowns, affecting operational performance in the long term. The number of incidents in the piped water supply networks is extremely high.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 778, + 802, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> publication year" + ], + [ + 715, + 719, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> publication year" + ], + [ + 774, + 776, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> publisher" + ], + [ + 804, + 808, + "WASH Poverty Diagnostics <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Distribution of Population by Density, 2020 Figure 2. Spatial Use of Improved Water Sources by Regions, Household Survey 2017 Source: TajStat, Population Census Data, 2020 Source: WB, WASH Poverty Diagnostics, 2017 10. Even where WSS infrastructure is available for provision of piped safely managed WSW services, this infrastructure is largely outdated and inefficient.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "WASH Poverty Diagnostics refers to a structured collection of data used for analysis related to water supply and sanitation issues.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned among other sources but described as a diagnostics effort", + "washes poverty diagnostics appears to be a project", + "does not clearly indicate collection of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'WASH Poverty Diagnostics' appears alongside sources such as 'TajStat' and 'Population Census Data', implying it may be used to support data analysis but without clear indication that it is a structured collection itself. The term is capitalized, resembling a proper name, which might lead to confusion in data extraction models. However, it is described in such a way that it seems more akin to a project or an initiative focused on water, sanitation, and health issues rather than a dataset. The context does not specify it as a source of raw data; rather, it seems to act as a guiding framework or initiative for analyzing associated data. Hence, it is more accurately defined as a project rather than a direct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'WASH Poverty Diagnostics' is treated as a project or initiative rather than a standalone dataset, as it does not indicate the provision of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "These infrastructure issues, combined with institutional capacity constraints, resulted in a stagnation, or decline, in water service quality acutely affecting rural areas and district towns, where most of the population resides. Outdated pumps and distribution networks with excessive energy consumption and high non - revenue water ( NRW ) losses affect the financial performance of WSS service providers as energy costs account for around 30 \u2013 40 percent of their minimal budgets for operational expenses. While reduction of energy consumption by water utilities may not lead to significant reduction in GHG emissions, as the country is reliant on hydropower for almost 95 percent of electricity generation, optimizing energy use for water service provision will simultaneously improve financial performance of utilities and overcome seasonal constraints in availability of electricity which affects operation of the systems. 11. The burden of deficient water supply is especially affecting the poor. In rural areas, house connections are available to 34 percent of the poorest households compared to 80 percent in urban areas, which demonstrates that the gap in services is largely correlated with location rather than income of households. However, the gap between rich and poor in drinking water service provision is much less pronounced than is commonly seen in other low-income countries. Most of the gap is the result of location, as most poor people reside in rural areas. In urban areas, about 80 percent of the poorest population use house connections ( compared to 99 percent of the richest households ). Data from the 20 TajStat. 2020. Population Census Data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1650, + 1672, + "named" + ], + [ + 160, + 171, + "Population Census Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 176, + 190, + "Population Census Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1073, + 1091, + "Population Census Data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1118, + 1129, + "Population Census Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1644, + 1648, + "Population Census Data <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2020. Population Census Data.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of demographic data collected during a census, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as 'Population Census Data'", + "suggests the collection of demographic data", + "implies structured collection for research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The phrase 'Population Census Data' typically refers to a specific dataset that compiles demographic information gathered during a national census. In this context, the absence of qualifying language that could indicate it is a project or an information system suggests that it is indeed referring to the actual dataset created from the census. There's no indication that it is a management information system or a tool rather than a dataset. However, the context is quite limited, with just a year preceding it, which might confuse a model if it were looking for more explicit indicators of dataset status. If 'Population Census' were part of a larger description of a system or project rather than standing alone, it could lead to confusion as well.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Population Census Data' is treated as a dataset because it directly refers to a structured collection of demographic data from the census, without additional context suggesting it is a system or project." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 11 of 89 Listening to Tajikistan Survey21 indicated a strong seasonal correlation of share of households reporting water disruptions, even for households with no connection to municipal water systems, with no significant difference between the bottom 40 and top 60 percent of population, suggesting heavy reliance on open water sources \u2014 largely irrigation canals during the off-season. However, the number of reported days with water disruptions varies from two to six days between urban and rural populations accordingly. 22 12. The quality of water collected from open water sources is usually poor, correlating with incidences of waterborne illnesses, such as diarrhea, and increasingly worrisome in areas with high density of population, heavy reliance on untreated surface water for drinking, and experiencing rapid increase in temperatures. The Household WASH Survey confirmed this finding at the national level, with 16 percent of respondents reporting experiencing gastrointestinal disorders due to poor water quality. While official statistics on waterborne diseases and diseases associated with inadequate WSS are largely underestimated, representatives of local government, schools, and health clinics, as well as local leaders also identified the poor quality of drinking water as the main cause of diarrhea outbreaks, along with poor sanitation and hygiene conditions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 112, + 131, + "named" + ], + [ + 112, + 122, + "Tajikistan Survey21 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 233, + 289, + "Tajikistan Survey21 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 490, + 536, + "Tajikistan Survey21 <> data description" + ], + [ + 625, + 675, + "Tajikistan Survey21 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 11 of 89 Listening to Tajikistan Survey21 indicated a strong seasonal correlation of share of households reporting water disruptions, even for households with no connection to municipal water systems, with no significant difference between the bottom 40 and top 60 percent of population, suggesting heavy reliance on open water sources \u2014 largely irrigation canals during the off-season. However, the number of reported days with water disruptions varies from two to six days between urban and rural populations accordingly.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey that collects structured data on water supply and sanitation issues in Tajikistan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Listening to...'", + "described as a survey collecting structured data", + "indicates data collection related to water supply and sanitation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Tajikistan Survey21' is presented as a survey that directly collects data on water supply and sanitation issues, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset. The phrase 'Listening to Tajikistan Survey21 indicated a strong seasonal correlation...' strongly implies that this survey yielded structured results that are under analysis. While it might initially resemble a project name due to the formal tone and capitalized style, it is framed in a context where its purpose as a data collection instrument is evident, thus making it a dataset rather than just a project or system. The model may have been confused by the formal structure and nomenclature that often indicates projects or systems, but the operational context suggests it represents data being used directly in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Tajikistan Survey21' functions as a dataset in this context because it is directly described as a survey that collects data, which is relevant to the findings being discussed." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 11 of 89 Listening to Tajikistan Survey21 indicated a strong seasonal correlation of share of households reporting water disruptions, even for households with no connection to municipal water systems, with no significant difference between the bottom 40 and top 60 percent of population, suggesting heavy reliance on open water sources \u2014 largely irrigation canals during the off-season. However, the number of reported days with water disruptions varies from two to six days between urban and rural populations accordingly. 22 12. The quality of water collected from open water sources is usually poor, correlating with incidences of waterborne illnesses, such as diarrhea, and increasingly worrisome in areas with high density of population, heavy reliance on untreated surface water for drinking, and experiencing rapid increase in temperatures. The Household WASH Survey confirmed this finding at the national level, with 16 percent of respondents reporting experiencing gastrointestinal disorders due to poor water quality. While official statistics on waterborne diseases and diseases associated with inadequate WSS are largely underestimated, representatives of local government, schools, and health clinics, as well as local leaders also identified the poor quality of drinking water as the main cause of diarrhea outbreaks, along with poor sanitation and hygiene conditions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 942, + 963, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Household WASH Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1350, + 1380, + "Household WASH Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The quality of water collected from open water sources is usually poor, correlating with incidences of waterborne illnesses, such as diarrhea, and increasingly worrisome in areas with high density of population, heavy reliance on untreated surface water for drinking, and experiencing rapid increase in temperatures. The Household WASH Survey confirmed this finding at the national level, with 16 percent of respondents reporting experiencing gastrointestinal disorders due to poor water quality. While official statistics on waterborne diseases and diseases associated with inadequate WSS are largely underestimated, representatives of local government, schools, and health clinics, as well as local leaders also identified the poor quality of drinking water as the main cause of diarrhea outbreaks, along with poor sanitation and hygiene conditions.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household WASH Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as confirming findings at the national level", + "described in the context of assessing water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions", + "provides statistics on respondents' health outcomes related to poor water quality" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Household WASH Survey' is being referenced in a way that suggests it serves as a structured data source integral to the research findings presented. The use of a quantitative metric (16 percent of respondents) and its role in confirming findings at the national level provides strong indicators of it being treated as a dataset. Additionally, there are no indications in the surrounding text that suggest it's a mere project name or system. Instead, it appears to be an empirical study that generated actionable data. The model may have initially flagged this as a potential confusion due to its name, which can be interpreted as a system or initiative, yet the context clearly grounds it as a dataset contributing significant value to the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household WASH Survey' is classified as a dataset in this context, as it is used to validate findings through structured data on water quality, corroborating its importance as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "WHO / Europe and the Ministry of Health and Social Protection ( MoHSP ) of Tajikistan have been working closely together since 2016 to strengthen drinking water quality management and surveillance. A national team of water safety planning experts has been established. These facilitators have been equipped with the tools and knowledge to guide drinking water suppliers and authorities through proper risk assessment and safe operational practices under the many different environmental conditions in the country. 25 However, enforcement of the safe operational practices remains a challenge due to operational and financial constraints. 21 World Bank: Listening to Tajikistan Survey ( October 2018 ). https: / / thedocs. worldbank. org / en / doc / 498281560946839910 - 0080022019 / original / ServicesL2TJK1810en. pdf. 22 Ibid. 23 USAID. 2021. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Survey on Maternal Newborn and Child Health, Nutrition, Water Sanitation and Hygiene, and COVID-19 in Khatlon Region, Tajikistan 2021 - Baseline. 24 Ibid. 25 WHO. 2014. \u201c Water Safety Plan: A Field Guide to Improving Drinking-Water Safety in Small Communities. \u201d https: / / www. euro. who. int / __data / assets / pdf_file / 0004 / 243787 / Water-safety-plan-Eng. pdf; WHO. 2019. \u201c Ensuring Safe Drinking-Water - Highlighting Water Safety Plans in Tajikistan on World Water Day. \u201d https: / / www. syke. fi / en-US / FinWaterWEI_II.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 666, + 683, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 3, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 75, + 85, + "Tajikistan Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 127, + 131, + "Tajikistan Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 641, + 651, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 666, + 676, + "Tajikistan Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 686, + 698, + "Tajikistan Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 833, + 838, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 840, + 844, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 984, + 998, + "Tajikistan Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1000, + 1010, + "Tajikistan Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1011, + 1015, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1040, + 1043, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1251, + 1254, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1256, + 1260, + "Tajikistan Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "25 However, enforcement of the safe operational practices remains a challenge due to operational and financial constraints. 21 World Bank: Listening to Tajikistan Survey ( October 2018 ). https: / / thedocs.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Tajikistan Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered for research or analysis purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a project name", + "specific reference to 'World Bank: Listening to Tajikistan Survey'", + "title indicates potential study or report rather than raw data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Tajikistan Survey' appears to be more of a project name or a title of a specific report generated by the World Bank rather than a concrete dataset. While the extraction model might have considered it a dataset due to the structured nature implied by the term 'Survey', the context indicates it is likely a descriptive title of a project report. This could confuse models since 'Survey' relates to data collection, but without explicit text indicating it is being used as a data source, it leans more towards a publication. Additionally, it does not mention the data contained within it or simultaneous collections of raw data. It\u2019s crucial to discern between references to surveys as projects or reports versus actual datasets they might inform or summarize.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Tajikistan Survey' is not a dataset but rather a name for a project or report, indicating it collects, analyzes, or presents data, rather than being a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 12 of 89 Figure 3. Average Rate of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Figure 4. Number of Registered Typhoid Fever Cases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 13. The JMP reports that 85. 7 percent of the population has access to improved sanitation services, with nearly 94. 9 percent of rural population relying on pit latrines, and only 0. 5 percent of rural households reporting sewage treatment. Government data focused on access to centralized sewage systems, which indicates a great disparity between the urban and rural areas, estimating access to sewage network in urban areas at 80. 0 percent, 18. 2 percent in peri-urban areas, and 0. 2 percent in rural areas. 26 Lack of operational and capital funds, ageing of the facilities, and limited capabilities in wastewater management are key sector bottlenecks. Increased discharges of polluted or untreated wastewater facilitate the spread of pathogens in water bodies, open drains, and directly within urban areas, posing a severe public health risk.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 336, + 346, + "named" + ], + [ + 166, + 180, + "MoHSP Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 213, + 217, + "MoHSP Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 228, + 268, + "MoHSP Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 276, + 290, + "MoHSP Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 373, + 377, + "MoHSP Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 508, + 524, + "MoHSP Data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 620, + 635, + "MoHSP Data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average Rate of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Figure 4. Number of Registered Typhoid Fever Cases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 13. The JMP reports that 85.", + "type": "health data", + "explanation": "MoHSP Data refers to health-related data collected by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, which is structured and used for analysis of health conditions in the region.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' indicating a data source", + "refers specifically to health-related data", + "mentioned multiple times in connection with statistics", + "understood as a structured source for health analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'MoHSP Data' appears in a position that indicates it is being cited as a data source for the average rate of diseases. The phrase 'Source: MoHSP Data' clearly indicates that it is being referred to in the context of providing health statistics. While 'MoHSP' could also be seen as a management system, in this particular instance, it is being treated explicitly as the source of data for the analysis being discussed. The repeated reference reinforces this interpretation, highlighting its role in delivering structured records related to health conditions in Khatlon. The confusion might arise from the potential for 'MoHSP' to refer to a project or a management system; however, in this specific context, it is more appropriate to consider it a dataset due to its direct association with health-related measurements and structured reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, 'MoHSP Data' is treated as a dataset because it directly supports the statistical analysis being conducted and is cited as the source of that data in a formal context." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 12 of 89 Figure 3. Average Rate of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Figure 4. Number of Registered Typhoid Fever Cases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 13. The JMP reports that 85. 7 percent of the population has access to improved sanitation services, with nearly 94. 9 percent of rural population relying on pit latrines, and only 0. 5 percent of rural households reporting sewage treatment. Government data focused on access to centralized sewage systems, which indicates a great disparity between the urban and rural areas, estimating access to sewage network in urban areas at 80. 0 percent, 18. 2 percent in peri-urban areas, and 0. 2 percent in rural areas. 26 Lack of operational and capital funds, ageing of the facilities, and limited capabilities in wastewater management are key sector bottlenecks. Increased discharges of polluted or untreated wastewater facilitate the spread of pathogens in water bodies, open drains, and directly within urban areas, posing a severe public health risk.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 361, + 371, + "named" + ], + [ + 166, + 180, + "MoHSP Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 213, + 217, + "MoHSP Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 228, + 268, + "MoHSP Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 276, + 290, + "MoHSP Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 373, + 377, + "MoHSP Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 508, + 524, + "MoHSP Data <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average Rate of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Figure 4. Number of Registered Typhoid Fever Cases in the Khatlon Region ( per 100, 000 people ), 2016 \u2013 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 Source: MoHSP Data, 2020 13. The JMP reports that 85.", + "type": "health data", + "explanation": "MoHSP Data refers to health-related data collected by the Ministry of Health and Social Protection, which is structured and used for analysis of health conditions in the region.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source for health statistics", + "described in the context of data usage", + "appears multiple times in the mention", + "indicates structured health records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MoHSP Data' appears as a source of health information for the Khatlon Region. The term follows the phrase 'Source:' which indicates that it is being directly referenced and utilized for the presented data on infectious diseases. The mention is repeated in close proximity, reinforcing its role as a recognized source of structured records. While it could be interpreted as part of a management information system (the Ministry of Health and Social Protection), within the given context it serves specifically as a dataset that holds relevant public health data collected for analysis purposes. The potential confusion could arise because it is a proper name and appears in a context where various sources of data might be mixed (including systems or platforms). However, here it clearly denotes a data source used for statistical health reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MoHSP Data' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced for health data statistics, structured records, and cited multiple times as a source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The situation is particularly worrisome in rural healthcare facilities, schools, and other public places, which have been assigned a priority by the health authorities. Recent WHO data suggest that 53 percent of healthcare facilities do not have any water supply service and 57 percent report no access to sanitation. 14. Poor WASH conditions have a disproportional impact on women, children, and the elderly. This is largely due to the traditional distribution of household chores in society with women taking primary responsibility for water collection and taking care of the ill and most vulnerable family members. In rural households, where majority of men have migrated for work, these responsibilities limit women \u2019 s time and mobility to engage in educational, income earning, and community activities and pose heightened physical and health risks. 27 Not only do women spend most of their time fetching water and have narrow paths of daily movement within their community, but they are also reluctant to venture from their own communities due to the lack of safe and secure sanitation facilities in public places ( marketplaces and so on ). Inadequate WSS at local health facilities affects the quality of health services for population in general and particularly for women in relation to maternal care and delivery. 15. Climate change will exacerbate WSS-related risks to public health and the economy. In many areas, increased water temperatures will cause eutrophication and excess algal growth, which will reduce 26 Tajikistan JMP data ( 2020 ). https: / / washdata. org / data. 27 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project ( RWSSP ) Baseline Survey 2020. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Norak Vakhsh Dusti J. Balkhi A. Jomi Panj Yovon Kulob Dangara M. S. Hamadoni Temurmalik Sh. Shohin Levakant Khatlon region 0 1 2 3 4 5 6", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1540, + 1548, + "named" + ], + [ + 176, + 179, + "JMP data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 198, + 270, + "JMP data <> data description" + ], + [ + 1529, + 1539, + "JMP data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1551, + 1555, + "JMP data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1663, + 1667, + "JMP data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1857, + 1875, + "JMP data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Climate change will exacerbate WSS-related risks to public health and the economy. In many areas, increased water temperatures will cause eutrophication and excess algal growth, which will reduce 26 Tajikistan JMP data ( 2020 ). https: / / washdata.", + "type": "data report", + "explanation": "The term 'JMP data' refers to data collected by the Joint Monitoring Programme, which is a structured collection of data used for analysis of water supply and sanitation conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a mention of public health risks", + "appears alongside a year indicating a specific data collection effort", + "described in the context of monitoring water supply and sanitation", + "represents data from a recognized effort" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'JMP data' likely refers to data collected by the Joint Monitoring Programme, which is a credible and structured data source pertaining to water supply and sanitation statistics. The mention of a specific year (2020) solidifies its status as a dataset rather than an information system or project. While 'JMP' could evoke the sense of a management system or project name, here it operates more as a label for the actual data gathered from those initiatives. The reference doesn't suggest it is merely a tool or infrastructure for data storage; instead, it is being utilized for the analysis in question, which aligns with how datasets are typically represented. The model might have thought 'JMP data' is simply a named project because it is capitalized and could be mistaken for a title. However, the context shows that it functions as a quantifiable data source relevant to the arguments made in the text about public health and climate change.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'JMP data' is treated as a dataset because it refers specifically to data collected from a systematic monitoring program relevant to water supply and sanitation, aligned with a year of data collection that supports its classification as a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "Financing under this component will provide support for the establishment of the WSS unit within the ministry, creation of the WSS MIS, development and approval of the necessary reporting protocols, and support for the preparation of the WSS sector assessment report to be published annually after the Year 3 of the project. The WSS unit will be tasked with ensuring coordination with the stakeholder agencies in designing climate-smart WSW interventions and their implementation at the utility and community levels. The MIS will ensure availability of the WSS sector data and monitor gender disaggregation of the utility workforce so that gender gaps in economic opportunities can be measured. The MIS data will lay the basis for development of national sectoral policies ( sectoral policies and monitoring reports content analysis ) and climate adaptation strategies. The component includes support to the Department of Geology in digitalization of the registry of wells used for water supply purposes as part of the water cadaster, with particular focus on the Khatlon region. Climate change is expected to lead to diminished groundwater recharge in some areas because of reduced precipitation and decreased runoff. Monitoring data for aquifer water level, changes in chemistry, and detection of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 127, + 134, + "named" + ], + [ + 557, + 572, + "WSS MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1078, + "WSS MIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Financing under this component will provide support for the establishment of the WSS unit within the ministry, creation of the WSS MIS, development and approval of the necessary reporting protocols, and support for the preparation of the WSS sector assessment report to be published annually after the Year 3 of the project. The WSS unit will be tasked with ensuring coordination with the stakeholder agencies in designing climate-smart WSW interventions and their implementation at the utility and community levels.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The WSS MIS is a structured collection of data designed to monitor and manage water supply sector data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as part of the establishment support for the WSS unit", + "not explicitly referred to as a source of structured records used in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the term 'WSS MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system created in support of a project. It does not indicate that it serves as a dataset in this context, as there are no phrases that suggest it's being used as a primary data source in the analysis. Instead, it seems to function as part of the infrastructure that helps in managing and monitoring water supply data rather than serving as a concrete dataset for analysis. The model might have been confused by the terminology; 'MIS' often implies a structured system but does not necessarily mean it is treated or referred to as a dataset in the sense of a specific source of data being analyzed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'WSS MIS' is a management information system supporting project activities and does not function as a standalone dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "Financing under this component will provide support for the establishment of the WSS unit within the ministry, creation of the WSS MIS, development and approval of the necessary reporting protocols, and support for the preparation of the WSS sector assessment report to be published annually after the Year 3 of the project. The WSS unit will be tasked with ensuring coordination with the stakeholder agencies in designing climate-smart WSW interventions and their implementation at the utility and community levels. The MIS will ensure availability of the WSS sector data and monitor gender disaggregation of the utility workforce so that gender gaps in economic opportunities can be measured. The MIS data will lay the basis for development of national sectoral policies ( sectoral policies and monitoring reports content analysis ) and climate adaptation strategies. The component includes support to the Department of Geology in digitalization of the registry of wells used for water supply purposes as part of the water cadaster, with particular focus on the Khatlon region. Climate change is expected to lead to diminished groundwater recharge in some areas because of reduced precipitation and decreased runoff. Monitoring data for aquifer water level, changes in chemistry, and detection of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 521, + 524, + "named" + ], + [ + 81, + 89, + "MIS <> author" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1078, + "MIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The WSS unit will be tasked with ensuring coordination with the stakeholder agencies in designing climate-smart WSW interventions and their implementation at the utility and community levels. The MIS will ensure availability of the WSS sector data and monitor gender disaggregation of the utility workforce so that gender gaps in economic opportunities can be measured. The MIS data will lay the basis for development of national sectoral policies ( sectoral policies and monitoring reports content analysis ) and climate adaptation strategies.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS (Management Information System) is intended to collect and manage data related to the WSS sector, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "follows context relating to broader sector data management and policies" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System, which is primarily an infrastructure that stores and manages data for the Water Supply and Sanitation (WSS) sector. While the text states that 'the MIS will ensure availability of the WSS sector data', it does not explicitly describe 'MIS' as holding a standalone dataset but rather as a tool or framework that supports the collection and management of data. The confusion may arise because the accompanying context suggests that this system plays an important role in data availability and analysis. However, it lacks the characteristics of a concrete dataset, such as being frequently referenced as a source on its own. Instead, it\u2019s the system that aggregates or processes the data which may be pulled from various sources, rather than a distinct dataset itself. Thus, 'MIS' does not meet the criteria to be classified as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' does not constitute a dataset in this context because it is referred to as a management information system and not a specific collection of data. It functions as a tool for data management rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "These tools may advance the use of Kobo-toolbox platform for self - reporting purposes. The M & E specialists will be responsible for verification of the accuracy and timeliness of data entry and training of new staff, WASH-committed contractors, and other implementation partners on the use of the M & E system. The project M & E system will be, to the extent possible, integrated with the WSW MIS and allow gender disaggregation. 24. A key aspect of the results monitoring will be the consumer satisfaction surveys for water services and engagement processes. Consumer satisfaction surveys will be conducted every year for selected subprojects after the start of project implementation to assess satisfaction levels and measure attributable outcomes of the project. Surveys for the engagement processes will be conducted every year using various means of communication. Baseline surveys will be conducted in the first year of project implementation after effectiveness. At the same time, the project will continue relying on WASH - committee models adopted under the RWSSP to enable frequent community roundtables or forums with water users to inform them of the status of investments, seek their feedback regarding project implementation progress, and discuss any corrective action which was taken to address issues raised through the feedback process. Results of such meetings will be documented and reported through the regular M & E process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 35, + 56, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These tools may advance the use of Kobo-toolbox platform for self - reporting purposes. The M & E specialists will be responsible for verification of the accuracy and timeliness of data entry and training of new staff, WASH-committed contractors, and other implementation partners on the use of the M & E system.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "Kobo-toolbox is a platform used for data collection and management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a platform for data collection", + "described as a tool in a sentence about self-reporting purposes", + "not referenced as a direct source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Kobo-toolbox platform' is referred to as a tool utilized for self-reporting purposes rather than as a concrete, structured dataset. The phrase indicates that it is used to facilitate data collection and management activities, indicating it is an infrastructure or software platform rather than a specific collection of data points or records. The mention of M & E specialists and the associated responsibilities is focused more on operational aspects of data utilization and verification rather than the data itself. This distinction between the tool and its output is critical; while the model may have identified the term as significant due to its capitalized nature and association with data activities, it does not itself represent a dataset in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Kobo-toolbox platform' is a tool for data collection and management, not an actual dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "These tools may advance the use of Kobo-toolbox platform for self - reporting purposes. The M & E specialists will be responsible for verification of the accuracy and timeliness of data entry and training of new staff, WASH-committed contractors, and other implementation partners on the use of the M & E system. The project M & E system will be, to the extent possible, integrated with the WSW MIS and allow gender disaggregation. 24. A key aspect of the results monitoring will be the consumer satisfaction surveys for water services and engagement processes. Consumer satisfaction surveys will be conducted every year for selected subprojects after the start of project implementation to assess satisfaction levels and measure attributable outcomes of the project. Surveys for the engagement processes will be conducted every year using various means of communication. Baseline surveys will be conducted in the first year of project implementation after effectiveness. At the same time, the project will continue relying on WASH - committee models adopted under the RWSSP to enable frequent community roundtables or forums with water users to inform them of the status of investments, seek their feedback regarding project implementation progress, and discuss any corrective action which was taken to address issues raised through the feedback process. Results of such meetings will be documented and reported through the regular M & E process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 391, + 398, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The M & E specialists will be responsible for verification of the accuracy and timeliness of data entry and training of new staff, WASH-committed contractors, and other implementation partners on the use of the M & E system. The project M & E system will be, to the extent possible, integrated with the WSW MIS and allow gender disaggregation. 24.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "WSW MIS refers to a management information system, which is a tool or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of the M & E system", + "described as a management information system", + "indicates integration with a system rather than direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, WSW MIS is clearly positioned as a management information system that underpins the monitoring and evaluation (M & E) activities. The phrase 'integrated with the WSW MIS' suggests that it operates as a supporting structure rather than a concrete dataset. The context indicates a focus on system functionality and data entry training, solidifying its role as a framework rather than a direct data source. Even though the term might seem like a prominent entity deserving of a dataset label, it is important to differentiate between project names, systems, and actual datasets based on their described functions in these types of contexts. The confusion may arise because 'WSW MIS' is a proper name and the use of 'data' in the surrounding text can lead the model to incorrectly identify it as a dataset. In essence, while it has data-related implications, it does not serve directly as a structured collection of records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WSW MIS is not a dataset in this context; it is described more as a management information system supporting project functions rather than containing data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "022_Tajikistan-Water-Supply-and-Sanitation-Investment-Project", + "page": 70, + "text": "The World Bank Tajikistan Water Supply and Sanitation Investment Project ( P177325 ) Page 67 of 89 ` ` Table 1. 2. Results of the Baseline Survey Conducted under the RWSSP ( % ) Gender 6 \u2013 17 years 18 \u2013 24 years 25 \u2013 34 years 35 \u2013 44 years 45 \u2013 54 years 55 \u2013 64 years 65 years and Older Total Male 46 10 8 3 12 12 31 13 Female 54 90 92 97 88 88 69 87 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 26. Poor water quality also increases the risk of diarrhea and other waterborne diseases. Official statistics do not capture all the diarrhea cases in rural areas: only 58 percent of survey respondents reported visiting a health facility when they or their family members develop diarrhea, more than one - third of respondents preferred to self-medicate, and only 6 percent used traditional medicine. This is confirmed by the fact that 34 percent of respondents answered that they preferred home care ( treatment ), about 10 percent do not attach much importance to diarrhea, and 5 percent find it expensive to go to a health facility. Among other factors are the dissatisfaction with the health facilities or the remoteness of health facilities. The fact that many households defer to home-based treatment increases the time and emotional burden on mothers as the main caregivers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 130, + 145, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Baseline Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 572, + 590, + "Baseline Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1053, + 1095, + "Baseline Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Results of the Baseline Survey Conducted under the RWSSP ( % ) Gender 6 \u2013 17 years 18 \u2013 24 years 25 \u2013 34 years 35 \u2013 44 years 45 \u2013 54 years 55 \u2013 64 years 65 years and Older Total Male 46 10 8 3 12 12 31 13 Female 54 90 92 97 88 88 69 87 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 26. Poor water quality also increases the risk of diarrhea and other waterborne diseases.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Baseline Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered for analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'conducted under'", + "described as a survey that contains structured data", + "related to structured result outputs (percentages)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Baseline Survey' explicitly refers to a survey, which by definition involves a structured collection of data collected for analysis. The surrounding context indicates that the survey has results presented in a tabular format, suggesting that it is used for systematic data analysis. Although 'Baseline Survey' could also be interpreted as a project name or initiative, the phrasing here indicates that it directly relates to data collection and outcomes, emphasizing that it is functioning as a dataset. Potential confusion could stem from the fact that it has the characteristics of both a project and a dataset; however, the clear presentation of results strongly supports its identification as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Baseline Survey' behaves as a dataset here because it is explicitly related to a structured collection of data, with results presented in a clear format, heightening its identification as a dataset rather than solely a project." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "This will increase demand for water, raising the potential for conflict and 3 According to Ethiopia \u2019 s 2007 Census. 4 World Bank Poverty and Equity Brief for Ethiopia, October 2021. 5 As of May 11, 2022, Ethiopia had registered 470, 760 COVID cases and 7, 510 fatalities: https: / / covid19. who. int / region / afro / country / et 6 World Bank analysis suggests that the poverty headcount in the 23. 5th percentile ( the national poverty rate ) increased by 11. 2 percent and for the bottom 40th percentile by 7. 7 percent between 2018 / 19 and October 2020. Inequality is estimated to have increased, with the Gini coefficient rising to 42 in October / November 2020. See Christina Wieser et al ( 2021 ) \u201c Poverty projections and profiling based on Ethiopia \u2019 s High Frequency Phone Surveys of households using a SWIFT-COVID-19 package \u201d World Bank: Washington DC. 7 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan. https: / / www. wfp. org / countries / ethiopia", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 104, + 115, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This will increase demand for water, raising the potential for conflict and 3 According to Ethiopia \u2019 s 2007 Census. 4 World Bank Poverty and Equity Brief for Ethiopia, October 2021.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2007 Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "explicitly denotes a census as a source of demographic data", + "no other contextual mentions suggest it is a project or system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, '2007 Census' refers specifically to a census, which is a systematic collection of data, typically involving the enumeration of a population. Censuses are recognized as formal datasets due to their structured nature and the comprehensive demographic information they provide. The phrase 'According to Ethiopia's 2007 Census' indicates that this term is being used specifically as a source of data supporting the argument presented. Importantly, there are no cues suggesting it is a project or system, and it appears to refer directly to the data collected during that census year. The model might have been confused if the term was presented in a context suggesting it is part of a larger system or if it seemed to have a dual function (both data storage and project), but here it clearly operates as a dataset in a conventional sense.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2007 Census' is appropriately considered a dataset in this context because it directly represents a structured collection of demographic data, supported by an explicit reference as a source of information." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "This will increase demand for water, raising the potential for conflict and 3 According to Ethiopia \u2019 s 2007 Census. 4 World Bank Poverty and Equity Brief for Ethiopia, October 2021. 5 As of May 11, 2022, Ethiopia had registered 470, 760 COVID cases and 7, 510 fatalities: https: / / covid19. who. int / region / afro / country / et 6 World Bank analysis suggests that the poverty headcount in the 23. 5th percentile ( the national poverty rate ) increased by 11. 2 percent and for the bottom 40th percentile by 7. 7 percent between 2018 / 19 and October 2020. Inequality is estimated to have increased, with the Gini coefficient rising to 42 in October / November 2020. See Christina Wieser et al ( 2021 ) \u201c Poverty projections and profiling based on Ethiopia \u2019 s High Frequency Phone Surveys of households using a SWIFT-COVID-19 package \u201d World Bank: Washington DC. 7 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan. https: / / www. wfp. org / countries / ethiopia", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 816, + 830, + "named" + ], + [ + 91, + 99, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 119, + 129, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 159, + 167, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 177, + 181, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 335, + 345, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 533, + 542, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> reference year" + ], + [ + 555, + 559, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 675, + 697, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> author" + ], + [ + 765, + 793, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> data type" + ], + [ + 841, + 851, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 870, + 874, + "SWIFT-COVID-19 <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Inequality is estimated to have increased, with the Gini coefficient rising to 42 in October / November 2020. See Christina Wieser et al ( 2021 ) \u201c Poverty projections and profiling based on Ethiopia \u2019 s High Frequency Phone Surveys of households using a SWIFT-COVID-19 package \u201d World Bank: Washington DC. 7 2021 Humanitarian Response Plan.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "SWIFT-COVID-19 refers to a survey package used for analyzing household data during the COVID-19 pandemic, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a package for analyzing data", + "described as a tool rather than direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'SWIFT-COVID-19' is referred to as a 'package' for analyzing household data, which implies that it functions more as a methodology or framework for conducting analyses rather than being a concrete dataset itself. Phrases like 'based on Ethiopia\u2019s High Frequency Phone Surveys of households using a SWIFT-COVID-19 package' indicate that it supports the data analysis process but doesn't represent individual records or a standalone dataset. This distinction is critical because while it might house structured data, it is treated as an organizational tool for data interpretation rather than the data itself. The model might have confused 'SWIFT-COVID-19' as a dataset due to the format of the mention, resembling other data sources or entities labeled as datasets, and its capitalization suggesting a proper noun.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SWIFT-COVID-19' is not a dataset; it is a package used for analysis, referencing underlying survey data without being the primary source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Women have less access to secure livelihoods and are less likely to be paid for their work than men. A 2021 study found that by age 22, about 97 percent of men compared to 81 percent of women were active in the labor market. 18 In the agricultural sector, over half of women workers are unpaid, and in manufacturing this is 58 percent, compared to 40 percent of male workers. 19 Because women are less likely to own land, cultivate fewer crops and have less access to credit and extension services, women \u2019 s agricultural productivity is 36 percent less per hectare than their male counterparts. 20 The impacts of climate change and the conflict place even greater pressure on women \u2019 s already volatile livelihoods. 15. Prevailing gender-based violence ( GBV ) risks are elevated due to the conflict. According to the most recent Demographic and Health Survey ( 2016 ) for Ethiopia, 26 percent of women aged 15-49 have experienced physical or sexual violence. 21 The conflict exposes women to a range of GBV. 22 Although the government and humanitarian partners have increased support for GBV services, including 34 One-Stop Centers, accessibility remains limited. B. Sectoral and Institutional Context 16. Ethiopia is the third-largest refugee hosting country in Africa and the ninth largest worldwide.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 831, + 860, + "named" + ], + [ + 863, + 867, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 874, + 882, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 898, + 914, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1208, + 1216, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Prevailing gender-based violence ( GBV ) risks are elevated due to the conflict. According to the most recent Demographic and Health Survey ( 2016 ) for Ethiopia, 26 percent of women aged 15-49 have experienced physical or sexual violence. 21 The conflict exposes women to a range of GBV.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic factors.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as the most recent survey for Ethiopia", + "clearly represents structured data on health and demographic factors" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' is mentioned directly after 'according to', indicating that the upcoming information is based specifically on findings from this source. The phrase 'most recent Demographic and Health Survey (2016) for Ethiopia' indicates it is a structured collection of data focused on health indicators, particularly concerning gender-based violence among women. This context eliminates confusion about whether it serves as merely a project name or platform, suggesting it is indeed a concrete data source. Models could be confused in cases where similar names refer to broader initiatives or collections of surveys, but here the explicit linkage to health metrics makes it clear that it references an actual dataset rather than a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' is treated as a real dataset mention as it follows a phrase indicating use of data, is described in a way that emphasizes its specificity and credibility as a data source, particularly on health-related statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 37, + "text": "The World Bank Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project in the Horn of Africa Phase II ( P178047 ) Page 32 of 80 88. High rates of GBV nationally are likely to be worse in the project areas, as survivors from host and refugee communities often face challenges in accessing care. The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 reported having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 60 Experience of IPV is particularly pronounced. More than one-third of women ( 34 percent ) have experienced some form of spousal violence \u2013 physical, sexual, or emotional. The survey found that acceptability of use of violence at home was high, with 63 percent of women and 28 percent of men believing that wife beating was justified for at least one specified reason. The DHS also showed that help-seeking behavior of GBV survivors was limited \u2013 only 23 percent of women who experienced GBV sought help, while 66 percent of women neither sought help nor told anyone about their experience. DRDIP offers additional resources to prevent and respond to GBV, which is among the major protection risks preventing women from actively engaging in development processes and pursuing livelihood opportunities. 89.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 300, + 338, + "named" + ], + [ + 295, + 299, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 300, + 308, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 380, + 399, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1387, + 1405, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "High rates of GBV nationally are likely to be worse in the project areas, as survivors from host and refugee communities often face challenges in accessing care. The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 reported having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 60 Experience of IPV is particularly pronounced.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'indicates that'", + "clearly describes survey data", + "referenced with specific statistics and indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' refers to a specific data source that provides structured statistical information regarding demographic and health indicators in Ethiopia. The phrase is used after 'indicates that,' which signals that the survey's findings are being referenced directly to support claims about gender-based violence. This usage aligns with standard conventions for citing datasets in research. The model might have been confused if it treated the term as just a project name, but the explicit reference to survey findings underscores its role as a dataset. Alternatively, if this phrase had appeared without such a reference or if it was described as part of a management system or project without clear data implications, it could have been misclassified. Here, because it is used to substantiate statistical information, it's appropriately categorized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of the 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is indeed treated as a dataset here because it is cited in conjunction with specific statistical findings and used to support demographic and health-related claims." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 37, + "text": "Low representation and influence of women on local decision-making bodies Under subcomponent 1 ( c ): new activities in Phase II \u2022 Training program for 12, 000 women to support female leadership in project community committees. \u2022 Community outreach to promote women \u2019 s voice and leadership in decision-making at the community level. \u2022 40 % target for women \u2019 s representation in community committees ( up from 37 % in Phase I ). \u2022 30 % target for women \u2019 s leadership in local committees ( new in Phase II ). \u2022 12, 000 women to be trained in female-only leadership program. High incidence of GBV and lack of access to quality services to respond to the needs of GBV survivors Under Component 1: new activities in Phase II \u2022 Appoint and train 120 GBV focal persons \u2022 GBV training for project staff, officials, and contractors \u2022 GBV awareness-raising and prevention campaigns, working with NGOs, officials and schools \u2022 Connect project implementing agencies with referral pathways for survivor-centered services \u2022 Safety audits / consultations with women to inform design and placement of infrastructure Under subcomponent 2 ( b ) \u2022 Focus on renewable energy sources to decrease dependence on firewood \u2022 Community planning committees and project implementers connected with referral pathways for GBV survivors via other WB operations \u2022 Design of supportive infrastructure informed by consultations with women or women \u2019 s groups \u2022 Number of women with access to renewable energy sources 60 Central Statistical Agency ( CSA ) [ Ethiopia ] and ICF. 2016. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016: Key Indicators Report. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Rockville, Maryland, USA. CSA and ICF.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1552, + 1590, + "named" + ], + [ + 1489, + 1515, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1518, + 1521, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1541, + 1544, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1546, + 1550, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1552, + 1560, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1591, + 1595, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1620, + 1641, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1673, + 1676, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1681, + 1684, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2016. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016: Key Indicators Report. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Rockville, Maryland, USA.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "specific report titled as a survey which implies data collection", + "named explicitly as a key indicators report that suggests data has been collected and analyzed", + "correlates with established methodologies in demographic and health research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is directly associated with a structured survey designed to gather data on demographic and health indicators in Ethiopia. The mention of a key indicators report strongly suggests that this is an organized dataset reflecting statistical measures. While the name could imply a project or program, the context heavily leans towards it being treated as a dataset due to its explicit labeling as a survey and the fact that it\u2019s referenced as a report that likely contains analyzed data. A model could easily misinterpret this as a project because of how survey names are often formatted similarly to project or system titles, but in this instance, the context is sufficiently clear to denote that it serves as a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is clearly defined within the context as a source of structured data reflecting demographic and health indicators, justifying its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project in the Horn of Africa Phase II ( P178047 ) Page 38 of 80 114. Progress monitoring. The main tool for monitoring progress will be recording information / data from various levels ( kebele, woreda, Region and Federal ) relating to implementation progress through the existing robust project M & E system. The M & E manual will be updated with new reporting templates. The PCU will submit quarterly reports and an Annual Report to the Steering Committee and the World Bank. 115. Remote monitoring approaches. COVID-19 and / or insecurity are likely to continue to limit the scope of field monitoring. To address this gap, the project will utilize remote monitoring approaches, including a scale-up of the application of GEMS. IBM will also be introduced for Phase II to gather feedback through phone-based surveys of a large sample of beneficiaries on implementation bottlenecks to allow for real-time course correction. 116. Community participatory monitoring. Participatory monitoring at the kebele level will include community-friendly tools to enhance the transparency of community level institutions. The main tools to be used are display boards, benefit tracking matrices, social audit committees and monthly community meetings. 117. Evaluation of outcomes and impacts. Progress towards achievement of PDO will be evaluated through a baseline study and mid-term and end-of-project reviews.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 785, + 789, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "COVID-19 and / or insecurity are likely to continue to limit the scope of field monitoring. To address this gap, the project will utilize remote monitoring approaches, including a scale-up of the application of GEMS. IBM will also be introduced for Phase II to gather feedback through phone-based surveys of a large sample of beneficiaries on implementation bottlenecks to allow for real-time course correction.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a tool used for monitoring and gathering feedback, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for monitoring", + "not described as a structured collection of data", + "clarified its role in the context around feedback gathering", + "project application rather than a comprehensive data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is referenced as a tool or approach used in monitoring, not as a standalone dataset or a formal collection of structured data. The phrasing 'utilize remote monitoring approaches' and 'application of GEMS' indicates that GEMS is functioning as a supportive tool rather than as an entity from which concrete datasets are derived. The text does not mention 'GEMS' in a way that aligns with typical dataset characteristics; instead, it emphasizes its role in facilitating monitoring and feedback collection. A potential confusion factor for models could arise from the capitalization and its mention in a context that might imply data gathering, yet it does not meet the criteria for a dataset by failing to explicitly identify it as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is identified as a tool for monitoring rather than a specific dataset; its functions do not provide structured data or serve as a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "Land is the terrestrial biologically productive system Quarterly Quarterly progress reports, Routine data collection / GEMS PCUs", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 119, + 123, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Land is the terrestrial biologically productive system Quarterly Quarterly progress reports, Routine data collection / GEMS PCUs", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a program related to land and data collection, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside 'data collection'", + "not explicitly described as a source of structured data", + "appears in the context of progress reports and routines without a direct reference to dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' appears to refer to a program or system related to data collection rather than a specific structured dataset. The phrase 'Routine data collection / GEMS PCUs' suggests GEMS may serve as an organizational or operational framework, possibly involving data collection processes. However, the absence of explicit references to GEMS as a data source, such as 'uses data from GEMS' or mention of records, statistics, or indicators specific to GEMS, indicates that it is not functioning as a dataset in this context. Additionally, while 'GEMS' could imply a structured entity due to its capitalization, it is more likely a management information system or project name. The model might have misinterpreted it as a dataset capture due to its position and name-like quality, leading to confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is not treated as a dataset here because it is referenced in the context of data collection and routine management rather than as a source of structured data records." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 72, + "text": "Quarterly Quarterly progress reports Routine data collection / GEMS PCU Percentage of host and refugee community members who believe their relationship has improved as a result of This indicator measures the percentage of project host and refuge beneficiaries Baseline, mid-term and HH survey report HH survey PCU, supported by external consulting firm", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 63, + 67, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Quarterly Quarterly progress reports Routine data collection / GEMS PCU Percentage of host and refugee community members who believe their relationship has improved as a result of This indicator measures the percentage of project host and refuge beneficiaries Baseline, mid-term and HH survey report HH survey PCU, supported by external consulting firm", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a program or initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in connection with project progress reports", + "described within the context of a project rather than a data source", + "does not contain indicators that would suggest it is a dataset", + "GEMS is likely referring to a program or initiative" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GEMS appears primarily aligned with project management rather than presenting itself as a structured collection of data or a dataset. The terms surrounding GEMS indicate it's part of a broader project framework, as evidenced by phrases like 'Quarterly progress reports' and references to indicators related to project beneficiaries. The language suggests that GEMS encompasses the overall project activities rather than just data collections. There may be confusion for models because GEMS is capitalized and could be interpreted as a named entity that might be thought to house data, especially given its connection to 'data collection'. However, without explicit references indicating that GEMS serves as a repository of structured data, it is more accurately depicted as an initiative rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is not a dataset in this context; it is linked to a project initiative and serves as a framework for tracking project indicators rather than being a distinct collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "023_Ethiopia-Second-Phase-Development-Response-to-Displacement-Impacts-Project-in-the-Horn-of-Africa-Project", + "page": 84, + "text": "The World Bank Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project in the Horn of Africa Phase II ( P178047 ) Page 79 of 80 through STEP document reviews and participation of procurement specialists in bi-annual implementation support missions. 45. The table below presents the focus of the implementation support and the skills required. Table 1. 1: Implementation support and skills required Time Focus Main Skills Needed Resource Estimate ( SW ) Partner Role First twelve months \u2022 Build understanding of the governing procurement framework ( rules and procedures ) and ESF \u2022 Support capacities in new region and woredas \u2022 Establish remote monitoring tools ( GEMS, IBM, TPM ) \u2022 Support baseline survey Task management / social dev ( Nairobi-based ) 4 UNHCR and partners to support monitoring of ongoing adequacy of the refugee protection framework Agriculture / rural dev / task management ( CO-based ) 8 Forced displacement 2 Rural livelihood ( CO-based ) 5 FM ( CO-based ) 3 Procurement ( CO-based ) 3 ESS ( CO-based ) 6 M & E ( CO-based ) 8 Rural infra engineer ( CO-based ) 4 NRM specialist ( CO-based ) 4 Small-scale irrigation specialist ( CO-based ) 10 12-48 months \u2022 Joint ISMs with government and UNHCR to monitor implementation performance \u2022 Review of annual work / financial plans \u2022 Review of quarterly / annual reports \u2022 Review of audits / IFRs \u2022 Review subproject selection processes \u2022 Process review on participatory development planning", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 662, + 666, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 1. 1: Implementation support and skills required Time Focus Main Skills Needed Resource Estimate ( SW ) Partner Role First twelve months \u2022 Build understanding of the governing procurement framework ( rules and procedures ) and ESF \u2022 Support capacities in new region and woredas \u2022 Establish remote monitoring tools ( GEMS, IBM, TPM ) \u2022 Support baseline survey Task management / social dev ( Nairobi-based ) 4 UNHCR and partners to support monitoring of ongoing adequacy of the refugee protection framework Agriculture / rural dev / task management ( CO-based ) 8 Forced displacement 2 Rural livelihood ( CO-based ) 5 FM ( CO-based ) 3 Procurement ( CO-based ) 3 ESS ( CO-based ) 6 M & E ( CO-based ) 8 Rural infra engineer ( CO-based ) 4 NRM specialist ( CO-based ) 4 Small-scale irrigation specialist ( CO-based ) 10 12-48 months \u2022 Joint ISMs with government and UNHCR to monitor implementation performance \u2022 Review of annual work / financial plans \u2022 Review of quarterly / annual reports \u2022 Review of audits / IFRs \u2022 Review subproject selection processes \u2022 Process review on participatory development planning", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a tool for monitoring and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other tools (IBM, TPM)", + "described in the context of implementation support, not data sources", + "not explicitly referred to as containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is referenced among other tools used for monitoring, which suggests it serves as an operational aid rather than a structured dataset in itself. The mention is descriptive of the roles and functions necessary for project implementation and lacks a direct tie to a collection of structured records or a database. The model may have been confused because 'GEMS' is capitalized and appears in a context relating to support and monitoring, which are often associated with data management systems. However, there's no explicit phrasing indicating that it serves as a source of data. It's most appropriate to view GEMS as a monitoring tool rather than a dataset, as it is not characterized as holding or processing data in a way typically reserved for datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is presented as a monitoring tool in a list of resources needed for project implementation, not as a dataset or data source containing structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 3, + "text": "PIT Project Implementation Team PO Production officers POM Program Operations Manual PPDA Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets PPP Private-Public Partnership PPSD Project Procurement Strategy for Development PSC Project Steering Committee PSFU Private Sector Foundation Uganda PTC Project Technical Committee RHD Refugee-Hosting District SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SORT Systematic Operations Risk-rating Tool STEP Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics UGGDS Uganda Green Growth Development Strategy UIA Uganda Investment Authority UIRI Uganda Industrial Research Institute UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHS Uganda National Household Survey UEW Unsafe Environment for Women UWEP Uganda Women Entrepreneurship Program VSLAs Village Savings and Loans Associations WEE Women \u2019 s Economic Empowerment WHR Window for Host Communities and Refugees", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 693, + 725, + "named" + ], + [ + 282, + 288, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 521, + 527, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PIT Project Implementation Team PO Production officers POM Program Operations Manual PPDA Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets PPP Private-Public Partnership PPSD Project Procurement Strategy for Development PSC Project Steering Committee PSFU Private Sector Foundation Uganda PTC Project Technical Committee RHD Refugee-Hosting District SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SORT Systematic Operations Risk-rating Tool STEP Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics UGGDS Uganda Green Growth Development Strategy UIA Uganda Investment Authority UIRI Uganda Industrial Research Institute UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNHS Uganda National Household Survey UEW Unsafe Environment for Women UWEP Uganda Women Entrepreneurship Program VSLAs Village Savings and Loans Associations WEE Women \u2019 s Economic Empowerment WHR Window for Host Communities and Refugees", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a structured collection of data regarding household conditions", + "followed by other clearly named programs and strategies." + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Uganda National Household Survey' is clearly recognized as a dataset rather than just a project or system. This is because it has specific attributes, such as being a structured collection of data explicitly used for assessing household conditions in Uganda. The surrounding list includes various programs and strategies, and the term's mention alongside other recognized datasets strengthens its classification. Despite there being many acronyms and context that could lead to some confusion, 'Uganda National Household Survey' is widely understood in academic and statistical contexts to refer to actual data collected about households, rather than an information system or project name. Therefore, the previous evaluation as a dataset appears to be accurate and justified.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Uganda National Household Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it refers explicitly to structured data collected for analysis regarding households, fitting the role of a recognized and specific data source." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "Under a baseline scenario, real GDP is expected to grow by around 3. 5-4. 0 percent in fiscal 2022 and about 5. 5 percent in fiscal 2023. Considering large global and domestic uncertainties, such as oil and food price shocks exacerbated by the war in Ukraine, the recovery could be slower. 2. The COVID-19 shock has been accompanied by increases in poverty and unemployment. According to the latest Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ), although overall poverty in 2019 / 20 ( 20. 3 percent ) was slightly lower than in 2016 / 17 ( 21. 4 percent ), poverty in the COVID-19 period was significantly higher than in the pre-COVID-19 period. 1 It increased to 21. 9 percent during the first COVID-19 wave. Rising unemployment and work stoppages have pushed many Ugandans, especially women, back into subsistence agriculture, setting back achievement of the country \u2019 s development goal of reducing the share of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture as a main source of livelihood from 69 to 55 percent between 2020 / 21 and 2024 / 25. 2 3. Uganda is experiencing accelerating impacts from climate change that affect livelihoods in key sectors. Rising temperatures and variability in rainfall is producing more intense and longer lasting droughts as well as more frequent, heavy precipitation events leading to flooding and landslides.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 399, + 431, + "named" + ], + [ + 399, + 405, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 470, + 479, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 525, + 534, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 763, + 771, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1055, + 1061, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The COVID-19 shock has been accompanied by increases in poverty and unemployment. According to the latest Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ), although overall poverty in 2019 / 20 ( 20. 3 percent ) was slightly lower than in 2016 / 17 ( 21.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze household conditions, including poverty and employment statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to' indicating it provides data for the analysis", + "specifically named and recognized as a survey", + "described in the context of providing statistics (e.g., poverty and unemployment)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Uganda National Household Survey is explicitly identified after the phrase 'According to', which suggests it serves as a primary source of information or data for the analysis being discussed. The use of 'latest' indicates it is being treated as a reliable and recent dataset. Additionally, the survey is referred to in relation to specific statistical outcomes (like poverty rates), which cements its role as a concrete data source rather than just a project or system. Although it could be construed as a management information system from its name, the direct usage in the context of statistical reporting signals its function as a dataset in this instance. It is clear that it contains structured collectives of records related to households rather than being merely an abstract tool or platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Uganda National Household Survey is treated as a dataset here because it is used as a direct reference for current poverty and employment statistics, explicitly following a phrase that indicates it provides data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "These vulnerabilities are heightened given the economy \u2019 s strong reliance on climate-sensitive sectors like agriculture and tourism. While women are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, given their reliance on subsistence agriculture, they are also active in safeguarding resources such as water, giving them important roles in protecting the environment. 4. Supporting women \u2019 s entrepreneurship holds a critical place in Uganda \u2019 s efforts to revive its economy. Currently, women are less likely than men to be paid employees ( 13 percent of women compared with 23 percent of men ), and more likely to be self-employed ( 80 percent compared to men \u2019 s 70 percent ). 3 In this context, promoting ways for women to grow and expand their businesses is a good option to promote economic recovery. Micro, small, and medium enterprises ( MSMEs ) created within the past five years now generate over 50 percent of formal jobs, and household enterprises provide employment for another 3. 1 million households. 4 Furthermore, women are particularly vulnerable 1 The Uganda Bureau of Statistics ( UBOS ) has recently announced poverty rates based on the UNHS 2019 / 2020. The data for this survey was collected in two periods with a break during the strictest lockdown period between March \u2013 June 2020. The first data collection period started in September 2019 and ended in February 2020, then it resumed in July 2020 and ended in November 2020. 2 Government of Uganda ( 2020 ), Third National Development Plan ( NDP III ). 3 GoU 2018. National Labour Force Survey. 4 World Bank. 2019. \u201c Uganda Jobs Strategy for Inclusive Growth. \u201d", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1168, + 1172, + "named" + ], + [ + 445, + 451, + "UNHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1081, + 1108, + "UNHS <> author" + ], + [ + 1141, + 1154, + "UNHS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1173, + 1184, + "UNHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1361, + 1375, + "UNHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1389, + 1402, + "UNHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1423, + 1432, + "UNHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1603, + 1609, + "UNHS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 million households. 4 Furthermore, women are particularly vulnerable 1 The Uganda Bureau of Statistics ( UBOS ) has recently announced poverty rates based on the UNHS 2019 / 2020. The data for this survey was collected in two periods with a break during the strictest lockdown period between March \u2013 June 2020.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UNHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey, specifically aimed at assessing household conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described in the context of poverty rates", + "implies a structured survey data set" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'UNHS' refers explicitly to the Uganda National Household Survey, which is indicated to be the source of data used to report on poverty rates. It is presented in a factual manner, suggesting it functions as a dataset because it encompasses structured data collected through a systematic survey. The mention of the Uganda Bureau of Statistics highlights its authoritative role in producing credible data, reinforcing that this term refers to a specific data collection effort rather than a vague project name or infrastructure. Although the UNHS could potentially be considered a project or system for data collection, it is clearly being referenced as a data source in this empirical context, confirming its role as a dataset. The confusion for the extraction model may arise because 'UNHS' appears as a proper name and could be misinterpreted as a broader project or initiative, but its contextual use overrides this ambiguity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UNHS' clearly refers to the Uganda National Household Survey as a dataset, as it is used as the source of poverty rate data, indicating it is a structured data set." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "These vulnerabilities are heightened given the economy \u2019 s strong reliance on climate-sensitive sectors like agriculture and tourism. While women are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, given their reliance on subsistence agriculture, they are also active in safeguarding resources such as water, giving them important roles in protecting the environment. 4. Supporting women \u2019 s entrepreneurship holds a critical place in Uganda \u2019 s efforts to revive its economy. Currently, women are less likely than men to be paid employees ( 13 percent of women compared with 23 percent of men ), and more likely to be self-employed ( 80 percent compared to men \u2019 s 70 percent ). 3 In this context, promoting ways for women to grow and expand their businesses is a good option to promote economic recovery. Micro, small, and medium enterprises ( MSMEs ) created within the past five years now generate over 50 percent of formal jobs, and household enterprises provide employment for another 3. 1 million households. 4 Furthermore, women are particularly vulnerable 1 The Uganda Bureau of Statistics ( UBOS ) has recently announced poverty rates based on the UNHS 2019 / 2020. The data for this survey was collected in two periods with a break during the strictest lockdown period between March \u2013 June 2020. The first data collection period started in September 2019 and ended in February 2020, then it resumed in July 2020 and ended in November 2020. 2 Government of Uganda ( 2020 ), Third National Development Plan ( NDP III ). 3 GoU 2018. National Labour Force Survey. 4 World Bank. 2019. \u201c Uganda Jobs Strategy for Inclusive Growth. \u201d", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1551, + 1579, + "named" + ], + [ + 1545, + 1549, + "National Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 GoU 2018. National Labour Force Survey. 4 World Bank.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Labour Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor market conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows '3 GoU 2018.' which implies context of data collection", + "named explicitly, indicating it is a formalized survey", + "listed alongside 'World Bank', suggesting it is part of a credible data framework" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Labour Force Survey' is clearly indicated as something used for empirical analysis (following the notation of '3 GoU 2018'). The format of the text suggests it is part of a structured presentation, likely within a report or listing of data sources. The model likely identified it as a dataset due to its formal naming and placement in context; it looks like an established dataset because surveys are typically designed to contain structured data collected over time. However, confusion could arise if someone viewed it as akin to a program or initiative rather than the output of that program. Here, we see it explicitly treated as a source for data, establishing it as more than just a project name or system. The evidence aligns strongly with it being a dataset rather than a tool or infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Labour Force Survey is referenced as a structured survey used for data analysis, clearly indicating that it is a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "They employ nearly 2. 5 million people, 90 percent of all private sector employees, produce 80 percent of manufactured products, and generate 20 percent of GDP. 12 8. Yet most women-led firms never grow past the micro level, while male-owned firms are twice as likely to move from micro to small size. Estimates from various surveys suggest that 80 \u2013 94 percent of all women-owned firms in Uganda 5 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) and the Office of the Prime Minister ( OPM ). 2022. Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Poral. 6 Host community numbers are UNHCR and OPM figures based on projected UBOS 2020 census data for women aged 20-59. 7 World Bank. 2019 Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda: Results from the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey ( English ). Washington, DC: World Bank. 8 World Bank. 2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High-Frequency Phone - Third Round. World Bank, Washington, DC. World Bank. 9 High-Frequency Phone Survey - Third Round. 2021. 10 Understood as firms in which at least 51 percent of shares are owned by women. 11 2021. Rapid Profiling of the Socioeconomic Dimensions of Female Entrepreneurs in Uganda. GROW Preparation, October 2021. 12 Financial inclusion and the growth of small medium enterprises in Uganda: empirical evidence from selected districts in Lango subregion. J Innov Entrep 10, 23 ( 2021 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 751, + 808, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 World Bank. 2019 Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda: Results from the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey ( English ). Washington, DC: World Bank.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a household survey focused on refugees and host communities in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside a known source (World Bank report)", + "referred to as a survey producing results", + "implies collection of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey' is explicitly mentioned in the context of a World Bank report which evaluates the policy response based on the findings from the survey, suggesting it directly produces a structured collection of data. The term behaves like a dataset because it is associated with a particular study that collected data on household conditions of refugees and host communities, which indicates it involves empirical data collection intended for analysis. Although it contains elements that could resemble a project or system due to its formal naming, it is specifically referred to as a survey with identifiable results, which clarifies its role as a dataset rather than merely a management system or informational platform. Thus, despite the cautious nature of the model, the evidence leans firmly towards it being a legitimate dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is clearly associated with structured data collection from a specific survey that informs a World Bank report." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "They employ nearly 2. 5 million people, 90 percent of all private sector employees, produce 80 percent of manufactured products, and generate 20 percent of GDP. 12 8. Yet most women-led firms never grow past the micro level, while male-owned firms are twice as likely to move from micro to small size. Estimates from various surveys suggest that 80 \u2013 94 percent of all women-owned firms in Uganda 5 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) and the Office of the Prime Minister ( OPM ). 2022. Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Poral. 6 Host community numbers are UNHCR and OPM figures based on projected UBOS 2020 census data for women aged 20-59. 7 World Bank. 2019 Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda: Results from the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey ( English ). Washington, DC: World Bank. 8 World Bank. 2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High-Frequency Phone - Third Round. World Bank, Washington, DC. World Bank. 9 High-Frequency Phone Survey - Third Round. 2021. 10 Understood as firms in which at least 51 percent of shares are owned by women. 11 2021. Rapid Profiling of the Socioeconomic Dimensions of Female Entrepreneurs in Uganda. GROW Preparation, October 2021. 12 Financial inclusion and the growth of small medium enterprises in Uganda: empirical evidence from selected districts in Lango subregion. J Innov Entrep 10, 23 ( 2021 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 961, + 995, + "named" + ], + [ + 390, + 396, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 447, + 452, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> author" + ], + [ + 581, + 586, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> author" + ], + [ + 648, + 664, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> reference population" + ], + [ + 668, + 678, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publisher" + ], + [ + 726, + 732, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 751, + 757, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 838, + 848, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publisher" + ], + [ + 852, + 862, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publisher" + ], + [ + 864, + 868, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publication year" + ], + [ + 936, + 942, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 997, + 1007, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1025, + 1035, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1254, + 1260, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1288, + 1292, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1363, + 1369, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1417, + 1432, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1481, + 1499, + "High-Frequency Phone - Third Round <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High-Frequency Phone - Third Round. World Bank, Washington, DC.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey, specifically focusing on the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 on refugees in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Results from'", + "described in the context of a specific study", + "directly related to the collection of socioeconomic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'High-Frequency Phone - Third Round' is indeed being referred to as a dataset, as it explicitly indicates a structured collection of data gathered during a specific round of monitoring. The phrase 'Results from' implies that the term is presenting data outcomes from the monitoring initiative. Although it may seem like a project name, it clearly relates to data that has been collected for analysis on the socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19, suggesting it is a dataset. The possible confusion arises from its name \u2014 it sounds like a project or tool, but the context provided clarifies its role as a source of data rather than just an overarching project or system that houses the data. This specific phrasing leads to a clearer identification of it as a dataset in this setting and reinforces the notion of its empirical value in research outputs.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'High-Frequency Phone - Third Round' refers to a specific structured dataset resulting from a survey on socioeconomic impacts, making it a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Few training courses address the specific challenges of formalizing a business, including meeting tax obligations, preparing proper records, fulfilling reporting requirements, and obtaining licenses. Training tends to focus on limited topics, such as financial or computer literacy, but leaves out training in life skills and support for network. Yet, global evidence demonstrates that developing socio - emotional skills, through psychology-based trainings, are as important to enterprise success as strengthening business skills. 25 Finally, many business development services continue to train women for sectors where women-owned firms are over-represented, such as small trade or food service, rather than where they could diversify their business and earn higher profits. 19 Delecourt, S. and Fitzpatrick, A. 2021. \u201c Childcare Matters: Female Business Owners and the Baby-Profit Gap. \u201d Management Science, Vol, 67, No. 7. May 13. 20 Uganda Bureau of Statistics ( 2021 ). Uganda Violence Against Women and Girls Survey 2020. Uganda Bureau of Statics. Kampala, Uganda. This survey was designed as part of the UNHS and drew from UNHS samples which are nationally representative. 21 World Health Organization ( 2021 ). Violence against women prevalence estimates, 2018: global, regional and national prevalence estimates for intimate partner violence against women and global and regional prevalence estimates for non-partner sexual violence against women. Geneva: World Health Organization. 22 World Bank ( 2019 ). Profiting from Parity: Unlocking the Potential of Women \u2019 s Business in Africa. Washington, D. C.: World Bank. 23 Campos et al. 2015. 24 World Bank, 2022. Breaking Barriers: Female Entrepreneurs Who Cross Over to Male-Dominated Sectors. Washington, D. C.: World Bank. 25 Campos, F., Frese, M., Goldstein, M., Iacovone, L., Johnson, H. C., McKenzie, D., and Mensmann, M. 2017. \u201c Teaching personal initiative beats traditional training in boosting small business in West Africa. \u201d Science, 357 ( 6357 ), 1287-1290.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 976, + 1027, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "20 Uganda Bureau of Statistics ( 2021 ). Uganda Violence Against Women and Girls Survey 2020. Uganda Bureau of Statics.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This is a structured collection of data designed to gather information on violence against women and girls in Uganda, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Uganda Bureau of Statistics (2021)' indicating an official source", + "highlighted term clearly denotes a survey", + "noted explicitly as 'Survey' suggesting structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Uganda Violence Against Women and Girls Survey 2020' is indeed treated as a dataset because it corresponds directly to a survey conducted by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. The use of the term 'Survey' typically indicates a structured collection of data aimed at obtaining measurable information on a specific topic. Furthermore, the reference to an institutional source (Uganda Bureau of Statistics) bolsters its credibility as a data source. The model might have initially confused it with a project name or system that stores data since it is capitalized and could sound like a program aimed at addressing an issue like violence against women and girls. However, the explicit designation as a 'Survey' clarifies its role as a dataset. Thus, this term is properly categorized as a dataset within this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is a dataset because it specifically refers to a formal survey collecting data on violence against women and girls, as indicated by its title and association with a reputable statistics organization." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "On the supply side, despite being well capitalized and profitable, the microfinance institutions ( MFIs ) and finance institutions ( a ) focus on collateral-based lending instead of cashflow-based financing, ( b ) face regulatory constraints in financing micro and small enterprises, and ( c ) incur high costs of lending and monitoring relative to the size of loans. To unlock the flow of finance required by women entrepreneurs to scale their enterprises, the systemic barriers that MFIs and financial institutions face need to be addressed. It is an imperative that GROW, in partnership with the Private Sector Foundation Uganda ( PFSU ), works with a limited pool of motivated local financial intermediaries that that see women entrepreneurs as core to their future client base. 17. Lack of access to infrastructure \u2014 particularly infrastructure that accommodates women \u2019 s needs \u2014 is one of the biggest obstacles preventing women-owned MSMEs from growing their businesses. The Uganda Enterprise Survey for 2014 found that infrastructure was the most important constraint, with 33. 4 percent of firms ranking it as the biggest obstacle. 26 This includes poor road and transport infrastructure, poorly maintained markets and trading centers, and unreliable electricity and internet services, among others.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 982, + 1006, + "named" + ], + [ + 982, + 988, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1011, + 1015, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1196, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1198, + 1243, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1249, + 1293, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Lack of access to infrastructure \u2014 particularly infrastructure that accommodates women \u2019 s needs \u2014 is one of the biggest obstacles preventing women-owned MSMEs from growing their businesses. The Uganda Enterprise Survey for 2014 found that infrastructure was the most important constraint, with 33. 4 percent of firms ranking it as the biggest obstacle.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze the constraints faced by firms, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "directly refers to a survey that collects data", + "describes findings quantified from the survey", + "context implies analysis based on structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Uganda Enterprise Survey' seems to refer to a structured collection of data derived from surveys conducted with businesses in Uganda, specifically examining the challenges they face. The text discusses findings based on this survey, which suggests that it is being used as an empirical data source. The mention of percentages and constraints implies that the survey results are comprised of measurable data. Furthermore, the survey is characterized by its role in analyzing issues for a specific demographic (women-owned MSMEs), indicating it is more than just a project or program, but rather a formal dataset generated from systematic data collection efforts. The potential confusion for models may stem from the term 'survey', which can sometimes be seen as a process rather than a concrete dataset, but due to its application in this context as a source of data for statistical findings, it supports the classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Uganda Enterprise Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to structured data collected from businesses, which is used to derive specific findings and statistics, thereby meeting the criteria for a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Lack of local language proficiency; unregulated informal labor environments; limited access to arable land, inputs, and information for farming or to support climate resilient agriculture; and insufficient and unsuitable education and work experience all create barriers to refugees \u2019 integration into the labor market. 29 Ownership and use of a bank account in Uganda in 2017 stood at 66. 1 percent for men and 52. 7 percent for women. 30 by contrast, access to financial services for refugees is limited, particularly in the West Nile region, where only one in five refugee households have a loan and less 26 Uganda Enterprise Survey. 2014. 27 Oxfam ( 2016 ), Factors and Norms Influencing Unpaid Care Work: Household Survey Evidence from Five Rural Communities in Colombia, Ethiopia, the Philippines, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. 28 Government of Uganda ( 2020 ), National Child Policy, p 19. 29 World Bank. 2020. Uganda Market Solutions for Forced Displacement. Economic Opportunities for Host Communities and Refugees. 30 Global Findex indicators, 2017.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 611, + 635, + "named" + ], + [ + 362, + 368, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 372, + 376, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 527, + 543, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 611, + 617, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 804, + 810, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 892, + 902, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 910, + 916, + "Uganda Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 percent for women. 30 by contrast, access to financial services for refugees is limited, particularly in the West Nile region, where only one in five refugee households have a loan and less 26 Uganda Enterprise Survey. 2014.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding enterprises in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of financial services data", + "described as a collection of data", + "appears in a statistical discussion about refugees", + "there's an assumption of data collection regarding enterprises" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda Enterprise Survey' is presented in a discussion about access to financial services and the challenges faced by specific population groups, particularly refugees. The phrasing suggests it's referring to a structured collection of data: 'only one in five refugee households have a loan and less 26 Uganda Enterprise Survey.' This implies that the survey provides quantitative data used to analyze economic access points, like financial services. The context here leans heavily towards it being a dataset because it is treated as a source of relevant data rather than simply a project name or management system. A model might have been confused due to potential overlap between it being seen as a project or study, and how that information could be interpreted as infrastructure rather than data itself if considered in isolation. However, given that it's used in a statistical evaluation directly correlating it with quantifiable data outcomes, it's reasonable to conclude that it is indeed treated as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Uganda Enterprise Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as a structured collection of data essential for analyzing financial service access in Uganda, aligning with the overall discourse on data-driven insights." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 21, + "text": "The platform will serve as the foundation for engaging communities, identifying beneficiaries, and encouraging women entrepreneurs to participate in various activities supported under the project in an integrated manner. A particular area of focus will be linking women entrepreneurs to trainings on climate resilient livelihoods and Green, Resilient, Inclusive Development approaches. To reach refugee women, local platform chapters in refugee settlements or between refugees and host communities in RHDs will be created or existing ones strengthened. The local platform chapters will encourage membership / participation of emerging and established women business leaders to serve as role models for newly established and young women entrepreneurs and provide spaces and opportunities for women entrepreneurs to enhance their voice and agency in legal and policy processes. For refugees, the local platform chapters will target specific barriers to voice and agency ( such as language and specific cultural norms ) and the additional barriers women refugees have to business information ( such as lack of access to formal business channels, mentors, and inputs ). This subcomponent implementation is aligned to the PDM Pillar 5: Community Mobilization and Mindset Change. 35. The subcomponent will finance: ( a ) mobilization costs for the establishment of local platform chapters ( 20 \u2013 25 women per platform ); ( b ) establishment of a digital platform for women entrepreneurs and its linkage to other existing 34 The poverty incidence ( headcount ratio ) figures are based on the Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ) 2019 / 2020.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1585, + 1617, + "named" + ], + [ + 1585, + 1591, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1627, + 1638, + "Uganda National Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "35. The subcomponent will finance: ( a ) mobilization costs for the establishment of local platform chapters ( 20 \u2013 25 women per platform ); ( b ) establishment of a digital platform for women entrepreneurs and its linkage to other existing 34 The poverty incidence ( headcount ratio ) figures are based on the Uganda National Household Survey ( UNHS ) 2019 / 2020.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "explicitly mentioned in the context of poverty incidence figures", + "refers to a specific survey that collects household data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Uganda National Household Survey' follows the phrase 'based on', which is a strong indicator that the survey is being cited as a source of data for the analysis of poverty incidence. This specific reference implies that the survey provides structured data used in the report, thus qualifying it as a dataset. The term itself is well-known in research circles as a formal survey that compiles quantitative data on households in Uganda, further supporting its identification as a dataset. The potential confusion for the model might arise from the use of 'survey', which could also imply a project context, yet the mention here does not indicate a project management system or a tool but rather a dedicated data collection effort that offers well-defined records on household conditions. The clear link between the survey and the analysis of poverty statistics solidifies its role as a dataset rather than just a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda National Household Survey' is appropriately classified as a dataset because it directly provides the structured data referenced for analyzing poverty incidence figures, as suggested by the context of its usage." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Generating Growth Opportunities and Productivity for Women Enterprises Uganda Project ( P176747 ) Page 26 of 77 60. Subcomponent 4A: Project management support for high-quality implementation. This subcomponent will finance the Project Implementation Teams ( PITs ) at the MGLSD and the PSFU. it will finance capacity building activities, including ( a ) of the national, district, subcounty, parish, refugee settlement stakeholders and implementation support teams. It will finance the development of key partnerships including of quarterly review meetings for all stakeholders involved in the project at the regional and district levels. The project as part of its Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) activities will design and develop an MIS that collects and stores detailed data from project applicants during the registration process ( i. e.,, before beneficiaries have accessed any project-financed activities ). As indicated in component 1, the MIS is expected to assign a unique identifier to each registered applicant ( GROW_ID ) that will be shared with the applicant.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 756, + 759, + "named" + ], + [ + 86, + 92, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 804, + 822, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will finance the development of key partnerships including of quarterly review meetings for all stakeholders involved in the project at the regional and district levels. The project as part of its Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) activities will design and develop an MIS that collects and stores detailed data from project applicants during the registration process ( i. e.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured collection of data designed to collect and store detailed information from project applicants, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' stands for Management Information System, which is a type of system that manages the process of collecting and storing data rather than being the data itself. The preceding context that mentions its role in designing and developing the MIS makes it clear that the focus is on the functionality of the system rather than on providing a concrete dataset. This could confuse the model since 'MIS' is likely capitalized and positioned in a context that makes it seem like it could qualify as a dataset. However, it isn't presented as a dataset itself, but rather as an infrastructure for managing data collection. The model likely misclassified it due to its functional description, which implies data handling, but in this specific case, it is better understood as a tool rather than a dataset. Therefore, my final decision is that 'MIS' is not a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System designed to handle data rather than being a dataset itself, as it serves as infrastructure to process and store information." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Generating Growth Opportunities and Productivity for Women Enterprises Uganda Project ( P176747 ) Page 26 of 77 60. Subcomponent 4A: Project management support for high-quality implementation. This subcomponent will finance the Project Implementation Teams ( PITs ) at the MGLSD and the PSFU. it will finance capacity building activities, including ( a ) of the national, district, subcounty, parish, refugee settlement stakeholders and implementation support teams. It will finance the development of key partnerships including of quarterly review meetings for all stakeholders involved in the project at the regional and district levels. The project as part of its Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) activities will design and develop an MIS that collects and stores detailed data from project applicants during the registration process ( i. e.,, before beneficiaries have accessed any project-financed activities ). As indicated in component 1, the MIS is expected to assign a unique identifier to each registered applicant ( GROW_ID ) that will be shared with the applicant.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 968, + 971, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 86, + 92, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 804, + 822, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1110, + 1128, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ",, before beneficiaries have accessed any project-financed activities ). As indicated in component 1, the MIS is expected to assign a unique identifier to each registered applicant ( GROW_ID ) that will be shared with the applicant.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured system designed to collect and store detailed data from project applicants, making it a dataset used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described in the context of assigning identifiers", + "mentioned as a management information system", + "not explicitly described as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is specifically referred to as a management information system, which suggests its primary role is as a support tool for managing project data rather than being a dataset itself. The phrase indicates its functionality (assigning unique identifiers) rather than detailing its use as a data source in analysis. The model could have been confused by the use of 'MIS', as it may seem like it could contain data akin to a dataset, especially if it appears in a list of data sources. However, the terminology indicates it is more about infrastructure that collects and organizes information rather than being the output of the data itself. The distinguishing factor here is that there's no explicit statement that this MIS is providing data for analysis, instead it is positioned as a system with a specific role in processing information, which separates it from the concept of a 'dataset'.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' refers to a management information system in this context and does not function as a dataset because it is described more as a system/tool rather than a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components. The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once. For example, dates of business trainings, service provider, or amount of funds will all be entered into the MIS. This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time. The MIS will also be important in being able to establish a sample of study participants to draw on for an impact evaluation or other learning activities. 61. The project will also support MGLSD \u2019 s capacity to lead and oversight social risk management. At the national level, this will support capacity building of unit staff, public fora, SRM experts, etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 7, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 48, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 343, + 355, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1194, + 1212, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured database that collects and organizes information from applicants for analysis and operational support.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as collecting information", + "indicates it performs a function rather than being the data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MIS' is presented primarily as a management information system designed to collect and manage information rather than as a dataset itself. The text clearly indicates that MIS is collecting information and updating a database, which suggests it is an infrastructure or tool that processes and organizes data rather than the data itself. The use of 'MIS' followed by 'database' further implies the system's role in data management rather than being the dataset in question. A model may have confused this because it resembles other terms that might serve as named datasets and appears after a description that includes types of data; however, the context emphasizes its function as a collection system. Thus, the line is drawn here based on the emphasis on the functionality and purpose of the MIS rather than the data it holds. This distinction is important to avoid conflating the system with the data it manages.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that organizes and manages data, hence it should be classified accordingly." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components. The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once. For example, dates of business trainings, service provider, or amount of funds will all be entered into the MIS. This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time. The MIS will also be important in being able to establish a sample of study participants to draw on for an impact evaluation or other learning activities. 61. The project will also support MGLSD \u2019 s capacity to lead and oversight social risk management. At the national level, this will support capacity building of unit staff, public fora, SRM experts, etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 343, + 346, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 48, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 343, + 355, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1194, + 1212, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components. The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS is described as a database that collects and organizes information from applicants, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a system that collects information", + "explicitly described as 'the MIS database'", + "context suggests it is more a tool or system rather than a discrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is characterized as a management information system designed to collect and organize information from program applicants. The text highlights that it collects various types of information and updates based on user input, which indicates its role as a system rather than as an a dataset, even though the term 'database' is used. The phrase 'MIS will collect information' indicates its infrastructure function. It is also described as part of a registration process rather than simply highlighting the data it contains. An AI model might confuse this term as a dataset because 'database' can suggest a structured collection of data; however, 'MIS' primarily functions as an operational tool or system managing and updating data rather than being a standalone dataset used for analysis. The model likely drew on the structural aspects of the term and its function as a repository, overlooking its operational role in the context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' is better classified as a management information system rather than a dataset because it's referenced as a tool for collecting and organizing applicant information, indicating its primary role is operational support rather than serving as a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components. The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once. For example, dates of business trainings, service provider, or amount of funds will all be entered into the MIS. This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time. The MIS will also be important in being able to establish a sample of study participants to draw on for an impact evaluation or other learning activities. 61. The project will also support MGLSD \u2019 s capacity to lead and oversight social risk management. At the national level, this will support capacity building of unit staff, public fora, SRM experts, etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 687, + 690, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 48, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 343, + 355, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1194, + 1212, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once. For example, dates of business trainings, service provider, or amount of funds will all be entered into the MIS. This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured database that collects and organizes information from applicants for analysis and operational support.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only in the context of data entry and tracking", + "not explicitly referred to as a concrete dataset for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a management information system rather than a standalone dataset. The text indicates that 'MIS' is a system used to store and manage records rather than being a dataset itself. The mention of the MIS appears more like an infrastructure element that facilitates data collection and operational support. It does collect data, but it doesn\u2019t serve the purpose of a concrete dataset that would be directly analyzed. The extraction model might have confused 'MIS' for a dataset because it comes after phrases like 'will all be entered into the MIS', implying it holds records. However, it lacks the direct attributes of a dataset since it is not described as something that is used solely for analysis but rather as a tool that organizes data. Thus, it should be treated as infrastructure or a platform but not as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' represents a management information system that stores and organizes data, but it does not function as a standalone dataset meant for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The MIS will collect information from applicants during registration, such as ( a ) key contact information, gender, age, marital status, education status, refugee status, employment; ( b ) business level outcomes such as business partners, business age, monthly profits, number of employees; and ( c ) access to other programs and loans. The MIS database will be updated as program applicants make use of specific components. The GROW_ID can be entered to update the database with any additional information on services received to ensure the applicant is only registered once. For example, dates of business trainings, service provider, or amount of funds will all be entered into the MIS. This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time. The MIS will also be important in being able to establish a sample of study participants to draw on for an impact evaluation or other learning activities. 61. The project will also support MGLSD \u2019 s capacity to lead and oversight social risk management. At the national level, this will support capacity building of unit staff, public fora, SRM experts, etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 824, + 827, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 48, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1194, + 1212, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This database will help support operations through feedback loops as it can track who is accessing which services in real time. The MIS will also be important in being able to establish a sample of study participants to draw on for an impact evaluation or other learning activities. 61.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS is described as a database that collects and organizes information from applicants, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "referred to as supporting operations", + "mentioned as tracking access to services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System designed to support operations and track participant access to services. The description suggests that this system collects and organizes information, but it does not explicitly identify 'MIS' as a standalone dataset used for analysis. Instead, it functions as an infrastructure that holds data rather than being the source of analysis itself. The confusion may arise from the use of the term 'database' in association with 'MIS', which can imply it contains a structured dataset. However, since it is primarily framed as a tracking and operational support tool rather than a direct data source for research, it is more appropriate to classify it as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it is primarily described as a management information system that supports operational functions rather than serving as a direct source of analytical data." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "At the district level, GROW will provide technical assistance on specific areas ( Stakeholder engagement, grievance management, management of workers ) to government officers based in the districts and relevant government entities ( MGLSD, NEMA - Social unit, CDOs, Labour, Gender, Occupational Health and Safety ( OHS ), and all other government departments that manage social risk in the country ), and sub-county staff. Key focus will also be given to building capacity of MGLSD, PSFU and other relevant government institutions, including academia on social risk mitigation. 62. Subcomponent 4B: Policy innovation and evidence generation. This subcomponent will finance data collection efforts beyond the information gathered through the MIS and digital delivery platforms ), analysis and publication of data from project and non-project datasets on female entrepreneurship, climate resilience and WEE, establishment of a data portal, and research workshops and policy forums on female entrepreneurship and WEE. In addition, the learning agenda could also include the design and implementation of innovative pilot activities within the project to test what works to address the key constraints faced by beneficiaries, including refugees and women living in RHDs. This work will be designed and conducted in collaboration with the World Bank \u2019 s Africa Gender Innovation Lab as well as other local research institutes and development partners.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 741, + 744, + "named" + ], + [ + 1333, + 1343, + "MIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Subcomponent 4B: Policy innovation and evidence generation. This subcomponent will finance data collection efforts beyond the information gathered through the MIS and digital delivery platforms ), analysis and publication of data from project and non-project datasets on female entrepreneurship, climate resilience and WEE, establishment of a data portal, and research workshops and policy forums on female entrepreneurship and WEE. In addition, the learning agenda could also include the design and implementation of innovative pilot activities within the project to test what works to address the key constraints faced by beneficiaries, including refugees and women living in RHDs.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for management and decision-making, thus qualifying as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside project and non-project datasets", + "follows 'beyond the information gathered through the MIS'", + "described as a digital delivery platforms" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'MIS' clearly appears as part of a larger sentence that discusses data collection and management efforts. It is highlighted among other data sources, but it is explicitly stated that the data collection efforts finance activities beyond the information gathered through the MIS. This indicates that while the MIS is involved in data management, its primary function appears to be facilitating data rather than serving as a specific dataset for analysis. The phrase 'beyond the information gathered' suggests that it is acting more as a tool or platform that supports data management rather than being recognized as a standalone dataset. Given that it does not directly serve as a source for analysis and is instead described in the context of overarching collection efforts, it is better categorized as a management information system rather than a dataset in this context. The model may have confused it as a dataset due to its mention alongside project datasets and the structured nature implied by the acronym, leading to the initial extraction as 'dataset'.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is treated more as a tool for data management and collection rather than a concrete dataset itself, as it is mentioned alongside other data sources and indicates a broader data collection framework." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Generating Growth Opportunities and Productivity for Women Enterprises Uganda ( P176747 ) Page 47 of 77 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Women participating in a networking platform supported by the project, disaggregated by age ( Number ) The number of women that register with a networking platform. Continuous. Platform registered users. Data are collected automatically as people register. Platform managers to report the information to the MGLSD. The MGLSD will collect the information from the primary source each month. Women in RHDs Refugee women Women entrepreneurs who complete the core women entrepreneur course ( Number ) The satisfaction of participants of the training courses with the training. Continuous. Questionnair e. At the completion of the training, participants will complete a satisfaction questionnaire. The MGLSD will collect the questionnaires from the service providers and PSFU each month. Women RHDs Refugee women RHC women who report the core women entrepreneur course is accessible and meets their needs ( Percentage ) The satisfaction of refugee and host community women with the core course on entrepreneurship. Continuous Questionnair e At the completion of the training, participants will complete a satisfaction questionnaire. The MGLSD will collect the questionnaires from the service providers and PSFU each month.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 617, + 622, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data are collected automatically as people register. Platform managers to report the information to the MGLSD. The MGLSD will collect the information from the primary source each month.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MGLSD refers to an organization, specifically the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an organization", + "reported to MGLSD", + "does not signify a structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MGLSD' refers specifically to the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development. The surrounding text indicates that this organization is involved in the process of information collection and reporting, but it does not explicitly act as a dataset itself. Instead, it functions as an entity that oversees the collection of data rather than containing or describing a set of data records. The mention could confuse a model because it is capitalized and could be interpreted as a project or system name; however, the key aspect is that it does not represent a structured collection of data, but an organization responsible for data operations. Therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MGLSD is identified as an organization rather than a structured dataset, hence it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Generating Growth Opportunities and Productivity for Women Enterprises Uganda ( P176747 ) Page 47 of 77 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Women participating in a networking platform supported by the project, disaggregated by age ( Number ) The number of women that register with a networking platform. Continuous. Platform registered users. Data are collected automatically as people register. Platform managers to report the information to the MGLSD. The MGLSD will collect the information from the primary source each month. Women in RHDs Refugee women Women entrepreneurs who complete the core women entrepreneur course ( Number ) The satisfaction of participants of the training courses with the training. Continuous. Questionnair e. At the completion of the training, participants will complete a satisfaction questionnaire. The MGLSD will collect the questionnaires from the service providers and PSFU each month. Women RHDs Refugee women RHC women who report the core women entrepreneur course is accessible and meets their needs ( Percentage ) The satisfaction of refugee and host community women with the core course on entrepreneurship. Continuous Questionnair e At the completion of the training, participants will complete a satisfaction questionnaire. The MGLSD will collect the questionnaires from the service providers and PSFU each month.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 628, + 633, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Platform managers to report the information to the MGLSD. The MGLSD will collect the information from the primary source each month. Women in RHDs Refugee women Women entrepreneurs who complete the core women entrepreneur course ( Number ) The satisfaction of participants of the training courses with the training.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MGLSD refers to an organization, specifically the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an organization", + "follows information reporting context", + "not described as a structured data source", + "no indication of dataset characteristics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'MGLSD' is referred to in the context of the Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, implying it functions as an organization responsible for collecting and reporting information rather than representing a direct source of structured data. Despite the language hinting at data collection ('the MGLSD will collect the information'), there is no evidence that MGLSD itself is a dataset or platform containing organized data. Instead, it serves as a conduit or intermediary responsible for aggregating information from primary data sources. The model might have been confused by the phrase 'collect the information,' which suggests an association with data, but it fails to establish MGLSD as a concrete dataset in this situation. Thus, I define the line clearly: MGLSD is an organization and not a dataset or structured data collection that would normally be expected to contain records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MGLSD does not function as a dataset in this context; it is an organization rather than a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "024_Uganda-Generating-Growth-Opportunities-and-Productivity-for-Women-Enterprises-Uganda-Project", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Generating Growth Opportunities and Productivity for Women Enterprises Uganda ( P176747 ) Page 49 of 77 age, and disability status of firm owner. Gender gap between women participating in the project in ownership of and use of bank accounts The difference between women \u2019 s and men \u2019 s ownership and use of a bank account. Annual Survey of the women benefiting from the project and the men in their communities. The survey will be administered to a panel of women and men annually using the same questions as in the Global Findex survey. MGLSD to administer the surveys, and compile and report the data. Women participating in planning forums supported to identify priority infrastructure ( Number ) Participation in the project in forums to identify priority infrastructure. Annual Forum attendance sheets. The sponsors of the forums will ask participants to sign in ( in-person events ). Virtual participation will be recorded. MGLSD will collect the data upon completion of each forum and compile the data and present it in quarterly progress reports. Regional facilities constructed or rehabilitated under the project, including childcare facilities and GBV referral services, operating as planned ( Number ) The number of regional multi-purpose facilities constructed or rehabilitated by the project and their operational status. Annual Supervising engineers \u2019 reports, project progress reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 531, + 551, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Global Findex survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Survey of the women benefiting from the project and the men in their communities. The survey will be administered to a panel of women and men annually using the same questions as in the Global Findex survey. MGLSD to administer the surveys, and compile and report the data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Global Findex survey is a structured collection of data that measures financial inclusion and usage of financial services across different demographics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses the same questions as in the Global Findex survey\u2019", + "described as a survey to be administered annually", + "supports collection of financial inclusion data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Global Findex survey' clearly refers to an established survey known for collecting structured data on financial inclusion. The phrase about administering the survey using the same questions indicates that it serves as a comparative framework for the new data collection rather than being a standalone project or system. The model might have been confused by the fact that it appears in a context discussing a project's data collection effort. However, it\u2019s evident through the reference to the methodology used (i.e., \u2018same questions\u2019) that it is invoking the original dataset that underpins financial insights, rather than simply a project or system. The Global Findex survey is recognized as a survey with a defined methodology that collects relevant data and can be used as a reliable dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Global Findex survey' is treated as a dataset here because it refers to an established survey that collects data on financial inclusion, which is being utilized as a reference point for the new project surveys." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 19 of 74 protective support to HHs and investment in resilience building community assets will help sustain livelihoods, strengthen resilience, and prevent the most vulnerable from falling into destitution or being forcibly displaced. It will also directly support the Government \u2019 s Community Empowerment and Socioeconomic Development Strategy for Refugee Hosting Areas in South Sudan, with cash transfers promoting section 4. 6 of the strategy on creation of livelihood and income generating opportunities given the lack of employment prospects in refugee-hosting environments. 37. In the absence of an enabling environment for widescale mobile payment systems, beneficiaries will receive physical cash at the time of payment, except for Juba where mobile money payment will be piloted. A financial service provider ( i. e., paying agent ), which will be competitively selected by the MAFS, will deliver cash to beneficiaries. The MAFS will provide the recipient list and amount of money to the financial service provider, and the list of beneficiaries will be generated from the MIS. The MIS will capture beneficiaries ' biometric data, which will be used to ensure that only the eligible individuals will receive the cash transfer. The financial service provider pays beneficiaries verifying them biometrically.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1176, + 1179, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 758, + 771, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 834, + 838, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1202, + 1215, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ", paying agent ), which will be competitively selected by the MAFS, will deliver cash to beneficiaries. The MAFS will provide the recipient list and amount of money to the financial service provider, and the list of beneficiaries will be generated from the MIS. The MIS will capture beneficiaries ' biometric data, which will be used to ensure that only the eligible individuals will receive the cash transfer.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that captures and manages data about beneficiaries, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a source for capturing biometric data", + "project context rather than direct reference to data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is explicitly referred to as a Management Information System that generates a list of beneficiaries and captures biometric data. While it does house data, its function is more about information management rather than serving as a standalone dataset for analysis. The phrasing indicates that it acts as a tool or platform utilized to manage and process data rather than being a dataset itself which provides structured records for analysis. It's emphasized that the MIS is providing a list rather than the data itself, which suggests a distinction between the system used and the dataset itself. The confusion for the model may arise because 'MIS' appears in a context where data flows from it, leading to a potential misclassification as a concrete dataset. However, it is clearer in this case that the term describes infrastructure rather than a specific set of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that manages data rather than being a standalone dataset, which is why it is not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 23, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 19 of 74 protective support to HHs and investment in resilience building community assets will help sustain livelihoods, strengthen resilience, and prevent the most vulnerable from falling into destitution or being forcibly displaced. It will also directly support the Government \u2019 s Community Empowerment and Socioeconomic Development Strategy for Refugee Hosting Areas in South Sudan, with cash transfers promoting section 4. 6 of the strategy on creation of livelihood and income generating opportunities given the lack of employment prospects in refugee-hosting environments. 37. In the absence of an enabling environment for widescale mobile payment systems, beneficiaries will receive physical cash at the time of payment, except for Juba where mobile money payment will be piloted. A financial service provider ( i. e., paying agent ), which will be competitively selected by the MAFS, will deliver cash to beneficiaries. The MAFS will provide the recipient list and amount of money to the financial service provider, and the list of beneficiaries will be generated from the MIS. The MIS will capture beneficiaries ' biometric data, which will be used to ensure that only the eligible individuals will receive the cash transfer. The financial service provider pays beneficiaries verifying them biometrically.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1185, + 1188, + "named" + ], + [ + 468, + 479, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 758, + 771, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 834, + 838, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 981, + 985, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1202, + 1215, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MAFS will provide the recipient list and amount of money to the financial service provider, and the list of beneficiaries will be generated from the MIS. The MIS will capture beneficiaries ' biometric data, which will be used to ensure that only the eligible individuals will receive the cash transfer. The financial service provider pays beneficiaries verifying them biometrically.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that captures and manages data about beneficiaries, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "describes capturing biometric data", + "not referred to as a standalone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is explicitly referred to as a Management Information System. It is presented as a tool that captures biometric data rather than behaving like a traditional dataset. The text discusses how the MIS will generate a list of beneficiaries and store their biometric data, implying its primary role is infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. While it does hold structured records, the way it is framed suggests it serves as an operational system for data management rather than a dataset for analysis. The model may have confused 'MIS' as a dataset because it follows a structure with data capture and management, but it lacks the explicit portrayal of being a data source that is directly utilized for analytical purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is clearly characterized as a management information system responsible for capturing data, rather than being highlighted as a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 31 of 74 at the time of sub-project selection, as appropriate. d. Bi-monthly cash transfer payments. During the SSSNP, payments were often delayed due to a number of operational challenges, such as lack of access due to flooding and insecurity. This led to dissatisfaction among beneficiaries and implementation risks on the ground. As such, many beneficiaries expressed a preference for bi - monthly payments. Consequently, SNSOP will employ a bi-monthly payment schedule which is expected to minimize payment delays as well as meet the preferences of beneficiaries. e. The role of Cash \u201c Plus \u201d activities in behavior change. Lessons learned from the SSSNP suggest that cash \u201c plus \u201d activities were associated with positive behavior change among beneficiaries. Beneficiaries reported increasing savings and access to income for women in HHs, there was increased awareness of the importance of child nutrition and early development, as well as the adoption of safe sanitary and hygiene practices. For instance, preliminary findings from SSSNP suggest that the number of HHs that saved increased by 13 percentage points and the percentage of HHs that adopted safe sanitary and hygiene practices increased by 20 percentage points. In recognition, the SNSOP will expand the cash \u201c plus \u201d delivery in two ways.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 206, + 211, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi-monthly cash transfer payments. During the SSSNP, payments were often delayed due to a number of operational challenges, such as lack of access due to flooding and insecurity. This led to dissatisfaction among beneficiaries and implementation risks on the ground.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "SSSNP refers to a program (Social Safety Net Support Project) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described with challenges related to operational implementation", + "no indication that it serves as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SSSNP' in the provided text is clearly referred to as a project (Social Safety Net Support Project) rather than a dataset. The context describes operational challenges related to cash transfer payments under this project, indicating it pertains to interventions or programs rather than a specific structured data collection. While the model might have been confused due to the capitalization (suggesting a proper noun) and the potential relevance to data as it involves cash transfers, it lacks explicit mention of data collection or structured records that would classify it as a dataset. It's not referenced in a way that describes it as storing or providing data. Instead, it functions as a broader initiative, making it irrelevant to the dataset classification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SSSNP' refers to a project rather than a dataset, as it is described in relation to operational challenges without any indication of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 35, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 31 of 74 at the time of sub-project selection, as appropriate. d. Bi-monthly cash transfer payments. During the SSSNP, payments were often delayed due to a number of operational challenges, such as lack of access due to flooding and insecurity. This led to dissatisfaction among beneficiaries and implementation risks on the ground. As such, many beneficiaries expressed a preference for bi - monthly payments. Consequently, SNSOP will employ a bi-monthly payment schedule which is expected to minimize payment delays as well as meet the preferences of beneficiaries. e. The role of Cash \u201c Plus \u201d activities in behavior change. Lessons learned from the SSSNP suggest that cash \u201c plus \u201d activities were associated with positive behavior change among beneficiaries. Beneficiaries reported increasing savings and access to income for women in HHs, there was increased awareness of the importance of child nutrition and early development, as well as the adoption of safe sanitary and hygiene practices. For instance, preliminary findings from SSSNP suggest that the number of HHs that saved increased by 13 percentage points and the percentage of HHs that adopted safe sanitary and hygiene practices increased by 20 percentage points. In recognition, the SNSOP will expand the cash \u201c plus \u201d delivery in two ways.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 752, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The role of Cash \u201c Plus \u201d activities in behavior change. Lessons learned from the SSSNP suggest that cash \u201c plus \u201d activities were associated with positive behavior change among beneficiaries. Beneficiaries reported increasing savings and access to income for women in HHs, there was increased awareness of the importance of child nutrition and early development, as well as the adoption of safe sanitary and hygiene practices.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "SSSNP refers to a program (Social Safety Net Support Project) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of lessons learned", + "refers to a program rather than a data source", + "discussed in terms of behavior change, not data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SSSNP' appears to refer to the Social Safety Net Support Project, based on the context provided. In this specific mention, it is associated with lessons learned and the outcomes of certain activities rather than a structured collection of data. While it might be a program that utilizes data, here it is discussed in qualitative terms\u2014especially about behavior changes among beneficiaries\u2014indicating that it is more of an initiative than a direct source of data. The mention does not come after a phrase like 'uses data from,' nor is it enumerated alongside recognized datasets. Therefore, it does not meet the criteria of a dataset in this particular context. Potential confusion for the model may arise from its capitalization and specific reference to a structured project, which can lead it to infer that it is a dataset when it\u2019s not.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SSSNP' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a program (the Social Safety Net Support Project) rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 35 of 74 Figure 3: Implementation Arrangements B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 73. The proposed SNSOP will develop a comprehensive M & E framework and plan, building on the existing ones under the SSSNP. The SNSOP will employ an innovative M & E system that relies primarily on electronic data collection to be stored and managed in the MIS, building on the M & E system using the Geo-Enabling Initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) developed under SSSNP to allow for real time data collection and analysis, thus improving the efficiency and reducing cost of M & E. M & E activities will also be embedded in project activities where possible to minimize the burden on field-based staff. These flexible, remote arrangements allow the M & E system to adapt to various circumstances in South Sudan \u2019 s FCV context. Key M & E activities will include Registration Lessons Learned surveys that will assess the effectiveness of targeting and registration and identify areas for improvement. These surveys will provide baseline information on key demographics and socioeconomic indicators that will be tracked over the course of the project. There will also be Post Distribution Monitoring to monitor project implementation, mainly on payments under components 1 and 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 449, + 452, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed SNSOP will develop a comprehensive M & E framework and plan, building on the existing ones under the SSSNP. The SNSOP will employ an innovative M & E system that relies primarily on electronic data collection to be stored and managed in the MIS, building on the M & E system using the Geo-Enabling Initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) developed under SSSNP to allow for real time data collection and analysis, thus improving the efficiency and reducing cost of M & E. M & E activities will also be embedded in project activities where possible to minimize the burden on field-based staff.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as part of an M & E system", + "not explicitly indicated as a standalone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that is part of a broader Monitoring and Evaluation (M & E) framework, indicating its role as a tool for managing and processing data rather than serving as a standalone dataset. While 'MIS' is mentioned within the framework, it is clear that it functions to support data collection and analysis but is not a dataset in itself; it is a system that facilitates data management. The confusion may arise because 'MIS' is capitalized and appears to fit within the framework of data handling, possibly leading to the assumption that it could be treated as a dataset. Furthermore, the language surrounding its usage emphasizes its infrastructural role, which reinforces that it does not represent a distinct, structured data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a management information system rather than a concrete dataset. It supports the infrastructure for data management but does not represent a specific collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "LIPW and complementary social measure activities will be routinely monitored to ensure quality and assess results. Citizen engagement indicators will be monitored routinely, and the M & E plan will ensure the use of diverse tools and methods ( i. e., surveys, Focus Group Discussions, Key Informant Interviews ) to develop a strong feedback", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 4, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "LIPW and complementary social measure activities will be routinely monitored to ensure quality and assess results. Citizen engagement indicators will be monitored routinely, and the M & E plan will ensure the use of diverse tools and methods ( i.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "LIPW refers to a program or initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program or initiative", + "no reference as a structured data collection", + "not enumerated with other datasets", + "focused on monitoring rather than data sourcing" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'LIPW' in this context appears to refer to a program or initiative related to monitoring activities, rather than a concrete dataset. While it is capitalized and might seem formalized, the surrounding text does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data. It discusses monitoring of various activities, including citizen engagement indicators, but does not specify that 'LIPW' itself is an entity that stores or comprises data. If there was a phrase indicating that the analysis 'uses data from LIPW' or if it were listed with clear datasets, that might suggest otherwise. The term does not fit the traditional notion of a dataset; it seems more related to the operational framework directing the data collection processes. The potential confusion could arise from its formal naming and the context suggesting measurement and assessment, but it doesn't serve as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LIPW' is understood as a program or initiative aimed at monitoring activities rather than a dataset, as it lacks clear indicators of being a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 51 of 74 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of social safety net programs This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider and implementing agency will document payment data Implementing Partner Beneficiary households of social safety net programs - Refugees The number of total beneficiaries HHs that are This indicator will be SNSOP MIS which hosts The implementing partner will collect Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 437, + 446, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 306, + 349, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 459, + 500, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1166, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 51 of 74 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of social safety net programs This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS is a management information system that hosts beneficiary registration and payment data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that hosts records", + "follows 'which hosts' implying it is providing the infrastructure for the data rather than being the data itself", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is directly referred to as a management information system that hosts beneficiary registration and payment data. The specific phrasing indicates that it serves as a structured repository for data rather than being the dataset itself. The presence of terms such as 'which hosts' suggests that SNSOP MIS is facilitating the storage and management of this data but isn't the data collection itself in the same way a dataset would be, such as a compiled list of records or statistics. Therefore, in distinguishing between a system and a dataset, it's clear that while SNSOP MIS stores data, it does not constitute the analytical dataset demanded by the extraction model. The model may have been misled by the presence of data-related terms around SNSOP MIS, which gives the impression of it being a dataset rather than a system or tool for managing such data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'SNSOP MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it is indicated as a management information system that contains data but is not itself the structured record collection used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 51 of 74 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of social safety net programs This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider and implementing agency will document payment data Implementing Partner Beneficiary households of social safety net programs - Refugees The number of total beneficiaries HHs that are This indicator will be SNSOP MIS which hosts The implementing partner will collect Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 848, + 857, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 306, + 349, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 459, + 500, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1166, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 51 of 74 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of social safety net programs This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider and implementing agency will document payment data Implementing Partner Beneficiary households of social safety net programs - Refugees The number of total beneficiaries HHs that are This indicator will be SNSOP MIS which hosts The implementing partner will collect Implementing Partner", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS is a management information system that hosts beneficiary registration and payment data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "follows \u2018which hosts\u2019 that describes its function rather than its direct use as a dataset", + "mentioned in a way that focuses on its role in data collection rather than as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system (MIS) that hosts benefit registration and payment data. While a MIS can indeed contain structured data, here it is being described in a functional manner focused on its role in data collection rather than as the primary source of data used for analysis. The phrasing \u2018which hosts\u2019 indicates it is operational, used in the process of data collection by implementing partners, but does not necessarily clarify it as the dataset itself. There\u2019s a subtle distinction between being the infrastructure for data and being the dataset that is analyzed. The confusion might arise for models because 'SNSOP MIS' is capitalized and resembles a dataset name, but the context indicates it serves as a tool or system, not the dataset used for study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'SNSOP MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that functions to facilitate data collection, thus distinguishing it from being an actual dataset in the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 51 of 74 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of social safety net programs This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider and implementing agency will document payment data Implementing Partner Beneficiary households of social safety net programs - Refugees The number of total beneficiaries HHs that are This indicator will be SNSOP MIS which hosts The implementing partner will collect Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1237, + 1246, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 306, + 349, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 459, + 500, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1166, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The payment service provider will document payment data and share with the implementing partner Implementing Partner Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which hosts beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing partner will collect beneficiary data during targeting and registration. The payment service provider and implementing agency will document payment data Implementing Partner Beneficiary households of social safety net programs - Refugees The number of total beneficiaries HHs that are This indicator will be SNSOP MIS which hosts The implementing partner will collect Implementing Partner", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS is a management information system that hosts beneficiary registration and payment data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that hosts records", + "mentioned as a system rather than as a primary data source", + "appears more than once in the text but without clear reference to specific data outputs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system. While it does contain data, it is described as hosting beneficiary registration and payment data, which indicates its role as an infrastructure or tool rather than a concrete dataset. The repeated mention in the text without clear association to specific data outputs suggests that it is functioning as a system that organizes and manages data. The confusion for an extraction model could arise from recognizing 'SNSOP MIS' as a proper noun that may resemble a dataset due to its capitalized form and the context in which it appears. However, since it is defined as a system and not as a direct source for structured data analysis, it should not be treated as a dataset in this specific context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is defined as a management information system that organizes and manages data rather than serving as a primary data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 56, + "text": "A household will be considered as a beneficiary household if it is both enrolled in the project and have received a cash transfer, at least for one payment cycle This indicator will be measured on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which will track beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing agency will collect registration and payment data over the course of the project Implementing Partner Beneficiary and non-beneficiary households reporting satisfaction with community assets created through LIPW The total number of surveyed beneficiary and non-beneficiary households This indicator will be measured on SNSOP Management Information Data on satisfaction will be collected during Post Distribution Monitoring Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 240, + 249, + "named" + ], + [ + 36, + 57, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 267, + 308, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A household will be considered as a beneficiary household if it is both enrolled in the project and have received a cash transfer, at least for one payment cycle This indicator will be measured on a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs SNSOP MIS which will track beneficiary registration and payment data The implementing agency will collect registration and payment data over the course of the project Implementing Partner Beneficiary and non-beneficiary households reporting satisfaction with community assets created through LIPW The total number of surveyed beneficiary and non-beneficiary households This indicator will be measured on SNSOP Management Information Data on satisfaction will be collected during Post Distribution Monitoring Implementing Partner", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a structured collection of data used to track beneficiary registration and payment data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as an infrastructure for tracking data", + "does not enumerate actual data points or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is identified as a management information system rather than a discrete dataset. The term is clearly indicated as part of a system designed to 'track beneficiary registration and payment data', which implies that it functions as a tool for data collection, rather than being a dataset itself in the analytical sense. The mention does not indicate that it contains raw or processed datasets or that it is used as a direct data source for specific analyses; rather, it describes the functionality of the system. The confusion might arise because the term appears in proximity to descriptions of data collection, leading to a potential misinterpretation as a dataset when it serves as part of the infrastructure that collects and manages data instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SNSOP MIS' refers to a management information system responsible for tracking data rather than a standalone dataset, hence it is classified as not a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 53 of 74 within SNSOP project locations that are satisfied or very satisfied with assets created through LIPW divided by the total number of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries surveyed in SNSOP project locations. SNSOP project locations refer to bomas or quarter councils where the SNSOP project is active a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs System and satisfaction surveys carried out by the SNSOP M & E team. In addition, satisfaction will be monitored by the Third Party Monitor ( TPM ) Beneficiary households receiving economic opportunities Number of total beneficiary households of Component 1 that are also receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, and have received at least 1 installment of the livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis. SNSOP Management Information System ( MIS ) Data on participation in Component 2 will be collected at registration where based on the targeting and registration process outlined in the Project Operations Manual, eligible beneficiaries will be allocated to Component 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 564, + 583, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "SNSOP project locations refer to bomas or quarter councils where the SNSOP project is active a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs System and satisfaction surveys carried out by the SNSOP M & E team. In addition, satisfaction will be monitored by the Third Party Monitor ( TPM ) Beneficiary households receiving economic opportunities Number of total beneficiary households of Component 1 that are also receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, and have received at least 1 installment of the livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis.", + "type": "monitoring entity", + "explanation": "The term 'Third Party Monitor' refers to an entity responsible for monitoring rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a monitoring entity, not a data source", + "described alongside specific indicators, but refers to a role instead of a dataset", + "project context implies evaluation rather than data storage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Third Party Monitor', I see that it is closely associated with a role of oversight rather than the physical or structured collection of data itself. While it appears in the same context as other metrics and indicators, it's clear that the term is used to describe an entity responsible for monitoring the project outcomes rather than denoting a dataset that stores data structured in a way suitable for analysis. The surrounding text focuses on monitoring satisfaction and economic opportunities, which indicates a focus on evaluative processes instead of direct data handling or storage. The confusion for a model might arise from the fact that the term is capitalized and appears next to metrics, possibly leading it to be misidentified as a dataset due to its formal designation. However, I note that it does not meet the criteria for a dataset as it lacks the characteristic of a data repository or structured collection of records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Third Party Monitor' indicates a role or agency involved in project oversight rather than a concrete dataset. It does not represent a structured collection of data and thus should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 53 of 74 within SNSOP project locations that are satisfied or very satisfied with assets created through LIPW divided by the total number of beneficiaries and non beneficiaries surveyed in SNSOP project locations. SNSOP project locations refer to bomas or quarter councils where the SNSOP project is active a quarterly basis during missions and ISRs System and satisfaction surveys carried out by the SNSOP M & E team. In addition, satisfaction will be monitored by the Third Party Monitor ( TPM ) Beneficiary households receiving economic opportunities Number of total beneficiary households of Component 1 that are also receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, and have received at least 1 installment of the livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis. SNSOP Management Information System ( MIS ) Data on participation in Component 2 will be collected at registration where based on the targeting and registration process outlined in the Project Operations Manual, eligible beneficiaries will be allocated to Component 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 951, + 986, + "named" + ], + [ + 341, + 346, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 350, + 366, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 592, + 614, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 664, + 686, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis. SNSOP Management Information System ( MIS ) Data on participation in Component 2 will be collected at registration where based on the targeting and registration process outlined in the Project Operations Manual, eligible beneficiaries will be allocated to Component 2.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The SNSOP Management Information System is a structured collection of data used to track participation and economic opportunities for beneficiaries in the SNSOP project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a Management Information System (MIS)", + "described as a data collection tool for participation tracking", + "not explicitly stated as a source of specific data", + "follows mention of a registration and targeting process, which suggests it is part of broader project infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP Management Information System' is referred to specifically as an MIS, indicating it functions as a framework for data collection rather than providing a standalone dataset. The term follows a description of how data will be collected and linked to larger project processes, which suggests it serves as an infrastructure or tool rather than a direct data source for analysis. The model may have misinterpreted it as a dataset because it appears structured and is part of a formal process, yet the context emphasizes its role in facilitating data collection rather than presenting raw data itself. This distinction can lead to confusion, especially if the text does not clarify whether it is providing actual dataset statistics or merely describing an organizational tool used to gather data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'SNSOP Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset, as it clearly functions as a management tool for data collection rather than a source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "Data on payment of the livelihood grant will be collected through the SNSOP MIS that will be linked with SNSOP payment data The Implementing Partner responsible for Component 2 will be responsible for data collection Eligible beneficiary households with functional income-generating investments The total number of households with functional This indicator will be SNSOP Management Data will be collected through routine M & E Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 70, + 79, + "named" + ], + [ + 217, + 248, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data on payment of the livelihood grant will be collected through the SNSOP MIS that will be linked with SNSOP payment data The Implementing Partner responsible for Component 2 will be responsible for data collection Eligible beneficiary households with functional income-generating investments The total number of households with functional This indicator will be SNSOP Management Data will be collected through routine M & E Implementing Partner", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a structured system for collecting and managing data related to the livelihood grant payments, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not explicitly mentioned as a data source", + "referenced more as an infrastructure for data collection rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'SNSOP MIS' is framed primarily as a management information system (MIS) designed to aid in the data collection process for the livelihood grant payments. While it may indeed hold and manage data relevant to payment records, it functions more as an infrastructure or platform rather than a distinct dataset. Notably, the reference that data will be collected through this system indicates that it operates as a tool to facilitate data gathering. The textual cues suggest that while SNSOP MIS plays a vital role in the data management process, it is not being described explicitly as a dataset itself. The confusion may arise because it appears after phrases related to data collection and performance indicators, leading one to consider it as a dataset. However, the overall wording indicates that it\u2019s a system used to collect data, not a dataset in the traditional sense of structured records ready for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS is not treated as a dataset in this context; it functions as a management information system for data collection rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 59, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 55 of 74 MGCSW Percentage of beneficiaries paid using the enhanced integrated biometric and Management Information Systems The total number of beneficiaries paid using the enhanced biometric and management information systems divided by the total number of beneficiaries. Use of the enhanced biometric system includes biometric registration at the point of beneficiary registration as well as the use of biometric to verify identity at the time of payment. Use of the management information system ( MIS ) involves electronic wage request generations to be approved through the MIS. This indicator will be measured during missions and ISRs Project MIS Registration and Payments data will be obtained from the project MIS to determine the percentage of payments processes through the biometric and management information systems. Selected implementing partner ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of beneficiary households receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in LIPW under sub-component 1. 1, in accordance with the This indicator will be reviewed at a Registration and payment data stored in the SNSOP Management Household and sub - component specific data will be collected at registration and updated over the Selected Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1461, + 1466, + "named" + ], + [ + 1417, + 1446, + "SNSOP <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Selected implementing partner ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of beneficiary households receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in LIPW under sub-component 1. 1, in accordance with the This indicator will be reviewed at a Registration and payment data stored in the SNSOP Management Household and sub - component specific data will be collected at registration and updated over the Selected Implementing Partner", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP refers to a management information system that collects and stores data related to beneficiary registration and payments, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a tool for collecting data", + "not explicitly referred to as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP' is explicitly stated to be a management household information system. It serves the purpose of collecting and storing data related to beneficiary registration and payments. Although the system contains data, it is more appropriate to see it as a tool and infrastructure for managing data rather than a distinct dataset. The reference does not provide signals that it serves as a direct data source but rather describes its role as a management system. The term \u2018SNSOP\u2019 appearing in the extract could lead to confusion, as it may look like a dataset due to its structured implications, but ultimately it behaves as a management system. Thus, I drew the line with the understanding that without a definitive indication that it serves as a standalone dataset, it is best recognized as a management tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP is identified as a management information system, not a standalone dataset, as its role is to facilitate data collection rather than serve as a structured data source in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 56 of 74 Project Operations Manual, and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. minimum on a quarterly basis Information System ( MIS ) course of project implementation. Payment data will be liked to and updated in the MIS. Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are female Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are female This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis Registration and payment data in the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data is collected during registration and updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Selected Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving cash transfer for participating in the behavioral change communication training The number of beneficiary households that participate in behavioral change communication training activities to receive their cash transfer.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 225, + 243, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 56 of 74 Project Operations Manual, and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. minimum on a quarterly basis Information System ( MIS ) course of project implementation. Payment data will be liked to and updated in the MIS.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Information System' refers to a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system (MIS)", + "mentioned in the context of project implementation", + "implies data management rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Information System' clearly refers to a management information system (MIS) rather than a dataset. The surrounding text discusses it in the context of project implementation, suggesting its role as a system for managing and processing data rather than simply being a collection of organized data. The term appears in a manner that indicates it serves as a tool for overseeing the collection and usage of payment data, rather than being described as a data source itself. It doesn't explicitly state that it contains the data but indicates it links to and updates with other project data. The confusion likely arises from the term's capitalized nature, which can make it appear as if it\u2019s a proper noun referring to a dataset, especially since it follows discussions of cash transfers and payment data. Nevertheless, I'm maintaining the distinction that it's not a dataset in this context because it serves an infrastructural purpose rather than being a concrete, independent collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Information System' is not considered a dataset because it refers specifically to a management information system that manages and processes data rather than directly being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 56 of 74 Project Operations Manual, and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. minimum on a quarterly basis Information System ( MIS ) course of project implementation. Payment data will be liked to and updated in the MIS. Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are female Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are female This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis Registration and payment data in the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data is collected during registration and updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Selected Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving cash transfer for participating in the behavioral change communication training The number of beneficiary households that participate in behavioral change communication training activities to receive their cash transfer.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 246, + 249, + "named" + ], + [ + 286, + 298, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 807, + 819, + "MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 56 of 74 Project Operations Manual, and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. minimum on a quarterly basis Information System ( MIS ) course of project implementation. Payment data will be liked to and updated in the MIS.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS (Management Information System) mentioned in the context is a structured collection of data used to track and manage beneficiary information and payment data for the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is explicitly identified as a Management Information System, which suggests it serves as a framework or tool for managing data rather than as a standalone dataset containing specific observational data that can be analyzed directly. Even though it holds payment data and beneficiary information, its presentation indicates it functions more like a system that supports data organization, rather than being treated as a dataset itself. The confusion may arise because the model might have identified 'MIS' after keyword phrases that typically precede concrete data sources, like 'with updated in the MIS', which could imply it is being used as a data source. However, since it is functioning as an operational system designed to manage data rather than just present empirical data records, I conclude it should not be classified as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing data rather than a concrete dataset containing specific data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 56 of 74 Project Operations Manual, and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. minimum on a quarterly basis Information System ( MIS ) course of project implementation. Payment data will be liked to and updated in the MIS. Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are female Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are female This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis Registration and payment data in the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data is collected during registration and updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Selected Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving cash transfer for participating in the behavioral change communication training The number of beneficiary households that participate in behavioral change communication training activities to receive their cash transfer.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 703, + 712, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 286, + 298, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 807, + 819, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are female Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are female This indicator will be measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis Registration and payment data in the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data is collected during registration and updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Selected Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving cash transfer for participating in the behavioral change communication training The number of beneficiary households that participate in behavioral change communication training activities to receive their cash transfer.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The SNSOP MIS refers to a Management Information System that collects and updates registration and payment data related to beneficiaries, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "mentioned as the source of registration and payment data", + "follows the context of other data types but does not present itself as a distinct dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'SNSOP MIS' is referenced as a Management Information System that collects and manages data rather than being a standalone dataset. The mention of 'registration and payment data' is crucial because it indicates that the SNSOP MIS is an operational system that processes and updates data, rather than being a primary static dataset. The term follows phrases that suggest it is being used as a tool to gather data but lacks a description that categorizes it directly as a dataset. This can lead to confusion for models because 'MIS' often implies structured data collection, which might mimic the qualities of a dataset. However, I see it more as an infrastructure tool that houses multiple datasets rather than one dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SNSOP MIS' is better defined as a Management Information System that supports data collection and management rather than as a single distinct dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP Management Information System Attendance data collected during each training session Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in DIS under sub-component 1. 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, Registration and payment data from the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated over the course of project implementation. Selected Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 68, + 103, + "named" + ], + [ + 104, + 119, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 180, + 244, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 444, + 473, + "SNSOP Management Information System <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP Management Information System Attendance data collected during each training session Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in DIS under sub-component 1. 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, Registration and payment data from the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated over the course of project implementation.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The SNSOP Management Information System is a structured collection of data used to track attendance and beneficiary information for the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "project but mentioned as a data source", + "enumerated with other data but lacks direct data attributes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'SNSOP Management Information System' refers specifically to a management information system (MIS) that is described as storing attendance and beneficiary data. The use of the term 'system' indicates that it operates as a platform for data management, while the phrase 'Attendance data' suggests the possible presence of structured data within it. However, the term itself is not explicitly framed as a dataset for analytical purposes; instead, the surrounding text emphasizes its role as a system supporting data collection and management activities for the project. Additionally, the use of 'MIS' reveals its function, indicating that it primarily provides infrastructure rather than serving as a dataset in its own right. The model may have misunderstood this because it appears in a similar context as other data sources and has proper noun characteristics, which are common indicators of datasets. The content could lead to confusion since systems can contain datasets, but they don't always represent a concrete collection of data used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'SNSOP Management Information System' is treated as a management system rather than a dataset. It functions primarily as infrastructure for data management and collection rather than representing a distinct dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP Management Information System Attendance data collected during each training session Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in DIS under sub-component 1. 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, Registration and payment data from the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated over the course of project implementation. Selected Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 483, + 492, + "named" + ], + [ + 104, + 119, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 190, + 212, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 444, + 473, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP Management Information System Attendance data collected during each training session Implementing Partner Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support The number of total beneficiary HHs that are selected to participate in DIS under sub-component 1. 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, Registration and payment data from the SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated over the course of project implementation. Selected Implementing Partner", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The SNSOP MIS refers to a structured collection of data related to attendance and beneficiary information, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project/system, not as a data source", + "followed by specific data categories but not an explicit data source mention" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' represents a Management Information System (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset itself. The phrase 'SNSOP Management Information System Attendance data' suggests the system collects and organizes data, but it does not explicitly signify that the system itself is the data source being analyzed. The actual data being referenced is the attendance data collected, along with other beneficiary data mentioned later. The confusion may arise because the term 'SNSOP MIS' follows phrases that hint towards data usage, which can lead models to misinterpret it as a dataset. However, the term does not explicitly state it is being used as a dataset in this analysis, rather it functions as a system that houses data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'SNSOP MIS' is better understood as a management information system that collects data rather than as a standalone dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 61, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 57 of 74 and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. on a quarterly basis Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS Percentage of Labor Intensive Public Works subprojects that mitigate climate - induced shocks Percentage of LIPW subprojects that are designed to mitigate the impacts of climate-induced shocks in beneficiary communities, as identified under the Project Operations Manual. This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis through missions and ISRs LIPW monitoring forms The implementing partner will periodically monitor LIPW as part of quality control and monitoring and evaluation activities carried out by dedicated field staff including field-based engineers Implementing partner Number of LIPW work days created Number of total LIPW work days generated by SNSOP This indicator will be measured at minimum on a quarterly basis including through missions and ISR ' s SNSOP MIS which hosts information on LIPW work days used to generate payment schedules. The number of LIPW work days will be documented at LIPW work sites and collected by field-based staff.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 236, + 245, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 190, + 202, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 842, + 866, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 57 of 74 and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. on a quarterly basis Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS Percentage of Labor Intensive Public Works subprojects that mitigate climate - induced shocks Percentage of LIPW subprojects that are designed to mitigate the impacts of climate-induced shocks in beneficiary communities, as identified under the Project Operations Manual. This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis through missions and ISRs LIPW monitoring forms The implementing partner will periodically monitor LIPW as part of quality control and monitoring and evaluation activities carried out by dedicated field staff including field-based engineers Implementing partner Number of LIPW work days created Number of total LIPW work days generated by SNSOP This indicator will be measured at minimum on a quarterly basis including through missions and ISR ' s SNSOP MIS which hosts information on LIPW work days used to generate payment schedules.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that hosts and organizes data related to the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a tool supporting data generation", + "includes 'MIS' in its acronym indicating a data system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system, implying that it serves more as a structure for organizing and managing the data rather than a standalone dataset. Although it contains information and is involved in data processes (e.g., generating payment schedules), it is primarily a system designed for interfacing with that data. The context refers to its role in holding information and describes the processes surrounding it but does not treat it as a dataset in the conventional sense, which would imply a more static and concrete collection of structured records. The mention of 'MIS' already signals that it is a system, which often confuses models that may interpret this as indicative of it being a dataset. Additionally, it lacks the characteristics of a concrete dataset since it is seen more as a tool or infrastructure. Hence, based on this contextual analysis, 'SNSOP MIS' does not qualify as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS is not considered a dataset here because it is described as a management information system rather than a standalone structured collection of data. Its role in hosting and managing data points to it being infrastructure rather than a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 61, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 57 of 74 and have received cash transfers, at least for one payment cycle. on a quarterly basis Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS Percentage of Labor Intensive Public Works subprojects that mitigate climate - induced shocks Percentage of LIPW subprojects that are designed to mitigate the impacts of climate-induced shocks in beneficiary communities, as identified under the Project Operations Manual. This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis through missions and ISRs LIPW monitoring forms The implementing partner will periodically monitor LIPW as part of quality control and monitoring and evaluation activities carried out by dedicated field staff including field-based engineers Implementing partner Number of LIPW work days created Number of total LIPW work days generated by SNSOP This indicator will be measured at minimum on a quarterly basis including through missions and ISR ' s SNSOP MIS which hosts information on LIPW work days used to generate payment schedules. The number of LIPW work days will be documented at LIPW work sites and collected by field-based staff.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1028, + 1037, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 190, + 202, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 842, + 866, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "on a quarterly basis Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS Percentage of Labor Intensive Public Works subprojects that mitigate climate - induced shocks Percentage of LIPW subprojects that are designed to mitigate the impacts of climate-induced shocks in beneficiary communities, as identified under the Project Operations Manual. This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis through missions and ISRs LIPW monitoring forms The implementing partner will periodically monitor LIPW as part of quality control and monitoring and evaluation activities carried out by dedicated field staff including field-based engineers Implementing partner Number of LIPW work days created Number of total LIPW work days generated by SNSOP This indicator will be measured at minimum on a quarterly basis including through missions and ISR ' s SNSOP MIS which hosts information on LIPW work days used to generate payment schedules. The number of LIPW work days will be documented at LIPW work sites and collected by field-based staff.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that hosts and organizes data related to the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that hosts records", + "mentioned in the context of being part of data collection processes", + "referred to as a tool for generating payment schedules" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'SNSOP MIS' is identified as a management information system (MIS) that is responsible for hosting and organizing data related to Labor Intensive Public Works (LIPW) activities. The context indicates it serves a practical function of storing data and facilitating payment schedules, rather than being a dataset itself. Our evaluations suggest that while the term does appear to be cited in a critical role for data handling, it is defined primarily as a system rather than a direct source of structured data records. The confusion may arise from the phrasing, as it comes after discussions of data indicators and outcomes, leading one to think of it as a standalone dataset; however, it fundamentally serves as a tool that enables data functionalities for project monitoring, positioning it as infrastructure rather than a dataset in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS is identified as a management information system that supports data usage rather than being a dataset itself, as it is explicitly described as infrastructure facilitating data organization and payment processes." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 61, + "text": "This data is inputted into the SNSOP MIS to generate payment schedules Implementing partner Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are refugees or host communities Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for This indicator will be Registration and payment data in the Beneficiary data is collected during registration and Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 31, + 40, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This data is inputted into the SNSOP MIS to generate payment schedules Implementing partner Number of beneficiaries receiving cash for performing labor intensive public works who are refugees or host communities Number of total beneficiaries that directly receive cash transfer for This indicator will be Registration and payment data in the Beneficiary data is collected during registration and Implementing Partner", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a tool to generate payment schedules", + "data inputted into this system rather than extracted from it" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly described as a management information system that processes data rather than being a primary source of structured data records itself. The text directly states that data is input into this system to generate payment schedules, which indicates that it functions as a tool for data management and processing, rather than a dataset in its own right. The model may have been confused due to the systematic relationship between 'SNSOP MIS' and the data it processes, as it follows the pattern of mentions that often denote datasets. However, it is important to differentiate between the entity that holds or manages the data and the dataset itself. The phrase 'uses data from...' could easily have led to a misinterpretation if the emphasis had been solely on the data aspects of SNSOP MIS without acknowledging its role as a system. Therefore, I conclude that 'SNSOP MIS' should not be treated as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system used to process data, not a structured collection of data used for analysis; hence it is not considered a dataset in this case." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 58 of 74 working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are refugees and host communities. Refugees are defined as forcibly displaced HHs originating from a country other than South Sudan and registered as refugees in South Sudan by the UNHCR. Host communities are defined as local population groups living in counties with a high concentration of refugees. measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support who have a female primary beneficiary ( Number ) Total number of beneficiary households under comopnent 1. 2 that have a primary beneficiary, as registered in the SNSOP MIS, who is a woman.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 529, + 538, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 188, + 196, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 201, + 217, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 304, + 315, + "SNSOP MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 346, + 357, + "SNSOP MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 579, + 591, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 637, + 701, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 907, + 925, + "SNSOP MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Host communities are defined as local population groups living in counties with a high concentration of refugees. measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support who have a female primary beneficiary ( Number ) Total number of beneficiary households under comopnent 1.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to the beneficiaries of the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "project context implied", + "not presented explicitly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SNSOP MIS' appears to be a management information system designed to manage and organize data related to the beneficiaries of the project. The context mentions updates and the maintenance of payment data, suggesting it is a tool for organizing data rather than providing direct access to a dataset. Models might confuse this term with a dataset mention because it follows phrases indicating measurement and is presented in a project context where data is analyzed; however, the crucial distinction is that it functions as an infrastructure or tool rather than a standalone dataset. The usage of 'MIS' (Management Information System) as part of the term further indicates that it's primarily a system for handling records rather than presenting them as a dataset itself. Therefore, it doesn't fulfill the criteria of serving as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is better understood as a management information system that organizes and manages data, rather than a dataset itself, since it\u2019s described as containing systems and updates rather than providing direct datasets for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 58 of 74 working on LIPW under sub - component 1. 1 on behalf of beneficiary HH, of which are refugees and host communities. Refugees are defined as forcibly displaced HHs originating from a country other than South Sudan and registered as refugees in South Sudan by the UNHCR. Host communities are defined as local population groups living in counties with a high concentration of refugees. measured at a minimum on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS updated over the course of the project. Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support who have a female primary beneficiary ( Number ) Total number of beneficiary households under comopnent 1. 2 that have a primary beneficiary, as registered in the SNSOP MIS, who is a woman.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 865, + 874, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 188, + 196, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 201, + 217, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 304, + 315, + "SNSOP MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 346, + 357, + "SNSOP MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 579, + 591, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 637, + 701, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 907, + 925, + "SNSOP MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Payment data will also be periodically updated in the MIS Number of beneficiary households receiving Direct Income Support who have a female primary beneficiary ( Number ) Total number of beneficiary households under comopnent 1. 2 that have a primary beneficiary, as registered in the SNSOP MIS, who is a woman.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to the beneficiaries of the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a project-related system, not directly as a data source", + "the context specifies payment data is periodically updated in the MIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'SNSOP MIS' refers explicitly to a management information system (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset. The phrase provides context indicating that it is used to manage and update records of beneficiary households rather than serving as a standalone source of data. Furthermore, the phrase 'periodically updated in the MIS' underscores its role as an infrastructure intended for data management rather than as a distinct collection of data that could be analyzed independently. The confusion may arise because it is capitalized, sounding like a proper noun for a dataset or data source, but in the specific context, it is clearly characterized as a part of a system designed for record-keeping and management rather than being referred to as a dataset itself. When a model sees this term following discussion around data, it might mistakenly classify it as 'a dataset' due to its structured nature, but it fundamentally serves as the framework that holds datasets, rather than as a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SNSOP MIS is classified as a management information system that manages data rather than a dataset, as the context indicates it is used to periodically update records, not to function as a separate source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 62, + 71, + "named" + ], + [ + 155, + 211, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 225, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 533, + 549, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 646, + 658, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to beneficiaries and economic opportunities, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a system for data collection", + "repeated mention without direct linking to data output" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'SNSOP MIS' refers to a management information system that serves the specific function of storing and organizing data related to beneficiaries of a project. While the system clearly contains structured data, the context emphasizes its role as an infrastructure for data collection rather than presenting it explicitly as a dataset. The phrases 'data will be collected through registration and payments' and 'beneficiary data will be gathered at registration' indicate that the SNSOP MIS is a tool for data management, not necessarily a dataset itself. This distinction is crucial because the model might have inferred that since it follows mentions of data collection and regular updates, it should be categorized as a dataset. However, the lack of direct references to the outputs or findings derived from 'SNSOP MIS' further suggests it's primarily functioning as a system. Therefore, while it stores data, it is not directly being referred to as a dataset in this context, leading to the classification as not being a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SNSOP MIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as a management information system that collects and organizes data rather than presenting itself as the actual dataset being analyzed." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 523, + 532, + "named" + ], + [ + 155, + 211, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 225, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 533, + 549, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 646, + 658, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to beneficiaries and economic opportunities, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of the data collection process", + "enumerated but more indicative of a tool/project than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system that is involved in data collection and maintenance of records related to beneficiaries. This suggests that it is more of an organizational tool or infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. Although the phrase \u2018this data will be collected through registration and payments\u2019 follows closely after a mention of SNSOP MIS, it doesn't imply that SNSOP MIS is being used as a data source in the conventional sense of a dataset. Instead, it serves as a framework for collecting and storing data rather than presenting datasets directly for analysis. There may be confusion because 'SNSOP MIS' is capitalized and sounds like a proper name, leading to an assumption that it is a dataset. However, the context indicates it functions as a system facilitating the gathering of data rather than being the raw data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'SNSOP MIS' is better understood as a management information system that facilitates data collection rather than representing an actual dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 692, + 701, + "named" + ], + [ + 155, + 211, + "SNSOP MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 225, + "SNSOP MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 533, + 549, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 646, + 658, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured at least on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS This data will be collected through registration and payments Implementing Partner Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities who are youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth, defined as people between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have receive at least 1 This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be gathered at registration and will be updated over the course of project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to beneficiaries and economic opportunities, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "repeatedly linked with project implementation and data collection oversight" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system. While it is used as a source from which data is collected (as it organizes information about beneficiaries), it does not function as a standalone dataset in the conventional sense. The mention describes the system's role in data management, rather than indicating that it contains a discrete dataset meant for analysis. The phrases surrounding it emphasize its infrastructural role in collecting and updating data rather than operating as a singular, analyzable dataset. Models might confuse it as a dataset due to the structured nature of the data it manages and terms like 'MIS', which imply organization and systematic management of information, but it ultimately does not embody a dataset itself in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, SNSOP MIS is categorized as a management information system responsible for data collection and organization, rather than a dataset, because it is defined and referred to primarily as a system rather than a distinct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 59 of 74 installment of livelihood grant. Number of beneficiaries receiving Economic Opportunities who are female youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth and female, defined as women between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have received at least 1 installment of livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection. Percentage of grievances resolved through the GRM Number of all grievances which are lodged, processed and resolved through the SNSOP GRM divided by all complaints which are lodged, processed and / or resolved, expressed as a percentage This indicator will be reviewed on a monthly basis Monthly GRM Reports GRM data will be reviewed and analyzed on a monthly basis through the MIS GRM module Selected Implementing Partner Percentage of cash transfers to beneficiary households made on time The total number of cash transfers which were completed on time for both LIPW and DIS, per the Project Operations Manual, divided by the total number of cash transfers, expressed This indicator", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 555, + 564, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 581, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 663, + 675, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Number of beneficiaries receiving Economic Opportunities who are female youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth and female, defined as women between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have received at least 1 installment of livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and manages beneficiary data for the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project and not directly as a data source", + "data collection and updates occur within this system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'SNSOP MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system. It does not take the role of a dataset per se but rather functions as a vehicle for data collection and management. The phrase 'Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation' indicates that this is indeed a tool for organizing data, but not a dataset itself. A model might have been confused due to the proximity to data collection activities and its mention in relation to the project operations, which may lead one to infer that it is integral to data generation or analysis. However, since it does not serve as a distinct dataset but as a system that facilitates data collection, it's better understood as an infrastructure rather than a dataset. The line is drawn here based on the descriptive context of data collection as part of a broader system operation; it\u2019s not referred to in the context of being a concrete dataset for immediate analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SNSOP MIS' is described as a management information system for data collection rather than a dataset; it serves as a tool and does not directly provide data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 59 of 74 installment of livelihood grant. Number of beneficiaries receiving Economic Opportunities who are female youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth and female, defined as women between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have received at least 1 installment of livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection. Percentage of grievances resolved through the GRM Number of all grievances which are lodged, processed and resolved through the SNSOP GRM divided by all complaints which are lodged, processed and / or resolved, expressed as a percentage This indicator will be reviewed on a monthly basis Monthly GRM Reports GRM data will be reviewed and analyzed on a monthly basis through the MIS GRM module Selected Implementing Partner Percentage of cash transfers to beneficiary households made on time The total number of cash transfers which were completed on time for both LIPW and DIS, per the Project Operations Manual, divided by the total number of cash transfers, expressed This indicator", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 709, + 718, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SNSOP MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 581, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 663, + 675, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection. Percentage of grievances resolved through the GRM Number of all grievances which are lodged, processed and resolved through the SNSOP GRM divided by all complaints which are lodged, processed and / or resolved, expressed as a percentage This indicator will be reviewed on a monthly basis Monthly GRM Reports GRM data will be reviewed and analyzed on a monthly basis through the MIS GRM module Selected Implementing Partner Percentage of cash transfers to beneficiary households made on time The total number of cash transfers which were completed on time for both LIPW and DIS, per the Project Operations Manual, divided by the total number of cash transfers, expressed This indicator", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "SNSOP MIS refers to a management information system that collects and manages data related to the beneficiaries and operations of the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mention of project implementation", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset but rather as a system for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is clearly identified as a management information system that collects and manages data related to project beneficiaries and operations. The terminology surrounding it, particularly phrases such as 'data will be collected during registration' and 'updated during project implementation,' indicates that it is intended as a tool or infrastructure that stores and processes data. The term follows phrases indicating collection and management practices rather than being referred to directly as a dataset itself. This demonstrates that the system functions as an integrative platform rather than a standalone dataset. The previous judgment labeled it as a dataset, likely due to the structured nature of the data it handles and the overall prominence of the term; however, it strays from being identified strictly as a dataset since it is framed within a broader project management context. Lack of phrasing that distinctly identifies it as 'the dataset' distinctly enhances the confusion. Therefore, 'SNSOP MIS' should be understood more appropriately as a tool rather than a dataset in this analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SNSOP MIS' is a management information system, not a dataset; it collects and manages data rather than serving as a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Productive Safety Net for Socioeconomic Opportunities Project ( P177663 ) Page 59 of 74 installment of livelihood grant. Number of beneficiaries receiving Economic Opportunities who are female youth Number of beneficiaries receiving economic opportunities under Component 2, in accordance with the Project Operations Manual, of which are youth and female, defined as women between the ages of 18 and 35 years, and have received at least 1 installment of livelihood grant. This indicator will be measured, at a minimum, on a quarterly basis SNSOP MIS Beneficiary data will be collected during registration and updated during project implementation. Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection. Percentage of grievances resolved through the GRM Number of all grievances which are lodged, processed and resolved through the SNSOP GRM divided by all complaints which are lodged, processed and / or resolved, expressed as a percentage This indicator will be reviewed on a monthly basis Monthly GRM Reports GRM data will be reviewed and analyzed on a monthly basis through the MIS GRM module Selected Implementing Partner Percentage of cash transfers to beneficiary households made on time The total number of cash transfers which were completed on time for both LIPW and DIS, per the Project Operations Manual, divided by the total number of cash transfers, expressed This indicator", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1188, + 1191, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 581, + "MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Payment data will be regularly updated in the SNSOP MIS The Implementing Partner in charge of Component 2 will be responsible for data collection. Percentage of grievances resolved through the GRM Number of all grievances which are lodged, processed and resolved through the SNSOP GRM divided by all complaints which are lodged, processed and / or resolved, expressed as a percentage This indicator will be reviewed on a monthly basis Monthly GRM Reports GRM data will be reviewed and analyzed on a monthly basis through the MIS GRM module Selected Implementing Partner Percentage of cash transfers to beneficiary households made on time The total number of cash transfers which were completed on time for both LIPW and DIS, per the Project Operations Manual, divided by the total number of cash transfers, expressed This indicator", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that collects and manages data related to the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "not specifically referred to as a data source", + "context refers to data processing rather than direct data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MIS' is explicitly referenced as a Management Information System, specifically tailored for the SNSOP project. The text does not indicate that 'MIS' serves as a dataset in itself; rather, it functions as a system that manages and processes data. While the phrase 'uses data from' or similar expressions commonly imply the use of a dataset, in this case, the 'MIS' is described as the infrastructure for data management rather than being labeled a dataset directly. The model may have assumed 'MIS' could be a dataset due to its capitalization and inclusion in a technical context, where it appears alongside data collection and reporting details. However, since the emphasis is on its role as a system rather than a concrete data source, it is more accurate to categorize it as an infrastructure tool that supports data collection and analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' functions as a Management Information System rather than a dataset itself, as it is not explicitly treated as a data source but as a framework for managing and analyzing project-related data." + }, + { + "filename": "025_South-Sudan-Productive-Safety-Net-for-Socioeconomic-Opportunities-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "will be measured, at a minimum, on a SNSOP MIS and payment schedules Payment data stored in the MIS will be compared with approved payment schedules. Selected Implementing Partner", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 37, + 46, + "named" + ], + [ + 69, + 81, + "SNSOP MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "will be measured, at a minimum, on a SNSOP MIS and payment schedules Payment data stored in the MIS will be compared with approved payment schedules. Selected Implementing Partner", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The SNSOP MIS refers to a structured collection of data related to payment schedules and is used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in relation to payment data", + "not enumerated with other known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SNSOP MIS' is structured as a management information system rather than a distinct dataset. Although it is involved in collecting and comparing payment data, it functions as the infrastructure for data storage and retrieval. The fact that the text refers to it in connection with 'payment data stored in the MIS' suggests that it is serving as a framework to access data, rather than being the actual dataset itself. A model might confuse this due to its capitalized nature and its immediate association with a data-like function, especially with phrases like 'will be measured, at a minimum, on a SNSOP MIS.' However, it is clear from the context that it acts more like a tool or system rather than a direct data source. The essential element here is that it does not present itself as a standalone dataset since it is part of a larger framework for data management, thus reinforcing my decision that it is not a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SNSOP MIS' is not regarded as a dataset here as it is characterized as a management information system and not a specific source of data in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The situation is worse in rural areas; for instance, only 47 percent of the rural population has access to basic drinking water ( versus 83 percent in urban areas ), and only 19 percent of the rural population has access to safely managed sanitation ( versus 41 percent in urban areas ). The 2017-18 household survey, nquete Djiboutienne Aupres des Menages pour les indicateurs sociaux ( EDAM4-IS ) 3, shows correlation between poor water and sanitation and increased occurrences of ill-health episodes. 6. Significant gender inequalities persist in Djibouti, throughout the lifecycle. Rural women with low levels of education and poor socio-economic status as well as female refugees suffer disproportionately from the multisectoral effects of gender inequalities. The persistence of harmful gender norms affects access to productive resources and limits progress towards gender equality. School enrollment in general and in technical education is growing, but the gender gaps in female-to-male enrollment ratios ( 82 percent in primary, 72 percent in secondary, and 61 percent in higher education ) increase with each level. Unequal access to quality health services particularly affects the sexual and reproductive health of women. The multiplicity of measures taken to economically empower women did not necessarily promote their equitable access to economic opportunities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 388, + 396, + "named" + ], + [ + 76, + 92, + "EDAM4-IS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 292, + 299, + "EDAM4-IS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 300, + 316, + "EDAM4-IS <> data type" + ], + [ + 550, + 558, + "EDAM4-IS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The situation is worse in rural areas; for instance, only 47 percent of the rural population has access to basic drinking water ( versus 83 percent in urban areas ), and only 19 percent of the rural population has access to safely managed sanitation ( versus 41 percent in urban areas ). The 2017-18 household survey, nquete Djiboutienne Aupres des Menages pour les indicateurs sociaux ( EDAM4-IS ) 3, shows correlation between poor water and sanitation and increased occurrences of ill-health episodes. 6.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "EDAM4-IS is a household survey that collects data on social indicators, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a household survey", + "shows correlation between variables", + "used for research and analysis purposes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'EDAM4-IS' is presented explicitly as a household survey, which typically implies that it is a structured collection of data that has been gathered and organized for research purposes. The fact that it is mentioned in the context of showing correlations between water/sanitation access and health outcomes confirms its role as a data source rather than just an infrastructure or project name. The extraction model might have confused it as a dataset because it follows a format often seen with data sources, particularly as it is described with analytical implications, but it\u2019s mostly its mention as a survey that clarifies its role as a dataset. Overall, the contextual evidence strongly supports that it is indeed considered a dataset in this instance rather than merely a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EDAM4-IS is treated as a dataset here because it is clearly labeled as a household survey that provides structured data for analysis, indicating that it is used to perform scientific evaluations of social indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": ". 6 3. 1 9. 2 Excluding HICsc 58 13 22 17 6 2. 9 5. 9 2. 9 9. 2 Horn of Africad 452 28 58 36 8 4. 3 3. 2 0. 9 3. 8 Source: Merchandise export diversification is the latest available year from UNCTAD Stat, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. All other indicators are the latest available year from World Development Indicators, World Bank 17. Communicable diseases and childhood health conditions ( including malnutrition ) still dominate Djibouti \u2019 s burden of disease. They account for seven out of the top ten causes of women \u2019 s and girls \u2019 deaths ( Figure 3 ) ( six out of ten for both sexes ). Water-borne diarrheal diseases exacerbated by climate change, including unpredictable rainfall and rising temperatures account for 8 percent of under-5 deaths. Similarly, the incidence of 10 Notes: a ) Based on a \u201c dissimilarity index, \u201d constructed as follows: Total population, GNI per capita, official development assistance as a share of GNI, and merchandise export diversification where each is standardized by taking the z - score across countries. Each country of the 138 with sufficient data was compared to Djibouti, and the resulting sum of squared differences across the four standardized variables is the index. b ) Middle East and North Africa, World Bank classification c ) High-income countries ( HICs ), according to the World Bank FY22 classification d ) Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia e ) For consistency across countries, this table employs nutrition estimates from the UNICEF-WHO-WB Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates, which indicate a substantially higher rate of stunting than found by the Djibouti 2019 SMART survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 313, + 341, + "named" + ], + [ + 343, + 353, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 454, + 462, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1131, + 1139, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1273, + 1283, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1352, + 1362, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1387, + 1395, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1645, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 Source: Merchandise export diversification is the latest available year from UNCTAD Stat, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. All other indicators are the latest available year from World Development Indicators, World Bank 17. Communicable diseases and childhood health conditions ( including malnutrition ) still dominate Djibouti \u2019 s burden of disease.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data provided by the World Bank, used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "used as a data source", + "described as the source for key indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' is explicitly described as a source of the latest available year of data from the World Bank. This strongly indicates that it refers to a specific collection of structured data points rather than a project or an information system. The reference to providing indicators in the context suggests it is being used academically to support research findings, further signifying its role as a dataset. Although it is possible to interpret it as part of a larger system or project by the World Bank, the direct usage in the context as a primary data source validates its identification as a dataset in this instance. The model may have flagged this due to its proper noun format and the context in which it is mentioned, commonly associated with structured data sources, but here it clearly serves as a dataset reference due to its established role in research and analytics. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' is treated as a dataset since it is highlighted as a source for indicators from the World Bank, clearly used for research purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 15 of 64 Figure 4: Main health problem, last 30 days Children under 5 Children under 1 Source: World Bank visualization based on the 2017-2018 EDAM survey 18. Poor nutrition outcomes for children are pervasive across the country and are often linked to incidence of diarrheal diseases in childhood and increased risk of non-communicable diseases ( NCDs ) in adulthood. Undernutrition accounts for 57 percent of deaths among children under five; it is widespread, with 17 percent underweight and 25 percent stunted with no gender differentials. The stunting rate is higher among rural ( 34 percent ) than urban children ( 19 percent ). Some lagging regions experience higher burden of stunting: 40. 2, 33. 3, and 32. 6 percent in Obock, Dikhil and Tadjourah, respectively. At the same time, deaths due to NCDs such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, cirrhosis, and diabetes have increased significantly between 2009 and 2019. Obesity11 rates are also on the rise \u2013 18. 3 percent for women, 8. 6 percent for men, and about 5 percent for children. The poor adult health outcomes, including a high burden of NCDs, are in part driven by nutrition and health deficiencies accumulated in early childhood12.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 212, + 223, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EDAM survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "EDAM survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 122, + 138, + "EDAM survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 164, + 174, + "EDAM survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 202, + 211, + "EDAM survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 493, + 512, + "EDAM survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 798, + 803, + "EDAM survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 805, + 811, + "EDAM survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 816, + 825, + "EDAM survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 15 of 64 Figure 4: Main health problem, last 30 days Children under 5 Children under 1 Source: World Bank visualization based on the 2017-2018 EDAM survey 18. Poor nutrition outcomes for children are pervasive across the country and are often linked to incidence of diarrheal diseases in childhood and increased risk of non-communicable diseases ( NCDs ) in adulthood.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The EDAM survey is a structured collection of data related to health and nutrition outcomes in Djibouti, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a survey collecting data", + "identified as a source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'EDAM survey' explicitly follows the phrase 'based on', indicating that it is being used as a data source for the World Bank visualization. The context provided suggests that the survey is a structured collection of data (health and nutrition outcomes), reinforcing its role as a dataset. Though it could be mistaken for a project or system, the direct association with a specific collection of data (i.e., a survey) supports its classification as a dataset in this instance. A model might confuse it with a project name due to its phrasing, but the accompanying language clarifies its purpose as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The EDAM survey is a specific health survey that collects structured data, and in this context, it functions clearly as a dataset based on the description." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 729, + 734, + "named" + ], + [ + 240, + 248, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1023, + 1031, + "DHIS2 <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that collects and analyzes health data, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as the rollout of DHIS2", + "DHIS2 is stated alongside other systems like the national Logistics Management Information System", + "described as a health management information system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS2' is explicitly referred to as a management information system that is being rolled out to support health data disaggregation. The text implies that it is an infrastructure tool rather than a specific dataset containing records. Although it handles health data, it functions more as a platform for collection and management rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion for the model may arise because DHIS2 is often associated with data collection and analysis, yet in this mention, it does not fulfill the role of a dataset; it indicates a system or project being implemented for health information management. Hence, I draw the line at considering DHIS2 as a dataset only when it is emphasized in the text as a specific source of structured records used for analysis, which is not the case here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 is treated as a health management information system involved in the implementation of health data processes, rather than as a concrete dataset. Therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 845, + 884, + "named" + ], + [ + 240, + 248, + "Logistics Management Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Logistics Management Information System (eLMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing logistics and supply chain information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project or system, not explicitly as a data source", + "described as a Logistics Management Information System but not as containing datasets or records", + "context indicates it is part of capacity building and operationalization efforts" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Logistics Management Information System' (eLMIS) is presented within a list that includes various health initiative frameworks and strategies. Although the term 'Logistics Management Information System' suggests a structured data collection practice, it is framed here more as a project or infrastructure aimed at improving supply chain management rather than being explicitly referred to as a dataset of records. The mention 'development of and rollout' implies an emphasis on its implementation and operational aspects rather than its data-producing capability. A model might have misidentified it as a dataset due to its formal name and the presence of 'system' in the title, which typically invokes data processing or management contexts. However, without defining it as a direct data source or discussing the data types it contains, it is more appropriate to view it as a tool for managing logistics rather than a dataset per se.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Logistics Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is described as part of a project focusing on system development and operationalization, lacking direct references to data source functionality." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 887, + 892, + "named" + ], + [ + 240, + 248, + "eLMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1023, + 1031, + "eLMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( including regulating and engaging private sector in health ), standards, protocols, guidelines, and plans related to RMNCAH-N, PHC, quality of care, pandemic preparedness and response, digitalization and e-health strategy, integration of refugees into the national health system, human resources for health, review of supply chain efficiency and controls to improve efficiency, prevention of the medicalization of FGM, health care waste management, \u201c green \u201d facilities and climate change mitigation and adaptation measures, emergency preparedness and response, including climate-change induced or exacerbated natural disasters and pandemics / epidemics. TA will also address high-leverage initiatives including the rollout of DHIS2 ( which will disaggregate services by patients \u2019 refugee status ), development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ), and activation and operationalization of a national nutrition surveillance system; TA will also resolve bottlenecks preventing refugees from receiving free services to which they are entitled 30 Topics on climate resilience will include preventive behavior and recognition of warning signs around water - and vector-borne diseases exacerbated by climate change, multi-risk contingency planning and disease surveillance and response.", + "type": "Logistics Management Information System", + "explanation": "eLMIS refers to a structured system for managing logistics data related to health services, making it a dataset used for analysis and operational purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "related to logistics management", + "mentioned as part of a series of initiatives and systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'eLMIS' refers to a Logistics Management Information System (LMIS), which indicates that it is primarily a system designed to manage logistics rather than a direct dataset of structured records. The phrase 'development of and rollout of the national Logistics Management Information System (eLMIS)' clearly describes it as an information system rather than a dataset. The confusion may arise because it is associated with the collection and management of data within health service logistics; however, it is ultimately a tool or infrastructure that supports data management, rather than a stand-alone dataset itself. The model likely misidentified it as a dataset due to its formal name and capitalization, possibly interpreting it similarly to actual datasets that are often named and referred to in healthcare research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'eLMIS' is treated more accurately as a management information system rather than a dataset, as it functions as a system facilitating logistics data and is explicitly described in terms of its development and rollout, rather than presenting itself as a source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "procurement, and financial management and is headed by Director of the DGP DRHF: Directorate of Human Resources and Training responsible for the allocation, redeployment and strengthening of health human resources DPCI: Directorate of Planning and International Cooperation is responsible for continuing to discuss and channel the PTFs in collaboration with the DGP and the SG DSME: Directorate of Mother and Child responsible for technical design, monitoring and supervision of the implementation of quality of care for mother and child health DSNIS: Directorate for Data and Research which will support the implementation and development of data collection tools ( DHIS2 functionality, patient file, etc. ) DRFM: The Directorate of Financial and Material Resources responsible for financial and material monitoring at the central and decentralized levels, including procurement needs DRS: The Directorate for Regional Health responsible for primary and secondary health facilities DPS: Health promotion Directorate which will coordinate all interventions at the community level", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 667, + 672, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "procurement, and financial management and is headed by Director of the DGP DRHF: Directorate of Human Resources and Training responsible for the allocation, redeployment and strengthening of health human resources DPCI: Directorate of Planning and International Cooperation is responsible for continuing to discuss and channel the PTFs in collaboration with the DGP and the SG DSME: Directorate of Mother and Child responsible for technical design, monitoring and supervision of the implementation of quality of care for mother and child health DSNIS: Directorate for Data and Research which will support the implementation and development of data collection tools ( DHIS2 functionality, patient file, etc. ) DRFM: The Directorate of Financial and Material Resources responsible for financial and material monitoring at the central and decentralized levels, including procurement needs DRS: The Directorate for Regional Health responsible for primary and secondary health facilities DPS: Health promotion Directorate which will coordinate all interventions at the community level", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health information system tool used for data collection and management, not a dataset itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a functionality within a health information system", + "mentions other systems and directorates without indicating it as a standalone dataset", + "included in a broader discussion of tools without delineating it as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'DHIS2' appears in a sentence that discusses various directorates responsible for data collection and health management, alongside references to other equal components of a health system. The surrounding text does not treat DHIS2 as a concrete dataset but rather as a functionality of a health information system designed for data collection. This leads me to conclude that DHIS2 is better characterized as a tool or platform that stores data, rather than being a specific dataset itself. The model could have been misled because 'DHIS2' is capitalized and appears alongside terms that imply data or functionality. However, it does not fit the indicators that would classify it as a dataset, such as being used as a clear data source in the analysis or being explicitly described as containing structured records on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS2 is recognized as a functionality of an information system rather than an individual dataset; therefore, it isn\u2019t classified as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 50 of 64 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist ( Number ) 0. 00 80. 00 Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Component 2: Strengthening institutions, citizen engagement and project management Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) ( Percentage ) 35. 00 65. 00 Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 65. 00 Health surveys conducted and results made public ( Number ) 0. 00 2. 00 Expectant women using a transport voucher or staying in a maternal waiting home to ensure safe deliveries ( Number ) 0. 00 20, 000. 00 Of which refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 200. 00 Of which host community residents ( Number ) 0. 00 2, 000. 00 Completion of annual regional and national health fora with adopted resolutions ( Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 717, + 723, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 60. 00 Component 2: Strengthening institutions, citizen engagement and project management Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) ( Percentage ) 35. 00 65.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "DHIS-2 is a health information system tool, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project or implementation rather than a direct data source", + "described in the context of data entry rather than as a dataset itself", + "appears alongside project management terminology", + "lacks specificity as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'DHIS-2' refers to the implementation of a health information system designed to facilitate data entry and management within health facilities. While DHIS-2 indeed manages datasets related to health indicators and statistics, the phrasing used suggests that it is being referenced in a broader context, focusing on its role in project implementation rather than as a standalone dataset. The explicit mention of 'data entry at the facility level' indicates its function as a tool or system operating within a larger framework rather than as a dataset itself. This presents a potential area of confusion for a model because it could misinterpret the term due to its structured nature or recognition as a health information management system with data-related functionality. Additionally, it appears in a list that aligns with project management facets, which further emphasizes its identity as a system rather than a discrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS-2' is not treated as a dataset but rather as an information system facilitating data-related activities within health facilities." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 50 of 64 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist ( Number ) 0. 00 80. 00 Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Component 2: Strengthening institutions, citizen engagement and project management Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) ( Percentage ) 35. 00 65. 00 Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 65. 00 Health surveys conducted and results made public ( Number ) 0. 00 2. 00 Expectant women using a transport voucher or staying in a maternal waiting home to ensure safe deliveries ( Number ) 0. 00 20, 000. 00 Of which refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 200. 00 Of which host community residents ( Number ) 0. 00 2, 000. 00 Completion of annual regional and national health fora with adopted resolutions ( Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 741, + 747, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 60. 00 Component 2: Strengthening institutions, citizen engagement and project management Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) ( Percentage ) 35. 00 65.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "DHIS-2 is a health information system tool, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an implementation", + "described as data entry at the facility level", + "context suggests it serves as a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'DHIS-2' is tied to a component focused on 'strengthening institutions, citizen engagement, and project management', indicating its role as a system for health information management rather than a defined dataset. The phrase 'data entry at the facility level' further suggests that DHIS-2 serves to aggregate or manage data entries but does not itself signify a structured collection of records suitable for analysis. This context indicates that DHIS-2 functions more as an infrastructure/platform rather than a discrete dataset used in research or analysis. The model may have been confused due to the proximity to terms like 'data entry', which can lead to the assumption that DHIS-2 is directly involved with datasets, whereas it's actually describing the capability of the system to collect or manage data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, DHIS-2 does not qualify as a dataset because it is primarily a management information system that supports data entry and health information management, rather than a specific collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 50 of 64 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist ( Number ) 0. 00 80. 00 Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM ( Percentage ) 0. 00 60. 00 Component 2: Strengthening institutions, citizen engagement and project management Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) ( Percentage ) 35. 00 65. 00 Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 65. 00 Health surveys conducted and results made public ( Number ) 0. 00 2. 00 Expectant women using a transport voucher or staying in a maternal waiting home to ensure safe deliveries ( Number ) 0. 00 20, 000. 00 Of which refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 200. 00 Of which host community residents ( Number ) 0. 00 2, 000. 00 Completion of annual regional and national health fora with adopted resolutions ( Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 849, + 897, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 65. 00 Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) ( Percentage ) 0. 00 65.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The National Logistics Management Information System refers to a system for managing logistics information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "not described as a source of structured records", + "context implies system rather than actionable dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, the 'National Logistics Management Information System' is explicitly referred to as a system for managing logistics information. The fragment of text provided suggests that it facilitates some kind of reporting (i.e., the percentage of facilities connected), but it does not provide evidence that it represents a collection of structured datasets used for research or statistical analysis. The context focuses on the connection of facilities to this larger system rather than extracting data from a well-defined dataset. The model may have interpreted this as a dataset mention due to its capitalization and the formal naming format, which often indicates databases or datasets; however, it lacks the indication that this is being used as a direct source for data analysis or referencing specific data points.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term does not qualify as a dataset; it is clearly identified as a management information system intended for logistics information management." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 59, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 55 of 64 resident of the commune of Balbala. Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1162, + 1168, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS-2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 114, + 138, + "DHIS-2 <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS-2 is a health management information system that collects and manages health data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a health management information system", + "described as implementing data entry but not as a primary data source", + "follows mentions of other MIS and project reviews" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'DHIS-2' is referred to as a health management information system. While it indeed collects and manages health data, the context implies it is functioning as a system that is used for data entry at the facility level rather than presenting its own dataset that can be directly analyzed. The phrase 'Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation (DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level)' suggests that DHIS-2 is utilized for data collection but does not indicate that the system's output is being used as a dataset for analysis. Additionally, DHIS-2 is listed alongside other systems (like eLMIS) and project reviews, which reinforces the notion that it functions more as an infrastructure tool. The confusion may arise as the model may take the presence of 'DHIS-2' alongside phrases and projects as a sign of it being a dataset, but it should be more accurately viewed as a system enabling data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS-2' operates as a health management information system rather than a distinct dataset; it is used for data entry and implementation at facilities, without indicating that its results represent a standalone dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 59, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 55 of 64 resident of the commune of Balbala. Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1186, + 1192, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "DHIS-2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1458, + 1472, + "DHIS-2 <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS-2 is a health information system used for collecting, managing, and analyzing health data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an implementation of a health information system", + "follows 'Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation'", + "context implies use of a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'DHIS-2' is referred to as a health information system implemented at health facilities. The phrase 'Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation' indicates that it is being treated as an operational or management system rather than a dataset itself. Although DHIS-2 serves as a tool for collecting and managing health data, the text does not explicitly state that the analysis is using data from DHIS-2. Therefore, while it may contain structured health data, in this context, it acts more as a system or infrastructure rather than a distinct dataset. The potential confusion for model extraction could stem from the capitalization of 'DHIS-2' and its association in the text with health-related activities, possibly leading to an inference that it is a dataset. Additionally, it follows other mentions of health management systems (e.g. Human resources MIS), which could add to the ambiguity regarding its classification as a dataset versus a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS-2' is considered a health information system rather than a specific dataset because it is mentioned as a tool for implementation at health facilities rather than a direct source of structured records used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "026_Djibouti-Health-System-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 59, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Health System Strengthening ( P178033 ) Page 55 of 64 resident of the commune of Balbala. Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1332, + 1380, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Public health facilities with safe disposal of sharps waste Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Facilities receiving PBF payment within 30 days of submission of verification of results Semi - annual Accounting system Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Average user experience score among PBF / DFF participating facilities User experience score is a zero if not collected. Quarterly IVA Quarterly IVA and PBF report MOH Primary health facilities with functional Facility Community Committee assessed by the PBF quality checklist Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities with functioning community health workers per the norms set by the National Community Health Strategy Semi - annual Human resources MIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Communities that have formally declared the abandonment of the practice of FGM Annual Official act by community leadership Annual internal project review by DGP ( combined with semi - annual review ) MOH Facilities with DHIS-2 implementation ( DHIS-2 data entry at the facility level ) Semi - annual DHIS2 Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System ( eLMIS ) Semi - annual eLMIS Semi-annual internal project review by DGP MOH Health surveys conducted and results made public Survey results will lead to action plans after every Semi - annual DGP Semi-annual", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The National Logistics Management Information System refers to a system for managing logistics information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described as storing logistics information", + "appears alongside other systems and projects, not listed as a dataset", + "follows a phrase indicating it is connected to services, not data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'National Logistics Management Information System' is framed as a management information system (MIS) specifically for logistics, which typically indicates a structural role in processing and managing data rather than serving as a dataset itself. The phrase 'Facilities that are connected to the National Logistics Management Information System' implies that it serves as a tool or platform that enables data management rather than a repository of standalone data. This is further supported by the enumeration alongside other systems, suggesting a commonality in function rather than dataset validity. The model may have misidentified this mention as a dataset because it shares formal naming conventions and could appear to be a proper dataset in a different context, especially if not considering the broader framework of types of data sources. However, since it's explicitly named as an MIS, it should not be treated as a dataset in this circumstance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Logistics Management Information System' is better understood as an information system that manages logistics data, not as a dataset. It functions as a tool rather than a structured collection of data meant for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Of the more than 750, 000 refugees17 registered in Jordan ( 89 percent of whom came from Syria ), an estimated 17 percent live in the Za \u2019 atari and Azraq refugee camps, while the remaining 83 percent are mostly in Jordan \u2019 s urban areas. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, food security has been a key concern for refugees in both camps and in host communities mainly due to the loss of income from temporary and informal labor activities. More than 80 percent of labor activities performed by non-Jordanians are estimated to take place in the informal economy versus 40 percent for Jordanian citizens ( MOSD, 2019 ). February 2021 mVAM data showed that 23. 3 percent of refugee households in host communities are food insecure ( over 154, 777 individuals ), while another 63. 7 percent of refugee households ( equivalent to approximately 423, 344 individuals ) are vulnerable to food insecurity. 12. Ensuring food security and social stability are at the core of the urgent need to ensure availability of and access to staple food. Bread is an essential part of the diet in Jordan and represents the main caloric source for the poorest Jordanians and the many refugees in the country.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 604, + 608, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, food security has been a key concern for refugees in both camps and in host communities mainly due to the loss of income from temporary and informal labor activities. More than 80 percent of labor activities performed by non-Jordanians are estimated to take place in the informal economy versus 40 percent for Jordanian citizens ( MOSD, 2019 ). February 2021 mVAM data showed that 23.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MOSD refers to an organization (Ministry of Social Development) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a date but not described as containing data", + "refers to an organization (Ministry of Social Development)", + "does not imply direct access to structured records or datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'MOSD' is referred to in the context of an organization's involvement with social development related to food security during the COVID-19 pandemic. The phrase 'MOSD, 2019' indicates a citation of a report or data that may have been produced by the Ministry. However, there are no direct indicators that MOSD functions as a dataset itself or that it provides a structured collection of data for analysis. Rather, it represents an organizational entity instead of a concrete data source. This could confuse a model, particularly if it looks for architectures of management systems or platforms that may house data rather than understanding the fundamental distinction between an organization and the datasets it may generate. The lack of explicit mention of data or records being sourced or analyzed from MOSD indicates that it should not be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, MOSD is not a dataset but refers to the Ministry of Social Development, which does not constitute a structured data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Of the more than 750, 000 refugees17 registered in Jordan ( 89 percent of whom came from Syria ), an estimated 17 percent live in the Za \u2019 atari and Azraq refugee camps, while the remaining 83 percent are mostly in Jordan \u2019 s urban areas. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, food security has been a key concern for refugees in both camps and in host communities mainly due to the loss of income from temporary and informal labor activities. More than 80 percent of labor activities performed by non-Jordanians are estimated to take place in the informal economy versus 40 percent for Jordanian citizens ( MOSD, 2019 ). February 2021 mVAM data showed that 23. 3 percent of refugee households in host communities are food insecure ( over 154, 777 individuals ), while another 63. 7 percent of refugee households ( equivalent to approximately 423, 344 individuals ) are vulnerable to food insecurity. 12. Ensuring food security and social stability are at the core of the urgent need to ensure availability of and access to staple food. Bread is an essential part of the diet in Jordan and represents the main caloric source for the poorest Jordanians and the many refugees in the country.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 632, + 641, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 57, + "mVAM data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 215, + 221, + "mVAM data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 618, + 631, + "mVAM data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 671, + 689, + "mVAM data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 790, + 808, + "mVAM data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1075, + 1081, + "mVAM data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More than 80 percent of labor activities performed by non-Jordanians are estimated to take place in the informal economy versus 40 percent for Jordanian citizens ( MOSD, 2019 ). February 2021 mVAM data showed that 23. 3 percent of refugee households in host communities are food insecure ( over 154, 777 individuals ), while another 63.", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "mVAM data refers to a structured collection of data related to food security among refugees, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'February 2021' which indicates specific timing", + "described as data showing food insecurity", + "implies structured data due to mention of percentages and statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'mVAM data' is specifically referenced with a temporal reference ('February 2021') and provides statistical indicators regarding food insecurity among refugee households. This suggests that it is a dataset that has been analyzed to produce quantifiable information rather than a project name or system focused solely on data storage. While 'mVAM' could refer to a larger program or monitoring initiative, the context in which it is used here clearly frames it as data used to derive findings about food security. The model likely identified it as a dataset due to its format, numerical indicators, and the explicit contextual structures that designate it as a source of analyzed information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'mVAM data' is considered a dataset because it is used to convey specific statistical findings about food insecurity, thus acting as a concrete data source in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The design of the project should focus on responding to the government \u2019 s short-term priority and to the urgent needs of the beneficiaries, as a key factor in the project \u2019 s successful implementation. \u2022 Project monitoring and evaluation: Establishing an effective monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system in the context of a crisis response operation is a challenge, but its importance should not be underestimated. 50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers. The Takaful program under NAF uses a targeting formula that includes 57 socioeconomic indicators, including by sex and gender of the household head, recognizing the additional vulnerabilities females ( and particularly female-headed households ) face. The targeting formula is then applied again to the verified registration data to select the poorest 100, 000 households according to the formula score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 487, + 494, + "named" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1250, + "Takaful <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1371, + 1398, + "Takaful <> data description" + ], + [ + 1605, + 1631, + "Takaful <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Takaful database is a structured collection of data that includes administratively verified information for over one million households, used for social assistance targeting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018builds on evidence from\u2019", + "described as a national welfare support program", + "implies structured collection of data for administrative purposes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful' is mentioned in relation to monitoring and a national welfare support program. It is indicated that the program has a structured approach to digitization and targeting based on coverage targets. This suggests that it operates as a formalized mechanism involving data collection and outcomes. The phrase 'builds on evidence' hints at its role in data analysis, supporting the conclusion that it functions with a structured dataset behind it.\n\nWhile 'Takaful' can also imply a program, the context clearly outlines its function in terms of data handling and administrative use. The extraction model may have confused it with a named project because of capitalization and the lack of explicit detail about its data composition, but the overall framing suggests a systematic approach to data collection that aligns closely with that of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful' functions as a dataset because it is associated with structured administrative data collection used for social assistance, even if it is also a project name." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The design of the project should focus on responding to the government \u2019 s short-term priority and to the urgent needs of the beneficiaries, as a key factor in the project \u2019 s successful implementation. \u2022 Project monitoring and evaluation: Establishing an effective monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system in the context of a crisis response operation is a challenge, but its importance should not be underestimated. 50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers. The Takaful program under NAF uses a targeting formula that includes 57 socioeconomic indicators, including by sex and gender of the household head, recognizing the additional vulnerabilities females ( and particularly female-headed households ) face. The targeting formula is then applied again to the verified registration data to select the poorest 100, 000 households according to the formula score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 564, + 571, + "named" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1250, + "Takaful <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1371, + 1398, + "Takaful <> data description" + ], + [ + 1605, + 1631, + "Takaful <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Takaful database is a structured collection of data that includes administratively verified information for over one million households, used for social assistance targeting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a national welfare support program", + "mentioned alongside the implementation aspect rather than as a data source explicitly", + "describes automated processes for data management but focuses more on programmatic functions than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful' refers primarily to a national welfare support program rather than a specific dataset. The text reveals that Takaful includes processes related to data collection and management, but it does not explicitly identify it as a dataset. Instead, it describes how Takaful serves as a mechanism or platform for the implementation of social assistance measures. The mention of processes such as online registration and data verification suggests that while Takaful handles data, it operates more like an information system or a project than a standalone dataset. The confusion likely arises from the model's interpretation of project names or systems as data sources when they include data-related actions or functionalities, hence misclassifying it as a dataset. Overall, Takaful functions as an infrastructure for data handling rather than a distinct dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Takaful' is better understood as a national welfare support program rather than a dataset, as the context emphasizes its role in automation and program implementation without explicitly treating it as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The design of the project should focus on responding to the government \u2019 s short-term priority and to the urgent needs of the beneficiaries, as a key factor in the project \u2019 s successful implementation. \u2022 Project monitoring and evaluation: Establishing an effective monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system in the context of a crisis response operation is a challenge, but its importance should not be underestimated. 50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers. The Takaful program under NAF uses a targeting formula that includes 57 socioeconomic indicators, including by sex and gender of the household head, recognizing the additional vulnerabilities females ( and particularly female-headed households ) face. The targeting formula is then applied again to the verified registration data to select the poorest 100, 000 households according to the formula score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 704, + 711, + "named" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1250, + "Takaful <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1371, + 1398, + "Takaful <> data description" + ], + [ + 1605, + 1631, + "Takaful <> data type" + ], + [ + 1721, + 1739, + "Takaful <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Takaful database is a structured collection of data that includes administratively verified information for over one million households, used for social assistance targeting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "contains administratively verified data", + "used for social assistance targeting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful' is described extensively in relation to its functions with data, specifically detailing processes like registration and data verification. The term leads into a description of its database that holds data on over a million households, suggesting it's not just a program but also a structured collection of records. The mention of data being 'administratively verified' and the purpose of the database for social assistance targeting reinforces that 'Takaful' is indeed functioning as a dataset here. However, there\u2019s potential confusion because 'Takaful' is also being referred to as a welfare program and could be interpreted as a broader initiative rather than solely as a data source. The language surrounding it may have led the model to consider it as a named entity, possibly overlooking its dataset characteristics. Nonetheless, the specifics regarding the database's function point to it being a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Takaful' refers to a database that holds structured data about beneficiaries, which validates its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The design of the project should focus on responding to the government \u2019 s short-term priority and to the urgent needs of the beneficiaries, as a key factor in the project \u2019 s successful implementation. \u2022 Project monitoring and evaluation: Establishing an effective monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system in the context of a crisis response operation is a challenge, but its importance should not be underestimated. 50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers. The Takaful program under NAF uses a targeting formula that includes 57 socioeconomic indicators, including by sex and gender of the household head, recognizing the additional vulnerabilities females ( and particularly female-headed households ) face. The targeting formula is then applied again to the verified registration data to select the poorest 100, 000 households according to the formula score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 940, + 956, + "named" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1250, + "Takaful database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1371, + 1398, + "Takaful database <> data description" + ], + [ + 1605, + 1631, + "Takaful database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Takaful database is a structured collection of data that includes administratively verified information for over one million households, making it a dataset used for social assistance analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "contains verified data for over one million households", + "used for social assistance analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful database' is explicitly described as a database that contains verified data for a substantial number of households. The text highlights that it is a structured collection of data, specifically noting that it includes administratively verified and current information for social assistance purposes. This indicates that the 'Takaful database' serves as more than just a tool or platform; it functions as a primary source of structured records used for analysis. While it might initially evoke thoughts of a system or platform, the clear mention of data being stored and utilized for analysis justifies treating it as a dataset. The presence of robust details surrounding the validation and usage of the information strengthens the argument that it behaves as a dataset in this context, despite the potential for confusion with systems or projects that also house data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the 'Takaful database' is treated as a dataset because it is clearly described as a structured collection of data used for social assistance analysis, filled with verified records, moving beyond the identity of a system or project." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The design of the project should focus on responding to the government \u2019 s short-term priority and to the urgent needs of the beneficiaries, as a key factor in the project \u2019 s successful implementation. \u2022 Project monitoring and evaluation: Establishing an effective monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system in the context of a crisis response operation is a challenge, but its importance should not be underestimated. 50. The project also builds on evidence from the implementation of Takaful, as it relates to monitoring. The national welfare support program \u201c Takaful \u201d has increased the use of digitization, and refinement of targeting based on government coverage targets using national databases. Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers. The Takaful program under NAF uses a targeting formula that includes 57 socioeconomic indicators, including by sex and gender of the household head, recognizing the additional vulnerabilities females ( and particularly female-headed households ) face. The targeting formula is then applied again to the verified registration data to select the poorest 100, 000 households according to the formula score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1089, + 1096, + "named" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1250, + "Takaful <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1371, + 1398, + "Takaful <> data description" + ], + [ + 1605, + 1631, + "Takaful <> data type" + ], + [ + 1721, + 1739, + "Takaful <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Takaful has automated processes for online registration, data verification, selection of households for field verification, as well as selection, enrollment, and digital payment to beneficiaries through bank accounts and e-wallets. The Takaful database already includes administratively verified and most up-to-date data for over one million households who applied earlier through the Takaful platform for social assistance. Nevertheless, for registration of applicants, the National Aid Fund ( NAF ) reaches out to poor and vulnerable households in remote areas using mobile registration centers.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Takaful database is a structured collection of data that includes administratively verified information for over one million households, used for social assistance targeting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "includes administratively verified data for over one million households", + "mentioned in the context of social assistance targeting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Takaful' refers specifically to a database that contains a large volume of verified data about households. The sentence directly states that the Takaful database includes data for over one million households which indicates it functions similarly to a dataset used for analysis and targeting social assistance. Accumulated data is a crucial indicator here since it emphasizes that the Takaful contains detailed records rather than just being a general project or a system. The term does appear to be both a platform for registration and a structured database, but given the direct mention of it having a substantial and verified dataset used for practical applications in the field, this implies that it effectively serves the role of a dataset in this instance. Causing potential confusion, the mention might lead to some to view 'Takaful' as simply a program or initiative; however, its function as a repository of structured data clarifies its classification as a dataset in this particular context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Takaful' is treated as a dataset because it is specifically referred to as a database containing significant, verified information about households, and it\u2019s employed for social assistance targeting." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Cumulative amount of barley procured through the project Cumulative amount of barley imports procured with project financing since the start of the project and delivered to the port of Aqaba Monthly and at the end of the project implementati on period MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Policy framework for mitigating commodity risk developed Series of policy reports supported with project financing completed and Twice per year and at the end of Project monitoring system Progress status report of analytical and stakeholder Project Coordination Team", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 10, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 82, + "MOITS Data <> author" + ], + [ + 83, + 207, + "MOITS Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 260, + 273, + "MOITS Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 386, + 417, + "MOITS Data <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Cumulative amount of barley procured through the project Cumulative amount of barley imports procured with project financing since the start of the project and delivered to the port of Aqaba Monthly and at the end of the project implementati on period MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Policy framework for mitigating commodity risk developed Series of policy reports supported with project financing completed and Twice per year and at the end of Project monitoring system Progress status report of analytical and stakeholder Project Coordination Team", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "The term refers to data collected regularly by the MOITS Project Coordination Team, indicating a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as 'collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team'", + "described in the context of project activities rather than as a structured dataset", + "MOITS Data likely represents outputs of the project rather than an independent dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon examining the context, the term 'MOITS Data' appears to be intricately linked to the MOITS Project and its activities. The phrase 'collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team' suggests that this data is an output or product of the project rather than a standalone dataset. While it is structured and collected methodically, its mention in conjunction with project coordination and reporting indicates it functions more as a byproduct of the project's ongoing operations. Therefore, I conclude that 'MOITS Data' is not a distinct dataset in itself but rather an extension of project activities that produces data. The model might have been confused by the use of 'Data' in the term and the structure of the phrase, which could lead to interpreting it as indicative of a dataset. Furthermore, capitalized terms in research often signal databases or datasets, contributing to potential misinterpretation here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MOITS Data' does not function as an independent dataset in this context; instead, it is tied closely to the project, indicating data collected as part of the project\u2019s activities rather than a discrete or structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Cumulative amount of barley procured through the project Cumulative amount of barley imports procured with project financing since the start of the project and delivered to the port of Aqaba Monthly and at the end of the project implementati on period MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Policy framework for mitigating commodity risk developed Series of policy reports supported with project financing completed and Twice per year and at the end of Project monitoring system Progress status report of analytical and stakeholder Project Coordination Team", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 335, + 345, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 82, + "MOITS Data <> author" + ], + [ + 83, + 207, + "MOITS Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 260, + 273, + "MOITS Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 386, + 417, + "MOITS Data <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Cumulative amount of barley procured through the project Cumulative amount of barley imports procured with project financing since the start of the project and delivered to the port of Aqaba Monthly and at the end of the project implementati on period MOITS Data collected regularly and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team Policy framework for mitigating commodity risk developed Series of policy reports supported with project financing completed and Twice per year and at the end of Project monitoring system Progress status report of analytical and stakeholder Project Coordination Team", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected and reported by the MOITS Project Coordination Team, which includes cumulative amounts of barley procured and imported.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data collected by a project team", + "mentioned alongside project indicators", + "project but mentioned as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MOITS Data' is tied to the work of the MOITS Project Coordination Team, indicating it is not simply a static dataset but rather data collected regularly for the project. Elements like 'cumulative amount of barley procured' suggest that the data is contextualized within ongoing project activities rather than framed as an independent dataset. The term did appear in a way that may easily mislead a model into classifying it as a dataset due to its structured appearance. However, it is evident that this is part of a broader project framework rather than a dataset that could be isolated independently. The model likely confused it because of its proper name formatting and semblance of being a data source, but it's inherently tied to project activities and operations.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MOITS Data' is contextually linked to ongoing project efforts rather than existing as an independent dataset, thus it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Emergency Food Security Project ( P178936 ) Page 47 of 54 for the wheat and barley operations within the Ministry. 7. MoITS wheat and barley operations. Although MoITS follows government systems, guidelines and procedures in the majority of its operations and mainly operational and capital expenditures, the wheat and barley operations are managed diffidently, very similar to private sector operations. A separate designated special trade bank account is opened at the CBJ and is used for all transactions related to wheat and barley including revenues and expenditures, separate financial statements are prepared using the accrual basis of accounting and based on the International Financial Reporting Standards ( IFRS ). In addition, MOIST follows the best practice procedures and standards available in the local and global wheat and barley markets in their operations. 8. Accounting and Financial Reporting. The project will follow International Public Sector Accounting Standards ( IPSAS ) or the IFRS - cash basis for accounting. The Government adopts a Chart of Accounts ( COA ) that is compatible with Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ) 2001. MOF rolled out GFMIS to all of Jordan \u2019 s line ministries including MOIST in November 2019. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1127, + 1177, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will follow International Public Sector Accounting Standards ( IPSAS ) or the IFRS - cash basis for accounting. The Government adopts a Chart of Accounts ( COA ) that is compatible with Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ) 2001. MOF rolled out GFMIS to all of Jordan \u2019 s line ministries including MOIST in November 2019.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Government Financial Management Information System (GFMIS) is a system used for financial management and reporting, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for financial management and reporting", + "not described as a source of structured data", + "follows a mention of accounting standards, indicating its role in financial management rather than data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Government Financial Management Information System' (GFMIS) clearly functions as the name of a financial management system rather than a dataset. It is referred to in the context of implementing accounting standards and managing financial practices across ministries, which suggests its role as a tool or infrastructure for financial reporting rather than as a direct source of data for research purposes. The mention does not indicate that it collects or stores data that is being directly analyzed or used; rather, it outlines the system used to manage financial information. This distinction is important since the extraction model might confuse systems and datasets due to similar terminology and the structural role of such systems in data handling. It is easy for models to mistake system names for datasets if they are not careful about the specific context and relational wording. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'analyzed data from' further supports that it is not a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Government Financial Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is described as a system used for financial management rather than a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution. For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets. 9. Financial Section of the POM: MoITS will develop the FM section of the POM used in the project which will cover all administrative, financial, and accounting, budgetary, and human resources procedures relevant to the additional activities to be financed under the project. The POM should describe the payment procedures, including controls and oversight arrangements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 55, + 63, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution.", + "type": "application software", + "explanation": "Hyperion is a software application used for budget preparation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of core application software", + "used for budget preparation, not data collection", + "enumerated alongside other software tools" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Hyperion' is explicitly described as software used for budget preparation. It does not refer to a specific structured collection of data or records but rather to the tool utilized for the budgeting process. The surrounding phrases indicate it is one application within a suite of software tools related to financial management. This can create confusion for models as 'Hyperion' appears in a list that discusses budget processes and could sound like it holds data. However, it is clear that it functions more as an operational software application rather than a dataset itself. Proper dataset mentions typically describe collections of data or databases; here, 'Hyperion' does not fulfill that role since it is not a data source but a preparation tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Hyperion' is not a dataset in this context as it serves as a software application for budget preparation, indicating it is a tool rather than a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution. For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets. 9. Financial Section of the POM: MoITS will develop the FM section of the POM used in the project which will cover all administrative, financial, and accounting, budgetary, and human resources procedures relevant to the additional activities to be financed under the project. The POM should describe the payment procedures, including controls and oversight arrangements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 267, + 272, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution. For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is an application used for budget execution, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management information system", + "mentioned in the context of budget execution", + "not enumerated alongside actual datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is explicitly referred to as a financial management information system (FMIS) used for budget execution. While it handles data related to budget processes, it is fundamentally a tool or system rather than a structured dataset. The language used, such as 'fully utilized for budget execution,' emphasizes its role as an operational application rather than a source of raw data or statistics. Moreover, it is mentioned among other applications associated with budget preparation and execution, rather than in a list of datasets or direct data sources. A model might be confused here because 'GFMIS' is capitalized and sounds like it could be a dataset, especially since it deals with records related to financial management. However, the context clarifies its purpose and function as a system, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not treated as a dataset here because it is a financial management information system specifically used for budget execution, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution. For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets. 9. Financial Section of the POM: MoITS will develop the FM section of the POM used in the project which will cover all administrative, financial, and accounting, budgetary, and human resources procedures relevant to the additional activities to be financed under the project. The POM should describe the payment procedures, including controls and oversight arrangements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 841, + 848, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "WA-IFRs refers to a type of financial report rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to financial reporting, not as a data source", + "accompanied by references to ICT tools and systems for data handling", + "linked to specific reporting requirements rather than representing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WA-IFRs' refers to 'Withdrawal Application Interim Financial Reports', which are specific types of financial reports rather than a collection of structured data. The surrounding text indicates that the reports are produced using data sourced from other systems (like the Oracle database) and tools. The phrase 'used for recording the day-to-day transactions' suggests that WA-IFRs are not a dataset themselves but rather a format or output derived from data recorded in the Oracle system and spreadsheets. The model might confuse this term for a dataset because it is presented with financial activities, and the terminology resembles that of data management. However, the key distinction lies in the fact that WA-IFRs serve as reports rather than databases or datasets that store data. Models that identify dataset mentions might misinterpret the context due to the presence of technical terminology associated with data management and reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WA-IFRs is not a dataset; it refers to a specific type of financial report generated from data in an accounting system, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "027_Jordan-Emergency-Food-Security-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The current core application software comprises: ( i ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( ii ) ORACLE financials for budget execution; and ( iii ) software for interfacing with other software for Debt Management, Payroll, Bank Reconciliation, and Revenue Management. GFMIS is fully utilized for budget execution. For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets. 9. Financial Section of the POM: MoITS will develop the FM section of the POM used in the project which will cover all administrative, financial, and accounting, budgetary, and human resources procedures relevant to the additional activities to be financed under the project. The POM should describe the payment procedures, including controls and oversight arrangements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 857, + 872, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For budget preparation, however, there are manual interventions with various ICT tools being used. MoITS will utilize the functionalities available in their Oracle database and accounting module when recording transactions related to the Project operations, by creating a separate cost center for the Project which is used for recording the day-to-day transactions and large contract purchases under both components, the FO might also use excel sheet in support of the Oracle system to prepare Bank required reports such as the WA-IFRs and the Semiannual IFRs. Furthermore, the assigned FO will work on improving the automated linkage between the MoITS \u2019 Oracle based accounting system and the IFRs to be produced for the Bank purposes on excel spread sheets.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "Semiannual IFRs refers to financial reports rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as financial reports rather than structured data; follows mention of accounting processes and ICT tools; context emphasizes manual interventions and creative reporting rather than systematic data storage", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Semiannual IFRs' appears to refer specifically to financial reports that are produced at semiannual intervals mainly for reporting purposes to the bank. The text emphasizes manual interventions and mentions how data inputs are gathered through various ICT tools, including an Oracle database and accounting module. Although the term appears alongside mentions of systems and has a structured element to it, it is not being described as a source of raw data. Instead, it is the output or final representation of the data gathered, not a dataset itself. The possibility of confusion for the model might arise from the way 'IFRs' are structured and reported like datasets, alongside mentions of systems capable of storing data; however, 'Semiannual IFRs' serves as a report generated from the underlying data, rather than being a dataset in its own right. Thus, the distinction lies in recognizing that while it is related to data, it does not serve as a structured collection for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Semiannual IFRs' is not a dataset; it represents financial reports rather than a collection of data used for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The Government of Ethiopia \u2019 s 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 reported having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 30 These data, however, likely belie the full extent of the challenge. A survey conducted by the UN Population Fund ( UNFPA ) in 2010 among youths between the ages 12 and 24 in select regions indicates that GBV prevalence may be even higher31, with 15 percent of young women reporting having experienced sexual violence in their lifetime. 32 Experience of intimate partner violence is particularly pronounced; more than one third of women ( 34 percent ) have experienced some form of spousal violence \u2013 physical, sexual, or emotional. The survey found that acceptability of use of violence at home was high, with 63 percent of women and 27. 6 percent of men believing that wife beating was justified for at least one specified reason. 33 Help seeking behavior of GBV survivors was found to be limited \u2013 only 23 percent of women who experienced physical and / or sexual violence sought help, while 66 percent of women never sought help nor told anyone about their experience.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 36, + 74, + "named" + ], + [ + 31, + 35, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 36, + 44, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 108, + 127, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 365, + 371, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Government of Ethiopia \u2019 s 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 reported having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 30 These data, however, likely belie the full extent of the challenge.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic factors in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018indicates that\u2019", + "described as a survey", + "used for health and demographic analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is clearly being treated as a specific source of data because it is referenced in a manner that indicates it provides concrete statistical results about health and demographic factors in Ethiopia. The phrase 'indicates that' establishes it as an authoritative source of information about the data reported. Although it might be construed as a project or system, the context directly points to it being a dataset drawing structured records from the survey results. The initial judgment correctly identified it as a dataset, and the model likely recognized it due to its formal naming and clear reference to data. The term is not presented merely as part of a project description but as a primary source for the data being referenced, which supports the conclusion that it functions as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referred to as the source of statistical data about health and demographics, providing structured data points for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "As in other countries, fear of stigmatization, retaliation, and rejection likely impede women from reporting experiences of violence or seeking care. Harmful practices persist in Ethiopia, with 65 percent of women having experienced some form of female genital 27 IOM estimates that there were 2, 091, 387 IDPs in Ethiopia in December 2020 / January 2021 ( as reported in its Ethiopia National Displacement Report 7 ) and noted that there were 4, 239, 636 IDPs in Ethiopia in September 2021 ( as reported in its Ethiopia National Displacement Report 10, which is the most recent data available ). 28 Ibid. 29 World Bank. 2020. Inclusive Development in Local Areas of Violence and IDP Hosting Areas: Risks and Opportunities. Washington, D. C. Mimeo. 30 https: / / dhsprogram. com / pubs / pdf / FR328 / FR328. pdf. 31 Survey locations included the Addis Ababa, Afar, Amhara, Benishangul-Gumuz, Oromia, and SNNPR regions. 32 Population Council and UNFPA, 2010. The age of the survey also highlights the lack of data in this area. 33 Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency. 2017. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Addis Ababa.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1074, + 1112, + "named" + ], + [ + 88, + 93, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 179, + 187, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 847, + 858, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 860, + 864, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 866, + 872, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 874, + 891, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 893, + 899, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 905, + 910, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 923, + 941, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1068, + 1072, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1074, + 1082, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1113, + 1117, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2017. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Addis Ababa.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey that collects data", + "follows a specific naming convention indicating a dataset", + "contains demographic and health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey', I carefully considered the context in which it appears. Given that it is referred to by a formal name, and it indicates a structured collection of demographic and health-related data, this strongly suggests that it operates as a dataset. The term 'survey' itself connotes a systematic method of data collection intended for analysis, which supports its classification as a dataset rather than a project or system. Although the phrase does not explicitly state it is being used as the primary data source in this isolated context, the naming convention and defined purpose lend itself well to its interpretation as a dataset. There could be confusion for models that might interpret the term as part of a larger project or management information system because it discusses statistical data collection, but the primary indicators point toward it being recognized as a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its structured approach to collecting demographic and health data, conforming to the naming conventions of datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 32, + "text": "To achieve the first objective, key response activities will include provision of mobile support for health, education, and WASH services to conflict-affected communities. Recovery activities will include local mapping and factfinding of conflict-affected people, households, and communities \u2019 needs, impacts, response services and a local conflict analysis and participatory climate risk assessments; consultation, planning, and implementation of sustainable solutions for communities; and recovery plans ( Percentage ); ( ii ) Neighborhood Relations Committees formed and reinforced and still operational one year after receiving funding ( Percentage ); ( iii ) Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs ( Percentage ); and ( iv ) People reporting increased awareness of available GBV response services in their community ( Percentage ). 65 These are: ( i ) Number of financed sub-projects that are functioning or delivering services to communities six months after completion ( with disaggregation to education, WASH, health, and other types of sub-projects ); ( ii ) Beneficiaries with rebuilt and improved access to climate - resilient community infrastructure; and ( iii ) Community recovery plans implemented. 66 The average population size of Woredas in the four regions is calculated from the July 2021 projections of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Agency. IDP numbers are calculated using a combination of IOM \u2019 s Site Assessment Survey ( Round 26 ), collected in June-July 2021, and the Emergency Site Assessment ( ESA ) round 8, collected in July-August 2021. The ESA data is still pending confirmation from the government. Data collection could not be completed in parts of the Tigray, Western Oromia, and Benishangul-Gumuz regions due to insecurity and access restrictions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1447, + 1469, + "named" + ], + [ + 1273, + 1280, + "Site Assessment Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1333, + "Site Assessment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1439, + 1442, + "Site Assessment Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1497, + 1511, + "Site Assessment Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1714, + 1720, + "Site Assessment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1722, + 1736, + "Site Assessment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1742, + 1759, + "Site Assessment Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "66 The average population size of Woredas in the four regions is calculated from the July 2021 projections of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Agency. IDP numbers are calculated using a combination of IOM \u2019 s Site Assessment Survey ( Round 26 ), collected in June-July 2021, and the Emergency Site Assessment ( ESA ) round 8, collected in July-August 2021. The ESA data is still pending confirmation from the government.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Site Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess conditions in specific areas, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using a combination of' indicating its use in calculations", + "described as a survey collecting structured data", + "enumerated alongside another known data source (Emergency Site Assessment)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Site Assessment Survey' refers to a specific, structured collection of data that is being used quantitatively in the analysis of IDP numbers for the population. It is not merely a project or an information system; it represents a body of information about conditions assessed in various sites. The phrase 'using a combination of' firmly embeds it as a data source because it indicates its direct application in analytical calculations alongside another data collection (ESA). Furthermore, it is used in a context where data is clearly needed for statistical purposes, which supports its classification as a dataset rather than just a reference to a project or a management system. The initial confusion could arise from potential interpretations of what a 'survey' could imply\u2014whether it's just a methodology for data collection or an actual stored dataset\u2014but the surrounding context affirms its role as a structured source of data, justifying the classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Site Assessment Survey' acts as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a collection of structured data used in calculations, rather than merely being a project or an information system." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 32, + "text": "To achieve the first objective, key response activities will include provision of mobile support for health, education, and WASH services to conflict-affected communities. Recovery activities will include local mapping and factfinding of conflict-affected people, households, and communities \u2019 needs, impacts, response services and a local conflict analysis and participatory climate risk assessments; consultation, planning, and implementation of sustainable solutions for communities; and recovery plans ( Percentage ); ( ii ) Neighborhood Relations Committees formed and reinforced and still operational one year after receiving funding ( Percentage ); ( iii ) Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflect their needs ( Percentage ); and ( iv ) People reporting increased awareness of available GBV response services in their community ( Percentage ). 65 These are: ( i ) Number of financed sub-projects that are functioning or delivering services to communities six months after completion ( with disaggregation to education, WASH, health, and other types of sub-projects ); ( ii ) Beneficiaries with rebuilt and improved access to climate - resilient community infrastructure; and ( iii ) Community recovery plans implemented. 66 The average population size of Woredas in the four regions is calculated from the July 2021 projections of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Agency. IDP numbers are calculated using a combination of IOM \u2019 s Site Assessment Survey ( Round 26 ), collected in June-July 2021, and the Emergency Site Assessment ( ESA ) round 8, collected in July-August 2021. The ESA data is still pending confirmation from the government. Data collection could not be completed in parts of the Tigray, Western Oromia, and Benishangul-Gumuz regions due to insecurity and access restrictions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1521, + 1546, + "named" + ], + [ + 1324, + 1333, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1439, + 1442, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1497, + 1511, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1549, + 1552, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1714, + 1720, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1722, + 1736, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1742, + 1759, + "Emergency Site Assessment <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "66 The average population size of Woredas in the four regions is calculated from the July 2021 projections of the Ethiopia Central Statistics Agency. IDP numbers are calculated using a combination of IOM \u2019 s Site Assessment Survey ( Round 26 ), collected in June-July 2021, and the Emergency Site Assessment ( ESA ) round 8, collected in July-August 2021. The ESA data is still pending confirmation from the government.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Emergency Site Assessment refers to a structured collection of data collected during assessments to evaluate the needs and conditions of conflict-affected areas.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses a combination of\u2019", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "enumerated alongside known datasets like IOM\u2019s Site Assessment Survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Emergency Site Assessment' is evaluated alongside 'IOM\u2019s Site Assessment Survey', indicating that it forms part of a structured data collection process focused on assessing needs and conditions in conflict areas. This supports its classification as a dataset. The inclusion of a specific round and collection time strengthens the notion that it consists of organized data rather than merely being a project or system without tangible data. There might be confusion because it could also be perceived as a project name or a system; however, as it is used in conjunction with data collection from assessments, it aligns with a dataset mention in this specific context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Emergency Site Assessment' is treated as a dataset as it refers to a structured collection of data collected during evaluations of conflict-affected areas alongside data from a known survey." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 91, + "text": "For conflict-affected areas that are not accessible to the World Bank, the FM team will rely on the TPM to be conducted in these areas. Hence, this requires involving FM experts in the monitoring team. The FM supervision will also consider the use of GEMS. 84. Procurement supervision and implementation support. This will include initial support to the implementing agencies in developing procurement arrangements for the project, and technical support and oversight of the implementing agencies in detailing these procedures in the POM. In addition to routine reviews, procurement supervision will be carried out during the World Bank \u2019 s missions. Procurement supervision visits will be carried out twice per year or as may be required. 85. E & S risk management implementation support. Prior to effectiveness, social and environmental risk management specialists will support the implementing agencies in developing social and environmental guidelines to include in the POM, based on the World Bank \u2019 s ESF and the different instruments prepared under the project. The social risk management specialist will also support the implementing agencies in developing a project GRM and a GBV - specific GRM. The World Bank will have an experienced country consultant for just-in-time support. E & S risk management specialists will be requested to join implementation support missions to track compliance with the ESCP and respective instruments, including monitor activities under the GRM.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 251, + 255, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Hence, this requires involving FM experts in the monitoring team. The FM supervision will also consider the use of GEMS. 84.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a tool or system used for monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool or system for monitoring", + "not described as containing specific data records", + "no indication that it functions as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'GEMS' in this context, it is clear that it does not refer to a structured dataset but rather to a tool or system used in the monitoring process. The phrase preceding it ('the FM supervision will also consider the use of GEMS') indicates that it is employed within a supervisory capacity rather than being a concrete collection of data. This suggests that GEMS serves more as an infrastructure or platform rather than as a distinct dataset. The model may have been confused by the capitalization of GEMS, which often denotes a proper noun, and by the general practice of listing systems or tools that may interface with data. Additionally, the lack of any descriptors that explicitly define it as a data source supports the notion that it should not be classified as a dataset. Thus, it is appropriate to distinguish GEMS from being treated as a 'dataset' in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is a tool or system used for monitoring and evaluation, not a concrete dataset, since it is mentioned in relation to supervision rather than as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 105, + "text": "The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 report having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 107 Acceptance of use of violence is high, with 63 percent of Ethiopian women believing a man is justified in beating his wife, while only 23 percent of survivors of physical or sexual violence have sought help for their experience and only two to three percent of these women have sought care from service providers, such as medical professionals, social workers, or lawyers. 108 9. Conditions of conflict and displacement more recently have exacerbated the incidence of GBV, including widespread reports of physical and sexual violence. Although available data is limited, some reports estimate that more than 100 cases of sexual violence \u2014 including gang rape \u2014 were reported daily between November 2020 to July 2021, while health facilities in the Tigray region registered nearly 1, 300 cases of rape between February \u2013 April 2021. 109, 110 The UN Secretary-General \u2019 s Special Representative on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence issued a statement in January 2021 expressing her deep concerns regarding \u201c serious allegations of sexual violence in the Tigray region of Ethiopia. \u201d 111 EHRC has also expressed its concerns from the lack of protection of civilians, including against rape, extending from", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 9, + 47, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 8, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 9, + 17, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 81, + 100, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 325, + 340, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1015, + 1028, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey indicates that 26 percent of all women aged 15 to 49 report having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, with 23 percent reporting physical violence and 10 percent experiencing sexual violence. 107 Acceptance of use of violence is high, with 63 percent of Ethiopian women believing a man is justified in beating his wife, while only 23 percent of survivors of physical or sexual violence have sought help for their experience and only two to three percent of these women have sought care from service providers, such as medical professionals, social workers, or lawyers.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic factors in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'indicates that'", + "described as a survey containing structured data", + "implies data usage in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is indeed used as a dataset because it serves as the source of the demographic and health statistics presented in the surrounding text. The phrase begins with 'The 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey indicates that...' which provides a clear signal that the term is being used to reference structured data derived from this survey. Additionally, the statistics that follow are specifically attributed to this survey, creating a strong link between the mentioned term and the empirical data being discussed. Although there may be scenarios in which survey names could be seen as projects or systems, in this instance, the strong association with statistical findings clearly positions it as a dataset. The confusion could arise due to the term 'survey' which might also suggest it as part of a broader project, but the context unequivocally treats it as a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is used as a source of specific health and demographic statistics, as indicated by the context in which it is presented." + }, + { + "filename": "028_Ethiopia-Response-Recovery-Resilience-for-Conflict-Affected-Communities-in-Ethiopia-Project", + "page": 105, + "text": "the conflict in the Tigray region. 112 While conflict-related sexual violence has predominantly affected women and girls, men and boys have been affected as well. 113 10. Beyond physical and sexual violence, numerous reports highlight prevalence of other forms of GBV. Rapid gender assessments by several organizations indicate heightened incidence of intimate partner violence among displaced and conflict-affected people. Lack of access to food, cash, and other resources has led to an increase of women and girls engaging in precarious coping strategies, including transactional sex, and increased vulnerability to sexual exploitation and abuse. 114 These risks are particularly high for female-headed households. Displaced women and girls are further vulnerable to other forms of GBV, including harassment, abduction, and separation from families. 105 UNFPA. 2021. UNFPA Ethiopia Response to Tigray Crisit. Situation Report. 1-15 July 2021. See also: https: / / www. humanitarianresponse. info / sites / www. humanitarianresponse. info / files / documents / files / situational_analysis-_gender - based_violence_in_northern_ethiopia1803202102. pdf 106 See https: / / www. unfpa. org / news / tigray-conflict-decimates-maternal-health-services-overwhelms-health-workers. 107 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. 2016. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. 108 Ibid. 109 UN-OCHA. 2021. Ethiopia \u2013 Tigray Region Humanitarian Update.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1325, + 1363, + "named" + ], + [ + 20, + 33, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 863, + 867, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 939, + 943, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1278, + 1317, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1319, + 1323, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1325, + 1333, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1388, + 1392, + "Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2016. Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. 108 Ibid.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "can be inferred as a research-oriented dataset", + "mentioned in an empirical context suggesting statistical analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' clearly indicates a structured collection of data focused on demographic and health indicators within the context of Ethiopia. Although a model may confuse it with a project name or information system, it behaves more like a dataset due to its established reputation as a comprehensive and systematic source of data for demographic and health research. The phrasing does not suggest it's being used merely as a title for a project or a system; instead, it appears as a recognized source of data within empirical work. Hence, it qualifies as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey' qualifies as a dataset due to its established role in providing structured data for demographic and health analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 22, + "text": "Uganda \u2019 s off-grid market is one of the most dynamic in East Africa and according to the National Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS 2020 ), 18 percent of the population currently relies on off-grid solar technologies providing Tier 1-level access and above. In terms of sales of off-grid solar products, Uganda has the third largest market in East Africa behind Kenya and Ethiopia. The Uganda Solar Energy Association ( USEA ) reports over 225 solar companies operating in the Ugandan market by end-December 2021, with most sales coming from a few international companies. While sales of off-grid solar products were about 400, 000 in 2019, it fell drastically at a level of 280, 000 in 2020 due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdowns. Sales in the first half of 2021 amounted to 110, 000 off-grid solar products. The proposed project will support Uganda \u2019 s efforts to scale up access to electricity and clean cooking for households including for refugees and their host communities, commercial enterprises, including minerals and mining enterprises, industrial parks, and health and education facilities. 19. Achieving universal access by 2030 requires a steady commitment from the GoU and development", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 90, + 133, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Uganda \u2019 s off-grid market is one of the most dynamic in East Africa and according to the National Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS 2020 ), 18 percent of the population currently relies on off-grid solar technologies providing Tier 1-level access and above. In terms of sales of off-grid solar products, Uganda has the third largest market in East Africa behind Kenya and Ethiopia.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Electrification Survey Report-2018 is a structured collection of data regarding electrification in Uganda, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018according to\u2019", + "described as a report containing structured data", + "clearly relates to a specific topic - electrification in Uganda" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'National Electrification Survey Report-2018' is explicitly mentioned as a source of information that provides data about electrification in Uganda. The phrase 'according to' indicates that the subsequent information is directly derived from this report, suggesting it serves as a concrete source of data. While it could be considered a report, reports are often structured collections of data or findings, which aligns more closely with the characteristics of a dataset. The context does not imply it is merely a project name or a management information system, as it specifies the contents and purpose of the report in relation to the data being discussed. This distinction helps clarify why it should be treated as a dataset rather than just a project or system name. Potential confusion might arise due to the term 'report', which some might interpret as a non-quantitative summary; however, here it is functionally equivalent to a dataset, as it contains structured data points.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Electrification Survey Report-2018' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is cited as a source of data that informs the analysis of electrification in Uganda, fitting the criteria for a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 62, + "text": "Health, safety, GBV training and workers capacity building launched; C. GRM implemented satisfactorily; D. GBV service mapping conducted; E. Compensations to PAPs made on time. UECCC conducts adequate monitoring of the energy market financing ( Text ) PBC 3 Lack of adequate understanding of nation-wide energy market challenges 1. Conducts consultations with private sector companies; 2. Conducts consultations with market stakeholders; 3. Prepares reporting of findings with recommendations 1. Conducts consultations with private sector companies; 2. Conducts consultations with market stakeholders; 3. Prepares reporting of findings with recommendations 1. Conducts consultations with private sector companies; 2. Conducts consultations with market stakeholders; 3. Prepares reporting of findings with recommendations 1. Conducts consultations with private sector companies; 2. Conducts consultations with market stakeholders; 3. Prepares reporting of findings with recommendations Adequate monitoring and challenge response in support of the energy market IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Connections provided under the project with grid, mini-grid, and off-grid The indicator will track the number of household Quarterly Project implementati Service providers customer database, MEMD, UECCC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1454, + 1458, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Conducts consultations with market stakeholders; 3. Prepares reporting of findings with recommendations Adequate monitoring and challenge response in support of the energy market IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Connections provided under the project with grid, mini-grid, and off-grid The indicator will track the number of household Quarterly Project implementati Service providers customer database, MEMD, UECCC", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MEMD refers to an organization, specifically the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of information but not as a structured dataset", + "referred to as an organization (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development)", + "not explicitly described as containing records or data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'MEMD' in this context, it's clear that it stands for the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, which is a government agency rather than a dataset. The surrounding text indicates that it is mentioned in relation to a customer database and responsibilities for data collection, but there is no indication that MEMD itself is a structured collection of data that can be analyzed independently as a dataset. It might be possible that an extraction model may have confused this due to its capitalization (indicating it could be a proper noun) and its proximity to the concept of data collection, which could suggest it's a data source. However, since it refers to an organization rather than a concrete dataset, it should not be classified as such here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MEMD is identified as a ministry and not a dataset, as it does not represent structured data in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 58 of 130 connections provided under the project with grid, mini - grid, and off-grid solutions. on progress reports. MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan and grants applications. People provided with access to electricity under the project with grid and mini-grid The indicator will track the number of people benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD People provided with access to electricity under the project with grid and mini-grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD People provided with access to electricity under the project with off-grid The indicator will track the number of people benefiting from access to off-grid Quarterly Project implementati on progress Approved loan and grants applications.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 530, + 560, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 528, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 561, + 570, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1023, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1043, + 1047, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1123, + 1129, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "presented as a source for data on household size", + "mentioned alongside a specific year citation (2016-2017)", + "no indication that it is a project or system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the phrase 'UBOS National Household Survey', it is clear from the context provided that this is indeed a structured survey specifically designed to collect data about households. The citation '2016-2017' strongly suggests that it refers to a particular set of records or statistical output generated during that period. Additionally, the context shows it being used to derive population statistics ('Average household size of 4.7 people'), which indicates its role as a dataset rather than merely being a project or system. There is no indication that it functions primarily as a management information system or a project; instead, it serves the purpose of providing analytical data. The extraction model might have been led to consider it a dataset due to conventional phrasing suggesting data usage, proximity to a specific statistical reference, and capitalization which signals it as a proper noun. Therefore, in this case, I conclude that it behaves as a real dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UBOS National Household Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is cited as a direct source for quantitative data related to households, without indication of being merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 58 of 130 connections provided under the project with grid, mini - grid, and off-grid solutions. on progress reports. MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan and grants applications. People provided with access to electricity under the project with grid and mini-grid The indicator will track the number of people benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD People provided with access to electricity under the project with grid and mini-grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD People provided with access to electricity under the project with off-grid The indicator will track the number of people benefiting from access to off-grid Quarterly Project implementati on progress Approved loan and grants applications.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 648, + 678, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 528, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 561, + 570, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1023, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1043, + 1047, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1123, + 1129, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD People provided with access to electricity under the project with grid and mini-grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "described as a survey that suggests it contains structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'UBOS National Household Survey' directly follows the phrase 'Household size based on', indicating it is used as a data source for household demographics and characteristics. The presence of the term in conjunction with other known data sources in the same sentence further supports the interpretation as a dataset. Although it could be construed as part of a larger project or system, it is explicitly presented as providing foundational data for analysis. Therefore, it behaves like a dataset in this instance. A potential confusion factor for models may arise from the term 'survey', which could be misclassified as a system or tool; however, in the context provided, it is used to indicate a specific collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The UBOS National Household Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referred to in relation to household size data, indicating that it is a source of structured data used in this project." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 59 of 130 electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. People provided with access to electricity under the project with off - grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from off-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016 Approved loan and grants applications UECCC, MEMD People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid in refugee - hosting districts The indicator will track the number of host communities and refugees beneficiaries of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid technologies under the project in District hosting refugees. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan applications and installation reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 189, + 219, + "named" + ], + [ + 150, + 187, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 554, + 560, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 660, + 666, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. reports.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows the context of reporting data", + "explicitly references a survey known for collecting household data", + "suggests it contains structured records on household demographics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UBOS National Household Survey' is mentioned directly after a specific statistic regarding average household size, indicating it is a source of the data being discussed. This implies that it serves as a dataset rather than just a project name or system. While some could argue that it refers to the survey as a concept or project, the specific mention of it in connection with reported statistics suggests it is functioning as a dataset in this instance. Confusion might arise from its label, as surveys can also be seen as tools for data collection. However, here it is clearly treated as an empirical data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of 'UBOS National Household Survey' clearly aligns with its role as a dataset providing structured household data, as suggested by the context of reporting household statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 59 of 130 electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. People provided with access to electricity under the project with off - grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from off-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016 Approved loan and grants applications UECCC, MEMD People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid in refugee - hosting districts The indicator will track the number of host communities and refugees beneficiaries of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid technologies under the project in District hosting refugees. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan applications and installation reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 272, + 302, + "named" + ], + [ + 150, + 187, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 554, + 560, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 660, + 666, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. People provided with access to electricity under the project with off - grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from off-grid electricity access under the project.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a survey with structured data", + "identified as containing information relevant to household demographics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UBOS National Household Survey' clearly indicates a structured collection of statistical data, commonly referred to in research and analyses. The phrase 'based on' explicitly signals that the report draws upon the data contained within this survey, positioning it as a primary data source. The context discusses household size and demographics, which aligns with the kind of data provided by a national household survey. Although there are similarities in how a project or system might be mentioned, the explicit reference to 'survey' indicates this is a dataset used to derive metrics rather than just a project or system. The model may have initially confused it due to the formal name structure, but the clear contextual phrasing shows it's used as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The UBOS National Household Survey is treated as a dataset here due to its explicit association with household demographics and the phrase 'based on' indicating that it is a primary data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 59 of 130 electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. People provided with access to electricity under the project with off - grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from off-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016 Approved loan and grants applications UECCC, MEMD People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid in refugee - hosting districts The indicator will track the number of host communities and refugees beneficiaries of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid technologies under the project in District hosting refugees. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan applications and installation reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1073, + 1103, + "named" + ], + [ + 150, + 187, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 554, + 560, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 660, + 666, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a survey collecting demographic data", + "implied usage for statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'UBOS National Household Survey' is associated with the collection of structured data pertaining to households and demographics. The context explicitly mentions this as the basis for calculating average household size, which suggests that it acts more like a dataset rather than a project or system. Although it could sometimes be confused with a project title, the phrasing in this extracted context ('based on UBOS National Household Survey') indicates that it's being used as a specific dataset that contains relevant data. The model might have been confused because 'surveys' can be viewed as projects; however, in this case, it directly relates to a specific data source used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the UBOS National Household Survey is treated as a dataset because it is the basis for data analysis related to household demographics, rather than merely referring to a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 59 of 130 electricity access under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016-2017. reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. People provided with access to electricity under the project with off - grid of which female The indicator will track the number of females benefiting from off-grid electricity access under the project. Share of female is 51 %, UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures 2016. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. UBOS Women and Men in Uganda, Facts and Figures, 2016 Approved loan and grants applications UECCC, MEMD People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid in refugee - hosting districts The indicator will track the number of host communities and refugees beneficiaries of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid technologies under the project in District hosting refugees. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan applications and installation reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1195, + 1225, + "named" + ], + [ + 150, + 187, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 554, + 560, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 660, + 666, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, approved loan applications and installation reports.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "implies use of structured data related to a survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'UBOS National Household Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly linked to average household size calculations, which indicates that it serves as a data source for analysis. The phrase 'based on' acts as a strong signal that supports treating it as a dataset rather than a project or system. Additionally, the term is listed alongside other clear data sources, further reinforcing its identity as a dataset. While there is potential for confusion because the survey could be part of a broader project or system run by UBOS (Uganda Bureau of Statistics), the way it is referenced in the context clearly designates it as a structured collection of data used for substantive analysis. Thus, in this specific sentence, it operates more effectively as a dataset rather than as an MIS or a project name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UBOS National Household Survey' is deemed a dataset here due to its association with actual data usage in statistical analysis, emphasized by phrases signaling its role as a source of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 60 of 130 2017. People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid under the project, of which refugees The indicator will track the number of refugees beneficiary of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid solutions under the project. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports Service providers customers database, approved loan applications and installation reports. UECCC, MEMD People with access to clean cooking solutions under the project The indicator will track the number of people benefitting from access to clean cooking solutions under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - 2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Approved loan and grants applications and installation reports. UECCC, MEMD Commercial and productive uses beneficiaries of grid, mini-grid, off-grid access The indicator will track beneficiaries of grid, mini - grid, off-grid electricity access for commercial and productive uses purposes. Quarterly Project implementati on progress report. Service providers customers database, MEMD database, approved loan applications and installation reports. Productive uses technologies include: internal wiring, efficient appliances, SRU, SPU, milling units etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 734, + 764, + "named" + ], + [ + 87, + 91, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 695, + 732, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 765, + 776, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - 2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described in the context of household data", + "considered a structured dataset for demographic research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'UBOS National Household Survey' provides specific quantitative data on household sizes and demographics. The mention of specific years (2016-2017) implies it is a dataset derived from the survey conducted during that period. The extraction model may have correctly identified this as a dataset since it is used directly in the context of discussing concrete findings (like average household size), and it serves as an authoritative source for statistics on household demographics. Although there is a possibility that it might refer to a project name or survey system, the way it is framed in the sentence shows that it is being referenced as the source of empirical data rather than merely a tool or a management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The UBOS National Household Survey is clearly referenced as a data source that provides structured demographic information, thus it is considered a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 60 of 130 2017. People provided with access to electricity with grid, mini-grid, off-grid under the project, of which refugees The indicator will track the number of refugees beneficiary of access to grid, mini-grid, and off-grid solutions under the project. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports Service providers customers database, approved loan applications and installation reports. UECCC, MEMD People with access to clean cooking solutions under the project The indicator will track the number of people benefitting from access to clean cooking solutions under the project, disaggregated by gender. Average household size of 4. 7 people, UBOS National Household Survey 2016 - 2017. Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Approved loan and grants applications and installation reports. UECCC, MEMD Commercial and productive uses beneficiaries of grid, mini-grid, off-grid access The indicator will track beneficiaries of grid, mini - grid, off-grid electricity access for commercial and productive uses purposes. Quarterly Project implementati on progress report. Service providers customers database, MEMD database, approved loan applications and installation reports. Productive uses technologies include: internal wiring, efficient appliances, SRU, SPU, milling units etc.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 862, + 892, + "named" + ], + [ + 87, + 91, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 695, + 732, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 765, + 776, + "UBOS National Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports. Average household size based on UBOS National Household Survey. Approved loan and grants applications and installation reports.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household demographics and characteristics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Average household size based on'", + "described as a survey that collects data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'UBOS National Household Survey' is specifically referenced as the source for the calculation of average household size. This phrasing indicates that the term is functioning as a concrete dataset from which data is derived for analysis, rather than being merely a project name or a system. While it is possible to misconstrue such terms as mere infrastructural references, the key contextual cue here is the explicit mention of 'average household size based on', which directly ties the survey to a quantitative output. Additionally, the phrase implies the survey collects specific records relevant to household demographics, further solidifying its role as a dataset. The model may have been initially confused due to the formal naming of the survey that could hint at a project or system; however, the context clarifies its function as a source of statistical data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UBOS National Household Survey' acts as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly linked to the measurement of average household size, indicating it's a structured collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 67, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 62 of 130 on report Renewable energy generation capacity ( other than hydropower ) constructed under the project Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports Approved loan applications UECCC, MEMD ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number household connections provided with grid and mini-grid under the project The indicator will track the number of on-grid connections provided under the project, gender disaggregated. Quarterly Project implementati on progress report Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD Number of household connections provided with grid and mini-grid under the project of which female headed The indicator will track the number of female-headed households benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project. Current share of female - headed households is 26 %. National Electrification Survey Report, 2018, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, January 2020. Quarterly Project implementati on progress report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 765, + 778, + "named" + ], + [ + 942, + 966, + "MEMD database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1133, + 1137, + "MEMD database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1191, + 1195, + "MEMD database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 62 of 130 on report Renewable energy generation capacity ( other than hydropower ) constructed under the project Quarterly Project implementati on progress reports Approved loan applications UECCC, MEMD ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number household connections provided with grid and mini-grid under the project The indicator will track the number of on-grid connections provided under the project, gender disaggregated. Quarterly Project implementati on progress report Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports MEMD Number of household connections provided with grid and mini-grid under the project of which female headed The indicator will track the number of female-headed households benefiting from grid and mini-grid electricity access under the project. Current share of female - headed households is 26 %.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MEMD database is a structured collection of data related to household connections and electricity access, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018datasource\u2019", + "referred to as a database that contains records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MEMD database' is mentioned alongside other data sources such as 'Service Providers customer database' and 'IVA reports.' This indicates that it is part of the data collection effort tied to the project. The term 'database' suggests that it is indeed a structured collection of data, which aligns with how datasets are described in research contexts. Additionally, it follows the phrase 'Datasource Methodology', reinforcing its role as a source of information for the project\u2019s indicators. However, there could be confusion because 'MEMD' could refer to an organization or a system; but in this instance, it clearly serves as a structured dataset specifically for monitoring household connections to electricity under the project. The presence of specific household connection metrics further emphasizes its dataset nature.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MEMD database' acts as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly listed as a data source that contains structured records relevant to the project metrics." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 67, + "text": "National Electrificatio n Survey Report, 2018, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, January Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, with adequate instruments for collecting information about female headed households MEMD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 136, + 149, + "named" + ], + [ + 41, + 45, + "MEMD database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 47, + 89, + "MEMD database <> author" + ], + [ + 223, + 247, + "MEMD database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 268, + 286, + "MEMD database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "National Electrificatio n Survey Report, 2018, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, January Service Providers customer database, MEMD database, IVA reports, with adequate instruments for collecting information about female headed households MEMD", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MEMD database' refers to a structured collection of data maintained by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a database that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MEMD database' appears alongside other clearly identified datasets such as 'Service Providers customer database' and 'IVA reports', suggesting that it is part of the same category. The word 'database' typically implies a structured collection of records. Given the phrases 'with adequate instruments for collecting information' leads to the understanding that the MEMD database is used for systematic data collection, aligning it with typical characteristics of datasets. However, it may also indicate a management information system (MIS), but in this case, it seems to serve as a data source due to being listed with the other data repositories and the specific mention of its role in supporting the collection of information. Therefore, I assess that it should be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MEMD database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly mentioned as a data source alongside other datasets and is described in a way that indicates the storage of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 107, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 102 of 130 percent ( which is the average share of female asset ownership in Uganda ) to 30 percent, corresponding to about 1, 200 loans for female recipients under the project. Finally, focus will be placed in ensuring female-led commercial enterprises also have access to finance for modern energy technologies for use in their enterprises. An increase in access to finance of female-led commercial enterprises is expected from the current 24 percent to 35 percent, which corresponds to about 1, 750 recipient enterprises, to bridge the gap in female-led enterprises and female access to resources. B. Enhancing Data and Knowledge on Male and Female Consumers 6. UBOS / MTF Survey update. Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services. To provide more insight on the access outlook for the country, the Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS, 2020 ) will be updated to include more granular information on grid and off-grid gender disaggregated access rate. The information collected would feed into the national geospatial planning platform for access targeted to socioeconomic development. The activity will be implemented by the MEMD and UBOS, in close collaboration with the SPs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 742, + 746, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Enhancing Data and Knowledge on Male and Female Consumers 6. UBOS / MTF Survey update. Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "UBOS refers to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization, not a dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a Bureau of Statistics, not as a data source", + "refers to an organization and not an actual dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UBOS' refers specifically to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization that presumably administers and manages various datasets rather than being a dataset itself. The surrounding text discusses the importance of data in service delivery, but it does not characterize UBOS as a source of data. Rather, it highlights the role that organizations like UBOS play in providing data through their activities. While the model might have identified UBOS as a potential dataset because it is mentioned in relation to surveys and data analytics, there are clear indications that it is an organizational reference rather than a concrete dataset. For instance, the text discusses lessons learned from the organization and does not provide any indication that specific data has been obtained from this Bureau for this analysis. This distinction is crucial in determining whether UBOS should be treated as a dataset in this instance or simply as an organization facilitating the data collection process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UBOS' is not treated as a dataset, but as an organization (Uganda Bureau of Statistics) that plays a role in data collection rather than being a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 107, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 102 of 130 percent ( which is the average share of female asset ownership in Uganda ) to 30 percent, corresponding to about 1, 200 loans for female recipients under the project. Finally, focus will be placed in ensuring female-led commercial enterprises also have access to finance for modern energy technologies for use in their enterprises. An increase in access to finance of female-led commercial enterprises is expected from the current 24 percent to 35 percent, which corresponds to about 1, 750 recipient enterprises, to bridge the gap in female-led enterprises and female access to resources. B. Enhancing Data and Knowledge on Male and Female Consumers 6. UBOS / MTF Survey update. Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services. To provide more insight on the access outlook for the country, the Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS, 2020 ) will be updated to include more granular information on grid and off-grid gender disaggregated access rate. The information collected would feed into the national geospatial planning platform for access targeted to socioeconomic development. The activity will be implemented by the MEMD and UBOS, in close collaboration with the SPs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 749, + 759, + "named" + ], + [ + 154, + 160, + "MTF Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1051, + "MTF Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1060, + 1064, + "MTF Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Enhancing Data and Knowledge on Male and Female Consumers 6. UBOS / MTF Survey update. Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The MTF Survey refers to a structured collection of data used to gather insights on access and demographics, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source for data", + "implied to hold structured information about consumers" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MTF Survey' is presented in association with the update from UBOS, suggesting it serves as a source for current data related to consumer behavior. The phrase 'Enhancing Data and Knowledge' implies that insights are derived from the survey, reinforcing the notion that it is being treated functionally as a dataset. While the term could also reference a project or system, the lack of explicit indicators that it's merely an infrastructure or tool leads me to classify it as a dataset. The way it is framed suggests that it contains valuable information, fitting the traditional understanding of a dataset. A model might have been confused if it solely focused on the naming conventions, possibly interpreting 'MTF Survey' as a project rather than a structured collection of data due to its capitalized format and ambiguous context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MTF Survey' is considered a dataset since it indicates a structured collection of data used for analysis on consumer demographics, despite its potential association with a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 107, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 102 of 130 percent ( which is the average share of female asset ownership in Uganda ) to 30 percent, corresponding to about 1, 200 loans for female recipients under the project. Finally, focus will be placed in ensuring female-led commercial enterprises also have access to finance for modern energy technologies for use in their enterprises. An increase in access to finance of female-led commercial enterprises is expected from the current 24 percent to 35 percent, which corresponds to about 1, 750 recipient enterprises, to bridge the gap in female-led enterprises and female access to resources. B. Enhancing Data and Knowledge on Male and Female Consumers 6. UBOS / MTF Survey update. Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services. To provide more insight on the access outlook for the country, the Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS, 2020 ) will be updated to include more granular information on grid and off-grid gender disaggregated access rate. The information collected would feed into the national geospatial planning platform for access targeted to socioeconomic development. The activity will be implemented by the MEMD and UBOS, in close collaboration with the SPs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1017, + 1051, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Lessons learned from international experiences and best practices indicate the key role played by up-to-date data and analytics for the efficient and effective delivery of services. To provide more insight on the access outlook for the country, the Electrification Survey Report-2018 ( UBOS, 2020 ) will be updated to include more granular information on grid and off-grid gender disaggregated access rate. The information collected would feed into the national geospatial planning platform for access targeted to socioeconomic development.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Electrification Survey Report-2018 is a structured collection of data that provides insights on electricity access, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as sources of information for analysis", + "implies structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Electrification Survey Report-2018' is clearly used to reference a specific report from which data is drawn to gain insights about electricity access. The phrase 'to provide more insight on the access outlook for the country' indicates that the report contains structured data that informs analyses about access rates. Even though it could be interpreted as a project or report name, the specific mention of its update and the intention to feed its findings into a national planning platform strongly suggests that this report serves as a critical data source rather than just a descriptive title of a project or a tool. The context implies that it is used specifically for data collection and indication rather than merely functioning as a system or infrastructure, which is why it is being treated as a dataset here. Potential sources of confusion might arise from its naming, which resembles other project names or reports, but the strong association with data analytics in the text clarifies its role as an essential dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Electrification Survey Report-2018 behaves as a dataset in this context, as it is directly referenced as a source of structured data used to obtain insights on electricity access, and is integral to the analysis mentioned." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 107, + "text": "The updated UBOS / MTF Survey and access assessment will include the following datasets: a ) Ongoing geo-referencing of customers by the MEMD will establish the platform to keep track of gender-disaggregated data on customers. b ) Data collected by the UECCC would provide information on male and female access to efficient appliances, productive uses technologies, and clean cooking solutions. 7. Productive uses market assessment update. Women and men use energy differently. Women in Uganda work in micro and small-scale enterprises, particularly in the informal sector. Women frequently run income-generating activities from home since it enables them to combine productive tasks with activities in the household, such as cooking and childcare60. With the support of the World Bank, an assessment of the solar off-grid market for productive uses was conducted in 2019. 61 The assessment, a first of its kind, would be updated to include an assessment of women \u2019 s access to productive uses technologies, affordability, willingness to pay, and financial inclusion. The assessment will be conducted in close collaboration with the \u2018 Financial profiling of beneficiaries for customized debt instruments \u2019 study under the UECCC under Component 4. The ongoing geo-referencing of customers would further inform improved gender-disaggregated consumption trends and demand estimation. The activity will be implemented by the UECCC in close collaboration with the MEMD and the SPs. 8.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 12, + 29, + "named" + ], + [ + 187, + 212, + "UBOS / MTF Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 487, + 493, + "UBOS / MTF Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 775, + 785, + "UBOS / MTF Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 867, + 871, + "UBOS / MTF Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1495, + 1513, + "UBOS / MTF Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The updated UBOS / MTF Survey and access assessment will include the following datasets: a ) Ongoing geo-referencing of customers by the MEMD will establish the platform to keep track of gender-disaggregated data on customers. b ) Data collected by the UECCC would provide information on male and female access to efficient appliances, productive uses technologies, and clean cooking solutions.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UBOS / MTF Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to gender-disaggregated data and access assessments.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'will include the following datasets'", + "described in the context of a survey", + "structured collection of data related to access assessments" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'UBOS / MTF Survey' is presented explicitly as part of a listing of datasets that will inform on gender-disaggregated data and access assessments. The preceding phrase indicates that the survey functions as a structured data source that aggregates information for research purposes, which aligns with the typical definition of a dataset. While it could potentially be interpreted as a project or a system, the context strongly suggests that it is being treated as a formal data collection effort, which is inherently structured and useful for analysis. The model might have been confused by the survey's project-like name; however, the specific phrasing clarifies its role as a data source for the ongoing research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UBOS / MTF Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is specifically listed among other datasets for research purposes, indicating it is a structured source of data, not merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 107, + "text": "Clean cooking market assessment. Limited customer exposure and inadequate buy-in for new stove technologies reduce demand and are a constraint to the adoption of clean cooking solutions. To increase uptake, an understanding of that market is required. This will in-turn inform the products that are sold and allow manufacturers and distributors to adopt marketing strategies that boost local demand. 62 A series of consultations between suppliers of clean cooking products and end users; focus groups with end users, a majority of whom are women; and analysis of industry material will be undertaken under this activity. This will provide manufacturers and distributors of clean cooking solutions insights on product preferences, willingness to pay, and constraints to clean cooking products purchase that are faced by the end users. The 60 UBOS and ICF. 2018. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Kampala, Uganda and Rockville, Maryland, USA: UBOS and ICF. 61 Market Assessment Study: Stand-alone Solar for Productive Uses in Uganda, The World Bank. Study conducted by Economic Consulting Associates Ltd, and African Solar Designs. 62 Uganda Clean Cooking Behavioral Diagnostic, ESMAP ( Energy Sector Management Assistance Program ). 2019. Washington, D. C.: World Bank", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 861, + 897, + "named" + ], + [ + 540, + 545, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 850, + 853, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 855, + 859, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 861, + 867, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 898, + 902, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 904, + 911, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 913, + 919, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 959, + 962, + "Uganda Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2018. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Kampala, Uganda and Rockville, Maryland, USA: UBOS and ICF.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "appears in the context of a structured data collection", + "described explicitly with a year and collaboration of institutions", + "often referred to heavily in demographic and health research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'Uganda Demographic and Health Survey' is widely recognized as a specific survey that collects health and demographic data. The context provided mentions the year, the origin of the data collection (UBOS and ICF), and the geographical setting, which indicates that it is more than just a project name or an information system. It behaves as a concrete dataset since it is recognized for being utilized in demographic studies and is a primary source for various analyses regarding Uganda's health status. The model may have initially confused this mention due to its formal designation which contains the word 'survey,' prompting a recognition as a project. However, the clarity of it being cited as a key data source in research mitigates that confusion. Thus, it is appropriately considered a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey is treated as a real dataset because it is a recognized structured collection of demographic and health data, explicitly cited with its institutional support." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 111, + "text": "A draft PPSD was developed to improve the implementation of the project and help achieve results. The PPSD resulted in the preparation of an initial 18-month PP setting forth the selection methods to be followed by the IA during project implementation in the procurement of goods, works, and non-consulting and consulting services financed by the World Bank. The PP will be updated at least annually or as required to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity. The IA will use STEP in the implementation of the project. This is a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. After getting the World Bank \u2019 s agreement to the work plan, all documents at each stage of the procurement process will be uploaded in STEP for the World Bank \u2019 s post review. 7. Procurement capacity risk assessment. The procurement activities will be implemented by the PIUs at MEMD and UECCC. Assessment of the respective IAs was conducted as part of project preparation, and it was noted that project management will make use of existing procurement management arrangements. The proposed IAs have experience implementing World Bank-funded projects, and the project will leverage the gain in procurement capacity training of procurement staff through the implementation of the previous and the ongoing World Bank-funded projects, ERT-3 and GERP. The MEMD has a PCU and a PIU supported by 66 Supplies - UGX 1 billion ( US $ 266, 667 ), road works - UGX45 billion ( US $ 12 million ), public works - UGX10 billion ( US $ 2, 7 million ), consultancy services - UGX1 billion ( US $ 266, 667 ), and non-consultancy services - UGX 200 million ( US $ 53, 000 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 526, + 530, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The PP will be updated at least annually or as required to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity. The IA will use STEP in the implementation of the project. This is a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance.", + "type": "planning and tracking system", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system used for procurement activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a planning and tracking system", + "described to provide data on procurement activities", + "does not explicitly state it is a dataset or source of structured records", + "follows the phrase 'will use STEP in the implementation of the project'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'STEP', it's important to look at the surrounding context which clearly describes it as a planning and tracking system. Although it seems to suggest that it provides data regarding procurement activities, the language used indicates that it functions more as a tool or infrastructure for managing this data rather than as a concrete dataset itself. The model may have been confused due to the context's reference to data provision and its subsequent use in project implementation, which could make it appear as an actionable data source. However, the lack of clarity in stating it as a dataset or a structured collection of records, combined with its classified role as a system, underscores that it should not be interpreted as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "STEP is not a dataset in this context; it is a system utilized for tracking and managing procurement activities, rather than a standalone structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 111, + "text": "A draft PPSD was developed to improve the implementation of the project and help achieve results. The PPSD resulted in the preparation of an initial 18-month PP setting forth the selection methods to be followed by the IA during project implementation in the procurement of goods, works, and non-consulting and consulting services financed by the World Bank. The PP will be updated at least annually or as required to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity. The IA will use STEP in the implementation of the project. This is a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. After getting the World Bank \u2019 s agreement to the work plan, all documents at each stage of the procurement process will be uploaded in STEP for the World Bank \u2019 s post review. 7. Procurement capacity risk assessment. The procurement activities will be implemented by the PIUs at MEMD and UECCC. Assessment of the respective IAs was conducted as part of project preparation, and it was noted that project management will make use of existing procurement management arrangements. The proposed IAs have experience implementing World Bank-funded projects, and the project will leverage the gain in procurement capacity training of procurement staff through the implementation of the previous and the ongoing World Bank-funded projects, ERT-3 and GERP. The MEMD has a PCU and a PIU supported by 66 Supplies - UGX 1 billion ( US $ 266, 667 ), road works - UGX45 billion ( US $ 12 million ), public works - UGX10 billion ( US $ 2, 7 million ), consultancy services - UGX1 billion ( US $ 266, 667 ), and non-consultancy services - UGX 200 million ( US $ 53, 000 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 872, + 876, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This is a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. After getting the World Bank \u2019 s agreement to the work plan, all documents at each stage of the procurement process will be uploaded in STEP for the World Bank \u2019 s post review. 7.", + "type": "planning and tracking system", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system used for procurement activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "provides data on procurement activities", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "focused on tracking and monitoring, not on serving as a data repository" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, STEP is identified as a planning and tracking system relevant to procurement activities. It is not portrayed as a structured collection of data or a dataset. The term appears in a way that emphasizes its role as an infrastructure or tool for managing procurement, rather than being a direct source of structured data. The presence of phrases like 'planning and tracking system' and references to 'data on procurement activities' supports the understanding that STEP serves as an operational tool rather than a dataset itself. Potential confusion may arise because STEP might interface with data or hold information, but it is not primarily characterized as a dataset in the text itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, STEP is considered a system that facilitates procurement tracking rather than a dataset. It does not serve as a concrete data source in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 119, + "text": "The books of accounts to be maintained specifically for the proposed Project should thus be set up and should include cash book, ledgers, journal vouchers, fixed asset register, and a contract register. There is a list of accounts codes ( chart of accounts ) that allows project costs to be directly related to specific work activities and outputs of the project. 8. Staffing arrangements. The MEMD and UECCC are adequately staffed with qualified and experienced accounting staff. The function is headed by the Undersecretary at the MEMD who reports to the Permanent Secretary while a finance manager heads the departments at the UECCC, including an accountant and assistant accountant. The staff are qualified and experienced. To maintain a strong coordination function at the MEMD, its current staffing arrangement will continue to have a dedicated accountant for prompt reporting by line ministries. 9. Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project. The users are also well trained to use the software. Line ministries will keep basic records which will be consolidated at the MEMD. 10. Internal controls and audit. The UECCC have FM manuals that describe the accounting system while ministries have existing treasury accounting instructions issued under the Public Finance Management Act which describes the accounting system, that is, major transaction cycles of the project, funds flow processes, the accounting records, supporting documents, computer files, and specific accounts in the financial statements involved in the processing of transactions; the list of accounting codes used to group transactions ( chart of accounts ); the accounting processes from the initiation of a transaction to its inclusion in the financial statements; authorization procedures for transactions; the financial reporting process used to prepare the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 942, + 953, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "Sun Systems is a computerized accounting software, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as software rather than a data source; follows with descriptions of its functions for financial reports; enumerated alongside other systems, not datasets; implies usage as an accounting tool, not a structured dataset.", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sun Systems' is explicitly described as a computerized accounting software, which indicates its role as a tool for managing financial data rather than a standalone dataset for analysis. The phrases surrounding it clarify that it is part of the financial reporting infrastructure used by the UECCC and MEMD. The confusion might arise from the mention of 'producing reports', which could imply that data is derived from it, but this does not transform it into a dataset itself. Instead, it\u2019s more of a software application that facilitates the handling of data, suggesting it may store data but does not serve as a dataset available for analytical use in research terminology. The extraction model may have categorized it as a potential dataset due to its proper noun status and the context of financial reporting, which typically requires datasets but misinterprets the functional role of the software.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Sun Systems' refers to accounting software, serving as a tool rather than a dataset for analysis, as it doesn't contain structured data for research use." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 119, + "text": "The books of accounts to be maintained specifically for the proposed Project should thus be set up and should include cash book, ledgers, journal vouchers, fixed asset register, and a contract register. There is a list of accounts codes ( chart of accounts ) that allows project costs to be directly related to specific work activities and outputs of the project. 8. Staffing arrangements. The MEMD and UECCC are adequately staffed with qualified and experienced accounting staff. The function is headed by the Undersecretary at the MEMD who reports to the Permanent Secretary while a finance manager heads the departments at the UECCC, including an accountant and assistant accountant. The staff are qualified and experienced. To maintain a strong coordination function at the MEMD, its current staffing arrangement will continue to have a dedicated accountant for prompt reporting by line ministries. 9. Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project. The users are also well trained to use the software. Line ministries will keep basic records which will be consolidated at the MEMD. 10. Internal controls and audit. The UECCC have FM manuals that describe the accounting system while ministries have existing treasury accounting instructions issued under the Public Finance Management Act which describes the accounting system, that is, major transaction cycles of the project, funds flow processes, the accounting records, supporting documents, computer files, and specific accounts in the financial statements involved in the processing of transactions; the list of accounting codes used to group transactions ( chart of accounts ); the accounting processes from the initiation of a transaction to its inclusion in the financial statements; authorization procedures for transactions; the financial reporting process used to prepare the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 958, + 964, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "Pastel refers to a computerized accounting software, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other software systems", + "referred to as computerized accounting software", + "not explicitly described as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Pastel' is clearly identified as a type of computerized accounting software used by UECCC. It is mentioned in conjunction with other systems (Sun Systems and IFMS) without any indication that it is itself the source of structured data for analysis, reports, or research. While accounting software does contain data, it functions primarily as an infrastructure or tool for financial management rather than serving as a standalone dataset. The extraction model might have been confused due to the capitalization of 'Pastel' and its position within a list of tools and systems, triggering connections to conventional dataset mentions. However, since these tools are mentioned for their ability to generate reports rather than as sources of data, they do not fulfill the criteria for being a dataset in the analytical context put forward.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Pastel' is not considered a dataset because it is an accounting software rather than a structured collection of data specifically analyzed for research purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 119, + "text": "The books of accounts to be maintained specifically for the proposed Project should thus be set up and should include cash book, ledgers, journal vouchers, fixed asset register, and a contract register. There is a list of accounts codes ( chart of accounts ) that allows project costs to be directly related to specific work activities and outputs of the project. 8. Staffing arrangements. The MEMD and UECCC are adequately staffed with qualified and experienced accounting staff. The function is headed by the Undersecretary at the MEMD who reports to the Permanent Secretary while a finance manager heads the departments at the UECCC, including an accountant and assistant accountant. The staff are qualified and experienced. To maintain a strong coordination function at the MEMD, its current staffing arrangement will continue to have a dedicated accountant for prompt reporting by line ministries. 9. Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project. The users are also well trained to use the software. Line ministries will keep basic records which will be consolidated at the MEMD. 10. Internal controls and audit. The UECCC have FM manuals that describe the accounting system while ministries have existing treasury accounting instructions issued under the Public Finance Management Act which describes the accounting system, that is, major transaction cycles of the project, funds flow processes, the accounting records, supporting documents, computer files, and specific accounts in the financial statements involved in the processing of transactions; the list of accounting codes used to group transactions ( chart of accounts ); the accounting processes from the initiation of a transaction to its inclusion in the financial statements; authorization procedures for transactions; the financial reporting process used to prepare the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1019, + 1023, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Information systems. The UECCC uses Sun Systems and Pastel computerized accounting software while the MEMD is on IFMS. These packages can produce project financial reports instantly and will be used to produce reports for this project.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a software tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "mentioned in the context of software tools", + "not presented as a source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' stands for Integrated Financial Management System, which is clearly defined as an information system rather than a standalone dataset. The sentence indicates that the MEMD is using this system without suggesting that it itself constitutes a structured collection of data. While the model might have deemed IFMS as a potential dataset due to its capitalization and mention in a technical context, the surrounding language makes it clear that it functions as a software tool designed for financial management rather than a direct data source. The confusion likely arises from the phrase 'can produce project financial reports instantly', which might suggest data output, but does not imply that 'IFMS' is a dataset in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IFMS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is identified as an information management system (software tool), not a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 123, + "text": "Health centers are unable to provide quality and reliable services to the refugees and host communities due to limited and inadequate electricity supply. Social facilities are over capacity as they are serving nationals and refugees, while power supply is inadequate and non-reliable. Most of these critical loads are powered by solar systems and high-cost diesel generators provided by UNHCR, but supply is unable to meet the ever-increasing demand from the refugee settlements and host communities. To improve on service delivery and livelihoods within these settlements and surrounding host communities, it is necessary to enhance access to reliable and sustainable forms of energy services. UNHCR has identified energy as a critical area for refugees and host communities needing financing support from development partners69. COVID-19 has only increased the necessity for these improvements. Furthermore, energy for productive uses to support livelihood activities like agro-processing and appropriate technology for food preservation is scarcely available in refugee settlements and their host communities, leaving refugees communities dependent on humanitarian aid. 3. The design of Component 3 was also informed by the Diagnostic Study70 conducted by the World Bank in selected refugee-hosting districts to address behavioral challenges for refugees and host communities in switching from traditional fuels to off-grid and clean cooking technologies. The study led to the identification of several psychological and social bottlenecks for the uptake of off-grid solar products and clean cooking.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1227, + 1245, + "named" + ], + [ + 74, + 82, + "Diagnostic Study70 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1263, + 1273, + "Diagnostic Study70 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1311, + "Diagnostic Study70 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1349, + 1357, + "Diagnostic Study70 <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1506, + 1542, + "Diagnostic Study70 <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3. The design of Component 3 was also informed by the Diagnostic Study70 conducted by the World Bank in selected refugee-hosting districts to address behavioral challenges for refugees and host communities in switching from traditional fuels to off-grid and clean cooking technologies. The study led to the identification of several psychological and social bottlenecks for the uptake of off-grid solar products and clean cooking.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The term refers to a study conducted by the World Bank, which likely includes structured data collected for analysis regarding energy access and behavioral challenges in refugee-hosting districts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a study conducted by the World Bank", + "focus on behavioral challenges rather than direct data collection", + "not described as containing structured records or datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Diagnostic Study70' refers to a research study rather than a concrete dataset. While it may encompass data collection, the mention is primarily about informing design based on insights gained from studying behavioral challenges. The term does not suggest that it serves as a direct source of structured datasets for analysis. The confusion may arise because the term is capitalized and follows phrases that suggest data usage, which can mislead extraction models into categorizing it as a dataset. However, it is clear from the context that it pertains more to the study's findings rather than a standalone dataset that could be referenced or analyzed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Diagnostic Study70 is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it refers to a study focused on behavioral insights rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 123, + "text": "This enabled the design of a comprehensive range of context - and problem-specific behavioral solutions, taking as a basis behavioral science literature and analysis of the evidence collected. As example, behavioral approaches have been successfully applied in the past to increase effectiveness of economic stimulus such as cash transfers. The study also identified solutions to address behavioral challenges that impede system maintenance and power generation for public institutions. To address lack of local ownership, options include localized job training for solar O & M, sharing power generation with surrounding communities, and required ( nominal ) payments from the facilities themselves. Information campaigns can be used to address pre-conceived perceptual biases against both solar systems and the service model, including cost comparisons between stand-alone solar and other options, and assurance of payments over contract lifetimes. To address confirmation bias which leads to a lack of appreciation for the solar systems and the 68 UBOS and World Bank ( 2020 ) Economic and Social Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugee Population in Uganda: Results from the High - Frequency Phone Survey for Refugees in Uganda \u2013 First Round. 69 UNHCR ( 2022 ) Uganda Refugee Protection Assessment Update 3 for the period July to December 2021. 70 Forthcoming.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1169, + 1198, + "named" + ], + [ + 1059, + 1069, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1072, + 1076, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1122, + 1140, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1144, + 1150, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1215, + 1221, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1255, + 1261, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1316, + 1337, + "High - Frequency Phone Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Information campaigns can be used to address pre-conceived perceptual biases against both solar systems and the service model, including cost comparisons between stand-alone solar and other options, and assurance of payments over contract lifetimes. To address confirmation bias which leads to a lack of appreciation for the solar systems and the 68 UBOS and World Bank ( 2020 ) Economic and Social Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugee Population in Uganda: Results from the High - Frequency Phone Survey for Refugees in Uganda \u2013 First Round. 69 UNHCR ( 2022 ) Uganda Refugee Protection Assessment Update 3 for the period July to December 2021.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey that collects data on the economic and social impacts of COVID-19 on the refugee population in Uganda, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018results from\u2019", + "described as a survey collecting data", + "provides specific contextual focus on refugee population", + "enumerated alongside other reports" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'High - Frequency Phone Survey' is associated with a specific data collection effort focused on refugees in Uganda, which is highlighted in the sentence as directly related to the empirical context presented. The phrase 'results from' indicates that it is being used as a source of data for the analysis. This suggests that it is not just a project name or an information system, but rather an actual dataset since it refers to gathered data from the survey. This could confuse models that rely purely on seeing a project or system name, particularly given the formal title structure, which might be misleadingly interpreted as a named database or infrastructure. However, the context clearly ties it to data collection and provides evidence that it contains structured data on social and economic impacts, affirming its role as a valid dataset rather than merely an associated project or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'High - Frequency Phone Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as collecting data about the refugee population, indicating it serves as a structured source of information." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 125, + "text": "The World Bank Electricity Access Scale-up Project ( EASP ) ( P166685 ) Page 120 of 130 4. The design of the component supports the implementation of Uganda \u2019 s COVID-19 priorities and Strategy Note on Support for Refugee and Host Communities, as well as UNHCR \u2019 s Uganda 2020 \u2013 21 Refugee Response Plan, the directions outlined in the CRRF Strategic Direction and National Plan of Action, and the SERP. More specifically, the project follows the overall request of the GoU to development partners to switch from in-kind contributions to cash-based support and overall market stimulation. This new approach also builds on the recent literature on Minimum Expenditure Baskets, which highlights that establishing markets in refugee areas supports the graduation from humanitarian to development aid. Overall, experience world - wide also indicates that entirely free electricity services ( grid and off-grid ) do not translate into adequate quality of services and sustainability of access efforts. 5. The WHR grant funding will also support the integration into the Geospatial National Planning Platform of the data available for the districts hosting refugees. The platform will ensure a least-cost approach to grid and off-grid service delivery, to inform the GIS-based design of the PDSC under MEMD and private sector markets. Furthermore, it will provide least-cost solutions targeted for the socioeconomic development of the districts through a cross-sectoral approach.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1065, + 1102, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5. The WHR grant funding will also support the integration into the Geospatial National Planning Platform of the data available for the districts hosting refugees. The platform will ensure a least-cost approach to grid and off-grid service delivery, to inform the GIS-based design of the PDSC under MEMD and private sector markets.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Geospatial National Planning Platform is a tool or system for planning and analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a platform for integration of data", + "not described as containing specific datasets", + "recognized as a tool for planning and analysis rather than a repository of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Geospatial National Planning Platform' is discussed as a system that integrates data for planning purposes rather than being a dataset itself. The phrase 'integration into the Geospatial National Planning Platform' indicates that this platform is a tool for processing and analyzing data, not a direct source of raw structured records. The mention here focuses on its functionality in planning and ensuring efficiencies in service delivery rather than on it being a collection of specific datasets. A model could confuse this term as a dataset mention because it is capitalized and appears at a significant stage in a context where data is being discussed. However, it is essential to draw the distinction that while the platform may facilitate the use of datasets, it is not itself classified as a dataset. This is a common area of confusion as many systems or platforms house data yet don't themselves comprise a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Geospatial National Planning Platform' is not a dataset; it is a planning tool that integrates existing data, not a repository or structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "029_IBArchive-ea5ff2ad-6f1f-45bf-a2ad-036440562c18", + "page": 125, + "text": "The Platform will be developed under Component 4. The cross-sectoral Geospatial National Planning Platform will support stakeholders \u2019 coordination of interventions, as recommended in the CRRF Road Map. In close collaboration with OPM and UNHCR, the platform will map ongoing interventions across sectors to fill the information gap for synergies and collaboration among development partners; as well as with the GoU public programs. The platform will support the efforts of the OPM to coordinate stakeholders \u2019 activities and syndicate the financing needed. The CRRF identifies improved coordination of stakeholders as a driving force for the graduation of this population from humanitarian to development aid. 6. The lessons learned with the implementation of the WHR grant offer opportunities for scale up in similar rural, chronically poor, COVID-19 affected, and vulnerable areas in the country and in the context of displacement in other countries. If successful, the activities could be rolled out at the national level and provide the first lessons learned from an energy project in the context of displacement and shock response linked to COVID. The approach adopted under the project includes a critical role for the scale up and scale - out of the quality of electricity services needed to power income-generating activities. Simulating economic growth and improving affordability is a key feature for the sustainability of interventions and to avoid dependence from humanitarian and development aid. 7. To maximize the development impact, the project seeks synergies across the World Bank portfolio and with development partners enabling communities to respond more effectively to COVID pressures through a whole-of-portfolio approach. Collaborations with the World Bank portfolio in Uganda are detailed in table 7. 1. The World Bank consultations on the portfolio with a component on displacement also led to the identification of synergies at the national level. Collaboration is also envisaged for technical specifications for ( a ) off-grid solar systems for social institutions, ( b ) solar powered water systems, and ( c ) technical specification and design of solar-powered street lighting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 69, + 106, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Platform will be developed under Component 4. The cross-sectoral Geospatial National Planning Platform will support stakeholders \u2019 coordination of interventions, as recommended in the CRRF Road Map. In close collaboration with OPM and UNHCR, the platform will map ongoing interventions across sectors to fill the information gap for synergies and collaboration among development partners; as well as with the GoU public programs.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Geospatial National Planning Platform is described as a tool for coordination and mapping interventions, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for coordination and mapping", + "mentioned as a tool in collaboration with stakeholders", + "not framed as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the context of the term 'Geospatial National Planning Platform,' it is important to consider how it is being presented. The phrasing indicates that this platform is primarily designed for coordinating interventions and mapping activities rather than serving as a repository of structured data. The lack of explicit mention of actual datasets or records, along with the focus on the platform's functional role and collaboration with stakeholders, suggests that it operates more as a tool or framework rather than a concrete dataset. The confusion for models might arise from its capitalized name, which resembles that of a dataset, and the reference to data mapping, but these cues point toward it being an operational platform instead. Thus, it is clearer to categorize 'Geospatial National Planning Platform' as a system or project rather than an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Geospatial National Planning Platform' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions primarily as a tool for coordination and mapping interventions, rather than as a structured collection of data used for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 11, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 6 of 117 I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT A. Country Context 1. Before the Coronavirus Disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) pandemic, Kenya had achieved strong development gains, becoming a lower-middle-income country, reducing poverty, and building its human capital. Kenya had a population of 47. 5 million ( 2019 ) and a per capita gross domestic product ( GDP ) of US $ 1, 879 ( World Development Indicators ( WDI ), 2020 ). Its relatively diversified economy posted strong, sustained growth, lifting real GDP by an annual average of 5. 0 percent from 2010-19. Poverty rates have declined; the share of the population living below the national poverty line fell from 46. 8 percent in 2005 / 06 to 36. 1 percent in 2015 / 16. The country \u2019 s ranking in the World Bank \u2019 s Human Capital Index ( HCI, 2020 ) places Kenya third in Sub-Saharan Africa, after Seychelles and Mauritius, reflecting significant investments in health care and basic education. 2. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the economy and increased poverty, although a significant albeit uneven recovery is underway.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 437, + 465, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 160, + 164, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 188, + 193, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 468, + 471, + "World Development Indicators <> acronym" + ], + [ + 475, + 479, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 610, + 617, + "World Development Indicators <> reference year" + ], + [ + 772, + 781, + "World Development Indicators <> reference year" + ], + [ + 814, + 824, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 856, + 860, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Kenya had a population of 47. 5 million ( 2019 ) and a per capita gross domestic product ( GDP ) of US $ 1, 879 ( World Development Indicators ( WDI ), 2020 ). Its relatively diversified economy posted strong, sustained growth, lifting real GDP by an annual average of 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding global development metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a collection of data for research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The phrase 'World Development Indicators' is widely recognized as a dataset compiled by the World Bank that provides statistical data on various development metrics for countries around the world. In the given context, it follows the mention of a specific economic metric (GDP) and indicates that the GDP figure for Kenya is sourced from this data collection. The context supports its identification as a dataset rather than a system or project because it is presented as a reputable source for structured data related to economic growth. There is no indication that it serves merely as an infrastructure or tool, making it clear that it functions as a dataset in this context. However, potential confusion for a model may arise because it's a formal title which could be misattributed to a project or system if not considered within its established role as a database of indicators.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' is certainly treated as a dataset, as it is a recognized collection of data used to inform reports and analyses, specifically referenced for the GDP figure of Kenya." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 16, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 11 of 117 Figure 4: Comparison Table: Human CapitaI Index, 2020 Source: World Bank Analysis based on HCI, 2020 13. Students are leaving school without the core competencies needed to become productive citizens who can contribute to Kenya \u2019 s growth and advancement. Learning outcomes are low in higher order competencies ( Technical Assessment Annex 3, Tables 3. 1 and 3. 2 ) in basic education, with wide regional disparities. Despite the government \u2019 s efforts, the 2018 and 2019 National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement ( NASMLA ) shows that only 58 percent and 59 percent of learners in grade 3 meet the minimum proficiency8 levels in literacy and numeracy, respectively. In grade 7, the comparative figures are 44 percent for literacy and 29 percent for numeracy. Low learning achievements in higher order skills is also evident among grade 7 students ( Figure 5 ). While the National average for harmonized learning outcomes is 455, Counties such as Wajir and Mandera perform below the national average, at 371 and 355 respectively. Learning outcomes also vary by wealth quantiles ( Figure 6 ) likely contributing to dropout and low retention rates in some regions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 559, + 620, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 149, + 159, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 309, + 314, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> data geography" + ], + [ + 545, + 549, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> publication year" + ], + [ + 554, + 558, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> publication year" + ], + [ + 623, + 629, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> acronym" + ], + [ + 938, + 954, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1054, + 1059, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1071, + "National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 ) in basic education, with wide regional disparities. Despite the government \u2019 s efforts, the 2018 and 2019 National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement ( NASMLA ) shows that only 58 percent and 59 percent of learners in grade 3 meet the minimum proficiency8 levels in literacy and numeracy, respectively. In grade 7, the comparative figures are 44 percent for literacy and 29 percent for numeracy.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement is a structured collection of data related to student learning outcomes, making it a dataset used for educational research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a National Assessment System", + "described in the context of basic education performance", + "not referred to as a source of data in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement', the context suggests it is an assessment framework rather than a concrete dataset. While it appears to collect data regarding student learning outcomes, the phrasing emphasizes its role as a system or framework, which is used to evaluate and report on educational performance rather than serving as a standalone dataset. The term functions more as a project or system that conducts assessments instead of simply a structured collection of data or a dataset itself. The model may have confused the term as a dataset because it is capitalized, indicative of a formal name, and its involvement in quantitative analysis could suggest it collects data, but ultimately, it does not serve as a data source in the manner that a dataset would typically be recognized. It sounds formal and systematic, potentially leading the model to misidentify it as a dataset. Hence, I find it better recognized as an assessment framework that provides data for educational insights rather than a dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'National Assessment System for Monitoring Learner Achievement' is better understood as an assessment framework or system rather than a dataset, as it is framed in the context of evaluating performance and not explicitly described as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 19, + "text": "Teacher shortages, inadequate instructional materials and school running costs ( including for assessment and national exams ), as well as lack of basic school infrastructure have been identified as key priority issues in the refugee camp-based and host community schools in Kakuma, Dadaab and Kalobeyei. 16 Additional support to these schools in refugee hosting counties would contribute to the raising of education outcomes in some of the most economically and educationally disadvantaged counties. In urban areas, refugees \u2019 main barrier to access education is the cost of transport, books, uniforms, and other indirect costs. Other key limitations include different educational experiences and linguistic competencies which can result in students falling behind or dropping out, lack of information and resources to support the processes for recognition for prior learning, and lack of birth certificates and differences in registration documents, required to be registered in the National Education Management Information System ( NEMIS ) and for national examinations. C. Relationship to the CPS / CPF and Rationale for Use of Instrument 21. The proposed PforR is aligned with a draft World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework for Kenya ( CPF, FY22 \u2013 - FY27 ), which identifies three High-Level Outcomes ( HLO ): ( i ) faster labor productivity growth; ( ii ) inclusion and equality institutionalized; and ( iii ) greater productivity and preservation of Kenya \u2019 s 14 Ibid. 15 UNHCR and World Bank, ( 2021 ), Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya: Volume C: Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey. 16 Baseline assessment conducted by UNHCR and MoE in light of schools reopening", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 985, + 1033, + "named" + ], + [ + 226, + 271, + "National Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 283, + 289, + "National Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 294, + 303, + "National Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 882, + 908, + "National Education Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1036, + 1041, + "National Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1242, + 1247, + "National Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1488, + 1493, + "National Education Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1512, + 1516, + "National Education Management Information System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1613, + 1647, + "National Education Management Information System <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1685, + 1690, + "National Education Management Information System <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In urban areas, refugees \u2019 main barrier to access education is the cost of transport, books, uniforms, and other indirect costs. Other key limitations include different educational experiences and linguistic competencies which can result in students falling behind or dropping out, lack of information and resources to support the processes for recognition for prior learning, and lack of birth certificates and differences in registration documents, required to be registered in the National Education Management Information System ( NEMIS ) and for national examinations. C.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The National Education Management Information System (NEMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a requirement for registration", + "described as an information system", + "not directly referenced as a data source in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'National Education Management Information System' (NEMIS) is positioned as a part of the process for registering students and is framed within the broader context of barriers to education access rather than as a direct dataset source. Although NEMIS may indeed house data, in this context it does not explicitly serve as a dataset in the analysis. Moreover, the mention relates to procedural requirements (e.g., needed for registration and national examinations) rather than indicating that this is a dataset being utilized for statistical or analytical purposes. This context creates potential confusion for the model, which may have misidentified NEMIS as a dataset based purely on its formal name and structure, without recognizing that it functions more like an infrastructure system supporting data registration and management rather than as a direct analytical data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the National Education Management Information System is not functioning as a dataset itself but rather as an information system that facilitates educational processes; hence it should not be labeled as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 19, + "text": "Teacher shortages, inadequate instructional materials and school running costs ( including for assessment and national exams ), as well as lack of basic school infrastructure have been identified as key priority issues in the refugee camp-based and host community schools in Kakuma, Dadaab and Kalobeyei. 16 Additional support to these schools in refugee hosting counties would contribute to the raising of education outcomes in some of the most economically and educationally disadvantaged counties. In urban areas, refugees \u2019 main barrier to access education is the cost of transport, books, uniforms, and other indirect costs. Other key limitations include different educational experiences and linguistic competencies which can result in students falling behind or dropping out, lack of information and resources to support the processes for recognition for prior learning, and lack of birth certificates and differences in registration documents, required to be registered in the National Education Management Information System ( NEMIS ) and for national examinations. C. Relationship to the CPS / CPF and Rationale for Use of Instrument 21. The proposed PforR is aligned with a draft World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework for Kenya ( CPF, FY22 \u2013 - FY27 ), which identifies three High-Level Outcomes ( HLO ): ( i ) faster labor productivity growth; ( ii ) inclusion and equality institutionalized; and ( iii ) greater productivity and preservation of Kenya \u2019 s 14 Ibid. 15 UNHCR and World Bank, ( 2021 ), Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya: Volume C: Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey. 16 Baseline assessment conducted by UNHCR and MoE in light of schools reopening", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1613, + 1647, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed PforR is aligned with a draft World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework for Kenya ( CPF, FY22 \u2013 - FY27 ), which identifies three High-Level Outcomes ( HLO ): ( i ) faster labor productivity growth; ( ii ) inclusion and equality institutionalized; and ( iii ) greater productivity and preservation of Kenya \u2019 s 14 Ibid. 15 UNHCR and World Bank, ( 2021 ), Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya: Volume C: Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey. 16 Baseline assessment conducted by UNHCR and MoE in light of schools reopening", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, which is used for research and analysis of socioeconomic conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows a citation that indicates a source of data", + "described as a survey for socioeconomic conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, '2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' is presented as a product of the UNHCR and World Bank, making it clear that it contains structured data collected for a specific purpose. The phrase 'Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' signals that the term is not just a project or a system but is indeed being referred to as a data source that produced findings relevant to socioeconomic conditions. While the term could be confused with a broader project or program, here it clearly serves as a foundational dataset used in the analysis detailed in the document. This clarity in its usage distinguishes it from being merely a title of a system or project, thus affirming its classification as a dataset. Models may have confused this term with a project or system simply due to its name, but the explicit context of it being a survey provides strong evidence for it being treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term '2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' is a dataset in this context, as it refers to a structured collection of survey data utilized for research on socioeconomic conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 28, + "text": "The KNEC \u2019 s school specific analysis for the learning assessments and examinations conducted in 2020 and 2021, and for the school reentry learning assessments conducted in January 2021 after the prolonged school closure, will be used to set the baseline and targets in the SIP for improving learning outcomes. \u2022 Learners school attendance: target schools will conduct regular parent / community meetings and relevant mobilization activities to ensure regular school attendance and specifically monitor retention of girls in grades 6 to 8 and allow reentry for teenage mothers in primary in line with the National reentry guidelines. Target schools are expected to closely track student \u2019 s attendance by gender and grade and submit attendance data on NEMIS. Subcounty-based education teams from the MoE, will be expected to visit target schools once a month to monitor school attendance, identify learners at risk of dropping out and agree on remedial actions with the school management. \u2022 School management and accountability: target schools will be supported to comply with MoE \u2019 s requirements for accountability30 in management of the student capitation grants ( as well as the proposed school grant ) and facilitate teachers to participate in the monthly SBTS cluster meetings. School heads, their deputies, and the senior teacher, will be expected to complete the school instructional leadership module which the TSC plans to develop and deliver through a third party. Support to the 50 30 Include inter alia, availability of approved costed annual work plan by the school committee / boards of management; maintenance of updated cash books; evidence of appropriate store ledgers; adherence to procurement procedures; and school level public disclosure of relevant information IPF", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 752, + 757, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 8, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 97, + 101, + "NEMIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 106, + 110, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 124, + 159, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 181, + 185, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 733, + 748, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u2022 Learners school attendance: target schools will conduct regular parent / community meetings and relevant mobilization activities to ensure regular school attendance and specifically monitor retention of girls in grades 6 to 8 and allow reentry for teenage mothers in primary in line with the National reentry guidelines. Target schools are expected to closely track student \u2019 s attendance by gender and grade and submit attendance data on NEMIS. Subcounty-based education teams from the MoE, will be expected to visit target schools once a month to monitor school attendance, identify learners at risk of dropping out and agree on remedial actions with the school management.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database used for tracking and managing educational data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentions submission of attendance data on NEMIS", + "described in relation to tracking and monitoring attendance", + "implies use as a data source for educational statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is presented as a system used for submitting and tracking attendance data for schools. Although it is an information management system, the text indicates that it is used to collect structured attendance data, which suggests it can function as a dataset. The phrase \u2018submit attendance data on NEMIS\u2019 implies that it holds organized records of attendance that can be analyzed and reported on, hence justifying the label as a dataset. The confusion might arise because NEMIS is an acronym for a management information system, but here it is clearly treated in a way consistent with being a source of specific data. While it is a system, it is also directly tied to the reporting of attendance data, reinforcing its role as a dataset in the given context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS functions as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a place where attendance data is submitted and managed, which aligns with the characteristics of a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 31, + "text": "The first action pertains to better utilization of NEMIS data for filling information gaps in CBC implementation, specifically in respect of the allocation of capitation grants, mapping of school needs, and development budget allocations. The second action is capacity strengthening of the teacher training colleges to ensure that their graduates have acquired the core competencies including retooling of tutors and establishment of ICT enabled learning resource centers, to ensure teachers, to implement the CBC and CBA. The third action to establish standards and tools for quality assurance of preschools, is fully aligned with the CBC \u2019 s objective of improving basic education quality. Finally, construction of new classrooms in existing schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan, will address the CBC \u2019 s requirement for improved learning conditions in schools. 46. The Program will support the KNEC to conduct and disseminate NASMLA for grades 3 in 2023 and 2026, which will also inform the PDO indicator for learning outcomes. The participating agency for the assessment is KNEC. Considering the need for robust TA and capacity building of the implementing institutions to carry out the reforms and sustain reform momentum to ensure achievement of objectives, support will be provided through the IPF component and some of the capacity building actions will be reflected in the PAP. IPF Component 47.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 51, + 56, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 61, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 145, + 176, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 178, + 201, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 207, + 237, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 929, + 933, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 984, + 988, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 993, + 997, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1110, + 1114, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The first action pertains to better utilization of NEMIS data for filling information gaps in CBC implementation, specifically in respect of the allocation of capitation grants, mapping of school needs, and development budget allocations. The second action is capacity strengthening of the teacher training colleges to ensure that their graduates have acquired the core competencies including retooling of tutors and establishment of ICT enabled learning resource centers, to ensure teachers, to implement the CBC and CBA.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for educational research and analysis, particularly in the context of managing information related to schools and education systems.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as data for filling information gaps", + "focus on utilization rather than source of data", + "not explicitly described as a dataset, but as part of a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' seems to refer to a management information system rather than a discrete dataset. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' indicates that NEMIS serves as a repository or framework from which data is drawn to address specific research or operational needs, rather than standing alone as a dataset itself. There are no phrases clearly indicating it is a systematically structured dataset for analysis; instead, it is related to processes of data usage and information gaps. A model might be confused here due to the capitalization and structure of the term, implying it could be treated like a dataset, but upon closer inspection of the wording, it appears more like infrastructure that houses data related to education management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not a dataset per se; it functions more as a management information system from which data is utilized, without being a standalone data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 31, + "text": "The first action pertains to better utilization of NEMIS data for filling information gaps in CBC implementation, specifically in respect of the allocation of capitation grants, mapping of school needs, and development budget allocations. The second action is capacity strengthening of the teacher training colleges to ensure that their graduates have acquired the core competencies including retooling of tutors and establishment of ICT enabled learning resource centers, to ensure teachers, to implement the CBC and CBA. The third action to establish standards and tools for quality assurance of preschools, is fully aligned with the CBC \u2019 s objective of improving basic education quality. Finally, construction of new classrooms in existing schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan, will address the CBC \u2019 s requirement for improved learning conditions in schools. 46. The Program will support the KNEC to conduct and disseminate NASMLA for grades 3 in 2023 and 2026, which will also inform the PDO indicator for learning outcomes. The participating agency for the assessment is KNEC. Considering the need for robust TA and capacity building of the implementing institutions to carry out the reforms and sustain reform momentum to ensure achievement of objectives, support will be provided through the IPF component and some of the capacity building actions will be reflected in the PAP. IPF Component 47.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 961, + 967, + "named" + ], + [ + 929, + 933, + "NASMLA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 984, + 988, + "NASMLA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 993, + 997, + "NASMLA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1110, + 1114, + "NASMLA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "46. The Program will support the KNEC to conduct and disseminate NASMLA for grades 3 in 2023 and 2026, which will also inform the PDO indicator for learning outcomes. The participating agency for the assessment is KNEC.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "NASMLA refers to an assessment that collects data on learning outcomes, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an assessment, not specifically as a dataset", + "follows a description of support for KNEC", + "does not indicate a structured collection of data directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'NASMLA' appears to refer to an assessment program rather than a dataset per se. The context indicates that it is a program aimed at conducting and disseminating assessments for educational outcomes, rather than a collection of structured data records. The mention of 'NASMLA' aligns with KNEC's role, suggesting it is a project or initiative rather than a dataset containing raw empirical data. While the model may have interpreted it as a dataset because assessments inherently handle data, 'NASMLA' does not explicitly present itself as a data source but rather as an assessment process that will contribute to data collection. The confusion may arise from it being presented as a proper noun and tied closely to data-related activities without being explicitly identified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NASMLA' is better interpreted as an assessment project rather than an actual dataset because it refers to the process of conducting assessments and disseminating results, rather than representing a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 32, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 27 of 117 dialogue on refugee education issues will also be supported under this component, to support implementation of Kenya \u2019 s existing refugee education commitments. Table 5: A Summary of Key Activities for the IPF Component Description of Area Activity # Key Activity description RA / PAP PEELP budget ( US $ 12 million ) Comments 1. Program management, policy dialogue, communication, monitoring and evaluation, safeguards and fiduciary, and verification. 1. 1 Program operational costs, including whole-of - Government refugee policy coordination PAP US $ 5 million39 Annual work plans are required of all implementing agencies and will be consolidated by PCU and approved by the NSC and the World Bank. Procurement: workshops and consultants. 1. 2 SIP / school grant SIP manual40; development of a disaster mitigation plan for schools affected by floods and drought; and additional capacity building measures on the SIPs, including incorporation actions from the disaster mitigation plan in the SIPs-including for camp - based refugee schools. RA 1 1. 3 Data management, including categorization of special needs learners by nature of disability and gender, and registration of refugee learners, including learners in host communities, in NEMIS. MoE develops guidelines for inclusion of refugee children in NEMIS and other education services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1325, + 1330, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 198, + 203, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1167, + 1242, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1264, + 1280, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1332, + 1335, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 1373, + 1389, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "RA 1 1. 3 Data management, including categorization of special needs learners by nature of disability and gender, and registration of refugee learners, including learners in host communities, in NEMIS. MoE develops guidelines for inclusion of refugee children in NEMIS and other education services.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data related to education management, including registration of learners and categorization of special needs learners.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing data", + "described in relation to guidelines and education services", + "functions as a management information system, not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, NEMIS is discussed in terms of data management for categorizing and registering learners within educational frameworks. It is referred to, not as a source of data per se, but as a system that facilitates the management of this data. This indicates that it serves as an infrastructure for educational data collection rather than being a standalone dataset. The mention of guidelines for inclusion further emphasizes its role as a managerial framework, not as a defined dataset. The model may have misinterpreted this reference as a dataset due to its proper noun status and its relevance in data handling; however, the context suggests it functions more as an overarching management information system than a specific collection of data. While it contributes to education-related data practices, it does not embody a dataset of records or statistics. Therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is a management information system used for data management in education rather than a specific dataset, as it is described in context as a system supporting categorization and registration of learners." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 32, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 27 of 117 dialogue on refugee education issues will also be supported under this component, to support implementation of Kenya \u2019 s existing refugee education commitments. Table 5: A Summary of Key Activities for the IPF Component Description of Area Activity # Key Activity description RA / PAP PEELP budget ( US $ 12 million ) Comments 1. Program management, policy dialogue, communication, monitoring and evaluation, safeguards and fiduciary, and verification. 1. 1 Program operational costs, including whole-of - Government refugee policy coordination PAP US $ 5 million39 Annual work plans are required of all implementing agencies and will be consolidated by PCU and approved by the NSC and the World Bank. Procurement: workshops and consultants. 1. 2 SIP / school grant SIP manual40; development of a disaster mitigation plan for schools affected by floods and drought; and additional capacity building measures on the SIPs, including incorporation actions from the disaster mitigation plan in the SIPs-including for camp - based refugee schools. RA 1 1. 3 Data management, including categorization of special needs learners by nature of disability and gender, and registration of refugee learners, including learners in host communities, in NEMIS. MoE develops guidelines for inclusion of refugee children in NEMIS and other education services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1393, + 1398, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 198, + 203, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1100, + 1128, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1167, + 1242, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1264, + 1280, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1332, + 1335, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 1373, + 1389, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 Data management, including categorization of special needs learners by nature of disability and gender, and registration of refugee learners, including learners in host communities, in NEMIS. MoE develops guidelines for inclusion of refugee children in NEMIS and other education services.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data related to education management, including registration of learners and categorization of special needs learners.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system for data management", + "described in the context of guidelines for inclusion of refugee children", + "not specifically identified as containing structured records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is presented primarily as a system for managing data related to special needs and refugee learners, rather than as a direct dataset. The phrase 'data management' suggests that NEMIS operates as a platform or tool that deals with data, rather than being just a collection of data itself. Although 'NEMIS' might imply it contains datasets, there's no explicit indication that the term refers to a standalone entity providing raw data suitable for analysis. This can confuse models, especially when they misinterpret project names or systems as datasets when they are described in terms of their function or use cases instead of their data characteristics. Therefore, I conclude that NEMIS in this context behaves more like an information system than an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as an information system focused on data management rather than a concrete dataset. It serves an administrative function rather than being an independent source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 34, + "text": "Improved HCI for higher productivity, equity and growth in Kenya Results Area 2: Improve Girls \u2019 Participation in Schooling, Including in Refugee Hosting Counties \u2022 High drop out of girls in upper primary \u2022 Gender disparities in transition to secondary school for poor and vulnerable populations \u2022 Provide scholarships, school kits, and mentorship support services for poor and vulnerable girls. \u2022 Strengthen supply chain for sanitary towels for girls to enhance dignity and ensure uninterrupted school attendance. \u2022 Implement gender specific actions in SIPs to track girls at risk of dropping out and to facilitate the reentry of out-of - school girls due to pregnancy. \u2022 ELIMU scholarship program expanded to benefit poor and vulnerable populations. \u2022 School level support mechanisms established for girls to complete primary education. Results Area 3: Strengthen Reform Implementation Capacity \u2022 Gaps in fidelity of implementation of initiated reforms ( CBC, CBA, pre-service teacher training, and teacher management ). \u2022 Low utilization of NEMIS data for planning and decision making in primary education. \u2022 Gaps in the quality of pre-service teacher training in the implementation of CBC \u2022 Low quality pre-school services are negatively impacting foundational learning. \u2022 Insufficient infrastructure in target counties \u2022 Strengthen reform implementation capacity for rollout of the CBC and CBA, notably: i. completion of CBC designs for all basic education grades ii. development of formative assessment for the CBC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1044, + 1049, + "named" + ], + [ + 59, + 64, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results Area 3: Strengthen Reform Implementation Capacity \u2022 Gaps in fidelity of implementation of initiated reforms ( CBC, CBA, pre-service teacher training, and teacher management ). \u2022 Low utilization of NEMIS data for planning and decision making in primary education. \u2022 Gaps in the quality of pre-service teacher training in the implementation of CBC \u2022 Low quality pre-school services are negatively impacting foundational learning.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database used for planning and decision making in primary education, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018utilization of NEMIS data\u2019", + "described as a source of data rather than a dataset itself", + "mentioned specifically in the context of planning and decision making" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is established as a source of data that is utilized for planning and decision making in primary education. The phrasing suggests it is a system or management information system that provides data rather than a standalone dataset. The context implies that the analysis refers to data derived from this system, rather than treating NEMIS itself as the dataset. Additionally, the mention of 'utilization' indicates that NEMIS is a tool or platform where data is stored or managed rather than a dataset that contains concrete records in a traditional sense. The confusion could arise from the terms used, as 'NEMIS' is capitalized and implies an official system; however, the lack of explicit reference to it as a dataset places it more as an infrastructure component.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is treated as a management information system that houses data for planning rather than a distinct dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 34, + "text": "; iii. development of curriculum support materials for learners with special needs and indigenous languages ( VMGF ); iv. development of formative assessment materials for the new Competency Based Teacher Education ( CBTE ) curriculum; v. training of teachers in CBA; vi. utilization of NEMIS data for mapping out school needs and the development budget allocations for rollout of the CBC; vii. implementation of the needs - based school infrastructure investment plan to complement roll out of the CBC; and viii. establishment of standards and tools for quality assurance for preschool for alignment with the CBC and CBA \u2022 Curriculum design, instructional and CBA materials, human resources ( teachers ready to implement CBC ), and infrastructure ( new classrooms ) are in place for rolling out the CBC and CBA in basic education Improved learning outcomes in higher order competencies in early grades in literacy and numeracy in target Counties. Improved retention of girls in upper primary. The CBC and CBA assessments are successfully rolled out in basic education.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 287, + 292, + "named" + ], + [ + 938, + 946, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "training of teachers in CBA; vi. utilization of NEMIS data for mapping out school needs and the development budget allocations for rollout of the CBC; vii. implementation of the needs - based school infrastructure investment plan to complement roll out of the CBC; and viii.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system that collects and organizes educational data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of mapping out school needs", + "utilization of NEMIS data suggests it is an information system rather than direct data", + "does not explicitly state it is a dataset but rather implies use of data stored in NEMIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'NEMIS' appears to represent a system designed for managing and processing educational data rather than a standalone dataset. The context indicates that it provides data for the development of budget allocations and infrastructure plans. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' points towards NEMIS being a source of structured data, yet this does not inherently classify it as a dataset itself; rather, it is part of a larger system aimed at organizing data. Furthermore, the presence of the phrase suggests that NEMIS functions as a platform or management information system (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset. The potential confusion for a model could arise from the capitalization and the context it appears in, leading it to misinterpret NEMIS as a dataset when it is actually organizing data from various sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a management information system that provides data rather than being a specific dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 41, + "text": "The Operation will build on the existing M & E structures at MoE and strengthen these under the IPF component. MoE \u2019 s Central Planning and Project Management Unit ( CPPMU ), headed by the Chief Economists ( from Basic Education, TVET, University and Post Training and Skills Development ), are responsible for overall coordination and monitoring of NESSP implementation. The CPPMU works closely with the Kenya Bureau of Statistics ( KNBS ). The CPPMU, in collaboration with the KNBS team, develops and publishes educational statistical booklets. The MoE \u2019 s DPCAD oversees day-to day implementation of key donor funded projects, including the ongoing education projects. 65. The Operation results monitoring will build on the existing databases used by the CPPMU that comprise the online - based NEMIS platform. The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security. The NEMIS contains up-to-date key education data, including for primary education, and has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets. KNEC hosts the platform for data on learning assessments, including the school specific learning assessments reports. The Directorate of Quality Assurance and Standards, and the Directorate of School Audit at MoE conduct regular visits to schools and submit their data and reports to MoE management and relevant IEs for action.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 797, + 811, + "named" + ], + [ + 61, + 64, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 114, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 513, + 545, + "NEMIS platform <> data type" + ], + [ + 551, + 554, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 834, + 837, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 967, + 984, + "NEMIS platform <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1133, + 1177, + "NEMIS platform <> data description" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1273, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1345, + 1348, + "NEMIS platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1404, + 1422, + "NEMIS platform <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "65. The Operation results monitoring will build on the existing databases used by the CPPMU that comprise the online - based NEMIS platform. The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NEMIS platform is described as an online-based database that contains key education data, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform, not explicitly as a dataset", + "mentioned in relation to functionality (data credibility and security)", + "enumerated alongside other databases but not clearly distinguished as a data source used in analysis", + "context emphasizes it as a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'NEMIS platform' is primarily described as a management tool that hosts data rather than as a dataset itself. The text highlights its role in ensuring data credibility and security, which suggests that it is functioning more as an information system or infrastructure that supports data handling, rather than a concrete source of data for analysis. The mention of 'existing databases used by the CPPMU' implies that the NEMIS platform is part of a broader ecosystem of data management, further indicating that it serves to support data rather than act as a standalone dataset. This could lead models to misinterpret it as a dataset due to the language surrounding data use, but the contextual cues distinctly categorize it as a platform/system. These factors make it clear that while 'NEMIS platform' contains data, it is not being referenced directly as a dataset in this particular instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NEMIS platform' is not treated as a dataset here; it is characterized as a management information system that facilitates data handling rather than a specific dataset utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 41, + "text": "The Operation will build on the existing M & E structures at MoE and strengthen these under the IPF component. MoE \u2019 s Central Planning and Project Management Unit ( CPPMU ), headed by the Chief Economists ( from Basic Education, TVET, University and Post Training and Skills Development ), are responsible for overall coordination and monitoring of NESSP implementation. The CPPMU works closely with the Kenya Bureau of Statistics ( KNBS ). The CPPMU, in collaboration with the KNBS team, develops and publishes educational statistical booklets. The MoE \u2019 s DPCAD oversees day-to day implementation of key donor funded projects, including the ongoing education projects. 65. The Operation results monitoring will build on the existing databases used by the CPPMU that comprise the online - based NEMIS platform. The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security. The NEMIS contains up-to-date key education data, including for primary education, and has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets. KNEC hosts the platform for data on learning assessments, including the school specific learning assessments reports. The Directorate of Quality Assurance and Standards, and the Directorate of School Audit at MoE conduct regular visits to schools and submit their data and reports to MoE management and relevant IEs for action.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 817, + 822, + "named" + ], + [ + 61, + 64, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 114, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 119, + 163, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 513, + 545, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 551, + 554, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 834, + 837, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 967, + 984, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1133, + 1177, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1273, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1345, + 1348, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Operation results monitoring will build on the existing databases used by the CPPMU that comprise the online - based NEMIS platform. The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security. The NEMIS contains up-to-date key education data, including for primary education, and has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is an online-based platform that contains up-to-date key education data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the NEMIS platform", + "contains up-to-date key education data", + "has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets", + "in the context of existing databases used by CPPMU" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, NEMIS appears to be an online-based platform specifically designed to manage key education data. The mention that it hosts important educational records indicative of a structured collection aligns it more closely with the definition of a dataset. Despite being a platform, its function is to store and provide access to data, especially since it generates statistical outputs like educational booklets. The phrase 'contains up-to-date key education data' supports the idea that it serves as a primary data source. It could be easily confused as simply a platform because it can store and manage data, but the emphasis on its contents and its role in monitoring educational statistics leads to the conclusion that it behaves like a dataset in this context. The initial judgment could have conflicted with the understanding that NEMIS serves a functional purpose similar to a database, but ultimately, it is the data contained that emphasizes its relevance as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is treated as a dataset because it is an online platform specifically designed for storing and managing key education data, which is essential for the analysis and reporting, aligning it with the characteristics of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 41, + "text": "The Operation will build on the existing M & E structures at MoE and strengthen these under the IPF component. MoE \u2019 s Central Planning and Project Management Unit ( CPPMU ), headed by the Chief Economists ( from Basic Education, TVET, University and Post Training and Skills Development ), are responsible for overall coordination and monitoring of NESSP implementation. The CPPMU works closely with the Kenya Bureau of Statistics ( KNBS ). The CPPMU, in collaboration with the KNBS team, develops and publishes educational statistical booklets. The MoE \u2019 s DPCAD oversees day-to day implementation of key donor funded projects, including the ongoing education projects. 65. The Operation results monitoring will build on the existing databases used by the CPPMU that comprise the online - based NEMIS platform. The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security. The NEMIS contains up-to-date key education data, including for primary education, and has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets. KNEC hosts the platform for data on learning assessments, including the school specific learning assessments reports. The Directorate of Quality Assurance and Standards, and the Directorate of School Audit at MoE conduct regular visits to schools and submit their data and reports to MoE management and relevant IEs for action.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 907, + 912, + "named" + ], + [ + 61, + 64, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 111, + 114, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 119, + 163, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 513, + 545, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 551, + 554, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 834, + 837, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 967, + 984, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1133, + 1177, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1273, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1345, + 1348, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The NEMIS, hosted by MoE, is being revamped to ensure data credibility and data security. The NEMIS contains up-to-date key education data, including for primary education, and has been used to generate the annual educational statistical booklets. KNEC hosts the platform for data on learning assessments, including the school specific learning assessments reports.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is an online-based platform that contains up-to-date key education data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "hosted by MoE", + "used to generate educational statistical booklets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is clearly identified as a management information system ('hosted by MoE') rather than an independent dataset. While it does mention that NEMIS contains key education data, to label it as a dataset would imply that it is a stand-alone collection of structured data specifically analyzed. Instead, it functions as a system storing and managing data which is then used for generating reports. The model may have mistaken this for a dataset mention due to phrases like 'contains up-to-date key education data' and its association with data outputs like 'educational statistical booklets.' These phrases highlight its role in data management and reporting rather than as a primary dataset itself. The confusion likely arises from the explicit mention of data presence without clarifying that it\u2019s the system facilitating this management, and not an actual group of records,", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is a management information system that organizes data rather than being a dataset in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 41, + "text": "The ongoing revamping of NEMIS will enable the platform to also capture data from these Directorates. MoE will be responsible for monitoring overall results for the Operation, including the IPF Component and commitments in the PAP. 66. The existing National PCU at MoE will be directly responsible for tracking all the Program results through program participating entities. The PCU will obtain information on various indicators and DLIs from the PCTs at the IEs. MoE \u2019 s CPPMU are responsible for overall coordination and monitoring of the NESSP and therefore are expected to cross check data collected by the PCU. The IPF Component includes resources to support better data management. 67. In addition to monitoring by the PCU, results framework indicators which are also DLIs will be subject to third party verification by an independent verifier. As part of program review, at least two joint implementation support missions will be carried out each year to track progress on program implementation, achievement of the PDO indicators and progress on agreed DLIs. Also, there will be a midterm review of the Program to inform any areas needing adjustments.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 25, + 30, + "named" + ], + [ + 102, + 105, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The ongoing revamping of NEMIS will enable the platform to also capture data from these Directorates. MoE will be responsible for monitoring overall results for the Operation, including the IPF Component and commitments in the PAP.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is described as a platform that captures data, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform that captures data", + "mentioned in relation to monitoring results", + "not used as a direct data source", + "implies an infrastructure rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is positioned as a platform that captures data, which suggests that it is an infrastructure rather than a concrete dataset. The phrasing indicates that NEMIS is responsible for data management and monitoring operations, indicating it functions more as a project or management information system than as an individual dataset that could be analyzed directly. The model may have been confused because it appears in a context that discusses data use and monitoring, leading it to identify NEMIS as a dataset. However, there is no indication that the data from NEMIS is presented as a standalone dataset; rather, it functions as a tool that collects and organizes data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is a platform for capturing and monitoring data rather than a distinct dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 44, + "text": "An Environmental and Social Systems Assessment ( ESSA ) was conducted to review the adequacy and capacity of the environmental and social ( E & S ) systems at both national and county levels and recommend material measures to avoid, minimize and mitigate adverse E & S effects associated with PEELP. The assessment also identified measures required to strengthen the performance of the existing E & S system as well as buttress the capacity of the MoE to implement these measures. The essential finding of the assessment is that there are adequate Environmental and Social Management Systems ( ESMSs ) in Kenya to address environmental, health and safety, as well as social effects related to Program activities. The systems are primarily consistent with the six core principles of the World Bank \u2019 s guidance on Program-for-Results financing Environmental and Social Systems Assessment ( to effectively manage program risks and promote sustainable development. 80. The assessment however, identified gaps that need to be addressed for more effective management of E & S effects. These include: ( i ) Sporadic compliance with E & S provisions ( application of ESMS as provided by EMCA, 1999, OSH Act, 2007 for school infrastructure activities ) due to limited awareness, resourcing, and 55 UNHCR & World Bank, ( 2021 ), Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya: Volume C: Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1413, + 1447, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The assessment however, identified gaps that need to be addressed for more effective management of E & S effects. These include: ( i ) Sporadic compliance with E & S provisions ( application of ESMS as provided by EMCA, 1999, OSH Act, 2007 for school infrastructure activities ) due to limited awareness, resourcing, and 55 UNHCR & World Bank, ( 2021 ), Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya: Volume C: Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey focused on the socioeconomic conditions of refugees in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Understanding the Socio-economic Conditions of Refugees in Kenya'", + "described as results from a survey", + "refers to a specific time frame that suggests structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term '2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' is used in a context that associates it closely with structured data collection from a survey, particularly regarding socioeconomic conditions of refugees in Kenya. The phrase 'Results from the 2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' suggests that specific data has been gathered and analyzed. This indicates that it's more than just a project name or methodology; it denotes a concrete dataset due to its implication of having structured records. The context does not imply it functions as a system or tool, merely pointing to the results of data collection. However, confusion may arise if the text did not clearly link it to results or structured analysis, as one might confuse survey-based descriptions as broader project names or systems rather than treating them as datasets. In this instance, the specific result implication strengthens its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term '2020-21 Urban Socioeconomic Survey' functions as a dataset in this context because it refers to structured data gathered through a survey that resulted in specific insights about socioeconomic conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 53 of 117 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 refugee / host communities ( Number ) Strengthen Capacity for Implementing Initiated Reforms Capacity building of target Teacher Training Colleges for implementation of competency-based teacher education curriculum. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Establishment of standards and tools for quality assurance mechanisms for Pre-primary education, including teacher appraisal tools, assessment and classroom observation tools. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes New classrooms constructed in existing schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 500. 00 8, 000. 00 New classrooms constructed in refugee host communities existing schools as per the needs - based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 50. 00 50. 00 New classrooms constructed in existing non - refugee / host communities primary schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 000. 00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1137, + 1142, + "named" + ], + [ + 1215, + 1231, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1302, + 1318, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education data, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "followed by mentions of registration and management", + "mentioned in a broader context of education management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is referred to as a data management system for education, which indicates that it functions more as a tool or infrastructure for managing data rather than being a standalone dataset. The language used ('utilization of NEMIS data' and 'registered in NEMIS') implies that NEMIS stores and processes data rather than existing as a discrete collection of data itself. The confusion could arise because NEMIS is capitalized, which often signifies a proper noun, and the phrases used suggest it holds data records. However, since it is framed within a broader context of management and structure, it leans towards being an infrastructure rather than a dataset. This distinction\u2014where a system's role is not just to store data but also to manage workflow\u2014highlights the need for careful analysis of context for determining when a term refers to a dataset versus a system/project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "While 'NEMIS' does relate to data, it functions as a management information system that handles educational data management rather than constituting a dataset itself in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 53 of 117 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 refugee / host communities ( Number ) Strengthen Capacity for Implementing Initiated Reforms Capacity building of target Teacher Training Colleges for implementation of competency-based teacher education curriculum. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Establishment of standards and tools for quality assurance mechanisms for Pre-primary education, including teacher appraisal tools, assessment and classroom observation tools. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes New classrooms constructed in existing schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 500. 00 8, 000. 00 New classrooms constructed in refugee host communities existing schools as per the needs - based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 50. 00 50. 00 New classrooms constructed in existing non - refugee / host communities primary schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 000. 00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1250, + 1255, + "named" + ], + [ + 1215, + 1231, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1302, + 1318, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database used for managing and tracking education data, including the registration of learners.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "evidence of utilization mentioned, but not treated as a standalone dataset", + "system but mentioned in relation to data utilization" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is presented alongside phrases that suggest it is a management information system (MIS) rather than a concrete dataset. The terms used, such as 'evidence of utilization of NEMIS data' and mentions of guidelines for registration, imply that NEMIS serves as a platform for managing information. This supports the idea that while NEMIS contains data, it is functioning more as an infrastructure for managing education data rather than acting as a defined dataset in its own right. The model might have been confused by the usage of 'data' in relation to NEMIS, but without indications that it is providing uniform, structured sets of records, it maintains its role as a system. The term is capitalized, which often signals a proper noun, leading to the misclassification as a dataset. The model's confusion arises from the association of NEMIS with data, while the context steers us towards viewing NEMIS as a tool or framework rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a standalone dataset in this context, as it functions primarily as a management information system that organizes and tracks education data, thus serving as infrastructure rather than a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 53 of 117 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 refugee / host communities ( Number ) Strengthen Capacity for Implementing Initiated Reforms Capacity building of target Teacher Training Colleges for implementation of competency-based teacher education curriculum. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Establishment of standards and tools for quality assurance mechanisms for Pre-primary education, including teacher appraisal tools, assessment and classroom observation tools. ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes New classrooms constructed in existing schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 500. 00 8, 000. 00 New classrooms constructed in refugee host communities existing schools as per the needs - based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 50. 00 50. 00 New classrooms constructed in existing non - refugee / host communities primary schools as per the needs-based school infrastructure investment plan ( Number ) 0. 00 6, 000. 00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1322, + 1327, + "named" + ], + [ + 1215, + 1231, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1302, + 1318, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 7, 950. 00 Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS ( Yes / No ) No Yes Yes Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database used for managing and analyzing data related to primary education, including the registration of learners.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing data for primary education", + "referred to in relation to evidence of utilization", + "mentions registration of learners" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' seems to function as a data source due to the phrases surrounding it. The reference to 'evidence of utilization of NEMIS data' indicates that it is being treated as a source of data rather than just a system or project. Additionally, the mention of 'registration of learners' suggests that it holds structured records pertinent to an analysis in education management, making it reasonable to classify it as a dataset. However, the abbreviation 'NEMIS' might still evoke confusion because it could refer to a management information system (MIS) or a project; this ambiguity arises from its proper noun status which lends it a formal appearance typical of dataset names. Nevertheless, the emphasis on data utilization implies that it is actively employed as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly linked to data usage and structured records related to primary education, despite its potential dual identity as a system." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 65, + "text": "However, this indicator will focus on tracking the percentage Annual MoE, KNBS MoE-Annual educational Statistical booklets and KNBS surveys MoE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 127, + 139, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 72, + "KNBS surveys <> data description" + ], + [ + 74, + 78, + "KNBS surveys <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, this indicator will focus on tracking the percentage Annual MoE, KNBS MoE-Annual educational Statistical booklets and KNBS surveys MoE", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KNBS surveys refer to structured collections of data collected through surveys conducted by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "followed by 'focus on tracking'", + "described as an educational statistic related to MoE", + "implies structured collections of data from surveys" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In context, 'KNBS surveys' is mentioned alongside other sources such as statistical booklets, indicating it is part of a broader effort to track educational indicators. The term suggests it refers to data collected through surveys administered by the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, which typically means it is a structured collection of data. The fact that it is specifically mentioned in relation to tracking measurable outcomes reinforces the idea that this refers to a dataset. A model might be confused here if it interprets 'KNBS surveys' as merely a project or system if the focus is placed more on the organization (KNBS) rather than the data collection process (surveys). However, given the context and usage here, it behaves as a real dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'KNBS surveys' is treated as a dataset because it references structured data collected from surveys, which is specifically employed to track educational metrics." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 137, + 142, + "named" + ], + [ + 578, + 581, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 942, + 945, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'utilization of NEMIS data for better management'", + "described as containing structured records for registration and resource allocation", + "mentioned alongside usage for specific educational management purposes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is described in ways that suggest it is used for specific data management tasks in education, including registering students and allocating grants based on the data present in the system. The frequent references to the actual utilization of 'NEMIS data' in various scenarios indicate that it is not merely a tool or project but functions as a primary source of structured records, relevant for the analysis being described. However, the text does also describe NEMIS as a platform and an online system, which could lead to confusion in distinguishing it as strictly a dataset versus a management information system. Given that it is actively used as a data source in the management of primary education within the context, I would classify it as a dataset here. The model might have confused NEMIS as a simple system or project but here, it's treated as a leading source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as a dataset in this context due to its explicit use as a source of management information in primary education, with clear indicators of structured data utilization." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 218, + 223, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured online platform that collects and manages data related to primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'utilization of NEMIS data'", + "described as an online platform that collects and manages data", + "mentioned as a source of specific data related to primary education" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is referred to as a structured online platform that collects and manages education-related data, which is strongly indicative of a dataset. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' implies that NEMIS serves as the source for the data used in various educational management activities. Moreover, the mention of specific activities such as registration of refugee children and allocation of grants based on this data also reinforces the notion that NEMIS is not just a tool, but a source of structured data. Although it can initially be interpreted as a project or system, the repeated references to how the data from NEMIS is applied in real scenarios lead to the conclusion that it indeed behaves like a dataset in this context. The model likely misclassified it initially because it recognized 'NEMIS' as capitalized and structurally significant, but the explicit language around utilization clarifies its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this passage, NEMIS is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly described as a source of data utilized for decision-making and management in primary education, despite being a platform or system." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 280, + 285, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management", + "data in the NEMIS online platform", + "registration of refugee children in NEMIS", + "described as a source for primary school categorization data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS appears to function as a primary source of structured records connected to the management and allocation of resources in primary education. The document details various ways in which the NEMIS data has been utilized, such as for the registration of children and allocation of grants based on specific data points. The presence of phrases like 'utilization of NEMIS data' strongly supports the idea that NEMIS is a dataset, as it is not merely mentioned as an information system or project; it is actively highlighted as a source of concrete data that informs management decisions. The repeated references to how NEMIS data is applied in decision-making processes further cements this understanding. A model might have initially perceived NEMIS as a system due to its name structure and the context in which it is mentioned, but the evidence provided clearly indicates its role as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly functions as the source of identifiable data used for various management tasks in education." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 406, + 411, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education-related data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data management system", + "mentioned multiple times without specific data details", + "details focus on system's utility rather than direct data extraction" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is mentioned as a data management system rather than a concrete dataset. Phrases like 'utilization of NEMIS data' imply that NEMIS serves as a platform or system that stores and manages data rather than being a dataset itself. The text describes activities and outputs associated with NEMIS, focusing on its role in managing records rather than providing direct access to raw datasets. The confusion likely arises because the term is capitalized, making it appear like a proper entity, and it\u2019s accompanied by specific indicators of data usage. However, it\u2019s clear that the focus is on the management aspect rather than any single dataset being referenced. Overall, the distinction lies in the way NEMIS functions as a broader infrastructure or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it functions primarily as a data management system used for education, focusing on registration and reporting processes rather than representing a specific data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 696, + 701, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 942, + 945, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "discussed as a data source for primary education management", + "evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for various operational purposes", + "mentions structured reporting from MoE based on NEMIS", + "described as a platform that stores and manages records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' refers to a system that appears to operate as a database for managing primary education-related data, including the registration of students and allocation of resources. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' indicates that this system houses structured records that are actively used for decision-making in education management. Additionally, the examples provided\u2014like registration and disbursement of grants\u2014show that the system is integral in handling and processing educational data. However, because NEMIS is referred to multiple times as an online platform and its mention is paired with data utilization, it can also create some ambiguity about whether it should strictly be seen as a dataset or just a system that houses datasets. The model likely identified it as a dataset because it appears to be a direct source of identifiable records that contribute to operational outcomes. Thus, in this context, it is reasonable to treat 'NEMIS' as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'NEMIS' is treated as a dataset because it functions as a structured collection of data used for managing educational activities, evidenced by its described utilization in operational applications." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 744, + 749, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education-related data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an online platform", + "mentioned as a system for registration and management", + "mentioned in conjunction with project reports but not as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific instance, 'NEMIS' appears to be treated mainly as a management information system (MIS) or an online platform rather than a standalone dataset. It provides infrastructure for data operations related to primary education, such as registration of refugee children and allocation of funds based on that data. While it holds structured records, the context primarily describes its operational use rather than presenting NEMIS as the data itself. This distinction is made clearer by phrases identifying it as a source for generating technical reports and usage indications. A model could be confused by the name 'NEMIS' being capitalized and by its repeated association with data-related activities, leading to a mistaken interpretation of it as a dataset without sufficient clarification on its role as a system. Overall, it seems to function mainly as a container for various data points rather than representing a distinct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context but as a management information system for educational data, making it more of an infrastructure or tool rather than the data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 812, + 817, + "named" + ], + [ + 578, + 581, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as an online platform storing data", + "enumerated alongside evidence of data utilization" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'NEMIS' appears to be treated as a source of data utilized for the management of primary education, indicated by phrases such as 'utilization of NEMIS data' and 'disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform'. The context suggests that NEMIS serves as a structured data source supporting various functions like registration and grant allocation. While NEMIS could be interpreted as a system or platform, the specific references to 'data from NEMIS' support the conclusion that it functions as a dataset in this context. Potential confusion may arise because 'NEMIS' is a named entity that could refer to a project or management system, yet it is clearly described in a way that emphasizes its role in storing and providing accessible data for reports and decision-making. Thus, the initial designation as a dataset is appropriate given the context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as a dataset here because it is described as containing and providing data for key educational management purposes, alongside specific examples of data utilization." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 884, + 889, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 942, + 945, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education-related data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education'", + "enumerated alongside clear uses of data from NEMIS", + "described as a platform that stores educational data", + "referred to multiple times in the context of data handling and reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'NEMIS' is used to refer not only to the platform but also to the data that it manages, as indicated by the context that discusses the utilization and application of 'NEMIS data' for various educational management tasks. The text outlines specific uses (like registration of students, allocation of funds) that strongly imply that data is being retrieved and utilized from the NEMIS system. Although NEMIS is indeed a system designed for managing educational data, it effectively acts as a dataset in this context due to its role in the management and reporting of structured educational data. The confusion for models might stem from the dual nature of 'NEMIS' being both an information system and a source of data, yet it is clearly treated as a dataset here due to the frequent referencing of its data-use in practical applications.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' behaves as a dataset because it is referenced directly in relation to the data utilized for educational management, and specific applications of said data are discussed, reinforcing its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 925, + 930, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an online platform", + "described as a system for managing primary education", + "utilization of NEMIS data for management", + "not explicitly labeled as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' appears to be primarily referenced as a management information system rather than a dataset. It is described as an online platform used for various educational management functions, such as registration and resource allocation. The references to 'NEMIS data' imply that it provides the data, but they do not clarify that 'NEMIS' itself is a standalone dataset; instead, it operates as a system that manages multiple data types and processes. The model might have been misled due to phrases like 'utilization of NEMIS data' and the structured nature of the data it handles, leading to the assumption that it constitutes a dataset. However, since it serves more as an infrastructure/tool rather than a specific collection of records or statistics, it's better categorized as a system. The lack of explicit designation of 'NEMIS' as a dataset or a concrete data source adds to the confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is treated more as a management information system rather than a distinct dataset. It is a platform used for managing educational data, and while it contains data, it is not a dataset by itself." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 997, + 1002, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 942, + 945, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education-related data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an online platform", + "mentioned repeatedly as a project/system for management", + "utilization mentioned in terms of management and categorization", + "not explicitly stated as a dataset but as a system storing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'NEMIS' is repeatedly referenced as an online platform that is utilized for managing data related to primary education. While it indeed contains structured records and is a source of data, the emphasis in the language is on its role as a management information system (MIS) rather than as a standalone dataset. The text describes how data is utilized for various management tasks, but it does not communicate that 'NEMIS' is a dataset in its own right. The model might have misinterpreted the term as a dataset because of its capitalized nature and the context in which data is derived from it, but the predominant focus is on it being a system, not a discrete dataset. This leads to a crucial differentiation where 'NEMIS' acts as infrastructure that hosts datasets rather than being a single dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'NEMIS' is primarily identified as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset, despite containing data; thus, it does not qualify as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1015, + 1020, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "NEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a data management system used for the registration and management of education-related data, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "NEMIS described as an online platform for registration", + "NEMIS mentioned as a system that generates reports", + "Context emphasizes management and allocation rather than just raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is utilized as a management information system rather than a mere dataset. The text frames NEMIS as an online platform that supports activities such as registration of refugee children and the allocation of grants based on the categorization of schools. This suggests that NEMIS serves more as a structured system for data management and reporting, indicating it facilitates data storage and processing rather than representing the data itself. The mention of 'NEMIS Technical Team Reports' further reinforces the idea that NEMIS is involved in generating reports based on its functionalities, rather than being the direct source of a dataset for analysis. The confusion for the model likely arises because NEMIS is repeatedly referenced in contexts that suggest it contains or generates data, yet it is doing so within the framework of a system or platform instead of a stand-alone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is predominantly a management information system referenced in contexts that emphasize its role in data management and report generation rather than as a dataset. Thus, it should not be classified as a dataset in this specific context." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1041, + 1046, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'utilization of NEMIS data'", + "described as an online platform with data relevant to primary education management", + "mentioned in the context of registrations and allocations based on structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "NEMIS appears to function as a structured collection of relevant data that is explicitly referenced in relation to various management activities in primary education, such as the registration of refugee children and the allocation of grants. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' suggests that this platform serves as a source of data used for analysis and reporting, reinforcing its role akin to a dataset. However, due to its designation as an online platform and its involvement in project-related activities, there is potential for confusion whether NEMIS is simply an information system or a full-blown dataset. The mention of 'data in the NEMIS online platform' suggests it serves as a container for actual datasets rather than being a mere project name or tool. Thus, in this specific context, it operates as a dataset because it is being used as a source for various metrics and indicators in the management of education.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS is treated as a dataset because it provides structured data utilized for educational management, despite being framed as an online platform. It is explicitly referred to in relation to various data-driven activities." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1089, + 1094, + "named" + ], + [ + 578, + 581, + "NEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 942, + 945, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a structured online platform that collects and manages data related to primary education, making it a dataset used for analysis and management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'utilization of NEMIS data'", + "enumerated alongside specific uses in education management", + "described as an online platform that collects and manages education data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, NEMIS is presented as an online platform that is explicitly mentioned in relation to data utilization for primary education management. The text discusses various ways NEMIS data is used, such as for registration, allocation of funds, and categorization of schools. Although it is a system that provides data, the manner in which it is referenced\u2014particularly the usage of 'NEMIS data'\u2014implies that it functions as a source of structured information appropriate for analysis. The model may have been confused because while NEMIS is indeed a platform (possibly hinting at it being more of an infrastructure), it is primarily described in a way that emphasizes its role in providing data for administrative decisions. Therefore, I concluded that it behaves as a dataset mention in this context, as it points to a significant source of structured records relevant to education management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is regarded as a dataset in this context because it is described as a source of data used for decision-making in education management, despite being a platform that stores the data." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 74 of 117 prior to construction. Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1289, + 1294, + "named" + ], + [ + 589, + 608, + "NEMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 777, + 793, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 829, + 832, + "NEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data for better management of primary education Evidence of utilization of NEMIS data through: ( a ) registration of refugee children in NEMIS; ( b ) at least 90 percent of students capitation grants to primary school allocated and disbursed based on data in the NEMIS online platform; ( c ) categorization of primary schools annually based on the levels of meeting ( or not ) minimum essential school inputs; and ( d ) utilization by MoE of the categorization data in the allocation of MoE \u2019 s annual development grants to primary schools. Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Refugee learners are registered in NEMIS as per the MoE guidelines for registration of refugee learners in NEMIS Annual MoE, NEMIS Technical Team MoE, NEMIS Technical Team Reports generated from the NEMIS on line based platform MoE Level of satisfaction of beneficiaries ( Citizen Engagement indicator and part of Grievance Redress Mechanism ) Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS is a structured collection of data used for managing primary education, including registration and allocation of resources.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018utilization of NEMIS data\u2019", + "described as an online platform storing data", + "used as a source for various data-driven decisions", + "enumerated with several structured activities based on NEMIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' appears to be more than just a project name or management information system; rather, it functions as a structured data repository that facilitates management and decision-making in primary education. The phrase 'utilization of NEMIS data' indicates that the platform provides data that can be employed directly for analysis and operational tasks, which implies it operates as a dataset. Furthermore, its involvement in the registration of refugee children and the categorization and distribution of resources suggests that it contains actionable data, rather than merely being a tool. There are systems in educational management that store data but aren't considered as datasets; however, referencing NEMIS throughout the extract indicates it stores vital data that informs administrative actions, reinforcing its role as a dataset. Factors that might confuse models include its nomenclature and the dual potential to be perceived as a system or a program without context indicating its substantial role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS operates as a dataset in this context, as it serves as a structured data source for management activities in primary education, despite being perceived at times as a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 80, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 75 of 117 survey designed and implemented for interventions such as the roll out of the CBC, scholarships provision and implementation of the school grants. Survey results are disseminated. implementing entities and other key stakeholders. Refugee learners, including in camp - based refugee schools and host communities are included in the surveys Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed. Phone based / on-line beneficiary satisfaction survey designed and implemented for interventions such as the roll out of the CBC, scholarships provision and implementation of the school grants. Survey results are disseminated. Annual MOE MoE will conduct the phone / online based satisfaction survey, analyze the findings and disseminate the results to schools, implementing entities and other key stakeholders. MOE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 481, + 490, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "implementing entities and other key stakeholders. Refugee learners, including in camp - based refugee schools and host communities are included in the surveys Number of complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS GRM satisfactorily addressed. Phone based / on-line beneficiary satisfaction survey designed and implemented for interventions such as the roll out of the CBC, scholarships provision and implementation of the school grants.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "NEMIS GRM refers to a grievance redress mechanism program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a grievance redress mechanism", + "not described as a data source", + "described in the context of stakeholder engagement rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'NEMIS GRM' refers to a Grievance Redress Mechanism rather than a traditional dataset. While it may be involved in tracking complaints and grievances and may store some data, the emphasis in the contextual window is on its implementation and usage for stakeholder engagement, not as a structured collection of records. The presence of the terms 'surveys' and 'satisfaction survey' refers more to the methods used by the NEMIS GRM rather than presenting it as a data source itself. The confusion could arise from the model interpreting 'NEMIS GRM' as a formal entity related to data, especially given its capitalized and proper-name appearance. However, it is not explicitly used as the source of any real data analysis here. Instead, it functions more as a system to handle grievances rather than storing data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS GRM functions as a grievance handling system rather than a dataset; it is not explicitly sourced as a structured data collection that supports analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 118, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3. Complete the ongoing process to institutionalize the process and procedures for administration and management of scholarships by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ( JKF ) Integrated in DLI # 4 MoE Year 2 Scholarship administration and management processes and procedures established at JKF. 4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools N / A MoE Year 2 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 176, + 181, + "named" + ], + [ + 251, + 293, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 452, + 474, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 956, + 960, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database that collects and reports data on learners, including those with special needs and disabilities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system that collects and reports data", + "mentioned alongside specific report outputs", + "follows analysis of capabilities related to data on special needs learners" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' appears to function as more than just a system; it is specifically mentioned to collect and report data, particularly on learners with special needs and disabilities. The mention of 'granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender' indicates that NEMIS is a significant source of structured data that can be analyzed for insights. Furthermore, the references to reports generated from NEMIS suggest that it's used to derive specific data points for measurement, reinforcing its role as a data resource. However, it might initially confuse models since it has the attributes of a system or platform. Nevertheless, in this instance, the explicit reference to its capabilities in data collection aligns it more closely with a dataset rather than merely a tool or infrastructure. The capitalized format and mention in the context of a report further support the identification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NEMIS' is recognized as a dataset in this context due to its description as a data collection and reporting system specifically for structured records, supplemented by the context highlighting its output as part of measurable reports." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 118, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3. Complete the ongoing process to institutionalize the process and procedures for administration and management of scholarships by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ( JKF ) Integrated in DLI # 4 MoE Year 2 Scholarship administration and management processes and procedures established at JKF. 4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools N / A MoE Year 2 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 424, + 429, + "named" + ], + [ + 251, + 293, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 452, + 474, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 956, + 960, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database that collects and reports data on learners, including those with special needs and disabilities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as collecting and reporting data", + "mentioned alongside specific data generation reports", + "integrated in reports from multiple reputed organizations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is being evaluated for its role as a source of data related to learners with special needs and disabilities. The phrase 'Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data' suggests that it is more than just a project or system; it specifies NEMIS's capacity to handle data effectively. Additionally, it generates reports that contain granular data, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset. Though NEMIS might be seen as a management information system, its function in this instance is closely tied to providing structured data and is explicitly mentioned as a data source. The context provides multiple cues, such as being integrated into Ministry of Education reports, which reinforces its importance as a concrete data source rather than merely an infrastructural designation. A model may have been confused earlier due to the ambiguity surrounding the terminology (project/system/dataset) but this context strongly indicates the operational role of NEMIS as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as collecting, disaggregating, and reporting data, and it plays a critical role in generating important reports related to learners with disabilities." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 118, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3. Complete the ongoing process to institutionalize the process and procedures for administration and management of scholarships by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ( JKF ) Integrated in DLI # 4 MoE Year 2 Scholarship administration and management processes and procedures established at JKF. 4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools N / A MoE Year 2 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 828, + 835, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GRM MIS refers to a management information system (MIS) tool designed to capture and manage grievances, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that captures data", + "not mentioned as a data source for analysis", + "focus is on integration and interoperability, rather than data provision" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GRM MIS' clearly refers to a management information system designed to handle grievance data within a specified framework. The mention of it being compatible with NEMIS (a different system) further emphasizes its role as a tool for data management rather than a dataset itself. The phrase 'ability to capture refugee data' indicates its functionality rather than the presence of a structured dataset. The model may have confused 'GRM MIS' as a dataset due to its capitalized nature, which often aligns with dataset names. Additionally, it follows the context of data capture, but without explicit use in analysis or as a dataset source, it leans more towards being a system. The terminology typically associated with datasets, such as structured records or direct data references, is absent here, indicating that this mention should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GRM MIS' refers to a management information system focused on data capture rather than a structured dataset used for research or analysis. Therefore, it is not considered a dataset in this instance." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 118, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3. Complete the ongoing process to institutionalize the process and procedures for administration and management of scholarships by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ( JKF ) Integrated in DLI # 4 MoE Year 2 Scholarship administration and management processes and procedures established at JKF. 4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools N / A MoE Year 2 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 859, + 864, + "named" + ], + [ + 251, + 293, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 452, + 474, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 956, + 960, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database that collects and reports data on learners, including those with special needs and disabilities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a module compatible with NEMIS", + "described as a management information system (MIS)", + "focus on interoperability and capturing data rather than analysis of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'NEMIS' is referred to as a module compatible with a management information system (MIS). The mention emphasizes its role in facilitating the capture of data, particularly refugee data, but does not explicitly position it as a standalone dataset. The phrasing indicates that NEMIS serves as an infrastructure or a system that would store or help manage data rather than being a 'dataset' per se. This could lead to confusion since 'NEMIS' might appear to refer to a dataset due to its association with data collection and reporting. However, in this context, it lacks the direct indications that would classify it strictly as a dataset, such as being described as a source of specific data records or outputs for analysis. The model might have extracted it as a dataset due to its capitalized name and its implication of being data-related, but it ultimately describes a system rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context; instead, it is functioning as a management information system module intended to capture and manage data, emphasizing its role as a tool rather than a unique dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 118, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 113 of 117 Action Description DLI Respon sible Timing Completion measurement 2. Review and analyse NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Integrated in DLI # 6 MoE / KI SE / KICD / KNEC / TSC Year 1 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age, and gender. 3. Complete the ongoing process to institutionalize the process and procedures for administration and management of scholarships by Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ( JKF ) Integrated in DLI # 4 MoE Year 2 Scholarship administration and management processes and procedures established at JKF. 4. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies and able to capture refugee data. N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools N / A MoE Year 2 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1006, + 1011, + "named" + ], + [ + 251, + 293, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 452, + 474, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 956, + 960, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "N / A. MoE By Year 2, 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of grievances satisfactorily addressed 5.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a database that collects and reports data on learners, including those with special needs and disabilities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system storing records", + "described with no clear use of data", + "implies a project or management tool" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is likely referring to a system or platform rather than a standalone dataset. The text suggests that it collects and reports data, but it stops short of indicating that 'NEMIS' is being used directly as a data source in the analysis. It mentions complaints and grievances in relation to 'NEMIS', but primarily in a narrative context rather than an analytical one. The absence of phrases such as 'uses data from NEMIS' indicates that it is not being treated as a dataset in the typical sense. A model may have mistaken 'NEMIS' for a dataset due to its capitalized format and the context of data collection, but ultimately it behaves more as a system that organizes and manages data rather than being a dataset itself. Thus, 'NEMIS' lacks the explicit relationship to data analysis that would qualify it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NEMIS' is treated as a system or platform rather than a dataset in this context because it is described as collecting data without directly being cited as a source used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 119, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 114 of 117. ANNEX 6. PROGRAM ACTION PLAN Action Description Source DLI # Responsibility Timing Completion Measurement Undertake data analysis in the NEMIS platform and publish annual educational statistical booklet. Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Annual educational statistical booklet published for core education data, including refugee children and learner with special needs. Conduct policy dialogue for inclusion / mainstrea ming of refugees in the NEMIS. Technical MoE Other Continuous Data for refugee children included in the NEMIS Training: implementation of the consolidated three year capacity building plan for staff development at MoE and the Program \u2019 s implementing entities ( IEs ). Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Targets in the plan implemented Technical expertise to be engaged in the areas of CBC and formative assessments Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly two international Partner institutions procured to provide technical support to KICD and KNEC in the implementation and monitoring of the roll out of CBC and assessments. Utilization of the online based item portal for competency based assessment Technical KNEC Recurrent Continuous Teachers post assessment items in the portal and also use the assessment items in the portal. Timely release of funds Exchequer to the Implementing Entities Fiduciary Systems NT, MoE and TSC Recurrent Yearly Timely release of funds to the Implementing Entities ( IEs ) PPRA to undertake compliance assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 226, + 231, + "named" + ], + [ + 253, + 291, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 408, + 424, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 429, + 455, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ANNEX 6. PROGRAM ACTION PLAN Action Description Source DLI # Responsibility Timing Completion Measurement Undertake data analysis in the NEMIS platform and publish annual educational statistical booklet. Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Annual educational statistical booklet published for core education data, including refugee children and learner with special needs.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a platform that collects and manages educational data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a platform, not as a data source", + "follows \u2018undertake data analysis in the NEMIS platform\u2019", + "described as a platform for analysis rather than a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' refers to a platform rather than a specific dataset. While the text suggests that data analysis will be conducted within this platform, it does not explicitly define NEMIS as a dataset itself. The use of 'platform' indicates that it serves as an infrastructure or tool that likely stores data rather than containing a dataset as an independent entity. The model might have confused 'NEMIS' as a dataset due to its positioning in the sentence after the phrase 'undertake data analysis,' which typically leads to assumptions of data sources. Additionally, the capitalization could imply that it is a defined term or relevant project; however, the presence of the word 'platform' clarifies its role as infrastructure. Overall, 'NEMIS' here is better understood as a means for accessing data rather than being a dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context, but as a platform that enables data analysis, indicating its role as a tool rather than a specific collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 119, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 114 of 117. ANNEX 6. PROGRAM ACTION PLAN Action Description Source DLI # Responsibility Timing Completion Measurement Undertake data analysis in the NEMIS platform and publish annual educational statistical booklet. Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Annual educational statistical booklet published for core education data, including refugee children and learner with special needs. Conduct policy dialogue for inclusion / mainstrea ming of refugees in the NEMIS. Technical MoE Other Continuous Data for refugee children included in the NEMIS Training: implementation of the consolidated three year capacity building plan for staff development at MoE and the Program \u2019 s implementing entities ( IEs ). Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Targets in the plan implemented Technical expertise to be engaged in the areas of CBC and formative assessments Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly two international Partner institutions procured to provide technical support to KICD and KNEC in the implementation and monitoring of the roll out of CBC and assessments. Utilization of the online based item portal for competency based assessment Technical KNEC Recurrent Continuous Teachers post assessment items in the portal and also use the assessment items in the portal. Timely release of funds Exchequer to the Implementing Entities Fiduciary Systems NT, MoE and TSC Recurrent Yearly Timely release of funds to the Implementing Entities ( IEs ) PPRA to undertake compliance assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 531, + 536, + "named" + ], + [ + 253, + 291, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 408, + 424, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Annual educational statistical booklet published for core education data, including refugee children and learner with special needs. Conduct policy dialogue for inclusion / mainstrea ming of refugees in the NEMIS. Technical MoE Other Continuous Data for refugee children included in the NEMIS Training: implementation of the consolidated three year capacity building plan for staff development at MoE and the Program \u2019 s implementing entities ( IEs ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a platform that collects and manages educational data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program", + "described as a platform for managing educational data", + "uses data for policy dialogue" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NEMIS appears to function as a platform for managing data rather than an individual dataset. The previous judgment considered NEMIS as a dataset because it refers to a structured collection of educational data, but the surrounding context suggests it's involved in a broader capacity-building program and policy dialogue. Additionally, phrases like 'includes refugee children' indicate that it's not just presenting raw data, but functioning as a system to collate that data for multiple stakeholders. The model might have considered it a dataset due to its capitalized and proper name appearance, as well as its association with educational statistics, but from the text\u2019s context, it\u2019s clear that it operates more as a management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described primarily as a platform for managing data within a policy framework, rather than as a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 119, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 114 of 117. ANNEX 6. PROGRAM ACTION PLAN Action Description Source DLI # Responsibility Timing Completion Measurement Undertake data analysis in the NEMIS platform and publish annual educational statistical booklet. Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Annual educational statistical booklet published for core education data, including refugee children and learner with special needs. Conduct policy dialogue for inclusion / mainstrea ming of refugees in the NEMIS. Technical MoE Other Continuous Data for refugee children included in the NEMIS Training: implementation of the consolidated three year capacity building plan for staff development at MoE and the Program \u2019 s implementing entities ( IEs ). Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Targets in the plan implemented Technical expertise to be engaged in the areas of CBC and formative assessments Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly two international Partner institutions procured to provide technical support to KICD and KNEC in the implementation and monitoring of the roll out of CBC and assessments. Utilization of the online based item portal for competency based assessment Technical KNEC Recurrent Continuous Teachers post assessment items in the portal and also use the assessment items in the portal. Timely release of funds Exchequer to the Implementing Entities Fiduciary Systems NT, MoE and TSC Recurrent Yearly Timely release of funds to the Implementing Entities ( IEs ) PPRA to undertake compliance assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 611, + 616, + "named" + ], + [ + 253, + 291, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 408, + 424, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Conduct policy dialogue for inclusion / mainstrea ming of refugees in the NEMIS. Technical MoE Other Continuous Data for refugee children included in the NEMIS Training: implementation of the consolidated three year capacity building plan for staff development at MoE and the Program \u2019 s implementing entities ( IEs ). Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly Targets in the plan implemented Technical expertise to be engaged in the areas of CBC and formative assessments Technical MoE Recurrent Yearly two international Partner institutions procured to provide technical support to KICD and KNEC in the implementation and monitoring of the roll out of CBC and assessments.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a platform that collects and manages educational data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of technical support and policy dialogue", + "described in relation to capacity building and training", + "not directly referenced as a source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' appears to represent a management information system (MIS) related to refugees and educational data, rather than a standalone dataset. The surrounding text focuses on policy dialogue and implementation strategies, hinting at 'NEMIS' serving as an infrastructure to support various educational initiatives. The confusion may arise from the term's capitalization and its inclusion in a discussion about technical aspects, leading the model to identify it mistakenly as a dataset. However, since there is no explicit reference to 'NEMIS' as a provider of data, it is more accurately seen as a platform or system rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NEMIS' is better understood as a management information system that aids in the collection and management of data rather than serving as a dataset in this particular context." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 120, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 115 of 117 within the provisions of PPADA, 2015 and Regulations 2020. Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform. Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ). Technical DLI 6 MoE and KNEC Due Date 31-Dec - 2025 a ) admission / signing up; b ) instrument translation and adaptation of instrument; ( c ) pre-test; ( d ) main survey; and ( e ) data analysis, report writing and dissemination Strengthened supply chain for sanitary towels and accountability Technical DLI 5 MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 A module in NEMIS showing distribution of sanitary towels by school and number of girls benefiting. Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Environmental and Social Systems DLI 6 MoE KISE Due Date 30-Jun-2023 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age and gender. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 175, + 189, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 115 of 117 within the provisions of PPADA, 2015 and Regulations 2020. Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "NEMIS Platform refers to a system or platform used for data collection and management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a platform for auditing and training", + "described as a system used for monitoring", + "not referenced as a source of structured records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'NEMIS Platform' is referenced in relation to auditing and monitoring processes. The text specifically mentions training and conducting audits on the platform, indicating that it functions as a management tool or system for these processes. It does not present itself as a specific collection of data or records that are analyzed directly. The language used suggests that while the platform may house data, its primary function is as an infrastructure for carrying out certain tasks rather than serving as a dataset in its own right.\n\nThe model might have been confused here due to the capitalized term resembling proper names typically associated with datasets. Additionally, since it follows phrases like 'auditing in the NEMIS Platform,' it may mislead the model into classifying it as a concrete data source. However, because the language focuses on its operational role rather than presenting it as a data source, it indicates that the NEMIS Platform is not a dataset. This delineation is crucial when considering whether something is a system/project or a dataset, as a system often implies a context where data is stored but not necessarily used as an analytical dataset in research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The NEMIS Platform is a system used for auditing and monitoring rather than a concrete dataset. It does not function as a source of structured data but rather serves as an infrastructure for data-related processes." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 120, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 115 of 117 within the provisions of PPADA, 2015 and Regulations 2020. Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform. Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ). Technical DLI 6 MoE and KNEC Due Date 31-Dec - 2025 a ) admission / signing up; b ) instrument translation and adaptation of instrument; ( c ) pre-test; ( d ) main survey; and ( e ) data analysis, report writing and dissemination Strengthened supply chain for sanitary towels and accountability Technical DLI 5 MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 A module in NEMIS showing distribution of sanitary towels by school and number of girls benefiting. Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Environmental and Social Systems DLI 6 MoE KISE Due Date 30-Jun-2023 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age and gender. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 336, + 350, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform. Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ).", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "NEMIS Platform refers to a system or platform used for data management and reporting, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for training and auditing", + "mentioned alongside another system (Fiduciary Systems MoE)", + "doesn't indicate structured data collection itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'NEMIS Platform' is referenced as a system for conducting audits and training. The phrases used, such as 'Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform' and 'Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform', suggest that this platform functions as an infrastructure for managing and reporting data rather than being a distinct, concrete dataset. It does not explicitly indicate it is a collection of structured data records, which is a distinguishing feature of a dataset. The model might have been confused because the term 'platform' is capitalized and appears in contexts (like training and monitoring) that suggest it involves data, but these terms primarily denote functionality rather than a data source. There is no indication that this platform serves as a single repository of data that qualifies as a dataset; rather, it is more accurately classified as a management information system or a tool that may contain or facilitate data but is not itself a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'NEMIS Platform' refers to a system or tool used for data management rather than a concrete dataset, as it is described in terms of its functionality and purpose rather than as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 120, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 115 of 117 within the provisions of PPADA, 2015 and Regulations 2020. Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform. Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ). Technical DLI 6 MoE and KNEC Due Date 31-Dec - 2025 a ) admission / signing up; b ) instrument translation and adaptation of instrument; ( c ) pre-test; ( d ) main survey; and ( e ) data analysis, report writing and dissemination Strengthened supply chain for sanitary towels and accountability Technical DLI 5 MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 A module in NEMIS showing distribution of sanitary towels by school and number of girls benefiting. Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Environmental and Social Systems DLI 6 MoE KISE Due Date 30-Jun-2023 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age and gender. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 830, + 835, + "named" + ], + [ + 120, + 124, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 368, + 373, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 396, + 400, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 844, + 885, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1012, + 1054, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1221, + 1243, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ). Technical DLI 6 MoE and KNEC Due Date 31-Dec - 2025 a ) admission / signing up; b ) instrument translation and adaptation of instrument; ( c ) pre-test; ( d ) main survey; and ( e ) data analysis, report writing and dissemination Strengthened supply chain for sanitary towels and accountability Technical DLI 5 MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 A module in NEMIS showing distribution of sanitary towels by school and number of girls benefiting. Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a platform that collects and manages data related to education, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a module in NEMIS", + "mentioned in the context of capabilities for data collection and reporting", + "not directly referenced as a data source but part of a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is described as a module within a broader system that manages data related to education. It is associated with multiple functionalities, including data collection and reporting, rather than being presented as a distinct dataset itself. The context suggests that NEMIS is part of an infrastructure aimed at managing educational information, which typically means it serves as a tool rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion for models might arise from its presentation in a context that emphasizes its analytical capabilities, making it seem like a data source, even though it is fundamentally a system or platform. It lacks direct reference as a dataset and is instead referenced in a broader operational and analytical capacity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is mentioned in relation to its role within an information system rather than as a standalone dataset. It serves as infrastructure for managing educational data and is not explicitly referenced as a source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 120, + "text": "The World Bank Primary Education Equity in Learning Program ( P176867 ) Page 115 of 117 within the provisions of PPADA, 2015 and Regulations 2020. Training on auditing in the NEMIS Platform and monitor progressively how many of the audits are carried out on this platform. Fiduciary Systems MoE Recurrent Yearly Audits conducted on the NEMIS Platform. Preparation for Kenya to participate in the 2025 Programme for International Student Assessment \u2019 s for Development ( PISA-D ). Technical DLI 6 MoE and KNEC Due Date 31-Dec - 2025 a ) admission / signing up; b ) instrument translation and adaptation of instrument; ( c ) pre-test; ( d ) main survey; and ( e ) data analysis, report writing and dissemination Strengthened supply chain for sanitary towels and accountability Technical DLI 5 MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 A module in NEMIS showing distribution of sanitary towels by school and number of girls benefiting. Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Environmental and Social Systems DLI 6 MoE KISE Due Date 30-Jun-2023 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age and gender. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1193, + 1198, + "named" + ], + [ + 120, + 124, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 141, + 145, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 368, + 373, + "NEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 396, + 400, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 844, + 885, + "NEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1012, + 1054, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1221, + 1243, + "NEMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Review and analyze NEMIS capabilities on collecting, disaggregation and reporting on data for learners with special needs and disability and recommendations to close identified gaps. Environmental and Social Systems DLI 6 MoE KISE Due Date 30-Jun-2023 Reports generated from NEMIS with granular data on special needs children by category of disability, age and gender. Design and develop a GRM MIS module compatible with NEMIS and interoperable between agencies.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a platform that collects and manages data related to education, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018generated from NEMIS\u2019", + "described as a platform for collecting and reporting data", + "mentioned in the context of analyzing capabilities and generating reports on specific data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' is positioned as a system that is generating reports and managing data specific to learners with special needs and disabilities. The phrase 'Reports generated from NEMIS' indicates that NEMIS serves as a primary source of structured data related to the subject matter. Although NEMIS could be seen as an information system, it is clearly indicated as the source of granular data, which is used for analysis, thus qualifying it as a dataset in the context of this discussion. Potential confusion may arise because it is not merely a table of raw data; rather, it is an operational system that produces reports, but since it plays a fundamental role in data collection and reporting, the model might have rightly extracted it as a dataset mention. This analysis signals that it should not be solely viewed as a tool without data but a distinct structured collection used for education-related analytics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NEMIS is treated as a dataset because it generates reports containing structured data on special needs and disabilities, functioning as the primary source of data collection and reporting." + }, + { + "filename": "030_IBArchive-a3efea83-58ad-4ddf-8bec-57dcadea0526", + "page": 120, + "text": "Environmental and Social Systems MOE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of GRM satisfactorily addressed. Assess the outcomes of biogas pilots and analyze existing practices on use of biogas in schools Environmental and Social Systems MoE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 Costed action plan developed to scale up biogas projects. Whole of Government refugee policy Other Ministry of Interior Recurrent Continuous Relevant coordination structures established.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 105, + 110, + "named" + ], + [ + 55, + 59, + "NEMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Environmental and Social Systems MOE Due Date 29-Dec - 2023 Complaints and grievances lodged through the NEMIS. Number of GRM satisfactorily addressed.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "NEMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to complaints and grievances, indicating it is a registry used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system or registry for grievances", + "not directly described as a dataset", + "followed by a description of complaints", + "context suggests a project, but it does not clearly present as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NEMIS' appears as part of a sentence discussing complaints and grievances lodged through it. Although models might infer that NEMIS is a dataset because of its association with the collection and management of data, the language used indicates it's more of a management information system (MIS) or a platform designed to facilitate the process of handling complaints. There is no explicit phrasing like 'uses data from' or 'based on' that clearly identifies NEMIS as the primary dataset used for analysis. Instead, it is stated more as a system that facilitates the collection of grievances rather than as a concrete dataset itself. Therefore, while it could contain data, in this specific mention, it operates more as a tool or registry and does not fulfill the role of a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, NEMIS functions as a complaint handling system rather than a standalone dataset, as the text does not explicitly identify it as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 46, + "text": "The assessment concluded that the SEA / SH risks are Substantial. Drivers of risk in the context include high rates of child marriage and female circumcision, general social acceptability of GBV, conflict, high risks of human trafficking, and lack of legislation on domestic violence and sexual harassment. GBV is highly prevalent, and it is estimated that 28. 6 percent of women nationwide have experienced physical or sexual violence by an intimate partner at some point in their lives. 38 SEA / SH requirements have been reflected in the ESCP, in contracts, and in the contractor \u2019 s ESCP. The recipient will develop a budgeted SEA / SH Action Plan annexed to the ESMF that will outline the project \u2019 s mitigation strategies, response protocols, and accountability mechanisms. The Recipient will map GBV services in areas of implementation and will develop a referral protocol for the timely, safe, and ethical referral of all survivors who may disclose GBV / SEA / SH incidents to the project. In addition, the recipient will design and implement an SEA / SH-sensitive grievance mechanism for the safe and confidential documentation, response, and management of SEA / SH complaints and will include targeted, enabling, and regular involvement of women and other groups at risk in stakeholder engagement. The Recipient \u2019 s supervision 37 https: / / documents1. worldbank. org / curated / en / 099115102012230317 / pdf / P17449507045c20b70a0b20cbd9ac3ae22d. pdf 38 Chad, Demographic Health Survey ( DHS ), 2014 \u2013 15 ( in French ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1473, + 1498, + "named" + ], + [ + 374, + 379, + "Demographic Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1501, + 1504, + "Demographic Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1508, + 1517, + "Demographic Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "org / curated / en / 099115102012230317 / pdf / P17449507045c20b70a0b20cbd9ac3ae22d. pdf 38 Chad, Demographic Health Survey ( DHS ), 2014 \u2013 15 ( in French ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described with a specific year and location indicating structured data", + "follows after the context of a specific survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic Health Survey' refers specifically to a named health survey conducted in Chad in 2014-2015. It is a well-known source for demographic and health statistics, which makes it a concrete dataset. The phrase indicates that it is a structured collection of data, typically characterized by its systematic data collection methodologies. While it could superficially be confused with a project name or a management information system because it is a formal title, the prior and subsequent connotations\u2014specifically the mention of its purpose, location, and timeline\u2014support its identification as a dataset. A model could easily mistake it as just a project due to its formal naming, but the context surrounding it indicates that it serves as a recognized collection of health data, thus justifying categorizing it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Demographic Health Survey' is identified as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to a structured collection of health and demographic data, supported by its enumeration and description in the text." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 77, + "text": "Chad has one of the highest fertility rates in the world ( 5. 8 births per women ), which severely affects women \u2019 s capacity to participate in the labor market. 44 Women also lack agency for personal decisions; only 23 percent of women were responsible for deciding whether or not to work. 45 In addition, women have lower access to factors of production, such as land, farming inputs, and livestock. 5. Poverty. In both Chad \u2019 s Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys from 2003 and 2011, the monetary poverty rate among female-headed households was lower than the rate for male - headed households. In the most recent one ( 2011 ), the poverty rate for female-headed households was 42. 6 percent, compared with 47. 4 percent for households headed by men. 46 However, despite the lower monetary poverty rate, female-headed households experienced slightly higher multidimensional poverty than male-headed households. Multidimensional poverty is measured as an index that includes information about education, health, housing, employment, empowerment, dignity, and personal security, among many others. 47 Similarly, 39. 2 percent of female-headed households are in the bottom wealth quintile, compared to 21. 2 percent of those headed by males. 6.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 431, + 480, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 4, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 486, + 490, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> reference year" + ], + [ + 495, + 499, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 505, + 526, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data description" + ], + [ + 533, + 557, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 637, + 641, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1274, + 1292, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty. In both Chad \u2019 s Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys from 2003 and 2011, the monetary poverty rate among female-headed households was lower than the rate for male - headed households. In the most recent one ( 2011 ), the poverty rate for female-headed households was 42.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to structured surveys that collect data on household consumption and informal sector activities, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as surveys collecting data on household consumption", + "refers to structured surveys conducted in specific years (2003, 2011)", + "gives specific poverty rates derived from the surveys" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys' is treated as a dataset because it refers explicitly to surveys conducted during specific years that collect structured data relevant to economic conditions in Chad. The text highlights the focus on household consumption and poverty rates among different demographics, suggesting that the surveys are systematic and designed to gather quantitative data that can inform analysis. While the term could potentially raise confusion as it resembles a project name or an MIS, the explicit mention of it being a survey with year indicators and the provided statistical results underscores its role as a dataset. The model might have been confused as it may not have understood the context of the term as it is integrated into a discussion on poverty analysis, where the focus is on the data collected by these surveys rather than the surveys themselves as overarching systems or projects.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to structured surveys that explicitly collect and report data on household consumption and poverty in Chad, qualifying it clearly as a dataset within this context." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 77, + "text": "A statistical analysis of Chad \u2019 s Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys by the World Bank identified a number of factors influencing household poverty, including some that disproportionally affect female-headed households. For example, employment of heads of households in the public service or in nonagricultural activities ( which is less common among female heads ) is correlated with lower poverty incidence. Livestock ownership ( which is also less common among female-headed households ) is also correlated with lower poverty rates. 48 Women \u2019 s vulnerability within households is due to their lack of financial autonomy. ECOSIT 3 found that only 23 percent of women were responsible for deciding 44 United Nations fertility data ( 2017 ). https: / / www. un. org / en / development / desa / population / publications / dataset / fertility / wfd2017. asp 45 World Bank. 2015. Systematic Country Diagnostic, Chad. Report No. 96537-TD. Washington, DC: World Bank. 46 https: / / repository. uneca. org / ds2 / stream /? # / documents / b47f8dc9-8948-5d3e-bae5-bc8ff64fa7ba / page / 3 47 World Bank. 2013. Chad - Poverty Note: Dynamics of Poverty and Inequality Following the Rise of the Oil Sector. http: / / documents. worldbank. org / curated / en / 201821468015589462 / Chad-Poverty-note-dynamics-of-poverty-and-inequality - following-the-rise-of-the-oil-sector 48 World Bank. 2015. Systematic Country Diagnostic, Chad. Report No. 96537-TD. Washington, DC: World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 35, + 84, + "named" + ], + [ + 26, + 30, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 92, + 102, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 210, + 234, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 249, + 337, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data description" + ], + [ + 426, + 445, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data description" + ], + [ + 877, + 887, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 889, + 893, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 926, + 930, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 969, + 979, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1103, + 1113, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1121, + 1125, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1384, + 1394, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1433, + 1437, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1476, + 1486, + "Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A statistical analysis of Chad \u2019 s Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys by the World Bank identified a number of factors influencing household poverty, including some that disproportionally affect female-headed households. For example, employment of heads of households in the public service or in nonagricultural activities ( which is less common among female heads ) is correlated with lower poverty incidence.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to structured surveys conducted to collect data on household consumption and the informal sector, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as surveys collecting data on household consumption", + "identified through statistical analysis", + "mentioned in context of factors influencing household poverty" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys' refers to structured surveys that are explicitly designed to gather data about households in Chad. The phrasing in the context ('statistical analysis of ... surveys') indicates that these surveys are being used as a source of data for the analysis, as opposed to a mere project name or system. If the term had been presented in a different context (e.g., if it were simply referred to without emphasizing their purpose of collecting data), there might be confusion. However, the surrounding text clarifies that they function as datasets because they are utilized for quantitative analysis, enriching our understanding of poverty among households in Chad. This kind of specificity helps differentiate them as actual datasets rather than just projects or systems that gather data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the term behaves as a real dataset mention because it is explicitly linked to statistical analysis and is described as surveys that collect data relevant to household consumption." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 77, + "text": "A statistical analysis of Chad \u2019 s Household Consumption and Informal Sector Surveys by the World Bank identified a number of factors influencing household poverty, including some that disproportionally affect female-headed households. For example, employment of heads of households in the public service or in nonagricultural activities ( which is less common among female heads ) is correlated with lower poverty incidence. Livestock ownership ( which is also less common among female-headed households ) is also correlated with lower poverty rates. 48 Women \u2019 s vulnerability within households is due to their lack of financial autonomy. ECOSIT 3 found that only 23 percent of women were responsible for deciding 44 United Nations fertility data ( 2017 ). https: / / www. un. org / en / development / desa / population / publications / dataset / fertility / wfd2017. asp 45 World Bank. 2015. Systematic Country Diagnostic, Chad. Report No. 96537-TD. Washington, DC: World Bank. 46 https: / / repository. uneca. org / ds2 / stream /? # / documents / b47f8dc9-8948-5d3e-bae5-bc8ff64fa7ba / page / 3 47 World Bank. 2013. Chad - Poverty Note: Dynamics of Poverty and Inequality Following the Rise of the Oil Sector. http: / / documents. worldbank. org / curated / en / 201821468015589462 / Chad-Poverty-note-dynamics-of-poverty-and-inequality - following-the-rise-of-the-oil-sector 48 World Bank. 2015. Systematic Country Diagnostic, Chad. Report No. 96537-TD. Washington, DC: World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 641, + 647, + "named" + ], + [ + 26, + 30, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 92, + 102, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ], + [ + 249, + 337, + "ECOSIT <> data description" + ], + [ + 426, + 445, + "ECOSIT <> data description" + ], + [ + 877, + 887, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ], + [ + 889, + 893, + "ECOSIT <> publication year" + ], + [ + 926, + 930, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 969, + 979, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1103, + 1113, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1121, + 1125, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1384, + 1394, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1433, + 1437, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1476, + 1486, + "ECOSIT <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "48 Women \u2019 s vulnerability within households is due to their lack of financial autonomy. ECOSIT 3 found that only 23 percent of women were responsible for deciding 44 United Nations fertility data ( 2017 ). https: / / www.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECOSIT refers to a survey that collects data on household consumption and informal sector activities in Chad, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey collecting data", + "follows statistical findings", + "associated with women's financial autonomy analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECOSIT' refers specifically to a survey that gathers structured data regarding household consumption and women's roles in decision-making within the household. The phrase 'ECOSIT 3 found that' indicates its use as a source of empirical findings, aligning with the characteristics of a dataset. Although it may resemble a project or system due to its structured nature, the context explicitly establishes it as a source of data for analysis. The potential confusion could arise because 'ECOSIT' can also imply it is a project; however, the explicit mention that it found statistical data grounds it firmly as a dataset in this sentence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'ECOSIT' acts as a dataset because it is referenced in relation to survey findings and empirical data, which confirms its role as a structured collection specifically used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 78, + "text": "Borrowed to start, operate, or expand a farm or business 10. 1 13. 7 3. 6 Saved at a financial institution 1. 6 3. 5 1. 9 Saved using a savings club or a person outside the family 17. 6 12. 3 - 5. 3 Saved to start, operate, or expand a farm or business 9. 7 15. 5 5. 8 Saved for education or school fees * 8. 8 19. 8 11. 1 Source: World Bank Findex Survey ( 2017 ). Note: * Findex 2014. 8. Entrepreneurship. The World Bank Enterprise Survey collects data from firms in the manufacturing and service industries around the world. In Chad, only 13. 1 percent of all firms have female participation in ownership and 9. 0 percent have a majority of female participation in ownership. As a benchmark, 29. 6 percent have female participation in ownership and 12. 3 percent have a majority of female participation in ownership in Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, only 1. 9 percent of permanent full - time production workers are female in Chad, compared to 19. 0 percent in the region. Table 3. 5.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 412, + 440, + "named" + ], + [ + 331, + 341, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 358, + 362, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 531, + 535, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 822, + 840, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 928, + 932, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Entrepreneurship. The World Bank Enterprise Survey collects data from firms in the manufacturing and service industries around the world. In Chad, only 13.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The World Bank Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data that collects information from firms in the manufacturing and service industries, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as collecting data from firms", + "specific reference to data collection in the context of a survey", + "appears to be a systematic collection with structured records." + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term \"World Bank Enterprise Survey\" is explicitly associated with the collection of data from firms in specific industries. It describes a systematic effort to gather information, which typically aligns with what one would consider a dataset. The phrase \u2018collects data from firms\u2019 reinforces that it functions as a structured data source, suggesting it captures specific records in a defined format. Although the term could also be interpreted as a project or initiative by the World Bank, the explicit reference to data collection makes it clear that it operates as a dataset in this context. The potential confusion stems from the name sounding like that of a project or system; however, the description attributes it a role in data collection, leading to its classification as a dataset rather than merely a project or infrastructure that holds records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'World Bank Enterprise Survey' is indeed treated as a dataset due to the clear description of its function as a structured collection of data from firms, explicitly indicating its role as a source of records." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 78, + "text": "Female Participation in Ownership Indicator Chad Sub - Saharan Africa All Countries Percent of firms with female participation in ownership 13. 1 29. 6 35. 8 Percent of firms with majority female ownership 9. 0 12. 3 14. 4 Percent of firms with a female top manager 12. 0 15. 4 18. 0 Proportion of permanent full-time workers that are female ( % ) 14. 8 28. 2 33. 3 Proportion of permanent full-time production workers that are female ( % ) a 1. 9 19. 0 26. 8 Proportion of permanent full-time non-production workers that are female ( % ) a 9. 6 29. 4 37. 0 Source: World Bank ( 2018 ) Enterprise Survey. https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org / en / data / exploretopics / gender. Note: a. Using data from manufacturing firms only. 49 Ibid. 50 World Bank. 2017. Findex database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 586, + 603, + "named" + ], + [ + 44, + 69, + "Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 566, + 576, + "Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 579, + 583, + "Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 707, + 726, + "Enterprise Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 745, + 755, + "Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4 37. 0 Source: World Bank ( 2018 ) Enterprise Survey. https: / / www.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze various aspects of firms, including female participation in ownership, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' indicating it's a reference material", + "associated with the World Bank, a known provider of empirical datasets", + "described in a manner consistent with a structured collection of data from an official source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Enterprise Survey' seems to refer to a specific dataset produced by the World Bank. The phrase 'Source: World Bank (2018) Enterprise Survey' suggests that this is not just a project name or a management information system but rather a concrete data collection that researchers can reference for analysis. The World Bank is notably recognized for its empirical research data, and the naming convention here aligns with how datasets are typically cited in academic and research documents. However, it could cause confusion because 'Enterprise Survey' could also imply a project aimed at analyzing enterprise conditions, but the reference to this being a source mitigates that ambiguity. The structure of the sentence supports the classification of the term as a dataset since it follows typical citation practices for empirical sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Enterprise Survey' is classified as a dataset in this context due to its reference as a source from the World Bank, which implies it is a structured collection of data intended for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 78, + "text": "Female Participation in Ownership Indicator Chad Sub - Saharan Africa All Countries Percent of firms with female participation in ownership 13. 1 29. 6 35. 8 Percent of firms with majority female ownership 9. 0 12. 3 14. 4 Percent of firms with a female top manager 12. 0 15. 4 18. 0 Proportion of permanent full-time workers that are female ( % ) 14. 8 28. 2 33. 3 Proportion of permanent full-time production workers that are female ( % ) a 1. 9 19. 0 26. 8 Proportion of permanent full-time non-production workers that are female ( % ) a 9. 6 29. 4 37. 0 Source: World Bank ( 2018 ) Enterprise Survey. https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org / en / data / exploretopics / gender. Note: a. Using data from manufacturing firms only. 49 Ibid. 50 World Bank. 2017. Findex database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 763, + 778, + "named" + ], + [ + 566, + 576, + "Findex database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 757, + 761, + "Findex database <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2017. Findex database.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Findex database is a structured collection of data related to financial inclusion, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "provides structured data related to financial inclusion", + "possible reference as a comprehensive data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Findex database' appears to refer to a structured collection of data related to financial inclusion, which is typically understood as a dataset. The term 'database' suggests a repository of organized information, and previous knowledge supports that the Findex database contains relevant financial data. While databases can sometimes be considered systems or platforms, the use of the term 'database' in its name strongly indicates it is treated as a concrete dataset in discussions of empirical research. There is no indication in the provided context that it is merely a project name or tool; therefore, it aligns with the characteristics of a dataset. A model could get confused by recognizing the term 'database' as potentially generic or indicative of a system, but in this context, it clearly refers to a structured data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Findex database in this context is indeed a dataset, as it is a structured collection relevant to financial inclusion, not just a management system or project." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Chad Energy Access Scale Up Project ( P174495 ) Page 74 of 87 ANNEX 4: Climate and Hazard Considerations Climate Change and Natural Hazard Risks and Adaptation Opportunities 1. Resilient infrastructure development in the Republic of Chad includes consideration of existing natural hazards51 and ongoing climate change. Three key risks in this project include wildfire, flooding, and extreme heat, which are expected to increase due to climate change. Figure 4. 1. Key Hazard Risks in Chad and Their Geographic Distribution Source: ( A ) Author calculations using data from [ 46 ]; ( B ) FATHOM fluvial flooding data ( 2021 ) [ 48 ]; ( C ) Internal calculations using data from NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data [ 50 ]. 2. Wildfire is recognized as a \u2018 high \u2019 risk in Chad under current climate conditions, and climate change is expected to exacerbate this risk. 52 However, this risk is concentrated in the southern part of the country, particularly along the southeastern corner where the average annual area of land that is burned is 20 \u2013 50 percent or more ( Figure 4. 1 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 602, + 608, + "named" + ], + [ + 236, + 252, + "FATHOM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "FATHOM <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. Key Hazard Risks in Chad and Their Geographic Distribution Source: ( A ) Author calculations using data from [ 46 ]; ( B ) FATHOM fluvial flooding data ( 2021 ) [ 48 ]; ( C ) Internal calculations using data from NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data [ 50 ]. 2.", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "FATHOM refers to a dataset that provides fluvial flooding data, which is structured and used for analysis related to flooding risks.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as providing fluvial flooding data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FATHOM' is directly associated with fluvial flooding data within a structured analytical framework. The phrase \u2018using data from\u2019 implies that FATHOM serves as a source of data for subsequent analysis, positioning it arguably as a dataset itself. It's presented alongside other sources of data, reinforcing its role in providing specific, usable information. The confusion may arise because FATHOM could also represent a project or a tool for data handling, but specific phrasing leads to it being treated here as a dataset. Its mention in connection with fluvial flooding data, a tangible type of data, further solidifies the classification. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that, in this context, 'FATHOM' is employed as a dataset rather than merely a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'FATHOM' is classified as a dataset because it is used to provide specific fluvial flooding data for analysis, and it is explicitly referenced within a framework that indicates its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Chad Energy Access Scale Up Project ( P174495 ) Page 74 of 87 ANNEX 4: Climate and Hazard Considerations Climate Change and Natural Hazard Risks and Adaptation Opportunities 1. Resilient infrastructure development in the Republic of Chad includes consideration of existing natural hazards51 and ongoing climate change. Three key risks in this project include wildfire, flooding, and extreme heat, which are expected to increase due to climate change. Figure 4. 1. Key Hazard Risks in Chad and Their Geographic Distribution Source: ( A ) Author calculations using data from [ 46 ]; ( B ) FATHOM fluvial flooding data ( 2021 ) [ 48 ]; ( C ) Internal calculations using data from NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data [ 50 ]. 2. Wildfire is recognized as a \u2018 high \u2019 risk in Chad under current climate conditions, and climate change is expected to exacerbate this risk. 52 However, this risk is concentrated in the southern part of the country, particularly along the southeastern corner where the average annual area of land that is burned is 20 \u2013 50 percent or more ( Figure 4. 1 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 692, + 716, + "named" + ], + [ + 236, + 252, + "NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. Key Hazard Risks in Chad and Their Geographic Distribution Source: ( A ) Author calculations using data from [ 46 ]; ( B ) FATHOM fluvial flooding data ( 2021 ) [ 48 ]; ( C ) Internal calculations using data from NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data [ 50 ]. 2.", + "type": "climate data", + "explanation": "The NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data is a structured collection of climate data used for research and analysis related to climate change and its impacts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using data from'", + "enumerated alongside other data sources", + "described as a data source in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data' is clearly functioning as a dataset because it appears after the phrase 'using data from', suggesting that it is a structured dataset being referenced for analysis. Moreover, it is listed among other concrete data sources like FATHOM fluvial flooding data. The specificity of the term, relating to climate data as it pertains to CMIP5 and its validation by NASA, indicates that it is used as a recognizable dataset rather than just a system or project name. The confusion might arise for models when they see it formatted similarly to project names or systems; however, the accompanying context suggests it is indeed a dataset being employed in the analysis, rather than just a reference to a program. The distinction hinges largely on its explicit role in the text as a source of data for calculations, allowing us to clearly categorize it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'NASA NEX-GDDP CMIP5 data' is treated as a dataset because it follows a clear usage context and is listed alongside other datasets, indicating its role as a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 79, + "text": "These data are calculated based on an annualized average from a historical 25-year period. 53 Over a 30-year period, however, even a 5 percent annual risk translates into a 78 percent chance that at least one fire event will occur. This rate indicates that adaptation options are 51 World Bank. 2021. ThinkHazard Database, Chad. https: / / www. thinkhazard. org. 52 Liu, Y., J. A. Stanturf, and S. L. Goodrick. 2009. \u201c Trends in Global Wildfire Potential in a Changing Climate. \u201d Forest Ecology and Management 259 ( 4 ): 685 \u2013 697. https: / / doi. org / 10. 1016 / j. foreco. 2009. 09. 002. 53 Giglio, L., J. Randerson, and G. van der Werf. 2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Bio geosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 301, + 321, + "named" + ], + [ + 283, + 293, + "ThinkHazard Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 295, + 299, + "ThinkHazard Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 323, + 327, + "ThinkHazard Database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2021. ThinkHazard Database, Chad. https: / / www.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The ThinkHazard Database is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to hazard risks.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a database but lacks clear indication of being a data source", + "no explicit usage context presented in the empirical context", + "could refer to a project or system rather than just a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'ThinkHazard Database', I noted the lack of contextual phrases that clearly define it as a dataset. There was no indication that it is the primary source of data employed in the analysis, nor does it follow phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'. Instead, it stands alone in the provided context, which raises the possibility that it could be a project name or a system that contains data rather than the dataset itself. The model might have assumed it was a dataset based on its name, which contains 'Database', and could have mistakenly interpreted the mention as a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "While 'ThinkHazard Database' suggests it may hold data, this mention lacks explicit context that confirms it as a dataset; it is clearer as a project or system identifier." + }, + { + "filename": "031_IBArchive-bd2c789e-ee04-4df7-a219-9409a5f705d3", + "page": 79, + "text": "These data are calculated based on an annualized average from a historical 25-year period. 53 Over a 30-year period, however, even a 5 percent annual risk translates into a 78 percent chance that at least one fire event will occur. This rate indicates that adaptation options are 51 World Bank. 2021. ThinkHazard Database, Chad. https: / / www. thinkhazard. org. 52 Liu, Y., J. A. Stanturf, and S. L. Goodrick. 2009. \u201c Trends in Global Wildfire Potential in a Changing Climate. \u201d Forest Ecology and Management 259 ( 4 ): 685 \u2013 697. https: / / doi. org / 10. 1016 / j. foreco. 2009. 09. 002. 53 Giglio, L., J. Randerson, and G. van der Werf. 2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Bio geosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 710, + 760, + "named" + ], + [ + 606, + 618, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> author" + ], + [ + 641, + 645, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Bio geosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database is a structured collection of data related to global fire emissions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other structured data sources", + "described explicitly as a database", + "mentioned in an analytical context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the term 'Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database' is explicitly mentioned alongside an analysis of burn area, indicating that it serves as a structured collection of data related to fire emissions. The use of 'database' in the term suggests that it contains organized data suitable for analysis. Additionally, the extraction model may have correctly identified it as a dataset because it is characterized by its function in research, being the source of data for an empirical study. There is less ambiguity compared to other terms that might refer to projects or systems, as the context explicitly ties it to data analysis. The specifics of the term's designation reduce the chance for confusion, though one might still ponder if it serves as mere infrastructure; however, it's better evidenced here as a dataset due to its naming and context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly named in relation to an analysis of data, indicating it serves as a structured repository of information on global fire emissions." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 22, + "text": "It will be more efficient in the long term given the rapid changes taking place in the demand for labor in Djibouti and beyond, and the significant advances being made in technology that is likely to make skills acquisition through such means a standard for future learners. 30. Integration with System Partners. There is a need to build close working partnerships between the training system and institutions, and representatives of the private sector, employers, chamber of commerce, and other relevant stakeholders including youth organization, Nongovernmental Organizations ( NGOs ) working vulnerable population as well as organizations supporting refugees \u2019 education and training in Djibouti such as UNHCR and United Nations Children ' s Fund ( UNICEF ). These partnerships should be developed and strengthened in the coming years to ensure that the supply side for training is able to cater to the needs of local businesses, employers, and the private sector. Partnerships can support the development of mandatory training programs, internship opportunities, and apprenticeships to support school to work transition and on the job training ( OJT ) and in general help prepare trainees for the world of work25, 26. Furthermore, such partnerships can also support direct training opportunities for those already in employment through Work-Based Learning ( WBL ) opportunities. 24 Preferably a comprehensive framework that covers the entire education and training system, but which can be constructed in parts. This will help ensure articulation across levels. 25 https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / IT. NET. USER. ZS? locations = SZ 26 Labour Force Survey, 2016.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1652, + 1671, + "named" + ], + [ + 107, + 115, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 690, + 698, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1673, + 1677, + "Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ZS? locations = SZ 26 Labour Force Survey, 2016.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labour Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor market conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned in the context of a specific year, indicating it is a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Labour Force Survey' refers to a well-established data collection initiative that collects and analyzes labor market information. The phrase 'Labour Force Survey, 2016' suggests a specific dataset related to that year, which implies it is indeed a structured collection of data, not just a project or system. While the term could technically refer to a project name or a data collection initiative, its use in conjunction with a specific year strongly indicates that this is referring to a dataset that contains labor force statistics. The model may have initially considered it a system or project due to its formal naming style, but the context makes it clear that it serves as an actual dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Labour Force Survey' in this context refers to a specific dataset that compiles labor market data for the year 2016, thus qualifying it as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 32, + "text": "Detailed guidelines will be developed to support this initiative, including support for connectivity and device access as needed. The initial cohort will focus on providing opportunities for a total of 100 individuals, of which 50 will be women, selected based on their skills, aptitudes, and familiarity with digital technologies. These candidates will be trained on how to access opportunities in the online marketplace, how to establish and highlight their specific skills set, and join the community of online Gig Workers. Given the limited access to devices and broadband connectivity in the country, the Project will partner with existing IT training providers to provide access to these candidates and in situ support as needed, to get them started on these platforms. Given the global evidence on why youth are less likely to be employed, the Project will support workers gain a foothold in the online labor market and help increase the likelihood of being hired competitively through this initial opportunity to demonstrate their skills and abilities. Women, persons with disabilities, and refugees who successfully compete in this market and earn USD 2000 in compensation, will be eligible to receive a matching allocation from the Project as a way to secure the purchase of a personal device and connectivity access. The specific modalities that will be put into 38 Online skills acquisition programs while potentially useful are not without problems. Student and trainee motivation is key to online success and existing evidence from Massive Open Online Courses illustrates that completion rates can be as low as 10 percent. The process of reimbursement helps ensure that scarce government resources are not wasted on subsidizing those who fail to complete the online programs but reward students who complete successfully.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1546, + 1573, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The specific modalities that will be put into 38 Online skills acquisition programs while potentially useful are not without problems. Student and trainee motivation is key to online success and existing evidence from Massive Open Online Courses illustrates that completion rates can be as low as 10 percent. The process of reimbursement helps ensure that scarce government resources are not wasted on subsidizing those who fail to complete the online programs but reward students who complete successfully.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) refer to educational programs and not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as educational programs", + "indicates completion rates", + "not presented as data source but as evidence" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Massive Open Online Courses' (MOOCs) refer to specific educational programs that aim to provide learning opportunities to a large number of participants. The text discusses completion rates and student motivation, highlighting problems inherent to these online courses, rather than attributing structured data to MOOCs as a dataset would imply. A model might have been confused by the phrasing around 'existing evidence', as it suggests statistical analysis, but MOOCs themselves are not data repositories or collections of information. Rather, they could contain data from student interactions and outcomes, but they are primarily programs designed for educational delivery. I drew the line here by recognizing that while MOOCs can yield data, they are not a dataset in the context of empirical analysis; they serve as a reference point or a framework through which related data might be analyzed, rather than containing the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Massive Open Online Courses' is not a dataset in this context because it refers to educational programs rather than a structured collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 44, + "text": "The PIU will include a dedicated Project Director and three technical specialists to cover TVET governance; curriculum, assessment, and quality assurance; and monitoring and evaluation. The PIU will also bring on board additional staff to support fiduciary ( both procurement and financial management ) and safeguards related activities but embed them in existing implementation structures in MENFOP which are in place to support other on-going projects - Expanding Opportunities for Learning ( P166059 ) and Education Emergency Response to COVID-19 ( P174128 ). This will ensure that World Bank projects help strengthen ministerial capacity in a manner that does not add to the MENFOP \u2019 s administrative burden. 85. The implementation arrangements for the Project ensures that the issue of refugee integration will reach the Council for Economic Development ( CDE ), the highest-level policy body in the country. The issue of including refugee candidates / beneficiaries into the training system will be managed and determined by the implementing agency, MENFOP, together with guidance from the CDE. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 86. Monitoring and evaluation mechanism. A wide variety of mechanisms will be used to measure project outcomes including but not limited to administrative data collected through both the MENFOP and MT, other centrally sourced data in the country, standardized data collected from training providers, and data from periodic surveys, tracer studies, labor market analysis, and studies planned to be carried out annually to support project implementation. This multi-level data gathering system will be supported by the Project and will develop a linked system of information allowing different data to be mapped across sub-systems. This will help address one of the key issues in collecting data from TVET systems \u2013 avoidance of data from a fragmented system. The Project places 55 A draft training plan for select PIU and other staff is included in Annex 3.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1349, + 1351, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring and evaluation mechanism. A wide variety of mechanisms will be used to measure project outcomes including but not limited to administrative data collected through both the MENFOP and MT, other centrally sourced data in the country, standardized data collected from training providers, and data from periodic surveys, tracer studies, labor market analysis, and studies planned to be carried out annually to support project implementation. This multi-level data gathering system will be supported by the Project and will develop a linked system of information allowing different data to be mapped across sub-systems.", + "type": null, + "explanation": "The term 'MT' is not defined in the context provided and does not refer to a structured collection of data. It appears to be an abbreviation or acronym without further context.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a wider set of mechanisms without clarification", + "suggests involvement in a project rather than being a standalone data source", + "appears as an abbreviation with no explicit mention of data structure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MT' appears within a description of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms used to gauge project outcomes but lacks any explicit definition or detail that would classify it as a distinct dataset. It is presented alongside various other data sources and mechanisms, but the phrasing indicates that 'MT' functions more as a part of the project's framework rather than a specific collection of data. Accompanying terminology suggests it is likely a component of a system or process rather than an entity with structured records. The confusion may arise from the model acknowledging it in proximity to other data references, leading it to interpret 'MT' as potentially being a dataset. However, since 'MT' is referenced in a general context and not defined as a data source in the immediate text, I conclude it does not behave as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MT' is not treated as a dataset because it lacks definition and is described as part of a wider project mechanism rather than a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Skills Development for Employment Project ( P175483 ) Page 59 of 68 IRI # 11: Share of girls and women in TVET programs increased. Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 12: Number of short-term training programs completed ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 13: Number of individuals who are certified through newly developed RPL procedures ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 14: Number of trainers undertaking initial training ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 15 Beneficiary, Stakeholder and other feedback Technology based beneficiary feedback Biannual Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP IRI # 16: Number of trainers engaged in CPD ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 Annual targets Data collected from the DGETFP.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 705, + 720, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Biannual Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "Biannual Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 184, + 232, + "Biannual Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 488, + 535, + "Biannual Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 779, + 812, + "Biannual Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 IRI # 14: Number of trainers undertaking initial training ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 15 Beneficiary, Stakeholder and other feedback Technology based beneficiary feedback Biannual Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP IRI # 16: Number of trainers engaged in CPD ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 Annual targets Data collected from the DGETFP.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Biannual Survey' refers to a structured collection of data collected biannually, which is used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018conducted by PMU\u2019 which implies a project context", + "described as a survey but without explicit mention of it being a standalone dataset", + "the phrase \u2018technology-based beneficiary feedback Biannual Survey\u2019 hints at a methodology rather than a formal dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Biannual Survey' is mentioned as part of a description of a feedback process orchestrated by a PMU (Project Management Unit). There is no indication that it is a standalone dataset; rather, it refers to a collection method or process that involves collecting data. It follows the phrase that introduces it as a part of the project's methodologies for data collection. The confusion may arise from the term being capitalized and sounding structured enough to be considered a dataset. However, being a part of an ongoing project and linked to feedback indicates it serves more as a tool or process rather than representing a fixed dataset. Thus, I categorize it as not a dataset in this specific context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Biannual Survey' describes a process related to project activities and feedback rather than a standalone dataset that holds structured data, leading to the conclusion that it is not a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Skills Development for Employment Project ( P175483 ) Page 59 of 68 IRI # 11: Share of girls and women in TVET programs increased. Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 12: Number of short-term training programs completed ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 13: Number of individuals who are certified through newly developed RPL procedures ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 14: Number of trainers undertaking initial training ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 15 Beneficiary, Stakeholder and other feedback Technology based beneficiary feedback Biannual Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP IRI # 16: Number of trainers engaged in CPD ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 Annual targets Data collected from the DGETFP.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 734, + 744, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "PMU Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 IRI # 14: Number of trainers undertaking initial training ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 IRI # 15 Beneficiary, Stakeholder and other feedback Technology based beneficiary feedback Biannual Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP IRI # 16: Number of trainers engaged in CPD ( disaggregated by gender, disability and refugee status ) Sub-component 2. 2 Annual targets Data collected from the DGETFP.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMU Survey is a structured collection of data used to gather feedback and information related to the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018created by\u2019", + "described as a survey collecting data", + "related to feedback and project evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'PMU Survey' is presented in a way that indicates it is a systematic collection of data related to project feedback. The phrase 'Biannual Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology' suggests it is an organized approach to gather feedback, fitting the criteria for being recognized as a dataset. The context does not imply it is merely a tool or management information system; it is specifically performing the function of data collection. Although it could be misinterpreted as a project or system, the emphasis on its role in collecting data for evaluation aligns more with it being an actual dataset. The confusion may arise from the format of naming which is typical of systems or projects, but the surrounding language clarifies its intended function as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The PMU Survey is recognized as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to a structured method of data collection related to project feedback." + }, + { + "filename": "033_IBArchive-38b35d89-2c5c-4636-ab7e-0ba662b95a5f", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Djibouti Skills Development for Employment Project ( P175483 ) Page 60 of 68 of short cycle courses. IRI # 18: Modernizing Education and Skills Governance Sub-component 2. 1 Annually Annual Work Plan and Budgets DGETFP will gather data from AWPBs DGETFP IRI # 19 Share of TVET graduates in project supported training programs who report that they are satisfied with their acquisition of employability skills. ( disaggregated ) Indicator will be disaggregated by economic sector, gender, refugee status and disability status. The findings compiled through the beneficiary surveys will be used to plan and implement time and bound actions or action plans to address this feedback. The results of the beneficiary survey will inform the development and implementation of the CEPs. Annually Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP ME IO Table SPACE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 821, + 831, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "PMU Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 287, + 301, + "PMU Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 574, + 593, + "PMU Survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The results of the beneficiary survey will inform the development and implementation of the CEPs. Annually Survey conducted by PMU Survey using technology DGETFP ME IO Table SPACE", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMU Survey is a structured collection of data gathered from beneficiaries to assess satisfaction and inform project implementation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey collecting data", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "follows \u2018conducted by PMU Survey\u2019 indicating data gathering activity" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'PMU Survey' clearly indicates a systematic approach to collecting data (from beneficiaries), suggesting that it is indeed structured data collection rather than just a project name or operational framework. The mention of it being a 'survey' hints toward a dataset as surveys typically result in data formations aimed at analysis. There is also a signal from the context that it is being referenced as a source of information for project implementation, further reinforcing its role as a dataset. The confusion for the model may stem from labeling it as a project or system without recognizing that surveys are typically datasets, especially in the context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'PMU Survey' is viewed as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as a survey gathering structured data from beneficiaries, and it plays a direct role in informing project outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "034_Lebanon-Beirut-Housing-Rehabilitation-and-Cultural-and-Creative-Industries-Recovery", + "page": 12, + "text": "The World Bank Beirut Housing Rehabilitation and Cultural and Creative Industries Recovery ( P176577 ) Page 7 of 66 Lebanese to about 2. 7 million. 6 The middle-income group has contracted from over 57 percent in 2019 to less than 40 percent in 2020, while the affluent group has also shrunk significantly from 15 to 5 percent of the population. The Beirut RDNA ( 2020 ) reported vulnerabilities and needs among the poor and the vulnerable populations to be significantly exacerbated following the PoB explosion, especially among children, women, persons with disabilities, the elderly, refugees and migrant workers. 4. This socio-economic deprivation has driven a wedge between the people and the state. Weak governance is both a root cause and a major impediment to the effective management of today \u2019 s crises. Deteriorating public governance, compounded by limited fiscal space, has severely worsened the delivery of public services and the quality of infrastructure in virtually all sectors. Pervasive political gridlock has so far prevented the swift formulation of policies and reform agendas to ameliorate the fallout of the compounded crises. While trust in governmental institutions has been declining for several years, the inadequate management of the impact of the explosion, combined with the economic crisis, has undermined trust even further.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 350, + 361, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Beirut RDNA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Beirut RDNA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 245, + 249, + "Beirut RDNA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 350, + 356, + "Beirut RDNA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 530, + 538, + "Beirut RDNA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 540, + 545, + "Beirut RDNA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 547, + 572, + "Beirut RDNA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 578, + 585, + "Beirut RDNA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 600, + 615, + "Beirut RDNA <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "6 The middle-income group has contracted from over 57 percent in 2019 to less than 40 percent in 2020, while the affluent group has also shrunk significantly from 15 to 5 percent of the population. The Beirut RDNA ( 2020 ) reported vulnerabilities and needs among the poor and the vulnerable populations to be significantly exacerbated following the PoB explosion, especially among children, women, persons with disabilities, the elderly, refugees and migrant workers. 4.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The Beirut RDNA (Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment) is a structured collection of data assessing vulnerabilities and needs among populations affected by the PoB explosion, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as reporting vulnerabilities and needs", + "uses data to assess conditions among affected populations", + "mentioned in a specific year with formal context (2020)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Beirut RDNA' is associated with a specific assessment report that analyzes and reports data on vulnerabilities and needs following a crisis. The context indicates that it is formally recognized and used to discuss important socioeconomic conditions impacting various populations. While 'RDNA' could theoretically function as a project name or system, its direct description as a 'report' and its role in conveying significant data-driven insights suggest it is, in this instance, treated as a structured dataset. The extraction model may have interpreted it as a project or system due to its structured naming convention, mimicking that of databases or management systems, but given the explicit mention of vulnerability assessments, this reinforces its classification as a dataset in this particular use case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Beirut RDNA' in this context is considered a dataset, as it references a detailed assessment containing structured data about vulnerabilities and needs among affected populations, used in analysis and formally recognized in the discussion." + }, + { + "filename": "034_Lebanon-Beirut-Housing-Rehabilitation-and-Cultural-and-Creative-Industries-Recovery", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Beirut Housing Rehabilitation and Cultural and Creative Industries Recovery ( P176577 ) Page 41 of 66 project will undertake proactive efforts to communicate the service standard to address and respond to feedback that will be received. mechanism Beneficiaries reporting satisfaction with project activities Percentage of beneficiaries in component 1 satisfied with project application, grant disbursement, implementation, and technical support. Beneficiaries in component 2 reporting improved community cohesion, enhanced social inclusion, and neighborhood revitalization. The findings of these surveys will be published and / or that the survey findings will be used by the implementing entity to generate an action plan to address the feedback acquired through the surveys. At mid - point of project and project closure The scope of the GRM will include complaints and other types of feedback such as suggestions, queries ( e. g. Quality of Life Survey ) and compliments A survey will be carried out with direct beneficiaries of the project. The survey will be administered halfway through implementation and at the culmination of project activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 948, + 970, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Quality of Life Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "Quality of Life Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 262, + 275, + "Quality of Life Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 991, + 997, + "Quality of Life Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 1023, + 1043, + "Quality of Life Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "g. Quality of Life Survey ) and compliments A survey will be carried out with direct beneficiaries of the project. The survey will be administered halfway through implementation and at the culmination of project activities.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Quality of Life Survey is a structured collection of data aimed at assessing beneficiaries' satisfaction and community improvements, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "aimed at assessing beneficiaries' satisfaction", + "implies structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Quality of Life Survey' refers to a structured survey that will collect data from beneficiaries about their satisfaction and community improvements, which is indicative of a dataset. The fact that it is referred to as a 'survey' suggests a systematic approach to data collection, and while it may also relate to a project, the primary focus in this text is on the data collection aspect rather than the project itself. The model might have identified it as a dataset due to the context of data use and its implications of structured data collection. However, there is a slight risk of confusion, as surveys can sometimes be part of broader project methodologies or management frameworks, which might make it appear as more of a process than a dataset. Nonetheless, given the description in the context, it is appropriate to classify it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Quality of Life Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is specifically designed to collect structured data on beneficiaries' satisfaction, making it a clear source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Casamance remains deeply affected by FCV. For example, the number of conflict events per capita is highest Casamance ( 28 percent of all incidents have occurred in Casamance, while only 12. 5 percent of the population lives there ). The most common forms of conflict events in Casamance are protests and battles. These events are also more violent and deadly in Casamance than in the rest of the country. Seventy percent of conflict events involved violence against civilians and 78 percent of all battles have taken place in Casamance. All explosions / remotely detonated violence that occurred in Senegal took place in Casamance. Eighty-three percent of all deaths resulting from conflict in the last decade took place in Casamance. 12 7 Clark, 154. 8 Ibid. 9 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ). 2021. URL: https: / / www. unhcr. org / climate-change-and-disasters. html. 10 \u201c Senegal \u2019 s Casamance MDFC rebels declare a ceasefire, \u201d BBC, April 30, 2014, https: / / www. bbc. com / news / world-africa-27221999. 11 \u201c Senegal pledges US $ 500 mln railway to southern Casamance region, \u201d Reuters, February 20, 2015, https: / / af. reuters. com / article / topNews / idAFKBN0LO0D020150220 12 ACLED ( Armed Conflict Location & Event Data ) conflict event mapping dashboard: https: / / acleddata. com / dashboard / # / dashboard. ( 2019 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1212, + 1217, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 9, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 164, + 173, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 599, + 606, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 819, + 823, + "ACLED <> publication year" + ], + [ + 900, + 907, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 912, + 921, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1040, + 1047, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1089, + 1098, + "ACLED <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1259, + 1291, + "ACLED <> data type" + ], + [ + 1350, + 1354, + "ACLED <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "reuters. com / article / topNews / idAFKBN0LO0D020150220 12 ACLED ( Armed Conflict Location & Event Data ) conflict event mapping dashboard: https: / / acleddata. com / dashboard / # / dashboard.", + "type": "conflict event mapping dashboard", + "explanation": "ACLED refers to a structured collection of data that maps conflict events, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a conflict event mapping dashboard", + "follows a reference to a website with a dashboard", + "implies a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ACLED' is referenced directly alongside the term 'conflict event mapping dashboard', which strongly signals that it is not merely a project or an information system, but a specific structured data source focused on conflict events. The phrasing suggests the presence of organized records related to conflict events, especially since dashboards generally serve to present and analyze collected data. Furthermore, the format of the name, being capitalized and descriptive (Armed Conflict Location & Event Data), further aligns with the characteristics of a dataset. It is understood here as a dataset because it is positioned as a specific resource for research and analysis, despite being associated with a dashboard \u2014 which could traditionally suggest a system or platform. However, the essence of what 'ACLED' provides is still structured data, making it a viable dataset in this scenario.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'ACLED' is treated as a dataset because it refers to a specific structured collection of data related to conflict events and is explicitly positioned as a conflict event mapping dashboard, indicating its function as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 28, + "text": "Activities will include ( a ) communication support; ( b ) monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements, including the setup of a Management Information System ( MIS ); and ( c ) measures for enhanced transparency and accountability. The component will also strengthen the PIUs \u2019 capacities to monitor project activities while supporting an improved understanding of climate change risks and impacts, GHG sources and trends, design of adaptation and mitigation strategies, and policy actions in the face of climate change. 57. The project will establish a Casamance Knowledge Management Platform to address gaps across data collection and analytics in the region. Implementation of the Knowledge Management Plateform ( KMP ) activities will be done in collaboration with the Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor, in particular the sociology department for social inclusion and gender issues and the geography department on climate change and agriculture. The Project will enable young researchers to reflect on issues directly related to the project and thus contribute to the analytics. The KMP will also enable greater transparency and real-time monitoring through the dissemination of local and DDPs and monitoring progress in their implementation through geo-locating investments, in conjunction with the CDD application discussed below. 58.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 134, + 163, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Activities will include ( a ) communication support; ( b ) monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements, including the setup of a Management Information System ( MIS ); and ( c ) measures for enhanced transparency and accountability. The component will also strengthen the PIUs \u2019 capacities to monitor project activities while supporting an improved understanding of climate change risks and impacts, GHG sources and trends, design of adaptation and mitigation strategies, and policy actions in the face of climate change.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "A Management Information System (MIS) is a system for managing information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a Management Information System (MIS) that does not imply it is a dataset", + "described in the context of project activities", + "no clear indication that it is a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' (MIS) refers specifically to a system designed to support the management and organization of information related to project activities. The text describes various components of project activities and mentions the MIS as part of arrangements for monitoring and evaluation. However, it does not explicitly indicate that the MIS itself serves as a dataset or source of structured records for analysis. The phrase does not follow direct cues like 'uses data from' or 'based on', which typically signal concrete datasets. Additionally, while it might be considered to contain data due to its function, it does not fit the definition of a dataset as a structured collection of data intended for analysis. Therefore, I would classify it as infrastructure that stores data but not as a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This occurrence of 'Management Information System' cannot be treated as a dataset because it is described as a system for managing information related to project activities, not a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 28, + "text": "The project will support digital innovations to support the community-centered approach, strengthen CBOs and facilitate access to digital advisory services for farmers: o CDD App: The community-centered approach will be supported by a simple and innovative CDD application which will be introduced to support communities, facilitators, and local government engagement throughout the sub-project cycle. The CDD application will be customized to reflect the institutional arrangements and enhance two-way communication between communities and the Government. The tool will be gradually rolled out to ensure a simple user experience, and any needed modifications will be made before their scale - up. The use of simple digital solutions is expected to strengthen the project \u2019 s community-centered approach by ensuring a regular flow of information; providing guidance throughout different stages of the subproject; as well as enhancing transparency on subproject approvals, available funding allocations, community needs, and financed investments. The CDD application will advance social inclusion objectives by tracking the needs and aspirations of different groups as recorded through focus group discussions, highlighting when their preferences are matched with actual investments. Collected data will also feed into and draw from the KMP. The CDD application will enable community-based monitoring of climactic events and inform local planning processes with climate risk maps. The project will finance servers, training activities, and smartphones for CEC \u2019 s and community mobilizers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 171, + 178, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will support digital innovations to support the community-centered approach, strengthen CBOs and facilitate access to digital advisory services for farmers: o CDD App: The community-centered approach will be supported by a simple and innovative CDD application which will be introduced to support communities, facilitators, and local government engagement throughout the sub-project cycle. The CDD application will be customized to reflect the institutional arrangements and enhance two-way communication between communities and the Government.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD App is described as a tool to support community engagement and communication, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a tool to support community engagement", + "focus on functionality rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'CDD App' is clearly described as an application designed to facilitate engagement and communication between communities and local government. The text emphasizes its role in supporting community-centered approaches and enhancing communication, which points towards its function as a tool rather than a dataset. The lack of mention of data collection, storage, or analysis further reinforces this interpretation. Given that the text does not present the CDD App as a repository of structured records or as a source of data for research, it should not be classified as a dataset. A model might have been confused due to the formal name of the app, which resembles the naming conventions of datasets or software that often encompass data-related functions, but here it simply serves a supportive role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The CDD App is not a dataset in this context because it is described as a tool for community engagement rather than a collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 28, + "text": "The project will support digital innovations to support the community-centered approach, strengthen CBOs and facilitate access to digital advisory services for farmers: o CDD App: The community-centered approach will be supported by a simple and innovative CDD application which will be introduced to support communities, facilitators, and local government engagement throughout the sub-project cycle. The CDD application will be customized to reflect the institutional arrangements and enhance two-way communication between communities and the Government. The tool will be gradually rolled out to ensure a simple user experience, and any needed modifications will be made before their scale - up. The use of simple digital solutions is expected to strengthen the project \u2019 s community-centered approach by ensuring a regular flow of information; providing guidance throughout different stages of the subproject; as well as enhancing transparency on subproject approvals, available funding allocations, community needs, and financed investments. The CDD application will advance social inclusion objectives by tracking the needs and aspirations of different groups as recorded through focus group discussions, highlighting when their preferences are matched with actual investments. Collected data will also feed into and draw from the KMP. The CDD application will enable community-based monitoring of climactic events and inform local planning processes with climate risk maps. The project will finance servers, training activities, and smartphones for CEC \u2019 s and community mobilizers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1336, + 1339, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The CDD application will advance social inclusion objectives by tracking the needs and aspirations of different groups as recorded through focus group discussions, highlighting when their preferences are matched with actual investments. Collected data will also feed into and draw from the KMP. The CDD application will enable community-based monitoring of climactic events and inform local planning processes with climate risk maps.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "KMP appears to refer to a program or initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as feeding into and drawing from", + "described in relation to a broader application", + "no direct reference to structured data or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KMP' does not appear as a standalone dataset but rather as a component or system associated with the CDD application. The phrase 'will also feed into and draw from the KMP' implies that KMP may involve some form of data use, yet it does not present itself as a distinct collection of data. My evaluation hinges on the absence of explicit description treating KMP as a dataset. Instead, it serves more as a reference to either a management information system or a program that aggregates, processes, or oversees data from various sources. The mention also includes phrases that indicate an ongoing interaction with a broader application and is tied to specific community needs, suggesting an operational or infrastructural role rather than a dataset role. A potential source of confusion for models could be its capitalization, which may resemble a proper name of a dataset or system, and its proximity to terms indicating data collection, which could suggest it is a dataset when it's not explicitly identified as one.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "KMP is not treated as a dataset here because it functions more as a system or program that integrates data rather than a separate and structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 35, + "text": "As social cohesion is an important part and a higher-level objective that the project aims to contribute to, social cohesion related perception indicators will be designed and monitored through the project as well; while acknowledging that they will not form part of the project \u2019 s results framework ( as performance on social cohesion would not be attributable to only this project ), monitoring them will provide important information on the Casamance and could inform future research or operational responses in this regard. 78. Building on the innovative GIS based platform developed under PPDC, 23 the CEDP will further support deployment of a CDD app for real-time data collection and analysis which will enable project teams to use tools for in-field collection of structured digital data that automatically feed into a centralized M & E system and the Casamance Knowledge Management Platform. The integrated data will include key project indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and global positioning system coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information. Using these tools systematically allows the project to enhance the transparency and accuracy of M & E. C. Sustainability 79. Institutional sustainability. The CEDP will be implemented through existing institutions at the national, subnational, and local levels. The project will contribute to institutional sustainability by building the capacities of these 23 http: / / www. sig-ppdc. org /", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 650, + 657, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "78. Building on the innovative GIS based platform developed under PPDC, 23 the CEDP will further support deployment of a CDD app for real-time data collection and analysis which will enable project teams to use tools for in-field collection of structured digital data that automatically feed into a centralized M & E system and the Casamance Knowledge Management Platform. The integrated data will include key project indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and global positioning system coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The 'CDD app' refers to an application for data collection and analysis, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for data collection and analysis", + "mentioned in association with a centralized M & E system and knowledge management platform", + "not described as containing a concrete collection of records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'CDD app' in the provided context is clearly specified as an application designed for data collection and analysis. Unlike a dataset, which is typically a structured set of records or data entries, the term here refers to a system or tool that facilitates the gathering of data. While it does mention that project teams will use this application for real-time data collection, it does not indicate that 'CDD app' itself holds or constitutes interpreted data. Instead, it suggests that the app feeds into other systems like a Management Information System (M & E system) or the Casamance Knowledge Management Platform, which might hold the actual structured data. Therefore, while the model may have seen cues like 'real-time data collection' and 'centralized system' which can imply a data-related role, it is explicitly clear that the 'CDD app' serves as a data collection tool rather than a stored dataset. This distinction is crucial in evaluating the contextual meaning.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'CDD app' does not qualify as a dataset because it is identified as an application for collecting and analyzing data rather than a direct collection or repository of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 35, + "text": "As social cohesion is an important part and a higher-level objective that the project aims to contribute to, social cohesion related perception indicators will be designed and monitored through the project as well; while acknowledging that they will not form part of the project \u2019 s results framework ( as performance on social cohesion would not be attributable to only this project ), monitoring them will provide important information on the Casamance and could inform future research or operational responses in this regard. 78. Building on the innovative GIS based platform developed under PPDC, 23 the CEDP will further support deployment of a CDD app for real-time data collection and analysis which will enable project teams to use tools for in-field collection of structured digital data that automatically feed into a centralized M & E system and the Casamance Knowledge Management Platform. The integrated data will include key project indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and global positioning system coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information. Using these tools systematically allows the project to enhance the transparency and accuracy of M & E. C. Sustainability 79. Institutional sustainability. The CEDP will be implemented through existing institutions at the national, subnational, and local levels. The project will contribute to institutional sustainability by building the capacities of these 23 http: / / www. sig-ppdc. org /", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 861, + 900, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "78. Building on the innovative GIS based platform developed under PPDC, 23 the CEDP will further support deployment of a CDD app for real-time data collection and analysis which will enable project teams to use tools for in-field collection of structured digital data that automatically feed into a centralized M & E system and the Casamance Knowledge Management Platform. The integrated data will include key project indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and global positioning system coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Casamance Knowledge Management Platform is a tool for managing information and data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system and tool for managing information", + "described as a platform rather than a structured dataset", + "integrated system that feeds data rather than data source itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Casamance Knowledge Management Platform' clearly functions as a management information system or a platform designed to manage and integrate data rather than being a standalone dataset of structured records. The context indicates that it supports data collection and analysis as part of a broader project, with an emphasis on feeding data into a centralized monitoring and evaluation (M & E) system. It is not directly described as a source of structured data (i.e., 'contains datasets'), but as a platform that packages and manages information. A model could have confused this term as a dataset due to its capitalized format, placement in the context of data use, and association with data collection; however, the explicit function as a tool for integrating rather than providing data distinguishes it from being classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Casamance Knowledge Management Platform is identified as a management information system or tool that organizes and integrates data rather than representing a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "To allow for informed beneficiary feedback, the citizen engagement interventions will be supported by sequenced communication actions through local radios and traditional community communication channels to disclose information and keep communities informed on the project progress and key information. The communication messaging will also inform the GRM procedures as well as the uptake locations and timeframe of resolutions. The project will support the development and strengthening of the CDD app to provide access to information on all interventions to a broader audience and support the project \u2019 s community-centered approach. The strengthening of social cohesion and community resilience in Casamance are the main objectives of the project through a multidimensional and inclusive approach. Citizen engagement will be captured in the result framework through monitoring Grievances received and addressed in the determined timeframe - % \u201c. In order to count for a CE mechanism the satisfaction survey has to be done at the latest by project midterm so that the feedback can be taken into account in the remaining project interventions. 100. Gender and youth sensitive interventions. To address stark gender and youth inequalities, the project has integrated gender - and youth-sensitive interventions into the project components through actively boosting their roles in public life and community decision making by supporting their participation in local development processes, empowering them to identify and prioritize investments, engaging them actively in local dialogues and social cohesion events under Component 1. In response to gender and youth-based disparities in economic opportunities and climate vulnerability, CEDP will target women and youth through a multi-faceted approach of livelihood, agribusiness, and labor-intensive activities ( through for example rural road maintenance ). Increasing women and youth \u2019 s roles in public life and decision making will be supported by women and youth \u2019 s participation in community", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 495, + 502, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The communication messaging will also inform the GRM procedures as well as the uptake locations and timeframe of resolutions. The project will support the development and strengthening of the CDD app to provide access to information on all interventions to a broader audience and support the project \u2019 s community-centered approach. The strengthening of social cohesion and community resilience in Casamance are the main objectives of the project through a multidimensional and inclusive approach.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD app is a tool designed to provide access to information on interventions, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an app for providing information", + "described in the context of project support", + "no structured dataset or records implied" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'CDD app' is described as a tool aimed at providing access to information regarding interventions, which suggests its primary function is as a platform for information dissemination rather than a repository of structured data itself. The phrase 'support the development and strengthening of the CDD app' indicates that it is considered an initiative within the project framework rather than an instance of a dataset that can be analyzed or utilized as raw data. Additionally, it is not positioned alongside other known datasets, nor is it stated to contain records or indicators that could qualify it as a dataset. Instead, the emphasis is on its role within a project aimed at enhancing community engagement and resilience, which points away from it being treated as a dataset. A model might have been confused here because 'CDD app' is capitalized and could appear as a named source, but contextually it lacks the specificity and functionality associated with datasets used in analyses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CDD app' is identified as a tool designed to provide information but does not constitute a structured dataset suitable for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Senegal, Casamance Economic Development Project ( P175325 ) Page 38 of 72 engagement processes supported under Component 1. Strengthening local governance and enhancing access to local services for improved inclusion and resilience, the socio-economic empowerment will be supported through local capacity building, inclusive targeting and linking women and youth to tailored and relevant socio-economic resources under Components 1 and 3. Finally, through consulting women and girls on their local transportation needs and the movement restrictions they may face, the project will seek to design the connectivity component in a way that accounts for these needs and barriers, thus increasing women \u2019 s access both to services and markets under Component 2. Finally, gaps in women \u2019 s agency and voice will be addressed through leadership development and the promotion of GBV prevention and mitigation measures and response mechanisms. 101. Gender tag results chain. Although this project has many activities to address gender, for the gender tag, the project \u2019 s theory of change addresses the issues of women being constrained from using health services due to a lack of time and distance. To illustrate, a 2011 Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey found that survey only 45 percent of births in Casamance are attended by trained personnel, leaving women more exposed to maternal mortality or birth complications.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1228, + 1296, + "named" + ], + [ + 24, + 33, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 362, + 367, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 482, + 487, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1124, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1223, + 1227, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1228, + 1235, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1397, + 1402, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although this project has many activities to address gender, for the gender tag, the project \u2019 s theory of change addresses the issues of women being constrained from using health services due to a lack of time and distance. To illustrate, a 2011 Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey found that survey only 45 percent of births in Casamance are attended by trained personnel, leaving women more exposed to maternal mortality or birth complications.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data from a survey that provides demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018found that\u2019 indicating results from a survey", + "described as a survey with demographic and health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term refers directly to a survey that provides valuable demographic and health data. The phrase \u2018found that\u2019 strongly indicates that the survey's results are being referenced as concrete data that informs the project's analysis regarding health service accessibility. The specific mention of indicators in the context of maternal health further solidifies its role as a dataset, as it produces structured data essential for informing the project\u2019s theory of change. While there is a potential for confusion with project names or systems, the clear reference to measurable outcomes from a survey makes it indefinably a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to an actual survey that provides structured demographic and health data, confirming its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The proposed project aims at contributing to improve overall access to maternal health for selected rural communities, by investing in all-weather roads access and strengthening the resilience of the secondary and tertiary road network. These investments are expected to bring about significant improvements in women \u2019 s and infant physical access to health facilities, and in the long-run could induce significant productivity gains for affected communities. The project will measure this by having an indicator in the results framework that measures the increase in the number of women who can access health services within 60 minutes in select project areas, with an expected end target of 60, 000 women. 102. Grievance Redress Mechanism ( GRM ). The CEDP is built on the PPDC project which had a strong GRM. The CEDP prepared a GRM in SEP and in LMP for workers where specific SEA / SH sensitive procedures are prepared. The SEP and the LMP were disclosed at World Bank and in country and will be implemented including the ethical treatment and resolution of complaints proportionate to the potential risks and negative impacts of the project. The project has established a structured approach to stakeholder \u2019 s access to information on GRM procedures including uptake and timeframe for resolution and feedback. The project \u2019 s GRM will be structured around transparent procedures that will be informed by regular consultations considering excluded groups, women and girls to ensure accessibility and a timely resolution and feedback to complainants. The CDD app will also offer GRM functionalities for submitting complaints and tracking their resolution. A the PIU is on board and some activities of the PPA will be implemented soon, the team are working to operationalize the CEDP build on the PPDC lesson learnt and engagement with communities. The CEC will be fully implicated in the process of operationalization and divulgation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1560, + 1567, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project \u2019 s GRM will be structured around transparent procedures that will be informed by regular consultations considering excluded groups, women and girls to ensure accessibility and a timely resolution and feedback to complainants. The CDD app will also offer GRM functionalities for submitting complaints and tracking their resolution. A the PIU is on board and some activities of the PPA will be implemented soon, the team are working to operationalize the CEDP build on the PPDC lesson learnt and engagement with communities.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD app refers to an application that offers functionalities for submitting complaints and tracking their resolution, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an app providing functionalities", + "described as a tool for complaint tracking", + "not referred to as a data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'CDD app' is explicitly identified as an application that serves specific functionalities, namely submitting complaints and tracking their resolutions. The language used (e.g., 'will also offer GRM functionalities') clearly indicates that the CDD app acts as a user interface or tool rather than a structured dataset. The absence of phrases such as 'uses data from CDD app' or 'contains records' further reinforces this view. While the model may have identified it as potentially relevant due to its capitalized nature and its association with processes that involve data (i.e., grievance redressal), these clues do not qualify it as a dataset per se. There is a risk of confusion as it sounds comprehensive and functional, but overall, it is better categorized as an information system providing a service rather than a repository of data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The CDD app is not a dataset in this context because it functions as an application for managing complaints rather than representing a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 66, + "text": "The project will address climate resilience by: - Investing in community resilience, which entails targeting of investments in climate vulnerable communities, integrating a climate filter in participatory needs assessments and local planning and screening and prioritizing of investments that are climate smart and adapted, as well as activities that promote climate resilience; and rehabilitation and maintenance of infrastructure will integrate climate - resilient design practices; - Building capacity for community resilience, through raising community awareness on climate change risks and providing technical assistance and capacity building of key stakeholders on climate dimensions; - Building the knowledge base on climate change, which involves data collection, analysis and enhanced knowledge on climate change risks and trends in Casamance, supporting research studies on climate change towards policy action, climate diagnostics ( using the CDD app ) for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning, and engaging communities in collecting climate data ( using the CDD app ) and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 954, + 961, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will address climate resilience by: - Investing in community resilience, which entails targeting of investments in climate vulnerable communities, integrating a climate filter in participatory needs assessments and local planning and screening and prioritizing of investments that are climate smart and adapted, as well as activities that promote climate resilience; and rehabilitation and maintenance of infrastructure will integrate climate - resilient design practices; - Building capacity for community resilience, through raising community awareness on climate change risks and providing technical assistance and capacity building of key stakeholders on climate dimensions; - Building the knowledge base on climate change, which involves data collection, analysis and enhanced knowledge on climate change risks and trends in Casamance, supporting research studies on climate change towards policy action, climate diagnostics ( using the CDD app ) for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning, and engaging communities in collecting climate data ( using the CDD app ) and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD app is an application used for climate diagnostics and community engagement, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for climate diagnostics", + "mentioned as an application used for community engagement", + "referred to as an app rather than a structured data source", + "not explicitly stated as a dataset or collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'CDD app' is clearly identified as an application designed for climate diagnostics and community engagement rather than a dataset. The text refers to the app being used by community facilitators for local development planning and engaging the community in collecting climate data. Although the app might facilitate the collection and storage of data, it is fundamentally a tool or platform rather than the actual dataset itself. The presence of phrases like 'using the CDD app' indicates its role as a medium for data collection, but without explicitly stating that it is a collection of data, it cannot be classified as a dataset. A model might confuse it as a dataset due to the phrasing used, which frames the app within a context of data utilization, yet it lacks direct attribution as a structured data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The CDD app is a tool used for climate diagnostics and community engagement and is not a dataset itself. It serves as a means for collecting and analyzing data rather than being a structured collection of records." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 66, + "text": "The project will address climate resilience by: - Investing in community resilience, which entails targeting of investments in climate vulnerable communities, integrating a climate filter in participatory needs assessments and local planning and screening and prioritizing of investments that are climate smart and adapted, as well as activities that promote climate resilience; and rehabilitation and maintenance of infrastructure will integrate climate - resilient design practices; - Building capacity for community resilience, through raising community awareness on climate change risks and providing technical assistance and capacity building of key stakeholders on climate dimensions; - Building the knowledge base on climate change, which involves data collection, analysis and enhanced knowledge on climate change risks and trends in Casamance, supporting research studies on climate change towards policy action, climate diagnostics ( using the CDD app ) for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning, and engaging communities in collecting climate data ( using the CDD app ) and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1111, + 1118, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will address climate resilience by: - Investing in community resilience, which entails targeting of investments in climate vulnerable communities, integrating a climate filter in participatory needs assessments and local planning and screening and prioritizing of investments that are climate smart and adapted, as well as activities that promote climate resilience; and rehabilitation and maintenance of infrastructure will integrate climate - resilient design practices; - Building capacity for community resilience, through raising community awareness on climate change risks and providing technical assistance and capacity building of key stakeholders on climate dimensions; - Building the knowledge base on climate change, which involves data collection, analysis and enhanced knowledge on climate change risks and trends in Casamance, supporting research studies on climate change towards policy action, climate diagnostics ( using the CDD app ) for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning, and engaging communities in collecting climate data ( using the CDD app ) and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD app is an application used for climate diagnostics and community engagement, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an application for climate diagnostics", + "mentioned used for engaging communities in data collection and monitoring", + "not explicitly stated as a structured data source or database" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'CDD app' refers to a specific application designed to aid in the processes of climate diagnostics and community engagement rather than a dataset of structured records. The text describes the app's functionality, such as supporting community facilitators and collecting climate data, but it does not present it as a repository of data itself. It is implied that the app is a tool that facilitates various activities related to data collection and analysis, marking it more as a platform or method of engagement rather than a concrete dataset. The confusion may arise as the term comes after phrases like 'using the CDD app' and is related to data collection. However, without explicit indications that this app serves as a primary source of organized data outputs, it cannot be classified simply as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CDD app' is not a dataset in this context; it is an application used for conducting climate diagnostics and engaging with communities rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "Key responsibilities of the community mobilizers will include ( a ) providing capacity support to communities to carry out ( i ) community diagnostic and mapping processes; ( ii ) facilitation of planning processes in a conflict-sensitive, climate-informed and inclusive manner ( including for women, youth, and people with disabilities ); ( iii ) participatory M & E including community monitoring, social audit, GRMs, and climate monitoring to feed into the KMP; and ( b ) activities on exclusionary social norms. The FPs will work closely with the ARDs who will be providing support to the communes to prepare, update and implement the LDPs and the agencies planning and implementing the structural sub-projects. 11. Leveraging Digital Tools. To support the implementation of the community centered approach throughout the sub-project cycle, the project will introduce the use of innovative digital tools ( CDD app ) for community mobilizers, CECs and communal authorities. The tool will enhance two-way communication between communities and government.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 910, + 917, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Leveraging Digital Tools. To support the implementation of the community centered approach throughout the sub-project cycle, the project will introduce the use of innovative digital tools ( CDD app ) for community mobilizers, CECs and communal authorities. The tool will enhance two-way communication between communities and government.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The CDD app is a digital tool designed to enhance communication and support community mobilization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a digital tool", + "not described as containing structured data", + "focus on enhancing communication rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the term 'CDD app' is characterized distinctly as a digital tool designed to improve communication within a community context. It does not appear to refer to a dataset that aggregates or stores structured records or data. The phrase emphasizes its function in facilitating two-way communication and supporting community mobilization rather than functioning as a source of data for analysis. While it may have data-related functionalities, the primary description hinges on its role as a tool rather than as a repository or source of data. This distinction is crucial in understanding why it should not be classified as a dataset. The model might have been inclined to classify it as a dataset due to its capitalized status and the potential confusion surrounding digital tools that often incorporate data management features, thus misleadingly suggesting they might be viewed as datasets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CDD app' is primarily characterized as a communication tool rather than a structured data collection source; therefore, it does not qualify as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "Specifically, it will include six core functions: ( a ) e-learning, including instructional material with concrete guidance for CECs, facilitators, and communal authorities on their role at different stages of the annual investment cycles, ( b ) participatory diagnostics, designed to support the mapping of available infrastructure and services and document prioritized needs by different groups, ( c ) sub-project cycle, connected to the project MIS, which allows to submit agreed investment proposal, track approvals, and monitor implementation, ( d ) community pulse surveys, consisting of high-frequency or on demand surveys to gain regular community insights to help project implementation, ( e ) community scorecards to allow citizens to assess sub-projects, and ( f ) a GRM through multiple channels ( analogue, feature phones, smartphones, web form ) for citizens to voice complaints, concerns or provide feedback on project activities. Collected data will also feed into the publicly accessible Casamance Knowledge Management Platform developed under the Component 4, to inform dialogue among practitioners, policymakers and the public. The deployment of these tools will take into consideration connectivity and literacy constraints.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1005, + 1044, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Specifically, it will include six core functions: ( a ) e-learning, including instructional material with concrete guidance for CECs, facilitators, and communal authorities on their role at different stages of the annual investment cycles, ( b ) participatory diagnostics, designed to support the mapping of available infrastructure and services and document prioritized needs by different groups, ( c ) sub-project cycle, connected to the project MIS, which allows to submit agreed investment proposal, track approvals, and monitor implementation, ( d ) community pulse surveys, consisting of high-frequency or on demand surveys to gain regular community insights to help project implementation, ( e ) community scorecards to allow citizens to assess sub-projects, and ( f ) a GRM through multiple channels ( analogue, feature phones, smartphones, web form ) for citizens to voice complaints, concerns or provide feedback on project activities. Collected data will also feed into the publicly accessible Casamance Knowledge Management Platform developed under the Component 4, to inform dialogue among practitioners, policymakers and the public. The deployment of these tools will take into consideration connectivity and literacy constraints.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Casamance Knowledge Management Platform is a tool for managing knowledge and facilitating dialogue, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management platform not explicitly as a data source", + "mentions of tools and functions rather than data collection or structured records", + "collected data will feed into this platform as part of a broader process" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, the 'Casamance Knowledge Management Platform' is framed within a context that details various functions and tools associated with it, without clearly identifying it as a direct dataset. The text emphasizes actions like e-learning and community engagement, presenting the platform as a vehicle for dialogue and interaction, not merely a repository of data. While the mention of 'collected data will also feed into' might suggest it receiving data, this indicates it's a component of a larger knowledge management framework rather than a standalone dataset. Moreover, it aligns more closely with being a management information system (MIS) and not a simple data source. Models may confuse such terms as datasets, especially given the use of the phrase 'collect data' and its capitalized form, which can imply proper noun status. However, the lack of emphasis on structured records situates it more as a project/tool than a dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Casamance Knowledge Management Platform' functions as a tool for managing knowledge and facilitating exchanges, rather than serving as a standalone dataset. It is positioned within a framework of tools for project implementation, which detaches it from the notion of a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 70, + "text": "The World Bank Senegal, Casamance Economic Development Project ( P175325 ) Page 66 of 72 Annex 6: CEPD \u2019 s Gender-sensitive Approach Gap: Women are constrained from using health services due to lack of time and distance 1. Analysis: Although this project has many activities to address gender gaps further detailed in this annex, for the gender tag, the project \u2019 s theory of change addresses the issues of women being constrained from using health services due to a lack of time and distance. To illustrate, a 2011 Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey found that survey only 45 percent of births in Casamance are attended by trained personnel, leaving women more exposed to maternal mortality or birth complications. The survey also found that the primary barriers for accessing health services cited by women was distance of health facility ( 62 percent and 59 percent of women in Sedhiou and Kolda respectively ) and expenses ( 62 percent and 58 percent in Sedhiou and Ziguinchor respectively ) this is followed closely by social norms where women require permission to access health services or fear going alone. 29 These issues have continued with the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 516, + 584, + "named" + ], + [ + 24, + 33, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 138, + 143, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 407, + 412, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 511, + 515, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 632, + 641, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 685, + 690, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 837, + 842, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 847, + 874, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 906, + 911, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 915, + 922, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 927, + 932, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 992, + 999, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1004, + 1014, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1077, + 1082, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1248, + 1266, + "Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Analysis: Although this project has many activities to address gender gaps further detailed in this annex, for the gender tag, the project \u2019 s theory of change addresses the issues of women being constrained from using health services due to a lack of time and distance. To illustrate, a 2011 Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey found that survey only 45 percent of births in Casamance are attended by trained personnel, leaving women more exposed to maternal mortality or birth complications. The survey also found that the primary barriers for accessing health services cited by women was distance of health facility ( 62 percent and 59 percent of women in Sedhiou and Kolda respectively ) and expenses ( 62 percent and 58 percent in Sedhiou and Ziguinchor respectively ) this is followed closely by social norms where women require permission to access health services or fear going alone.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey, which is used for research and analysis regarding health indicators in Senegal.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a description of findings from a survey", + "describes survey results that provide quantitative data", + "explicitly mentions the survey as a source of statistics", + "used in an analytical context to illustrate health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' clearly functions as a dataset. It is referenced in a meaningful way, directly linked to specific findings and quantitative results within the analysis. The survey is identified as a data source that informs the discussion regarding health service accessibility among women in Senegal. Here, the phrase 'found that' indicates the dataset\u2019s role in yielding structured data retrieved from survey responses, making it a clear dataset use case. Despite having a lengthy name that could imply a project or system, the usage here focuses entirely on the collected data and its implications rather than on any infrastructure or tool, leading to less potential confusion for models.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term is treated as a dataset in this context because it is presented as a source of specific survey results that provide quantitative health data. The focus is on the survey findings rather than on any project or system aspect, confirming it as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 71, + "text": "participation of women in local decision - making bodies GAP Access to services: Gaps in access to services and markets due to distance and socio-economic barriers Organizing consultations with women and girls to gather their specific needs in terms of access to services and markets Number of consultations conducted with women and girls to gather their specific needs for access to services and markets Availability of specific needs analysis reports on access to services and markets Development of awareness - raising activities among community leaders that promote women ' s access to services and markets % of women and girls reporting fewer barriers to accessing services and markets compared to baseline Improved access to services and markets for women and girls Production facilities in identified strategic value chains ( e. g., small buildings, production centers, workshops, processing facilities, etc. ) Number of production facilities in strategic value chains The net income of women and girls has increased significantly from the baseline GAP Control of Assets Gaps in land ownership and management Networking of women in order to benefit from support, primarily access to land and water Number of women ' s networks created and supported in terms of land - Improved land access rates for women and youth ( M / F ) - Reduced gaps in land ownership and management by women and girls 29 Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la D\u00e9mographie ( ANSD ) [ Senegal ], and ICF International. 2012. Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ( EDS-MICS ) 2010-2011. Rockville, Maryland, USA: ANSD and ICF International.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1544, + 1577, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 199, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 570, + 575, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 621, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1306, + 1311, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1460, + 1464, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1469, + 1476, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1484, + 1501, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1503, + 1507, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1509, + 1516, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1591, + 1600, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1602, + 1626, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1628, + 1632, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1654, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2012. Senegal Demographic and Health and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ( EDS-MICS ) 2010-2011. Rockville, Maryland, USA: ANSD and ICF International.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically focusing on demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "listed with specific names and dates indicating structured records", + "context suggests it serves as a vehicle for collecting health and demographic data", + "title format indicates it is a formal survey with designated data collection purpose" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' (MICS) appears as a formalized survey that captures multiple health and demographic indicators, aligning with its established purpose in research. The mention of the year and additional information (such as geographical context) indicates that it is being referred to in a scholarly or analytical framework, likely treating it as a dataset due to its role in data collection. The context does not suggest that the MICS is merely an infrastructure or a management information system, but rather emphasizes its function as a coherent collection of information for analysis. It aligns with characteristics typically seen in datasets, rather than functioning solely as a project or program name. The model may have been confused by the term being somewhat similar to project names, but the detailed context strongly supports the notion that it is indeed a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' is classified as a dataset here because it explicitly serves as a structured collection of data intended for analysis on health and demographic indicators, rather than just a project name or information system." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "There will also be capacity building of local market stakeholders, government officials and technical partners to support local communities and local market stakeholders to gain knowledge and adopt agricultural, business or natural resource management practices that improve resiliency to climate change, such as efficient water use and use of climate smart practices. Area 3: Building the knowledge base on climate change 7. Data and enhanced knowledge on climate change risks and trends in Casamance Regional data on climate change and vulnerability will be collected and analyzed under the Casamance KMP. Support will also be provided to establish a multi-disciplinary Observatory for Sustainable Development of the Casamance hosted by the Assane Seck University in Ziguinchor. 8. Supporting research studies on climate change towards policy action The project will not only consolidate existing studies on climate change risks through the research catalogue of the KMP; it will also fund policy-relevant research studies through the Observatory to improve understanding of FCV and climate dynamics in the Casamance, so as to better inform policy for climate action, as well as climate sensitive project implementation. This would include providing research grants for studies on natural resources and climate change ( including the climate change \u2013 security nexus ). 9. Climate diagnostics for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning The CDD app will furnish community mobilizers with local climate diagnostics at the commune level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1480, + 1487, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "9. Climate diagnostics for Community Facilitators to promote climate-informed local development planning The CDD app will furnish community mobilizers with local climate diagnostics at the commune level.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD app is an application designed to provide local climate diagnostics, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as an application, not as a direct data source", + "described as providing local climate diagnostics", + "does not indicate structured records or statistics", + "project or tool context rather than a dataset context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'CDD app' is characterized as an application or tool that provides climate diagnostics rather than as a dataset that contains structured data for analysis. The phrase emphasizes its role in assisting community mobilizers, which indicates that it serves a functional purpose rather than serving as a repository of data itself. The lack of descriptive language associated with datasets (e.g., structured records or statistics) further supports that it is not being used as a dataset here. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of 'CDD app', which resembles common naming conventions for datasets, and the terminology could imply data functionality, but without explicit indication of data structure or storage, it is better categorized as a project or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CDD app' is not a dataset in this context, as it is referred to as an application that provides information, lacking any designation as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "The climate diagnostic will consolidate existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility and hazard risks from the KMP - presented and / or visualized in a manner that is adapted / simplified for local actors. Beyond diagnostics, the app would also provide key tasks to orient local actions that can support climate planning ( i. e. mapping community experiences with climate risks, facilitating climate screening of sub-project proposals, providing illustrative list of potential investments given existing climate risks, etc. ) Based on the diagnostic and communities \u2019 own knowledge and risk management strategies, communities will prioritize climate smart investments or local climate actions with facilitation and technical support of community facilitators. This will help incorporate climate considerations into LDPs, which could include prioritizing adaptation activities ( like flood control structures ) for expected changes in temperature, rainfall, storm surge, and sea level rise. 10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards. Community representatives will also have the opportunity share local knowledge and experiences.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 131, + 134, + "named" + ], + [ + 212, + 224, + "KMP <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The climate diagnostic will consolidate existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility and hazard risks from the KMP - presented and / or visualized in a manner that is adapted / simplified for local actors. Beyond diagnostics, the app would also provide key tasks to orient local actions that can support climate planning ( i.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The KMP refers to a database that consolidates existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility, and hazard risks, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of 'existing data on socio-economic vulnerability'", + "described as a climate diagnostic that consolidates data", + "more indicative of a project or a tool rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KMP' appears to refer to a project or system that organizes and presents data for analysis, rather than being a singular dataset itself. The phrase 'consolidate existing data' suggests that KMP serves as a conceptual framework or management tool to gather, visualize, and simplify information sourced from various datasets. This understanding leads me to view KMP not merely as a dataset, but as an infrastructure intended to enhance the accessibility and application of the underlying data. The model may have confused 'KMP' as a dataset because it follows a description of data and terminology commonly associated with data analysis, combined with its capitalization suggesting a proper noun. However, there is a lack of explicit indication that KMP is a distinct dataset; instead, it operates more as a platform or project that involves the use of multiple datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'KMP' is not treated as a dataset but as a project or system designed to consolidate and visualize data from various sources." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "The climate diagnostic will consolidate existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility and hazard risks from the KMP - presented and / or visualized in a manner that is adapted / simplified for local actors. Beyond diagnostics, the app would also provide key tasks to orient local actions that can support climate planning ( i. e. mapping community experiences with climate risks, facilitating climate screening of sub-project proposals, providing illustrative list of potential investments given existing climate risks, etc. ) Based on the diagnostic and communities \u2019 own knowledge and risk management strategies, communities will prioritize climate smart investments or local climate actions with facilitation and technical support of community facilitators. This will help incorporate climate considerations into LDPs, which could include prioritizing adaptation activities ( like flood control structures ) for expected changes in temperature, rainfall, storm surge, and sea level rise. 10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards. Community representatives will also have the opportunity share local knowledge and experiences.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1100, + 1103, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "The CDD refers to an application designed to support the collection of local data on climate risks, rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an application for collecting data", + "emphasizes support for participatory assessments", + "not enumerated alongside clear datasets", + "the term does not suggest a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'CDD' is mentioned in conjunction with a description of its role as an application that supports the collection of local data on climate risks. Although it offers tools for data collection, it does not operate as a structured dataset itself. The terms used (like 'application' and 'support') indicate that it is a facilitative tool rather than a concrete repository of data. The model could be confused due to the capitalized nature of 'CDD', suggesting a proper noun associated with information management, and the mention of data collection, which might imply a close relationship with datasets. However, the lack of enumeration with established data sources and the focus on its application role clarifies that it should be treated as a system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The CDD refers to an application designed to help collect climate data and is not a structured dataset itself, thus it is classified as not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "The climate diagnostic will consolidate existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility and hazard risks from the KMP - presented and / or visualized in a manner that is adapted / simplified for local actors. Beyond diagnostics, the app would also provide key tasks to orient local actions that can support climate planning ( i. e. mapping community experiences with climate risks, facilitating climate screening of sub-project proposals, providing illustrative list of potential investments given existing climate risks, etc. ) Based on the diagnostic and communities \u2019 own knowledge and risk management strategies, communities will prioritize climate smart investments or local climate actions with facilitation and technical support of community facilitators. This will help incorporate climate considerations into LDPs, which could include prioritizing adaptation activities ( like flood control structures ) for expected changes in temperature, rainfall, storm surge, and sea level rise. 10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards. Community representatives will also have the opportunity share local knowledge and experiences.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1120, + 1123, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "CDD refers to an application designed to support the collection of local data on climate risks, rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an application", + "not treated as a data source", + "supports data collection rather than being a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CDD' is clearly referenced as an application designed to assist communities in collecting climate data rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The phrase indicates that it serves as a tool or system which aids in the collection and management of climate-related data. Although there is mention of 'local data', the focus is on the functioning of CDD as a supportive application, rather than as a storage or structured source of data. This distinction is important and often leads to confusion, particularly when the term appears alongside discussions of data collection. The application's name is capitalized, which could suggest to a model that it is a dataset or data source when, in fact, it is more aligned with being a mechanism or platform for data gathering. There are no indications in the text that CDD serves as a single, defined dataset; instead, it acts as a facilitator for capturing data that is ultimately stored in another database (the KMP database).", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'CDD' refers to an application that supports data collection, not a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "035_Senegal-Casamance-Economic-Development-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "The climate diagnostic will consolidate existing data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility and hazard risks from the KMP - presented and / or visualized in a manner that is adapted / simplified for local actors. Beyond diagnostics, the app would also provide key tasks to orient local actions that can support climate planning ( i. e. mapping community experiences with climate risks, facilitating climate screening of sub-project proposals, providing illustrative list of potential investments given existing climate risks, etc. ) Based on the diagnostic and communities \u2019 own knowledge and risk management strategies, communities will prioritize climate smart investments or local climate actions with facilitation and technical support of community facilitators. This will help incorporate climate considerations into LDPs, which could include prioritizing adaptation activities ( like flood control structures ) for expected changes in temperature, rainfall, storm surge, and sea level rise. 10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards. Community representatives will also have the opportunity share local knowledge and experiences.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1291, + 1303, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 22, + "KMP database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "10. Engaging communities in collecting climate data and monitoring climate risks with the CDD application The CDD application will advance regional knowledge on climate change by supporting the collection of local data on climate risks and indicators which will feed back into the KMP database, to inform regional dialogue. With the support of community facilitators, the community could be involved in participatory climate risk assessments to help identify, estimate, map, and monitor climate change risks and other hazards.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The KMP database is a structured collection of data on socio-economic vulnerability, climate fragility, and hazard risks, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in conjunction with the CDD application", + "described as a database but not explicitly as a primary data source", + "implies infrastructure for managing data rather than raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'KMP database' is not presented as a direct data source but rather as a repository that supports the data collection efforts of the CDD application. The phrase 'to feed back into the KMP database' suggests that it acts as a tool or system that stores data gathered from community participation and assessments. There is no explicit mention of the KMP database as the primary source of structured records or specific datasets that inform the analysis. This leaves room for confusion, as it may appear to resemble a dataset due to its labeling and the mention of data collection. However, without clear usage as a data source, it should be categorized as part of the infrastructure rather than a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'KMP database' is better viewed as a management tool or system for collating data rather than a dataset itself because it is not described as a standalone source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The regional spillovers of this component are related to improved connectivity and integrity of natural resources across borders ( including biodiversity ), increased resilience of key regional infrastructure such as roads, and increased resilience and reduced fragility of natural resource management-based livelihoods of corridor communities. All four subcomponents are designed to enhance rural livelihoods through land - based restoration and / or conservation activities, as well as address climate variability and change. Approaches such as JFM and community-based tourism are relatively new in Tajikistan but offer pathways to broaden rural livelihood options while restoring productive natural resources. Support for integrated and community-based pasture management and climate-smart cropping practices will be opportunities to enhance the financial viability and sustainability of existing, more traditional livelihood strategies. Subcomponent 2. 1. Forest Restoration and Sustainable Forest Management ( US $ 15. 50 million ) 53. The expected outcome from this subcomponent is to restore degraded forests and improve management of existing forests through proper planning and implementation of activities such as afforestation and natural regeneration. The FA will lead on the technical aspects of this subcomponent, which includes the key activities detailed in the following paragraphs: 54. National Forest Inventory. The project will finance a national-level systematic NFI using a low sampling density. The NFI exercise will employ state-of-the art methodologies for conducting forest inventories, including geospatial and earth observation data. 55. Forest management plans. The project will finance the preparation and implementation of up to eight participatory sustainable forest management plans for SFMEs ( district - / region-based forest entities ) in the project sites. Preparation of the plans will build upon experience of earlier methods. 55 Based on these activities, 10-year plans will be elaborated, with measures and costs identified for sustainable forest management ( including JFM plans ) and KBAs and corresponding maps developed. Development of plans 55 Under the Kreditanstalt f\u00fcr Wiederaufbau ( KfW ) - supported project, \u2018 Climate Adaptation through Sustainable Forestry in Important River Catchment Areas in Tajikistan \u2019, a methodology for the preparation of participatory forest management plans for SFMEs has been developed. At present, only Khovaling SFME, a project site for KfW, has a such a plan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1404, + 1429, + "named" + ], + [ + 601, + 611, + "National Forest Inventory <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1270, + "National Forest Inventory <> author" + ], + [ + 1484, + 1487, + "National Forest Inventory <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1522, + 1525, + "National Forest Inventory <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1623, + 1660, + "National Forest Inventory <> data type" + ], + [ + 2348, + 2358, + "National Forest Inventory <> data geography" + ], + [ + 2519, + 2522, + "National Forest Inventory <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The FA will lead on the technical aspects of this subcomponent, which includes the key activities detailed in the following paragraphs: 54. National Forest Inventory. The project will finance a national-level systematic NFI using a low sampling density.", + "type": "inventory", + "explanation": "The National Forest Inventory is a systematic collection of data regarding forest conditions and resources, which is used for research and analysis in forest management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a national-level systematic NFI" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Forest Inventory' appears within a paragraph detailing project activities, indicating it is a project or initiative rather than a directly referenced dataset. The phrase 'systematic NFI' suggests a structured approach to collecting data, but it is not explicitly stated that the National Forest Inventory is a dataset that the FA is using for analysis. Instead, it appears that the project will finance this inventory, implying it is a broader initiative focused on data collection rather than a dataset in itself. The reference feels like it identifies a project aimed at generating data rather than presenting the dataset itself. A model might have been confused by the term's specific naming, which resembles a dataset title and is often associated with systematic data. However, without precise references to data records or statistics from the National Forest Inventory, treating it strictly as a dataset seems inaccurate in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Forest Inventory' is not treated as a dataset in this context as it is described more as a project focused on systematic data collection rather than a dataset explicitly containing data records." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion. 90. The M & E system of the project will comprise both performance and impact monitoring. The project M & E system will include both annual outcome and result targets as well as periodic evaluations of impact on land degradation, using the three LDN indicators, and households \u2019 socioeconomic factors that will be compared with baseline evaluations to be carried out by the CEP IT in Years 1 and 2. The project will make particular efforts to integrate participatory monitoring methods, using ongoing advances in digital tools and data collection, thus giving communities the potential for timely decision - making, wider sharing of results, and greater ownership of investments. The project will design and maintain a website for wider dissemination of the results and progress.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 195, + 240, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The term refers to a satellite instrument used for collecting data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "followed by 'using information from satellite imagery'", + "described as an instrument, not as a data source", + "not enumerated with datasets, rather cited in a methodology context for monitoring" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer' is identified as a satellite imaging instrument that collects data rather than a collection of data or a structured dataset. While it is involved in monitoring aspects of degradation using NDVI, the phrase used in the text ('with information from satellite imagery') indicates that it provides input for analysis rather than being an inherently organized dataset. This might cause confusion for a model because the term is capitalized and resembles a proper name, which often indicates a dataset or defined source. However, upon examining the surrounding phrases closely, it is clear that it functions as an instrumental source rather than a dataset itself. Therefore, the distinction here is that the satellite instrument serves as a means of data acquisition without being classified as a distinct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a satellite instrument that collects data but is not a structured dataset; it serves as a source of information rather than a dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion. 90. The M & E system of the project will comprise both performance and impact monitoring. The project M & E system will include both annual outcome and result targets as well as periodic evaluations of impact on land degradation, using the three LDN indicators, and households \u2019 socioeconomic factors that will be compared with baseline evaluations to be carried out by the CEP IT in Years 1 and 2. The project will make particular efforts to integrate participatory monitoring methods, using ongoing advances in digital tools and data collection, thus giving communities the potential for timely decision - making, wider sharing of results, and greater ownership of investments. The project will design and maintain a website for wider dissemination of the results and progress.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 335, + 342, + "named" + ], + [ + 92, + 130, + "Landsat <> data description" + ], + [ + 162, + 179, + "Landsat <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion.", + "type": "satellite imagery dataset", + "explanation": "Landsat refers to a series of satellite imagery datasets used for land cover monitoring and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as imagery", + "mentioned in the context of monitoring land cover" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Landsat' refers specifically to a series of satellite imagery datasets that are widely recognized and utilized for land cover monitoring and analysis. The surrounding text indicates that Landsat is mentioned with other forms of imagery, specifically in the context of monitoring aspects of degradation, which gives it a clear operational role as a data source rather than as a system or project. Although the term may evoke thoughts of an overarching program or project, such as the Landsat program itself, in this case, it is specified as a source for data collection, leading to the conclusion that it functions here as a dataset. The context emphasizes its use for producing images for land cover analysis which supports its classification as a dataset, thus the model may have accurately identified it as such due to these signals.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Landsat' is treated as a dataset for analyzing land cover due to its direct mention in the context of monitoring methodologies, reinforcing its role as a key data source." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion. 90. The M & E system of the project will comprise both performance and impact monitoring. The project M & E system will include both annual outcome and result targets as well as periodic evaluations of impact on land degradation, using the three LDN indicators, and households \u2019 socioeconomic factors that will be compared with baseline evaluations to be carried out by the CEP IT in Years 1 and 2. The project will make particular efforts to integrate participatory monitoring methods, using ongoing advances in digital tools and data collection, thus giving communities the potential for timely decision - making, wider sharing of results, and greater ownership of investments. The project will design and maintain a website for wider dissemination of the results and progress.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 347, + 363, + "named" + ], + [ + 162, + 179, + "Sentinel imagery <> data type" + ], + [ + 250, + 260, + "Sentinel imagery <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The methodology monitors three aspects of degradation: ( a ) net primary productivity using normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI ) with information from satellite imagery ( for example, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ); ( b ) land cover using either a representative area approach with high-resolution imagery, Landsat and Sentinel imagery, or globally produced datasets; and ( c ) soil organic carbon using field sampling. The UNCCD Secretariat will support the CEP to establish baselines for the above three aspects and repeat the measurements at project midterm and completion.", + "type": "satellite imagery", + "explanation": "Sentinel imagery refers to a collection of satellite data used for monitoring land cover and environmental changes, making it a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a source of high-resolution imagery" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'Sentinel imagery' is explicitly mentioned as part of the methodology for assessing land cover. It is listed alongside other sources of imagery, including 'Landsat', and within the phrase that suggests it can be actively utilized for monitoring land cover degradation. Given that Sentinel imagery refers to a specific set of satellite data, it fits the definition of a structured dataset that provides observational data on environmental factors. While the term could potentially cause confusion due to its more general usage (it could refer to imagery captured by a project or system), the explicit connection to data usage in assessing environmental conditions clarifies that it is a dataset in this instance. The capitalized format may also suggest a proper name, reinforcing the idea of a defined dataset rather than a vague system or tool. However, one could argue that it represents the output from a satellite system rather than a traditional dataset; yet, since it is described in a context that signifies its use for analysis and measurement, the conclusion remains that it is treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Sentinel imagery' is treated as a dataset since it is referenced as a source for specific measurements in an environmental study, fitting the criteria for a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "The World Bank RESILAND CA + Program: Tajikistan Resilient Landscape Restoration Project ( P171524 ) Page 53 of 104 agronomic, vegetative, structural, and management measures that, applied as a combination, increase the connectivity between protected areas, forest land, rangeland, and agriculture land. Management and Biodiversity Conservation: 102, 803 ha iv ) Sub-component 2. 4. Landscape Restoration and Livelihoods: 15, 000 ha Note: Not all area under management plan under IRIs in Component 2 is included under this PDO indicator; only the area where intensive management activities have been carried out is considered. People benefiting from landscape management practices This indicator measures the number of people in the project areas that benefit from the range of SLM practices that the project is able to implement. Benefits include monetary ( employment, income ) and non-monetary ( changes in aspects of well-being, and improved condition of Annual, and at mid-term and completion for non monetary Project reports, project MIS, Survey reports and data Periodic well-being surveys and case studies, aggregation of beneficiary data from component 2 M & E, data collection to be supported through digital methods such as Kobo Tool Box, Government statistics CEP IT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1235, + 1248, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "People benefiting from landscape management practices This indicator measures the number of people in the project areas that benefit from the range of SLM practices that the project is able to implement. Benefits include monetary ( employment, income ) and non-monetary ( changes in aspects of well-being, and improved condition of Annual, and at mid-term and completion for non monetary Project reports, project MIS, Survey reports and data Periodic well-being surveys and case studies, aggregation of beneficiary data from component 2 M & E, data collection to be supported through digital methods such as Kobo Tool Box, Government statistics CEP IT", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "Kobo Tool Box is a tool used for data collection, not a dataset itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as a tool for data collection, not a data source; mentioned alongside project reports and surveys; follows \u2018data collection to be supported through\u2019", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Kobo Tool Box' is presented as a digital method for data collection rather than as a concrete dataset itself. The phrase \u2018data collection to be supported through\u2019 indicates that it is meant to aid in gathering data rather than providing a finished or stand-alone dataset for analysis. It appears in a list with other sources like project reports and surveys, which strengthens the understanding that it serves as a means to an end, rather than being a data source itself. A model could have potentially confused this term for a dataset due to its capitalized name feeling similar to other datasets, and because it is mentioned in a context related to M&E (monitoring & evaluation) practices where data gathering is crucial. However, the critical distinction lies in recognizing it as a tool/platform rather than a dataset with structured records ready for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Kobo Tool Box is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a digital tool for data collection rather than a source of analyzed data." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 99, + "text": "In terms of mitigation co-benefits, this project outlines the NDC commitments and context in paragraphs 18 and 23 outlining how the project will support Tajikistan \u2019 s commitments on 1. 8 million tons of CO2 sequestered by forests by 2030 as per the updated NDC to GHG mitigation through investments in the forestry and agriculture sectors. The project \u2019 s contribution to GHG accounting has been carried out using the FAO \u2019 s EX-ACT. According to EX-ACT, specific settings were selected for the project, considering climate, moisture conditions, and the dominant soil type in the region across a period of 20 years. Emission reduction estimates come from ( a ) a wide range of reforestation activities across 8, 000 ha of target area leskhozes, while another 3, 900 ha would be covered by JFM approach, also for afforestation and reforestation; ( b ) 220 ha of land on which fuelwood plantations would 109 Loboda, T. V, L. Giglio, L. Boschetti, and C. O. Justice. 2012. \u201c Regional Fire Monitoring and Characterization Using Global NASA MODIS Fire Products in Dry Lands of Central Asia. \u201d Frontiers of Earth Science 6 ( 2 ): 196 \u2013 205. https: / / link. springer. com / article / 10. 1007 / s11707-012-0313-3. 110 Duulatov, E., X.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 427, + 433, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 million tons of CO2 sequestered by forests by 2030 as per the updated NDC to GHG mitigation through investments in the forestry and agriculture sectors. The project \u2019 s contribution to GHG accounting has been carried out using the FAO \u2019 s EX-ACT. According to EX-ACT, specific settings were selected for the project, considering climate, moisture conditions, and the dominant soil type in the region across a period of 20 years.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "EX-ACT is a tool used for GHG accounting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for GHG accounting", + "not explicitly stated as containing structured data", + "referred to in the context of a project", + "follows 'carried out using'", + "implied to guide analysis rather than provide data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EX-ACT' is presented as a tool for greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting. The phrases used ('carried out using', 'according to EX-ACT') suggest that it is primarily functioning as an analytical instrument rather than a source of structured data. While the text indicates the project uses EX-ACT, it does not imply that EX-ACT itself is the primary source of data; rather, it is used to analyze or guide the GHG accounting based on existing records and conditions. The potential confusion for the extraction model may stem from the capitalized name and its use in a context that resembles data involvement, which might lead one to assume it is a dataset when it is, in fact, a methodology or tool. There is no explicit mention of EX-ACT storing or providing data directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EX-ACT is a GHG accounting tool used in the context of a project analysis, not an actual dataset containing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "036_Tajikistan-Resilient-Landscape-Restoration-Project", + "page": 106, + "text": "The program will also support a RESILAND CA + Program web portal within CAREC \u2019 s Central Asia Climate Information Platform ( supported by CAMP4ASB ) that will include landscape restoration data and virtual discussion platforms, regional communication programs and coordination events ( including meetings of the ECCA30 Partnership and the UNCCD Peace Forest Initiative ), development and dissemination of relevant analytical work, and monitoring of global restoration trends. 13. While CAMP4ABS will support the adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan in the Aral Sea Basin, the projects will add a much-needed emphasis on reversing land degradation, increasing landscape restoration and reforestation in border landscapes of these and other countries. As noted, the projects will build on the information platform of CAREC, which was developed with the support of CAMP4ASB by adding thematic activities related to landscape restoration, reforestation, and land degradation. 14. The projects will support the WBG COVID-19 crisis, fragility, and disaster response efforts. They will support the implementation of the World Bank \u2019 s response strategy as articulated in the June 2020 COVID-19 Crisis Response Approach Paper by strengthening policies, institutions, and investments for rebuilding better ( Pillar 4 ) during the Resilient Recovery Stage. It will also support the World Bank 2020 \u2013 25 Strategy for Fragility, Conflict, and Violence, which recognizes the importance of collaboration over shared resources in mitigating fragility and security risks. 126 126 An ongoing Central Asia / Afghanistan RRRA will deliver results on drivers of risk and resilience and areas to improve this for the Ferghana Valley and border areas between Afghanistan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. This assessment will complement and provide input to the project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 82, + 123, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The program will also support a RESILAND CA + Program web portal within CAREC \u2019 s Central Asia Climate Information Platform ( supported by CAMP4ASB ) that will include landscape restoration data and virtual discussion platforms, regional communication programs and coordination events ( including meetings of the ECCA30 Partnership and the UNCCD Peace Forest Initiative ), development and dissemination of relevant analytical work, and monitoring of global restoration trends. 13.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The Central Asia Climate Information Platform is described as a web portal and program that supports various initiatives and activities, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a web portal", + "includes landscape restoration data and discussion platforms", + "supports various initiatives rather than being a data source itself", + "not explicitly referred to as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the occurrence of the term 'Central Asia Climate Information Platform,' it is clear from the surrounding context that what is being referenced is not a structured dataset, but rather a web portal and a suite of initiatives aimed at climate information and programs. The phrase 'web portal' suggests a digital infrastructure that may host various kinds of information, possibly including datasets, but does not itself constitute a dataset. The mention of 'landscape restoration data' is important, as it implies that there are data elements or collections involved, but this term does not clarify that the platform itself acts as a repository for such data. A model might confuse this term for a dataset due to its proper noun capitalization and its position alongside activities and initiatives. However, without explicit identification as a data source or structured dataset, the line is drawn here: it serves as a platform facilitating programs rather than a direct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Central Asia Climate Information Platform' is identified as a web portal supporting various initiatives, and thus should not be classified as a dataset. It functions more as an information system rather than a concrete source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "For example, the average value of assets among all households ( both refugee and host ) in the District of Arua is UGX 560, 000 ( US $ 144 ), which is only 10 percent of comparable asset values in the Kampala region. 9. COVID-19 is already disrupting incomes and livelihoods, with the poorest wealth quintiles most adversely affected. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, 91 percent of households have reported reduced income ( or losses ) from at least one of their sources of livelihood. Services, such as trade, transport and accommodation and food services have been the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 restrictions and have also lost the highest share of workers. Although employment levels have recovered partially, income levels for many households have not returned to pre-COVID-19 levels. By April 2021, income levels were still below pre-COVID-19 levels for at least one third of households. The second lockdown in mid-2021 is likely to have stalled and even possibly reversed progress in income recovery. In fact, 49 percent of MSMEs interviewed on the impact of the second lockdown 10 Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal ( https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga ), September 20, 2020. 11 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments, and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1269, + 1302, + "named" + ], + [ + 95, + 111, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1209, + 1213, + "Census of Business Establishments <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1239, + 1263, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "org / en / country / uga ), September 20, 2020. 11 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments, and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data regarding business establishments, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as firm data", + "referenced alongside another clear dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Census of Business Establishments' is positioned after the phrase 'based on district-level firm data from,' which strongly suggests that it serves as the source of the structured records being referenced. The surrounding context indicates that this term is used to denote a specific and organized collection of data concerning businesses. It does not appear solely as a project name or a management information system, but rather as the foundation of analytical data. Although it could be construed as part of a broader project or information system, the explicit mention of 'data from' aligns it more closely with the characteristics of a dataset. The model likely recognized it as a dataset due to the phrasing and the nature of the content, prompting it to mark this term accordingly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as the source of structured data related to business establishments, following the phrase 'based on'. Its role as a collection of recorded firm data aligns with the definition of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "For example, the average value of assets among all households ( both refugee and host ) in the District of Arua is UGX 560, 000 ( US $ 144 ), which is only 10 percent of comparable asset values in the Kampala region. 9. COVID-19 is already disrupting incomes and livelihoods, with the poorest wealth quintiles most adversely affected. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, 91 percent of households have reported reduced income ( or losses ) from at least one of their sources of livelihood. Services, such as trade, transport and accommodation and food services have been the sectors most affected by the COVID-19 restrictions and have also lost the highest share of workers. Although employment levels have recovered partially, income levels for many households have not returned to pre-COVID-19 levels. By April 2021, income levels were still below pre-COVID-19 levels for at least one third of households. The second lockdown in mid-2021 is likely to have stalled and even possibly reversed progress in income recovery. In fact, 49 percent of MSMEs interviewed on the impact of the second lockdown 10 Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal ( https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga ), September 20, 2020. 11 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments, and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1359, + 1402, + "named" + ], + [ + 95, + 111, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 201, + 215, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 805, + 809, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1209, + 1213, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "org / en / country / uga ), September 20, 2020. 11 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments, and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households in refugee and host communities, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as household data", + "enumerated alongside other data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Refugee and Host Community Household Survey' is used right after the phrase 'based on', indicating that it serves as a primary data source for analysis related to the topic. Additionally, it is related to structured data collected from households, which fits the typical definition of a dataset essential for research purposes. While it could potentially be confused with a project name or system given its formal tone and structure, the explicit use of it as a source of household data clarifies its role as a dataset. The model might have flagged it due to its formal appearance as a proper name, but given the context, it clearly functions as a collection of data rather than a mere platform or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Refugee and Host Community Household Survey' functions as a dataset in this context because it is directly referenced as a source of household-level data, and is utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "Indeed, emerging data collected from several countries in the region ( including Uganda ) in the Facebook Future of Business Survey show that women \u2019 s businesses are significantly more likely to be temporarily closed during the pandemic. 17 Recognizing the pressure on MSMEs \u2019 liquidity, the Bank of Uganda ( BoU ) encouraged banks to provide moratoria on their loans to their liquidity-constrained borrowers for up to 12 months. The BoU also took measures to reduce both the cost and risk associated with the bank lending. 18 In addition, the BoU authorized banks to accrue interest on outstanding loans during the moratorium period, provided the interest rate charged was no more than that in the original loan 12 Federation of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Uganda ( August 2021 ). 13 Uganda Bureau of Statistics June 2020 conducted with the support of the World Bank. 14 DC2021-004, From COVID 19 Response to Resilient Recovery, March 20, 2021. 15 See Pillar 3, of the World Bank Group, Saving Lives, Scaling-up Impact and Getting Back on Track, World Bank Group COVID-19 Crisis Response Approach Paper. 16 World Bank Group. 2019. Profiting from Parity: Unlocking the Potential of Women ' s Business in Africa.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 97, + 131, + "named" + ], + [ + 8, + 21, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 81, + 87, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 142, + 162, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 270, + 275, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 769, + 775, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 785, + 789, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 796, + 802, + "Facebook Future of Business Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indeed, emerging data collected from several countries in the region ( including Uganda ) in the Facebook Future of Business Survey show that women \u2019 s businesses are significantly more likely to be temporarily closed during the pandemic. 17 Recognizing the pressure on MSMEs \u2019 liquidity, the Bank of Uganda ( BoU ) encouraged banks to provide moratoria on their loans to their liquidity-constrained borrowers for up to 12 months.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Facebook Future of Business Survey is a structured collection of data collected from several countries, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'emerging data collected from'", + "described as collecting data from several countries", + "evokes characteristics of a structured data collection for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Facebook Future of Business Survey' is explicitly linked to data collected from various countries, indicating that it holds structured information relevant to research and analysis. The phrase 'emerging data collected from several countries' clearly positions this survey as a source of data rather than merely a project name or merely an information system. It seems to be recognized in the literature as an ongoing data-gathering initiative specializing in business insights, which aligns closely to the definition of a dataset used for empirical research. However, the phrase 'Facebook Future of Business Survey' might confuse extraction models because it includes 'Survey' \u2013 a term that could imply both a data collection effort and infrastructure. Naturally, surveys can be considered tools that yield datasets, yet here it is stressed that the emerging data is being utilized in research findings, suggesting its acknowledgement as a source of dataset. Hence, this term should be classified as a dataset in this specific context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Facebook Future of Business Survey' is identified as a dataset in this context as it is presented as a source of structured data collected for analysis across various countries, rather than just a project or information system." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "Tiers 1 \u2013 3 are regulated and supervised by the Bank of Uganda and Tier 4 is regulated by Uganda Microfinance Regulatory Authority ( UMRA ). 20 See Uganda - Policy, Regulator, Supervisory response to COVID-19 responses for Micro Finance, CGAP. 21 See Uganda - Policy, Regulator, Supervisory response to COVID-19 responses for Micro Finance, CGAP. 22 Uganda remittances were US $ 1. 3 billion in 2019, US $ 1. 425 billion in 2018, and US $ 1. 2 billion in 2017 \u2014 World Bank 2017 \u2013 2019 data. 23 Economic Policy Research Center ( EPRC ), 2020. 24 The survey conducted 1, 839 face-to-face interviews with SMEs in Uganda. Drawn from the UBOS census of business establishments, the sample is considered to be nationally representative. Nathan Associates performed the data collection between March and August 2014, with funding from Financial Sector Deepening Uganda.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 633, + 644, + "named" + ], + [ + 56, + 62, + "UBOS census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 350, + 356, + "UBOS census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 602, + 606, + "UBOS census <> reference population" + ], + [ + 731, + 748, + "UBOS census <> author" + ], + [ + 787, + 808, + "UBOS census <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "24 The survey conducted 1, 839 face-to-face interviews with SMEs in Uganda. Drawn from the UBOS census of business establishments, the sample is considered to be nationally representative. Nathan Associates performed the data collection between March and August 2014, with funding from Financial Sector Deepening Uganda.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The UBOS census refers to a structured collection of data regarding business establishments in Uganda, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018drawn from\u2019", + "described as a census of business establishments", + "context indicates it provides structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'UBOS census' is being linked explicitly with the data collection process, with the text clearly indicating that the survey is 'drawn from' this census. The mention of 'census' strongly implies that it refers to a structured dataset that catalogs and provides information on business establishments in Uganda. A project or system typically wouldn't be referred to as a 'census'; rather, it would contain records or reports but might not be called a dataset in a strict analytical sense. The model might have initially classified it as a potential project or information system because it has the look of an organized initiative (a census), but in the context it's clearly treated as a fundamental source of data for the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UBOS census' is considered a dataset here because it provides structured data specifically used in the analysis and is described in a way that indicates it functions as a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Only one in five refugee households has a loan and less than one in ten of refugees receives any form of credit according to the World Bank \u2019 s Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey. 27 Furthermore, low firm capabilities ( in this case, business acumen or technology access ) limit the ability of supply chains to expand in RHDs. Lastly, relatively low disposable incomes result in limited market demand potential in RHDs, creating an environment where only business models based on low entry costs, scalability, and portability are profitable. 20. COVID-19 has had a profoundly negative impact on Uganda \u2019 s labor markets, affecting refugees and women more than men. Around 19 percent of respondents who worked before the first lockdown stopped working by June 2020. 28 Respondents from urban areas and those who worked in the services sector had the largest incidence of work stoppages. Female respondents were more likely to stop working than male respondents ( 23 versus 16 percent ) and the gap was particularly pronounced in urban areas and among respondents age 15 \u2013 30. For refugee women, reduced humanitarian assistance and fewer food rations coupled with the lockdowns and economic recession has further reduced their incomes and exacerbated their vulnerability.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 144, + 201, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Only one in five refugee households has a loan and less than one in ten of refugees receives any form of credit according to the World Bank \u2019 s Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey. 27 Furthermore, low firm capabilities ( in this case, business acumen or technology access ) limit the ability of supply chains to expand in RHDs.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households in Uganda, specifically focusing on refugees and host communities, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "following 'according to'", + "described as a survey", + "specifically identifies household data", + "refers to a structured collection of data on refugees and host communities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey' is explicitly mentioned as a source of data in a direct statement, following 'according to the World Bank'. This phrase shows that the information discussed is derived from the findings of this survey, which is clearly structured data collected from households regarding refugees. The term does not suggest that it's merely a project or system; rather, it indicates that it is a specific dataset focused on refugees and host communities, given that it includes the word 'survey' which typically connotes a form of data collection. Furthermore, there is no indication in the text that it functions as an information system or merely a component of a larger framework; it stands alone as a repository of data points. Hence, it clearly qualifies as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a specific structured collection of household data on refugees in Uganda, making it a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Refugees have been more adversely affected by COVID-19 shocks than their host communities and slower to recover \u2013 with high levels of food insecurity, aid dependency on limited food rations and are ten times more likely to suffer from depression. 29 Female refugees were more likely to stop working following COVID-19 lockdowns than nationals or their male counterparts. Increased uncertainty and reduced demand in markets, is thought to be weakening already fragile supply chains and making investors less willing or more averse to pursuing business opportunities in RHD areas, exacerbating the existing vulnerability of these communities, and increasing their reliance on aid. This will further reinforce the negative path dependency of RHD communities, into higher levels of poverty and vulnerability, making social cohesion more difficult to achieve between refugees and their host communities. 21. A global economic downturn and increasing humanitarian demands have seen humanitarian assistance to refugees increasingly strained. Ration cuts coupled with COVID-19 impacts deteriorated food security among refugees substantially. It has gradually improved in the twelve months following the initial June 2020 lockdown, but remains worse than in 2018. Shortfalls in humanitarian funding to World Food Programme ( WFP ) has seen a 27 Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda: Results from the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey ( English ). Washington, DC: World Bank Group. http: / / documents1. worldbank. org / curated / en / 571081569598919068 / pdf / Informing-the-Refugee-Policy-Response-in-Uganda-Results - from-the-Uganda-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-2018-Household-Survey. pdf 28 World Bank. 2020. Covid-19 Impact Monitoring: Uganda, Round 1. World Bank, Washington, DC. 29 World Bank. 2021. Monitoring Social and Economic Impacts of COVID-19 on Refugees in Uganda: Results from the High-Frequency Phone - Third Round. World Bank, Washington, DC. \u00a9 World Bank", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1402, + 1459, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It has gradually improved in the twelve months following the initial June 2020 lockdown, but remains worse than in 2018. Shortfalls in humanitarian funding to World Food Programme ( WFP ) has seen a 27 Informing the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda: Results from the Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey ( English ). Washington, DC: World Bank Group.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a household survey focused on refugees and host communities in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018informs the Refugee Policy Response in Uganda\u2019", + "described as a household survey that gathers data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Uganda Refugee and Host Communities 2018 Household Survey' clearly refers to a specific survey conducted to collect data on refugees and host communities in Uganda. The phrase \u2018results from\u2019 indicates that this survey\u2019s findings are being used to inform policy decisions, directly linking the term to empirical data and analysis. The term is descriptive of a structured data collection effort, specifically a household survey, which typically gathers quantitative data. Therefore, it does function as a dataset in this context. There is no indication that it is a project or system but rather a direct source of data, making it distinct from other infrastructure that might house data without being the dataset itself. Potential confusion might come from the fact that it includes specific nomenclature that could appear as a title of a project, but its explicit mention as a survey clarifies its role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The highlighted term is indeed a dataset as it refers to a structured household survey intended for data collection, clearly indicated by the context that links it to informing policy based on survey results." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "The design of the impact evaluation will be done in agreement with the collaborating agencies and is expected to rely on a rigorous methodology ( i. e., Randomized Controlled Trial or similar ). Additionally, all project beneficiaries will be linked with firms surveyed by UBOS for allowing long-term follow up. This M & E process will involve the teams in the implementing agencies. Ugandan research institutions will be a key partner in implementing the M & E framework building on existing data reports and in partnership with local research institutions. The PSFU PIU will work closely with Ugandan research institutions for three reasons. First, to coordinate the various data collections so as to be more efficient in utilizing all existing firm-level data. Second to identify and collect additional data with respect to jobs and firm productivity. Third, to use the data collected on an ongoing basis make suggestions to the PSC to improve the project impact. 48 All data will be disaggregated by gender, refugee, host community, and non-host community nations to ensure adequate targeting and collection of results for targeted populations. C. Sustainability 79. In principle, the project components are based on implementing interventions that are fully financially sustainable while generating the largest possible impact.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 273, + 277, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ", Randomized Controlled Trial or similar ). Additionally, all project beneficiaries will be linked with firms surveyed by UBOS for allowing long-term follow up. This M & E process will involve the teams in the implementing agencies.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "UBOS refers to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics, which is an organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as linked with firms surveyed by UBOS", + "described as an organization rather than a data source", + "no direct reference indicating UBOS contains datasets or structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, UBOS refers to the Uganda Bureau of Statistics, which is an official institution responsible for collecting and managing statistical data. The surrounding context indicates that UBOS is referenced as a source of beneficiaries for follow-up actions rather than a dataset. There is no indication that UBOS is presenting specific structured data or records in this discussion; it seems to function more as a conduit for connecting beneficiaries with firms or as an organizing body overseeing the process. Here, the term might have been interpreted as a dataset because it is mentioned in proximity to processes involving data collection or project monitoring. However, the text does not explicitly state that UBOS itself provides datasets. Thus, it is clearer to view UBOS as an organization rather than a dataset or data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, UBOS is not a dataset but an organization involved in statistical oversight and analysis; it lacks the characteristics of a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda: Investment for Industrial Transformation and Employment ( P171607 ) Page 37 of 92 loan repayments made and status of loans. BoU will use the same system for the INVITE Trust. The functionality / features with relevance to the project include the following: ( a ) Financial Accounting and General Ledger that is integrated ( b ) Security: access levels and audit trail ( c ) Microsoft Integrated Reports with ability to export reports into MS Excel. ( d ) Ability to produce reports by set criteria 99. PSFU uses the SUN accounting system, which is sufficiently developed and documented to meet the needs of a public interest membership and donor-funded body. 100. Staffing. The finance operations function of BoU is headed by the Executive Director Finance ( EDF ) who reports to the Deputy Governor. The EDF function supervises the Chief Accountant and Director National Payment Systems. The EDF will liaise with the ACF Head of Division to process project transactions and the proposed staffing appears reasonable to cover the project financial management needs once mainstreamed into BoU operations. 101. Banking and funds flow. PSFU and BoU will have designated and operational project accounts in US dollars and Ugandan shillings to be opened in the BoU per existing arrangements with the borrower. IDA disbursements will flow through these accounts for project implementation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 539, + 560, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( d ) Ability to produce reports by set criteria 99. PSFU uses the SUN accounting system, which is sufficiently developed and documented to meet the needs of a public interest membership and donor-funded body. 100.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "The SUN accounting system is a software tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting system", + "not presented as a source of data", + "used for financial management rather than as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SUN accounting system' in this context refers to a software tool designed for financial management and reporting. Although it might have data-related functionalities, such as generating reports, the text doesn't indicate that it serves as a structured collection of data meant for analysis. The phrase 'PSFU uses the SUN accounting system' suggests that the system is utilized for financial management tasks rather than providing structured, analyzable datasets. It is also not clarified as a project in this instance, and its mention doesn't imply it meets criteria for standard datasets, such as yielding records or statistics that can be directly analyzed. The confusion may stem from the fact that the term 'system' appears in contexts where data is discussed, leading the model to infer that it might be a dataset when it is not.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SUN accounting system' is not a dataset but a financial management tool that might store data, used primarily for accounting tasks instead of serving as a structured dataset for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 76, + "text": "Table 1: Refugee and Host Population in Uganda62 Population Refugee % of total Number of firms63 Refu gee Ugandan hosts Refuge e Host North West Refugee-Hosting Districts Yumbe, Adjumani, Madi Okollo, Terego Lamwo, Koboko, Obongi 873, 844 2, 169, 200 29 % 1, 987 13, 505 South West Refugee-Hosting Districts Isingiro, Kyegegwa, Kamwenge, Kiryandongo, Kikuube 576, 922 2, 266, 800 20 % 2, 526 15, 095 Total non-Kampala RHDs 1, 450, 766 4, 436, 000 25 % 4, 513 28, 601 Total Kampala 98, 415 1, 709, 000 5 % 5, 028 104, 972 2. The economic activity slow down caused by COVID-19 has affected Uganda \u2019 s ability to generate jobs for those living in vulnerable situations, including refugees and host communities. Despite the concerted efforts to integrate refugees within the ecosystems of their host communities, refugee - hosting districts ( RHDs ) remain less developed areas. Low levels of disposable incomes have resulted in low demand and limited access to labor markets, leaving those residents with some access to land with no alternative but to live off subsistence agriculture and humanitarian aid. These areas were less developed even before the inflow of refugees and remain decoupled from resilient and viable supply chains in the economy. For example, the average value of assets among all households ( both refugee and host ) in the district of Arua64 is 560, 000 Ugandan shillings ( US $ 144 ), which is only 10 percent of comparable asset values in the Kampala region. 62 Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal ( https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga ) 31 October 2021 63 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments ( COBE ), and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey 64 Arua was until recent sub-divisions of the district considered a refugee hosting district.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1653, + 1686, + "named" + ], + [ + 473, + 480, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 588, + 594, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 677, + 685, + "Census of Business Establishments <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1484, + 1490, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1594, + 1598, + "Census of Business Establishments <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1623, + 1647, + "Census of Business Establishments <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "unhcr. org / en / country / uga ) 31 October 2021 63 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments ( COBE ), and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey 64 Arua was until recent sub-divisions of the district considered a refugee hosting district.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Census of Business Establishments is a structured collection of data that provides information about businesses, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as providing data about businesses", + "implies a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Census of Business Establishments' clearly follows the phrase 'Calculation based on' indicating that it is being used as a data source. The term is also capitalized, suggesting it is a formal and recognized entity, likely a dataset that contains business data. There is no indication in the text that it is being referred to as a platform or system; instead, it is integrated into a calculation used for analysis, which reinforces it as a dataset. The combination of these contextual signals leads me to conclude that it should indeed be treated as a dataset. However, I can see why a model might have been confused if it had happened to come across similar terms connected to named projects or systems without clear contextual phrases indicating their function as datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Census of Business Establishments' is used in a context that clarifies it as a dataset because it provides structured data about businesses, which is applied in research and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "037_Uganda-Investment-for-Industrial-Transformation-and-Employment-Project", + "page": 76, + "text": "Table 1: Refugee and Host Population in Uganda62 Population Refugee % of total Number of firms63 Refu gee Ugandan hosts Refuge e Host North West Refugee-Hosting Districts Yumbe, Adjumani, Madi Okollo, Terego Lamwo, Koboko, Obongi 873, 844 2, 169, 200 29 % 1, 987 13, 505 South West Refugee-Hosting Districts Isingiro, Kyegegwa, Kamwenge, Kiryandongo, Kikuube 576, 922 2, 266, 800 20 % 2, 526 15, 095 Total non-Kampala RHDs 1, 450, 766 4, 436, 000 25 % 4, 513 28, 601 Total Kampala 98, 415 1, 709, 000 5 % 5, 028 104, 972 2. The economic activity slow down caused by COVID-19 has affected Uganda \u2019 s ability to generate jobs for those living in vulnerable situations, including refugees and host communities. Despite the concerted efforts to integrate refugees within the ecosystems of their host communities, refugee - hosting districts ( RHDs ) remain less developed areas. Low levels of disposable incomes have resulted in low demand and limited access to labor markets, leaving those residents with some access to land with no alternative but to live off subsistence agriculture and humanitarian aid. These areas were less developed even before the inflow of refugees and remain decoupled from resilient and viable supply chains in the economy. For example, the average value of assets among all households ( both refugee and host ) in the district of Arua64 is 560, 000 Ugandan shillings ( US $ 144 ), which is only 10 percent of comparable asset values in the Kampala region. 62 Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal ( https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga ) 31 October 2021 63 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments ( COBE ), and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey 64 Arua was until recent sub-divisions of the district considered a refugee hosting district.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1752, + 1795, + "named" + ], + [ + 328, + 336, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 473, + 480, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 588, + 594, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 677, + 685, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 809, + 836, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1355, + 1361, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1484, + 1490, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1594, + 1598, + "Refugee and Host Community Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "unhcr. org / en / country / uga ) 31 October 2021 63 Calculation based on district-level firm data from Census of Business Establishments ( COBE ), and refugee and host community household data from the Refugee and Host Community Household Survey 64 Arua was until recent sub-divisions of the district considered a refugee hosting district.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households in refugee and host communities, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as household data", + "deals with refugee and host communities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Refugee and Host Community Household Survey' is referred to after the phrase 'based on', which indicates that it is being used as a data source for the calculations presented. It clearly indicates that it encompasses household data, suggesting a structured collection of information rather than an abstract project or system. While the term could cause confusion given that it includes descriptors typically associated with projects or surveys, the explicit mention of data derived from it points to it being a dataset. The model likely extracted this based on its formal naming and the context indicating its use for calculations, which align with typical dataset terminology.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the term functions as a dataset because it is referred to as a source of household data, is used in a calculation context, and is clearly delineated as the basis for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 23, + "text": "The project will promote boosting shared prosperity, by increasing focus on the least well-off in Burundi. The cash transfer component will target the lowest quintiles of the Burundi population to increase their incomes. A targeting system will be developed to accurately identify the poorest households in the country and cash transfers will be complemented by facilitating access to productive and social inclusion initiatives to achieve a sustainable alleviation of poverty. II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. Project Development Objective PDO Statement 43. The development objective of the project is to strengthen management capacity, scale up safety net programs, and promote productive inclusion and access to jobs. PDO Level Indicators \uf0b7 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry ( Number ) o Of which refugees o Of which host communities \uf0b7 Proportion of households enrolled in the beneficiary database living below the extreme poverty line ( Percentage ) \uf0b7 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs ( Number ) o Of which female o Of which refugees o Of which host communities o Of which beneficiaries of unconditional cash transfers o Of which beneficiaries of emergency cash transfers \uf0b7 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions ( Number )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 783, + 807, + "named" + ], + [ + 98, + 105, + "National Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 175, + 182, + "National Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 738, + 748, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 830, + 838, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 910, + 930, + "National Social Registry <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The development objective of the project is to strengthen management capacity, scale up safety net programs, and promote productive inclusion and access to jobs. PDO Level Indicators \uf0b7 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry ( Number ) o Of which refugees o Of which host communities \uf0b7 Proportion of households enrolled in the beneficiary database living below the extreme poverty line ( Percentage ) \uf0b7 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs ( Number ) o Of which female o Of which refugees o Of which host communities o Of which beneficiaries of unconditional cash transfers o Of which beneficiaries of emergency cash transfers \uf0b7 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions ( Number )", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National Social Registry is a structured collection of data that identifies households for social safety net programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018included in\u2019", + "described as a registry that identifies households" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Social Registry' is being explicitly referred to as a source that includes households for various social safety net programs. The phrase 'included in the National Social Registry' indicates that it's used as a concrete data source in the context of the project. Thus, it behaves like a dataset because it refers to a structured collection of information about households that are eligible for targeted interventions. While it could be confused with a program or system that compiles this data, the sentence clearly indicates that it is not just a system but is actively utilized as a data source. The previous judgment of it being a dataset aligns with the context that suggests it serves a clear role in the analysis of program beneficiaries.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it serves as a defined source of records for identifying households eligible for social safety net programs." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "To scale up activities at national level, the PIU will need to strengthen the fiduciary team and will need to hire additional personnel at least in the following positions: an additional procurement specialist, an additional accountant, an environmental specialist, an expert on accompanying measures on human capital development, a productive inclusion specialist; a refugee support specialist and human resources specialist. These positions need to be filled not later than three months after project effectiveness. Additional consultants to be deployed to all new provinces and communes under the project will also need to be hired. In addition, the PIU will need to hire legal expertise for the components of the Social Registry and refugee support and these are the components with important policy content. The project will consider the use of interns to support project implementation and to build a pool of future social workers. 124. The project will rely on the support from three different UN agencies, namely UNICEF, WFP and UNHCR, for the implementation of its components. UNICEF already supported the implementation of accompanying measures on human capital development under Merankabandi and the same approach will be promoted with WFP and UNHCR for the productive inclusion and support to refugees and host communities \u2019 components.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 717, + 732, + "named" + ], + [ + 567, + 576, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 922, + 936, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1021, + 1027, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1086, + 1092, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1305, + 1313, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Additional consultants to be deployed to all new provinces and communes under the project will also need to be hired. In addition, the PIU will need to hire legal expertise for the components of the Social Registry and refugee support and these are the components with important policy content. The project will consider the use of interns to support project implementation and to build a pool of future social workers.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to support social programs and policies, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project component", + "no indication of being the data source", + "no context explicitly stating it as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' appears to refer more to a component within a larger project rather than a standalone dataset. The surrounding text discusses hiring expertise and project implementation, which suggests that 'Social Registry' serves as a term related to project activities rather than a structured collection of data. There's no mention that data is 'used from' or 'based on' the Social Registry for analysis or reporting, which would typically signal that it's a dataset. Additionally, the text refers to the 'components' of the Social Registry, which reinforces the idea that it is part of a project rather than a direct data source. Potential confusion for models may arise since 'Social Registry' could denote a database or information system; however, without explicit assertions that it contains or provides data for analysis, it is better categorized as a project or system in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is not a dataset but rather a project component related to social programs. It lacks clear indicators of functioning as a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 40 of 86 of both of it is to build the capacity of the GoB to monitor its own programs in the Social Protection sector. In this sense, several instruments will support the monitoring of the project and Social Protection programs in general: a. The Social Registry. It will help the MNSSAHRG, and SEP monitor the socio-economic situation of the poor and vulnerable households in Burundi. The socio-economic data being collected through the registry will allow government to monitor the situation and better design social policies. The registry will also collect data on beneficiaries enrolled in different social programs allowing to monitor the coverage of these. b. The project will support the mid-term review of the Social Protection Strategy that is meant to be approved at the beginning of 2022. c. SEP / CNPS will receive technical and financial support to perform their coordination tasks and lead the Social Protection Working Group allowing for a better monitoring of Social Protection interventions by different partners. 128. PDO indicators and Intermediate Results Indicators of the project will be measured through different instruments. These include process evaluations; regular spot checks and beneficiary surveys through mobile phone to evaluate the quality of implementation: the efficiency of the targeting and payment processes; and the overall satisfaction with the program.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 302, + 317, + "named" + ], + [ + 398, + 428, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 432, + 439, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 445, + 464, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 623, + 674, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 849, + 853, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In this sense, several instruments will support the monitoring of the project and Social Protection programs in general: a. The Social Registry. It will help the MNSSAHRG, and SEP monitor the socio-economic situation of the poor and vulnerable households in Burundi.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data used to monitor the situation of poor and vulnerable households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as supporting monitoring", + "mentioned alongside Social Protection programs", + "indicates a collection of socio-economic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is presented not just as a system, but as an integral component of monitoring socio-economic conditions, particularly for vulnerable populations in Burundi. The passage suggests that this registry is used to gather and interpret data, which points towards its role as a dataset rather than merely a project name or infrastructure. The use of 'help' indicates that it is expected to provide structured socio-economic data for analysis. Although it could be interpreted as part of a broader system, the context implies its primary function aligns more closely with that of a dataset \u2014 a source of structured records for monitoring. The model might have been confused due to the name 'Social Registry' sounding like an overarching system, but the context of it being used for specific analytical monitoring lends to interpreting it as a dataset. There is an inherent ambiguity given that it describes a project, but its mention as a key tool for data collection mitigates this ambiguity significantly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' functions as a dataset in this context due to its role in supporting monitoring efforts by collecting and providing structured socio-economic data about vulnerable households." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 70, + 73, + "named" + ], + [ + 1284, + 1326, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1374, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1377, + 1406, + "MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured collection of data that collects information from various processes, making it a dataset used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for project delivery", + "discussed in relation to project progress reporting", + "not explicitly described as containing data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular excerpt, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that serves as a framework or tool for delivering project outputs, notably progress reports and reviews. It is described in a context focused on project management, audits, and reviews rather than on the data it holds as a primary dataset. Although the system may aggregate data, the wording does not suggest that it is being used directly as a data source for analysis but rather as a delivery mechanism. The model might have confused this mention as a dataset because it carries the implication of data collection within a systematic context, and it was extracted due to its formal naming potential. Furthermore, the lack of qualifying phrases such as 'uses data from' reinforces that it's functioning as a component of project management rather than an analytical dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a management tool for project monitoring and reporting, not as a dataset used for analysis, hence it's not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 923, + 952, + "named" + ], + [ + 70, + 73, + "Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 957, + 960, + "Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1284, + 1326, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1374, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1377, + 1406, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Management Information System (MIS) is a structured collection of data that collects and manages information related to various processes, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a Management Information System, not explicitly as a dataset", + "described as a system that collects information from various processes", + "has no clear enumeration alongside other datasets or data sources", + "does not explicitly state it as the source of the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' refers to the infrastructure used for collecting and managing data but is not the data itself. While the MIS collects various types of information and can be seen as involved in the analysis, it is more descriptive of a system rather than directly a dataset. A model might confuse this as a dataset mention because it appears in a section discussing data collection and can imply ownership of datasets; the phrasing may lead one to assume it's simply collecting data, when in fact it is systematizing the data collection process. A critical distinction here is that while the MIS does collect data, it is not itself a concrete, structured dataset but rather a mechanism through which data flows and is organized. This highlights the potential confusion between systems that house data vs. the datasets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' in this context refers to the system used for collecting and managing data, not a dataset itself. Its role in data collection does not qualify it as a dataset directly." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 957, + 960, + "named" + ], + [ + 1284, + 1326, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1374, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1377, + 1406, + "MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The MIS is a structured collection of data that collects information from various processes, making it a dataset used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a Management Information System", + "described as collecting information from different processes", + "provides an infrastructure for data collection", + "not treated as a primary data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which functions as an infrastructure or platform that organizes and manages data rather than serving as a specific dataset. The context highlights its role in collecting and compiling data from various sources, making it clear that it is a system designed to oversee data collection processes rather than a concrete dataset itself. The previous model's mistake seems to stem from interpreting 'MIS' as a dataset due to its structured approach to data management. Phrases such as 'will collect information from different processes' suggest that it is a tool that aggregates or handles data rather than representing that data in its final usable form. Therefore, while it is involved in data activities, it does not act as a standalone dataset in the typical sense, which may have confused the extraction model.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a Management Information System, functioning as an infrastructure for data collection, rather than representing a specific dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1443, + 1458, + "named" + ], + [ + 1522, + 1532, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1723, + 1733, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry compiles socio-economic information from households, which is structured data used to determine eligibility for social programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a project that gathers data", + "used for determining eligibility for social programs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' is described not just as a repository of data but explicitly as a management information system (MIS) that compiles socio-economic information from households. The terminology and structure suggest that it is an operational project designed to collect and manage data for specific uses, particularly eligibility determination for social programs. The confusion likely stems from the extraction model's tendency to label it as a dataset because the 'Social Registry' is name-capped and is associated with information collection. However, it is more accurate to view it as the infrastructure through which data is collected rather than as a standalone dataset. The model might also have interpreted the term 'compiles socio-economic information' as an indication that it is a dataset, but the context indicates it is a broader system rather than a discrete set of data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' functions as a management information system that collects and manages data rather than being a dataset itself, hence it is categorized as a project or system in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1463, + 1478, + "named" + ], + [ + 1522, + 1532, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1723, + 1733, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry compiles socio-economic information from households used to determine eligibility for social programs, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a tool for determining eligibility for social programs", + "not clearly presented as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' is described as part of a management information system (MIS) that compiles socio-economic information. While it does collect data relevant for social program eligibility, the language indicates that it functions more as a system or tool for collection rather than as a standalone dataset. The phrase 'compiles' suggests that it aggregates data, but does not explicitly identify it as the primary source for analysis or structured records on its own. The model may have been confused because 'Social Registry' is capitalized and appears in a context where data collection is discussed; hence it could be misidentified as a dataset. However, the explicit framing of the system's purpose and its relationship to the data collection process points more towards it being a tool rather than the dataset itself. This distinction is crucial, as systems may hold datasets but are not datasets in their structural essence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a management information system that compiles data. It serves as a tool for data collection rather than representing a unique dataset that can be analyzed independently." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the project, such as the MIS, will enable the project to produce regular progress reports. The PIU will organize annual financial audits for the project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the project implementation after the first 2. 5 years of implementation. The mid-term review will involve project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements, and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the project. 129. A Monitoring and Evaluation manual was produced under Merankabandi. The manual will be updated for the project, even though most of the monitoring and evaluation processes will be kept the same. The following table describes the main M & E instruments of the project. Table 4. Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1680, + 1683, + "named" + ], + [ + 1689, + 1707, + "IBM <> data type" + ], + [ + 1723, + 1733, + "IBM <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1736, + 1749, + "IBM <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project M & E instruments Instrument Description Data to be collected Management Information System The MIS will collect information from different processes including registration, enrolment, payments, and claims. Information on registration and enrolment is obtained through direct collection of data; payment information is provided by the service providers and claims are fed into the system by different collection channels - Socio-economic data of households enrolled - Number of households receiving cash transfers - Amounts paid to beneficiaries - Claims submitted by beneficiaries Social Registry The Social Registry compiles socio - economic information from households that will be used to determine eligibility for social programs - Socio-economic data of households registered Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring The IBM is a phone-based survey to a sample of households ( beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of social programs ) to inquire on program performance, satisfaction, and context - Satisfaction information of beneficiaries and non - beneficiaries of social programs - Qualitative information on the vulnerability context", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The IBM is a phone-based survey that collects data on program performance and satisfaction, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an iterative phone-based survey", + "uses data from participants to gather structured information", + "gathers satisfaction and performance data from beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IBM' refers specifically to an iterative beneficiary monitoring process that involves direct data collection through surveys. This fits the criteria for a dataset as it gathers structured and quantifiable information concerning the experiences and context of program beneficiaries, which can be systematically analyzed. However, confusion might arise because 'IBM' could also represent the name of a project or a management information system given its acronym-like structure. The model may have identified 'IBM' as a dataset because it follows phrases indicating data collection and describes the nature of the information collected. Nonetheless, upon closer examination, it is clear that 'IBM' is intended to indicate a distinct dataset related to survey findings rather than merely a project name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of 'IBM' in this context functions as a dataset because it refers to a structured collection of survey data specifically designed to assess program performance and beneficiary satisfaction." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 53 of 86 181. Procurement capacity assessment. The Borrower opted to have the procurement activities under the responsibility of an existing agency with a track record ( the Merankabandi project fiduciary team ). However, an assessment of the Merankabandi project fiduciary team using the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System conducted in June 2021 ( archived in the system on June 11, 2021 ) concluded on an urgent need of hiring a qualified senior procurement specialist with a strong experience in World Bank procedures to support the procurement function. In addition, the project is the first project under the World Bank Procurement Regulations to be managed by the Merankabandi fiduciary team. The other main risks are those inherent to the country. 182. Procurement Risk Rating. The project procurement risk prior to the mitigation measures is \u201c high \u201d. The risk will be reduced to a residual rating of \u201c substantial \u201d upon consideration of successful implementation of the mitigation measures. 183. Preparation of Project Procurement Strategy for Development ( PPSD ). In accordance with the requirement of the Bank procurement regulations, the Merankabandi fiduciary team together with the core project preparation team from the Borrower have prepared a PPSD. The PPSD provides the basis and justifications for procurement approaches and decisions including market analysis and selection methods.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 343, + 392, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Borrower opted to have the procurement activities under the responsibility of an existing agency with a track record ( the Merankabandi project fiduciary team ). However, an assessment of the Merankabandi project fiduciary team using the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System conducted in June 2021 ( archived in the system on June 11, 2021 ) concluded on an urgent need of hiring a qualified senior procurement specialist with a strong experience in World Bank procedures to support the procurement function. In addition, the project is the first project under the World Bank Procurement Regulations to be managed by the Merankabandi fiduciary team.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System is a framework or tool used for assessing procurement risks, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a tool for assessment", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System' refers clearly to a systematic framework or process used for evaluating procurement risks. While it likely contains data used for such assessments, it is not identified as a dataset in the sense of being a structured collection of records. The context suggests that it is more of an infrastructure or a procedural tool rather than an actual dataset. There is no indication that this system serves as a primary source of data; instead, it functions as a tool for analysis. The phrase 'conducted in June 2021' further implies an analysis was performed using this system, reinforcing that it is a methodology, not an enumerable or concrete dataset. A model might confuse this as a dataset due to its formal name and the context in which data is implied, but it does not fulfill the criteria for a dataset as there is an absence of records or structured information being referenced directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System' does not refer to a dataset in this context as it is a system or tool designed for risk evaluation, lacking the characteristics of a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 58 of 86 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING Results Framework COUNTRY: Burundi Cash for Jobs Project Project Development Objectives ( s ) The development objective of the project is to strengthen management capacity, scale up safety net programs, and promote productive inclusion and access to jobs Project Development Objective Indicators RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target To strengthen management capacity Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry ( Number ) 0. 00 200, 000. 00 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry - refugees, disaggregated by gender ( Number ) 0. 00 15, 000. 00 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry - host communities, disaggregated by gender ( Number ) 0. 00 25, 000. 00 Proportion of households enrolled in the beneficiary database living below the extreme poverty line ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 536, + 560, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 501, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 663, + 671, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 726, + 736, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 58 of 86 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING Results Framework COUNTRY: Burundi Cash for Jobs Project Project Development Objectives ( s ) The development objective of the project is to strengthen management capacity, scale up safety net programs, and promote productive inclusion and access to jobs Project Development Objective Indicators RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target To strengthen management capacity Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry ( Number ) 0. 00 200, 000.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about households in targeted areas, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'households in targeted areas included in'", + "described as including information about households", + "mentioned in the context of a measurable indicator" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the empirical context provided, the term 'National Social Registry' is referenced as a framework for including households that are part of the monitoring and results of the Cash for Jobs Project. The use of the term in proximity to a measurement (number of households included) suggests that it refers to a structured collection of data, effectively qualifying it as a dataset. While it might raise concerns about being a management information system or platform, the specific context indicates that it serves as the basis for an indicator in their results framework, reinforcing its role as a dataset. The phrase 'included in' and the measurement type strongly suggest this is not simply an infrastructural tool, but a contextually relevant dataset that offers quantifiable insights into targeted households. Hence I retain the classification of 'is_dataset' as true.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Social Registry' behaves as a dataset in this context since it is directly referenced as a source for quantifying households, thus fulfilling the criteria of being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 58 of 86 VII. RESULTS FRAMEWORK AND MONITORING Results Framework COUNTRY: Burundi Cash for Jobs Project Project Development Objectives ( s ) The development objective of the project is to strengthen management capacity, scale up safety net programs, and promote productive inclusion and access to jobs Project Development Objective Indicators RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target To strengthen management capacity Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry ( Number ) 0. 00 200, 000. 00 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry - refugees, disaggregated by gender ( Number ) 0. 00 15, 000. 00 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry - host communities, disaggregated by gender ( Number ) 0. 00 25, 000. 00 Proportion of households enrolled in the beneficiary database living below the extreme poverty line ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 636, + 660, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "National Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 128, + 135, + "National Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 491, + 501, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 726, + 736, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 200, 000. 00 Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry - refugees, disaggregated by gender ( Number ) 0. 00 15, 000.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about households in targeted areas, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a collection of data", + "provides structured information about households", + "mentioned in the context of refugees disaggregated by gender" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Social Registry' is explicitly referred to as a collection of data that includes specific details about households. The phrase 'Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry' suggests that it holds structured records relevant to the analysis. The mention of disaggregation by gender implies that the data is used for specific analytical purposes, reinforcing that it functions as a dataset. While there could be confusion if interpreted as a project or system, the way it is presented here aligns closely with the characteristics of a dataset. The model may have identified it as a potentially generalized term or a broader initiative due to its conceptual nature, but the focus on data points linked to households grounds it firmly as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a structured collection of data concerning households, specifically highlighting its use for analysis rather than merely representing a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 61 of 86 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target Upgraded MIS to scale up interventions at national level ( Yes / No ) No Yes Beneficiaries receiving social protection transfers through digital payments ( Percentage ) 0. 00 90. 00 Integration of refugee and host communities into national social protection systems Approval of a Social Protection Strategy integrating refugees and host communities as target groups ( Yes / No ) No Yes Project management and implementation GRM in place and being used to monitor feedback trends, including with mobile phones provided by the project, with claims addressed and closed and monthly reports being prepared ( Yes / No ) No Yes Process evaluation carried out ( Number ) 0. 00 4. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry Number of households that are registered in the National Social Registry in project implementation areas Annual National Social Registry The Project Implementation Unit will obtain the data from the agency handling the National Social Registry Project Implementation Unit Households in targeted areas included Number of refugee Annual National Socio-economic data Agency handling the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1046, + 1070, + "named" + ], + [ + 1001, + 1011, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 4. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry Number of households that are registered in the National Social Registry in project implementation areas Annual National Social Registry The Project Implementation Unit will obtain the data from the agency handling the National Social Registry Project Implementation Unit Households in targeted areas included Number of refugee Annual National Socio-economic data Agency handling the", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National Social Registry is a structured collection of data that registers households for social protection programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018obtains data from\u2019", + "described in context as a source providing registered household information", + "mentioned as a data source alongside other indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'National Social Registry' behaves like a dataset in this particular context because it is referred to as a source of data that the Project Implementation Unit will use to collect statistics on registered households. It follows a clear mention of obtaining data from it, and its role is emphasized in collecting structured records about households in targeted areas. While it might initially seem like a project or a management information system, in this context, it specifically aligns with the notion of being a dataset as it is clearly identified as the source of structured data for reporting and evaluation. This could lead to confusion in extraction models due to its potential dual identity as a system that could simply store records, but here it is actively presenting as a dataset because of how it is used in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly stated as the source of household registration data for the project, linking it directly to the measurement of project indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 61 of 86 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target Upgraded MIS to scale up interventions at national level ( Yes / No ) No Yes Beneficiaries receiving social protection transfers through digital payments ( Percentage ) 0. 00 90. 00 Integration of refugee and host communities into national social protection systems Approval of a Social Protection Strategy integrating refugees and host communities as target groups ( Yes / No ) No Yes Project management and implementation GRM in place and being used to monitor feedback trends, including with mobile phones provided by the project, with claims addressed and closed and monthly reports being prepared ( Yes / No ) No Yes Process evaluation carried out ( Number ) 0. 00 4. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry Number of households that are registered in the National Social Registry in project implementation areas Annual National Social Registry The Project Implementation Unit will obtain the data from the agency handling the National Social Registry Project Implementation Unit Households in targeted areas included Number of refugee Annual National Socio-economic data Agency handling the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1119, + 1143, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "National Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1001, + 1011, + "National Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1212, + 1239, + "National Social Registry <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 4. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households in targeted areas included in the National Social Registry Number of households that are registered in the National Social Registry in project implementation areas Annual National Social Registry The Project Implementation Unit will obtain the data from the agency handling the National Social Registry Project Implementation Unit Households in targeted areas included Number of refugee Annual National Socio-economic data Agency handling the", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The National Social Registry is a structured collection of data that registers households for social protection programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as containing records", + "mentioned as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the 'National Social Registry' is indeed being treated as a data source, as indicated by the precise statement about the Project Implementation Unit obtaining data from the agency handling the National Social Registry. This suggests the National Social Registry serves as a structured collection of data that focuses on household registration for social protection programs. While the term might also be perceived as a project name or a management information system, the usage here emphasizes its role in data collection and reporting processes within the framework of the project\u2019s monitoring and evaluation plan. There isn\u2019t any indication that it operates merely as a tool or an infrastructure; it is explicitly mentioned in connection to data collection responsibilities, which reinforces its classification as a dataset in this context. Thus, while the term could mislead some models into categorizing it as a project or an MIS based on its proper noun status, its contextual clues strongly affirm its nature as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Social Registry' is considered a dataset here due to its explicit role as a primary source of structured data regarding registered households, reinforced by references around data collection methods from this source." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 65 of 86 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions - host communities, disaggregated by gender Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions that live in communities hosting refugees Annual Project Management Information System The enrolment module of the MIS contains information on the locality of residence of the beneficiaries PIU ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of provinces implementing cash transfers Number of provinces of the country where cash transfers activities financed by the project are implemented Annual Implementati on Progress Reports The Project Implementation Unit will inform of the provinces where the project is being implemented Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries receiving payments on the schedule set-up in the operational manual Share of cash transfers beneficiaries that receive the transfers within the time period stipulated in the project operational manual Every 6 months Payment agent reports The payment agent reports include the date of payments and this will be compared with the date initially planned Proportion of beneficiary households in the beneficiary collines participating in behavior change promotion activities Share of households that attend sessions on human capital development Every six months Attendance sheets from NGOs carrying out the sessions NGOs implementing accompanying measures on human capital development will report on the attendance of Project Implementation Unit", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 235, + 279, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Annual Project Management Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 65 of 86 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions - host communities, disaggregated by gender Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions that live in communities hosting refugees Annual Project Management Information System The enrolment module of the MIS contains information on the locality of residence of the beneficiaries PIU ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of provinces implementing cash transfers Number of provinces of the country where cash transfers activities financed by the project are implemented Annual Implementati on Progress Reports The Project Implementation Unit will inform of the provinces where the project is being implemented Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries receiving payments on the schedule set-up in the operational manual Share of cash transfers beneficiaries that receive the transfers within the time period stipulated in the project operational manual Every 6 months Payment agent reports The payment agent reports include the date of payments and this will be compared with the date initially planned Proportion of beneficiary households in the beneficiary collines participating in behavior change promotion activities Share of households that attend sessions on human capital development Every six months Attendance sheets from NGOs carrying out the sessions NGOs implementing accompanying measures on human capital development will report on the attendance of Project Implementation Unit", + "type": "Project Management Information System", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of project activities, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project management information system", + "described as containing information but not explicitly referred to as a dataset", + "operational in the context of monitoring and evaluation but not used as a structured data source in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Annual Project Management Information System' refers specifically to a system rather than a concrete dataset. The information presented highlights that this system contains local data on beneficiaries, suggesting it is a repository rather than a dataset where analyses are drawn from explicitly. This is inferred from the fact that it is not treated as a data source in the indicators section that follows, which uses 'datasource' to list other tangible places where data originates. The model might have conflated this system with an actual dataset due to its structured nature and capitalization, which can imply a formalized entity or source. However, as it stands, it serves more as infrastructure for data management than as a standalone dataset used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'Annual Project Management Information System' is not a dataset but rather a reference to a system that facilitates data collection and monitoring, lacking the characteristics of a specific data source used for analyses." + }, + { + "filename": "038_Burundi-Cash-for-Jobs-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 65 of 86 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions - host communities, disaggregated by gender Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions that live in communities hosting refugees Annual Project Management Information System The enrolment module of the MIS contains information on the locality of residence of the beneficiaries PIU ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of provinces implementing cash transfers Number of provinces of the country where cash transfers activities financed by the project are implemented Annual Implementati on Progress Reports The Project Implementation Unit will inform of the provinces where the project is being implemented Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries receiving payments on the schedule set-up in the operational manual Share of cash transfers beneficiaries that receive the transfers within the time period stipulated in the project operational manual Every 6 months Payment agent reports The payment agent reports include the date of payments and this will be compared with the date initially planned Proportion of beneficiary households in the beneficiary collines participating in behavior change promotion activities Share of households that attend sessions on human capital development Every six months Attendance sheets from NGOs carrying out the sessions NGOs implementing accompanying measures on human capital development will report on the attendance of Project Implementation Unit", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 308, + 311, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Cash for Jobs Project ( P175327 ) Page 65 of 86 Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions - host communities, disaggregated by gender Beneficiaries of job-focused interventions that live in communities hosting refugees Annual Project Management Information System The enrolment module of the MIS contains information on the locality of residence of the beneficiaries PIU ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of provinces implementing cash transfers Number of provinces of the country where cash transfers activities financed by the project are implemented Annual Implementati on Progress Reports The Project Implementation Unit will inform of the provinces where the project is being implemented Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries receiving payments on the schedule set-up in the operational manual Share of cash transfers beneficiaries that receive the transfers within the time period stipulated in the project operational manual Every 6 months Payment agent reports The payment agent reports include the date of payments and this will be compared with the date initially planned Proportion of beneficiary households in the beneficiary collines participating in behavior change promotion activities Share of households that attend sessions on human capital development Every six months Attendance sheets from NGOs carrying out the sessions NGOs implementing accompanying measures on human capital development will report on the attendance of Project Implementation Unit", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Annual Project Management Information System' but does not specify data content" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a 'Management Information System' tied to the World Bank Cash for Jobs Project. While it may contain data, it functions more as a system of management and organization for the project than as a concrete dataset. The preceding text describes it as part of the project and not specifically enumerated or used directly as a data source in analysis. Moreover, the context suggests that 'MIS' refers to infrastructure and tools necessary for the management and evaluation of project data, rather than an independent dataset itself. The model may have extracted 'MIS' as a dataset due to the abbreviation's capitalized status and the sound of it being associated with project data, thus blending it into the category of structured datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' is better viewed as a Management Information System that serves as a tool for organizing project data rather than an independent dataset. The context identifies it primarily as a function of project management, lacking specific enumeration or function as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "More than two out of five individuals ( 41. 7 percent ) 2 lived below the poverty line in 2020 ( less than US $ 1. 9 per day ). This corresponds to an absolute number of 10 million poor individuals ( out of 23 million ). This was an increase by 0. 1 percentage point compared to 2019 following a 0. 1 percent drop in per capita income in 2020. As a consequence, an additional 400, 000 people were drawn into extreme poverty. Based on current projections, the number of extreme poor is expected to increase by an additional 200, 000 people in 2021, due mainly to population growth. The country will not be able to reduce its poverty rate to pre-COVID-19 levels before end - 2023. The poverty incidence in rural areas is 46. 8 percent, compared to only 11. 8 percent in urban areas. There are also striking disparities in poverty at the subnational level. Estimates from the 2018 / 19 household survey3 suggest that a Nigerien inhabitant in Niamey has only a 7 percent chance of being poor while this probability for a person living in Dosso Region is 48 percent. Such wealth disparities between regions can be a source of social tensions and can potentially affect the country \u2019 s future growth and security situation. 1 World Bank - Niger Spring 2021 Economic Update: Maximizing Public Expenditure Efficiency for Rebuilding Better. 2 World Bank Macro Poverty Outlook 2021. 3 Survey on the Living Conditions of Households [ Enqu\u00eate Harmonis\u00e9e sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages ] ( 2018 \u2013 19 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1375, + 1420, + "named" + ], + [ + 90, + 94, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> reference year" + ], + [ + 916, + 935, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> reference population" + ], + [ + 939, + 945, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1034, + 1046, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1220, + 1230, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1246, + 1250, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1334, + 1344, + "Survey on the Living Conditions of Households <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 World Bank Macro Poverty Outlook 2021. 3 Survey on the Living Conditions of Households [ Enqu\u00eate Harmonis\u00e9e sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages ] ( 2018 \u2013 19 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, making it a dataset used for analysis of living conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "it is a survey, thus implies structured data collection", + "described explicitly as conducted in 2018-2019" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Survey on the Living Conditions of Households' is clearly identified as a structured data collection effort that focuses on various indicators of living conditions in households. The context indicates it follows a reference to the World Bank's Macro Poverty Outlook and is provided with specific dates (2018-2019), which strongly suggests it is a dataset rather than just a project or system. The phrase 'Survey on the Living Conditions of Households' implies that there were systematic methods employed to collect data, thus reinforcing the idea that it is indeed a dataset. While there could be confusion about whether it represents a project or an ongoing initiative, its enumeration alongside the World Bank's specific report and the clear labeling of it as a survey solidifies its identity as a dataset. The previous interpretation as a dataset is correct here because it behaves and is presented like one, without any strong indicators that it operates primarily as a project or system rather than a data resource.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term refers to a structured survey that collects data about living conditions, thus it is indeed treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 13 of 174 4. Gender-based violence ( GBV ) is relatively prevalent, and economic opportunities and access to education are very limited for women and girls. Conflict, militarization, and insecurity in some areas of the country ( notably the Diffa, Tahoua, and Tillab\u00e9ry Regions ) have exacerbated pre-existing risks of GBV in multiple ways: the collapse of social safety nets and protective relationships, the growing challenges associated to accessing life-saving services leaving survivors isolated and unable to seek care, the weakened rule of law and state presence failing to provide protection, the widening of levels and severity of gender inequality, and different manifestations of GBV, from intimate partner violence ( IPV ) to sexual exploitation of women and girls. In addition, the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ) estimates that Niger has the highest prevalence rate of child marriage in the world, with 77 percent of the girls married before the age of 18 ( Demographic and Health Survey [ DHS ] 2012 ) 4 and 28 percent before the age of 15. The median age of marriage for girls ( 15. 7 years ) is around nine years earlier than that for boys ( 24. 6 years ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1072, + 1101, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 228, + 243, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 942, + 947, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1035, + 1040, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1104, + 1107, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1110, + 1114, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Conflict, militarization, and insecurity in some areas of the country ( notably the Diffa, Tahoua, and Tillab\u00e9ry Regions ) have exacerbated pre-existing risks of GBV in multiple ways: the collapse of social safety nets and protective relationships, the growing challenges associated to accessing life-saving services leaving survivors isolated and unable to seek care, the weakened rule of law and state presence failing to provide protection, the widening of levels and severity of gender inequality, and different manifestations of GBV, from intimate partner violence ( IPV ) to sexual exploitation of women and girls. In addition, the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ) estimates that Niger has the highest prevalence rate of child marriage in the world, with 77 percent of the girls married before the age of 18 ( Demographic and Health Survey [ DHS ] 2012 ) 4 and 28 percent before the age of 15. The median age of marriage for girls ( 15.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "explicitly cited as the source of data on child marriage prevalence", + "mentioned in association with specific metric (77 percent)", + "details a specific year (2012) affiliated with the survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' (DHS) is presented as a primary source of structured data on health and demographic indicators, specifically referencing statistics pertaining to child marriage in Niger. The inclusion of the year (2012) and the percentage figures directly sourced from the DHS confirms its nature as a dataset. The phrasing does not suggest that the DHS is merely a project name or system; instead, it provides tangible data that enriches the discussion on gender-based violence and marriage statistics. The model may have been confused due to the formal naming of the DHS, which can often lead to misinterpretation as a project or system if not explicitly linked to data, but here it is clear that it serves as a dataset providing critical information. The context surrounding the term and the nature of the statistics makes it unmistakably a data source rather than simply a project name or management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' is correctly identified as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as the source for significant demographic data regarding child marriage rates." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "This may be exacerbated in situations of high insecurity as families may see marrying their young daughters to older men as a way to protect them and to improve access to natural and financial resources. In addition, proxy indicators in Niger for social norms appear to legitimize, condone, and promote GBV, with wife beating being seen as justified by 59. 6 percent of women ( DHS 2012 ), against a regional average of 45. 7 percent. In Niger, there are no laws on domestic violence or aggravated penalties for crimes against spouses or family members. However, the GoN has been taking measures in recent years, with support from development partners, to reduce gender inequality, such as child protection committees, family planning assistance to married adolescent girls, and improvement of educational attainment for girls to remain enrolled in school in the event of pregnancy or marriage. This was supported by the World Bank \u2019 s Development Policy Financing series 2019 \u2013 20 ( P173113 ). 5. The spillover of the crisis in Mali and the Boko Haram regional crisis is causing a significant displacement of people toward and within Niger. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ), Niger is home to more than 568, 410 displaced people ( August 2021 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 378, + 381, + "named" + ], + [ + 237, + 242, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 382, + 386, + "DHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1135, + 1140, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1216, + 1221, + "DHS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, proxy indicators in Niger for social norms appear to legitimize, condone, and promote GBV, with wife beating being seen as justified by 59. 6 percent of women ( DHS 2012 ), against a regional average of 45. 7 percent.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys that provide insights into health and demographic trends.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a quantitative measure of a demographic indicator", + "appears alongside specific statistics indicating data use", + "inferred from empirical survey data context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'DHS' refers to the Demographic and Health Surveys, a well-established survey program that collects data on health and population metrics across various countries. In this context, it is used to reference specific survey results (39.6 percent of women justifying wife beating) which clearly indicates that the text is discussing data derived from these surveys. Even though 'DHS' could be interpreted as an organization or project due to its status, in this instance, it is effectively functioning as a dataset from which specific statistics are pulled. The model could have been confused if 'DHS' was referenced more generically or in contexts that emphasize it as a project or system rather than as a source of specific data points. However, because of the concrete association in this sentence with percentage indicators that come from the surveys, it firmly grounds 'DHS' as a dataset reference here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' is treated as a dataset because it refers specifically to data from the Demographic and Health Surveys, which provides concrete statistical evidence relevant to the statement." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "The Government has affirmed both in national legislation and at representations to the Committee on Elimination of Racial Discrimination that refugees are to be treated equally under the law with respect to key socioeconomic rights: property ownership; security; access to the courts; access to labor market ( no nationality discrimination ); freedom of expression and movement; and access to basic services including access to health, education, and housing. In December 2018, 4 The latest DHS was in 2012. Fieldwork for the 2017 DHS took place between October 2017 and February 2018. Internal and independent audits determined that the results obtained from the survey cannot be reconciled and therefore should not be used for planning or programming purposes. Hence, the release of the results was canceled. 5 World Bank. 2020. Risk and Resilience Assessment for the Sahel Region.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 491, + 494, + "named" + ], + [ + 502, + 506, + "DHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 664, + 670, + "DHS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Government has affirmed both in national legislation and at representations to the Committee on Elimination of Racial Discrimination that refugees are to be treated equally under the law with respect to key socioeconomic rights: property ownership; security; access to the courts; access to labor market ( no nationality discrimination ); freedom of expression and movement; and access to basic services including access to health, education, and housing. In December 2018, 4 The latest DHS was in 2012. Fieldwork for the 2017 DHS took place between October 2017 and February 2018.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to a Demographic and Health Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in health and demographic fields.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Demographic and Health Survey", + "latest DHS mentioned in 2012", + "Fieldwork for the 2017 DHS indicates a specific survey", + "implies structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' refers to the Demographic and Health Survey, which is a well-known structured survey specifically designed to collect data on health and demographic characteristics. It is mentioned explicitly as a survey with fieldwork dates, suggesting it is a data source rather than merely a project name or management information system. The phrase 'latest DHS was in 2012' further implies temporal bounds related to specific collected data, reinforcing that it signifies a dataset, which contains structured data relevant for analysis. The model might have been confused due to 'DHS' being an acronym that might also denote other systems or projects in different contexts, but here it fits the description of a recognized dataset clearly. Therefore, I affirm that 'DHS' is a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' specifically refers to the Demographic and Health Survey, indicating it functions as a dataset that collects structured health and demographic data rather than as a project name or system." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "The Government has affirmed both in national legislation and at representations to the Committee on Elimination of Racial Discrimination that refugees are to be treated equally under the law with respect to key socioeconomic rights: property ownership; security; access to the courts; access to labor market ( no nationality discrimination ); freedom of expression and movement; and access to basic services including access to health, education, and housing. In December 2018, 4 The latest DHS was in 2012. Fieldwork for the 2017 DHS took place between October 2017 and February 2018. Internal and independent audits determined that the results obtained from the survey cannot be reconciled and therefore should not be used for planning or programming purposes. Hence, the release of the results was canceled. 5 World Bank. 2020. Risk and Resilience Assessment for the Sahel Region.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 531, + 534, + "named" + ], + [ + 502, + 506, + "DHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 526, + 530, + "DHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 664, + 670, + "DHS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In December 2018, 4 The latest DHS was in 2012. Fieldwork for the 2017 DHS took place between October 2017 and February 2018. Internal and independent audits determined that the results obtained from the survey cannot be reconciled and therefore should not be used for planning or programming purposes.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to the Demographic and Health Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in health and demographic areas.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets (Demographic and Health Survey)", + "described as containing results from a structured survey", + "explicitly refers to survey results, which are typically data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'DHS' is clearly referencing the Demographic and Health Survey, which is established as a structured collection of data for research purposes in health and demographics. Though there might be a potential confusion about it being a project or information system, the explicit mention of survey results strongly indicates that 'DHS' is being treated as a dataset here. The mention notes fieldwork dates and audits regarding survey results, which denote that it's a data source even in the context of discussing methodological issues. There\u2019s a strong contextual cue that it is the source of usable data, hence justifying treating it as a dataset rather than a mere system or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'DHS' is treated as a dataset because it directly refers to the Demographic and Health Survey with results from structured data collection, making it a concrete source for research and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 23, + "text": "Washington, DC: World Bank. https: / / openknowledge. worldbank. org / handle / 10986 / 34712. 14 The survey results were published in June 2020 using data collected in 2018. The MTF defines access to electricity through seven attributes: capacity, availability, reliability, quality, affordability, formality, and health and safety. Tier 1 defines at least 4 hours availability per day including at least 1 hour per evening, with the capacity sufficient to power task lighting and phone charging / radio. Tier 2 electricity is available at least 4 hours per day, including at least 2 hours per evening, and capacity is sufficient to power low-load appliances. In Tier 3, Tier 4, and Tier 5, electricity is available at least 8 hours, 16 hours, and 23 hours, respectively, with higher standards for other attributes. 15 Off-grid solutions are not included. 16 According to the Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker ( 2018 ), access rate in Niger was 20 percent in 2017; however, national data are used in the text.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 877, + 916, + "named" + ], + [ + 169, + 173, + "Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker <> reference year" + ], + [ + 919, + 923, + "Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker <> reference year" + ], + [ + 942, + 947, + "Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker <> data geography" + ], + [ + 966, + 970, + "Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker <> reference year" + ], + [ + 981, + 994, + "Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "15 Off-grid solutions are not included. 16 According to the Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker ( 2018 ), access rate in Niger was 20 percent in 2017; however, national data are used in the text.", + "type": "tracker", + "explanation": "The Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker is a structured collection of data used to measure access to electricity and related attributes, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as a tracker", + "provides specific data points about access rates" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker' is treated as a source of specific data on access rates to electricity, making it appear to function as a dataset. The phrase 'According to the Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker' suggests that this tracker is being referred to directly as a basis for a data point, which aligns more with a dataset than just being an information system or project name. Even though the term could also refer to a systematic approach or platform managing multiple data entries, the specific mention of percentages related to access indicates that it serves as a concrete source of structured data in this instance. The model may have been confused by the presence of 'tracker,' which in other contexts could imply a tool or system; however, in this instance, it clearly indicates a structured data output related to Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG7), making it a dataset for this purpose.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Sustainable Energy for All SDG7 tracker' is used here to present specific data on access rates to energy, indicating it functions as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 92, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level. People provided with new or improved electricity service - Female Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data. Estimated based on the share of female in the national population as published by the national statistics institute or other credible sources. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. Refugee and host beneficiaries provided with electricity services through grid, mini grids and electrified public institutions This relates to the number of refugees and host populations living in localities and settings where the project provides electricity through grid, mini grids and off-grid electrification ( under components 1, 2 and 3 ). Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data / UNHCR data / World Bank data. Estimated based on collected data about refugees and host communities zones and project-level data. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 98, + 103, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ANPER <> publisher" + ], + [ + 713, + 743, + "ANPER <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1128, + 1138, + "ANPER <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1225, + 1243, + "ANPER <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system.", + "type": "project database", + "explanation": "ANPER refers to a project database that collects structured data related to electricity access, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside 'project databases'", + "described in the context of a project", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'ANPER' is mentioned as part of a phrase that refers to project databases. The preceding phrase makes it clear that it is part of a project-related context, specifically the 'World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project.' There is no use of terms like 'uses data from' or 'based on' which would indicate that ANPER serves as a direct source of data for analysis. Furthermore, the presence of 'project databases' suggests that ANPER is considered more a part of the project's infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The lack of clear evidence that it functions as a primary data source leads me to categorize it as not being a dataset, even though it may contain data. This could confuse extraction models as the term appears alongside other potential datasets, giving the impression it might be similar, yet its role is more as a descriptor of database collections associated with the project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANPER is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is framed within the project infrastructure rather than as a distinct source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 92, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level. People provided with new or improved electricity service - Female Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data. Estimated based on the share of female in the national population as published by the national statistics institute or other credible sources. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. Refugee and host beneficiaries provided with electricity services through grid, mini grids and electrified public institutions This relates to the number of refugees and host populations living in localities and settings where the project provides electricity through grid, mini grids and off-grid electrification ( under components 1, 2 and 3 ). Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data / UNHCR data / World Bank data. Estimated based on collected data about refugees and host communities zones and project-level data. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 108, + 115, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ANERSOL <> publisher" + ], + [ + 713, + 743, + "ANERSOL <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1128, + 1138, + "ANERSOL <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1225, + 1243, + "ANERSOL <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system.", + "type": "project database", + "explanation": "ANERSOL is mentioned as a project database related to electricity access, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a project", + "project but mentioned as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'ANERSOL' appears as part of a list that includes 'ANPER' and is described in relation to the 'Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project'. This suggests that 'ANERSOL' is a project database, which indicates it may hold data, but it is primarily recognized as a project rather than a standalone dataset. The term behaviors as a project name and is portrayed more as part of the infrastructure used to support a larger initiative rather than a specific dataset in itself. The confusion for the model arises because the term is capitalized and positioned next to known datasets, leading to the assumption that it functions as a dataset. However, it lacks direct indications that it is the primary source of structured records solely used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ANERSOL' is not treated as a dataset here, as it is primarily referenced as a project database related to a larger initiative rather than a distinct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 92, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level. People provided with new or improved electricity service - Female Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data. Estimated based on the share of female in the national population as published by the national statistics institute or other credible sources. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. Refugee and host beneficiaries provided with electricity services through grid, mini grids and electrified public institutions This relates to the number of refugees and host populations living in localities and settings where the project provides electricity through grid, mini grids and off-grid electrification ( under components 1, 2 and 3 ). Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data / UNHCR data / World Bank data. Estimated based on collected data about refugees and host communities zones and project-level data. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 217, + 222, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ANPER <> publisher" + ], + [ + 713, + 743, + "ANPER <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1128, + 1138, + "ANPER <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1225, + 1243, + "ANPER <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "ANPER refers to a project database that collects structured data related to electricity access, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other systems", + "mentioned as part of a broader project context", + "uses data from customers database" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ANPER' is mentioned alongside 'NIGELEC's customers database' and 'ANERSOL', which suggests that it is part of a larger suite of tools or systems used for electricity access information. The phrase 'obtained from' directly precedes it, but the preceding reference to a customers database indicates that ANPER is likely a project or system that supports or collects data rather than being a dataset in and of itself. Given that it is introduced in the framework of acquiring a system rather than presenting raw data or structured records, it doesn't meet the criteria typically reserved for datasets. This could confuse models because ANPER is capitalized and appears in a context that suggests it could contain data, but it is contextualized more as an element of infrastructure, not the final structured data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANPER is not treated as a dataset here because it is part of a system or project context rather than a primary structured data source. It appears more as a component of a larger infrastructure rather than a dataset on its own." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 92, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 85 of 174 ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level. People provided with new or improved electricity service - Female Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data. Estimated based on the share of female in the national population as published by the national statistics institute or other credible sources. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. Refugee and host beneficiaries provided with electricity services through grid, mini grids and electrified public institutions This relates to the number of refugees and host populations living in localities and settings where the project provides electricity through grid, mini grids and off-grid electrification ( under components 1, 2 and 3 ). Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data / UNHCR data / World Bank data. Estimated based on collected data about refugees and host communities zones and project-level data. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 227, + 234, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ANERSOL <> publisher" + ], + [ + 713, + 743, + "ANERSOL <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1128, + 1138, + "ANERSOL <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1225, + 1243, + "ANERSOL <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "acquire an off-grid system. This is obtained from NIGELEC ' s customers database, ANPER and ANERSOL ( for mini-grid and standalone systems ). The number of people would be estimated by multiplying the number of households by the average household size at the national or regional level.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "ANERSOL refers to a project database that collects structured data related to electricity access projects, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other known systems and databases", + "described in the context of a project, not explicitly as a data source", + "leans towards being a project or platform rather than a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, ANERSOL is presented alongside NIGELEC's customers database and ANPER, suggesting that it is part of a larger ecosystem of projects or systems rather than an independent dataset. The use of the term in conjunction with other names implies a collective reference that may obscure its individual characteristics as a data source. There is no statement that explicitly categorizes ANERSOL as a dataset; instead, it may imply a management information system or project that organizes and houses data rather than being a standalone structured dataset used for empirical analysis. Thus, it creates potential confusion for models trying to identify datasets, especially when it appears similar in naming convention to other datasets but lacks clear identification as such within the context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANERSOL is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is mentioned as part of a broader description of systems or projects, rather than being referenced specifically as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 86 of 174 This is not covered by \" People provided with new or improved electricity service \" indicator. of which, refugee beneficiaries Number of refugees ( specifically ) living in localities and settings where the project provides electricity through grid, mini grids and off-grid electrification ( under components 1, 2 and 3 ). Semi - annually. National statistics / Proj ect data / UNHCR data / World Bank data.. Estimated based on collected data about refugees and project - level data. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. Public facilities electrified under the project The indicator captures the number of public institutions ( health facilities, schools, administrative buildings, market places, religious sites, etc. ) provided with an electricity connection under the project. The connection can come from any type of solution ( grid, mini-grid, standalone systems ). Semi - annually. NIGELEC / ANP ER / ANERSOL project databases. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible for connections and Project databases. NIGELEC / ANPER / ANERS OL. People provided with clean and efficient cooking solutions under the project The indicator captures the number of people directly benefiting from clean cooking solutions that were acquired through the project including refugee and host population. Semi - annually.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 996, + 1003, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC / ANP ER / ANERSOL project databases. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible for connections and Project databases.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "ANERSOL appears to refer to an organization involved in the project rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside project databases", + "mentioned in the context of a project or organization", + "not explicitly described as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given text, 'ANERSOL' appears alongside references to 'NIGELEC' and 'ANP ER', suggesting it is part of a broader context relating to projects or organizations rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'ANERSOL project databases' implies that it functions within a project-based structure, indicating more of an organizational or operational framework. The lack of explicit mention that this is a structured data collection (e.g., no phrase indicating that data is 'obtained from' or 'based on' ANERSOL specifically) supports the view that 'ANERSOL' is not acting as a dataset in this context. The model might have inferred it as a dataset due to its capitalization and placement within the list; however, the context shows it relates more to project management or infrastructure rather than a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ANERSOL' is treated as a project or organization rather than a dataset in this context, as the phrasing does not refer to it as a data source and does not describe a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 95, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 88 of 174 Generation capacity of renewable energy constructed or rehabilitated The indicator captures the total solar PV capacity that has been installed via mini grids or rehabilitated through solar PV hybridization. Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids. NIGELEC / ANPER. Net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions Project net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions are calculated as an annual average of the difference between project gross ( absolute ) emissions aggregated over the economic lifetime of the project and the emissions of a baseline ( counterfactual ) scenario aggregated over the same time horizon. They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report. 5. 73 million tCO2e are expected to be reduced during economic life of the project for an approximate annual reduction of 779, 215 tCO2e. MTR targets are the same as the end targeted because the indicator measures the annual average reductions over the entire economic analysis period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 323, + 330, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NIGELEC is an organization, specifically the Nigerien electricity company, and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a project database", + "described in the context of contractor reporting", + "suggested to be an organization rather than a pure data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NIGELEC' is primarily referenced in relation to a project database. The surrounding phrases imply that NIGELEC is part of a larger operational framework involving contract reporting rather than an organized collection of data itself. Although the term appears alongside 'ANPER project database', creating confusion might arise from its capitalization and context that associates it with structured data management. However, it is essential to note that NIGELEC refers to an entity (the Nigerien electricity company) rather than a standalone source of structured data. This indicates that while it may interact with data, it should not be treated as a dataset in isolation. The model may have been confused due to its proximity to terms associated with data management in the sentence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NIGELEC' is not treated as a dataset but rather as an organization linked to a project database, thus distinguishing it from a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 95, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 88 of 174 Generation capacity of renewable energy constructed or rehabilitated The indicator captures the total solar PV capacity that has been installed via mini grids or rehabilitated through solar PV hybridization. Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids. NIGELEC / ANPER. Net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions Project net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions are calculated as an annual average of the difference between project gross ( absolute ) emissions aggregated over the economic lifetime of the project and the emissions of a baseline ( counterfactual ) scenario aggregated over the same time horizon. They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report. 5. 73 million tCO2e are expected to be reduced during economic life of the project for an approximate annual reduction of 779, 215 tCO2e. MTR targets are the same as the end targeted because the indicator measures the annual average reductions over the entire economic analysis period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 335, + 357, + "named" + ], + [ + 1323, + 1341, + "ANPER project database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The ANPER project database is a structured collection of data related to the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a database", + "described in a context of data reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'ANPER project database' is explicitly framed with the word 'database,' which typically implies a structured collection of data. Given that it is mentioned alongside 'NIGELEC,' a known data source, it gives a strong indication that it is indeed functioning as a dataset within this context, especially since the reporting is tied to data-driven activities (installing/hybridizing mini grids). While 'ANPER' could also be seen as just a project name or a tool for data management, the use of 'database' makes it clear that this is intended as a collection of structured records from which data is drawn. Therefore, in this specific instance, it behaves as a dataset rather than just a system or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ANPER project database' is treated as a dataset because it explicitly refers to a structured collection of data, and is mentioned in a context that implies its use as a source for reporting." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 95, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 88 of 174 Generation capacity of renewable energy constructed or rehabilitated The indicator captures the total solar PV capacity that has been installed via mini grids or rehabilitated through solar PV hybridization. Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids. NIGELEC / ANPER. Net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions Project net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions are calculated as an annual average of the difference between project gross ( absolute ) emissions aggregated over the economic lifetime of the project and the emissions of a baseline ( counterfactual ) scenario aggregated over the same time horizon. They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report. 5. 73 million tCO2e are expected to be reduced during economic life of the project for an approximate annual reduction of 779, 215 tCO2e. MTR targets are the same as the end targeted because the indicator measures the annual average reductions over the entire economic analysis period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 892, + 899, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NIGELEC refers to an organization involved in the project, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project context", + "not explicitly described as containing structured data", + "follows 'project databases'", + "refers to an organization involved in the project" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'NIGELEC', it's clear from the surrounding context that it is referenced alongside project databases and linked to activities within the commercial department. It does not concretely refer to a dataset on its own; instead, it appears to represent the organization itself, possibly overseeing or managing project activities or data rather than being a direct source of structured data. The extraction model may have been misled by its mention in a context where data appears to be reported, but because it does not fit the definition of a dataset focused on structured records or statistics, I determined that it does not meet the criteria of being a dataset here. Potential confusion arises from the context in which 'NIGELEC' is placed, where its involvement in the provision of data could make it seem like a data source, but it is fundamentally an organization, not a specific dataset repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NIGELEC is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an organization involved in the project rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 95, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 88 of 174 Generation capacity of renewable energy constructed or rehabilitated The indicator captures the total solar PV capacity that has been installed via mini grids or rehabilitated through solar PV hybridization. Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids. NIGELEC / ANPER. Net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions Project net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions are calculated as an annual average of the difference between project gross ( absolute ) emissions aggregated over the economic lifetime of the project and the emissions of a baseline ( counterfactual ) scenario aggregated over the same time horizon. They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report. 5. 73 million tCO2e are expected to be reduced during economic life of the project for an approximate annual reduction of 779, 215 tCO2e. MTR targets are the same as the end targeted because the indicator measures the annual average reductions over the entire economic analysis period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 928, + 933, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report.", + "type": "project database", + "explanation": "ANPER refers to a project database that collects and organizes data related to the electricity access project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside project databases", + "follows 'annually' indicating a reporting context", + "described as a project, not primarily a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ANPER' is referenced in a way that indicates it is part of a broader reporting framework involving multiple project databases. It is introduced alongside 'ANERSOL', which suggests a grouping of projects rather than a singular, concrete data source. The phrase 'annually NIGELEC's commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases' indicates that ANPER functions more as a project that houses or utilizes various datasets related to the owner's engineering project, rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The model might have confused it as a dataset because it follows a common phrasing seen with actual datasets, and it appears alongside other databases, which could imply it has a similar data-focused role. However, given the phrasing and context, it is more aligned with being a project element in a narrative.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANPER is better seen as a project or database system that organizes data rather than a concrete dataset; it is referenced in a manner indicating it supports the overall structure of data reporting without being the actual dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 95, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 88 of 174 Generation capacity of renewable energy constructed or rehabilitated The indicator captures the total solar PV capacity that has been installed via mini grids or rehabilitated through solar PV hybridization. Semi - annually. NIGELEC and ANPER project database. Determined based on the reporting of the contractors responsible installing / hybridizing mini grids. NIGELEC / ANPER. Net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions Project net greenhouse gas ( GHG ) emissions are calculated as an annual average of the difference between project gross ( absolute ) emissions aggregated over the economic lifetime of the project and the emissions of a baseline ( counterfactual ) scenario aggregated over the same time horizon. They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report. 5. 73 million tCO2e are expected to be reduced during economic life of the project for an approximate annual reduction of 779, 215 tCO2e. MTR targets are the same as the end targeted because the indicator measures the annual average reductions over the entire economic analysis period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 938, + 945, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ANERSOL <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1323, + 1341, + "ANERSOL <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "They are reported in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per year. Annually NIGELEC ' s commercial department / ANPER and ANERSOL project databases. Based on data provided in the Owner ' s engineer report.", + "type": "project database", + "explanation": "ANERSOL refers to a project database that collects data related to the project's greenhouse gas emissions and other metrics, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ANERSOL' is presented within a list that includes 'NIGELEC's commercial department' and 'ANPER', which are both framed as specific entities. The clearer focus here is on the user's report mentioning these names rather than treating 'ANERSOL' explicitly as a dataset itself. The phrasing indicates that it is part of the project framework, rather than a standalone dataset; it emphasizes the collective reporting of metrics rather than isolating 'ANERSOL' as a distinct source of structured records. The term could confuse models because it is named and appears alongside other data sources, yet there's no explicit statement indicating it serves as a fundamental dataset. It functions more as a project or a system that helps to manage data rather than being labeled clearly as 'a dataset' in this specific analytical context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'ANERSOL' functions more as a project name or management information system rather than a dataset itself, as it lacks explicit identification as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 104, + "text": "The focus will be on reporting on completed technical Percentage of trainings completed by women at NIGELEC, focusing on Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Computed based on NIGELEC ' s workforce data and training NIGELEC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 138, + 162, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 208, + "NIGELEC project database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The focus will be on reporting on completed technical Percentage of trainings completed by women at NIGELEC, focusing on Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Computed based on NIGELEC ' s workforce data and training NIGELEC.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to the NIGELEC project, which is used for reporting and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project database", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "likely a platform or system that contains data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NIGELEC project database' appears to be more of a system or platform designed to house data related to the NIGELEC project rather than an explicit dataset. The phrase does not indicate that it is providing a structured set of data directly for analysis but rather refers to a repository or database where data is stored. The sentences mainly focus on reporting and indicate that it computes based on NIGELEC's workforce training data. While it does contain data, it serves more as an infrastructure element than a distinct dataset. The confusion may arise due to its capitalization and the inclusion of the word 'database,' which could readily lead a model to categorize it as a dataset. However, it lacks definitive contextual signals that would classify it as the primary data source being utilized in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NIGELEC project database' is not treated as a dataset here because it appears more as a system that stores data rather than offering a clearly defined dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 105, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 98 of 174 trainings in network operation, managing commercial network operation, management and commercial skills. reports. Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials. Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Documentation demonstrating how feedback from citizens have been incorporated in communication materials. NIGELEC. Project related grievances registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed Project related grievances are registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed. Semi - annually. NIGELEC, ANPER and ANERSOL project database. Extracted from data received through the GRM and consultations with citizens. NIGELEC. ME IO Table SPACE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 424, + 448, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Documentation demonstrating how feedback from citizens have been incorporated in communication materials.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NIGELEC project database is a structured collection of data related to the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows project name", + "described as a database containing project-related data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context of the phrase provided, 'NIGELEC project database' appears to denote a structured collection of data related to the NIGELEC project itself. The word 'database' strongly implies that it holds organized records pertinent to the project. The term follows a structured format commonly associated with datasets (i.e., structured collections of information), and there is an implicit indication that this database is utilized actively in the project for documentation purposes. While it includes 'project' in its name, its designation as a 'database' suggests it functions as a repository of structured data rather than just being a project name. However, the potential for confusion arises because the term 'project database' might lead some models to interpret it merely as an informational system or tool rather than a definitive dataset. Still, given the context, it is clear it serves as a dataset regarding citizen feedback.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The NIGELEC project database is treated as a dataset because it is described in a way that emphasizes its role as a structured collection of project-related data, despite the term 'project' potentially leading to confusion." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 105, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 98 of 174 trainings in network operation, managing commercial network operation, management and commercial skills. reports. Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials. Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Documentation demonstrating how feedback from citizens have been incorporated in communication materials. NIGELEC. Project related grievances registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed Project related grievances are registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed. Semi - annually. NIGELEC, ANPER and ANERSOL project database. Extracted from data received through the GRM and consultations with citizens. NIGELEC. ME IO Table SPACE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 799, + 806, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "NIGELEC <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC, ANPER and ANERSOL project database. Extracted from data received through the GRM and consultations with citizens.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "NIGELEC refers to a project database that collects and organizes data related to the project, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside projects and databases", + "described as a project database", + "extracted data from consultations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NIGELEC' is presented as a project database, which implies that it is designed to store and organize data related to specific project activities rather than being a standalone dataset itself. The context includes the phrase 'ANPER and ANERSOL project database,' suggesting that these entities are part of a broader project framework. Since 'NIGELEC' is classified as a project database rather than a dataset, it does not operate as a final data analysis source. Models might confuse this mention due to it resembling a dataset due to its structured records, but the clear contextual indication of it being a project-based collection leads to the conclusion that it functions more as a tool for data organization than a dataset in its own right. The reference to consultations indicates that it pulls data from various sources, further supporting the idea of it being more a conduit than a singular dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NIGELEC' is classified as a project database and not a standalone dataset, since it functions as a tool to collect and organize data rather than representing a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 105, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 98 of 174 trainings in network operation, managing commercial network operation, management and commercial skills. reports. Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials Feedback from citizens incorporated into program design and published in communication materials. Semi - annually. NIGELEC project database. Documentation demonstrating how feedback from citizens have been incorporated in communication materials. NIGELEC. Project related grievances registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed Project related grievances are registered under the project grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) and addressed. Semi - annually. NIGELEC, ANPER and ANERSOL project database. Extracted from data received through the GRM and consultations with citizens. NIGELEC. ME IO Table SPACE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 808, + 813, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually. NIGELEC, ANPER and ANERSOL project database. Extracted from data received through the GRM and consultations with citizens.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "ANPER refers to an organization involved in the project, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned in relation to a project database", + "likely a project or organization instead of a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ANPER' is grouped with 'NIGELEC' and 'ANERSOL' within the phrase 'project database'. While the term appears next to two entities that sound like they could represent datasets, 'ANPER' itself likely refers to an organization or responsible party rather than a concrete dataset. The use of the term within the context of a project database indicates that it could be part of a larger information system or project where data is sourced or included, but it does not indicate that ANPER is a standalone dataset. The model may have confused 'ANPER' as a dataset owing to its inclusion in this listing with other entities and because it is not clearly marked as a project or organization in the excerpt, but its function appears to be more of a project or system than that of a direct data provider.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANPER is more appropriately understood as an organization involved in the project rather than a standalone dataset, despite its proximity to known datasets in the text." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 155, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Accelerating Electricity Access Project ( Hask\u00e9 ) ( P174034 ) Page 148 of 174 data provided by the UNHCR67 on refugee camps as well as host communities and ( b ) the list of priority areas under the PRA. While this exercise has been finalized for Component 1 where a preliminary list of localities for grid densification and extension is defined, the same exercise will be carried out for other components as part of ongoing studies. 5. In figure 4. 1, the first map provides the number and locations of refugees and IDPs ( according to the UNHCR data ). There are 47 PARCA communes that host refugees and IDPs. The second map of Niger shows the PRA priority communes and refugee zones and the existing national electricity grid, isolated mini grids electrified localities, and new areas to be electrified through the grid under Component 1. The three other maps ( in the bottom ) show the locations of refugees in Tillab\u00e9ry and Tahoua Regions, Maradi Region, and Diffa Region from left to right.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 562, + 572, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "UNHCR data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 131, + 144, + "UNHCR data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 538, + 542, + "UNHCR data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 936, + 945, + "UNHCR data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 950, + 964, + "UNHCR data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 966, + 979, + "UNHCR data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 985, + 997, + "UNHCR data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In figure 4. 1, the first map provides the number and locations of refugees and IDPs ( according to the UNHCR data ). There are 47 PARCA communes that host refugees and IDPs.", + "type": "data collection", + "explanation": "The term 'UNHCR data' refers to a structured collection of data regarding refugees and IDPs, which is used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as containing data about refugees and IDPs", + "used in a specific analytical context (mapping locations of refugees and IDPs)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'UNHCR data' directly follows the phrase 'according to', which signals that the information presented is based on data sourced from a structured database or collection maintained by UNHCR. It is clear that this is not just a name of a project or system but a reference to a dataset that contains specific information about refugees and IDPs. The context indicates its use for analysis (to create maps) asserts its role as a dataset rather than merely a tool or project infrastructure. While UNHCR itself is an organization that might host various data systems and projects, here it specifically refers to the dataset relevant to the analysis presented. Therefore, it should be classified as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'UNHCR data' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced in an analytical framework, explicitly indicating it is a source of structured records on refugees and IDPs, emphasized by its use following 'according to'." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 174, + "text": "However, given the substantial portion of the country that is desert, the actual occurrence of fires on an annual basis is less than 5 percent ( figure 7. 1 ). Over a 30-year period, however, even a 5 percent annual risk translates to a 78 percent chance that at least one fire event will occur. An assessment of land that has less dense vegetation or other factors for fire ignition may help inform specific siting decisions that can lower the risk that transmission, distribution, and generation infrastructure are affected by fires. Additional considerations noted in the PAD include the use of concrete or steel poles for the T & D infrastructure, which are more resistant to fire hazards than wood poles. Figure 7. 1. Annualized Fire Impact in Each Region, Based on 25-year Historical Average Source: Climate Change Knowledge Portal, \u201c Vulnerability, \u201d Niger ( 2021 ). The World Bank. Note: Value is total percent of land area ( 0. 25 grid, approximately 25 km \u00d7 25 km ) burned each year based upon all available data for 1997 \u2013 2015. The highest risk regions are in the very southern part of the Western Grid and Eastern Grid, although PAD figure 3 indicates that these are low-density regions for current infrastructure. 88 Giglio, L., J. Randerson, and G. van der Werf. 2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1347, + 1397, + "named" + ], + [ + 858, + 863, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1027, + 1038, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1102, + 1114, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1131, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1243, + 1255, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> author" + ], + [ + 1261, + 1276, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> author" + ], + [ + 1278, + 1282, + "Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database is a structured collection of data used for analyzing fire emissions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a dataset in the context of analysis", + "follows specific analysis mentioned", + "used in a scientific journal indicating structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database' is clearly identified as a dataset. It is used in a research context, specifically mentioned in an analysis of burned areas which implies that it contains structured records of fire emissions that researchers would leverage for their work. The name itself suggests it is a comprehensive database focused on fire emissions data. While there is a potential for confusion with it being perceived as a platform or system for data storage, the phrasing of how it\u2019s presented (as a central source for the analysis) affirms its classification as a dataset rather than just a generic project or MIS. If it was mentioned just as a system or project without specifying its usage in analysis, it might have led to a different judgment. However, given that it is front and center in a scientific paper discussing the data, it is decidedly classified as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its explicit use in scientific analysis and its context within a peer-reviewed research article." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 174, + "text": "However, given the substantial portion of the country that is desert, the actual occurrence of fires on an annual basis is less than 5 percent ( figure 7. 1 ). Over a 30-year period, however, even a 5 percent annual risk translates to a 78 percent chance that at least one fire event will occur. An assessment of land that has less dense vegetation or other factors for fire ignition may help inform specific siting decisions that can lower the risk that transmission, distribution, and generation infrastructure are affected by fires. Additional considerations noted in the PAD include the use of concrete or steel poles for the T & D infrastructure, which are more resistant to fire hazards than wood poles. Figure 7. 1. Annualized Fire Impact in Each Region, Based on 25-year Historical Average Source: Climate Change Knowledge Portal, \u201c Vulnerability, \u201d Niger ( 2021 ). The World Bank. Note: Value is total percent of land area ( 0. 25 grid, approximately 25 km \u00d7 25 km ) burned each year based upon all available data for 1997 \u2013 2015. The highest risk regions are in the very southern part of the Western Grid and Eastern Grid, although PAD figure 3 indicates that these are low-density regions for current infrastructure. 88 Giglio, L., J. Randerson, and G. van der Werf. 2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1400, + 1405, + "named" + ], + [ + 858, + 863, + "GFED4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1027, + 1038, + "GFED4 <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1102, + 1114, + "GFED4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1131, + "GFED4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1243, + 1255, + "GFED4 <> author" + ], + [ + 1261, + 1276, + "GFED4 <> author" + ], + [ + 1278, + 1282, + "GFED4 <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2013. \u201c Analysis of Daily, Monthly, and Annual Burned Area Using the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database ( GFED4 ). \u201d Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences 118 ( 1 ): 317 \u2013 328.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "GFED4 is a structured collection of data used for analyzing burned area and fire emissions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database", + "used for analyzing burned area and fire emissions", + "appears in the title of a journal article, indicating it is a specific data collection for research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'GFED4' refers to the Fourth Generation Global Fire Emissions Database, which is explicitly mentioned in the context of analyzing burned areas and emissions from fires. The title of the journal article indicates that it is a structured dataset used in their research, which plays a role in determining its nature as a dataset. The phrase 'Fourth \u2010 Generation Global Fire Emissions Database' clearly positions it as a data source rather than just a project name or a broad management system. Though one might wonder if it could be treated merely as a project associated with data, the context strongly showcases its function as a dataset, specifically designed for empirical analysis. Therefore, it is clearly a dataset here, and any confusion might stem from the complex naming convention that involves project and database-like terms. However, the explicit mention of its role in a research analysis strongly corroborates its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFED4 refers specifically to the Fourth Generation Global Fire Emissions Database, which is utilized in empirical research on burned areas and fire emissions, thus qualifying it clearly as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "039_Niger-First-Phase-of-Accelerating-Electricity-Access-Project", + "page": 177, + "text": "Extreme heat has impacts on energy demand ( cooling for buildings ), energy generation ( systems that require thermal cooling ), T & D efficiency, transformer life, and potential increases to other hazards already of concern in the region, including drought and wildfire risk. During the coming decades, climate change is projected to further exacerbate extreme temperatures throughout the country. Figure 7. 5 shows the increased annual 7-day maximum average temperature for each decade, relative to the historical values. Values are presented in degrees Celsius92 for the 2030 and 2040 decades for a median ( 50th percentile ) and higher-end ( 95th percentile ) climate model. In most locations, the increase in maximum temperatures over a 7-day average across each decade is approximately 1. 5 \u2013 90 FATHOM Flooding Data ( Pluvial, Fluvial ). The World Bank Group ( 2021 ). 91 Hirabayashi, Y., R. Mahendran, S. Koirala, L. Konoshima, D. Yamazaki, S. Watanabe, H. Kim, and S. Kanae. 2013. \u201c Global Flood Risk under Climate Change. \u201d Nature Climate Change 3: 816 \u2013 821. 92 Decadal values represent the average of the annual 7-day maximum average temperature for each year within the corresponding decade. The 2030 decade represents the average value for 2030 \u2013 39, for example. Values are the increase, in degrees Celsius, above the 30-year historical baseline ( calculated as the average of annual 7-day maximum temperatures from 1970 to 1999 ). Calculations completed by the authors, based on data from NASA Center for Climate Simulation, NASA NEX-GDDP ( 2019 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1541, + 1554, + "named" + ], + [ + 1431, + 1443, + "NASA NEX-GDDP <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1541, + 1545, + "NASA NEX-GDDP <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1557, + 1561, + "NASA NEX-GDDP <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Values are the increase, in degrees Celsius, above the 30-year historical baseline ( calculated as the average of annual 7-day maximum temperatures from 1970 to 1999 ). Calculations completed by the authors, based on data from NASA Center for Climate Simulation, NASA NEX-GDDP ( 2019 ).", + "type": "climate data", + "explanation": "NASA NEX-GDDP is a dataset that provides climate model data, which is structured and used for research and analysis related to climate change.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on data from\u2019", + "described as containing climate model data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NASA NEX-GDDP' is directly tied to the phrase 'based on data from,' which signals that it is being treated as a source of data for the analysis described. The context suggests that this is not just any project or system but rather a specific dataset that provides structured climate model outputs. Given that it is indicated as part of a description that quantifies climate change metrics, it aligns well with the characteristics of a dataset. A potential confusion point could arise from the moniker sounding like a project name; however, the explicit mention of data usage supports its classification as a dataset in this instance. It\u2019s crucial to differentiate between datasets and systems by noting the phrasing and the active role it plays in providing data for the calculations.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NASA NEX-GDDP' is a dataset because it is referred to as a source of data used for calculations related to climate analysis, specifically linked by the phrase 'based on data from.'" + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "Safety surveillance \u2022 Vaccine safety surveillance approach is aligned with WHO recommendations to detect serious AEFIs to provide timely data that can be shared with relevant stakeholders for rapid action. \u2022 AEFI plan is currently being finalized with preparations for training and implementation activities underway. Demand generation and communication \u2022 A demand generation and community engagement plan for optimizing the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine has been developed in collaboration with the World Bank, UNICEF, and WHO and is included as an annex in the NDVP. \u2022 The communication and demand generation plan incorporates social and behavioral data from a national Facebook survey, which gathered data on vaccine hesitancy in the population, and is aimed at \u2022 Adoption of the communication by the high-level government bodies is instrumental in ensuring its successful implementation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 673, + 688, + "named" + ], + [ + 630, + 656, + "Facebook survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 664, + 672, + "Facebook survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 705, + 730, + "Facebook survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Demand generation and communication \u2022 A demand generation and community engagement plan for optimizing the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine has been developed in collaboration with the World Bank, UNICEF, and WHO and is included as an annex in the NDVP. \u2022 The communication and demand generation plan incorporates social and behavioral data from a national Facebook survey, which gathered data on vaccine hesitancy in the population, and is aimed at \u2022 Adoption of the communication by the high-level government bodies is instrumental in ensuring its successful implementation.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered from a national survey on vaccine hesitancy, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'social and behavioral data from'", + "described as gathering data on vaccine hesitancy", + "explicitly identified as a survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Facebook survey' is treated as a legitimate dataset rather than a project or system. The phrase precedes 'social and behavioral data from,' which strongly indicates that the data collected is a critical source for the analysis presented. It explicitly references a national survey focusing on vaccine hesitancy, providing the relevant context that signals it is an organized collection of data. Even though 'Facebook survey' may evoke thoughts of a platform or a research project involving Facebook, the terminology used here defines it more clearly as a dataset. Confusion might arise because 'survey' could be misconstrued as a tool or methodology rather than the outputs of that method \u2014 the structured dataset that results from the survey. However, due to direct attribution indicating it as a source of data, it is ultimately classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Facebook survey' is identified as a dataset in this context because it directly follows a phrase denoting data extraction and is described as a source of structured data on vaccine hesitancy." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "To ensure that communities can engage nevertheless, the project will actively engage with citizens to collect feedback on project performance, including through the use of the Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring ( IBM ) survey and social media surveys. Findings from such surveys will be used to improve the communication campaign and citizen engagement. Through the IBM, as well as social media surveys, engagement with community and religious leaders, especially in remote areas, will ensure the inclusion of their ongoing feedback in the rollout and implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign to strengthen targeting accuracy and increase uptake. To ensure citizen engagement, the project will: ( a ) ensure community engagement teams are gender-balanced; ( b ) target messages to areas where vulnerable groups, including refugees and IDPs, reside to inform them about safety measures and benefits; ( c ) tailor messages to the elderly and those with medical risks including their target family members and health care providers; and ( d ) provide information for disabled people in accessible formats, like Braille, large print; text captioning; videos etc. The project will also explore the possibility of including NGO representation in oversight bodies established to oversee transparent and inclusive administration of vaccines. H. Gender 87.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 176, + 223, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To ensure that communities can engage nevertheless, the project will actively engage with citizens to collect feedback on project performance, including through the use of the Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring ( IBM ) survey and social media surveys. Findings from such surveys will be used to improve the communication campaign and citizen engagement.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring (IBM) survey is a structured collection of data used to gather feedback on project performance, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018through the use of\u2026\u2019", + "described as a survey that collects feedback", + "indicates a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring ( IBM ) survey' refers to a structured mechanism used to gather data on project performance. The phrase 'through the use of' explicitly indicates it is being employed for data collection, suggesting it acts as a concrete source of information. While the name might imply a program or framework, the context makes it clear that it performs a function similar to a dataset\u2014collecting structured data from participants. The confusion could arise from interpreting 'survey' as simply a method of data collection rather than as a distinct source that yields measurable results, but the explicit mention of its usage for collecting feedback clarifies its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring (IBM) survey functions as a dataset in this context because it explicitly serves to collect data regarding project performance, making it a concrete source of structured information." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "Gender inequities and norms influence access to critical health services, as well as risk of exposure to disease, particularly in emergency situations and pandemics. Factors that constrain access to and use of health services by women in Iraq include limited mobility and financial capacity, competing demands of paid and unpaid work, and limited access to information. 10 The reported incidence of COVID-19 is higher among men than women \u2013 59 percent of registered COVID-19 cases in Iraq to date were among men. Moreover, women have also been impacted by the discontinuity of essential RMNCAH-N services, including for maternal and sexual and reproductive health, and GBV. 11 The GBV Information Management System ( GBVIMS ) has recorded a marked rise in the number of reported incidents of violence in 2020. 12 10 UN Women ( 2018 ), Gender Profile - Iraq, A situation analysis on gender equality and women empowerment in Iraq. 11 UN Women ( 2020 ). Report on the Impact of COVID-19 on Women. 12 Gender Based Violence Information Management System Annual Narrative Report. January \u2013 December 2020. https: / / iraq. unfpa. org / sites / default / files / resource-pdf / gbvims_narrative_report_of_2020. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 681, + 714, + "named" + ], + [ + 238, + 242, + "GBV Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 484, + 488, + "GBV Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 770, + 800, + "GBV Information Management System <> data description" + ], + [ + 804, + 808, + "GBV Information Management System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 816, + 824, + "GBV Information Management System <> author" + ], + [ + 852, + 856, + "GBV Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 923, + 927, + "GBV Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 932, + 940, + "GBV Information Management System <> author" + ], + [ + 943, + 947, + "GBV Information Management System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1093, + 1097, + "GBV Information Management System <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Moreover, women have also been impacted by the discontinuity of essential RMNCAH-N services, including for maternal and sexual and reproductive health, and GBV. 11 The GBV Information Management System ( GBVIMS ) has recorded a marked rise in the number of reported incidents of violence in 2020. 12 10 UN Women ( 2018 ), Gender Profile - Iraq, A situation analysis on gender equality and women empowerment in Iraq.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GBV Information Management System is a structured collection of data that records incidents of gender-based violence, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a system rather than a concrete dataset", + "refers to a project rather than explicitly indicating it serves as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'GBV Information Management System' is characterized explicitly as an information management system that has recorded incidents of gender-based violence. The term follows a discussion about health services and indicates its functionality\u2014recording incidents\u2014rather than acting as a standalone dataset. It is referenced in the context of system operations rather than data analysis. A model might be confused here due to the capitalized name and the phrasing that suggests it has a role similar to a dataset; however, it is primarily framed as an infrastructure tool providing a service (i.e., recording data), rather than being the final analytical dataset itself. The language used does not explicitly state it is the dataset being analyzed, which is critical in drawing the line between a system and a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'GBV Information Management System' functions more as an information management system rather than as an explicit dataset for analysis, hence it is not categorized as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "Gender inequities and norms influence access to critical health services, as well as risk of exposure to disease, particularly in emergency situations and pandemics. Factors that constrain access to and use of health services by women in Iraq include limited mobility and financial capacity, competing demands of paid and unpaid work, and limited access to information. 10 The reported incidence of COVID-19 is higher among men than women \u2013 59 percent of registered COVID-19 cases in Iraq to date were among men. Moreover, women have also been impacted by the discontinuity of essential RMNCAH-N services, including for maternal and sexual and reproductive health, and GBV. 11 The GBV Information Management System ( GBVIMS ) has recorded a marked rise in the number of reported incidents of violence in 2020. 12 10 UN Women ( 2018 ), Gender Profile - Iraq, A situation analysis on gender equality and women empowerment in Iraq. 11 UN Women ( 2020 ). Report on the Impact of COVID-19 on Women. 12 Gender Based Violence Information Management System Annual Narrative Report. January \u2013 December 2020. https: / / iraq. unfpa. org / sites / default / files / resource-pdf / gbvims_narrative_report_of_2020. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 997, + 1048, + "named" + ], + [ + 238, + 242, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 484, + 488, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 523, + 528, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 717, + 723, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 804, + 808, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 816, + 824, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> author" + ], + [ + 852, + 856, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 923, + 927, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 932, + 940, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> author" + ], + [ + 943, + 947, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1093, + 1097, + "Gender Based Violence Information Management System <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Report on the Impact of COVID-19 on Women. 12 Gender Based Violence Information Management System Annual Narrative Report. January \u2013 December 2020.", + "type": "information management system", + "explanation": "The Gender Based Violence Information Management System (GBVIMS) is a structured collection of data that records incidents of gender-based violence, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information management system", + "mentioned alongside a report, indicating it may not be the primary data source", + "suggested as a structured collection of data, but emphasis is on it being a management system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Gender Based Violence Information Management System' is explicitly referred to as a system, which suggests it serves as an infrastructure that manages and organizes data rather than being the primary dataset itself. The phrase 'Annual Narrative Report' indicates that the text is referencing a report compiled based on data from this system rather than directly using 'the dataset'. The model may have been misled by the presence of the word 'data' in the context description and the structured nature of the system's function. While it does record incidents of gender-based violence, its primary role appears to be as a management system for this data rather than as a standalone dataset. Therefore, while it contains data, it is more accurate to view it as a tool or system that houses the data rather than a fully formed dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of 'Gender Based Violence Information Management System' in this context behaves more as a management information system rather than a dataset, as it indicates how data is organized and reported rather than serving as the direct source of analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "The World Bank Iraq COVID-19 Vaccination Project ( P177038 ) Page 34 of 54 88. COVID-19 vaccine uptake is lower among women in Iraq. According to the findings of the Facebook survey conducted under I3RF, only 25 percent of female respondents indicated they would get vaccinated when the COVID - 19 vaccine is made available compared to 40 percent of male respondents. Actual vaccination coverage shows more stark gender differences in uptake, with men receiving approximately 65 percent of vaccines delivered to date. 13 Until recently, nursing mothers and pregnant women were not eligible to receive COVID-19 vaccines. This can also partly explain the lower vaccination rates among women. 89. Lack of understanding of the benefits and importance of the vaccine could have serious repercussions in the uptake among priority population groups, especially women who have more limited options to access information than men. For example, 67 percent of women in Iraq use the Internet compared to 84 percent of men. These gender dimensions intersect with other inequities, particularly for populations that are poor, with limited access to formal education, living in hard-to-reach areas, temporary or informal settlements, or living with disabilities. 90. Specific considerations in terms of media tools and messaging will be made when targeting women, men, and vulnerable populations in rural areas who are much more likely to have limited access to information.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 166, + 181, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "Facebook survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 127, + 131, + "Facebook survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 223, + 241, + "Facebook survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 350, + 366, + "Facebook survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 958, + 962, + "Facebook survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "COVID-19 vaccine uptake is lower among women in Iraq. According to the findings of the Facebook survey conducted under I3RF, only 25 percent of female respondents indicated they would get vaccinated when the COVID - 19 vaccine is made available compared to 40 percent of male respondents. Actual vaccination coverage shows more stark gender differences in uptake, with men receiving approximately 65 percent of vaccines delivered to date.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Facebook survey' refers to a structured collection of data regarding COVID-19 vaccine uptake among different demographics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as findings of a survey", + "provides quantitative data on demographics", + "follows \u2018according to the findings of\u2019" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Facebook survey' is used in the context of presenting specific findings related to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among different demographics. The sentence specifies that these findings come from an actual survey, which implies that the collected data is structured and quantitative. Since survey results typically provide a coherent set of information that can be analyzed statistically, it can be classified as a dataset. Although 'Facebook survey' could be interpreted as a project or a platform, in this context, it is clearly tied to the presentation of concrete data results, thus supporting its identification as a dataset. A potential confusion factor for models might arise from the name 'Facebook', which can sound like a broader initiative or branding rather than focusing on the actual data produced by the survey.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Facebook survey' refers to specific findings from an organized survey that yielded data on vaccine uptake, thereby qualifying it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Iraq COVID-19 Vaccination Project ( P177038 ) Page 44 of 54 on a regular basis in the last quarter Percentage of vaccination sites with functional cold chain The project will track the continuous functionality of the cold supply chain to ensure that vaccines are - at all times - maintained at optimal condition until being administered to beneficiaries 3 months MOHE and TPMA reports TPM MOHE / TPMA Percentage of reported serious AEFI cases for which investigations were initiated within 48 hours This indicator will measure the percentage of reported serious Adverse Events Following Immunization ( AEFI ) post COVID-19 vaccinations that have been reported to the Iraqi MOHE surveillance system, GRM and other channels that have been addressed and investigated within 48 hours of reporting to the total number of reported AEFIs. The aim is to measure the adequate and timely response and investigation to the reported AEFIs reported post COVID-19 vaccinations. 3 months Iraq MOHE surveillance system, GRM data, MOHE incident reporting and media sources.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 682, + 712, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "Iraqi MOHE surveillance system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 114, + 172, + "Iraqi MOHE surveillance system <> data description" + ], + [ + 416, + 457, + "Iraqi MOHE surveillance system <> data description" + ], + [ + 988, + 992, + "Iraqi MOHE surveillance system <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Iraq COVID-19 Vaccination Project ( P177038 ) Page 44 of 54 on a regular basis in the last quarter Percentage of vaccination sites with functional cold chain The project will track the continuous functionality of the cold supply chain to ensure that vaccines are - at all times - maintained at optimal condition until being administered to beneficiaries 3 months MOHE and TPMA reports TPM MOHE / TPMA Percentage of reported serious AEFI cases for which investigations were initiated within 48 hours This indicator will measure the percentage of reported serious Adverse Events Following Immunization ( AEFI ) post COVID-19 vaccinations that have been reported to the Iraqi MOHE surveillance system, GRM and other channels that have been addressed and investigated within 48 hours of reporting to the total number of reported AEFIs. The aim is to measure the adequate and timely response and investigation to the reported AEFIs reported post COVID-19 vaccinations.", + "type": "surveillance system", + "explanation": "The Iraqi MOHE surveillance system is a structured collection of data related to health surveillance, specifically tracking adverse events following immunization.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned only as a surveillance system, not as a primary data source; described in relation to investigations rather than data collection; follows specific indicators for measuring outcomes instead of detailing data collections; likely a management information system (MIS)", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Iraqi MOHE surveillance system' is referred to as part of a larger discussion about health management, particularly tracking adverse events following immunization. The phrases surrounding it suggest that it is functioning as an operational system or process for reporting and managing information regarding vaccine-related incidents, rather than being a standalone dataset that could be directly analyzed. This distinction is crucial because while such systems do contain data, the term is indicative of a broader framework for handling that data rather than constituting a dataset itself. This confusion might arise because the term 'surveillance system' implies a structured data collection mechanism, which can mislead the model to label it as a dataset when it is more accurately classified as a system or tool that organizes, records, and manages data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Iraqi MOHE surveillance system' is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it functions more as a management information system that tracks adverse events rather than representing an independent data source." + }, + { + "filename": "040_Iraq-COVID-19-Vaccination-Project", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Iraq COVID-19 Vaccination Project ( P177038 ) Page 44 of 54 on a regular basis in the last quarter Percentage of vaccination sites with functional cold chain The project will track the continuous functionality of the cold supply chain to ensure that vaccines are - at all times - maintained at optimal condition until being administered to beneficiaries 3 months MOHE and TPMA reports TPM MOHE / TPMA Percentage of reported serious AEFI cases for which investigations were initiated within 48 hours This indicator will measure the percentage of reported serious Adverse Events Following Immunization ( AEFI ) post COVID-19 vaccinations that have been reported to the Iraqi MOHE surveillance system, GRM and other channels that have been addressed and investigated within 48 hours of reporting to the total number of reported AEFIs. The aim is to measure the adequate and timely response and investigation to the reported AEFIs reported post COVID-19 vaccinations. 3 months Iraq MOHE surveillance system, GRM data, MOHE incident reporting and media sources.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 714, + 717, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Iraq COVID-19 Vaccination Project ( P177038 ) Page 44 of 54 on a regular basis in the last quarter Percentage of vaccination sites with functional cold chain The project will track the continuous functionality of the cold supply chain to ensure that vaccines are - at all times - maintained at optimal condition until being administered to beneficiaries 3 months MOHE and TPMA reports TPM MOHE / TPMA Percentage of reported serious AEFI cases for which investigations were initiated within 48 hours This indicator will measure the percentage of reported serious Adverse Events Following Immunization ( AEFI ) post COVID-19 vaccinations that have been reported to the Iraqi MOHE surveillance system, GRM and other channels that have been addressed and investigated within 48 hours of reporting to the total number of reported AEFIs. The aim is to measure the adequate and timely response and investigation to the reported AEFIs reported post COVID-19 vaccinations.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "GRM refers to a concept related to the governance and reporting mechanisms, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside the MOHE surveillance system and other channels", + "described as part of the reporting mechanisms, not a structured dataset", + "no indication of structured records or statistical data being contained" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GRM' stands for a governance and reporting mechanism rather than a dataset. It appears in conjunction with the Iraqi MOHE surveillance system and is part of a description focused on the management of reports regarding adverse events. The text does not provide evidence of 'GRM' acting as a standalone source of structured data, which is key for classifying something as a dataset. The model might have confused 'GRM' as a dataset because it was listed within a context related to reporting and evaluation, leading to the assumption that it contained quantifiable records. However, the surrounding text suggests that it is more of a framework for accountability rather than a collection of raw or processed data. Based on these insights, it is clear that GRM is a mechanism rather than a dataset per se.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GRM is not a dataset in this context as it refers to a governance and reporting mechanism rather than a source of structured data, and it does not indicate the presence of records or statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "To increase efficiency and transparency of land management, two web-based platforms aimed at assessing land and real estate value ( SIEBI ) and managing cadastral and land information ( SYCAD ) were recently developed by the Government with support from the Danish development cooperation. These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance. In parallel, the Government has started to lay the core foundations of a National Spatial Data Infrastructure ( NSDI ) in collaboration with the UN Global Geospatial Information Management. The adoption of a geospatial roadmap will help government agencies to agree on common data standards, mutualize investments in geospatial services and infrastructure, and eventually make land and mining information interoperable with other common territorial datasets for better natural resources and land use management, thereby enhancing the possibilities for a climate resilient development. Currently, additional resources and technical expertise are required to advance this agenda. The Mining Sector 16. Mining brought the most important structural change to Burkina Faso \u2019 s economy over the last decade. Its share of GDP increased from 0. 8 percent in 2008 to 10. 4 percent in 2019; and of export from an insignificant number to about 70 percent for the same period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 132, + 137, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To increase efficiency and transparency of land management, two web-based platforms aimed at assessing land and real estate value ( SIEBI ) and managing cadastral and land information ( SYCAD ) were recently developed by the Government with support from the Danish development cooperation. These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "SIEBI is described as a web-based platform aimed at assessing land and real estate value, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a web-based platform", + "project for assessing land and real estate value", + "mentioned alongside another platform (SYCAD), which is also not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, SIEBI is clearly identified as a web-based platform aimed at a specific function \u2013 assessing land and real estate value. While it may involve data in its processes, the text does not describe it as a dataset or a structured collection of records that can be analyzed independently. The presence of the phrase 'web-based platform' is a strong indicator that SIEBI functions as a system or tool rather than a dataset. Moreover, it is presented in a list alongside SYCAD, which is similarly described and directs further focus on them both being platforms or systems, rather than sources of datasets. The earlier judgment correctly identified this as a teaching point on distinguishing between what constitutes a dataset versus a tool or system for managing data. A model may have been confused because it could misinterpret 'SIEBI' as referring to a data source due to its presentational structure and functions outlined in the text, especially seeing it back-to-back with other entities potentially seen as data-rich.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SIEBI is not treated as a dataset here because it is defined as a web-based platform rather than a structured data collection. The context emphasizes its role as a system for assessing value, indicating it serves a functional role rather than being a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "To increase efficiency and transparency of land management, two web-based platforms aimed at assessing land and real estate value ( SIEBI ) and managing cadastral and land information ( SYCAD ) were recently developed by the Government with support from the Danish development cooperation. These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance. In parallel, the Government has started to lay the core foundations of a National Spatial Data Infrastructure ( NSDI ) in collaboration with the UN Global Geospatial Information Management. The adoption of a geospatial roadmap will help government agencies to agree on common data standards, mutualize investments in geospatial services and infrastructure, and eventually make land and mining information interoperable with other common territorial datasets for better natural resources and land use management, thereby enhancing the possibilities for a climate resilient development. Currently, additional resources and technical expertise are required to advance this agenda. The Mining Sector 16. Mining brought the most important structural change to Burkina Faso \u2019 s economy over the last decade. Its share of GDP increased from 0. 8 percent in 2008 to 10. 4 percent in 2019; and of export from an insignificant number to about 70 percent for the same period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 186, + 191, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To increase efficiency and transparency of land management, two web-based platforms aimed at assessing land and real estate value ( SIEBI ) and managing cadastral and land information ( SYCAD ) were recently developed by the Government with support from the Danish development cooperation. These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "SYCAD is described as a web-based platform for managing cadastral and land information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a web-based platform", + "aimed at managing cadastral and land information", + "not presented as a structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SYCAD' is referred to as a web-based platform that serves a specific functional role related to land management and information. The language surrounding it, such as 'managing cadastral and land information', suggests that it facilitates or processes data rather than constituting a dataset. The mention of an efficient network and server infrastructure further supports the idea that SYCAD functions as a tool or system. In contrast to traditional datasets which are typically static collections of structured data, SYCAD appears to be dynamic and operational in nature. This distinction helps in determining that it should not be categorized as a dataset. A model might confuse this due to its capitalized format, which indicates a proper name, and its context of being discussed alongside another platform, which could mislead one into thinking it is a collection of relevant data. However, the description aligns more with a system than an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SYCAD is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is introduced as a platform for managing information rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "To increase efficiency and transparency of land management, two web-based platforms aimed at assessing land and real estate value ( SIEBI ) and managing cadastral and land information ( SYCAD ) were recently developed by the Government with support from the Danish development cooperation. These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance. In parallel, the Government has started to lay the core foundations of a National Spatial Data Infrastructure ( NSDI ) in collaboration with the UN Global Geospatial Information Management. The adoption of a geospatial roadmap will help government agencies to agree on common data standards, mutualize investments in geospatial services and infrastructure, and eventually make land and mining information interoperable with other common territorial datasets for better natural resources and land use management, thereby enhancing the possibilities for a climate resilient development. Currently, additional resources and technical expertise are required to advance this agenda. The Mining Sector 16. Mining brought the most important structural change to Burkina Faso \u2019 s economy over the last decade. Its share of GDP increased from 0. 8 percent in 2008 to 10. 4 percent in 2019; and of export from an insignificant number to about 70 percent for the same period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 537, + 573, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These platforms remain to be tested, integrated and rolled out nationwide, and an efficient network and server infrastructure must be set up for their effective performance. In parallel, the Government has started to lay the core foundations of a National Spatial Data Infrastructure ( NSDI ) in collaboration with the UN Global Geospatial Information Management. The adoption of a geospatial roadmap will help government agencies to agree on common data standards, mutualize investments in geospatial services and infrastructure, and eventually make land and mining information interoperable with other common territorial datasets for better natural resources and land use management, thereby enhancing the possibilities for a climate resilient development.", + "type": "infrastructure", + "explanation": "The National Spatial Data Infrastructure refers to a framework for managing spatial data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a framework for managing spatial data rather than a specific dataset", + "mentioned in the context of establishing geospatial services and standards", + "implies collaboration and infrastructure setup rather than referring to a single collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'National Spatial Data Infrastructure' appears more as a conceptual framework or infrastructure for managing spatial data rather than a concrete dataset containing structured records. The term is presented in a context where the text discusses establishing foundational elements for effective geospatial services, which suggests it is about the organizational and technological aspects surrounding data rather than the data itself. The model might have been confused due to the capitalization and formal naming, which suggests a specific entity, and the proximity to discussions about common data standards, which could imply it holds or encompasses datasets. However, upon closer analysis, it is clear that this term refers to the broader system of infrastructure, making it more apt to be understood as an enabler of data rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Spatial Data Infrastructure is not considered a dataset in this context; it refers to a framework for managing and integrating spatial data rather than a specific collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "Agriculture, gender, education, decentralization departments all have specific roles and responsibilities for a proper management of the sectors. The project will provide: ( a ) training and equipment for relevant departments including those in charge of agriculture, gender, children, decentralization, and education to promote an inclusive and climate resilient management of land and mining including awareness of climate change risks and impacts; ( b ) consultative coordination of inter-ministerial group of experts for land and mining matters supported by external facilitators and coaches to assist in establishing more efficient communication channels to properly use the Information Decision Support System tool and other related modules which have a wide inter-ministerial reach; ( c ) support for addressing drivers of conflict and risks to gender and children, and to stimulate income generating activities; and ( d ) security protocols with police and gendarmes in the areas of operations of BUMIGEB, ANEEMAS, and land agencies to mitigate security risks for project activities. COMPONENT 2: STRENGTHENING OF LAND AND MINING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AND IMPROVING LAND TENURE SECURITY ( US $ 72 MILLION EQUIVALENT ) 37. The objective of this component is to modernize information management systems in land and mining and strengthen land tenure security through capacity building and systematic registration of land rights. This component will support the production of cadastral base maps, the development of a new Land Information System ( LIS ), the modernization of the mining cadastre, the collection of geo-data, and the provision of capacity building to support land registration and the systematic registration of land rights. The delineation of classified forests and their exclusion from mining licensing and climate friendly revegetation of closed mine land sites will", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1527, + 1550, + "named" + ], + [ + 1481, + 1500, + "Land Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 1553, + 1556, + "Land Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1620, + 1628, + "Land Information System <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The objective of this component is to modernize information management systems in land and mining and strengthen land tenure security through capacity building and systematic registration of land rights. This component will support the production of cadastral base maps, the development of a new Land Information System ( LIS ), the modernization of the mining cadastre, the collection of geo-data, and the provision of capacity building to support land registration and the systematic registration of land rights. The delineation of classified forests and their exclusion from mining licensing and climate friendly revegetation of closed mine land sites will", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Land Information System is a structured collection of data used for managing land information, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a new Land Information System", + "mentioned in a list of systems supporting information management", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Land Information System' appears to be positioned more as an information management system aimed at facilitating a variety of land management tasks including capacity building and systematic registration of land rights. The phrase 'development of a new Land Information System' suggests that this is more akin to a project or initiative to establish a framework for managing land data, rather than the dataset itself. While it could contain datasets as part of its operations, it is not identified as a dataset in this excerpt, as there are no indicators that suggest it is being used as an active data source. A model might have confused it for a dataset because it is capitalized and mentioned alongside data-related tasks, but it doesn't fulfill the criteria of being an actual data source in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Land Information System' is better understood as an information management initiative rather than a dataset, as it is not identified as a data source but rather as a tool or system being developed." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "Also, new recurrent strikes in the civil service could affect the Government \u2019 s ability to deliver activities in a timely manner, in particular on public procurement side. This risk will be mitigated by capacity strengthening for the PITs which have their relative autonomy. 123. Fragility, Conflict and Violence ( others ) risk is rated High. Insecurity in Burkina Faso has dramatically increased since mid-2018. It poses risks especially in rural areas and will impact the capacity to deploy technical staff in regions and rural areas. The 71 communes selected for implementation of the land component, and the areas of activities for ANEEMAS and BUMIGEB ( respectively for ASM, and geoscience ) were selected to be outside of the high conflict zones. However, the situation is dynamic and will be closely monitored during implementation. The spatial lens of the fragile areas developed under the Scaling up to deliver in Sahel IDA19 program and updated security information will be used to inform and prioritize areas of project interventions. High intensity conflict areas will not be covered by the project. Insecurity remains the key risk to mining and to prospects for Burkina Faso to attract new investments despite its potential. The project will support investment de-risking activities though geoscientific investigations, strengthened institutional capacities and governance. Based on the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 638, + 645, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It poses risks especially in rural areas and will impact the capacity to deploy technical staff in regions and rural areas. The 71 communes selected for implementation of the land component, and the areas of activities for ANEEMAS and BUMIGEB ( respectively for ASM, and geoscience ) were selected to be outside of the high conflict zones. However, the situation is dynamic and will be closely monitored during implementation.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "ANEEMAS refers to a program related to activities in the mining sector, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "not described as a data source", + "no indication of containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, ANEEMAS is presented as a program associated with implementing land activities in rural areas. There's no indication that it serves as a repository for structured data or is used for data collection. The surrounding text discusses risks and implementation strategies rather than data-driven insights or information derived from a dataset. The model may have been led to believe it's a dataset due to the capitalized format that resembles proper names of datasets and its positioning alongside another program, BUMIGEB, also related to a specific sector (ASM and geoscience), which might add a layer of confusion for models looking for clear dataset mentions. However, without explicit reference to data usage or records, it's evidenced more as a project name than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ANEEMAS is a project related to activities in the mining sector rather than a specific dataset; it does not serve as a concrete source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "Also, new recurrent strikes in the civil service could affect the Government \u2019 s ability to deliver activities in a timely manner, in particular on public procurement side. This risk will be mitigated by capacity strengthening for the PITs which have their relative autonomy. 123. Fragility, Conflict and Violence ( others ) risk is rated High. Insecurity in Burkina Faso has dramatically increased since mid-2018. It poses risks especially in rural areas and will impact the capacity to deploy technical staff in regions and rural areas. The 71 communes selected for implementation of the land component, and the areas of activities for ANEEMAS and BUMIGEB ( respectively for ASM, and geoscience ) were selected to be outside of the high conflict zones. However, the situation is dynamic and will be closely monitored during implementation. The spatial lens of the fragile areas developed under the Scaling up to deliver in Sahel IDA19 program and updated security information will be used to inform and prioritize areas of project interventions. High intensity conflict areas will not be covered by the project. Insecurity remains the key risk to mining and to prospects for Burkina Faso to attract new investments despite its potential. The project will support investment de-risking activities though geoscientific investigations, strengthened institutional capacities and governance. Based on the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 650, + 657, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It poses risks especially in rural areas and will impact the capacity to deploy technical staff in regions and rural areas. The 71 communes selected for implementation of the land component, and the areas of activities for ANEEMAS and BUMIGEB ( respectively for ASM, and geoscience ) were selected to be outside of the high conflict zones. However, the situation is dynamic and will be closely monitored during implementation.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "BUMIGEB refers to an organization involved in geoscience activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to activities for a project", + "not described as a data source", + "institution rather than a dataset per se" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'BUMIGEB' appears to refer to an organization that is linked to geoscience activities rather than a structured dataset. There are no indications in the surrounding context that classify 'BUMIGEB' as a data source, such as phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'. Instead, the context suggests that it plays a role in implementing a land component for a project, which is more aligned with organizational activity than data collection or distribution. The potential confusion might arise because 'BUMIGEB' is capitalized and has a designation that looks like it could refer to a data repository or project name. However, it lacks the specific indicators of being a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'BUMIGEB' is an organization involved in geoscience activities rather than a dataset, as it is discussed in relation to project implementation without reference to data utilization." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 69, + "text": "The World Bank Support to Land and Mining Management Strengthening ( P169267 ) Page 63 of 95 Number of days to process exploration titles Number of days for the mining cadastre to process exploration titles Annual Mining Cadastre Average days for the processing of exploration titles by the mining cadastre. Mining cadastre and PIT Number of 1 50 000 maps established Number of 1 50 000 maps with notices established with various degree carr\u00e9 and in terms of \" feuilles \". Annual Reports, maps, notices New maps of \" feuilles \" in degree carr\u00e9 of Burkina Faso established Women participating in the consultation process for systematic registration This indicator measures the level of participation of women during the consultation process, before the start of, and during, the systematic registration process. Semi Annual Project progress reports Consultation minutes, field activities reports MINEFID / PIT The land information system ( LIS ) is designed, implemented, operational, including a Web Portal that enables public access to the national land cadastre data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 895, + 902, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual Reports, maps, notices New maps of \" feuilles \" in degree carr\u00e9 of Burkina Faso established Women participating in the consultation process for systematic registration This indicator measures the level of participation of women during the consultation process, before the start of, and during, the systematic registration process. Semi Annual Project progress reports Consultation minutes, field activities reports MINEFID / PIT The land information system ( LIS ) is designed, implemented, operational, including a Web Portal that enables public access to the national land cadastre data.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEFID refers to an organization involved in land and mining management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside project documents", + "described as a land information system", + "not explicitly indicated as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the presented context, MINEFID is described as a land information system (LIS), which indicates a tool or platform rather than a concrete dataset. While it may store and provide access to data, it is not referred to in a way that emphasizes its role as a primary data source in the analysis. The phrase 'The land information system (LIS) is designed, implemented, operational' further reinforces that it acts more as a system facilitating data access rather than a collection of structured data itself. The model might have confused the term as a dataset because it appears near phrases indicative of reporting activities and seemingly houses data, but lacks the explicit establishment as a dataset or primary data source necessary for this classification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEFID refers to a land information system, which serves as a tool for data access rather than a structured dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "041_Burkina-Faso-Support-to-Land-and-Mining-Management-Strengthening-Project", + "page": 89, + "text": "A baseline customer survey will be carried out during the first months of implementation of the project. Information on project beneficiaries will help to understand project impacts in a disaggregated manner. Data collection will support the establishment of a database for future financial and economic analysis. The PIT will be responsible for collecting and reporting data as agreed in the PM & E Section included in the PIM and reflected in the Results Framework. 182. The PIT will be responsible for implementing the Management Information System in cooperation with the respective regional / technical units in the selected regions. The data and information collection, processing and analysis system will be designed for a country-wide application. In response to the need for adequate information to develop a detailed economic and financial analysis of the project, data collection will also include: ( a ) registration cost of tenure documents ( costs of producing a land title and / or other land tenure records or rights documents ); ( b ) time required for a property transaction ( ownership transfer lease of public land, time to produce a land title ); ( c ) property valuation ( changes in market values of properties with different land tenure rights ); ( d ) difference in productivity of land with different types of tenure security attached to them ( farmland, customary, formalized tenure security, and urban and potentially commercial land ); ( e ) differences in investments in land with different types of security linked to them ( irrigation investment in titled land vs other, choice of land for commercial investments ); and ( f ) use of tenure documents to access credit and loans. 183. Implementation Support Plan ( Strategy and Approach for Implementation Support ) 184. The strategy for Project Implementation Support by the World Bank reflects the nature of the project and its risk profile. The strategy aims at making the Government more efficient while remaining focused on implementation of the risk mitigation measures identified. The strategy is also an indicative and flexible instrument which will be revisited during project implementation and as part of the Implementation Status and", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 522, + 551, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "182. The PIT will be responsible for implementing the Management Information System in cooperation with the respective regional / technical units in the selected regions. The data and information collection, processing and analysis system will be designed for a country-wide application.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Management Information System refers to a system for collecting and processing data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a system responsible for data collection and processing", + "not referenced as a source of data in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' clearly functions as a tool or infrastructure designed for collecting and processing data, rather than a standalone dataset. The use of the term refers to an operational system, emphasizing the process of data handling rather than presenting a structured dataset of records, statistics, or indicators. The phrase 'responsible for implementing' suggests that it is an organizational framework or system rather than a discrete source of data. This distinction is critical because terms like 'system' typically indicate infrastructure. A model might have confused this with a dataset due to the capitalized nature of the term and its placement in a context that discusses data handling, which often leads to assumptions about it being a data source. However, the lack of direct references to it being a dataset or enumerated with actual datasets is key in clarifying its role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' is functioning as a system for collecting and processing data and is not a specific dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "While women account for 52. 7 percent of the workforce, but nearly all of those employed work in agriculture ( 96 percent of women versus 88 percent of men ). In urban areas, 52 percent of women are engaged in non-salaried work, compared to 27 percent of men. In rural areas, only 3 percent of working women are employed in salaried work ( Figure 1 ). The lack of skills and quality jobs for women has repercussions for women \u2019 s fertility decisions, and, ultimately, for the development of Burundi ( see Box 1 ). Burundi \u2019 s Utilization-Adjusted HCI \u2014 a measure that captures how efficiently human capital is used in productive activities \u2014 is 0. 28 for men and 0. 32 for women. Figure 1. Share of Employment across Urban and Rural Areas Source: Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages au Burundi ( ECVMB, Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey ) 2013 \u2013 2014. 5. With the right institutions and policies in place, gainfully employed youth, including young women, can increase the country \u2019 s capacity to save and make crucial investments in physical capital, job training, and technological advancement, which could ultimately yield a rich demographic dividend for Burundi. Recognizing this potential, the Government has undertaken a reform agenda focused on improving access to quality education and youth employability and expanding economic opportunities for vulnerable groups such as the poor, women, and refugee and host communities. 2 Likewise, expanding 2 World Bank Group Country Partnership Framework ( CPF ) for the Period FY19 \u2013 FY23. https: / / openknowledge. worldbank. org / bitstream / handle / 10986 / 32114 / Burundi-Country-Partnership-Framework-for-the - Period-FY19-FY23. pdf? sequence = 1 & isAllowed = y; The reform agendas are outlined in Burundi \u2019 s National Development Plan ( NDP ) ( 2018 \u2013 2027 ) and its National Youth Policy ( 2016 \u2013 2026 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 813, + 858, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 498, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 514, + 521, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 526, + 550, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 796, + 803, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 861, + 872, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1179, + 1186, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1412, + 1417, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1776, + 1783, + "Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Figure 1. Share of Employment across Urban and Rural Areas Source: Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages au Burundi ( ECVMB, Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey ) 2013 \u2013 2014. 5.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze living conditions in households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of data", + "described in a formal context associated with a study", + "indicates a structured collection for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey' is presented as a source of data. The phrase 'Source: Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages au Burundi ( ECVMB, Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey )' clearly indicates that this survey provides structured data used in the analysis presented in the figure. The naming suggests it is an established set of collected data from the survey rather than a mere project name or a management information system. The model might have been confused because while it is indeed a structured survey, it formats like a project title and could potentially be interpreted as a broader initiative rather than just a dataset. However, since it explicitly serves as the source of the data used in the analysis, it is appropriate to treat it as a dataset in this instance, particularly given that it likely encompasses structured records of household living conditions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as a source of data used for analysis, indicating that it is a structured collection of information." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 24, + "text": "In Burundi, of the 80. 2 percent of the population that owns land, 62. 5 percent are men and 17. 7 percent are women. 25 Facing discrimination in customary inheritance laws and challenges in accessing formal lines of credit due to lack of collateral, female-owned businesses tend to have slower growth and lower profits than male - owned businesses. Female entrepreneurs need training that allows them to overcome social gender roles and an aversion to risk and develop an \u2018 entrepreneurial mindset \u2019 to, for example, look for ways to differentiate their business from others, anticipate problems, overcome setbacks, and foster planning skills to create opportunities. 24 Support includes providing devices and digital content and conducting basic digital skills training. The BSF has three main platforms for using education technology including \u2018 Ideas Box \u2019 ( consisting of a digital and physical library in a box ); \u2018 Ideas Cube \u2019 ( an offline server with digital content to which any wifi-enabled device can connect ); and \u2018 Kajou \u2019 ( an SD card and mobile app pre-loaded with digital content, Kajou is owned by the BSF ). 25 General Population and Housing Census 2008, as reported in Ndikumana, Alain. 2015. \u201c Gender Equality in Burundi: Why Does Support not Extend to Women \u2019 s Right to Inherit Land? \u201d Afrobarometer Policy Paper. 22.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1131, + 1168, + "named" + ], + [ + 3, + 10, + "General Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1169, + 1173, + "General Population and Housing Census <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1190, + 1206, + "General Population and Housing Census <> author" + ], + [ + 1208, + 1212, + "General Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1235, + 1242, + "General Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The BSF has three main platforms for using education technology including \u2018 Ideas Box \u2019 ( consisting of a digital and physical library in a box ); \u2018 Ideas Cube \u2019 ( an offline server with digital content to which any wifi-enabled device can connect ); and \u2018 Kajou \u2019 ( an SD card and mobile app pre-loaded with digital content, Kajou is owned by the BSF ). 25 General Population and Housing Census 2008, as reported in Ndikumana, Alain. 2015.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The General Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as data source", + "specifically refers to a census data collection", + "not described as a system or platform" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'General Population and Housing Census' refers specifically to a structured collection of demographic data that is collected through a census process. It is mentioned within a sentence that describes this census data as being reported in a work by Ndikumana. There are no indications that it is being referred to as a system or tool, which suggests that it is being used in the context of providing statistical insight. The presence of '2008' after the term solidifies it further as a reference to specific census data collection which lends itself to being treated as a dataset. A model may have been confused if the term were presented in a list of various tools or systems, which isn't the case here, and it is not capitalized as part of a platform or project name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'General Population and Housing Census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to a structured collection of census data." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "Biannual analysis of project management information by the PIU will inform project processes, allowing for timely actions and adjustments ( including learning how to better support females and minority groups ). Regular follow-ups by the frontline implementing agencies ( that is, sectoral hubs, apprenticeship CEMs, and entrepreneurship implementing agencies ) in the form of brief, agile tracer studies will be conducted, with on-the-ground support by a third party. Beneficiary surveys will be conducted by a third party annually to further measure achievement of results and inform adjustments that may be needed in project design and implementation arrangements. Periodic representative, sample-based, and unannounced monitoring visits are also expected to be conducted by third parties over the project period, to supplement internal monitoring and reporting. A midterm review will involve the project \u2019 s stakeholders to collectively review project results and implementation arrangements. 71. At the PIU, an M & E system will be set up to host and manage operational data for project indicators. The PIU will work with the general secretary in charge of technical and vocational education and trades and the Bureau of Planning and Statistics under the Permanent Secretary at MNESR to attend to links and ultimate integration between the project \u2019 s M & E system and the MNESR Education Management Information System. The M & E system will be supported by the World Bank \u2019 s Geo-Enabling for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) initiative, which leverages the use of portable ICT tools", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1016, + 1028, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "71. At the PIU, an M & E system will be set up to host and manage operational data for project indicators. The PIU will work with the general secretary in charge of technical and vocational education and trades and the Bureau of Planning and Statistics under the Permanent Secretary at MNESR to attend to links and ultimate integration between the project \u2019 s M & E system and the MNESR Education Management Information System.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The M & E system refers to a monitoring and evaluation system, which is a framework or tool rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing operational data", + "described as a tool for hosting and managing project indicators", + "not explicitly stated to contain structured data suitable for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the 'M & E system', I noted that it is characterized as a framework designed to host and manage operational data rather than a specific dataset. The mention of its role in managing project indicators suggests that it serves as an organizational tool that facilitates data management but does not directly serve as a source of structured data for analysis. A model may have been confused due to the context in which it appears; it follows phrases that suggest data usage and management, which can lead to an inference that it might be treated as a dataset. However, since there\u2019s no explicit indication that this system itself contains or provides structured data for analysis, I conclude that it is better classified as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'M & E system' is not a dataset in this context as it refers to a framework or tool for managing data rather than representing a collection of structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "Biannual analysis of project management information by the PIU will inform project processes, allowing for timely actions and adjustments ( including learning how to better support females and minority groups ). Regular follow-ups by the frontline implementing agencies ( that is, sectoral hubs, apprenticeship CEMs, and entrepreneurship implementing agencies ) in the form of brief, agile tracer studies will be conducted, with on-the-ground support by a third party. Beneficiary surveys will be conducted by a third party annually to further measure achievement of results and inform adjustments that may be needed in project design and implementation arrangements. Periodic representative, sample-based, and unannounced monitoring visits are also expected to be conducted by third parties over the project period, to supplement internal monitoring and reporting. A midterm review will involve the project \u2019 s stakeholders to collectively review project results and implementation arrangements. 71. At the PIU, an M & E system will be set up to host and manage operational data for project indicators. The PIU will work with the general secretary in charge of technical and vocational education and trades and the Bureau of Planning and Statistics under the Permanent Secretary at MNESR to attend to links and ultimate integration between the project \u2019 s M & E system and the MNESR Education Management Information System. The M & E system will be supported by the World Bank \u2019 s Geo-Enabling for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) initiative, which leverages the use of portable ICT tools", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1378, + 1423, + "named" + ], + [ + 1283, + 1288, + "MNESR Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1467, + 1477, + "MNESR Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "At the PIU, an M & E system will be set up to host and manage operational data for project indicators. The PIU will work with the general secretary in charge of technical and vocational education and trades and the Bureau of Planning and Statistics under the Permanent Secretary at MNESR to attend to links and ultimate integration between the project \u2019 s M & E system and the MNESR Education Management Information System. The M & E system will be supported by the World Bank \u2019 s Geo-Enabling for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) initiative, which leverages the use of portable ICT tools", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The MNESR Education Management Information System is a structured collection of data used for managing educational indicators and information, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as an information system", + "not presented as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the MNESR Education Management Information System is labeled as an information system that hosts and manages educational data. The text indicates that it will work in conjunction with the project's monitoring and evaluation (M & E) system, suggesting that it serves an important role in integrating various project data sources rather than being a standalone dataset itself. Additionally, there is no direct reference to using or extracting data from this system for analysis, thus indicating it is more about infrastructure. The confusion may arise since it is capitalized and described in a manner that implies it handles structured data, leading the model to classify it as a dataset rather than emphasizing its role as a management framework. The term's similarity to dataset terminology can mislead, especially if it appears next to data-centric phrases, even when it is fundamentally a system rather than a targeted dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The MNESR Education Management Information System is not a dataset but an information system that organizes and manages educational data. While it plays a crucial role in the data infrastructure for the project, it is not treated as a direct data source for analysis in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "Youth in the labor force: Much of the progress made in primary education has yet to transfer to employment and productivity gains: while basic education needs are now mostly met, secondary schooling can leave many youths are ill-equipped to enter the labor market. 14 percent of Burundi \u2019 s youth are neither in employment, education or training ( NEET ) 48; youth aged 15-24 have the nation \u2019 s highest unemployment rates; and as many as 40 percent are underemployed. Women, in particular, are marginalized in employment outcomes. Despite accounting for over half of the workforce, they occupy disproportionate numbers of farming, unpaid, and unreported jobs. The need to transfer schooling gains to employment outcomes, in particular for women, is central to ensuring Burundi \u2019 s lasting growth trajectory. 47 PASEC2019 Qualit\u00e9 des Syst\u00e8mes \u00c9ducatifs en Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone. 48 Youth Labour Statistics, International Labour Organization, https: / / ilostat. ilo. org / topics / youth /.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 894, + 917, + "named" + ], + [ + 279, + 286, + "Youth Labour Statistics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 359, + 375, + "Youth Labour Statistics <> reference population" + ], + [ + 770, + 777, + "Youth Labour Statistics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 919, + 952, + "Youth Labour Statistics <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1018, + 1036, + "Youth Labour Statistics <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "47 PASEC2019 Qualit\u00e9 des Syst\u00e8mes \u00c9ducatifs en Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone. 48 Youth Labour Statistics, International Labour Organization, https: / / ilostat. ilo.", + "type": "statistics", + "explanation": "Youth Labour Statistics refers to a structured collection of data related to youth employment, education, and training, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned with a specific organization (International Labour Organization)", + "linked to a URL that likely provides data access" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Youth Labour Statistics' appears after 'PASEC2019 Qualit\u00e9 des Syst\u00e8mes \u00c9ducatifs en Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone', suggesting it is part of a list of recognized datasets or data sources. The reference to the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the accompanying URL strongly indicate that this term indeed refers to a concentrated data collection or statistical dataset specifically focused on youth labour, employment, education, and training statistics. The formal naming and structuring further support its classification as a dataset rather than a broader project or system. A model might confuse it with a project or system simply because it contains 'Statistics' in its name, which could lead to ambiguity about whether it's merely a statistical initiative (which could be infrastructure) or a structured dataset. However, the explicit connection to a recognized organization and its implied stability as a data source lead me to confidently classify it as a dataset in this specific occurrence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Youth Labour Statistics' behaves as a dataset because it is explicitly linked to the International Labour Organization and is presented in a list with other datasets, indicating it serves as a structured collection of data rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 92, + "text": "According to the 2008 General Population and Housing Census, 80. 2 percent of the population owns land of which 62. 5 percent are men and 17. 7 percent are women. 55 In the absence of a formal inheritance law, women often are subject to discrimination enshrined in customary norms, in which the daughter \u201c comes in fifth place in the order of succession. \u201d Women also face challenges in accessing formal lines of credit due to a lack of collateral. USAID ( 2018 ) reports qualitative research that although Burundian women traditionally have more access to informal credit through community-based savings and lending groups, they rarely control the use of the credit at the household level. 8. Female entrepreneurs may also need additional training that allows them to overcome social gender roles and an aversion to risk and develop an \u2018 entrepreneurial mindset. \u2019 For example, a study in Togo found that female entrepreneurs who received \u2018 personal initiative training \u2019 \u2014 a proactive, self-starting approach that taught participants to look for ways to differentiate their business from others, anticipate problems, overcome setbacks, and foster better planning skills to create opportunities \u2014 saw their profits increase by 40 percent ( compared to a 5 percent increase for those who received traditional business training ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 22, + 59, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "General Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to the 2008 General Population and Housing Census, 80. 2 percent of the population owns land of which 62.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The General Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described as a census", + "contains structured demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'General Population and Housing Census' is used after the phrase 'According to...', which indicates that it is being referenced as a source of information. A census typically refers to a comprehensive and systematic collection of data that provides insights into demographic characteristics of a population, making it a strong candidate for being classified as a dataset. While one might consider it as a project or a management information system due to its structured nature and the fact that it serves as a foundational data source for various analyses, the language used here firmly positions it as the dataset itself rather than merely a container for data. The capitalization and specific naming conventions further reinforce this interpretation. The confusion for a model might stem from its formal name, which could be seen as akin to a project or system; however, the context makes it clear that it is functioning as a direct source of data, not merely referencing the infrastructure used to collect or manage the data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'General Population and Housing Census' is treated as a dataset because it is referenced as a source of information following a phrase that implies data utilization, emphasizing its role as a structured collection of demographic data." + }, + { + "filename": "042_Burundi-Skills-for-Jobs-Women-and-Youth-Project", + "page": 104, + "text": "By improving the quality and relevance of skills training programs in formal and informal institutions, this project will support the youth to meet the needs of the of the Burundian economy in sectors with high labor potential. In turn, higher levels of education are expected to raise earnings, increase the probability of wage employment and increase the likelihood of finding employment in more productive sectors. Cost-Benefit Analysis 3. Other non-monetized benefits are expected from the project, such as private sector development, tax revenue increases, and lowered social spending by the Government. Thus, the values for IRR and NPV generated are lower bounds as they are based only on quantifiable labor market returns, and do not include the valuation of positive externalities and spillover effects from the increase in education and skills of Burundi \u2019 s youth. 4. The analysis includes Components 1 and 2 of the project, which account for 88 percent of the project \u2019 s budget. The following assumptions are made for all project components. Agents earn a certain fixed annual income throughout their professional life, which lasts 35 working years. There is no inflation or wage growth. Yearly income is based on ECVMB data from 2013, by level of education of the targeted group. The unemployment rate is 8 percent for all graduates.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1226, + 1231, + "named" + ], + [ + 134, + 139, + "ECVMB <> reference population" + ], + [ + 172, + 181, + "ECVMB <> data geography" + ], + [ + 856, + 863, + "ECVMB <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1054, + 1060, + "ECVMB <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1242, + 1246, + "ECVMB <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1297, + 1327, + "ECVMB <> data description" + ], + [ + 1362, + 1380, + "ECVMB <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There is no inflation or wage growth. Yearly income is based on ECVMB data from 2013, by level of education of the targeted group. The unemployment rate is 8 percent for all graduates.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "ECVMB refers to a dataset that provides data on income levels based on education, which is used for analysis in the context of the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on' indicating it is a source of data", + "described in a context relating to income levels based on education", + "implicitly referenced as providing statistical data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, ECVMB appears to behave as a real dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data for yearly income analysis. The phrase 'based on ECVMB data' indicates that the analysis is leveraging structured information from this entity, positioning it as a foundation for the presented statistics. The absence of qualifiers that suggest it is merely a project or system reinforces its role as a concrete data source. However, confusion could arise since ECVMB could also be interpreted as an acronym for a project or a management information system, particularly if there are no clear identifiers that label it strictly as a dataset. The capitalization and formal structure resemble proper names, which might mislead extraction models into thinking it refers to a project name or system instead of a dataset. In this instance, though, the context strongly suggests it is indeed a dataset used to derive specific income-related information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ECVMB is considered a dataset here because it is explicitly referenced as the basis for analysis, indicating that it is providing structured data rather than just being a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 1 of 76 I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT A. Country Context 1. Uganda \u2019 s population is fast-growing, predominantly young, and rural, with prevailing social and economic inequalities. Driven by a high fertility rate of 5. 59 births ( 2018 ), Uganda \u2019 s population has doubled to 42. 86 million over the last three decades and is expected to reach 80 million by 2040. 1 More than 48 percent of the population is under the age of 15 and nearly 50 percent of the population is between 15 and 65 years. 2 Such age demographics represent employment challenges as well as an opportunity to increase digital dividends. Overall, the population living in poverty is estimated at eight million ( 21 percent of the population ). 3 Socioeconomic inequalities and regional gaps in living conditions persist, with a higher prevalence of poverty in rural areas than in urban areas. The distribution of poverty affects certain sub-groups adversely, especially among women.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 1 of 76 I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT A.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital acceleration project and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "appears in a project title with a reference number", + "lacks context indicating it is a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'GovNet' is explicitly referenced as part of the title for a project, specifically the 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project'. There are no indications that it serves as a structured collection of data or a database; instead, it is presented as an initiative or program. While 'GovNet' may lead to potential data collection as part of the project's activities, the phrasing does not indicate that it is a dataset itself. The model may have confused 'GovNet' with a dataset because it is capitalized and follows a common naming convention that is often associated with datasets. However, without additional evidence that it serves directly as a data source, it should be classified as a project name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' refers to a project rather than a dataset, as indicated by its presentation in the title and lack of references to structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 2 of 76 households have reported reduced income ( or losses ) from at least one of their sources of livelihood. 9 Preliminary estimates suggest that the pandemic could increase poverty incidence from 2. 7 to 8. 2 percentage points, resulting in an additional 1. 07 to 3. 15 million poor. In urban areas, closure of non-essential institutions and the ban on public and private transport are significantly affecting the incomes of those engaged in the services, manufacturing, and construction sectors ( around 35 percent of the work force ). Remittances are expected to drop by almost half in FY20 and FY21 from US $ 1. 4 billion in FY19. Early indications show that socioeconomically depressed districts, including those hosting refugees, are among those affected the most. As such, COVID-19 amplifies existing income inequalities and puts decades of gains related to health, gender, and economic prosperity at risk. 10 3. Uganda faces several challenges that could impede the country \u2019 s progress toward middle-income status by 2025 \u2014 a goal in its third National Development Plan ( NDP III ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 2 of 76 households have reported reduced income ( or losses ) from at least one of their sources of livelihood. 9 Preliminary estimates suggest that the pandemic could increase poverty incidence from 2.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as part of the Uganda Digital Acceleration Project", + "not indicated as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is part of the title of a project concerning digital initiatives in Uganda rather than a separate, concrete dataset. While it may be a system that has data, the text does not indicate that it is being used as a primary data source. There are no signals in the surrounding text that suggest it contains structured records that would typically define a dataset. The phrase 'Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet' suggests a comprehensive initiative rather than a single, cohesive collection of data. The model may have misclassified it as a dataset because it appears in a formalized context and is associated with a specific program title, which could imply a structured source of information. However, without explicit mention of data collection or management functions directly linked to 'GovNet', it remains a project name and not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is referred to as a project within the Uganda Digital Acceleration initiative, lacking explicit references to it being a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Uganda has identified \u2018 digital transformation \u2019 as one of the key drivers that will enable the transition of its economy under NDP III and has continued to invest in GovNet and various aspects of digital capability, including through major investments made through the Regional Communications Infrastructure Program Phase 5 - Uganda ( RCIP-5 ) and other sources. However, in addition to the impacts from COVID-19, various factors have affected the country \u2019 s economy, including adverse weather conditions and meagre harvests, private sector credit constraints, conflict and unrest in neighboring countries, and underperformance in public sector project implementation. 11 4. As a result of ongoing outbreaks of unrest, droughts, and socioeconomic crises across the neighboring Horn of Africa sub-region, Uganda currently hosts over 1. 4 million refugees, 12 making Uganda the largest refugee-host country in Africa. Despite many challenges, Uganda has maintained a strong policy and protection environment for refugees and asylum seekers. Most refugees come from the Republic of South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Women and children constitute 81 percent of refugee population and youth constitute 23 percent. 13 Twelve of Uganda \u2019 s 121 districts host a large share of the refugees, and most live in northern or western Uganda. Inflows of refugees have put pressure on natural resources, infrastructure, and services delivery to people living in RHDs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 167, + 173, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Uganda has identified \u2018 digital transformation \u2019 as one of the key drivers that will enable the transition of its economy under NDP III and has continued to invest in GovNet and various aspects of digital capability, including through major investments made through the Regional Communications Infrastructure Program Phase 5 - Uganda ( RCIP-5 ) and other sources. However, in addition to the impacts from COVID-19, various factors have affected the country \u2019 s economy, including adverse weather conditions and meagre harvests, private sector credit constraints, conflict and unrest in neighboring countries, and underperformance in public sector project implementation.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a program related to digital capability investments in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in connection with digital capability investments", + "described as a program under NDP III", + "no explicit reference to structured data or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is identified as part of a broader initiative related to Uganda's digital transformation efforts. It appears to be a program or initiative rather than a specific dataset, as it is tied to investments aimed at enhancing digital capabilities. There are no phrases indicating that 'GovNet' contains or is a source of structured data. The context speaks to governmental focus and investments but does not provide signals that it holds aggregated data or metrics typically associated with datasets. The model may have been confused because 'GovNet' has a formal name and is associated with infrastructure, which sometimes leads to misclassification as a dataset. Phrases such as 'various investments made through...' may contribute to a misunderstanding of what constitutes a dataset versus a program or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is referenced as a program aimed at enhancing digital capabilities in Uganda, not as a structured dataset. There is no indication that it contains data in the conventional sense." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "World Bank. 12 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) and Government of Uganda ( GoU ), Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal, November 2020, https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / uga 13 UNHCR and GoU, Uganda - Refugee Statistics October 2020, https: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / documents / details / 82807 14 http: / / documents. worldbank. org / curated / en / 571081569598919068 / Informing-the-Refugee-Policy-Response-in-Uganda-Results-from - the-Uganda-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-2018-Household-Survey 15 http: / / documents1. worldbank. org / curated / en / 571081569598919068 / pdf / Informing-the-Refugee-Policy-Response-in-Uganda-Results - from-the-Uganda-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-2018-Household-Survey. pdf 16 http: / / documents. worldbank. org / curated / en / 571081569598919068 / Informing-the-Refugee-Policy-Response-in-Uganda-Results-from - the-Uganda-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-2018-Household-Survey 17 http: / / documents. worldbank. org / curated / en / 571081569598919068 / Informing-the-Refugee-Policy-Response-in-Uganda-Results-from - the-Uganda-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-2018-Household-Survey", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 105, + 149, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 10, + "Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 63, + 68, + "Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 105, + 111, + "Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 151, + 164, + "Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal <> publication year" + ], + [ + 234, + 240, + "Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "World Bank. 12 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) and Government of Uganda ( GoU ), Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal, November 2020, https: / / data2. unhcr.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal is a structured collection of data related to refugees in Uganda, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside organizations (UNHCR, Government of Uganda)", + "follows formal citation but does not explicitly involve data usage", + "contains the term 'Portal' which suggests a system or platform", + "appears more as an initiative or program rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal' is referenced in connection with various organizations and does not explicitly indicate it being a source of data. The term 'Portal' strongly implies that this is a system or platform designed to house or provide access to data, rather than representing the data itself. The lack of phrasing like 'uses data from...' or 'based on...' suggests it is not the concrete dataset that is being analyzed. Rather, it likely serves as a framework or tool for data collection related to refugees in Uganda, leading me to view it as a system, not an actual dataset in this instance. This decision hinges on recognizing that while it may contain datasets, it is primarily a project or initiative facilitating data access.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Uganda Comprehensive Refugee Response Portal' functions more as a project name or system rather than a dataset in this context, as it does not directly state its use as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 3 of 76 B. Sectoral and Institutional Context 5. The digital sector represents one of the fastest growing sectors in Uganda, with positive spillover effects on other sectors of the economy, the combination of which can play a key role in post-COVID-19 recovery. Although the Information and Communication Technology ( ICT ) sector \u2019 s contribution to the country \u2019 s GDP has considerably increased, it remained minimal at two percent in 2019, according to the World Bank Group \u2019 s ( WBG \u2019 s ) 2020 Uganda Digital Economy for Africa ( DE4A ) report. 18 This growth was driven by: ( a ) a series of conducive government policies, some of which promoted increased public and private sector investments in fiber infrastructure19 and ( b ) significant uptake of mobile phone subscribers. Recent analysis by the World Bank ( WB ) Africa Region Chief Economist \u2019 s Office found that closing the digital infrastructure gap in the eastern and southern Africa regions could result in a 1. 5 percentage point increase in economic growth per capita. If complemented by expansion in human capital development, the growth effect could increase to 3. 87 percentage points. 6. Digital solutions can play a key role in addressing the economic growth and health challenges posed by COVID-19 and its aftermath.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 3 of 76 B. Sectoral and Institutional Context 5.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital acceleration project and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as part of the Uganda Digital Acceleration Project" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is explicitly associated with the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project and appears to function more as a named project rather than a dataset or structured collection of data. The phraseology does not indicate that GovNet itself contains any data or serves as a primary source of structured records. Instead, it is indicative of a broader project that may utilize data but is not referred to as a data source directly. The confusion for models may arise from the formatting and capitalization of 'GovNet', which could lead to an interpretation that it represents a notable dataset, particularly when viewed in conjunction with the terminology regarding data. However, without explicit clarification that it serves as a structured data source, it is necessary to classify it as a project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not a dataset in this context; it is referenced as a project within a larger initiative and does not indicate a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 4 of 76 Global Findex data of 50 percent of adults owning mobile money accounts in Uganda. 23 The take-up of mobile services has also increased women \u2019 s rates of financial inclusion over time. 8. The digital divide persists in Uganda and is driven by a range of socio-economic barriers. To ensure that the transformative potential of digital services reaches all, including the most vulnerable population, there is a need to address barriers defined by gender, geography, residency status, disabilities, and income levels. Only 16 percent of the total number of mobile phone users have smartphones. 24 Geographically, the wide gap between the 19. 5 percent Internet penetration rate in urban areas and the mere 7. 1 percent in rural areas also raises concerns around the urban-rural divide. 25 A gender gap also persists. Only 53. 7 percent of women own phones compared with 74. 5 percent of men. In addition, women account for the largest share ( 66 percent ) of people who do not use mobile phones. 26 The gender gap in Internet use is estimated at 25 percent between men and women, influenced by the lower socioeconomic position and education levels of women.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 4 of 76 Global Findex data of 50 percent of adults owning mobile money accounts in Uganda. 23 The take-up of mobile services has also increased women \u2019 s rates of financial inclusion over time.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project in the context of Uganda Digital Acceleration Project", + "not described as a data source", + "follows mention of Global Findex data, creating potential confusion" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' refers explicitly to a project or program aimed at digital acceleration in Uganda, as indicated by its inclusion in the broader title of the document. The phrase 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project' alongside 'GovNet' strongly suggests that it is not a dataset but rather an initiative. The surrounding text discusses the impact of mobile services on financial inclusion, which relates to data collection, yet 'GovNet' itself is not defined as a data source or a structured collection of records. The potential confusion for the model arises from the capitalization and format of 'GovNet', making it resemble the proper naming often associated with datasets or systems, while contextually, it is more a project name without explicit data sourcing language. The distinction here lies in understanding that while it may play a role in data collection or connectivity, it does not function as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is regarded as a project rather than a dataset because it is presented as part of a larger initiative, with no indication that it serves as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "Based on a survey by Research ICT Africa in 2018, 29 Internet use among individuals earning more than US $ 1, 000 per month is very high ( almost 100 percent ), but it drops significantly in lower-income brackets; among people earning less than US $ 100 per month, only 11 percent use the Internet. 30 Affordability of mobile devices also appears to be a key barrier; 89 percent of respondents of a National Information Technology Authority of Uganda ( NITA-U ) survey who do not own a mobile phone cite its cost as the main barrier. 31 10. Network coverage is another serious constraint to higher adoption of mobile broadband, with sharp regional disparities. While more than 95 percent of the population is covered by mobile telephony networks ( 2G ), 23 World Bank Group. 2017. \u201c Global Findex Database \u201d, World Bank Group, 2017 https: / / globalfindex. worldbank. org / sites / globalfindex / files / 2018-04 / 2017 % 20Findex % 20full % 20report_0. pdf 24 NITA-U ( National Information Technology Authority of Uganda ). 2018. National Information Technology Survey 2017 / 18 Report. NITA Uganda, March 2018. 25 NITA-U ( National Information Technology Authority of Uganda ). 2018. National Information Technology Survey 2017 / 18 Report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 783, + 805, + "named" + ], + [ + 44, + 48, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 757, + 773, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 775, + 779, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 809, + 825, + "Global Findex Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 827, + 831, + "Global Findex Database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2017. \u201c Global Findex Database \u201d, World Bank Group, 2017 https: / / globalfindex. worldbank.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Global Findex Database is a structured collection of data that provides insights into financial inclusion and usage of financial services globally.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "capitalized, looks like a proper name", + "listed with an organization (World Bank Group)", + "suggests a structured collection of data about financial inclusion" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Findex Database' appears to act as a proper name for a specific data repository compiled by the World Bank Group. Given the phrase 'Global Findex Database' is capitalized and presented alongside the reputable World Bank Group, it strongly indicates that this is intended to represent an actual dataset rather than just a project or system. The term also fits the description of a structured collection of records related to financial insights. While confusion could arise if 'Global Findex' was referred to merely as a system or platform for gathering data, the explicit naming here, along with the organization associated, clarifies its role as a dataset in the context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Global Findex Database' is treated as a real dataset in this context, as it indicates a specific collection of structured data about financial inclusion, is associated with a reputable institution, and is capitalized as a proper name." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 5 of 76 mobile broadband ( 3G and 4G ) geographic coverage is only at 50 percent, with sharp regional disparities, particularly between the northern and western regions ( which host most refugees ) and the central region. 32 As a result of limited broadband access, the use of Internet by enterprises and the public sector remains very low. The quality of service also remains problematic; mobile download speeds in Uganda ranked only 115th in the world ( June 2019 ). 33 11. The situation among the refugee population is even more dire. To date, 68 percent of the refugee population have SIM cards, but often rely on cheap feature phones. For example, in the large Bidibidi settlement in the West Nile region of Uganda, 15 percent of men and only four percent of women own a smartphone. Furthermore, only 24 percent of refugees in the Bidibidi settlement have used the Internet and 17 percent are active Internet users. For 73 percent, the cost of an Internet-enabled device is a key barrier. 34 Consequently, refugees struggle to contact relatives, get timely market or business development information, access digital financial services, use digital learning options, and use Internet for other productive purposes. 12.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 5 of 76 mobile broadband ( 3G and 4G ) geographic coverage is only at 50 percent, with sharp regional disparities, particularly between the northern and western regions ( which host most refugees ) and the central region. 32 As a result of limited broadband access, the use of Internet by enterprises and the public sector remains very low.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or initiative related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "not described as a data source", + "no indication of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is explicitly labeled as part of the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project. There are no indications that it functions as a structured collection of data or is used in analysis as a source of data. Instead, it is referenced in the context of discussing broadband coverage and its implications. While it could potentially be a project that uses or collects data, the text does not provide information that would lead to interpreting it as a dataset. This ambiguity may confuse models, particularly due to the capitalization of 'GovNet' and its proximity to discussions about technology and broadband access, which might suggest it has a data component. However, without explicit mention of datasets, records, or statistics, it should be treated as a project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is identified as a project, not as a dataset, as it lacks any descriptions or indications of being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 6 of 76 15. Uganda has put in place the legal, policy, strategic, and technical foundations for cybersecurity resilience and is optimizing them, while shifting focus to next-stage good practices in governance, capacity building, and steady-state sustainability. With an increasing number of digital platforms and services being rolled out by Uganda \u2019 s public and private sectors and investments made into networks and applications, Uganda has prioritized the strengthening of its cybersecurity, information security, and data protection frameworks. In 2018, cyberattacks cost the Ugandan economy an estimated US $ 52 million, up from US $ 42 million in 2017 and US $ 35 million in 2016. The most affected sectors are the government sector, financial institutions, services integrators, and microfinance and banking service providers, with 96 percent of cyberattacks being unreported or unresolved. As a legislative framework, the Government of Uganda ( GoU ) has enacted a suite of laws that include the Computer Misuse Act 2011, the Electronic Signatures Act 2011, and the Electronic Transactions Act 2011.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 6 of 76 15. Uganda has put in place the legal, policy, strategic, and technical foundations for cybersecurity resilience and is optimizing them, while shifting focus to next-stage good practices in governance, capacity building, and steady-state sustainability.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or initiative related to digital acceleration and cybersecurity in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "part of a larger initiative", + "not described as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is clearly presented as part of the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project, which indicates it is a project or initiative focused on digital acceleration and cybersecurity. There are phrases that suggest it is about establishing legal and policy frameworks rather than directly containing datasets or being a structured data source itself. This leads me to conclude that GovNet functions primarily as an overarching project rather than a dataset. Potentially, the extraction model may have confused 'GovNet' with a dataset due to its capitalized nature and its potential involvement in data management or governance, which might suggest data storage, but its explicit reference as a project delineates it from being seen purely as a dataset. Thus, while it might involve data, it is not treated or referenced as a dataset in this excerpt.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GovNet is not a dataset in this context as it refers to a project related to digital acceleration in Uganda, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 13 of 76 sustainability of the same. The study in subsection ( b ) above will confirm the best locations of the masts and explore options on how to engage the private sector in various capacities such as in the investment, deployment, operations, or management of mobile broadband connectivity. 48 Sub-component 1. 2: Strengthening digital infrastructure \u201c complements \u201d ( US $ 33. 1 million equivalent ) 31. This sub-component will ensure that the connectivity infrastructure financed under sub-component 1. 1 is fully leveraged for development, by establishing or strengthening key \u201c complements \u201d through the following activities. a ) Data Center Infrastructure. This activity will finance the expansion of the current data hosting capacity in the country and establishment and operationalization of a green Data Center to complement the existing data hosting capability already financed under RCIP-5. This will improve geographical redundancy and resilience, to prevent any government data loss, including in the face of climate-related shocks. The data center will be designed for maximum energy efficiency and minimum environmental impact. The GoU will carry out a technical assessment to estimate government \u2019 s data requirements for data hosting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 13 of 76 sustainability of the same. The study in subsection ( b ) above will confirm the best locations of the masts and explore options on how to engage the private sector in various capacities such as in the investment, deployment, operations, or management of mobile broadband connectivity.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a program aimed at strengthening digital infrastructure, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name", + "title confirms it's a project ('World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project')", + "no indication of structured records or data collection elsewise" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'GovNet' appears to be part of a project name related to digital infrastructure. The context surrounding the mention emphasizes engagement with the private sector for deployment and operations of connectivity rather than delivering a specific dataset or collection of data. Moreover, it is explicitly part of the project title which further supports it being identified as a project rather than a dataset. The confusion might arise because 'GovNet' denotes a program and could be misconstrued as a databank or resource that contains data, especially in contexts where programs manage large amounts of data. However, based solely on the language of this segment, it does not refer to a discrete dataset that could be analyzed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is not a dataset; it is the name of a project associated with digital infrastructure development." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "This activity will directly contribute to climate mitigation. d ) National ICT Spatial Data Infrastructure Store and High-Performance Computing Center. This activity will finance studies, equipment, software, Geographic Information System ( GIS ) mapping tool, as well as mapping of core ICT infrastructure that will guide the rollout of ICT spatial infrastructure in the country, in collaboration with the road, energy, railway, and water sectors, city councils, and municipalities countrywide. This will also include the creation of a unified spatial system for sharing data among the utility providers and sectors and support activities to inform major infrastructure investments and data - driven policy making in these sectors. 48 The project will leverage good experiences and successful practice models from other World Bank projects, notably from the Regional Communications Infrastructure Project ( P094103 ). Given that the referenced study is needed to analyze options under the project on how to move forward, the said study, in form and substance satisfactory to the World Bank, would be carried out no later than 12 months after project effectiveness. 49 Given that the referenced assessment is needed to analyze options under the project on how to move forward, the said study, in form and substance satisfactory to the World Bank, would be carried out no later than 12 months after project effectiveness.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 209, + 238, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "d ) National ICT Spatial Data Infrastructure Store and High-Performance Computing Center. This activity will finance studies, equipment, software, Geographic Information System ( GIS ) mapping tool, as well as mapping of core ICT infrastructure that will guide the rollout of ICT spatial infrastructure in the country, in collaboration with the road, energy, railway, and water sectors, city councils, and municipalities countrywide. This will also include the creation of a unified spatial system for sharing data among the utility providers and sectors and support activities to inform major infrastructure investments and data - driven policy making in these sectors.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The term refers to a tool used for mapping and analyzing spatial data, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for mapping", + "described in the context of a project focused on ICT infrastructure", + "not presented as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Geographic Information System' in this context is clearly used to refer to a tool intended for mapping and analyzing spatial data rather than representing a specific dataset. It functions within the framework of a broader project aimed at enhancing ICT spatial infrastructure. There are no cues indicating that it is a structured source of data; instead, it serves as a technology used in data management. The phrase's placement in the text after the listing of resources (studies, equipment, software) suggests it is integral to a project but doesn\u2019t imply it is a dataset itself. Potential confusion for models might stem from terms like 'system', which typically suggests a repository of data; however, here, it serves a functional role within a larger infrastructure initiative rather than being a dataset in isolation. Thus, I conclude it is not a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a tool and not a structured dataset; it is used within the context of a project focused on developing spatial infrastructure." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 16 of 76 Sub-component 2. 2. Mainstreaming Digital Services in Priority Sectors ( US $ 11. 5 million equivalent ) 38. This sub-component will support specific sectoral digitalization of services in six priority sectors: four that have been the focus under RCIP-5 ( agriculture, education, justice, and health ) and two new sectors ( tourism and trade ) as well as the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development ( MoFPED ). Since priorities may change during the life of the project, NITA-U will be facilitating a formal annual e-services prioritization exercise, in close collaboration with a Technical Committee ( TC ) represented by priority ministries, to select sectoral e-services to be implemented under the project in a given year. 39. The selection criteria that will be used to prioritize sectoral e-services will be based on, but not limited to inclusion as a priority e-service under NDP III; potential impact in terms of number of people estimated to use that e-service and frequency of use; cost of implementation; technical capabilities and availability of human resources at the MDA level; potential of the e-service to make good use of the shared infrastructure and solutions ( such as data hosting, DAES, data exchange and interoperability platform, SMS gateway, and microservices ); and estimated time", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 16 of 76 Sub-component 2. 2.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital services initiative or program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name", + "not described as a data source", + "appears alongside a project label" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'GovNet' is clearly associated with the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project, indicating that it is an initiative or program rather than a structured collection of data. The term follows the project name format and does not present itself as a standalone data source. There are no contextual cues suggesting that it functions independently as a dataset\u2014no phrasing like 'uses data from GovNet' or 'contains records.' Although it might be a system or platform that processes data, the context here categorizes it as a project. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of 'GovNet' and its proximity to a structured project reference, which could imply it holds data. However, that alone doesn't confirm it as a dataset, as it has not been presented as one in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as part of a project name without being described as a data source or dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 31, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 19 of 76 a ) Digital access program. Even if RHDs are connected to the NBI, refugee hosting communities face multiple access barriers. To help mitigate these challenges, the project will support an assessment of digital access levels in selected locations with the aim to define the best modalities to improve the rollout and adoption of various digital access initiatives for hosting communities and refugees. The assessment will benefit from the ongoing research and completed projects financed by the WB and partners. Following the recommendations of this study, digital access schemes and complementary activities will be developed and implemented in close collaboration with various partners after approval by the World Bank and review of fiduciary implications. A gender lens and feedback from female users will be integrated into the design of the digital access program. b ) Telecenters. Recognizing that some refugees and host population will not have access to mobile devices for various reasons, this activity will support the establishment of 24 telecenters, for example, two centers with access to devices and internet per selected community. c ) E-waste management. Besides improving access to new devices, the UDAP-GovNet will work to extend the life cycle of used devices. Complementing sub-component 1. 2, this activity will finance two e-waste facilities near RHDs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1302, + 1313, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "c ) E-waste management. Besides improving access to new devices, the UDAP-GovNet will work to extend the life cycle of used devices. Complementing sub-component 1.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "UDAP-GovNet refers to a digital access program and initiative, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "no indication of structured records", + "discussed in the context of improving access and device lifecycle" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'UDAP-GovNet' is referenced as an initiative aimed at promoting digital access and extending the life cycle of used devices. The language doesn't indicate that it refers to a dataset; instead, it discusses programmatic goals and outcomes typical of a project rather than data collection. There\u2019s no mention of structured records or statistics that would classify it as a dataset. Additionally, while the name could easily be mistaken for a formal data source due to its capitalization and formal structure, the surrounding text clearly positions it as a project rather than a repository for data. This is crucial in distinguishing between a project/system and an actual dataset; the former focuses on initiatives, while the latter pertains to collections and formats of data. A model may have been confused because 'UDAP-GovNet' fits the naming conventions of datasets, but it lacks the context that anchors it as one in this instance. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UDAP-GovNet is a project focused on digital access and device lifecycle, not a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 32, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 20 of 76 operating costs, including office rent, furniture, ICT equipment and transportation; ( iii ) Coordination with refugee management organizations such as OPM, UNHCR and other stakeholders; ( iv ) Recruitment of the technical experts and building internal capacity needed to support the development and delivery of sectoral digital services within MDAs; ( v ) Support for environment and social safeguards management; ( vi ) Support for data collection and analysis for M & E, including gender specific aspects of the project; ( vii ) Change management and communication as needed. Component 5: Contingent Emergency Response Component ( US $ 0. 0 million ) 46. Contingent Emergency Response Component ( CERC ). A CERC component, with a starting financing of zero dollars, is included in the project design in accordance with paragraphs 12 and 13 of the Investment Project Financing ( IPF ) OP 10. 00, pertaining to Situations of Urgent Need of Assistance and Capacity Constraints. This will allow for rapid reallocation of uncommitted credit / grant funds in the event of an eligible emergency or crisis, as defined in OP 8. 00. A CERC annex will be attached to the Project Implementation Manual ( PIM ) and prepared within three months of project effectiveness.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 20 of 76 operating costs, including office rent, furniture, ICT equipment and transportation; ( iii ) Coordination with refugee management organizations such as OPM, UNHCR and other stakeholders; ( iv ) Recruitment of the technical experts and building internal capacity needed to support the development and delivery of sectoral digital services within MDAs; ( v ) Support for environment and social safeguards management; ( vi ) Support for data collection and analysis for M & E, including gender specific aspects of the project; ( vii ) Change management and communication as needed. Component 5: Contingent Emergency Response Component ( US $ 0.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a program related to digital services and project management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project", + "described as a project rather than a source of structured data", + "no indication that it is used explicitly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is clearly positioned within the framework of the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project. It relates to various project management activities involving digital services but does not appear to signify a standalone dataset. The term is part of a list detailing project components, and while it may involve data collection and analysis, it is not presented as a database, dataset, or direct source of structured data for analysis. This may confuse models, as it is capitalized and closely associated with terms indicating data handling, potentially leading to misinterpretation of its role as a data source. However, there's no direct assertion that it functions as a dataset, which is crucial for classification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is presented as the name of a project rather than an entity that holds structured data, despite being involved in data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 34, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 22 of 76 E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 50. There is a strong rationale for public financing of the project, given the public goods nature of the benefits derived from the project across social and economic sectors and the potential to increase overall inclusion. While access to digital infrastructure has been seen as important for a while, the emergence of the COVID-19 crisis has transformed it into a necessity and driven the need to accelerate network rollout in a major way and without further delays, partnering with the private sector as much as possible. The project will promote investments in digital service delivery in vital sectors such as health, education, agriculture, and trade. This will strengthen digital sectoral plans \u2019 implementation, including the ability to respond to COVID-19 within these sectors and provide enabling digital infrastructure for a post-COVID-19 recovery. In addition, the project will address inclusion concerns in terms of gender, PWDs, refugees and hosting communities, geography, and income levels, to compensate for market failures and ensure that the most vulnerable are not excluded from the social and economic benefits of the digital transformation of the country. 51.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 22 of 76 E. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 50.", + "type": "project", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project aimed at enhancing digital infrastructure and service delivery, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "appears alongside a project title within a broader description", + "focuses on rationale for Bank involvement rather than data handling" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'GovNet' is clearly identified as a project under the Uganda Digital Acceleration Project framework. The description does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data but rather refers to an initiative aimed at improving digital infrastructure and service delivery. The presence of 'GovNet' in a project context, and its inclusion in the name of a larger program, signals that this is not a standalone dataset but part of a larger effort. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization and the formal naming, aligning with how datasets are often presented. However, since there are no indications that 'GovNet' functions as a data source or collection, it's more appropriate to view it as a project or initiative rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is not a dataset; it is a named project aimed at enhancing digital infrastructure, lacking any implication of being a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 24 of 76 According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, recycling e-waste from landfills reduces methane emissions which are 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. Proper recycling of electronics and dedicated efforts to refurbish mobile handsets for reuse is also expected to reduce overall energy consumption, avoiding direct GHG emissions and reducing the environmental impact of natural resources extraction. 52 57. The geographically balanced rollout of broadband networks will significantly contribute to reducing GHG as good Internet connectivity is key for supporting everyday life, including during and after the natural disaster strikes. According to Ericsson research, digital services such as videoconferencing, e-health, and e-learning made available through the improved availability of high-speed broadband services could help reduce GHG emission by up to 15 percent by 2030 worldwide, 53 amounting to around 10 gigatons of CO2 emissions, more than the current carbon footprint of the European Union ( EU ) and the United States combined. During the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, an increase of 30 \u2013 40 percent globally in the usage of international bandwidth was associated with a reduction in the growth rate of GHGs as remote working substituted for international travel.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 24 of 76 According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, recycling e-waste from landfills reduces methane emissions which are 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. Proper recycling of electronics and dedicated efforts to refurbish mobile handsets for reuse is also expected to reduce overall energy consumption, avoiding direct GHG emissions and reducing the environmental impact of natural resources extraction.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital acceleration project and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "described as the Uganda Digital Acceleration Project", + "does not provide data source information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the context of 'GovNet', I noted that the term is explicitly linked to a project, 'The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet'. This indicates that the term represents an initiative rather than a dataset containing structured data. Even though the phrase appears in a context discussing environmental impacts, it lacks indications that GovNet operates as a source of data or records, which would be necessary for it to be considered a dataset. The confusion may arise from the possibility that 'GovNet' could represent a system that holds data, but in this case, it's more specifically recognized as a project rather than a distinct collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GovNet is not treated as a dataset here as it is clearly identified as a project without reference to being a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "In addition, more affordable mobile prices expected to be achieved through the project could deliver huge reductions in power consumption by displacing the need for multiple single-purpose devices ( from radios and TVs to music systems and cameras ) with multi-functional Internet-linked devices. G. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 58. In addition to making investments into improving the supply, the UDAP-GovNet will increasingly place an emphasis on the demand-side factors: digital skills, affordability of mobile devices, and Internet access and accessibility of digital services that are offered in a paperless, cashless, and remote manner. While many e - services have been developed under RCIP-5, only a few have seen a significant uptake, mostly because some form of in-person interaction and submission of paperwork was still required to be done in person. In addition, limited feedback was gathered from citizens before developing a service and in many cases, user-centric design approaches were not paid enough attention.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 421, + 432, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 58. In addition to making investments into improving the supply, the UDAP-GovNet will increasingly place an emphasis on the demand-side factors: digital skills, affordability of mobile devices, and Internet access and accessibility of digital services that are offered in a paperless, cashless, and remote manner. While many e - services have been developed under RCIP-5, only a few have seen a significant uptake, mostly because some form of in-person interaction and submission of paperwork was still required to be done in person.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "UDAP-GovNet refers to a program focused on improving digital services and accessibility, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project with emphasis on digital services", + "described in terms of improving demand-side factors", + "not cited as a source of structured records or data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, UDAP-GovNet is more appropriately understood as an initiative or project aimed at enhancing digital service delivery rather than as a dataset. The term appears in a section discussing lessons learned and project design, suggesting a focus on overarching goals and strategies rather than specific data collection or storage. A model might have erroneously marked this as a dataset due to the capitalized format of 'UDAP-GovNet', which could resemble a proper dataset name, and its mention alongside descriptions of improvements in digital services, making it seem data-relevant. However, the lack of references to data or records indicates it operates more as a project than a dataset. The confusion likely stems from the terminology and the context in which it is discussed, which emphasizes the program's objectives rather than its role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UDAP-GovNet is a project focused on digital service improvements and not a structured dataset; thus, it cannot be classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The TC will be chaired by the designated representative from the MoICT & NG, while the Project Coordinator ( from the PIU ) will serve as the TC \u2019 s secretary. The TC will comprise subject matter technical specialists from NITA-U, the MoICT & NG, MoLG, OPM, NEMA, UCC, PPDA, and other sectoral agencies such as the MoES, MAAIF, JLOS, MoH, MTIC, MTWA, NIRA, UBOS; the Ministry of Gender; and the working group of the CRRF for its role among refugees and RHDs. The TC will meet at least once a quarter to ensure timely and smooth implementation progress. The Project Coordinator will ensure inter-institutional collaboration and coordination among different agencies. Ad hoc project implementation teams ( PITs ) will be established for the purposes of implementing specific activities of the project. The PITs, represented by key stakeholders from partner agencies, will be guided by the decisions of the TC. The summary of the technical leads and partner agencies involved in the implementation of each sub-component is presented in annex 3. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 65. The project results framework will form the basis of the results M & E arrangements. M & E of the UDAP - GovNet will be embedded in the various components of the project, and TA provided through the project will include support for M & E. The arrangements for results monitoring are detailed in Section VII and will be supported using the Geo-Enabled Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) Initiative. NITA-U will collect, compile, and analyze the results data and prepare M & E reports. Where surveys are required to populate baseline or progress data for specific indicators, the M & E specialist on the PIU will be coordinating the implementation of such surveys and utilizing funds from component 4, Project Management, to procure the needed surveying services. NITA-U will", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1194, + 1207, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project results framework will form the basis of the results M & E arrangements. M & E of the UDAP - GovNet will be embedded in the various components of the project, and TA provided through the project will include support for M & E. The arrangements for results monitoring are detailed in Section VII and will be supported using the Geo-Enabled Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) Initiative.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "UDAP - GovNet refers to a project or program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as part of M & E arrangements", + "mentioned as a project", + "not framed as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In my evaluation, the term 'UDAP - GovNet' appears in a context discussing project monitoring and evaluation (M & E) rather than as an explicit repository of data. While it includes the notion of data governance, it does not present itself as a structured collection of data or a dataset. It serves as a project or initiative that might utilize various data sources for M & E purposes but is not itself a dataset. Phrases in the context refer to it as 'M & E of the UDAP - GovNet,' which indicates its role as a project rather than a concrete data source. The model may have confused it with a proper dataset because it follows a project structure and might imply data collection aspects; however, the key distinction is that it lacks direct framing as a source or collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UDAP - GovNet' is not a dataset but rather a project focused on monitoring and evaluation, lacking the characteristics of a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 34 of 76 92. Uganda has national laws and institutions for E & S risks management. There are, however, weaknesses in the national environmental system performance related to institutional linkages, staffing level, and budget allocation, as well as human resource skills. The capacity of NITA-U to supervise, implement, monitor, and report on E & S risks was assessed during project preparation and it was established that NITA-U does not have the required in-house E & S safeguards capacity. To strengthen the capacity for safeguards compliance, NITA-U will recruit one Environmental Specialist and one Social Specialist no later than 30 days after project effectiveness date, and capacity building activities on applicable ESSs will be supported by the WB. The two specialists will work closely to develop specific plans based on the framework documents prepared. NITA-U will track and report on the performance of E & S risks management as per the terms of the ESCP and financing agreement. 93. Despite the main project implementation agencies \u2019 experience in delivering similar operations, the E & S risk rating is Substantial due to the potentially complex implementation arrangement for the various sub-components and the wide geographical scope of the project that spreads across the country.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 34 of 76 92. Uganda has national laws and institutions for E & S risks management.", + "type": "project", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name rather than as a data source", + "indicates a specific initiative rather than a structured collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'GovNet' is clearly introduced alongside the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project. Since the text phrases it as a project with a specific objective concerning environmental and social risks management, it implies that 'GovNet' functions as an initiative rather than a direct source of structured records or statistics that a dataset would typically comprise. There is no contextual phrasing like 'uses data from' or 'based on' that would suggest it is being treated as a dataset. Additionally, the absence of reference to tangible data aspects indicates it's not a system that primarily serves the purpose of data collection and analysis but rather indicates a broader project initiative. However, the model may have misconstrued 'GovNet' as a dataset due to its proper name formatting and potential association with data management initiatives, which could complicate its classification as an actual dataset. When determining if something should be seen as a dataset, the specific function it serves as a data source or tool must be clarified. In this instance, it is clear that 'GovNet' is a project name and lacks the necessary context to be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is referred to as a project rather than a data source, thus it is not categorized as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "Given the nature of the anticipated civil works, land acquisition, and involuntary displacement, the risks are expected to be minimal and addressed through the ESMF and RPF. Risks associated with influx of labor, particularly in RHDs and those that might affect members of Vulnerable and Marginalized Groups will be addressed through the elaboration of an ESMF and VMGF. Stakeholder engagement and effective grievance redress mechanisms will be crucial to ensure smooth project implementation. 94. Citizen Engagement. In addition to establishing a Grievance Redress Service ( GRS ), as discussed in Section V, the project will seek to establish a robust citizen engagement ( CE ) strategy that includes establishing a variety of interaction channels between beneficiaries / users, including RHDs and refugees, and the government, which may include real-time polling such as through U-report, proving polling mechanisms on the government websites. Special focus will also be paid to CE during the selection and design of the eservices prioritized for implementation. Additionally, the WB team will organize regular consultations with project beneficiaries and affected families for planning and implementation of the project in the form of community-based in-person consultations and as part of the end user research.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 882, + 890, + "named" + ], + [ + 848, + 865, + "U-report <> data description" + ], + [ + 1084, + 1086, + "U-report <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Citizen Engagement. In addition to establishing a Grievance Redress Service ( GRS ), as discussed in Section V, the project will seek to establish a robust citizen engagement ( CE ) strategy that includes establishing a variety of interaction channels between beneficiaries / users, including RHDs and refugees, and the government, which may include real-time polling such as through U-report, proving polling mechanisms on the government websites. Special focus will also be paid to CE during the selection and design of the eservices prioritized for implementation.", + "type": "polling tool", + "explanation": "U-report is a real-time polling tool used to gather data from citizens, making it a structured collection of data for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for real-time polling", + "follows a discussion of engagement strategies rather than data analysis", + "not explicitly described as containing structured datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'U-report' is referenced in the framework of a citizen engagement strategy that includes interaction channels and real-time polling. Although 'U-report' facilitates the collection of data, it is more accurately characterized as a polling mechanism or tool rather than a standalone dataset. The text discusses how 'U-report' may be used for data collection but does not imply that it is a comprehensive dataset on its own. A model might confuse it due to its name being capitalized and the mention of real-time polling, which gives it an appearance of being a data source. However, the context suggests it functions more as a system or tool supporting data collection and engagement rather than serving as the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'U-report' in this context refers to a real-time polling tool aimed at enhancing citizen engagement rather than representing a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 36 of 76 to the national development priorities and institutional mandates to ensure that the different activities are fully supported. Institutional strengthening of NITA-U has already taken place during implementation of RCIP-5 and the use of alternative delivery models involving partnerships with the private sector and NGOs to complement government efforts will also be applied under this project. Despite these mitigation measures, the residual stakeholder risk remains substantial for the time being. 100. Refugee protection is an \u2018 other \u2019 risk that is rated as Moderate. The WB, in consultation with UNHCR, has confirmed that Uganda \u2019 s protection framework is adequate for accessing funding under the IDA19 WHR. Uganda is adopting comprehensive humanitarian and development programs aimed at mitigating protection risks faced by refugees, including the managed arrival of refugees despite COVID-19 border closures. However, there is a moderate risk that Uganda \u2019 s asylum space and refugee policies could become more restrictive in response to the strain on services and the natural environment, continuing refugee population growth, and COVID-19-related and political pressure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 36 of 76 to the national development priorities and institutional mandates to ensure that the different activities are fully supported. Institutional strengthening of NITA-U has already taken place during implementation of RCIP-5 and the use of alternative delivery models involving partnerships with the private sector and NGOs to complement government efforts will also be applied under this project.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name", + "not described as a data source or containing datasets", + "context focuses on institutional strengthening and partnerships" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' clearly refers to a project associated with Uganda's digital acceleration initiatives, as indicated by 'The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet'. The emphasis is on project activities and institutional strengthening rather than the provision or analysis of structured data. There are no phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on', which would typically indicate that a term should be interpreted as a dataset. The model might have misclassified 'GovNet' because it appears formal and capitalized, resembling other dataset mentions, or because project names can sometimes encompass data-related functionalities. However, the context strongly indicates that this is not about data collection or analysis as a standalone dataset but rather about the operational umbrella for various initiatives or models. Therefore, I interpret 'GovNet' as a project rather than a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset because it specifically refers to a project associated with digital acceleration in Uganda without indicating that it comprises any structured data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 50, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 38 of 76 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 Of which Refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 725, 000. 00 Of which Hosts ( Number ) 0. 00 2, 787, 000. 00 PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 Expanding access to high-speed internet in selected areas Wi-Fi Access Points connected to the National Backbone ( Number ) 300. 00 500. 00 700. 00 1, 000. 00 Last-mile locations connected to National Backbone Infrastructure ( Number ) 700. 00 1, 200. 00 2, 000. 00 2, 900. 00 Digital services hosted at the Data center ( Number ) 162. 00 200. 00 300. 00 400. 00 E-waste centers established ( Number ) 0. 00 1. 00 3. 00 4. 00 Enabling Digital Transformation of the Government People able to prove their identity digitally ( Percentage ) 0. 00 10. 00 15. 00 25. 00 User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) ( Percentage ) 75. 00 78. 00 82. 00 85. 00 Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits ( Number", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 38 of 76 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 Of which Refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 725, 000.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital acceleration project and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "project name associated with an indicator but not defined as containing records or statistics", + "described in a way that suggests it's a broader initiative rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'GovNet' is part of the title of a project, specifically the 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project.' The fact that it is referenced alongside an indicator name indicates that it may relate to certain metrics or objectives set forth by the project, but it does not imply that 'GovNet' is a dataset by itself. A model might have confused 'GovNet' as a dataset because it appears in a structured context with reference to indicators, which are often associated with collected data. However, without explicit language indicating that 'GovNet' contains structured records or is being utilized as a primary data source, it remains clear that this term refers to a project rather than a dataset. Furthermore, it is not treated in the document as a standalone data source but rather as a framework under which data is collected or reported.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' refers to a digital acceleration project and is not a standalone dataset; therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 39 of 76 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 engagement reports on grievance redress mechanisms and how issues were resolved ( Number ) Promoting Digital Inclusion of host communities and refugees Individuals in host communities and refugee settlements obtaining new digital skills under the project ( Number ) 0. 00 12, 000. 00 20, 000. 00 32, 000. 00 Of which host ( Number ) 0. 00 16, 000. 00 Of which refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 16, 000. 00 Individuals in the refugee host communities with direct access to internet in the household or at the community level ( Number ) 0. 00 75, 000. 00 150, 000. 00 250, 000. 00 Of which host ( Number ) 0. 00 125, 000. 00 Of which refugees ( Number ) 0. 00 125, 000. 00 Women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training ( Percentage ) 0. 00 40. 00 60. 00 80. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Broadband penetration ( fixed + mobile ) in selected areas Measures the penetration of national", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 39 of 76 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 engagement reports on grievance redress mechanisms and how issues were resolved ( Number ) Promoting Digital Inclusion of host communities and refugees Individuals in host communities and refugee settlements obtaining new digital skills under the project ( Number ) 0. 00 12, 000.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program aimed at digital acceleration, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name", + "includes 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project' indicating a program", + "does not indicate a structured collection of data but rather outlines project activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'GovNet' is clearly embedded within the full name of a project, the 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project.' The text provides contextual signals that the term is more representative of a project or initiative rather than a standalone dataset. The mention occurs in a context where it identifies specific types of activity outcomes tied to the project, rather than structured records or data outputs. There was no language suggesting it is a data source, such as 'uses data from GovNet.' A model may have confused this term as it follows project nomenclature that might typically be misconstrued as indicative of datasets if it carries an implication that the project itself manages data. However, in this case, it serves primarily as a label for a development initiative rather than a dataset of records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GovNet is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is part of the title for a project, which focuses on activities and outcomes rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 40 of 76 mobile broadband solutions. to collect metrics for the Digital Transformation Program Public services in target sectors that can be delivered digitally and securely without requiring physical presence ( end-to-end ) Number of public services in target sectors that can be delivered digitally and securely without requiring physical presence ( end to end ) Annually Project implementati on report and e-service delivery platform With six target sectors, the goal would be to scale up six already existing eservices and develop at least 10 e - services and 4 microservices ( in year 2, 3, 4, 5 of the project ), so that by the end of UDAP 20 new sectoral e-services would be activated. NITA-U Individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with access to Broadband Connectivity ( fixed and mobile ) Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with access to broadband Internet connectivity ( 50 % of total population ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 40 of 76 mobile broadband solutions. to collect metrics for the Digital Transformation Program Public services in target sectors that can be delivered digitally and securely without requiring physical presence ( end-to-end ) Number of public services in target sectors that can be delivered digitally and securely without requiring physical presence ( end to end ) Annually Project implementati on report and e-service delivery platform With six target sectors, the goal would be to scale up six already existing eservices and develop at least 10 e - services and 4 microservices ( in year 2, 3, 4, 5 of the project ), so that by the end of UDAP 20 new sectoral e-services would be activated.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a program related to digital services and connectivity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "not positioned as a data source", + "describes a program for digital transformation, not a structured dataset", + "appears in the context of project implementation and e-services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'GovNet' is presented in a context that describes it as a project under the World Bank's initiative for digital acceleration and not as a specific source of structured data. While it may involve data collection or metrics, it does not serve as a clear data repository itself. It functions more as an overarching project or initiative aimed at enhancing digital public services rather than representing itself as a dataset containing records or statistics directly usable for analysis. The name's capitalization and its appearance alongside terms like 'project implementation report' might lead models to misinterpret it as a dataset. However, its description and function in this context do not align with what constitutes a dataset, causing confusion for models evaluating its mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'GovNet' is better classified as a project name related to the digital transformation efforts rather than a concrete dataset, as it is not explicitly mentioned as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 52, + "text": "Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 29, + 40, + "named" + ], + [ + 93, + 112, + "UCC Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 126, + 139, + "UCC Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 205, + 218, + "UCC Surveys <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to structured surveys conducted to collect data on internet access among beneficiaries in specific communities and settlements.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Data from UCC Surveys\u2019", + "described as structured surveys to collect data", + "focused on determining beneficiaries' internet access" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'UCC Surveys' refers to a series of structured surveys aimed at collecting specific data regarding internet access within specified communities. Despite the potential that it could represent a project, the phrasing indicates that it is indeed a method of data collection, stating directly that data will be collected from these surveys. The mention of 'Data from UCC Surveys' further supports this classification, as it distinctly conveys that the survey's data will inform the research objectives. There might be some confusion because this term could also represent an initiative or program (a project). However, the explicit reference to data collection makes it lean more towards being treated as a dataset, especially when it references how this data will be used in analysis. Hence, despite the risk of confusion arising from its potential association with project work, its primary role as a data collection vehicle is clear in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UCC Surveys' is treated as a dataset because it refers to structured surveys designed to collect data specifically about internet access, as indicated by the phrase 'Data from UCC Surveys'." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 41 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) Of which Refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ) Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) NITA-U, UCC & OPM Of which Hosts Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ). Annual Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 287, + 298, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "UCC Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 384, + 397, + "UCC Surveys <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 41 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) Of which Refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ) Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) NITA-U, UCC & OPM Of which Hosts Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ). Annual Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to surveys conducted to collect data on broadband penetration among individuals in host communities and refugee settlements.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Surveys / Data from\u2019", + "described as a means to collect data on broadband penetration", + "explicitly mentions conducting surveys for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UCC Surveys' is referenced explicitly in the process of data collection to assess broadband penetration among specific communities. The phrase 'Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys' indicates that these surveys are a primary source for gathering relevant data, suggesting that they serve the function of generating structured records which are necessary for the analysis. While it might seem like a project or system, due to the active mention of 'data from' and its role in the context of data collection, it functions more as a dataset here. The confusion may arise because the name 'UCC' seems to indicate an organization or system, but the focus is on the survey's role in generating data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'UCC Surveys' is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to surveys designed to collect data on broadband access, thereby functioning as a concrete source of information for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 41 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) Of which Refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ) Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) NITA-U, UCC & OPM Of which Hosts Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ). Annual Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 731, + 742, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "UCC Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 384, + 397, + "UCC Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 463, + 476, + "UCC Surveys <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 41 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) Of which Refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ) Annually Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) NITA-U, UCC & OPM Of which Hosts Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements with broadband penetration ( 50 % of total population ). Annual Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys will be conducted in all 13 host communities and 14 refugee settlements to determine beneficiaries that can access internet through 1 ) Personal Subscriptio ns 2 ) Wi-Fi hotspot ( within 1 km from home ) 3 ) Internet NITA-U, UCC & OPM", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to surveys conducted to collect data on broadband penetration among individuals in host communities and refugee settlements.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Surveys / Data from'", + "indicates that surveys are conducted", + "described in the context of collecting data on broadband penetration" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UCC Surveys' appears to be specifically referenced as a source of data acquisition to assess broadband access in communities. The phrase 'Surveys / Data from UCC Surveys' clearly indicates that UCC Surveys are being utilized to collect empirical data. This suggests that the UCC Surveys are not merely a project title or system but are closely tied to the process of gathering information necessary for the analysis. The extraction model likely recognized it as a dataset because it follows a phrase that explicitly states it provides data and is treated as a fundamental piece of evidence for the analysis. The perceived confusion might stem from the fact that 'UCC' can refer to an organization or project; however, the context clearly outlines that 'UCC Surveys' acts as a data collection tool here, aligning it with the definition of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'UCC Surveys' acts as a dataset since it refers to actual surveys conducted to collect data on broadband penetration, thus serving as a concrete data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 42 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Wi-Fi Access Points connected to the National Backbone Number of MYUG Wi-Fi hotspots deployed by the project Annually Project reports from the Vendor hired to deploy the Wi-Fi access points Project reports from the Vendor hired to deploy the Wi-Fi access points NITA-U Last-mile locations connected to National Backbone Infrastructure Number of last-mile locations including government facilities, public institutions like schools, hospitals, etc. connected to NBI Annually Data reports from the vendor that will be hired by the project to deploy the last-mile connections Data reports from the vendor that will be hired by the project to deploy the last-mile connections will be used to count the number of facilities connected to the NBI NITA-U Digital services hosted at the Data center Number of applications hosted at the already existing data center which will be scaled up and the additional applications Annually Project implementati on reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 42 of 76 kiosk ( within 1 km from home ) ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Wi-Fi Access Points connected to the National Backbone Number of MYUG Wi-Fi hotspots deployed by the project Annually Project reports from the Vendor hired to deploy the Wi-Fi access points Project reports from the Vendor hired to deploy the Wi-Fi access points NITA-U Last-mile locations connected to National Backbone Infrastructure Number of last-mile locations including government facilities, public institutions like schools, hospitals, etc. connected to NBI Annually Data reports from the vendor that will be hired by the project to deploy the last-mile connections Data reports from the vendor that will be hired by the project to deploy the last-mile connections will be used to count the number of facilities connected to the NBI NITA-U Digital services hosted at the Data center Number of applications hosted at the already existing data center which will be scaled up and the additional applications Annually Project implementati on reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "identified as a project name rather than a dataset", + "mentioned in the context of a specific project with various indicators", + "does not serve as a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'GovNet' clearly refers to the 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project', implying it is a broader initiative or program rather than a specific dataset. The surrounding text discusses specific indicators and methodologies related to the project, which indicates that the focus is on the activities and outputs of the GovNet initiative rather than on any structured collection of data it may theoretically contain. The presence of various mentions of 'data reports' and 'project reports' surrounding the term reinforces the idea that GovNet itself is not a dataset, but rather encompasses actions and efforts in digital acceleration. A model might have been confused due to the capitalized proper name 'GovNet', which may suggest a formal entity similar to a dataset and the fact that it appears in a list that also details data indicators, but crucially, it is not presented as a direct source of collected data. Thus, it's a project but not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a project name, as it references the overarching initiative and not a specific structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 711, + 723, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "ID4D dataset <> data geography" + ], + [ + 813, + 828, + "ID4D dataset <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "The ID4D dataset is a structured collection of data used to analyze digital identity verification among individuals, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of data", + "described as containing records relevant to analysis", + "follows statement about data sourcing" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ID4D dataset' is used explicitly as a source from which the data will be sourced for analysis. The phrase implies that it is structured data regarding digital identity verification which is analyzed in tandem with data from the Government of Uganda (GoU). The language clearly designates it as a dataset because it outlines its role in supporting the empirical analysis of digital identity capabilities. Since this term appears in a context where data is being sourced and analyzed, it does not resemble a management information system or a project itself, but operates squarely as a dataset within the analytical framework. However, confusion may arise because 'ID4D' could potentially be related to a larger project or initiative, but here it's specifically referenced as a dataset. The confusion for models might stem from the name being similar to project or system names; however, the contextual clues point to it serving as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ID4D dataset' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly cited as a source of structured data that will be analyzed for measuring digital identity verification, marking it as a definitive dataset rather than a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 728, + 731, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "GoU refers to the Government of Uganda, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as GoU (Government of Uganda), which is an organization", + "not described as a structured collection of data", + "mentioned alongside the ID4D dataset but does not function as a dataset itself", + "context suggests GoU is providing governance support rather than data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GoU' refers specifically to the Government of Uganda. It is not a dataset but an organizational entity. The text refers to GoU in conjunction with the ID4D dataset, where ID4D is a structured dataset, whereas GoU plays a governance role. The model might have perceived 'GoU' as a data source due to its mention in the same context as other data sources, but contextually, it lacks the characteristics of a dataset, as it does not represent a collection of records or statistical data. Instead, it operates more as a governmental body providing oversight or input into data collection processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, GoU is not a dataset but refers to the governmental organization in Uganda and thus does not qualify as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 754, + 766, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 21, + "ID4D dataset <> data geography" + ], + [ + 813, + 828, + "ID4D dataset <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "The ID4D dataset is a structured collection of data used to measure digital identity verification among individuals, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'will be sourced from'", + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "described as containing records relevant to identity verification" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'ID4D dataset' is mentioned as a specific source from which data will be sourced. This aligns with typical dataset mentions where the data is explicitly indicated as being used for analysis. The phrase 'the data will be sourced from' strongly supports the interpretation that the ID4D dataset is treated as a dataset itself rather than a project or system. Additionally, despite the possibility that ID4D could refer to a system or project, the way it is used here emphasizes its role as a structured collection of data for the purpose of analysis. There may be potential confusion as to whether it could be referred to only as a project; however, the clear context of data sourcing solidifies its consideration as an actual dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ID4D dataset' is treated as a real dataset in this context because it is explicitly stated as a data source for analysis, showing it plays a structured role in the evaluation of digital identity verification." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 771, + 774, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 43 of 76 hosted at the new Data Center that will be established E-waste centers established Number of new E-Waste centers established by the project in the refugee host communities ( 2 ) and nationally ( 2 ). Annually Project completion reports The progress of the implementation will be monitored annually based on activity completion reports NITA-U, NEMA, UBOS People able to prove their identity digitally Percentage of people who are 16 or older able to prove their identity digitally through a variety of digital authentication modalities offered by either government or private sector Annually The data will be sourced from the ID4D dataset and GoU The data sourced from ID4D dataset and GoU, will be analyzed to measure how many people above 16 were able to prove their identity digitally while receiving e-Services NITA-U User satisfaction with effectiveness of digital public services ( gender disaggregated ) Percentage of users of digital public services reporting satisfaction with the efficiency of the transaction ( gender disaggregated ) Annually online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys U-report, online surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys NITA-U Public and private entities in compliance with National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audits Number of public and private entities in compliance with the National Information Security Framework ( NISF ) through audit program Annually Audit reports NITA-U monthly reports NITA-U", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "GoU refers to the Government of Uganda, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as Government of Uganda", + "not referred to as a data source directly", + "associated with sourcing data from ID4D dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'GoU' is identified as referring to the Government of Uganda. It does not conform to the characteristics of a dataset, which typically entails structured collections of records or statistics. While the text mentions 'GoU' alongside 'ID4D dataset,' it does not promote 'GoU' as a direct data source; rather, it presents 'GoU' as an entity from which data is sourced (through government services). The model may have misidentified 'GoU' as a dataset due to its enumeration in proximity to a true dataset (ID4D), alongside phrasing that may suggest data sourcing, but it ultimately lacks the defined structure expected of a dataset. The confusion may arise from the capitalization of 'GoU', making it appear like a proper noun akin to a dataset, yet it remains an organizational term rather than a structured source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GoU' refers to the Government of Uganda and is not a dataset; it is mentioned as part of the data sourcing context but lacks indicators of being a structured collection, leading to the conclusion that it is not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 55, + "text": "Periodic publication of citizen engagement reports on grievance redress Periodic publication of citizen engagement reports Annually U-report, online Four ( 4 ) reports will be published per year for a NITA-U", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 132, + 140, + "named" + ], + [ + 24, + 50, + "U-report <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Periodic publication of citizen engagement reports on grievance redress Periodic publication of citizen engagement reports Annually U-report, online Four ( 4 ) reports will be published per year for a NITA-U", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The U-report refers to a structured collection of citizen engagement data published periodically, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a publication of citizen engagement reports", + "includes structured citizen engagement data", + "enumerates output as reports", + "suggests regular reporting schedule" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'U-report' appears to refer to a specific dataset in the form of periodic reports that present citizen engagement findings. Despite the potential for confusion arising from the term's appearance (it may sound like a project name), the text clearly indicates that it outputs structured data in the form of reports published annually. This description signifies that the U-report is not merely a project or a system, but a recognized source of data. The report-like nature reinforces its classification as a dataset rather than an abstract concept or a tool/platform. However, potential confusion may arise from interpreting 'U-report' as a management information system or project name due to its capitalized format. Still, the detailing of report publication and data collection shapes its identity as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'U-report' is classified as a dataset because it clearly refers to structured reports containing citizen engagement data, emphasizing its function as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 56, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 44 of 76 mechanisms and how issues were resolved on grievance redress mechanisms and how issues were resolved surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys total of twenty ( 20 ) over the project period Individuals in host communities and refugee settlements obtaining new digital skills under the project Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Of which host Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Of which refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Individuals in the refugee host communities with direct access to internet in the household or at the community level Individuals in", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 44 of 76 mechanisms and how issues were resolved on grievance redress mechanisms and how issues were resolved surveys, mobile and web apps, and surveys total of twenty ( 20 ) over the project period Individuals in host communities and refugee settlements obtaining new digital skills under the project Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Of which host Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Of which refugees Number of individuals in host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % each ) that obtained new digital skills and knowledge under the project - gender disaggregated Annually Data from training delivery platforms The number of beneficiaries will be counted as and when training programs are delivered through training rosters NITA-U & OPM Individuals in the refugee host communities with direct access to internet in the household or at the community level Individuals in", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project name", + "not explicitly described as a data source", + "follows a project's description rather than data description" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' appears as part of a project title, specifically the Uganda Digital Acceleration Project. The text does not describe GovNet as a concrete data source or dataset, but rather associates it with broader project goals and mechanisms. I evaluated that while 'GovNet' might contain data relevant to the project, the emphasis is on it being part of a larger initiative rather than a discrete dataset. The mention follows the initial reference to the project, which suggests a structural or organizational role rather than a data-centric one. This could lead to confusion for models because it has the appearance of a proper name and is capitalized, creating signals that it could be a dataset, especially if they rely on structural cues associated with data sources. However, contextually, it is focused more on project functionality.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset but as a project name, with no explicit reference to it being a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 57, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 45 of 76 internet in the household or at the community level Of which host Number of new individuals in the host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % of each ) with access to internet-enabled devices in household or community Beneficiaries can access devices through 1 ) direct device ownership - 2 / HH can meaningfully utilize device. 2 ) Internet kiosks ( < 1 km ) Annually Survey of the refugee and hosting communities This indicator will measure, through surveys, the individuals in the refugee and host communities that will have access to personal devices, shared devices, and internet kiosks / Tele-centers NITA-U & OPM Of which refugees Women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training Percentage of women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training including awareness of cybersecurity and online safety. Annually Training records; pre and post training assessments This indicator will measure percentage of women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training including awareness of cybersecurity and online safety.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project - GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 45 of 76 internet in the household or at the community level Of which host Number of new individuals in the host communities and refugee settlements ( 50 % of each ) with access to internet-enabled devices in household or community Beneficiaries can access devices through 1 ) direct device ownership - 2 / HH can meaningfully utilize device. 2 ) Internet kiosks ( < 1 km ) Annually Survey of the refugee and hosting communities This indicator will measure, through surveys, the individuals in the refugee and host communities that will have access to personal devices, shared devices, and internet kiosks / Tele-centers NITA-U & OPM Of which refugees Women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training Percentage of women assessed as digitally literate post the completion of digital skills training including awareness of cybersecurity and online safety.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned within the context of a project", + "described as an initiative without explicit data usage", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets", + "not described as containing structured data or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'GovNet' is explicitly referenced as part of the 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project,' indicating that it functions as an initiative or program rather than a direct data repository or dataset. While the term appears prominently and may suggest a comprehensive system, there is no indication in the surrounding text that it provides any structured records or datasets for analysis. The context focuses more on program outputs such as access to internet devices and digital literacy, which implies that GovNet is a project implementing goals rather than a source of data itself. The lack of phrases indicating data sources, like 'uses data from,' contributes to interpreting 'GovNet' as a project. Overall, a model might confuse 'GovNet' as a dataset due to capitalization and its prominent mention, but the surrounding context does not support this interpretation as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a project, not a data collection. The surrounding context describes project goals and outcomes rather than indicating that GovNet stores or provides data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 62, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 50 of 76 ANNEX 2: Gender Assessment 1. This assessment seeks to elaborate on gender considerations for the UDAP-GovNet. The assessment, ( a ) identifies the gaps between the experiences and status of women and men relevant to this project, ( b ) identifies activities to address these gaps, and ( c ) suggests suitable indicators to track progress. 2. This assessment is based on information from: ( a ) desk-based document review including gender literature, national-level gender analytics, regional policy and guidance notes, and international good practice guidelines; and ( b ) stakeholder / client consultations to identify the most relevant and targeted ways to address these gaps and design measurable indicators to track progress. The assessment accounted for data collection constraints in refugee and host communities. A survey will be conducted to inform the baseline on device ownership / digital skills during project implementation, with the aim to improve sex-disaggregated data collection that is currently unavailable, and help measure outcomes on digital literacy targeted through digital skills and online safety training. 3. The table below identifies how the project will contribute to closing gender gaps through project interventions. It highlights the biggest gaps that are being addressed by project actions and assigns a relevant and measurable indicator to each.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 184, + 195, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 50 of 76 ANNEX 2: Gender Assessment 1. This assessment seeks to elaborate on gender considerations for the UDAP-GovNet. The assessment, ( a ) identifies the gaps between the experiences and status of women and men relevant to this project, ( b ) identifies activities to address these gaps, and ( c ) suggests suitable indicators to track progress.", + "type": "project", + "explanation": "UDAP-GovNet refers to a project rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "describes activities and indicators related to the project", + "no reference to data collection or structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UDAP-GovNet' is explicitly identified as a project aimed at addressing gender considerations rather than a concrete dataset. The text refers to various activities and indicators that the assessment seeks to identify or suggest in relation to the project, but does not indicate that 'UDAP-GovNet' is a source of structured data or records. The model may have been confused because 'UDAP-GovNet' is capitalized and appears prominently as part of the project title, which can lead to the interpretation that it might be a dataset. However, since there is no explicit context that identifies it as a data source or collection of data, this points more toward it being a project or system rather than a dataset in the research sense. The failure of the model may stem from not aligning the term with a clear indication that it serves as the basis for data analysis or finds usage in the study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'UDAP-GovNet' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a project name focused on various aspects of gender assessment without indicating an explicit source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "Figures from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey indicate that 32 percent of women were not involved in any economic activities, compared to only 26 percent of men ( National Housing and Population Census 2014 ). \u2022 Sub-component 3. 2 includes Digital Access program that will support various access affordability initiatives to increase direct access to internet, particularly for women. \u2022 The program will integrate feedback by women beneficiaries in the design and target households in refugees and host districts that are among the most vulnerable and left behind in terms of access to mobile devices. \u2022 Public Internet access points ( Wi-Fi hotspots ) and community Internet access schemes ( telecenters ) with women-friendly opening hours and in women-friendly locations such as markets, informal women \u2019 s group meeting locations, water collection points, and public food distribution centers ( Sub-components 1. 2, 3. 1, and 3. 2 ). Low level of digital skills and high incidence of online violence especially within refugee and host communities \u2022 While digital skills in Uganda are generally low, the \u2018 digital \u2022 Design digital skills / literacy training under sub - component 3. 2 to promote women \u2019 s participation and \u2022 Percentage of women assessed as digitally literate post the 64 GSMA Mobile Gender Gap Report 2020. 65 After Access Surveys 2019. 66 GSMA ( Global System for Mobile Communications Association ). The Mobile Gender Gap Report. 2015. 67 Freedom on the Net 2018, Freedom House.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 22, + 67, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "Uganda National Population and Housing Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 22, + 28, + "Uganda National Population and Housing Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 82, + 146, + "Uganda National Population and Housing Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Figures from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey indicate that 32 percent of women were not involved in any economic activities, compared to only 26 percent of men ( National Housing and Population Census 2014 ). \u2022 Sub-component 3.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Uganda National Population and Housing Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding the population and housing conditions in Uganda.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018indicate that\u2019 suggesting data about findings", + "described as having figures relevant to population and housing", + "name resembles established national surveys that traditionally contain structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Uganda National Population and Housing Survey' fits the context as it discusses findings from a specific survey focusing on population and housing conditions. While one could argue that it appears to have characteristics of a project or system, in this case, it is primarily associated with structured data that represents statistical findings. The phrase 'Figures from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey' directly links the term to quantitative data, signaling that it acts more as a dataset for the purpose of analysis rather than simply a project or framework containing data. The confusion for the model might arise from the presence of 'survey' in the name, which can imply a broader initiative rather than just data, but in this usage, it clearly refers to the analyzed data from that survey.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Uganda National Population and Housing Survey is treated as a dataset due to its association with findings from a specific survey that contains structured statistical data on population and housing in Uganda." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 63, + "text": "Figures from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey indicate that 32 percent of women were not involved in any economic activities, compared to only 26 percent of men ( National Housing and Population Census 2014 ). \u2022 Sub-component 3. 2 includes Digital Access program that will support various access affordability initiatives to increase direct access to internet, particularly for women. \u2022 The program will integrate feedback by women beneficiaries in the design and target households in refugees and host districts that are among the most vulnerable and left behind in terms of access to mobile devices. \u2022 Public Internet access points ( Wi-Fi hotspots ) and community Internet access schemes ( telecenters ) with women-friendly opening hours and in women-friendly locations such as markets, informal women \u2019 s group meeting locations, water collection points, and public food distribution centers ( Sub-components 1. 2, 3. 1, and 3. 2 ). Low level of digital skills and high incidence of online violence especially within refugee and host communities \u2022 While digital skills in Uganda are generally low, the \u2018 digital \u2022 Design digital skills / literacy training under sub - component 3. 2 to promote women \u2019 s participation and \u2022 Percentage of women assessed as digitally literate post the 64 GSMA Mobile Gender Gap Report 2020. 65 After Access Surveys 2019. 66 GSMA ( Global System for Mobile Communications Association ). The Mobile Gender Gap Report. 2015. 67 Freedom on the Net 2018, Freedom House.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 185, + 223, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "National Housing and Population Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 22, + 28, + "National Housing and Population Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 96, + 101, + "National Housing and Population Census <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Figures from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey indicate that 32 percent of women were not involved in any economic activities, compared to only 26 percent of men ( National Housing and Population Census 2014 ). \u2022 Sub-component 3.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The National Housing and Population Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'from' in the sentence", + "specifically mentions a structured collection of demographic data", + "refers to a census which formally collects population data", + "described as containing important statistics on economic activity" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'National Housing and Population Census' is being referred to in the context of figures drawn from a well-defined survey. It is positioned as a source of demographic data which is a critical aspect of the analysis. The use of the phrase 'from the 2014 Uganda National Population and Housing Survey' suggests that the National Housing and Population Census is the actual dataset being referenced for the figures provided. This appears to be a recognizable, structured dataset as it aligns with known census practices in collecting and presenting such data. The model might have hesitated due to the title's complexity and the possibility of it being seen as a program or project; however, the context clearly indicates it functions as a dataset rather than merely a project or system in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Housing and Population Census' is treated as a dataset here because it directly informs the statistics quoted and is implicitly acknowledged as the source of structured demographic data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 64, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 52 of 76 ANALYSIS: Gender Gaps in Uganda ACTIONS: Proposed Actions under the Project INDICATORS: Included in the Results Framework to monitor progress divide \u2019 is even more pronounced among women and among refugees ( 82 percent of whom are women and children ). An estimated 75 percent of Ugandans who do not use the Internet report that they lack the skills to do so ( GSMA 201968 ). Skills gaps are particularly stark between men and women. Even among the employed population, fewer women than men possess a formal education: 4. 4 percent versus 6. 2 percent; and two-thirds of young women in employment lack a trade, technical skills, or specialization. This reflects in their lower levels of digital skills as well, exacerbated by traditional literacy gaps. \u2022 Further, cyber-harassment and cyberbullying are a key issue in Uganda. The number of women whose nude pictures or videos have been shared online without their consent has been increasing over the years. \u2022 Where some reports of cyber harassment are available, the extent to which it affects women in marginalized communities is also not well known. In many instances, cases of cyber harassment go unreported and victims have limited legal recourse or resources to seek justice.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 52 of 76 ANALYSIS: Gender Gaps in Uganda ACTIONS: Proposed Actions under the Project INDICATORS: Included in the Results Framework to monitor progress divide \u2019 is even more pronounced among women and among refugees ( 82 percent of whom are women and children ). An estimated 75 percent of Ugandans who do not use the Internet report that they lack the skills to do so ( GSMA 201968 ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a project or program related to digital acceleration in Uganda, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a project under the World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project, not presented as a data source or collection", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GovNet' is clearly situated within the title of a development project and is referenced as part of a specific initiative related to digital acceleration in Uganda. The terms surrounding it, particularly 'World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project,' indicate that GovNet is likely a framework or program designed to implement certain actions or policies rather than a direct source of structured data. The absence of any direct phrase linking it to data such as 'uses data from GovNet' or describing it as containing records or statistics further clarifies that it should be viewed as a project rather than a dataset. Models might confuse 'GovNet' as it is capitalized and associated with the context of indicators and monitoring, which often does imply the presence of datasets. However, in this case, it does not explicitly serve as a dataset or a data collection point. Thus, it doesn\u2019t qualify as a dataset in the conventional sense where data is available for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' refers to a project and not to a structured collection of data, as it is highlighted in the context of an initiative without explicit mention of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 53 of 76 ANNEX 3: Technical leads and partner agencies involved in implementation Component Sub-component Technical Lead Key partner Ministries / Agencies Component 1: Expanding Digital Connectivity in Selected Areas 1. 1 Expanding the digital infrastructure outreach NITA-U \u2022 MoICT & NG \u2022 UCC \u2022 NEMA \u2022 Ministry of Gender ( social ) \u2022 MoLG 1. 2 Strengthening of digital infrastructure \u201c complements \u201d NITA-U / MoICT & NG \u2022 NEMA \u2022 UCC \u2022 Ministry of Gender ( social ) \u2022 UBOS \u2022 MoLG 1. 3 Strengthening of the enabling environment, digital capabilities, and inclusiveness of digital services MoICT & NG / NITA-U \u2022 UCC \u2022 Ministry of Gender ( social ) Component 2: Enabling Digital Transformation of the Government 2. 1 Accelerating Digital Transformation of Service Delivery NITA-U \u2022 MoICT & NG 2. 2 Mainstreaming Digital Services in Priority Sectors NITA-U \u2022 MoICT & NG \u2022 NIRA \u2022 JLOS \u2022 MoH \u2022 MoES \u2022 MAAIF \u2022 MTWA \u2022 MTIC \u2022 Ministry of Finance / PPDA \u2022 Ministry of Gender ( social ) \u2022 MoLG 2. 3 Strengthening Cybersecurity and Data Protection MoICT & NG / NITA-U \u2022 Various MDAs Component 3: Promoting Digital Inclusion of host communities and refugees 3. 1 Digital inclusion of host communities and refugees through enhanced connectivity OPM / NITA-U \u2022 MoICT & NG \u2022 UCC \u2022 Ministry of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 53, + 59, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 53 of 76 ANNEX 3: Technical leads and partner agencies involved in implementation Component Sub-component Technical Lead Key partner Ministries / Agencies Component 1: Expanding Digital Connectivity in Selected Areas 1. 1 Expanding the digital infrastructure outreach NITA-U \u2022 MoICT & NG \u2022 UCC \u2022 NEMA \u2022 Ministry of Gender ( social ) \u2022 MoLG 1.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GovNet refers to a digital acceleration project and initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project title", + "not described as a data source", + "does not follow phrases indicating data use", + "enumerated alongside implementation partners" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'GovNet' is referenced in the context of a project from the World Bank aimed at digital acceleration in Uganda. The phrase clearly identifies it as part of the project title rather than implying it is a structured dataset. There are no contextual phrases indicating data usage such as 'uses data from' or 'based on', which are typically strong signals for datasets. Instead, it's introduced alongside roles like 'Technical Lead' and 'Key partner Ministries / Agencies,' which suggest it is a framework or initiative rather than a collection of data records. This situation may confuse models because 'GovNet' appears capitalized and is positioned prominently, leaning towards a formal definition typically associated with named datasets. However, upon closer inspection, it serves as a project title indicative of an initiative rather than a standalone dataset or collection of structured data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GovNet' is not treated as a dataset in this context as it refers to a project initiative rather than a structured collection of data records or statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 66, + "text": "The private sector: ( a ) inquired about the type of the planned interventions under the UDAP-GovNet, the locations, the possibility of private sector investment, and whether small start-ups or big enterprises or both could participate; ( b ) showed readiness to participate in the delivery of equipment, and in the build aspect in case the \u2018 design and build \u2019 approach is adopted for the backbone and last mile under one contract though a CBA was also recommended; and ( c ) recommended a study of the consumers of Uganda \u2019 s digital services, such as citizens, businesses, government, to aid decision making and ensure commercial viability and subsequent incorporation in the project design. The activities under the UDAP-GovNet are like those under RCIP-5, except the scope is much larger though the staff skills requirements are the same. There is limited domestic consulting / contracting IT capacity to conduct projects of this nature, complexity, and scope. Individual consultants will be hired to enhance the technical in - house capacity of NITA-U to support effective project implementation. 2. The project will use the Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ), the World Bank \u2019 s online planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities and delays and measure procurement performance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 89, + 100, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The private sector: ( a ) inquired about the type of the planned interventions under the UDAP-GovNet, the locations, the possibility of private sector investment, and whether small start-ups or big enterprises or both could participate; ( b ) showed readiness to participate in the delivery of equipment, and in the build aspect in case the \u2018 design and build \u2019 approach is adopted for the backbone and last mile under one contract though a CBA was also recommended; and ( c ) recommended a study of the consumers of Uganda \u2019 s digital services, such as citizens, businesses, government, to aid decision making and ensure commercial viability and subsequent incorporation in the project design. The activities under the UDAP-GovNet are like those under RCIP-5, except the scope is much larger though the staff skills requirements are the same.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "UDAP-GovNet refers to a program related to interventions and project implementation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project or program for interventions", + "not described as containing structured data", + "activities under the UDAP-GovNet likened to another project (RCIP-5)", + "no reference to records or data storage capabilities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'UDAP-GovNet' within the provided context, it becomes clear that the term is operationalized as a project or program rather than a concrete dataset. The surrounding phrases indicate inquiries about interventions, locations, and investment possibilities, which align more closely with project management or initiatives rather than data collection or analysis. There is a lack of language that suggests a structured collection of data, such as references to records, statistics, or indicators that would typically define a dataset. The phrase \u2018activities under the UDAP-GovNet' further emphasizes that the term refers to the overarching functions and aims of the project. A model might have been misled by the capitalization of 'UDAP-GovNet' and its mention in a context discussing proposed actions and planning\u2014factors that can easily suggest a formal data entity. However, qualifying terms like \u2018interventions\u2019 and comparisons to another project suggest an initiative rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UDAP-GovNet is not a dataset; it represents a project/program focused on interventions and investment opportunities, lacking the characteristics and context that would define it as a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 66, + "text": "The private sector: ( a ) inquired about the type of the planned interventions under the UDAP-GovNet, the locations, the possibility of private sector investment, and whether small start-ups or big enterprises or both could participate; ( b ) showed readiness to participate in the delivery of equipment, and in the build aspect in case the \u2018 design and build \u2019 approach is adopted for the backbone and last mile under one contract though a CBA was also recommended; and ( c ) recommended a study of the consumers of Uganda \u2019 s digital services, such as citizens, businesses, government, to aid decision making and ensure commercial viability and subsequent incorporation in the project design. The activities under the UDAP-GovNet are like those under RCIP-5, except the scope is much larger though the staff skills requirements are the same. There is limited domestic consulting / contracting IT capacity to conduct projects of this nature, complexity, and scope. Individual consultants will be hired to enhance the technical in - house capacity of NITA-U to support effective project implementation. 2. The project will use the Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ), the World Bank \u2019 s online planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities and delays and measure procurement performance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1131, + 1178, + "named" + ], + [ + 517, + 523, + "Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1181, + 1185, + "Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1193, + 1203, + "Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1208, + 1243, + "Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. The project will use the Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ), the World Bank \u2019 s online planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities and delays and measure procurement performance.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement (STEP) is an online planning and tracking system that provides structured data on procurement activities, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the World Bank's online planning and tracking system", + "provides data on procurement activities", + "mentioned only as a project/system, not a concrete data set" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement (STEP)' is explicitly classified as an online planning and tracking system. While the system provides data related to procurement activities, it itself is an infrastructure/tool rather than a distinct set of data. The model may have been confused because it follows a structure commonly associated with datasets: it is capitalized like a named entity and described in a way that highlights the data it provides. However, the key differentiation is that it is referred to as a system rather than being presented as a standalone dataset. This distinction is crucial; datasets are often characterized not only by the presence of data but by their independent, concrete nature as sources of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement' is not treated as a dataset but as a system that provides access to data, thus it does not qualify as a dataset on its own." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 66, + "text": "Some NITA-U staff are already familiar with STEP, which is being used under RCIP-5. 3. Use of National Procurement System. National procurement procedures shall only apply if the requirements as required by the paragraph 5. 3 Procurement Regulations70 are met. In March 2017 ( updated February 2018 ) the PPDA issued a guideline titled \u201c reservations to promote local content in public procurement \u201d 70 ( a ) open advertising of the procurement opportunity at the national level; ( b ) the procurement is open to eligible firms from any country; ( c ) the request for bids / request for proposals document shall require that Bidders / Proposers submitting Bids / Proposals present a signed acceptance at the time of bidding, to be incorporated in any resulting contracts, confirming application of, and compliance with, the World Bank \u2019 s Anti-Corruption Guidelines, including without limitation the World Bank \u2019 s right to sanction and the World Bank \u2019 s inspection and audit rights; ( d ) Procurement Documents include provisions, as agreed with the World Bank, intended to adequately mitigate against environmental, social ( including sexual exploitation and abuse ( SEA ) and gender-based violence ( GBV ), health and safety ( \u201c ESHS \u201d ) risks and impacts; ( e ) contracts with an appropriate allocation of responsibilities, risks, and liabilities; ( f ) publication of contract award information; ( g ) rights for the World Bank to review procurement documentation and activities; ( h ) an effective complaints mechanism; and ( i ) maintenance of records of the Procurement Process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 44, + 48, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Some NITA-U staff are already familiar with STEP, which is being used under RCIP-5. 3.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "STEP refers to a program or initiative related to procurement processes, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a program or initiative", + "not described as containing records, statistics, or indicators", + "does not follow \u2018uses data from\u2019 or similar phrases" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'STEP' is referenced as something that NITA-U staff are familiar with, specifically under the context of RCIP-5. The sentence does not indicate that STEP is a dataset but rather suggests it is a program or initiative related to procurement processes. There are no indications that it is a structured collection of data or contains records or statistics. The term does not appear after any phrases that would typically denote a data source, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'. The mention does not enumerate it with any known datasets but rather alludes to its use in an organizational context. A model might have confused 'STEP' as a dataset due to its capitalized form, making it appear as a proper name or identifier, which is often indicative of datasets, and viewing it in the context of a project may have led to a misclassification. However, based on the information provided, it does not fulfill the criteria of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'STEP' is not treated as a dataset in this context as it refers to a program or initiative, not a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 76, + "text": "It will also enable COVID-19 digital education solutions, including in RHDs and support the Ministry of Education \u2019 s digital agenda including its \u201c Can ' t Wait To Learn \u201d digital learning platforms. Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) Total 280 RSW / WHR 58 Improve sustainable provision of water supply and sanitation service delivery and support long-term investments in infrastructure development, in RHDs in the West Nile and Northern region. Locations targeted for solar based water pumping have already been identified in Arua, Yumbe, Moyo, Adjumani, Lamwo, and Kiryandongo Provide digital enabling environment for remove water monitoring and strengthen efficiencies and effectiveness of water management systems. Gender Based Violence and Violence Against Children Prevention and Response Services in Uganda \u2019 s Refugee - Hosting Districts Report Status: Analysis completed, Total 0. 5 RSW / WHR N / A To mitigate GBV and prevent violence against children through engagement in productive activities in 4 RHDs. Increased access to more affordable connectivity will also increase likelihood of GB online risks. Project will support the project objective indirectly by including awareness and mitigation measures in digital skills training. Digital connectivity will strengthen case management for GBV and violence against", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 20, + 28, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will also enable COVID-19 digital education solutions, including in RHDs and support the Ministry of Education \u2019 s digital agenda including its \u201c Can ' t Wait To Learn \u201d digital learning platforms. Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) Total 280 RSW / WHR 58 Improve sustainable provision of water supply and sanitation service delivery and support long-term investments in infrastructure development, in RHDs in the West Nile and Northern region.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "COVID-19 refers to a disease and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a disease, not as a data source", + "follows references to educational solutions and project names", + "not described in terms of containing records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'COVID-19' is primarily known as a virus and disease, without any context here suggesting that it refers to a structured dataset. In the text, it is positioned alongside broader initiatives related to education and infrastructure but does not imply that it is a repository of data. The extraction model might have confused 'COVID-19' with a project or system due to the conversation about digital education solutions and the related workings of various projects. However, there are no indications that it serves as a database or structured collection of information in this case. The association with education solutions could mislead a model to classify it incorrectly as a dataset because of the implementation context, but the lack of any direct indication of data collection or structured analysis confirms that it is not a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "COVID-19 is not treated as a dataset in this context because it references a disease rather than a structured collection of data, with no indicators suggesting it holds records or statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 65 of 76 Project Total ( US $ million ) Development objectives and geographic scope UDAP-GovNet Synergies implementation commencing children and the interoperability of these systems between humanitarian managed and national systems, Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer ( UgiFT ) - Additional Financing ( P172868 ) Status: Pending effectiveness Total 250 RSW / WHR 50 Improve the adequacy and equity of fiscal transfers and fiscal management of resources by Local Governments for health, education, community irrigation and water services across all RHDs The UgIFT operation includes integrated digitization of service delivery in education, health, water, and micro-irrigation. This includes developing strategies for digitization of sector services, results management / dashboard linked to Online Transfer Information Management System ( OTIMS ) and Online Performance Management System ( OPAMS ), electronic medical records system and so on. UDAP-GovNet will play a key role by providing the enabling infrastructure to support the digitization of health, education, and water services to strengthen management, efficiency, reporting and planning systems outlined under UgIFT at the district level, including in RHDs. UDAP-GovNet will collaborate to ensure interoperability between the activities in UDAP-GovNet and UgIFT.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 875, + 920, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 65 of 76 Project Total ( US $ million ) Development objectives and geographic scope UDAP-GovNet Synergies implementation commencing children and the interoperability of these systems between humanitarian managed and national systems, Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer ( UgiFT ) - Additional Financing ( P172868 ) Status: Pending effectiveness Total 250 RSW / WHR 50 Improve the adequacy and equity of fiscal transfers and fiscal management of resources by Local Governments for health, education, community irrigation and water services across all RHDs The UgIFT operation includes integrated digitization of service delivery in education, health, water, and micro-irrigation. This includes developing strategies for digitization of sector services, results management / dashboard linked to Online Transfer Information Management System ( OTIMS ) and Online Performance Management System ( OPAMS ), electronic medical records system and so on. UDAP-GovNet will play a key role by providing the enabling infrastructure to support the digitization of health, education, and water services to strengthen management, efficiency, reporting and planning systems outlined under UgIFT at the district level, including in RHDs.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Online Transfer Information Management System is a system for managing information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of a broader strategy, not as a stand-alone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the 'Online Transfer Information Management System' is referred to explicitly as a 'system' for managing information. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in the digitization of service delivery and highlights its function in creating interplay between various systems, which suggests that it is not merely a collection of data, but rather a structured mechanism through which data is managed. When assessing whether this term should be treated as a dataset, the context strongly indicates it's a resource management tool instead of an actual dataset. The phrasing 'linked to' suggests it serves as part of an ecosystem for managing and reporting information but does not imply that it stands alone as a dataset used for analysis. The model may have been confused by the capitalized name of the system, the formal context of the World Bank, and its positioning with other systems that may sound like datasets, leading to the erroneous classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Online Transfer Information Management System is not treated as a dataset here because it operates as a management information system tasked with handling and integrating various data types rather than being a self-contained dataset for research or quantitative analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 65 of 76 Project Total ( US $ million ) Development objectives and geographic scope UDAP-GovNet Synergies implementation commencing children and the interoperability of these systems between humanitarian managed and national systems, Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer ( UgiFT ) - Additional Financing ( P172868 ) Status: Pending effectiveness Total 250 RSW / WHR 50 Improve the adequacy and equity of fiscal transfers and fiscal management of resources by Local Governments for health, education, community irrigation and water services across all RHDs The UgIFT operation includes integrated digitization of service delivery in education, health, water, and micro-irrigation. This includes developing strategies for digitization of sector services, results management / dashboard linked to Online Transfer Information Management System ( OTIMS ) and Online Performance Management System ( OPAMS ), electronic medical records system and so on. UDAP-GovNet will play a key role by providing the enabling infrastructure to support the digitization of health, education, and water services to strengthen management, efficiency, reporting and planning systems outlined under UgIFT at the district level, including in RHDs. UDAP-GovNet will collaborate to ensure interoperability between the activities in UDAP-GovNet and UgIFT.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 935, + 971, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Uganda Digital Acceleration Project \u2013 GovNet ( P171305 ) Page 65 of 76 Project Total ( US $ million ) Development objectives and geographic scope UDAP-GovNet Synergies implementation commencing children and the interoperability of these systems between humanitarian managed and national systems, Uganda Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfer ( UgiFT ) - Additional Financing ( P172868 ) Status: Pending effectiveness Total 250 RSW / WHR 50 Improve the adequacy and equity of fiscal transfers and fiscal management of resources by Local Governments for health, education, community irrigation and water services across all RHDs The UgIFT operation includes integrated digitization of service delivery in education, health, water, and micro-irrigation. This includes developing strategies for digitization of sector services, results management / dashboard linked to Online Transfer Information Management System ( OTIMS ) and Online Performance Management System ( OPAMS ), electronic medical records system and so on. UDAP-GovNet will play a key role by providing the enabling infrastructure to support the digitization of health, education, and water services to strengthen management, efficiency, reporting and planning systems outlined under UgIFT at the district level, including in RHDs.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a system for performance management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "infrastructure to support digitization of services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Online Performance Management System' seems to refer to a management information system (MIS) rather than a standalone dataset. It is presented as part of a broader infrastructure intended to enhance management, efficiency, and reporting, particularly in the domains of health, education, and water services. The phrase 'including in RHDs' further clarifies that this system is part of a greater suite of tools designed for performance management rather than a structured collection of data itself. The model might have tagged it as a dataset because of its technical name and the context of digitization, but the surrounding text emphasizes its role as a system rather than a raw data source. Additionally, it does not seem to imply that raw data can be extracted directly from it for analysis without clarification of its actual contents.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Online Performance Management System' is defined as a management information system within the context, and it serves as an infrastructure to support various services, not as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "043_Uganda-Digital-Acceleration-Project", + "page": 81, + "text": "Increasing digital data hosting and storage capacity and removing bottlenecks in the Government Service delivery Platforms to ensure the ability to quickly launch e-services during COVID-19 and any future health pandemics. Component 2: Enabling Digital Transformation of the Government The project will expedite the scale up of the existing shared digital government infrastructure to allow for speedy roll - out of new e-services in priority sectors, such as health, education, agriculture, justice, tourism, and trade. a. With more and more activities and interactions happening on-line, and with cyber threads on the rise around the world, the project will also support Strengthening of Uganda \u2019 s Cybersecurity Resilience and capabilities. b. Special attention will be paid to digital solutions to be developed in close collaboration with Ministry of Health, including Health Information Management System to support the logistics of vaccine distribution / tracking / reporting tools. c. Digital Literacy and Capacity Building activities are designed to quickly provide support for capacity building of employees on business continuity and remote working. Component3: Digital Inclusion of Refugees and Host communities a. Component 3 will through NBI extension and last mile connectivity programs connect refugees, host communities, public facilities, humanitarian organizations and private sector servicing refugees and host communities. Special attention will be paid to facilities that enhance pandemic measurement, prevention, and response. b. Component 3 will also enhance direct internet access at household and community levels, digital skills, digitization of MSMEs and enable e-services targeting refugees and host communities. Sub-components focused on skills and e-services are also contributing to better resilience and post-COVID-19 economic recovery.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 873, + 909, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "b. Special attention will be paid to digital solutions to be developed in close collaboration with Ministry of Health, including Health Information Management System to support the logistics of vaccine distribution / tracking / reporting tools. c.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a system designed for managing health information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of developing digital solutions", + "specifically described as a system for managing health information", + "not presented as a data source but rather a support tool" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'Health Information Management System' refers to an infrastructure aimed at supporting health logistics rather than being a dataset itself. The context indicates it is part of a larger digital solution aimed at enhancing operational efficiency in vaccine logistics, focusing more on the system's role rather than the data it may handle. While it could house datasets or process data, the phrase does not define it as a specific set of structured data, which is critical for labeling it as a dataset. The model might have been confused due to its formal naming, which can lend dataset-like attributes, especially when presented after phrases indicating data usage, but in this case, the context clearly emphasizes its function as a system rather than as a data repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is not a dataset as it describes a system designed for health information management, serving more as an infrastructure for data handling rather than a concrete dataset in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Social Entrepreneurship, Empowerment and Cohesion in Refugee and Host Communities in Turkey Project ( P171456 ) 5 15. With regard to women, there are also significant gaps in access to employment and self-employment opportunities for both refugee women and women from Turkish hosting communities ( see also Annex 3 ) that warrant a particular focus on supporting women \u2019 s entrepreneurship and women-owned social enterprises. Only 32 percent of Turkish women of working age are employed, compared to 72 percent of Turkish men. 16 Further, 7 percent of Turkish men are employers compared to 1 percent of Turkish women. 17 Barriers to Turkish women \u2019 s entry into entrepreneurship include lack of access to finance, lack of skills, and social norms related to marriage and childcare. Syrian refugee women in Turkey face significant challenges in accessing formal employment. According to results from a UN Women survey, 18 85 percent of Syrian women were unemployed in Turkey. Only 10 percent of female respondents stated that they work in a regular income-generating activity, while 5 percent make their living from irregular or seasonal work.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 916, + 931, + "named" + ], + [ + 100, + 106, + "UN Women survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 797, + 817, + "UN Women survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 821, + 827, + "UN Women survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Syrian refugee women in Turkey face significant challenges in accessing formal employment. According to results from a UN Women survey, 18 85 percent of Syrian women were unemployed in Turkey. Only 10 percent of female respondents stated that they work in a regular income-generating activity, while 5 percent make their living from irregular or seasonal work.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey conducted by UN Women, which is a structured collection of data used for research on employment among Syrian women in Turkey.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018According to results from\u2019", + "described as a survey with structured data on unemployment", + "provides quantitative results about Syrian women's employment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UN Women survey' refers explicitly to a survey carried out by UN Women that reports on employment statistics for Syrian women in Turkey. The phrase 'According to results from' clearly signals that what follows is associated with findings derived from a data source, which is the survey in question. This instance does not merely mention a project name or management information system; instead, it emphasizes a specific structured dataset generated from that survey. The clarity of context \u2014 including statistics and data-backed conclusions \u2014 supports the understanding that the term represents a legitimate dataset, and hence, it is classified as such. The extraction model could have been misled if the term was interpreted more broadly as a general initiative or organizational effort rather than a specific data-generating activity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'UN Women survey' is appropriately treated as a dataset here because it refers to a structured survey yielding employment data on Syrian women, explicitly referenced through statistical results." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 73, + "text": "The World Bank Social Entrepreneurship, Empowerment and Cohesion in Refugee and Host Communities in Turkey Project ( P171456 ) 64 contracts determined after the needs analysis, and procurement plan will be updated accordingly. 36. Procurement Tracking. The proposed project will use Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ), a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance. Procurement planning will be done and updated through STEP whenever the contract packages are identified as a result of the needs analysis as mentioned above. Only the MoIT will be given STEP access in the project portal to safeguard the confidentiality of the contract information recorded by different contracting entities. Hence, the local authority beneficiaries who are implementing subprojects under the \u201c guided project support \u201d ( Subcomponent 2B ) will share the procurement information with the relevant TDA. The TDAs will ensure and maintain that this information is forwarded to the MoIT and processed in STEP by the PIU. 37. A list of the procurements performed by the beneficiaries under Subcomponent 1B will be recorded in a format agreed by the Bank and specified in the POM, and these records will be uploaded into STEP by the MoIT at least annually but not later than the closing date of the project. 38. Advance Procurement.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 283, + 330, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Procurement Tracking. The proposed project will use Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ), a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance. Procurement planning will be done and updated through STEP whenever the contract packages are identified as a result of the needs analysis as mentioned above.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "does not indicate structured data used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating this occurrence of 'Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement', it's essential to note that the term is explicitly described as a 'planning and tracking system.' This constitutes a clear identification of functionality aimed at managing procurement activities rather than being a standalone collection of data for analysis. The context does not explicitly indicate that STEP is providing or supplying structured data itself; rather, it serves as a tool to facilitate the tracking and planning of procurement processes. While the phrase 'provides data on procurement activities' can create some ambiguity, it suggests that the system generates information as a result of the tracking process, rather than existing as a dataset that researchers would directly collect or analyze. A model might have misinterpreted this as a dataset due to its mention after 'use' in the text, which usually signals data sources. However, here it is crucial to recognize that it functions more as a framework or a system that organizes information, rather than acting as a primary dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement' is not treated as a dataset because it is defined as a planning and tracking system rather than a structured source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "The World Bank Social Entrepreneurship, Empowerment and Cohesion in Refugee and Host Communities in Turkey Project ( P171456 ) 77 ANNEX 3: Gender 1. The project will focus on closing the gender gap in access to economic opportunities for both refugee women and women from Turkish hosting communities. The project will expand economic opportunities through support for social enterprises and livelihoods facilities in project areas. 2. Gender gap in economic opportunities for Turkish women. For Turkish women, there is a gender gap in labor force participation and in employment opportunities. Recent figures from the Turkish Statistical Institute ( 2018 ) show that the national rate for male participation in the labor force ( meaning those actively seeking employment opportunities ) is 73 percent compared to 34 percent for women. For employment rates ( 2018, Turkstat ), the gender gap is similar: only 32 percent of Turkish women of working age are employed, compared to 72 percent of Turkish men. 84 Further, while the share of employers compared to the total number of employed in Turkey is high ( 6 percent ) compared to the Europe and Central Asia average ( 3 percent ), the gender gap is particularly large: 7 percent of men are employers compared to 1 percent of women.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 864, + 872, + "named" + ], + [ + 100, + 106, + "Turkstat <> data geography" + ], + [ + 476, + 489, + "Turkstat <> reference population" + ], + [ + 618, + 647, + "Turkstat <> author" + ], + [ + 650, + 654, + "Turkstat <> publication year" + ], + [ + 839, + 855, + "Turkstat <> data description" + ], + [ + 858, + 862, + "Turkstat <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1089, + 1095, + "Turkstat <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Recent figures from the Turkish Statistical Institute ( 2018 ) show that the national rate for male participation in the labor force ( meaning those actively seeking employment opportunities ) is 73 percent compared to 34 percent for women. For employment rates ( 2018, Turkstat ), the gender gap is similar: only 32 percent of Turkish women of working age are employed, compared to 72 percent of Turkish men. 84 Further, while the share of employers compared to the total number of employed in Turkey is high ( 6 percent ) compared to the Europe and Central Asia average ( 3 percent ), the gender gap is particularly large: 7 percent of men are employers compared to 1 percent of women.", + "type": "statistical institute", + "explanation": "Turkstat refers to the Turkish Statistical Institute, which collects and publishes various datasets, including labor force participation and employment statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019 (implied in context)", + "described as a source of employment statistics", + "cited as providing data on labor force participation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Turkstat' is indeed behaving as a dataset reference. The Turkish Statistical Institute is recognized as a crucial source of statistical data. Although it can be considered more of an institution than a dataset itself, it is the entity that compiles and releases datasets on various statistics, including labor force participation and employment rates. The phrases surrounding 'Turkstat' signal that this source is being used to provide concrete statistical information, leading to the inference that it thus serves as a dataset reference in the analysis despite its nature as a statistical institution. Therefore, the model's classification as a dataset is reasonable in this instance, as it refers directly to data produced by Turkstat rather than to the institute's operational aspects or management systems. There might be confusion since Turkstat is not a dataset by itself but an organization which houses multiple datasets; however, in the context given, it is clear that it is being cited for specific statistical content.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Turkstat' is treated as a dataset reference because it is acknowledged as a source for specific labor statistics, thereby fulfilling the role of providing actual data." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "Gender gap in economic opportunities for refugee women90 in Turkey. According to UN Women survey results ( 201891 ), 85 percent of Syrian women were unemployed in Turkey. Only 10 percent of female respondents stated that they work in a regular income-generating activity while 5 percent make their living from irregular or seasonal work. Syrian refugee women who are working are often limited to informal work opportunities with low 84 Cebeci, T. 2014. Performance of Female Employers in Turkey. Ministry of Family and Social Policies of the Republic of Turkey and the World Bank.; Okten, K. 2014. Female Entrepreneurship in Turkey: Patterns, Characteristics and Trends. Ministry of Family and Social Policies of the Republic of Turkey and the World Bank. 85 Cebeci, T. 2014. Performance of Female Employers in Turkey.; Okten, K. 2014. Female Entrepreneurship in Turkey: Patterns, Characteristics and Trends. 86 World Bank. 2009. Female Labor Force Participation in Turkey, Trends, Determinants and Policy Framework. Report number 48508-TR.; Cebeci, T. 2014. Performance of Female Employers in Turkey.; Kizilaslan, N., and M. Karaomer. 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 81, + 96, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 66, + "UN Women survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 131, + 143, + "UN Women survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 163, + 169, + "UN Women survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 338, + 358, + "UN Women survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Gender gap in economic opportunities for refugee women90 in Turkey. According to UN Women survey results ( 201891 ), 85 percent of Syrian women were unemployed in Turkey. Only 10 percent of female respondents stated that they work in a regular income-generating activity while 5 percent make their living from irregular or seasonal work.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UN Women survey provides structured data on the economic opportunities for refugee women in Turkey, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "results mentioned explicitly", + "contains structured survey data", + "directly relates to economic opportunities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'UN Women survey' in this context clearly refers to a survey that has generated data on unemployment and economic activity among Syrian women in Turkey. The phrase 'according to UN Women survey results' explicitly positions this survey as a source of information, indicating that it holds structured records or findings that inform the discussion of economic opportunities. The reference here does not suggest it is a system or a tool; it is treated as a dataset because it provides specific statistics that can be analyzed. Confusion could arise if the text were framed differently, such as referring to a larger project or initiative without direct emphasis on data or results. However, the context makes it clear that it is treated as a data source rather than just project nomenclature or an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UN Women survey' is treated explicitly as a dataset because it sources structured results and statistics regarding the economic opportunities of refugee women." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "Hatay Ili K\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Girisimcilik Egilimlerinin Incelenmesi ( Determination of The Role of Women Entrepreneurship in The Rural of Hatay City ) Turk Tar\u0131m \u2013 G\u0131da Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 3 ( 6 ): 371 \u2013 379. 87 World Bank. 2014. Turkey: Promoting Gender Equity in Labor Market and Entrepreneurship. Report No. ACS9213. 88 Demirguc-Kunt, A. and L. Klapper. 2012. \u201c Measuring Financial Inclusion. The Global Index Database \u201d. Working Paper Series 6025. The World Bank: Washington, D. C. 89 World Bank. 2015. Supply and Demand for Child Care Services in Turkey. A Mixed Methods Study. World Bank: Washington, D. C. 90 The project will target refugee women and youth, regardless of their country of origin. However, since Syrian refugees make up the overwhelming majority of the refugee population, most analysis and data focus specifically on Syrians. This annex reflects the availability of data. 91 UN Women and ASAM. June 2018. Needs Assessment of Syrian Women and Girls Under Temporary Protection Status In Turkey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 413, + 434, + "named" + ], + [ + 225, + 235, + "Global Index Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 243, + 249, + "Global Index Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 336, + 353, + "Global Index Database <> author" + ], + [ + 358, + 368, + "Global Index Database <> author" + ], + [ + 370, + 374, + "Global Index Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 469, + 479, + "Global Index Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 502, + 512, + "Global Index Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 571, + "Global Index Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 596, + 606, + "Global Index Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1022, + 1028, + "Global Index Database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u201c Measuring Financial Inclusion. The Global Index Database \u201d. Working Paper Series 6025.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Global Index Database is a structured collection of data used to measure financial inclusion.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "appears with a clear title indicating a specific focus ('Measuring Financial Inclusion')", + "described as a database, which implies a structured collection of data", + "included in a professional context indicated by 'Working Paper Series' suggesting formal analysis or reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Global Index Database' is explicitly referenced in the context of measuring financial inclusion, which implies that it is intended to represent a specific collection of structured data relevant to the topic. The phrase 'Global Index Database' does not imply it is a mere system or project name but instead suggests it serves as a repository for relevant data on financial inclusion. Although models often confuse project names or systems with datasets, the specificity of its use in an academic working paper suggests it is indeed a dataset. The label 'Working Paper Series' further supports the idea that the term is treated as a formalized dataset for analytical purposes rather than a generic platform or project without defined data structure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Index Database' is treated as a real dataset mention because it is presented with a clear analytical purpose related to financial inclusion and is located within an academic working paper series, implying formal structure and data use." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 90, + "text": "The World Bank Social Entrepreneurship, Empowerment and Cohesion in Refugee and Host Communities in Turkey Project ( P171456 ) 81 who also have limitations. Syrians under Temporary Protection ( SuTP ) have the right to stay in Turkey until safe return conditions are established in Syria. 103 SuTP have access to social benefits and services including health and education and can enter the labor market, subject to certain conditions. 104 6. Refugees who work are also better off than those who do not work. Although the data is limited, reliable data is mostly available for SuTP and especially those receiving the ESSN. In a 2018 representative survey of households receiving the ESSN, 84 percent of refugee households had at least one person who was working, but only 3 percent had a work permit. Of those that were working, 20 percent were working in unskilled services, with others working in the textile industry ( 19 percent ), construction ( 12 percent ), and artisanship ( 10 percent ). Of the 18 percent of refugees that had graduated from university or high school, about 20 percent were unemployed. Twenty percent of those without any formal education were also unemployed; and overall, over half of refugees were working irregularly.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 683, + 687, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although the data is limited, reliable data is mostly available for SuTP and especially those receiving the ESSN. In a 2018 representative survey of households receiving the ESSN, 84 percent of refugee households had at least one person who was working, but only 3 percent had a work permit. Of those that were working, 20 percent were working in unskilled services, with others working in the textile industry ( 19 percent ), construction ( 12 percent ), and artisanship ( 10 percent ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "ESSN refers to a program providing social benefits to refugees, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "refers to a social benefits program for refugees", + "not explicitly described as containing structured data", + "mentioned in relation to limitations of data availability", + "does not indicate a specific collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ESSN' is clearly referred to a program that provides social benefits rather than a dataset containing structured data. The term is used in relation to the survey results that analyze households receiving benefits from the ESSN, focusing on the demographics and employment statistics of refugees. The context indicates that 'ESSN' is tied to the people benefiting from the program and does not itself act as the actual dataset or collection of records; it instead is a descriptor of the program. This confusion could arise for a model when it sees 'ESSN' mentioned alongside data about people or results described as collected data, leading to a misinterpretation of ESSN as a data source or structured dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ESSN is a program providing social benefits to refugees, and in this context, it does not refer to a dataset but rather the population receiving services. It is not a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "044_Turkey-Social-Entrepreneurship-Empowerment-and-Cohesion-in-Refugee-and-Host-Communities-in-Turkey-Project", + "page": 91, + "text": "Available at: https: / / www. files. ethz. ch / isn / 187409 / 09012015103629. pdf. 115 Ibid. 116 Ibid. 117 Erdo\u011fan, M. 2014. Syrians in Turkey: Social Acceptance and Integration Research. In World Food Programme. 2017. Social Cohesion in Turkey: Refugee and Host Community Online Survey. Available at: https: / / reliefweb. int / report / turkey / social-cohesion-turkey-refugee-and - host-community-online-survey-round-1-december-2017. 118 German Marshall Fund. 2015. Turkish Perceptions Survey. In World Food Programme. 2017. Social Cohesion in Turkey: Refugee and Host Community Online Survey. Available at: https: / / reliefweb. int / report / turkey / social-cohesion-turkey-refugee-and-host-community-online - survey-round-1-december-2017. 119 Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies. 2015. Effects of the Syrian Refugees on Turkey. Report No. 195. Ankara, Turkey. Available at: https: / / www. files. ethz. ch / isn / 187409 / 09012015103629. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 470, + 496, + "named" + ], + [ + 120, + 124, + "Turkish Perceptions Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 137, + 143, + "Turkish Perceptions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 192, + 212, + "Turkish Perceptions Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 464, + 468, + "Turkish Perceptions Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 796, + 800, + "Turkish Perceptions Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2015. Turkish Perceptions Survey. In World Food Programme.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'In' indicating association with the World Food Programme", + "implies a survey methodology which suggests data collection", + "name appears structured and specific, resembling a formal dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Turkish Perceptions Survey' is likely to represent a specific, organized collection of responses from individuals regarding their perceptions in a structured survey format. The context suggests that it is associated with the World Food Programme, which lends credence to its role as a dataset used for analysis, despite it sometimes being considered a project or initiative. The contextual clue of 'In World Food Programme' implies its relevance to a broader analysis or reporting framework, enhancing its identification as a dataset. Potential confusion could arise from the phrasing or its function within a program, where it may be seen as a project with data rather than simply a data source. However, given the specificity and established survey nature, it is best understood as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Turkish Perceptions Survey' is functioning as a dataset in this context, as it suggests a structured survey collecting data relevant to specific perceptions, despite potential interpretations as a project name or initiative." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The Turkish Red Crescent ( TRC ) Livelihoods Survey ( 2018 ) found that around 86 percent of the refugee population works in informal jobs and the EU estimates that up to 950, 000 SuTPs currently work in the informal sector. 5 9. A combination of demand and supply factors contribute to the problems that refugees face in accessing formal employment. On the supply side, low levels of education and skills and informational and language barriers pose challenges in access to the formal labor market. Available evidence suggests that the education and skills levels of refugees are low, for example, with around 15 percent having at most a high school degree among Syrian ESSN beneficiaries, and the majority of these degrees are from Syria. 6 Additionally, among ESSN beneficiaries, 14 percent have no formal education and 39 percent have only attended primary school. 7 The eligibility criteria for the ESSN also disincentivize refugees from pursuing and accepting formal employment, as they would risk losing their social assistance support. On the demand side, employers may find it relatively more difficult to verify the skill levels, and therefore expected productivity, of refugees. 8 This is especially true in the case of SuTPs who could not bring their degrees or certifications with them to Turkey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 51, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Turkish Red Crescent ( TRC ) Livelihoods Survey ( 2018 ) found that around 86 percent of the refugee population works in informal jobs and the EU estimates that up to 950, 000 SuTPs currently work in the informal sector. 5 9.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Turkish Red Crescent Livelihoods Survey is a structured collection of data regarding the employment conditions of refugees, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows statistical findings", + "mentioned as a survey", + "describes data on employment conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Turkish Red Crescent (TRC) Livelihoods Survey' is explicitly described as a survey, which typically indicates a structured collection of data. The reference to the survey's findings about informal employment rates among refugees reinforces the idea that it consists of relevant data that can be analyzed. Models might have been confused due to the potential for interpreting it as merely a project name or system; however, the context specifies it gathers data regarding a particular demographic and their employment status, which is characteristic of datasets. Ultimately, despite it being listed in terms that could resemble a program or system, the context makes it clear that it functions as a concrete data source in this analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Turkish Red Crescent (TRC) Livelihoods Survey is considered a dataset here because it is described as a survey that collects and analyzes structured data, particularly related to refugee employment conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Further long-standing structural, institutional, and policy constraints such as low productivity, limited domestic market integration, and distinct dualistic pattern in farm structures act as a binding constraint on growth and employment generation. These factors result in unfavorable working conditions, including wages often below the national minimum and inadequate worker protection, including some use of child labor. More recently, there is some suggestion that farmers are finding it increasingly difficult to attract Turkish workers who are willing to work in the sector; 14 and farmers report that among those people who are willing to work, they lack the relevant skills for the task, which leads to crop losses. 15 10 Erdogan, M. 2014. Syrians in Turkey: Social Acceptance and Integration Research. Migration and Politics Research Centre, Hacettepe University. 11 Source: Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey, 2018.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 914, + 942, + "named" + ], + [ + 526, + 541, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 730, + 741, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 759, + 765, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 884, + 913, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 944, + 948, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1002, + 1020, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Migration and Politics Research Centre, Hacettepe University. 11 Source: Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey, 2018.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding labor force statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source:'", + "described as a survey providing labor force statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Labor Force Survey' is clearly positioned as a source of structured data, following a standard citation format indicated by 'Source:'. The phrase 'Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey, 2018' suggests that it refers to a specific study conducted by a governmental body, which is likely to contain data on household labor statistics. Since it is mentioned directly as a source and not indicated as a project, system, or MIS, it aligns more with the characteristics of a dataset. The model might have considered it a project due to its formal title, but given the context of citation, it is unequivocally used as a dataset reference.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Household Labor Force Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is specifically cited as a source of data for labor force statistics, clearly indicating it serves as a structured collection of data rather than a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Household Labor Force Survey collects information from a representative sample of registered household residents living in Turkey, but the coverage of refugee population is thought to be extremely low as many of them are not registered residents in households and lack Turkish language skills to respond to the questionnaire. 12 Those in refugee status do not need to obtain work permits to work as agricultural seasonal workers. 13 Source: Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey. 14 These reports are reflected in the sectoral distribution of workers by age groups, which suggests that Turkish youth have been shifting out of agriculture: less than 10 percent of Turkish youth is employed in the agricultural sector as opposed to 50 percent for the older age groups. 15 Limited data are available for the agriculture sector in Turkey due to very high informality, and findings rely heavily on the interviews with farmers in the field that were carried out as part of project preparation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 28, + "named" + ], + [ + 82, + 112, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 123, + 129, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 441, + 470, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 539, + 585, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 848, + 854, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Household Labor Force Survey collects information from a representative sample of registered household residents living in Turkey, but the coverage of refugee population is thought to be extremely low as many of them are not registered residents in households and lack Turkish language skills to respond to the questionnaire. 12 Those in refugee status do not need to obtain work permits to work as agricultural seasonal workers.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data that gathers information from a representative sample of households, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as collecting data from a representative sample", + "explicitly identified as a survey gathering information", + "mentioned in a context relating to research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Household Labor Force Survey' is presented in a manner that clearly indicates it is an ongoing survey designed to collect structured data from a demographic group. The text describes its function \u2013 gathering information from registered household residents in Turkey, a process typical of datasets utilized in research contexts. While 'Household Labor Force Survey' could be construed as a project or platform due to the nature of surveys, its explicit mention as an entity that collects data supports its identification as a dataset. The expression of coverage and the nature of the survey provide additional context that reinforces the notion of it being a dataset. Thus, the initial judgment of this term being a dataset remains valid in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Household Labor Force Survey' is indeed a dataset in this context as it refers to a structured collection of data designed for analysis, explicitly described as gathering information from a representative sample." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Household Labor Force Survey collects information from a representative sample of registered household residents living in Turkey, but the coverage of refugee population is thought to be extremely low as many of them are not registered residents in households and lack Turkish language skills to respond to the questionnaire. 12 Those in refugee status do not need to obtain work permits to work as agricultural seasonal workers. 13 Source: Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey. 14 These reports are reflected in the sectoral distribution of workers by age groups, which suggests that Turkish youth have been shifting out of agriculture: less than 10 percent of Turkish youth is employed in the agricultural sector as opposed to 50 percent for the older age groups. 15 Limited data are available for the agriculture sector in Turkey due to very high informality, and findings rely heavily on the interviews with farmers in the field that were carried out as part of project preparation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 471, + 499, + "named" + ], + [ + 82, + 112, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 123, + 129, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 441, + 470, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 539, + 585, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 848, + 854, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "12 Those in refugee status do not need to obtain work permits to work as agricultural seasonal workers. 13 Source: Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey. 14 These reports are reflected in the sectoral distribution of workers by age groups, which suggests that Turkish youth have been shifting out of agriculture: less than 10 percent of Turkish youth is employed in the agricultural sector as opposed to 50 percent for the older age groups.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data that gathers information from a representative sample of registered household residents in Turkey, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Source:\u2019 which indicates a data origin", + "described as a survey that indicates data collection", + "implies structured records from a representative sample" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Labor Force Survey' is clearly treated as a dataset because it follows the phrase 'Source: Turkish Statistical Institute,' indicating it is the origin of the data being referenced. The phrase itself denotes a survey aimed at gathering information, suggesting structured records and statistics relevant to labor force metrics in Turkey. Although one could argue that it is part of a broader statistical framework or public administration system, the specific reference to a survey aligns it more closely with a dataset due to its implication of systematic data collection. The model might have been confused had there been an ambiguous mention of the survey as part of a larger project or system without these clear indicators of data usage, but here the signals strongly point to it being utilized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household Labor Force Survey' is used as a data source in this context, fitting the definition of a dataset due to its structured nature and direct attribution as a survey." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Agricultural Employment Support for Refugees and Turkish Citizens through Enhanced Market Linkages ( P171543 ) Page 37 of 85 Program on Elimination of Child Labor ( 2017 \u2013 2023 ) in Turkey and has introduced strict measures to prevent involvement of children in worst forms of child labor in different sectors, including agriculture. However, with the high informality in the sector, child labor remains an important problem. According to Turkstat \u2019 s 2012 Child Labor Force Survey which contains the most recent national data regarding child labor in Turkey, 893, 000 children between the ages of 6 and 17 are working and 44. 7 percent of all working children ( 399, 000 ) are employed in agricultural production. Other data resources, such as the US Department of Labor, state in the child labor report on Turkey ( 2018 ) that out of 320, 254 children of ages between 6 and 14 years who are working, 57 percent worked in agriculture. 100. The project design and ESF instruments aim to minimize the risks of child labor and informal work which are associated with the agriculture sector in Turkey. The project will support formal employment for persons above the age of 18 years. The formality of employment will be verified by the Turkish Social Security Agency and the project will establish age verification procedure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 472, + 496, + "named" + ], + [ + 197, + 203, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 454, + 462, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 467, + 471, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 528, + 541, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 567, + 573, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 575, + 633, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 823, + 829, + "Child Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, with the high informality in the sector, child labor remains an important problem. According to Turkstat \u2019 s 2012 Child Labor Force Survey which contains the most recent national data regarding child labor in Turkey, 893, 000 children between the ages of 6 and 17 are working and 44. 7 percent of all working children ( 399, 000 ) are employed in agricultural production.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Child Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data that provides national statistics on child labor in Turkey, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as providing national data on child labor", + "contains structured data regarding child labor" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Child Labor Force Survey' is explicitly referenced as containing the most recent national data on child labor in Turkey. The phrase 'according to' clearly positions this survey as a data source providing specific statistical information. There are no indications that it is a project or a management information system; rather, it is treated as a structured source of empirical data. The mention of 'national data' and the specific statistics provided reinforces the perception of it as a dataset. If one were to confuse it with a project or system, it would likely stem from the term 'survey,' which might suggest a broader initiative rather than a single data collection effort. However, given the clarity of its role in this context, I firmly categorize it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Child Labor Force Survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly associated with structured national data and statistical findings on child labor in Turkey." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 40, + "text": "The ACC PIU will receive additional ESF training before effectiveness and will be supported by the Bank \u2019 s ESF team throughout implementation, as needed. E. Corporate Requirements: Citizen Engagement, Gender and Climate Change 103. Gender equity. Despite improvements in recent years, female labor force participation ( FLFP ) rates continue to be very low at 34 percent, compared to 73 percent for men. Agriculture is a major sector of work for economically active women, with 26 percent of female employment working in agriculture and women making up close to half the agricultural workforce. 61 Refugee women are more prone to early marriages and less likely to be economically active compared to Turkish women. Public activities including contacts with agricultural intermediaries, neighborhood foremen ( muhtar ), and local community is almost exclusively conducted by the men of the household, indicating that financial matters of refugee women 60 The project benefits from the Bank \u2019 s EHSG and the FAO Guidance Note: Child Labour in Agriculture in Protracted Crises, Fragile and Humanitarian Contexts. 61 Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey, 2018.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1144, + 1172, + "named" + ], + [ + 1114, + 1143, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1174, + 1178, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1232, + 1250, + "Household Labor Force Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Public activities including contacts with agricultural intermediaries, neighborhood foremen ( muhtar ), and local community is almost exclusively conducted by the men of the household, indicating that financial matters of refugee women 60 The project benefits from the Bank \u2019 s EHSG and the FAO Guidance Note: Child Labour in Agriculture in Protracted Crises, Fragile and Humanitarian Contexts. 61 Turkish Statistical Institute Household Labor Force Survey, 2018.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor force participation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Turkish Statistical Institute'", + "described as a survey which implies structured data collection", + "enumerated alongside known statistical sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Labor Force Survey' appears in a phrase that identifies it directly with the Turkish Statistical Institute, a reputable national statistical body. Given that it is referred to as a 'survey,' it indicates a formal method of data collection, typically used for statistical analysis. The phrase provides no context suggesting it's merely a name for a project or tool; instead, it highlights its function as a systematic gathering of labor market data. The surrounding text supports the interpretation of it as a dataset since the project is clearly seeking insights derived from structured data sources, and this survey fits that role. Potential confusion could arise if the term was used in a different context where it served merely as a label for an initiative or information system, but here the phrasing is explicit in denoting it as a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household Labor Force Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is directly associated with the Turkish Statistical Institute, described as a survey involved in structured data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "045_Turkey-Agricultural-Employment-Support-for-Refugees-and-Turkish-Citizens-through-Enhanced-Market-Linkages-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "Quarterly Administrativ e data ACC Proportion of trainees satisfied with the training received Measures the proportion of trainees who report being Quarterly Survey data Beneficiary survey ACC PIU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 148, + 164, + "named" + ], + [ + 35, + 94, + "Quarterly Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Quarterly Administrativ e data ACC Proportion of trainees satisfied with the training received Measures the proportion of trainees who report being Quarterly Survey data Beneficiary survey ACC PIU", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data measuring trainee satisfaction, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as 'Quarterly Survey data'", + "follows 'Measures the proportion of trainees who report being'", + "indicates collection of trainee satisfaction data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Quarterly Survey' is explicitly referenced as the source of data measuring trainee satisfaction. The phrase 'Quarterly Survey data' suggests it is a specific dataset that contains structured information regarding the satisfaction of trainees. Although 'Quarterly Survey' could imply a project or a survey system, the context clearly emphasizes it as a data source by directly linking it to the survey results. Key phrases that indicate its role as a dataset amplify this understanding. The previous interpretation as a dataset aligns with its usage here, as it effectively implies organized data related to a specific purpose (trainee satisfaction). The model might have confused it for a system due to its formal naming; however, the explicit context clarifies its function as data rather than merely the mechanism or initiative behind data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Quarterly Survey' behaves as a dataset because it is directly associated with quantitative measures of trainee satisfaction and described as such ('Quarterly Survey data')." + }, + { + "filename": "046_Cameroon-COVID-19-Preparedness-and-Response-Project", + "page": 26, + "text": "Reporting: The MoPH will produce a periodic report each 90 days based on agreed targets and the progress made of implementation of critical project activities. This report will contain tables of performance against indicators for the proposed project. 54. For real-time data collection and analysis, the project will implement the Geo-enabling Method for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ). The GEMS method was developed by the Fragility, Conflict and Violence ( FCV ) Group of the World Bank and enables project teams to use open source ICT tools for in - field collection of structured digital data from the field that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system and MIS. The integrated data can include any kind of indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and GPS coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information. Using these tools systematically allows the project to enhance the transparency and accuracy of project planning as well as M & E and third-party monitoring throughout the project cycle. Moreover, GEMS allow to establish a digital platform for remote supervision, real-time safeguards monitoring, and portfolio mapping for coordination across project components as well as with other operations in the country. 55. GEMS use in the context of COVID-19 monitoring. While GEMS can support operational monitoring of the COVID-19 response in a variety of ways, it is not intended to be used for surveillance activities", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 678, + 681, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For real-time data collection and analysis, the project will implement the Geo-enabling Method for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ). The GEMS method was developed by the Fragility, Conflict and Violence ( FCV ) Group of the World Bank and enables project teams to use open source ICT tools for in - field collection of structured digital data from the field that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system and MIS. The integrated data can include any kind of indicators, based on tailor-made forms; photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and GPS coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the information.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "not referred to as a dataset", + "system mentioned in conjunction with data processes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System, which indicates a structured framework that is designed to manage and organize data rather than being a dataset itself. The text indicates that the MIS is part of a centralized monitoring and evaluation system that collects data, but it does not imply that the MIS itself is a concrete collection of data or a dataset for analysis. The term follows the mention of 'M & E system,' reinforcing its role as a system for managing data rather than as a source of data. The extraction model might have been confused because 'MIS' is capitalized and situated in a section that discusses data collection, leading to an impression that it might be treated like a dataset; however, the surrounding context does not support this interpretation. The clear reference to it as a system and its operational role suggests it\u2019s better viewed as a tool rather than as a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it is clearly identified as a Management Information System essential for managing data processes, rather than representing a collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "046_Cameroon-COVID-19-Preparedness-and-Response-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Project ( P174108 ) Page 23 of 56 related to the disease itself ( such as case detection, contact tracing ) and tracking of individual people in any context ). Particular caution also relates to any activities that require stringent policies on Personally Identifiable Information ( PII ) or that might interfere with existing / planned tailored Health Management Information Systems. The general approach for implementing the GEMS method sustainably entails a capacity-building training to be delivered to representatives from the PIUs and Task Team. The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise. 56. Leveraging the GEMS methodology is foreseen for most project components, including activities under the Component 1 ( Sub-components 1. 2, 1. 3, and 1. 4 ), Components 2, 3 and 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 652, + 656, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "GEMS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 679, + 693, + "GEMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 818, + 834, + "GEMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 980, + 990, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The general approach for implementing the GEMS method sustainably entails a capacity-building training to be delivered to representatives from the PIUs and Task Team. The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GEMS method has been used to create a digital database of health facilities, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a method and training program", + "described as a platform", + "does not explicitly refer to a structured data source", + "not enumerated with known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is primarily discussed as a method and capacity-building training tool rather than as a specific dataset. While it is noted that the GEMS method has been used to create a digital database of health facilities, this database is not explicitly labeled as 'GEMS' in the text. Instead, 'GEMS' seems to serve as a project or training platform aimed at enhancing capacity rather than representing a concrete dataset itself. The confusion for the extraction model likely arises from phrases that suggest data utilization, such as 'create a digital database,' but GEMS is ultimately framed as a system or approach rather than a standalone dataset. The terminology indicates it functions more as an infrastructural tool, alongside references to support from the World Bank, rather than a defined dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, GEMS is not treated as a dataset but rather as a method and platform involved in the process of creating a database, which makes it more of a project or system rather than an actual dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "046_Cameroon-COVID-19-Preparedness-and-Response-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Project ( P174108 ) Page 23 of 56 related to the disease itself ( such as case detection, contact tracing ) and tracking of individual people in any context ). Particular caution also relates to any activities that require stringent policies on Personally Identifiable Information ( PII ) or that might interfere with existing / planned tailored Health Management Information Systems. The general approach for implementing the GEMS method sustainably entails a capacity-building training to be delivered to representatives from the PIUs and Task Team. The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise. 56. Leveraging the GEMS methodology is foreseen for most project components, including activities under the Component 1 ( Sub-components 1. 2, 1. 3, and 1. 4 ), Components 2, 3 and 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 724, + 728, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "GEMS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 679, + 693, + "GEMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 818, + 834, + "GEMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 980, + 990, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The general approach for implementing the GEMS method sustainably entails a capacity-building training to be delivered to representatives from the PIUs and Task Team. The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GEMS method has been used to create a digital database of health facilities, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a method and platform", + "described in the context of a capacity-building training", + "implying use of GEMS for geo-mapping rather than as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the highlighted term 'GEMS' refers to a method and platform used for implementing a training with health facilities, rather than being defined explicitly as a dataset. While the text mentions that a digital database has been created through the application of the GEMS method, it does not define GEMS itself as a dataset. The confusion may arise due to the capitalization of 'GEMS', which makes it appear to be a proper noun indicative of a dataset. However, contextually, it is mainly referenced as a method that enables the creation of data rather than serving as a direct data source itself. The text does not present GEMS solely or primarily as a dataset, which justifies the conclusion that it should be regarded as a platform or procedural framework rather than an independent dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is treated more as a method and platform used in health facility mapping, not as an independent dataset. Therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "046_Cameroon-COVID-19-Preparedness-and-Response-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Project ( P174108 ) Page 23 of 56 related to the disease itself ( such as case detection, contact tracing ) and tracking of individual people in any context ). Particular caution also relates to any activities that require stringent policies on Personally Identifiable Information ( PII ) or that might interfere with existing / planned tailored Health Management Information Systems. The general approach for implementing the GEMS method sustainably entails a capacity-building training to be delivered to representatives from the PIUs and Task Team. The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise. 56. Leveraging the GEMS methodology is foreseen for most project components, including activities under the Component 1 ( Sub-components 1. 2, 1. 3, and 1. 4 ), Components 2, 3 and 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 896, + 900, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "GEMS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 679, + 693, + "GEMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 818, + 834, + "GEMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 980, + 990, + "GEMS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The CTN-PBF has already benefited from a GEMS training delivered in September 2019 and has subsequently used the GEMS method to geo-map more than 3, 500 health facilities throughout the country and create a digital database on those facilities. Thus, the PIU can directly leverage the GEMS platform, ICT access, and existing skills for the COVID-19 response, while the World Bank \u2019 s GEMS team will offer technical support to the PIU as needs arise. 56.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GEMS method has been used to create a digital database of health facilities, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a method", + "referred to as a project/platform", + "not described as a concrete structured collection of data", + "part of a broader initiative with training and support" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' appears to function more as an overarching method or platform rather than as a specific dataset. The text emphasizes the use of the 'GEMS method' and its application to efforts like geo-mapping health facilities rather than presenting it as a dataset containing discrete records. While it is mentioned alongside activities that involve data collection (creating a digital database), the primary focus is on how this method facilitates those activities. The extracted term does not fit the typical definition of a dataset, which would imply a structured collection of records or statistics. Confusion might arise from the fact that 'GEMS' has been used to create a database, which is a structured data source; however, here it is not explicitly positioned as the dataset itself but rather as a tool or framework used within the scope of the overarching project. Therefore, the line is drawn at the emphasis that 'GEMS' is not just a data source but a component of a broader initiative that includes several elements of infrastructure, support, and methodology.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is better understood as a method or platform used in projects rather than a standalone dataset. It is not explicitly described as a database or data source, leading to the conclusion that it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "046_Cameroon-COVID-19-Preparedness-and-Response-Project", + "page": 35, + "text": "The project is likely to be carried out in areas where Indigenous Peoples are present. 89. GBV / SEA / SH Risks: The project has been given a preliminary rating of substantial risk for GBV / SEA / SH, based upon the country context and project-specific indicators. This risk rating is subject to validation following project approval, and GBV / SEA / SH risks will be further assessed and addressed during the implementation phase, which will include a review of the preliminary screening exercise and establishment of the corresponding measures to prevent and mitigate identified risks. The preliminary risk rating is presently supported by risk factors related to both country and project indicators. Despite the recognition of the importance of gender equality in the constitution and national development strategies, the situation of women and girls in Cameroon is alarming. The prevalence of physical and sexual violence committed by a husband or partner is the highest in Sub Saharan Africa ( SSA ) at 51 percent. Similarly, rates of sexual violence are higher than those in the SSA region at 29 percent. Acceptance of the use of violence by husbands / partners is also quite high in Cameroon, particularly by women. According to the Demographic Health Survey 2011, almost half of women ( 47 percent ) reported that men are justified for beating their wives, 38 percent of men share those views.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1240, + 1270, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Acceptance of the use of violence by husbands / partners is also quite high in Cameroon, particularly by women. According to the Demographic Health Survey 2011, almost half of women ( 47 percent ) reported that men are justified for beating their wives, 38 percent of men share those views.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic Health Survey 2011 is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as a source of structured data", + "historically recognized as a dataset for health and demographic statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Demographic Health Survey 2011' is clearly mentioned as a source of information where data is drawn from, specifically about the acceptance of violence by husbands or partners in Cameroon. The phrase 'according to' indicates that the analysis relies directly on findings from this survey, reinforcing its role as a dataset. The 'Demographic Health Survey' is a well-known program collecting structured health and demographic data, thus it aligns with conventional characteristics of datasets, i.e., it contains quantitative records relevant to the research topic. A model might have been confused in other contexts where such surveys could be seen as projects or programs that collect data; however, here it is explicitly cited as a source of data, making it a legitimate dataset. Therefore, in this instance, I confidently categorize it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Demographic Health Survey 2011' is utilized as a data source for analysis, indicating its role as a structured dataset representing relevant health and demographic statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Since 2014, the repeated terrorist attacks of Boko Haram in the Far North region led to over 244, 000 IDPs, and the region also took in over 308, 000 refugees from Nigeria in 2019. Cameroon \u2019 s Eastern, Northern, and Adamawa regions received a surge of refugees from the Central African Republic. Education outcomes and level of education attainment was previously higher in anglophone regions than in some other regions. However, the persistent sociopolitical crisis in the North West and South West anglophone regions resulted in approximately 950, 000 IDPs, 51 percent of whom were children, in 2019. 13 These political crises have led to the destruction of 7 Cameroon Household Survey 2007 and 2014. 8 Staff calculations using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014, National Institute of Statistics ( NIS ). 9 The narrow unemployment rate among the labor force ages 15 \u2013 64 averaged 3. 3 in 2007 and 4. 0 percent in 2014 and 5. 4 and 5. 8 percent among youth in 2007 and 2014, respectively. The broader measure of unemployment, which includes workers who are inactive but would accept a job if offered one, averaged 3 percentage points higher. 10 The HCI measures the amount of human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by age 18.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 663, + 688, + "named" + ], + [ + 6, + 10, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 64, + 80, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 181, + 189, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 217, + 232, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 689, + 693, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 698, + 702, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 778, + 782, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 784, + 816, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 839, + 856, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 867, + 891, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 934, + 938, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 989, + 993, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, the persistent sociopolitical crisis in the North West and South West anglophone regions resulted in approximately 950, 000 IDPs, 51 percent of whom were children, in 2019. 13 These political crises have led to the destruction of 7 Cameroon Household Survey 2007 and 2014. 8 Staff calculations using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014, National Institute of Statistics ( NIS ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a household survey that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Cameroon Household Survey' appears alongside specific years (2007 and 2014) which indicates that it is being referenced as a source of structured data collection relevant to household conditions in Cameroon. The phrase 'Staff calculations using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM4) 2014' explicitly positions it as data that has been utilized for analysis, reinforcing the interpretation that it functions as a dataset. While it can also be interpreted as a project or initiative under the auspices of the National Institute of Statistics, the context here strongly implies that it refers to a data collection effort that serves as a primary source for the presented analysis. Consequently, it is logical to classify it as a dataset in this case. The model might have been confused because the term is capitalized and named, resembling a systematic record-keeping tool, which could lead to misclassification as an infrastructure or method rather than the dataset it represents in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Cameroon Household Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is directly referenced in relation to data analysis, indicating it is a structured collection of information relevant to households in Cameroon." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Since 2014, the repeated terrorist attacks of Boko Haram in the Far North region led to over 244, 000 IDPs, and the region also took in over 308, 000 refugees from Nigeria in 2019. Cameroon \u2019 s Eastern, Northern, and Adamawa regions received a surge of refugees from the Central African Republic. Education outcomes and level of education attainment was previously higher in anglophone regions than in some other regions. However, the persistent sociopolitical crisis in the North West and South West anglophone regions resulted in approximately 950, 000 IDPs, 51 percent of whom were children, in 2019. 13 These political crises have led to the destruction of 7 Cameroon Household Survey 2007 and 2014. 8 Staff calculations using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014, National Institute of Statistics ( NIS ). 9 The narrow unemployment rate among the labor force ages 15 \u2013 64 averaged 3. 3 in 2007 and 4. 0 percent in 2014 and 5. 4 and 5. 8 percent among youth in 2007 and 2014, respectively. The broader measure of unemployment, which includes workers who are inactive but would accept a job if offered one, averaged 3 percentage points higher. 10 The HCI measures the amount of human capital that a child born today can expect to attain by age 18.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 735, + 767, + "named" + ], + [ + 6, + 10, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 64, + 80, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 181, + 189, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 217, + 232, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 689, + 693, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 698, + 702, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 778, + 782, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 784, + 816, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 839, + 856, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 867, + 891, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 934, + 938, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 989, + 993, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "13 These political crises have led to the destruction of 7 Cameroon Household Survey 2007 and 2014. 8 Staff calculations using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014, National Institute of Statistics ( NIS ). 9 The narrow unemployment rate among the labor force ages 15 \u2013 64 averaged 3.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Fourth Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using the Fourth Cameroon Household Survey'", + "appears alongside specific years and a statistical institute", + "described as a survey", + "suggested as a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' is referenced in relation to calculations made by staff, indicating that it serves as a basis for their analysis, which is a strong signal that it represents actual data being used. The mention of specific years (2014 and the previous surveys) further supports its identification as a dataset because it implies there are structured records collected during those surveys. Even though it resembles a project or a system due to its formal naming convention, the phrasing suggests that it's indeed being treated as a data source for specific numerical calculations. The model might have been confused if terms like 'system' or 'project' were used, but here the context makes it clear that it is being used as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' acts as a dataset in this context as it is explicitly used to perform calculations and is referenced alongside specific years and an authoritative source, indicating the structured data it contains." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "In addition, according to a study by the nongovernmental organization ( NGO ) Association pour la Promotion du D\u00e9veloppement local ( APDEL ), 61 percent of sexual violence in schools is committed by adults, 31 percent by teachers, 12 percent by administrative staff, and 13 percent by repeaters. The overrepresentation of administrative officials in the perpetrators of sexual violence is an additional element that explains why sexual violence is widely tolerated in schools, whether perpetrated by adults or students. 24 World Bank. 2019. \u201c Discussion approfondie pour sur le SWEDD 2 pour les pays en pr\u00e9paration du projet. \u201d 25 UNICEF. 2014. \u201c Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. \u201d 76 22 15 5 57 10 4 1 98 66 59 39 99 70 62 41 0 50 100 Grade 1 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 9 Percentage Boy-rural-poor Girl-rural-poor Boy-urban-rich Girl-urban-rich", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 647, + 689, + "named" + ], + [ + 142, + 182, + "Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 631, + 637, + "Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 639, + 643, + "Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 647, + 655, + "Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2014. \u201c Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. \u201d 76 22 15 5 57 10 4 1 98 66 59 39 99 70 62 41 0 50 100 Grade 1 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 9 Percentage Boy-rural-poor Girl-rural-poor Boy-urban-rich Girl-urban-rich", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "contains structured collection of data", + "used for research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Cameroon Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' strongly suggests it refers to a specific, structured survey that collects indicators about various aspects of life in Cameroon. The phrase indicates that significant data were gathered methodically by this survey, which is a key characteristic of a dataset. A model could have confused it with a system or project name only if the context suggested it acts more like a tool than a data source, but the surrounding indicators listed after the term indicate it succinctly captures metrics gathered from the survey. This reinforces its identity as a dataset. I recognize it fits squarely into the category of a formal dataset used in research, as it represents quantitative data from a structured process rather than just a system or platform that stores data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term denotes a structured survey that collects specific indicators, aligning it closely with the definition of a dataset, hence it is considered a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 37 of 159 data collection and support project specific data collection when needed. Building on regular MINESEC data collection, a specific M & E mechanism will be implemented to consolidate results at school level. 98. A set of indicators are linked to DLIs and will be subject to independent verification. The PCU will be responsible for ensuring timely independent verification of DLI-related activities. Verification protocols have been established for each DLI. The IVA will be hired by the PCU, according to the terms of reference acceptable to the World Bank, to provide verification of the results according to the protocols. The World Bank will review the documentation submitted along with the verification report and request any additional information considered necessary. 99. The SDF Secretariat will facilitate the collection, collation, and reporting on implementation progress and achievement of results in real time to support evidence-based decision-making and management. As part of results monitoring, the SDF Secretariat will commission tailor-made surveys assessing the performance of the grants, the details will be specified in the PIM. Examples of indicators to be used for measuring the impact of the SDF grants include changes in employment status, income, and productivity of the trainees.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 187, + 194, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 37 of 159 data collection and support project specific data collection when needed. Building on regular MINESEC data collection, a specific M & E mechanism will be implemented to consolidate results at school level. 98.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINESEC refers to an organization involved in data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a project", + "described as a mechanism for data collection", + "not explicitly stated as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In examining the term 'MINESEC', contextual cues indicate that this term refers to a broader program likely associated with the Ministry of Secondary Education in the specified region. While it is involved in data collection, it is not invoked here as a dataset itself. The mention suggests that 'MINESEC' acts as an organization or framework for collecting data rather than a concrete collection of structured data that could be defined as a dataset. This distinction is reinforced by the surrounding text, which refers to MINESEC data collection in the context of project support and Mechanisms for Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E). Thus, it does not meet the criteria of being a dataset since it lacks the explicit indication of being a structured collection of records or statistics by itself. A model might confuse 'MINESEC' for a dataset due to its capitalization and the presence of phrases that suggest data usage, but it is essential to recognize that it plays a functional role rather than defining a specific set of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MINESEC' is not a dataset but refers to a project or system related to data collection, lacking the clarity needed to categorize it as a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 103, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 99 of 159 Data source / Agency MINEPAT ( Strategy ), MINEFOP ( NQCF ) Verification Entity Independent Verification Agency ( IVA ) Procedure PCU compiles the necessary evidence, the IVA verifies the evidence, PCU sends the evidence and results of the verification to the Bank, the Bank reviews, requests clarification if needed and approves. Year 5 DLR: The mid-term evaluation of the NSDS will be coordinated by MINEFOP, it will be validated by relevant stakeholders and signed by MINEPAT. PBC 7 Strengthened information system and skills development sector monitoring Description The Skills Platform is an integrated digital platform on training opportunities in the form of a website, with a related application. These will contain information about the availability of training centers and types of programs offered by different regions, and contact information of these centers. They will also contain aggregated results of labor market outcomes of different programs from the tracer studies. The concept note for the Skills Platform will present information flows, roles and responsibilities for data collection, processing and publishing, the definition of indicators to be collected and published. The concept note will also explain how the Skills Platform is linked to the Education Management Information System.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 668, + 683, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Skills Platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 761, + 768, + "Skills Platform <> data type" + ], + [ + 989, + 1054, + "Skills Platform <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Year 5 DLR: The mid-term evaluation of the NSDS will be coordinated by MINEFOP, it will be validated by relevant stakeholders and signed by MINEPAT. PBC 7 Strengthened information system and skills development sector monitoring Description The Skills Platform is an integrated digital platform on training opportunities in the form of a website, with a related application. These will contain information about the availability of training centers and types of programs offered by different regions, and contact information of these centers.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Skills Platform is described as an integrated digital platform that contains structured information about training opportunities, making it a dataset for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated digital platform", + "mentioned as a project/system and not solely as a data source", + "contains information but not explicitly stated to be structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Skills Platform' is presented in context as an integrated digital platform focusing on training opportunities. While it contains information, it's framed more as a tool or resource system that provides access to information rather than a structured dataset ready for analysis. The description emphasizes its role as a platform (with a website and application) rather than detailing the structured data it might contain or suggesting it was used as a data source in research evaluations. This can lead to confusion as it is presented in a way that almost implies it functions like a dataset, especially with terms like 'contains information.' However, because it is not explicitly defined as a data source and is referenced in a larger context about systems and projects, it does not meet the criteria to be labeled a dataset in this specific instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Skills Platform' is considered a tool or system that stores training-related information rather than a concrete dataset, as it is framed as an integrated platform without explicit mention of structured data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 103, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 99 of 159 Data source / Agency MINEPAT ( Strategy ), MINEFOP ( NQCF ) Verification Entity Independent Verification Agency ( IVA ) Procedure PCU compiles the necessary evidence, the IVA verifies the evidence, PCU sends the evidence and results of the verification to the Bank, the Bank reviews, requests clarification if needed and approves. Year 5 DLR: The mid-term evaluation of the NSDS will be coordinated by MINEFOP, it will be validated by relevant stakeholders and signed by MINEPAT. PBC 7 Strengthened information system and skills development sector monitoring Description The Skills Platform is an integrated digital platform on training opportunities in the form of a website, with a related application. These will contain information about the availability of training centers and types of programs offered by different regions, and contact information of these centers. They will also contain aggregated results of labor market outcomes of different programs from the tracer studies. The concept note for the Skills Platform will present information flows, roles and responsibilities for data collection, processing and publishing, the definition of indicators to be collected and published. The concept note will also explain how the Skills Platform is linked to the Education Management Information System.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1331, + 1346, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Skills Platform <> publisher" + ], + [ + 761, + 768, + "Skills Platform <> data type" + ], + [ + 989, + 1054, + "Skills Platform <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The concept note for the Skills Platform will present information flows, roles and responsibilities for data collection, processing and publishing, the definition of indicators to be collected and published. The concept note will also explain how the Skills Platform is linked to the Education Management Information System.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The Skills Platform is described as an integrated digital platform that contains structured information about training opportunities, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside definitions of roles and responsibilities for data collection", + "linked to the Education Management Information System", + "described as a concept note rather than a direct data source", + "focus on data flows and processes rather than structured data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Skills Platform' appears more as a framework or infrastructure aimed at managing data rather than as a dataset itself. The mention of information flows, roles, and responsibilities indicates that it plays a functional role in the data processing ecosystem rather than serving as a collection of data records. While it is indeed a digital platform that may house data, the text emphasizes its conceptual and organizational aspects rather than treating it as a stand-alone dataset. The model may have inferred it was a dataset due to the structured nature of the information related to it and its potential relevance to data management, which can lead to confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Skills Platform' is framed as a conceptual tool connected to data management processes and does not qualify as a true dataset within this context." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 103, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 99 of 159 Data source / Agency MINEPAT ( Strategy ), MINEFOP ( NQCF ) Verification Entity Independent Verification Agency ( IVA ) Procedure PCU compiles the necessary evidence, the IVA verifies the evidence, PCU sends the evidence and results of the verification to the Bank, the Bank reviews, requests clarification if needed and approves. Year 5 DLR: The mid-term evaluation of the NSDS will be coordinated by MINEFOP, it will be validated by relevant stakeholders and signed by MINEPAT. PBC 7 Strengthened information system and skills development sector monitoring Description The Skills Platform is an integrated digital platform on training opportunities in the form of a website, with a related application. These will contain information about the availability of training centers and types of programs offered by different regions, and contact information of these centers. They will also contain aggregated results of labor market outcomes of different programs from the tracer studies. The concept note for the Skills Platform will present information flows, roles and responsibilities for data collection, processing and publishing, the definition of indicators to be collected and published. The concept note will also explain how the Skills Platform is linked to the Education Management Information System.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1364, + 1403, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The concept note for the Skills Platform will present information flows, roles and responsibilities for data collection, processing and publishing, the definition of indicators to be collected and published. The concept note will also explain how the Skills Platform is linked to the Education Management Information System.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and managing education-related information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as linked to another system", + "identified explicitly as an information system", + "described in a way that emphasizes data collection and processing roles" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' is clearly identified as a system rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase is embedded in a larger discussion about data flows and roles, which focuses on how information is collected, processed, and published rather than simply presenting a dataset resulting from that system. While it may be used for managing education-related data, it functions as a comprehensive framework or infrastructure that stores and manages data, rather than being a defined dataset in itself. This could lead to confusion in automated extraction models because the term suggests it stores records and is part of the data collection process, but it is primarily functioning as a tool/system. Features like capitalization and positioning in the text alongside references to data do contribute to mislabeling it as a dataset, but the overall context indicates it's a management system with a broader operational scope.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' should not be considered a dataset here, as it is framed as a system designed for managing and processing data rather than being a defined collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 144, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 140 of 159 68. Improved availability of information on training programs through development of integrated digital platform on training opportunities. The project will support the development of an integrated digital information system on training opportunities and the introduction and operationalization of post-training tracking mechanisms of graduates. A digital system will provide updated information on training opportunities to all stakeholders, including students and employers. The system will capitalize on existing but limited information, for example, in databases of ONEFOP, the NEF, COSUP, and the NIS, as it will also strengthen / upgrade some of the existing tools, expand data collection, and increase transparency. 69. Design and implementation of tracer studies. Currently, neither MINEFOP nor MINESEC track their graduates in a systematic way and do not collect information about their labor market outcomes. Under the project, three tracer surveys ( baseline, mid-term, and final ) are planned to monitor labor market outcomes of TVET graduates from different streams of both public and private institutions. These surveys will be supervised by ONEFOP and conducted by a survey company. The surveys will provide baseline data and yearly information on the external effectiveness of the training system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 681, + 686, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A digital system will provide updated information on training opportunities to all stakeholders, including students and employers. The system will capitalize on existing but limited information, for example, in databases of ONEFOP, the NEF, COSUP, and the NIS, as it will also strengthen / upgrade some of the existing tools, expand data collection, and increase transparency. 69.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "COSUP refers to a program related to training opportunities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a list of systems or projects", + "not described as a data source or repository", + "context indicates focus on tools and programs, rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'COSUP' appears alongside other entities such as ONEFOP and the NIS which have the characteristics of projects or systems rather than structured datasets. The phrase surrounding it focuses on updating information, strengthening existing tools, and data collection, which implies that COSUP plays a role in a larger system rather than serving as a standalone dataset. A potential confusion factor for models can be the capitalization of 'COSUP', which gives it the appearance of a proper noun or dataset. However, since there is no explicit indication that COSUP is a structured collection of data, but rather a project related to training opportunities, it is better classified as a project name rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'COSUP' is not treated as a dataset here because the context indicates it is part of a list of programs or systems rather than a specific source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 144, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 140 of 159 68. Improved availability of information on training programs through development of integrated digital platform on training opportunities. The project will support the development of an integrated digital information system on training opportunities and the introduction and operationalization of post-training tracking mechanisms of graduates. A digital system will provide updated information on training opportunities to all stakeholders, including students and employers. The system will capitalize on existing but limited information, for example, in databases of ONEFOP, the NEF, COSUP, and the NIS, as it will also strengthen / upgrade some of the existing tools, expand data collection, and increase transparency. 69. Design and implementation of tracer studies. Currently, neither MINEFOP nor MINESEC track their graduates in a systematic way and do not collect information about their labor market outcomes. Under the project, three tracer surveys ( baseline, mid-term, and final ) are planned to monitor labor market outcomes of TVET graduates from different streams of both public and private institutions. These surveys will be supervised by ONEFOP and conducted by a survey company. The surveys will provide baseline data and yearly information on the external effectiveness of the training system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 696, + 699, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A digital system will provide updated information on training opportunities to all stakeholders, including students and employers. The system will capitalize on existing but limited information, for example, in databases of ONEFOP, the NEF, COSUP, and the NIS, as it will also strengthen / upgrade some of the existing tools, expand data collection, and increase transparency. 69.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NIS refers to an organization and not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known databases", + "mentioned as part of a digital system providing information", + "follows 'existing but limited information, for example'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NIS' appears alongside other known sources of information but does not specifically indicate a clear definition as a dataset. The phrase indicates that it is part of a structural framework for providing updated information rather than a stand-alone collection of data. The presence of 'NIS' in a list does create confusion, especially since it is often common to list systems or projects in conjunction with datasets. A model could easily interpret it as a dataset if it sees it as part of a list where data sources are presented collectively. However, there are no explicit indicators that 'NIS' is treated as a dataset; it is more closely associated with an information system or an organizational entity that contributes to the overall data information framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NIS' is not treated as an actual dataset in this context; instead, it is part of a digital infrastructure aimed at supporting data flows and transparency, which distinguishes it from a structured dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 144, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 140 of 159 68. Improved availability of information on training programs through development of integrated digital platform on training opportunities. The project will support the development of an integrated digital information system on training opportunities and the introduction and operationalization of post-training tracking mechanisms of graduates. A digital system will provide updated information on training opportunities to all stakeholders, including students and employers. The system will capitalize on existing but limited information, for example, in databases of ONEFOP, the NEF, COSUP, and the NIS, as it will also strengthen / upgrade some of the existing tools, expand data collection, and increase transparency. 69. Design and implementation of tracer studies. Currently, neither MINEFOP nor MINESEC track their graduates in a systematic way and do not collect information about their labor market outcomes. Under the project, three tracer surveys ( baseline, mid-term, and final ) are planned to monitor labor market outcomes of TVET graduates from different streams of both public and private institutions. These surveys will be supervised by ONEFOP and conducted by a survey company. The surveys will provide baseline data and yearly information on the external effectiveness of the training system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 897, + 904, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Design and implementation of tracer studies. Currently, neither MINEFOP nor MINESEC track their graduates in a systematic way and do not collect information about their labor market outcomes. Under the project, three tracer surveys ( baseline, mid-term, and final ) are planned to monitor labor market outcomes of TVET graduates from different streams of both public and private institutions.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINESEC refers to an organization (Ministry of Secondary Education) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an organization (Ministry of Secondary Education)", + "mentioned only as part of a project, not as a data source", + "no indication of structured data collection from MINESEC" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MINESEC' refers to the Ministry of Secondary Education, implying it is a governmental organization rather than a dataset. The phrase highlights the absence of systematic tracking of graduates by both MINESEC and another organization, suggesting that MINESEC does not serve as a source of structured data but rather mentions the organization's role in education. The term is not applied in a way to indicate it is a database or system collecting results; rather, it indicates a lack of data collection methods. The potential confusion arises because the name 'MINESEC' appears in a context discussing data collection, which could lead models to assume it holds data. However, without explicit mention of MINESEC providing or containing datasets, it should not be categorized as such.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINESEC is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an organization rather than a data source. There is no indication of it holding structured records, and it is mentioned only in relation to a broader project discussing data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 155, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 151 of 159 Figure 5. 1. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage and Agriculture, 2007 Sources: Third Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM3 ), 2007 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages. The nonwage category includes those working in the nonfarm sector ( small enterprises and informal sector ). The agriculture category includes those employed in the private agriculture sector receiving wages plus those working in the farm sector ( small and family farms ). Figure 5. 2. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage, and Agriculture, 2014 Source: Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages. The nonwage category includes those working in the nonfarm sector ( small enterprises, informal sector ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 173, + 204, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Third Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 159, + 163, + "Third Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 233, + 243, + "Third Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 834, + 844, + "Third Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage and Agriculture, 2007 Sources: Third Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM3 ), 2007 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Third Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household characteristics and economic conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Sources:' indicating it is a data source", + "described as a survey that collects data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'Third Cameroon Household Survey' in this context is presented alongside specific sources of data, indicated by its placement after 'Sources:'. The mention of a survey suggests that this contains structured data related to households, making it appropriate to classify it as a dataset. There are no indications in the text to suggest it functions merely as a project name or a tool, rather, it aligns with other structured data sources used for analysis. The capitalization and full title format enhances its appearance of being an authoritative source of data, which could lead an extraction model to correctly identify it as a dataset. Given that its function in this context is clearly to inform research, it is not ambiguous or confused with a management information system or platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Third Cameroon Household Survey' is confirmed as a dataset due to its enumeration as a source for specific data analysis, indicating it is a structured collection used for economic and household research." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 155, + "text": "The World Bank Secondary Education and Skills Development Project ( P170561 ) Page 151 of 159 Figure 5. 1. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage and Agriculture, 2007 Sources: Third Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM3 ), 2007 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages. The nonwage category includes those working in the nonfarm sector ( small enterprises and informal sector ). The agriculture category includes those employed in the private agriculture sector receiving wages plus those working in the farm sector ( small and family farms ). Figure 5. 2. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage, and Agriculture, 2014 Source: Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages. The nonwage category includes those working in the nonfarm sector ( small enterprises, informal sector ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 774, + 806, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 233, + 243, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 761, + 765, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 817, + 821, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 834, + 844, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Education Levels and Wage, Nonwage, and Agriculture, 2014 Source: Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( ECAM4 ) 2014 of the NIS; World Bank staff estimates. Note: The wage category includes those employed in the public sector receiving wages plus those working in the private, nonagricultural sector receiving wages.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Fourth Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding education levels and employment categories.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "listed with clear data sources", + "follows 'Source:' indicating data origin", + "described as a survey for structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' behaves as a dataset clearly because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data with the phrase 'Source: Fourth Cameroon Household Survey'. This indicates that it is the primary data source from which analyses regarding education levels and wages are derived. The inclusion of 'Survey' in the name suggests that it is indeed a structured collection of data, rather than merely a project or an information system that might store data. Additionally, there are no contextual indicators suggesting that it functions as a management information system or tool that does not directly yield data for analysis. The model may have been confused in the past by the term appearing as a project name or MIS; however, in this particular context, the phrase makes it unequivocally a dataset because it supports a specifically cited set of statistics related to education and wages.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is specified as the source of the data being analyzed, indicating it is a structured collection of data rather than just an organization or project name." + }, + { + "filename": "050_Cameroon-Secondary-Education-and-Skills-Development-Project", + "page": 157, + "text": "Access to Levels of Education by Standard of Living, Area of Residence, and Gender Source: Education Sector Diagnostic ( 2019 ). \u2022 Improving equitable access to TVET service delivery. The public sector is a critical vehicle for the equitable delivery of education in Cameroon as in many Sub-Saharan African countries. However, generally TVET institutions remain weak ( see figures 5. 6 and 5. 7 ) and have poor management. 94 Furthermore, there is inequity in training provision by region. For example, the majority of private training institutions are located in Doula and Yaound\u00e9. Inadequate training and the provision of low - quality education have an obvious negative impact on society, specifically in terms of high youth unemployment and low labor productivity. The GDP annual growth rate in Cameroon averaged 4. 64 percent from 2003 to 2016, which is relatively low compared to other Sub-Saharan African countries. For example, Ghana has a more robust skills training system and had an average GDP annual growth rate of 6. 84 percent from 2000 to 2017. 95 Several interventions supported under the project aim to 94 Zouliatou, M. 2017. \u201c TVET and Economic Development in Cameroon: Lessons from China. \u201d Journal of Education and Practice 8 ( 33 ): 178 \u2013 189. 95 World Bank. 2017. Africa at a Glance. Retrieved from http: / / www. worldbank. org / en / region / afr.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 91, + 118, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Access to Levels of Education by Standard of Living, Area of Residence, and Gender Source: Education Sector Diagnostic ( 2019 ). \u2022 Improving equitable access to TVET service delivery.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The term 'Education Sector Diagnostic' refers to a report or assessment rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source", + "implies a report rather than a data collection", + "not described as containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Education Sector Diagnostic' appears to function as a title or reference for a report or assessment rather than a structured dataset. The phrase 'Access to Levels of Education by Standard of Living, Area of Residence, and Gender' suggests that the analysis references findings or conclusions from this diagnostic, which likely compiles information rather than providing raw data or records. The phrase 'Source: Education Sector Diagnostic (2019)' indicates that this is not presenting data itself, but instead indicates the origin of the information being cited. Furthermore, it lacks attributes usually associated with datasets, such as being a structured collection of numeric records or statistics. A model might have been confused by the capitalization and formal naming convention suggesting it could be a database or dataset, but the context reveals it's just a documentation title.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Sector Diagnostic' is not a dataset but rather a report that summarizes findings related to education access, hence it is not a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 10, + "text": "While refugees initially lived in special villages, since the 1990s, they have been relatively free to move out to urban areas and access social services. They are mainly employed in the informal sector and recently have been allowed to open bank accounts. 7. Refugees in Pakistan access education and health services in the same way as other residents including those related to the COVID \u2010 19 response. Access to public services among refugees has been similar to that of residents since the shift from refugee camps to host communities. Since the outbreak of COVID \u2010 19, refugee children, similar to Pakistani children, have been deprived of education due to school closures and access to health services has become constrained. Estimates from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ) indicate that approximately 35 percent of refugee households in Pakistan will be severely impacted by the pandemic as they are daily wagers who would have lost all pre \u2010 COVID \u2010 19 sources of income, and have no assets to draw upon and / or other forms of social support. Such households ( 85, 000 ) are expected to be supported with a monthly stipend for a period of 4 months, 5 Asian Development Bank. 2005. Balochistan Economic Report. 6 World Bank Group. 2017. Pakistan \u2010 Sindh: Public Expenditure Review. 7 World Bank. 2019. Data4Pakistan \u2010 District Development Portal ( accessed on August 28, 2019 ). https: / / geosdndev. worldbank. org / Data4Pakistan /.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1337, + 1350, + "named" + ], + [ + 272, + 280, + "Data4Pakistan <> data geography" + ], + [ + 603, + 621, + "Data4Pakistan <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1248, + 1258, + "Data4Pakistan <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1266, + 1270, + "Data4Pakistan <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1272, + 1280, + "Data4Pakistan <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1319, + 1329, + "Data4Pakistan <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1331, + 1335, + "Data4Pakistan <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2019. Data4Pakistan \u2010 District Development Portal ( accessed on August 28, 2019 ). https: / / geosdndev.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "Data4Pakistan is a structured collection of data related to district development in Pakistan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a portal", + "likely a system for accessing data", + "absence of explicit reference as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Data4Pakistan' appears primarily as a 'District Development Portal', suggesting it serves as a system or platform designed for data access rather than being a direct collection of datasets. The name is capitalized, which could lead the extraction model to assume it is a dataset, especially as it is presented in a context that implies structured information. However, without explicit phrases like 'uses data from' or 'contains records', it's clearer that this term signifies a system or platform that may host datasets but isn't describing a dataset itself. The model might have misunderstood this distinction due to the formal naming and the presence of structured terms but lacking the explicit classification as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Data4Pakistan is more accurately interpreted as a project or platform rather than a dataset because it is referred to as a portal, lacking clear context indicating it is the source of structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 7 of 47 delivered by UNHCR through the Pakistan Post. This program tries to mirror the support to citizens under the Ehsaas umbrella in order to minimize unequal distribution of support. 8. Balochistan hosts around 325, 000 registered Afghan refugees. About 47 percent of them are females, and more than half of them ( 53 percent ) are less than 18 years of age. Districts with the highest presence of registered refugees include Quetta, Pishin, Chagai, Loralai, Killa Saifullah, and Killa Abdullah ( table 1 ). More than half of the refugees in Balochistan live in urban Quetta ( 56 percent ), whereas the remaining live in rural settlements ( 29 percent ) and refugee villages ( 15 percent ). Table 1. Number and Percentage of Afghan Refugees by District in Balochistan District Population Number of Registered Afghan Refugees Percentage of Registered Afghan Refugees Quetta 2, 275, 699 187, 031 8. 2 Pishin 736, 481 54, 691 7. 4 Chagai 226, 008 28, 901 12. 8 Loralai 397, 400 18, 894 4. 8 Killa Saifullah 342, 814 18, 842 5. 5 Killa Abdullah 757, 578 10, 775 1. 4 Source: Population data from Census 2017; Registered refugee data from UNHCR as", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1173, + 1179, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 267, + 278, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 507, + 513, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 515, + 521, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 523, + 529, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 538, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 540, + 555, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 561, + 575, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 649, + 655, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 947, + 953, + "Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1152, + 1167, + "Census <> data type" + ], + [ + 1173, + 1184, + "Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1186, + 1209, + "Census <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 Killa Abdullah 757, 578 10, 775 1. 4 Source: Population data from Census 2017; Registered refugee data from UNHCR as", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term 'Census' refers to a structured collection of population data used for analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source: Population data from'", + "described as a data source for population data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Census' clearly refers to the collection of population data obtained from the Census 2017. The phrase 'Source: Population data from Census 2017' indicates that this is a structured dataset used for demographic analysis. While 'Census' can also refer to an overarching project or system that conducts the census, the explicit mention of 'Census 2017' align it more directly with a data source in this instance. Therefore, the confusion might arise from the dual nature of the term, as it can represent both an entity that conducts data collection (project/system) and the resultant dataset itself. However, here it is utilized in a context that clearly signifies it as the dataset providing specific demographic information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Census' is treated as a dataset because it refers specifically to the structured population data collected during the 2017 Census, and it is cited directly as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "Comparison of Key Health and Education Indicators in the Province of Balochistan and Pakistan Health Indicatorsa Balochistan Pakistan Infant mortality rate ( per 1, 000 live births ) 66. 0 62. 0 Stunting rate ( % of children under 5 ) 47. 4 37. 6 Skilled birth delivery ( % of pregnant women ) 38. 2 69. 3 Immunization, measles ( % of children ages 12 \u2013 23 months ) 33. 3 73. 0 Gender Gap: Enrollment and transition ratesb Girls Boys Girls Boys Net enrollment at the primary level ( % ) 35 56 71 83 Net enrollment at the secondary level ( % ) 13 20 35 43 Effective transition rate from primary to middle ( % ) 69 71 84 84 Effective transition rate from middle to high schools ( % ) 78 83 88 94 Gender Gap: Students ages 5 \u2013 16 yearsc Girls Boys Girls Boys Could read a grade 2 level story in Urdu ( % ) 20 31 43 47 Could read grade 2 level sentences in English ( % ) 15 26 36 44 Could do subtraction ( % ) 26 34 39 43 Source: a. PDHS 2017 \u2013 18; b. Pakistan Education Statistics 2016 \u2013 17; c. Annual State of Education Report ( ASER ) \u2010 National 2018. 13.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 929, + 933, + "named" + ], + [ + 69, + 80, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 85, + 93, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 934, + 943, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "0 Gender Gap: Enrollment and transition ratesb Girls Boys Girls Boys Net enrollment at the primary level ( % ) 35 56 71 83 Net enrollment at the secondary level ( % ) 13 20 35 43 Effective transition rate from primary to middle ( % ) 69 71 84 84 Effective transition rate from middle to high schools ( % ) 78 83 88 94 Gender Gap: Students ages 5 \u2013 16 yearsc Girls Boys Girls Boys Could read a grade 2 level story in Urdu ( % ) 20 31 43 47 Could read grade 2 level sentences in English ( % ) 15 26 36 44 Could do subtraction ( % ) 26 34 39 43 Source: a. PDHS 2017 \u2013 18; b. Pakistan Education Statistics 2016 \u2013 17; c.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of health data collected through a survey, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source:' indicating a data reference", + "enumerated alongside other sources of educational statistics", + "described in the context of a specific year (2017-18) indicating a specific data collection event" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS' is referenced as a source of data following the phrase 'Source:', which signals that it is being acknowledged as a contributory entity to the reporting of the results. The presence of the 2017-18 specification indicates it pertains to a distinctive data collection, further supporting the interpretation of PDHS as a dataset derived from health statistics. While 'PDHS' could initially imply it is a project or program given it may not explicitly state that it is a dataset, its mention alongside definitive statistics provides clarity that it functions as a repository of structured data pertinent to the analysis. The model might have labeled it as a dataset because of these contextual cues surrounding it that reinforce its role as a data source rather than simply a project name or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS' is considered a dataset since it is cited as a source for specific health-related statistics, indicating it is a structured collection of data relevant to the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "Comparison of Key Health and Education Indicators in the Province of Balochistan and Pakistan Health Indicatorsa Balochistan Pakistan Infant mortality rate ( per 1, 000 live births ) 66. 0 62. 0 Stunting rate ( % of children under 5 ) 47. 4 37. 6 Skilled birth delivery ( % of pregnant women ) 38. 2 69. 3 Immunization, measles ( % of children ages 12 \u2013 23 months ) 33. 3 73. 0 Gender Gap: Enrollment and transition ratesb Girls Boys Girls Boys Net enrollment at the primary level ( % ) 35 56 71 83 Net enrollment at the secondary level ( % ) 13 20 35 43 Effective transition rate from primary to middle ( % ) 69 71 84 84 Effective transition rate from middle to high schools ( % ) 78 83 88 94 Gender Gap: Students ages 5 \u2013 16 yearsc Girls Boys Girls Boys Could read a grade 2 level story in Urdu ( % ) 20 31 43 47 Could read grade 2 level sentences in English ( % ) 15 26 36 44 Could do subtraction ( % ) 26 34 39 43 Source: a. PDHS 2017 \u2013 18; b. Pakistan Education Statistics 2016 \u2013 17; c. Annual State of Education Report ( ASER ) \u2010 National 2018. 13.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 948, + 977, + "named" + ], + [ + 85, + 93, + "Pakistan Education Statistics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 113, + 133, + "Pakistan Education Statistics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 978, + 987, + "Pakistan Education Statistics <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PDHS 2017 \u2013 18; b. Pakistan Education Statistics 2016 \u2013 17; c. Annual State of Education Report ( ASER ) \u2010 National 2018.", + "type": "statistics", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of educational data used for analysis and comparison of indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other known datasets", + "follows a structured format consistent with dataset naming", + "specific years indicated suggest a compiled resource" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Pakistan Education Statistics' appears in a list with other clearly identified educational reports, such as PDHS 2017-18 and ASER National 2018. The structure suggests that 'Pakistan Education Statistics' is a formalized collection of data pertaining to education metrics in Pakistan for a specific year, similar to the other reports. The mention of the year ('2016-17') implies that it is referring to a specific compilation of statistics, rather than an ongoing project or a management information system which typically wouldn't have a year marker like this, signifying a certain timeframe for data collection. Such statistics are often used in analyses and comparisons, reinforcing its status as a structured dataset rather than merely a project or an information system. However, the model might have initially confused it with a project or system since it has 'Statistics' in the title, which can sometimes imply data infrastructure, though the specific context here indicates it is likely a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Pakistan Education Statistics' is treated as a dataset given it is presented alongside other datasets with specified years, indicating it contains structured educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "These cross \u2010 cutting challenges along with sector specific supply \u2010 side and demand \u2010 side constraints have resulted in poor health indicators and large disparities by socioeconomic status. Balochistan performs worse than the national average across reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health, and nutrition ( RMNCHN ) indicators. 10 Under \u2010 five mortality rate is 78 per 1, 000 live births in Balochistan, compared to 74 per 1, 000 live births at the national level. The total fertility rate ( TFR ) is 4. 0 in Balochistan and 3. 6 nationally, and almost half of the children under five are stunted in the province, compared to about one in three at the national level. Differences in service utilization between the 8 Javed, S. A., M. D. Anjum, W. Imran, et al. 2013. \u201c Correlates of Preferences for Home or Hospital Confinement in Pakistan: Evidence from a National Survey. \u201d BMC \u2010 Pregnancy and Childbirth 13: 137. ul Husnain, M. I., M. Rashid, and U. Shakoor. 2018. \u201c Decision \u2010 making for Birth Location among Women in Pakistan: Evidence from National Survey. \u201d BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 18: 226. https: / / doi. org / 10. 1186 / s12884 \u2010 018 \u2010 1844 \u2010 8. 9 Alif Ailaan 2018. 2013 \u2010 2018 Five Years of Education Reforms in Balochistan. Wins, Losses and Challenges for 2018 \u2010 2023. Islamabad: Alif Ailaan. vi \u2010 33 pp. 10 NIPS and ICF ( 2019 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 864, + 879, + "named" + ], + [ + 191, + 202, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 398, + 409, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 768, + 772, + "National Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 838, + 846, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 942, + 951, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 957, + 967, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 969, + 973, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1170, + 1181, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1182, + 1186, + "National Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1195, + 1199, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1235, + 1246, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1351, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2013. \u201c Correlates of Preferences for Home or Hospital Confinement in Pakistan: Evidence from a National Survey. \u201d BMC \u2010 Pregnancy and Childbirth 13: 137.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'National Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered for research or analysis purposes, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "title suggests structured data collection", + "appears in the context of research findings", + "likely refers to a specific survey dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National Survey' appears as part of the title of a research article, which indicates that it is used as the basis for findings or insights presented in the paper. The term aligns closely with established conventions in research publications where 'survey' usually implies a concrete set of collected data. Although it could potentially be a name for a project or system, here it is treated explicitly as a source of evidence, aligning more closely with the definition of a dataset. The model might have initially hesitated because 'National Survey' could imply an overarching project or framework rather than just a dataset, given its somewhat vague labeling and capitalization indicating a proper noun. However, due to its direct association with the research and expected use in the analysis, I conclude that it is appropriately treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'National Survey' in this context is treated as a dataset, as it is derived from a research study and serves as the foundation for analytical findings." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "These cross \u2010 cutting challenges along with sector specific supply \u2010 side and demand \u2010 side constraints have resulted in poor health indicators and large disparities by socioeconomic status. Balochistan performs worse than the national average across reproductive, maternal, newborn, child health, and nutrition ( RMNCHN ) indicators. 10 Under \u2010 five mortality rate is 78 per 1, 000 live births in Balochistan, compared to 74 per 1, 000 live births at the national level. The total fertility rate ( TFR ) is 4. 0 in Balochistan and 3. 6 nationally, and almost half of the children under five are stunted in the province, compared to about one in three at the national level. Differences in service utilization between the 8 Javed, S. A., M. D. Anjum, W. Imran, et al. 2013. \u201c Correlates of Preferences for Home or Hospital Confinement in Pakistan: Evidence from a National Survey. \u201d BMC \u2010 Pregnancy and Childbirth 13: 137. ul Husnain, M. I., M. Rashid, and U. Shakoor. 2018. \u201c Decision \u2010 making for Birth Location among Women in Pakistan: Evidence from National Survey. \u201d BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 18: 226. https: / / doi. org / 10. 1186 / s12884 \u2010 018 \u2010 1844 \u2010 8. 9 Alif Ailaan 2018. 2013 \u2010 2018 Five Years of Education Reforms in Balochistan. Wins, Losses and Challenges for 2018 \u2010 2023. Islamabad: Alif Ailaan. vi \u2010 33 pp. 10 NIPS and ICF ( 2019 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1053, + 1068, + "named" + ], + [ + 191, + 202, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 398, + 409, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 476, + 496, + "National Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 768, + 772, + "National Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 838, + 846, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 942, + 951, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 957, + 967, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 969, + 973, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1170, + 1181, + "National Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1195, + 1199, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1235, + 1246, + "National Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1351, + "National Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2018. \u201c Decision \u2010 making for Birth Location among Women in Pakistan: Evidence from National Survey. \u201d BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 18: 226.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'National Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered for research or analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a source of evidence", + "the term likely refers to an organized collection of data", + "implicitly represents structured records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National Survey' is presented as part of a title and is associated with the research evidence being discussed in the sentence. The capitalization of the term gives it the appearance of a proper title, which often denotes a specific project or system. However, it is not explicitly labeled as a management information system or a tool. Instead, the usage implies that the National Survey is providing structured data, usually synonymous with a dataset in research. The phrase 'Evidence from National Survey' indicates that the survey itself is likely the source of data used for analysis in the study. The model may have been confused due to the unclear distinction between a project or system name and a dataset. In many contexts, surveys collect structured data, and since it references the analysis of birth location decision-making, it reinforces the notion that this is indeed a dataset derived from collected responses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'National Survey' is regarded as a dataset in this context since it is implied to be a source of structured data utilized for the analysis described in the title, aligning it with the characteristics of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "In 2012, only 22 percent of rural health centers ( RHCs ) had most ( more than 75 percent ) of the key RMNCHN drugs, 5 percent had most of the family planning commodities, none had sufficient basic laboratory tests, and 39 percent had a functional ambulance. 18 Funding gaps for essential medicines and maintenance and repairs, inadequate capacity to quantify needs, and suboptimal supply chains are key factors leading to high stockouts of medicines and lack of functional equipment at public HFs. The limited open hours of PHC HFs represent 11 NIPS and ICF International. 2013. PDHS 2012 \u2010 13. UNHCR. 2011. Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey of Afghans in Pakistan. 12 Wilhelm J. A. and S. Helleringer. 2019. \" Utilization of Non \u2010 Ebola Health Care Services during Ebola Outbreaks: a Systematic Review and Meta \u2010 Analysis. \" Journal of Global Health. 9 ( 1 ). https: / / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov / pmc / articles / PMC6344071 /; Chang H. J., N. Huang, C. H.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 546, + 550, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "18 Funding gaps for essential medicines and maintenance and repairs, inadequate capacity to quantify needs, and suboptimal supply chains are key factors leading to high stockouts of medicines and lack of functional equipment at public HFs. The limited open hours of PHC HFs represent 11 NIPS and ICF International. 2013.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "NIPS refers to an initiative or program related to health services, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an initiative and not as a data source", + "not enumerated with known datasets", + "does not follow phrases indicating data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'NIPS' appears to refer to an initiative rather than a concrete dataset. The mention of funding gaps and health facilities suggests that 'NIPS' could be a program relevant to health service delivery, which is not structured data itself. The phrase '11 NIPS' indicates a level of enumeration or identification rather than direct reference to a data collection. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or similar patterns further indicates that it is not being positioned as a data source. A model might confuse 'NIPS' as a dataset due to its proper noun status, as it could appear as if it belongs in a list of data sources, especially if it seems akin to project names or systems; however, the surrounding context clarifies its role as an initiative.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NIPS' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to an initiative rather than a structured collection of data, lacking the contextual signals that would classify it as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "In 2012, only 22 percent of rural health centers ( RHCs ) had most ( more than 75 percent ) of the key RMNCHN drugs, 5 percent had most of the family planning commodities, none had sufficient basic laboratory tests, and 39 percent had a functional ambulance. 18 Funding gaps for essential medicines and maintenance and repairs, inadequate capacity to quantify needs, and suboptimal supply chains are key factors leading to high stockouts of medicines and lack of functional equipment at public HFs. The limited open hours of PHC HFs represent 11 NIPS and ICF International. 2013. PDHS 2012 \u2010 13. UNHCR. 2011. Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey of Afghans in Pakistan. 12 Wilhelm J. A. and S. Helleringer. 2019. \" Utilization of Non \u2010 Ebola Health Care Services during Ebola Outbreaks: a Systematic Review and Meta \u2010 Analysis. \" Journal of Global Health. 9 ( 1 ). https: / / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov / pmc / articles / PMC6344071 /; Chang H. J., N. Huang, C. H.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 580, + 584, + "named" + ], + [ + 3, + 7, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 555, + 572, + "PDHS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 574, + 578, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 585, + 594, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 678, + 686, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 691, + 723, + "PDHS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2013. PDHS 2012 \u2010 13. UNHCR.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "explicit mention of PDHS with a date range indicating data collection", + "appears in a context where it is likely referencing a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'PDHS' likely stands for 'Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey', which is a recognized survey that gathers structured demographic and health-related data. The reference to '2012 - 13' suggests it is referring to a specific collection of data gathered during that time, indicative of a concrete dataset. The model may have initially misinterpreted the term due to the simplicity of the acronym and its potential dual use as a designation for both a project focusing on such data, or a management information system. However, the date context signals a specific period of data collection, which strengthens the case for PDHS as an actual dataset here rather than just a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS' is considered a dataset because it references a specific survey with structured data collection for a defined time period." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "In 2012, only 22 percent of rural health centers ( RHCs ) had most ( more than 75 percent ) of the key RMNCHN drugs, 5 percent had most of the family planning commodities, none had sufficient basic laboratory tests, and 39 percent had a functional ambulance. 18 Funding gaps for essential medicines and maintenance and repairs, inadequate capacity to quantify needs, and suboptimal supply chains are key factors leading to high stockouts of medicines and lack of functional equipment at public HFs. The limited open hours of PHC HFs represent 11 NIPS and ICF International. 2013. PDHS 2012 \u2010 13. UNHCR. 2011. Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey of Afghans in Pakistan. 12 Wilhelm J. A. and S. Helleringer. 2019. \" Utilization of Non \u2010 Ebola Health Care Services during Ebola Outbreaks: a Systematic Review and Meta \u2010 Analysis. \" Journal of Global Health. 9 ( 1 ). https: / / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov / pmc / articles / PMC6344071 /; Chang H. J., N. Huang, C. H.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 609, + 663, + "named" + ], + [ + 3, + 7, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 585, + 594, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 596, + 601, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 603, + 607, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 667, + 674, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 678, + 686, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 691, + 704, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 709, + 723, + "Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2011. Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey of Afghans in Pakistan. 12 Wilhelm J.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, which is used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a past tense indicator indicating completion of a survey", + "described with the term 'Survey' indicating data collection", + "implies structured data collection from a population" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey', I carefully noted the specific context in which it is presented. The term exclusively refers to a survey conducted in 2011, which implies that data was systematically collected from a population. The use of 'Survey' in its title suggests a structured format of data gathering, which typically qualifies it as a dataset. A model might confuse this with a project name due to its formal naming. However, since it clearly indicates its nature as a survey and the context implies it is a completed data collection effort, it's reasonable to treat it as a dataset. While its capitalization could lead to labeling it as a project or system, the presence of the term 'Survey' strongly anchors it as a source of collected data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey' is treated as a dataset because it denotes a specific survey that gathered structured data from a population, aligning well with the characteristics of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "In FY16 / 17, 64 percent of boys and 78 percent of girls ( between the ages of 5 and 16 ) were not enrolled in primary and secondary schools in Balochistan, compared to 40 percent of boys and 49 percent of girls at the national level. 22 The overall net enrollment and effective transition rates, from primary to middle school and middle to high school, were low compared to national rates, especially among girls. When it comes to student learning metrics, children in Balochistan also perform poorly in comparison to the same age groups in rural Pakistan communities. For example, approximately 60 percent of children in grade 5 could not perform a two \u2010 digit division problem. The 2018 ASER report also highlighted a wide gender gap in student learning, with 31 percent of boys and 20 percent of girls ( ages 5 to 16 years ) being able to read second \u2010 grade level sentences 19 Expanded Program on Immunization ( EPI ), Tuberculosis, Malaria and Vector Borne Diseases Control Program, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health ( MNCH ), Lady Health Workers ( LHW ) Program, District Health Information System ( DHIS ), Nutrition Program, HIV \u2010 AIDS, Prime Minister \u2019 s Initiative for Hepatitis Control Program, Leprosy Control Program, National Program for Prevention and Control of Blindness, and Provincial Disaster and Surveillance", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1072, + 1106, + "named" + ], + [ + 144, + 155, + "District Health Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 685, + 689, + "District Health Information System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1109, + 1113, + "District Health Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For example, approximately 60 percent of children in grade 5 could not perform a two \u2010 digit division problem. The 2018 ASER report also highlighted a wide gender gap in student learning, with 31 percent of boys and 20 percent of girls ( ages 5 to 16 years ) being able to read second \u2010 grade level sentences 19 Expanded Program on Immunization ( EPI ), Tuberculosis, Malaria and Vector Borne Diseases Control Program, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health ( MNCH ), Lady Health Workers ( LHW ) Program, District Health Information System ( DHIS ), Nutrition Program, HIV \u2010 AIDS, Prime Minister \u2019 s Initiative for Hepatitis Control Program, Leprosy Control Program, National Program for Prevention and Control of Blindness, and Provincial Disaster and Surveillance", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The District Health Information System is a structured collection of health data used for analysis and research in public health.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known programs and initiatives", + "mentioned as a health information system", + "not described as a source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'District Health Information System' serves more as a descriptor of a health information management system rather than a concrete dataset. Although it can contain valuable health data, it is listed among other programs and initiatives without explicitly being described as the primary data source for the analysis being discussed. The phrases that typically signal a dataset, like 'uses data from' or 'based on', are absent, and the term is presented alongside various health programs. This suggests it functions more as a system or infrastructure that may house datasets rather than acting as the dataset itself. The extraction model may have misidentified it as a dataset due to its structured nature, the capitalization making it look like a proper entity, and its placement in a list that implies it could provide data. However, the context does not support its designation strictly as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'District Health Information System' is treated as a health information system rather than a dataset because it is listed with other programs without being highlighted as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Unit. 20 In addition to the DHIS, there exist many parallel health management information systems ( HMIS ) ( for example, one for each vertical program, PPHI, and so on ). Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported. 21 Less than 4 percent of the population seeks care at the public primary level HFs and 28 percent seeks care at higher \u2010 level public HFs, while more than 60 percent seeks care at private HFs ( PSLSM Survey 2014 \u2013 15. Pakistan Bureau of Statics, 2016 ). Zaidi, S. A., M. Bigdeli, and E. V. Langlois, et al. 2019. \u201c Health Systems Changes after Decentralization: Progress, Challenges and Dynamics in Pakistan. \u201d BMJ Glob Health 4. 22 In Pakistan, primary schools cover grades 1 through 5 and secondary schools cover grades 6 to 10 with middle schools for grades 6 to 8 and high schools for grades 9 and 10. Higher \u2010 secondary schools cover grades 11 and 12.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 28, + 32, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Unit. 20 In addition to the DHIS, there exist many parallel health management information systems ( HMIS ) ( for example, one for each vertical program, PPHI, and so on ). Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a health management information system, which is not a structured collection of data for research or analysis but rather a system for managing health data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a health management information system", + "mentions parallel HMIS", + "not referenced as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, DHIS (District Health Information System) is explicitly described as a health management information system. It is not referred to as a structured data source or dataset, as the surrounding text emphasizes its function as a system rather than an actual dataset. A model might have been confused because 'DHIS' is capitalized and appears in a context that suggests it could store data; however, the text does not indicate that it serves as the main structured data source for analysis, instead mentioning it alongside other systems and projects. This sets it apart from a dataset as it aligns more closely with an infrastructural role in managing health data rather than providing direct access to a dataset for research purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS is not considered a dataset because it is identified as a health management information system, lacking direct reference as a primary data source or structured collection for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Unit. 20 In addition to the DHIS, there exist many parallel health management information systems ( HMIS ) ( for example, one for each vertical program, PPHI, and so on ). Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported. 21 Less than 4 percent of the population seeks care at the public primary level HFs and 28 percent seeks care at higher \u2010 level public HFs, while more than 60 percent seeks care at private HFs ( PSLSM Survey 2014 \u2013 15. Pakistan Bureau of Statics, 2016 ). Zaidi, S. A., M. Bigdeli, and E. V. Langlois, et al. 2019. \u201c Health Systems Changes after Decentralization: Progress, Challenges and Dynamics in Pakistan. \u201d BMJ Glob Health 4. 22 In Pakistan, primary schools cover grades 1 through 5 and secondary schools cover grades 6 to 10 with middle schools for grades 6 to 8 and high schools for grades 9 and 10. Higher \u2010 secondary schools cover grades 11 and 12.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 153, + 157, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Unit. 20 In addition to the DHIS, there exist many parallel health management information systems ( HMIS ) ( for example, one for each vertical program, PPHI, and so on ). Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "PPHI refers to a health program and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a health management information system", + "enumerated alongside other systems", + "not directly connected to data collection or storage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'PPHI' is identified in the context of a health management information system alongside others like DHIS and unspecified vertical programs. While it is mentioned in a manner that implies it is involved in health data management, it is not treated as a dataset. The use of 'parallel health management information systems' clearly classifies PPHI as a system that potentially handles data rather than a structured dataset itself. The confusion may arise because the term is not explicitly defined as a system; however, the context suggests its role in health information management rather than being a direct data source. A model could mistakenly label it as a dataset due to its capitalized form and the structure which surrounds it \u2014 implying data management, but not explicitly indicating it collects or provides data in a structured format.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PPHI' does not act as a dataset in this context, as it is identified as a management information system rather than a distinct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "Unit. 20 In addition to the DHIS, there exist many parallel health management information systems ( HMIS ) ( for example, one for each vertical program, PPHI, and so on ). Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported. 21 Less than 4 percent of the population seeks care at the public primary level HFs and 28 percent seeks care at higher \u2010 level public HFs, while more than 60 percent seeks care at private HFs ( PSLSM Survey 2014 \u2013 15. Pakistan Bureau of Statics, 2016 ). Zaidi, S. A., M. Bigdeli, and E. V. Langlois, et al. 2019. \u201c Health Systems Changes after Decentralization: Progress, Challenges and Dynamics in Pakistan. \u201d BMJ Glob Health 4. 22 In Pakistan, primary schools cover grades 1 through 5 and secondary schools cover grades 6 to 10 with middle schools for grades 6 to 8 and high schools for grades 9 and 10. Higher \u2010 secondary schools cover grades 11 and 12.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 436, + 448, + "named" + ], + [ + 449, + 458, + "PSLSM Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 460, + 486, + "PSLSM Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 496, + 508, + "PSLSM Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 510, + 520, + "PSLSM Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 526, + 548, + "PSLSM Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 641, + 649, + "PSLSM Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 678, + 686, + "PSLSM Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Services delivered through the private sector are also not reported. 21 Less than 4 percent of the population seeks care at the public primary level HFs and 28 percent seeks care at higher \u2010 level public HFs, while more than 60 percent seeks care at private HFs ( PSLSM Survey 2014 \u2013 15. Pakistan Bureau of Statics, 2016 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PSLSM Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health-seeking behavior in Pakistan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows citation indicating a year and a source of official statistics", + "describes a specific survey related to health-seeking behavior", + "implies collection of structured records regarding healthcare access", + "is referred to in a context involving quantitative health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'PSLSM Survey' appears to refer explicitly to a survey that collects and reports data on healthcare behavior in Pakistan. The phrase mentions the year and cites the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, which suggests that it is a structured collection of data used for official analysis. While the term 'Survey' could raise question marks about it being a system rather than a dataset, the context strongly points towards it being a concrete data source since surveys are typically organized methods of data collection meant for analysis. The confusion might arise if one considers the possibility of PSLSM being a project name or even a management information system; however, given the specific phrasing surrounding it \u2014 especially how it follows a statistical report \u2014 there is adequate indication that it is indeed a dataset. Overall, I find that the contextual clues strongly support the classification of 'PSLSM Survey' as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PSLSM Survey' should be treated as a dataset because it refers to a specific structured survey reflecting health-seeking behavior in Pakistan, supported by a citation indicating its official nature." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The performance of the education sector is affected by weak governance and limited use of data to inform decision making. The quality of education services at the local level is characterized by poor ownership, weak accountability of teachers and local education managers, frequent teacher absenteeism, and poor monitoring and measurement of student learning. To address these challenges, BESP 2020 \u2013 25 emphasizes the need to decentralize decision \u2010 making power to the cluster level. 29 It also entails the formation of a Local Education Council ( LEC ), allocation of a drawing and disbursement officer ( DDO ) code to the head teacher, training of the LEC in school \u2010 based and cluster \u2010 level budgeting and procurement, student learning assessments across all cluster schools, and the establishment of an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) cell for improved data management. 30 The SED \u2019 s limited capacity in data analysis is also hampering its ability to make timely decisions and improve planning. 23 ASER Pakistan. 2019. Annual Status of Education Report \u2010 National 2018. 24 UNHCR. 2011. Population Profiling, Verification and Response Survey of Afghan Refugees in Pakistan. 25 SED, GoB. 2013. BESP 2013 \u2013 18. 26 SED, GoB. 2017. Balochistan Education Statistics 2016 \u2013 17. 27 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2018. Labour Force Survey 2017 \u2010 18: Annual Report 28 SED, GoB. 2019. Draft BESP 2020 \u2013 25. 29 A group of public schools in a contiguous geographical area that forms the catchment area of a high school, where the high school acts as the cluster head and the middle and primary schools act as the satellites functioning under the cluster head. 30 SED, GoB. 2014. Policy, Devolution of Education Management and Services at Cluster Level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 810, + 849, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To address these challenges, BESP 2020 \u2013 25 emphasizes the need to decentralize decision \u2010 making power to the cluster level. 29 It also entails the formation of a Local Education Council ( LEC ), allocation of a drawing and disbursement officer ( DDO ) code to the head teacher, training of the LEC in school \u2010 based and cluster \u2010 level budgeting and procurement, student learning assessments across all cluster schools, and the establishment of an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) cell for improved data management. 30 The SED \u2019 s limited capacity in data analysis is also hampering its ability to make timely decisions and improve planning.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) refers to a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing educational data", + "not described as containing records itself", + "specifically referred to infrastructure for improved data management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the term 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is explicitly framed as a system or tool designed to improve data management rather than as a dataset. This is reinforced by the surrounding text, which discusses the establishment of an EMIS cell for better management of educational data without indicating that it serves as a compiled dataset for analysis. The phrasing does not denote the EMIS as a source of structured records; rather, it implies its role in organizing and overseeing the handling of educational information. A model might confuse the EMIS for a dataset due to its formal designation and the emphasis on its purpose in data management\u2014elements that could suggest it is a repository of data. However, upon closer examination, it is more accurately characterized as a facilitator for data usage rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management Information System' is not a dataset but rather a system for organizing and managing educational data. It does not present itself as a structured collection of records, which is necessary for it to be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "For example, the project may support training of providers on infection prevention and control, use of HMIS to strengthen reporting of cases and use of community interventions for sensitization and behavior change ( for example, self \u2010 distancing, hygiene at home ). The project will also consider financing additional interventions such as transport for health care workers to reach the facilities or telemedicine to address specific service delivery challenges that may emerge as a consequence of COVID \u2010 19 and other outbreaks. 32. This subcomponent will support selected HFs36 to meet a set of agreed minimum delivery standards for RMNCHN services using a cluster \u2010 based service delivery model. One HF will be designated to each cluster offering comprehensive EmONC services that will serve as the \u2018 hub \u2019 and will be linked to a network of HFs that offer basic EmONC services. Selected BHUs will be upgraded to 24 / 7 RHCs to provide critical care, especially EmONC services. This subcomponent will support on \u2010 the \u2010 job training to ensure all 36 In each target district, HFs are selected based on proximity to a refugee village; ongoing or planned investments by other development partners ( DPs ); and distance from the district headquarter hospitals in Pishin, Chagai, and Killa Abdullah and the city center for Quetta to enable the creation of a cluster.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 103, + 107, + "named" + ], + [ + 1283, + 1297, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For example, the project may support training of providers on infection prevention and control, use of HMIS to strengthen reporting of cases and use of community interventions for sensitization and behavior change ( for example, self \u2010 distancing, hygiene at home ). The project will also consider financing additional interventions such as transport for health care workers to reach the facilities or telemedicine to address specific service delivery challenges that may emerge as a consequence of COVID \u2010 19 and other outbreaks.", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for reporting and analysis in health service delivery.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an information system", + "used to strengthen reporting but not treated as a data source", + "described within a project context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' refers to a Health Management Information System that is being utilized to improve reporting, rather than being cited as a specific dataset. The text discusses training and project support in a broader context, indicating that HMIS is a tool being leveraged for health service delivery improvements. This labeling of HMIS as a system is reinforced by the surrounding phrases that focus on how the project uses the system rather than indicating that it is providing direct data for analysis. The confusion for the model may arise from 'HMIS' being capitalized and positioned in a way that aligns with dataset mentions, paired with the lack of any explicit textual performative that identifies it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'HMIS' is better understood as an information system that supports data collection and reporting processes, rather than a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Subcomponent 1. 2: Strengthening health sector stewardship ( US $ 3. 39 million equivalent ) will support strengthening health sector stewardship in selected refugee hosting districts through: ( a ) improving availability, quality, and use of routine health data via, inter alia, ( i ) developing and implementing a digital human resources database, ( ii ) digitizing DHIS and integrating selected parallel reporting systems, ( iii ) providing training, equipment, and operational support to health services providers for implementation and operationalization of HMIS, ( iv ) creating a user \u2010 friendly dashboard for decision making; and ( v ) supporting data review meetings and data quality checks; and ( b ) providing training to, and building capacity of, key managerial and technical staff on selected health system strengthening subjects. The project will support a real \u2010 time system monitoring of staff presence at HFs. Training of managerial and technical staff at provincial and district levels in various health system strengthening areas directly linked to improving effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of service delivery will include contract management of private \u2010 public partnerships, public financial management, monitoring and supervision, human resources for health ( HRH ) management, and supply chain management.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 368, + 372, + "named" + ], + [ + 316, + 348, + "DHIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2: Strengthening health sector stewardship ( US $ 3. 39 million equivalent ) will support strengthening health sector stewardship in selected refugee hosting districts through: ( a ) improving availability, quality, and use of routine health data via, inter alia, ( i ) developing and implementing a digital human resources database, ( ii ) digitizing DHIS and integrating selected parallel reporting systems, ( iii ) providing training, equipment, and operational support to health services providers for implementation and operationalization of HMIS, ( iv ) creating a user \u2010 friendly dashboard for decision making; and ( v ) supporting data review meetings and data quality checks; and ( b ) providing training to, and building capacity of, key managerial and technical staff on selected health system strengthening subjects. The project will support a real \u2010 time system monitoring of staff presence at HFs.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and improving health services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a digital human resources database", + "denoting a system rather than a concrete dataset", + "part of a list of implementations alongside systems and tools" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' appears to be referenced as part of a broader digital system for managing health data, specifically related to the DHIS (District Health Information System) framework, rather than as a standalone dataset. The use of terms like 'digitizing' and 'integrating selected parallel reporting systems' imply that DHIS functions as a system that processes and manages health data rather than being a direct source of it. This suggests that it is more of an information system that stores various datasets rather than a dataset itself. The confusion may arise because DHIS is often associated with aggregated health data, but here it is characterized more as a digital platform or infrastructure that facilitates the collection and processing of health data. The model may have mistakenly categorized it as a dataset due to its association with health data without recognizing the context that positions it as a tool or system. It follows the contextual cue of being elaborated on in a list with other systems and tools (like the digital human resources database and HMIS), which clearly highlights it as part of an integrated system rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS in this context functions as an information system rather than a standalone dataset, as it is characterized as a digital platform that organizes and manages health information." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Subcomponent 1. 2: Strengthening health sector stewardship ( US $ 3. 39 million equivalent ) will support strengthening health sector stewardship in selected refugee hosting districts through: ( a ) improving availability, quality, and use of routine health data via, inter alia, ( i ) developing and implementing a digital human resources database, ( ii ) digitizing DHIS and integrating selected parallel reporting systems, ( iii ) providing training, equipment, and operational support to health services providers for implementation and operationalization of HMIS, ( iv ) creating a user \u2010 friendly dashboard for decision making; and ( v ) supporting data review meetings and data quality checks; and ( b ) providing training to, and building capacity of, key managerial and technical staff on selected health system strengthening subjects. The project will support a real \u2010 time system monitoring of staff presence at HFs. Training of managerial and technical staff at provincial and district levels in various health system strengthening areas directly linked to improving effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of service delivery will include contract management of private \u2010 public partnerships, public financial management, monitoring and supervision, human resources for health ( HRH ) management, and supply chain management.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 563, + 567, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2: Strengthening health sector stewardship ( US $ 3. 39 million equivalent ) will support strengthening health sector stewardship in selected refugee hosting districts through: ( a ) improving availability, quality, and use of routine health data via, inter alia, ( i ) developing and implementing a digital human resources database, ( ii ) digitizing DHIS and integrating selected parallel reporting systems, ( iii ) providing training, equipment, and operational support to health services providers for implementation and operationalization of HMIS, ( iv ) creating a user \u2010 friendly dashboard for decision making; and ( v ) supporting data review meetings and data quality checks; and ( b ) providing training to, and building capacity of, key managerial and technical staff on selected health system strengthening subjects. The project will support a real \u2010 time system monitoring of staff presence at HFs.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a health management information system, which is a program or framework for managing health data rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component of a broader health management information system", + "follows a project description focused on improving data systems", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a framework for managing data rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, HMIS clearly refers to a Health Management Information System, which is an entire infrastructure designed for managing health data rather than a specific dataset. The text elaborates on how HMIS is part of broader initiatives, such as improving the quality and use of routine health data and supporting staff through operational training. Therefore, the term behaves more as a system that contains data rather than being a dataset itself. Models may confuse HMIS for a dataset due to its capitalization and the presence of phrases like 'uses data from', but these cues lead not to a specific dataset but rather to a structured program that manages data. The complexity lies in its role as infrastructure, which may not always be obvious when presented alongside action-oriented training and support initiatives.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, HMIS is not treated as a dataset; instead, it functions as a management information system designed to oversee health data rather than representing concrete structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 828, + 840, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HRH database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "HRH database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "HRH database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "HRH database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "HRH database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 843, + 870, + "HRH database <> data description" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1080, + "HRH database <> data type" + ], + [ + 1554, + 1572, + "HRH database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The HRH database is a structured collection of data related to human resources for health, used for analysis and monitoring in the context of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of project activities", + "described but not as a primary data source", + "combined with other project management activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'HRH database' is described alongside various activities related to the World Bank's Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project. It is mentioned as part of project actions, like 'contracting of providers' and 'Competency-based training', rather than being clearly identified as a standalone data source for analysis. The language does not indicate that it is used as the primary data source for the insights reported, but rather part of the infrastructure to support project goals. The confusion may arise from the capitalized term 'HRH database', which gives it the appearance of a formal dataset or tool, but it is actually referenced within a broader project framework that does not solidify it as a concrete dataset. Thus, the model may have misidentified it as a dataset due to its presentation and context in the document.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The HRH database in this context is not a dataset on its own but rather a component of project management and human resource activities within the framework of the Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1119, + 1123, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 591, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and improving health services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "mentioned in the context of integration with DHIS", + "referred to as a tool for improving data quality" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' appears to refer to the Health Management Information System rather than a dataset in its own right. The text indicates that HMIS is being digitized and integrated into another system (DHIS), which underscores its role as an infrastructure for data management rather than as a primary data source. Phrases like 'digitization and integration of the HMIS' suggest that it functions more as a system used to organize and access health data rather than being the actual dataset. The mention of HMIS occurs alongside other infrastructure and capacity-building measures, reinforcing its role as a tool rather than a dataset itself. This could confuse models as HMIS might seem to imply a structured data source by its name and relevance to health monitoring, yet it ultimately describes a broader system. It's important to differentiate between a management information system that hosts information and the datasets that are utilized within or derived from such systems.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' refers to a Health Management Information System rather than a standalone dataset, as it is being discussed in the context of integration with another system and is positioned as a tool for organizing health data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1133, + 1137, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 591, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1080, + "DHIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system (HMIS) integrated into DHIS", + "mentioned as part of the digitization process", + "not mentioned as a standalone dataset, but as part of a system involving health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' refers to a Health Management Information System (HMIS) that has been digitized and integrated. The text emphasizes its role in improving health data quality and mentions it alongside other related system components rather than as a standalone dataset. The mention of 'HMIS' further clarifies that 'DHIS' serves more as an infrastructure or system for managing health data rather than existing as a distinct dataset. The model might have been confused due to its potential association with data collection and reporting processes, leading to assumptions about it being a dataset. Overall, while 'DHIS' is crucial for health data management, in this instance, it is described in a way that suggests it serves more as a tool or system rather than as a singular dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS' is better viewed as a health management information system that contains and manages datasets rather than as a concrete dataset itself in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1179, + 1183, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 591, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and improving health services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of a broader system structure (DHIS)", + "not explicitly treated as a data source in this context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the presented context, 'HMIS' appears primarily as part of a management information system and its integration into another system (DHIS). The phrases surrounding 'HMIS' emphasize its role within infrastructure for health data management rather than as an independent dataset. The model may have misinterpreted 'HMIS' as a dataset entity due to its capitalization and its listing within a narrative that discusses enhancements to data use and quality. However, the text refers to it as a system that facilitates data handling and does not treat it as a direct source of data that can be independently analyzed. Therefore, it should be viewed more as a component of an infrastructure rather than an explicit dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'HMIS' is not treated as a standalone dataset in this context; it functions more as a management information system that contributes to the health data architecture rather than being a dataset in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1186, + 1190, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 591, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1080, + "DHIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured database used for health information management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system that integrates health data", + "mentioned alongside other systems and databases", + "context suggests it is a platform rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' is referenced as part of a larger discussion about digitizing and integrating health management information systems (HMIS). The term appears in a sentence that discusses the integration of HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards, indicating it is functioning as a tool or infrastructure for health data management. This suggests that DHIS is a system that stores and manages health data rather than a discrete dataset itself. The original judgment might have confused the term with an actual dataset because it was mentioned in conjunction with health data management and seems to serve that purpose. However, as it does not refer to a specific structured collection of raw data being analyzed, but rather to a broader platform, it would be inappropriate to classify it as a dataset. This distinction is crucial and can often lead to confusion in dataset extraction models that may pick up on terms that seem to describe data sources based on their structure or naming.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' functions as a health management information system rather than representing a specific dataset, as it integrates various health data management functions rather than serving as a discrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1242, + 1246, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 591, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured database used for health information management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as integrated into the DHIS system", + "system mentioned among other systems", + "not explicitly referred to as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' appears as part of a description of the health information management process being implemented. The mention of 'Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS' strongly indicates that DHIS is being treated as a system rather than a dataset itself. While the DHIS is indeed associated with health data management, the way this term is presented \u2014 in association with HMIS and vertical programs as a part of a broader system \u2014 suggests that it's functioning as infrastructure for capturing and managing data rather than being the distinct dataset the previous judgment suggested. A model might have confused it as a dataset due to its capitalization and the fact that it is listed with other entities related to data management; however, the context here clarifies that it refers to a health management system framework that houses data, rather than serving as a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' is better identified as a health management information system rather than a dataset since it is discussed in relation to the integration and processing of health data rather than representing a separate data entity." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1249, + 1254, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS2 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "DHIS2 <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS2 is a health management information system that serves as a database for health data collection and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of the HMIS", + "described as being integrated into DHIS", + "serves as a health management information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the mention of 'DHIS2' refers explicitly to a health management information system that incorporates data from various health services and is used for data management and reporting. The text frames DHIS2 in relation to the integration of the HMIS and other vertical programs, emphasizing its role within the health infrastructure rather than presenting it as a standalone dataset. While it may contain data and be used for data analysis, it is primarily described as a system that facilitates the digitization and integration of health data rather than as the source of that data itself. The potential confusion arises from the capitalization and structured mention of DHIS2, which might lead the model to treat it similarly to a dataset. However, its role in the context leans more towards being a platform or tool rather than an independent dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DHIS2 is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a health management information system that integrates and digitizes data rather than serving as a source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1277, + 1281, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "DHIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1080, + "DHIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured database used for health information management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of the HMIS", + "described as an integration of systems", + "used in the context of improving health information management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' is referenced alongside the HMIS (Health Management Information System), indicating it functions primarily as an integrating platform for health data rather than as a standalone dataset. The phrasing 'digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards' suggests that DHIS acts more like an infrastructural tool or system designed to manage and represent data rather than being a specific collection of data itself. The context does not treat DHIS as a concrete data source but emphasizes its role within a system used to enhance health reporting and management. A model might have been confused by the capitalized term 'DHIS,' which seems to conform to the structure of a dataset name, especially when enumerated with other components of the HRH database. However, its lack of specification as a source of structured records or statistics indicates it serves a broader purpose as a management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' does not function as a standalone dataset but as part of a broader health information management system." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1340, + 1344, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 481, + 492, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 616, + 627, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 657, + 665, + "HMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 690, + 701, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 18 of 47 Figure 1. Theory of Change Output Inadequate infrastructure, equipment, and medicine \uf0b7 Renovation / upgradation of selected HFs to 24 / 7 \uf0b7 Purchasing of equipment and medicines \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs renovated / upgraded including female staff hostels * \uf0b7 Increased number of HFs with essential inputs Improved utilization of quality health services in selected refugee hosting districts in Balochistan Improved child health outcomes ( reduced under \u2010 five mortality, reduced stunting ) among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Improved human capital among refugees and host communities in Balochistan Shortage, absence, low productivity, and competency of providers \uf0b7 Contracting of especially female providers * \uf0b7 Creation of HRH database \uf0b7 Competency \u2010 based training \uf0b7 Increased availability of ( especially female ) providers * at the HFs \uf0b7 Functional HRH database \uf0b7 Increased number of providers with minimum clinical competency Low quality and suboptimal use of health data \uf0b7 Digitization and integration of the HMIS into the DHIS with dashboards \uf0b7 Data review meetings \uf0b7 HMIS ( DHIS, vertical programs ) digitized and integrated into DHIS / DHIS2 \uf0b7 Improved quality of DHIS reports Weak institutional capacity \uf0b7 Capacity building ( HMIS, monitoring, supervision, and management ) \uf0b7 Increased number of targeted staff with basic / advanced competencies Low demand of health and education services \uf0b7 Advocacy and awareness \u2010 raising", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and improving health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a system (HMIS integrated into DHIS)", + "described in the context of digitization and integration with other systems", + "not explicitly used as a primary data source, but rather a tool or system for managing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, HMIS is referred to as part of broader infrastructure aimed at improving health service delivery. The text discusses the HMIS in relation to its integration with the DHIS (District Health Information System) and emphasizes digitization efforts, suggesting it functions more as a system facilitating data management and service improvements rather than being a standalone dataset. It is presented alongside discussions of training and capacity building rather than as a definitive source of structured records. The model may have mistakenly identified it as a dataset due to its structured nature and references made to improvement outcomes, leading it to conclude that it was a dataset rather than a system enabling data collection and management. Additionally, the capitalized acronym signals a proper noun, which can further confuse extraction models into treating it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' is more accurately described as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset, as it is discussed in the context of integration with another system and is not portrayed as a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 21 of 47 ( FMS ), and an environmental and social safeguards specialist / officer. 47 The PMUs will be fully authorized to implement the planned activities approved by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ). 46. A Project Coordination Committee ( PCC ) will be set up to coordinate project implementation and a PSC will be set up to provide strategic guidance and oversight. The PCC, co \u2010 chaired by Secretaries Health and Secondary Education, will meet quarterly. The PSC, chaired by the Additional Chief Secretary, will meet biannually ( see figure 2 ). Figure 2. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 47. Building on the results chain, the M & E framework identified indicators to track project implementation progress and impact. The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS. Where possible, relevant indicators will be disaggregated by gender. Discussions with the GoB and the UNHCR have confirmed, however, that beneficiary data by nationality will not be routinely collected or publicly released. 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 947, + 951, + "named" + ], + [ + 873, + 902, + "DHIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 922, + 939, + "DHIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Building on the results chain, the M & E framework identified indicators to track project implementation progress and impact. The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other indicators", + "refers to a framework rather than a specific dataset", + "suggests integration with HMIS", + "described as part of a project implementation rather than a standalone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'DHIS' in this context appears within a description of project indicators related to health monitoring or evaluation. It is referenced in relation to RMNCHN indicators, but it does not indicate that DHIS itself is the primary dataset being utilized in the analysis. Instead, it seems to refer to a broader health information system rather than a specific collection of data. The fact that it is paired with 'HMIS' (Health Management Information System) suggests that it functions more as an overarching framework rather than representing specific data records or statistics that would qualify it as a dataset. Potential confusion may arise because while DHIS is a structured system, it is not explicitly positioned here as a dataset itself but rather as a component of the project\u2019s analytical framework. This can lead models to misinterpret it as a conventional dataset, given its structured nature and importance in health data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' is better understood as a health information system or framework that incorporates various health-related data rather than as a distinct dataset. Therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 21 of 47 ( FMS ), and an environmental and social safeguards specialist / officer. 47 The PMUs will be fully authorized to implement the planned activities approved by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ). 46. A Project Coordination Committee ( PCC ) will be set up to coordinate project implementation and a PSC will be set up to provide strategic guidance and oversight. The PCC, co \u2010 chaired by Secretaries Health and Secondary Education, will meet quarterly. The PSC, chaired by the Additional Chief Secretary, will meet biannually ( see figure 2 ). Figure 2. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 47. Building on the results chain, the M & E framework identified indicators to track project implementation progress and impact. The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS. Where possible, relevant indicators will be disaggregated by gender. Discussions with the GoB and the UNHCR have confirmed, however, that beneficiary data by nationality will not be routinely collected or publicly released. 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 999, + 1003, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 873, + 902, + "HMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1222, + 1253, + "HMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Building on the results chain, the M & E framework identified indicators to track project implementation progress and impact. The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS.", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation in health systems.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of 'digitization and integration of various HMIS'", + "system but mentioned as an intermediate indicator", + "not enumerated alongside distinct datasets", + "described in a project implementation context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' refers to a health management information system that is mentioned as an intermediate indicator rather than as a specific set of data. The phrasing around it implies processes of digitizing and integrating multiple systems rather than drawing direct data from a single identifiable dataset. It is positioned as part of a project framework for monitoring health indicators rather than a concrete dataset. The model likely confused this mention as a dataset due to the use of the term 'data' associated with HMIS, the capitalization giving it the appearance of a proper noun, and its mention in the context of indicators, which are often driven by datasets. However, without clear identification as a standalone dataset or a specific source of structured records, it is better understood as a health system infrastructure guiding data collection and analysis, which points towards its role in project monitoring rather than being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'HMIS' is treated as a system or framework for managing health-related data rather than an actual dataset in this context, as it's described in relation to project indicators and integration, not as a discrete source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 21 of 47 ( FMS ), and an environmental and social safeguards specialist / officer. 47 The PMUs will be fully authorized to implement the planned activities approved by the Project Steering Committee ( PSC ). 46. A Project Coordination Committee ( PCC ) will be set up to coordinate project implementation and a PSC will be set up to provide strategic guidance and oversight. The PCC, co \u2010 chaired by Secretaries Health and Secondary Education, will meet quarterly. The PSC, chaired by the Additional Chief Secretary, will meet biannually ( see figure 2 ). Figure 2. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 47. Building on the results chain, the M & E framework identified indicators to track project implementation progress and impact. The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS. Where possible, relevant indicators will be disaggregated by gender. Discussions with the GoB and the UNHCR have confirmed, however, that beneficiary data by nationality will not be routinely collected or publicly released. 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1078, + 1082, + "named" + ], + [ + 873, + 902, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1222, + 1253, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The PDO \u2010 level health indicators are taken from the RMNCHN indicators in the DHIS, while digitization and integration of various HMIS is an intermediate indicator. The education indicators are taken from the EMIS. Where possible, relevant indicators will be disaggregated by gender.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'taken from'", + "described as an information system related to education management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that aggregates, maintains, and processes educational data. The phrase 'the education indicators are taken from the EMIS' implies that it serves as a source for the indicators being discussed. However, 'EMIS' is more accurately categorized as a system or platform that encompasses various datasets rather than a standalone dataset itself. The confusion may arise because EMIS typically delivers structured data as output, but it is more akin to the infrastructure used to collect and manage educational data. The model might have interpreted it as a dataset due to its placement in the sentence structure, especially following 'taken from', which often signifies a dataset. However, since it doesn\u2019t represent a specific data collection but rather a system that manages and provides access to data, it's more apt to see it as an informational tool rather than a direct dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' functions as a system that provides educational indicators and is not a specific dataset. It is seen more as an infrastructure for managing educational data rather than a concrete dataset used for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project M & E will leverage and strengthen existing routine information systems, and finance the generation of user \u2010 friendly evidence for efficient service delivery. Routine surveys will be used to collate data from target facilities, which will be triangulated through the existing management information system within the Health and Secondary Education Departments. The remote monitoring system within the SED uses technology \u2010 based data management solutions with a dashboard to display the broader analysis. The project will support the Health Department to adopt a similar system and cater for the monitoring needs of the project. The project will also support an innovative, technology \u2010 based pilot intervention to track the presence of providers at HFs and assess their knowledge to design appropriate trainings. In addition, the project will train district \u2010 and cluster \u2010 level education and health teams in data collection, management, analysis, and timely course correction. Process evaluations will be used to measure the quality of implementation. To tackle the challenges in evidence \u2010 based decision making and improved accountability within the Health Department, the project will support the GoB to ( a ) establish or strengthen an HRH database, a health institutional database that routinely tracks facility 47 During the early phase of implementation, the Governance and Policy Program ( GPP ) PMU will provide back \u2010 up support. Implementation / Monitoring Operational Coordination Oversight PSC Headed by Additional Chief Secretary, to oversee the project implementation and provide stewardship PCC Headed by Secretary, Health and Secretary Education, to coordinate and facilitate project implementation PMU \u2010 Health Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring District Health Teams Headed by district health officer to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities PMU \u2010 Education Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring PMU District Teams Headed by District Coordinator to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 414, + 417, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Routine surveys will be used to collate data from target facilities, which will be triangulated through the existing management information system within the Health and Secondary Education Departments. The remote monitoring system within the SED uses technology \u2010 based data management solutions with a dashboard to display the broader analysis. The project will support the Health Department to adopt a similar system and cater for the monitoring needs of the project.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "SED refers to a remote monitoring system and is part of a project framework, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a remote monitoring system", + "follows 'within the \u2026 Departments' context", + "mentioned in relation to a project", + "does not present structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In analyzing 'SED', I noticed that it is introduced as part of a broader framework dealing with health and secondary education departments, explicitly described as a remote monitoring system. This indicates that SED is likely functioning as a tool for data management rather than representing a concrete dataset of structured records. The phrasing indicates usage within a project, supporting the notion that it serves as infrastructure rather than as a standalone dataset. The presence of terms like 'system' and the lack of any descriptors indicating it is a source of structured data helps clarify its role as a tool. Confusion might arise because 'SED' is capitalized and appears in a technical context, which may lead models to categorize it as a dataset, especially if systems often contain data or are part of a project aimed at analyzing data. However, it is clear from the language used that 'SED' functions more as an operational platform rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SED' is not treated as a dataset; it is specified as a remote monitoring system that serves infrastructural purposes rather than indicating a concrete collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project M & E will leverage and strengthen existing routine information systems, and finance the generation of user \u2010 friendly evidence for efficient service delivery. Routine surveys will be used to collate data from target facilities, which will be triangulated through the existing management information system within the Health and Secondary Education Departments. The remote monitoring system within the SED uses technology \u2010 based data management solutions with a dashboard to display the broader analysis. The project will support the Health Department to adopt a similar system and cater for the monitoring needs of the project. The project will also support an innovative, technology \u2010 based pilot intervention to track the presence of providers at HFs and assess their knowledge to design appropriate trainings. In addition, the project will train district \u2010 and cluster \u2010 level education and health teams in data collection, management, analysis, and timely course correction. Process evaluations will be used to measure the quality of implementation. To tackle the challenges in evidence \u2010 based decision making and improved accountability within the Health Department, the project will support the GoB to ( a ) establish or strengthen an HRH database, a health institutional database that routinely tracks facility 47 During the early phase of implementation, the Governance and Policy Program ( GPP ) PMU will provide back \u2010 up support. Implementation / Monitoring Operational Coordination Oversight PSC Headed by Additional Chief Secretary, to oversee the project implementation and provide stewardship PCC Headed by Secretary, Health and Secretary Education, to coordinate and facilitate project implementation PMU \u2010 Health Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring District Health Teams Headed by district health officer to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities PMU \u2010 Education Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring PMU District Teams Headed by District Coordinator to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1256, + 1268, + "named" + ], + [ + 1272, + 1301, + "HRH database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Process evaluations will be used to measure the quality of implementation. To tackle the challenges in evidence \u2010 based decision making and improved accountability within the Health Department, the project will support the GoB to ( a ) establish or strengthen an HRH database, a health institutional database that routinely tracks facility 47 During the early phase of implementation, the Governance and Policy Program ( GPP ) PMU will provide back \u2010 up support. Implementation / Monitoring Operational Coordination Oversight PSC Headed by Additional Chief Secretary, to oversee the project implementation and provide stewardship PCC Headed by Secretary, Health and Secretary Education, to coordinate and facilitate project implementation PMU \u2010 Health Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring District Health Teams Headed by district health officer to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities PMU \u2010 Education Existing PMU to manage the project implementation and monitoring PMU District Teams Headed by District Coordinator to plan, implement, and monitor the project activities", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The HRH database is a structured collection of data that tracks health facility information, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project to establish or strengthen an HRH database", + "described as a health institutional database that routinely tracks facility data", + "not explicitly described as a direct data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'HRH database' appears in a context that indicates it is being considered as a project to establish or strengthen an information system for tracking health facility data. The phrasing suggests that the 'HRH database' is part of a plan to improve data collection and analysis rather than a pre-existing dataset from which data is used directly for research. Furthermore, while the database is described as 'a health institutional database that routinely tracks facility data,' this description implies it's an infrastructure or system rather than an independent dataset utilized for analysis. The model could have confused this mention due to the capitalization and the structured description which might lead it to see it as a proper dataset rather than recognizing it as part of a system being set up. The surrounding text supports the idea that it refers to an ongoing project rather than providing immediate, usable data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'HRH database' in this context refers to a project aimed at establishing a data tracking system rather than an already existing dataset directly used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 32 of 47 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target ( Percentage ) PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target 1. Improving utilization of quality health services Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 20. 00 75. 00 Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 50. 00 25. 00 Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) ( Number ) 0. 00 3. 00 2. Improving utilization of quality education services Targeted school clusters with improved cluster \u2010 based governance ( Percentage ) 0. 00 50. 00 Student learning assessment reforms strategy implemented ( Text ) No strategy exists Dissemination of assessment results from 10 % target primary schools Grade 5 and 8 students scoring at least 50 % in concept \u2010 based learning assessment in project schools ( Percentage ) 0. 00 20. 00 Targeted female teachers trained ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 Grievances registered related to delivery of project benefits that are addressed ( Percentage ) 0. 00 75. 00 IO Table SPACE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 656, + 660, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 25, + 36, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 80. 00 Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) ( Number ) 0. 00 3.", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and improving health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside 'digitally integrated into DHIS'", + "appears to reference an integrated system rather than a standalone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' likely refers to a Health Management Information System, which is typically an integrated platform that compiles and manages health data. The phrase 'digitally integrated into DHIS' indicates that 'HMIS' is part of a larger system architecture (District Health Information Software), suggesting it functions more as a tool for managing data rather than being the dataset itself. The confusion for a model may arise because the term could be seen as a data provider, but the emphasis on integration implies it cannot be treated as a standalone dataset. This is compounded by its abbreviation, which often signals a name corresponding to a system rather than data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' is not treated as a dataset because it clearly refers to a system integrated with another data system (DHIS), indicating it serves more as an infrastructure/tool rather than a discrete source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 32 of 47 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target ( Percentage ) PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name PBC Baseline End Target 1. Improving utilization of quality health services Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 20. 00 75. 00 Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 50. 00 25. 00 Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) ( Number ) 0. 00 3. 00 2. Improving utilization of quality education services Targeted school clusters with improved cluster \u2010 based governance ( Percentage ) 0. 00 50. 00 Student learning assessment reforms strategy implemented ( Text ) No strategy exists Dissemination of assessment results from 10 % target primary schools Grade 5 and 8 students scoring at least 50 % in concept \u2010 based learning assessment in project schools ( Percentage ) 0. 00 20. 00 Targeted female teachers trained ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 Grievances registered related to delivery of project benefits that are addressed ( Percentage ) 0. 00 75. 00 IO Table SPACE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 687, + 691, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 80. 00 Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) ( Number ) 0. 00 3.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a health information system, which is a tool or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that integrates health management information", + "not presented as a dataset or data source", + "follows references to integration rather than data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' appears closely tied to the concept of a health management information system (HMIS), particularly suggested by the phrasing 'Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS'. The term does not seem to indicate a collection of data itself but rather refers to the infrastructure or framework designed for health information management. While the model may have associated it with data due to the formal mention and the context provided, it's evident that DHIS refers to a system intended to facilitate the handling and organization of records, rather than a specific dataset. The lack of any phrases indicating it's a data source, like 'uses data from' or 'based on', further supports this interpretation. Therefore, it would be misleading to classify DHIS as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'DHIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a health information management system, highlighting infrastructure rather than representing specific structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 37, + "text": "criteria covering: ( a ) dedicated ECE classroom and teacher; ( b ) 50 % of Annual School Profiles Census based analysis of model school scorecard SED, PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 76, + 105, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "criteria covering: ( a ) dedicated ECE classroom and teacher; ( b ) 50 % of Annual School Profiles Census based analysis of model school scorecard SED, PMU", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to school profiles, which is used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list of criteria, not explicitly described as data source", + "uses a phrase 'based analysis' implying a model rather than raw data source", + "structure suggests it could be a project name or framework" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Annual School Profiles Census' appears to indicate a systematic method or framework for collecting information about schools, possibly used as an umbrella term for various metrics collected through a census. It does not clearly state that it is a data source providing structured records for analysis but rather specifies a type of analysis that is based on it. This implies that it serves more as a reference for criteria or a project aligned with gathering school-related data rather than being a tangible dataset itself. The surrounding context suggests it may exist within a larger framework, making it less likely to be treated as a standalone dataset. The model might have been confused due to it being capitalized, appearing structured, and being included in text discussing data and analysis. Such features often lead models to label it as a dataset, though closer examination reveals its role is more aligned with being a project or system framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Annual School Profiles Census' seems to represent a structured methodology for school data collection rather than an actual dataset. The analysis suggests this is part of a broader assessment framework rather than a distinct dataset containing raw data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate. Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 741, + 745, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "HMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate.", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for monitoring and evaluation of health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a health institutional database", + "mentioned alongside other indicators without explicit dataset context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is presented as a health institutional database, indicating that it functions as a management information system (MIS) for health data rather than a standalone dataset. The surrounding text implies that HMIS aggregates and manages data for health service monitoring, but it does not explicitly define it as a dataset. Given that it appears alongside phrases like 'self\u2010reported data' and is tied to indicators but lacks a specific reference as a data source, it's better understood as a system that provides access to datasets rather than being classified as a dataset itself. The confusion arises because 'HMIS' may look like a dataset owing to its capitalization and the context of data reporting, but the descriptions suggest it serves more as an infrastructure for data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'HMIS' is not treated as a dataset; instead, it is a management information system that handles health data, making it an infrastructure rather than a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate. Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 751, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "PPHI refers to an organization (Provincial Health Information System) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other indicators", + "refers to a management system rather than a dataset", + "described as responsible for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, PPHI is clearly identified as the Provincial Health Information System and is connected to data collection responsibilities for health indicators. While the term follows discussions related to health statistics, it is not positioned as a dataset itself but rather as a source of data collection or management structure. The potential confusion for the extraction model likely arises from the context in which PPHI is mentioned; it appears close to quantitative indicators and is discussed in a way that might suggest it is part of the data source ecosystem. However, it is clear that it serves as a framework/system rather than a specific set of structured data records. A model might misinterpret organizational names linked to data projects as datasets themselves, especially when they are listed with indicators. The delineation between a data source (like PPHI as a system) and actual datasets is subtle and can lead to misclassification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PPHI is not a dataset in this context; it is a management information system responsible for data collection rather than a specific collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate. Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1253, + 1257, + "named" + ], + [ + 25, + 36, + "HMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation in health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a health information system", + "not presented as a specific dataset", + "integrated into DHIS (2)", + "described in project monitoring context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'HMIS' is integrated into a broader context of health information systems, specifically as part of a project related to monitoring and evaluation. The specific activity described here aligns more with the function of a system rather than explicitly referring to a distinct dataset. The context indicates that HMIS is a component of a wider monitoring framework, rather than a standalone dataset providing records or statistics. The phrasing indicates it operates as infrastructure or a tool within a larger health department project, thus making it less about being a dataset and more a mechanism for managing health data. The model might have been confused because 'HMIS' looks like a structured data source and follows contextual phrases that often accompany datasets; however, its description as an integrated health information system weakens its classification as a dataset. It's essential to differentiate between a system that organizes and manages data and the actual datasets that result from such systems.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as an integrated health information system that functions as part of project infrastructure, thereby not constituting a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate. Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1284, + 1288, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation in health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system", + "targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS", + "project reference", + "does not indicate a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHIS' appears to function more as a health information system rather than as a standalone dataset. The context provided mentions that targeted HMIS (Health Management Information Systems) are integrated into 'DHIS', which suggests that 'DHIS' serves as a platform or infrastructure rather than a specific collection of data used for analysis. The presence of phrases like 'bi-annual PMU Training report' and the reference to it being part of health information systems indicates a broader project or system rather than a particular dataset. This may have led the model to classify 'DHIS' as a dataset due to its prominence and structured nature; however, the specific phrasing around its usage reinforces its role as an integrated system without specifying a narrowly defined dataset attached to it. A model might have been confused due to its structured nature and the fact that it was mentioned close to concepts of data collection and reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS' is not treated as a dataset here since it is referenced solely as a system that integrates other health information systems, indicating it is more about infrastructure rather than a specific set of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "The World Bank Pakistan: Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 34 of 47 teachers trained using scripted lessons; ( c ) boundary wall and functional toilets; ( d ) desk and chair for each student; ( e ) trained PTSMCs meeting regularly and endorsing monthly teacher attendance ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Targeted HFs having majority of essential medicines for RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted HFs having > 75 percent of essential RMNCHN medicines. Bi \u2010 annual Health institutional database Self \u2010 reported data Health Department, HMIS, PPHI Absenteeism among key staff to provide RMNCHN services Percentage of key staff present at HFs during duty time to provide RMNCHN services. Baseline is a preliminary estimate. Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1385, + 1389, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi \u2010 annual Real time monitoring system Administrative data Health Department, PMU Targeted health care providers with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services Percentage of targeted staff with minimum knowledge and competencies in RMNCHN services. Bi \u2010 annual PMU Training report Health Department, PMU Targeted HMIS digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ) Cumulative number of RMNCHN relevant health information systems digitally integrated into DHIS ( 2 ).", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation in health services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a health information system", + "integrated into DHIS but not presented as a standalone dataset", + "described alongside terms like 'HMIS' which indicates a system rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'DHIS' in this context is used in conjunction with other terms that are indicative of information systems, such as 'HMIS' (Health Management Information System). This suggests that DHIS is functioning as an overarching system that integrates health information sources rather than representing a collection of data records. Although the preceding text lists various health metrics, it does not frame DHIS as a distinct dataset in this instance, instead indicating that it serves as a platform for managing health information. The potential for confusion arises because DHIS is capitalized and could be interpreted as a proper name; however, its description here aligns more with infrastructure than with a specific dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHIS is better interpreted as a health information system rather than a dataset, as it is integrated into other systems and functions as a management platform rather than a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "Annual DHIS ( 2 ) Administrative data Health Department, HMIS, PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 7, + 11, + "named" + ], + [ + 18, + 37, + "DHIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 38, + 55, + "DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 63, + 66, + "DHIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual DHIS ( 2 ) Administrative data Health Department, HMIS, PMU", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "DHIS refers to a health information system that collects and manages administrative health data, making it a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of 'Administrative data'", + "not explicitly described as a primary data source", + "enumerated alongside other health management systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'DHIS' appeared shortly after 'Administrative data' and was listed alongside other health management systems (HMIS, PMU). While DHIS is known as a health information system, which does manage data, the text does not explicitly state that it is being used as a dataset or primary data source for analysis. Instead, it's more likely serving as a reference to the system that facilitates the collection and management of data. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to the context in which it was mentioned \u2013 close to terms related to data and health management, suggesting its significance in data handling. The ambiguity lies in the understanding that while DHIS holds data, it is fundamentally a system and not a standalone dataset in this context", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'DHIS' in this context refers more to the health information system than as a concrete dataset used in analysis, as it is not explicitly described as such." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 38, + "text": "Annual DHIS ( 2 ) Administrative data Health Department, HMIS, PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 57, + 61, + "named" + ], + [ + 18, + 37, + "HMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual DHIS ( 2 ) Administrative data Health Department, HMIS, PMU", + "type": "health management information system", + "explanation": "HMIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for administrative purposes within the health department.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known systems", + "mentioned in a list with projects or programs", + "not explicitly described as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'HMIS' appears alongside other structured terms such as 'Annual DHIS' and 'PMU', which raises suspicion that it might not be highlighted as a dataset itself but rather as a system or program. While HMIS does refer to a health management information system that typically stores data, in this context, it does not explicitly indicate that it is being treated as a dataset that directly feeds data into analysis. There is no indication that the analysis directly uses data from HMIS, as might be seen with 'uses data from...' or 'based on...'. Therefore, it leans towards being perceived as an information system rather than a standalone dataset contributing records. The model may have confused it for a dataset due to its structured nature and being mentioned in the same breath as other data sources. However, without explicit indication that it serves as a primary or delve-in source of data, I classify it as not being a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a system or program that may contain data, without explicit indication that it functions as a data source in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "utility of consumption, MUC ), which is typically assumed to lie between 1 and 2. The social discount rate is the product of the GDP growth rate and the MUC, amounting to 2. 1 percent and 4. 2 percent for MUCs of 1 and 2, respectively. Table 1. 1. Social Discount Rate Calibration Parameter % Real GDP growth per capitaa 2. 01 Implied discount rate ( lower bound, MUC = 1 ) 2. 01 Implied discount rate ( upper bound, MUC = 2 ) 4. 02 Source: a. World Development Indicators ( WDI ) 7. Discounted project costs amount to US $ 17 million to US $ 18 million. The calculation of discounted project costs follows the project disbursement schedule shown in the second column of table 1. 2. 8. Project benefits are operationalized as the number of maternal, neonatal, and under \u2010 five deaths averted. The project is expected to result in improved quality and higher rates of utilization of health services and hence better health outcomes for children in their teens and the general adult population. In line with the PDO, however, this CBA focuses on improvements in the health of mothers and under \u2010 five children. Because reductions in morbidity are not accounted for ( for example, from better 66 Robinson, L. A., J. K. Hammitt, M. Cecchini, et al. 2019. Reference Case Guidelines for Benefit \u2010 Cost Analysis in Global Health and Development; Robinson, L. A., J. K. Hammitt, and L. O \u2019 Keeffe. 2018. \u201c Valuing Mortality Risk Reduction in Global Benefit \u2010 Costs Analysis. \u201d Guidelines for Benefit \u2010 Cost Analysis Project, Working Paper # 7. 67 Aart Kray. 2016. \u201c Discounting Costs and Benefits in Economic Analysis of World Bank Projects. \u201d Operations Policy and Quality Guidance Note. 68 The data are from the WDI database. No time series of GDP growth is available for Balochistan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 444, + 472, + "named" + ], + [ + 475, + 478, + "World Development Indicators <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1245, + 1249, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1390, + 1394, + "World Development Indicators <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1613, + 1623, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "02 Source: a. World Development Indicators ( WDI ) 7. Discounted project costs amount to US $ 17 million to US $ 18 million.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to global development metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as containing records", + "source attribution suggests a data usage context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'World Development Indicators' (WDI) is widely recognized as a database compiled by the World Bank that houses a wealth of structured data concerning global development metrics. This mention clearly appears in a context where it is directly referenced as a source ('02 Source: a. World Development Indicators'). The surrounding text indicates that it is providing essential data for the project mentioned. The model may have been led to extract it as a dataset primarily due to its capitalization and the phrase 'Source', which implies that it is a data source rather than just a project or tool. While WDI could be seen as part of a management information system or a platform, the clear attribution suggests its role as a dataset is appropriate here. The confusion might arise in cases where systems are mentioned but not explicitly declared as data sources, or where there is ambiguity about whether the primary function is merely to store or to also provide access to structured data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' functions as a recognized dataset reference, backed by its use as a source for data within the analysis, making it reasonable to categorize it as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "utility of consumption, MUC ), which is typically assumed to lie between 1 and 2. The social discount rate is the product of the GDP growth rate and the MUC, amounting to 2. 1 percent and 4. 2 percent for MUCs of 1 and 2, respectively. Table 1. 1. Social Discount Rate Calibration Parameter % Real GDP growth per capitaa 2. 01 Implied discount rate ( lower bound, MUC = 1 ) 2. 01 Implied discount rate ( upper bound, MUC = 2 ) 4. 02 Source: a. World Development Indicators ( WDI ) 7. Discounted project costs amount to US $ 17 million to US $ 18 million. The calculation of discounted project costs follows the project disbursement schedule shown in the second column of table 1. 2. 8. Project benefits are operationalized as the number of maternal, neonatal, and under \u2010 five deaths averted. The project is expected to result in improved quality and higher rates of utilization of health services and hence better health outcomes for children in their teens and the general adult population. In line with the PDO, however, this CBA focuses on improvements in the health of mothers and under \u2010 five children. Because reductions in morbidity are not accounted for ( for example, from better 66 Robinson, L. A., J. K. Hammitt, M. Cecchini, et al. 2019. Reference Case Guidelines for Benefit \u2010 Cost Analysis in Global Health and Development; Robinson, L. A., J. K. Hammitt, and L. O \u2019 Keeffe. 2018. \u201c Valuing Mortality Risk Reduction in Global Benefit \u2010 Costs Analysis. \u201d Guidelines for Benefit \u2010 Cost Analysis Project, Working Paper # 7. 67 Aart Kray. 2016. \u201c Discounting Costs and Benefits in Economic Analysis of World Bank Projects. \u201d Operations Policy and Quality Guidance Note. 68 The data are from the WDI database. No time series of GDP growth is available for Balochistan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1706, + 1718, + "named" + ], + [ + 1550, + 1554, + "WDI database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1613, + 1623, + "WDI database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1794, + 1812, + "WDI database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u201d Operations Policy and Quality Guidance Note. 68 The data are from the WDI database. No time series of GDP growth is available for Balochistan.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The WDI database is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to global development indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'The data are from...'", + "described as a database that stores data", + "specifically related to global development indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'WDI database' is preceded by the phrase 'The data are from', which explicitly indicates that the focus is on data sourced from this entity. This phrase serves as a strong signal that positions the WDI database as an actual dataset being referenced for analysis rather than merely a project or a system for data management. Moreover, the reference to it as a 'database' inherently suggests a collection of data that can be utilized in empirical studies, affirming the treatment of it as a dataset. While there could be some confusion due to the 'database' terminology, indicating that it possibly has functionalities typical of systems or platforms, it is contextually framed as a source of data, making it appropriate to classify it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The WDI database is treated as a dataset here because it is clearly identified as the source of data for the analysis, following a statement indicating its use in empirical research." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 39 of 47 feeding practices that decrease the prevalence of child diarrhea ), this CBA identifies only a lower bound of project benefits. Table 1. 2. Discounted Project Costs of Health Component ( current US $ ) Years Present Value 2 % Discount Rate 4 % Discount Rate 2020 2, 478, 360 2, 430, 581 2021 3, 996, 990 3, 844, 363 2022 4, 445, 516 4, 193, 332 2023 3, 622, 024 3, 350, 689 2024 3, 326, 210 3, 017, 714 Total 17, 869, 100 16, 836, 680 9. Mortality avoided is estimated based on the number of additional health services provided under the project. As a first step, utilization rates of reproductive, maternal, and child health services over the project cycle \u2014 both with and without the project \u2014 are projected. Three types of services are considered: skilled birth attendance, measles vaccination, and family planning visits. Baseline utilization data for 2017 and 2018, in the target HFs came from the Balochistan DHIS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 989, + 1005, + "named" + ], + [ + 344, + 348, + "Balochistan DHIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 650, + 720, + "Balochistan DHIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 837, + 861, + "Balochistan DHIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 912, + 937, + "Balochistan DHIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 942, + 946, + "Balochistan DHIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 951, + 955, + "Balochistan DHIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 989, + 1000, + "Balochistan DHIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1022, + 1040, + "Balochistan DHIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Three types of services are considered: skilled birth attendance, measles vaccination, and family planning visits. Baseline utilization data for 2017 and 2018, in the target HFs came from the Balochistan DHIS.", + "type": "health data system", + "explanation": "The Balochistan DHIS refers to a health data system that collects and organizes data related to health services, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'came from'", + "described as a health data system", + "used to analyze baseline utilization data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Balochistan DHIS' is described explicitly as the source of baseline utilization data for health services, with the text clearly indicating that the data used in the analysis comes from this system. Although 'Balochistan DHIS' refers to a health data informatics system, it has been positioned in a way that denotes it is used as a source of structured data records within the analysis. Therefore, it meets the criteria for being treated as a dataset. Models might confuse this term as not being a dataset due to the nature of 'DHIS' often representing a system or tool rather than a standalone dataset, but the context clearly indicates its role in this instance as the provider of analytical data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Balochistan DHIS' is a valid dataset mention since it is the specific source for baseline data used in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "To project the 2019 utilization for each service, the average over the two baseline years is used, accounting for increases in utilization due to population growth by applying to this the mean annualized, district \u2010 specific population growth rate derived from the 1998 and 2017 Pakistan censuses. 69 It is assumed that the project benefits will materialize from the second year over the period FY21 \u2013 24 and that the magnitude of impacts is expected to depend on the type of intervention that a facility receives: service utilization of facilities that will be improved within their current level of care is assumed to increase by 30 percent between FY20 and FY24, an annualized increase of 6. 8 percent. For facilities being upgraded from BHU to RHC, a fourfold increase is assumed in utilization over the project cycle, or 41 percent annually \u2014 a conservative estimate, as the catchment area of RHCs is typically 10 times that of BHUs. 10. The project is estimated to save the lives of 168 mothers and children under five ( table 1. 3 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 279, + 296, + "named" + ], + [ + 188, + 247, + "Pakistan censuses <> data description" + ], + [ + 265, + 269, + "Pakistan censuses <> reference year" + ], + [ + 274, + 278, + "Pakistan censuses <> reference year" + ], + [ + 279, + 287, + "Pakistan censuses <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To project the 2019 utilization for each service, the average over the two baseline years is used, accounting for increases in utilization due to population growth by applying to this the mean annualized, district \u2010 specific population growth rate derived from the 1998 and 2017 Pakistan censuses. 69 It is assumed that the project benefits will materialize from the second year over the period FY21 \u2013 24 and that the magnitude of impacts is expected to depend on the type of intervention that a facility receives: service utilization of facilities that will be improved within their current level of care is assumed to increase by 30 percent between FY20 and FY24, an annualized increase of 6.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to structured collections of demographic data collected during the censuses conducted in Pakistan, which are used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018derived from\u2019", + "described as demographic data collected during censuses", + "implies structured data used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Pakistan censuses' refers to the structured demographic data collected during the official census processes undertaken in Pakistan in 1998 and 2017. The phrase 'derived from the 1998 and 2017 Pakistan censuses' clearly conveys that these censuses serve as the basis for the population growth rates utilized in further analysis. This implies that the data produced from the censuses itself is being leveraged for research purposes. The extraction model may have initially identified 'Pakistan censuses' as a potential dataset because it follows phrases indicating data usage, such as 'derived from.' It encapsulates specific demographic information collected systematically, fulfilling the characteristics of a dataset. There is no indication in this text suggesting that 'Pakistan censuses' is a management information system or merely a project name; instead, it explicitly pertains to the collected data from conducted censuses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Pakistan censuses' is correctly identified as a dataset in this context because it specifically refers to structured demographic data gathered through official censuses, which is used for analytical purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The increase in service utilization is translated into deaths averted using published empirical studies; mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from the 2012 and 2017 \u2013 18 PDHS. 70 Effect sizes for the impacts of an additional skilled birth on maternal and neonatal mortality rates come from Graham, Bell, and Bullough ( 2001 ) 71 and Bhutta et al. ( 2014 ), 72 respectively. The effect size used to estimate the impact of measles vaccination on mortality of children under five is based on McGovern and Canning ( 2015 ). 73 Because their effect size is for full child vaccination, an adjustment factor of 0. 89 is applied to the share of children with 69 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2017. http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / content / block \u2010 wise \u2010 provisional \u2010 summary \u2010 results \u2010 6th \u2010 population \u2010 housing \u2010 census \u2010 2017 \u2010 january \u2010 03 \u2010 2018; for data from the 1998 and earlier censuses, see http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / sites / default / files / population_census / Administrative % 20Units. pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W. J., J. S.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 176, + 180, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 120, + "PDHS <> data description" + ], + [ + 125, + 136, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 157, + 161, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 166, + 175, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 296, + 322, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 339, + 352, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 495, + 515, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 660, + 689, + "PDHS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 709, + 713, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1073, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1139, + 1148, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1189, + 1207, + "PDHS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The increase in service utilization is translated into deaths averted using published empirical studies; mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from the 2012 and 2017 \u2013 18 PDHS. 70 Effect sizes for the impacts of an additional skilled birth on maternal and neonatal mortality rates come from Graham, Bell, and Bullough ( 2001 ) 71 and Bhutta et al.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of demographic and health data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from'", + "mentioned alongside specific years (2012 and 2017 \u2013 18)", + "described as containing demographic and health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, PDHS likely refers to the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, which is known for collecting structured demographic and health-related data through surveys. The mention of specific years (2012 and 2017 \u2013 18) indicates that this is a specific dataset that has been utilized in research for the service utilization analysis. The phrase 'mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from' directly links PDHS to the provision of relevant data, reinforcing the idea that PDHS here functions as a dataset reference. Although there may be a consideration that PDHS could also refer to a project or system, in this context, it is clearly being treated as a data source used in the analysis, which is consistent with the identification of a dataset. This might contribute to some confusion in extraction as PDHS could refer to a wider project or platform; however, due to its specific application in this text, it is appropriate to treat it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PDHS is considered a dataset in this context as it explicitly refers to a structured source of demographic and health data used to derive mortality rates." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The increase in service utilization is translated into deaths averted using published empirical studies; mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from the 2012 and 2017 \u2013 18 PDHS. 70 Effect sizes for the impacts of an additional skilled birth on maternal and neonatal mortality rates come from Graham, Bell, and Bullough ( 2001 ) 71 and Bhutta et al. ( 2014 ), 72 respectively. The effect size used to estimate the impact of measles vaccination on mortality of children under five is based on McGovern and Canning ( 2015 ). 73 Because their effect size is for full child vaccination, an adjustment factor of 0. 89 is applied to the share of children with 69 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2017. http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / content / block \u2010 wise \u2010 provisional \u2010 summary \u2010 results \u2010 6th \u2010 population \u2010 housing \u2010 census \u2010 2017 \u2010 january \u2010 03 \u2010 2018; for data from the 1998 and earlier censuses, see http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / sites / default / files / population_census / Administrative % 20Units. pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W. J., J. S.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 691, + 708, + "named" + ], + [ + 125, + 136, + "Population Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 157, + 161, + "Population Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 166, + 175, + "Population Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 660, + 689, + "Population Census <> publisher" + ], + [ + 709, + 713, + "Population Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 888, + 892, + "Population Census <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1073, + "Population Census <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "89 is applied to the share of children with 69 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2017. http: / / www.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Population Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mention of 'Population Census 2017'", + "reference to a structured collection of demographic data", + "addressed as a source for research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Population Census' is clearly used in conjunction with '2017', indicating a specific instance of the census that was likely conducted to collect demographic data. The phrase appears to function as a naming convention for a well-defined dataset that provides a systematic collection of population statistics. The model might have been confused by the term 'Census', which can refer to both the process of data collection and the data itself. However, given the empirical context, it's clear that this refers to a dataset rather than a system or project. The model likely extracted it correctly as a dataset since it serves as a definitive source of structured data used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The reference to 'Population Census 2017' is understood as a dataset here since it indicates a specific, structured collection of demographic data rather than a mere project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The increase in service utilization is translated into deaths averted using published empirical studies; mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from the 2012 and 2017 \u2013 18 PDHS. 70 Effect sizes for the impacts of an additional skilled birth on maternal and neonatal mortality rates come from Graham, Bell, and Bullough ( 2001 ) 71 and Bhutta et al. ( 2014 ), 72 respectively. The effect size used to estimate the impact of measles vaccination on mortality of children under five is based on McGovern and Canning ( 2015 ). 73 Because their effect size is for full child vaccination, an adjustment factor of 0. 89 is applied to the share of children with 69 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2017. http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / content / block \u2010 wise \u2010 provisional \u2010 summary \u2010 results \u2010 6th \u2010 population \u2010 housing \u2010 census \u2010 2017 \u2010 january \u2010 03 \u2010 2018; for data from the 1998 and earlier censuses, see http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / sites / default / files / population_census / Administrative % 20Units. pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W. J., J. S.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1059, + 1063, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 120, + "PDHS <> data description" + ], + [ + 125, + 136, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 157, + 161, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 166, + 175, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 296, + 322, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 339, + 352, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 495, + 515, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 660, + 689, + "PDHS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 709, + 713, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1073, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1139, + 1148, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1189, + 1207, + "PDHS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of demographic and health data used for research and analysis in Pakistan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'are used since no maternal mortality data is available from'", + "described with specific years indicating a time-referenced dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context of this excerpt, 'PDHS' is referred to in association with maternal mortality rates and given specific years (2012-13 and 2017-18), which implies that it contains structured health data relevant to the study. The mention clearly ties the PDHS data to maternal mortality indicators, which supports the idea that 'PDHS' refers to specific datasets. Although the term could possibly refer to a broader project or system (like a health survey initiative) that collects this data, the phrase structure emphasizes its use as a direct source of numerical data for analysis in this context. The model might have been confused if it only considered the term as a project name without recognizing the use context that specifies the report's role in providing numerical indicators, thus aligning it more closely with a dataset rather than just a system or project reference. However, due to the specific reference to years and the application to maternal mortality rates, it ultimately behaves as a dataset mention here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS' is treated as a dataset because it is used directly to reference maternal mortality rates from specific years, indicating that it encapsulates structured data relevant to the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The increase in service utilization is translated into deaths averted using published empirical studies; mortality rates for Balochistan were taken from the 2012 and 2017 \u2013 18 PDHS. 70 Effect sizes for the impacts of an additional skilled birth on maternal and neonatal mortality rates come from Graham, Bell, and Bullough ( 2001 ) 71 and Bhutta et al. ( 2014 ), 72 respectively. The effect size used to estimate the impact of measles vaccination on mortality of children under five is based on McGovern and Canning ( 2015 ). 73 Because their effect size is for full child vaccination, an adjustment factor of 0. 89 is applied to the share of children with 69 Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. Population Census 2017. http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / content / block \u2010 wise \u2010 provisional \u2010 summary \u2010 results \u2010 6th \u2010 population \u2010 housing \u2010 census \u2010 2017 \u2010 january \u2010 03 \u2010 2018; for data from the 1998 and earlier censuses, see http: / / www. pbs. gov. pk / sites / default / files / population_census / Administrative % 20Units. pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W. J., J. S.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1134, + 1138, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 120, + "PDHS <> data description" + ], + [ + 125, + 136, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 157, + 161, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 166, + 175, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 296, + 322, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 339, + 352, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 495, + 515, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 660, + 689, + "PDHS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1073, + "PDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1139, + 1148, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1189, + 1207, + "PDHS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "pdf. 70 Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used since no maternal mortality data is available from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. 71 Graham, W.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of demographic and health data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018maternal mortality rates from\u2019", + "indicates a specific time frame of data collection", + "used in analysis context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'PDHS' refers to the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, which is known for its structured collection of health and demographic data. The phrase 'Maternal mortality rates from PDHS 2012 \u2013 13 are used' clearly indicates that the data being analyzed is specifically derived from the PDHS surveys, thus treating PDHS as a dataset. This is supported by the temporal reference (2012-13) that pinpoints a subset of data rather than all output from PDHS as a program or system. Although PDHS could be confusing because it encompasses both a project and the data it collects, the specific framing here delineates its role as a source of direct quantitative information, defaulting to the meaning of dataset in this analysis context. The model may have confused it with a broader project or system due to its name-based appearance and cut-off phrasing, but context clarifies its dataset role here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PDHS' functions as a dataset in this context since it specifically refers to the structured demographic and health data that is used in the analysis of maternal mortality rates." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "Bell, and C. H. Bullough. 2001. Can Skilled Attendance at Delivery Reduce Maternal Mortality in Developing Countries? Safe Motherhood Strategies: A Review of the Evidence. 72 Bhutta, Z. A., J. K. Das, R. Bahl, et al. 2014. \" Can Available Interventions End Preventable Deaths in Mothers, Newborn Babies, and Stillbirths, and At What Cost? \" The Lancet 384 ( 9940 ): 347 \u2013 370. 73 McGovern, M. E., and D. Canning. 2015. \u201c Vaccination and All \u2010 cause Child Mortality from 1985 to 2011: Global Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys. \u201d American Journal of Epidemiology 182 ( 9 ): 791 \u2013 798. doi: 10. 1093 / aje / kwv125.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 509, + 539, + "named" + ], + [ + 380, + 395, + "Demographic and Health Surveys <> author" + ], + [ + 401, + 411, + "Demographic and Health Surveys <> author" + ], + [ + 413, + 417, + "Demographic and Health Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 470, + 482, + "Demographic and Health Surveys <> reference year" + ], + [ + 543, + 575, + "Demographic and Health Surveys <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2015. \u201c Vaccination and All \u2010 cause Child Mortality from 1985 to 2011: Global Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys. \u201d American Journal of Epidemiology 182 ( 9 ): 791 \u2013 798.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Surveys are structured collections of data used for research and analysis on health and population metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "published reference indicating empirical research using this data", + "popularly recognized collection of health and demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Surveys' refers to a specific collection of structured data regarding health and population metrics. The phrasing suggests it is used as a data source for empirical research, particularly in the referenced publication in the American Journal of Epidemiology. This collection is widely recognized in research circles as a dataset that provides valuable insights and statistical analysis on health interventions and demographic trends. A model might have been confused by the potential for it to sound like a project or system, given that it is a comprehensive initiative often linked to various studies; however, its reputation as a stand-alone dataset that researchers draw upon suggests it should indeed be categorized as such here rather than just a project or MIS. The context from the citation reinforces its role as a data source in the analysis described in the reference article.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Demographic and Health Surveys' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its established role in empirical research and its identification as a structured set of health and demographic data that underpins studies." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 40 of 47 measles vaccination in Balochistan who are fully vaccinated. 74 Data on under \u2010 five mortality comes from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. The impact of additional family planning visits on maternal mortality is based on the maternal mortality effect of modern contraceptive use estimated by Ahmed et al. ( 2012 ). 75 It is assumed that 50 percent of family planning visits to the project facilities result in modern contraceptive use. An adjustment factor is applied throughout to account for crowding out of formal private health care services, assuming that 95 percent of the additional benefits in project facilities would have occurred in the absence of the project. Table 1. 3. Estimated Lives Saved over the Project Cycle Years Neonatal Under \u2010 5 Maternal Total 2020 0 0 0 0 2021 7 17 5 29 2022 8 22 7 36 2023 9 28 9 45 2024 10 37 11 58 Total 33 103 32 168 11. Lives saved by the project are converted into monetary terms using the concept of VSL, that is, individuals \u2019 willingness to pay for small changes in their likelihood of dying in a certain time frame, considering their budgetary constraints. These are then converted into a population \u2010 level value of a decrease in expected number of deaths \u2014 the so \u2010 called VSL.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 192, + 206, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 40 of 47 measles vaccination in Balochistan who are fully vaccinated. 74 Data on under \u2010 five mortality comes from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18. The impact of additional family planning visits on maternal mortality is based on the maternal mortality effect of modern contraceptive use estimated by Ahmed et al.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS 2017-18 refers to the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'comes from'", + "enumerated alongside known data indicators", + "described in context as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS 2017 \u2013 18' clearly refers to the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, which is a comprehensive dataset focused on demographic and health indicators. The phrase 'Data on under-five mortality comes from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18' indicates that this term is being specifically identified as a source of data, thereby behaving as a dataset in this case. The context suggests that it is not merely a project name, an information system, or a tool \u2014 it directly references a survey known for housing structured data, which aligns with the requirements for it to be treated as a true dataset. Potential confusion might arise from the survey name resembling a project or information system title, but the explicit language surrounding its use clarifies its role as a dataset. Thus, the extracted term should be treated as a valid dataset mention here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PDHS 2017 \u2013 18' refers to a specific dataset\u2014the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey\u2014used as a source of structured data, hence it is correctly classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "CBA for Component 1: Improving Health Services Benefits, Present Value US $, current Costs, Present Value US $, current BCR NPV US $ Years 2 % 4 % 2 % 4 % 2 % 4 % 2 % 4 % 2020 0 0 2, 478, 360 2, 430, 581 0. 00 0. 00 \u2212 2, 478, 360 \u2212 2, 430, 581 2021 4, 078, 067 3, 922, 345 3, 996, 990 3, 844, 363 1. 02 1. 02 81, 077 77, 981 2022 4, 945, 713 4, 665, 155 4, 445, 516 4, 193, 332 1. 11 1. 11 500, 197 471, 822 2023 6, 115, 487 5, 657, 361 3, 622, 024 3, 350, 689 1. 69 1. 69 2, 493, 463 2, 306, 672 2024 7, 702, 585 6, 988, 195 3, 326, 210 3, 017, 714 2. 32 2. 32 4, 376, 375 3, 970, 480 Total 22, 841, 852 21, 233, 055 17, 869, 100 16, 836, 680 1. 28 1. 26 4, 972, 753 4, 396, 375 74 Data on the relationship of measles and full vaccination come from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18 75 Ahmed, S., Q. Li, L. Liu, and A. O. Tsui. 2012. \u201c: Maternal Deaths Averted by Contraceptive Use: An Analysis of 172 Countries. \u201d The Lancet 380 ( 9837 ): 111 \u2013 125. 76 Rafiq, M., and M. K. Shah. 2010. \u201c The Value of Reduced Risk of Injury and Deaths in Pakistan \u2014 Using Actual and Perceived Risk Estimates. \u201d The Pakistan Development Review 49 ( 4 ): 823 \u2013 837.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 750, + 754, + "named" + ], + [ + 755, + 764, + "PDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 779, + 784, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 786, + 792, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 798, + 808, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 819, + 863, + "PDHS <> data description" + ], + [ + 951, + 961, + "PDHS <> author" + ], + [ + 1021, + 1029, + "PDHS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "28 1. 26 4, 972, 753 4, 396, 375 74 Data on the relationship of measles and full vaccination come from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18 75 Ahmed, S. , Q.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PDHS refers to a structured collection of data related to health and demographic information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'comes from'", + "explicitly linked to data on vaccination", + "described in the context of providing statistical information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context of this mention, 'PDHS' references the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey, which is known to provide structured and definitive data about health and demographic statistics. The phrase 'data on the relationship of measles and full vaccination come from PDHS 2017 \u2013 18' explicitly indicates that this source is being used for data collection. The strength of this statement lies in the 'comes from,' which implies that the PDHS is not merely a tool, platform, or project; it is being directly attributed as the data source for the findings discussed. A model might be confused if it did not recognize that PDHS has been established as a recognized dataset, as it could mistakenly view it as a system if it listed similar systems in other contexts or if previous contexts led to a misunderstanding of PDHS's role. However, due to the explicit context provided, it aligns more accurately with a dataset interpretation here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, PDHS is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly stated that the data on vaccine relationships comes from this source, linking it directly to structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "051_Pakistan-Balochistan-Human-Capital-Investment-Project", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Balochistan Human Capital Investment Project ( P166308 ) Page 41 of 47 Education Component CBA 13. The project is estimated to generate a total of 22, 550 additional years of schooling by increasing the number of children enrolled in project schools by 10 percent annual growth rate and the school completion rate, that is, the share of students enrolled in grade 1 of a school level who graduate from it, by 40 percent. In the absence of longitudinal data to estimate current completion rates, the CBA is limited to the benefits of additional years of schooling due to the project \u2019 s impact on school enrollment. The sex and grade distribution of students in each project district from Balochistan \u2019 s EMIS is used to determine the share of girls and boys in each grade among the 18, 000 students currently enrolled. Assuming no impact in the first project year, the number of additional boys and girls enrolled in each grade for each year in FY21 \u2013 FY24 is then estimated using the targeted annual growth rate of enrollment ( table 1. 5 ). Table 1. 5.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 719, + 723, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 634, + 672, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 703, + 714, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In the absence of longitudinal data to estimate current completion rates, the CBA is limited to the benefits of additional years of schooling due to the project \u2019 s impact on school enrollment. The sex and grade distribution of students in each project district from Balochistan \u2019 s EMIS is used to determine the share of girls and boys in each grade among the 18, 000 students currently enrolled. Assuming no impact in the first project year, the number of additional boys and girls enrolled in each grade for each year in FY21 \u2013 FY24 is then estimated using the targeted annual growth rate of enrollment ( table 1.", + "type": "education data", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to the Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data related to student enrollment and demographics used for analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018used to determine the share of girls and boys\u2019", + "described as a management information system", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to the Education Management Information System, which is defined as a structured tool or system. While it provides access to data regarding school enrollment and demographics, the text does not imply that EMIS itself is presenting data directly for analysis but rather that the data within the system is used for computation. The phrase 'used to determine the share of girls and boys' highlights how EMIS is functioning in the role of providing data support rather than existing as a distinct dataset. The distinction becomes clearer when evaluating how the text interacts with this term, making it evident that it represents a tool rather than a standalone dataset. Therefore, the initial misclassification by the model could stem from the capitalized nature of EMIS, which resembles a proper noun in datasets, particularly when it follows language suggesting data usage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is not treated as a concrete dataset but as a management information system that contains data; thus, it's not considered a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 7 of 40 2020. The IMF has already forecasted an overall economic stagnation in 2020 in Sudan. GDP is expected to decrease between 4-10 percent in 2020 due to the combined impact of the economic crisis exacerbated by the social distancing measures to curb the spread of COVID-19. Slowing growth and COVID-19 policy responses will have a significant negative impact on government revenue. Slowing activity will automatically translate into lower levels of tax and other government revenue collection. The combined effect on government revenues is projected to be significant. 6. Poverty reduction stagnated in 2018 mainly due to weak economic growth, political and macroeconomic instability and the shortage of essential food items such as bread. According to the most recent official estimates of poverty based on the 2014 / 15 National Household Budget and Poverty Survey ( NHBPS ), 36. 1 percent of Sudanese population ( or 13. 4 million people ) are poor. However, the overall / national poverty rate masks wide disparities across Sudan \u2019 s 18 states. For example, Central Darfur State in western Sudan recorded the highest rate of poverty ( 67. 2 percent ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 907, + 951, + "named" + ], + [ + 167, + 172, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 897, + 906, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 954, + 959, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 980, + 999, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1147, + 1167, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty reduction stagnated in 2018 mainly due to weak economic growth, political and macroeconomic instability and the shortage of essential food items such as bread. According to the most recent official estimates of poverty based on the 2014 / 15 National Household Budget and Poverty Survey ( NHBPS ), 36. 1 percent of Sudanese population ( or 13.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Household Budget and Poverty Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess poverty levels and household budgets in Sudan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as 'official estimates of poverty'", + "used to assess poverty levels and household budgets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Household Budget and Poverty Survey' is discussed in relation to official estimates of poverty, which implies it provides concrete data on household budgets and poverty levels. The phrase 'based on' suggests that the survey is a foundational source of data for the analysis, which typically aligns with how datasets are utilized in research. While there's a possibility that this term could refer to a project or system due to its formal nature, the explicit link to poverty estimates indicates it functions as a dataset here. Therefore, it behaves largely as an actual dataset rather than merely as a system or project. The model might have been confused by its formal naming structure, making it easy to misclassify without context, but the reference to estimates and analysis clarifies its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the 'National Household Budget and Poverty Survey' is considered a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as the source for obtaining poverty estimates, indicating it contains structured data relevant to the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 8 of 40 10. Despite recent progress in student enrollments, the education sector suffers from multiple challenges: ( i ) low and unequal levels of access and completion; ( ii ) low and stagnant student learning outcomes; ( iii ) poor education system management; ( iv ) inadequate learning environments; and ( v ) low level of public spending on education and significant contributions from households. In Sudan, the school system is also currently severely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, with all education institutes closed since March 14, 2020. An estimated 6. 2 million students are out of school due to the lockdown ( Annual School Census, 2018 ). If this situation is permitted to continue unabated, it could have profound, long-term negative impacts on the country ' s development. Low and unequal levels of access and completion 11. Sudan has not managed to cope with the increased demand for education imposed by the high population growth hence the overall level of access to basic education in Sudan has been stagnant over the past decade. GER has been stagnant and low compared to other comparator countries: 72 percent ( 2008 / 09 ) and 73 percent ( 2016 / 17 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 707, + 727, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 486, + 491, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 729, + 733, + "Annual School Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 925, + 930, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1089, + 1094, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1218, + 1227, + "Annual School Census <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "An estimated 6. 2 million students are out of school due to the lockdown ( Annual School Census, 2018 ). If this situation is permitted to continue unabated, it could have profound, long-term negative impacts on the country ' s development.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Annual School Census is a structured collection of data related to school enrollments and education statistics in Sudan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside a known dataset", + "followed by a year indicating a specific data collection", + "context mentions statistics and records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Annual School Census' is treated as a dataset. The mention follows a statistic regarding students out of school, and the citation to the year (2018) implies that there was a systematic collection of data during that annual census. The phrase 'Annual School Census' suggests that it is a structured collection of data, as is typical with census projects, which focus on gathering comprehensive data on the target population. Although it could be interpreted as a project name or a management information system, the context strongly indicates that it refers to specific data collected regarding school enrollments and education statistics, hence supporting its classification as a dataset. The potential for confusion arises due to its formal designation, which may present it as an organized initiative or project, but the overall context presents it clearly as data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Annual School Census' is treated as a dataset because it refers to structured collection of education statistics, evidenced by the mention of student counts and the usage of a specific year." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "According to the data from 2014 / 15 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ( MICS ), Net Enrollment Rate ( NER ) is 69 percent with NER for boys 2 percentage points higher compared to girls ( 70 and 68 percent, respectively ). While girls \u2019 and boys \u2019 Grade 1 enrollment rates in urban areas are similar, male Grade 1 enrollment rates in rural areas are six percentage points higher than those for girls. Grade 8 enrollment rates are in favor of boys, and the gap is especially evident in rural areas. Figure 1: Primary education enrollment rates Access to basic education in Sudan at the beginning and end of the cycle in Sudan by gender, location, and wealth quintile ( 2014 ) Primary education GER in 2016 or the latest available, selected countries Source: Authors \u2019 estimates based on MICS2014 / 15. Source: Authors on UNESCO UIS data. 12. Socioeconomic disparities in basic education are large. While Grade 1 enrollment rates for the wealthiest fifth of households were universal, only 81 percent of children in the poorest fifth of households were enrolled. This socioeconomic gap in primary access widens by the end of the education cycle. Only 34 percent of children from the poorest quintile reach the last grade of primary education compared to 94 percent of children from the wealthiest quintile. The socioeconomic disparities further translate into access to secondary education: only 9 percent of 98 82 92 55 96 77 86 46 Grade 1 Grade 8 Grade 1 Grade 8 Urban Rural Boys Girls 81 34 100 94 Grade 1 Grade 8 Bottom 20 % Top 20 % 73 81 91 99 100 102 102 105 106 119 131 139 Sudan Tanzania Burkina Faso Zimbabwe Uganda Ethiopia Zambia Kenya Mozambique Cameroon Burundi Malawi", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 37, + 70, + "named" + ], + [ + 27, + 36, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 73, + 77, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 81, + 100, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 572, + 577, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 619, + 624, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 757, + 764, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 809, + 816, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 820, + 826, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1580, + 1585, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to the data from 2014 / 15 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ( MICS ), Net Enrollment Rate ( NER ) is 69 percent with NER for boys 2 percentage points higher compared to girls ( 70 and 68 percent, respectively ). While girls \u2019 and boys \u2019 Grade 1 enrollment rates in urban areas are similar, male Grade 1 enrollment rates in rural areas are six percentage points higher than those for girls.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically in the context of monitoring and evaluating the situation of children and women.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to the data from'", + "described as a survey collecting indicators", + "enumerated in the context of presenting statistical findings" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS)' clearly refers to a structured collection of data used to generate specific statistical indicators (e.g., Net Enrollment Rate). The phrase 'according to the data from' indicates that this survey serves as a primary source for the presented statistics. Although it could be misconstrued as a project or system due to the term 'Survey,' the context showcases it as a source that provides measurable and analyzable data that contributes vital insights into educational enrollment rates. The model might have been confused by the terminology or the general understanding of surveys as project-related data collections, leading it to consider this as a potentially ambiguous mention. However, the clear use in statistical reporting solidifies it as an actual dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey is treated as a dataset here because it serves as the primary data source for the stated educational metrics, supported by explicit phrasing related to data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "An analysis of enrollment in 20171 illustrates the large volume of pupils entering Grade 1 gradually shrinks while moving to upper grades due to drop out. In general, boys are more likely to drop out than girls. For example, 48 percent of boys enrolled in Grade 1 are likely to reach Grade 8 compared to 53 percent of girls. Anecdotal evidence suggests that high drop out of male pupils is associated with the high opportunity cost of attending school, which includes the cost of not working in the household, while female pupils drop out due to early marriage. 15. The number of out-of-school-children ( OOSC ) is striking: approximately three million school-age children are not in the education system. While 52 percent of those children had never attended school, 48 percent quit. The majority of OOSC ( 77 percent ) are 6 - to 13-year-olds, i. e. basic school-age. The system still has late entry until 11 years, with children who do not attend school before turning 12 are likely not to attend ever. According to the results of the National Household Budget and Poverty Survey ( NHBPS ) conducted in 2014 / 15, the main reasons for not attending school for children between the age of 6 and 15 are high costs ( mentioned by 20 percent of respondents ), distance to schools ( 14 percent ), and the need for the child to support the family ( 6 percent ) ( World Bank, 2018 ). There is a significant risk that OOSC will increase further when schools reopen again post COVID-19. 1 Education Sector Analysis, 2018.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1038, + 1082, + "named" + ], + [ + 1085, + 1090, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1106, + 1115, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1163, + 1199, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1204, + 1214, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1303, + 1343, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1360, + 1370, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1372, + 1376, + "National Household Budget and Poverty Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The system still has late entry until 11 years, with children who do not attend school before turning 12 are likely not to attend ever. According to the results of the National Household Budget and Poverty Survey ( NHBPS ) conducted in 2014 / 15, the main reasons for not attending school for children between the age of 6 and 15 are high costs ( mentioned by 20 percent of respondents ), distance to schools ( 14 percent ), and the need for the child to support the family ( 6 percent ) ( World Bank, 2018 ). There is a significant risk that OOSC will increase further when schools reopen again post COVID-19.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Household Budget and Poverty Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze household budgets and poverty levels, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to the results of...'", + "referred to as a survey, which implies data collection", + "context discusses findings based on survey data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Household Budget and Poverty Survey' refers to a specific survey from which empirical data is derived. It is mentioned in conjunction with results and statistics related to education barriers, indicating that it serves as a reliable data source for analysis. The phrase 'According to the results of...' serves as a strong indicator of the dataset's role in the context provided. Although the term does represent a structured collection of data\u2014characteristics of a dataset\u2014it is still worth noting that such surveys might sometimes be seen as projects or systems that collect data. However, due to the explicit reference to results and statistics derived from it, I conclude that it is indeed functioning as a dataset in this context. Potential confusion may arise if similar terms used in different contexts are not clearly identified as data sources due to varying representations, but here it is clear.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Household Budget and Poverty Survey' acts as a concrete dataset mention in this context, as it is explicitly referred to in relation to statistical results and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 10 of 40 Figure 2: Enrollment pyramid and share of illiterate pupils Source: Education Sector Analysis, 2018. Source: http: / / www. earlygradereadingbarometer. org / Low and stagnant learning outcomes 16. Learning outcomes in Sudan schools are generally low. According to the National Learning Assessment ( NLA ) conducted in 2015 for Grade 3 pupils, the results were low in all domains of the assessment: reading, writing, and numeracy. For example, only 5 percent of pupils could read fluently ( more than 60 words per minute ) in Arabic, and 40 percent were not able to read at all. Furthermore, the assessment of reading speed among third graders indicated an average speed of 15 words per minute, which is far below the estimated minimum reading speed of 40 words per minute thought to be necessary to gain understanding of and meaning from the text. However, Sudan \u2019 s third graders did better in listening and comprehension compared to pupils from other Arabic Countries. 17. There is sign of slight improvements in learning outcomes at the national level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 357, + 385, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 307, + 312, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 388, + 391, + "National Learning Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 407, + 411, + "National Learning Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 416, + 430, + "National Learning Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 684, + 731, + "National Learning Assessment <> data description" + ], + [ + 946, + 951, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Learning outcomes in Sudan schools are generally low. According to the National Learning Assessment ( NLA ) conducted in 2015 for Grade 3 pupils, the results were low in all domains of the assessment: reading, writing, and numeracy. For example, only 5 percent of pupils could read fluently ( more than 60 words per minute ) in Arabic, and 40 percent were not able to read at all.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The National Learning Assessment is a structured collection of data regarding the learning outcomes of Grade 3 pupils in Sudan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an assessment that measures learning outcomes", + "provides data on specific metrics (reading, writing, numeracy) for Grade 3 pupils", + "clearly presents results indicating structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Learning Assessment' is presented as a systematic evaluation of educational outcomes for Grade 3 pupils in Sudan. The phrase 'conducted in 2015 for Grade 3 pupils' implies that it is more than just a project or system; rather, it suggests a structured assessment yielding specific data points about learning outcomes. It directly discusses the results of the assessment indicating numerical data about literacy and numeracy skills. The context does not suggest it is merely a name of a project or a system, but rather that it encapsulates a specific assessment that generates quantifiable results, which aligns with the definition of a dataset. The confusion might arise from the potential interpretation of it being a project name, but given the explicit mention of results and outcomes, it more appropriately fits the dataset classification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Learning Assessment is considered a dataset in this context because it is a structured assessment that captures specific measurable learning outcomes, rather than merely being a project name or information system." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The States with support from the Project Coordination Unit ( PCU ) will be responsible for capacity building at the community level ( empowerment, inclusion, gender sensitivity, school safety ) \u2013 train the localities and prepare them to perform their role in overseeing implementation of the school grants. The PCU will assess capacity of localities and schools in in participatory planning and monitoring of school results. 37. Key activities will include: \u2022 Assessing capacity of localities and schools in in participatory planning and monitoring of school results; \u2022 Training of school heads and PTAs in participatory planning and monitoring of school results, including learning; \u2022 Training of locality supervisors to provide support to schools as needed; and \u2022 Providing grants to schools to improve learning environments. 38. Selection of intervention schools: The project will target all public primary schools in Sudan. Rich school - level data obtained from the School Census in 2015-2019 with support from the BERP will be used for the targeting of project beneficiaries ( figure 4 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 971, + 984, + "named" + ], + [ + 33, + 58, + "School Census <> author" + ], + [ + 895, + 917, + "School Census <> reference population" + ], + [ + 921, + 926, + "School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 933, + 952, + "School Census <> data type" + ], + [ + 988, + 997, + "School Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1020, + 1024, + "School Census <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Selection of intervention schools: The project will target all public primary schools in Sudan. Rich school - level data obtained from the School Census in 2015-2019 with support from the BERP will be used for the targeting of project beneficiaries ( figure 4 ).", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The School Census refers to a structured collection of data regarding schools, which is used for targeting project beneficiaries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'obtained from'", + "described as providing school-level data", + "implies a structured collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'School Census' refers to a systematic collection of data regarding schools over a specified time frame (2015-2019) that is being explicitly utilized for a project targeting beneficiaries. The term follows 'obtained from', indicating that it is the source of data for the analysis. Although it could also be perceived as part of a broader management information system, the specific phrasing and use in the project implies that it serves the role of a dataset by providing structured records about the schools involved. The contextual clues, particularly the use of the phrase 'school-level data' and the support for targeting beneficiaries, strongly indicate that it is meant to be interpreted as a dataset rather than merely an operational or project platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'School Census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it serves as a source of structured school-level data utilized for targeting beneficiaries in the project." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 16 of 40 Figure 4: Heat map of Sudan \u2019 s basic education schools Source: Based on 2018 / 19 School Census using Arcgis software. 39. Component 2 Program coordination and management ( US $ 0. 3 million ). This component will support the Federal Ministry of Educaiton ( MoE ) in overall program coordination, monitoring and evaluation. The PCU will cover functions such as planning, procurement, financial management, environmental and social safeguards and monitoring and evaluation. Technical experts will be mobilized as necessary. The PCU will monitor the progress by collecting and analyzing school-level data under the the Annual School Census. C. Project Beneficiaries 40. Primary beneficiaries are schoolchildren, teachers, and parents. Approximately 5. 4 million students will benefit from the project through provision of school grants. Communities in targeted areas will also benefit from enhance participatory school management.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 162, + 185, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 16 of 40 Figure 4: Heat map of Sudan \u2019 s basic education schools Source: Based on 2018 / 19 School Census using Arcgis software. 39.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2018/19 School Census is a structured collection of data regarding schools in Sudan, used for analysis and monitoring in the context of education.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "explicitly described as a census", + "implies a structured collection of educational data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, '2018 / 19 School Census' is clearly referenced as a source of data utilized in the analysis presented in the document. The phrase 'Based on 2018 / 19 School Census' indicates that it directly informs findings about education in Sudan, suggesting that it is indeed treated as a dataset. The use of 'census' also typically denotes systematic collection of structured data about schools, reinforcing the idea that it functions as a legitimate dataset rather than just a project title or an information system. The earlier conclusion that it is a dataset aligns with the contextual cues present in the reference.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the '2018 / 19 School Census' is treated as a dataset because it is referenced as a source of analysis, indicating that it contains structured educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 16 of 40 Figure 4: Heat map of Sudan \u2019 s basic education schools Source: Based on 2018 / 19 School Census using Arcgis software. 39. Component 2 Program coordination and management ( US $ 0. 3 million ). This component will support the Federal Ministry of Educaiton ( MoE ) in overall program coordination, monitoring and evaluation. The PCU will cover functions such as planning, procurement, financial management, environmental and social safeguards and monitoring and evaluation. Technical experts will be mobilized as necessary. The PCU will monitor the progress by collecting and analyzing school-level data under the the Annual School Census. C. Project Beneficiaries 40. Primary beneficiaries are schoolchildren, teachers, and parents. Approximately 5. 4 million students will benefit from the project through provision of school grants. Communities in targeted areas will also benefit from enhance participatory school management.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 707, + 727, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Annual School Census <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 111, + 116, + "Annual School Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 162, + 185, + "Annual School Census <> reference year" + ], + [ + 784, + 798, + "Annual School Census <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Technical experts will be mobilized as necessary. The PCU will monitor the progress by collecting and analyzing school-level data under the the Annual School Census. C.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Annual School Census is a structured collection of data related to schools, used for monitoring and evaluation in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'collecting and analyzing school-level data under the Annual School Census'", + "described as a structured collection of data related to schools" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Annual School Census' appears to function as the primary vehicle for collecting school-level data. The phrase 'collecting and analyzing school-level data under the Annual School Census' suggests that this term is referring to a formalized dataset created to capture educational statistics from schools. It is mentioned in relation to data collection and analysis, indicating that it serves as a direct source for the data being evaluated. While it could also imply a system or project, the wording emphasizes its role in data accumulation rather than as a mere system infrastructure. The model may have been confused because 'Census' can imply an organized system, but the context strongly indicates it is being used as a dataset in this analysis, focusing on the structured data it encompasses, rather than just a project name or system. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Annual School Census' is treated as a dataset here because it is described as a structure for collecting and analyzing school-level data, which suggests its role as a concrete data source in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "Table A3-1: Access, enrollment, and completion rates in basic education in Sudan Sudan Urban Rural Net entry rate ( 6-year-olds ) * 82. 8 % 90. 4 % 79. 9 % NER ( 6-13-year-olds ) * 69. 1 % 85. 8 % 62. 6 % GER ( 6-13-year-olds ) * 73. 3 % 88. 0 % 67. 4 % Grade 4 survival rate * * 84. 7 % 97. 7 % 76. 8 % Grade 6 survival rate * * 66. 6 % 83. 3 % 56. 5 % Grade 8 survival rate * * 49. 3 % 68. 2 % 37. 8 % Completion rate ( 13-year-olds ) * 55. 0 % 58. 2 % 52. 6 % Source: authors \u2019 estimates based on the data from Sudan MICS 2014 * and School Census 2018 * * 3. About seven percent of people never attended school in 2014. Real access increased by eight percentage points from 85 percent in 2009 to 93 percent in 2014. Access at age six increased by 30 percentage points from 40 percent in 2009 to 70 percent in 2014. The increase is driven by an increase in access among the bottom-40 percent of the population. System demonstrated growth between 2009 and 2014 with late entry remaining constant at 11 years. Those who are not ever attended school at age 11 will never attend. 4. The poor retention rate in basic education comes from a lack of school demand, in particular, among the poorest. Economic difficulties and behavior such as early marriage, pregnancy, and economic hardships explain the fragility of school demand. The lack of supply ( overcrowded classrooms, \u2018 open-air \u2019 or temporary classrooms, and incomplete schools ) also negatively effects retention rates. According to the School Census data, 16 percent of students are enrolled in a school that does not provide full course of basic education cycle ( 8 grades ). In addition, these students are likely to drop out before completion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 514, + 529, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 % 52. 6 % Source: authors \u2019 estimates based on the data from Sudan MICS 2014 * and School Census 2018 * * 3. About seven percent of people never attended school in 2014.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in Sudan in 2014, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in education.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on data from'", + "described as a survey that collects data", + "explicitly mentioned in a statistical context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Sudan MICS 2014' is clearly referenced as a source of data that the authors used for their estimates. The phrase 'based on the data from' signals that this term is being treated as a concrete data source rather than just an initiative or project. Considering the name 'MICS' typically refers to structured data collection methodologies, it would usually indicate a dataset containing various indicators related to children and women. The contextual phrase suggests that it holds empirical data relevant for analysis. Although 'MICS' might imply a project in some interpretations, in this case, it is referenced as a source and not merely as a project name or an information system. Therefore, it is appropriate to categorize this instance as a dataset despite potential confusion with classification as a project, especially given that it has comprehensive data records aligning with defined variables for study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The context clearly identifies 'Sudan MICS 2014' as a dataset used for empirical analysis, based upon its description as a source of data and the established nature of MICS surveys, supporting its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "Table A3-1: Access, enrollment, and completion rates in basic education in Sudan Sudan Urban Rural Net entry rate ( 6-year-olds ) * 82. 8 % 90. 4 % 79. 9 % NER ( 6-13-year-olds ) * 69. 1 % 85. 8 % 62. 6 % GER ( 6-13-year-olds ) * 73. 3 % 88. 0 % 67. 4 % Grade 4 survival rate * * 84. 7 % 97. 7 % 76. 8 % Grade 6 survival rate * * 66. 6 % 83. 3 % 56. 5 % Grade 8 survival rate * * 49. 3 % 68. 2 % 37. 8 % Completion rate ( 13-year-olds ) * 55. 0 % 58. 2 % 52. 6 % Source: authors \u2019 estimates based on the data from Sudan MICS 2014 * and School Census 2018 * * 3. About seven percent of people never attended school in 2014. Real access increased by eight percentage points from 85 percent in 2009 to 93 percent in 2014. Access at age six increased by 30 percentage points from 40 percent in 2009 to 70 percent in 2014. The increase is driven by an increase in access among the bottom-40 percent of the population. System demonstrated growth between 2009 and 2014 with late entry remaining constant at 11 years. Those who are not ever attended school at age 11 will never attend. 4. The poor retention rate in basic education comes from a lack of school demand, in particular, among the poorest. Economic difficulties and behavior such as early marriage, pregnancy, and economic hardships explain the fragility of school demand. The lack of supply ( overcrowded classrooms, \u2018 open-air \u2019 or temporary classrooms, and incomplete schools ) also negatively effects retention rates. According to the School Census data, 16 percent of students are enrolled in a school that does not provide full course of basic education cycle ( 8 grades ). In addition, these students are likely to drop out before completion.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 536, + 554, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 % 52. 6 % Source: authors \u2019 estimates based on the data from Sudan MICS 2014 * and School Census 2018 * * 3. About seven percent of people never attended school in 2014.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The School Census 2018 is a structured collection of data regarding school enrollment and completion rates, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a structured collection of data regarding school enrollment and completion rates" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'School Census 2018' is mentioned following 'based on the data from', which indicates it is indeed being referred to as a data source. The phrase suggests that the School Census 2018 is a specific structured collection of data related to education metrics, primarily school attendance and enrollment. The connection to the Sudan MICS 2014 further clarifies its role in the analysis, indicating that it functions as a dataset rather than just a project or system. While it might superficially resemble a project name or an information system, the context in which it is presented strongly suggests that it serves as the basis for empirical estimates, thus reinforcing its position as a dataset. A model might have been confused because it could have perceived 'School Census 2018' as simply a title or header without the contextual anchoring provided in the sentence. Overall, in this case, the evidence strongly supports classifying it as a dataset rather than a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'School Census 2018' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its explicit mention as a data source following a phrase indicating the use of that data." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 36 of 40 5. Repetition rates are relatively low compared to other countries in the SSA region. There was a slight improvement in the repetition rates: from 5. 3 percent in 2015 to 4. 8 percent in 2018. Though, an estimated SDG 336 million ( US $ 10. 4 million ) is used annually to deliver basic education services to repeaters and pupils that drop out3. 6. Learning levels of students in basic schools in Sudan are generally weak. Representative evidence from the National Learning Assessment find that on average 39 percent of grade 3 pupils are not able to read a single word and only 5 percent of pupils read fluently ( more than 60 words per minute ) in Arabic ( NLA, 2018 ). Furthermore, the assessment of reading speed among third graders indicated an average speed of 15 words per minute, which is far below the estimated minimum reading speed of 40 words per minute thought to be necessary to gain understanding of and meaning from the text. The high share of illiterate pupils in grade 3 means that 39 percent of public resources spent on pupils in grades 1-3 are wasted in the system, which is equivalent to SDG 473 million ( US $ 14. 6 million ). 7.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 545, + 573, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 163, + 173, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 252, + 256, + "National Learning Assessment <> reference year" + ], + [ + 276, + 280, + "National Learning Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 486, + 491, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 609, + 623, + "National Learning Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 753, + 757, + "National Learning Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 778, + 825, + "National Learning Assessment <> data description" + ], + [ + 1257, + 1275, + "National Learning Assessment <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Learning levels of students in basic schools in Sudan are generally weak. Representative evidence from the National Learning Assessment find that on average 39 percent of grade 3 pupils are not able to read a single word and only 5 percent of pupils read fluently ( more than 60 words per minute ) in Arabic ( NLA, 2018 ). Furthermore, the assessment of reading speed among third graders indicated an average speed of 15 words per minute, which is far below the estimated minimum reading speed of 40 words per minute thought to be necessary to gain understanding of and meaning from the text.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The National Learning Assessment is a structured collection of data that evaluates the learning levels of students, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "cited as a source of evidence", + "described as evaluating student learning levels", + "mentioned in reference to specific statistical findings" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Learning Assessment' is referred to explicitly in relation to the learning levels of students and is associated with quantifiable findings about reading fluency and comprehension. The phrase suggests that the assessment involves the systematic collection and evaluation of data, which is indicative of a dataset. The context shows that it presents concrete statistics derived from the assessment results, reinforcing the notion that this assessment functions as a body of data. Although 'National Learning Assessment' could have been interpreted as a project or initiative, the specific voice and application of the findings in the text elicit its role as a dataset capturing significant educational metrics. A model might have been confused by the term's potential to symbolize broad educational initiatives or frameworks rather than solely its data-producing aspect.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Learning Assessment is treated as a dataset in this context due to its role in providing structured evidence of students' learning levels, with specific statistical outputs discussed in the text." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 40, + "text": "The Internal Efficiency of the system is weak, particularly due to very high dropout rates and low learning achievements of pupils. The IEC at the primary level is particularly low ( 39 percent ), which implies that more than half of public resources are wasted in paying for repeated grades or schooling for students who dropout before cycle completion. Economic Rationale for Public Investment in Sustaining Basic Education Enrollment in Sudan 8. The rationale for public sector financing of basic education is well established. Investments under the Project would strengthen efficiency and equity at the basic level overall, likely contributing to improved learning outcomes at the school level. The pressing needs and challenges for both improved efficiency and equity warrant public sector support consistent with Sudan \u2019 s commitment to providing Universal Primary Education of reasonable quality to all children. 9. Investment in basic education in Sudan is justified by the low NER ( 69 percent ) and completion rate ( 55 percent ) and weak learning levels among enrolled students. National Learning Assessment conducted in all 18 states of Sudan found that Grade 3 students performed very poorly. On average, 40 percent of pupil are not able to read a single word. This suggests that there is not only a large proportion of school-age children out of school but even when in school many students are not learning. The Project \u2019 s Development Impact 10. The project is expected to contribute positively to Sudan \u2019 s education system and national economic development. It aims to sustain enrollment in public schools during the economic crises and pandemic. To that end, it is expected that the proposed interventions will affect the probability of a child completing primary education and transitioning to the secondary level. This, in turn, will yield gains in labor earnings measured 3 Authors \u2019 estimation based on 2018 School Census data and reported USD / SDG exchange rate ( Economist ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1090, + 1118, + "named" + ], + [ + 440, + 445, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 819, + 824, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 956, + 961, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1149, + 1154, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1166, + 1182, + "National Learning Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1514, + 1519, + "National Learning Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1926, + 1930, + "National Learning Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1931, + 1949, + "National Learning Assessment <> data type" + ], + [ + 1989, + 1998, + "National Learning Assessment <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Investment in basic education in Sudan is justified by the low NER ( 69 percent ) and completion rate ( 55 percent ) and weak learning levels among enrolled students. National Learning Assessment conducted in all 18 states of Sudan found that Grade 3 students performed very poorly. On average, 40 percent of pupil are not able to read a single word.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The National Learning Assessment refers to a structured collection of data regarding the learning achievements of students in Sudan, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an assessment that conducts evaluations", + "provides structured records of student performance", + "follows contextually related statistics on educational performance" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'National Learning Assessment' seems to refer specifically to an evaluation process that culminates in measurable results regarding the reading capabilities of Grade 3 students in Sudan. In this instance, the context emphasizes its result-oriented purpose, referring to a performance evaluation that implies the systematic collection and organization of data about student learning outcomes. Although it could potentially represent a broader program or project, the context effectively portrays it as a structured data source offering quantitative insights. The mention of specific statistics suggests that this National Learning Assessment indeed acts as a dataset in analyzing educational levels, hence validating its classification as such. Potential confusion could arise for models from the term being characterized as a project since assessments can sometimes be seen as initiatives, yet here it distinctly conveys a data-gathering aspect with tangible outcomes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the National Learning Assessment acts as a dataset because it is directly tied to recorded evaluations of student performance and provides structured data that is crucial for the analysis presented." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 38 of 40 ( figure A3-1 ). Probability of being poor \u2013 in the bottom 40 percent \u2013 is 61 percent lower for people with basic education compared to people without education. Figure A3-1: Distribution of population in Sudan by education attainment and wealth quintiles Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data. 17. Educational attainment is highly associated with literacy rates. Even among those that never completed basic education, the share of literate people is above 80 percent after completing at least six grades compared to only 15 percent of people that attended only first grade of basic education ( figure A3-2 ). Figure A3-2: Women ' s literacy rates in Sudan, 2014 Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS, 2014 / 15 data. Note: a woman is literate if she is able to read parts of sentence or able to read whole sentence Impact on Internal Efficiency Estimates and Cost Savings 18.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 374, + 399, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Probability of being poor \u2013 in the bottom 40 percent \u2013 is 61 percent lower for people with basic education compared to people without education. Figure A3-1: Distribution of population in Sudan by education attainment and wealth quintiles Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data. 17.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to the Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) data, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on various indicators, including education and literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source: estimations based on'", + "described as a specific data collection", + "referred to as 'Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data', indicating a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data' explicitly refers to a specific data set resulting from the Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. The phrase 'Source: estimations based on...' directly implies that the data being referenced is utilized as a concrete data source for analysis, rather than just a project name or an information system. While it could be interpreted as part of a broader project or management information system related to the survey, the way it\u2019s presented here strongly indicates that it is being treated as a dataset used in the analysis of poverty and education outcomes in Sudan. The model might have been confused if it recognized 'MICS' as a project framework that contains diverse datasets and interpreted it more generally. However, the clear contextual placement in a statement about estimations solidifies its identity as a dataset in this mention, so I would classify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data' clearly refers to a specific dataset derived from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, with explicit contextual indicators showing it is being used as a data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 38 of 40 ( figure A3-1 ). Probability of being poor \u2013 in the bottom 40 percent \u2013 is 61 percent lower for people with basic education compared to people without education. Figure A3-1: Distribution of population in Sudan by education attainment and wealth quintiles Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS 2014 / 15 data. 17. Educational attainment is highly associated with literacy rates. Even among those that never completed basic education, the share of literate people is above 80 percent after completing at least six grades compared to only 15 percent of people that attended only first grade of basic education ( figure A3-2 ). Figure A3-2: Women ' s literacy rates in Sudan, 2014 Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS, 2014 / 15 data. Note: a woman is literate if she is able to read parts of sentence or able to read whole sentence Impact on Internal Efficiency Estimates and Cost Savings 18.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 798, + 808, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Sudan MICS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Sudan MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 294, + 299, + "Sudan MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 374, + 379, + "Sudan MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 385, + 394, + "Sudan MICS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 757, + 762, + "Sudan MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 798, + 803, + "Sudan MICS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Even among those that never completed basic education, the share of literate people is above 80 percent after completing at least six grades compared to only 15 percent of people that attended only first grade of basic education ( figure A3-2 ). Figure A3-2: Women ' s literacy rates in Sudan, 2014 Source: estimations based on Sudan MICS, 2014 / 15 data. Note: a woman is literate if she is able to read parts of sentence or able to read whole sentence Impact on Internal Efficiency Estimates and Cost Savings 18.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "Sudan MICS refers to the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on various indicators related to children and women.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "referred to as 2014 / 15 data", + "described as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sudan MICS' is mentioned as part of a citation for the data presented about women's literacy rates. The phrase 'estimations based on Sudan MICS, 2014 / 15 data' indicates that Sudan MICS is being used as the source of the data for the statistical estimates. This suggests that 'Sudan MICS' is indeed utilized as a dataset. The previous judgment that labeled it as True is supported by the fact that it is a formal survey specifically designed to collect data, which has been recognized in academic and policy research. Although it might also be interpreted as a project name or system, the explicit reference to it providing 'data' makes it more aligned with a dataset. The possible confusion could have arisen from the fact that it represents an organized effort to gather information, yet in this context, it functions definitively as a source of structured and official data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Sudan MICS' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly cited as the source of data estimates. It is part of a formal survey process focused on collecting specific metrics, which supports its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "054_Sudan-Basic-Education-Emergency-Support-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Sudan Basic Education Emergency Support Project ( P172812 ) Page 40 of 40 Table A3-2: Education Completion Rates in Sudan ( 2014 ) Male, Urban Male, Rural Female, Urban Female, Rural Total Grade 4, lower basic ( 10-13-year-olds ) 64. 6 50. 8 68. 9 56. 9 57. 5 Grade 6 ( 12-15-year-olds ) 48. 2 38. 0 47. 0 45. 1 43. 3 Grade 8, upper basic ( 14-17-year-olds ) 37. 5 29. 7 46. 1 35. 0 35. 4 Source: authors \u2019 estimation based on Sudan MICS data 24. Conclusion. The project is designed to support activities that address key issues in basic education identified by the 2018 Education Sector Analysis and the ESSP for 2019-2024: limited and inequitable access to basic education due to supply-side and demand-side constraints; poor quality of education service delivery and low student learning levels; and insufficient institutional capacity for efficient education system planning and management. 25. Project objectives and performance targets are based on the detailed financial analysis and simulations using assumptions for basic education enrollment, student repetition, student-teacher ratios, class size, and economic growth, share of public resource to education ( and to basic education ) and the official exchange rate.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 442, + 457, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Sudan MICS data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Sudan MICS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 101, + 127, + "Sudan MICS data <> data description" + ], + [ + 131, + 136, + "Sudan MICS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 139, + 143, + "Sudan MICS data <> reference year" + ], + [ + 412, + 419, + "Sudan MICS data <> author" + ], + [ + 442, + 447, + "Sudan MICS data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "0 35. 4 Source: authors \u2019 estimation based on Sudan MICS data 24. Conclusion.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Sudan MICS data refers to a structured collection of data collected through the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, which is used for research and analysis in the context of education and other social indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described in context of data analysis", + "specific reference to MICS, which is an established survey producing datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Sudan MICS data' follows the phrase 'based on' and refers to data that likely comes from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), which is a well-known initiative that collects structured datasets on various indicators related to children's well-being, education, and health. The phrase indicates that this data is the foundation for an estimation made by the authors, solidifying its role as a dataset rather than just a project name or system. The model may have been confused initially because 'MICS' in itself refers to a program that conducts surveys, but since it is utilized directly in the context of data analysis, it effectively counts as a dataset in this instance. Therefore, it does not only represent the program but the structured data obtained from it that is used for research and analysis. Ultimately, it should be treated as a dataset due to its explicit reference in analysis and its operational context as a source of structured records that indicates data-centric findings.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Sudan MICS data' represents a dataset derived from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, explicitly referenced in a context suggesting its use in analysis, confirming its role as a valid dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "055_Chad-COVID-19-Response-Project", + "page": 14, + "text": "The World Bank Chad COVID-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Project ( P173894 ) Page 10 through out-of-pocket payments. This poses major challenges in terms of the equity, the efficiency and the sustainability of the country \u2019 s health financing architecture. 15. Health facilities have low readiness levels to deliver quality health services. The number of health facilities in Chad is low and more than 3, 000 facilities are needed to reach WHO target of two facilities per 10, 000 inhabitants. Further, according to the most recent SARA survey, one in three health facilities had access to electricity and two in three had access to improved water sources. The availability of essential medical equipment ( scales, thermometers, stethoscopes, etc. ) and laboratory capacity were also substandard ( WHO, 2019 ). In terms of health professionals, in 2017 there were less than 10, 000 professionals in all Chad. Shortages are particularly acute for doctors and specialized health professionals ( 0. 38 per 10, 000 population ), and there are important disparities in the distribution of health professionals between provinces. 16. The coverage of essential health services is low.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 540, + 551, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SARA survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "SARA survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 384, + 388, + "SARA survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 448, + 451, + "SARA survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 553, + 609, + "SARA survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 806, + 809, + "SARA survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 811, + 815, + "SARA survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 856, + 860, + "SARA survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 911, + 915, + "SARA survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1201, + 1219, + "SARA survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The number of health facilities in Chad is low and more than 3, 000 facilities are needed to reach WHO target of two facilities per 10, 000 inhabitants. Further, according to the most recent SARA survey, one in three health facilities had access to electricity and two in three had access to improved water sources. The availability of essential medical equipment ( scales, thermometers, stethoscopes, etc. )", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SARA survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the availability and quality of health services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to the most recent SARA survey'", + "provides structured data about health facilities and services", + "described as a source that assesses availability and quality of health services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'SARA survey' is explicitly referenced in a manner that indicates it provides structured information on health facilities in Chad. The phrase 'according to the most recent SARA survey' positions the survey as a data source for the statistics presented in the follow-up sentences. The content that follows describes substantial findings from this survey, which reinforces the idea that this is not merely a project name or a management information system, but rather a structured dataset that compiles specific information about health facility access to utilities. The model may have been confused because 'SARA' could also resemble a project name or system if taken out of context, especially if the description was less explicit. However, in this passage, it's clear that 'SARA survey' functions as a dataset providing statistical insights.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SARA survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is referenced as a source of specific, structured data related to health services, and it is explicitly mentioned as containing the results of a data collection exercise." + }, + { + "filename": "057_West-Bank-and-Gaza-Phase-1-of-the-Multiphase-Programmatic-Approach-Advancing-Sustainability-in-Performance-Infrastructure-and-Reliability-of-Energy-Sector-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "Over the past two years, two new donors have joined the PID-MDTF as a channel for their renewed funding to the energy sector and many of the existing and new donors have expressed interest in potentially scaling up their contribution if there is a robust pipeline and clear results chain. Donor coordination efforts include, the Energy Sector Working Group ( for which the World Bank acts as technical advisor ) and thematic groups focusing on Renewable energy, Gaza-specific issues and revenue protection. These groups meet regularly, both to share latest information and to ensure better harmonization of technical assistance and investment. This is emerging as an effective platform for ongoing dialogue and 15 Women \u2019 s Entrepreneurship - How to Measure the Gap between New Female and Male Entrepreneurs? World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 8284, 2017. 16 Analysis will include a market assessment of MSMEs to understand needs for financial services and solar kits. 17 Candidates will be identified through various networks and platforms such as the Gaza Women and Energy Network ( GWEN ). During preparation, the project conducted a market survey of male - and female-led MSMEs to understand different needs for financial services and assess their needs / priorities in terms of technical specifications surrounding solar kits.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1059, + 1088, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16 Analysis will include a market assessment of MSMEs to understand needs for financial services and solar kits. 17 Candidates will be identified through various networks and platforms such as the Gaza Women and Energy Network ( GWEN ). During preparation, the project conducted a market survey of male - and female-led MSMEs to understand different needs for financial services and assess their needs / priorities in terms of technical specifications surrounding solar kits.", + "type": "network", + "explanation": "The Gaza Women and Energy Network is an initiative or organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described in context of connecting candidates and identifying needs", + "does not reference structured records or a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Gaza Women and Energy Network' is mentioned as a network or initiative that helps identify candidates for a market survey. The surrounding text indicates its role in connecting various stakeholders rather than serving as a direct source of structured data or a dataset. It does not contain statistics or records in the sense that datasets usually do. The reference primarily focuses on how the network facilitates candidate identification for further analysis rather than on any data it holds. This could confuse a model because it appears in a context where data collection is mentioned, and thus it might not clearly differentiate between operational networks and actual datasets that compile data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Gaza Women and Energy Network' is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a project or initiative rather than a concrete collection of data. Its mention pertains to its role in connecting people rather than providing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "057_West-Bank-and-Gaza-Phase-1-of-the-Multiphase-Programmatic-Approach-Advancing-Sustainability-in-Performance-Infrastructure-and-Reliability-of-Energy-Sector-Project", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Advancing Sustainability in Performance, Infrastructure, and Reliability of the Energy Sector in the West Bank and Gaza ( P170928 ) Page 45 of 74 Share of electricity sector net-lending in West Bank ' Net-lending ' is a mechanism by which payments due to Israel Electricity Corp are deducted from the clearance revenue mechanism. While the mechanism works for both W. Bank and Gaza. This indicator focuses on W. Bank. Semi - annual Data collected by PETL ' s billing system PETL ' s Billing system tracks IEC issued bills and payments made by each DISCO. PENRA PMU Electricity supply from imports This indicator refers only to import from Jordan during Phase 1. Annual PETL and JDECO Primary data based on import volume recorded by PETL and JDECO PENRA PMU Installed capacity from new IPPs in West Bank and Gaza Installed capacity ( MW ) from new IPPs Annual PECC Primary data PENRA PMU ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Connection points upgraded Baseline is calculated as 35 connection points out of 210. As connection points may be consolidated in the future, a percentage is used.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 465, + 469, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bank. Semi - annual Data collected by PETL ' s billing system PETL ' s Billing system tracks IEC issued bills and payments made by each DISCO. PENRA PMU Electricity supply from imports This indicator refers only to import from Jordan during Phase 1.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "PETL refers to an organization involved in the electricity sector, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a billing system", + "follows 'Data collected by' indicating it is the source system", + "refers to a specific organization rather than a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'PETL,' it is evident that this term refers primarily to an organizational entity involved in managing billing processes rather than representing a standalone dataset. The mention of 'PETL's billing system' indicates that it functions as a system capturing and processing data related to billing and payments, suggesting it is more of a management information system (MIS) or a platform. The phrases in the text structure this reference to point towards a functional system that organizes and manages information rather than being a structured collection of data suitable for data analysis.\n\nAdditionally, confusions could arise because the model recognizes 'PETL' following the phrase 'Data collected by,' which typically hints that the term could be a source of data. However, because it is directly labeled as a billing system, it is clear that it serves as an infrastructure that facilitates data collection rather than being a dataset in itself. Ultimately, models may misinterpret organizational names or systems as datasets due to similar phrasing but miss the context that delineates their roles.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PETL' is not treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referred to as a billing system that serves to track records related to billing and payments, rather than being a collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "057_West-Bank-and-Gaza-Phase-1-of-the-Multiphase-Programmatic-Approach-Advancing-Sustainability-in-Performance-Infrastructure-and-Reliability-of-Energy-Sector-Project", + "page": 71, + "text": "The baseline depends on the staffing data provided by PENRA Male staffing numbers to be confirmed Additionally, lack of electricity negatively impacts female entrepreneurship, resulting in lost income for women-owned businesses and subsequent closures. About 42 percent of firms identified lack of electricity as a major constraint to business growth, with up to 16 outages lasting six hours each on average per month ( Enterprise Survey, WB & G 2019 ). While this affects all businesses, women-owned businesses \u2014 majority of whom are micro or small and often home based \u2014 are particularly affected because of the nature of their work ( cooking, handiwork, and textiles ) relying on electrical appliances to produce their products ( anecdotal evidence ). Data also suggest that women are less likely to own generators or other forms of electrification for back-up during shortages largely because of costs. The project will enable women-owned businesses access solar PV systems. This will be done first through an assessment that will capture the specific energy and financial needs of female-owned ( and male-owned ) businesses and help them determine which financial tools and solar kit options make most sense to address their different needs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 420, + 437, + "named" + ], + [ + 205, + 227, + "Enterprise Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 446, + 450, + "Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 489, + 511, + "Enterprise Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1262, + 1280, + "Enterprise Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The baseline depends on the staffing data provided by PENRA Male staffing numbers to be confirmed Additionally, lack of electricity negatively impacts female entrepreneurship, resulting in lost income for women-owned businesses and subsequent closures. About 42 percent of firms identified lack of electricity as a major constraint to business growth, with up to 16 outages lasting six hours each on average per month ( Enterprise Survey, WB & G 2019 ). While this affects all businesses, women-owned businesses \u2014 majority of whom are micro or small and often home based \u2014 are particularly affected because of the nature of their work ( cooking, handiwork, and textiles ) relying on electrical appliances to produce their products ( anecdotal evidence ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze business conditions and constraints, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'up to 16 outages lasting six hours each on average per month ( Enterprise Survey, WB & G 2019 )'", + "mentioned in the context of business conditions and constraints", + "widely recognized in literature as a structured dataset for analyzing business environments" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Enterprise Survey' references an established study conducted by the World Bank and the Gaza Strip governance that collects comprehensive data on the business landscape. The phrasing indicates that the survey provides structured records about firms' challenges, such as electricity access, which are crucial for the analysis being discussed. This explicit mention as a data source for the paragraph warrants classifying it as a dataset. Although the term might suggest an organizational or systemic aspect, especially with its formal name, it primarily denotes the gathered information that supports assertions about female entrepreneurship constraints. The confusion might stem from the commonality of the term as it could refer to a broader project involving surveys rather than data itself, but in this instance, the context clarifies its role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Enterprise Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly involved in data collection that informs the analysis of business conditions. The context surrounding its mention directly links it to structured data about businesses, aligning it as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "057_West-Bank-and-Gaza-Phase-1-of-the-Multiphase-Programmatic-Approach-Advancing-Sustainability-in-Performance-Infrastructure-and-Reliability-of-Energy-Sector-Project", + "page": 71, + "text": "With the help of GWEN, this subcomponent can also tap into the personal testimonies and stories of female engineers and renewables consumers to expand solar education, improve citizen engagement, and communicate benefits of clean solutions as part of the advocacy and public communications agenda. Beneficiary women - owned businesses reporting increased income due to improved electricity services ( percentage ) \u2014 baseline 0 percent, target 25 percent. Note: a. ESPIP is supporting the establishment of GWEN to bring together female engineers in Gaza and promote equitable access to sustainable energy. b. Hillis, Samira Ahmed, Jumana Jamal Subhi Alaref, and Wouter Matthijs Takkenberg. 2018. \u201c Enhancing Job Opportunities for Skilled Women in the Palestinian Territories ( English ). \u201d Washington, DC. Anecdotal evidence from field staff. c. According to PENRA, 30 out of 74 staff members in the West Bank are female. A majority are in finance and administrative roles. d. In a World Bank online survey carried out, 10 out of 11 business respondents reported to have between 0 and 25 percent of female staff in technical roles such as engineers and scientists.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 17, + 21, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "With the help of GWEN, this subcomponent can also tap into the personal testimonies and stories of female engineers and renewables consumers to expand solar education, improve citizen engagement, and communicate benefits of clean solutions as part of the advocacy and public communications agenda. Beneficiary women - owned businesses reporting increased income due to improved electricity services ( percentage ) \u2014 baseline 0 percent, target 25 percent.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "GWEN is described as an initiative to support female engineers and promote equitable access to sustainable energy, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an initiative", + "not presented as a data source", + "focus on advocacy and engagement rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'GWEN' appears to refer to an initiative or project focused on enhancing solar education, engagement, and advocacy around clean solutions, particularly for female engineers and enterprises. There are no indications in the surrounding text that 'GWEN' functions as a dataset or contains structured records; rather, it is depicted as a vehicle for facilitating connections and communications. This portrayal leads me to consider that 'GWEN' is operationally a project rather than a dataset. The model might have been misled by the use of 'GWEN' in a context discussing measurable improvements (like income percentages), causing it to perceive a data collection aspect, but the emphasis here is squarely on advocacy rather than data management. Therefore, in this specific context, it fits better as an initiative or project rather than being categorized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GWEN is not a dataset in this context; it is an initiative aimed at advocacy and engagement rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "059_Uganda-Investing-in-Forests-and-Protected-Areas-for-Climate-Smart-Development-Project", + "page": 72, + "text": "STEP. The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. The MWE is familiar with STEP, which is also used under the IWMDP. The knowledge built, lessons learned, and corrective mechanisms put in place will provide a foundation for the project. 52. Use of national procurement procedures. Due to recent changes in Uganda \u2019 s procurement legal framework, Uganda National Procurement Procedures are not in line with the World Bank Procurement Regulations Section V - Para 5. 4 National Procurement Procedures. In particular, the following provisions are not consistent with Procurement Regulations: ( a ) Use of domestic preference for contracts obtained through open national competitive procedures ( b ) Fees for handling bidder complaints at procuring entity level", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 4, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "STEP. The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance.", + "type": "planning and tracking system", + "explanation": "STEP is described as a planning and tracking system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "provides data on procurement activities", + "not mentioned as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'STEP' is clearly identified as a planning and tracking system, which indicates that it serves as a framework for managing and analyzing procurement activities rather than being a structured collection of data itself. Although it is highlighted that the system will provide data related to procurement, it does not fulfill the role of a dataset in the typical sense. A model could be confused here because the mention of 'provides data' might lead to the interpretation that 'STEP' is synonymous with a dataset, while in actuality, it serves as an infrastructure that enables data generation and monitoring without being the dataset per se. The distinction lies in the clarity of 'STEP' being categorized as a system rather than an isolated dataset used for analysis, as it is not mentioned as a primary source of structured records but rather a means to track and plan processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is not treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referred to as a planning and tracking system, which simply utilizes data rather than being a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "059_Uganda-Investing-in-Forests-and-Protected-Areas-for-Climate-Smart-Development-Project", + "page": 72, + "text": "STEP. The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. The MWE is familiar with STEP, which is also used under the IWMDP. The knowledge built, lessons learned, and corrective mechanisms put in place will provide a foundation for the project. 52. Use of national procurement procedures. Due to recent changes in Uganda \u2019 s procurement legal framework, Uganda National Procurement Procedures are not in line with the World Bank Procurement Regulations Section V - Para 5. 4 National Procurement Procedures. In particular, the following provisions are not consistent with Procurement Regulations: ( a ) Use of domestic preference for contracts obtained through open national competitive procedures ( b ) Fees for handling bidder complaints at procuring entity level", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 27, + 31, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "STEP. The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. The MWE is familiar with STEP, which is also used under the IWMDP.", + "type": "planning and tracking system", + "explanation": "STEP is described as a planning and tracking system, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "the project uses STEP, indicating it serves a purpose beyond just providing a dataset", + "not explicitly referred to as a data provider or source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, STEP is clearly defined as a planning and tracking system that serves a specific role in managing procurement activities. Although it provides data on various aspects such as benchmarks and performance, it is not labeled as a dataset itself. The distinction is important; while STEP may contain data, it operates more as a functional tool or infrastructure that organizes and manages that data rather than serving as a standalone data source. This is a key factor that distinguishes it from a dataset in this context. A potential source of confusion for a model could stem from the presence of phrases such as 'will provide data on procurement activities', which may lead to the assumption that STEP is a direct data source. However, without explicit mention of STEP being a dataset or equipped to function autonomously as a dataset, it rightly remains categorized as a system or project rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "STEP does not act as a dataset in this context; it is identified primarily as a planning and tracking system rather than as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "059_Uganda-Investing-in-Forests-and-Protected-Areas-for-Climate-Smart-Development-Project", + "page": 72, + "text": "STEP. The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. The MWE is familiar with STEP, which is also used under the IWMDP. The knowledge built, lessons learned, and corrective mechanisms put in place will provide a foundation for the project. 52. Use of national procurement procedures. Due to recent changes in Uganda \u2019 s procurement legal framework, Uganda National Procurement Procedures are not in line with the World Bank Procurement Regulations Section V - Para 5. 4 National Procurement Procedures. In particular, the following provisions are not consistent with Procurement Regulations: ( a ) Use of domestic preference for contracts obtained through open national competitive procedures ( b ) Fees for handling bidder complaints at procuring entity level", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 216, + 220, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays, and measure procurement performance. The MWE is familiar with STEP, which is also used under the IWMDP. The knowledge built, lessons learned, and corrective mechanisms put in place will provide a foundation for the project.", + "type": "planning and tracking system", + "explanation": "STEP is described as a planning and tracking system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "provides data on procurement activities but is not explicitly collected or analyzed data itself", + "not mentioned as a dataset but as a system used in project context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'STEP' is characterized explicitly as a planning and tracking system which suggests it serves a functional role rather than indicating that it is a dataset. It provides what could be considered data on procurement activities, but the way it is framed\u2014alongside terms like 'planning' and 'tracking'\u2014emphasizes its operational purpose rather than its nature as a structured dataset. The language of the text indicates that it is generating or providing information rather than being the collection of records or statistics to be analyzed. The confusion may arise because the model may interpret mentions of systems that provide data as datasets themselves, especially when 'data' appears in the context. However, one must distinguish between systems that produce or track data and actual datasets that are utilized for research or analysis. In this case, 'STEP' is not positioned as a primary source of structured data but rather as an infrastructure tool in the project context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, STEP is a system providing data rather than a dataset itself, making it clear that the mention does not represent a concrete source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "060_Yemen-Emergency-COVID-19-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "This improves essential healthcare service delivery and enables people to access the appropriate care, which builds resilience that is especially key for the poor who are the most vulnerable and least equipped to handle the impacts of climate change. C. Project Beneficiaries 29. The expected project beneficiaries will be the entire population in Yemen including nationals and non-nationals, medical and emergency personnel, laboratory and testing facilities, and health agencies across the country. In 2018, the total estimated population size was 28. 9 million, 13 including about 24 million needing humanitarian assistance. 14 For immediate response to stop the transmission and allocate necessary resources for treatment of cases, the project will specifically target communities that have high risks of local transmission, such as highly populated cities across the whole country. 9 https: / / www. who. int / countries / yem / en /. Accessed on March 23, 2020. 10 https: / / www. who. int / bulletin / volumes / 93 / 10 / 15-021015 / en /. Accessed on March 23, 2020. 11 https: / / apps. who. int / gho / data / node. country. country-YEM. Accessed on March 23, 2020. 12 https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / SH. MED. BEDS. ZS? view = chart. Accessed on March 23, 2020. 13 The World Bank. World Development Indicators Data Bank. https: / / databank. worldbank. org / source / world-development-indicators. Accessed on March 21, 2020. 14 United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. Relief Web data on Yemen. https: / / m. reliefweb. int / report / 3422113. Accessed on March 21, 2020.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1304, + 1342, + "named" + ], + [ + 348, + 353, + "World Development Indicators Data Bank <> data geography" + ], + [ + 504, + 508, + "World Development Indicators Data Bank <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1292, + 1302, + "World Development Indicators Data Bank <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1539, + 1544, + "World Development Indicators Data Bank <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "13 The World Bank. World Development Indicators Data Bank. https: / / databank.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The World Development Indicators Data Bank is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'World Development Indicators Data Bank' appears prominently, and its designation includes both 'Data' and 'Bank', which suggests it is related to data. In this context, it is explicitly referenced in a way that could lead the model to interpret it as a dataset. The fact that it is cited after 'The World Bank' aligns it with a known source of statistical information, which can contribute to the assessment of its status as a dataset. The capitalization and structured phrasing align with standard naming conventions for datasets, leading to confusion when distinguishing it from a platform or system. However, based on contextual cues indicating that it functions as a repository for statistics, it can be treated as a dataset here. Models might misinterpret it if they lack clarity on the distinction between data repositories and the data they contain, but given the referencing style, it is fair to affirm it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators Data Bank' is treated as a dataset because it is indicated as a source of structured data that is used for analysis, despite the possibility of confusion regarding its nature as a system or platform." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "The World Bank Formal Employment Creation Project ( P171766 ) Page 11 of 86 Survey ). 6 Only 2 percent of respondents to a recent survey reported that they were working and had work permits. About 65 percent of the beneficiaries of the Emergency Social Safety Net Program ( ESSN ), a temporary humanitarian program, report that their main source of income is short-term informal work. 7 This will become a more significant problem once the ESSN comes to an end. 13. One of the most important contextual factors that limits formal job creation is the poor access to financing among firms. Credit service provision is less developed in many provinces where refugees live and work. According to the World Bank Enterprise Survey, most respondents ( 76 percent ) in the affected regions assert that access to finance deteriorated loan terms and conditions ( interest rates, maturity, and collateral requirements ). 8 Poor access to longer-term financing limits enterprises from investing, increasing production capacity, and providing sustainable employment opportunities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 696, + 724, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 130, + 136, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 550, + 574, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 639, + 648, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 696, + 706, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Credit service provision is less developed in many provinces where refugees live and work. According to the World Bank Enterprise Survey, most respondents ( 76 percent ) in the affected regions assert that access to finance deteriorated loan terms and conditions ( interest rates, maturity, and collateral requirements ). 8 Poor access to longer-term financing limits enterprises from investing, increasing production capacity, and providing sustainable employment opportunities.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The World Bank Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the business environment and challenges faced by firms, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentions 'according to' before the term", + "used in the context of providing structured data on the business environment", + "imbues quantitative findings like '76 percent' that utilize data from a survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the 'World Bank Enterprise Survey' is referred to in a manner that indicates it is a structured dataset. The phrase 'According to the World Bank Enterprise Survey' implies that this term is being used as a source of data that informs the subsequent statement about respondents' views on access to finance. This indicates that it functions as a dataset because it provides quantitative analysis and findings derived from surveyed entities, focusing on the business environment. The model could have been confused if there were additional phrases suggesting it is a management information system or a project. However, in this context, it is explicitly treated as a data source producing measurable outcomes which reinforces its identification as a dataset. There are no indications in the text that suggest it is merely a project name or tool, rather it is clearly presented as a source of empirical evidence for the claims made about credit service provision for refugees.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'World Bank Enterprise Survey' functions as a dataset in this context because it is cited as the source of specific empirical data related to access to finance, rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Washington, DC: World Bank and World Food Programme. 8 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 9 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC., https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 10 Ayyagari, M., A. Demirg\u00fc\u00e7-Kunt, and V. Maksimovic. 2011. \u201c Small vs. Young Firms Across the World: Contribution to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth. \u201d Policy Research Working Paper 5631, World Bank, Washington, DC. 11 World Bank. 2014. Turkey \u2019 s Transitions: Integration, Inclusion, Institutions. Report 90509-TR. Washington, DC: World Bank. 12 World Bank 2014 and 2018 data of the Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises ( database ), European Central Bank, Frankfurt, https: / / www. ecb. europa. eu / stats / ecb_surveys / safe / html / index. en. html.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 55, + 73, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 14, + "Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 16, + 26, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 88, + 121, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 126, + 136, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 138, + 152, + "Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 269, + 279, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 379, + 392, + "Enterprise Surveys <> author" + ], + [ + 394, + 398, + "Enterprise Surveys <> reference year" + ], + [ + 402, + 423, + "Enterprise Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 534, + 544, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 575, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 577, + 581, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 583, + 589, + "Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 678, + 688, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 693, + 703, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 704, + 708, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 713, + 717, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Washington, DC: World Bank and World Food Programme. 8 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "Enterprise Surveys refer to a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically focusing on enterprises.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "mentioned alongside known data sources (International Finance Corporation and World Bank)", + "associated with research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Enterprise Surveys' is situated within a list that includes reputable institutions such as the World Bank and the International Finance Corporation, which suggests that it is a recognized data source. The term is also explicitly designated as a 'database', indicating that it is indeed a structured collection of data, rather than merely a project name or a management information system. The combination of being described as a database and being tied to reputable organizations lends credibility to interpreting it as a dataset. However, the potential for confusion might arise because it could also be associated with a project name or initiative; thus, the surrounding context is crucial. The model likely recognized 'Enterprise Surveys' as significant due to its capitalized form, association with established institutions, and its explicit mention as a database, which strongly implies that it houses data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Enterprise Surveys' refers to a structured database associated with well-known financial institutions and is clearly described as such in the context, which justifies its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Washington, DC: World Bank and World Food Programme. 8 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 9 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC., https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 10 Ayyagari, M., A. Demirg\u00fc\u00e7-Kunt, and V. Maksimovic. 2011. \u201c Small vs. Young Firms Across the World: Contribution to Employment, Job Creation, and Growth. \u201d Policy Research Working Paper 5631, World Bank, Washington, DC. 11 World Bank. 2014. Turkey \u2019 s Transitions: Integration, Inclusion, Institutions. Report 90509-TR. Washington, DC: World Bank. 12 World Bank 2014 and 2018 data of the Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises ( database ), European Central Bank, Frankfurt, https: / / www. ecb. europa. eu / stats / ecb_surveys / safe / html / index. en. html.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 730, + 776, + "named" + ], + [ + 16, + 26, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 126, + 136, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 269, + 279, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 534, + 544, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 565, + 575, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 577, + 581, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publication year" + ], + [ + 678, + 688, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 704, + 708, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publication year" + ], + [ + 713, + 717, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publication year" + ], + [ + 791, + 812, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> publisher" + ], + [ + 814, + 823, + "Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Washington, DC: World Bank. 12 World Bank 2014 and 2018 data of the Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises ( database ), European Central Bank, Frankfurt, https: / / www. ecb.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of data used for research or analysis regarding the access to finance for enterprises.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows '2014 and 2018 data of the Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises'", + "appears in a context that references data from a specific survey", + "the phrase indicates a structured collection of data regarding a specific topic" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Survey on the Access to Finance of Enterprises' behaves like a dataset as it is explicitly referenced as containing data from specific years (2014 and 2018) and tied to the World Bank, which is recognized for conducting such surveys. Even though it could be construed as a project name, the structure of the sentence and its association with data usage in research reinforces its identity as a dataset. The confusion might arise because surveys are often also considered projects or initiatives; however, in this instance, the phrase is closely tied to actual collected data, thus justifying its classification as a dataset. Additionally, the contextual phrase indicates its role as a data source rather than merely a title of a project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term is treated as a dataset because it directly references collected data from a specific survey, indicating it is used as a structured source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "Constrained by such costs, SMEs may resort to hiring workers informally or might exit completely from the registered formal sector and continue operations informally. 17. Another major challenge affecting the capacity of firms to create jobs and expand is the capacity to find skilled workers. An inadequately educated labor force is perceived to be among the top five constraints to doing business in Turkey. The analysis of data on more than 7 million job postings at the public employment agency ( \u0130\u015eKUR ) between 2016 and 2018 and from \u0130\u015eKUR \u2019 s Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey and the top nine online job search portals shows that the most critical skills sought by employers across provinces are behavioral, socioemotional, and software-related skills. 14 13 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 14 https: / / media. \u0130\u015eKUR. gov. tr / 33412 / istihdamda-3i-30-sayi-ek1-2019-yili-isgucu-piyasasi-arastirmasi-sonuclari. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 550, + 586, + "named" + ], + [ + 402, + 408, + "Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 454, + 466, + "Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 501, + 506, + "Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 517, + 521, + "Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 526, + 530, + "Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "An inadequately educated labor force is perceived to be among the top five constraints to doing business in Turkey. The analysis of data on more than 7 million job postings at the public employment agency ( \u0130\u015eKUR ) between 2016 and 2018 and from \u0130\u015eKUR \u2019 s Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey and the top nine online job search portals shows that the most critical skills sought by employers across provinces are behavioral, socioemotional, and software-related skills. 14 13 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor market requirements and skills needed by employers.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'from' indicating a source of data", + "part of an analytical framework using various data sources", + "explicitly mentioned in a research context", + "suggests structured data collection about labor market needs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey' appears in a context where it is linked as a source of data alongside other datasets. The phrase 'from \u0130\u015eKUR\u2019s Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey' specifically indicates that it directly contributes data for analysis, implying it is not merely a project or tool but an organized dataset likely containing valuable information on labor market needs. The previous judgment categorizing it as a dataset makes sense because it seems to concern actual collected responses related to labor market requirements. However, a possible confusion factor could stem from the term 'Assessment Survey' which may lead to variable interpretations about the nature of data being structured or merely collected in ad-hoc manners. Still, the context strongly supports treating it as a dataset since it's utilized as a significant source in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey' functions as a dataset because it is explicitly identified as a source of structured data used in the analysis of labor market skills, thus supporting its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "Constrained by such costs, SMEs may resort to hiring workers informally or might exit completely from the registered formal sector and continue operations informally. 17. Another major challenge affecting the capacity of firms to create jobs and expand is the capacity to find skilled workers. An inadequately educated labor force is perceived to be among the top five constraints to doing business in Turkey. The analysis of data on more than 7 million job postings at the public employment agency ( \u0130\u015eKUR ) between 2016 and 2018 and from \u0130\u015eKUR \u2019 s Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey and the top nine online job search portals shows that the most critical skills sought by employers across provinces are behavioral, socioemotional, and software-related skills. 14 13 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys. org /. 14 https: / / media. \u0130\u015eKUR. gov. tr / 33412 / istihdamda-3i-30-sayi-ek1-2019-yili-isgucu-piyasasi-arastirmasi-sonuclari. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 770, + 788, + "named" + ], + [ + 402, + 408, + "Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 517, + 521, + "Enterprise Surveys <> reference year" + ], + [ + 526, + 530, + "Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 803, + 836, + "Enterprise Surveys <> author" + ], + [ + 841, + 851, + "Enterprise Surveys <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The analysis of data on more than 7 million job postings at the public employment agency ( \u0130\u015eKUR ) between 2016 and 2018 and from \u0130\u015eKUR \u2019 s Labor Market Needs Assessment Survey and the top nine online job search portals shows that the most critical skills sought by employers across provinces are behavioral, socioemotional, and software-related skills. 14 13 Enterprise Surveys ( database ), International Finance Corporation and World Bank, Washington, DC, https: / / www. enterprisesurveys.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "Enterprise Surveys is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding business conditions and constraints.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a database", + "mentioned as a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Enterprise Surveys' is clearly associated with a structured collection of data used for analysis, as it is mentioned in conjunction with other credible data sources such as the International Finance Corporation and World Bank, both of which are respected entities in data collection and analysis. The phrase 'Enterprise Surveys (database)' explicitly identifies it as a database, which implies that it serves the purpose of storing structured data for research. This is further strengthened by its listing at the end of an empirical context that discusses data analysis. While there can be confusion between a project name and an actual dataset, the clear identification as a 'database' and its usage in data analysis contexts firmly position it as a dataset here. Potential confusion could arise as it is a project name in itself, and the model may have assumed it could be an infrastructural tool rather than a dataset, but the context validates it as a dataset for analytical purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Enterprise Surveys' is treated as a dataset due to its explicit identification as a database and its inclusion in a list of data sources used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "061_Turkey-Formal-Employment-Creation-Project", + "page": 83, + "text": "012 ) ( 0. 033 ) ( 0. 015 ) ( 0. 021 ) ( 0. 160 ) Observations 5, 984 2, 412 2, 046 992 534 R-squared 0. 085 0. 038 0. 072 0. 123 0. 568 Standard errors in parentheses * * * p < 0. 01, * * p < 0. 05, * p < 0. 1 Source: Enterprise Survey, 2008, 2013 \u2013 14, and 2015 \u2013 16 Note: Explanatory variables include firm size and age, firm \u2019 s ownership status, industry, region, and year. Control group for credit constraint status is FCC. 41 Kuntchev, V., Ramalho, R., Rodriguez-Meza, J., Yang, J. S., 2013. What have we learned from the Enterprise Surveys regarding access to finance by SMEs? Policy Research Working Paper 6670. World Bank, Washington D. C. 42 The firms in the FCC group applied for a loan and were rejected and do not have any type of external finance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 219, + 236, + "named" + ], + [ + 238, + 242, + "Enterprise Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 244, + 253, + "Enterprise Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 259, + 268, + "Enterprise Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 305, + 322, + "Enterprise Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 433, + 445, + "Enterprise Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 447, + 458, + "Enterprise Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 480, + 491, + "Enterprise Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 621, + 631, + "Enterprise Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 633, + 649, + "Enterprise Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "05, * p < 0. 1 Source: Enterprise Survey, 2008, 2013 \u2013 14, and 2015 \u2013 16 Note: Explanatory variables include firm size and age, firm \u2019 s ownership status, industry, region, and year. Control group for credit constraint status is FCC.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Enterprise Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze access to finance by SMEs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "specifically mentioned years imply data collection", + "implies analytical relevance with explanatory variables" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Enterprise Survey' appears alongside specific years (2008, 2013-14, and 2015-16) which suggests a time-bound structured collection of data about enterprises. This context indicates that the survey serves as a quantitative dataset for analysis, particularly concerning access to finance by SMEs. The mention of explanatory variables also implies that the collected data is used for a concrete analytical purpose, reinforcing its nature as a dataset. While 'Enterprise Survey' could also suggest a project or program, the surrounding context clearly frames it in a way that supports the interpretation of it as a dataset, especially since it is used to generate empirical results. The model may have initially considered it a project or platform due to its capitalized form and potential for data collection, but the direct reference to specific years and analytical variables clarifies it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Enterprise Survey' is treated as a dataset because it refers to structured data collected across specific years for analysis regarding SMEs, as indicated by the presence of explanatory variables." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 40 of 94 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s connection records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 617, + 625, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 40 of 94 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the compiled data from municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, which constitutes a structured collection of data for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Reports from'", + "described as compiled data from municipal PIUs", + "recorded in PMU progress reports", + "implies structured records specifically for monitoring" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'PMU Data' is treated as a dataset because the context explicitly states that it consists of reports compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports. This suggests that 'PMU Data' is not just a project or system but a structured collection of records representing data collected from the project. Although it has the potential to refer to a management information system (given its name), the language used alongside it indicates that it holds actual data records that are utilized for monitoring and evaluation purposes. The previous judgment may have recognized the structured nature of this data, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset, thus reinforcing its classification as a dataset despite potential initial confusion over its designation as a project or system. The model may have misclassified it initially because it seems to share similar nomenclature with systems or projects, but the surrounding context clarifies its role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' functions as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to compiled records that are used for monitoring and evaluation, derived from municipal PIUs and integrated into progress reports." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities ( out of This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 29, + 37, + "named" + ], + [ + 347, + 355, + "PMU Data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 489, + 495, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities ( out of This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "type": "progress report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to a structured collection of data compiled from municipal PIUs for reporting purposes, indicating it is a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in connection with municipal PIUs", + "follows \u2018compiled by\u2019 implying operational context", + "referred to in the context of progress reports, not as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' appears in connection with reports being compiled and does not emphasize its role as an independent dataset. Instead, it suggests that 'PMU Data' functions more like an informational system or a tool utilized by municipal PIUs for reporting. The context indicates that the data is gathered for progress tracking and reporting rather than being a standalone structured dataset. This could confuse a model because the term includes 'Data,' which often leads to assumptions of a dataset, especially given that it appears to store or aggregate information. However, the specific operational nature of 'PMU Data' suggests it's part of project reporting instead of a distinct dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' is treated more like an operational system utilized for reporting rather than an independent dataset, as indicated by its contextual usage in progress reports." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 41 of 94 which refugees ) managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 643, + 651, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 701, + 721, + "PMU Data <> data type" + ], + [ + 1294, + 1312, + "PMU Data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project.", + "type": "progress report data", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the structured collection of data compiled from municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports, which is used for monitoring the impact of the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'reported in PMU progress reports'", + "described as compiled from municipal PIUs", + "indicates collection of records related to project indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' is clearly positioned as a source of structured records that are compiled and reported on in relation to project indicators. The language suggests that it is a systematic collection of data that is essential for monitoring project outcomes, particularly in relation to sanitation services. It follows the phrase 'Semi-annually Reports from PMU Data' which indicates it is used for reporting purposes, thus supporting the interpretation of 'PMU Data' as a concrete dataset. While there might be some confusion regarding whether 'PMU Data' represents an information system or infrastructure, the direct mention of how it is compiled and linked to documented records sways the classification towards it being a dataset. However, one could interpret 'PMU' as an abbreviation that may refer to a management system or project name, which could lead an extraction model to misclassify it. In this case, though, due to its use in association with reporting and data compilation, it aligns more with a dataset than just a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' is treated as a dataset here because it represents a structured compilation of records that are tracked and reported, which is essential for measuring project outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 41 of 94 which refugees ) managed drinking water services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1136, + 1144, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "type": "progress report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the structured collection of data compiled from municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports, which is used for monitoring the impact of the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'reported in PMU progress reports'", + "mentioned as part of project monitoring, not as an independent data source", + "described in the context of compiling data rather than a direct dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'PMU Data' appears to be closely associated with the management and reporting process of a project rather than standing alone as a dataset. The context indicates that the data is compiled from records by municipal PIUs and is used to inform PMU progress reports. This suggests that 'PMU Data' serves more as an aggregate of various metrics and records collected through the project infrastructure, rather than an independent dataset in its own right. The previous model extraction might have led to the confusion because 'PMU Data' is capitalized and aligns with a data context, yet it operates more as a concept or label for a collection of compiled reports than a singular structured dataset. Thus, while it encapsulates data, it essentially represents a category of information stemming from systems or project operations rather than a distinct source of data classification.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' refers to aggregated data tied to project operations rather than an independently defined dataset, leading to the conclusion that it's not a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 45, + "text": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 366, + 374, + "named" + ], + [ + 19, + 25, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 393, + 407, + "PMU Data <> author" + ], + [ + 424, + 444, + "PMU Data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "type": "progress report data", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the compiled data from municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU regarding beneficiaries of sanitation services, which is structured for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a compiled data source but functions more as a project-related name", + "mentioned alongside municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU, which indicates workflow or project involvement", + "not explicitly characterized as an independent dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, while 'PMU Data' is closely associated with semi-annual reports that compile information from municipal PIUs, it does not meet the criteria for being a dataset on its own. The term feels more like an informal reference to the data that is derived from the progress reports related to a project, indicating it is part of project outputs rather than a standalone structured dataset. The confusion may arise because 'PMU Data' is capitalized and might suggest a distinct data entity. However, the use of 'compiled by municipal PIUs' indicates this is more a label for sourced data rather than a self-contained dataset. Since it emphasizes a project dependency and does not function independently as a dataset, it should be classified differently.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' is not treated as a dataset in this instance because it serves as a project reference for compiled information rather than indicating a standalone structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 45, + "text": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 755, + "named" + ], + [ + 19, + 25, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 528, + 534, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "type": "progress report data", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the compiled data from municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports, which is structured for analysis of sanitation service beneficiaries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018compiled by municipal PIUs\u2019", + "describes structured records", + "indicates monitoring of specific indicators regarding beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The phrase 'PMU Data' appears in the context of reports compiled by municipal PIUs, suggesting it refers to a set of structured records that offer insights into sanitation service beneficiaries. Although 'PMU' could indicate a project management unit or system, its mention here is closely associated with ongoing reporting and record-keeping, which leans toward it being treated as a dataset. The presence of terms like 'compiled' and 'recorded' in proximity indicates that this data is intended for analytical purposes. However, the model may have been confused because 'PMU' might suggest a broader management infrastructure or project, yet the context makes it clear that this term is specifically referring to the data generated and collected, not merely the institution or system that facilitates it. Hence, I conclude it functions as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' behaves as a dataset because it refers to structured records compiled for reporting purposes, despite potential confusion due to its project or system-like connotations." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 42 of 94 refugees ) managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 635, + 643, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 693, + 713, + "PMU Data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project.", + "type": "progress report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the compiled data from municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports, which is structured information used for analysis of the project's impact.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as reports from PMU Data to be compiled", + "mentioned as part of project structure rather than a standalone dataset", + "project infrastructure referenced in relation to data handling" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' appears to refer more to a system of data management related to the project rather than an independent dataset. The passage discusses PMU Data within the framework of project operations, especially with phrases like 'Semi-annually Reports from PMU Data' and how it's compiled and recorded by municipal PIUs. This indicates a reporting system or a management information system (MIS) that facilitates data collection and processing for project evaluation rather than serving as a direct dataset containing raw or structured data. The model might have misinterpreted 'PMU Data' as directly equating to a dataset due to its capitalization and proximity to phrases that suggest data reporting ('uses data from'), but it lacks the characteristic of being a concrete dataset itself. Consequently, this term functions more as an infrastructural element that collects and compiles data rather than representing dataset in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' refers to a management system that compiles and reports data for the project's progress, rather than being a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Municipal Services Improvement Project in Refugee Affected Areas ( P169996 ) Page 42 of 94 refugees ) managed sanitation services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities as a result of the project This indicator measures the cumulative number of people benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1130, + 1138, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PMU Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 693, + 713, + "PMU Data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which female ) This indicator measures the percentage of female benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs.", + "type": "progress report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to the compiled data from municipal PIUs and recorded in progress reports, which is structured information used for analysis of the project's impact.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on updated beneficiary's records\u2019", + "described as compiled data in progress reports", + "suggests structured information used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' refers to the structured information gathered from municipal PIUs and reported in progress reports. The phrase 'semi-annually Reports from PMU Data' indicates that this data is regularly compiled and utilized for project analysis, supporting the assertion that it is a dataset. Despite potential confusion around whether 'PMU Data' could be interpreted as a project name or a system, the key contextual cues reveal it as a source of information rather than an abstract concept. Furthermore, it appears that this data aggregates records used for analysis, which aligns with the definition of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' is treated as a dataset in this context because it represents compiled records specifically used for analysis and reporting within the project." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 368, + 376, + "named" + ], + [ + 395, + 409, + "PMU Data <> author" + ], + [ + 426, + 446, + "PMU Data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to compiled reports that include structured data on beneficiaries of solid waste services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as reports from PMU Data", + "mentioned in connection with municipal PIUs", + "not explicitly defined as a data source but as part of a reporting mechanism" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'PMU Data' is referenced in relation to semi-annual reports and is tied closely to municipal PIUs. It appears to be used more as a descriptor for a set of reports that compile information rather than a concrete dataset itself. It lacks specificity as a source of structured data; instead, it indicates an ongoing reporting process. The confusion may arise because it is a named entity that suggests it contains data, but its contextual usage leans more towards an operational function of reporting information rather than being a standalone dataset. If this term had been referred to as containing specific records or statistics, it might have been treated as a dataset, but the language suggests a broader role focused on reporting data rather than being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' behaves more like a reporting mechanism that compiles information from municipal PIUs rather than a distinct dataset. It is not explicitly presented as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 46, + "text": "Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which host community ) This indicator measures the percentage of host community benefitted from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities that have been provided through this Project. Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 750, + 758, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU progress reports, based on updated beneficiary \u2019 s records from respective SKIs. Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU People benefitting from safely managed solid waste services in the selected municipalities ( out of which This indicator measures the percentage of refugees benefitted from safely Semi - annually Reports from PMU Data to be compiled by municipal PIUs and recorded in PMU Municipal PIUs and ILBANK PMU", + "type": "progress report", + "explanation": "PMU Data refers to compiled data from municipal PIUs regarding beneficiaries of solid waste services, which is structured for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as PMU Data without explicit reference to being a dataset", + "mentioned as part of reports and not emphasized as a standalone data source", + "context suggests a tracking or reporting mechanism rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMU Data' appears to be more of a reporting structure or organizational reference rather than a standalone dataset. While it is associated with municipal progress reports and beneficiary tracking, the phrasing does not clearly indicate that it compiles actual raw data or structured records for analysis. Instead, it seems to function more as a label for a process of data compilation from municipal PIUs. The model might have been confused because the term 'PMU Data' is capitalized and resembles a formal dataset name, combined with phrases that imply data usage (e.g., 'compiled by municipal PIUs'). However, the context of reports and the absence of specific data extraction or storage references suggest that 'PMU Data' is more a project aspect or information system rather than a concrete dataset. This ambiguity in terminology and context might lead automated extraction systems to misclassify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'PMU Data' is not treated as a real dataset in this instance due to its role as a reporting reference rather than an actual data compilation source." + }, + { + "filename": "062_Turkey-Municipal-Services-Improvement-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "FRIT MSP will also rely on the same systems and the accounting and reporting for the project will also be fully integrated into the IL_BIS system. ILBANK will conduct the necessary modifications / additions to the IL_BIS system and these arrangements are expected to be in place before project effectiveness. 16. ILBANK has robust systems, manuals and guidelines regulating the internal controls environment. The accounting and reporting systems at ILBANK are geared toward producing statements and information as required by Turkish laws and regulations. Additionally, lLBANK has developed and executed specific internal control procedures for the implementation of the foreign financed projects including the SCP Program and these procedures are clearly defined in the project financial management manual which is available in the ILBANK web-site. 17. FRIT MSP will disburse through sub-loans and grant agreements that will be made between ILBANK and qualifying municipalities and utilities. The municipalities will submit the payment requests to the PMU after verifying completeness of all documentation is complete will prepare the payment order through its financial management department. The payment will be made directly from the designated accounts to the constructer \u2019 s bank account. 18. The PMU has been utilizing detailed checklists that are completed and signed by the relevant staff before processing the payments.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 132, + 145, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "FRIT MSP will also rely on the same systems and the accounting and reporting for the project will also be fully integrated into the IL_BIS system. ILBANK will conduct the necessary modifications / additions to the IL_BIS system and these arrangements are expected to be in place before project effectiveness.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IL_BIS system refers to an accounting and reporting system, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting and reporting system", + "mentioned in the context of project support", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'IL_BIS system', I noticed that it is explicitly described as an accounting and reporting system, which generally indicates it serves as a framework for managing and organizing financial information rather than a dataset intended for research or analysis. The surrounding context focuses on the modifications and integrations necessary for project effectiveness, which further emphasizes its role as infrastructure rather than as a data source. If the term had been mentioned in the context of providing specific data points or records, or if it was listed alongside defined datasets, there might have been grounds to consider it a dataset. However, as it stands, the term appears to be describing a system that supports project functionality rather than a structured data source. Models might have been confused due to the capitalization and structuring resembling datasets, especially if it followed phrases like 'uses data from' without clear indicators that it serves merely as a tool or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'IL_BIS system' does not refer to a dataset in this context but rather an accounting and reporting system that supports project management." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 11 of 101 marriage in the world, with 77 percent of the girls being married before the age of 18 ( Demographic and Health Survey 2012 ) and 28 percent before the age of 15. 12. Niger \u2019 s security situation further complicates the delivery of basic education services in certain areas. The regions of Diffa, Tahoua, and Tillaberi, already characterized by high levels of poverty, are particularly affected by attacks by armed groups and extremists resulting in forced displacement of populations and school closures. For the academic year 2018 \u2013 2019, more than a hundred schools have been closed due terrorist threats on teachers, population, and security forces and burning of classrooms. 9 Since October 2018, 30 schools have been closed in the Diffa region due to insecurity. With the recent deterioration of the situation along the border with Burkina Faso, 128 primary schools and 17 secondary schools have suspended their activities in the Tillaberi region. In response, since March 2017, the Government of Niger declared a state of emergency in 12 departments in the regions of Tillaberi and Tahoua along the border of Burkina Faso and Mali.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 191, + 220, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 148, + 153, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 221, + 225, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 269, + 274, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 392, + 397, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 399, + 405, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1038, + 1047, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1191, + 1197, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 11 of 101 marriage in the world, with 77 percent of the girls being married before the age of 18 ( Demographic and Health Survey 2012 ) and 28 percent before the age of 15. 12.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding demographic and health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside specific demographic statistics", + "aggregates structured data on health and demographics", + "context suggests it's part of a recognized series of surveys used in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' is presented as a source from which specific data about marriage rates among girls is derived. Given that it includes references to structured data on demographic and health indicators, and is recognized as a standard series used in empirical research, it fits the criteria of a dataset. The confusion might arise because it is encapsulated in a long title that could imply a larger project or program. However, the way it\u2019s referenced here indicates its use as a data source, rather than just labeling a project or system alone, thus it should be recognized as a dataset. Models could mistakenly categorize it as a project if they focus solely on the name rather than its functional use in context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is referenced as a source of structured data on demographic statistics, particularly evident from its application in the analysis of marriage rates among girls. The survey itself is a well-established dataset in public health research." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "According to the SDI survey, during unannounced inspection visits, 16. 6 percent of teachers were absent from school, and 27 percent were absent from the classroom. On average, the actual teaching time in public schools is just over 4 hours per day, or nearly 1. 5 hours below the policy. Furthermore, school directors are not equipped with the necessary skills to effectively manage schools, as they receive little training. In addition, the existing 470 school inspectorates in the eight regions are currently unable to play a critical role in improving teaching given the inadequate pedagogical support staff to teacher ratio and limited resources. 16. Weak educational inputs in the classroom and weak management of resources also hamper the learning process. While the student-teacher ratio in primary schools at the national level has improved with a ratio of 37 to 1, there are large disparities across regions. For example, the differences range from 26 to 1 in Diffa to 45 to 1 in Maradi. The same holds true for the student-teacher ratio at the secondary level. In 29 percent of cases, the distribution of teachers is based on criteria other than the number of pupils, which reflects the lack of coherence in the management of teachers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 17, + 27, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 92, + "SDI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 774, + 795, + "SDI survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 970, + 975, + "SDI survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 990, + 996, + "SDI survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to the SDI survey, during unannounced inspection visits, 16. 6 percent of teachers were absent from school, and 27 percent were absent from the classroom.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SDI survey is a structured collection of data regarding teacher attendance and educational inputs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to'", + "described with specific statistics", + "implies a systematic collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SDI survey' functions as a structured data source from which statistics and field observations are derived. The phrase 'According to the SDI survey' indicates the findings are based on collected information, suggesting it has a formal methodology likely to produce a dataset, particularly one specific to teacher attendance. There is no indication that it functions purely as a project or tool without direct data significance. The model may have initially thought this could be vague or misidentified as a project because it carries the term 'survey,' but the direct association with specific statistics clearly indicates its role as a dataset here, as it is presented as the source for the provided data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SDI survey' is considered a dataset because it is referenced as a source for specific metrics related to teacher attendance, following a phrase that indicates its findings are drawn from a systematic collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "Poor instructional conditions and weak management are also characterized by a lack of textbooks and guides and an imbalanced distribution of resources. The SDI survey showed that 91. 3 percent of the pupils surveyed did not have textbooks and only 23. 4 percent of public schools had minimum equipment. 17. A complex curriculum reform in national languages has been under way for more than a decade. Planned in 2004 and launched in 2009, the MEP officially started its piloting in 2012. The curriculum reform was subsequently rolled out in Grade 1 with five national languages in 500 pilot schools in 2015 10 Occasional professional development opportunities are provided through classroom training, distance learning, training through pedagogical advisory units at the local level ( Pedagogical Advisory Unit [ Cellule d \u2019 Animation P\u00e9dagogique, CAPED ] and mini-CAPED [ CAPED at school level ] ), and inspection visits. 11 In Niger, only 24 percent of teaching staff are civil servants. The majority of teachers ( 75. 4 percent ), are \u2018 contractual teachers \u2019 ( enseignants contractuels ) with fixed-term contracts and reduced salaries, and often no prior training. A minority of teachers ( 0. 6 percent ) are volunteers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 156, + 166, + "named" + ], + [ + 200, + 206, + "SDI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 481, + 485, + "SDI survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 928, + 933, + "SDI survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poor instructional conditions and weak management are also characterized by a lack of textbooks and guides and an imbalanced distribution of resources. The SDI survey showed that 91. 3 percent of the pupils surveyed did not have textbooks and only 23.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SDI survey is a structured collection of data regarding the availability of textbooks and resources in schools, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'shows that'", + "described as a survey that gathers data", + "provides specific numerical data regarding a surveyed population" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'SDI survey' refers to a specific survey that collected data about the availability of textbooks and resources. The phrase 'showed that' indicates that the survey itself produced findings based on structured data collection. While it could potentially refer to a project name, the explicit mention of survey results suggests that it is functioning as a dataset in this instance, as it is presenting numerical data that implies a systematic collection of information. The model might have been confused because 'SDI' could also look like an acronym for a system or project rather than a dataset; however, the reporting of statistical results clarifies its role here as a data source rather than a mere infrastructure. Therefore, despite potential confusion regarding its designation, it behaves as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SDI survey' is treated as a dataset here because it directly reports specific findings based on structured data collection, indicating that it functions as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The inefficiencies of teacher management are symptomatic of a lack of high managerial and technical capacity to provide a clear strategic and operational direction for the sector and limited capacity for personnel planning, management, and supervision. ( b ) There is no systematic approach to assess student learning. Because Niger does not have a national system with adequate structure, mechanisms, and skilled staff to carry out large-scale standardized assessments of student outcomes, the Ministries of Education resort to international comparative assessments such as PASEC or SDI and occasionally administer numeracy, literacy, or subject tests on a sample or an ad hoc basis. In the face of limited assessment data, the Government is unable to act upon evidence and align system elements to address learning gaps. ( c ) There is limited capacity to produce, manage, and analyze education data for planning purposes at all levels ( national, regional, and school ). This constrains the Government \u2019 s ability to pilot approaches in the education system and introduce accountability and transparency mechanisms. Data are generally collected using cumbersome paper-based questionnaires at the school level and processed at the central level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 575, + 580, + "named" + ], + [ + 327, + 332, + "PASEC <> data geography" + ], + [ + 616, + 652, + "PASEC <> data description" + ], + [ + 887, + 901, + "PASEC <> data type" + ], + [ + 1165, + 1191, + "PASEC <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( b ) There is no systematic approach to assess student learning. Because Niger does not have a national system with adequate structure, mechanisms, and skilled staff to carry out large-scale standardized assessments of student outcomes, the Ministries of Education resort to international comparative assessments such as PASEC or SDI and occasionally administer numeracy, literacy, or subject tests on a sample or an ad hoc basis. In the face of limited assessment data, the Government is unable to act upon evidence and align system elements to address learning gaps.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PASEC refers to an international comparative assessment that collects data on student learning outcomes, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as an international comparative assessment that collects data on student learning outcomes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PASEC' is referenced as a source for international comparative assessments of student learning outcomes. The phrase 'international comparative assessments such as PASEC' suggests that it performs the function of a structured collection of data, aligned with datasets that provide evidence for evaluating educational outcomes. The model may have considered it a dataset due to its association with data collection and analysis of student learning\u2014especially given that it is not merely a project name or a system designed to manage data, but rather it is involved in generating and providing assessment data directly. However, the line can sometimes blur if PASEC were described merely as an initiative or program without emphasis on its data-driven function. Here, because of the specific mention of data collection and its role in analysis, it reinforces the interpretation of PASEC as a dataset rather than just a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PASEC is treated as a dataset in this context as it actively collects and provides data for educational assessments, distinguishing it from being merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The inefficiencies of teacher management are symptomatic of a lack of high managerial and technical capacity to provide a clear strategic and operational direction for the sector and limited capacity for personnel planning, management, and supervision. ( b ) There is no systematic approach to assess student learning. Because Niger does not have a national system with adequate structure, mechanisms, and skilled staff to carry out large-scale standardized assessments of student outcomes, the Ministries of Education resort to international comparative assessments such as PASEC or SDI and occasionally administer numeracy, literacy, or subject tests on a sample or an ad hoc basis. In the face of limited assessment data, the Government is unable to act upon evidence and align system elements to address learning gaps. ( c ) There is limited capacity to produce, manage, and analyze education data for planning purposes at all levels ( national, regional, and school ). This constrains the Government \u2019 s ability to pilot approaches in the education system and introduce accountability and transparency mechanisms. Data are generally collected using cumbersome paper-based questionnaires at the school level and processed at the central level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 584, + 587, + "named" + ], + [ + 327, + 332, + "SDI <> data geography" + ], + [ + 887, + 901, + "SDI <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( b ) There is no systematic approach to assess student learning. Because Niger does not have a national system with adequate structure, mechanisms, and skilled staff to carry out large-scale standardized assessments of student outcomes, the Ministries of Education resort to international comparative assessments such as PASEC or SDI and occasionally administer numeracy, literacy, or subject tests on a sample or an ad hoc basis. In the face of limited assessment data, the Government is unable to act upon evidence and align system elements to address learning gaps.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "SDI refers to an international comparative assessment used to evaluate student outcomes, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other assessments like PASEC", + "described as part of a broader context of comparative assessments", + "not explicitly described as a dataset of records or structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SDI' behaves more like an assessment methodology or framework rather than a specific dataset. While it is referenced alongside other comparative assessments, the language used in the sentence does not portray it as a concrete collection of data but rather as a tool or framework utilized by Ministries of Education. The phrase 'international comparative assessments' emphasizes that these assessments are not simply data sources but methods of evaluation, which can lead to confusion when determining whether they are datasets. A model might confuse 'SDI' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and its context in comparison with known datasets, potentially attributing it to a specific structured collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SDI' is not treated as a dataset in this context since it refers to a method of assessment rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 31, + "text": "The MEP and MES have recently developed plans and strategies to overcome HR deficiencies, 31 with support from World Bank Projects. 32 Building on the recommendations formulated in the validated HR strategy, the component will include ( a ) training of regional and local authorities in teacher management; ( b ) building capacity of HR directorates with planning and management tools as well as professional development opportunities; ( c ) strengthening the personnel database and staff capacity to use it; ( d ) completing the census for all teaching and administrative staff in both ministries to ensure adequate control and supervision; ( e ) reviewing and updating standards and legal texts on teacher deployment, mobility, and utilization; ( f ) implementing an online platform to manage the allocation and deployment process; ( g ) raising awareness and training of staff on the new HR legal texts; and ( h ) supporting the deployment and retention measures in refugee - hosting areas. Subcomponent 3. 3. Monitoring, Evaluation, and Accountability 48. This subcomponent will strengthen monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) and will enhance accountability measures. It will ( a ) strengthen the EMIS to allow for timely, reliable, and disaggregated education data and the establishment of community-based monitoring mechanisms.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1201, + 1205, + "named" + ], + [ + 111, + 130, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 460, + 478, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1295, + 1332, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This subcomponent will strengthen monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) and will enhance accountability measures. It will ( a ) strengthen the EMIS to allow for timely, reliable, and disaggregated education data and the establishment of community-based monitoring mechanisms.", + "type": "education data system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system for collecting and managing education data, which is used for research and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for collecting and managing education data", + "mentioned in the context of strengthening monitoring and evaluation", + "not referred to as a data source specifically" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referenced as a system designed to enhance education data collection and management rather than as a standalone dataset. It is associated more with strengthening processes and ensuring reliable data flow, which suggests its role as infrastructure rather than a concrete source of data. Phrases like 'strengthen' and 'enhance' point to its function as a tool or project, which can lead to confusion for models that may recognize any structured or named entity as a potential dataset. However, without explicit mention of it being used as a primary data source in a research or analysis capacity, it stands more as a system than a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is referenced as a management information system focused on education data collection, not as a standalone dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 31, + "text": "The EMIS will build on efforts that are under way including by UNICEF through Niger \u2019 s Data Must Speak initiative which creates data dashboards at the school level; ( b ) support ( i ) the implementation of a national standardized assessment of students; and ( ii ) building the capacity of National Assessment Unit; and ( c ) M & E results of the project literacy intervention ( under Subcomponent 1. 2 ); and ( d ) support teacher deployment and retention measures in refugee-hosting areas and training in contingency planning in the event of new influx of populations. 31 Notably, a census of contractual teachers was conducted, in 2018, with the establishment of a single identification mechanism, which led to the registration of all contractual teachers at the MEP. Recent efforts also include an organizational audit of MES, the elaboration and distribution of HR procedures manuals at the MEP, training of trainers on teacher management, diagnosis of HR functions at the MEP and MES, elaboration of a compendium of all HR legal texts, and the elaboration of a strategy to reform HR management in both ministries. 32 These include the Capacity and Performance of Public Sector for Service Delivery Project and Support to Quality Education Project ( Projet d \u2019 Appui \u00e0 une \u00c9ducation de Qualit\u00e9, PAEQ, P132405 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 8, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The EMIS will build on efforts that are under way including by UNICEF through Niger \u2019 s Data Must Speak initiative which creates data dashboards at the school level; ( b ) support ( i ) the implementation of a national standardized assessment of students; and ( ii ) building the capacity of National Assessment Unit; and ( c ) M & E results of the project literacy intervention ( under Subcomponent 1. 2 ); and ( d ) support teacher deployment and retention measures in refugee-hosting areas and training in contingency planning in the event of new influx of populations.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned in the context of supporting projects and initiatives", + "not explicitly referenced as a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for Education Management Information System, which indicates that it is more of a system or infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase highlights that the EMIS is building on existing efforts and supporting various educational initiatives rather than presenting itself as a direct data source. There are no phrases like 'uses data from' or direct references to it as a collection of data, which would typically indicate a dataset. Confusion could arise because systems like the EMIS collect and store data, and they may be referred to in a way that suggests they serve as data sources, but they are primarily functioning as platforms for managing that data rather than defining the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset, but rather as an information system that supports projects and initiatives in education." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "A separate manual of procedures will be endorsed to define the PBC process and the detailed roles and responsibilities of all actors at the central, regional, district, and school levels. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 79. The project will use the Results Framework to monitor and assess progress in the implementation of activities and in achievement of the PDO. The Results Framework includes PDO-level and intermediate results indicators, baselines and target values, frequency, data source methodology, and responsibilities for data collection. Where feasible, data collected will be disaggregated by gender and refugee status to monitor interventions \u2019 specific impact on these populations. Data to monitor the project and inform the indicators will be drawn from three main sources: official government data, surveys / evaluations, and progress reports produced by the PCU. In areas difficult to reach due to insecurity or conflict, the proposed project will use \u2018 Enhanced Monitoring and Evaluation \u2019 to monitor implementation progress for ongoing investments by geo-enabled methods and supplemented by community discussions. 80. The MEP and MES have low M & E capacity and producing timely and reliable data remains an issue. The ministries do not have an effective EMIS with data collection tools and processes, and school census are carried out through paper-based questionnaires.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1293, + 1297, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MEP and MES have low M & E capacity and producing timely and reliable data remains an issue. The ministries do not have an effective EMIS with data collection tools and processes, and school census are carried out through paper-based questionnaires.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "no mention of actual data collection or datasets", + "focus on lack of effective data collection tools and processes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is identified as an Education Management Information System. The use of EMIS indicates that it functions as a management tool for educational data rather than being a dataset itself. The preceding context highlights the limitations of the MEP and MES in terms of M&E capacity and mentions issues with data collection processes. This reinforces that EMIS is more of an institutional or infrastructure component rather than a direct data source. Additionally, it does not refer to specific datasets but rather indicates a systemic issue in data management. The model may have confused 'EMIS' as a dataset mention because it is prominently mentioned and has a proper name format, but it fundamentally serves as a system designed to organize and manage data instead of being a structured collection of records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an Education Management Information System, highlighting the system's operational challenges rather than specific datasets available for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 41, + "text": "It is expected that an M & E specialist will be recruited in the PCU to work closely with the MEP / MES and build government capacities to ensure that data collection, cleaning, analysis, and reporting are completed according to the project requirements within three months after project effectiveness. The project is also designed to support activities that will enhance the EMIS, modernize the information systems at the MEP and MES, and build the capacities of education staff in M & E as outlined in the project description. 81. The M & E activities will be performed by the TMC with regular implementation support from the World Bank. At the project level, the TMC, comprising the PCU and the MEP / MES component team leads, listed in annex 1, will meet with the World Bank team once a month to review the project \u2019 s implementation progress. The TMC will be responsible for preparing a semiannual report on progress of the project, including indicators of the project \u2019 s Results Framework. These reports will cover six-month periods across the life of the project and will be delivered to the World Bank within 30 days following the end of the period covered and for the World Bank \u2019 s implementation support missions.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 376, + 380, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It is expected that an M & E specialist will be recruited in the PCU to work closely with the MEP / MES and build government capacities to ensure that data collection, cleaning, analysis, and reporting are completed according to the project requirements within three months after project effectiveness. The project is also designed to support activities that will enhance the EMIS, modernize the information systems at the MEP and MES, and build the capacities of education staff in M & E as outlined in the project description. 81.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "works closely with MEP / MES", + "enhance the EMIS", + "mentioned within a project context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'EMIS' in this context is specifically mentioned as an Education Management Information System. The inclusion of terms like 'modernize the information systems' and references to the capacities of education staff further solidifies its role as a system rather than a dataset. It does not appear to be treated as a standalone source of data itself but rather as a component of the overall project aimed at improving educational data management. The model might have confused this mention as a dataset because it is mentioned in a technical context regarding data management and is closely associated with processes of data collection and analysis.However, since it is referenced as a system designed to support activities rather than a specific collection of data, it does not meet the criteria for being a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but as an information system that manages educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "While the elements discussed earlier support the overall sustainability of the project \u2019 s objective, the limited fiscal space and the volatility of the security context may pose challenges for the sustainability of some of the activities in the long term. The aim of the project is to improve the quality of teaching and learning and strengthen education planning and management. The majority of the project \u2019 s funding is allocated to quality improvement and capacity building, which has minor implications on the fiscal space of the Government. Some of the activities, however, may imply incremental costs whose management by the government budget remains uncertain, such as the financing of school grants. It is expected that being able to demonstrate measurable impact of these activities on the improvement of teaching practices and learning outcomes will help mobilize additional domestic resources and attract further external financing needed to improve the education system in Niger. IV. PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY A. Technical, Economic and Financial Analysis 85. The design of project activities was informed by international and national evidence of good practices, which ensures its technical viability. The technical design of the project took into consideration capacity constraints and lessons learned from previous operations in Niger, particularly the GPE-PAEQ, and was supported by analytical work, such as the World Development Report 2018 and the Ending Learning Poverty Report, as well as relevant TA such as the Advisory Services and Analytics on Makaranta schools ( P168795 ), whose findings informed a project subcomponent. 86. The proposed project uses the 2014 household survey National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture ( Enqu\u00eate nationale sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages et l \u2019 Agriculture, ECVMA ) and recent administrative data to identify target beneficiaries ( both in terms of poverty profile and geographic areas ) and estimate the economic and social benefits of the project. Econometric methods", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1705, + 1767, + "named" + ], + [ + 987, + 992, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1346, + 1351, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1683, + 1687, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1688, + 1704, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> data type" + ], + [ + 1865, + 1884, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> data type" + ], + [ + 1897, + 1917, + "National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "86. The proposed project uses the 2014 household survey National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture ( Enqu\u00eate nationale sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages et l \u2019 Agriculture, ECVMA ) and recent administrative data to identify target beneficiaries ( both in terms of poverty profile and geographic areas ) and estimate the economic and social benefits of the project. Econometric methods", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described explicitly as a survey", + "clearly involved in statistical analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture' is presented clearly within a context that emphasizes its role as a data source for analysis. The phrase 'uses the 2014 household survey' indicates that the survey itself is the source of structured data used in the econometric analysis. This explicit indication aligns with typical references to datasets, where the main purpose of the survey is to collect and provide data. While the term could appear to resemble a project name or a broader information system, the specific reference to it as a survey solidifies its status as a dataset. The model may have been confused due to the lengthy and formal name that suggests a project or system, yet the context clarifies it is being used as a concrete data source focused on analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'National Survey on Household Living Conditions and Agriculture' is indeed referenced as a dataset, as it is explicitly described as a survey and is the primary source of structured data being utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 54, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 48 of 101 ( refugee, host, general ), regions and districts. Female Out-of-school children and adolescents benefiting from direct interventions to support learning ( disaggregated by general population, host communities and refugees ) Beneficiaries include children and adolescents age 7-16 who are out-of - school and / or attending Makarantas schools. Annual Project data Reports from learning interventions. Efforts will be made to report disaggregated data per age, category of population ( general population, host communities, refugees ), regions and districts. PCU Female Primary and lower secondary schools benefiting from a performance grant and meeting the minimum requirements in terms of teaching and learning conditions Tracks whether project funded school grants are used to improve teaching / learning conditions at school level. Minimum requirements defined in Y1 and will include sub - indicators on the availability of essential inputs, differentiated for primary and lower secondary schools. Annual Project data Drawing from SDI survey methodology, data will be collected through visual inspections of classrooms and school premises in each primary and lower secondary schools surveyed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1136, + 1146, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SDI survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 153, + 198, + "SDI survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 446, + 465, + "SDI survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Minimum requirements defined in Y1 and will include sub - indicators on the availability of essential inputs, differentiated for primary and lower secondary schools. Annual Project data Drawing from SDI survey methodology, data will be collected through visual inspections of classrooms and school premises in each primary and lower secondary schools surveyed.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SDI survey refers to a structured collection of data collected through visual inspections of classrooms and school premises, which is used for research and analysis in the context of the education project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a methodology for data collection", + "implies structured data collection from visual inspections", + "project data collected through SDI survey methodology" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SDI survey' is framed as a methodology from which data is collected, specifically mentioning visual inspections of classrooms. This suggests a structured approach to gathering data about education inputs, which typically falls under the umbrella of a dataset rather than a mere project or system. The language used indicates that the survey generates specific actionable data points. However, there is a potential for confusion due to its reference as 'project data,' which could lead some models to misclassify it as just a project. Ultimately, since it refers to a method used to collect quantifiable data, it behaves like a dataset here, even if the survey itself may not be the final data file, but more of a framework that facilitates data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SDI survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it describes a structured methodology for collecting data via visual inspections, indicating that it generates quantifiable information relevant for research and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 56, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 50 of 101 visits but may be also used be external observers. COT is accompanied by classroom observation report. Considered established once designed, piloted by DFIC ( w / external support ) and validated by MEP / MES. of the process ( conception of the tools, validation and piloting ) consolidated by DFIC and transmitted to the PCU Number of basic education teachers participating in the new coaching activities Number of primary / lower secondary school teachers benefiting from new coaching activities. Measures number of teachers who attend all group meetings organized by CAPED / UP in the 4 weeks preceding time of measurement. Annual Project data - reports from training interventions Reports from CAPED and UP meetings will be prepared by the facilitators, consolidated by DFIC and transmitted to PCU. Efforts will be made to report disaggregated data by gender, cycle of education ( primary and lower secondary ), regions and districts. DFIC with support from PCU Number of coaching facilitators trained Beneficiaries are pedagogical advisors, school inspectors, school directors and experienced teachers who act as facilitators for the coaching activities. Annual Project data - Reports from training interventions Training reports will be prepared and transmitted by DFIC to the PCU.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 153, + 156, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 50 of 101 visits but may be also used be external observers. COT is accompanied by classroom observation report. Considered established once designed, piloted by DFIC ( w / external support ) and validated by MEP / MES.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "COT refers to a program or initiative related to classroom observation and coaching activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a program or initiative", + "not referred to as a data source", + "accompanied by a classroom observation report, indicating it serves a non-dataset function" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'COT' within the provided context, it's clear that 'COT' refers to a program or initiative rather than an actual dataset. The sentence presents 'COT' as something that is designed, piloted, and validated, which are indicators of a project or a program rather than a structured data collection source. The reference to a 'classroom observation report' further emphasizes that while 'COT' may involve data collection in a practical sense, it is not being characterized as a dataset itself. Key phrases like 'accompanied by' suggest that 'COT' serves a functional role in the observation process rather than being a repository of discrete data points. The model might have been confused because 'COT' is capitalized and presented prominently, which might lead to the assumption that it is a specific data source, especially in the absence of direct qualifiers that clearly define it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'COT' is better understood as a program or initiative related to classroom observations, rather than an actual dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 85, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 79 of 101 Focus Skills Needed Annual Resource Estimate ( Staff Weeks ) First 12 months \u2022 Environmental and social safeguards monitoring and reporting \u2022 EMIS and school mapping \u2022 Design and baseline of impact evaluation \u2022 Preparation of teacher training modules \u2022 M & E ( surveys ) \u2022 Procurement training and supervision \u2022 Environment and social monitoring and reporting \u2022 Impact evaluation specialist \u2022 Institutional capacity building Environmental: 5 Social: 5 Administrative support: 10 Years 2-6 \u2022 Team leadership \u2022 Technical review / support \u2022 Implementation support and supervision \u2022 Fiduciary support and management \u2022 Environmental and social safeguards monitoring and reporting \u2022 Monitoring and reporting \u2022 Student learning assessment \u2022 Project impact evaluation \u2022 Technical expertise for teacher quality, PBC, school grants, civil works, governance, accountability, gender, IT, teacher training \u2022 Procurement management \u2022 FM and disbursement-related support \u2022 Monitoring and reporting \u2022 Program supervision and monitoring and reporting \u2022 Learning assessment specialist \u2022 Impact evaluation specialist Task team leaders: 90 Education / operations specialists: 150 Education specialist: 150 M & E: 25 Procurement: 30 FM: 25 Environmental: 25 Social: 25 Administrative support: 50 Table 1. 8.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 244, + 248, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 253, + 267, + "EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 79 of 101 Focus Skills Needed Annual Resource Estimate ( Staff Weeks ) First 12 months \u2022 Environmental and social safeguards monitoring and reporting \u2022 EMIS and school mapping \u2022 Design and baseline of impact evaluation \u2022 Preparation of teacher training modules \u2022 M & E ( surveys ) \u2022 Procurement training and supervision \u2022 Environment and social monitoring and reporting \u2022 Impact evaluation specialist \u2022 Institutional capacity building Environmental: 5 Social: 5 Administrative support: 10 Years 2-6 \u2022 Team leadership \u2022 Technical review / support \u2022 Implementation support and supervision \u2022 Fiduciary support and management \u2022 Environmental and social safeguards monitoring and reporting \u2022 Monitoring and reporting \u2022 Student learning assessment \u2022 Project impact evaluation \u2022 Technical expertise for teacher quality, PBC, school grants, civil works, governance, accountability, gender, IT, teacher training \u2022 Procurement management \u2022 FM and disbursement-related support \u2022 Monitoring and reporting \u2022 Program supervision and monitoring and reporting \u2022 Learning assessment specialist \u2022 Impact evaluation specialist Task team leaders: 90 Education / operations specialists: 150 Education specialist: 150 M & E: 25 Procurement: 30 FM: 25 Environmental: 25 Social: 25 Administrative support: 50 Table 1. 8.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list with project tasks rather than as a data source", + "lacks direct association with data collection or analysis", + "appears alongside a variety of project activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'EMIS' likely refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a tool or system used for managing and storing educational data rather than a specific dataset itself. The surrounding text highlights several project tasks without a clear indication that EMIS is the primary data source for analysis, instead presenting it as part of a larger operational framework for the project. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of EMIS (suggesting a proper noun) and its common use as a reference to structured data collection in education settings. However, it primarily serves as an infrastructural tool and is not described in this instance as containing specific datasets or statistics for direct analysis. Thus, it does not fulfill the criteria of being a dataset in this context, as it is primarily contextualized as a system within numerous project tasks, not as a standalone collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' functions as a management information system for education, not as a standalone dataset, as it is emphasized in the broader scope of project activities rather than as a specific source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Niger Learning Improvement for Results in Education Project ( P168779 ) Page 87 of 101 households ( 58 percent ) than in richest households ( 63 percent ). Figure 3. 2 also shows regional disparities in terms of PCR. For instance, the PCR rate is higher in Niamey ( 118 percent ), the capital city, while it is only 19 percent in Diffa. Figure 3. 2. PCR by Socioeconomic Status Source: Authors \u2019 estimations based on ECVMA 2014. 4. Learning outcomes in Niger are particularly low, results from the 2014 PASEC show that only 9 percent of Grade 6 children reach sufficient competency threshold in reading and the proportion is only 8 percent in mathematics. In addition, the project supports activities to create an enabling environment for inclusive learning to promote school retention and learning. An emphasis is placed on the provision of alternative forms of quality education for vulnerable and out-of-school children as about half of children ages 7 \u2013 16 are not in school, and the out-of-school incidence varies largely across regions and wealth backgrounds. Furthermore, children in Niger can expect to complete only 5. 3 years of preprimary, primary, and secondary school by 18 years. However, when the years of schooling are adjusted for quality of learning, this is only equivalent to 2. 6 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 518, + 523, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "PASEC <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 20, + "PASEC <> data geography" + ], + [ + 272, + 278, + "PASEC <> data geography" + ], + [ + 438, + 442, + "PASEC <> publication year" + ], + [ + 468, + 473, + "PASEC <> data geography" + ], + [ + 513, + 517, + "PASEC <> publication year" + ], + [ + 552, + 568, + "PASEC <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1106, + 1111, + "PASEC <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4. Learning outcomes in Niger are particularly low, results from the 2014 PASEC show that only 9 percent of Grade 6 children reach sufficient competency threshold in reading and the proportion is only 8 percent in mathematics. In addition, the project supports activities to create an enabling environment for inclusive learning to promote school retention and learning.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PASEC refers to an assessment that provides structured data on learning outcomes in education, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as showing results", + "implies structured data from assessment", + "follows mention of low learning outcomes indicating a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, PASEC is referenced in relation to specific learning outcomes in Niger, citing percentages of competency levels among children. The phrasing 'results from the 2014 PASEC show...' indicates that PASEC serves as a source of structured data on educational outcomes, confirming its role as a dataset. While PASEC may also be associated with a project or an information system, the context suggests an emphasis on its function as a data source for analysis. The model might have been confused by its nature as an assessment initiative or program but the explicit mention of 'results from' clarifies its role as a dataset rather than just a project or system. This contextual cue strongly indicates a direct use of data from the assessment, validating it as a dataset for this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PASEC is treated as a dataset here because it provides structured data on learning outcomes as indicated by the phrase 'results from the 2014 PASEC show...'. The emphasis on concrete results confirms its status as a dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "063_Niger-Learning-Improvement-for-Results-in-Education-Project", + "page": 93, + "text": "An appropriate policy action is needed to improve the quality of education, which will increase the potential of the youth and equip them with the skills that will enable them to join the productive labor force. Returns to Education 5. In terms of the benefits of education, Niger \u2019 s labor market provides a strong signal that investment in education yields higher returns and better employment opportunities to both individuals and households and contributes to reducing inequality in access to education as well as post-education labor market outcomes. In Niger, evidence from the 2014 household survey, labelled ECVMA, reveals that higher levels of education are associated with better earnings, an increased probability of wage employment, and increased likelihood of finding employment in more productive sectors; and the 48 % 52 % 44 % 87 % 42 % 58 % 63 % 44 % 19 % 47 % 62 % 22 % 28 % 74 % 118 % National Male Female Urban Rural Q1 Q5 Agadez Diffa Dosso Maradi Tahoua Tillaberi Zinder Niamey Gender Area Wealth Quintile Region", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 616, + 621, + "named" + ], + [ + 275, + 280, + "ECVMA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 584, + 588, + "ECVMA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 589, + 605, + "ECVMA <> data type" + ], + [ + 703, + 743, + "ECVMA <> data description" + ], + [ + 904, + 936, + "ECVMA <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In terms of the benefits of education, Niger \u2019 s labor market provides a strong signal that investment in education yields higher returns and better employment opportunities to both individuals and households and contributes to reducing inequality in access to education as well as post-education labor market outcomes. In Niger, evidence from the 2014 household survey, labelled ECVMA, reveals that higher levels of education are associated with better earnings, an increased probability of wage employment, and increased likelihood of finding employment in more productive sectors; and the 48 % 52 % 44 % 87 % 42 % 58 % 63 % 44 % 19 % 47 % 62 % 22 % 28 % 74 % 118 % National Male Female Urban Rural Q1 Q5 Agadez Diffa Dosso Maradi Tahoua Tillaberi Zinder Niamey Gender Area Wealth Quintile Region", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "ECVMA refers to a household survey that collects data on education and labor market outcomes in Niger, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'evidence from the 2014 household survey'", + "described as a survey revealing data about education and labor market outcomes", + "contains structured data on earnings and employment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECVMA' refers explicitly to a 2014 household survey that reveals certain outcomes based on education. The text uses phrases that clearly link ECVMA as a source of evidence and structured data. Since it is labeled as a survey, it contains quantitative data that can be analyzed regarding employment and educational outcomes. Although it resembles a project name or a management information system due to its abbreviation, it is clear from the context that it holds structured data directly related to the research claim. Therefore, it should be treated as a dataset rather than simply a project or system. The model might have been confused due to its capitalized format and the abbreviation style common to dataset names.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'ECVMA' is considered a dataset because it directly refers to a household survey that collects and reveals structured data on education and labor market outcomes, making it a concrete data source used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "065_Mauritania-Decentralization-and-Productive-Cities-Support-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "For each of the three ministries, a focal point, selected from among the ministry staff, will ensure the overall coherence of the project activities with the government policy, and a decentralization specialist, 36 hired by project effectiveness, will be placed at the Ministry in charge of Decentralization. The PCU will provide implementation support for the execution of the activities. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 52. The PCU will develop an M & E framework to support project implementation. The M & E system will be a result-based framework and management tool, focusing on both project impacts and outcomes, as well as the regular monitoring of inputs and outputs covering the three project components. The M & E system will build on the existing M & E system from the relevant ministries with regard to LG performance, public investment monitoring, and access to electricity, as well as tools for asset management and service management that will be established by the project as part of the technical support to municipalities. 53. Digital innovations will be leveraged to support M & E of the project during implementation. In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the World Bank-financed PNIDDLE project will continue to be leveraged for this project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1249, + 1270, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Digital innovations will be leveraged to support M & E of the project during implementation. In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the World Bank-financed PNIDDLE project will continue to be leveraged for this project.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Kobo Toolbox Platform is a tool used for data collection and management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for monitoring and supervision", + "mentioned in connection with a project", + "not explicitly identified as a dataset", + "contains no indication of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Kobo Toolbox Platform' is presented as a tool that supports monitoring and evaluation (M & E) of the project, specifically mentioned in the context of its role within the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision (GEMS). This indicates that it functions as a framework for data collection and management rather than a specific dataset containing structured data. A model might confuse this term as a dataset due to its capitalization, which often signifies proper names or established entities. Additionally, the text describes its role in relation to project management rather than detailing it as a source of data for analysis. The mention alongside the World Bank-financed PNIDDLE project suggests an operational context rather than a direct data repository. It is clear from the context that this platform is part of the infrastructure supporting data activities rather than providing raw data itself, leading me to determine that it does not qualify as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Kobo Toolbox Platform' functions as a tool for data collection and management within a project framework and does not represent a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "065_Mauritania-Decentralization-and-Productive-Cities-Support-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "The GEMS will enable the PCU to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system. The platform will be customized to capture relevant indicators, photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and Global Positioning System coordinates that allow for automated geo - mapping of the project during implementation. Using these tools systematically allows the Government and the World Bank remote supervision, frequent safeguards monitoring, and coordination across projects and partners working in the same area. 54. The M & E process will involve data collection and reporting, production of periodic activity reports, and biannual reviews. Surveys will be conducted among economic actors of the seven cities of 35 The same team at SOMELEC will be overseeing the implementation of the AFD-funded RIMDIR and will benefit from the oversight of the RIMDIR PSC. 36 The specialist will be established in the same unit in charge of the AFD-funded DECLIC 1 and 2 projects to ensure synergies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 8, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The GEMS will enable the PCU to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system. The platform will be customized to capture relevant indicators, photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and Global Positioning System coordinates that allow for automated geo - mapping of the project during implementation.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "GEMS refers to a platform for data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for data collection", + "not explicitly referenced as a source of structured records", + "supports a centralized M & E system but does not provide data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GEMS' is described as a platform that facilitates data collection and structuring. The text emphasizes its role in capturing indicators and other multimedia elements, suggesting that it functions as an infrastructure rather than providing a concrete dataset. It is positioned more as a tool or a system that will aggregate and potentially produce data, yet it doesn't imply that 'GEMS' itself represents a distinct dataset that can be analyzed independently.\n\nThe confusion may arise because it follows phrases that hint at data usage, yet no explicit indication suggests it operates as 'a dataset.' Instead, it embodies system attributes. In contexts where models may expect mentions of concrete datasets after operational verbs like 'uses data from,' they might misclassify 'GEMS' if not carefully parsing the text to discern between systems and data. The labeling as 'named' might also add to this confusion, as it seems like a proper name but fundamentally refers to a data collection framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'GEMS' is not a dataset; it is a platform for data collection and management, thus functioning more as an infrastructure or tool rather than as a distinct dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 10, + "text": "Of the few women active in Jordan \u2019 s labor market, a large share is unemployed ( 23 percent of the female labor force is unemployed, compared to 13 percent of the male labor force ), with young women particularly disadvantaged ( 55 percent of female youth are unemployed, compared to 33 percent of male youth ). The government has recently strengthened its commitment to gender equality and female social and economic empowerment through Jordan \u2019 s Renaissance Plan 2019-2020 and through its the Women 1 Department of Statistics, Jordan ( Q3 2019 ) 2 International Labor Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in Sept 2019. 3 The gender analysis in this document has been adapted from \u201c Jordan: Improving Women Economic Opportunities - Select Entry Points for Policy Dialogue and Operational Interventions \u201d, World Bank ( June 2019 ). 4 World Development Indicators. Data retrieved in June 2019 Figure 1: The Job Challenge", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 586, + 602, + "named" + ], + [ + 27, + 33, + "ILOSTAT database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 100, + 118, + "ILOSTAT database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 439, + 445, + "ILOSTAT database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 537, + "ILOSTAT database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 540, + 547, + "ILOSTAT database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 552, + 584, + "ILOSTAT database <> author" + ], + [ + 622, + 631, + "ILOSTAT database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 696, + 702, + "ILOSTAT database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Of the few women active in Jordan \u2019 s labor market, a large share is unemployed ( 23 percent of the female labor force is unemployed, compared to 13 percent of the male labor force ), with young women particularly disadvantaged ( 55 percent of female youth are unemployed, compared to 33 percent of male youth ). The government has recently strengthened its commitment to gender equality and female social and economic empowerment through Jordan \u2019 s Renaissance Plan 2019-2020 and through its the Women 1 Department of Statistics, Jordan ( Q3 2019 ) 2 International Labor Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in Sept 2019.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The ILOSTAT database is a structured collection of labor statistics used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018data retrieved from\u2019", + "enumerated alongside a known statistical agency (Department of Statistics, Jordan)", + "described explicitly as a 'database' which implies data storage", + "in the context of labor statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'ILOSTAT database' is clearly referenced following the mention of the Department of Statistics, Jordan, and denoted in relation to specific labor statistics. The phrase \u2018data retrieved in Sept 2019\u2019 indicates that this is a source of structured records concerning labor statistics, which is categorized as a dataset. Although 'ILOSTAT' could potentially refer to an information system or platform, its explicit designation as a 'database' in conjunction with the retrieval of actual data suggests it's functioning as a data source for this analysis. This clear phrasing and context leads me to conclude it indeed qualifies as a dataset. The confusion may arise from the term 'database', which could imply a broader system, but the context implies it is the actual collection of this data being cited.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ILOSTAT database' is indeed treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a source of specific labor statistics, is structured, and follows a phrase that highlights data retrieval, indicating its role as a data source rather than merely a system or project." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 10, + "text": "Of the few women active in Jordan \u2019 s labor market, a large share is unemployed ( 23 percent of the female labor force is unemployed, compared to 13 percent of the male labor force ), with young women particularly disadvantaged ( 55 percent of female youth are unemployed, compared to 33 percent of male youth ). The government has recently strengthened its commitment to gender equality and female social and economic empowerment through Jordan \u2019 s Renaissance Plan 2019-2020 and through its the Women 1 Department of Statistics, Jordan ( Q3 2019 ) 2 International Labor Organization, ILOSTAT database. Data retrieved in Sept 2019. 3 The gender analysis in this document has been adapted from \u201c Jordan: Improving Women Economic Opportunities - Select Entry Points for Policy Dialogue and Operational Interventions \u201d, World Bank ( June 2019 ). 4 World Development Indicators. Data retrieved in June 2019 Figure 1: The Job Challenge", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 846, + 874, + "named" + ], + [ + 27, + 33, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 439, + 445, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 537, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 696, + 702, + "World Development Indicators <> data geography" + ], + [ + 818, + 828, + "World Development Indicators <> publisher" + ], + [ + 831, + 840, + "World Development Indicators <> reference year" + ], + [ + 894, + 903, + "World Development Indicators <> reference year" + ], + [ + 984, + 1002, + "World Development Indicators <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 The gender analysis in this document has been adapted from \u201c Jordan: Improving Women Economic Opportunities - Select Entry Points for Policy Dialogue and Operational Interventions \u201d, World Bank ( June 2019 ). 4 World Development Indicators. Data retrieved in June 2019 Figure 1: The Job Challenge", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "World Development Indicators is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in context of data retrieval", + "cited directly as a data source", + "implies structured data used in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'World Development Indicators' follows a citation referencing a document and is presented immediately after the phrase 'Data retrieved in June 2019', which signals that it is being positioned as a source of data for the analysis. There are no indications that it is merely a project name or an information system; rather, it clearly refers to a known dataset containing structured data about global development indicators. The model may have been confused if it had cited other entities or projects separately or if there was any indication of it being a system rather than a dataset, but here the context strongly supports the interpretation as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'World Development Indicators' is confirmed as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly identified as a source of data that was used in the document's analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan Youth, Technology, and Jobs Project ( P170669 ) Page 7 of 106 Economic Empowerment Action Plan ( supported by the Mashreq Gender Facility ). Furthermore, the Jordan National Commission for Women is developing a new National Women \u2019 s Strategy, encompassing the government \u2019 s vision of women \u2019 s empowerment and the national plans that address various pillars of gender equality. 4. There is a dearth of economic opportunities among Syrian refugees in Jordan. There are 660, 000 registered Syrian refugees in Jordan, according to UNHCR. Only 5 percent of registered Syrian refugee women work while half of registered Syrian refugee men work ( United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees - UNHCR, VAF2017 ). Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey ( JLMPS ) 2016 data indicated that 91 percent of those who work do so informally. Registered Syrian refugees are concentrated in construction ( 27 percent ), manufacturing ( 18 percent ), and the wholesale and retail sectors ( 19 percent ). B. Sectoral and Institutional Context 5. By 2020, one in five jobs in the Arab world will require digital skills that are not widely available today. The future of work for youth, women and refugees in Jordan will be determined by their ability to supply the skills demanded in emerging sectors driven by automation and innovation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 731, + 763, + "named" + ], + [ + 455, + 470, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 474, + 480, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 501, + 527, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 731, + 737, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 766, + 771, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 774, + 778, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1207, + 1213, + "Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Only 5 percent of registered Syrian refugee women work while half of registered Syrian refugee men work ( United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees - UNHCR, VAF2017 ). Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey ( JLMPS ) 2016 data indicated that 91 percent of those who work do so informally. Registered Syrian refugees are concentrated in construction ( 27 percent ), manufacturing ( 18 percent ), and the wholesale and retail sectors ( 19 percent ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze labor market conditions in Jordan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'indicated that' signaling data being referenced", + "refers to a specific year and data collection", + "used as a source for quantitative analysis of labor market conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey' references a specific survey that collects structured data about the labor market conditions in Jordan. The preceding statement indicates that this survey provides empirical data, which contributes to understanding employment trends among Syrian refugees. The phrase '2016 data indicated' clearly shows that this survey is used as a data source for analysis, supporting the argument being made about employment patterns. The survey's mention here is not framed as a project or system; rather, it's presented as a source of data used for analysis, reinforcing its role as a dataset. While there may be confusion about considering it as a project or system (since surveys often come from an organizational context), it is clear that in this sentence, it is being used as a dataset due to the methodological language that implies it's providing quantitative data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a source of structured data informing conclusions about labor market conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "The direct contribution of the ICT sector to GDP is 4 percent in 20186 and employment in the sector increased from approximately 18, 000 employees in 2016 to 21, 811 in 2018. ICT sector revenues increased from JD677 million in 2017 to JD750 million in 2018 ( a growth rate of 10. 7 percent ), 7 which was fivefold higher than Jordan \u2019 s GDP growth in the same year ( 1. 94 percent ). 8 Women accounted for approximately 33 percent of employment in the sector in 2018 ( 4, 505 female employees ), which is above the national average. 9 ICT services accounted for 5. 7 percent of exports10 and 21. 6 percent of value added in 2017. 11 7. The IFC / World Bank Country Private Sector Diagnostic ( CPSD ) for Jordan confirmed the importance and the potential of the ICT sector for growth. The CPSD highlighted IT outsourcing ( ITO ) / Business Process Outsourcing ( BPO ), and digital entrepreneurship as key potential activities. In addition to recommended reforms in the telecom 5 Excluding public administration. 6 ICT Association of Jordan ( Intaj ) sector profile, 2018 7 ibid 8 World Bank National Accounts Data, 2018 9 Labor Force Survey, 2018 ( DoS ) 10 The Atlas of Economic Complexity, 2017 11 ibid", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 657, + 690, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "11 7. The IFC / World Bank Country Private Sector Diagnostic ( CPSD ) for Jordan confirmed the importance and the potential of the ICT sector for growth. The CPSD highlighted IT outsourcing ( ITO ) / Business Process Outsourcing ( BPO ), and digital entrepreneurship as key potential activities.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The Country Private Sector Diagnostic is a report that provides analysis and recommendations, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a report, not as a data source", + "described as a diagnostic that provides analysis and recommendations", + "follows the IFC / World Bank, indicating it is a project or publication" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Country Private Sector Diagnostic' refers explicitly to a report produced by the IFC and World Bank. The context indicates that the CPSD is involved in providing insights and recommendations rather than presenting raw structured data. While the report may contain useful statistics and indicators relevant for analysis, it does not operate as a dataset itself but rather as an analytical tool or project outcome. The model might have been confused due to the capitalized nature of the term, which can signal a proper noun, potentially affiliated with datasets. Additionally, the terms used, like 'confirmed the importance', suggest the involvement of collected but not directly referenced data. The extraction algorithm might assume 'diagnostic' implies data, but in this case, it is more about analysis rather than data storage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Country Private Sector Diagnostic' is a project report, providing analysis and recommendations rather than serving as an actual dataset, which is why it is not classified as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "The direct contribution of the ICT sector to GDP is 4 percent in 20186 and employment in the sector increased from approximately 18, 000 employees in 2016 to 21, 811 in 2018. ICT sector revenues increased from JD677 million in 2017 to JD750 million in 2018 ( a growth rate of 10. 7 percent ), 7 which was fivefold higher than Jordan \u2019 s GDP growth in the same year ( 1. 94 percent ). 8 Women accounted for approximately 33 percent of employment in the sector in 2018 ( 4, 505 female employees ), which is above the national average. 9 ICT services accounted for 5. 7 percent of exports10 and 21. 6 percent of value added in 2017. 11 7. The IFC / World Bank Country Private Sector Diagnostic ( CPSD ) for Jordan confirmed the importance and the potential of the ICT sector for growth. The CPSD highlighted IT outsourcing ( ITO ) / Business Process Outsourcing ( BPO ), and digital entrepreneurship as key potential activities. In addition to recommended reforms in the telecom 5 Excluding public administration. 6 ICT Association of Jordan ( Intaj ) sector profile, 2018 7 ibid 8 World Bank National Accounts Data, 2018 9 Labor Force Survey, 2018 ( DoS ) 10 The Atlas of Economic Complexity, 2017 11 ibid", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1121, + 1139, + "named" + ], + [ + 169, + 173, + "Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 252, + 256, + "Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 704, + 710, + "Labor Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1065, + 1069, + "Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1114, + 1118, + "Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1141, + 1145, + "Labor Force Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition to recommended reforms in the telecom 5 Excluding public administration. 6 ICT Association of Jordan ( Intaj ) sector profile, 2018 7 ibid 8 World Bank National Accounts Data, 2018 9 Labor Force Survey, 2018 ( DoS ) 10 The Atlas of Economic Complexity, 2017 11 ibid", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labor Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze employment and labor market conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Labor Force Survey' is presented as an identifiable source of data, listed with other known datasets such as World Bank National Accounts Data and The Atlas of Economic Complexity. It is typical for labor force surveys to be structured collections that provide data for analyses on employment and labor market conditions. The specific mention of '2018' suggests a definite version or iteration, which reinforces its credibility as a dataset. The model may have interpreted it as a dataset due to its categorical nature, context clues from surrounding data sources, and the conventional understanding that such surveys constitute recognized datasets in research. There are no indications that this should be seen as a project name or a system, rather it is presented clearly as an established data source for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Labor Force Survey' is a clearly defined dataset in this context, as it is mentioned alongside other recognized data sources and is associated with structured data collection relevant to labor market analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "A two-pronged approach is required to address the gaps in supply of digital skills: ( i ) immediate attention to the stock of youth that is currently in the job market with inadequate digital skills, complemented by: ( ii ) institutionalizing a link between emerging skills needs in the digital sector and the design of curricula in the education system and complementary rapid response programs to improve the preparedness of the flow of job-seekers in the digital sector. The project will support creating a Customer Relationship Management System ( CRM ) to maintain a database of all trainees / graduates to ensure that they are plugged into relevant offline and online job matching activities ( e. g., employment matchmaking platforms, job fairs, etc. ). The project will leverage a local job-matching platform that was launched by the Ministry of Labor recently25 to support connections between supply and demand. 28. Component 1 will address the five core weaknesses identified in the Intaj \u2019 s study26 underlying the skills mismatch directly and indirectly by developing a strong alignment between the supply and demand sides, boosting demand for digitally skilled youth in Jordan, and ensuring that training activities produce demand-driven skills for the market. Direct and frequent feedback collected from private sector employers will inform the alignment 25 https: / / sajjil. gov. jo / en / the-middle-east 26 http: / / intaj. net / wp-content / uploads / 2017 / 12 / Labor-Market-Study-2016-ICT-Fresh-Graduates. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 510, + 549, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A two-pronged approach is required to address the gaps in supply of digital skills: ( i ) immediate attention to the stock of youth that is currently in the job market with inadequate digital skills, complemented by: ( ii ) institutionalizing a link between emerging skills needs in the digital sector and the design of curricula in the education system and complementary rapid response programs to improve the preparedness of the flow of job-seekers in the digital sector. The project will support creating a Customer Relationship Management System ( CRM ) to maintain a database of all trainees / graduates to ensure that they are plugged into relevant offline and online job matching activities ( e. g.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a Customer Relationship Management System, which is a tool or software for managing customer interactions, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as a Customer Relationship Management System", + "system but mentioned as a tool, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating this occurrence of 'Customer Relationship Management System', it's clear that the text is treating this term as a software tool designed to manage interactions, not as a repository of structured data. While the term does appear in the context of a potential database for trainees and graduates, the phrasing is indicative of a system that supports job matching activities. It is not described here as providing explicit analytical data or structured records for research, but rather as a mechanism to facilitate interactions and store information. The confusion for an extraction model may stem from the capitalization of the term, which lends itself to being perceived as a named dataset or a significant data source, especially since it accompanies the phrase \u201cto maintain a database of all trainees/graduates.\u201d However, there is no direct implication that the CRM system itself serves as a standalone dataset for analysis, rather it functions as a tool in a broader project context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Customer Relationship Management System' refers to a software tool for managing customer interactions rather than a true dataset. It is described as part of a project aimed at facilitating job matching activities." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Examples of such products include ArabiaWeather, developed by Jordanian technology entrepreneurs, that has become the largest private weather company in the Arab world and a pioneer in weather technology. 27 The Terms of Reference ( TOR ) for training programs and learning assets development will include this requirement. 31. Following a review of global practices in rolling out national frameworks for skills development, the GoJ found out that the Indian model in digital skills development is the most relevant for Jordan. Therefore, the GoJ intends to leverage the experience of the Indian National Skills Development Corporation to support this sub-component, including building the capacity of the NSC-ICT. The project will also leverage large scale private-sector-led initiatives, such as Amazon Web Services ( AWS ), Educate, or One Million Jordanian Coders, in collaboration with universities and vocational institutes to build the regional future workforce by creating digital skills development programs. 28 The sub-component will also include capacity building and advisory support to universities and the Khidmat Watan Program, which focuses on vocational and technical education, to ensure that mainstream digital 27 Arabia Weather website: https: / / www. arabiaweather. com / en / 28 George Mason University ( Mason ) and Northern Virginia Community College ( NOVA ), in collaboration with AWS Educate, announced a Bachelor of Applied Science ( BAS ) pathway in cloud computing. https: / / aws. amazon. com / blogs / publicsector / george - mason-university-and-northern-virginia-community-college-announce-the-regions-first-bachelors-degree-for-cloud-computing-with - aws-educate / Managed by the Crown Prince Foundation, the One Million Jordanian Coders initiative, hosted in partnership with Microsoft, Udacity, Facebook and Bayt. com, includes the launch of an online platform that offers free training courses for young people in Jordan interested in developing their digital skills across different domains.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 34, + 47, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Examples of such products include ArabiaWeather, developed by Jordanian technology entrepreneurs, that has become the largest private weather company in the Arab world and a pioneer in weather technology. 27 The Terms of Reference ( TOR ) for training programs and learning assets development will include this requirement.", + "type": "company", + "explanation": "ArabiaWeather is a private weather company and not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a private weather company", + "mentioned in the context of products rather than as a data source", + "no clear indication of it being a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'ArabiaWeather' is explicitly described as a company focused on weather technology, which suggests it operates as a service provider rather than a concrete dataset. The text mentions it in the context of 'products' and does not give indications that it functions as a structured repository of information or records for research purposes. While it\u2019s conceivable that ArabiaWeather might produce datasets related to weather metrics, in this specific instance, it does not reference the company in a manner typical for data sources\u2014there are no phrases like 'uses data from' or any indication that it serves a primary role in data organization or analysis. The model might have been confused due to the mention of 'ArabiaWeather' after the term 'products', which could imply a product that contains or produces data, but the context overall indicates it is a corporate entity, not a dataset. Additionally, it is capitalized and may seem like a formal name, which could mislead some text processing models into categorizing it as a dataset when it is not.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ArabiaWeather' is not treated as a dataset because it is described as a private company rather than a source of structured data. The mention is in relation to products, making it clear that it does not function as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "066_Jordan-Youth-Technology-and-Jobs-Project", + "page": 90, + "text": "The World Bank Jordan Youth, Technology, and Jobs Project ( P170669 ) Page 86 of 106 high school ( relative to the other students ). Given that a digital curriculum requires updating periodically, we count the estimated the benefits for the first 4 cohorts of students that are exposed to the curriculum. Thus, we take the number of students enrolled in grades 6, 7, 8, and 9 at 2 years after program starts and calculate the proportion of each that would be going directly into the job market after high school, after 2-year technical schools, and after 4-year universities. Since someone at grade 7 graduates high school 5 years later, the benefit streams from the curriculum begins seven years after beginning of project and, following the literature, counted for the next roughly 45 years. 12. Assumptions and parameters in the analysis: Below in table 1 we present the set of values used when to estimate the costs and benefits to each of the above listed approaches and components. The assumptions are mainly based on evidence from the literature, labor force survey data ( JLMPS 2016 ), or our expectations of outputs for the program from different components, which are described in other section of this PAD.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1080, + 1085, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "JLMPS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1054, + 1077, + "JLMPS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1086, + 1090, + "JLMPS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Assumptions and parameters in the analysis: Below in table 1 we present the set of values used when to estimate the costs and benefits to each of the above listed approaches and components. The assumptions are mainly based on evidence from the literature, labor force survey data ( JLMPS 2016 ), or our expectations of outputs for the program from different components, which are described in other section of this PAD.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "JLMPS refers to a survey dataset that collects labor force data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on evidence from'", + "enumerated alongside labor force survey data", + "described with a year indicating a survey dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'JLMPS' is mentioned directly after 'literature, labor force survey data,' suggesting it is one of the primary sources of information that underpins the analysis. The reference to a specific year (2016) associated with 'JLMPS' strongly indicates that it pertains to a structured dataset derived from the labor market survey, rather than being just a project name or system. The preceding phrase 'based on evidence from' reinforces this interpretation, suggesting that the data collected is utilized to inform the assumptions of the analysis in a concrete way. Although there might be some confusion due to its proper noun status (hinting it could also be a project name), the context and phrasing clarify that it functions as a dataset here due to its specific mention alongside other data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, JLMPS does indeed refer to a structured dataset derived from a labor force survey, indicated by its classification alongside survey data and the context in which it is mentioned." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "It will build on the outcomes of the ongoing Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project ( P150430 ) which began implementation in September 2015 and has put in place: ( a ) the Social Registry, which provides an effective and transparent mechanism to target poor and vulnerable households; ( b ) the National Social Transfer Program, Tekavoul, which currently supports 30, 000 households in extreme poverty through cash transfers and social promotion activities; and ( c ) the shock-responsive SSN Program, Elmaouna, which reaches 3, 000 food-insecure households annually during the lean season. The SSN system main key instruments are summarized in figure 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 178, + 193, + "named" + ], + [ + 45, + 55, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 131, + 145, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 259, + 289, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will build on the outcomes of the ongoing Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project ( P150430 ) which began implementation in September 2015 and has put in place: ( a ) the Social Registry, which provides an effective and transparent mechanism to target poor and vulnerable households; ( b ) the National Social Transfer Program, Tekavoul, which currently supports 30, 000 households in extreme poverty through cash transfers and social promotion activities; and ( c ) the shock-responsive SSN Program, Elmaouna, which reaches 3, 000 food-insecure households annually during the lean season. The SSN system main key instruments are summarized in figure 2.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to target poor and vulnerable households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known projects", + "described as providing a mechanism to target households", + "context indicates it is used for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' is associated with a clear role in the system for targeting poor and vulnerable households, indicating it contains structured data for this purpose. It follows the description of various components of the Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project, which suggests it plays a significant part in the data handling or processing within the project. The evaluative context indicates that the Social Registry is not just a theoretical framework; it is operationalized to provide data for program implementation. However, it should also be noted that it derives from a project context, which may cause confusion between it being a project tool versus a standalone dataset. The presence of phrases emphasizing its functionality adds to its credibility as a dataset, whereas its mention alongside other programs strengthens its categorization as part of a structured data source used in social interventions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Social Registry is treated as a dataset here because it is described as an active mechanism that contains structured data used for targeting households, which aligns it with typical dataset characteristics despite being part of a larger project." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4. 0 million from national IDA18, US $ 0. 9 million from IDA18 RSW, US $ 0. 9 million from ASP MDTF and US $ 1. 5 million from government ) 22. This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1. 2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 184, + 199, + "named" + ], + [ + 127, + 146, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 506, + 532, + "Social Registry <> author" + ], + [ + 600, + 627, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to identify and support poor and vulnerable households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside programs that store data", + "implicitly described as a collection used to identify households", + "does not mention exclusively as a project or infrastructure", + "appears to fulfill the function of a dataset within the context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'Social Registry' is most likely functioning as a dataset because the context implies that it is a structured collection of data used to identify and target support for poor and vulnerable households. Although the term may at times refer to a system or project, this specific mention highlights its role in the proposed project's objectives. Since it is mentioned alongside other programs and is not solely qualified as a project or system, I consider it a dataset in this particular context. The confusion may arise from the fact that 'Social Registry' could also refer to a broader program or system that contains the dataset, but in this context, it aligns with the role of a dataset. Models might pick up on the capitalized term and its association with data from phrases like 'inclusion' related to data collection, which is why it might have been flagged as a dataset initially.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it refers to a structured collection that identifies vulnerable households, aligning well with the role of a dataset used within the project's scope." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4. 0 million from national IDA18, US $ 0. 9 million from IDA18 RSW, US $ 0. 9 million from ASP MDTF and US $ 1. 5 million from government ) 22. This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1. 2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 201, + 209, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Tekavoul refers to a program aimed at social support and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other programs", + "described as a program for social support", + "mentioned within a broader project context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Tekavoul' is referred to as part of a list that includes other programs related to social support initiatives rather than being explicitly identified as a dataset or a data source. The use of terms like 'proposed project' and 'social support' indicates that Tekavoul functions as a program aimed at assisting vulnerable populations rather than as a structured and organized collection of data. Moreover, it is situated among other similar programs without an explicit reference to it being a data source (e.g., 'uses data from' or 'as a dataset'). The confusion for the model might arise from its capitalization and positioning alongside other programs, potentially contributing to the impression that Tekavoul has data-like qualities or functions. However, given that it does not serve as a standalone dataset and lacks direct associations with data collection or storage, it is more appropriate to regard it as a program than a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Tekavoul is not categorized as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as a program aimed at social support, listed among other similar programs without any indication that it functions as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4. 0 million from national IDA18, US $ 0. 9 million from IDA18 RSW, US $ 0. 9 million from ASP MDTF and US $ 1. 5 million from government ) 22. This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1. 2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 274, + 289, + "named" + ], + [ + 127, + 146, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 506, + 532, + "Social Registry <> author" + ], + [ + 600, + 627, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to identify and support poor and vulnerable households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known programs", + "described as a structured collection used for identification", + "mentioned as part of the SSN system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' is mentioned as part of a project aimed at helping poor and vulnerable households. It is presented alongside other programs within the SSN system, which strongly suggests it serves as a data source for identifying these households. The explicit reference to updating and enhancing the 'Social Registry' implies that it is viewed as an organized collection of records rather than a tool or infrastructure. While other signals may often lead to confusion, such as the potential for it to be seen as a project name or system, the context indicates that it is treated here as a dataset due to its intended use in analysis and intervention targeting. The model may have been misled by the general naming convention and lack of explicit references to it being purely a data repository, but this mention does indicate a structured collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is identified as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly associated with structured data used to support vulnerable populations, despite potential confusion with project or system references." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4. 0 million from national IDA18, US $ 0. 9 million from IDA18 RSW, US $ 0. 9 million from ASP MDTF and US $ 1. 5 million from government ) 22. This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1. 2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 567, + 582, + "named" + ], + [ + 127, + 146, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 506, + 532, + "Social Registry <> author" + ], + [ + 600, + 627, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to identify and support poor and vulnerable households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a registry that supports data collection for eligible households", + "mention indicates usage for operational and strategic purposes", + "full update suggests a system that collects and maintains data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon evaluating the context in which 'Social Registry' is mentioned, it is clear that this term refers not only to a project or system but to a structured collection of data that is specifically designed to support poor and vulnerable households. The key signals that lead to this conclusion are the phrase 'supports a full update of the Social Registry,' which indicates that the Social Registry is not just an arbitrary label but a defined entity that houses and maintains specific information. Moreover, the context implies that it is actively used for operational and strategic purposes, further solidifying its role as a data source. While there may be a case for considering it as an information system, the emphasis on its purpose and usage aligns strongly with that of a dataset containing substantial information about eligible households. Thus, it aligns with more traditional definitions of a dataset, despite being the name of a program or initiative.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it is described as a structured collection of data intended to serve specific operational and strategic purposes, suggesting that it is not simply a project or system but rather fulfills the role of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The proposed project will allow for the inclusion of poor and vulnerable households in the refugee and host communities of the Hodh Chargui region within the SSN system, including the Social Registry, Tekavoul, and Elmaouna programs. Component 1: Updating and enhancing the Social Registry ( US $ 7. 3 million with US $ 4. 0 million from national IDA18, US $ 0. 9 million from IDA18 RSW, US $ 0. 9 million from ASP MDTF and US $ 1. 5 million from government ) 22. This component will be implemented by the Taazour General Delegation. It supports a full update of the Social Registry and inclusion of eligible refugee households ( Sub-component 1. 1 ) and its usage for operational and strategic purposes ( Sub-component 1. 2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 851, + 866, + "named" + ], + [ + 127, + 146, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 506, + 532, + "Social Registry <> author" + ], + [ + 600, + 627, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 ). Payment Platform POOR HOUSEHOLDS Social Transfer Program \u2022 Extreme Poor households \u2022 5-year cycle \u2022 CCT \u2022 Social promotion Social Registry \u2022 Identification \u2022 Data collection \u2022 Support to targeted social programs Shock - responsive Safety Net Program \u2022 Vulnerablehouseholds \u2022 4 months \u2022 Unconditional CT \u2022 Using SP tools Early Warning Systems DATA DATA Beneficiary list Beneficiary List", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to identify and support eligible households for social programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows a structure indicating data collection and identification purposes", + "described in the context of supporting targeted social programs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' does indeed seem to identify a concrete dataset rather than just referring to a system or project. The mention appears alongside phrases indicating a focused use of data for social transfer programs, thereby suggesting it functions as a structured collection of relevant records meant for identifying eligible households. The other components listed (like 'Data collection' and 'Identification') support the assertion that it organizes data for practical application. While there are some indications that it could be a management information system (MIS) or a project, the broader contextual clues affirm its role in housing actual data for analysis. A model may have been confused by the formal presentation of 'Social Registry'\u2014given that it is capitalized and laid out in a structured list\u2014it might resemble a project name or infrastructure but is ultimately described in a way that aligns with a dataset's function.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' behaves as a real dataset because it is described as a collection of records intended for the identification of households eligible for targeted social programs." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 13 of 61 Sub-component 1. 1: Updating and expanding the Social Registry ( US $ 6. 9 million ) 23. The objective of this sub-component is to update the Social Registry throughout Mauritania, including the end-to-end process ( quota methodology, community targeting mechanism, data collection, and verification stage ). An ongoing update of the Social Registry is critical because the programs which rely on it need up-to-date information, both on the demographic status of households ( migration, births, deaths, divorce ) and on the evolution of their socioeconomic status ( education, income generation, assets, access to services, and so on ). The update frequency is a trade-off between implementation costs and value of updated data for programs using the registry. 24. The objective agreed with the Government is to complete a full update every three years. The update will proceed by region, starting where the first households were registered ( Gorgol region ). Given this cycle, about 67, 000 households would be registered per year. Quotas will be recalculated based on the 2020 Poverty and Living Standards Measurement household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate sur la Pauvret\u00e9 et les Conditions de Vie, EPCV ) information.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 135, + 150, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 257, + 267, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1002, + 1012, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1031, + 1044, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1162, + 1166, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 13 of 61 Sub-component 1. 1: Updating and expanding the Social Registry ( US $ 6. 9 million ) 23.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that contains demographic and socioeconomic information about households in Mauritania, used for social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as updating and expanding the Social Registry", + "mentioned in the context of a project supporting social safety net programs", + "involves structured demographic and socioeconomic information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Social Registry' appears in the context of a project aimed at updating and expanding it, which implies that it is indeed related to a concrete dataset rather than just a project name or a management information system. The previous indication that it contains demographic and socioeconomic information reinforces that it functions as a structured dataset utilized by social safety net programs. Although it can resemble a system or a project, in this context, it is treated as the data source itself that is being managed. The potential confusion lies in the fact that many systems related to records could be viewed similarly to datasets; however, here, 'Social Registry' is clearly indicated to be a collection of data rather than merely an infrastructure or project name. Therefore, while a model may have flagged it as a dataset, the context of its usage supports it being treated as one.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' is a dataset because it refers to a structured collection of data pertinent to household demographics and socioeconomic information, particularly relevant to social safety net programs." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 13 of 61 Sub-component 1. 1: Updating and expanding the Social Registry ( US $ 6. 9 million ) 23. The objective of this sub-component is to update the Social Registry throughout Mauritania, including the end-to-end process ( quota methodology, community targeting mechanism, data collection, and verification stage ). An ongoing update of the Social Registry is critical because the programs which rely on it need up-to-date information, both on the demographic status of households ( migration, births, deaths, divorce ) and on the evolution of their socioeconomic status ( education, income generation, assets, access to services, and so on ). The update frequency is a trade-off between implementation costs and value of updated data for programs using the registry. 24. The objective agreed with the Government is to complete a full update every three years. The update will proceed by region, starting where the first households were registered ( Gorgol region ). Given this cycle, about 67, 000 households would be registered per year. Quotas will be recalculated based on the 2020 Poverty and Living Standards Measurement household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate sur la Pauvret\u00e9 et les Conditions de Vie, EPCV ) information.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1162, + 1224, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Given this cycle, about 67, 000 households would be registered per year. Quotas will be recalculated based on the 2020 Poverty and Living Standards Measurement household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate sur la Pauvret\u00e9 et les Conditions de Vie, EPCV ) information.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, which is used for research and analysis of poverty and living standards.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a survey that collects data", + "acts as a foundation for recalculating quotas" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term '2020 Poverty and Living Standards Measurement household Survey' refers to a specific survey conducted to collect structured data regarding poverty and living standards, making it a legitimate dataset. It follows the phrase 'based on' indicating that the data from this survey is being used directly for analysis, which signals its role as a data source rather than a mere project title or system. The emphasis on the survey's purpose of gathering information supports its classification as a dataset since it implies that the data collected is structured and utilized for further analysis. However, a model could have mistakenly identified it as a project name due to its lengthy title and the inclusion of 'measurement' in the name, which could suggest a broader initiative rather than a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the term operates as a dataset due to its designation as a structured survey that informs data calculations, indicated by the surrounding phrases such as 'based on.'" + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The updated methodology will reflect the main improvements achieved during the first phase ( locality based, participative process, grievance mechanism, and so on ). 25. Households from Hodh Chargui, including those in the Mbera Refugee Camp that are considered poor, will be included in the Social Registry. This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support. The methodology to identify poor refugee households for inclusion in the Social Registry will be based on the profiling work carried out in 2018 by the UNHCR and WFP. It identified six different household categories: ( a ) deprived; ( b ) precarious; ( c ) unstable; ( d ) fragile ( e ) emerging; and ( f ) catalyst ( see figure 3 ). Each category gradually receives ( or will receive ) differentiated assistance based on its needs. This profiling work was carried out with the participation of camp and Government authorities. Based on preliminary data analysis, categories 1, 2 and 3 ( \u201c deprived \u201d, \u201c precarious \u201d, and \u201c unstable \u201d ) which include approximately 7, 500 households will enter the Social Registry. 26. This sub-component will finance: ( a ) the costs related to the community targeting ( Social Registry enrolment officers and related logistics and material ); ( b ) the socio-economic data collection costs for up to 350, 000 households ( 70, 000 households per year ); and ( c ) the costs related to quality insurance ( grievance mechanism, toll-free number, spot-check surveys, process evaluation, and so on ). Figure 3: Refugee categorization in Mauritania Source: UNHCR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 292, + 307, + "named" + ], + [ + 223, + 241, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 498, + 521, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 610, + 614, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 622, + 627, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1647, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1656, + 1661, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "25. Households from Hodh Chargui, including those in the Mbera Refugee Camp that are considered poor, will be included in the Social Registry. This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about households, particularly those identified as poor, for the purpose of coordinating humanitarian assistance.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "inclusion implies a data source for households' information", + "mentioned for coordination of humanitarian initiatives" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' appears to be referred to as a structured collection of data that is specifically designed to include information about households in need. The phrase 'will be included in the Social Registry' suggests that it functions as an organized system for gathering and managing this type of data, particularly within humanitarian efforts. While it may also be interpreting as a standalone project or system, it is directly used in relation to data collection and coordination of resources. This suggests it serves a primary function as a dataset in this scenario. Potential confusion could stem from the terminology 'registry,' which might invoke thoughts of a project or tool rather than a dataset; however, the context indicates that it serves as the repository for important household data essential for humanitarian coordination.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a structured collection of data specifically for households, highlighting its role in humanitarian coordination." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The updated methodology will reflect the main improvements achieved during the first phase ( locality based, participative process, grievance mechanism, and so on ). 25. Households from Hodh Chargui, including those in the Mbera Refugee Camp that are considered poor, will be included in the Social Registry. This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support. The methodology to identify poor refugee households for inclusion in the Social Registry will be based on the profiling work carried out in 2018 by the UNHCR and WFP. It identified six different household categories: ( a ) deprived; ( b ) precarious; ( c ) unstable; ( d ) fragile ( e ) emerging; and ( f ) catalyst ( see figure 3 ). Each category gradually receives ( or will receive ) differentiated assistance based on its needs. This profiling work was carried out with the participation of camp and Government authorities. Based on preliminary data analysis, categories 1, 2 and 3 ( \u201c deprived \u201d, \u201c precarious \u201d, and \u201c unstable \u201d ) which include approximately 7, 500 households will enter the Social Registry. 26. This sub-component will finance: ( a ) the costs related to the community targeting ( Social Registry enrolment officers and related logistics and material ); ( b ) the socio-economic data collection costs for up to 350, 000 households ( 70, 000 households per year ); and ( c ) the costs related to quality insurance ( grievance mechanism, toll-free number, spot-check surveys, process evaluation, and so on ). Figure 3: Refugee categorization in Mauritania Source: UNHCR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 543, + 558, + "named" + ], + [ + 223, + 241, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 498, + 521, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 610, + 614, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 622, + 627, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1647, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1656, + 1661, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support. The methodology to identify poor refugee households for inclusion in the Social Registry will be based on the profiling work carried out in 2018 by the UNHCR and WFP. It identified six different household categories: ( a ) deprived; ( b ) precarious; ( c ) unstable; ( d ) fragile ( e ) emerging; and ( f ) catalyst ( see figure 3 ).", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about households, particularly those identified as poor, for the purpose of coordinating humanitarian assistance.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as identifying poor refugee households", + "methodology based on profiling work", + "focus on structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' refers to an organized system that contains data on households identified for humanitarian assistance. The mention of 'profiling work' and specific categories of households indicates that this is not just a project name but rather a defined data collection effort aimed at a specific purpose. Although there is potential for confusion as it could be interpreted as an information system or a project name, the language surrounding it emphasizes its function as a dataset. The explicit mention of identifying various categories of households suggests that it is utilized in a data-driven manner, aiding in operational decisions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' operates as a dataset because it is described as a structured collection of data relevant to identifying and categorizing households for humanitarian assistance." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The updated methodology will reflect the main improvements achieved during the first phase ( locality based, participative process, grievance mechanism, and so on ). 25. Households from Hodh Chargui, including those in the Mbera Refugee Camp that are considered poor, will be included in the Social Registry. This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support. The methodology to identify poor refugee households for inclusion in the Social Registry will be based on the profiling work carried out in 2018 by the UNHCR and WFP. It identified six different household categories: ( a ) deprived; ( b ) precarious; ( c ) unstable; ( d ) fragile ( e ) emerging; and ( f ) catalyst ( see figure 3 ). Each category gradually receives ( or will receive ) differentiated assistance based on its needs. This profiling work was carried out with the participation of camp and Government authorities. Based on preliminary data analysis, categories 1, 2 and 3 ( \u201c deprived \u201d, \u201c precarious \u201d, and \u201c unstable \u201d ) which include approximately 7, 500 households will enter the Social Registry. 26. This sub-component will finance: ( a ) the costs related to the community targeting ( Social Registry enrolment officers and related logistics and material ); ( b ) the socio-economic data collection costs for up to 350, 000 households ( 70, 000 households per year ); and ( c ) the costs related to quality insurance ( grievance mechanism, toll-free number, spot-check surveys, process evaluation, and so on ). Figure 3: Refugee categorization in Mauritania Source: UNHCR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1168, + 1183, + "named" + ], + [ + 223, + 241, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 498, + 521, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 610, + 614, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 622, + 627, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1647, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1656, + 1661, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This profiling work was carried out with the participation of camp and Government authorities. Based on preliminary data analysis, categories 1, 2 and 3 ( \u201c deprived \u201d, \u201c precarious \u201d, and \u201c unstable \u201d ) which include approximately 7, 500 households will enter the Social Registry. 26.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about households, particularly those identified as poor, for the purpose of coordinating humanitarian assistance.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on' phrasing", + "described as containing households", + "implies structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context presented, the term 'Social Registry' indeed appears to refer to a structured collection of data that categorizes households based on socioeconomic status. The phrase 'based on preliminary data analysis' implies that the analysis draws from this system, indicating its essential role as a data source for the profiling work. While 'Social Registry' could be interpreted as a project or information system, the mention of it in conjunction with distinct categories and household counts signals its function as a dataset for the analysis focusing on these households. Furthermore, without additional context that explicitly portrays it as merely a project or infrastructure, the reference leans towards it being treated as a dataset. Therefore, I can see how a model would classify this as a dataset due to its capitalized proper noun format and its role in the study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it involves structured data on households categorized for analysis, directly supporting the project's findings." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The updated methodology will reflect the main improvements achieved during the first phase ( locality based, participative process, grievance mechanism, and so on ). 25. Households from Hodh Chargui, including those in the Mbera Refugee Camp that are considered poor, will be included in the Social Registry. This inclusion will be a positive step towards better coordination between humanitarian actors and the Government and between emergency and development support. The methodology to identify poor refugee households for inclusion in the Social Registry will be based on the profiling work carried out in 2018 by the UNHCR and WFP. It identified six different household categories: ( a ) deprived; ( b ) precarious; ( c ) unstable; ( d ) fragile ( e ) emerging; and ( f ) catalyst ( see figure 3 ). Each category gradually receives ( or will receive ) differentiated assistance based on its needs. This profiling work was carried out with the participation of camp and Government authorities. Based on preliminary data analysis, categories 1, 2 and 3 ( \u201c deprived \u201d, \u201c precarious \u201d, and \u201c unstable \u201d ) which include approximately 7, 500 households will enter the Social Registry. 26. This sub-component will finance: ( a ) the costs related to the community targeting ( Social Registry enrolment officers and related logistics and material ); ( b ) the socio-economic data collection costs for up to 350, 000 households ( 70, 000 households per year ); and ( c ) the costs related to quality insurance ( grievance mechanism, toll-free number, spot-check surveys, process evaluation, and so on ). Figure 3: Refugee categorization in Mauritania Source: UNHCR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1275, + 1290, + "named" + ], + [ + 223, + 241, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 498, + 521, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 610, + 614, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 622, + 627, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1637, + 1647, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1656, + 1661, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "26. This sub-component will finance: ( a ) the costs related to the community targeting ( Social Registry enrolment officers and related logistics and material ); ( b ) the socio-economic data collection costs for up to 350, 000 households ( 70, 000 households per year ); and ( c ) the costs related to quality insurance ( grievance mechanism, toll-free number, spot-check surveys, process evaluation, and so on ). Figure 3: Refugee categorization in Mauritania Source: UNHCR", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that categorizes households based on socio-economic status for the purpose of providing targeted assistance.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component of project financing", + "follows a list of costs related to community targeting", + "not referenced as a source of data in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' is mentioned within a description of project funding and logistics. It does not appear in a capacity where it serves as a direct source of data for analysis, but rather as part of a project element. Since the focus is on the costs related to the enrollment officers and logistics rather than on the actual data contained or used from a 'Social Registry', it becomes clearer that it is being discussed in terms of its role in the project rather than as a dataset itself. This distinction might confuse a model because of the proper noun format and the implication of containing data on households. However, here it is more accurate to view it as part of a broader financing and operational scheme, rather than identifying it as a concretely defined dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' in this context is referenced as part of a project financing discussion, rather than as a dataset of records or a source of analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners. These gaps will be addressed by intensifying the Social Registry \u2019 s communication and outreach efforts. User agreements will specify authorized uses of the data and protection of personal data. 30. The project will also encourage the use of the Social Registry as a tool for program coordination. The objective of this activity is to increase the SCAPP Directorate, Taazour and sectorial ministries \u2019 ownership of the Social Registry, by fostering its use for integrated service provision to poor and vulnerable households, and for better planning of investments according to needs. 31. This sub-component will finance the costs associated with: ( a ) the pilot Social Registry card and its evaluation, potential scale-up to 200, 000 households; ( b ) the development of the outreach strategy and related tools and communication campaign; and ( c ) workshops, analytical and coordination capacity building.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 43, + 58, + "named" + ], + [ + 915, + 945, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for program coordination and integrated service provision, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project supporting communication and outreach", + "context suggests it is more of a program than a concrete data source", + "not accompanied by phrases indicating it is a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'Social Registry' appears within the context of a project aimed at supporting an initiative rather than being referenced as an explicit source of data. The phrases used, such as 'will also support the Social Registry Directorate' and 'few line ministries currently use the Social Registry,' suggest that it functions more as a management system or a framework for outreach, rather than a standalone dataset. Although the term resembles a dataset due to its capitalization and structured connotation, it is described more as a project or an organizational system. The model may have confused this mention as a dataset due to its institutional importance and structured records, yet it lacks direct reference as a data source or validation as a dataset in the text.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' functions more as a program or project support initiative rather than a distinct dataset, making it inappropriate to classify as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners. These gaps will be addressed by intensifying the Social Registry \u2019 s communication and outreach efforts. User agreements will specify authorized uses of the data and protection of personal data. 30. The project will also encourage the use of the Social Registry as a tool for program coordination. The objective of this activity is to increase the SCAPP Directorate, Taazour and sectorial ministries \u2019 ownership of the Social Registry, by fostering its use for integrated service provision to poor and vulnerable households, and for better planning of investments according to needs. 31. This sub-component will finance the costs associated with: ( a ) the pilot Social Registry card and its evaluation, potential scale-up to 200, 000 households; ( b ) the development of the outreach strategy and related tools and communication campaign; and ( c ) workshops, analytical and coordination capacity building.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 190, + 205, + "named" + ], + [ + 259, + 269, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 915, + 945, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for program coordination and integrated service provision, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system supporting communication and outreach", + "linked to projects rather than as a standalone dataset", + "not described explicitly as a source of structured records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' is used primarily as a system or initiative that assists in communication and outreach efforts, particularly for projects associated with the World Bank. The term appears to represent a management information system rather than a concrete dataset containing specific structured records. The phrase emphasizes its role within program coordination and the limited knowledge of its functionalities. The model may have misinterpreted this mention as a dataset due to its systematic structure, its capitalization (indicating a proper noun), and associations with data-related objectives, but it lacks direct evidence indicating that it functions as an analytical data source. Thus, while it does involve data, it operates more as a framework or project rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Social Registry' is seen as a management information system or project rather than an explicit dataset in this context, as it is not presented as a source of structured records used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners. These gaps will be addressed by intensifying the Social Registry \u2019 s communication and outreach efforts. User agreements will specify authorized uses of the data and protection of personal data. 30. The project will also encourage the use of the Social Registry as a tool for program coordination. The objective of this activity is to increase the SCAPP Directorate, Taazour and sectorial ministries \u2019 ownership of the Social Registry, by fostering its use for integrated service provision to poor and vulnerable households, and for better planning of investments according to needs. 31. This sub-component will finance the costs associated with: ( a ) the pilot Social Registry card and its evaluation, potential scale-up to 200, 000 households; ( b ) the development of the outreach strategy and related tools and communication campaign; and ( c ) workshops, analytical and coordination capacity building.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 352, + 367, + "named" + ], + [ + 259, + 269, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 915, + 945, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners. These gaps will be addressed by intensifying the Social Registry \u2019 s communication and outreach efforts.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for program coordination and integrated service provision, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described in terms of limited knowledge about its objectives and functionalities", + "indicates users linked to projects, suggesting it operates as a management tool rather than just a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Social Registry' is referred to as a registry that serves line ministries and projects associated with the World Bank. The phrases indicate that rather than focusing solely on it as a dataset, the emphasis is on its role and how it interacts with different projects and stakeholders. It\u2019s described in terms of outreach and communication efforts, which implies it functions more as a system or tool that aids project coordination rather than being treated principally as a dataset. A model might have been confused by the term appearing in relation to its use in projects and possibly assuming it is a dataset due to the structured nature suggested by the term 'registry.' However, without clearer indications that it's being utilized explicitly as a dataset for analysis or data reporting, it is more aligned with a management information system or process. This distinction is crucial for understanding its role in the broader context of data usage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is not treated as a dataset because it is referenced in relation to project-supporting functions and operational communications, rather than as a direct data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The proposed project will also support the Social Registry Directorate to scale-up its communication and outreach, while strengthening data protection. Few line ministries currently use the Social Registry ( most users are linked to projects supported by the World Bank ) 9. In addition, knowledge about the objectives, modalities and strengths of the Social Registry is limited, within the government and among partners. These gaps will be addressed by intensifying the Social Registry \u2019 s communication and outreach efforts. User agreements will specify authorized uses of the data and protection of personal data. 30. The project will also encourage the use of the Social Registry as a tool for program coordination. The objective of this activity is to increase the SCAPP Directorate, Taazour and sectorial ministries \u2019 ownership of the Social Registry, by fostering its use for integrated service provision to poor and vulnerable households, and for better planning of investments according to needs. 31. This sub-component will finance the costs associated with: ( a ) the pilot Social Registry card and its evaluation, potential scale-up to 200, 000 households; ( b ) the development of the outreach strategy and related tools and communication campaign; and ( c ) workshops, analytical and coordination capacity building.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 841, + 856, + "named" + ], + [ + 915, + 945, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will also encourage the use of the Social Registry as a tool for program coordination. The objective of this activity is to increase the SCAPP Directorate, Taazour and sectorial ministries \u2019 ownership of the Social Registry, by fostering its use for integrated service provision to poor and vulnerable households, and for better planning of investments according to needs. 31.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for program coordination and integrated service provision, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for program coordination", + "focuses on ownership and use by ministries", + "described with reference to planning and service provision, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Social Registry', I noted that it is presented as a tool meant for program coordination rather than explicitly as a dataset. The language surrounding it, particularly the phrases such as 'encourage the use of the Social Registry' and 'fostering its use for integrated service provision', suggests that it's being referred to more as an infrastructure or a framework for utilizing data rather than as a dataset itself. The confusion for models likely arises from the fact that the term is capitalized and could easily be mistaken for a formal dataset, especially since it encompasses the idea of containing records, yet it lacks the explicit contextual signals that typically validate it as a dataset, such as being enumerated with known datasets or clearly stated as a source of data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a tool aimed at program coordination and service provision rather than directly as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Component 2: Enhancing the socio-economic inclusion of poor households ( US $ 51. 2 million: US $ 22. 4 million from national IDA18, US $ 12. 1 million from IDA18 RSW, and US $ 16. 7 million from government ) 32. This component aims to tackle several constraints that hamper the socio-economic inclusion of the poorest households. More specifically, its objectives are to: ( a ) support the scale-up of the conditional cash transfer Tekavoul program to reach a total of 45, 000 households in extreme poverty ( Subcomponent 2. 1 ); ( b ) re-certify and develop an economic inclusion scheme for households exiting the Tekavoul program ( Subcomponent 2. 2 ); and ( c ) support a pilot for households \u2019 Civil Registry enrollment ( Subcomponent 2. 3 ). The Taazour General Delegation will be responsible for the component \u2019 s implementation. Sub-component 2. 1: Scale-up the Tekavoul program ( US $ 47. 6 million ) 33. The proposed project will expand the number of beneficiaries of the Tekavoul program from 30, 000 to 45, 000 households. Transfers will continue to be paid to the household member with primary responsibility for the children \u2019 s health, nutrition and education, in most cases, the household children \u2019 s mother. With this extension, the caseload represents 45 percent of the governmental objectives of covering the 100, 000 poorest 9 In September 2019, the Prime Minister announced that all social programs will eventually have to use the Social Registry for their targeting. In the medium term, the Government may issue a decree to encourage usage of the Social Registry by government departments.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 699, + 713, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 ); ( b ) re-certify and develop an economic inclusion scheme for households exiting the Tekavoul program ( Subcomponent 2. 2 ); and ( c ) support a pilot for households \u2019 Civil Registry enrollment ( Subcomponent 2. 3 ).", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The term 'Civil Registry' refers to a system or framework for recording vital events and personal information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project initiative", + "not associated with data collection or analysis", + "referred to as a system for personal information", + "does not follow 'uses data from' or similar cue" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Civil Registry' is referenced within the framework of a project aimed at economic inclusion, specifically relating to enrollment processes. It lacks explicit attribution as a data source or dataset as the text does not indicate that it is being utilized as a structured collection of data for analysis. Instead, it appears to function as a system for the management and recording of personal information (like vital events). The confusion may arise because 'Civil Registry' is proper noun-like, suggesting a formal entity or dataset; however, the context indicates it is more about supporting enrollment in a program rather than functioning as a standalone dataset. There are no clear signals that the 'Civil Registry' is being referenced as a data source the way one would usually ascertain a dataset, such as through phrases indicating usage of data. As a management information system or an infrastructure tool, it could store relevant data, but here it is not being defined or described as doing so for the research or analysis at hand.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Civil Registry' does not qualify as a dataset because it is indicated as part of a project initiative focused on enrollment and lacks contextual cues that identify it as a structured source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "Component 2: Enhancing the socio-economic inclusion of poor households ( US $ 51. 2 million: US $ 22. 4 million from national IDA18, US $ 12. 1 million from IDA18 RSW, and US $ 16. 7 million from government ) 32. This component aims to tackle several constraints that hamper the socio-economic inclusion of the poorest households. More specifically, its objectives are to: ( a ) support the scale-up of the conditional cash transfer Tekavoul program to reach a total of 45, 000 households in extreme poverty ( Subcomponent 2. 1 ); ( b ) re-certify and develop an economic inclusion scheme for households exiting the Tekavoul program ( Subcomponent 2. 2 ); and ( c ) support a pilot for households \u2019 Civil Registry enrollment ( Subcomponent 2. 3 ). The Taazour General Delegation will be responsible for the component \u2019 s implementation. Sub-component 2. 1: Scale-up the Tekavoul program ( US $ 47. 6 million ) 33. The proposed project will expand the number of beneficiaries of the Tekavoul program from 30, 000 to 45, 000 households. Transfers will continue to be paid to the household member with primary responsibility for the children \u2019 s health, nutrition and education, in most cases, the household children \u2019 s mother. With this extension, the caseload represents 45 percent of the governmental objectives of covering the 100, 000 poorest 9 In September 2019, the Prime Minister announced that all social programs will eventually have to use the Social Registry for their targeting. In the medium term, the Government may issue a decree to encourage usage of the Social Registry by government departments.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1453, + 1468, + "named" + ], + [ + 752, + 778, + "Social Registry <> author" + ], + [ + 1361, + 1365, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Transfers will continue to be paid to the household member with primary responsibility for the children \u2019 s health, nutrition and education, in most cases, the household children \u2019 s mother. With this extension, the caseload represents 45 percent of the governmental objectives of covering the 100, 000 poorest 9 In September 2019, the Prime Minister announced that all social programs will eventually have to use the Social Registry for their targeting. In the medium term, the Government may issue a decree to encourage usage of the Social Registry by government departments.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for targeting social programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018use of the Social Registry\u2019 in targeting social programs", + "mentioned in the context of a structured collection of data", + "described as a tool for governmental objectives" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' is associated with a structured collection of data utilized for targeting social programs, aligning closely with traditional definitions of a dataset. The phrasing, 'all social programs will eventually have to use the Social Registry for their targeting,' strongly indicates that it serves as a primary data source. The mention of its usage by government departments further solidifies its role as a formalized collection of data. However, it could raise confusion because the term 'Registry' can also imply a managed system or tool rather than just a collection of data arrangements. Still, the emphasis on it being used for specific governmental objectives and the involvement in direct decision-making for social programs makes a compelling argument for its classification as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is a structured collection of data that serves as a primary data source for targeting social programs, thus it is treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "This subcomponent will finance the costs of the cash transfers, payment fees and operating costs for the social promotion for 45, 000 households. Social promotion activities include animators, communication materials and related logistics. Sub-component 2. 2: Re-certification and development of an exit strategy for Tekavoul ( US $ 2. 8 million ) 36. The project will support the design of a re-certification strategy. The first beneficiaries of Tekavoul were enrolled in the program in December 2016 and will therefore complete the five-year program cycle by the end of 2021. Households which are still classified as poor or extreme poor ( PMT score below that associated with the poverty line or still in the Social Registry ) will be re-enrolled for a new five-year cycle of support, and those that are found to be no longer eligible should exit the program. 37. Households which exit the Tekavoul program will receive an economic inclusion package. The economic inclusion package will consist of: ( a ) training on life skills and information to help households plan their exit, building on the last sessions of the social promotion and for a duration of six months after the last transfer; and ( b ) referral of specific household members to existing economic inclusion programs available in their moughataa.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 712, + 727, + "named" + ], + [ + 488, + 501, + "Social Registry <> reference year" + ], + [ + 572, + 576, + "Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 578, + 588, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 867, + 877, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The first beneficiaries of Tekavoul were enrolled in the program in December 2016 and will therefore complete the five-year program cycle by the end of 2021. Households which are still classified as poor or extreme poor ( PMT score below that associated with the poverty line or still in the Social Registry ) will be re-enrolled for a new five-year cycle of support, and those that are found to be no longer eligible should exit the program. 37.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data that identifies households classified as poor or extreme poor, used for social support programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of a program", + "described as a classification system for households", + "does not explicitly indicate it is a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is presented as part of a program for determining eligibility based on the PMT score. While it does appear to imply a structured collection of data on households, it does not function as an independent dataset in this excerpt. The way it is described leans more towards it being an aspect of a management information system used for social indexing rather than a standalone dataset that is being utilized for analytical purposes. The mention does not follow phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on', nor is it detailed as a dataset source. Therefore, it falls into the category of infrastructure or a project rather than an explicit dataset used for analysis, which may lead to confusion from the model, as it lacks the clear data-source context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Social Registry' is part of a program related to social support rather than a dataset used for analysis. It is more aligned with an information system that categorizes households." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 20, + "text": "These programs may include savings associations, income-generation, training, micro - credit, and youth employment such as the one under development in the upcoming Youth Employability project ( P162916 ) 10. In the early months of the proposed project, a comprehensive exit operational process will be developed. Between ten and 20 percent of households are expected to exit the program; that estimate will be updated based on the updated poverty numbers and the results of the impact evaluation under way. As this activity is specific to households, which complete the Tekavoul five-year cycle, beneficiaries among refugees and host communities will not benefit from it. 38. This sub-component will finance the development of materials to include economic inclusion in the social promotion curriculum, the complementary mentoring package to accompany the households for six months after Tekavoul transfers end, and a referral system and partnerships with ongoing programs. Sub-component 2. 3: Facilitating civil registration ( US $ 0. 8 million ) 39. The proposed project could explore ways to facilitate registration of Tekavoul beneficiaries in the Civil Registry. Preliminary evidence hints at high rates of Tekavoul beneficiaries without a National Identity Number ( Num\u00e9ro National d \u2019 Identit\u00e9, NNI ). The NNI is necessary for school enrollment ( even if often waived at the primary level ) and exam registration, access to financial services, and a host of other public services. 10 A mapping of these programs is under way as part of the preparation of the Youth Employability Project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1153, + 1167, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 million ) 39. The proposed project could explore ways to facilitate registration of Tekavoul beneficiaries in the Civil Registry. Preliminary evidence hints at high rates of Tekavoul beneficiaries without a National Identity Number ( Num\u00e9ro National d \u2019 Identit\u00e9, NNI ).", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The term 'Civil Registry' refers to a system for recording vital events and personal information, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an institution for recording vital events", + "does not indicate structured data for analysis", + "project concept rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Civil Registry' is used to describe a system that facilitates the registration of individuals' vital information, which typically includes births, marriages, and deaths. It is described in relation to a project aimed at improving access for beneficiaries, indicating its use as an administrative function rather than as a standalone dataset for robust research or analysis. The term does not follow a direct phrase indicating 'using data from...' nor is it enumerated alongside known datasets. Instead, it describes a possibility for project development, which delves into how certain beneficiaries are registered, rather than providing a concrete set of records or statistics that could be analytically assessed. Therefore, while there might be data associated with the 'Civil Registry', in this context, it appears more as a system or project rather than a dataset itself. The model may have confused this term due to its capitalization, the broad scope of data it may imply, and the general language suggesting data activities, without it being explicitly positioned as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Civil Registry' refers to a system for recording vital events rather than a concrete dataset for analysis, leading to the conclusion that it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The PDO-level and intermediate results indicators would be monitored using the following sources and methodologies: ( i ) data collected through MISs supported by the project ( registry, payment systems ); ( ii ) regular administrative data collection processes; ( iii ) beneficiary surveys ( spot checks ) supported by the project and conducted by outsourced external firm ( s ); ( iv ) process evaluations of the Social Registry, the cash transfers and the human development ( social promotion ) interventions supported by the project; ( v ) an additional round of the cash transfer impact evaluation conducted by outsourced external firms; ( vi ) other M & E studies conducted by the Client; and ( vii ) progress reports to be prepared by the project implementation team ( especially the M & E specialist ). 78. The Taazour team would be responsible for gathering the relevant reports and information from CSA representatives and other relevant parties involved in project implementation to monitor the PDO and results, and for communicating with the World Bank according to the frequency of reports to be described in the project \u2019 s Results Framework.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 415, + 430, + "named" + ], + [ + 271, + 290, + "Social Registry <> data description" + ], + [ + 571, + 602, + "Social Registry <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The PDO-level and intermediate results indicators would be monitored using the following sources and methodologies: ( i ) data collected through MISs supported by the project ( registry, payment systems ); ( ii ) regular administrative data collection processes; ( iii ) beneficiary surveys ( spot checks ) supported by the project and conducted by outsourced external firm ( s ); ( iv ) process evaluations of the Social Registry, the cash transfers and the human development ( social promotion ) interventions supported by the project; ( v ) an additional round of the cash transfer impact evaluation conducted by outsourced external firms; ( vi ) other M & E studies conducted by the Client; and ( vii ) progress reports to be prepared by the project implementation team ( especially the M & E specialist ). 78.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of social programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'process evaluations of'", + "described in the context of monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is referenced within a detailed list of sources and methodologies for monitoring indicators. It is mentioned after processes that explicitly indicate it is part of the evaluation framework for cash transfer programs. The term operates as a structured collection of data used for social program evaluation; therefore, it aligns with characteristics of a dataset. Additionally, since the surrounding text discusses evaluations and data collection, it suggests that the Social Registry is utilized as a detailed structured data source, rather than strictly a project name or system in isolation. A model may have been confused if it interpreted the phrase 'process evaluations of the Social Registry' as merely a mention of the name of a system, but the context clearly indicates its role in serving as a source of relevant data for evaluation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is employed for monitoring and evaluation of social programs, and while it may also represent a system, the specific context positions it as a structured collection of data integrated into the project methodologies." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The proposed project will also support continued capacity-building for Taazour General Delegation and CSA to better track implementation, monitor safety net interventions, and evaluate policy and programs based on the systematic and organized feedback from beneficiaries, impact evaluations and the analysis of MIS data. 79. Digital innovations will be leveraged to support the monitoring and evaluation of the project during implementation. In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the on-going project will continue to be leveraged for this project. The GEMS will enable Taazour to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system. The platform will be customized to capture relevant indicators, photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and GPS coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the project during implementation. This platform is already used in other Sahel countries and is being deployed to the other developing partners members of the Sahel Alliance. Using these tools systematically allows remote supervision, frequent environmental and social monitoring, and coordination across projects and partners working in the same area. C. Sustainability 80. The sustainability of the activities supported by the project can be assessed through three Against Exclusion. Its objectives are inter alia to: ( a ) define national social protection, solidarity and social cohesion policies; ( b ) to coordinate the implementation of the national SP policy with poor and vulnerable populations; and ( c ) ensure universal access to basic services for these populations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 535, + 556, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Digital innovations will be leveraged to support the monitoring and evaluation of the project during implementation. In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the on-going project will continue to be leveraged for this project. The GEMS will enable Taazour to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Kobo Toolbox Platform is a tool used for data collection and management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a platform for data collection", + "described as enabling data structuring", + "not referenced explicitly as a source of structured data or records", + "appears within a sentence describing broader project infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Kobo Toolbox Platform' is referred to as a tool used for the monitoring and evaluation of a project. Specifically, it is indicated that the platform supports data collection and structuring but is not described as holding or presenting a dataset itself. The language suggests that it serves as an infrastructure for collecting and managing data rather than being a source of a structured dataset itself. The mention of 'centralized M & E system' further reinforces that this is more about system management rather than a discrete dataset available for analysis. The model might have perceived this as a dataset mention due to phrases like 'supports the monitoring and evaluation,' which could imply a data source role, and the capitalization of 'Kobo Toolbox Platform' making it appear as a proper name, but the context clarifies its role as a tool rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Kobo Toolbox Platform' is not a dataset but a tool to facilitate data collection and management within a project, hence it does not represent a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The proposed project will also support continued capacity-building for Taazour General Delegation and CSA to better track implementation, monitor safety net interventions, and evaluate policy and programs based on the systematic and organized feedback from beneficiaries, impact evaluations and the analysis of MIS data. 79. Digital innovations will be leveraged to support the monitoring and evaluation of the project during implementation. In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the on-going project will continue to be leveraged for this project. The GEMS will enable Taazour to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system. The platform will be customized to capture relevant indicators, photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and GPS coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the project during implementation. This platform is already used in other Sahel countries and is being deployed to the other developing partners members of the Sahel Alliance. Using these tools systematically allows remote supervision, frequent environmental and social monitoring, and coordination across projects and partners working in the same area. C. Sustainability 80. The sustainability of the activities supported by the project can be assessed through three Against Exclusion. Its objectives are inter alia to: ( a ) define national social protection, solidarity and social cohesion policies; ( b ) to coordinate the implementation of the national SP policy with poor and vulnerable populations; and ( c ) ensure universal access to basic services for these populations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 644, + 648, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In particular, the Geo-Enabling initiative for Monitoring and Supervision ( GEMS ) under the Kobo Toolbox Platform piloted under the on-going project will continue to be leveraged for this project. The GEMS will enable Taazour to collect and structure digital data that automatically feeds into a centralized M & E system. The platform will be customized to capture relevant indicators, photos, audio, videos; time and date stamps; and GPS coordinates that allow for automated geo-mapping of the project during implementation.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "GEMS is described as an initiative that leverages digital tools for monitoring and evaluation, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an initiative under a platform", + "mentioned as part of a project", + "enables data collection but not a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GEMS is presented as an initiative or program tied to the Kobo Toolbox Platform, designed for monitoring and evaluation. It is not described as a standalone dataset; instead, it functions as a mechanism or infrastructure that helps in the collection and structuring of data. The description indicates it facilitates the capturing of varied digital data types (indicators, media, timestamps, GPS coordinates), implying it serves as a platform for data collection rather than being a structured set of aggregated data itself. The model might have been confused due to the capitalization and the presence of terms like 'collect' and 'structure data,' which could suggest it is a dataset. However, the surrounding context clarifies that it is an initiative or platform, rather than a concrete dataset containing data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GEMS is not considered a real dataset in this context, as it refers to an initiative or platform supporting data collection rather than representing a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 40, + "text": "and disclosed by the Social Registry ( Number ) 0. 00 6. 00 12. 00 18. 00 24. 00 30. 00 Community members reporting positive feedback on household registration outcome for the Social Registry 0. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 80. 00 80. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 21, + 36, + "named" + ], + [ + 88, + 105, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "and disclosed by the Social Registry ( Number ) 0. 00 6.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data related to community members and their household registration outcomes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "capitalized name indicating a proper noun", + "disclosed by the Social Registry", + "context suggests a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Social Registry' is capitalized, indicating it is a proper name, which is a common cue for a named entity such as a dataset. The phrase 'disclosed by the Social Registry' implies that it originates from this source, suggesting it is viewed in the context of data provision. Although this could imply that it is an information system or a platform storing data, the context provides strong indications that it is actively being used as a dataset, since it is discussed in terms of data disclosure. A model may confuse the 'Social Registry' as a system rather than a dataset because of its functional nature. However, since it is clearly referenced in the context of data being disclosed, it aligns more with being a concrete dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset here because it is described as the source of data disclosed, suggesting it is a structured collection of community member data." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 496, + 511, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 686, + 708, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to select beneficiaries for social safety net programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries'", + "described as a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' seems to be functioning as a concrete dataset because it is explicitly mentioned in relation to its use for selecting beneficiaries in social safety net programs. Specifically, it is framed within the methodology for data collection, indicating how the data is utilized in assessing program effectiveness. That the document discusses user agreements signed by the Social Registry suggests it is more than just a project or system; it actively serves as a source of structured data pertaining to beneficiary selection. The surrounding text reinforces the concept of the Social Registry being a specific tool involving recorded data rather than just a name of a project or system without data context. A potential confusion factor for the model could arise from the fact that 'Social Registry' might also imply an overarching project name, but the specifics of its involvement in data collection indicate it serves a primary role in these processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly referenced in the context of collecting data for beneficiary selection in social programs, thus functioning as a structured source of records." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 582, + 597, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 686, + 708, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1128, + 1146, + "Social Registry <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to select beneficiaries for social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries'", + "described in the context of programs that utilize the data for decision-making", + "implies structured data usage for monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' appears to be positioned as a data source utilized by various programs, specifically for selecting beneficiaries for social safety net initiatives. Given that it follows explicit phrases indicating its function in selecting beneficiaries, it suggests that it serves as a structured collection of records which fulfills a role similar to that of a dataset. However, it is essential to note that it could also be perceived as an information system or management database supporting those operations. The model might have been confused due to the potential for viewing the term as a project or system, especially since it lacks explicit phrasing that categorically defines it as a dataset. Nonetheless, considering the context where it is described as being instrumental for data-driven decisions, it leans more towards being treated as a dataset in this specific instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as the source used for selecting beneficiaries in social safety net programs, indicating its structured nature and function in data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 643, + 658, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 686, + 708, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 37 of 61 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 ( Yes / No ) The common financial vehicle has been established ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries Number of user agreements signed by the Social Registry Semester Project Semester report Supervision Social Registry Directorate SSN programs ' beneficiary households avoiding negative coping strategies ( national / refugees ) This indicators tracks the percentage of households benefiting from the shock - response program which avoid negative coping strategies as a result of the program. Negative Coping strategies refer to those included in the Coping Strategy Index ( CSI ): reduce number of meals eaten in a day, consume seed stock held for next season, and so on.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to select beneficiaries for social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of data collection", + "described as a structured collection of data for selecting beneficiaries", + "enumerated alongside monitoring and evaluation indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' indicates a structured system used actively for selecting beneficiaries of social programs, which strongly aligns with the concept of a dataset. The phrases such as 'Programs using the Social Registry to select their beneficiaries' and 'responsibility for data collection' convey that the Social Registry is not merely a system or project name but a functional tool that serves the purpose of data collection and usage. Although there might be confusion because it could also imply a management information system or project, the specific mention of its use for data sourcing in beneficiary selection explicitly frames it as a dataset. This clarity in purpose and function, especially supported by the mention of indicators related to it, differentiates it from entities that merely act as infrastructure or project titles.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' functions as a dataset in this context because it is described as a structured data collection actively used to select beneficiaries, particularly in relation to social safety net programs." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 38 of 61 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS - assumptions: ( i ) 6 individuals per household and ( ii ) 70 % of Elmaouna beneficiaries are also benefitting from Tekavoul and should not be counted twice. Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Refugees Number of indivuduals supported by safety net programs supported by the project ( with a ratio of 4 individuals per refugee households ) Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households with complete information in Social Registry Number of households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio-economic data has been collected and recorded.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1046, + 1061, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1006, + 1016, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1147, + 1166, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 38 of 61 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS - assumptions: ( i ) 6 individuals per household and ( ii ) 70 % of Elmaouna beneficiaries are also benefitting from Tekavoul and should not be counted twice. Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Refugees Number of indivuduals supported by safety net programs supported by the project ( with a ratio of 4 individuals per refugee households ) Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households with complete information in Social Registry Number of households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio-economic data has been collected and recorded.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, making it a dataset used for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database that stores socio-economic data", + "mentioned in the context of data collection and analysis", + "indicates a structured collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' is referenced in a way that highlights its role as a structured collection of socioeconomic data about households. The surrounding text emphasizes that it is a source for monitoring and evaluation, which further solidifies its identity as a dataset. Although the term could be confused with a project or management information system due to its formal capitalized title, the explicit mention of it as a 'database' and its description focusing on data collection for analysis strongly suggest that it functions as a dataset in this instance. This misinterpretation may stem from the lack of clear differentiation in the original text between the Social Registry as a tool/system and its function as a data repository used in the evaluation framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly described as a database containing socio-economic records, directly relating it to data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 38 of 61 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS - assumptions: ( i ) 6 individuals per household and ( ii ) 70 % of Elmaouna beneficiaries are also benefitting from Tekavoul and should not be counted twice. Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Refugees Number of indivuduals supported by safety net programs supported by the project ( with a ratio of 4 individuals per refugee households ) Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households with complete information in Social Registry Number of households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio-economic data has been collected and recorded.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1104, + 1128, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1006, + 1016, + "Social Registry database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1147, + 1166, + "Social Registry database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 38 of 61 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS - assumptions: ( i ) 6 individuals per household and ( ii ) 70 % of Elmaouna beneficiaries are also benefitting from Tekavoul and should not be counted twice. Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Female Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team Beneficiaries of social safety net programs - Refugees Number of indivuduals supported by safety net programs supported by the project ( with a ratio of 4 individuals per refugee households ) Semester Programs MIS Request based on the programs MIS Monitoring and evaluation team ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Households with complete information in Social Registry Number of households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio-economic data has been collected and recorded.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Social Registry database is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, making it a dataset used for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing socio-economic data", + "number of households registered within the Social Registry database", + "enumerated within a structured monitoring and evaluation context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'Social Registry database' in this context, it is clear that the term refers to a structured collection of socio-economic data. The phrase 'number of households registered within the Social Registry database' explicitly indicates that this entity stores specific data that is collected for analysis. The use of the word 'database' typically implies a systematic collection of data, reinforcing its nature as a dataset rather than merely a project or system. While it could be interpreted as part of a broader system, the context provided strongly indicates that this is being used as a definitive source of data for monitoring and evaluation purposes. This leads me to conclude that it does function as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly serves as a structured source of socio-economic data applicable for analysis and monitoring." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "Semester Social Registry Database Specific IT request on the Social Registry Database Social Registry Directorate", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 9, + 33, + "named" + ], + [ + 86, + 113, + "Social Registry Database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry Database Specific IT request on the Social Registry Database Social Registry Directorate", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data used for social registry purposes, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "capitalized and looks like a proper name", + "mentioned alongside 'specific IT request'", + "suggests functionality related to data management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry Database' is presented in a way that suggests it is functioning as a structured system for storing and managing records relevant to social registry purposes. The phrase 'Specific IT request on the Social Registry Database' implies an operational system, which typically indicates that it is indeed a dataset being referenced. Furthermore, it is capitalized, which may suggest it is being treated formally. However, the presence of the word 'database' does introduce a hint of confusion, as 'database' could refer to an infrastructural component rather than a dataset itself. In this instance, even though it behaves more like a system, the context strongly supports it being treated as a dataset used for specific analytical purposes based on social registry information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Social Registry Database' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its specific mention and active use in operational requests, aligning it with functions typically associated with datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 43, + "text": "Semester Social Registry Database Specific IT request on the Social Registry Database Social Registry Directorate", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 61, + 85, + "named" + ], + [ + 86, + 113, + "Social Registry Database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry Database Specific IT request on the Social Registry Database Social Registry Directorate", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data used for social registry purposes, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a repetitive context without clarifying its role as a data source", + "appears to be a title rather than an active dataset used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Social Registry Database', I found the context it appears in rather limiting for identifying it as a concrete dataset. The phrase appears multiple times in a narrow context that suggests its primary role is as a system or IT resource rather than an explicit data collection used for analyses or reporting. Since it doesn't follow terms such as 'uses data from...' and is not described in a way that implies the extraction of specific data for research, it leads me to the conclusion that it may refer more to a management information system rather than a dataset itself. The model embedded cues that indicated it looked like a dataset, such as capitalization and multiple mentions, but lacked contextual indicators of it serving as a source of structured records for an analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry Database' here behaves more like a system or platform rather than a dataset because it lacks contextual support indicating its use as a primary data source or a structured collection for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 132, + 147, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, used for analysis and decision-making in social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database storing socio-economic data", + "follows phrases referencing specific data collection", + "mentioned as part of the Social Safety Net System Project", + "repeatedly listed along with clear data-related terms" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry' clearly describes a structured collection of socio-economic data specifically related to households. The phrase 'Social Registry - Refugee' indicates that the Social Registry is a real entity collecting records (i.e., information about refugee households) and therefore presents concrete data. Additionally, it is referred to as a 'MIS' (Management Information System) which suggests it maintains a database for record-keeping. The repeated mentions of it being a database also support its function as a dataset\u2014unless clarified otherwise, the context leans towards it being treated as the primary data collection relevant to the program. It could be viewed as intricate infrastructure for housing data, but due to its explicit association with collecting and recording socio-economic data, it takes on the role of a dataset. The extraction model might have been confused due to its designation as a system, yet the context firmly roots it in the presentation of substantive data from that system, making it more than just an abstract idea of a database.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' behaves as a dataset because it is described as a database that collects and maintains socio-economic data about households, making it an essential data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 208, + 232, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Registry database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry database <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Social Registry database is a structured collection of socio-economic data on households, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'social-economic data has been collected and recorded'", + "mentioned in the context of data collection and household information", + "specifically refers to actual records and data regarding households", + "enumerates 'Social Registry database' alongside mentions of socio-economic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Social Registry database' is being referenced directly in relation to the collection of socio-economic data pertaining to refugee households. The context emphasizes that this database contains actual records that have been collected, thus supporting the idea that it serves as a dataset. It is treated as a primary source for analysis of socio-economic factors, as indicated by the phrases discussing households with complete information and updated information, clearly showing that it is not just a platform, but a concrete source of data. There could be confusion, as 'Social Registry' could imply an information system, yet in this instance, it aligns closely with the definition and characteristics of a dataset due to its usage and the context provided. Given the specificity and purpose of this mention, it is concluded to be a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it contains structured socio-economic data recorded from households, indicating that it is used for specific analytical purposes rather than merely serving as an abstract system or tool." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 534, + 558, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Register database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Register database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Register database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Register database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Register database <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Register database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Social Register database is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "contains socio-economic data", + "mentioned in the context of registered households", + "used for collecting and recording data", + "follows specific project references which imply a structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Register database' clearly refers to a structured collection of data that contains socio-economic information about households. The text explicitly describes it as a database and indicates that it is used for data collection and record-keeping, which aligns with how a dataset is defined. While the model could have confused it with a management information system (MIS) given the use of terms like 'MIS' adjacent to the database, the specific references to data collection processes and the term 'database' itself suggest that it serves as a concrete data source. There are also indications that the information is specifically structured and accessible, further reinforcing its identity as a dataset rather than merely a tool or project name. Hence, although the presence of the term 'MIS' could lead to confusion, in this case, the emphasis on it being a 'database' and its role in data collection is pronounced enough to classify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Register database' in this context is clearly identified as a structured dataset containing socio-economic data on households and is described as being actively used for data collection and record keeping. Therefore, it fits the definition of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 748, + 763, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, used for analysis and decision-making in social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "repeatedly mentioned alongside 'MIS'", + "described as a 'Social Registry MIS'", + "follows references to specific actions like resolutions of grievances", + "primarily mentioned in the context of a management information system rather than directly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon evaluating the context of the term 'Social Registry', it is clear that it is consistently framed as part of a management information system (MIS). The text describes it as 'Social Registry MIS', indicating that it functions as a platform or system for managing socio-economic data rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The frequent mention of 'Social Registry database' further implies a structured system used to support operational processes rather than a dataset that exists independently as a data collection. Despite the potential of having a dataset within it, the overall language points towards its use as an infrastructure facilitating data handling rather than being treated directly as the dataset itself. The model may have been confused due to the structured nature of the data that could be thought of as a dataset, especially with terms like 'households' and 'data collected'; however, it's important to understand that these records exist within the context of a system designed for ongoing operations.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' refers to a management information system rather than an independent dataset. It is described alongside other MIS-related terms, indicating that it serves as a system for data management and operational processing, which leads to the conclusion that it functions more as infrastructure than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1069, + 1084, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, used for analysis and decision-making in social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "repeatedly referred to as 'MIS'", + "mentioned in the context of extraction and project reports" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' behaves more as a management information system (MIS) rather than a standalone dataset. It is mentioned multiple times alongside the term 'MIS', which suggests that it serves as a framework or tool for managing data rather than a distinct set of data used for analysis. The repeated references to its functionality (e.g., grievances, reports, and responsibilities) indicate that it facilitates data management and processing in a structured way but does not exclusively denote a dataset itself. This can lead to confusion for models because 'Social Registry' is capitalized and presented in a way that carries semblances of a dataset, especially with the context indicating organized socio-economic data. However, the emphasis on it being a system suggests it is more about the infrastructure that stores and utilizes data rather than being the data itself. The model might have been misled by the structured nature of the information but ultimately, it is not a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' in this context is more accurately viewed as a management information system rather than a traditional dataset, as it is described and referred to with terms that align with system functionalities and operations instead of distinct data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1114, + 1129, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, used for analysis and decision-making in social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as 'MIS'", + "described as a database", + "appears in project context", + "mentioned alongside project and system activities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' is closely connected with the terms like 'MIS Request' and 'Social Registry database', which indicate that it's part of a management information system rather than standing alone as a dataset itself. While the Social Registry may contain data and be referenced in analyses, the repeated use of the terms 'MIS' and context around projects suggests a systematic infrastructure used for data collection/management instead of a singular dataset. The confusion arises because the term 'Social Registry' is capitalized and is referenced in contexts that imply it contains structured data. However, its mentions do not frame it explicitly as a source of analysis in the same way that other datasets might be framed. Therefore, it's better seen as part of the information system from which datasets may be derived.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is understood in this context as a management information system or project rather than a standalone dataset due to its association with MIS, project activities, and its descriptions as a database." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Mauritania Social Safety Net System Project II ( P171125 ) Page 39 of 61 Households with complete information in the Social Registry - Refugee Number of refugee households registred within the Social Registry database and for which the socio - economic data has been collected and recorded. Semester Social Registry MIS Specific request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Households with updated information in the Social registry ( less than 3 years ) Percentage of households included in the Social Register database for which socio-economic data was collected within the previous three years. Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1175, + 1190, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 25, + "Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 88, + 98, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 168, + 186, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 251, + 272, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ], + [ + 412, + 422, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Semester Social Registry MIS Request on the Social Registry database Social Registry Directorate Cases from the Social Registry grievance redress mechanism resolved in a timely manner Percentage of complaints or requests for information received by the Social Registry that have been resolved within 60 days. Semester Social Registry MIS MIS extraction Social Registry Directorate Spot-check surveys carried-out and disclosed by the Social Registry Number of spot checks on the Social Registry carried out by an external firm and / or the Social Registry during the duration of the project and which have been the subject of a report and feedback to the teams.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of socio-economic data about households, used for analysis and decision-making in social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as a management information system (MIS) that collects records", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Social Registry' appears multiple times, indicating its involvement as a systematic tool for processing and managing data. The repeated mention of 'MIS' (management information system) indicates that it serves more as a framework or platform for data rather than just a structured dataset for analysis. The presence of phrases such as 'Social Registry MIS Request,' 'Social Registry database,' and 'Social Registry Directorate' strongly suggests that it is a system designed for social welfare management rather than an isolated set of data that researchers might analyze directly. A model might have been confused because it looks like a dataset due to its structured nature and use in data-related discussions, yet the context shows it's functioning as a system encompassing various managed data aspects rather than simply a collection of records to analyze.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This occurrence of 'Social Registry' is better interpreted as a management information system rather than a discrete dataset, as it is framed within the context of MIS requests and database management." + }, + { + "filename": "067_Mauritania-Second-Social-Safety-Net-System-Project", + "page": 61, + "text": "Women and men have the same rights to vote and be elected. Affirmative action measures include quotas. In 2013, the election law set up a 20 percent quota of women on electoral lists. This enabled women to get 22. 5 percent of seats in the Assembly, 18 percent in the Senate that year and 35 percent of municipal councils, with six female mayors in 2018. Progress is slow: in 2019, the national assembly has 25 percent of seats occupied by women and 36 percent in local assemblies. Hurdles facing women \u2019 s participation include: low schooling levels, lack of resources to engage in political activities, and social norms about the role women can play in public life. 12. Mobility. Women can obtain a passport and national identity card, independently of their marital status. However, foreign women who marry a Mauritanian citizen obtain citizenship through marriage while Mauritanian women cannot transmit their nationality to foreign husbands. 13. GBV. Data about GBV ( including female genital mutilation, sexual violence, early and forced marriages ) is difficult to come by. Legal protection of survivors is weak, which may also deter reporting. The 2015 Demographic and Health Survey yields the following statistics: a. Two-thirds of women aged 15 to 49 have suffered some form of female genital mutilation / excision ( FGM / E ). These rates are higher in rural ( 75 percent ) than in urban ( 55 percent ) areas and decrease with education ( 75 percent of women without schooling vs. 49 percent among women with at least secondary education ). More than half of female respondents declared that at least one of their daughters alive had undergone some form of MGF / E. Highest rates are in Assaba and Hodh el Gharbi", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1156, + 1190, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Legal protection of survivors is weak, which may also deter reporting. The 2015 Demographic and Health Survey yields the following statistics: a. Two-thirds of women aged 15 to 49 have suffered some form of female genital mutilation / excision ( FGM / E ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2015 Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic factors.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'yields the following statistics:'", + "described as a health and demographic survey", + "provides structured statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2015 Demographic and Health Survey' is presented as a source of quantitative data concerning health demographics. The phrase 'yields the following statistics' directly associates it with numerical results and structured records, indicating that it serves as a clear data source rather than merely a project or system. While surveys can sometimes be seen as infrastructure for data collection, this particular phrasing emphasizes its role in providing concrete statistical data. Therefore, it is reasonable to classify it as a dataset. The model might have considered it a system or project due to its formal naming, but the context strongly indicates it is used here as a data source for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2015 Demographic and Health Survey' is appropriately identified as a dataset since it provides structured statistical data that is used for analysis in the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The three poorest provinces \u2013 Ruyigi, Muyinga and Cankuzo \u2013 are located in the north-east and have poverty rates of 85. 4, 83. 5 and 79. 5 percent respectively measured against the national poverty line, well above the national average of 64. 9 percent. Suffering from degraded and scarce land resources, high population density and isolation from centers of economic activity, the north - eastern provinces face acute food security and nutrition challenges. Access to basic infrastructure and services is also limited in the country, but particularly in the north-east. 7 1 ECVMB, Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages Burundais ( 2017 ). 2 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) 2016-2017. 3 About 10 percent of Burundian children under 2 years consume a minimum acceptable diet: Demographic and Health Survey 2016-17. 4 After the 2000 Arusha Peace Accords and democratic elections in 2005, Burundi \u2019 s growth accelerated to an average of 4. 3 percent annually from 2007 to 2014. Moreover, its Human Capital Index ( HCI ) value went up from 0. 35 to 0. 38 between 2012 and 2017. 5 The World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic identifies \u2018 ensuring basic needs are met \u2019 as a priority for the coming years. See World Bank ( 2018 ) Republic of Burundi: Systematic Country Diagnostic. Report No. 122549-BI. 6 See World Bank ( 2011 ) World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development and World Bank ( 2017 ) World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law. 7 Data from the United Nations INFORM vulnerability index shows: ( a ) on food security, Ruyigi ranks as the most vulnerable province, with Ngozi second and Cankuzo fifth; ( b ) on infrastructure, Ruyigi ranks number two and Cankuzo third; ( c ) on education, Muyinga ranks second most vulnerable, Ngozi forth, Ruyigi fifth and Cankuzo seventh; and ( d ) on access to health, Ruyigi ranks third and Cankuzo forth.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 650, + 679, + "named" + ], + [ + 30, + 36, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 640, + 644, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 682, + 685, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 688, + 697, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1422, + 1426, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1454, + 1458, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 1 ECVMB, Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages Burundais ( 2017 ). 2 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) 2016-2017. 3 About 10 percent of Burundian children under 2 years consume a minimum acceptable diet: Demographic and Health Survey 2016-17.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "specific years indicate a structured data collection", + "described with concrete demographic and health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Demographic and Health Survey' (DHS) appears in a specific list alongside another survey, indicating that it is recognized as a data source. The inclusion of the years '2016-2017' associated with the DHS further implies it is a structured dataset relevant to demographic and health indicators. Also, considering the context provides statistics pertaining to children, it strengthens the notion that the DHS is treated as a dataset rather than merely a project or system. Although an extractive model might initially consider 'Demographic and Health Survey' as a project or system due to its formal title-like appearance, the surrounding context explicitly aligns it with structured data usage, ultimately categorizing it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' is clearly referenced as a structured dataset due to its enumeration with another survey and its association with specific data concerning health indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The three poorest provinces \u2013 Ruyigi, Muyinga and Cankuzo \u2013 are located in the north-east and have poverty rates of 85. 4, 83. 5 and 79. 5 percent respectively measured against the national poverty line, well above the national average of 64. 9 percent. Suffering from degraded and scarce land resources, high population density and isolation from centers of economic activity, the north - eastern provinces face acute food security and nutrition challenges. Access to basic infrastructure and services is also limited in the country, but particularly in the north-east. 7 1 ECVMB, Enqu\u00eate sur les Conditions de Vie des M\u00e9nages Burundais ( 2017 ). 2 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) 2016-2017. 3 About 10 percent of Burundian children under 2 years consume a minimum acceptable diet: Demographic and Health Survey 2016-17. 4 After the 2000 Arusha Peace Accords and democratic elections in 2005, Burundi \u2019 s growth accelerated to an average of 4. 3 percent annually from 2007 to 2014. Moreover, its Human Capital Index ( HCI ) value went up from 0. 35 to 0. 38 between 2012 and 2017. 5 The World Bank Systematic Country Diagnostic identifies \u2018 ensuring basic needs are met \u2019 as a priority for the coming years. See World Bank ( 2018 ) Republic of Burundi: Systematic Country Diagnostic. Report No. 122549-BI. 6 See World Bank ( 2011 ) World Development Report 2011: Conflict, Security and Development and World Bank ( 2017 ) World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law. 7 Data from the United Nations INFORM vulnerability index shows: ( a ) on food security, Ruyigi ranks as the most vulnerable province, with Ngozi second and Cankuzo fifth; ( b ) on infrastructure, Ruyigi ranks number two and Cankuzo third; ( c ) on education, Muyinga ranks second most vulnerable, Ngozi forth, Ruyigi fifth and Cankuzo seventh; and ( d ) on access to health, Ruyigi ranks third and Cankuzo forth.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 789, + 818, + "named" + ], + [ + 640, + 644, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 682, + 685, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 688, + 697, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 900, + 907, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1422, + 1426, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1454, + 1458, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1573, + 1579, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 Demographic and Health Survey ( DHS ) 2016-2017. 3 About 10 percent of Burundian children under 2 years consume a minimum acceptable diet: Demographic and Health Survey 2016-17. 4 After the 2000 Arusha Peace Accords and democratic elections in 2005, Burundi \u2019 s growth accelerated to an average of 4.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows mention of a specific survey", + "described with clear temporal parameters" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the mention of 'Demographic and Health Survey' refers specifically to a structured data collection effort that focuses on health and demographic metrics. The term is explicitly linked to a specific time period (2016-2017) which lends credibility to it being treated as a dataset rather than merely a program or system. It is mentioned twice in the short context, reinforcing its relevance as a source of data regarding children\u2019s diet consumption in Burundi. Additionally, the structured nature of the survey fits the definition of a dataset as it reliably contains records used for analysis. The confusion may arise because similar terms could refer to programs or MIS; however, here it is directly positioned as a source of data, not just a project title or tool, making it suitable to classify as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This is considered a dataset because it directly refers to a specific survey that collects demographic and health data, indicated by its temporal context and repeated mention as a source." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Burundi has made good progress in the health and education sectors over the last fifteen years, but gaps remain with respect to access to basic services and public infrastructure. Just nine percent of the population has access to 16 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. 17 56 percent of children under 5 years of age in Burundi are stunted, with 61 percent in Ngozi, 66 percent in Muyinga, 59 percent in Cankuzo, and 52 percent in Ruyigi: DHS 2016-17 18 Data as of 2017. See https: / / data. worldbank. org / indicator / sp. dyn. tfrt. in 77. 5 56. 6 42. 4 31. 4 3. 8 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Fetal growth restriction and preterm birth Water, sanitation and biomass fuel use Child nutrition and infection Maternal nutrition and infection Teenage motherhood and short birth intervals Attributable stunting cases ( thousands )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 535, + 538, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 7, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 233, + 247, + "DHS <> author" + ], + [ + 249, + 266, + "DHS <> author" + ], + [ + 272, + 289, + "DHS <> author" + ], + [ + 292, + 296, + "DHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 383, + 412, + "DHS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 416, + 423, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 456, + 461, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 477, + 484, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 500, + 507, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 527, + 533, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 539, + 546, + "DHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 561, + 565, + "DHS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Prepared by Banyan Global. 17 56 percent of children under 5 years of age in Burundi are stunted, with 61 percent in Ngozi, 66 percent in Muyinga, 59 percent in Cankuzo, and 52 percent in Ruyigi: DHS 2016-17 18 Data as of 2017. See https: / / data.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to the Demographic and Health Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in health and demographic statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "appears in a statistical context assessing child stunting rates", + "described as data from DHS 2016-17", + "follows a quantitative statement about children under 5" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'DHS' stands for the Demographic and Health Survey, which is indeed a structured dataset that collects vital health and demographic data. The mention is situated immediately after statistical information about child stunting rates in various regions, indicating it serves as the basis for the claim. The phrase 'DHS 2016-17 Data as of 2017' clearly implies this data is sourced from a specific dataset collected during those years. Hence, it is referred to as a dataset rather than a system or project. While 'DHS' could also be confused with a management information system or a project name because of the nature of its information collection and analysis goals, the context explicitly highlights its function as a data source for the analysis presented. The model may have been misled by the initials 'DHS' as they could refer to various terms, but given the surrounding indicators, it is evident this refers to specific data used in health research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' is appropriately identified as a dataset, specifically the Demographic and Health Survey data. It is cited directly as a data source for statistical analysis regarding stunting in children." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 24, + "text": "All 28 communes in the target provinces \u2013 Cankuzo, Muyinga, Ngozi and Ruyigi \u2013 were ranked using a composite needs index constructed with data on poverty, malnutrition and the impact of forced displacement. 34 Figure 4 demonstrates that the four project provinces rank among the highest in the country against these three variables. 34 Index data sources: ( a ) Poverty: RGPH 2008 and ECVMB 2014 ( Burundi Poverty Assessment 2016 ); ( b ) Malnutrition: ISTEEBU / WFP / UNICEF report 2019; and ( c ) Forced displacement: ( i ) IDPs - IOM-DTM ( May 2019 ); ( ii ) Refugees \u2013 UNHCR ( April 2019 ); and ( iii ) Returnees: UNHCR ( July 2019 ). Population figures are from UNFPA / ISTEEEBU 2018. In line with the PDO, the index was weighted 40 percent for poverty and malnutrition and 20 percent for the impact of forced displacement.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 533, + 540, + "named" + ], + [ + 42, + 49, + "IOM-DTM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 99, + 120, + "IOM-DTM <> data type" + ], + [ + 138, + 205, + "IOM-DTM <> data description" + ], + [ + 483, + 487, + "IOM-DTM <> publication year" + ], + [ + 526, + 530, + "IOM-DTM <> reference population" + ], + [ + 543, + 551, + "IOM-DTM <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "34 Figure 4 demonstrates that the four project provinces rank among the highest in the country against these three variables. 34 Index data sources: ( a ) Poverty: RGPH 2008 and ECVMB 2014 ( Burundi Poverty Assessment 2016 ); ( b ) Malnutrition: ISTEEBU / WFP / UNICEF report 2019; and ( c ) Forced displacement: ( i ) IDPs - IOM-DTM ( May 2019 ); ( ii ) Refugees \u2013 UNHCR ( April 2019 ); and ( iii ) Returnees: UNHCR ( July 2019 ). Population figures are from UNFPA / ISTEEEBU 2018.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "IOM-DTM refers to a structured collection of data related to internally displaced persons, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'uses data from'", + "described as containing data on internally displaced persons" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IOM-DTM' appears as part of a list of sources of data related to specific variables, namely forced displacement. Since it is included in an enumeration alongside established datasets from reputable organizations (like UNHCR) and is cited with a specific date (May 2019), it strongly signals that 'IOM-DTM' is a recognized source of structured data. Furthermore, despite it potentially being a part of a larger project or information system related to internally displaced persons, it is referenced here explicitly regarding its provision of data. The mention does not focus on the framework or methodology of the system itself, but instead on the data it produces and supplies for analysis, leading to the determination that it counts as a dataset in this specific context. A potential confusion factor could be the perception that it is simply an organization\u2019s project or tool, rather than directly a dataset. However, the way it is framed here as a source outweighs that interpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'IOM-DTM' is treated as a dataset due to its enumeration alongside other known data sources and its explicit mention as providing data on forced displacement, despite it possibly also being a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "Much of the data collected will be disaggregated by gender and status as refugee or member of the host community member. The overall M & E system is guided by the Project \u2019 s results framework. It will use smart-phone technology and a web-based Management Information System ( MIS ) to support efficient data collection, aggregation and analysis to enhance transparency and allow for real-time monitoring of project progress and to facilitate rapid corrective actions. The Bank will augment government M & E by piloting Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring ( IBM ) in the target areas. IBM is a method to generate cost-efficient regular and timely monitoring of project activities and results on a quarterly basis. It will strengthen management oversight and accountability while enhancing citizen engagement. 85. Management Information System ( MIS ). The project \u2019 s MIS will provide data on key project inputs, outputs and progress. This will include the tracking of financial and physical progress in project implementation. The PIU will regularly review and analyze these data to report on progress, assess performance and identify issues for follow-up action. A central MIS unit within the PIU will support the roll-out and maintenance of the system, data analysis and regular reporting to the ITC, PSC and the World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 245, + 274, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The overall M & E system is guided by the Project \u2019 s results framework. It will use smart-phone technology and a web-based Management Information System ( MIS ) to support efficient data collection, aggregation and analysis to enhance transparency and allow for real-time monitoring of project progress and to facilitate rapid corrective actions. The Bank will augment government M & E by piloting Iterative Beneficiary Monitoring ( IBM ) in the target areas.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Management Information System (MIS) refers to a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not mentioned as a direct data source for analysis", + "focused on technology for data collection and monitoring, rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Management Information System' (MIS) is explicitly described as a system utilized for supporting data collection, aggregation, and analysis rather than representing a collection of data itself. The text emphasizes the operational aspect of the MIS as a tool for efficient data management and monitoring within the project's framework, indicating it serves as infrastructure rather than being treated as a dataset. The confusion might arise from the presence of phrases like 'supports efficient data collection' and the potential assumption that technologies like MIS refer to datasets. However, since the MIS is not identified as a structured data source containing specific datasets but more as an overarching tool facilitating data processes, it becomes clearer that it should not be classified as a dataset in this context. A model might have thought it is a dataset due to its capitalized form and the context of data usage, but distinguishing between the system's function and an actual collection of data is key. Also, there's no reference to the MIS containing specific records or indicators, which is a critical identifier for datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Management Information System (MIS) is considered a tool or infrastructure for managing data, rather than a dataset itself. It's focused on data processes and does not serve as a standalone source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "The Project MIS will have a publicly accessible portal and dashboard that will provide information on overall project progress and the status of key results indicators, as well as detailed sub - project, commune and province level data. 86. Evaluations and Assessments. A baseline study will be conducted during the inception phase and at project closing, to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of project results. Several special studies will be undertaken to enhance understanding of key aspects of the project, as follows: ( a ) Economic Analysis of selected completed sub - projects, including an assessment of the impact on income from the investments made under Component 2; ( b ) Technical and Maintenance Reviews of the quality of infrastructure works and maintenance. A sample of completed sub-projects will be visited by teams of engineers to assess the quality of construction, ongoing functionality and identify issues with maintenance; and ( c ) Process Evaluation: teams of qualitative researchers will spend extended periods of time in a small sample of communes to document the bottom-up planning process and project implementation to identify good practices that can be shared and potential bottlenecks that need to be dealt with by management. The studies will ensure a gendered analysis, documenting good practices for ensuring women \u2019 s involvement in the activities. Work will commence on these studies in year two so results are available for the mid-term review to inform mid-stream corrections as needed. 87. Monitoring of the refugee protection framework. The World Bank, in cooperation with UNHCR, will monitor the ongoing adequacy of the refugee protection framework in Burundi, including compliance with national legislation and", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 15, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Project MIS will have a publicly accessible portal and dashboard that will provide information on overall project progress and the status of key results indicators, as well as detailed sub - project, commune and province level data. 86.", + "type": "project management system", + "explanation": "The term 'Project MIS' refers to a management information system for project oversight, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "focus on project oversight", + "provides access to information but not structured data used for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' is referred to as a management information system designed to oversee project progress and provide access to various levels of data, such as sub-project, commune, and province data. The term implies an infrastructure that aggregates and presents the information rather than serving as a structured collection or dataset meant for direct research or statistical analysis. The model might have confused it for a dataset due to its proper noun capitalization and phrasing that suggests it provides information. However, it is pivotal to differentiate between the system as a tool for reporting and analysis versus a concrete dataset. The explicit mention of it serving a project oversight role underscores its function as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Project MIS' refers to a management information system focused on project oversight and progress reporting rather than a structured dataset for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 53, + "text": "The World Bank Burundi Integrated Community Development Project ( P169315 ) Page 48 of 86 involved in associations receiving grants under the project. Women - Beneficiaries with increased access to incremental economic opportunities Refugees - Beneficiaries with increased access to incremental economic opportunities Beneficiaries satisfied with services provided under the project Beneficiaries for this indicator is defined as direct beneficiaries under Turikumwe. Mid-term and end of project. Survey Survey PIU Women - Beneficiaries satisfied with services provided under the project Refugees - Beneficiaries satisfied with services provided under the project Number of learning events attended by government of Burundi to promote understanding of development responses to forced displacement This indicator will measure the number of learning events attended by civil servants to promote understanding of development responses to forced displacement. Quarterly Project M & E system Regular reports PIU Women beneficiaries reporting that they have a say in community decision-making We have no baseline for this indicator, but data will be collected during the baseline survey. The current target is to increase this amount by 20 percent.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 497, + 510, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Survey Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 22, + "Survey Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 151, + 172, + "Survey Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 716, + 723, + "Survey Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1007, + 1026, + "Survey Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Mid-term and end of project. Survey Survey PIU Women - Beneficiaries satisfied with services provided under the project Refugees - Beneficiaries satisfied with services provided under the project Number of learning events attended by government of Burundi to promote understanding of development responses to forced displacement This indicator will measure the number of learning events attended by civil servants to promote understanding of development responses to forced displacement. Quarterly Project M & E system Regular reports PIU Women beneficiaries reporting that they have a say in community decision-making We have no baseline for this indicator, but data will be collected during the baseline survey.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Survey Survey' refers to a structured collection of data collected from beneficiaries as part of the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of project indicators", + "does not explicitly refer to data being used or collected", + "lacks clear context as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Survey Survey' appears to refer to an evaluative or measurement project component rather than an actual collection of data. The repetitive nature of the term suggests it might be a placeholder or a descriptor rather than a formal dataset. It follows a list of indicators that suggest a framework or methodology for data collection but doesn't itself indicate a specific dataset containing recorded information. The context speaks of project milestones and indicators rather than a concrete dataset, suggesting that it is instead part of the project's overall monitoring and evaluation system. This might have led the model to misunderstand it as a dataset because it is presented alongside data-driven terminology and indicators, which could imply a data source. However, without explicit phrases indicating its use as a dataset, it seems more appropriate to classify it as a project phrase or component rather than an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Survey Survey' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it describes a component of project evaluation rather than a concrete structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 85, + "text": "In situations of displacement, women and girls are among the most vulnerable, facing a number of challenges including extreme poverty, lack of access to basic infrastructure, services and livelihoods. 4. Where access to food is inadequate, women and girls \u2014 who most often shoulder the burden of finding and collecting fuel, water and food \u2014 may venture to unprotected areas where they are at heightened risk of sexual abuse, including forced and / or coerced prostitution. 54 Nearly 60 percent of key informants indicate that water collection points and firewood are at risk areas for women. 55 This risk is present for women both in refugee camps and in host communities, though may be heightened in refugee camps that are located farther from local sources. 50 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi 51 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. 52 UNHCR ( 2018 ). Congolese Situation: Responding to the needs of displaced Congolese and Refugees. Annex \u2013 Burundi. Supplemental Appeal. http: / / reporting. unhcr. org / sites / default / files / 2018 % 20congolese % 20Situation % 20SB % 20 - % 20Burundi. pdf 53 IASC ( 2015 ). Guidelines for integrating gender-based violence interventions in humanitarian action: reducing risk, promoting resilience and aiding recovery. 54 IASC ( 2015 ). Guidelines for integrating gender-based violence interventions in humanitarian action: reducing risk, promoting resilience and aiding recovery. 55 UNOCHA ( 2019 ). Burundi Humanitarian Needs Overview.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 774, + 803, + "named" + ], + [ + 764, + 773, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 807, + 814, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 818, + 832, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 834, + 851, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 857, + 874, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 877, + 881, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 936, + 949, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1060, + 1067, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1558, + 1565, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "55 This risk is present for women both in refugee camps and in host communities, though may be heightened in refugee camps that are located farther from local sources. 50 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi 51 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey focused on demographic and health information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a specific survey", + "referred to with a year indicating a specific data collection period", + "explicitly linked to demographic and health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' refers specifically to a survey that collects data regarding the health and demographic characteristics of a population. The phrasing indicates that it represents a distinct and structured dataset, as it is described alongside a specific timeframe (2016-2017), which indicates a concrete collection of data. The model may have been confused if it had encountered this term in other contexts where it may refer to an overarching project or an information system; however, here it is closely tied to structured empirical data relevant to the analysis. The clarity in the reference to a survey helps establish it as a dataset rather than simply a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term behaves as a dataset mention in this context due to its identification as a specific survey with structured data, coupled with a defined time period." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "Women report that GBV is a risk when participating in activities outside of the house: 39 percent of women report that a man is justified in beating his wife if she goes out without telling him. With respect to sociocultural norms in the public sphere, the man is meant to represent the entire family in all domains, both in - and outside of the home. Women traditionally are not called upon or expected to speak in public, and this is especially true in rural areas. A Burundian saying goes, \u201c Nta nkokokazi ibika isake iriho \u201d ( the hen does not sing when the cock is present ). ( d ) inequitable access to assets and low control over domestic resources within the household. For instance, only 17 percent of landowners in the country are women, and 30 percent of women report that they do not have a say in decisions related to major household purchases. 62 Even the assets that women can access, such as informal credit through community based savings and loans groups, women rarely have control over the use of that credit at the household level. For example, men in some cases may use 56 IOM ( 2018 ). Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix | DTM Dashboard \u2013 September 2018. 57 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. 58 UNOCHA ( 2019 ). Burundi Humanitarian Needs Overview. 59 World Bank ( 2018 ). Demographic Challenges and Opportunities in Burundi ( Unpublished ). Washington, D. C.: World Bank Publications. 60 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi 61 UNOCHA ( 2019 ). Burundi Humanitarian Needs Overview. 62 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1108, + 1144, + "named" + ], + [ + 1094, + 1097, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1100, + 1104, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1108, + 1115, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1173, + 1177, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1182, + 1196, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> author" + ], + [ + 1198, + 1215, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> author" + ], + [ + 1221, + 1238, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> author" + ], + [ + 1241, + 1245, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1256, + 1263, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1342, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1440, + 1447, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1555, + 1562, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1583, + 1590, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1666, + 1673, + "Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For example, men in some cases may use 56 IOM ( 2018 ). Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix | DTM Dashboard \u2013 September 2018. 57 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix is a structured collection of data used to track and analyze displacement situations in Burundi.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "described as a system for tracking and analyzing displacement", + "appears in a structured context with a specific date", + "context suggests a formal data collection and reporting activity" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix' refers explicitly to a structured system used to compile and manage data regarding displacement in Burundi. The context in which it appears indicates that it serves as a recognized source of data, particularly in tracking and reporting. The phrase 'DTM Dashboard' reinforces the notion that this is not just a project name but a practical data repository or analysis tool. Although there could be confusion due to its project-like name, it fits the role of a dataset because it is referenced in an empirical analysis context and suggests structured data collection. The previous judgment as a dataset appears valid given the specific tracking and analytical purpose outlined in the statement.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Burundi Displacement Tracking Matrix' serves as a structured data source related to tracking displacement, making it a dataset in this context despite its project-like name." + }, + { + "filename": "068_Burundi-Integrated-Community-Development-Project", + "page": 87, + "text": "According to the Good Practice Note for Addressing GBV in Investment Projects Involving Major Civil Works, 66 all projects regardless of risk level should ensure the following minimum recommended actions to address GBV risks: GBV risk assessment included in project \u2019 s social assessments ( including Stakeholder Engagement Plan and Safeguard Documents ); community engagement / consultations with women and girls; conduct PIU capacity assessment; conduct GBV service provider mapping in project area; include GBV-sensitive approaches in GRM; define GBV requirements bid documents ( including the requirement for a Code of Conduct 63 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi 64 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global. 65 IASC ( 2015 ). Guidelines for integrating gender-based violence interventions in humanitarian action: reducing risk, promoting resilience and aiding recovery. 66 Good Practice Note: Recommendations for Addressing Gender Based Violence in Investment Project Financing involving Major Civil Works. World Bank. 2018", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 644, + 673, + "named" + ], + [ + 398, + 413, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 634, + 643, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 677, + 684, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 688, + 702, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 704, + 721, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 727, + 744, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 747, + 751, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 806, + 819, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to the Good Practice Note for Addressing GBV in Investment Projects Involving Major Civil Works, 66 all projects regardless of risk level should ensure the following minimum recommended actions to address GBV risks: GBV risk assessment included in project \u2019 s social assessments ( including Stakeholder Engagement Plan and Safeguard Documents ); community engagement / consultations with women and girls; conduct PIU capacity assessment; conduct GBV service provider mapping in project area; include GBV-sensitive approaches in GRM; define GBV requirements bid documents ( including the requirement for a Code of Conduct 63 2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi 64 Victoria Rames, Cl\u00e9mence Bununagi, and Caritas Niyonzima ( 2017 ) USAID / Burundi Gender Analysis Report. Prepared by Banyan Global.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to health and demographic factors.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to' indicating it references a source of information", + "described in a context referring to data related to health and demographic factors", + "cited with specific year and location, indicating it is likely an established dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this passage, the term 'Demographic and Health Survey' appears to be referenced as a citation backing the Good Practice Note for addressing GBV in investment projects. The phrase structure suggests that this particular survey provides empirical data, which strengthens the argument or recommendations being made in relation to GBV risks. The contextual clues such as '2016-2017 Demographic and Health Survey in Burundi' help indicate that this is a dataset that has been collected over a designated period and in a specific geography, further cementing its role as a concrete data source. While the term does appear at a point where the text discusses projects, it does not appear to be a project name or management information system itself; instead, it is directly tied to a structured dataset, which is how it should be treated. The extraction model might have been confused if it didn't fully parse the context surrounding the term, especially if it typically associates phrases with 'project' or 'information system' with being datasets. However, in this case, the way the survey is framed and described aligns well with the characteristics of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Demographic and Health Survey' in this context is appropriately recognized as a dataset, as it supports claims regarding health-related data and demonstrates clear indication of being a structured collection of data tied to specific demographics." + }, + { + "filename": "069_Pakistan-Strengthening-Institutions-for-Refugee-Administration-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "To improve refugee administration, the GoP needs to address the following: \u2022 institutional gaps: such as regulations and procedures for managing refugees, policies for protection of personal data of refugees and affected persons, and performance standards for staff of departments managing refugees. \u2022 organizational gaps: strengthening the capacity of key departments responsible for refugee administration, notably the CCAR and CARs; strengthening coordination among these departments, for instance, through the use of technology, and developing a performance management system to monitor improvements in meeting departmental objectives. \u2022 skills gaps: including limited staff capacity in areas such as refugee protection norms, migration policy, management information systems ( MIS ), procurement and financial management. 5 \u2022 diversity gap: Women are sparsely represented in the public sector, including in CCAR / CARs where female staff account for less than 10 percent. Unless the CCAR / CARs undergo organizational transformation, including addressing gender disparities in staffing, they will not be able to adequately support Afghan refugees, particularly women, to fully benefit from mainstreamed social services and livelihood opportunities. \u2022 lack of systems for engagement of host communities: there are three main problem areas: ( i ) mechanisms for complaints handling; ( ii ) communications ( outreach / stakeholder engagement ); and ( iii ) systems strengthening ( data and monitoring ). The CARs provide a complaint handling and feedback mechanism, but gaps remain. For instance, there is no fixed time for responding to complaints, no provision for feedback to complainants throughout the 4 UNHCR. 2019. Afghan National Registration Database ( Sept. 30 ). Islamabad. UNHCR. Available on the web: http: / / data2. unhcr. org / en / country / pak. 5 CHIP Training and Consulting. 2019. Capacity Need Assessment and Training Needs Assessment of the CCAR. Islamabad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1724, + 1761, + "named" + ], + [ + 1711, + 1716, + "Afghan National Registration Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1718, + 1722, + "Afghan National Registration Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1776, + 1785, + "Afghan National Registration Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1787, + 1792, + "Afghan National Registration Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1972, + 1981, + "Afghan National Registration Database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2019. Afghan National Registration Database ( Sept. 30 ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Afghan National Registration Database is a structured collection of data related to Afghan refugees, used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a database", + "uses structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Afghan National Registration Database' is likely a structured database rather than just a project name or system. The use of the term 'database' suggests that it is a repository for organized information about Afghan nationals, potentially containing records related to their registration. Although the text is brief, it implies that this entity operates in a way typical of datasets used for analysis. The model might have drawn the conclusion that it is a dataset because 'database' is a term often associated with data sources, especially when associated with refugee data that may have implications for analysis or research. The presence of specific identifiers and the date format around it lend it a sense of authority and possible structured use for analytical purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Afghan National Registration Database is treated as a dataset in this context because it specifically refers to a structured collection of data, indicating that it serves as a source of organized records." + }, + { + "filename": "069_Pakistan-Strengthening-Institutions-for-Refugee-Administration-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Institutions for Refugee Administration Project ( P165542 ) 22 Improved resolution of complaints of refugees and refugee hosting communities through operationalized complaints handling mechanism ( s ) This indicator tracks the the performance of Complaints Handling Mechanisms. Complaint is defined as administrative matters within the mandate of the Commissionerates for Afghan Refugees. Semi-Annual Data collected from the community based Complaints Handling System Review of the list of complaints, date of receipt and date of resolution. CCAR Data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and refugee hosting communities published regularly. This indicator tracks the collection and publication of data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and host communities. Annual The CCAR will provide information on the number of surveys conducted with evidence of data collected Completion reports providing summary statistics CCAR ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Strengthened mechanism for management of information across participating entities This indicator measures the availability of data on refugees through a functional Management Semi - annual MIS database Collecting data from the MIS CCAR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1369, + 1381, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator tracks the collection and publication of data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and host communities. Annual The CCAR will provide information on the number of surveys conducted with evidence of data collected Completion reports providing summary statistics CCAR ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Strengthened mechanism for management of information across participating entities This indicator measures the availability of data on refugees through a functional Management Semi - annual MIS database Collecting data from the MIS CCAR", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS database' refers to a structured collection of data used for managing information, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "indicates it is for managing information", + "mentioned in the context of data collection infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MIS database' appears in the context of managing the collection of socio-economic data, and it is explicitly identified as a Management Information System (MIS). While it suggests that it contains datasets, the primary role described is that of managing the data rather than serving as a direct data source in itself. This distinction comes from the description indicating its functional role in collecting data, rather than the MIS database being referenced as an actual dataset containing raw data or analysis. The confusion arises because the term 'database' often implies a collection of data which can lead models to misinterpret it as a dataset, especially when cited in a seemingly data-related context. However, here it operates more as a system facilitating data management than as a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS database' functions as the underlying system used for managing data rather than representing a specific dataset containing collected information." + }, + { + "filename": "069_Pakistan-Strengthening-Institutions-for-Refugee-Administration-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Institutions for Refugee Administration Project ( P165542 ) 22 Improved resolution of complaints of refugees and refugee hosting communities through operationalized complaints handling mechanism ( s ) This indicator tracks the the performance of Complaints Handling Mechanisms. Complaint is defined as administrative matters within the mandate of the Commissionerates for Afghan Refugees. Semi-Annual Data collected from the community based Complaints Handling System Review of the list of complaints, date of receipt and date of resolution. CCAR Data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and refugee hosting communities published regularly. This indicator tracks the collection and publication of data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and host communities. Annual The CCAR will provide information on the number of surveys conducted with evidence of data collected Completion reports providing summary statistics CCAR ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Strengthened mechanism for management of information across participating entities This indicator measures the availability of data on refugees through a functional Management Semi - annual MIS database Collecting data from the MIS CCAR", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1407, + 1410, + "named" + ], + [ + 454, + 496, + "MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This indicator tracks the collection and publication of data on socio-economic characteristics of refugees and host communities. Annual The CCAR will provide information on the number of surveys conducted with evidence of data collected Completion reports providing summary statistics CCAR ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Strengthened mechanism for management of information across participating entities This indicator measures the availability of data on refugees through a functional Management Semi - annual MIS database Collecting data from the MIS CCAR", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a structured database used for collecting and managing data on refugees, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "follows 'collecting data from'", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System, which is designed to manage and track data rather than serve as a stand-alone dataset. The text describes it as a mechanism for managing information across participating entities, indicating that it is used to facilitate data collection rather than representing a dataset itself. While it does collect data, it is not positioned as a primary data source; instead, it is a system that hosts and organizes the data. Therefore, the specific mention of 'MIS' does not fulfill the requirements to qualify as a dataset. The model likely inferred it as a dataset due to its capitalization and its association with data collection processes, which are typical language cues for data sources. However, the context makes clear that it is an information system rather than an actual dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System rather than a dataset in this instance, as it describes a system that supports data management, not a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 2, + "text": "( 2018 ) round of the Household Survey ( Enquete djiboutienne aupr\u00e8s des m\u00e9nages 4 ) EEP Eligible Expenditures of the Program EFA Education for All EGMA Early Grade Mathematics Assessment EMIS Education Management Information System EMP Environmental Management Plan ESCP Environmental and Social Commitment Plan ESMF Environment and Social Management System ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plans FM Financial Management FMR Financial Management Report", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 22, + 38, + "named" + ], + [ + 2, + 6, + "Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( 2018 ) round of the Household Survey ( Enquete djiboutienne aupr\u00e8s des m\u00e9nages 4 ) EEP Eligible Expenditures of the Program EFA Education for All EGMA Early Grade Mathematics Assessment EMIS Education Management Information System EMP Environmental Management Plan ESCP Environmental and Social Commitment Plan ESMF Environment and Social Management System ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plans FM Financial Management FMR Financial Management Report", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Household Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households, making it a dataset used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows '2018 round of the Household Survey'", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "enumerated in a list that includes clear data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Survey' is preceded by a temporal reference ('2018 round'), which indicates that it is an instance of a survey that collects data from households in a specific year. It is not presented merely as a project name or tool, but as a methodology for gathering data. Additionally, it appears in a list with other clearly defined terms related to education and management systems. While it could be confused as a project name, the specificity of '2018 round' suggests it is a distinct dataset meant for analysis. Therefore, I interpret it as a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Household Survey' refers to a specific instance of data collection from households, making it a dataset in this context, not just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "Despite relatively high per capita income of US $ 1, 862 in 2015, 30 percent of the population lives in poverty and 21 percent lives in extreme poverty according to the fourth ( 2018 ) round of household survey ( EDAM4 ). The same survey also found that: ( a ) 36 percent of Djibouti \u2019 s population is under 14 years old and 51 percent under 24; ( b ) its human development indicators indicate a life expectancy of 62 years and an infant mortality at birth rate to be 54 / 1, 000; and ( c ) the adult literacy rate is only 53 percent. In terms of employment opportunities, Djibouti \u2019 s national unemployment rate in 2017 stood at 47 percent for people aged 15 and older, and 22 percent for those aged 15-24, with significant variations in unemployment rates across gender, region and age2. And while there exists a slight positive correlation between employment rates and education levels, attaining higher levels of education does not guarantee more opportunities in the labor market. 3.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 213, + 218, + "named" + ], + [ + 178, + 182, + "EDAM4 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 194, + 210, + "EDAM4 <> data type" + ], + [ + 275, + 283, + "EDAM4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 396, + 423, + "EDAM4 <> data description" + ], + [ + 431, + 461, + "EDAM4 <> data description" + ], + [ + 495, + 533, + "EDAM4 <> data description" + ], + [ + 573, + 581, + "EDAM4 <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Despite relatively high per capita income of US $ 1, 862 in 2015, 30 percent of the population lives in poverty and 21 percent lives in extreme poverty according to the fourth ( 2018 ) round of household survey ( EDAM4 ). The same survey also found that: ( a ) 36 percent of Djibouti \u2019 s population is under 14 years old and 51 percent under 24; ( b ) its human development indicators indicate a life expectancy of 62 years and an infant mortality at birth rate to be 54 / 1, 000; and ( c ) the adult literacy rate is only 53 percent.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "EDAM4 refers to a household survey that collects structured data on various socio-economic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to' which indicates results from a survey", + "described as a round of household survey", + "contains records about socio-economic indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EDAM4' is mentioned in conjunction with a household survey. The phrasing 'according to the fourth (2018) round of household survey (EDAM4)' indicates that this is not just a title or a project name; it is specifically informing us about a dataset generated from a survey that collects structured data related to various socio-economic indicators. The specific nature of the data indicated (e.g., poverty rates, demographic statistics) further solidifies EDAM4 as more than just a project or system; it is the source of data being discussed. That said, one might initially confuse it as a project name due to its alphanumeric designation, but the context\u2014specifically mentioning it as a 'survey'\u2014clarifies that it is indeed functioning as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EDAM4' is indeed treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a structured household survey that provides specific socio-economic data, as indicated by the phrasing that connects it to survey results." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Data from a survey on the schooling of refugee children conducted by MENFOP \u2019 s planning department, the OOSC 2019 and the EDAM4 provide some information on the differential experiences of refugee and host students. The most commonly cited reason by refugees for not attending school is the need to help the family ( 36 percent females; 21 percent males ), while among host communities, the most common reason was the lack of interest in school ( 39 percent females; 36 percent males ). Around 20 percent of host communities indicated that girls having to stay home as a reason for not attending school, compared to 14 percent of refugee respondents. Although food insecurity is common among both refugee households and rural host communities, the lack of school canteens is cited more frequently by refugees as a reason for non - school attendance. Data on the prevalence of disability among refugee and host community children is unavailable; however, 1 percent of host community respondents and 1. 4 percent of refugee respondents cite disability as a reason for not attending school. 16. Focus group discussions with various stakeholder groups ( school administrators, teachers, parents, and students ) in Ali-Addeh, Holl-Holl, and Markazi confirm the quantitative indicators and provide additional information on refugee school needs, which include school canteens, school kits, improving the school environment, and accelerating implementation of the national program ( which would allow certification to access to higher levels of education ), and increased teacher support. A study underway by the World Bank 5 One school in Djibouti Ville was observed to have an average class size of 1: 44", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 105, + 114, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data from a survey on the schooling of refugee children conducted by MENFOP \u2019 s planning department, the OOSC 2019 and the EDAM4 provide some information on the differential experiences of refugee and host students. The most commonly cited reason by refugees for not attending school is the need to help the family ( 36 percent females; 21 percent males ), while among host communities, the most common reason was the lack of interest in school ( 39 percent females; 36 percent males ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "OOSC 2019 refers to a survey dataset that provides structured data on the schooling of refugee children.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside the EDAM4", + "appearing in the context of a survey", + "implies it is a project rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'OOSC 2019' is embedded within a phrase discussing a survey conducted by MENFOP's planning department. The way it is presented suggests that it could be the title or name of the survey itself rather than a concrete dataset. Although it follows the phrase 'uses data from' in a general sense, it does not explicitly clarify that OOSC 2019 is the source of structured records; instead, it appears more as a project or initiative title rather than a standalone dataset. This is compounded by the fact that it is grouped with 'EDAM4,' which implies a similar status for both entities, leaning towards them being projects/programs rather than datasets. The model could have been confused by its capitalization and the phrasing around it that superficially mimics the appearance of a dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'OOSC 2019' does not behave like a true dataset since it references a project or survey rather than a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 15, + "text": "Data from a survey on the schooling of refugee children conducted by MENFOP \u2019 s planning department, the OOSC 2019 and the EDAM4 provide some information on the differential experiences of refugee and host students. The most commonly cited reason by refugees for not attending school is the need to help the family ( 36 percent females; 21 percent males ), while among host communities, the most common reason was the lack of interest in school ( 39 percent females; 36 percent males ). Around 20 percent of host communities indicated that girls having to stay home as a reason for not attending school, compared to 14 percent of refugee respondents. Although food insecurity is common among both refugee households and rural host communities, the lack of school canteens is cited more frequently by refugees as a reason for non - school attendance. Data on the prevalence of disability among refugee and host community children is unavailable; however, 1 percent of host community respondents and 1. 4 percent of refugee respondents cite disability as a reason for not attending school. 16. Focus group discussions with various stakeholder groups ( school administrators, teachers, parents, and students ) in Ali-Addeh, Holl-Holl, and Markazi confirm the quantitative indicators and provide additional information on refugee school needs, which include school canteens, school kits, improving the school environment, and accelerating implementation of the national program ( which would allow certification to access to higher levels of education ), and increased teacher support. A study underway by the World Bank 5 One school in Djibouti Ville was observed to have an average class size of 1: 44", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 123, + 128, + "named" + ], + [ + 12, + 55, + "EDAM4 <> data type" + ], + [ + 69, + 75, + "EDAM4 <> author" + ], + [ + 105, + 114, + "EDAM4 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 748, + 771, + "EDAM4 <> data description" + ], + [ + 1210, + 1219, + "EDAM4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1236, + 1243, + "EDAM4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1606, + 1616, + "EDAM4 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1633, + 1647, + "EDAM4 <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data from a survey on the schooling of refugee children conducted by MENFOP \u2019 s planning department, the OOSC 2019 and the EDAM4 provide some information on the differential experiences of refugee and host students. The most commonly cited reason by refugees for not attending school is the need to help the family ( 36 percent females; 21 percent males ), while among host communities, the most common reason was the lack of interest in school ( 39 percent females; 36 percent males ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "EDAM4 refers to a survey that collects structured data on the schooling of refugee children, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a discussion on survey results", + "not explicitly identified as a dataset", + "may refer to a project or survey effort", + "mentioned alongside other surveys" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'EDAM4' is not explicitly framed as a dataset but rather as part of the results from a survey discussed in the same sentence. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' indicates that it may refer to a project or survey itself rather than being a concrete dataset. As a result, while it likely holds structured data derived from surveys, it does not function purely as a dataset in this instance. The model may have been confused due to the name's capitalization, which mimics classifications of datasets, and its close association with survey results. Nonetheless, the lack of explicit data sourcing language reduces its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EDAM4 appears to refer to a project or survey rather than a concrete dataset in this context, as it is mentioned alongside survey discussions without clear indication of it being a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 16, + "text": "Data vary for numbers of out of school children: while the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) Institute for Statistics ( UIS ) puts the number at 41, 062 ( 2018 ), and Djibouti \u2019 s national statistical institute ( DISED ) puts it at 32, 750, the latest EDAM4 household survey suggests that approximately 20, 880 children from 6-14 years old are out of school, which represents 19 percent nationally ( though this figure is greater than 30 percent in four regions ). These regional disparities suggest that there may be some correlation between access to services and the percentage of children out of the school system. According to the survey, the main reasons cited by parents for not schooling their children are \u2018 lack of interest \u2019, age ( \u2018 children are too young \u2019 ), opportunity costs ( \u2018 children need to work \u2019 ), access, quality of education and lack of necessary documentation ( birth certificates, etc. ). 20. MENFOP has outlined three priority actions to improve access: reduce class size, eliminate double shifting, and achieve universal primary education. Targets are given in the PAE 2017-20 for the number of new classes needed by year but often the resources allocated in the national budget are not adequate. School expansion plans are usually for the immediate short term and become possible only when funding is identified. Longer term planning that can provide various hypothetical planning scenarios ( depending on MENFOP \u2019 s choice of priority or priorities to be addressed ), is not available. The procedure for selecting sites depends on location: in the capital city and especially in high density areas like Balbala ( a peri-urban neighborhood bordering Djibouti Ville ), MENFOP works with the Ministry of Habitat to select sites, while in", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 294, + 316, + "named" + ], + [ + 197, + 201, + "EDAM4 household survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 209, + 217, + "EDAM4 household survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1677, + 1684, + "EDAM4 household survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1723, + 1737, + "EDAM4 household survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data vary for numbers of out of school children: while the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) Institute for Statistics ( UIS ) puts the number at 41, 062 ( 2018 ), and Djibouti \u2019 s national statistical institute ( DISED ) puts it at 32, 750, the latest EDAM4 household survey suggests that approximately 20, 880 children from 6-14 years old are out of school, which represents 19 percent nationally ( though this figure is greater than 30 percent in four regions ). These regional disparities suggest that there may be some correlation between access to services and the percentage of children out of the school system.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "The EDAM4 household survey is a structured collection of data regarding the number of out of school children, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018suggests that\u2019 indicating it provides data", + "specific numbers are provided from the survey regarding children out of school", + "deals with a statistical analysis of national educational disparities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'EDAM4 household survey' is explicitly providing quantitative data on the number of out-of-school children, which shows it functions as a dataset. The phrase 'suggests that' further points to its use as a data source in the analysis of educational statistics. While it could potentially be viewed as part of a broader project or program, the way it is referenced aligns more closely with that of a dataset used to inform insights about national educational issues. There are indications that can lead to confusion, such as its structured naming (which could suggest a management information system or project), but the clear linkage with statistical data usage outweighs this consideration.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'EDAM4 household survey' should be considered a dataset in this context because it is used to provide specific quantitative data for analysis regarding educational statistics, which aligns with the usage and function of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 17, + "text": "The overall lower secondary level repetition rates are higher for male students than female students. Drop-out rates rose sharply from 3. 7 percent to 7 percent between 2013 and 2015 and are higher for female students. In terms of learning outcomes, the 2018 Early Grade Mathematics Assessment ( EGMA ) test results showed that on average, grade two students were only able to solve 1 out of 6 mathematics problems, and almost 60 percent had zero scores. Although they represent slight improvements over the 2017 EGMA scores, weak performance in mathematics remains a major concern. 23. Assessment systems are not fully utilized for learning and policy decision-making and need to be redesigned to capture student performance against learning standards. Fifth grade OTI results are managed at the national level while the second-grade results are managed at the school level. Currently, only basic analysis is conducted for the fifth grade OTI and BEF exam results. Strengthened MENFOP capacity to analyze and use assessment data would optimize the feedback systems to inform teaching practices. 24. A process of curriculum modernization has begun. The existing curriculum was introduced in 2011, and a revision is currently underway. The revision aims to make appropriate adjustments, additions and improvements to introduce innovative pedagogical practices, focus on mathematics, languages and science, integrate Information, Communication and Technology ( ICT ) into curricula, and develop digital and 21st century skills. Revisions have started, and work related to materials development, trialing and production will begin in September 2019.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 259, + 293, + "named" + ], + [ + 254, + 258, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> publication year" + ], + [ + 296, + 300, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 340, + 358, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 979, + 985, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1191, + 1195, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1641, + 1645, + "Early Grade Mathematics Assessment <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 percent to 7 percent between 2013 and 2015 and are higher for female students. In terms of learning outcomes, the 2018 Early Grade Mathematics Assessment ( EGMA ) test results showed that on average, grade two students were only able to solve 1 out of 6 mathematics problems, and almost 60 percent had zero scores. Although they represent slight improvements over the 2017 EGMA scores, weak performance in mathematics remains a major concern.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The Early Grade Mathematics Assessment refers to a structured collection of data used to evaluate student performance in mathematics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a test assessing student performance", + "described with results indicating mathematical problem-solving", + "improvements compared to previous assessment scores" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Early Grade Mathematics Assessment' is referenced in relation to actual testing results. The text describes how it provides quantitative outcomes based on student performances, which directly implies that it serves as a structured dataset concerning educational assessments. The phrase \u2018test results\u2019 solidifies its role as a dataset capturing specific measures of academic performance. While there could be confusion because 'Assessment' might suggest a project name or an evaluation tool, it acts more like a formal instrument that generates measurable data, which leans toward the interpretation of it being a dataset. The scoring and results mentioned are indicative of collected and analyzed data, thus reinforcing the idea that it is an actual dataset rather than just a system or platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Early Grade Mathematics Assessment is treated as a dataset here because it is directly described as yielding scores and academic outcomes, indicating it contains structured data regarding student performance." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 13 of 85 25. The vision of MENFOP \u2019 s ICT strategy is to enhance the quality of teaching and learning and to significantly improve students \u2019 performance. As part of the ICT strategy, GoD \u2019 s president initiated the \" One Child, One Tablet \" project which aims to generalize the use of tablets in classrooms starting in first grade. At this stage, coverage has reached grades one, two, three and four. Free applications, programs by subject matter and interactive content have been developed and come with the tablets. A teacher training module on the usage of tablets has also been developed. Furthermore, while ICT education will only be introduced into basic education with the curriculum revisions that are currently underway, MENFOP has already incorporated the study of ICT into the high school curriculum starting in 2013. It also introduced the use of \u201c smart classrooms \u201d, which are now present in 10 high schools and in the largest technical high school; and a training module has been developed for teachers on their use. In terms of internet connectivity, schools in Djibouti Ville are connected through ADSL while the regions use Wimax, a system that piggybacks on existing telephone coverage thereby making it suitable for remote communities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1220, + 1225, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It also introduced the use of \u201c smart classrooms \u201d, which are now present in 10 high schools and in the largest technical high school; and a training module has been developed for teachers on their use. In terms of internet connectivity, schools in Djibouti Ville are connected through ADSL while the regions use Wimax, a system that piggybacks on existing telephone coverage thereby making it suitable for remote communities.", + "type": "technology", + "explanation": "Wimax refers to a technology for wireless communication, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for internet connectivity", + "mentioned in the context of remote community infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular instance, 'Wimax' is used to refer to a wireless communication technology/system rather than a distinct dataset. The context indicates that it is part of the infrastructure to provide internet connectivity to schools. While it is mentioned in a broader discussion about technology usage in education, the focus on connectivity implies it serves as a mechanism for data transmission rather than a structured collection of data itself. This may lead a model to mistakenly identify it as a dataset due to its technical terms and being embedded in a technical discussion, especially if the model recognizes it as a well-known term associated with data transmission. However, it does not constitute a dataset, as it does not represent an organized collection of records, statistics, or indicators, but rather a means of connectivity. A model might confuse technical terms with data source status due to their specificity and capitalization.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Wimax' refers to a wireless system for connectivity and is not a structured dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 14 of 85 on improving school climate. A number of school leaders have also had experience in developing school improvement plans and managing school grants. These efforts have been fragmented and the impact of these interventions on improving school performance is unclear. 28. Data collection tools are slow, not always reliable and need improvement. Even though school directors collect data digitally through the OPAD application ( outil de pilotage d \u2019 aide \u00e0 la decision - decision support tool ), the MENFOP statistics office still has to manually enter this data into its system because of data system incompatibility to ensure the accuracy of the information provided. As a result, the statistical yearbook is published with an average delay of seven months. The planning committee uses the ED-ASSIST software to automatically generate the school statistics report. This tool does not currently include features such as multi-year databases and the geographic information system. Without reliable and timely data, MENFOP \u2019 s has limited ability to utilize data for decision-making and resource allocation. 29. Education budget allocations are mostly used to cover recurrent salary expenditures, crowding out capital expenditures on infrastructure, professional development and education innovation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 493, + 497, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data collection tools are slow, not always reliable and need improvement. Even though school directors collect data digitally through the OPAD application ( outil de pilotage d \u2019 aide \u00e0 la decision - decision support tool ), the MENFOP statistics office still has to manually enter this data into its system because of data system incompatibility to ensure the accuracy of the information provided. As a result, the statistical yearbook is published with an average delay of seven months.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "OPAD is described as a decision support tool for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a decision support tool", + "mentioned as an application for data collection", + "data has to be manually entered due to system incompatibility" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, OPAD is explicitly described as a tool (specifically a decision support tool) intended for data collection rather than being a dataset itself. The mention of its functionality focuses on its role in facilitating data collection, but it does not imply that it is providing a coherent, structured dataset directly. The phrase 'data collection tools are slow, not always reliable and need improvement' indicates that OPAD is part of an ongoing process rather than a static dataset. The data collected via OPAD is still subject to manual entry into another system due to compatibility issues, which further suggests that OPAD functions more as an instrument in the data pipeline rather than a standalone dataset. This clarification should help delineate the difference between a system and a dataset more clearly. A model might be confused by the terminology, as 'OPAD' is capitalized and is described in a way that associates it with data usage, which could lead to the assumption that it should be treated as a structured dataset in isolation. However, the context emphasizes its role as a collection tool rather than a direct data repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OPAD is not treated as a dataset in this context as it is characterized as a decision support tool for data collection rather than a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 14 of 85 on improving school climate. A number of school leaders have also had experience in developing school improvement plans and managing school grants. These efforts have been fragmented and the impact of these interventions on improving school performance is unclear. 28. Data collection tools are slow, not always reliable and need improvement. Even though school directors collect data digitally through the OPAD application ( outil de pilotage d \u2019 aide \u00e0 la decision - decision support tool ), the MENFOP statistics office still has to manually enter this data into its system because of data system incompatibility to ensure the accuracy of the information provided. As a result, the statistical yearbook is published with an average delay of seven months. The planning committee uses the ED-ASSIST software to automatically generate the school statistics report. This tool does not currently include features such as multi-year databases and the geographic information system. Without reliable and timely data, MENFOP \u2019 s has limited ability to utilize data for decision-making and resource allocation. 29. Education budget allocations are mostly used to cover recurrent salary expenditures, crowding out capital expenditures on infrastructure, professional development and education innovation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 876, + 894, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "As a result, the statistical yearbook is published with an average delay of seven months. The planning committee uses the ED-ASSIST software to automatically generate the school statistics report. This tool does not currently include features such as multi-year databases and the geographic information system.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "ED-ASSIST is a software tool used for generating school statistics reports, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as software, not data", + "described as a tool for generating reports", + "does not refer to a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ED-ASSIST software' is explicitly identified as a tool used to generate reports, rather than a structured collection of data itself. It operates as an interface or a system that processes information, but the text does not indicate that it is a source of raw or organized data which would characterize it as a dataset. The mention of multi-year databases and geographic information systems implies that ED-ASSIST lacks those features to compile datasets, further reinforcing that it should be viewed as a software application rather than a dataset. The model may have recognized 'ED-ASSIST software' as capitalized and potentially named similar to datasets and misunderstood its role due to the phrase 'uses,' which indicates a tool rather than a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ED-ASSIST software' is not a dataset but a tool for generating reports, thus it is not treated as a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 32, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 27 of 85 Learning assessments do not inform classroom practice or policymaking Improving measurement of learning and use of results Technology for better capture of learning results Improved learning assessments are revised and administered Teacher practices do not effectively support learning for all School-based and continuous professional development for teachers Technology for providing continuous professional development to teachers Improved teaching practices Outdated teaching and learning resources Improving teacher and learning resources in math, science, and technology Digital learning resources School leaders unprepared for leadership roles Capacity building for better school management and the establishment of professional communities of practice Technology to share best practices and portals setup to access resources Improved school leadership Weak organization and management of education sector data Modernizing EMIS Technology for data collection and use Sector data, including student identification and human resource data, is better managed and utilized F. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 69. The rationale for public sector provisioning / financing is strongly justified in Djibouti, particularly in disadvantaged areas. The public sector remains the sole source of education provision in most areas of the country, except in Djibouti Ville where there is some private sector presence. The economic and social returns to public investment in basic education are well established.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1015, + 1019, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 981, + 1002, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1059, + 1070, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1082, + 1128, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1302, + 1310, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 27 of 85 Learning assessments do not inform classroom practice or policymaking Improving measurement of learning and use of results Technology for better capture of learning results Improved learning assessments are revised and administered Teacher practices do not effectively support learning for all School-based and continuous professional development for teachers Technology for providing continuous professional development to teachers Improved teaching practices Outdated teaching and learning resources Improving teacher and learning resources in math, science, and technology Digital learning resources School leaders unprepared for leadership roles Capacity building for better school management and the establishment of professional communities of practice Technology to share best practices and portals setup to access resources Improved school leadership Weak organization and management of education sector data Modernizing EMIS Technology for data collection and use Sector data, including student identification and human resource data, is better managed and utilized F. Rationale for Bank Involvement and Role of Partners 69.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, which is used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in the context of modernizing data management", + "emphasized as a tool for data collection and use" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' (Education Management Information System) is explicitly described as a technology for modernizing and managing education sector data. It functions as a management information system (MIS) aimed at improving data collection and utilization. The phrasing indicates that it operates as an infrastructure or tool that facilitates the handling of data rather than a standalone dataset. It follows concepts related to management practices, indicating its role in improving processes rather than presenting itself as a concrete collection of records that would classify as a dataset. This could lead a model to mistakenly identify it as a dataset due to its structured nature and the context of data utilization, but since it does not fulfill the criteria of being an isolated dataset, the classification should be adjusted to reflect its true nature as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS refers to a management information system, not a dataset, as it focuses on the organization and management of data rather than being a distinct collection or repository of data." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "WFP works to complement MENFOP \u2019 s school canteen program. UNHCR coordinates on the educational needs of refugees. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency currently sends experts in mathematics instruction and school management committees. The French Development Agency, also active in the sector, works in TVET and Higher Education. Finally, the EAA Foundation is collaborating with the World Bank on their Educate A Child program for out of school children. They are contributing US $ 3. 8 million with results-based funding aimed at helping the GoD enroll OOSC in the project. G. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 72. The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers. 73. The following table highlights lessons from the two previous projects, PAEQ ( P145323 ) and ACIGEF ( P123315 ), that will be incorporated into the new Project. Table 3: Lessons learned from previous IDA-financed projects in education Lessons Mitigation Measures in this Project When developing a sub-sector in which there has been limited activity, like preschool, it is important to consider whether the legislative and regulatory framework is in place and is needed as a first step In the pre-primary sub-sector, the policy and quality framework will be developed first by incentivizing MENFOP to invest in the creation of an enabling environment through a DLI.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 936, + 965, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ).", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The Systematic Country Diagnostic is a report that provides analytical insights and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a diagnostic report" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Systematic Country Diagnostic' is presented as part of a list of analytical resources informing the project but is clearly a type of report rather than a structured collection of data. The use of 'based on' does imply that it is referenced for its insights, not for raw data, which differentiates it from datasets like the EDAM4 Household Survey mentioned immediately after it. The confusion may arise from its capitalized proper noun presentation and the fact that it is included in the analysis alongside more traditional datasets, leading a model to mistakenly classify it as a dataset. However, the understanding of the term as a report rather than a structured data source clarifies the distinction. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Systematic Country Diagnostic is not treated as a dataset here because it serves as an analytical report rather than a collection of structured data records; its mention alongside actual datasets does not imply it is a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "WFP works to complement MENFOP \u2019 s school canteen program. UNHCR coordinates on the educational needs of refugees. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency currently sends experts in mathematics instruction and school management committees. The French Development Agency, also active in the sector, works in TVET and Higher Education. Finally, the EAA Foundation is collaborating with the World Bank on their Educate A Child program for out of school children. They are contributing US $ 3. 8 million with results-based funding aimed at helping the GoD enroll OOSC in the project. G. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 72. The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers. 73. The following table highlights lessons from the two previous projects, PAEQ ( P145323 ) and ACIGEF ( P123315 ), that will be incorporated into the new Project. Table 3: Lessons learned from previous IDA-financed projects in education Lessons Mitigation Measures in this Project When developing a sub-sector in which there has been limited activity, like preschool, it is important to consider whether the legislative and regulatory framework is in place and is needed as a first step In the pre-primary sub-sector, the policy and quality framework will be developed first by incentivizing MENFOP to invest in the creation of an enabling environment through a DLI.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 986, + 1008, + "named" + ], + [ + 394, + 404, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 816, + 826, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 899, + 907, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 968, + 972, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1011, + 1015, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1129, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1178, + 1182, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1376, + 1380, + "EDAM4 Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ).", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "The EDAM4 Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research or analysis related to household conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described with a clear year indicating data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EDAM4 Household Survey' is explicitly mentioned as part of a list with other clearly identifiable data sources, such as the Systematic Country Diagnostic and support to MENFOP. The phrase 'is based on' preceding it indicates that it is a source of the analysis and not merely a project name. The inclusion of the year (2018) reinforces the notion that it references actual collected data rather than a management system or project. While the term could be misinterpreted as a system or project due to its structured naming, the context clearly outlines it as an empirical dataset that informs current educational assessments. Therefore, the decision to label it as a dataset is supportable here, as it meets the criteria of being a structured collection of data utilized in research and policy formation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'EDAM4 Household Survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it serves as a documented source of structured data used in the analysis, as evidenced by how it is introduced in the sentence." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "WFP works to complement MENFOP \u2019 s school canteen program. UNHCR coordinates on the educational needs of refugees. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency currently sends experts in mathematics instruction and school management committees. The French Development Agency, also active in the sector, works in TVET and Higher Education. Finally, the EAA Foundation is collaborating with the World Bank on their Educate A Child program for out of school children. They are contributing US $ 3. 8 million with results-based funding aimed at helping the GoD enroll OOSC in the project. G. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 72. The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers. 73. The following table highlights lessons from the two previous projects, PAEQ ( P145323 ) and ACIGEF ( P123315 ), that will be incorporated into the new Project. Table 3: Lessons learned from previous IDA-financed projects in education Lessons Mitigation Measures in this Project When developing a sub-sector in which there has been limited activity, like preschool, it is important to consider whether the legislative and regulatory framework is in place and is needed as a first step In the pre-primary sub-sector, the policy and quality framework will be developed first by incentivizing MENFOP to invest in the creation of an enabling environment through a DLI.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1160, + 1175, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 113, + "SABER-ECD study <> reference population" + ], + [ + 394, + 404, + "SABER-ECD study <> publisher" + ], + [ + 816, + 826, + "SABER-ECD study <> publisher" + ], + [ + 899, + 907, + "SABER-ECD study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 968, + 972, + "SABER-ECD study <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1129, + "SABER-ECD study <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1178, + 1182, + "SABER-ECD study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1236, + 1244, + "SABER-ECD study <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1376, + 1380, + "SABER-ECD study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1401, + 1409, + "SABER-ECD study <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The SABER-ECD study is a structured collection of data focused on early childhood development, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a completed study", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source", + "context suggests it is an analysis or research project rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'SABER-ECD study' is framed as a completed research effort that may contain data but is not explicitly identified as a dataset in this excerpt. The use of 'study' indicates that it likely encompasses broader analysis and findings rather than just raw data records. It is not presented following phrases like 'uses data from', which would indicate direct usage as a dataset. Moreover, it appears alongside other studies and surveys that are identified as sources of data, which further suggests that 'SABER-ECD study' is more about analysis rather than a portrayal of a concrete dataset. This can confuse models that might focus on the capitalization and the clarity of the structure and assume it is an explicit dataset based on the phrasing used, but in this context, it functions more as a project or analytical undertaking, not merely a data compilation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SABER-ECD study' is more accurately understood as a research project or analytical study rather than a dataset, as it refers to the findings of an analysis and does not explicitly function as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 33, + "text": "WFP works to complement MENFOP \u2019 s school canteen program. UNHCR coordinates on the educational needs of refugees. The Japanese International Cooperation Agency currently sends experts in mathematics instruction and school management committees. The French Development Agency, also active in the sector, works in TVET and Higher Education. Finally, the EAA Foundation is collaborating with the World Bank on their Educate A Child program for out of school children. They are contributing US $ 3. 8 million with results-based funding aimed at helping the GoD enroll OOSC in the project. G. Lessons Learned and Reflected in the Project Design 72. The proposed project will benefit from the technical and policy dialogue in education conducted with the GoD on an ongoing basis since 2000. It will also benefit from the World Bank \u2019 s strong analytical understanding of contemporary education issues in Djibouti that is based on: ( a ) the Systematic Country Diagnostic ( 2018 ), ( b ) the EDAM4 Household Survey ( 2018 ), and ( c ) the support to MENFOP in their revision of their Education Action Plan for 2017-2020. The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers. 73. The following table highlights lessons from the two previous projects, PAEQ ( P145323 ) and ACIGEF ( P123315 ), that will be incorporated into the new Project. Table 3: Lessons learned from previous IDA-financed projects in education Lessons Mitigation Measures in this Project When developing a sub-sector in which there has been limited activity, like preschool, it is important to consider whether the legislative and regulatory framework is in place and is needed as a first step In the pre-primary sub-sector, the policy and quality framework will be developed first by incentivizing MENFOP to invest in the creation of an enabling environment through a DLI.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1344, + 1373, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 113, + "Out of School Children Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 394, + 404, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 816, + 826, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 899, + 907, + "Out of School Children Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 968, + 972, + "Out of School Children Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1119, + 1129, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1178, + 1182, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1311, + 1327, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1376, + 1380, + "Out of School Children Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1401, + 1409, + "Out of School Children Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank has also recently completed a SABER-ECD study ( 2019 ) and is currently studying the educational needs of refugees ( expected 2019 ). The project will also draw on lessons from the UNICEF-supported revision to the Out of School Children Survey ( 2019 ), which focuses on refugees, girls, and school leavers. 73.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Out of School Children Survey is a structured collection of data focused on identifying and analyzing the educational needs of out-of-school children, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a specific educational study", + "described as a survey focusing on educational needs", + "project draws on lessons from revision to the survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Out of School Children Survey' is explicitly referred to as a survey that focuses on identifying and analyzing educational needs. While projects or systems can often have the same name as datasets, the phrase used indicates that this particular survey likely generates structured data relevant to educational needs. The sentence provides context suggesting this survey is being utilized to inform a broader research project, which implies its role as a data source rather than just a project name. The model might have been confused due to the overlapping nature of project names and dataset functionalities, but in this case, the emphasis on the survey indicates it is a legitimate dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Out of School Children Survey' is appropriately identified as a dataset in this context because it is specifically mentioned as a survey on educational needs, and it contributes direct data to the analytical framework discussed." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 36, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 31 of 85 school leaders ( as well as CPs, inspectors, and ministerial staff ). The CPD would be evaluated not through simple participation in training but by the impact it is having on practice. For teachers, this would be through in-class observations and for school leaders, through evaluations. Other evaluations would be needed for other staff. d. Modernize the EMIS to become a sector-wide platform that manages all education data. For the moment, various sorts of education data exist but are not readily available or useable because of the format in which they are found. Schools use different ICT solutions for their school level data and the Ministry has several different incompatible platforms holding different sorts of data. A unified comprehensive system needs to be developed that allows all data to be managed in one platform. 77. In terms of project implementation arrangements, it would include the following: a. The Ministry has adopted a results-based approach to sector management that deserves to be sustained. All ministerial units now develop annual work plans ( AWP ) that reflect the results outlined in the Education Action Plan 2017-2020. In so doing, activities financed by the project are mainstreamed into their regular duties.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 443, + 447, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "d. Modernize the EMIS to become a sector-wide platform that manages all education data. For the moment, various sorts of education data exist but are not readily available or useable because of the format in which they are found.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing education data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform that manages education data", + "mentioned as an information system rather than a data source", + "context discusses issues with data availability and usability" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly referred to as a platform and system for managing education data, rather than a direct source of data itself. The term is closely tied to the infrastructure that handles or organizes the data, highlighting the issues of format and usability rather than presenting it as a raw dataset or collection of records. The model may have been confused because 'EMIS' is capitalized and appears formal, leading to a misinterpretation as a potential dataset. However, the surrounding text stresses its role as a management system rather than a concrete dataset, which is pivotal in making this distinction. Thus, it does not satisfy the conditions for being classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' refers to a management information system rather than a concrete dataset, and is thus classified as not being a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 37, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 32 of 85 80. A project Steering Committee will be established to provide overall strategic direction to project implementation and oversight in the context of the overall sector reform program. The steering committee will coordinate and review implementation progress. The Secretary General will chair committee meetings which will include all concerned directorates. 81. Achievement of DLIs will be verified by an independent verification agent with terms of reference acceptable to the World Bank. Some DLIs will be verified by the World Bank, as indicated in the verification protocol. The verification protocol will be set forth, in detail, in the Project Operation Manual ( POM ). A POM will be prepared to guide project implementation, which will be a condition for effectiveness and include a financial management and accounting chapter. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation Arrangements 82. Monitoring and evaluation is an integral part of the design of a project that includes results-based financing, such as this project. M & E will focus on inputs, processes, intermediate and final outcomes, as detailed in the results framework ( RF ) and the DLIs ( see section VII ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 729, + 753, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Some DLIs will be verified by the World Bank, as indicated in the verification protocol. The verification protocol will be set forth, in detail, in the Project Operation Manual ( POM ). A POM will be prepared to guide project implementation, which will be a condition for effectiveness and include a financial management and accounting chapter.", + "type": "manual", + "explanation": "The Project Operation Manual is a document that guides project implementation and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a document guiding project implementation", + "not described as containing data", + "not referenced as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Project Operation Manual' (POM) is clearly identified as a guiding document rather than a dataset. The text emphasizes its role in project implementation and how it will include financial management and accounting chapters, which indicates its purpose as a procedural guide rather than a source of structured data. The fact that it does not contain records, statistics, or indicators further reinforces that it does not function as a dataset. The potential confusion for a model might arise from it being capitalized and possibly resembling a project or system name which attributes importance. However, without explicit indicators that it serves as a data source, it is categorized as a document, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Project Operation Manual does not represent a dataset in this context; it is a guiding document for project implementation rather than a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 37, + "text": "There will be two main M & E tasks that MENFOP must ensure: ( a ) data collection and analysis, and reporting related to the RF; and ( b ) management of the third-party entity that is responsible to verify select DLRs. To fulfil this, the director responsible for M & E within MENFOP will need to develop the M & E system and protocols that will be outlined in the operations manual. The M & E system will detail the roles and responsibilities for data collection and data access to ensure timely and regular reporting, including any clearances or approvals required to conduct surveys or field visits. The project will systematically use data to assess whether project implementation is on track and whether modifications are needed. Under component 4, two sub-components will help this: the modernization of the EMIS and the development of a student-identification number for all children on Djiboutian soil ( which will improve tracking of student enrollment ). 83. The PAE was revised from 2017-2019 to 2020, so that the first targets in the project align with those of the sector. As the project begins, the MENFOP will also be developing the new Education Sector Plan for 2020 - 2035 which will further extend those results. C. Sustainability 84. The proposed project aims to transform the sector by focusing on the key elements for education quality.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 814, + 818, + "named" + ], + [ + 40, + 46, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 277, + 283, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 844, + 873, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 882, + 890, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 894, + 904, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 994, + 1003, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1007, + 1011, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will systematically use data to assess whether project implementation is on track and whether modifications are needed. Under component 4, two sub-components will help this: the modernization of the EMIS and the development of a student-identification number for all children on Djiboutian soil ( which will improve tracking of student enrollment ). 83.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured database used for managing and analyzing educational data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project component", + "referred to as modernization of the EMIS", + "not explicitly described as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for 'Education Management Information System,' which is typically an information system designed to collect, manage, and analyze data related to education. While it encompasses data, it is referred to as a project component aimed at modernization rather than being presented as a concrete dataset used in the analysis. The usage of 'modernization of the EMIS' signals that it is viewed as part of an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset. The text does not provide clear indicators that categorize 'EMIS' as a dataset, such as specific statistics, metrics, or records being pulled from it. Instead, it comes off as an initiative for improving the system's data management capabilities. A model might have been thrown off by the capitalization or the potential for 'EMIS' to be used in contexts resembling a dataset, especially if it appeared alongside other data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not considered a dataset in this case because it is described as a project component focused on modernization, lacking explicit reference as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 50, + "text": "least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 1-2 ( Djibouti Ville ) transmit their data via the application on time At least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 3-4 ( Balbala ) transmit their data via the application on time 60 % of primary schools in the regions and in the refugee villages transmit their data via the application on time 70 % of public and 50 % of private primary schools transmit their data via the application on time Modernization of the EMIS ( Text ) No Evaluation report of existing data systems and recommendations for strengthening EMIS performance Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 563, + 567, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 1-2 ( Djibouti Ville ) transmit their data via the application on time At least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 3-4 ( Balbala ) transmit their data via the application on time 60 % of primary schools in the regions and in the refugee villages transmit their data via the application on time 70 % of public and 50 % of private primary schools transmit their data via the application on time Modernization of the EMIS ( Text ) No Evaluation report of existing data systems and recommendations for strengthening EMIS performance Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a framework or system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system rather than a data source", + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset", + "refers to modernization and strengthening of a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' stands for Education Management Information System, indicating a framework or structure for managing educational data rather than being a concrete dataset. The term is not introduced as a source of structured data records but rather as a management system\u2014which implies it handles data without designating visibility of this data as a separate entity or dataset. The phrases surrounding 'EMIS' do not indicate it is being utilized as a dataset; instead, they focus on the system's modernization and improvement. A model might confuse 'EMIS' as a dataset due to its capitalization and potential appearance next to discussions of data transmission from schools, but it is clear from the context that EMIS functions as the operating system or framework facilitating data management rather than serving as an independent dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that handles educational data rather than a dataset. The wording indicates that it is a system focused on modernization and improving performance, devoid of any specific structured data mention that would classify it as a separate dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 50, + "text": "least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 1-2 ( Djibouti Ville ) transmit their data via the application on time At least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 3-4 ( Balbala ) transmit their data via the application on time 60 % of primary schools in the regions and in the refugee villages transmit their data via the application on time 70 % of public and 50 % of private primary schools transmit their data via the application on time Modernization of the EMIS ( Text ) No Evaluation report of existing data systems and recommendations for strengthening EMIS performance Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 661, + 665, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 1-2 ( Djibouti Ville ) transmit their data via the application on time At least 80 % of public primary schools and at least 50 % of private primary schools in districts 3-4 ( Balbala ) transmit their data via the application on time 60 % of primary schools in the regions and in the refugee villages transmit their data via the application on time 70 % of public and 50 % of private primary schools transmit their data via the application on time Modernization of the EMIS ( Text ) No Evaluation report of existing data systems and recommendations for strengthening EMIS performance Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed Student information system is developed", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a framework or system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "not enumerated with known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly referred to as an Education Management Information System, indicating that it serves as a framework or system used for managing educational data rather than as a distinct dataset. The text focuses on aspects such as the modernization of this information system and the evaluation of its performance, with no indication that it is a concrete dataset being utilized for analysis. The model may have confused it as a dataset because 'EMIS' is capitalized and has a formal name structure, leading to potential misinterpretation as a data source. There are also mentions of data transmission, but those references point towards the system\u2019s operational capability rather than the content of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS in this context functions as a system for managing educational data rather than a dataset, and thus should not be classified as such." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 46 of 85 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection PDO # 1: Additional primary school-level OOSC enrolled, disaggregated by gender and vulnerable populations ( girls, refugees, rural students, and special needs students ) MENFOP will monitor the number of newly enrolled, formerly out of school children ( OOSC ). To do this, each student must have a unique identifier which, in the EMIS, includes descriptors to indicate gender, grade, and geographic location ( urban / rural ), and status ( refugee ). Once OOSC return to a structured learning environment, they are monitored in the following cycle. MENFOP is expected to report on: \u2022 number of previously OOSC enrolled who remain in the primary education program from one year to the next; \u2022 number of Annually MENFOP Calculated based on the preceding annual statistical tables Director of Planning and Statistics", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 621, + 625, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 46 of 85 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection PDO # 1: Additional primary school-level OOSC enrolled, disaggregated by gender and vulnerable populations ( girls, refugees, rural students, and special needs students ) MENFOP will monitor the number of newly enrolled, formerly out of school children ( OOSC ). To do this, each student must have a unique identifier which, in the EMIS, includes descriptors to indicate gender, grade, and geographic location ( urban / rural ), and status ( refugee ). Once OOSC return to a structured learning environment, they are monitored in the following cycle.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured collection of data used to monitor and evaluate educational statistics, including enrollment and demographic information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information management system", + "mentions unique identifiers for student data", + "not presented as a standalone dataset but as part of a monitoring process" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is referenced as an information management system that supports monitoring and evaluation by handling student enrollment data and demographic descriptors. It is described in relation to maintaining unique identifiers connected to various demographic data points. The use of EMIS here is more about its role as an infrastructure that facilitates data collection rather than presenting it as a specific dataset used for analysis. Although it appears to have structured data, it does not explicitly state that the analysis uses EMIS directly as a dataset, which would be necessary for it to be classified as such. The potential confusion arises because EMIS may look like it could function as a dataset due to its structured nature, but the way it is used in this text clearly aligns more with a system that aggregates and manages data rather than being a direct data source itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, EMIS is not a dataset but rather a management information system that stores and organizes educational data for monitoring purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 55 of 85 updated COT will incorporate the revised professional development programs and the use of ICT for learning. Percentage of school directors who participate in professional community of practice School directors will create professional communities of practice to exchange good practice, observe, and give feedback to improve school quality. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP General inspection within MENFOP Improved methods for data collection MENFOP will develop a digital application to improve data quality for private and public primary schools and ensure the timely publication of the statistical yearbook. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP ICT unit within MENFOP Modernization of the EMIS MENFOP will perform a diagnosis on the existing data platforms ( EMIS, Human Resource Management ) and will work on recommendations for the setup of a student \u2019 s information systems and an electronic procurement system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 778, + 782, + "named" + ], + [ + 435, + 441, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 454, + 460, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 487, + 493, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 531, + 537, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 601, + 635, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 727, + 733, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 750, + 756, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 783, + 789, + "EMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP General inspection within MENFOP Improved methods for data collection MENFOP will develop a digital application to improve data quality for private and public primary schools and ensure the timely publication of the statistical yearbook. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP ICT unit within MENFOP Modernization of the EMIS MENFOP will perform a diagnosis on the existing data platforms ( EMIS, Human Resource Management ) and will work on recommendations for the setup of a student \u2019 s information systems and an electronic procurement system.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a modernization effort for data platforms", + "identified alongside other systems, implying it contributes to overall infrastructure", + "not referred to directly as a dataset, but as part of a broader effort to improve systems", + "context suggests it is an information system rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is discussed in relation to the modernization of data platforms and improvements in data collection methods within MENFOP. While it is associated with data related to education management, it is positioned more as an information system that plays a role in collecting and managing data rather than being explicitly described as a dataset. The mention of EMIS alongside Human Resource Management suggests a broader infrastructure rather than a dedicated dataset. The model may have erroneously identified EMIS as a dataset due to the structured nature of the information it collects and the context of data management. However, the lack of specificity indicating it as a standalone dataset influences the classification here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' functions as part of an information system aimed at improving data management rather than being identified as an individual dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 55 of 85 updated COT will incorporate the revised professional development programs and the use of ICT for learning. Percentage of school directors who participate in professional community of practice School directors will create professional communities of practice to exchange good practice, observe, and give feedback to improve school quality. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP General inspection within MENFOP Improved methods for data collection MENFOP will develop a digital application to improve data quality for private and public primary schools and ensure the timely publication of the statistical yearbook. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP ICT unit within MENFOP Modernization of the EMIS MENFOP will perform a diagnosis on the existing data platforms ( EMIS, Human Resource Management ) and will work on recommendations for the setup of a student \u2019 s information systems and an electronic procurement system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 848, + 852, + "named" + ], + [ + 435, + 441, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 454, + 460, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 487, + 493, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 531, + 537, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 601, + 635, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 727, + 733, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 750, + 756, + "EMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 783, + 789, + "EMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP General inspection within MENFOP Improved methods for data collection MENFOP will develop a digital application to improve data quality for private and public primary schools and ensure the timely publication of the statistical yearbook. Annually MENFOP Reported by MENFOP ICT unit within MENFOP Modernization of the EMIS MENFOP will perform a diagnosis on the existing data platforms ( EMIS, Human Resource Management ) and will work on recommendations for the setup of a student \u2019 s information systems and an electronic procurement system.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to modernization of the existing data platforms", + "referred to as part of a system alongside Human Resource Management", + "not explicitly described as a dataset but rather as a component of educational management infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' seems to refer to a management information system rather than a dataset in and of itself. The text describes EMIS in relation to modernization efforts and existing platforms, which indicates it serves more as a system for managing data rather than a standalone dataset containing data used for analysis. Although it might be utilized to store structured education management data, it functions primarily as an infrastructure that enables data handling, collection, and reporting processes. The confusion may arise because 'EMIS' is structured like a dataset in terms of the data it manages; however, it is explicitly framed in relation to system improvement rather than being identified as an independent data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as part of a management information system aimed at improving data handling within educational contexts." + }, + { + "filename": "071_Djibouti-Expanding-Opportunities-for-Learning-Project", + "page": 89, + "text": "The World Bank Expanding Opportunities for Learning Project ( P166059 ) Page 84 of 85 Indicator: DLR 4. 3: Increase in gender parity index for gross enrollment in lower secondary education Allocation Formula: For every 0. 02 increase from the 0. 82 baseline, US $ 250, 000 will be disbursed up to a maximum of US $ 1 million, with a minimum threshold of US $ 250, 000. Theory of change QUALITY ( GPE Variable Part Allocation of US $ 1 million ) 181. Challenge: Current national assessment systems do not provide adequate detail on levels of student learning, and so cannot help decision makers at the school and central level develop specific strategies to improve learning. 182. This concern is reflected in the PAE. The PAE acknowledges the importance of OTI results to better analyze the quality of learning, while also underscoring the limitations of the statistical yearbook to provide detailed information on OTI results ( the information remains rather general ). The PAE explains what has been started to correct this but also, more importantly, what remains to be done. 183. General objective targeted: Improve assessment systems to provide useful data on learning that can serve teachers and policy makers in improving learning. 184.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 859, + 879, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This concern is reflected in the PAE. The PAE acknowledges the importance of OTI results to better analyze the quality of learning, while also underscoring the limitations of the statistical yearbook to provide detailed information on OTI results ( the information remains rather general ). The PAE explains what has been started to correct this but also, more importantly, what remains to be done.", + "type": "statistical yearbook", + "explanation": "The term 'statistical yearbook' refers to a structured collection of statistical data, which is used for analysis and research purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as providing statistical data", + "acknowledged importance for analysis", + "criticized for being rather general" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'statistical yearbook' is mentioned in relation to its role in providing statistical data for analyzing the quality of learning. The text highlights both its importance and its limitations, positioning it as a key resource for statistical analysis. Even though the critique points out the generality of the data it provides, it still suggests that the yearbook serves as a source from which analytical results can be drawn. The phrase 'limitations of the statistical yearbook' implies it is recognized as a data source that researchers or analysts refer to, rather than just an informational system or a project without direct data content. The model might have confused this term because yearbooks can vary in format; they may be seen as tools or compilations of data. However, in this instance, it is clear that it is treated as an actual dataset, even with its limitations noted. Hence, I designate it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'statistical yearbook' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a source for statistical data that is used to analyze learning outcomes, despite being critiqued for its generality." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 10, + "text": "), Central Statistical Agency ( CSA ), Ethiopia \u2014 Demographic and Health Survey 2016 ( CSA, 2017 ). 6 International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), World Economic Outlook, April 2018 ( IMF, 2018 ). 7 World Bank, World Development Indicators ( World Bank, 2018 ). 8 United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP ), Human Development Reports: 2018 Statistical Update ( UNDP, 2018 ). 9 CSA and ORC Macro, Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 ( CSA, 2016 ). 10 Woredas or districts are the third-level administrative divisions. They are further subdivided into wards ( kebeles ) or neighborhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government. 11 World Bank, Ethiopia \u2014 Priorities for Ending Extreme Poverty and Promoting Shared Prosperity: Systematic Country Diagnostic ( World Bank, 2016 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 50, + 79, + "named" + ], + [ + 3, + 29, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 39, + 47, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 80, + 84, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 391, + 399, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 665, + 673, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "), Central Statistical Agency ( CSA ), Ethiopia \u2014 Demographic and Health Survey 2016 ( CSA, 2017 ). 6 International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), World Economic Outlook, April 2018 ( IMF, 2018 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "structured collection of data", + "used for research and analysis regarding health and demographic indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' is recognized as a structured collection of data that is specifically utilized for health and demographic indicators. The term follows immediately after a reference to the 'Central Statistical Agency ( CSA ), Ethiopia', which indicates an authoritative source of this survey. Furthermore, it is mentioned alongside another recognized dataset, namely the 'World Economic Outlook', which enhances its credibility as a dataset. Although some might consider it a project name or platform, it is commonly known in the research community as a survey that collects and reports data, particularly demographic data, thereby emphasizing its role as a dataset. The model might have been confused because the term alone could imply a project; however, given the context and its established use in research, it clearly operates as a dataset here. Overall, it is well-recognized for containing structured data that serves research and analysis purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Demographic and Health Survey' is indeed treated as a dataset in this context because it represents a structured collection of data that is specifically used for analysis on health and demographic indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "Over 52 million people in Ethiopia now live within 1. 5 kilometers ( km ) of an improved drinking water source compared with only 6 million people in 1990. Over the same period, rates of open defecation ( OD ) fell by 63 percent, which was the largest decrease observed in the world. 13 About 67 million people gained access to a latrine, at an average rate of 2. 6 million people per year. Sanitation and hygiene promotion were integrated into wider health-care delivery mechanisms and utilized behavioral change communication ( BCC ). 6. Notwithstanding the progress, much remains to be done. Just 10 percent of all latrines constructed in rural areas qualify as improved sanitation facilities. 14 A World Bank water supply, sanitation, and hygiene ( WASH ) poverty assessment15 reported that the 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey found that a significant number of statistically sampled rural springs and wells were contaminated with E. coli. Diarrheal diseases were the second-leading cause of death in Ethiopia in 2017, 16 with lack of access to safe WSS services ranking as the second-highest risk factor for death and disability \u2014 just behind undernutrition.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 799, + 833, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Just 10 percent of all latrines constructed in rural areas qualify as improved sanitation facilities. 14 A World Bank water supply, sanitation, and hygiene ( WASH ) poverty assessment15 reported that the 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey found that a significant number of statistically sampled rural springs and wells were contaminated with E. coli.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding socioeconomic conditions in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018reported that\u2019", + "described as a survey that collects socioeconomic data", + "cited in the context of analysis regarding data contamination" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey' clearly functions as a dataset. It is referenced in a way that highlights its role in providing data for analysis. The phrase 'reported that the 2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey found' indicates that this survey is not merely a project or system; it serves as a source of specific structured data used to draw conclusions about sanitation conditions. Unlike tools or platforms, which are often only infrastructure for storing data, this survey inherently contains value-laden statistics and findings pertinent to a research discussion on socioeconomic conditions. The model may have identified it as a dataset due to its formal title and context in the discourse pertaining to data analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2016 Ethiopia Socioeconomic Survey' is seen as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a source of structured data on socioeconomic conditions in Ethiopia." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 39, + "text": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 35 of 103 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 Project Management and Institutional Strengthening Sector Management Information System ( MIS ) operationalized ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Percentage of grievances registered related to delivery of sub-project benefits that are timely and satisfactorily addressed ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 80. 00 80. 00 80. 00 80. 00 Percentage of schemes with completed environmental and social screening processes and against which required mitigation measures including compensations are settled ( Percentage ) 0. 00 10. 00 35. 00 60. 00 90. 00 100. 00 IO Table SPACE UL Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Number of people provided with access to safe drinking water services under the Project The indicator measures the cumulative number of people accessing water services that meet the following conditions: \u2022 Quality: water supplied Annual Regular WASH MIS reports, HH surveys, and Project progress Regular WASH MIS reports, HH surveys, and Project progress reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 285, + 314, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 35 of 103 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline Intermediate Targets End Target 1 2 3 4 Project Management and Institutional Strengthening Sector Management Information System ( MIS ) operationalized ( Yes / No ) No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Percentage of grievances registered related to delivery of sub-project benefits that are timely and satisfactorily addressed ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system used for managing data and information, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing information", + "description focuses on operationalization", + "not explicitly presented as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'Management Information System' (MIS) is explicitly referred to in the context of operationalization within a project framework. The phrase indicates that it is a system used to manage data, rather than a dataset containing concrete records or data points meant for analysis. This distinction is crucial; the model might have confused 'MIS' with a data source because it follows a project management context, but it does not imply that it acts as a dataset itself. Misunderstanding may arise from the capitalization of 'Management Information System', which often leads to assumptions of it being a significant data entity, especially when placed alongside quantitative indicators. However, the surrounding text suggests it functions more as a tool or infrastructure for data management than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset here because it serves as a tool for managing data within the broader project context, rather than as a structured collection of data points." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The MoF and BoF are responsible for the FM aspect at the federal and regional levels, respectively. At the woreda and zone levels a pool system is in place, where the WOFs and ZOFs, respectively, are responsible for all FM aspects of WASH sector offices. 25. Financial management manual: The Project will follow the FM manual developed under the WASHP, which largely follows the government \u2019 s accounting manual, depicting all accounting policies, procedures, internal control issues, financial reporting, fund flow arrangements, budgeting, and external audits. Hence, in view of the new developments and activities of the new phase and the lessons learnt under the WASHP, the FM manual will be revised within two months after the Project \u2019 s effectiveness. The Borrower must obtain a \u201c no objection \u201d to the revised FM manual from the World Bank. Training on the FM manual will be carried out within two months of its approval by the World Bank. 26. Accounting system: For normal treasury funds, the GoE uses the Integrated Budget and Expenditure ( IBEX ) or Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ). The IBEX accounting system is now operational in almost all public bodies while the IFMIS is under testing at federal ministries.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1014, + 1047, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "26. Accounting system: For normal treasury funds, the GoE uses the Integrated Budget and Expenditure ( IBEX ) or Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ). The IBEX accounting system is now operational in almost all public bodies while the IFMIS is under testing at federal ministries.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "The term refers to an accounting system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an accounting system", + "described as Integrated Financial Management Information System", + "does not indicate structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated Budget and Expenditure' (IBEX) is explicitly mentioned as part of an accounting system framework. The text highlights its role in managing treasury funds rather than presenting it as a source of empirical data. The term follows descriptions of functional systems related to financial management, linking it directly to infrastructure rather than to a concrete dataset. This leads me to discern that it exists as a tool for handling financial processes rather than a dataset per se. The model might have confused this mention as a dataset due to its capitalized format and the presence of related phrases commonly associated with data sources, like 'accounting system,' which can mislead interpretations regarding their data structuring capacity. However, there are no indications that IBEX itself serves as a repository of structured datasets, which strengthens the assessment that it functions more as an infrastructure component than a dataset. Hence, my conclusion reflects the role of IBEX as a system, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Integrated Budget and Expenditure' is not treated as a dataset here; it is clearly identified as an accounting system rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 60, + "text": "The MoF and BoF are responsible for the FM aspect at the federal and regional levels, respectively. At the woreda and zone levels a pool system is in place, where the WOFs and ZOFs, respectively, are responsible for all FM aspects of WASH sector offices. 25. Financial management manual: The Project will follow the FM manual developed under the WASHP, which largely follows the government \u2019 s accounting manual, depicting all accounting policies, procedures, internal control issues, financial reporting, fund flow arrangements, budgeting, and external audits. Hence, in view of the new developments and activities of the new phase and the lessons learnt under the WASHP, the FM manual will be revised within two months after the Project \u2019 s effectiveness. The Borrower must obtain a \u201c no objection \u201d to the revised FM manual from the World Bank. Training on the FM manual will be carried out within two months of its approval by the World Bank. 26. Accounting system: For normal treasury funds, the GoE uses the Integrated Budget and Expenditure ( IBEX ) or Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ). The IBEX accounting system is now operational in almost all public bodies while the IFMIS is under testing at federal ministries.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1060, + 1110, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "26. Accounting system: For normal treasury funds, the GoE uses the Integrated Budget and Expenditure ( IBEX ) or Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ). The IBEX accounting system is now operational in almost all public bodies while the IFMIS is under testing at federal ministries.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is a tool or system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned as an accounting system", + "not referenced as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' (IFMIS) appears to be used in the context of describing an accounting system rather than a concrete dataset. While it is indeed a named system, the context focuses on its function and status (testing vs. operational) in the realm of public financial management. There is no indication in the surrounding text that it is being used as a primary source of structured records for analysis, nor is it mentioned in a way that suggests it is a collection of data in relation to research or analyses. The potential confusion arises from the fact that the term sounds like it could contain data and is capitalized as if it were a proper noun. However, without explicit attribution of data usage ('uses data from', etc.), it firmly remains within the realm of being a tool or system, not a dataset. The model may have been confused due to the structure and wording; 'Integrated Financial Management Information System' evokes ideas of a data repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IFMIS is treated as a system rather than a dataset because it is described primarily as an accounting system without explicit mention of it being a source of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 82, + "text": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 78 of 103 the string committees, before submission to the next reporting line, should approve all produced reports. Figure A1. 7 shows the range and schedule of reporting on Project progress. Figure A1. 7: Reporting on Project Progress 97. Baseline assessment: A woreda-level baseline for key WASH indicators was compiled, analyzed, and mapped for a total of 754 woredas using data collected from regional baseline reports, Health Management Information System and Education Management Information System reports, and regular reports of the Early Warning and Response Committee. Under the assessment, ten WASH indicators clustered in two groups were covered ( impact and outcome level ). The impact-level indicators are: ( i ) stunting rate; ( ii ) prevalence of diarrhea under the age of five; and ( iii ) primary students \u2019 dropout rate. Outcome-level indicators include: ( i ) access to rural water supply; ( ii ) access to rural household sanitation; ( iii ) open defecation free ( ODF ) coverage; ( iv ) health facility water supply coverage; ( v ) health facility improved sanitation coverage; ( vi ) school water supply coverage; and ( vii ) school improved sanitation coverage.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 553, + 589, + "named" + ], + [ + 488, + 499, + "Health Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 878, + 922, + "Health Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1009, + 1037, + "Health Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1138, + 1175, + "Health Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7: Reporting on Project Progress 97. Baseline assessment: A woreda-level baseline for key WASH indicators was compiled, analyzed, and mapped for a total of 754 woredas using data collected from regional baseline reports, Health Management Information System and Education Management Information System reports, and regular reports of the Early Warning and Response Committee. Under the assessment, ten WASH indicators clustered in two groups were covered ( impact and outcome level ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Health Management Information System is a structured collection of health-related data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other sources", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in the context of project reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Health Management Information System' (HMIS) is explicitly described as a management information system. It appears alongside other sources, indicating it is part of a broader dataset ecosystem rather than a distinct dataset in its own right. Since it's mentioned in a list format with other reporting sources, and is characterized as a system which stores health-related data, it suggests that the HMIS serves more as a tool for reporting and analysis rather than a concrete dataset to be analyzed individually. The extraction model might have confused it for a dataset because it follows a structure indicative of data use and includes terms associated with data analysis, yet it fundamentally functions as a reporting and data management tool rather than a dataset itself. The mention of 'reports' also emphasizes its role as a collection mechanism rather than a singular data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Management Information System' is not a dataset here; it is identified as a management information system that aggregates and organizes data for reporting, situating it more as an infrastructure tool than a distinct dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 82, + "text": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 78 of 103 the string committees, before submission to the next reporting line, should approve all produced reports. Figure A1. 7 shows the range and schedule of reporting on Project progress. Figure A1. 7: Reporting on Project Progress 97. Baseline assessment: A woreda-level baseline for key WASH indicators was compiled, analyzed, and mapped for a total of 754 woredas using data collected from regional baseline reports, Health Management Information System and Education Management Information System reports, and regular reports of the Early Warning and Response Committee. Under the assessment, ten WASH indicators clustered in two groups were covered ( impact and outcome level ). The impact-level indicators are: ( i ) stunting rate; ( ii ) prevalence of diarrhea under the age of five; and ( iii ) primary students \u2019 dropout rate. Outcome-level indicators include: ( i ) access to rural water supply; ( ii ) access to rural household sanitation; ( iii ) open defecation free ( ODF ) coverage; ( iv ) health facility water supply coverage; ( v ) health facility improved sanitation coverage; ( vi ) school water supply coverage; and ( vii ) school improved sanitation coverage.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 594, + 633, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7: Reporting on Project Progress 97. Baseline assessment: A woreda-level baseline for key WASH indicators was compiled, analyzed, and mapped for a total of 754 woredas using data collected from regional baseline reports, Health Management Information System and Education Management Information System reports, and regular reports of the Early Warning and Response Committee. Under the assessment, ten WASH indicators clustered in two groups were covered ( impact and outcome level ).", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System is a structured collection of data used for tracking and analyzing educational indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as part of a reporting framework, not a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Education Management Information System' is clearly identified as a management information system, as indicated by its naming convention and the presence of the term 'System'. It follows the phrase 'uses data collected from' but refers to a system rather than a direct data source. Management Information Systems typically serve as infrastructure or tools that organize and manage data but are not datasets themselves\u2014they facilitate data collection and reporting. The mention of it alongside other reporting sources, such as baseline reports and other systems, adds to its classification as a tool for data collection rather than as a dataset in its own right. Thus, although it does contain structured records regarding education indicators, in this specific context, it does not function as a standalone dataset for the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Education Management Information System' represents an infrastructure or tool that manages educational data but is not a dataset in itself in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 82, + "text": "Also, necessary woreda-level information and a drought and flood prevalence summary, including a correlation result between water supply and the defined impact-level indicators, are captured under the assessment. The findings will be further refined during the planned National WASH Inventory and will serve as a base for facilitating mid - and end-term as well as impact evaluations. 98. Support to the WASH M & E and MIS: Under the program management and institutional strengthening component, the CWA will provide support to strengthen the operationalization of the broader WASH M & E MIS system developed by joint financing of the DFID and AfDB. The support will focus on: a. Institutionalization of the MIS to ensure regular updating of the National WASH Inventory as well as use of the data for decision making. This will include: ( i ) capacity-building support to the newly established MIS directorate under the WDC; ( ii ) building woreda-level capacity for regular reporting of indicators ( for instance, through expanding the ToRs for CFTs ); and ( iii ) building data analysis, interpretation, and reporting capacity at all levels through targeted training. b. Introducing a community-based monitoring tool ( focusing on a few WASH indicators ) to inform decision makers regarding sustainable service delivery. The current data collection tool ( Cosmos ) can only reach up to the woreda level. Given the number and dispersed nature of schemes in a woreda and", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 269, + 292, + "named" + ], + [ + 16, + 40, + "National WASH Inventory <> data description" + ], + [ + 47, + 83, + "National WASH Inventory <> data description" + ], + [ + 635, + 639, + "National WASH Inventory <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1355, + "National WASH Inventory <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Also, necessary woreda-level information and a drought and flood prevalence summary, including a correlation result between water supply and the defined impact-level indicators, are captured under the assessment. The findings will be further refined during the planned National WASH Inventory and will serve as a base for facilitating mid - and end-term as well as impact evaluations. 98.", + "type": "inventory", + "explanation": "The National WASH Inventory is a structured collection of data related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) that is used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described during the planned National WASH Inventory", + "serves as a base for facilitating evaluations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National WASH Inventory' is explicitly mentioned in a manner that ties it to data collection and analysis for mid-term and end-term evaluations. The phrase 'will serve as a base for facilitating mid - and end-term as well as impact evaluations' suggests that the inventory is intended to provide structured data for these evaluations, aligning it more with the characteristics of a dataset rather than merely a management system or project. The earlier judgment may have seen it as a dataset due to this clear link with evaluation purposes, despite the potential for confusion as it is also related to a project or system. However, since it is framed as a foundational element for studies, it leans towards being considered a dataset here rather than just a system or project name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This instance of 'National WASH Inventory' is interpreted as a dataset because it's described as an essential resource for evaluations, indicating it functions as a structured data source, despite also having characteristics of a project." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 82, + "text": "Also, necessary woreda-level information and a drought and flood prevalence summary, including a correlation result between water supply and the defined impact-level indicators, are captured under the assessment. The findings will be further refined during the planned National WASH Inventory and will serve as a base for facilitating mid - and end-term as well as impact evaluations. 98. Support to the WASH M & E and MIS: Under the program management and institutional strengthening component, the CWA will provide support to strengthen the operationalization of the broader WASH M & E MIS system developed by joint financing of the DFID and AfDB. The support will focus on: a. Institutionalization of the MIS to ensure regular updating of the National WASH Inventory as well as use of the data for decision making. This will include: ( i ) capacity-building support to the newly established MIS directorate under the WDC; ( ii ) building woreda-level capacity for regular reporting of indicators ( for instance, through expanding the ToRs for CFTs ); and ( iii ) building data analysis, interpretation, and reporting capacity at all levels through targeted training. b. Introducing a community-based monitoring tool ( focusing on a few WASH indicators ) to inform decision makers regarding sustainable service delivery. The current data collection tool ( Cosmos ) can only reach up to the woreda level. Given the number and dispersed nature of schemes in a woreda and", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1358, + 1364, + "named" + ], + [ + 47, + 83, + "Cosmos <> data description" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1355, + "Cosmos <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Introducing a community-based monitoring tool ( focusing on a few WASH indicators ) to inform decision makers regarding sustainable service delivery. The current data collection tool ( Cosmos ) can only reach up to the woreda level. Given the number and dispersed nature of schemes in a woreda and", + "type": "data collection tool", + "explanation": "Cosmos is described as a data collection tool that captures information related to WASH indicators, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data collection tool", + "not explicitly mentioned as a dataset", + "focus on project implementation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Cosmos' is referred to as a 'data collection tool,' which indicates that it serves as a mechanism for gathering and managing data rather than being a dataset itself. While it is likely storing data related to WASH indicators, the use of the term 'tool' suggests it is functioning as an infrastructure or system designed for data collection rather than embodying the actual dataset. The mention does not indicate that 'Cosmos' is being used in a way that would classify it as a primary source of structured records for analysis. This distinction is crucial because datasets are typically referenced as the final structured collections of data that researchers or analysts use to draw insights, while systems or tools like 'Cosmos' are often the means through which data is collected and processed. The model might have been confused because the capitalization and contextual clues create the impression of 'Cosmos' being an important data source, especially given its intended use in enhancing decision-making. However, it is clear from the emphasis on its function as a tool that we are dealing with infrastructure rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Cosmos' is not a dataset in this context; it is a data collection tool that facilitates the gathering of information but is not in itself a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 83, + "text": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 79 of 103 the lack of logistics, getting real-time data on service delivery indicators such as functionality will continue to be a challenge. In response to this challenge, the CWA will provide support to explore options for community-based WASH data collection. The support will include: ( i ) assessment of the different community-based data collection tools that could complement and integrate with the WASH MIS; ( ii ) designing ( including the selection of frequently needed indicators ), piloting, and rolling out the selected community-based data collection tool; ( iii ) institutionalizing the data collection responsibility at the WASHCOM level ( inclusion of this responsibility as part of the WASHCOM legalization document ); and ( iv ) continuous capacity building of WASHCOM members for regular reporting. Information collected from community-level monitoring will be integrated into sector MIS. c. Introducing the rural water and sanitation information system ( SIASAR ) in Ethiopia: The WASH sector in Ethiopia can draw lessons from the SIASAR model implemented in different countries of Latin America, Africa, and Central Asia. The Project will build on the ongoing WASH MIS initiative for Ethiopia and will link to SIASAR to allow a compressive and broader range of data analysis for decision making.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1181, + 1187, + "named" + ], + [ + 1057, + 1102, + "SIASAR <> data type" + ], + [ + 1117, + 1125, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1146, + 1154, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1232, + 1245, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1247, + 1253, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1259, + 1271, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1343, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1479, + 1497, + "SIASAR <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "c. Introducing the rural water and sanitation information system ( SIASAR ) in Ethiopia: The WASH sector in Ethiopia can draw lessons from the SIASAR model implemented in different countries of Latin America, Africa, and Central Asia. The Project will build on the ongoing WASH MIS initiative for Ethiopia and will link to SIASAR to allow a compressive and broader range of data analysis for decision making.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "SIASAR is an information system designed for data collection and analysis in the WASH sector, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a rural water and sanitation information system", + "project but mentioned as a data source", + "integrated with ongoing WASH MIS initiative" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, SIASAR is explicitly referred to as an 'information system', which suggests that it's more of a framework or platform for data collection and analysis rather than a concrete dataset on its own. The text highlights its role as a model implemented in different countries and mentions its link to a broader WASH management information system (MIS), emphasizing its function within a larger context rather than standing alone as a dataset. While the model extraction identified 'SIASAR' in a potentially supportive context (e.g., linking for comprehensive data analysis), it is clear that it serves as a system and not strictly a dataset. The potential confusion arises from its capitalized form and being mentioned alongside other projects, which might mislead models into treating it as a standalone dataset instead of a tool or system designed for data handling.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SIASAR is not a dataset in this context but rather an information system designed for data collection and analysis, functioning within the broader WASH sector structure." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 83, + "text": "The World Bank One WASH \u2014 Consolidated Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Account Project ( One WASH \u2014 CWA ) ( P167794 ) Page 79 of 103 the lack of logistics, getting real-time data on service delivery indicators such as functionality will continue to be a challenge. In response to this challenge, the CWA will provide support to explore options for community-based WASH data collection. The support will include: ( i ) assessment of the different community-based data collection tools that could complement and integrate with the WASH MIS; ( ii ) designing ( including the selection of frequently needed indicators ), piloting, and rolling out the selected community-based data collection tool; ( iii ) institutionalizing the data collection responsibility at the WASHCOM level ( inclusion of this responsibility as part of the WASHCOM legalization document ); and ( iv ) continuous capacity building of WASHCOM members for regular reporting. Information collected from community-level monitoring will be integrated into sector MIS. c. Introducing the rural water and sanitation information system ( SIASAR ) in Ethiopia: The WASH sector in Ethiopia can draw lessons from the SIASAR model implemented in different countries of Latin America, Africa, and Central Asia. The Project will build on the ongoing WASH MIS initiative for Ethiopia and will link to SIASAR to allow a compressive and broader range of data analysis for decision making.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1361, + 1367, + "named" + ], + [ + 452, + 489, + "SIASAR <> data type" + ], + [ + 1057, + 1102, + "SIASAR <> data type" + ], + [ + 1117, + 1125, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1146, + 1154, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1232, + 1245, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1247, + 1253, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1259, + 1271, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1343, + "SIASAR <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Introducing the rural water and sanitation information system ( SIASAR ) in Ethiopia: The WASH sector in Ethiopia can draw lessons from the SIASAR model implemented in different countries of Latin America, Africa, and Central Asia. The Project will build on the ongoing WASH MIS initiative for Ethiopia and will link to SIASAR to allow a compressive and broader range of data analysis for decision making.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "SIASAR is described as a rural water and sanitation information system, which indicates it is a structured collection of data used for analysis in the WASH sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a rural water and sanitation information system", + "mentioned as part of a project", + "linked to WASH MIS initiative", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, SIASAR is referred to as a 'rural water and sanitation information system,' indicating that it serves more as a framework or infrastructure for managing information rather than a standalone dataset. While it could encapsulate data relevant for analysis, the phrasing 'information system' suggests that it's part of a broader project rather than being the data itself. Furthermore, the context emphasizes its role in linking with another system (WASH MIS) to facilitate data analysis rather than indicating that it contains distinct datasets in itself. The model could have been confused due to the term's capitalization and mention alongside other initiatives hinting at data utilization. However, the clarity of it being an information system rather than a direct data source is pivotal in this assessment.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, SIASAR is not treated as a concrete dataset but rather as an information system designed to support the management and analysis of data in the WASH sector." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 83, + "text": "The focus on this Project is to establish a solid M & E foundation, which will enable the sector to move toward results-based implementation approaches. 99. The program will support the NWCO, RWCOs, and WASH Sector PMUs for regular organizing of the WASH Annual Review Meetings to track implementation progress and provide feedback for improvement. This platform will be used to enhance learning and experience sharing among program woredas and towns. Under the platform, the best-performing woredas and towns will be selected based on a clear evaluation guideline using predefined service delivery result indicators and will be recognized / awarded. This is expected to create positive competition toward meeting intended results among program woredas and towns. Once this initiative is tested and piloted under the CWA, the platform will be scaled up to the wider OWNP. Information from the MIS will be the basis for selecting best-performing woredas and will be used as motivation to encourage regular updating of information into the MIS. Implementation Support Plan and Resource Requirements 100. Many of the Project team members are based out of the World Bank \u2019 s country office in Addis Ababa, which helps provide timely and effective implementation support to the Client. Semiannual supervision missions and targeted follow-up technical missions will focus on the areas described in the following paragraphs. 101. Strategic support: The World Bank implementation support missions will meet with national and local authorities to: ( i ) review progress on the Project \u2019 s activities; ( ii ) discuss strategic alignment of the Project \u2019 s different activities and the activities of relevant stakeholders; and ( iii ) evaluate progress on cross-cutting issues, such as M & E, gender, training, communication, dissemination of Project results and experiences, and coordination between relevant stakeholders. Table A1. 8: Thematic Support Time Focus Skills Needed Resource Partner Role First 12 months Preparation of tendering contracts; feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs; safeguards screening and mitigation plans Procurement, FM, safeguards and infrastructure specialists; hydrology and water resources specialists Supervision budget Provide support, national expertise, and technical advice", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 893, + 896, + "named" + ], + [ + 571, + 616, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1156, + 1166, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1446, + 1456, + "MIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Once this initiative is tested and piloted under the CWA, the platform will be scaled up to the wider OWNP. Information from the MIS will be the basis for selecting best-performing woredas and will be used as motivation to encourage regular updating of information into the MIS. Implementation Support Plan and Resource Requirements 100.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for tracking and managing information related to the project, thus qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a management information system, not as a data source", + "implies use of data within the system, rather than being the data itself", + "follows phrases indicating its role in overseeing data management, rather than directly providing a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a Management Information System rather than an actual dataset. The text indicates that the information coming from the MIS will be used as a basis for decision-making but does not explicitly say that the MIS itself is treated as a data source providing datasets. Rather, it suggests that the MIS organizes and manages data for use but is not the dataset in question. The confusion for the extraction model might stem from the use of 'MIS' following phrases that imply data utilization (like \u2018the basis for selecting best-performing woredas\u2019), which may lead to conflating a system or tool for data management with the concept of a dataset. However, a clearer separation exists in the terminology since it describes the MIS more as a structured system that holds data rather than the actual dataset being referenced in analyses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not classified as a dataset because it refers to a management information system that manages and organizes data rather than containing standalone datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 83, + "text": "The focus on this Project is to establish a solid M & E foundation, which will enable the sector to move toward results-based implementation approaches. 99. The program will support the NWCO, RWCOs, and WASH Sector PMUs for regular organizing of the WASH Annual Review Meetings to track implementation progress and provide feedback for improvement. This platform will be used to enhance learning and experience sharing among program woredas and towns. Under the platform, the best-performing woredas and towns will be selected based on a clear evaluation guideline using predefined service delivery result indicators and will be recognized / awarded. This is expected to create positive competition toward meeting intended results among program woredas and towns. Once this initiative is tested and piloted under the CWA, the platform will be scaled up to the wider OWNP. Information from the MIS will be the basis for selecting best-performing woredas and will be used as motivation to encourage regular updating of information into the MIS. Implementation Support Plan and Resource Requirements 100. Many of the Project team members are based out of the World Bank \u2019 s country office in Addis Ababa, which helps provide timely and effective implementation support to the Client. Semiannual supervision missions and targeted follow-up technical missions will focus on the areas described in the following paragraphs. 101. Strategic support: The World Bank implementation support missions will meet with national and local authorities to: ( i ) review progress on the Project \u2019 s activities; ( ii ) discuss strategic alignment of the Project \u2019 s different activities and the activities of relevant stakeholders; and ( iii ) evaluate progress on cross-cutting issues, such as M & E, gender, training, communication, dissemination of Project results and experiences, and coordination between relevant stakeholders. Table A1. 8: Thematic Support Time Focus Skills Needed Resource Partner Role First 12 months Preparation of tendering contracts; feasibility studies and detailed engineering designs; safeguards screening and mitigation plans Procurement, FM, safeguards and infrastructure specialists; hydrology and water resources specialists Supervision budget Provide support, national expertise, and technical advice", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1038, + 1041, + "named" + ], + [ + 571, + 616, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1156, + 1166, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1446, + 1456, + "MIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Once this initiative is tested and piloted under the CWA, the platform will be scaled up to the wider OWNP. Information from the MIS will be the basis for selecting best-performing woredas and will be used as motivation to encourage regular updating of information into the MIS. Implementation Support Plan and Resource Requirements 100.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for tracking and managing information related to the project, thus qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'the basis for selecting best-performing woredas'", + "described as a Management Information System", + "not explicitly stated as containing raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a Management Information System, which serves as a platform for managing and storing data rather than serving as a dataset itself. Although it is mentioned as a source informing decisions, it is described in a manner that indicates it functions more as infrastructure or a tool that enables data management, rather than presenting a set of raw or analyzable data itself. The phrase 'information from the MIS will be the basis for selecting best-performing woredas' suggests that the MIS is integral to the decision-making process, but does not imply that it is the dataset being analyzed. This potential ambiguity arises since 'MIS' is capitalized and could be misconstrued as a specific dataset, yet its use in this context indicates it is more of a system than a concrete dataset. A model may have thought it was a dataset mention due to its prominent placement throughout the statement and its association with data management tasks.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management system that supports data collection and usage; it does not provide raw data for analysis directly." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "Where the area of intervention potentially extends beyond the woreda \u2019 s administrative boundaries, efforts may require management models that vary from traditional WASH Committees ( WASHCOMs ). The selection and readiness criteria for rural communities to be supported under this Project include the following. Selection Criteria ( i ) Level of WASH access and coverage based on the WASH baseline data compiled from regions and verified by the federal WASH ministers: Efforts to measure this will primarily focus on the following indicators ( i ) the level of rural water supply coverage in line with the GTP II standard; ( ii ) household sanitation coverage based on the MoH definition for improved household latrines; ( iii ) proportion of ODF kebeles in a woreda; ( iv ) WASH coverage for schools; and ( v ) WASH coverage for health facilities. The selection criteria include the level of stunting ( based on data collected from the health MIS at the woreda level ) as well as the \u201c prevalence of acute watery diarrhea \u201d ( also using data from the woreda-level health MIS ). These will be used as proxies to prioritize areas with poor sanitation. Woredas with relatively low levels of WASH coverage based on these indicators will be given priority. ( ii ) Level of ongoing assistance in the woreda: Woredas with a lower level of ongoing support from other financing sources will be given priority for financing from the Project. Readiness Criteria ( i ) Compliance with safeguard requirements, based on initial screenings as outlined in the ESMF.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 937, + 947, + "named" + ], + [ + 62, + 68, + "health MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 552, + 588, + "health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 630, + 659, + "health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 673, + 676, + "health MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 775, + 800, + "health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 884, + 901, + "health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 955, + 961, + "health MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 987, + 1022, + "health MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Selection Criteria ( i ) Level of WASH access and coverage based on the WASH baseline data compiled from regions and verified by the federal WASH ministers: Efforts to measure this will primarily focus on the following indicators ( i ) the level of rural water supply coverage in line with the GTP II standard; ( ii ) household sanitation coverage based on the MoH definition for improved household latrines; ( iii ) proportion of ODF kebeles in a woreda; ( iv ) WASH coverage for schools; and ( v ) WASH coverage for health facilities. The selection criteria include the level of stunting ( based on data collected from the health MIS at the woreda level ) as well as the \u201c prevalence of acute watery diarrhea \u201d ( also using data from the woreda-level health MIS ). These will be used as proxies to prioritize areas with poor sanitation.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The health MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes health-related data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a management information system, not a direct data source", + "follows 'based on data collected from' suggesting it is being used as a data framework", + "described as a system that collects and organizes health-related data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'health MIS' is used in conjunction with phrases like 'based on data collected from the health MIS'. This indicates that it is referring to a management information system that collects health data rather than a standalone dataset. Although the MIS provides data for analysis, it is not being treated as a dataset in this context. Instead, it's more of an infrastructure or tool that stores health-related data. The potential confusion arises because 'health MIS' might appear to be a proper noun that could be treated as a dataset, especially since the model may recognize its capitalization, but, in reality, it is functioning as a category or framework for data collection rather than being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'health MIS' should not be considered a dataset in this context as it is referred to as a management information system that provides data rather than a defined, structured dataset used directly for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 86, + "text": "Where the area of intervention potentially extends beyond the woreda \u2019 s administrative boundaries, efforts may require management models that vary from traditional WASH Committees ( WASHCOMs ). The selection and readiness criteria for rural communities to be supported under this Project include the following. Selection Criteria ( i ) Level of WASH access and coverage based on the WASH baseline data compiled from regions and verified by the federal WASH ministers: Efforts to measure this will primarily focus on the following indicators ( i ) the level of rural water supply coverage in line with the GTP II standard; ( ii ) household sanitation coverage based on the MoH definition for improved household latrines; ( iii ) proportion of ODF kebeles in a woreda; ( iv ) WASH coverage for schools; and ( v ) WASH coverage for health facilities. The selection criteria include the level of stunting ( based on data collected from the health MIS at the woreda level ) as well as the \u201c prevalence of acute watery diarrhea \u201d ( also using data from the woreda-level health MIS ). These will be used as proxies to prioritize areas with poor sanitation. Woredas with relatively low levels of WASH coverage based on these indicators will be given priority. ( ii ) Level of ongoing assistance in the woreda: Woredas with a lower level of ongoing support from other financing sources will be given priority for financing from the Project. Readiness Criteria ( i ) Compliance with safeguard requirements, based on initial screenings as outlined in the ESMF.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1052, + 1075, + "named" + ], + [ + 62, + 68, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 552, + 588, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 630, + 659, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 760, + 766, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 775, + 800, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 884, + 901, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 955, + 961, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 987, + 1022, + "woreda-level health MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Selection Criteria ( i ) Level of WASH access and coverage based on the WASH baseline data compiled from regions and verified by the federal WASH ministers: Efforts to measure this will primarily focus on the following indicators ( i ) the level of rural water supply coverage in line with the GTP II standard; ( ii ) household sanitation coverage based on the MoH definition for improved household latrines; ( iii ) proportion of ODF kebeles in a woreda; ( iv ) WASH coverage for schools; and ( v ) WASH coverage for health facilities. The selection criteria include the level of stunting ( based on data collected from the health MIS at the woreda level ) as well as the \u201c prevalence of acute watery diarrhea \u201d ( also using data from the woreda-level health MIS ). These will be used as proxies to prioritize areas with poor sanitation.", + "type": "health management information system (MIS)", + "explanation": "The woreda-level health MIS refers to a structured collection of health data used for analysis and decision-making in the context of health interventions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a health MIS", + "described as a system rather than a data source", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'woreda-level health MIS' is presented as a management information system rather than a concrete dataset. While it uses data collected from the system, it does not directly indicate that this term is referring to a dataset itself. The context describes the inclusion of data from the MIS to support health indicators, but it emphasizes that the MIS is infrastructure used to gather and manage this health data. The use of the term 'MIS' (Management Information System) suggests it is meant to capture broader health data rather than being a dataset containing structured records on its own. This can lead to confusion: the term looks like it could refer to a dataset because it follows phrases like 'based on data collected from,' but the explicit terminology indicates it\u2019s more of a system in this specific context, not a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'woreda-level health MIS' is viewed as a management information system that functions as a tool to collect and manage health data, rather than a specific dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "073_Ethiopia-Consolidated-Water-Supply-Sanitation-and-Hygiene-Account-Project", + "page": 99, + "text": "As shown in Table A3. 2, the per capita cost increases with the complexity of the technology type and the return of investment decreases. 49 For rural households, traveling times to the nearest water source are substantial \u2014 about 56 percent of rural households had to travel less than an hour, but a large share ( 37 percent ) had to travel between 1. 0 and 2. 5 hours, and about 15 percent had to travel even longer to fetch water ( Ethiopia Time Use Survey, CSA, December 2014 ). 50 Reduction in incidence of diarrheal disease compared with unimproved coverage is estimated to be 34 percent for an improved community water source, 28 percent for improved on-site sanitation, 40 percent for handwashing with soap, 60 percent for combined basic WASH, and 80 percent for safe WASH. Data on water and sanitation are from J. Wolf et al., \u201c Assessing the Impact of Drinking Water and Sanitation on Diarrhoeal Disease in Low - and Middle-Income Settings: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression, \u201d Tropical Medicine & International Health 19, no. 8 ( 2014 ): 928 \u2013 42, https: / / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov / pubmed / 24811732; on handwashing with soap from M. C. Freeman et al., \u201c Hygiene and Health: Systematic Review of Handwashing Practices Worldwide and Update of Health Effects, \u201d Tropical Medicine & International Health 19, no. 8 ( 2014 ): 906 \u2013 16, https: / / www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov / pubmed / 24889816. Estimates for basic WASH and safe WASH are based on combining individual services. 51 According to Guy Hutton, a dollar spent globally on basic WASH will provide in return US $ 3. 50, US $ 2. 60, and US $ 4. 20 for WASH, respectively.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 435, + 459, + "named" + ], + [ + 145, + 161, + "Ethiopia Time Use Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 435, + 443, + "Ethiopia Time Use Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 461, + 464, + "Ethiopia Time Use Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 475, + 479, + "Ethiopia Time Use Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1506, + 1516, + "Ethiopia Time Use Survey <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "0 and 2. 5 hours, and about 15 percent had to travel even longer to fetch water ( Ethiopia Time Use Survey, CSA, December 2014 ). 50 Reduction in incidence of diarrheal disease compared with unimproved coverage is estimated to be 34 percent for an improved community water source, 28 percent for improved on-site sanitation, 40 percent for handwashing with soap, 60 percent for combined basic WASH, and 80 percent for safe WASH.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Ethiopia Time Use Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze time allocation among rural households in Ethiopia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows data narrative about time allocation", + "described as a reliable source for structured data", + "date and authoritative source (CSA, December 2014) included", + "not mentioned as a project or system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Ethiopia Time Use Survey' is treated as an actual dataset rather than a project or system. The presence of a narrative about time allocation among rural households and the citation of an authoritative source (CSA) along with the date indicates that it references structured data collected for analysis rather than operating merely as a platform or management information system. If the mention had included additional descriptors like 'project' or 'system' or if there were unclear indicators of it being an infrastructure rather than a dataset, it might have been evaluated differently. However, based on the phrasing and context provided, it is clear that it functions as a statistical dataset, leading to a conclusion that it can be classified as such in this usage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Ethiopia Time Use Survey' is determined to be a dataset in this context as it is presented as a structured collection of data relevant for analysis and is cited from a credible source, without any indication that it refers to a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "074_Djibouti-Integrated-Cash-Transfer-and-Human-Capital-Project", + "page": 11, + "text": "Finally, under any scenario, Djibouti is forecasted to experience more highly unusual ( 3-sigma ) and unprecedented ( 5-sigma ) summer month of extreme temperature anomalies than other Middle East and North Africa ( MENA ) countries. 8-9 3 Djibouti \u2019 s Natural Disaster Risk Profile, ThinkHazard, 2019. 4 \u201c Mapped: How Every Part of the World Has Warmed and Could Continue to Warm \u201d, Climate Brief, September 2018. Based on IPCC models and Berkley Earth data. 5 Djibouti \u2019 s Country Profile, Climate Change Knowledge Portal, World Bank, 2017. 6 Last May, Cyclone Sagar dumped 110mm of precipitation on Djibouti \u2019 s capital ( roughly the annual average in 48 hours ), inundated most neighborhoods, affected up to 50, 000 people, disrupted access to water and sanitation services for weeks, and compromised the ability of thousands of households to provided their children with adequate nutrition according to a United Nations Humanitarian Needs Assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 492, + 523, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Based on IPCC models and Berkley Earth data. 5 Djibouti \u2019 s Country Profile, Climate Change Knowledge Portal, World Bank, 2017. 6 Last May, Cyclone Sagar dumped 110mm of precipitation on Djibouti \u2019 s capital ( roughly the annual average in 48 hours ), inundated most neighborhoods, affected up to 50, 000 people, disrupted access to water and sanitation services for weeks, and compromised the ability of thousands of households to provided their children with adequate nutrition according to a United Nations Humanitarian Needs Assessment.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Climate Change Knowledge Portal is a resource or platform that provides information and data related to climate change, but it is not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data sources but not explicitly as a data source itself", + "described as a portal rather than a specific collection of data", + "not the primary source of structured records or data for the analysis", + "follows 'based on' but is identified as a resource rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Climate Change Knowledge Portal', it\u2019s clear from the broader context that this is referred to as a resource or platform designed to provide access to data and information regarding climate change. While it appears next to other data sources, it lacks explicit phrasing indicating that it serves as a structured dataset. The term follows a phrase 'Based on' but aligns with projects or platforms that house data rather than being a single cohesive dataset itself. This could lead to confusion for models that may interpret it as a dataset because of its capitalization and the context in which it appears, especially given the presence of well-known datasets nearby. However, since the text refers more to it as a knowledge portal providing information as opposed to a dataset with specific records or indicators, I would classify it as not a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Climate Change Knowledge Portal' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is referred to as a resource rather than a structured collection of data. It lacks explicit indicators of being a primary data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "074_Djibouti-Integrated-Cash-Transfer-and-Human-Capital-Project", + "page": 12, + "text": "The emphasis is now on scaling up PNSF to cover a greater share of the poor population, building on the capacity developed with the support of the World Bank \u2019 s Social Safety Nets Project ( SSNP, P130328 ) which has financed the development of the social registry, the targeting methodology, and the PNSF \u2019 s Management Information System ( MIS ). 10. Prior to the PNSF, most SSN programs had been established at the wake of drought shocks and were largely donor-driven initiatives ( such as the World Food Programme ( WFP ), the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ), the Food and Agriculture Organization, the Islamic Development Bank, the United States Agency for Development, and the Norwegian Refugee Council ) which were mainly focused on providing food to vulnerable populations. At present, the scale and funding of SSN programs remains inadequate to protect most poor and vulnerable groups. According to the latest available data, only 32. 7 percent of the poorest 20 percent of households are covered by any SSN program. In addition, the Government \u2019 s share of spending in SSN is quite limited, as Djibouti only spends 0. 18 percent of its GDP on 10 Hallegatte et al, \u201c Shockwaves: Managing the Impacts of Climate Change on Poverty \u201d, World Bank, 2016. 11 Wooden et al, \u201c Impact of Weather Shocks on MENA Households \u201d, World Bank, 2014. 12 Djibouti \u2019 s First NDC, August 2015, p2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 310, + 339, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The emphasis is now on scaling up PNSF to cover a greater share of the poor population, building on the capacity developed with the support of the World Bank \u2019 s Social Safety Nets Project ( SSNP, P130328 ) which has financed the development of the social registry, the targeting methodology, and the PNSF \u2019 s Management Information System ( MIS ). 10.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system used for managing data and information, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned within a project context", + "described as a system rather than a dataset", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' is explicitly mentioned as part of the Social Safety Nets Project description, indicating it is fundamentally a tool or platform for managing data rather than a dataset itself. It does not fulfill the criteria for a dataset because it is not presented as a source of structured records but rather as an element of project infrastructure. The label 'Management Information System' could easily lead an extraction model to misclassify it as a dataset due to its reference in a similar syntactic structure, but the surrounding language clarifies its role as a system aligned with project activities.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset here because it is framed as a project component or infrastructure, focusing on data management rather than being a specific collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 13, + "text": "Poverty in five of the six districts hosting refugees is higher than the national average. Gisagara ( which hosts the Mugombwa camp ) and Karongi ( which hosts the Kiziba camp ) are two of the four poorest districts in the country, with poverty levels of 56 and 53 percent respectively. Host communities suffer from the same development constraints as refugees \u2013 limited employment opportunities, poor quality education and a dependence on low-income agriculture for livelihood. While relations are generally good between refugees and hosts, the project will promote continued peaceful co-existence by mitigating the negative impacts of refugee presence, by providing equitable access to project benefits to both groups and by promoting joint economic activity. 12. Rwanda is exerting efforts to improve access to finance, but more can be done, including for refugees. In 2017, 50 percent of Rwandans held an account at a financial institution, declining to 48 percent for women and 38. 7 percent in rural areas. 9 Only 8. 1 percent of adults have access to credit nation-wide. 10 Umurenge Savings and Credit Co - Operatives ( U-SACCOs, referred to as SACCOs in this document ) and Microfinance Institutions ( MFIs ) play an important role in improving financial inclusion. There are 416 SACCOs, one in each administrative sector, covering all of Rwanda \u2019 s 30 Districts. From 2008 to 2012, SACCOs increased access to formal financial institutions from 21 to 42 percent. 7 World Bank. Poverty and Equity Data Portal. Data as of October 2018. See http: / / povertydata. worldbank. org / poverty / country / RWA 8 Taylor, J. Edward, Mateusz J. Filipski, Mohamad Alloush, Anubhab Gupta, Ruben Irvin Rojas Valdes, and Ernesto Gonzalez-Estrada. 2016. \u201c Economic Impact of refugees. \u201d PNAS 113 ( 27 ): 7449-53. 9 Findex 2017. 10 Ibid.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1485, + 1515, + "named" + ], + [ + 91, + 99, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 118, + 131, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 138, + 145, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 766, + 772, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 892, + 900, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1353, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1377, + 1389, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1473, + 1483, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1528, + 1540, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1612, + 1629, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1631, + 1650, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1652, + 1667, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1669, + 1682, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1684, + 1708, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1714, + 1738, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> author" + ], + [ + 1814, + 1818, + "Poverty and Equity Data Portal <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "7 World Bank. Poverty and Equity Data Portal. Data as of October 2018.", + "type": "data portal", + "explanation": "The Poverty and Equity Data Portal is a structured collection of data related to poverty and equity metrics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project name or platform", + "could be interpreted as a data source but lacks clear reference to specific records", + "mentioned with a specific date indicating a time point rather than ongoing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Poverty and Equity Data Portal' sounds like a well-defined system or platform rather than a specific dataset. The phrase 'Data as of October 2018' suggests a snapshot of information rather than an ongoing or continuously updated dataset. The extraction model may have confused it due to its name looking like a data source and the context lacking specificity about the nature of the data it contains. This could mislead models into treating it as a concrete dataset rather than just a point of reference for data related to poverty and equity, which is structural in nature. In the absence of more information that explicitly frames it as a conventional dataset (like mentioning specific data points contained within), I view this more as a platform or portal that organizes and provides access to poverty and equity data, which distinguishes it from being a primary dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Poverty and Equity Data Portal' is better viewed as a project or platform that aggregates data rather than a distinct dataset due to its description and lack of specificity in data records." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 23, + "text": "Socioeconomic Investments Road rehabilitation / upgrading will support the access of refugees and host communities to economic opportunities. It will also benefit local businesses and traders, who will have easier access to the refugee population. Markets will support trade for refugees and host communities. Component 2. Economic Opportunity Subcomponent 2 ( a ). Access to finance Access to finance will support MSMEs and cooperatives run by host communities and refugees and larger businesses, which will employ both. Will also benefit local micro-finance institutions and SACCOs by 18 National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda ( 2012 ). Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census, Thematic Report: Population size, structure and distribution. See: http: / / www. statistics. gov. rw / publication / rphc4-atlas; and UNHCR refugee data as of February 28, 2019 see above n. 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 643, + 686, + "named" + ], + [ + 635, + 639, + "Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 643, + 649, + "Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 705, + 748, + "Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Will also benefit local micro-finance institutions and SACCOs by 18 National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda ( 2012 ). Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census, Thematic Report: Population size, structure and distribution. See: http: / / www.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a census which involves structured demographic data", + "thematic report suggested that it contains specific data points", + "mentioned alongside a reputable statistical institution (National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census' indicates an organized effort to gather data on the population of Rwanda. While it could signify a project or an information system, the phrasing suggests a rigorous data collection endeavor. The mention of a thematic report implies the availability of structured data related to population size, structure, and distribution. This elevates it beyond a mere title of a project or system since it directly relates to defined datasets. Moreover, relating it to the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda reinforces its status as a credible dataset. A model may have initially flagged it due to its formal naming convention, but once contextualized with its purpose and references, it is clear that it serves as a source of demographic data. The distinction lies primarily in its use as a systematic collection of data rather than just a project or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Rwanda Fourth Population and Housing Census' is considered a dataset because it signifies a structured collection of demographic data, specifically noted in the context of a thematic report highlighting its importance for research and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 25 of 82 73. The project will, to the extent possible, utilize existing government systems and procedures. Districts implement M & E activities under the coordination of LODA and use the LODA-administered Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System ( MEIS ). The MEIS facilitates coordination of social protection planning, household profiling and M & E of projects from grassroots to central level. The system can generate reports with values on key figures and the progress of indicators. While the MEIS is operational and implemented nationally as the central MIS, the level of system utilization varies from district to district due to different levels of technical capacity. The SEIRHCP will build district capacity to use the MEIS. The MINEMA SPIU will receive required project data and information from the districts and consolidate it in the P-MIS. 74. Project M & E arrangements. The MINEMA SPIU will have a dedicated M & E team, which will include ( i ) a Kigali - based National Project M & E Specialist, who will oversee overall M & E implementation; and ( ii ) District field specialists ( embedded in district offices, financed by the project ) to monitor all project activities in the target districts.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 311, + 357, + "named" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 276, + 280, + "Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 360, + 364, + "Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 885, + 897, + "Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will, to the extent possible, utilize existing government systems and procedures. Districts implement M & E activities under the coordination of LODA and use the LODA-administered Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System ( MEIS ). The MEIS facilitates coordination of social protection planning, household profiling and M & E of projects from grassroots to central level.", + "type": "Monitoring and Evaluation System", + "explanation": "The Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System (MEIS) is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating projects, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that facilitates coordination", + "described as LODA-administered", + "does not explicitly indicate it contains structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System' (MEIS) is presented more as an infrastructure or a framework supporting the coordination of various activities, rather than a direct dataset. Although it is referenced in relation to monitoring and evaluation projects, it lacks explicit indications that it is a standalone dataset containing structured data records. Phrases like 'facilitates coordination' and 'administered' indicate it is a system designed for organizing information, which might lead the model to mistake it for a dataset due to its formal title and the context in which it appears. However, it's crucial to distinguish between a system that manages and organizes data and the actual datasets resulting from its output; this context emphasizes the system rather than presenting it as a data source used for quantitative or qualitative analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, the Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System is treated as a system for managing evaluation activities rather than a standalone dataset. It serves as an administrative tool rather than containing data itself. Therefore, it's more accurate to classify it as a system rather than a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 25 of 82 73. The project will, to the extent possible, utilize existing government systems and procedures. Districts implement M & E activities under the coordination of LODA and use the LODA-administered Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System ( MEIS ). The MEIS facilitates coordination of social protection planning, household profiling and M & E of projects from grassroots to central level. The system can generate reports with values on key figures and the progress of indicators. While the MEIS is operational and implemented nationally as the central MIS, the level of system utilization varies from district to district due to different levels of technical capacity. The SEIRHCP will build district capacity to use the MEIS. The MINEMA SPIU will receive required project data and information from the districts and consolidate it in the P-MIS. 74. Project M & E arrangements. The MINEMA SPIU will have a dedicated M & E team, which will include ( i ) a Kigali - based National Project M & E Specialist, who will oversee overall M & E implementation; and ( ii ) District field specialists ( embedded in district offices, financed by the project ) to monitor all project activities in the target districts.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 851, + 862, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The SEIRHCP will build district capacity to use the MEIS. The MINEMA SPIU will receive required project data and information from the districts and consolidate it in the P-MIS. 74.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEMA SPIU refers to a project implementation unit within an organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project implementation unit", + "described as receiving and consolidating project data", + "not presented as a structured collection of data on its own" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MINEMA SPIU' appears to refer to a project implementation unit, rather than an actual dataset. In the provided context, it is described as receiving data from districts and consolidating it into another system (the P-MIS). This suggests that while MINEMA SPIU is involved in data management, it does not operate as a standalone dataset. The phrase 'will receive required project data' indicates that it processes data rather than serves as a repository of structured records. It's common for models to confuse project names or implementation units with datasets, especially when they are framed in a way that could imply data handling ('receives project data'). However, since the context does not clearly identify MINEMA SPIU as a distinct data collection but rather as part of a larger system for data processing, it should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEMA SPIU is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a project implementation unit that handles data rather than being a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 25 of 82 73. The project will, to the extent possible, utilize existing government systems and procedures. Districts implement M & E activities under the coordination of LODA and use the LODA-administered Monitoring, Evaluation, and Information System ( MEIS ). The MEIS facilitates coordination of social protection planning, household profiling and M & E of projects from grassroots to central level. The system can generate reports with values on key figures and the progress of indicators. While the MEIS is operational and implemented nationally as the central MIS, the level of system utilization varies from district to district due to different levels of technical capacity. The SEIRHCP will build district capacity to use the MEIS. The MINEMA SPIU will receive required project data and information from the districts and consolidate it in the P-MIS. 74. Project M & E arrangements. The MINEMA SPIU will have a dedicated M & E team, which will include ( i ) a Kigali - based National Project M & E Specialist, who will oversee overall M & E implementation; and ( ii ) District field specialists ( embedded in district offices, financed by the project ) to monitor all project activities in the target districts.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 959, + 964, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "P-MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "P-MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 885, + 897, + "P-MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The SEIRHCP will build district capacity to use the MEIS. The MINEMA SPIU will receive required project data and information from the districts and consolidate it in the P-MIS. 74.", + "type": "Monitoring Information System", + "explanation": "The P-MIS is a system that consolidates project data and information, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project management tool, not as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'P-MIS' is explicitly described as a management information system that is set to consolidate project data. The context suggests it's more about the infrastructure for managing information rather than a standalone dataset being used for analysis. The previous judgment may have conflated the P-MIS's role as a data consolidator with being a dataset itself. Since it is an information system, it does not directly serve as a dataset that contains specific records or data points for research. The model could be confused because it follows a phrase indicating data usage, and it is capitalized as a proper noun, leading to the assumption that it functions as a dataset when it is more accurately a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "P-MIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is presented as a management information system designed to consolidate data rather than an independent source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 29, + "text": "An overview of project M & E tasks is provided below. Table 5: M & E Tasks Actor Tasks MINEMA \u2022 Data collection and monitoring on component one and component three activities \u2022 Regular reporting on all project components \u2022 Conduct annual surveys by contracting consultants / firms \u2022 Evaluate activities, inform implementation and suggest modifications as needed. \u2022 Use P-MIS for monitoring, data collection and collation / analysis for project components, and reporting to the public and the World Bank. BRD \u2022 Data collection, monitoring and reporting on component two \u2022 Support evaluation of economic opportunity activities. \u2022 Report regularly to MINEMA based on project-specific reporting requirements. Districts \u2022 Support data collection, monitoring and reporting on progress on component one activities, with District field specialist ( project ) support. \u2022 Use existing mechanisms, district planning procedures, and MEIS, to the extent possible, to ensure efficient implementation of project M & E. \u2022 Report regularly to MINEMA based on project-specific reporting requirements. Implementing Partners, Technical Agencies \u2022 Include necessary resources in project implementation to support M & E", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 369, + 374, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 5: M & E Tasks Actor Tasks MINEMA \u2022 Data collection and monitoring on component one and component three activities \u2022 Regular reporting on all project components \u2022 Conduct annual surveys by contracting consultants / firms \u2022 Evaluate activities, inform implementation and suggest modifications as needed. \u2022 Use P-MIS for monitoring, data collection and collation / analysis for project components, and reporting to the public and the World Bank. BRD \u2022 Data collection, monitoring and reporting on component two \u2022 Support evaluation of economic opportunity activities.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "P-MIS refers to a monitoring and information system tool used for data collection and analysis, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Use P-MIS for monitoring, data collection and collation / analysis\u2019", + "described as a monitoring and information system (MIS)", + "mentioned alongside data collection and reporting tasks" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'P-MIS' is clearly framed as a management information system (MIS) used for data collection and analysis, rather than as a dataset itself. The phrase 'Use P-MIS for monitoring, data collection and collation / analysis for project components' indicates that P-MIS is the tool facilitating these activities rather than being the source of the structured data. The surrounding text emphasizes tasks and roles associated with data rather than defining P-MIS as a repository of data. This might confuse models into labeling it as a dataset due to its capitalization and the preceding phrase that suggests it plays a data-related role, ultimately leading to misconceptions about its nature. The absence of descriptions that frame P-MIS as the concrete data source makes it more accurately regarded as infrastructure for data handling.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "P-MIS is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is identified as a monitoring and information system involved in data handling processes rather than being a defined collection of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems. It will be used to gather and consolidate data across the components. It will allow the project to track and report on project-specific data requirements disaggregated by group and sub-group ( refugee, host community, women, children, etc. ). The P-MIS will be housed at the MINEMA SPIU and accessible via a web-based application in project districts and at BRD. The system will be used to ( a ) collect data and information and monitor progress of project activities; and ( b ) generate reports, figures and tables for project M & E. 78. Regular progress monitoring will be complemented by externally-administered surveys to measure progress and effectiveness of activities and to understand beneficiary perceptions of socio-economic inclusion. Periodic technical audits will be carried out to verify infrastructure quality. A baseline study will be conducted during the inception phase and followed up with annual surveys and other assessments, a midterm evaluation, and at project closing, to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of project results.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 119, + 139, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Project-specific MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "Project-specific MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 357, + 391, + "Project-specific MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 456, + 461, + "Project-specific MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The Project-specific MIS is a web-based system designed to gather and consolidate data for monitoring and reporting on project activities, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned in the context of a specific project", + "indicates it is web-based and not duplicating existing systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Project-specific MIS' is clearly identified as a management information system (MIS) designed specifically for the World Bank project focusing on socio-economic inclusion. It is characterized as a web-based, user-friendly platform that centralizes data but does not serve as a primary dataset in itself. The model may have categorized it as a dataset due to terminology that suggests it collects or stores data, combining technical terms typical for datasets with the context of a project. However, the explicit reference to it being a 'system' rather than a 'dataset' indicates that it functions more as an infrastructure or tool designed for data management, rather than a concrete, structured dataset utilized for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Project-specific MIS' is not treated as a dataset here because it explicitly refers to a management information system intended for project data management and reporting, rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems. It will be used to gather and consolidate data across the components. It will allow the project to track and report on project-specific data requirements disaggregated by group and sub-group ( refugee, host community, women, children, etc. ). The P-MIS will be housed at the MINEMA SPIU and accessible via a web-based application in project districts and at BRD. The system will be used to ( a ) collect data and information and monitor progress of project activities; and ( b ) generate reports, figures and tables for project M & E. 78. Regular progress monitoring will be complemented by externally-administered surveys to measure progress and effectiveness of activities and to understand beneficiary perceptions of socio-economic inclusion. Periodic technical audits will be carried out to verify infrastructure quality. A baseline study will be conducted during the inception phase and followed up with annual surveys and other assessments, a midterm evaluation, and at project closing, to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of project results.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 142, + 147, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "P-MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "P-MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 357, + 391, + "P-MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 456, + 461, + "P-MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The P-MIS is a web-based system designed to gather and consolidate data for monitoring and reporting on project-specific data requirements, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as project-specific MIS", + "described as web-based system", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'P-MIS' clearly refers to a management information system (MIS) that is designed to be web-based and user-friendly for a specific project. Although it could potentially contain and manage data, it is primarily described as an infrastructure for management rather than a dataset itself. The use of the term 'MIS' indicates that it is a system rather than a structured collection of data or a dataset. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from P-MIS' or 'this analysis is based on P-MIS' strengthens the interpretation that it is not being presented as a dataset. The previous judgment may have assumed it functions as a dataset because it is related to data collection, but it's important to differentiate between a system that stores data and the actual data sets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "P-MIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described specifically as a project-specific management information system, and there is no indication that it is serving as a data source or collection itself." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems. It will be used to gather and consolidate data across the components. It will allow the project to track and report on project-specific data requirements disaggregated by group and sub-group ( refugee, host community, women, children, etc. ). The P-MIS will be housed at the MINEMA SPIU and accessible via a web-based application in project districts and at BRD. The system will be used to ( a ) collect data and information and monitor progress of project activities; and ( b ) generate reports, figures and tables for project M & E. 78. Regular progress monitoring will be complemented by externally-administered surveys to measure progress and effectiveness of activities and to understand beneficiary perceptions of socio-economic inclusion. Periodic technical audits will be carried out to verify infrastructure quality. A baseline study will be conducted during the inception phase and followed up with annual surveys and other assessments, a midterm evaluation, and at project closing, to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of project results.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 155, + 160, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "P-MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "P-MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 357, + 391, + "P-MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 456, + 461, + "P-MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems. It will be used to gather and consolidate data across the components.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The P-MIS is a web-based system designed to gather and consolidate data for monitoring and reporting on project-specific data requirements, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a project-specific system", + "focus on gathering and consolidating data rather than providing a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'P-MIS' refers to a project-specific management information system designed for data collection and consolidation. Despite its goal being to manage data effectively, it functions primarily as a system rather than as a dataset itself. The context explicitly describes it as a web-based tool that will not duplicate existing systems, emphasizing its role in gathering data rather than serving as a structured dataset. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to its structured nature and the focus on data gathering, especially since it follows the framework of an analytical project. However, because the term does not denote a concrete set of data records but rather a system that handles and organizes data, it is categorized here as not being a dataset. The confusion arises from the presence of technical language and the expectation that systems like these might store datasets, when they often function more broadly as tools for data curation and management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, P-MIS is not considered a dataset because it is described as a management information system rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 26 of 82 77. Project-specific MIS ( P-MIS ). The P-MIS will be web-based and user-friendly and will not duplicate existing systems. It will be used to gather and consolidate data across the components. It will allow the project to track and report on project-specific data requirements disaggregated by group and sub-group ( refugee, host community, women, children, etc. ). The P-MIS will be housed at the MINEMA SPIU and accessible via a web-based application in project districts and at BRD. The system will be used to ( a ) collect data and information and monitor progress of project activities; and ( b ) generate reports, figures and tables for project M & E. 78. Regular progress monitoring will be complemented by externally-administered surveys to measure progress and effectiveness of activities and to understand beneficiary perceptions of socio-economic inclusion. Periodic technical audits will be carried out to verify infrastructure quality. A baseline study will be conducted during the inception phase and followed up with annual surveys and other assessments, a midterm evaluation, and at project closing, to evaluate qualitative and quantitative aspects of project results.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 485, + 490, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "P-MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 74, + 80, + "P-MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 357, + 391, + "P-MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 456, + 461, + "P-MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". The P-MIS will be housed at the MINEMA SPIU and accessible via a web-based application in project districts and at BRD. The system will be used to ( a ) collect data and information and monitor progress of project activities; and ( b ) generate reports, figures and tables for project M & E.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The P-MIS is a web-based system designed to gather and consolidate data for monitoring and reporting on project-specific data requirements, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not referred to as a data source but as a system for collecting and monitoring project data", + "mentioned in the context of being housed at a specific location and generating reports" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'P-MIS' is described explicitly as a management information system that will be used to collect data, monitor project activities, and generate reports. Although it plays a critical role in data handling, the context emphasizes its operational functions rather than presenting it as a dataset. The use of phrases like \u2018will be housed\u2019 and \u2018accessible via a web-based application\u2019 further underscores its role as a system or infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. A model may have been confused because it appears to derive data, and the terminology may suggest it holds records; however, without explicit references to it being a data source for analysis, it should not be categorized as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'P-MIS' is a system designed to collect and manage data but is not being referenced as a dataset itself; it functions more as a tool for data operations rather than a structured collection of data intended directly for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 31, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 27 of 82 positive contribution refugees are making. And finally, the project will support joint implementation mechanisms, including joint cooperatives and businesses through component two activities. IV. PROJECT APPRAISAL SUMMARY A. Economic and Financial Analysis 84. The economic and financial analyses conducted for SEIRHCP demonstrate that the expected overall economic internal rate of return ( IRR ) is 66. 3 percent. 20 The project is utilizing a framework approach, so it is not possible to pre - determine the actual number of the different types of investments. Therefore, the analysis was undertaken based on the expected subproject types. Investments were analyzed over the expected life span of each sub-project. A social discount rate of six percent was used, in accordance with the World Bank guidelines. 21 The cost of capital in Rwanda is estimated at 17 percent as per World Bank data. A ten-year-period average 2. 18 percent USD inflation rate has been used in the analysis ( WDI ). 85.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 426, + 433, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Economic and Financial Analysis 84. The economic and financial analyses conducted for SEIRHCP demonstrate that the expected overall economic internal rate of return ( IRR ) is 66. 3 percent.", + "type": "project", + "explanation": "SEIRHCP refers to a project focused on socio-economic inclusion, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described in the context of economic analysis", + "seems to be a program focused on socio-economic inclusion" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, SEIRHCP appears to be a project that performs economic and financial analyses rather than a specific dataset. The context provided does not mention it as a source of structured data but rather emphasizes the internal rate of return (IRR) stemming from analyses conducted for the project. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on data collected by' contributes to its classification as not being a dataset. The model might have misinterpreted SEIRHCP due to its capitalized format and the potential association of projects with data collection and management. However, without explicit indication of structured data collection or dissemination, it is clear that SEIRHCP is a project rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SEIRHCP is classified as a project focused on economic analysis rather than a dataset due to the lack of reference to structured data or data sources in the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 70, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 66 of 82 The MINEMA-SPIU, BRD, and Districts are the implementing agencies of SEIRHCP. Districts hosting refugee camps have prior experience in implementing projects of a similar nature funded by World Bank and other development partners. The District staff are familiar with the World Bank \u2019 s procurement guidelines but new to the procurement regulations. BRD also has experience in implementing two World-Bank funded projects. MINEMA is not familiar with World Bank procurement guidelines. Thus, tailored training will be offered to MINEMA, BRD and district staff by the World Bank. Based on the assessment the project risk is rated \u2018 Substantial. \u2019 3. STEP. The proposed project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance. There are ongoing initiatives to harmonize STEP with the government \u2019 s e-procurement system, but until this process is complete, both will be used in parallel. 4. Procurement risk assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 762, + 766, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u2019 3. STEP. The proposed project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system used for procurement activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "mentioned as providing data on procurement activities", + "not explicitly identified as a data source but rather a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'STEP' in the provided text is clearly identified as a planning and tracking system, which implies it functions as a tool or infrastructure for managing procurement activities, rather than being a standalone dataset. The phrase 'provides data on procurement activities' indicates that STEP generates or curates data; however, it does not directly indicate that STEP itself is a dataset in the conventional sense. The distinction lies in whether the term is explicitly defined as data or merely described as a system that organizes or tracks data. The confusion for the model likely arises from the use of the word 'data' in its context, giving the impression that STEP may fulfill the role of a dataset, but it is fundamentally a system, not a pure collection of structured records. Therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset in this instance, as it does not serve as an independent source of data but rather as a facilitator of data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' operates as a planning and tracking system rather than a standalone dataset, as it is described primarily in terms of its capabilities in managing procurement data rather than housing structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 70, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 66 of 82 The MINEMA-SPIU, BRD, and Districts are the implementing agencies of SEIRHCP. Districts hosting refugee camps have prior experience in implementing projects of a similar nature funded by World Bank and other development partners. The District staff are familiar with the World Bank \u2019 s procurement guidelines but new to the procurement regulations. BRD also has experience in implementing two World-Bank funded projects. MINEMA is not familiar with World Bank procurement guidelines. Thus, tailored training will be offered to MINEMA, BRD and district staff by the World Bank. Based on the assessment the project risk is rated \u2018 Substantial. \u2019 3. STEP. The proposed project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance. There are ongoing initiatives to harmonize STEP with the government \u2019 s e-procurement system, but until this process is complete, both will be used in parallel. 4. Procurement risk assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 798, + 802, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "STEP. The proposed project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system that provides data on procurement activities, establishes benchmarks, monitors delays, and measures procurement performance. There are ongoing initiatives to harmonize STEP with the government \u2019 s e-procurement system, but until this process is complete, both will be used in parallel.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system for procurement activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "provides data on procurement activities", + "not explicitly referenced as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is clearly identified as a planning and tracking system intended for monitoring procurement activities. While it does provide data, the term is consistently referred to in relation to its functional role rather than as a structured collection of data or a dataset. The phrase 'provides data on procurement activities' indicates that it is a source of information but does not define it as a dataset. This could lead to confusion for extraction models if they misinterpret the mention of data provision as implying that 'STEP' itself qualifies as a dataset. Additionally, the model might be influenced by the formal presentation (capitalized and presented as a proper noun), but the surrounding context clarifies that it refers to an operational system instead of a dataset. Thus, I am drawing the line at recognizing 'STEP' as an infrastructure or tool rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "STEP is identified as a planning and tracking system, not a dataset, since it is described in the context of providing functionality for procurement activities rather than serving as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "076_Rwanda-Socio-Economic-Inclusion-of-Refugees-and-Host-Communities-in-Rwanda-Project", + "page": 71, + "text": "The World Bank Socio-economic Inclusion of Refugees & Host Communities in Rwanda Project ( P164130 ) Page 67 of 82 Procurement Specialist; and ( vi ) a TA specializing in Procurement and contract management to be hired under the project finance. New procurement staff at MINEMA-SPIU, dedicated to the project, will be hired to support procurement functions. The Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System ( PRAMS ) will be finalized in due course. 8. General Project Procurement Profile. Procurement activities envisaged through the project are broadly grouped into: ( i ) construction works of schools, roads, health centers, market facilities, environmental rehabilitation and access to water supply, implemented by the MINEMA-SPIU and districts; ( ii ) capacity-building training and mentoring related to economic opportunity activities, implemented by BRD; ( iii ) procurement of goods for capacity building, implemented by BRD; and ( iv ) capacity-building for implementing agencies, hiring of staff, communication strategy, refugee integration, grievance redress mechanisms, etc., implemented by MINEMA. All these activities are packaged duly considering factors like geographic spread ( regions ) and similarity of requirements, and capacity of potential contractors / market players.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 362, + 411, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "New procurement staff at MINEMA-SPIU, dedicated to the project, will be hired to support procurement functions. The Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System ( PRAMS ) will be finalized in due course. 8.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System (PRAMS) is a system used for managing procurement risks, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system", + "not described as containing structured records", + "follows a project description" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the term 'Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System' refers explicitly to a system intended for managing procurement risks, rather than a dataset from which data is drawn for analysis. The surrounding text emphasizes hiring dedicated staff for procurement functions, indicating a focus on operational aspects of the project rather than on data collection. The term 'system' itself suggests an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset, and there is no indication that it contains structured records or serves as a data source for analysis. The confusion may arise because the term is capitalized and could seemingly be treated as a proper noun, which often signals a dataset. However, without explicit mention of data usage, it is clear that it functions as a system, not a dataset. Therefore, I conclude that it does not constitute a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mentioned term is not a dataset but rather a management system designed for procurement risk evaluation; it is not presented as a source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 22, + "text": "Subproject proposals identified for implementation by Business Gozars shall be aligned with national public 11 Facilitating Partners means international and / or national non \u2010 governmental organizations and agencies that will assist the CDCs, GAs, and BGAs with the preparation and implementation of subprojects. 12 The coverage is expected to be close to 90 percent of the city if using the Afghanistan \u2019 s National Statistics and Information Authority ( NSIA, 2018 ) urban population figures, which shows that there are 1, 210 communities in these urban areas. However, data from UN \u2010 Habitat \u2019 s \u2018 State of Afghan Cities \u2019 report ( SoAC 2015, updated 2017 ), shows that there are around 2, 035 communities. Saturation beyond 1, 160 CDCs in the cities can be carried out under CCAP as more resources are made available. 13 Community Development Council is a community \u2010 based decision \u2010 making body that includes a chairperson, vice \u2010 chairperson, secretary, and treasurer, and is responsible for, inter alia, preparing Community Development Plans and Sub \u2010 Project proposals, and for the implementation and management of subprojects.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 602, + 624, + "named" + ], + [ + 393, + 404, + "State of Afghan Cities <> data geography" + ], + [ + 583, + 595, + "State of Afghan Cities <> publisher" + ], + [ + 641, + 645, + "State of Afghan Cities <> publication year" + ], + [ + 655, + 659, + "State of Afghan Cities <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "12 The coverage is expected to be close to 90 percent of the city if using the Afghanistan \u2019 s National Statistics and Information Authority ( NSIA, 2018 ) urban population figures, which shows that there are 1, 210 communities in these urban areas. However, data from UN \u2010 Habitat \u2019 s \u2018 State of Afghan Cities \u2019 report ( SoAC 2015, updated 2017 ), shows that there are around 2, 035 communities. Saturation beyond 1, 160 CDCs in the cities can be carried out under CCAP as more resources are made available.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The 'State of Afghan Cities' report contains structured data regarding urban communities in Afghanistan, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data from'", + "described as a report containing structured data", + "provides figures on communities", + "related to urban population statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'State of Afghan Cities' refers explicitly to a report from UN-Habitat that presents structured data regarding urban communities in Afghanistan. The phrase 'data from UN-Habitat\u2019s \u2018State of Afghan Cities\u2019 report' indicates that the report is being used as a source of information for the analysis. This suggests that the report is functioning as more than just an informational item or project name; it is a source from which data is extracted and utilized in the analysis. The extraction model could confuse this term as a dataset because it is capitalized as a proper noun, appears after 'data from', and provides specific statistics about communities, thereby indicating that it serves as a dataset in this instance. There's clear intent in the text to show that this report serves a data-focused purpose, which reinforces the view that it acts as a dataset and not merely as a project name or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'State of Afghan Cities' report is used as a data source in this context, providing structured information on urban communities, which validates its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 27, + "text": "The World Bank Afghanistan: Eshteghal Zaiee - Karmondena ( EZ-Kar ) ( P166127 ) Page 20 of 85 committee ( PSC ) and IAs. This subcomponent will also finance operational planning; capacity building; management information and reporting systems; support the rapid selection of Business Gozar sub \u2010 projects under Component 2. 2; grievance redress mechanisms ( GRM ); human resource management; communications; donor and field coordination; financial management ( FM ) and procurement functions; and safeguards oversight. C. Project Beneficiaries 42. The EZ \u2010 Kar project will reach Afghan refugees living in Pakistan and Afghans in cities such as Jalalabad ( Nangarhar Province ), Kabul ( Kabul Province ), Kandahar ( Kandahar Province ), Herat ( Herat Province ), Puli Khumri ( Baghlan Province ), Maimana ( Faryab Province ), Firozkoh ( Ghor Province ), Khost ( Khost Province ), Asadabad ( Kunar Province ), Kunduz ( Kunduz Province ), Mihtarlam ( Laghman Province ), Taloqan ( Takar Province ) and Paroon ( Nuristan ). These cities have been selected based on the influx of returnees and IDPs with data from GoIRA ( National Statistics and Information Authority: NSIA ) sources. ( Additional cities can be added if additional financial resources are made available ) ( see Annex 8 for the population figures ). 43.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1110, + 1115, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The EZ \u2010 Kar project will reach Afghan refugees living in Pakistan and Afghans in cities such as Jalalabad ( Nangarhar Province ), Kabul ( Kabul Province ), Kandahar ( Kandahar Province ), Herat ( Herat Province ), Puli Khumri ( Baghlan Province ), Maimana ( Faryab Province ), Firozkoh ( Ghor Province ), Khost ( Khost Province ), Asadabad ( Kunar Province ), Kunduz ( Kunduz Province ), Mihtarlam ( Laghman Province ), Taloqan ( Takar Province ) and Paroon ( Nuristan ). These cities have been selected based on the influx of returnees and IDPs with data from GoIRA ( National Statistics and Information Authority: NSIA ) sources. ( Additional cities can be added if additional financial resources are made available ) ( see Annex 8 for the population figures ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "GoIRA refers to the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018data from\u2019 phrase", + "described as associated with National Statistics and Information Authority", + "refers to an organization rather than a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GoIRA is mentioned as the source of data related to demographic statistics, likely indicating that it refers to the governmental authority responsible for national statistics rather than a specific dataset. The phrase 'data from GoIRA' suggests a reliance on the organization for statistical information rather than implying that GoIRA itself is a database or dataset. This distinction is crucial: while organizational names can sometimes represent a dataset if they manage data collections, here it functions more as a reference to an authority or a framework governing data collection rather than a discrete, structured collection of data. The model might have been confused by 'data from' preceding GoIRA, interpreting it as a data source. However, it is clear that GoIRA is best understood as the entity producing or managing data, not housing it in a dataset-like format.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GoIRA is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a governmental organization that oversees statistics rather than a specific structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 31, + "text": "The World Bank Afghanistan: Eshteghal Zaiee - Karmondena ( EZ-Kar ) ( P166127 ) Page 24 of 85 management reporting system to monitor physical and financial progress; ( iv ) low budget credibility due to weak planning process; ( v ) limited scope and coverage of internal audit as well as poor quality of audit reports; and ( vi ) non \u2010 compliance with external audit recommendations. To mitigate the risk and strengthen FM capacity, time bound mitigation measures have been agreed with the implementing agencies. The financial management risk will be reassessed once the mitigation measures are in place. 57. The project FM arrangements rely on the country systems. GoIRA budgeting processes will apply, and the project \u2019 s budget will be a part of GoIRA \u2019 s annual budget. The accounting records will be maintained at the central level by MOF in Afghanistan Financial Management Information System ( AFMIS ) based on M16s and the FM department in MoFA, KMDP, IDLG \u2010 Deputy Ministry for Municipalities ( DMM ) and MoFA will maintain detailed subsidiary records. The FM Manual ( FMM ) for ARTF and IDA projects has been developed that will be adopted for EZ \u2010 Kar. The FMM provides an elaborate FM and internal control framework that is acceptable to the World Bank.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 847, + 898, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Afghanistan Financial Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "Afghanistan Financial Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 847, + 858, + "Afghanistan Financial Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 901, + 906, + "Afghanistan Financial Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1254, + 1264, + "Afghanistan Financial Management Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "GoIRA budgeting processes will apply, and the project \u2019 s budget will be a part of GoIRA \u2019 s annual budget. The accounting records will be maintained at the central level by MOF in Afghanistan Financial Management Information System ( AFMIS ) based on M16s and the FM department in MoFA, KMDP, IDLG \u2010 Deputy Ministry for Municipalities ( DMM ) and MoFA will maintain detailed subsidiary records. The FM Manual ( FMM ) for ARTF and IDA projects has been developed that will be adopted for EZ \u2010 Kar.", + "type": "financial management information system", + "explanation": "The Afghanistan Financial Management Information System is a structured collection of financial data used for monitoring and reporting purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source", + "primarily focuses on maintaining accounting records", + "mentioned alongside various organizational entities that implement the system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'Afghanistan Financial Management Information System' is clearly described as an information system used for maintaining accounting records, rather than a standalone dataset. The text focuses on how different ministries and projects utilize AFMIS to manage and report financial data, indicating its role as infrastructure rather than the primary source of structured data. The model may have confused it for a dataset because it is mentioned after phrases about budgeting processes and accounting records, which could imply that it contains financial data. However, since it serves as a system that houses and processes data rather than being a concrete dataset itself, I conclude that it should not be considered a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Afghanistan Financial Management Information System is described as an infrastructure for maintaining financial records, not as a dataset, which is why it isn't classified as such in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 56, + "text": "The World Bank Afghanistan: Eshteghal Zaiee - Karmondena ( EZ-Kar ) ( P166127 ) Page 49 of 85 value may be set by the mid \u2010 term review by when there will be more information from implementation. Of which through Priority Projects in Kabul Number of businesses that are provided with access to ICT services through Priority Projects in Kabul Municipality. Target value for this indicator is currently set at \u2018 0 \u2019, since this Project takes on a demand \u2010 driven approach and the types and numbers of subprojects to be implemented under the Project cannot / should not be predetermined, as it will not be accurate. The target value may be set by the mid \u2010 term review by when there will be more information from implementation. Semi \u2010 annually Project MIS ( KMDP MIS ) Nahia level administrative data, quarterly progress reports, evaluation KM PIU Of which through Priority Projects in the four cities of Herat, Kandahar, Khost, and Jalalabad Number of businesses that are provided with access to ICT services through Priority Projects in Herat, Kandahar, Khost, and Jalalabad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 742, + 753, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Project MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 800, + 826, + "Project MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 903, + 908, + "Project MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 910, + 918, + "Project MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1042, + "Project MIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The target value may be set by the mid \u2010 term review by when there will be more information from implementation. Semi \u2010 annually Project MIS ( KMDP MIS ) Nahia level administrative data, quarterly progress reports, evaluation KM PIU Of which through Priority Projects in the four cities of Herat, Kandahar, Khost, and Jalalabad Number of businesses that are provided with access to ICT services through Priority Projects in Herat, Kandahar, Khost, and Jalalabad.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "Project MIS refers to a management information system that collects and organizes data related to the project's implementation, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "follows administrative data and progress reports", + "described more as a system for collecting data rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' refers to a management information system, which is designed to collect and organize data but is not an interpreted dataset itself. The phrase appears alongside terms like 'administrative data' and 'quarterly progress reports', indicating that it functions primarily to aggregate and manage these data sources rather than serving as a separate analytical dataset. The model might have confused this for a dataset mention due to the term 'MIS' being indicative of structured data management; however, the surrounding language does not frame it as an analytical dataset directly utilized in further analysis, thus demonstrating a common ambiguity with project management systems. It highlights how systems can store data, yet their role might be broader than merely housing datasets for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Project MIS' functions as a management information system, not a standalone dataset. It serves to manage and organize data rather than providing a direct dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 61, + "text": "MoEC \u2010 PIU Percentage of complaints / grievances resolved following agreed EZ \u2010 Kar service standards The number of project related complaints or grievances resolved in accordance with EZ \u2010 Kar Semi \u2010 annually GRM Systems Administrative data collected through GRM systems MoEC \u2010 PIU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 210, + 221, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoEC \u2010 PIU Percentage of complaints / grievances resolved following agreed EZ \u2010 Kar service standards The number of project related complaints or grievances resolved in accordance with EZ \u2010 Kar Semi \u2010 annually GRM Systems Administrative data collected through GRM systems MoEC \u2010 PIU", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GRM Systems refers to a system for managing grievances and complaints, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a system for managing grievances and complaints", + "not enumerated alongside other datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GRM Systems' is explicitly referenced in relation to administrative data collected through the systems, which indicates that it functions as a tool for gathering and managing grievances rather than being a distinct dataset itself. The phrase 'through GRM systems' suggests that it serves as an infrastructure for data management rather than containing data that is analyzed independently. There are no phrases indicating that it is a source of structured datasets, and 'GRM Systems' lacks context that would frame it as a dataset, such as being employed in analyses or listed alongside traditional data sources. The model might have been misled by the capitalization and potentially the mention of data collection, as it aligns with common naming conventions that could resemble a dataset. However, the lack of explicit indication that it is treated as a standalone data source supports the conclusion that it should not be categorized as a dataset in this specific instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GRM Systems refers to a system for managing grievances and complaints rather than serving as a standalone dataset; therefore, it is not classified as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 77, + "text": "Project progress will be monitored based on the project results framework and where relevant and possible, progress against indicators will be disaggregated by internally displaced people / returnees ( IDP / R ) and gender. MoEC will hire an M & E Specialist to oversee the monitoring, reporting, and coordination of project monitoring activities implemented across components as well as with the implementing agencies of partner projects, including CIP, KMDP, and CCAP. Under Component 1, MoFA will be using the database for processing passport applications to track data on related indicators. The inquiry cases attended to by information centers and helplines will also be logged and monitored through an M & E system. Under Component 2, the CCAP MCCG has a functional M & E MIS platform, which will be updated and used for the EZ \u2010 Kar activities. Similarly, the M & E system used by CIP and KMDP will be used to track the indicators for Components 3 and 4 respectively. At the project level, MoEC will develop a simple MIS, that will be fed by data provided by the MISs of other implementing agencies. The simple project \u2010 level MIS will allow MoEC to consolidate and generate reports based on data fed by the implementing agencies \u2019 MISs and periodic reports to be submitted to MoEC. 15. MoEC on a sample basis will conduct site visits of the project activities in the municipalities to verify that IAs are reporting correctly. The reports from the IAs and site visits will be gathered on a monthly basis, which will be entered into the project Management Information System ( MIS ) that will be managed by MoEC. The MIS will be used to generate Quarterly Progress Reports ( QPRs ) that will be shared with the World Bank. 16. The project will conduct rapid assessments to capture qualitative details and unintended consequences of project implementation and recommend measures for course correction. Assessments will be carried out by the M & E Unit under Component 5, while the IAs can also conduct their own assessments under their respective components.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1543, + 1580, + "named" + ], + [ + 160, + 199, + "project Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 224, + 228, + "project Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1149, + 1153, + "project Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1284, + 1288, + "project Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1294, + 1298, + "project Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1613, + 1617, + "project Management Information System <> author" + ], + [ + 1717, + 1727, + "project Management Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MoEC on a sample basis will conduct site visits of the project activities in the municipalities to verify that IAs are reporting correctly. The reports from the IAs and site visits will be gathered on a monthly basis, which will be entered into the project Management Information System ( MIS ) that will be managed by MoEC. The MIS will be used to generate Quarterly Progress Reports ( QPRs ) that will be shared with the World Bank.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The project Management Information System (MIS) is a structured collection of data used to track project indicators and generate reports, thus qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a system but not a data source", + "used to generate reports but not referenced as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'project Management Information System (MIS)' specifically identifies a system that is utilized for managing project data but does not serve as a standalone dataset itself. The text makes it clear that the system is involved in generating reports and managing information, but it lacks the definition or mention as a dataset that houses or serves structured records for analysis. The earlier reasoning may have conflated the system's functional role with that of a dataset due to the structured data association, but this MIS acts more as an infrastructure or tool rather than a data repository. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from the MIS' or direct references to it containing datasets reinforces the idea that it operates more as a facilitator for project management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'project Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is described as a management tool that supports reporting but does not indicate that it serves as a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "078_Afghanistan-Eshteghal-Zaiee-Karmondena-EZ-Kar-Project", + "page": 82, + "text": "In case of conflict / contradiction between the World Bank \u2019 s procurement procedures and any national rules and regulations, the World Bank \u2019 s procurement procedures will take precedence according to the Article 4 ( 2 ) of the Procurement Law of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan dated 27 / 06 / 1396 ( September 17, 2016 ) published in the Official Gazette No. 1223. 16. Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ) and procurement planning: The project will implement STEP, a World Bank planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities and establish benchmarks. The Procurement Plan will be prepared in STEP and the same will be updated in agreement with the project team annually or as required to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity. 17. Afghanistan Civil Services Commission in coordination with NPA recently completed mass recruitment of procurement staff for almost all budget entities. MoEC, KM, and IDLG are among the agencies where newly hired individuals are deployed. Almost all the procurement staff of these procurement department are new, and they are less familiar with complex procurement and are also not familiar with World Bank procurement regulations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 486, + 490, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16. Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ) and procurement planning: The project will implement STEP, a World Bank planning and tracking system, which will provide data on procurement activities and establish benchmarks. The Procurement Plan will be prepared in STEP and the same will be updated in agreement with the project team annually or as required to reflect the actual project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system used by the World Bank, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a planning and tracking system", + "mentioned as a World Bank system rather than a data source", + "focus on project implementation needs and improvements in institutional capacity" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'STEP' is explicitly described as a planning and tracking system related to procurement, which indicates its role as an infrastructure or framework rather than a discrete dataset. Although it is associated with providing data on procurement activities, it does not function as a standalone dataset for analysis; rather, it serves as a tool to manage and report such data. This delineation matters because while STEP may house data, it is not seen as the primary source of structured records in the same way that a dataset would be utilized for research. The confusion for the model could arise from the phrase 'will provide data on procurement activities,' which might give the impression that it can be treated as a dataset, but the overall context clarifies its nature as a system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "STEP is a planning and tracking system, not a concrete dataset. It focuses on managing procurement-related information and does not represent a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 11, + "text": "Livestock have limited access to pastures; low crop yields are increasing food insecurity, with negative implications for health and education outcomes; and conflicts over access to land and water between herders and farmers are recurrent and intensifying due to the combined effects of climate change and population pressures. The regionalization of the terrorist threat posed by Boko Haram has further disrupted Chad \u2019 s economy, trade with its neighbors and the overall fiscal situation, given the significant investment by the Government of Chad in regional security initiatives. This investment is primarily in the form of increased participation of the Chadian armed forces in internationally supported military efforts against Boko Haram, including the Joint Multinational Force and the G5 Sahel Cross-Border Joint Force. 2 3. The 2015 Chad Systematic Country Diagnostic ( SCD ) found that Chad \u2019 s high rate of monetary poverty is accompanied by very low human development indicators. 3 Chad ranks 184th out of 187 countries in the 2014 Human Development Indicators Index. Average schooling was just 1. 5 years in 2009. The adult literacy rate was 22 percent and the literacy rate for women was half that of men. In 2015-2016, the primary school completion rate stood at 45. 5 percent, while more than half of school-age children were not enrolled in school.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 843, + 877, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 3. The 2015 Chad Systematic Country Diagnostic ( SCD ) found that Chad \u2019 s high rate of monetary poverty is accompanied by very low human development indicators. 3 Chad ranks 184th out of 187 countries in the 2014 Human Development Indicators Index.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The Chad Systematic Country Diagnostic is a report that analyzes the country's economic and social conditions, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project or diagnostic report", + "describes findings rather than serving as a data source", + "does not indicate it is structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Chad Systematic Country Diagnostic', it becomes clear that this is not a dataset in the traditional sense but rather a report that summarizes findings regardingChad's socio-economic conditions. The context indicates that it is examining indicators of poverty and development and does not present itself as a structured collection of data that can be extracted or analyzed as a dataset. Confusion might arise because reports like these often reference data, but they encapsulate analysis rather than serving as a source of raw data or databases. It could also be interpreted as a system for diagnostic purposes, but in this case, the context does not support that interpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Chad Systematic Country Diagnostic' is not a dataset; it is a report analyzing economic and social conditions, which does not provide structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 18, + "text": "Refugee protection and assistance programs are integrated and reflected in the UNDAF. Under the leadership of the UN Resident Coordinator and the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ( OCHA ) \u2014 which coordinates implementation of the HRP \u2014 UN agencies such as UNHCR, the WFP, and UNICEF have provided the bulk of assistance to refugees, IDPs, and to a lesser extent to host communities. The US Government and ECHO are also providing substantial additional funding for humanitarian interventions through NGOs. 17. To provide targeted support to poor and vulnerable Chadians, the Government has taken steps to develop a safety net system that is also suitable for the inclusion of refugees. Under the World Bank / Multi-Donor Trust Fund ( MDTF ) - funded PFS, the Government of Chad established the Cellule Filets Sociaux ( CFS ) in 2016 to manage its safety net programs, particularly cash transfers and cash-for-work schemes. A Unified Social Registry ( USR ) is also being developed, with the aim of combining information from selected social programs funded by the Government and external partners into a single database. The CFS is implementing the project using a flexible approach to identification, targeting and registration of poor and vulnerable households.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 943, + 966, + "named" + ], + [ + 714, + 724, + "Unified Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 791, + 795, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 846, + 850, + "Unified Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 969, + 972, + "Unified Social Registry <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Under the World Bank / Multi-Donor Trust Fund ( MDTF ) - funded PFS, the Government of Chad established the Cellule Filets Sociaux ( CFS ) in 2016 to manage its safety net programs, particularly cash transfers and cash-for-work schemes. A Unified Social Registry ( USR ) is also being developed, with the aim of combining information from selected social programs funded by the Government and external partners into a single database. The CFS is implementing the project using a flexible approach to identification, targeting and registration of poor and vulnerable households.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data aimed at combining information from various social programs into a single database, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a single database combining information from social programs", + "project mentioned alongside its purpose to manage data", + "focus on structured collection of data for targeting and identification purposes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Unified Social Registry' explicitly references a single database designed to integrate data from various social programs, giving it definitive attributes of a dataset. The context indicates that the registry is part of a project aimed at improving effective targeting and identification of vulnerable households for social assistance\u2014a clear data-driven purpose. Although there is some potential confusion due to its mention in conjunction with broader project-related language, the emphasis on its function as a database solidifies its classification as a dataset. In contrast, it does not merely serve as a general project name or system; there is a clear link to a structured collection of information rather than a passive data storage platform. Hence, it behaves as a dataset in this specific context, justified by its described purpose and operational details.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Unified Social Registry' refers specifically to a structured database aimed at consolidating various social program data, indicating it is a dataset rather than just a project or informational system." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 18, + "text": "The objective is to have in place a highly adaptable system that can be scaled up to respond to urgent situations, such a sudden inflow of refugees, that impacts host communities. 18 17 The 2017-2021 National Development Plan ( NDP ) is the Government of Chad \u2019 s first five-year strategy. It aims at supporting the Government \u2019 s longer-term development strategy, Chad 2030 Vision. 18 As part of the combined efforts to assist the Government in building a shock-responsive social protection system, many WFP, ECHO and UNHCR partners ( NGOs ) are using the harmonized questionnaire during the lean season. The harmonized questionnaire was introduced by Government Decree 038 / PR / PM / MEPD / SE / SG / DGEP / 2017 dated September 23, 2017 and it is the first step toward building a Unified Social Registry ( USR ). Currently the Government, through the Cellule Filets Sociaux, is moving towards finalizing the USR manual and procuring all necessary hardware ( servers, mainframes ) and software to establish the registry. It is envisaged that a USR unit will eventually be created within the Government.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 784, + 807, + "named" + ], + [ + 255, + 259, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 711, + 715, + "Unified Social Registry <> publication year" + ], + [ + 722, + 740, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference year" + ], + [ + 810, + 813, + "Unified Social Registry <> acronym" + ], + [ + 855, + 877, + "Unified Social Registry <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "18 As part of the combined efforts to assist the Government in building a shock-responsive social protection system, many WFP, ECHO and UNHCR partners ( NGOs ) are using the harmonized questionnaire during the lean season. The harmonized questionnaire was introduced by Government Decree 038 / PR / PM / MEPD / SE / SG / DGEP / 2017 dated September 23, 2017 and it is the first step toward building a Unified Social Registry ( USR ). Currently the Government, through the Cellule Filets Sociaux, is moving towards finalizing the USR manual and procuring all necessary hardware ( servers, mainframes ) and software to establish the registry.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data intended to support social protection systems and assist in managing information related to social services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a step toward building a registry", + "referred to in the context of hardware and software procurement", + "described as part of a social protection system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Unified Social Registry' is presented more as a project or an initiative aimed at developing a structured information system rather than an established dataset. The text emphasizes the process towards finalizing the registry, which suggests that it is still a work in progress rather than a concrete data source. The mention of procuring hardware and software further indicates that this term refers to a project infrastructure aimed at collecting and managing data, rather than being an immediate dataset that is used for analysis. Signs that could confuse a model include the term's capitalization and its sequential relationship to data collection efforts, which could imply it is a dataset. However, without a clear reference to it as an existing data source, it leans towards being seen as a developing project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Unified Social Registry' is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is described more as an initiative under development rather than an established collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 20, + "text": "The two refugee projects share similar objectives and the same rationale for integrated and long-term support to refugees and host communities. The two operations are the World Bank \u2019 s first contributions to operationalizing the Sahel Alliance and to engaging in the Lake Chad region, which will include an FY2019 Lake Chad Regional Recovery Project. II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. Project Development Objective PDO Statement 22. The Project Development Objectives are to improve access of refugees and host communities to basic services, livelihoods, and safety nets, and strengthen country systems to manage refugees. PDO Level Indicators \u2022 Beneficiaries with improved access to community infrastructure ( health and education ) ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR ( total and females ). 20 These projects include: Additional Financing Education Sector Reform Project Phase II ( P163740 ); Emergency Food and Livestock Crisis Response Project ( P151215 ); Mother and Child Health Services Strengthening Project ( P148052 ); and Climate Resilient Agriculture and Productivity Enhancement Project ( P162956 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 890, + 913, + "named" + ], + [ + 171, + 181, + "Unified Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 268, + 284, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 640, + 653, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 763, + 776, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 842, + 855, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Project Development Objectives are to improve access of refugees and host communities to basic services, livelihoods, and safety nets, and strengthen country systems to manage refugees. PDO Level Indicators \u2022 Beneficiaries with improved access to community infrastructure ( health and education ) ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Beneficiaries of social safety net programs ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry ( total, females, and refugees ) \u2022 Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR ( total and females ). 20 These projects include: Additional Financing Education Sector Reform Project Phase II ( P163740 ); Emergency Food and Livestock Crisis Response Project ( P151215 ); Mother and Child Health Services Strengthening Project ( P148052 ); and Climate Resilient Agriculture and Productivity Enhancement Project ( P162956 ).", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data that tracks beneficiaries for social safety net programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a source for beneficiaries in programs", + "described in the context of tracking beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Unified Social Registry' appears to function as a structured data source specifically intended to track beneficiaries for social safety net programs. It is associated with performance indicators that concern the access of various groups (including total, females, and refugees) to community services, which suggests that it serves a defined role in managing and utilizing data for project objectives. Moreover, the term is presented alongside specific quantitative assessments and performance indicators, reinforcing its identity as a dataset rather than merely a project or information system. There could be potential confusion because it might resemble a project name or management system at first glance. However, the surrounding text positions it firmly within the realm of data collection and reporting, clarifying its role as a dataset. The model likely identified it in association with data usage but misjudged its more nuanced role as a structured data source rather than a broader project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Unified Social Registry' is considered a dataset in this context because it is used to track beneficiaries for social safety net initiatives and is mentioned as a source for various performance indicators, indicating it sustains structured data records relevant to the project\u2019s objectives." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 29, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 24 Box 4. Collaboration with the EU-funded DIZA The project is closely aligned with the Inclusive Development Program in Hosting Areas ( Programme de D\u00e9veloppement Inclusif dans les Zones d ' Accueil, DIZA ) funded by the EU. This EUR 15 million program is being developed jointly by the EU Delegation and ECHO in Chad and will be implemented by two NGO consortia in refugee hosting areas in the South and East of Chad. The overall objective for this three-year program is to improve the living conditions of local populations, refugees and returnees in hosting areas through support for inclusive local development. DIZA subscribes to the same principles of engagement as the Bank project in order to ensure alignment on areas of intervention and their modalities: \u2022 Targeting beneficiaries based on the same harmonized questionnaire \u2022 Including beneficiaries in the same national database ( Unified Social Registry ) \u2022 Using the Government \u2019 s norms and standards in rehabilitating and building basic service infrastructure as well as the provision of services \u2022 Supporting a phased transition from humanitarian interventions to development programs that benefit refugees and host communities \u2022 Aiming to harmonize the level of cash transfer benefits to poor households.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 978, + 1001, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 399, + 403, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 613, + 621, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 863, + 876, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 932, + 945, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The overall objective for this three-year program is to improve the living conditions of local populations, refugees and returnees in hosting areas through support for inclusive local development. DIZA subscribes to the same principles of engagement as the Bank project in order to ensure alignment on areas of intervention and their modalities: \u2022 Targeting beneficiaries based on the same harmonized questionnaire \u2022 Including beneficiaries in the same national database ( Unified Social Registry ) \u2022 Using the Government \u2019 s norms and standards in rehabilitating and building basic service infrastructure as well as the provision of services \u2022 Supporting a phased transition from humanitarian interventions to development programs that benefit refugees and host communities \u2022 Aiming to harmonize the level of cash transfer benefits to poor households.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data used to identify and manage beneficiaries for social programs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside a known database concept", + "mentioned as part of program objectives and beneficiary targeting", + "described in the context of aligning with project engagement principles" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Unified Social Registry' appears as part of the project's methodology for targeting beneficiaries rather than as a standalone dataset. Although it may contain records and data about beneficiaries, the phrasing suggests that it functions more as a central database or infrastructure that is utilized for broader program objectives. The use of the term 'national database' implies it is a system rather than just a collection of data or a dataset per se. Given that it is presented in the context of providing support for local development and aligning with project strategies, its role seems more administrative than analytical. The confusion might arise because it has characteristics of datasets, such as holding records, but it is contextually described in a way that supports its function as a tool for interaction and engagement rather than purely a source of data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "While the 'Unified Social Registry' could potentially contain data, in this specific context it acts more as a system or project component for managing beneficiaries, rather than being treated as a distinct dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 40 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name DLI Baseline End Target 2019 2024 ( Percentage ) Strengthening country systems to support refugees and host communities Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80. 00 Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Female ( Percentage ) 0. 00 52. 00 Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Refugees ( Percentage ) 0. 00 30. 00 Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR ( Percentage ) 10. 00 70. 00 Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR - - Female ( Percentage ) 30. 00 52. 00 PDO Table SPACE Intermediate Results Indicators by Components RESULT_FRAME_TBL_IO Indicator Name DLI Baseline End Target 2019 2024 Improving access to basic services Geo-referenced health and education sector facility mapping in targeted areas completed ( Yes / No ) No Yes Communities consulted for basic services needs assessment and targeting validation ( Percentage ) 0. 00 90. 00 Classrooms rehabilitated or newly built ( Number ) 42. 00 420. 00 Health centers rehabilitated or newly built ( Number ) 9. 00 70. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 292, + 315, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 214, + 222, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 244, + 257, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 531, + 539, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 577, + 585, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 664, + 672, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1287, + 1305, + "Unified Social Registry <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 40 RESULT_FRAME_TBL_PDO Indicator Name DLI Baseline End Target 2019 2024 ( Percentage ) Strengthening country systems to support refugees and host communities Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry ( Percentage ) 0. 00 80.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about beneficiaries in targeted areas, making it a dataset used for analysis and support of refugees and host communities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'included in the Unified Social Registry'", + "described as containing information about beneficiaries", + "comes from a project focusing on structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Unified Social Registry' is presented as part of a project aimed at supporting refugees and host communities. The language used indicates that this registry is specifically utilized to monitor and provide data about beneficiaries, which aligns with how datasets are typically described. The phrase 'beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry' suggests that the registry is a structured collection of records relevant to the project's goals. Therefore, it does behave like a dataset here, as it serves a concrete purpose in data analysis regarding the project's indicators. The potential confusion may arise due to its name sounding like it could be a management information system or project name, but the context explicitly defines it as a source for definite data on beneficiaries.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Unified Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this case as it is specified as a source containing relevant structured records about beneficiaries for the project's analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 44 Beneficiaries with improved access to community infrastructure ( health and education ) - - Refugees Beneficiaries of social safety net programs Quarterly For baseline, source is WFP and UNHCR data. Number of safety nets program beneficiaries includes number of refugee households r eceiving cash assistance from humanitarian agencies in targeted areas. The CFS is launching a baseline study which will help to confirm baseline numbers, to be reviewed at MTR. Data will be collected from the program MIS ( see further information below ) and also from humanitarian agencies working in targeted areas. CFS regional offices prepare reports based on registration and payments. Reports are quarterly and consolidated centrally by the CFS. They are then presented to the Steering Committee and the World Bank. At the end of the year ( December ) a final report consolidates data of the previous quarters.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 588, + 591, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 19, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 350, + 368, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 465, + 479, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 689, + 692, + "MIS <> author" + ], + [ + 881, + 891, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1003, + 1021, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The CFS is launching a baseline study which will help to confirm baseline numbers, to be reviewed at MTR. Data will be collected from the program MIS ( see further information below ) and also from humanitarian agencies working in targeted areas. CFS regional offices prepare reports based on registration and payments.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to the program's beneficiaries and activities.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system (MIS)", + "not explicitly treated as a data source", + "mentioned only as part of data collection context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers specifically to a management information system rather than a dataset. The text indicates that the data collected will come from this system, but it does not directly present 'MIS' as a dataset in itself. The use of 'MIS' suggests it serves as a tool for data management, rather than representing a concrete body of data that can be analyzed on its own. The model might have labeled it as a dataset due to its close placement after 'collect data from', which typically signals a data source. However, the nature of management information systems means they primarily serve to structure and manage data collections rather than being standalone datasets. This distinction could lead to confusion, especially as 'MIS' is capitalized and identified in a way that resembles other dataset references.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not a dataset; it functions as a management information system used for data collection rather than a standalone source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 52, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 47 committee and the World Bank. Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Female Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Refugees Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR Every six months. CNARR CNARR, in consultation with UNHCR, will provide a bi-annual report to CFS on the number of eligible refugees receiving an ID, to be measured against total number of refugees. CNARR and CFS. Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR - - Female ME PDO Table SPACE Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Definition / Description Frequency Datasource Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Geo-referenced health and education sector facility mapping in targeted areas completed Yearly. CFS - CNARR - Ministry of Health - Ministry of Education - CFS will hire a firm to carry out a geo - referencing of all facilities in project areas in the first year of CFS", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 166, + 189, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Unified Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 106, + 116, + "Unified Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 194, + 200, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 277, + 285, + "Unified Social Registry <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 47 committee and the World Bank. Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Female Beneficiaries in targeted areas included in the Unified Social Registry - - Refugees Eligible refugees with identity documents issued by CNARR Every six months. CNARR CNARR, in consultation with UNHCR, will provide a bi-annual report to CFS on the number of eligible refugees receiving an ID, to be measured against total number of refugees.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data that includes information about beneficiaries, making it a dataset used for analysis and monitoring.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018includes\u2019", + "described as a registry that stores information about beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Unified Social Registry' is presented alongside beneficiary information, which strongly implies it functions as a dataset used for analysis and monitoring. The term 'registry' itself often connotes a structured collection of data, particularly in social and administrative contexts. Therefore, it signifies a system that organizes and stores data rather than merely an infrastructure or tool. The text mentions beneficiaries specifically included in this registry, which supports the idea that it is used concretely as a data source for assessing and conducting analyses regarding those beneficiaries. This could lead to confusion for the extraction model, as the term 'registry' can also indicate a management information system; however, the specific mention of beneficiaries provides clarity that in this case, it serves as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Unified Social Registry' is treated as a dataset here because it is described as storing structured data about beneficiaries, indicating its use in analysis and monitoring." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 61, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 56 productive measures grants are participated by refugees and members of host communities. The reports are then consolidated by the CFS. If needed, indicator can be based on survey of representative sample Beneficiaries that have been selected through a combined PMT / community validation process Twice a year CFS - Management Information System CFS regional offices produce two reports a year ( June and December ), indicating how many ( percentage ) Beneficiaries have been selected through a combined PMT ( Proxy Means Testing ) / community validation process. The target is 90 percent. The reports are then consolidated by the CFS. If needed, indicator can be based on a survey of a representative sample. CFS", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 397, + 432, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "CFS - Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 135, + 143, + "CFS - Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 260, + 291, + "CFS - Management Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 292, + 305, + "CFS - Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 539, + 552, + "CFS - Management Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The reports are then consolidated by the CFS. If needed, indicator can be based on survey of representative sample Beneficiaries that have been selected through a combined PMT / community validation process Twice a year CFS - Management Information System CFS regional offices produce two reports a year ( June and December ), indicating how many ( percentage ) Beneficiaries have been selected through a combined PMT ( Proxy Means Testing ) / community validation process. The target is 90 percent.", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The CFS - Management Information System is a structured collection of data used to track and report on beneficiaries selected through a validation process, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a Management Information System", + "described as producing reports", + "not presented as a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CFS - Management Information System' is identified as a type of infrastructure or tool rather than a concrete dataset. The text describes it primarily in a functional context, stating it 'consolidates reports' and 'produces two reports a year', which suggests it is involved in data management and reporting processes, but it does not characterize it as a direct source of structured data itself. The model may have been confused by the presence of structured collections of records and the formal naming, which typically signifies data, but in this instance, it is grounded in the operational aspect of the system rather than serving as a dataset in its own right. Hence, the distinction lies in understanding the role of the CFS as a management system versus an actual dataset providing raw information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CFS - Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a management tool that consolidates reports rather than as a source of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 65, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 60 human resources agency. CFS has developed, trained on, and is using a complete set of operational manuals acceptable to the World Bank, including an Administrative and Financial Manual, a Manual on Targeting, a Manual on Cash Transfers, a Manual on Cash for Work and an Environmental and Social Mitigation Framework. Originally produced for the PFS, these manuals are being newly revised for this project. CFS has a main office in Ndjamena and two regional offices, in Logone Occidentale and Bar-el-Ghazel. It has surveyed close to 30, 000 potential beneficiaries, registered and provided cash transfers to approximately 6, 200 households, and is supporting the creation of the Unified Social Registry. 5. The CFS will open at least three additional fully staffed regional offices. Aside from a regional coordinator, each regional office will include a financial management specialist, M & E specialist, safeguards specialist, two technical specialists to manage components 1 and 2, and a communications / community engagement specialist, plus support staff as needed. 6. Given the breadth of the refugee situation and based on the performance of the project, the option to expand the project to the national level will be explored at mid-term review.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 766, + 789, + "named" + ], + [ + 212, + 222, + "Unified Social Registry <> publisher" + ], + [ + 519, + 527, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 557, + 575, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 580, + 593, + "Unified Social Registry <> data geography" + ], + [ + 798, + 801, + "Unified Social Registry <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "CFS has a main office in Ndjamena and two regional offices, in Logone Occidentale and Bar-el-Ghazel. It has surveyed close to 30, 000 potential beneficiaries, registered and provided cash transfers to approximately 6, 200 households, and is supporting the creation of the Unified Social Registry. 5.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Unified Social Registry is a structured collection of data that registers beneficiaries for social support, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of creating a registry", + "described as part of project support rather than explicitly using data", + "lacks specific reference as a data source or dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Unified Social Registry' is positioned more as a project or initiative focused on creating a registry for beneficiaries rather than as a specific dataset itself. The sentence indicates that CFS is supporting the creation of the registry, which suggests it is an ongoing effort to establish a system for tracking social support rather than an existing, structured dataset. The absence of phrases such as 'uses data from' or 'based on the data from' further solidifies that this entity is not being treated as a data source itself. It is possible that the language model may have classified it as a dataset due to its name resembling established data sources and the context of beneficiary registration. However, without clear indication that it is currently a set of organized records utilized for analysis, it is clear it serves as a reference to an initiative rather than a concrete data source. Hence, it is better interpreted as a management initiative or project rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Unified Social Registry' is being referenced as a project promoting the establishment of a data collection system without explicitly indicating it as a dataset, which does not fit the criteria to be treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 65, + "text": "Expansion could involve the establishment of a national agency for local development / social protection, as detailed in the Letter of Development Policy. 7. These institutional arrangements will rely on the strong involvement of local authorities, line ministry representatives and local communities. Their involvement will be based on local development plans if they exist, on the participation of the Regional Action Committees ( para. 15 ), and the involvement of community leaders and key representatives of women \u2019 s and youth groups. Financial Management 8. The project will be implemented by CFS, which is currently implementing the PFS ( IDA - D1340: US $ 5 million; Trust Fund TF0A2801: US $ 5 million ). The fiduciary compliance for the PFS is deemed satisfactory. Since its effectiveness, unaudited IFRs have been submitted on time and found acceptable. In addition, CFS has adequate and qualified staff to handle the FM tasks of the proposed project. The current FM team consists of an administrative specialist, a financial specialist and a senior accountant at the central level, as well as two assistant accountants at the regional level. CFS is also in the process of hiring an internal auditor, as well as an additional accountant for the N \u2019 djamena office who will perform day-to-day accounting activities and record transactions at the central level. Three assistant accountants / FM specialists will also be hired to perform day-to-day financial transactions in the regional antennas. 9. The accounting software that CFS is currently using for the PFS will be adapted to fit the needs of the proposed project. TOM2PRO is a multi-project accounting software capable of recording transactions and reporting project operations in a timely manner, including preparation of WAs and periodic financial reports ( IFRs and annual financial statements ) for multiple projects. 10. The FM assessment has concluded that CFS \u2019 s financial management system is adequate and in compliance with the Bank \u2019 s minimum requirements under OP / BP10. 00. Overall, the current", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1632, + 1639, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The accounting software that CFS is currently using for the PFS will be adapted to fit the needs of the proposed project. TOM2PRO is a multi-project accounting software capable of recording transactions and reporting project operations in a timely manner, including preparation of WAs and periodic financial reports ( IFRs and annual financial statements ) for multiple projects. 10.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "TOM2PRO is described as multi-project accounting software, which is a tool rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as multi-project accounting software", + "functions as a tool for recording transactions and reporting", + "not mentioned or utilized as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, TOM2PRO is clearly depicted as software used for accounting, specifically tailored for managing financial operations across multiple projects. The context explicitly states its functionality such as recording transactions, preparing financial reports, and managing operations. This description indicates that TOM2PRO functions more as a tool or infrastructure for processing and managing data rather than serving as a structured, static dataset itself. The confusion may arise due to its explicit description as a system or software; it might be mistaken as a dataset if one focuses solely on its data handling capacity. However, it lacks the core attributes of a dataset, being a dynamic and evolving tool instead of a static collection of data. Essentially, it is referred to in a manner more befitting software than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TOM2PRO is not a dataset; it is described as an accounting software designed for project management, functioning as a tool for data management rather than a specific collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 68, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 63 Accounting Arrangements 13. Accounting policies and procedures. The current accounting standards in use in West and Central African Francophone countries for ongoing Bank-financed projects will be applicable. SYSCOHADA is the assigned accounting system in West and Central African Francophone countries. Project accounts will be maintained on an accrual basis, supported with appropriate records and procedures to track commitments and to safeguard assets. Annual financial statements will be prepared by the project implementing agency in accordance with SYSCOHADA and Bank requirements. Accounting and control procedures will be documented in the Administrative, Financial and Accounting Procedures Manual. 14. FM manuals. CFS will update and adapt the administrative, financial and accounting procedures manual it currently uses for the PFS. The updated procedures manual should be adopted before project effectiveness. 15. Accounting staff. The current FM team consists of an administrative and financial specialist and a senior accountant at the central level, as well as two assistant accountants at the regional level. One additional accountant and three assistant accountants will be hired. The accountant will be based in N \u2019 djamena while the assistant accountants will be based in the regional offices to be opened as part of the new project. 16. Accounting software.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 297, + 306, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current accounting standards in use in West and Central African Francophone countries for ongoing Bank-financed projects will be applicable. SYSCOHADA is the assigned accounting system in West and Central African Francophone countries. Project accounts will be maintained on an accrual basis, supported with appropriate records and procedures to track commitments and to safeguard assets.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "SYSCOHADA is an accounting system used in West and Central African Francophone countries, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the assigned accounting system", + "not presented as a data source", + "indicates a project management context rather than a data set context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SYSCOHADA' is explicitly referred to as the assigned accounting system, which implies that it functions as a framework or set of standards for financial reporting rather than a direct repository of structured data. The phrase 'current accounting standards in use' suggests that SYSCOHADA is more about guidelines and procedures for accounting practices than about providing a dataset. There are no signals indicating that it is being treated as a primary source of quantitative data, such as discussions of specific records or statistics that would be typical of a dataset. The confusion may arise from the capitalized term, as it resembles the format of a proper noun or title that could imply a dataset. However, without any context indicating that this system directly offers structured data for analysis, it should not be classified as a dataset. The lack of phrases like 'uses data from' or being presented alongside real datasets reinforces the idea that it does not meet the criteria of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SYSCOHADA is identified as an accounting system rather than a dataset since it describes accounting practices and standards without implying it is a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 68, + "text": "The World Bank Chad - Refugees and Host Communities Support Project ( P164748 ) Page 63 Accounting Arrangements 13. Accounting policies and procedures. The current accounting standards in use in West and Central African Francophone countries for ongoing Bank-financed projects will be applicable. SYSCOHADA is the assigned accounting system in West and Central African Francophone countries. Project accounts will be maintained on an accrual basis, supported with appropriate records and procedures to track commitments and to safeguard assets. Annual financial statements will be prepared by the project implementing agency in accordance with SYSCOHADA and Bank requirements. Accounting and control procedures will be documented in the Administrative, Financial and Accounting Procedures Manual. 14. FM manuals. CFS will update and adapt the administrative, financial and accounting procedures manual it currently uses for the PFS. The updated procedures manual should be adopted before project effectiveness. 15. Accounting staff. The current FM team consists of an administrative and financial specialist and a senior accountant at the central level, as well as two assistant accountants at the regional level. One additional accountant and three assistant accountants will be hired. The accountant will be based in N \u2019 djamena while the assistant accountants will be based in the regional offices to be opened as part of the new project. 16. Accounting software.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 644, + 653, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project accounts will be maintained on an accrual basis, supported with appropriate records and procedures to track commitments and to safeguard assets. Annual financial statements will be prepared by the project implementing agency in accordance with SYSCOHADA and Bank requirements. Accounting and control procedures will be documented in the Administrative, Financial and Accounting Procedures Manual.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "SYSCOHADA is an accounting system used in West and Central African Francophone countries, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an accounting system", + "not described as a data source", + "mentioned alongside procedures and requirements", + "does not indicate a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SYSCOHADA' is clearly referred to as an accounting framework or system, rather than a dataset. It is utilized as part of project financial statements preparation and documentation, indicating that SYSCOHADA serves more as a guideline or set of standards for maintaining financial records. There are no phrases indicating it is a source of data, nor is it enumerated alongside other datasets. The potential confusion for a model could arise because it has a proper noun form and is relevant to financial record-keeping, which may instinctively draw associations with databases or datasets. However, since it functions as procedural guidance rather than an actual collection of data records, it does not meet the criteria for being recognized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SYSCOHADA is not a dataset in this context; it is an accounting system serving as a framework for financial procedures, not a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "082_PAD2809-PAD-PUBLIC-disclosed-9-12-2018-IDA-R2018-0286-1", + "page": 68, + "text": "CFS is currently using a multi-project, multi-donor version of the TOM2PRO accounting software. CFS \u2019 s accounting system will be adapted, within three months of effectiveness, to handle the new project activities. Internal Control and Internal Audit Arrangements 17. Internal control systems. Internal control comprises the whole system of control, financial or otherwise, established by management to ( a ) carry out the project activities in an orderly and efficient manner; ( b ) ensure adherence to policies and procedures; ( c ) ensure maintenance of complete and accurate accounting records; and ( d ) safeguard the assets of the project. 18. Under the PFS, CFS has developed an adequate internal control system which will be used for the project. This system includes a segregation of duties whereby authorization to execute a transaction, recording of the transaction and custody of assets involved in the transaction are performed by different people. Ordering, receiving, accounting for and paying for goods and services are appropriately segregated. However, the existing Administrative, Financial and Accounting Procedures Manual should be updated to fit the new project needs. 19. The updated Administrative, Financial and Accounting Procedures Manual will document the financial management and disbursement arrangements including internal controls,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 67, + 74, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "CFS is currently using a multi-project, multi-donor version of the TOM2PRO accounting software. CFS \u2019 s accounting system will be adapted, within three months of effectiveness, to handle the new project activities.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "TOM2PRO refers to an accounting software, which is a tool rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as accounting software", + "mentioned as a system rather than a data source", + "not enumerated with clear datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'TOM2PRO' is explicitly referred to as accounting software used by CFS. The context does not describe it as a structured collection of data for analysis; rather, it indicates that it is a tool that is being used to handle financial records related to various projects and donors. This suggests that while TOM2PRO may store data, it is primarily an infrastructure component for managing accounting processes, not itself a dataset used for research. The model could have been confused by the mention of 'using' in conjunction with something that seems like it could house data, combined with the potential for capitalization making it appear as a proper name of a dataset. The differentiation between software as a project/system and actual datasets might lead to ambiguity, particularly if the phrase includes 'uses data from...'. In this case, it clearly does not meet the thresholds to qualify as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TOM2PRO is classified as accounting software and not a dataset in this context, as it serves as a tool for managing data rather than being a structured collection of data used directly for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "084_Lebanon-PAD-final-06082018", + "page": 35, + "text": "Technical assistance will be provided to ensure that implementing agencies have sufficient data collection capacity and to strengthen the GOL \u2019 s \u201c tracking \u201d capacity, including systems to monitor gender-specific impacts of interventions. iii. Indicators that measure actions taken by or benefits arising to economic actors who do not receive direct support from the Program ( Results area 2 ). Monitoring will rely on administrative data collected by government entities. Technical assistance will be provided to ensure that data collection protocols collect the data needed for monitoring. 65. M & E will be supported by Program activities to support an improved evidence based on firms in Lebanon. Support through the Program for the establishment of an SME Observatory at the MOET to track and assess data on SME development, will provide valuable input to the M & E efforts. An impact evaluation of the Program will focus on the interventions that provide funding to beneficiaries. These evaluations will: ( i ) assess the effectiveness of jobs programs in a labor market under considerable stress; ( ii ) compare the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of different support modalities in a single consistent framework; and ( iii ) ensure the results are gender sensitive.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 758, + 773, + "named" + ], + [ + 420, + 439, + "SME Observatory <> data type" + ], + [ + 684, + 689, + "SME Observatory <> reference population" + ], + [ + 693, + 700, + "SME Observatory <> data geography" + ], + [ + 781, + 785, + "SME Observatory <> publisher" + ], + [ + 814, + 817, + "SME Observatory <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "M & E will be supported by Program activities to support an improved evidence based on firms in Lebanon. Support through the Program for the establishment of an SME Observatory at the MOET to track and assess data on SME development, will provide valuable input to the M & E efforts. An impact evaluation of the Program will focus on the interventions that provide funding to beneficiaries.", + "type": "observatory", + "explanation": "The SME Observatory is intended to track and assess data on SME development, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project to track and assess data on SME development", + "mentioned only as part of a program activity, not directly as a data source", + "does not refer to specific structured data or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the SME Observatory is mentioned as part of a description regarding program activities aimed at improving evidence related to SMEs in Lebanon. The language used indicates that it is part of a project or initiative rather than a direct dataset. Phrases like 'to track and assess data' imply that the SME Observatory collects data but does not itself act as standalone structured data ready for analysis. The model likely misidentified the term as a dataset because it sounds formal and includes the word 'Observatory', suggesting data tracking. However, it lacks explicit mention of being a repository of structured data or records, and more specifically, it is characterized as an initiative within a broader program rather than a data source itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The SME Observatory is better understood as a project or initiative aimed at tracking SME data rather than a standalone dataset, as it does not present itself as a structured data source in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "084_Lebanon-PAD-final-06082018", + "page": 84, + "text": "The Program will support the GOL to make a fundamental shift in their approach to growth and job creation. Longer-term thinking around investment and jobs, and recognition of the complementary roles of the public and private sector, marks a substantial change in approach in Lebanon. The Program will support the GOL NJP in three ways: ( i ) implementation of long-delayed reforms to support trade and investment in key job-creating sectors; ( ii ) provide a platform for the GOL to test out new initiatives and new ways of working, with a strong emphasis on private sector leadership and the government \u2019 s role in correcting market distortions and government failures; ( iii ) support for enhanced coordination across ministries and agencies, incentivized by specific resources, programs, and results targets. 38 Based on the 2011-12 Household Budget Survey 39 Data on registered refugees from UNHCR as of November 2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 828, + 859, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program will support the GOL NJP in three ways: ( i ) implementation of long-delayed reforms to support trade and investment in key job-creating sectors; ( ii ) provide a platform for the GOL to test out new initiatives and new ways of working, with a strong emphasis on private sector leadership and the government \u2019 s role in correcting market distortions and government failures; ( iii ) support for enhanced coordination across ministries and agencies, incentivized by specific resources, programs, and results targets. 38 Based on the 2011-12 Household Budget Survey 39 Data on registered refugees from UNHCR as of November 2017", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2011-12 Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household expenditures.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Based on'", + "described as a survey", + "likely structured data collection regarding household expenditures" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, '2011-12 Household Budget Survey' is directly referenced in conjunction with the phrase 'Based on', which indicates that the subsequent analysis relies on data derived from this survey. The term is clearly defined and suggests it encapsulates a structured set of data about household expenditures. There are no indications that this is a system or a project, as it is explicitly mentioned as a survey, which typically signifies a data-collection instrument designed to generate records for analysis. However, a model might confuse it with a project or system due to its formal naming, which resembles how data systems or platforms are named; yet, the context here clarifies that it serves as a direct data source. The reference to household budgeting implies the collection of detailed records, aligning well with typical dataset characteristics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term '2011-12 Household Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as the source of data for analysis, and it is associated with structured information about household expenditures." + }, + { + "filename": "084_Lebanon-PAD-final-06082018", + "page": 115, + "text": "MOF will coordinate with all agencies to receive accurate and timely data and will be providing the World Bank with quarterly reports on the progress. 45. Strengthening Transparency: All Program documents will be uploaded into the Program website to be created in MOF. The Program website will have up-to-date information on the operational and financial aspects of the Program and will be accessible to the general public. As part of the outreach activities of the Program, information will be shared with the National Network for the Right of Access to Information, which is a is a multi-sectoral group formed upon the initiative of the Lebanese Parliamentarians against Corruption ( LebPAC ), the Lebanese Transparency Association52 ( LTA ) and Association pour la D\u00e9fense des Droits et des Libert\u00e9s ( ADDL ), in collaboration with the American Bar Association ( ABA ) Rule of Law Initiative in Lebanon. The e - Portal maintained by the Central Tender Board ( CTB ) will upload all the documents relating to public procurement and contract management relating to the Program. MOF and Central Inspection ( housing CTB ) will collaborate in case of any complaint related to public procurement and will inform the World Bank accordingly. The Program will 52 The Lebanese Transparency Association is a non-profit organization aimed at promoting transparency and deterring corruption in the public and private sector. http: / / www. transparency-lebanon. org /", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 911, + 921, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "As part of the outreach activities of the Program, information will be shared with the National Network for the Right of Access to Information, which is a is a multi-sectoral group formed upon the initiative of the Lebanese Parliamentarians against Corruption ( LebPAC ), the Lebanese Transparency Association52 ( LTA ) and Association pour la D\u00e9fense des Droits et des Libert\u00e9s ( ADDL ), in collaboration with the American Bar Association ( ABA ) Rule of Law Initiative in Lebanon. The e - Portal maintained by the Central Tender Board ( CTB ) will upload all the documents relating to public procurement and contract management relating to the Program. MOF and Central Inspection ( housing CTB ) will collaborate in case of any complaint related to public procurement and will inform the World Bank accordingly.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The 'e - Portal' refers to a digital platform for uploading documents related to public procurement and contract management, rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for uploading documents", + "collaborates with management entities (MOF and Central Inspection)", + "not referred to as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'e - Portal' is explicitly described as a digital platform maintained by the Central Tender Board (CTB) for the purpose of uploading documents related to public procurement and contract management. The context suggests that while it does hold data (specifically documents related to procurement), it serves more as a system for managing and disseminating that information rather than being a structured dataset intended for research or analysis. The model may have confused 'e - Portal' for a dataset due to its capitalized name and the mention of documents, which could lead to the impression that it functions like a data repository. Additionally, its presence in text related to collaborative outreach activities and public sector operations might suggest importance, yet this highlights its role as an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset in the traditional research sense.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'e - Portal' is a platform for document management rather than a dataset. It serves as an infrastructure that might store data but is not used here as a source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "084_Lebanon-PAD-final-06082018", + "page": 118, + "text": "108 53. Procurement arrangement conclusions. Despite the limitations of the procurement system, the Program activities are not sophisticated by nature and some of them were already initiated under previous Bank \u2019 s funds ( specifically, NEO and CDR ). Therefore, the Program will: \uf0b7 Implement via the entities per their mandates and regulations, after outsourcing a technical audit to monitor procurement soundness, as well as technical assistance to ensure human resources for procurement processing and contract management. \uf0b7 For public procurement, use the Central Inspection ( CI ) / CTB portal for posting annual procurement plans, procurement notices, and publishing contract awards. A reasonable 10 days stand-still period ( between contract recommendation to award and contract signing ) is to be observed to provide a window for the bidders to file procurement complaints. \uf0b7 For PPP, the HCP will be publishing on its website all procurement notices and contract awards. \uf0b7 For public procurement, use the CI as the central unit for procurement complaints that are not satisfactorily resolved by the pertinent implementing agency. A log of complaints and their resolution will be maintained and published by CI.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 560, + 578, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Therefore, the Program will: \uf0b7 Implement via the entities per their mandates and regulations, after outsourcing a technical audit to monitor procurement soundness, as well as technical assistance to ensure human resources for procurement processing and contract management. \uf0b7 For public procurement, use the Central Inspection ( CI ) / CTB portal for posting annual procurement plans, procurement notices, and publishing contract awards. A reasonable 10 days stand-still period ( between contract recommendation to award and contract signing ) is to be observed to provide a window for the bidders to file procurement complaints.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "The term 'Central Inspection' refers to an organization involved in public procurement processes, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a portal for posting procurement plans and notices", + "not explicitly stated as containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Central Inspection' is referred to as a portal used for public procurement activities, such as posting procurement plans and notices. It functions more as an operational framework rather than a standalone dataset. While the phrasing of the text suggests a structured process involving records, the term is more indicative of an organizational or procedural entity rather than a defined collection of data points. This distinction is important because while the portal may facilitate data transactions, it does not serve as a dataset itself. A model might have been confused because 'Central Inspection' is capitalized, and it follows a format that is common for data sources, which could mislead the extraction model into thinking it is a dataset. However, since it is not explicitly characterized as storing or presenting a structured collection of data, I conclude it should not be labeled as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Central Inspection' is not a dataset in this context as it is referred to as a portal for procurement activities rather than a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "084_Lebanon-PAD-final-06082018", + "page": 134, + "text": "124 Action Description DLI * Legally binding Due Date Responsible Party Completion Measurement * * SME Observatory designed and established ( Implementation action plan including finalization of governance and steering committee, annual work plan, staffing plan, reporting ) N 18 months after effectiveness MOET SME Observatory strategy and action plan approved by MOET; required budget approved and staff appointed Matching grant operations manual completed Y 3 months after effectiveness MOET Operations manual completed and incorporated into POM Value Chains Committee ( VCC ) established Y 6 months after effectiveness MOET VCC established VC program designed, VC selected N 8 months after effectiveness MOET Pilot VC selected and approved by MOET SME database and the digital platform developed and training conducted N 24 months after effectiveness MOET Database developed, Platform available online and approved by MOET, training completed Results Area 3: Connecting women and youth to jobs Eligibility criteria and prioritization system defined and agreed by the Government to select beneficiaries of ALMP services Y 3 months after effectiveness NEO Criteria and mechanism defined in the POM Design of the wage subsidy financial mechanism ( agree on either reimbursement or waiver to employers ) Y 3 months after effectiveness NEO with NSSF MOU signed between NEO and NSSF New Management Information Systems ( MIS ) for registration and profiling designed and implemented, NEO staff training completed N 6 months after effectiveness NEO MIS developed and link for registration available.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1381, + 1415, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "124 Action Description DLI * Legally binding Due Date Responsible Party Completion Measurement * * SME Observatory designed and established ( Implementation action plan including finalization of governance and steering committee, annual work plan, staffing plan, reporting ) N 18 months after effectiveness MOET SME Observatory strategy and action plan approved by MOET; required budget approved and staff appointed Matching grant operations manual completed Y 3 months after effectiveness MOET Operations manual completed and incorporated into POM Value Chains Committee ( VCC ) established Y 6 months after effectiveness MOET VCC established VC program designed, VC selected N 8 months after effectiveness MOET Pilot VC selected and approved by MOET SME database and the digital platform developed and training conducted N 24 months after effectiveness MOET Database developed, Platform available online and approved by MOET, training completed Results Area 3: Connecting women and youth to jobs Eligibility criteria and prioritization system defined and agreed by the Government to select beneficiaries of ALMP services Y 3 months after effectiveness NEO Criteria and mechanism defined in the POM Design of the wage subsidy financial mechanism ( agree on either reimbursement or waiver to employers ) Y 3 months after effectiveness NEO with NSSF MOU signed between NEO and NSSF New Management Information Systems ( MIS ) for registration and profiling designed and implemented, NEO staff training completed N 6 months after effectiveness NEO MIS developed and link for registration available.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a management information system, which is a tool or application for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a system but not as a direct data source", + "its context implies functionality rather than a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'New Management Information Systems (MIS)' clearly refers to a system designed for registration and profiling. The context emphasizes staff training and the system's rollout, which suggests its role as a tool or infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The text specifically describes the MIS as a system created for operational purposes (registration and profiling), aligning with the definition of an information system that manages data, rather than a dataset that can be analyzed directly. Potential confusion arises because the term 'MIS' could suggest that it contains data, which might lead someone to categorize it as a dataset. However, since the surrounding text focuses on the development, implementation, and training associated with the MIS, it indicates that the term is more about the procedural aspect of data management instead of the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'New Management Information Systems' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a system created for operational and managerial purposes, rather than a structured collection of data that is directly used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 67, + "text": "Data will be disaggregated by female, male, and youth. Biannually EIC database BoLSA / MoLSA records Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a. - not linked to disbursement IR Indicator 2. 1: Signed MoUs in industrial parks supported by the Program This indicator will track the total number of signed MoUs between the EIC and investors in industrial parks. Biannually EIC database Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a. - not linked to disbursement IR Indicator 2. 2: Targeted investment facilitations by EIC Investment facilitation includes: ( i ) site visits arranged for investors; ( ii ) Biannually EIC database Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 66, + 78, + "named" + ], + [ + 340, + 343, + "EIC database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 552, + 555, + "EIC database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data will be disaggregated by female, male, and youth. Biannually EIC database BoLSA / MoLSA records Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The EIC database is a structured collection of data used for tracking indicators related to investment facilitation and signed MoUs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "only mentioned as 'EIC database', lacks context as a directly structured data source", + "appears within a list that includes records and reporting templates, but without evidence it functions as a standalone dataset", + "no explicit mention of it being used directly for data analysis or source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided empirical context, 'EIC database' appears without clear indicators that suggest it is being utilized as a primary source of data. The phrase 'EIC database' is generic and could refer to either a system that holds data or an actual dataset. The context surrounding it, particularly phrases like 'records' and 'reporting template', introduces ambiguity and points towards the possibility that it is likely part of a broader project or system rather than a discrete dataset. This could lead models to erroneously classify it as a dataset due to the structural naming and association with records, but ultimately it lacks explicit indications that it is functioning as a defined dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'EIC database' does not qualify as a dataset in this context, as it lacks explicit references to being used as a data source and is instead suggested to be a component of a broader project or information system." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 67, + "text": "Data will be disaggregated by female, male, and youth. Biannually EIC database BoLSA / MoLSA records Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a. - not linked to disbursement IR Indicator 2. 1: Signed MoUs in industrial parks supported by the Program This indicator will track the total number of signed MoUs between the EIC and investors in industrial parks. Biannually EIC database Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a. - not linked to disbursement IR Indicator 2. 2: Targeted investment facilitations by EIC Investment facilitation includes: ( i ) site visits arranged for investors; ( ii ) Biannually EIC database Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU Yes", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 79, + 84, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data will be disaggregated by female, male, and youth. Biannually EIC database BoLSA / MoLSA records Reporting template PCU Independent agent hired by the PCU n. a.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "BoLSA refers to an organization (Bureau of Labor and Social Affairs) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of 'EIC database BoLSA / MoLSA records'", + "identified as a Reporting template not as a concrete data source", + "described alongside other entities without clear data attribution" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'BoLSA' is referenced as a component or organization involved with the 'EIC database' rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase preceding it suggests it operates more as a context or addition to an existing system that manages records. Although 'BoLSA' appears alongside data-centric terms and may seem like it could be a data source, it actually refers to the Bureau of Labor and Social Affairs, which typically functions within a broader framework rather than serving as an isolated dataset for analysis. A model might confuse this mention due to its capitalization, which is common for organizations and systems, and because of the way it is listed in conjunction with data management terminology. However, without clear indicators that it is a data source by itself or carries structured data records, it leads to the conclusion that it's not treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'BoLSA' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an organization rather than a structured data collection, and the phrasing does not position it as a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 103, + "text": "The economywide analysis is based on the standard GTAP dataset and parameters are fine-tuned to reflect the economic framework in 2016 ( initial year for the simulations ). Regarding 2017 \u2013 2025, the historical growth trend for the past decade is extrapolated to develop the expected growth prospects under GTP II. 18 See detailed technical description of the model for further information", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 50, + 62, + "named" + ], + [ + 405, + 420, + "GTAP dataset <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The economywide analysis is based on the standard GTAP dataset and parameters are fine-tuned to reflect the economic framework in 2016 ( initial year for the simulations ). Regarding 2017 \u2013 2025, the historical growth trend for the past decade is extrapolated to develop the expected growth prospects under GTP II.", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "The GTAP dataset is a structured collection of data used for economic analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a standard dataset", + "implies structured data for economic analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the phrase 'based on the standard GTAP dataset', there is a clear indication that what follows is used as a fundamental data source for the analysis being discussed. The term 'dataset' directly signifies a structured collection of data, and the use of 'standard' implies a recognized and widely used type of data, rather than just a project or system. Given this context, it is not interpreted as an information system or project, but as a concrete dataset for economic analysis. Potential confusion might arise because 'GTAP' could also refer to the Global Trade Analysis Project, which could be seen as a project name, yet the context here firmly supports it as a dataset. There are no mentions that describe it solely as a system or project; rather, it is positioned as the data source for the mentioned economic analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'GTAP dataset' functions as a real dataset in this context because it is clearly identified as the basis for the economic analysis, and it is characterized as a standard dataset rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 106, + "text": "98 the budget credibility of the country remained to be good supported with continuing robust budget execution and internal control systems. Budget transparency and comprehensiveness has also improved since the 2010 assessment. Good performance was noted on arrears management, access by public to fiscal information and revenue administration. The tax audit function is gradually increasing focus on risk assessment, but capacity constraints remain. Budget execution systems appear to continue to work well. Robust internal control systems remain. Procurement systems have improved since the 2010 assessment, although publication of procurement information has not progressed as much. Furthermore, effectiveness of scrutiny has strengthened to an extent given that the macroeconomic and fiscal framework is being reviewed by the relevant legislation unit and strengthened procedure for review of draft budget. Legislative scrutiny of audit reports improved performance on depth of hearing and monitoring implementation of recommendations. Although improvements are noted, strengthening the internal audit function has proceeded at a slower pace than expected. The assessment revealed that high staff turnover and capacity constraints remain in procurement and internal audit capacity. The provision of electronic links between the IBEX systems in Bureaus of Finance and Economic Development and those in sector bureaus, where IBEX was being established on a stand-alone basis remains to be the constraint affecting the ratings on accounting and reporting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1332, + 1336, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The assessment revealed that high staff turnover and capacity constraints remain in procurement and internal audit capacity. The provision of electronic links between the IBEX systems in Bureaus of Finance and Economic Development and those in sector bureaus, where IBEX was being established on a stand-alone basis remains to be the constraint affecting the ratings on accounting and reporting.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IBEX refers to a system related to accounting and reporting, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned in the context of capacity constraints", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IBEX' is referred to as a system used by the Bureaus of Finance and Economic Development, which suggests it is part of an electronic infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The mention of capacity constraints associated with this system indicates that it plays a role in data processing but does not imply that 'IBEX' is a structured collection of data specifically used for analysis. The model might have been confused because 'IBEX' is capitalized and thus appears to be a proper noun, leading to speculation that it might be a dataset when it is actually a system or infrastructure involved in reporting processes. It was not mentioned alongside other clear datasets, nor was it described as containing statistical records or indicators directly, reinforcing its classification as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'IBEX' is not a dataset in this context since it is described as a system related to accounting and reporting, indicating it serves as infrastructure rather than a structured source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 107, + "text": "99 given at budget preparation, it would difficult to trace the budget and expenditure during reporting. It also will be difficult for capturing Program-related transactions and reporting on them. ARRA uses the Gregorian calendar as fiscal year, which is different from EFY and needs alignment during the Program implementation. 8. Budget monitoring. The budget control of the proposed four entities is satisfactory. Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management. With regard to the annual budget utilization, except IPDC, a good budget performance was registered by the other entities in the past three years. Capacity constraints, contractors \u2019 delay in completing works on time, and the regions \u2019 delay in effecting right-of-way payments and resettlements were reasons for low budget utilization by IPDC. 9. Program budgeting arrangements. The Program will follow the Federal GoE ' s budgeting procedure and calendar. The procedures and calendar are documented in the Federal GoE Budget manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 631, + 635, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "IBEX refers to a budget control module used for tracking expenditures, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a budget control module", + "described as a tool used to track expenditures", + "used alongside other tools and systems, such as Excel and \u2018 FAST \u2019 system", + "not referred to as a source of structured data or records directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, IBEX is identified as a budget control module rather than a dataset. The preceding phrase structures clearly indicate its role as a management tool for tracking budget expenditures rather than a database containing structured data records. The extraction model might have confused 'IBEX' as a dataset because it appears in a similar context to tools like Excel and the \u2018FAST\u2019 system, which may have led to the assumption that it contains data like an organized dataset would. However, the context specifically labels IBEX as a module for control purposes, not as a collection of data itself, which is reinforced by the lack of phrasing that would imply it directly holds data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "IBEX is not considered a dataset in this context as it functions as a budget control module, not a structured collection of data. The clear description of its role as a tool for tracking expenditures reinforces this distinction." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 107, + "text": "99 given at budget preparation, it would difficult to trace the budget and expenditure during reporting. It also will be difficult for capturing Program-related transactions and reporting on them. ARRA uses the Gregorian calendar as fiscal year, which is different from EFY and needs alignment during the Program implementation. 8. Budget monitoring. The budget control of the proposed four entities is satisfactory. Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management. With regard to the annual budget utilization, except IPDC, a good budget performance was registered by the other entities in the past three years. Capacity constraints, contractors \u2019 delay in completing works on time, and the regions \u2019 delay in effecting right-of-way payments and resettlements were reasons for low budget utilization by IPDC. 9. Program budgeting arrangements. The Program will follow the Federal GoE ' s budgeting procedure and calendar. The procedures and calendar are documented in the Federal GoE Budget manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 669, + 686, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "An Excel spreadsheet is a tool for data organization and analysis, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known systems", + "mentioned as a tool for tracking expenditures", + "not described as a structured dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Excel spreadsheet' functions primarily as a tool for data organization and analysis rather than serving as an explicit dataset. The term appears after 'IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet', indicating it is employed as a means to manage or visualize data rather than existing as a standalone dataset. The phrasing does not imply that the spreadsheet is a comprehensive collection of records but rather a usage context for tracking expenditures. Furthermore, it is listed alongside other systems, such as the IBEX budget control module and \u2018FAST\u2019 system, reinforcing its role as a tool rather than an independent dataset. The model might have confused the term for a dataset due to its structured nature and because it follows a phrase discussing usage ('IPDC uses'), which often indicates data sources. However, the lack of indication that it is a comprehensive data source clarifies its identity as a tool rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Excel spreadsheet' is treated as a tool for analysis rather than a dataset because it is used to track expenditures and is mentioned alongside managerial systems, rather than as an independent data source." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 107, + "text": "99 given at budget preparation, it would difficult to trace the budget and expenditure during reporting. It also will be difficult for capturing Program-related transactions and reporting on them. ARRA uses the Gregorian calendar as fiscal year, which is different from EFY and needs alignment during the Program implementation. 8. Budget monitoring. The budget control of the proposed four entities is satisfactory. Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management. With regard to the annual budget utilization, except IPDC, a good budget performance was registered by the other entities in the past three years. Capacity constraints, contractors \u2019 delay in completing works on time, and the regions \u2019 delay in effecting right-of-way payments and resettlements were reasons for low budget utilization by IPDC. 9. Program budgeting arrangements. The Program will follow the Federal GoE ' s budgeting procedure and calendar. The procedures and calendar are documented in the Federal GoE Budget manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 704, + 708, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Before effecting payment, the transaction requested for payment is checked on whether it is included in the approved budget and whether sufficient uncommitted budget balance is available. The EIC and MoLSA use the IBEX budget control module, IPDC uses Excel spreadsheet, and ARRA uses \u2018 FAST \u2019 system to track expenditures against the budget. In addition, a quarterly report ( comparison of budget with actual expenditure ) is produced and performance is monitored by the management.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "FAST refers to a system used for tracking expenditures against the budget, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system to track expenditures", + "enumerated with other systems (e.g., IBEX budget control module, Excel spreadsheet)", + "not described as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FAST' is clearly referenced as a system used to track expenditures against the budget, alongside other systems like IBEX and Excel. There\u2019s no suggestion that 'FAST' is presenting a structured collection of data that could be analyzed as a standalone dataset, rather it is functioning as an infrastructure or tool in the budgeting process. A model may have confused 'FAST' as a dataset mention due to its placement within a list of tools used for financial tracking and the lack of clarity around whether it could contain data; however, it is referred to as a system, which indicates its role is more to facilitate transaction tracking than to serve as a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'FAST' refers to a system rather than a dataset as it is described as a tool for tracking budget expenditures, not as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 110, + "text": "102 EIC and MoLSA follow the Government reporting system. Both submit monthly financial statements to MoFEC in soft and hard copies within the stipulated dead line ( within 15 days after the month end ). Both entities closed the EFY 2009 accounts and submitted to MoFEC and OFAG. 16. ARRA submits quarterly IPFMR to UNHCR. The IPFMR contains both financial and physical activity report. ARRA is required to submit the quarterly report within 15 days after the end of the quarter. The quarterly report is being submitted within the deadline. For instance, the 1st quarter report for 2017 was submitted on April 10 ( 5 days before the dead line and the 2nd quarter report on July 15, 2017 ( on the deadline ). Annual financial statement is also prepared and is submitted to UNHCR and external auditors. IPDC produces consolidated financial statements of the entity for both internal and external use. The internal reports are intended for management and Board while the external reports are mainly for the tax authorities. The reports to management and Board are produced on quarterly basis and include: budget vs. expenditure reports, profit and loss statement, balance sheet, ratio analysis and narration to explain performance and budget variances mainly on revenue. The reports are usually submitted to the management and Board within ten days of quarter closing.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 307, + 312, + "named" + ], + [ + 229, + 237, + "IPFMR <> reference year" + ], + [ + 284, + 288, + "IPFMR <> author" + ], + [ + 316, + 321, + "IPFMR <> publisher" + ], + [ + 582, + 586, + "IPFMR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 682, + 686, + "IPFMR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 772, + 777, + "IPFMR <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16. ARRA submits quarterly IPFMR to UNHCR. The IPFMR contains both financial and physical activity report.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The IPFMR is a quarterly report that contains structured financial and physical activity data, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a report that contains structured financial and physical activity data", + "follows a mention of submission to UNHCR, indicating a formal reporting structure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IPFMR' refers to a quarterly report submitted to the UNHCR. It includes structured financial and physical activity data, which aligns it with the characteristics of a dataset. Although 'IPFMR' may initially appear as a project name or a system due to its abbreviation and formal nature, the text clarifies that it is a report specifically designed to contain and present data, indicating its function as a data source. This distinction between a project/system and a dataset can sometimes be blurred, especially with formal names like 'IPFMR', but the explicit mention of data content confirms its status as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'IPFMR' is appropriately categorized as a dataset because it is described as a report containing structured data on financial and physical activities, thus supporting its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "086_NEW-ETHIOPIA-PAD-06072018", + "page": 110, + "text": "102 EIC and MoLSA follow the Government reporting system. Both submit monthly financial statements to MoFEC in soft and hard copies within the stipulated dead line ( within 15 days after the month end ). Both entities closed the EFY 2009 accounts and submitted to MoFEC and OFAG. 16. ARRA submits quarterly IPFMR to UNHCR. The IPFMR contains both financial and physical activity report. ARRA is required to submit the quarterly report within 15 days after the end of the quarter. The quarterly report is being submitted within the deadline. For instance, the 1st quarter report for 2017 was submitted on April 10 ( 5 days before the dead line and the 2nd quarter report on July 15, 2017 ( on the deadline ). Annual financial statement is also prepared and is submitted to UNHCR and external auditors. IPDC produces consolidated financial statements of the entity for both internal and external use. The internal reports are intended for management and Board while the external reports are mainly for the tax authorities. The reports to management and Board are produced on quarterly basis and include: budget vs. expenditure reports, profit and loss statement, balance sheet, ratio analysis and narration to explain performance and budget variances mainly on revenue. The reports are usually submitted to the management and Board within ten days of quarter closing.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 327, + 332, + "named" + ], + [ + 284, + 288, + "IPFMR <> author" + ], + [ + 316, + 321, + "IPFMR <> publisher" + ], + [ + 582, + 586, + "IPFMR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 682, + 686, + "IPFMR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 772, + 777, + "IPFMR <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ARRA submits quarterly IPFMR to UNHCR. The IPFMR contains both financial and physical activity report. ARRA is required to submit the quarterly report within 15 days after the end of the quarter.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The IPFMR is a quarterly report that contains structured financial and physical activity data, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a report containing financial and physical activity data", + "explicitly mentioned as being submitted quarterly", + "indicates structured data is included" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'IPFMR' appears to refer to a specific report that contains structured financial and physical activity data. The mention of it being a quarterly report implies a systematic collection and organization of data on these two aspects, which is consistent with the characteristics of a dataset. While it has elements that could lead to confusion\u2014such as being a project or system in a more general sense\u2014the explicit description of it as containing data that is reported regularly indicates it functions as a dataset for analysis and reporting. Models may confuse it with an information system or a project due to its acronymic nature and the context surrounding regular submissions, but the presence of concrete data description helps clarify its role as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'IPFMR' is a dataset because it is described as a structured quarterly report containing specific financial and physical activity data, clearly indicating its use for analysis and reporting." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 13, + "text": "The town councils act as water service providers ( water authorities ) and can elect to provide service directly, utilize community-based organizations, or employ private companies. The MWE provides the water authorities with support through its Water and Sanitation Sector Development Facilities ( WSDFs ) that provide financing and guidance for the design and implementation of WSS systems and through six regional umbrella organizations ( UOs ) that provide high-level assistance on operation and maintenance ( O & M ) related activities. The UOs are limited guarantee companies that have successfully provided technical, managerial, and financial management ( FM ) support to water authorities since 2001. Currently, the UOs receive subsidies from the GoU and development partners ( DPs ) to conduct these activities. 7. In the early 1990s, the GoU implemented significant policy reforms, including the commercialization and modernization of the NWSC. These reforms, coupled with significant capital 6 The number of refugees has increased to 1. 4 million as of December 2017, of which 52 percent are characterized by women and girls and 61 percent by children under 18 years. Approximately 75 percent of the refugees originate from South Sudan; 17 percent from the Democratic Republic of Congo; and 3 percent from Burundi, Somalia, and other countries. 7 Large urban towns are cities and municipalities defined as urban centers by the UBOS \u2019 National Population and Housing Census ( NPHC ). Urban centers include all areas gazetted as city, municipality, town council by the UBOS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1446, + 1484, + "named" + ], + [ + 1074, + 1078, + "National Population and Housing Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1439, + 1443, + "National Population and Housing Census <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1487, + 1491, + "National Population and Housing Census <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1579, + 1583, + "National Population and Housing Census <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Approximately 75 percent of the refugees originate from South Sudan; 17 percent from the Democratic Republic of Congo; and 3 percent from Burundi, Somalia, and other countries. 7 Large urban towns are cities and municipalities defined as urban centers by the UBOS \u2019 National Population and Housing Census ( NPHC ). Urban centers include all areas gazetted as city, municipality, town council by the UBOS.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The National Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows citation of UBOS as a data source", + "described as a census which typically contains structured demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Population and Housing Census' appears closely associated with the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS), which is noted to define urban centers using this census. This indicates that the census is being recognized as a structured collection of demographic data used for research and statistical purposes. The term 'census' itself implies a comprehensive and organized gathering of data, reinforcing that it functions as a dataset rather than just a project or system. A model may have extracted it as a dataset due to its formal naming, the structured nature implied by the term, and the connection to an established authority on statistics (UBOS). There is no clear indication that this is merely a project or an information system here; rather, it is treated as the primary data source informing the analysis of urban centers.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Population and Housing Census is indeed a dataset in this context, as it provides structured demographic data referenced by UBOS." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 30, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 19 will support a comprehensive and widely accessible WIS and a groundwater management tool kit for Uganda. These tools will not only strengthen water resources investment, planning, and management at the catchment level but will also increase access to improved data and related analytical tools that will help the country build its resilience to increased climate variability and improve its capacity for strategic investment and decision making. 65. A high-level screening for climate change and disaster risks was done as per requirements for the Project \u2019 s three investment components. The identified risks included extreme temperature which will likely trigger an increase in potential evapotranspiration, an increase in the annual variability of precipitation and extreme precipitation events, which in turn are likely to cause floods that can be hazardous to local communities, livestock and hinder agricultural activities. To address these risks, the Project ( Components 1, 2, and 3 ) includes source protection measures such as restoration of riverine vegetation, reforestation, and buffer zone protection that will help reduce effects of flooding and protect the surrounding environment. These practices will also help increase groundwater recharge and ground cover, which reduces evapotranspiration rates and helps conserve water resources.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 133, + 136, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 19 will support a comprehensive and widely accessible WIS and a groundwater management tool kit for Uganda. These tools will not only strengthen water resources investment, planning, and management at the catchment level but will also increase access to improved data and related analytical tools that will help the country build its resilience to increased climate variability and improve its capacity for strategic investment and decision making.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "WIS refers to a Water Information System, which is a tool rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system not a data source", + "described as a tool kit for managing water resources", + "context suggests WIS refers to a Water Information System, not a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Evaluating the mention of 'WIS' in this context, it's clear that it refers to a Water Information System, which is described as a tool that will improve data access and management practices in Uganda. The reference to 'tool kit' and 'management' indicates that WIS functions as an infrastructure or platform designed to enhance water resources administration rather than serving as an independent dataset comprised of structured records. This distinction is important; while WIS may involve data handling, it does not meet the criteria of a dataset that can be used independently for analysis. A model may have confused WIS for a dataset due to its acronymic structure, capital letters suggesting a proper name, and its association with improving data access. However, without explicit mention of it being a primary source of structured data records, treating WIS as a dataset misrepresents its role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, WIS is not treated as a dataset but rather as a tool or system designed for water resource management and data improvement." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 30, + "text": "The Project will undertake further consultations with the relevant stakeholders to ensure that the design of the water infrastructure considers the associated risks. C. Financial Management 66. The MWE has a fully functioning Accounts Department headed by the Assistant Commissioner of Accounts. The MWE has an Internal Audit Unit that includes four internal auditors from the MoFPED. This unit reports to an audit committee at the MoFPED. The Project \u2019 s activities and transactions implemented by the MWE will be approved and authorized by the MWE \u2019 s Permanent Secretary who is the Accounting Officer. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with Integrated Financial Management Systems ( IFMS ). However, this system is currently only operational for government funds as the project module is not yet fully operational. As a result, project financial reports cannot be generated directly from the IFMS. 67. For the NWSC, the Project \u2019 s transactions will be managed within the existing set-up of the NWSC. The Managing Director, who is the Accounting Officer, will approve and authorize activities and transactions implemented by NWSC. All transactions will be processed in accordance with the NWSC \u2019 s policies and procedures. The NWSC has a fully functional Finance and Accounts Department headed by the Deputy Managing Director for Finance and Corporate Strategy. The Accounting Unit of the NWSC is computerized with Iscala accounting systems.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 656, + 695, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Project \u2019 s activities and transactions implemented by the MWE will be approved and authorized by the MWE \u2019 s Permanent Secretary who is the Accounting Officer. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with Integrated Financial Management Systems ( IFMS ). However, this system is currently only operational for government funds as the project module is not yet fully operational.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "Integrated Financial Management Systems refers to a software system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not mentioned as a source of data", + "focus on operational status rather than data content" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated Financial Management Systems' is explicitly referred to as a management information system (MIS). The surrounding text discusses the operational status of the system regarding the government's finances, suggesting that it is primarily an infrastructure for handling data rather than a set of data itself. The phrase 'main accounts of the MWE are computerized with Integrated Financial Management Systems' indicates that it serves a role in automating or digitizing financial management, but it does not denote a distinct collection of structured records that can be analyzed as a dataset. A model might confuse this term for a dataset due to its formal capitalization and the fact that it appears to be a defined system, but the text clearly frames it as an MIS instead of a specific data source. Overall, the focus is more on the operational functionality of the system rather than any inherent dataset it generates, solidifying the idea that this term does not refer to an actual dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Integrated Financial Management Systems' functions as a management information system that supports data handling but does not itself constitute a dataset based on the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 30, + "text": "The Project will undertake further consultations with the relevant stakeholders to ensure that the design of the water infrastructure considers the associated risks. C. Financial Management 66. The MWE has a fully functioning Accounts Department headed by the Assistant Commissioner of Accounts. The MWE has an Internal Audit Unit that includes four internal auditors from the MoFPED. This unit reports to an audit committee at the MoFPED. The Project \u2019 s activities and transactions implemented by the MWE will be approved and authorized by the MWE \u2019 s Permanent Secretary who is the Accounting Officer. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with Integrated Financial Management Systems ( IFMS ). However, this system is currently only operational for government funds as the project module is not yet fully operational. As a result, project financial reports cannot be generated directly from the IFMS. 67. For the NWSC, the Project \u2019 s transactions will be managed within the existing set-up of the NWSC. The Managing Director, who is the Accounting Officer, will approve and authorize activities and transactions implemented by NWSC. All transactions will be processed in accordance with the NWSC \u2019 s policies and procedures. The NWSC has a fully functional Finance and Accounts Department headed by the Deputy Managing Director for Finance and Corporate Strategy. The Accounting Unit of the NWSC is computerized with Iscala accounting systems.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1430, + 1455, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The NWSC has a fully functional Finance and Accounts Department headed by the Deputy Managing Director for Finance and Corporate Strategy. The Accounting Unit of the NWSC is computerized with Iscala accounting systems.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "Iscala accounting systems refer to a software tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a software tool", + "mentioned as an accounting system", + "not enumerated with datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Iscala accounting systems' is clearly identified as an accounting software tool used by the Finance and Accounts Department of the NWSC. The phrasing indicates that it is a system/framework for managing financial data rather than the data itself. There are several contextual linguistic cues, such as the use of 'computerized' and 'systems', which suggest that it is functioning as an infrastructure for accounting rather than serving as a structured dataset. The model might have extracted this as a potential dataset due to the formality and the capitalization of the term, which resembles names of datasets, and the fact that it may follow expectations of what constitutes a data source. However, it fundamentally serves as a tool or system, not a dataset in its own right. A project name or a management system could easily be misclassified as a dataset when separated from context that explicitly states it houses data for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Iscala accounting systems is not a dataset in this context as it refers to a software tool for managing finance records rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 30, + "text": "The NWSC also has an Internal Audit Department comprising qualified and experienced auditors and an audit committee of the board is in place. The Auditor General will audit the Project \u2019 s financial statements in accordance with statutory requirements, auditing standards, and suitable terms of reference ( ToR ). 68. The financial implementation arrangements, which are currently in place under the WMDP, are considered acceptable. Both the MWE and the NWSC have sound internal control procedures in place. However, the following key risks have been identified based on the ongoing WMDP: ( a ) ministry internal audit review reports are not shared regularly with the World Bank; this is risky given the number of ongoing activities and spread of operations where such reviews give management needed assurance of fiduciary status; ( b ) the project module of the IFMS has not been fully operationalized at the MWE, which increases the risk of errors and inaccuracy of financial reports; and ( c ) turnover of qualified and experienced staff is noticed. To ensure that the Project is effectively implemented, the MWE and NWSC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 863, + 867, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Both the MWE and the NWSC have sound internal control procedures in place. However, the following key risks have been identified based on the ongoing WMDP: ( a ) ministry internal audit review reports are not shared regularly with the World Bank; this is risky given the number of ongoing activities and spread of operations where such reviews give management needed assurance of fiduciary status; ( b ) the project module of the IFMS has not been fully operationalized at the MWE, which increases the risk of errors and inaccuracy of financial reports; and ( c ) turnover of qualified and experienced staff is noticed. To ensure that the Project is effectively implemented, the MWE and NWSC", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned in relation to project operations", + "not presented as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' is specifically referred to as the project module of an Integrated Financial Management System. It is framed within the discussion of project risks and operational issues, rather than being presented as a source of data for analysis. The text highlights the operational challenges related to the system, including risks associated with its incomplete implementation. This suggests that it is a tool or framework supporting data management, rather than a dataset itself. The model may have been confused because the term is capitalized and could resemble proper names of datasets, alongside phrases that suggest usage; however, it does not directly reference any data stored or queried but hints at the implications of its usage for financial reporting. The lack of specificity in treating IFMS as a data source of records or statistics clarifies that it's not a dataset but rather an infrastructural component.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'IFMS' is characteristic of a management information system that supports financial management rather than being an identifiable dataset; it discusses operational aspects of the project, not structured data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name of which female Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 413, + 429, + "named" + ], + [ + 142, + 170, + "MWE M & E system <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1135, + 1141, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating project interventions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MWE M & E system' is identified as a monitoring and evaluation system that supports the overall project but is not strictly viewed as a dataset. It appears alongside known datasets, which could lead to confusion, especially with its capitalization and structured phrasing suggesting it is important data infrastructure. However, the phrasing in this context explicitly classifies it as a system rather than a data source or dataset, indicating that it serves a broader purpose of tracking and evaluation rather than being a standalone dataset that can be directly analyzed. Additionally, since it\u2019s not referenced as a distinct source of data or records but rather as a supportive component of the project's monitoring framework, this further supports the conclusion that it should not be classified as a dataset. The model may have mistakenly categorized it as a dataset due to its structured nature and its role in data collection, but the context clarifies that it\u2019s part of a system containing data rather than the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not a dataset in this context because it is described as a management information system rather than a specific data source, and it is referenced as part of the project infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name of which female Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 462, + 478, + "named" + ], + [ + 142, + 170, + "Refugee Database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1135, + 1141, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1211, + 1229, + "Refugee Database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a data source", + "unclear if it represents a data repository or a project" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given text, the term 'Refugee Database' appears in the context of a list of data sources for the Monitoring & Evaluation Plan of a World Bank project. It is grouped with other entities that seem more defined as established data sources, such as MWE M & E system and NWSC Area performance reports. However, the phrase 'Refugee Database' could imply various meanings. It might refer to an actual dataset containing refugee-related data, or it could also represent a management information system designed for tracking or reporting on refugees, thus functioning more as a repository or tool rather than a distinct dataset. The model may have misidentified it as a dataset due to its structured appearance and the way it is listed, but without explicit clarification in the text regarding its specific nature as a data source, this term is better interpreted as a potential system or project rather than a definitive dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' is likely not a dataset in this context, as it is ambiguous whether it serves as a data repository or represents a project/system for tracking refugee information." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name of which female Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 483, + 488, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "UPMiS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 142, + 170, + "UPMiS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 552, + 607, + "UPMiS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1135, + 1141, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMiS is referenced as a data source within the context of monitoring and evaluation, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source alongside primary sources", + "described in a context that suggests it is a monitoring and evaluation system", + "capitals suggest it's a proper name but more indicative of a system than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, UPMiS is listed among data sources, but the phrasing and structure suggest it functions more as a management information system than a standalone dataset. It is not referred to as a structured collection of data directly, which could lead to the initial interpretation that it is a dataset. Models may confuse the usage due to its capitalization, the presentation alongside primary data sources, and the lack of explicit detail about its nature as a dataset versus a system. The context indicates it aggregates or manages data rather than serving as a singular dataset for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "While UPMiS is mentioned as a 'data source', it is specifically part of a monitoring and evaluation system, indicating it functions more as a management information system than an independent dataset, leading to the conclusion that it should not be treated as a dataset in this instance." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 40, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 29 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: PDO Indicators Indicator Name Direct Project Beneficiaries Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name of which female Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1050, + 1068, + "named" + ], + [ + 1135, + 1141, + "Water Supply Atlas <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1211, + 1229, + "Water Supply Atlas <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name of which female Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is described as a database of water supply, functionality, and distribution of all Uganda districts, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database of water supply, functionality, and distribution", + "enumerated among recognized data sources", + "follows a structure that suggests it is used to support data collection methodology" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Water Supply Atlas' is explicitly described as a 'database' that holds data about water supply, functionality, and distribution in Uganda. This specific description strongly indicates that it serves quantitative and structured data-related needs. Given that it is placed in a series of data sources, it reinforces its role as a dataset in the analysis. It\u2019s associated with systematic data collection responsibilities, which leads to the conclusion that it acts as a critical data source, rather than simply being considered as a project or system that might hold data. Although it is offered as a component among other reports, its discrete labeling as a 'database' clearly differentiates it from a mere project or MIS, usually suggesting ongoing operational infrastructure without a clear data output. Therefore, our judgment aligns here, treating it as a dataset rather than simply a project or system that contains data, because of the explicit description of its content and utility in data collection metrics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Atlas' is classified as a dataset due to its clear description as a database containing structured information on water supply and distribution across districts in Uganda, coupled with its enumeration among primary data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 30 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency MWE and NWSC Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Bi-annually Indicator Name Area under integrated water resources management in selected catchments supported by the project Definition / Description Area is referred to the land under integrate water management measures. Areas include but not limited to farms, river banks, catchments / micro catchments, intakes, etc. Measures include soil and water conservation, flood protection, afforestation, and livelihood improvement schemes as per agreed in CMPs. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: National Water Information System database, GIS Mapping and MWE M & E system. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWRM progress reports and annual water & environment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 423, + 441, + "named" + ], + [ + 508, + 514, + "Water Supply Atlas <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 30 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency MWE and NWSC Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Bi-annually Indicator Name Area under integrated water resources management in selected catchments supported by the project Definition / Description Area is referred to the land under integrate water management measures.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is described as a database of water supply, functionality, and distribution of all Uganda districts, which qualifies it as a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database of water supply", + "enumerated alongside MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports", + "mentions functionality and distribution" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Water Supply Atlas' is explicitly described as a 'database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts.' This phrase clearly indicates that it is a structured collection of data that serves a specific informational purpose regarding water resources. It follows the phrase 'Data Source' in the context of a list that includes other documented sources, supporting the classification as a dataset since it denotes a repository of organized data. Although it could cause confusion because 'atlas' can sometimes refer to a project or informational tool rather than a dataset, the explicit labeling as a database and its function within the mentioned reports solidify its categorization as a dataset. Thus, I confirm this extraction as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Atlas' is considered a dataset here because it is explicitly described as a database detailing water supply data across Uganda, indicating it is a structured collection of records rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 41, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 30 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description Beneficiaries are people or groups who directly receive benefits from interventions of the project ( water supply, sanitation, and WRM related investments ). Frequency MWE and NWSC Data Source MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, Water Supply Atlas ( database of water supply, functionality and distribution of all Uganda districts ), NWSC annual report and refugee database. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection Bi-annually Indicator Name Area under integrated water resources management in selected catchments supported by the project Definition / Description Area is referred to the land under integrate water management measures. Areas include but not limited to farms, river banks, catchments / micro catchments, intakes, etc. Measures include soil and water conservation, flood protection, afforestation, and livelihood improvement schemes as per agreed in CMPs. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: National Water Information System database, GIS Mapping and MWE M & E system. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWRM progress reports and annual water & environment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1151, + 1193, + "named" + ], + [ + 508, + 514, + "National Water Information System database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Measures include soil and water conservation, flood protection, afforestation, and livelihood improvement schemes as per agreed in CMPs. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: National Water Information System database, GIS Mapping and MWE M & E system. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWRM progress reports and annual water & environment.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The National Water Information System database is a structured collection of data related to water management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Data Source\u2019", + "described with the term 'database' indicating a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Water Information System database' is explicitly listed under 'Primary sources' of data. The phrasing strongly indicates that this term is referring to a structured collection of water management data, rather than a mere project or system. While it does have the features of an information system, it is identified as a 'database' which suggests it functions primarily as a dataset for the purposes of this analysis. Furthermore, it appears among other data sources, establishing it as a concrete source of data. This could lead to confusion for automated models because the term 'system' often implies operational infrastructure rather than a dataset, but the context clarifies its role as a primary data source here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Water Information System database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is directly referenced as a primary data source, indicating that it contains structured and organized water management data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 31 Indicator Name Percent of the service areas achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1 under the project Definition / Description Percent of service areas supported by the project that achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1. Cost recovery ratio is the revenues collected over operating expenses for selected service areas under the project. Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural and Urban / NWSC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 685, + 701, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 161, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ], + [ + 491, + 495, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 504, + 512, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 514, + 519, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 553, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 555, + 572, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 577, + 624, + "MWE M & E system <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M & E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation purposes related to water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "followed by other primary sources that are explicitly datasets", + "described as a system for monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'MWE M & E system' in the given context, several aspects come into play. The term is presented alongside other data sources, but it is specifically referred to as a 'system' related to monitoring and evaluation rather than a collection of dataset records. The language used ('primary sources include') suggests it is part of a framework that supports data collection and analysis but does not on its own constitute a dataset. Additionally, the term appears to be a management information system designed to support evaluation efforts for water management and development projects. This distinction is crucial: while it may store data, it functions more as an overarching tool or infrastructure rather than an individual dataset that can be directly referenced as a concrete source of data for analysis. The model may have misclassified it as a dataset due to its structured nature and the context provided by other actual datasets; however, it is ultimately categorized as an operational system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not classified as a dataset in this context as it is described as a monitoring and evaluation system, implying it functions more as a tool or infrastructure that supports data collection rather than an independent dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 31 Indicator Name Percent of the service areas achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1 under the project Definition / Description Percent of service areas supported by the project that achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1. Cost recovery ratio is the revenues collected over operating expenses for selected service areas under the project. Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural and Urban / NWSC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 703, + 725, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 161, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data description" + ], + [ + 491, + 495, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 497, + 502, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 504, + 512, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 514, + 519, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 521, + 529, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 553, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 555, + 572, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 577, + 624, + "NWSC Accounting System <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NWSC Accounting System is a structured collection of financial data used for monitoring and analysis of water service areas under the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the 'NWSC Accounting System' appears in a list with other clear data sources, giving the impression that it could constitute a dataset. However, the context specifies it as a 'system,' which implies its primary function is to serve as a management information system (MIS) rather than directly presenting data sets to be analyzed. The term 'Accounting System' suggests that it is designed to store and process financial information rather than to operate as a standalone dataset for analysis. The model may have been misled by the structure of the sentence and the format of the list, interpreting it as a source of data when it is, in fact, more akin to an infrastructure tool with data rather than a concrete dataset. Hence, I conclude that it better fits the definition of a system than a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NWSC Accounting System' functions as a management information system, not an actual dataset, as it stores rather than presents data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 31 Indicator Name Percent of the service areas achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1 under the project Definition / Description Percent of service areas supported by the project that achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1. Cost recovery ratio is the revenues collected over operating expenses for selected service areas under the project. Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural and Urban / NWSC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 737, + 753, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 495, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 497, + 502, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 504, + 512, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 553, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 555, + 572, + "Refugee Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1015, + 1033, + "Refugee Database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known data sources", + "follows 'Data Source Primary sources include'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Refugee Database' is listed as one of the primary sources of data alongside systems like 'MWE M & E system' and 'NWSC Accounting System (SCALA)'. The phrase 'Data Source Primary sources include' suggests that these sources are indeed repositories of structured data used in the analysis. The term 'database' typically denotes a collection of data, implying that it likely refers to a structured dataset. Although this could raise some confusion regarding whether it functions more like a management information system, the explicit categorization as a source reinforces its interpretation as a dataset. The capitalization of 'Refugee Database' further implies it is treated formally in this context, which is consistent with the naming practices for datasets. Thus, despite potential ambiguity regarding individuals' assumptions about the format or nature of 'databases', here it operates within the conventional meaning of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is listed among primary data sources for analysis, suggesting it contains structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 42, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 31 Indicator Name Percent of the service areas achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1 under the project Definition / Description Percent of service areas supported by the project that achieve cost recovery ratio of 1. 1. Cost recovery ratio is the revenues collected over operating expenses for selected service areas under the project. Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural and Urban / NWSC", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 758, + 763, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "UPMiS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 97, + 161, + "UPMiS <> data description" + ], + [ + 491, + 495, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 497, + 502, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 504, + 512, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 514, + 519, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 521, + 529, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 531, + 553, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 577, + 624, + "UPMiS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 820, + 875, + "UPMiS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline was derived from the existing service areas that have been gazetted: Gulu, Mbale, Adjumani, Busia, Namasale, Kyegegwa-Mpara-Ruyonza, Namungalwe-Kaliro and Budaka-Kadama-Tirinyi-Kibuku - Butaleja-Busolwe. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Accounting System ( SCALA ), Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMiS is referenced as a data source within the context of a project, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "referred to as a system", + "only mentioned within the context of primary data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, UPMiS appears alongside other data sources such as the 'MWE M & E system' and 'NWSC Accounting System (SCALA)', which are also all described in a similar fashion. The context indicates these are all systems or platforms from which data is extracted or managed rather than datasets themselves. While it is easy to conflate a management information system (MIS) like UPMiS with an actual dataset, upon closer examination, the text does not treat UPMiS in such a manner that highlights it as a standalone dataset. It remains reliant on other explanatory terms that clarify it as a system housing data. The model may have thought this was a dataset mention due to its listing among other data sources and its proper name formatting, but the context emphasizes its role as part of broader data management infrastructure rather than a discrete data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UPMiS is identified as a management information system rather than a distinct dataset due to its listing in the context of primary sources alongside other systems and a lack of indicators that would classify it as a structured dataset entity." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 32 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 235, + 251, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 150, + "MWE M & E system <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 32 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M & E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source Primary sources include:'", + "described as a system, indicative of a tool rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'MWE M & E system' is grouped alongside other data sources like the 'NWSC Area performance reports' and the 'Refugee Database', which are clearly identifiable datasets. The system is defined as a monitoring and evaluation system rather than a collection of raw data itself. Important contextual signals include the phrase 'Primary sources include', indicating it is being used as a tool or method of data collection, not the data itself. The term also bears the identifier 'M & E system', which typically refers to frameworks or structures within a project rather than standalone datasets. The model might have confused this term for a dataset because it appears in a similar list format as recognized datasets, and it is capitalized like a proper name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a management information system that supports data collection rather than representing a concrete dataset containing structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 32 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 284, + 300, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 32 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved water sources Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation in the context of water management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source' section indicating primary sources", + "described as a collection of data related to refugees" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'Refugee Database' is positioned in a list of primary data sources under the 'Data Source' section of the document. This suggests that it is being treated as a specific collection of data relevant to the monitoring and evaluation of the project. The inclusion of 'Refugee Database' alongside other clearly defined sources reinforces its role as a structured dataset. While there is a possibility that 'Refugee Database' could refer to a broader management information system or project related to refugee data collection, the context indicates it behaves as a concrete dataset for this particular analysis. The earlier judgment categorized it as a dataset, which aligns with the contextual evidence provided, particularly given that the focus is on 'data sources'. Such listings can often lead models to interpret entities as datasets, especially if they are capitalized and slide into the pattern of being a named source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset in this context as it is listed alongside other data sources and is specified in a section indicating primary sources for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 33 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description People who benefitted from improved water supply services that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project. Per UNICEF-WHO Joint Monitoring Program definition, \u201c improved water sources \u201d include piped household connection ( house or yard connections ), public standpipe, boreholes, protected dug well, protected spring and rainwater collection, and do not include unprotected well, unprotected spring, surface water ( river, pond, dam, lake, stream, irrigation channel ), or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MEW / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 678, + 694, + "named" + ], + [ + 1015, + 1033, + "MWE M & E system <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data Source'", + "mentioned alongside known datasets", + "described as a system for monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MWE M & E system' is explicitly designated as a source of data, but it is also accompanied by terms that make it clear it is a system designed for monitoring and evaluation of projects rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'data source' preceding it implies it is a repository or infrastructure that manages data, and not individual data records itself. It\u2019s critical to note that while systems like this may contain structured data, they are not themselves datasets when they function more as tools or platforms organizing and analyzing data rather than being collections of data in a traditional sense. The model may have categorized it as a dataset due to its format, phrasing, or potential capitalized name that suggests a key component in the data landscape, leading to confusion between the system's role and the definition of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not a dataset in this context; it is better characterized as a management system that provides a source of data rather than a collection of discrete data records." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 33 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description People who benefitted from improved water supply services that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project. Per UNICEF-WHO Joint Monitoring Program definition, \u201c improved water sources \u201d include piped household connection ( house or yard connections ), public standpipe, boreholes, protected dug well, protected spring and rainwater collection, and do not include unprotected well, unprotected spring, surface water ( river, pond, dam, lake, stream, irrigation channel ), or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MEW / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 727, + 743, + "named" + ], + [ + 106, + 114, + "Refugee Database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'Refugee Database' refers to a structured collection of data related to refugees, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Data Source\u2019", + "described as a database" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Refugee Database' appears in a clear context where it is listed among other data sources, specifically following 'Data Source', which establishes it as a reference point for the data used in analysis. Given that it's explicitly labeled as a 'database', it strongly indicates a structured collection of data related to refugees. The inclusion alongside other recognized datasets further supports its functioning as a dataset in this context. While it could potentially be misconstrued as a project or system, the structure of the sentence provides adequate clarity that speaks to its role as a source of data, aligning with the other data sources mentioned. Therefore, I assess that this term behaves as a dataset mention since it is distinctly categorized within a data source enumeration.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset since it is explicitly identified as a database and listed among other data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 34 Indicator Name of which citizens in host communities Definition / Description People who benefitted from improved water supply services that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project. Per UNICEF-WHO Joint Monitoring Program definition, \u201c improved water sources \u201d include piped household connection ( house or yard connections ), public standpipe, boreholes, protected dug well, protected spring and rainwater collection, and do not include unprotected well, unprotected spring, surface water ( river, pond, dam, lake, stream, irrigation channel ), or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 698, + 714, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M & E system is a structured collection of data used to monitor and evaluate water supply services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'MWE M & E system' appears among other clearly defined data sources like 'NWSC Area performance reports' and 'Refugee Database.' However, it is explicitly described as a system, implying that it is primarily an infrastructure or tool for monitoring and evaluation rather than a discrete dataset itself. Though the phrase 'data source' follows it, suggesting it might contain data, it indicates that the MWE M & E system is the source of the data rather than a dataset in the traditional sense. The presence of multiple data sources leads to potential confusion, as the model may equate 'system' with 'dataset,' especially since it is capitalized and resembles a proper name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The MWE M & E system is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as a management information system rather than a discrete data source, thus classifying it more as infrastructure than as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 45, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 34 Indicator Name of which citizens in host communities Definition / Description People who benefitted from improved water supply services that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project. Per UNICEF-WHO Joint Monitoring Program definition, \u201c improved water sources \u201d include piped household connection ( house or yard connections ), public standpipe, boreholes, protected dug well, protected spring and rainwater collection, and do not include unprotected well, unprotected spring, surface water ( river, pond, dam, lake, stream, irrigation channel ), or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 763, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "listed with data sources", + "capitalized and resembles a proper name" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' appears within a list of other data sources. The presence of other data sources like 'MWE M & E system' and 'NWSC Area performance reports' supports that it is being treated as a source of information relevant to the project. The capitalization of the term and its listing with various well-defined data sources subtly indicate it functions similarly to them, which gives the impression of being a structured dataset. Although it could be a management information system that organizes records, the surrounding context does not provide explicit clarifications indicating it is merely a tool or infrastructure; thus, I evaluated it as a dataset due to its functional role in data collection for monitoring and evaluation. Confusion might arise for models because 'database' could imply an MIS, but given the phrasing, it carries a dataset-like connotation in its use and surrounding context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset because it is listed alongside other known data sources and suggests a structured collection used for monitoring and evaluation." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 35 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 241, + 257, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 156, + "MWE M & E system <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 35 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating water and sanitation services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned among various data sources", + "described as a system", + "not explicitly presented as a dataset for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the MWE M & E system is enumerated among other data sources, which includes explicit datasets like 'NWSC Area performance reports' and 'Refugee Database.' However, the description of the MWE M & E system leans toward it being a management information system that may store or organize data but does not itself serve as a direct dataset meant for analysis. The mention of 'system' indicates infrastructure, rather than a specific dataset containing structured records, which is the criterion I would apply to determine a true dataset. Therefore, despite being a valuable source of information, it functions more as a tool or framework rather than an explicit dataset in this context. The confusion may arise due to its placement in a list of other data sources and the lack of clarity about whether it is used directly for analysis. Models often misinterpret mentions following 'data sources' to signify that they are also datasets, but in this case, the context indicates a different function.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The MWE M & E system does not qualify as a dataset in this context because it is described more as a management information system that may store data rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 35 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 290, + 306, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 35 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation in the context of water and sanitation services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Data Source\u2019", + "described as a structured collection related to refugees" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' is clearly listed as a data source within the scope of evaluating water and sanitation service access. It is presented alongside other recognized sources and seems to function as a repository for specific data relevant to the project's objectives. The phrasing suggests that the database is providing structured data, as opposed to being merely a system or tool. The possibility for confusion could arise from the term 'database', which might imply a broader system used to manage data rather than a fixed dataset itself. However, given that it is directly used as a source in the analysis of performance indicators, it is more appropriate to classify it as a dataset in this context. Furthermore, there is no immediate indication that it is merely an overarching project or management system without a specific data focus, which supports the conclusion that it represents an actual collection of data rather than just a tool or infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Refugee Database' behaves as a dataset because it is explicitly included as a data source for performance indicators in the project context, suggesting that it serves as a structured repository of records, rather than just a management or information system." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 46, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 35 Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 777, + 793, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and NWSC Indicator Name People provided with access to improved sanitation services - Female ( RMS requirement ) Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation in the context of water and sanitation services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source'", + "described in the context of monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Refugee Database' is listed under 'Data Source' and appears alongside other clearly defined data sources like the MWE M&E system and NWSC Area performance reports. This signals that it serves a specific role in data collection, particularly in monitoring and evaluating services provided to refugees. While it could potentially be viewed as a misnamed system or project, the language used indicates it functions as a structured collection of relevant data for the indicators discussed. The model may have identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized form as a proper noun, the contextual placement within a data source framework, and potential ambiguity around whether it's a project or data collection tool. However, given the specific mentions of its use in the evaluation context, I believe it should be treated as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset here because it is cited as a data source within a framework for monitoring and evaluation, fitting into the context of structured data related to refugees." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 36 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description People benefitted from improved sanitation facilities that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project, including: pit latrine with slab, ventilated improved pit ( VIP ) latrine, composting toilet, and flush or pour-flush toilet / latrine to piped sewer system and septic tank, and fecal sludge treatment plants. It also includes shared sanitation facilities built in institutions and public places. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 613, + 629, + "named" + ], + [ + 106, + 114, + "MWE M & E system <> reference population" + ], + [ + 268, + 289, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ], + [ + 291, + 330, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ], + [ + 332, + 349, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ], + [ + 355, + 429, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating the impact of water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MWE M & E system' is clearly mentioned alongside other data sources, suggesting it plays a role in providing data. However, since it is referred to as a system, it indicates that its primary function is as a management infrastructure for monitoring and evaluation rather than just a dataset itself. The mention of 'MWE M & E system' does not explicitly state that it provides the data in a structured format directly used for analysis but instead implies a broader functional capability. This raises a confusion point because the term might seem like a traditional dataset due to its position in the list, but it is not presented as a concrete collection of records to be analyzed on its own. A model may have picked this up as a dataset due to its structured sounding name and its listing alongside known datasets, which could easily lead to the assumption that it behaves like a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not a dataset in this context; it functions as a management information system that supports data capture and evaluation rather than being a direct data source in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 36 Indicator Name of which refugees Definition / Description People benefitted from improved sanitation facilities that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project, including: pit latrine with slab, ventilated improved pit ( VIP ) latrine, composting toilet, and flush or pour-flush toilet / latrine to piped sewer system and septic tank, and fecal sludge treatment plants. It also includes shared sanitation facilities built in institutions and public places. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 662, + 678, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Refugee Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 106, + 114, + "Refugee Database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 291, + 330, + "Refugee Database <> data description" + ], + [ + 355, + 429, + "Refugee Database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation in the context of the World Bank project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source Primary sources include:'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' is listed among other primary data sources which indicates that it should be regarded as a dataset rather than just a management information system or project. Since it appears after 'Data Source Primary sources include:' it indicates that the Refugee Database is used directly for data analysis and reporting purposes in a structured manner. Although it could indicate a system managing refugee-related data, its mention here alongside other primary data sources supports the interpretation that it is being treated as a dataset for monitoring and evaluation. Therefore, the model\u2019s confusion likely stemmed from its name which feels like it could relate to systems or projects, but the specific context of data usage clarifies its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly included in a list of primary data sources, indicating its direct use for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 37 Indicator Name of which citizens in host communities Definition / Description People benefitted from improved sanitation facilities that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project, including: pit latrine with slab, ventilated improved pit ( VIP ) latrine, composting toilet, and flush or pour-flush toilet / latrine to piped sewer system and septic tank, and fecal sludge treatment plants. It also includes shared sanitation facilities built in institutions and public places. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 633, + 649, + "named" + ], + [ + 311, + 350, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ], + [ + 970, + 985, + "MWE M & E system <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating the impact of water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "only mentioned as part of a structured data collection framework" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MWE M & E system' does not behave as a dataset in the traditional sense. It is surrounded by clearly identified datasets such as 'NWSC Area performance reports' and 'Refugee Database', which are established data sources. The phrase 'Data Source Primary sources include:' also indicates that what follows is a list of data sources. The term 'MWE M & E system' is best understood as a management information system designed for monitoring and evaluation rather than a standalone dataset. This confusion might arise since it is part of a list that includes actual datasets, and could be perceived as a data source itself. However, the context indicates that it acts more as a tool/structure for organizing data rather than a dataset containing discrete records or datasets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' is not considered a dataset in this context as it functions primarily as a management information system rather than a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 37 Indicator Name of which citizens in host communities Definition / Description People benefitted from improved sanitation facilities that have been constructed or rehabilitated under the project, including: pit latrine with slab, ventilated improved pit ( VIP ) latrine, composting toilet, and flush or pour-flush toilet / latrine to piped sewer system and septic tank, and fecal sludge treatment plants. It also includes shared sanitation facilities built in institutions and public places. Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 682, + 698, + "named" + ], + [ + 311, + 350, + "Refugee Database <> data description" + ], + [ + 375, + 449, + "Refugee Database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation in the context of the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source Primary sources include:'", + "likely implies a structured collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Refugee Database' is listed in a paragraph detailing primary data sources used for monitoring and evaluation. It appears alongside other identifiable data sources such as the MWE M & E system and NWSC Area performance reports. The phrase 'Data Source Primary sources include:' clearly indicates these are expected to be sources of structured data for analysis. While the term 'Database' might suggest it could be an information system or tool that contains data, the context clearly presents it as a source of data necessary for the project's evaluation. This could lead to confusion for a model given that it contains the word 'Database', which is commonly associated with structured systems. However, the surrounding context establishes it as a dataset rather than just infrastructure or an administrative tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Refugee Database is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly listed as a primary data source in the context of data collection and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 38 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Piped household water connections ( constructed or rehabilitated ) resulting from the project interventions Definition / Description Piped household water connection is defined as a connection that provides piped water to the consumer through either a house or yard connection. It does not include, inter alia, standpipes, protected well, borehole, protected spring, piped water provided through tanker trucks, or vendors, unprotected wells, unprotected spring, rivers, ponds and other surface water bodies, or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 744, + 760, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It does not include, inter alia, standpipes, protected well, borehole, protected spring, piped water provided through tanker trucks, or vendors, unprotected wells, unprotected spring, rivers, ponds and other surface water bodies, or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M&E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating water management and development projects.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data source", + "enumerated alongside known reports and databases", + "described as a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'MWE M & E system' is referenced as a primary source of data but is characterized as a system rather than a standalone dataset. The passage lists it alongside other sources (like reports and databases), which indicates that it serves as a repository or structure for data collection, rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The confusion may arise from the fact that it is presented in the context of data sources; however, the term 'system' suggests it is more of an operational framework for managing data rather than a discrete collection of data points. Therefore, it should not be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE M & E system' functions as an operational system for data management rather than as a distinct dataset containing records." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 38 Monitoring & Evaluation Plan: Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Piped household water connections ( constructed or rehabilitated ) resulting from the project interventions Definition / Description Piped household water connection is defined as a connection that provides piped water to the consumer through either a house or yard connection. It does not include, inter alia, standpipes, protected well, borehole, protected spring, piped water provided through tanker trucks, or vendors, unprotected wells, unprotected spring, rivers, ponds and other surface water bodies, or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 793, + 809, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It does not include, inter alia, standpipes, protected well, borehole, protected spring, piped water provided through tanker trucks, or vendors, unprotected wells, unprotected spring, rivers, ponds and other surface water bodies, or bottled water. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC Area performance reports, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "identified as a data source but lacks clarity on data structure", + "described as a database rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Refugee Database' appears within a list of primary data sources, suggesting it is an important mention. However, the term 'database' typically refers to a system or platform that stores data, rather than the actual dataset itself. While the Refugee Database may indeed contain structured data relevant to the analysis, it is crucial to determine whether the term is being treated as a data source or merely as part of a project infrastructure. In this case, it seems more aligned with project infrastructure since the text does not specify the actual data or records it contains; it simply lists the Refugee Database as part of the sources. The potential confusion arises from the capitalization and proper noun appearance of 'Refugee Database,' as well as its mention alongside clearly defined data sources. It draws the reader to consider it as a dataset when it may actually function as a broader information system that stores datasets but is not a dataset itself in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' functions more as a management information system or infrastructure than as a concrete dataset in this context, as it is described merely as a data source without clarification on its structural data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 50, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 39 Indicator Name Improved community water points ( constructed or rehabilitated ) under the project Definition / Description Number of improved community water points constructed or rehabilitated under the project. A community water point is defined as a public outlet for the provision of water supply to a number of households. Improved community water points refer to standpipes, protected dug well, borehole, or protected spring. It does not include, inter alia, unprotected wells or unprotected springs.. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC Indicator Name Precent of water and sanitations committees with women in key position in project areas Definition / Description Women holding at least one key position in water user committees for influencing or making decisions on WSS related matters. The key positions are: Chairperson, Vice Chairperson, Secretary and Treasurer. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 649, + 665, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 128, + "MWE M & E system <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE M & E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating the water management and development project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MWE M & E system' appears in a list alongside other items that are clearly identified as data sources, like the 'Refugee Database'. However, the phrase 'MWE M & E system' suggests it is a management and evaluation system, which is typically understood as infrastructure used to collect or store data rather than as a dataset itself. The previous judgment incorrectly identifies it as a dataset, possibly due to its appearance next to explicit data sources and its formal naming, which tends to indicate a structured data source. However, the context suggests it functions more as an informational system, and while it may contain datasets or records, it should not be classified as a dataset on its own. The confusion likely arises from the model's inability to distinguish between entities that merely store data versus those that are actual datasets used in analysis. Thus, despite looking like a potential dataset, it is more accurately understood as a system that facilitates data management rather than representing data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MWE M & E system' is better understood as a management information system rather than a dataset because it serves as a tool for storing and managing data rather than providing a specific set of structured records for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 50, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 39 Indicator Name Improved community water points ( constructed or rehabilitated ) under the project Definition / Description Number of improved community water points constructed or rehabilitated under the project. A community water point is defined as a public outlet for the provision of water supply to a number of households. Improved community water points refer to standpipes, protected dug well, borehole, or protected spring. It does not include, inter alia, unprotected wells or unprotected springs.. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC Indicator Name Precent of water and sanitations committees with women in key position in project areas Definition / Description Women holding at least one key position in water user committees for influencing or making decisions on WSS related matters. The key positions are: Chairperson, Vice Chairperson, Secretary and Treasurer. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 688, + 704, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Refugee Database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data used for tracking and analyzing information related to refugees, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'includes:'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context of the provided text, 'Refugee Database' is included in a list of primary data sources that support monitoring and evaluation (M&E) efforts related to refugees. The fact that it is listed alongside other entities (like the MWE M & E system and NWSC tracking tools), which appear to be structured systems used for data tracking, suggests that it is regarded as a primary source of data itself. It does not explicitly indicate that it is merely a project or a management information system, and it is treated more as an operational data resource that contributes to the analysis rather than as a tool or infrastructure. However, the term 'database' can lead to confusion because it typically denotes a system for storing data rather than the data itself. The model may have been confused due to its structured naming convention, making it look like a potentially systematic data source; incorporating this into the list strengthens its identification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' behaves as a dataset mention, as it is enumerated alongside other primary data sources used for analysis, indicating that it serves as a structured repository of relevant information." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 50, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 39 Indicator Name Improved community water points ( constructed or rehabilitated ) under the project Definition / Description Number of improved community water points constructed or rehabilitated under the project. A community water point is defined as a public outlet for the provision of water supply to a number of households. Improved community water points refer to standpipes, protected dug well, borehole, or protected spring. It does not include, inter alia, unprotected wells or unprotected springs.. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / NWSC Indicator Name Precent of water and sanitations committees with women in key position in project areas Definition / Description Women holding at least one key position in water user committees for influencing or making decisions on WSS related matters. The key positions are: Chairperson, Vice Chairperson, Secretary and Treasurer. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 709, + 714, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE M & E system, NWSC tracking tools, Refugee Database and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD progress reports, annual water and environments sector performance report and NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMiS is referenced as a data source for tracking water management indicators, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a management information system that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, UPMiS is mentioned in a list of primary sources of data, alongside other established data sources like the Refugee Database and various tools used by NWSC. However, the context does not explicitly define UPMiS as a dataset; rather, it implies that UPMiS functions as a management information system (MIS) that tracks water management indicators. The phrase 'tracking tools' associated with NWSC further indicates that these terms may refer to systems designed for monitoring or managing data rather than providing raw datasets. The ambiguity arises here because while the model extracted UPMiS likely based on its appearance in such a context, it\u2019s essential to note that just being referenced in proximity to other datasets doesn\u2019t guarantee its nature as a dataset itself. In this case, it leans more towards an infrastructure or tool using data rather than being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UPMiS is treated more as a management information system or tool for tracking indicators, rather than a concrete dataset, as it is listed with other sources without explicit clarification of being a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 401, + 426, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "monitoring and evaluation system", + "explanation": "The MWE national M & E system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation purposes, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system, not as a direct data source", + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as an M&E system, which implies a tool/support framework rather than just data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the MWE national M & E system appears in a list of both primary and secondary data sources. Despite its capitalization and formal name, the phrase 'M&E system' suggests it's more of a framework or infrastructure designed for monitoring and evaluation purposes rather than a standalone dataset that consists of records. The mention does not explicitly indicate that it serves as a direct source of structured records or measures for the analysis at hand. Rather, it seems to be part of a broader collection of data tools, as indicated by its pairing with other sources like the Refugee Database and GIS Mapping for WASH. The confusion comes from the model interpreting 'system' as something that might inherently contain data, leading it to mistakenly classify it as a dataset in this specific instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MWE national M & E system' is more accurately classified as a management information system or project that supports data analysis, rather than a dataset itself, because it is not presented as a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 428, + 444, + "named" + ], + [ + 232, + 240, + "Refugee Database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source'", + "described in a way that implies it contains structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' appears as part of a list under the 'Data Source' section, which includes multiple entries that are clearly identified as data sources used for monitoring and evaluation. The context suggests that it is used to collect structured information regarding refugees, which aligns with the definition of a dataset. Since it is capitalized, it could be mistaken as a named project or tool, but given its specific mention alongside sources that collect and store data, it strongly indicates that it is treated as a dataset in this analysis. The model might have recognized it as a 'named' dataset due to its capitalization and placement in the list, even though it could also represent a broader management information system. However, here, it functions as a discrete data source for the purpose of the analysis. Therefore, the final decision is that it behaves like a dataset because it is expected to contain structured records on refugee-related data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset because it is listed as a data source that collects structured information on refugees, despite potential ambiguity regarding its classification as a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 446, + 475, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "GIS mapping dataset", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of geographic data related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for refugees, which is used for analysis and planning.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018Data Source\u2019 category", + "described as related to mapping for WASH" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH' is included in a list of primary data sources utilized for the study, positioned alongside established information systems and databases. The context implies that this term refers to a specific source of collected data related to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for refugees. Although it initially may appear as a project or system, it clearly functions as a dataset that contains mapped information relevant to the analysis. The inclusion of 'GIS Mapping' indicates a structured set of geospatial data, which aligns it more closely with the concept of a dataset rather than just being a project name. The term's specific mention in the 'Data Source' section signals its role as a robust repository of geographical information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH' qualifies as a dataset because it is presented in the context of primary data sources and relates specifically to structured geospatial data concerning WASH issues." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 477, + 495, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "atlas", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is a structured collection of data related to water supply sources, making it a dataset used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other primary data sources", + "described in context as part of a broader information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Water Supply Atlas' is presented alongside other sources like 'MWE national M & E system' and 'Refugee Database'. Given the phrasing, it suggests the Atlas functions more as a reference tool or a part of the larger management information system rather than as an independent, structured dataset on its own. The term lacks explicit indicators that it operates as a standalone dataset for analysis. Furthermore, the inclusion of other recognized systems and databases hints at its role in gathering or organizing data rather than being a primary analytical dataset itself. The models might confuse this due to how it is framed within the context, being part of the list of sources, yet not being characterized explicitly as a dataset. Models may have struggled with the capitalization and prominence of the term which often aligns with datasets, yet in this case, it appears more as a tool or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Atlas' does not behave as a true dataset in this context but rather seems to represent a tool or system part of a broader information collection effort, thus it should not be classified as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 501, + 506, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMiS is referenced as a data source within the context of water management and development, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, UPMiS is presented among a list of primary sources, but it is described in a way that suggests it functions more as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset. The phrasing suggests that UPMiS is a system that collects and manages data rather than a dataset directly containing data to be analyzed. The term is capitalized, leading to potential confusion, as it resembles other dataset names in the list, but closer examination indicates it doesn't fulfill the criteria of being a primary data source, instead portraying the role of a data processing system. Thus, while it does store data, it doesn't meet the criteria of a dataset in this case. Models might have misunderstood it as a dataset because it appears among other named datasets and might have the structural characteristics of a dataset due to its naming convention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UPMiS is not considered a dataset in this context because it functions as a management information system and is not directly referenced as a standalone dataset, even though it is included in a list of data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 870, + 886, + "named" + ], + [ + 232, + 240, + "Refugee Database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Refugee Database is a structured collection of data related to refugees, used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source' section", + "implied use as a structured collection relevant for monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Refugee Database' is listed among other clear data sources in a dedicated 'Data Source' section. The terminology used implies that it serves as a structured collection of data relevant to the methodology described. Furthermore, the mention of its purpose in data collection suggests it is treated as a relevant source for monitoring and evaluation\u2014activities typically associated with datasets. While it does have the appearance of a system, being called a 'database,' the context provided positions it clearly as being used for data analysis rather than merely as a tool or infrastructure without direct data implications. Still, it can be confusing because the term 'database' may sound like software or a platform that processes data without clarifying its actual role as a data source in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugee Database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is part of a list of primary data sources for analysis, suggesting it is a structured collection of relevant data rather than simply an information system." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 919, + 937, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Water Supply Atlas <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is referenced as a data source for monitoring water supply, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned as part of primary sources", + "described in the context of reporting and monitoring", + "ambiguous whether it functions as a data source or a project/tool" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Water Supply Atlas' is listed among several primary sources for data collection. Although it appears to be collected with the intention of providing structured records (as indicated by its mention as a primary source), there is also a significant possibility that it functions more as a project or management information system that integrates various data rather than being a concrete dataset itself. This is complicated by the nature of the list it appears in, which both clarifies and clouds its role: while it seems to participate in data collection efforts, it lacks the explicit framing of being a standalone dataset. The text itself does not clearly delineate how 'Water Supply Atlas' is populated or maintained. Hence, while it could be relevant to analyses of water supply data, labeling it strictly as a dataset may be misleading, given potential project or system functions. A model may have overgeneralized it as a dataset due to its integral role in the context and capitalization indicating a proper name.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Atlas' is likely a structured tool or system related to water supply data integration and management, rather than a direct dataset for analysis, which is why it is assessed as not a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 51, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 40 Indicator Name People within 200m ( 0. 2km ) of an improved water source benefitted in refugees hosting districts Definition / Description Percent of refugees and citizens in host communities that have an improved water source within 200m of walking distance. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 943, + 948, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "UPMiS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWD Rural Indicator Name of which women Definition / Description Frequency Bi-annually. Data Source Primary sources include: MWE national M & E system, Refugee Database, Refugees GIS Mapping for WASH, Water Supply Atlas, and UPMiS. Secondary sources include: MWE / DWD / DWRM progress reports, annual water & environments sector performance report, NWSC annual report.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMiS is referenced as a data source within the context of water management and development, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other specific data sources", + "described as part of an M&E system", + "mentioned in connection with project reports" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, UPMiS appears amid a list of various data sources related to water management. However, it is described in conjunction with larger systems, specifically as part of the 'MWE national M & E system.' This suggests that UPMiS may function more as an information system that aggregates or organizes data, rather than existing as a standalone dataset. The presence of other sources that appear to provide more explicit data, as well as the contextual description around UPMiS, indicates that it is likely more of a management tool than a concrete dataset in and of itself. The model might have identified UPMiS as a dataset because it was capitalized and was part of a list of data sources, leading to potential confusion between operational frameworks and actual data collections.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UPMiS is likely an information management system rather than a distinct dataset, as it is presented within the context of an M&E system and does not stand alone as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 55, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 44 Indicator Name National Water information systems established and operationalized under the project Definition / Description National water information systems established to track water data. Operationalized is defined as the systems are functional for data collection, monitoring and reporting. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWRM progress reports, annual Water & environment sector performance report and Water Supply Atlas. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and DWRM Indicator Name State of water resources reports produced to inform decision making Definition / Description State of water resources management reports developed to inform decision making. Frequency Every two years Data Source MWE / DWRM Annual reports, annual water and environment sector performance reports. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE / DWDRM", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 499, + 517, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Operationalized is defined as the systems are functional for data collection, monitoring and reporting. Frequency Bi-annually Data Source MWE / DWRM progress reports, annual Water & environment sector performance report and Water Supply Atlas. Methodology for Data Collection Responsibility for Data Collection MWE and DWRM Indicator Name State of water resources reports produced to inform decision making Definition / Description State of water resources management reports developed to inform decision making.", + "type": "atlas", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is a structured collection of data related to water supply, used for monitoring and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Data Source'", + "described as a source for monitoring and reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the mention of 'Water Supply Atlas' follows a direct reference to data sources and is included alongside other identifiable reports as part of the structured collection of data needed for operationalization in water resource management. The phrase 'data source' suggests that 'Water Supply Atlas' functions as a structured collection of data rather than merely a project name or system. There may be a slight confusion if 'Water Supply Atlas' were only a tool or framework rather than a specific dataset, but the context presents it as a source from which data is collected. Hence, I conclude that it is considered a dataset here due to its functional role in data collection, monitoring, and reporting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Water Supply Atlas' is considered a dataset because it is clearly referred to as a data source in conjunction with other reports and serves a defined purpose in data collection and monitoring." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 64, + "text": "Specific activities include ( a ) undertaking catchment management measures to promote soil and water conservation, river bank protection and restoration; and ( b ) and providing alternative livelihoods for affected communities. The proposed component will include a TA to prepare a Water Resources Strategy for the Albert WMZ, CMPs and related technical studies for priority sub-catchments in identified hot spot sub catchments, and a national groundwater management study; and ( c ) activities to strengthen water resource monitoring and information systems, including installation of the WIS at the national and WMZ levels, installation of hydrologic monitoring systems, and rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory. 27. Apart from the national support to IWRM, this component will mainly support activities in the Upper Nile and Kyoga WMZs ( where most of the WSS investments financed under this Project and the WMDP are located ). This component will contribute to national, regional, and local stakeholders \u2019 capacity to apply an IWRM approach to infrastructure development.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 591, + 594, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Specific activities include ( a ) undertaking catchment management measures to promote soil and water conservation, river bank protection and restoration; and ( b ) and providing alternative livelihoods for affected communities. The proposed component will include a TA to prepare a Water Resources Strategy for the Albert WMZ, CMPs and related technical studies for priority sub-catchments in identified hot spot sub catchments, and a national groundwater management study; and ( c ) activities to strengthen water resource monitoring and information systems, including installation of the WIS at the national and WMZ levels, installation of hydrologic monitoring systems, and rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory. 27.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "WIS refers to a Water Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Water Information System", + "followed by activities to strengthen water resource monitoring", + "mentioned in the context of installation, indicating it's a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WIS' stands for Water Information System, which is clearly described as a system that supports monitoring and information management. While it is referenced in a manner that suggests it could contain data, the overall language frames it as a tool or infrastructure being installed for broader purposes, rather than as a specific dataset. The prior mentions of strengthening water resource monitoring and installing the WIS suggest its role as a system supporting data collection rather than being a dataset per se. The confusion could arise from its capitalization and incorporation with terms related to data activities, leading models to regard it as a direct data source. However, since the direction and linguistic framing imply functionality rather than pure data storage or access, it is best classified as a system and not a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WIS is classified as a system that supports data management and monitoring activities, not as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 67, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 56 systems. Groundwater development is also being considered for small-scale irrigation and other uses as an adaptation measure to climate change and in situations where surface water sources are not available at a reasonable cost. Despite Uganda \u2019 s growing dependency on groundwater, concerns remain over its sustainability. The problems associated with excessive groundwater development are very localized. Effective planning and management strategies to regulate and control groundwater activities are key to ensuring that the groundwater is utilized sustainably to address unmet water demands. The availability of groundwater and its vulnerability to human and climatic impacts needs to be further assessed given that many towns and RGCS are using groundwater for solar-powered water schemes. 32. This component will support a comprehensive groundwater assessment and the development of a toolkit to inform further development of groundwater. The toolkit will include guidelines on aquifer utilization as well as reports and maps showing the aquifers \u2019 characteristics, distribution, and responses to pumping. This work will be closely coordinated with the implementation of Component 1 to ensure that the WSS investments are adequately guided on the potential for and sustainability of groundwater development, the spacing of production boreholes as well as the pumping regimes. The information generated will be fed into the WIS for use in future groundwater development projects. Water Information System 33.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1511, + 1514, + "named" + ], + [ + 319, + 325, + "WIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1052, + 1085, + "WIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1097, + 1113, + "WIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This work will be closely coordinated with the implementation of Component 1 to ensure that the WSS investments are adequately guided on the potential for and sustainability of groundwater development, the spacing of production boreholes as well as the pumping regimes. The information generated will be fed into the WIS for use in future groundwater development projects. Water Information System 33.", + "type": "water information system", + "explanation": "WIS refers to a structured collection of data related to groundwater and water management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Water Information System", + "mentioned in the context of being fed information for future projects", + "not explicitly stated as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WIS' is referred to as a Water Information System, which typically suggests it is an infrastructure or platform designed to store and manage data rather than a dataset in itself. The text indicates that information generated will be fed into WIS which implies it is a repository or system rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion may arise because the model detects 'WIS' in a context relevant to data management and future project planning, which can lead to an assumption that it is a dataset. However, since it is explicitly discussed as a system and not described in a manner that directly equates it to a dataset, it is more appropriate to categorize it as an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'WIS' is an information system rather than a dataset because it acts as a repository for data to be used in future projects rather than containing data directly." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 67, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 56 systems. Groundwater development is also being considered for small-scale irrigation and other uses as an adaptation measure to climate change and in situations where surface water sources are not available at a reasonable cost. Despite Uganda \u2019 s growing dependency on groundwater, concerns remain over its sustainability. The problems associated with excessive groundwater development are very localized. Effective planning and management strategies to regulate and control groundwater activities are key to ensuring that the groundwater is utilized sustainably to address unmet water demands. The availability of groundwater and its vulnerability to human and climatic impacts needs to be further assessed given that many towns and RGCS are using groundwater for solar-powered water schemes. 32. This component will support a comprehensive groundwater assessment and the development of a toolkit to inform further development of groundwater. The toolkit will include guidelines on aquifer utilization as well as reports and maps showing the aquifers \u2019 characteristics, distribution, and responses to pumping. This work will be closely coordinated with the implementation of Component 1 to ensure that the WSS investments are adequately guided on the potential for and sustainability of groundwater development, the spacing of production boreholes as well as the pumping regimes. The information generated will be fed into the WIS for use in future groundwater development projects. Water Information System 33.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1567, + 1591, + "named" + ], + [ + 319, + 325, + "Water Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1052, + 1085, + "Water Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1097, + 1113, + "Water Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1511, + 1514, + "Water Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The information generated will be fed into the WIS for use in future groundwater development projects. Water Information System 33.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Information System is a structured collection of data related to groundwater and water management, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that stores information", + "used in future groundwater development projects", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Water Information System' refers to the infrastructure or system that aggregates and stores data related to groundwater, rather than a concrete dataset itself. While it is indeed a source of information, it functions more like a management information system (MIS) where data is collated and made accessible for future use in projects. This distinction is critical; the text indicates that this system is intended for future projects instead of being described as a 'dataset' that is currently utilized for empirical analysis. The previous judgment mistook it as a dataset likely due to the formal name and its perceived significance in the management of water data, compounded by the use of terms like 'information generated'. However, there is no indication that data from this system is being actively analyzed or referenced as a dataset in this scenario. It presents as a system that supports data workflows rather than a static collection of data points ready for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Information System' is better understood as a management information system or platform rather than a distinct dataset in this context, as it does not directly provide empirical data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 67, + "text": "A robust and reliable water resources monitoring network is key to the operationalization of the IWRM framework and to building Uganda \u2019 s resilience to climatic variation. A review of the water monitoring network carried out by the DWRM in 2005 showed that there is insufficient baseline data on groundwater as well as monitoring of boreholes to represent the full range of hydrogeological and climatic conditions in Uganda. For surface water, the review revealed that the operational gauges are inadequate and that the digitized data are not transmitted to a central processing center due to lack of a data transmission interface with an automated sensor. To address these issues, the WMDP supported the strengthening and expansion of the existing hydrological, hydrometeorological, water quality monitoring network in the Kyoga and Upper Nile WMZs as well as the design of a comprehensive WIS that integrates the hydrological information system, spatial data system, information management system, knowledge management system, and data management system. The WMDP supported the development of the detailed design of the National WIS, which will now be implemented at the national and regional level in all WMZs through this project. 34. In addition, the Project will further improve water resources monitoring by providing additional monitoring stations and equipment to monitor surface water, groundwater, water quality, and climate variations. The Project will also support the use of online remote sensing equipment to enable real-time monitoring and improve the quality and timeliness of data collection for the WIS. The Project will also support the rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory. Component 4: Project Implementation and Institutional Strengthening ( US $ 5. 5 million of which national IDA US $ 5. 0 million and counterpart funds US $ 0. 5 million ) This component will finance activities designed to ensure effective and efficient Project implementation and coordination as well as institutional strengthening to support WSS service delivery reforms. Project management activities will include ( a ) coordination of planning, monitoring, reporting and supervision of the Project; ( b ) training of MWE and NWSC staff on World Bank procedures related to procurement,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 892, + 895, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For surface water, the review revealed that the operational gauges are inadequate and that the digitized data are not transmitted to a central processing center due to lack of a data transmission interface with an automated sensor. To address these issues, the WMDP supported the strengthening and expansion of the existing hydrological, hydrometeorological, water quality monitoring network in the Kyoga and Upper Nile WMZs as well as the design of a comprehensive WIS that integrates the hydrological information system, spatial data system, information management system, knowledge management system, and data management system. The WMDP supported the development of the detailed design of the National WIS, which will now be implemented at the national and regional level in all WMZs through this project.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "WIS refers to a Water Information System, which is a framework or system for managing water-related data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system and not as a concrete dataset", + "described as integrating various information systems", + "refers to a comprehensive design rather than specific records or data outputs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WIS' stands for Water Information System, which is characterized as a framework or system designed to integrate and manage various types of water-related information. The text specifically describes its role in improving the operational framework around water data, mentioning that it integrates multiple systems such as hydrological information, spatial data systems, and management systems. These are all components that suggest an infrastructure rather than a specific dataset. The term 'integrates' particularly indicates that WIS is about the organization and processing of data rather than a collection of data itself. A model might be confused here, as 'WIS' is an acronym that capitalizes and resembles a proper name. It appears in the phrasing similar to a data source but lacks explicit reference as a dataset, leading to potential misclassification based on its context in the sentence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WIS is not treated as a dataset here because it represents a system or framework for managing water-related data rather than a direct source of structured data. The context explicitly positions it as an integrating tool for different information systems." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 67, + "text": "A robust and reliable water resources monitoring network is key to the operationalization of the IWRM framework and to building Uganda \u2019 s resilience to climatic variation. A review of the water monitoring network carried out by the DWRM in 2005 showed that there is insufficient baseline data on groundwater as well as monitoring of boreholes to represent the full range of hydrogeological and climatic conditions in Uganda. For surface water, the review revealed that the operational gauges are inadequate and that the digitized data are not transmitted to a central processing center due to lack of a data transmission interface with an automated sensor. To address these issues, the WMDP supported the strengthening and expansion of the existing hydrological, hydrometeorological, water quality monitoring network in the Kyoga and Upper Nile WMZs as well as the design of a comprehensive WIS that integrates the hydrological information system, spatial data system, information management system, knowledge management system, and data management system. The WMDP supported the development of the detailed design of the National WIS, which will now be implemented at the national and regional level in all WMZs through this project. 34. In addition, the Project will further improve water resources monitoring by providing additional monitoring stations and equipment to monitor surface water, groundwater, water quality, and climate variations. The Project will also support the use of online remote sensing equipment to enable real-time monitoring and improve the quality and timeliness of data collection for the WIS. The Project will also support the rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory. Component 4: Project Implementation and Institutional Strengthening ( US $ 5. 5 million of which national IDA US $ 5. 0 million and counterpart funds US $ 0. 5 million ) This component will finance activities designed to ensure effective and efficient Project implementation and coordination as well as institutional strengthening to support WSS service delivery reforms. Project management activities will include ( a ) coordination of planning, monitoring, reporting and supervision of the Project; ( b ) training of MWE and NWSC staff on World Bank procedures related to procurement,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1123, + 1135, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To address these issues, the WMDP supported the strengthening and expansion of the existing hydrological, hydrometeorological, water quality monitoring network in the Kyoga and Upper Nile WMZs as well as the design of a comprehensive WIS that integrates the hydrological information system, spatial data system, information management system, knowledge management system, and data management system. The WMDP supported the development of the detailed design of the National WIS, which will now be implemented at the national and regional level in all WMZs through this project. 34.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The National WIS refers to a water information system, which is a framework or tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a water information system", + "mentioned as part of a comprehensive WIS framework", + "not explicitly stated to contain structured data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National WIS' refers to a water information system rather than an actual dataset. It is part of a broader framework involving various systems like hydrological information, spatial data, and data management systems. The use of 'strengthening' and 'expansion' indicates that the focus is on improving the infrastructure for data management rather than providing a structured collection of data records. The text also frames it within a project context, suggesting it's an initiative rather than a standalone dataset. This could confuse a model to think of it as a dataset since it appears to be a defined system and is capitalized, making it seem like a proper noun that ought to signify a dataset. However, without explicit references to it providing data or being used as a primary source of data, it's clear that this term refers to a system that organizes and manages data rather than containing it itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National WIS' is not a dataset in this context but rather an information system designed to manage water-related data. It is framed as a project or system rather than a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 67, + "text": "A robust and reliable water resources monitoring network is key to the operationalization of the IWRM framework and to building Uganda \u2019 s resilience to climatic variation. A review of the water monitoring network carried out by the DWRM in 2005 showed that there is insufficient baseline data on groundwater as well as monitoring of boreholes to represent the full range of hydrogeological and climatic conditions in Uganda. For surface water, the review revealed that the operational gauges are inadequate and that the digitized data are not transmitted to a central processing center due to lack of a data transmission interface with an automated sensor. To address these issues, the WMDP supported the strengthening and expansion of the existing hydrological, hydrometeorological, water quality monitoring network in the Kyoga and Upper Nile WMZs as well as the design of a comprehensive WIS that integrates the hydrological information system, spatial data system, information management system, knowledge management system, and data management system. The WMDP supported the development of the detailed design of the National WIS, which will now be implemented at the national and regional level in all WMZs through this project. 34. In addition, the Project will further improve water resources monitoring by providing additional monitoring stations and equipment to monitor surface water, groundwater, water quality, and climate variations. The Project will also support the use of online remote sensing equipment to enable real-time monitoring and improve the quality and timeliness of data collection for the WIS. The Project will also support the rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory. Component 4: Project Implementation and Institutional Strengthening ( US $ 5. 5 million of which national IDA US $ 5. 0 million and counterpart funds US $ 0. 5 million ) This component will finance activities designed to ensure effective and efficient Project implementation and coordination as well as institutional strengthening to support WSS service delivery reforms. Project management activities will include ( a ) coordination of planning, monitoring, reporting and supervision of the Project; ( b ) training of MWE and NWSC staff on World Bank procedures related to procurement,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1619, + 1622, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, the Project will further improve water resources monitoring by providing additional monitoring stations and equipment to monitor surface water, groundwater, water quality, and climate variations. The Project will also support the use of online remote sensing equipment to enable real-time monitoring and improve the quality and timeliness of data collection for the WIS. The Project will also support the rehabilitation of the National Water Quality Reference Laboratory.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "WIS refers to a Water Information System, which is a framework or system for managing water-related data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for managing data", + "supports use of online remote sensing equipment", + "mentioned in the context of improving monitoring rather than as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WIS' refers to a Water Information System rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase \"the Project will support the use of online remote sensing equipment to enable real-time monitoring and improve the quality and timeliness of data collection for the WIS\" suggests that WIS is an overarching system that facilitates data collection rather than being a collection of structured data itself. The use of the term 'system' indicates that it acts more as infrastructure that houses or processes data instead of a defined dataset. A model could easily misinterpret this since it follows a supportive phrasing and is capitalized, making it seem like a distinct entity akin to a dataset. Furthermore, it wasn't parsed with a clear definition of containing datasets but rather as an enabler of data collection, which complicates the interpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "WIS is not treated as a dataset here because it is referred to as a system that manages data collection rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 68, + "text": "The MWE is currently developing an SSIP for 2018 \u2013 2023. Recent developments and trends and the foreseeable donor commitments indicate that it is unlikely that Uganda will have adequate WSS funding to achieve the national sector targets and SDGs. The new SSIP will make this funding gap visible, but more support is needed to address this challenge. Therefore, this component will support a sector financing study to support the MWE leadership make strategic decisions given limited resources and explore new financing opportunities from internal and external sources ( including public - private partnership [ PPP ], commercial financing, and green infrastructure investments ). 38. Strengthening WSS regulatory functions. This component will finance TA and capacity building to strengthen the regulatory functions of the MWE. A recent comprehensive assessment and ongoing projects financed by other DPs have been considered in the design of this component to increase synergies in the consolidation of the water sector. The Project will finance training for national and regional regulatory unit staff and service providers on the sector performance monitoring framework, the O & M institutional framework, and other relevant regulatory areas. The planned improvements to UPMIS system ( under Component 1 ) will facilitate the monitoring of performance and compliance of umbrellas with improved information / data quality and reporting by the umbrellas. Umbrella Water Authority Model Background 39. In 2002, the GoU launched the UO to provide O & M support to water authorities in small towns and rural areas. To date, the UWAs have played a key role in keeping the systems functional by providing high-level technical and managerial support. In addition, the UWAs have provided financial support for major repairs, training, and water quality monitoring. The GoU and donors subsidize the UWAs \u2019 services. 40. Despite the effectiveness of the Umbrella support model, the small towns and RGCs have struggled to provide sustainable day-to-day O & M, employ preventative maintenance, and properly", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1274, + 1279, + "named" + ], + [ + 160, + 166, + "UPMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1373, + 1382, + "UPMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1505, + 1509, + "UPMIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1563, + 1580, + "UPMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Project will finance training for national and regional regulatory unit staff and service providers on the sector performance monitoring framework, the O & M institutional framework, and other relevant regulatory areas. The planned improvements to UPMIS system ( under Component 1 ) will facilitate the monitoring of performance and compliance of umbrellas with improved information / data quality and reporting by the umbrellas. Umbrella Water Authority Model Background 39.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMIS refers to a system that facilitates the monitoring of performance and compliance, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for analysis in the water sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned in the context of improving performance monitoring", + "indicated as a method to enhance data quality and reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this passage, 'UPMIS' is explicitly referred to as a 'system' designed to improve the monitoring of performance and compliance within a specific regulatory framework. While it clearly relates to data quality and is improved to facilitate better reporting, there's no direct indication that it is a standalone dataset. The context leans more towards describing UPMIS as a tool or management information system rather than presenting it as a concrete data repository. This could cause confusion since it may seem like UPMIS is involved in data collection or analysis, but the emphasis here is on its functional role as a system enhancing processes rather than serving as a distinct dataset. The model might have mistakenly classified UPMIS as a dataset due to its capitalization, which resembles proper names and the context around data quality, which suggests a data-focused operation, yet it lacks the attributes of a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, UPMIS is viewed as a system that assists with performance monitoring rather than as a dataset. The language used emphasizes its role in improving data reporting and compliance, pointing to it as part of a broader infrastructure rather than a standalone source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 74, + "text": "The department has a senior accountant and several accounts assistants. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with the IFMS. However, this system is only operational for government funds, and the Project module is not yet fully operational. As a result, Project financial reports cannot be generated directly from the IFMS. The accounting section also has a unit that handles the WMDP that has fully qualified accounting staff. Although the unit has a large number of staff, only three are senior ( at the level of officer and above ), which affects decision-making. The current WMDP has a financial management specialist ( FMS ) who is qualified and experienced and is expected to be dedicated for the Project. It also has the position of assistant FMS that fell vacant recently and will be filled in due course. With this level of staffing, there will be sufficient hands to manage the implementation of the Project. 10. The MWE has an Internal Audit Unit comprising four internal auditors seconded from the MoFPED \u2019 s Department of Internal Audit. There is also an audit committee in place at the MoFPED to which the Internal Audit Unit reports. The committee meets quarterly to review internal audit findings and the actions that have been taken to address them.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 127, + 131, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The department has a senior accountant and several accounts assistants. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with the IFMS. However, this system is only operational for government funds, and the Project module is not yet fully operational.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a software tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Integrated Financial Management System", + "not mentioned as a data source", + "indicates operational status for government funds", + "focus is on software tool rather than on data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'IFMS' stands for Integrated Financial Management System, which is indicative of a software tool designed for managing financial information rather than being a direct source of data. The context clearly describes the system's operational capabilities and the fact that it is computerized but does not label it as a dataset. The presence of phrases like 'the main accounts of the MWE are computerized' signals that the term refers to a system rather than a dataset. A model might have confused 'IFMS' for a dataset due to its specific naming (suggestive of being a closed entity) and its placement; however, it does not possess the typical indicators or attributes of a dataset that holds concrete records or data used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' refers to a system used for financial management, not a dataset, as it is clearly described as software infrastructure rather than a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 74, + "text": "The department has a senior accountant and several accounts assistants. The main accounts of the MWE are computerized with the IFMS. However, this system is only operational for government funds, and the Project module is not yet fully operational. As a result, Project financial reports cannot be generated directly from the IFMS. The accounting section also has a unit that handles the WMDP that has fully qualified accounting staff. Although the unit has a large number of staff, only three are senior ( at the level of officer and above ), which affects decision-making. The current WMDP has a financial management specialist ( FMS ) who is qualified and experienced and is expected to be dedicated for the Project. It also has the position of assistant FMS that fell vacant recently and will be filled in due course. With this level of staffing, there will be sufficient hands to manage the implementation of the Project. 10. The MWE has an Internal Audit Unit comprising four internal auditors seconded from the MoFPED \u2019 s Department of Internal Audit. There is also an audit committee in place at the MoFPED to which the Internal Audit Unit reports. The committee meets quarterly to review internal audit findings and the actions that have been taken to address them.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 326, + 330, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, this system is only operational for government funds, and the Project module is not yet fully operational. As a result, Project financial reports cannot be generated directly from the IFMS. The accounting section also has a unit that handles the WMDP that has fully qualified accounting staff.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a software tool used for managing financial data, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system not fully operational", + "described in the context of handling financial data, not a dataset", + "Project module not fully operational indicates system limitations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'IFMS', it is clear from the empirical context that it refers to an Integrated Financial Management System rather than being treated as a dataset. The phrase 'this system is only operational for government funds' emphasizes its role as a tool or software for managing financial information. Additionally, the context mentions that project financial reports cannot be generated directly from it, indicating that IFMS does not serve as a direct collection of structured data for analysis. This distinction is crucial because the system is for financial management rather than being explicitly identified as a data source. The model might have confused it as a dataset based on its capitalization and presence in a sentence that reflects functionality, but the overall description clearly shows it is more accurately an infrastructure tool. The use case and functionality described lean towards operational management rather than a dataset for analytical use.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' is not a dataset, as it refers to a system used for managing financial data, which is not yet fully operational in generating relevant reports." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 74, + "text": "The MWE \u2019 s Permanent Secretary ensures that action is taken to implement internal audit recommendations and where action is not taken, the findings are also reported in the external audit report. The audit committee closely follows up on the action taken by the MWE as part of its oversight role. The Project \u2019 s financial statements will be audited by the Auditor General in accordance with statutory requirements, auditing standards, and suitable ToRs. Regarding internal controls, the internal audit function in the MWE works well. However, improvements will be required for the Project during implementation, given the Project \u2019 s countrywide coverage. Actions are required to improve timely submission of the MWE \u2019 s internal audit review reports and to fully operationalize the Project module of the IFMS. 11. For the NWSC, the Project \u2019 s transactions will be managed within its existing setup. The activities and transactions will be approved and authorized by the Managing Director. All transactions will have to be processed in accordance with the policies and procedures of the NWSC. The NWSC has a fully functional Finance and Accounts Department headed by the Deputy Managing Director of Finance and Corporate", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 807, + 811, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, improvements will be required for the Project during implementation, given the Project \u2019 s countrywide coverage. Actions are required to improve timely submission of the MWE \u2019 s internal audit review reports and to fully operationalize the Project module of the IFMS. 11.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a tool or application for managing financial transactions, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project module", + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "project context does not indicate it's a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'IFMS' is clearly referred to as the 'Project module of the IFMS,' which indicates that it is a functional part of the broader Integrated Financial Management System. In this context, it's not being mentioned as a source of data but rather as a component that requires operational improvement. The phrase 'Project during implementation' and the explicit focus on the actions needed for internal audit reports further highlight that IFMS is linked to project and system management rather than serving as a defined dataset. Potential confusion may arise from the model's extraction logic, as 'IFMS' is capitalized and appears in a context suggesting importance, which could lead to it being interpreted as a dataset. However, given the terminology used, such as 'module,' it is more accurately understood as a tool rather than a dataset of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IFMS is not a dataset; it refers to a management information system module related to project operations, lacking the characteristics of a defined structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 66 and Corporate Strategy. It is expected that acceptable FM arrangements will continue to be in place throughout Project effectiveness and implementation. 18. Key risks envisaged under the current Project are the following: ( a ) ministry internal audit review reports are not shared regularly with the World Bank. This is risky given the number of ongoing activities and spread of operations where such reviews give management needed assurance of fiduciary status; and ( b ) the IFMS has not been fully operationalized at the ministry, which increases the risk of errors and accuracy of financial reports. These same risks affect the new project under preparation. 19. The conclusion of the assessment is that the FM arrangements for the Project have an overall risk rating of Moderate. Procurement 20. The Borrower will carry out procurement under the proposed Project in accordance with the World Bank \u2019 s \u2018 Procurement Regulations for IPF Borrowers \u2019 ( Procurement Regulations ), dated July 2016 and revised in November 2017, under the NPF; the \u2018 Guidelines on Preventing and Combating Fraud and Corruption in Projects Financed by IBRD Loans and IDA Credits and Grants, dated July 1, 2016; and other provisions stipulated in the Financing Agreement. 21.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 560, + 564, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Key risks envisaged under the current Project are the following: ( a ) ministry internal audit review reports are not shared regularly with the World Bank. This is risky given the number of ongoing activities and spread of operations where such reviews give management needed assurance of fiduciary status; and ( b ) the IFMS has not been fully operationalized at the ministry, which increases the risk of errors and accuracy of financial reports. These same risks affect the new project under preparation.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMS refers to an Integrated Financial Management System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Integrated Financial Management System", + "not operationalized at the ministry", + "mentioned as a source of risk rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' is referenced specifically as an Integrated Financial Management System, which indicates that it operates primarily as a tool designed to manage financial data rather than serve as a dataset itself. The text emphasizes that the system is not fully operationalized at the ministry and discusses the associated risks rather than detailing specific data outputs. This distinction leads me to classify it unequivocally as a system rather than a dataset. A model might confuse it with a dataset because it follows discussion of audit reports and is involved in the management of data; however, it does not function independently as a standalone dataset for research or analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMS' is not a dataset but rather an Integrated Financial Management System that is being discussed in terms of its operational status and associated risks." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 78, + "text": "Draft bidding documents under Sub-components 1. 1 and Component 2 for Busia and Mbale have been submitted to the Bank and bidding documents for Gulu will be ready by the end of October 2018. Request for Expression of Interest ( REOI ) for construction supervision for Busia and Mbale will be published in July 2018. The risk identification for the MWE and the NWSC and risk mitigation plan are based on the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System. Based on the assessment, the Project procurement risk rating is High. The key risks and risk mitigation action plan are indicated in Table 2. 1. The residual risks after the implementation of the mitigation measures would be reduced to Substantial. 24. Use of national procurement procedures. Due to recent changes in Uganda \u2019 s procurement legal framework, Uganda National Procurement Procedures are not in line with the World Bank Procurement Regulations Section V - Para 5. 4 National Procurement Procedures.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 407, + 456, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Request for Expression of Interest ( REOI ) for construction supervision for Busia and Mbale will be published in July 2018. The risk identification for the MWE and the NWSC and risk mitigation plan are based on the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System. Based on the assessment, the Project procurement risk rating is High.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a system for assessing and managing procurement risks, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for risk assessment and management", + "based on the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System, indicating it is a tool rather than a dataset", + "does not enumerate alongside other datasets in the passage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System' appears to refer to an actual management information system (MIS) used to assess and manage procurement risk. The phrase structure 'based on...' indicates that this system provides a framework or methodology rather than a structured set of data records. While it is capitalized and could be interpreted as a proper name, its function in the sentence clarifies that it serves as a tool for assessment rather than a standalone dataset that collects or holds data. A model could easily confuse this term as a dataset due to its formal naming and the context it appears in, which suggests it is serving as a source for some analysis. However, it is clear from the wording that it is the system governing the management of risk rather than direct data output or a database.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the term is identified as a system for assessing and managing procurement risks, rather than a concrete dataset containing structured data records." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 82 77. An integrated M & E system will be developed and implemented as part of the Project to support implementation and reporting. The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels. The OPM utilized the Refugees Response Portal. The OPM is also currently developing a new refugee database and service provider performance monitoring and tracking system. The new integrated M & E system will interface with various systems to consolidate data storage and facilitate information management. Specific Project information related to procurement, disbursements, and environmental and safeguards implementation will also be integrated in the new M & E system. The development and implementation of this M & E system is expected to be centralized at the MWE. Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Co-benefits 78. An assessment of climate co-benefits for the Project was conducted for Components 1 to 3. A quantitative analysis was conducted to estimate the Project ' s impact on GHG emissions and to value the externality using the shadow price of carbon ( Annex 4 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 364, + 385, + "named" + ], + [ + 270, + 293, + "Water Supply Database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Database is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and managing water supply performance.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other systems and platforms", + "mentioned as a tool utilized by MWE, not clearly as a data source", + "described alongside operations and financial tracking systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the 'Water Supply Database' is listed among tools and systems used for collecting sector performance data but is not explicitly stated to be a primary source of structured records. It follows the institution (MWE) which suggests its functional role might be more about data management rather than being a distinct dataset. The use of the word 'database' typically implies a structure for storing and organizing data, but it does not automatically indicate that it is a dataset itself. Furthermore, since it is mentioned alongside 'Water Supply Atlas' and 'UPMIS,' it reinforces the sense that these are tools or systems that support the MWE's operations rather than data sources in their own right. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization and the appearance of the term as a named entity, which often suggests a specific dataset, but here it functions more as part of a collection of systems and tools.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Database' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as part of a suite of tools utilized by an organization, rather than as a standalone source of data. Its role appears to lean toward functioning as a management system rather than a specific dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 82 77. An integrated M & E system will be developed and implemented as part of the Project to support implementation and reporting. The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels. The OPM utilized the Refugees Response Portal. The OPM is also currently developing a new refugee database and service provider performance monitoring and tracking system. The new integrated M & E system will interface with various systems to consolidate data storage and facilitate information management. Specific Project information related to procurement, disbursements, and environmental and safeguards implementation will also be integrated in the new M & E system. The development and implementation of this M & E system is expected to be centralized at the MWE. Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Co-benefits 78. An assessment of climate co-benefits for the Project was conducted for Components 1 to 3. A quantitative analysis was conducted to estimate the Project ' s impact on GHG emissions and to value the externality using the shadow price of carbon ( Annex 4 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 387, + 405, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Water Supply Atlas is mentioned as a database used for collecting sector performance data, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other databases and monitoring platforms", + "uses 'Water Supply Atlas' in context of collection, not as a standalone dataset", + "implies operational tool rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context, the 'Water Supply Atlas' appears as part of a collection process in conjunction with other platforms. The naming suggests it may function as an operational tool or a knowledge product rather than a direct source of structured records like a dataset would be. It is listed among other databases and platforms, which could indicate confusion with its role as an actual dataset. The phrasing does not provide enough specificity to classify it as a distinct dataset rather than an overarching project or system responsible for collating data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Water Supply Atlas' likely serves as a framework or project for managing and visualizing water supply data, but it is not clearly defined as a distinct dataset based on the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 82 77. An integrated M & E system will be developed and implemented as part of the Project to support implementation and reporting. The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels. The OPM utilized the Refugees Response Portal. The OPM is also currently developing a new refugee database and service provider performance monitoring and tracking system. The new integrated M & E system will interface with various systems to consolidate data storage and facilitate information management. Specific Project information related to procurement, disbursements, and environmental and safeguards implementation will also be integrated in the new M & E system. The development and implementation of this M & E system is expected to be centralized at the MWE. Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Co-benefits 78. An assessment of climate co-benefits for the Project was conducted for Components 1 to 3. A quantitative analysis was conducted to estimate the Project ' s impact on GHG emissions and to value the externality using the shadow price of carbon ( Annex 4 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 415, + 420, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "UPMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 270, + 293, + "UPMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "UPMIS is mentioned as a database used for collecting sector performance data, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other databases and monitoring platforms", + "described as a system rather than a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context given, 'UPMIS' is associated with other systems that MWE utilizes for tracking, implying that it functions largely as an information system rather than a direct dataset. Although it collects sector performance data, the phrasing suggests it is a tool or system in the operational context of the MWE. The previous judgment seems to stem from its identification as a 'database', which can lead to misunderstanding because databases often house the data but are considered management systems or software rather than datasets themselves. The context indicates that other databases are named explicitly, while 'UPMIS' is listed as part of a collection of operational systems, which points to its role as infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. Therefore, it is necessary to delineate between tools that manage data and the actual datasets that result from those tools.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "UPMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it functions primarily as an operational system used by MWE rather than a direct collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Integrated Water Management and Development Project ( P163782 ) 82 77. An integrated M & E system will be developed and implemented as part of the Project to support implementation and reporting. The MWE, NWSC, and other agencies are currently collecting sector performance data in different databases and monitoring platforms. The MWE utilizes the Water Supply Database, Water Supply Atlas, and the UPMIS. The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels. The OPM utilized the Refugees Response Portal. The OPM is also currently developing a new refugee database and service provider performance monitoring and tracking system. The new integrated M & E system will interface with various systems to consolidate data storage and facilitate information management. Specific Project information related to procurement, disbursements, and environmental and safeguards implementation will also be integrated in the new M & E system. The development and implementation of this M & E system is expected to be centralized at the MWE. Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Co-benefits 78. An assessment of climate co-benefits for the Project was conducted for Components 1 to 3. A quantitative analysis was conducted to estimate the Project ' s impact on GHG emissions and to value the externality using the shadow price of carbon ( Annex 4 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 543, + 567, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MWE utilizes operations and financial tracking systems at its headquarters and district levels. The OPM utilized the Refugees Response Portal. The OPM is also currently developing a new refugee database and service provider performance monitoring and tracking system.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Refugees Response Portal is a platform or tool, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool rather than a data source", + "described within the context of operations and financial tracking systems", + "not described as containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Refugees Response Portal' appears to function primarily as a tool or platform utilized by the OPM (Operational Project Management), rather than as a collection of structured datasets that could be directly used for analysis or research. The sentence preceding the mention indicates its function as part of a broader operational context, specifically being utilized alongside other systems at headquarters and district levels without explicitly establishing it as a data source. Additionally, the term 'database' appears later in the text along with a description of a new tracking system, which further clarifies that the Refugees Response Portal itself is not categorized as a dataset but as an operational system aiding in logistics or project management. This could lead to confusion for a model because of its capitalization and the context in which it is introduced. It may seem like a data source due to its establishment alongside other terms relating to data operations, but a closer examination indicates that it serves more as infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Refugees Response Portal' is not considered a dataset here because it is described as a platform or tool for operational management, rather than a structured collection of data used for analysis or research." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 98, + "text": "Financial prices were transformed to economic prices to eliminate market distortions caused by taxes and subsidies among other factors. A value added tax of 18 percent was used to transform financial prices to economic prices. 4. Although the Project will support the implementation of several sanitation works, this evaluation was conducted including only benefits from water interventions and applying them to the total investment cost ( including sanitation ). 5. Financial benefits were estimated as the increase in revenues and gains from efficiency improvements. The economic and financial analysis of the Project was closely coordinated with the financial analysis at the utility level to determine the impact of the Project on the utility. 6. The evaluation was conducted using 2017 prices and assuming a 20-year lifetime, a 6 percent discount rate, and an exchange rate of UGX 3, 596 to US $ 1. Current Situation of Water Service 7. According to the 2015 National Service Delivery Survey ( NSDS ), about 25 percent of the population in the dry season and 13 percent of the population in the wet season relies on unprotected / unsafe water sources. Less than 20 percent obtains drinking water from piped systems or public taps. About 50 percent relies on boreholes, protected springs, and gravity flow schemes. Household members also have to travel a considerable distance to access safe water sources.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 964, + 996, + "named" + ], + [ + 959, + 963, + "National Service Delivery Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 999, + 1003, + "National Service Delivery Survey <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Current Situation of Water Service 7. According to the 2015 National Service Delivery Survey ( NSDS ), about 25 percent of the population in the dry season and 13 percent of the population in the wet season relies on unprotected / unsafe water sources. Less than 20 percent obtains drinking water from piped systems or public taps.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Service Delivery Survey is a structured collection of data regarding water service access in the population, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to' indicating it is a source of data", + "described as a survey which implies structured data collection", + "specific data on water access provided suggests it contains statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'National Service Delivery Survey' is presented in a way that clearly suggests it is a source of structured data. The phrase 'According to the 2015 National Service Delivery Survey' indicates that this survey is being used as a foundational reference for the statistics that follow. Surveys are typically designed to gather and present data systematically, making this term very much fit the definition of a dataset in this context. The presence of quantitative findings about water service access adds to the clarity, establishing it as more than just a project name or system. A model might confuse it if it only identifies keywords, like 'survey' or 'delivery,' without considering the context that indicates it serves as a direct data source here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'National Service Delivery Survey' functions as a dataset because it is explicitly cited as the source of specific statistical data regarding water service access, making it a clear reference for structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 112, + "text": "Project Proposal. \u201d 61 MWE. 2009. \u201c Strategic Sector Investment Plan for the Water and Sanitation Sector in Uganda. \u201d The costs were adjusted to 2017 using the inflation rate during the period ( 55 percent ). 62 UBOS. National Household Survey 2016 \u2013 2017. Page 106. Average monthly income per household in the West Nile region. 63 UBOS. NSDS 2016. 56 minutes corresponds to time spent in rural areas and 33 minutes corresponds to urban areas. 64 GIZ. 2016. \u201c Refugees and Water Resources Management in Northern Uganda. \u201d 65 The same cost is obtained assuming the cost of the truck calculation was based on the price of 10, 000 L water truck was US $ 30, 000, 7-year life span, 5 percent maintenance cost, plus repairs, gas, driver cost, and water from the NWSC. The resulting value is half as much what the humanitarian aid and civil protection reports in its assessment of solar water schemes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 218, + 243, + "named" + ], + [ + 145, + 149, + "National Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 212, + 216, + "National Household Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 244, + 255, + "National Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 267, + 303, + "National Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 311, + 327, + "National Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 332, + 336, + "National Household Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 343, + 347, + "National Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "62 UBOS. National Household Survey 2016 \u2013 2017. Page 106.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household income and other demographic information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "refers to a specific time frame, suggesting a structured data collection", + "appears to represent a formal data collection initiative" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Household Survey' seems to indicate a specific structured collection of data used to analyze household characteristics over a defined period. The phrase contains elements that suggest it is not merely a project or system; instead, it acts as a defined dataset associated with demographic research. The mention of a specific time frame (2016 - 2017) adds to the evidence that this is not just a vague project but a formal data collection initiative aimed at understanding household dynamics. The model may have missed this signal and not distinguished adequately between projects that gather data versus the data sets themselves. However, the specific naming convention and the context imply that this is a dataset designed for statistical analysis, elevating its status to that of an actual dataset rather than just infrastructure or a management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Household Survey' is treated as a legitimate dataset in this context because it refers to a structured collection of data collected over a specific time frame for research purposes, thus indicating it serves as a data source rather than merely naming a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "087_UGANDA-PAD-05252018", + "page": 112, + "text": "Project Proposal. \u201d 61 MWE. 2009. \u201c Strategic Sector Investment Plan for the Water and Sanitation Sector in Uganda. \u201d The costs were adjusted to 2017 using the inflation rate during the period ( 55 percent ). 62 UBOS. National Household Survey 2016 \u2013 2017. Page 106. Average monthly income per household in the West Nile region. 63 UBOS. NSDS 2016. 56 minutes corresponds to time spent in rural areas and 33 minutes corresponds to urban areas. 64 GIZ. 2016. \u201c Refugees and Water Resources Management in Northern Uganda. \u201d 65 The same cost is obtained assuming the cost of the truck calculation was based on the price of 10, 000 L water truck was US $ 30, 000, 7-year life span, 5 percent maintenance cost, plus repairs, gas, driver cost, and water from the NWSC. The resulting value is half as much what the humanitarian aid and civil protection reports in its assessment of solar water schemes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 338, + 342, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "63 UBOS. NSDS 2016. 56 minutes corresponds to time spent in rural areas and 33 minutes corresponds to urban areas.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "NSDS refers to a program or strategy rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list with another item (UBOS) but lacks explicit mention as a data source", + "does not follow 'uses data from', 'based on', or similar phrases", + "not described as containing structured records or data", + "appears to refer to a strategic document or program rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'NSDS' appears to be referenced as part of a broader strategic context rather than as a dataset itself. The phrase \u201863 UBOS. NSDS 2016\u2026\u2019 suggests that it may be related to a specific time allocation study, but there is no explicit indication that NSDS provides the data or is a structured database. The model may have confused 'NSDS' for a dataset due to the naming convention, its capitalized format (suggesting proper title usage), and its presence next to another potentially recognized dataset in 'UBOS'. However, there is no clarification in the surrounding text that indicates NSDS contains or provides access to data in a systematic way, leading to the conclusion that it serves more as a program or framework than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NSDS is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it appears to refer to a strategic document or program rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "088_UGANDA-PAD-04272018", + "page": 16, + "text": "The Program scope will also be expanded to better align with NDP II goals of wealth creation as well as the World Bank ' s twin goals on ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. Various elements have been introduced into the design of the AF to strengthen participating MLGs impact on promoting local economic development ( LED ) and job creation. Local firms in the formal sector face considerable constraints in establishing and sustaining their businesses, limiting prospects for the creation of more and better jobs. For example, according to World Bank Enterprise Survey Data for Uganda ( 2013 ), the main constraints include infrastructure deficits and access to land; regulatory barriers and corruption; and access to finance20. LGs have a role in helping or hindering the alleviation of these constraints to support private sector development and, consequently, job creation. The recent study undertaken by the World Bank / Ministry of Local Government ( MoLG ) on LED21 highlighted that LGs are currently doing little in this direction, with their main relationship with the private sector centering on tax collection and requests for donations. The study outlined some of the constraints faced by the private sector which are within the mandate of LGs. These fell under the four broad categories of infrastructure deficits, regulatory barriers, absence of enterprise support and institutional capacity gaps within LGs. 23.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 561, + 594, + "named" + ], + [ + 108, + 118, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 362, + 373, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 561, + 571, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 599, + 605, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 608, + 612, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 645, + 687, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 689, + 723, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 933, + 943, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Local firms in the formal sector face considerable constraints in establishing and sustaining their businesses, limiting prospects for the creation of more and better jobs. For example, according to World Bank Enterprise Survey Data for Uganda ( 2013 ), the main constraints include infrastructure deficits and access to land; regulatory barriers and corruption; and access to finance20. LGs have a role in helping or hindering the alleviation of these constraints to support private sector development and, consequently, job creation.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey conducted by the World Bank, which is used for research and analysis on enterprise constraints.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as survey data", + "provides specific context about constraints and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'World Bank Enterprise Survey Data' is referenced in a way that attributes specific findings about constraints faced by local firms to the data collected through a structured survey. The phrase 'according to' indicates that the data is being used as a definitive source to support claims about business constraints in Uganda. The term is described clearly as survey data, which aligns with how datasets are typically referenced. While it could be interpreted as a broader project or information system run by the World Bank, the context heavily suggests that it is indeed about the specific dataset resulting from surveys (i.e., 'World Bank Enterprise Survey') rather than infrastructure. The confusion might arise because the term contains 'World Bank,' which could be seen as a project name or program, but the direct contextual cues of datasets and the nature of how it is used in the sentence clarify that it refers to a dataset. There is no explicit description of it as only a project or system; the focus remains on its role in research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This occurrence of 'World Bank Enterprise Survey Data' is treated as a dataset because it is directly referenced in support of specific findings related to business constraints, and it is described as survey data collected by the World Bank." + }, + { + "filename": "089_UGANDA-PAD-04272018", + "page": 16, + "text": "The Program scope will also be expanded to better align with NDP II goals of wealth creation as well as the World Bank ' s twin goals on ending extreme poverty and boosting shared prosperity. Various elements have been introduced into the design of the AF to strengthen participating MLGs impact on promoting local economic development ( LED ) and job creation. Local firms in the formal sector face considerable constraints in establishing and sustaining their businesses, limiting prospects for the creation of more and better jobs. For example, according to World Bank Enterprise Survey Data for Uganda ( 2013 ), the main constraints include infrastructure deficits and access to land; regulatory barriers and corruption; and access to finance20. LGs have a role in helping or hindering the alleviation of these constraints to support private sector development and, consequently, job creation. The recent study undertaken by the World Bank / Ministry of Local Government ( MoLG ) on LED21 highlighted that LGs are currently doing little in this direction, with their main relationship with the private sector centering on tax collection and requests for donations. The study outlined some of the constraints faced by the private sector which are within the mandate of LGs. These fell under the four broad categories of infrastructure deficits, regulatory barriers, absence of enterprise support and institutional capacity gaps within LGs. 23.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 561, + 594, + "named" + ], + [ + 108, + 118, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 362, + 373, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 561, + 571, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 599, + 605, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 608, + 612, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 645, + 687, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 933, + 943, + "World Bank Enterprise Survey Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Local firms in the formal sector face considerable constraints in establishing and sustaining their businesses, limiting prospects for the creation of more and better jobs. For example, according to World Bank Enterprise Survey Data for Uganda ( 2013 ), the main constraints include infrastructure deficits and access to land; regulatory barriers and corruption; and access to finance20. LGs have a role in helping or hindering the alleviation of these constraints to support private sector development and, consequently, job creation.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey conducted by the World Bank, which is used for research and analysis on enterprise constraints.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as data from a survey", + "specific reference to the year and location indicates structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'World Bank Enterprise Survey Data' clearly refers to a dataset resulting from a structured survey conducted by the World Bank. The phrase 'according to' before the term indicates that the text is leveraging the findings from this specific dataset to support statements about the constraints faced by local firms. The additional indicators such as the mention of the specific geographical context (Uganda) and year (2013) further reinforce that it is not a mere project or system but a concrete source of collected data. While it is capitalized and appears as a proper name, its explicit association with survey data clearly delineates it as a dataset rather than a broad project or tool that might house data. Therefore, I believe the initial assessment that it is indeed a dataset is justified.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term represents a structured collection of data collected through an enterprise survey, which is used for empirical analysis in the text, indicating that it should be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "090_Djibouti-Public-Admin-PAD-PAD2604-04062018", + "page": 21, + "text": "The World Bank Public Administration Modernization Project ( P162904 ) Page 18 of 69 \u2022 New Tax Administration Information System deployed; \u2022 Upgrade of the Customs Administration Information System; \u2022 Number of systems connected to the Government \u2019 s interoperable platform; \u2022 Percentage increase of transactions initiated per CSC per year; \u2022 Citizens involved in the design and delivery of e-services ( disaggregated by gender ); and \u2022 Percentage of CSC users satisfied with provided e-services ( disaggregated by gender ). 30. Other process and output indicators will be monitored over the life cycle of the Project. III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. Project Components Component 1: Strengthening e-government Foundation and Institutional Building ( US $ 9. 5 million ) 31. The expected outcomes of this component are to establish a strong foundation and enabling environment for e-government and ensure that people, including vulnerable groups \u2014 people with disabilities, the poor, women, the elderly, ethnic minorities, and the rural population \u2014 have increased access to modernized services. This component consists of three interrelated subcomponents, including ( a ) the development of a digital platform and e-services, ( b ) the establishment of a CSC pilot, and ( c ) institution building. A gradual and phased approach will be pursued in the development and provision of e-services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 156, + 197, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Public Administration Modernization Project ( P162904 ) Page 18 of 69 \u2022 New Tax Administration Information System deployed; \u2022 Upgrade of the Customs Administration Information System; \u2022 Number of systems connected to the Government \u2019 s interoperable platform; \u2022 Percentage increase of transactions initiated per CSC per year; \u2022 Citizens involved in the design and delivery of e-services ( disaggregated by gender ); and \u2022 Percentage of CSC users satisfied with provided e-services ( disaggregated by gender ). 30.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Customs Administration Information System refers to a system for managing customs data and processes, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an information system", + "enumerated alongside other systems", + "described primarily as a project rather than as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Customs Administration Information System' is presented in a list format where the context indicates it is part of various systems related to tax and customs processes. It is specifically described as an information system, which signals that it likely serves as a tool or platform for managing customs data rather than a structured dataset intended for statistical analysis or research. The inclusion of the word 'system' typically implies infrastructure rather than a source of data collection. The extraction model might have been confused because it follows a format that resembles other mentions of datasets (e.g., numerical data and user satisfaction metrics) and is capitalized, giving it a named appearance. However, in this context, it lacks the explicit indication of being used as a data source for research or analysis. Additionally, the surrounding terms do not clarify any statistical or qualitative analyses being directly driven by this information system; instead, they indicate its function as part of a broader project and system architecture.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Customs Administration Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as an information system \u2013 more of an infrastructure to support customs processes rather than a standalone dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "090_Djibouti-Public-Admin-PAD-PAD2604-04062018", + "page": 27, + "text": "Similarly, in Albania, the project highlighted the importance of business process simplification for increased efficiency, piloting of CSC to allow for learning and adaptation, and development of a short message service ( SMS ) - based Citizen Feedback Mechanism ( CFM ) to close the feedback loop. To date, the CFM system has reached over 187, 000 citizens to solicit feedback regarding service delivery. 16 The Djibouti Social Safety Net Project is a World Bank-funded project, with an Additional Financing that also supports the Social Registry and National Social Protection Strategy. The registry currently contains information about 42, 000 households, exceeding the target of 20, 000. The collection of biometric data about these households has been launched and biometric information about 33, 000 beneficiaries has been registered. The Djibouti Public Administration Modernization Project will be collaborating closely with the safety net project team. The Project will build on lessons learned from the enrollment and registration phase conducted by the Social Affairs Department.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 532, + 547, + "named" + ], + [ + 639, + 657, + "Social Registry <> reference population" + ], + [ + 710, + 724, + "Social Registry <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To date, the CFM system has reached over 187, 000 citizens to solicit feedback regarding service delivery. 16 The Djibouti Social Safety Net Project is a World Bank-funded project, with an Additional Financing that also supports the Social Registry and National Social Protection Strategy. The registry currently contains information about 42, 000 households, exceeding the target of 20, 000.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Social Registry is a structured collection of data containing information about households, making it a dataset used for social protection analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing information about households", + "follows mention of a project that includes the Social Registry", + "contained data is structured and relevant for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Social Registry' refers to a structured database that contains specific records about households. The phrasing in the context explicitly states that it 'currently contains information' about 42,000 households, which clearly indicates it serves as a dataset for social safety analyses. While the Social Registry is indeed associated with a project (the Djibouti Social Safety Net Project), it does not act merely as a tool or infrastructure in this case; rather, it is highlighted as a significant source of relevant data used for analysis, especially in a social protection framework. This makes it a valid mention of a dataset. The confusion might arise from the fact it is mentioned alongside a project, which might suggest it could be a mere component rather than a standalone data source, but the explicit mention of data content solidifies its designation as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Social Registry' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly stated to contain structured information about households, making it an essential source of data for analysis related to social protection." + }, + { + "filename": "090_Djibouti-Public-Admin-PAD-PAD2604-04062018", + "page": 50, + "text": "They are able to generate real-time statistics on their production capability, as well as utilization of services based on these IDs. \u2022 In the past year, the Safety Net Program at the Ministry of Social Affairs has started an initiative to register poor people using biometric information of beneficiaries, which includes pictures and fingerprints of 10 fingers. The ID printed is a simple card with biographic information and a picture. A total of 33, 000 beneficiaries have been enrolled and 7, 000 families have been registered. Key program challenges include ( a ) the availability of the whole family to be able to enroll them; ( b ) difficulties in taking fingerprints for labor workers due to extended hand usage; and ( c ) difficulties in taking superior quality pictures during rural enrollment, as the environment is very dusty. At present, biometric information is not used except for the picture for authentication because it is difficult to use biometrics in a rural setting where communication and card readers are not available. 14. The support for the development of the foundation e-ID system is a major priority for the Government, which has to deal with a large inflow of migrants fleeing conflict situations and social unrest", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1098, + 1109, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "14. The support for the development of the foundation e-ID system is a major priority for the Government, which has to deal with a large inflow of migrants fleeing conflict situations and social unrest", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The e-ID system refers to a program for developing an electronic identification system, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "described as a project priority", + "not enumerated with data sources or datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'e-ID system' refers to an initiative aimed at creating an electronic identification system, as explicitly indicated by the context that discusses its role as a governmental priority. It does not convey that it is a collection of data or statistics itself, but rather that it is a project or system intended to frame identification efforts for managing migrant inflows. The phrase does not introduce data usage, analysis, or reference to specific datasets but focuses more on the project's importance to government policy. The potential confusion for models might arise from the use of 'system', which can suggest data handling capabilities; however, without direct evidence of it being treated as a dataset within the analysis, it is more apt to classify this term as a project rather than a dataset. Such projects often house data but themselves aren't considered datasets unless explicitly defined as such in their role as data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'e-ID system' refers to an initiative for developing an identification methodology and does not denote a structured collection of data in this context; thus, it is better classified as a project and not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 2, + "text": "DRFM Directorate of Financial Resources and Equipment ( Direction des Ressources Financi\u00e8res et Mat\u00e9rielles ) DRH Human Resources Department ( Direction des Ressources Humaines ) DSCE Growth and Employment Strategy Paper ( Document de Strat\u00e9gie pour la Croissance et l \u2019 Emploi ) ECAM Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ) ECD Early Childhood Development EEP Eligible Expenditure Program EiE EMIS Education in Emergency Education Management Information System ENIEG Teacher Training Institute ( Ecoles Normales d \u2019 Instituteurs de l \u2019 Enseignement G\u00e9n\u00e9ral ) ERSP Education Reform Support Project ESMF Environmental and Social Managemental Framework ESS Education Sector Strategy 2013 ( Document de Strat\u00e9gie du Secteur de l \u2019 Education et de la Formation 2013 ) FCGDO Fiscal Consolidation and Growth Development Policy Operation FM Financial Management GDP Gross Domestic Product GER Gross Enrollment Rate GPE Global Partnership for Education HSPRP Health System Performance Reinforcement Project IDA International Development Association IDB Islamic Development Bank IDF Institutional Development Fund IDP Internally Displaced Person IUFR Interim Unaudited Financial Report INS Institut National de Statistique ( National Institute of Statistics ) IPF Investment Project Financing IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan IPPF Indigenous Peoples Plan Framework ISP Implementation Support Plan IVA Independent Verification Agency LEG Local Education Group MDG Millennium Development Goal MINATD Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Administration Territoriale et de la D\u00e9centralisation ) MINEDUB Ministry of Basic Education ( Minist\u00e8re de l ' Education de Base ) MINEFOP Ministry of Employment and Professional", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 285, + 317, + "named" + ], + [ + 292, + 300, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 718, + 722, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DRFM Directorate of Financial Resources and Equipment ( Direction des Ressources Financi\u00e8res et Mat\u00e9rielles ) DRH Human Resources Department ( Direction des Ressources Humaines ) DSCE Growth and Employment Strategy Paper ( Document de Strat\u00e9gie pour la Croissance et l \u2019 Emploi ) ECAM Fourth Cameroon Household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ) ECD Early Childhood Development EEP Eligible Expenditure Program EiE EMIS Education in Emergency Education Management Information System ENIEG Teacher Training Institute ( Ecoles Normales d \u2019 Instituteurs de l \u2019 Enseignement G\u00e9n\u00e9ral ) ERSP Education Reform Support Project ESMF Environmental and Social Managemental Framework ESS Education Sector Strategy 2013 ( Document de Strat\u00e9gie du Secteur de l \u2019 Education et de la Formation 2013 ) FCGDO Fiscal Consolidation and Growth Development Policy Operation FM Financial Management GDP Gross Domestic Product GER Gross Enrollment Rate GPE Global Partnership for Education HSPRP Health System Performance Reinforcement Project IDA International Development Association IDB Islamic Development Bank IDF Institutional Development Fund IDP Internally Displaced Person IUFR Interim Unaudited Financial Report INS Institut National de Statistique ( National Institute of Statistics ) IPF Investment Project Financing IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan IPPF Indigenous Peoples Plan Framework ISP Implementation Support Plan IVA Independent Verification Agency LEG Local Education Group MDG Millennium Development Goal MINATD Ministry of Territorial Administration and Decentralization ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Administration Territoriale et de la D\u00e9centralisation ) MINEDUB Ministry of Basic Education ( Minist\u00e8re de l ' Education de Base ) MINEFOP Ministry of Employment and Professional", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Fourth Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described in the context of household data", + "recognized as a survey that typically generates data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' appears as part of a list that includes other terms, many of which are recognized project names or systems. However, the phrase itself is associated with a survey specifically targeting household data, which typically implies a focus on structured data collection. Surveys are often designed to gather statistics and indicators from a population, suggesting that it fulfills the role of a dataset. The model might have been confused by the presence of other project names, as they can also contain data; however, the recognized function of household surveys aligns more closely with the expectations of a dataset. There are no explicit mentions indicating that it's merely a project or system, reinforcing its position as a source of structured data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' functions as a dataset because it directly relates to the collection of structured data on households, fitting the common understanding of surveys as sources of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 13, + "text": "Poverty is disproportionately concentrated in rural areas and in the northern regions of the country. The 2014 household survey found that 56. 8 percent of rural families are poor, compared to just 8. 9 percent of urban families. 3 Overall, approximately 87 percent of the poor live in rural areas. Moreover, a majority of poor individuals are concentrated in the three northern regions of the country: the Far North, North, and Adamawa regions. More than one-half ( 56 percent ) of all poor inhabitants are located in the Far North and North regions, a significant increase from 34 percent in 2001. While poverty has increased in northern Cameroon, the incidence of poverty in the center-west of the country ( in the Littoral, Center, West, and South West regions ), as well as in Douala and Yaound\u00e9, has declined. 3. A rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened regional insecurity associated with Boko Haram activities in 2014. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred largely over the course of the past three years, following the collection of data in support of the 2014 Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM \u2013 Cameroon Household Survey ) household survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1156, + 1195, + "named" + ], + [ + 106, + 110, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> publication year" + ], + [ + 111, + 127, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> data type" + ], + [ + 156, + 170, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> reference population" + ], + [ + 323, + 339, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> reference population" + ], + [ + 429, + 444, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> data geography" + ], + [ + 969, + 973, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1151, + 1155, + "Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened regional insecurity associated with Boko Haram activities in 2014. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred largely over the course of the past three years, following the collection of data in support of the 2014 Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM \u2013 Cameroon Household Survey ) household survey.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data from a household survey conducted in Cameroon, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a household survey", + "collected data in support of the survey", + "explicit reference to a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages' clearly refers to a specific household survey conducted in Cameroon. The phrase includes the word 'survey', which typically denotes a structured collection of data collected from households, aligning with the definition of a dataset. Additionally, the mention of 'collection of data in support of the survey' strengthens the association with a dataset rather than a mere project name or a management information system. While it could be interpreted as a project name, the explicit context of it being a survey with collected records mitigates this ambiguity. Models could initially confuse it as a system due to its formal title suggesting a structured initiative; however, the clear indication of data collection makes it evident that it represents a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages' acts as a dataset because it refers explicitly to a household survey known for collecting structured data, distinguishing it from a project or a system." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 13, + "text": "Poverty is disproportionately concentrated in rural areas and in the northern regions of the country. The 2014 household survey found that 56. 8 percent of rural families are poor, compared to just 8. 9 percent of urban families. 3 Overall, approximately 87 percent of the poor live in rural areas. Moreover, a majority of poor individuals are concentrated in the three northern regions of the country: the Far North, North, and Adamawa regions. More than one-half ( 56 percent ) of all poor inhabitants are located in the Far North and North regions, a significant increase from 34 percent in 2001. While poverty has increased in northern Cameroon, the incidence of poverty in the center-west of the country ( in the Littoral, Center, West, and South West regions ), as well as in Douala and Yaound\u00e9, has declined. 3. A rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened regional insecurity associated with Boko Haram activities in 2014. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred largely over the course of the past three years, following the collection of data in support of the 2014 Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM \u2013 Cameroon Household Survey ) household survey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1205, + 1230, + "named" + ], + [ + 106, + 110, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 111, + 127, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 156, + 170, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 429, + 444, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 969, + 973, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1151, + 1155, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened regional insecurity associated with Boko Haram activities in 2014. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred largely over the course of the past three years, following the collection of data in support of the 2014 Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM \u2013 Cameroon Household Survey ) household survey.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Cameroon Household Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze poverty levels among households in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "follows \u2018collection of data in support of\u2026\u2019" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Cameroon Household Survey' is clearly demarcated as a structured data collection initiative aimed at understanding households and poverty levels in Cameroon. It is not merely a project name or a system; it explicitly indicates that data was collected through this survey, which aligns with its function as a dataset. The phrase 'collection of data in support of' directly attributes the data analysis to this survey, reinforcing its status as a dataset. The previous context implies that this survey outcome is essential to the subsequent analysis of poverty trends in the region. While the term might initially seem project-oriented, the way it is mentioned strongly suggests it serves the role of a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Cameroon Household Survey' is treated as a dataset because it explicitly refers to a structured data collection that informs analyses on poverty, following clear contextual signals about data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 13, + "text": "Therefore, ECAM \u2019 s poverty estimates for the northern regions should be considered lower bounds, since the impact of an influx of refugees and the closure of markets, roads, and frontiers was not captured. According to the 2014 ECAM, approximately 2. 4 million people are deemed food-insecure, and 250, 000 people are estimated to be suffering from acute malnutrition, because of the impact of interrupted agricultural activities and trade, population displacement, increased vulnerability, and food insecurity in the Far North region. 4. The impact of the refugee crisis has reinforced existing patterns of spatial inequity. As of November 2017, Cameroon was host to 338, 505 refugees, over 70 percent of whom originated in the Central African Republic ( CAR ), 28 percent in Nigeria, and 0. 5 percent in Chad, with the remainder 1 World Bank. 2016. Priorities for Ending Poverty and Boosting Shared Prosperity. Cameroon Systematic Country Diagnostic. Washington, DC: World Bank. 2 INS ( Institut National de Statistique ). 2014. \u201c Fourth Cameroon Household Survey, Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise Aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM 4 ) \u201d. Yaounde, Cameroon. 3 INS ( Institut National de Statistique ). 2014. \u201c Fourth Cameroon Household Survey, Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise Aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM 4 ) \u201d. Yaounde, Cameroon.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1034, + 1066, + "named" + ], + [ + 224, + 228, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 519, + 535, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 648, + 656, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 914, + 922, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 984, + 987, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1122, + 1129, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1131, + 1139, + "Fourth Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2014. \u201c Fourth Cameroon Household Survey, Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise Aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ( ECAM 4 ) \u201d. Yaounde, Cameroon.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Fourth Cameroon Household Survey (ECAM 4) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household conditions in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "explicitly named as a survey", + "implies a comprehensive dataset regarding household conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' is referred to explicitly by name and is associated with a structured data set used for research on household conditions. The mention is not ambiguous, as it directly indicates a survey that would typically encompass various data points, statistics, and records regarding households in Cameroon. This would imply that it serves as a primary data source rather than being merely a project or system. The extraction model may have been confused if it encountered similar terms referring to ongoing initiatives or management systems but, in this case, the term clearly represents a concrete dataset intended for analysis. The explicit mention of 'survey' further reinforces its identification as a structured collection of data, rather than a tool or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Fourth Cameroon Household Survey' is classified as a dataset because it is explicitly identified as a survey, which implies it is a collection of structured data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 19, + "text": "Cameroon has participated in several rounds of the PASEC and has recently carried out a national Early Grade Reading Assessment. The Government is also keen to carry out an Early Grade Mathematics Assessment in the near future. These different assessments are not anchored to a more systematic national assessment framework. This would allow for tracking student learning on a national scale, providing diagnostics and identifying solutions for improving, the education system, and equipping decision-makers with reliable and timely information to guide policy decisions, adjustments, or reforms. There is currently limited technical capacity to conduct large-scale assessments, disseminate assessment results, and provide evidence-based guidance to those responsible for curriculum reform and teacher training. ( c ) The availability and quality of education data are poor. The Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) in Cameroon is complex, with each of the four ministries of education collecting data for the subsector for which they are responsible in the absence of institutional coordination mechanisms. Despite some progress, there is still considerable variability in the quality ( completeness, timeliness, and reliability ) of data collected by each ministry. Comparability is difficult as methods for data compilation differ from one ministry to another. The EMIS for primary education, managed by MINEDUB, is perhaps the most advanced. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) is supporting the Government \u2019 s efforts to develop and link regionally comparable data and the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ) is undertaking a pilot data collection and school mapping exercise in ZEPs to capture information on various school-level indicators. With the World Bank \u2019 s technical support and financing, the Government has prepared school report cards across the country, but these are yet to be mainstreamed. 9 MINEDUB. Statistical Yearbook 2014 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 879, + 918, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( c ) The availability and quality of education data are poor. The Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) in Cameroon is complex, with each of the four ministries of education collecting data for the subsector for which they are responsible in the absence of institutional coordination mechanisms. Despite some progress, there is still considerable variability in the quality ( completeness, timeliness, and reliability ) of data collected by each ministry.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in the context of data availability and quality issues", + "not directly referred to as a data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Education Management Information System' is defined and described as a system that facilitates the management of educational data in Cameroon. The preceding discussion mentions the complexity and variability of the data collected by different ministries, indicating that EMIS serves as a tool rather than being characterized as a dataset itself. It does not present itself as a concrete collection of data or a source for analysis; instead, it highlights the challenges in data management, showing the system's role in handling records rather than being a distinct dataset. The model might be confused due to the capitalization of the term, which makes it resemble the name of a dataset, and the mention of data therein, leading to an assumption that it is a data source rather than infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' functions primarily as a management tool for educational data, without being recognized as a distinct dataset. Its description emphasizes its role in organizing and overseeing data collection rather than presenting a structured data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 19, + "text": "Cameroon has participated in several rounds of the PASEC and has recently carried out a national Early Grade Reading Assessment. The Government is also keen to carry out an Early Grade Mathematics Assessment in the near future. These different assessments are not anchored to a more systematic national assessment framework. This would allow for tracking student learning on a national scale, providing diagnostics and identifying solutions for improving, the education system, and equipping decision-makers with reliable and timely information to guide policy decisions, adjustments, or reforms. There is currently limited technical capacity to conduct large-scale assessments, disseminate assessment results, and provide evidence-based guidance to those responsible for curriculum reform and teacher training. ( c ) The availability and quality of education data are poor. The Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) in Cameroon is complex, with each of the four ministries of education collecting data for the subsector for which they are responsible in the absence of institutional coordination mechanisms. Despite some progress, there is still considerable variability in the quality ( completeness, timeliness, and reliability ) of data collected by each ministry. Comparability is difficult as methods for data compilation differ from one ministry to another. The EMIS for primary education, managed by MINEDUB, is perhaps the most advanced. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) is supporting the Government \u2019 s efforts to develop and link regionally comparable data and the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ) is undertaking a pilot data collection and school mapping exercise in ZEPs to capture information on various school-level indicators. With the World Bank \u2019 s technical support and financing, the Government has prepared school report cards across the country, but these are yet to be mainstreamed. 9 MINEDUB. Statistical Yearbook 2014 data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1380, + 1384, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Comparability is difficult as methods for data compilation differ from one ministry to another. The EMIS for primary education, managed by MINEDUB, is perhaps the most advanced. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) is supporting the Government \u2019 s efforts to develop and link regionally comparable data and the United Nations Children \u2019 s Fund ( UNICEF ) is undertaking a pilot data collection and school mapping exercise in ZEPs to capture information on various school-level indicators.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a framework for managing education data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned in the context of education data management", + "not cited as a primary data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers explicitly to an Education Management Information System, which is a system designed to manage and compile data related to education but does not represent a concrete dataset itself. The phrase 'the EMIS for primary education' indicates that it is a framework or platform administered by MINEDUB for managing educational data rather than a structured dataset that could be directly analyzed. The model may have confused 'EMIS' as a dataset mention because it follows a structure similar to that used for datasets, notably due to its capitalization, which can suggest importance, and its placement in a context that discusses data management. However, since 'EMIS' is primarily an infrastructure or tool rather than a compilation of specific records, it is better viewed as a system than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is characterized as a management information system overseeing education data rather than a clear dataset, thus it does not fit the definition of a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 20, + "text": "The Government \u2019 s vision for the education sector is elaborated in the ESS ( 2013 \u2013 2020 ). 12 The ESS informs overarching policies for the education sector as stated in the Constitution, the Loi d \u2019 Orientation de l \u2019 \u00e9ducation en 1998, the Loi d \u2019 Orientation de l \u2019 enseignement sup\u00e9rieur de 2001, the Millennium Development Goals ( MDGs ), the key pillars of the Growth and Employment Strategy Paper ( Document de Strat\u00e9gie pour la Croissance et l \u2019 Emploi, DSCE ), and engagement on the part of development partners ( DPs ) in, and support for, the sector. The ESS represents a continuum of the policies outlined in the previous ESS and focuses on promoting access and equity, improving quality and relevance, strengthening sector governance and management, and reforming education-financing mechanisms. The ESS also aims to address institutional shortcomings and introduce methods for improving M & E in the sector. The ESS \u2019 s priorities are confirmed in the Government \u2019 s vision document \u201c Cameroun emergent \u00e0 l \u2019 horizon 2035 \u201d ( Cameroon Vision 2035 ). The Government plans to update the ESS to ensure its alignment with ( a ) the Sustainable Development Goals ( SDGs ), ( b ) the education needs of refugees and IDPs, and ( c ) the findings of the upcoming midterm review ( MTR ) of the ESS ( planned for March 2018 ). 10 Local Councils are local decentralized administrative entities. For MINEDUB, each local council is a subdivision ( devolved service ). In this document, local council is used to determine areas that are affected by refugees and eventually schools that are eligible for funding from the IDA18 Refugee Sub-window ( RSW ). 11 UNESCO Institute for Statistics data, 2015. 12 MINEPAT. Document de Strat\u00e9gie du Secteur de l \u2019 Education et de la Formation, 2013-2020.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1403, + 1410, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "10 Local Councils are local decentralized administrative entities. For MINEDUB, each local council is a subdivision ( devolved service ). In this document, local council is used to determine areas that are affected by refugees and eventually schools that are eligible for funding from the IDA18 Refugee Sub-window ( RSW ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEDUB refers to the Ministry of Basic Education in Cameroon, which is an organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a subdivision of local councils", + "context implies a reference to an organizational entity rather than structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINEDUB is referenced as a project or an entity under the Ministry of Basic Education related to local councils and their subdivisions. The term does not indicate that it is a structured collection of data that serves as a source for analysis but rather denotes a project framework within which local councils operate. The model may have been confused because the name 'MINEDUB' appears capitalized and is positioned in a way that could imply it was a source of data collection given its association with local councils affected by refugees. However, without explicit phrases like 'uses data from MINEDUB' or context that confirms it as an actual data repository or dataset, it is more accurately viewed as an administrative or project framework instead of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, MINEDUB does not function as a dataset but rather as an organizational identifier, indicating a project under the Ministry of Basic Education. It lacks the characteristics of a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 22 of 148 II. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES A. PDO 27. The Project Development Objective ( PDO ) is to improve equitable access to quality basic education, with a focus on selected disadvantaged areas. 28. Disadvantaged areas include the following: \u2022 Official priority zones as defined by the Government as ZEPs at the regional and divisional level ( list to be updated by the Government in the project implementation manual ( PIM ). The ESS ( 2006 ) identified the Far North, North, Adamawa, East, the border regions, and certain \u2018 pockets of low levels of school participation in the largest cities \u2019 \u2019 as \u2018 ZEPs \u2019. They will be targeted to receive additional Government support to increase access to education and improve education outcomes because these areas were lagging the rest of the country ); \u2022 Refugee-affected areas ( list of local councils16 to be updated by the Government in collaboration with the UNHCR and other projects financed with the support of the RSW each year ); \u2022 Rural areas ( an official list of rural local councils is available and will be included in the PIM ); and \u2022 Public primary schools with less than three state-paid teachers ( database at school level, limited to schools enrolling more than 100 pupils only ). B.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 513, + 516, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Disadvantaged areas include the following: \u2022 Official priority zones as defined by the Government as ZEPs at the regional and divisional level ( list to be updated by the Government in the project implementation manual ( PIM ). The ESS ( 2006 ) identified the Far North, North, Adamawa, East, the border regions, and certain \u2018 pockets of low levels of school participation in the largest cities \u2019 \u2019 as \u2018 ZEPs \u2019. They will be targeted to receive additional Government support to increase access to education and improve education outcomes because these areas were lagging the rest of the country ); \u2022 Refugee-affected areas ( list of local councils16 to be updated by the Government in collaboration with the UNHCR and other projects financed with the support of the RSW each year ); \u2022 Rural areas ( an official list of rural local councils is available and will be included in the PIM ); and \u2022 Public primary schools with less than three state-paid teachers ( database at school level, limited to schools enrolling more than 100 pupils only ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "ESS refers to an education support program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to in the context of a program", + "described in relation to identifying areas rather than providing data", + "not mentioned as a structured collection or source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "I've evaluated 'ESS' in this specific context and concluded it does not represent a dataset. The phrase mentions 'the ESS (2006)' in association with identifying areas classified as 'ZEPs' that require additional support, indicating that ESS refers to an education support scheme or program rather than a specific data repository. It does not describe 'ESS' as producing or containing structured records or datasets. Furthermore, there were no indicators that it functions as an active source of data (like 'data from'), thus it feels more like a contextual reference to a program than a data source. This distinction matters because it affects how researchers parse project names versus actual datasets. The model may have mistaken 'ESS' for a dataset due to its capitalized form and its mention in a list-like structure, but the surrounding context clarifies it is used in a descriptive manner, concerned with classification, not data provisioning.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ESS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it denotes an education support program focused on area identification rather than representing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 32, + "text": "The project aims to increase the number of children benefitting from access to CPCs meeting pre-agreed quality standards in rural areas from 8, 360 to at least 32, 360 pupils. 23 To this end, the project will support the establishment, upgrading, and functioning of at least 1, 000 CPCs in line with agreed upon standards. The project will achieve these standards at the school level by providing an integrated package of capacity-building, sensitization activities, and school grants to beneficiary CPCs. To maximize the impact of the intervention in support of the Early Years Initiative, local councils benefitting from the Social Safety Net Project intervention will be prioritized. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Increased access to pre-school in rural areas through community pre-school according to standards ( DLI 4 ). Priority Area 2: Strengthening Education System Management 49. Two results areas will be supported under this priority area: the establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system in primary and secondary education and the establishment of an integrated, operational, and functional EMIS platform. Each of these results areas are described in further detail in the following paragraphs. 50. Results Area 5: The establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1181, + 1194, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Priority Area 2: Strengthening Education System Management 49. Two results areas will be supported under this priority area: the establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system in primary and secondary education and the establishment of an integrated, operational, and functional EMIS platform. Each of these results areas are described in further detail in the following paragraphs.", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The EMIS platform refers to an integrated system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated system", + "mentioned in the context of establishing a platform for education data management", + "not presented as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'EMIS platform' is treated as an integrated system or tool designed to manage educational data rather than a specific dataset. The phrase emphasizes the establishment of a platform which implies that it serves as infrastructure for handling data rather than being the data itself. In cases like this, it is critical to distinguish between systems that contain data and the actual datasets derived from that data. The model might mistakenly identify 'EMIS platform' as a dataset because it is named distinctly and suggests it holds educational records. However, it lacks explicit phrasing indicating it is the source of structured records (i.e., it is not said to 'use data from' it). The labeling as a project or management information system reinforces the idea that 'EMIS platform' operates as a broader framework rather than a discrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This occurrence does not represent a dataset, as the 'EMIS platform' is described as a system for managing educational data rather than a specific collection of datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 33, + "text": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ). 52. While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to monitor and evaluate data effectively on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze the learning outcomes of refugees and efforts will be made toward including disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks. Priority Area 4: Supporting the educational needs of public schools in host communities affected by refugees. 53. Refugee-related project activities, estimated at US $ 36 million, fall under Results Areas 1, 3, and 7.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 108, + 112, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated education management information system", + "mentioned only in the context of supporting activities", + "focus on the system's role in the management of data rather than as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the occurrence of 'EMIS' in the provided context, it is clear that it refers to an integrated education management information system rather than a dataset itself. The text explicitly describes EMIS as a system supporting various activities, such as the development of institutional arrangements, methods, processes, equipment provision, and human resources training. These contextual signals suggest that EMIS operates as an informational infrastructure for data management rather than as a structured collection of data. Such misinterpretation may arise from the term 'EMIS' being capitalized and its resemblance to what might typically be considered a dataset. Additionally, it follows phrases indicating development and provision of systems which could mislead a model into thinking it is a data source. However, the lack of any direct indication of EMIS being treated as a repository or collection of data reinforces the understanding that it exists primarily as a tool or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a system designed for data management and administrative support in education, distinguishing it from an actual dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 33, + "text": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ). 52. While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to monitor and evaluate data effectively on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze the learning outcomes of refugees and efforts will be made toward including disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks. Priority Area 4: Supporting the educational needs of public schools in host communities affected by refugees. 53. Refugee-related project activities, estimated at US $ 36 million, fall under Results Areas 1, 3, and 7.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 346, + 350, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ).", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a program or initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "EMIS is described as an integrated education management information system", + "Mentioned as part of activities rather than as a data source", + "Focus on the establishment of systems and processes for data management rather than a dataset itself", + "Linkage to human capacity and resources in statistics and data management rather than specific data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is presented more as a program or initiative rather than a collection of structured data. It refers to the development of a management information system focused on education, which implies it supports data collection and management but does not, in itself, constitute a standalone dataset. The use of 'integrated education management information system' makes it clear that it\u2019s an overarching structure designed to manage data rather than provide data directly. The phrase 'the following activities will be supported' illustrates that EMIS is part of an initiative to strengthen educational data management, suggesting a focus on processes and infrastructure rather than specific datasets. A model might confuse this as a dataset due to its structured-sounding name (abbreviated format) and the context of data management, which could imply it holds datasets. However, it is fundamentally a system rather than a dataset. Thus, I conclude that EMIS should not be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS behaves as an integrated education management information system focused on processes and infrastructure for managing data rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 33, + "text": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ). 52. While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to monitor and evaluate data effectively on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze the learning outcomes of refugees and efforts will be made toward including disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks. Priority Area 4: Supporting the educational needs of public schools in host communities affected by refugees. 53. Refugee-related project activities, estimated at US $ 36 million, fall under Results Areas 1, 3, and 7.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 497, + 501, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a tool or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated education management information system", + "mentioned as a project for development", + "focused on establishing institutional arrangements and processes rather than direct data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is explicitly described as an 'integrated education management information system'. This indicates that it functions as a tool or framework to facilitate data collection and management rather than being a distinct dataset in itself. While it stores data, it is not referred to as a dataset, and the primary context is about institutional development and operational functionality. The term could confuse models due to its capitalized and status as a structured system involved with data management; however, the context clearly frames it as a type of infrastructure or project aimed at improving data management processes rather than as a source of data records for analysis. If the text had stated something like 'data from the EMIS was used', it may lend itself more to being recognized as a dataset, but here, it is more indicative of an overall system or project framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is not a dataset but an education management information system focused on infrastructure and processes for data management, hence the designation as false." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 33, + "text": "Under this results area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP-MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional, and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this results area will be linked to the following DLI: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( DLI 6 ). 52. While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to monitor and evaluate data effectively on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze the learning outcomes of refugees and efforts will be made toward including disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks. Priority Area 4: Supporting the educational needs of public schools in host communities affected by refugees. 53. Refugee-related project activities, estimated at US $ 36 million, fall under Results Areas 1, 3, and 7.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 924, + 928, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "52. While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to monitor and evaluate data effectively on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze the learning outcomes of refugees and efforts will be made toward including disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a tool or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside learning assessment", + "not described directly as a data source", + "refers to a management information system", + "context suggests a framework for data monitoring rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this example, even though 'EMIS' follows terminology that implies monitoring and evaluation, the text indicates that it's a management information system. The term is not given in a context that firmly identifies it as a dataset from which data is primarily analyzed or utilized. Instead, it serves as a framework for gathering and processing data related to education challenges for refugees, which is distinctive enough from being a dataset itself. The extraction model likely considered 'EMIS' as a potential dataset due to its capitalized nature, as well as its placement in a sentence that hints at data usage. However, because it is ultimately a system designed to manage information rather than a concrete set of records, this should indicate that it is not correctly classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is a management information system that helps organize and analyze educational data but is not a dataset itself, as it does not offer structured records directly." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 33, + "text": "In line with the Government \u2019 s vision, it has been agreed that the project will target host community schools. As such, benefits will accrue to both refugee children and host communities simultaneously, as most refugee children are enrolled in regular schools ( see annex 6 for details ). Expected direct beneficiaries include about 300 schools, enrolling about 150, 000 pupils, of which approximately 20, 000 are refugees. Education inputs ( for example, classrooms, teachers, teaching and learning materials, and furniture ) in the refugee-affected regions supported under the project are very limited. Providing additional support under the project to these communities will reduce the pressure on the education system that would be expected in receiving an increase in refugee students. Disaggregated data by refugee / host community status will be collected and reported under the project. Efforts will be made to gradually integrate existing refugee-related data into MINEDUB \u2019 s EMIS. 54. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools affected by refugees. The objectives of this results area are to ( a ) promote refugee welfare and inclusion in host communities \u2019 socioeconomic structure, ( b ) help ensure access and quality of services and basic infrastructure to refugees and host communities, and ( c ) supplement Government finances where these have been strained by expenditures related to their hosting responsibilities. These objectives are consistent with the IDA18 RSW resource allocation framework implementation guidelines ( details can be found in annex 2 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 987, + 991, + "named" + ], + [ + 88, + 110, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 150, + 166, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 535, + 559, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 949, + 969, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1072, + 1127, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Disaggregated data by refugee / host community status will be collected and reported under the project. Efforts will be made to gradually integrate existing refugee-related data into MINEDUB \u2019 s EMIS. 54.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured system for collecting and managing educational data, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project", + "mentioned as an information management system", + "integrating existing data into the system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that is being integrated with existing data. The text implies that EMIS is not a direct source of data itself, but rather a platform or system that organizes or manages educational data. The phrase 'integrate existing refugee-related data into MINEDUB\u2019s EMIS' suggests EMIS functions as an infrastructure for managing data, rather than being a standalone dataset used for analysis. The information leading to 'EMIS' does not indicate it serves as a dataset itself but as a management information system aimed at reporting data. This can confuse models because it aligns with typical cues for datasets (like structured data management) but more explicitly shows it is a system rather than a direct source of data for analysis. Models may think it's a dataset because of its structured nature and the way data is mentioned, but additional context indicates it\u2019s more of an organizational tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but as an information management system that can store and manage data for educational purposes, indicating it is more of an infrastructure than a standalone source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 35, + "text": "The focus of TA will be on activities critical for the attainment of DLI targets under each results area. TA for EMIS will include support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, and report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at the central and deconcentrated levels. Subcomponent 3. 2: Project management ( US $ 3 million ) 62. The objective of this subcomponent is to ensure adequate capacity for project implementation and coordination through the establishment of a Project Coordination and Management Unit ( PCMU ) within MINEDUB. This subcomponent will also finance costs associated with training, the recruitment of short - and long-term consultants, studies, surveys, M & E activities ( including independent verification of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 113, + 117, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The focus of TA will be on activities critical for the attainment of DLI targets under each results area. TA for EMIS will include support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, and report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at the central and deconcentrated levels.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an education management information system, which is a program or framework for managing educational data rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information technology platform for data management", + "focus on training in data management techniques", + "mention of support for monitoring rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System, which is primarily an infrastructure used for managing educational data rather than a concrete dataset. The term appears alongside phrases that indicate support for data management and monitoring activities, further signaling that it functions as a system rather than a data source. The focus is on the platform's functionalities, like 'data management techniques' and 'monitoring,' demonstrating that it operates as a framework for handling data rather than serving as a specific collection of datasets. The model might have been confused because 'EMIS' could sound like a distinct dataset due to its capitalization and the context in which it is discussed, but the surrounding phrasing clearly indicates it is an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not a dataset in this context; it is primarily an information system used for managing educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 35, + "text": "The focus of TA will be on activities critical for the attainment of DLI targets under each results area. TA for EMIS will include support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, and report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at the central and deconcentrated levels. Subcomponent 3. 2: Project management ( US $ 3 million ) 62. The objective of this subcomponent is to ensure adequate capacity for project implementation and coordination through the establishment of a Project Coordination and Management Unit ( PCMU ) within MINEDUB. This subcomponent will also finance costs associated with training, the recruitment of short - and long-term consultants, studies, surveys, M & E activities ( including independent verification of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 434, + 438, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "TA for EMIS will include support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, and report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at the central and deconcentrated levels. Subcomponent 3.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or framework for managing educational data rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information technology platform", + "mentioned as part of a technical assistance (TA) effort for data management", + "not enumerated with known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' is clearly identified as an 'Education Management Information System', indicating that it is a framework for managing data rather than a dataset itself. The context provides insights into its functionality, focusing on training and support for utilizing the system for various data management techniques, rather than referring to it as a specific collection of data or records. A model might have been confused due to the way 'EMIS' follows terms related to data management, which could imply it's a source of data. However, the phrasing emphasizes its role as a management system, suggesting it is more about processes and infrastructure associated with data rather than the dataset itself. This distinction is crucial; while EMIS is fundamental to data operations, it functions primarily as a tool rather than being a dataset containing discrete records or information sets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is identified as an information technology platform rather than an individual dataset, as it relates to managing educational data and not a concrete collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 48, + "text": "Name: Percentage of students having essential textbooks ( based on the new curriculum ) at public primary level ( Nationwide ) ( DLI3 ) Text 0 50 % of students of public primary schools Annual Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB Textbooks Technical Unit DEMP ( MINEDUB )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 186, + 213, + "named" + ], + [ + 6, + 55, + "Annual Statistical Yearbook <> data description" + ], + [ + 114, + 124, + "Annual Statistical Yearbook <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Name: Percentage of students having essential textbooks ( based on the new curriculum ) at public primary level ( Nationwide ) ( DLI3 ) Text 0 50 % of students of public primary schools Annual Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB Textbooks Technical Unit DEMP ( MINEDUB )", + "type": "statistical yearbook", + "explanation": "The Annual Statistical Yearbook is a structured collection of data that provides statistical information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a source providing statistical information", + "follows 'based on' indicating it's used for this analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Annual Statistical Yearbook' is associated with the collection and provision of statistical data, specifically regarding the percentage of students having essential textbooks. It follows the phrase 'based on,' which directly suggests that this yearbook serves as a source of data for the analysis presented. Although the term could potentially refer to a project or system in other contexts, here it clearly serves as a dataset due to its function of aggregating and presenting structured data. The confusion may arise because it is capitalized and positioned in the sentence in a way that suggests it could be treated as a project name, but the context strongly supports its role as a dataset. The model might have identified it as a dataset due to its formal naming conventions and connection to statistical information, even if the context might allow for multiple interpretations.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Annual Statistical Yearbook' is treated as a dataset here because it directly supplies statistical data referenced in the analysis, supported by the phrasing that indicates its use as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 49, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 46 of 148 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection have the package of 3 essential textbooks Description: 50 % of primary level students having at least 3 new essential textbooks ( English, French and Mathematics ) in public primary schools Name: Pre-primary enrollment in Community Pre-school Centers in rural areas ( DLI4 ) Number 8360. 00 32360. 00 Annual MINEDUB Database Project Secretariat Boys Number 4180. 00 16180. 00 Girls Number 4180. 00 16180. 00 Description: Rural areas are based on MINEDUB ' s school map Name: Completion of newly developed standardized national assessments for 4th and 6th grade in Academic Year 2020-2021 ( DLI5 ) Yes / No N Y Once ( Year 3 ) Assessment Report Learning Assessment Unit ( MINEDUB / MINESE C ) Description: Assessment report following standard international practice applicable to national large-scale assessments of student learning", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 519, + 535, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "MINEDUB Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 274, + 296, + "MINEDUB Database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 775, + 798, + "MINEDUB Database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 32360. 00 Annual MINEDUB Database Project Secretariat Boys Number 4180. 00 16180.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MINEDUB Database is a structured collection of data related to education metrics in Cameroon, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project", + "mentioned with a capitalized term that suggests a title", + "appears to be part of a larger title or heading" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MINEDUB Database' does carry characteristics that could suggest it\u2019s a dataset, mainly due to its proper name capitalization and the term 'Database.' However, it is situated within a sentence that suggests it is part of a project rather than a standalone dataset. The mention of 'Project Secretariat' indicates that this could likely be an initiative or infrastructure responsible for data collection rather than a discrete dataset in itself. Additionally, there is a lack of explicit phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' leading directly to this term, which usually would reinforce its status as a dataset. The model might have been confused by the structured naming and possibly assumed it was a dataset due to the context in which databases are typically referenced. This leads to a clearer distinction: while this term refers to a database that may house data, it is framed more as a project initiative supporting data management and collection, rather than a dataset to be analyzed directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'MINEDUB Database' is not considered a dataset in this context as it appears to be part of a project rather than a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 53, + "text": "Name: Integrated Statistical Yearbook available at national level ( DLI6 ) Yes / No N Y Annual ( except Years 1 and 2 ) Project Secretariat MINEDUB / MINESEC Learning Assessment Technical Unit Description: Yearbook includes information on: enrollment, infrastructures, results, scorecards and comprised disaggregated data ( by region and gender ) The yearbook covers pre-primary through higher education, including technical and vocational education and training ( TVET ) Name: Number of schools included in the Performance - based Financing ( PBF ) school Number 20. 00 3000. 00 Annual Project Secretariat Report FBP Unit / MINEDUB", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 6, + 37, + "named" + ], + [ + 51, + 65, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> data geography" + ], + [ + 303, + 321, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> data type" + ], + [ + 367, + 403, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> reference population" + ], + [ + 415, + 462, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Name: Integrated Statistical Yearbook available at national level ( DLI6 ) Yes / No N Y Annual ( except Years 1 and 2 ) Project Secretariat MINEDUB / MINESEC Learning Assessment Technical Unit Description: Yearbook includes information on: enrollment, infrastructures, results, scorecards and comprised disaggregated data ( by region and gender ) The yearbook covers pre-primary through higher education, including technical and vocational education and training ( TVET ) Name: Number of schools included in the Performance - based Financing ( PBF ) school Number 20. 00 3000.", + "type": "yearbook", + "explanation": "The Integrated Statistical Yearbook is a structured collection of data that includes information on enrollment, infrastructures, results, and disaggregated data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing disaggregated data (by region and gender)", + "includes information on enrollment, infrastructures, results, and scorecards", + "specific focus on structured data related to education" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook' is explicitly mentioned as containing various types of structured information, such as enrollment figures and infrastructure data, which supports its identity as a dataset rather than merely a project name or a system. The specific enumeration of various data points\u2014like enrollment, results, and disaggregated data\u2014provides clear evidence that this entity serves as a comprehensive data resource. While it might have been interpreted as a tool or system due to the formal naming convention and the organizational context (i.e., it is linked with educational authorities), the specific data types detailed in the description strongly align with what we would classify as a dataset. The confusion could arise from the formal tone and structure typically associated with project names or information systems, which may have led models to mislabel it at a glance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook' is indeed a dataset in this context as it is described as containing structured educational data and specific indicators, solidifying its role as a comprehensive data collection rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 63, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 60 of 148 Disbursement - linked Indicator Baseline Academic Year 2018 \u2013 19 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2019 \u2013 20 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2020 \u2013 21 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2021 \u2013 22 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2022 \u2013 23 Disbursement-linked Result unit ( d ) Student assessment conducted for primary education MINESEC approved DLI 6: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( a ) Data collection system exists, but is fragmented, with limited data availability and quality, and does not produce or analyze data in a timely manner ( b ) EMIS diagnostic completed for basic and secondary levels and available and validated DLR 6. 1: ( a ) National EMIS implementation strategy and operational plan approved ( b ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 2: ( a ) National EMIS platform developed and operational ( b ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 3: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 4: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 706, + 710, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 60 of 148 Disbursement - linked Indicator Baseline Academic Year 2018 \u2013 19 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2019 \u2013 20 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2020 \u2013 21 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2021 \u2013 22 Disbursement-linked Result Academic Year 2022 \u2013 23 Disbursement-linked Result unit ( d ) Student assessment conducted for primary education MINESEC approved DLI 6: Integrated education management information system functional and operational ( a ) Data collection system exists, but is fragmented, with limited data availability and quality, and does not produce or analyze data in a timely manner ( b ) EMIS diagnostic completed for basic and secondary levels and available and validated DLR 6. 1: ( a ) National EMIS implementation strategy and operational plan approved ( b ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an education management information system, which is a program or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an education management information system", + "mentioned within a context that discusses operational plans and strategies, not specific data", + "not referenced as a collection of records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is explicitly referred to as an 'Integrated education management information system.' The use of the term 'system' flags it as an operational framework designed to manage and process educational data rather than as a standalone dataset. There are mentions of 'data availability' and 'data quality,' which might suggest that data is handled within this system, but the surrounding phrases do not describe it as a source of data. Instead, the text discusses operational plans, strategies, and approved budgets, aiming more at the functioning and execution of the system rather than at the data it may store. A model might confuse 'EMIS' as a dataset primarily due to its capitalization and context within discussions around data, but it is clear that it functions more as a management tool or system rather than a discrete set of data records or statistics. Therefore, the decision hinges significantly on understanding how the term is employed in operational terms versus data collection capacities.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not a dataset; it refers to a management information system aimed at handling educational data and operational aspects rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 63, + "text": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 4, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an education management information system, which is a program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as an education management information system", + "described as an operational program rather than a collection of data", + "usage context suggests it is functioning in multiple regions, implying a system structure", + "not mentioned in relation to specific datasets or collections of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for Education Management Information System, which is commonly understood as a structured program used to collect, manage, and analyze education data. However, it doesn\u2019t represent a specific dataset itself; rather, it functions as an infrastructure that may house datasets. The mention of 'EMIS' discusses its operational aspects and regions served rather than focusing on it having concrete data collections or datasets available for analysis. The model may have identified 'EMIS' as a dataset due to the structured name and the context phrases; however, it lacks the clear indicators that would assign it as a dataset, as there's no discussion of specific data records or outputs being analyzed. Additionally, it is critically noted that the extraction might confuse system names with actual datasets due to their presentation in contexts that seem quantitative or data-driven.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS behaves as an education management information system rather than a concrete dataset. It is referenced in terms of its operational capacity across regions and the management of educational data, but it does not imply that it represents an analysis dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 63, + "text": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 342, + 346, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an education management information system, which is a program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an education management information system", + "mentioned as a system but not detailed as a data source", + "context refers to operational aspects rather than specific datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this text, 'EMIS' stands for an Education Management Information System. There are contextual clues that indicate it is not being treated as a dataset. For example, the phrases following it refer to operational aspects of the system, such as it being 'deconcentrated' and operational in multiple regions, which implies it functions as a program or tool used to manage and disseminate educational information rather than a structured data collection used for analysis. Additionally, despite a mention of 'integration' and 'evaluation', there is no direct indication that it serves as a primary source of structured records or data for analysis purposes. The model may have been confused because 'EMIS' is capitalized and resembles the naming conventions of datasets, but it is fundamentally a system designed for educational management rather than a collection of specific data points. Therefore, I conclude that it does not qualify as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' is identified as an education management information system and not as a dataset because it is described in operational terms and does not refer to a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 63, + "text": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 455, + 459, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in at least five ( 5 ) regions ( c ) Budget for EMIS activities, including evaluation, for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved DLR 6. 5: ( a ) Integrated statistical yearbook of education and training sector available and publicly disseminated ( b ) EMIS deconcentrated ( MINEDUB / MINESEC ) and operational in all ten ( 10 ) regions ( c ) Evaluation of national EMIS completed ( d ) Budget for EMIS activities for subsequent year for ministries in charge of education sector approved", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an education management information system, which is a program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an education management information system", + "mentioned in the context of planning activities and evaluation, rather than as a direct data source", + "repeated references to EMIS as an operational entity, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'EMIS' within the context provided, it's clear that it is referenced primarily as an education management information system that coordinates activities and evaluations within the education sector. Although it may house data, the text does not present it as a direct data source that could be analyzed or referenced for statistics or indicators in the same way that a dataset would be. The phrases surrounding EMIS focus on its operational aspects and evaluations rather than its contents. This could lead a model to incorrectly classify 'EMIS' as a dataset due to its proper noun status and its capitalized form, alongside its mention in planning contexts (which could suggest a data relevance) but does not provide clear indicators that it physically stores or serves data directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' represents an education management information system rather than a dataset; it is more of an operational tool facilitating data management rather than a collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 76, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 241, + 263, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "type": "platform", + "explanation": "The National EMIS Platform is described as an integrated technical platform rather than a structured collection of data, thus it is not a dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated technical platform", + "details provided emphasize operational and functional guidelines", + "not described as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National EMIS Platform' is explicitly described as an integrated technical platform, which indicates that it serves as an infrastructure for managing education data rather than a dataset itself. The phrase 'operational and functional' suggests it is a system designed to handle processes rather than just a collection of data points. Additionally, it is not presented in a way that suggests it is the primary source of structured records, unlike the 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook' mentioned later in the text, which is clearly defined as containing relevant data. The model may have confused this term as a dataset due to the structured nature of the language used, including phrases like 'operational and functional' which can suggest data handling capabilities, yet it lacks an indication that it encompasses data in the traditional dataset sense. Thus, while it is a named entity that relates to data, it is fundamentally a system rather than a dataset in this specific instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National EMIS Platform' is described as an integrated technical platform rather than a dataset, highlighting its role as an operational system rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 76, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 616, + 684, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 499, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector <> data geography" + ], + [ + 760, + 768, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1432, + 1440, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "type": "statistical yearbook", + "explanation": "The Integrated Statistical Yearbook is a structured collection of data relevant to the education and training sector in Cameroon, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018will contain relevant data from\u2019", + "described as containing relevant data", + "published and available online", + "integrated into the education sector database" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector' is described in a way that underscores its function as a comprehensive source of data relevant to the education sector. The mention of it will 'contain relevant data from the 4 ministries' and being 'published and available online' indicates that it is indeed a structured collection of data. Furthermore, the text implies that it plays a significant role in assessing the educational metrics within Cameroon, which aligns with traditional definitions of a dataset. Although it could appear similar to a report or project name, the explicit context reinforces its status as a dataset through its described function and operational relevance. Therefore, while it might resemble a technical platform due to the formal name, the surrounding information clearly identifies it as a dataset. Models might confuse it as a system, especially if they are programmed to look for named entities that are projects or tools, but contextually, it serves a data-centric role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This mention is treated as a dataset because it explicitly indicates that it contains relevant data from multiple ministries and is an operational publication that supports educational assessments." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 76, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1269, + 1276, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 73 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure \u2022 National EMIS Platform ( adapted integrated technical platform based on the EMIS development under the CEQUIL Project ), operational and functional, guidelines developed and person-in-charge designed, in all four ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, and meet international quality standards \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Years 3, 4, 5 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) Year 4 \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook of the Education and Training Sector will contain relevant data from the 4 ministries in charge of education in Cameroon, namely Strategy will be approved by the Committee overseeing EMIS and acceptable to the Bank Budget line", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "SIGIPES refers to a system used for the management of state personnel, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "listed alongside other database-like entities", + "mentioned only as a tool for management of state personnel" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SIGIPES' is explicitly referenced as a management information system for state personnel, rather than a structured collection of data that could be analyzed as a dataset. The surrounding text frames it within a broader discussion of verification and source entities related to educational data, yet it clearly indicates that SIGIPES functions more as an infrastructure tool or system, without confirming it is used directly for data analysis or outputting datasets. This may lead to confusion for models because it appears in a list with other entities, some of which are datasets or data sources, and it follows the mention of an integrated education sector database, which could imply it may also be a dataset. However, the description clarifying its role as a management information system reaffirms its classification away from being a dataset. Models may mistakenly treat it as a dataset due to its scenario-driven phrasing and delineation in related contexts that involve data management, rather than its core function as a personnel management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SIGIPES is considered a management information system for state personnel, not a dataset, due to its specified role and lack of indication that it aggregates or outputs data suitable for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 74 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy. EMIS deconcentration only applies to MINEDUB and MINESEC \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Year 5 \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 428, + 459, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> publisher" + ], + [ + 376, + 379, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> publisher" + ], + [ + 515, + 544, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> reference population" + ], + [ + 895, + 905, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> author" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1278, + "Integrated Statistical Yearbook <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 74 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy. EMIS deconcentration only applies to MINEDUB and MINESEC \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Year 5 \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy.", + "type": "statistical yearbook", + "explanation": "The Integrated Statistical Yearbook is a structured collection of data covering the education and training sector, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a collection of data", + "follows \u2018published and available online\u2019", + "covers the whole education and training sector", + "mentioned alongside other data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook' is described explicitly as a published resource that contains data relevant to the education and training sector. The phrase 'covers the whole education and training sector' strongly implies that it is a structured dataset. Additionally, it is positioned in a way that suggests it is a clear data source, especially since it follows statements about data verification and quality frameworks. While it could be viewed as part of an information system or as a project, the language used here frames it directly as a collection of statistics relevant to the analysis, tipping the balance towards it being a dataset rather than merely an infrastructural element or tool that contains data. The extraction model may have been confused due to the presence of related systems mentioned around it, but the specificity of the term in relation to the data it holds clarifies its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Integrated Statistical Yearbook' is treated as a dataset here because it is described as a structured collection of data that is specifically published and available for use, thus serving as a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 77, + "text": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 74 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy. EMIS deconcentration only applies to MINEDUB and MINESEC \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Year 5 \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 731, + 738, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "SIGIPES <> publisher" + ], + [ + 547, + 583, + "SIGIPES <> data type" + ], + [ + 713, + 728, + "SIGIPES <> reference population" + ], + [ + 895, + 905, + "SIGIPES <> author" + ], + [ + 1268, + 1278, + "SIGIPES <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank CAMEROON Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 74 of 148 DLI Protocol to Evaluate Achievement of the DLI and Data / Result Verification Data Source / Agency Verification Entity Definitions Verification Procedure MINEDUB, MINESEC, MINEFOP, and MINESUP. It will respect the DQAF ( Data Quality Assessment Framework ), be methodologically validated by INS, and follow international norms and standards \u2022 Integrated Statistical Yearbook published and available online, which covers the whole education and training sector \u2022 Integrated education sector database exists, covering national and sub-national levels, and is compatible with and linked to other systems used for the management of state personnel ( SIGIPES ) \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy. EMIS deconcentration only applies to MINEDUB and MINESEC \u2022 Budget approved for EMIS activities for subsequent year Year 5 \u2022 The level of deconcentration of EMIS and the grouping of regions for implementation will be defined by the EMIS Technical Unit in consultation with the World Bank and UNESCO, and will be clearly defined in the National EMIS Implementation Strategy.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SIGIPES is mentioned as a system used for the management of state personnel, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system used for the management of state personnel", + "mentioned only as part of a broader description of various data systems", + "does not explicitly function as a data source in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'SIGIPES' is related to a management information system that supports the management of state personnel. While it may contain structured data, the text predominantly references it in the context of its role within educational management systems rather than as a standalone dataset for analysis. The use of terms such as 'covers' and 'linked to other systems' implies a supportive or infrastructural role in data management rather than presenting it as a primary source of analyzed data. This is a crucial distinction, as a model might misinterpret 'SIGIPES' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and the potential understanding that it stores data, especially when nestled among discussions of various educational data sources, but lacks the explicit language indicating it serves as a dataset for the current analytical purposes. Therefore, I conclude that 'SIGIPES' does not qualify as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SIGIPES is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as a system meant for managing state personnel rather than a direct source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 84, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 81 of 148 14. Figure 2. 1 includes the results chain of the project. Figure 2. 1. Results Chain RESULTS AREAS AND OTHER KEY INITIATIVES INTERMEDIATE RESULTS INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES OUTCOME IMPROVE EQUITABLE ACCESS TO QUALITY BASIC EDUCATION, WITH A FOCUS ON SELECTED DISADVANTAGED AREAS Improved Access, Quality, and Education System Management Percentage of primary schools ( with more than 100 pupils ) with at least 3 state paid teachers Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in primary public schools ( including focus on refugee - areas ) ( DLI 1 ) Share of primary-level teachers trained on new curricula training Increased capacities of teachers on the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools ( DLI 2 ) Availability of essential textbooks ( based on the new curriculum ) student ratio at primary level Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools ( DLI 3 ) Level of Pre - primary enrollment in rural areas Increased access to pre - school in rural areas through community preschool. according to standards ( DLI 4 ) Improved Education System Management Learning assessments regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting Standardized student learning assessment for primary and secondary education in place ( DLI 5 ) Data regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting Integrated EMIS functional and operational ( DLI", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1476, + 1480, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results Chain RESULTS AREAS AND OTHER KEY INITIATIVES INTERMEDIATE RESULTS INTERMEDIATE OUTCOMES OUTCOME IMPROVE EQUITABLE ACCESS TO QUALITY BASIC EDUCATION, WITH A FOCUS ON SELECTED DISADVANTAGED AREAS Improved Access, Quality, and Education System Management Percentage of primary schools ( with more than 100 pupils ) with at least 3 state paid teachers Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in primary public schools ( including focus on refugee - areas ) ( DLI 1 ) Share of primary-level teachers trained on new curricula training Increased capacities of teachers on the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools ( DLI 2 ) Availability of essential textbooks ( based on the new curriculum ) student ratio at primary level Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools ( DLI 3 ) Level of Pre - primary enrollment in rural areas Increased access to pre - school in rural areas through community preschool. according to standards ( DLI 4 ) Improved Education System Management Learning assessments regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting Standardized student learning assessment for primary and secondary education in place ( DLI 5 ) Data regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting Integrated EMIS functional and operational ( DLI", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, which is used for analysis and decision-making in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting'", + "described as 'Integrated EMIS functional and operational'", + "associated with education management data collection", + "suggests a structured collection of records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an 'Integrated Education Management Information System', which typically serves as a tool for managing educational data. However, the text also indicates that this system is intended for regular data availability, implying that it functions as a repository for datasets relevant to education management. The phrase 'regularly available, disclosed and used for system piloting' suggests that EMIS operates not just as an infrastructure tool, but as a systemic part of how data on education performance is collected and utilized. This dual role might confuse models into prematurely categorizing it as a non-dataset when it indeed is serving as a primary source for educational records in analysis. The mention within a structured context of educational indicators supports its status as a dataset in this particular framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as operational and essential for managing educational data, and it is regularly used for analysis and reporting within the education system." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 87, + "text": "The World Bank Cameroon Education Reform Support Project ( P160926 ) Page 84 of 148 Table 2. 2. Understaffed Schools by Area Number of Understaffed Schools Rural Areas Urban Areas Schools with no state-paid teachers 336 296 40 Schools with 1 state-paid teacher 2, 646 2, 522 124 Schools with 2 state-paid teachers 2, 409 2, 290 119 Total number of understaffed public schools 5, 391 5, 108 283 Total number of public schools 12, 636 Percentage of understaffed public schools 43 95 5 Source: MINEDUB data ( 2015 / 16 ). 24. Activities initiated under Results Area 1 are expected to contribute substantially to investments benefitting refugee-affected local councils and host communities. While following the procedures specified for targets under this results area, priority will be given to schools in refugee-affected local councils. 25. Results Area 2: Increased capacities of teachers in the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools. The objective of this result area is to develop the capacity of teachers and pedagogic supervisors to more effectively and efficiently use the new curriculum in public and private pre-primary and primary schools.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 491, + 503, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 23, + "MINEDUB data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 506, + 515, + "MINEDUB data <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Understaffed Schools by Area Number of Understaffed Schools Rural Areas Urban Areas Schools with no state-paid teachers 336 296 40 Schools with 1 state-paid teacher 2, 646 2, 522 124 Schools with 2 state-paid teachers 2, 409 2, 290 119 Total number of understaffed public schools 5, 391 5, 108 283 Total number of public schools 12, 636 Percentage of understaffed public schools 43 95 5 Source: MINEDUB data ( 2015 / 16 ). 24.", + "type": "data registry", + "explanation": "MINEDUB data refers to a structured collection of educational data related to schools in Cameroon, which is used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Source: '", + "indicates a specific collection of educational data", + "implied structure suggests it is used for analysis", + "previous judgment takes into account educational data context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MINEDUB data' appears to be well-contextualized within the presented data regarding the number of understaffed schools. Since it directly follows 'Source: ', it clearly attributes the data right back to its origin, suggesting it refers to a specific dataset used for the analysis mentioned in the text. The structured nature of the data, which presents numerical counts of schools under various categories, supports the interpretation that it is referring to a defined collection of records. The prior judgment categorized it as a dataset based on its usage here, recognizing that it represents analysis relevant to educational statistics in a particular geographical context. However, it's worth mentioning that if 'MINEDUB' were to have references or implications as an infrastructure or management system elsewhere in more comprehensive documentation, it might lead to confusion; here, it is most convincingly treated as a dataset because of its direct use as a source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEDUB data' is treated as a dataset because it follows 'Source: ', indicating that it is a direct reference to a specific collection of educational records used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The release of IDA funds under this result area will be linked to the following DLI: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education ( DLI 5 ). 45. The national team prepared a detailed action plan for this activity. Table 2. 6 provides a simplified overview of the action plan. Table 2. 6. Activity Simplified Action Plan ( during Project life ) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Establishment of the learning assessment unit Report on pilot testing ( primary class 4 and 6 ) Assessment report including dissemination plan and recommendations for ( primary class 4 and 6 ) Report on pilot testing ( secondary form 2 and 4 ) Assessment report including dissemination plan and recommendations for ( secondary form 2 and 4 ) Source: MINEPAT. 2017. \u201c Programme d \u2019 appui \u00e0 la r\u00e9forme de l \u2019 \u00e9ducation au Cameroun. Document du Projet \u201d 46. Results Area 6: An integrated EMIS functional and operational. The objective of this result area is to support the Government \u2019 s ongoing efforts to establish a functional and operational integrated EMIS. The integrated EMIS will build on the efforts on the CEQUIL Project to address challenges related to the limited availability of reliable data on the performance of the education system, namely an assessment of the EMIS within MINEDUB and MINESEC.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1312, + 1316, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The objective of this result area is to support the Government \u2019 s ongoing efforts to establish a functional and operational integrated EMIS. The integrated EMIS will build on the efforts on the CEQUIL Project to address challenges related to the limited availability of reliable data on the performance of the education system, namely an assessment of the EMIS within MINEDUB and MINESEC.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated Education Management Information System, which is a system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as an integrated Education Management Information System", + "follows a description of supporting government efforts rather than presenting it as a data source", + "described in relation to challenges in data availability rather than as a data collection itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to an integrated Education Management Information System. While it might store or manage data, the text emphasizes it as a system designed to support educational performance assessment rather than presenting it as a source of structured data that would typically be classified as a dataset. The model might have been confused because 'EMIS' appears in a significant context discussing data and performance, potentially leading to the misconception that it is being referenced as a dataset, particularly due to its capitalization. However, the lack of direct phrases like 'uses data from' reinforces that it is not presented in the context of being an actual dataset. The description focuses on the system's functionality and challenges, rather than indicating that it serves as a data repository for analytical purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an integrated management information system rather than a dataset because it is described primarily as a system to support educational assessment, without indications that it directly serves as a structured data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The proposed project will continue strengthening EMIS capacity within MINEDUB and MINESEC, while expanding the system to MINESUP and MINEFOP, in turn creating a fully integrated EMIS for the education sector as a whole. Under this result area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP - MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 49, + 53, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will continue strengthening EMIS capacity within MINEDUB and MINESEC, while expanding the system to MINESUP and MINEFOP, in turn creating a fully integrated EMIS for the education sector as a whole. Under this result area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP - MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program aimed at improving data management and capacity within the education sector, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned in the context of strengthening capacity within various educational institutions", + "project focused on integrating systems and enhancing the functioning of EMIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS clearly refers to the Education Management Information System itself, which is described as a program or initiative aimed at enhancing data management within the education sector. The text discusses activities related to improving the capacity and infrastructure of EMIS rather than addressing a specific collection of structured data. Although EMIS is involved in data collection and management, it is mainly depicted as a system that facilitates those processes, rather than a dataset containing specific data records. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to the usage of terms like 'system' and 'data collection,' especially because the term is capitalized and appears frequently in discussions about data management. However, it's critical to differentiate between a system that supports data functions and an aggregated collection of data, which is what the context leans towards.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMIS is more accurately described as an education management information system designed to improve data management capacities rather than a distinct dataset. It serves a foundational role in data processes but does not represent a concrete dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 93, + "text": "The proposed project will continue strengthening EMIS capacity within MINEDUB and MINESEC, while expanding the system to MINESUP and MINEFOP, in turn creating a fully integrated EMIS for the education sector as a whole. Under this result area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP - MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 717, + 721, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The proposed project will continue strengthening EMIS capacity within MINEDUB and MINESEC, while expanding the system to MINESUP and MINEFOP, in turn creating a fully integrated EMIS for the education sector as a whole. Under this result area, the following activities will be supported: ( a ) the development of an integrated EMIS for MINEDUB-MINESEC-MINESUP - MINEFOP, including the establishment of new institutional arrangements for the sector, unified methods and processes, and a common platform for data collection and management; ( b ) the deconcentration of EMIS to regional, divisional and sub-divisional levels ( as applicable ); ( c ) the provision of equipment and software to support the functioning of EMIS, and so on; and ( d ) the strengthening of human capacity and resources, particularly in the areas of statistics and data management. The release of IDA funds under this", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program aimed at improving data management and capacity within the education sector, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data collection and management", + "described as an Education Management Information System (EMIS)", + "not enumerated alongside other specific datasets", + "mentioned in the context of project capacity building rather than data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers explicitly to an Education Management Information System, highlighting the goals of strengthening the system's capacity and expanding its use within various education ministries. The term is primarily associated with the functionalities of an information system designed to improve data management processes, not as a standalone dataset. The focus on institutional arrangements, methods, and processes emphasizes that EMIS is a structured program intended for better management rather than a defined collection of structured data. This context inherently suggests that 'EMIS' is infrastructural, dealing with the systems and procedures needed for data management, rather than referring to the data itself. The model might confuse 'EMIS' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and the mention of data collection; however, without a direct assertion that it serves as a data source or has actual records, it should not be classified as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset because it represents an Educational Management Information System focused on improving data management processes, rather than being a concrete dataset or collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 94, + "text": "While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to more effectively monitor and evaluate data on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze refugee learning outcomes, and efforts will be made to include disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks. 49. Priority Area 4: Supporting the operational needs of public schools in host community areas affected by refugees. Refugee-related project activities, estimated at US $ 36 million, fall under Results Areas 1, 3, and 7. In line with the Government \u2019 s vision, it has been agreed that the project will target host community schools. As such, benefits will accrue to both refugee children and host communities simultaneously, as most refugee children are enrolled in regular schools ( see annex 6 for additional details ). Expected direct beneficiaries include about 300 schools, enrolling about 150, 000 pupils, of which 20, 000 are refugees. Education inputs ( for example, classrooms, teachers, teaching and learning materials, furniture ) in the four affected regions, Far North, North, East, and Adamawa, supported under the project are very limited.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 109, + 113, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "While not specifically benefitting from financing from the RSW, activities linked to learning assessment and EMIS will include features that will enable the Government to more effectively monitor and evaluate data on refugee-related education challenges. Learning assessments will include modules to analyze refugee learning outcomes, and efforts will be made to include disaggregated data on refugees in statistical yearbooks.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or framework for managing educational data rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned in the context of frameworks for managing educational data", + "does not indicate usage as a specific dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers explicitly to an Education Management Information System. The passages surrounding it describe features and frameworks rather than structured data itself. It focuses on the monitoring and evaluation of data, indicating that 'EMIS' is a tool designed for managing educational records rather than a defined dataset. The extracted term appears in a discussion that highlights its role as a system that supports data management for educational assessments, which further confirms that it is not merely a dataset. This understanding may have led the model to confuse it for a dataset due to phrases suggesting data monitoring and evaluation, as well as its capitalized format, which is often a signal for data sources. However, without clear criteria indicating that EMIS functions as a dataset in the analysis, it's safe to categorize it as a system instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not a dataset; it denotes a management information system designed for education rather than representing a concrete dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 94, + "text": "Providing additional support to these communities under the project will reduce the pressure on the education system that would be expected in receiving an increase in refugee students. Disaggregated data by refugee / host community status will be collected and reported under the project. Efforts will be made to integrate gradually existing refugee-related data into the integrated EMIS developed under the project. 50. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees. The objective of this result area is to: ( a ) promote refugee welfare and inclusion in host communities \u2019 socio-economic structure; ( b ) help ensure access to and quality of services and basic infrastructure to refugees and host communities; and ( c ) strengthen Government finances where these have been strained by expenditures related to their hosting responsibilities. These objectives are consistent with the IDA18 RSW resource allocation framework implementation guidelines. 51. Activities supported under this result area will include: ( a ) promoting refugee welfare and inclusion in host communities: given the project specific profile of refugees, having a very low enrollment rate in their origin country ( around 20 percent ), the project will support an awareness program for refugees on sociocultural obstacles that influence school attendance: TA will be provided in the areas of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 384, + 388, + "named" + ], + [ + 186, + 239, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 343, + 363, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 497, + 545, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Disaggregated data by refugee / host community status will be collected and reported under the project. Efforts will be made to integrate gradually existing refugee-related data into the integrated EMIS developed under the project. 50.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of an integrated EMIS developed under the project", + "described as a system that collects and reports data", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referred to as an integrated system that has been developed under a project to collect and report disaggregated data. While it may store data, it is presented more as an infrastructure or tool for managing data rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'integrate gradually existing refugee-related data into the integrated EMIS' suggests that EMIS acts as a framework or system that organizes data rather than being a direct dataset itself. The potential confusion arises because EMIS could be interpreted as a dataset if it were explicitly identified as one, but here it is clear that it functions more as a management information system (MIS). The model may have identified it as a dataset due to the surrounding context discussing data collection and reporting, but those activities do not transform it into a true dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is better understood as a management information system that supports data collection and reporting rather than as a concrete dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 99, + "text": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees \u2022 Survey of schools to identify potential beneficiaries from refugee-affected local councils \u2022 Mobilization and sensitization of communities in reaching refugees for enrolling and retaining children in school \u2022 Development of Response Strategy and Plan 2019-2023 Priority Area 3: Improving service delivery through performance-based Financing ( PBF ) at school level \u2022 Strengthening capacity of school management councils \u2022 Mobilizing and strengthening community participation in school management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 542, + 546, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels.", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a framework for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a system for managing educational data", + "supports the development of EMIS systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to an Integrated Education Management Information System, which serves as infrastructure for managing educational data rather than being a dataset itself. The context emphasizes the supporting aspects of the EMIS infrastructure such as strategy development, capacity building, and training pertaining to information technology in education, rather than extracting or analyzing a specific dataset from it. The term appears in sentences discussing operational support and technical training that pertain to the management of data within the framework of EMIS, reinforcing its identity as a system rather than a concrete collection of data. The confusion may arise because the extraction model may associate 'EMIS' with data due to its connection to data management tasks; however, it is important to note that the focus is more on the operational and structural aspects of the management system rather than on the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is an information management system rather than a dataset. It serves as a framework for educational data management, involving system development and training, not representing a specific structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 99, + "text": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees \u2022 Survey of schools to identify potential beneficiaries from refugee-affected local councils \u2022 Mobilization and sensitization of communities in reaching refugees for enrolling and retaining children in school \u2022 Development of Response Strategy and Plan 2019-2023 Priority Area 3: Improving service delivery through performance-based Financing ( PBF ) at school level \u2022 Strengthening capacity of school management councils \u2022 Mobilizing and strengthening community participation in school management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 640, + 644, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels.", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a framework for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "described as a management information system for educational data management; mentioned in the context of supporting development and training rather than as a data source", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'EMIS' refers specifically to an 'integrated EMIS functional and operational' system, which is clearly targeted at managing and processing educational data rather than serving as a discrete dataset. The phrasing emphasizes support for the system's development and operation, training in data management, and the various functionalities associated with managing records, statistics, and reports. While there is a focus on data management techniques and the capability for data aggregation, 'EMIS' itself is positioned as an educational management system rather than a dataset storing specific records. The surrounding language supports this interpretation\u2014suggesting operational support and strategic development rather than direct usage of 'EMIS' as a standalone dataset. This might confuse a model because 'EMIS', being capitalized and listed alongside data management terms, could evoke the idea of being a structured dataset, despite it being described fundamentally as a system or platform.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'EMIS' refers to an education management information system and is not a standalone dataset; it functions as an infrastructure for managing data rather than a specific source of data records." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 99, + "text": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees \u2022 Survey of schools to identify potential beneficiaries from refugee-affected local councils \u2022 Mobilization and sensitization of communities in reaching refugees for enrolling and retaining children in school \u2022 Development of Response Strategy and Plan 2019-2023 Priority Area 3: Improving service delivery through performance-based Financing ( PBF ) at school level \u2022 Strengthening capacity of school management councils \u2022 Mobilizing and strengthening community participation in school management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 728, + 732, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a framework or system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated EMIS functional and operational", + "mentioned in connection with technical capacity and training", + "not referenced as a data source but as a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to the Education Management Information System, which is discussed in terms of its functional and operational aspects rather than as a concrete data source. Phrases like 'support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS' and 'support for training on the use of the information technology platform for data management' indicate that EMIS acts more as a framework or infrastructure for handling educational data, rather than a specific structured dataset. The mention of 'data management techniques' without explicitly naming records or statistics again points to EMIS being a system used to manage data rather than a dataset. This distinction is crucial: while the term 'EMIS' may appear in a context where data is discussed, its primary identification as an information system is supported by the surrounding context. Therefore, a model might have been confused due to the capitalized naming convention and its context touching on data usage without explicitly clarifying that it is a dataset. However, multiple signals point to EMIS being a system forged for data management rather than a dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' does not function as a dataset but rather as an education management information system designed for organizing and managing educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 99, + "text": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees \u2022 Survey of schools to identify potential beneficiaries from refugee-affected local councils \u2022 Mobilization and sensitization of communities in reaching refugees for enrolling and retaining children in school \u2022 Development of Response Strategy and Plan 2019-2023 Priority Area 3: Improving service delivery through performance-based Financing ( PBF ) at school level \u2022 Strengthening capacity of school management councils \u2022 Mobilizing and strengthening community participation in school management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1081, + 1085, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "training of CPC animators, and the school councils Results Area 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education \u2022 To undertake an assessment of current efforts in student learning assessments and develop a plan for undertaking regular assessments \u2022 Support for the establishment of the national unit for learning outcomes assessment and build its technical capacity \u2022 Development of assessment tests, administer them and produce learning assessment reports Results Area 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational \u2022 Support for the development of national strategy for integrated EMIS involving four ministries \u2022 Support for increased technical capacity in support of EMIS systems development and information management \u2022 Support for training at deconcentrated levels on the use of the information technology platform for data management, descriptive statistics, and data management techniques ( data validation, tabulations, metadata and database management, report generation, among others ). Support will also include EMIS monitoring at central and deconcentrated levels. Results Area 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees \u2022 Survey of schools to identify potential beneficiaries from refugee-affected local councils \u2022 Mobilization and sensitization of communities in reaching refugees for enrolling and retaining children in school \u2022 Development of Response Strategy and Plan 2019-2023 Priority Area 3: Improving service delivery through performance-based Financing ( PBF ) at school level \u2022 Strengthening capacity of school management councils \u2022 Mobilizing and strengthening community participation in school management", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an integrated education management information system, which is a framework for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "support for development of national strategy for integrated EMIS", + "mentioned as a system but not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System rather than a concrete dataset. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in developing operational capacity and supporting technical training, without framing it as a discrete source of data or records. The phrase \u2018integrated EMIS functional and operational\u2019 and references to \u2018information management\u2019 and \u2018data management techniques\u2019 imply that EMIS serves as a framework or system designed to enhance data management rather than being an individual dataset itself. The model could have identified it as a dataset due to its capitalization and mention within a context rich in data management terminology, alongside phrases typical of data descriptions, but the lack of explicit reference to it as a dataset leads to the conclusion that it is functioning more as a tool or framework. This confusion may arise from the model's incapacity to differentiate between a tool/system that manages and processes data and a structured repository of data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system framework intended for data management and operational support." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 101, + "text": "Allocation by Component and DLI ( US $ million ) Component and DLI IDA RSW Grant Total Component 1: Improving Access, Quality, and Education System Management ( DLI ) 72 23 95 DLI 1: Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in public primary schools 12 8 20 DLI 2: Increased capacities of teachers in the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools 10 0 10 DLI 3: Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools 15 5 20 DLI 4: Increased access to pre-school in rural areas through community pre-school, according to standards 10 0 10 DLI 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education 15 0 15 DLI 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational 10 0 10 DLI 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees 0 10 10 Component 2: Improving School Effectiveness through Performance-based Financing 12 3 15 Component 3: Institutional Strengthening and Project Management 16 4 20 Total IDA Contribution 100 30 130", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 751, + 755, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Allocation by Component and DLI ( US $ million ) Component and DLI IDA RSW Grant Total Component 1: Improving Access, Quality, and Education System Management ( DLI ) 72 23 95 DLI 1: Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in public primary schools 12 8 20 DLI 2: Increased capacities of teachers in the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools 10 0 10 DLI 3: Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools 15 5 20 DLI 4: Increased access to pre-school in rural areas through community pre-school, according to standards 10 0 10 DLI 5: Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education 15 0 15 DLI 6: Integrated EMIS functional and operational 10 0 10 DLI 7: Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees 0 10 10 Component 2: Improving School Effectiveness through Performance-based Financing 12 3 15 Component 3: Institutional Strengthening and Project Management 16 4 20 Total IDA Contribution 100 30 130", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a concept or framework rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as 'Integrated EMIS functional and operational'", + "described as a system, not as a collection of data", + "not enumerated with known datasets", + "referred to in a way that suggests operational capability rather than data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'EMIS' refers to the Education Management Information System, which is highlighted as integrated and functional, suggesting its role as an operational framework rather than a raw data source. The phrases around it indicate it is part of a program's infrastructure intended to improve various educational metrics, rather than a dataset that contains specific records or entries that can be analyzed independently. A model might have misinterpreted it as a dataset due to the capitalization, the mention alongside other initiatives, and unclear context regarding how EMIS contributes data; however, the surrounding structure clearly establishes it as part of a systems management approach rather than a tangible dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset. It represents an Education Management Information System, characterized more as operational infrastructure without implying a standalone data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 132, + "text": "Regular and DLI Evaluation Results area Regular Evaluation DLI evaluation Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in public primary schools Statistical Yearbook IVA Increased capacities of teachers on the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools Statistical Yearbook IVA Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools Statistical Yearbook Textbooks Technical Unit IVA Increased access to pre-school in rural areas through community pre-school centers ( CPCs ), in line with national standards Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB IVA Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education Learning Assessment Technical Unit IVA Integrated EMIS functional and operational EMIS intersectoral Unit IVA Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB DEMP ( Emergency Unit ) IVA", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 765, + 769, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Regular and DLI Evaluation Results area Regular Evaluation DLI evaluation Improved distribution of teachers recruited by the state in public primary schools Statistical Yearbook IVA Increased capacities of teachers on the effective and efficient use of the new curriculum in pre-primary and primary schools Statistical Yearbook IVA Increased availability of essential textbooks in public primary schools Statistical Yearbook Textbooks Technical Unit IVA Increased access to pre-school in rural areas through community pre-school centers ( CPCs ), in line with national standards Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB IVA Establishment of a standardized student learning assessment system for primary and secondary education Learning Assessment Technical Unit IVA Integrated EMIS functional and operational EMIS intersectoral Unit IVA Improved learning environment and quality of education for children in host community schools with refugees Statistical Yearbook MINEDUB DEMP ( Emergency Unit ) IVA", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "not mentioned as a source of data in this context", + "referred to within a broader discussion about educational improvements" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for Education Management Information System, which is a type of infrastructure intended to manage educational data rather than being a direct dataset itself. The mention of 'EMIS' is part of a larger narrative about improving educational outcomes and capacities. While it might be a platform that stores various educational data, the specific wording here indicates it functions more like a system powering the management of records than as a collection of data or a source. The models might mistake it for a dataset because it was extracted after phrases related to evaluation results, but they may not account for the nuance that clearly indicates this is a system described at a functional level, not a distinct dataset. The possible confusion stems from the capitalization that suggests a proper name and how it is positioned in the text \u2014 it lacks direct attribution as a source of data in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an information management system rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 137, + "text": "It also represents a public good. Establishing an integrated EMIS covering all four education ministries under the ERSP is expected to address information asymmetries in the sector as well as improve sector management. Expected Development Impact 10. The project supports the Government in achieving its goals in the education sector as outlined in the Cameroon Vision document \u2018 Cameroun emergent \u00e0 l \u2019 horizon 2035 \u2019 and described in the Government ESS ( 2013 \u2013 2020 ). These goals include ( a ) promoting access and equity, ( b ) improving quality and relevance, ( c ) strengthening sector governance and management, ( d ) adopting sustainable financing mechanisms, ( e ) strengthening institutional aspects of education, and ( e ) developing modalities for M & E. 11. Aligned with the Government \u2019 s strategical goals, the project will contribute to improving equitable access to quality pre-primary, primary, and lower secondary education with a focus on ZEPs. In the long-term, these outcomes are expected to contribute to increasing the number of years of schooling and, consequently, increased probability of employment and higher labor earnings for workers. Additional benefits are expected to come from systemwide reforms, related to system management, accountability, and M & E. Costs 12. Cameroon \u2019 s spending on education is quite low by international standards ( figure 5. 1 ). Total public spending in support of education was equivalent to approximately 3 percent of GDP and 13. 6 percent of total Government expenditures in 2015. As a share of Government expenditures, education spending is much lower compared to the other African countries.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 61, + 65, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It also represents a public good. Establishing an integrated EMIS covering all four education ministries under the ERSP is expected to address information asymmetries in the sector as well as improve sector management. Expected Development Impact 10.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system for managing data", + "described as an integrated system covering education ministries", + "no explicit reference to specific data records or datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System that is being established to manage educational data across multiple ministries. The language used suggests that EMIS is functioning as a tool or framework designed to facilitate data management rather than representing a specific collection or database of data. The term does not indicate it is being used as a dataset in the sense of providing structured records. Instead, it is described as a system expected to improve sector management. A model may have mistakenly identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized nature and the surrounding context hinting at data management; however, it lacks the clarity of being a concrete dataset supporting analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' does not refer to a concrete dataset but rather to a management information system designed to streamline the management of educational data." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 144, + "text": "Altogether, these four regions ( North, Far North, East and Adamawa ) account for 66 percent of the poor households in the country ( even though they are home to only 38 percent of the total population ). Access to basic services is limited, and these regions are relatively isolated from the rest of the country. The presence of large numbers of refugees has exacerbated these pre-existing challenges. 3. The refugee crisis has reinforced existing territorial inequities and a rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened insecurity in the region associated with Boko Haram activities. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred in large part after data were collected for the 2014 ECAM. The poverty estimates for the northern regions should, therefore, be considered lower bounds, since the impact of an influx of refugees, the closure of markets, roads and frontiers, were largely not recorded by the ECAM. Because of the interruption of agricultural activities and trade, as well as population displacement and increased vulnerability and food insecurity in the Far North, approximately 2. 4 million people are considered food insecure and 250, 000 people are estimated to be suffering from acute malnutrition. 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 758, + 762, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 67, + "ECAM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 507, + 524, + "ECAM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 753, + 757, + "ECAM <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The refugee crisis has reinforced existing territorial inequities and a rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened insecurity in the region associated with Boko Haram activities. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred in large part after data were collected for the 2014 ECAM. The poverty estimates for the northern regions should, therefore, be considered lower bounds, since the impact of an influx of refugees, the closure of markets, roads and frontiers, were largely not recorded by the ECAM.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM refers to a survey that collected data on poverty estimates in northern Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data collected in 2014", + "references poverty estimates", + "context indicates it is a survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM' is clearly linked to a survey that collected data regarding poverty estimates in northern Cameroon. The phrase 'after data were collected for the 2014 ECAM' indicates a direct use of this entity for data collection purposes. However, potential confusion might arise from the naming of 'ECAM' which doesn\u2019t explicitly denote a typical dataset (like a database or spreadsheet) but rather signifies an organized effort or project related to data collection. The contextual mention of poverty estimates lends credibility to recognizing it as a dataset, as these estimates are derived from actual data gathered. Additionally, it is not presented merely as a title or a project name but is intricately tied to an assessment of social data. Therefore, it behaves as a dataset mention in this particular context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'ECAM' is treated as a dataset because it refers to a specific survey that laid the groundwork for the poverty estimates discussed, linking it directly to data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 144, + "text": "Altogether, these four regions ( North, Far North, East and Adamawa ) account for 66 percent of the poor households in the country ( even though they are home to only 38 percent of the total population ). Access to basic services is limited, and these regions are relatively isolated from the rest of the country. The presence of large numbers of refugees has exacerbated these pre-existing challenges. 3. The refugee crisis has reinforced existing territorial inequities and a rapid increase in poverty in northern Cameroon had been observed before the heightened insecurity in the region associated with Boko Haram activities. The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred in large part after data were collected for the 2014 ECAM. The poverty estimates for the northern regions should, therefore, be considered lower bounds, since the impact of an influx of refugees, the closure of markets, roads and frontiers, were largely not recorded by the ECAM. Because of the interruption of agricultural activities and trade, as well as population displacement and increased vulnerability and food insecurity in the Far North, approximately 2. 4 million people are considered food insecure and 250, 000 people are estimated to be suffering from acute malnutrition. 4.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 979, + 983, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 67, + "ECAM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 100, + 115, + "ECAM <> reference population" + ], + [ + 507, + 524, + "ECAM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 753, + 757, + "ECAM <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The deterioration of the security environment in northern Cameroon occurred in large part after data were collected for the 2014 ECAM. The poverty estimates for the northern regions should, therefore, be considered lower bounds, since the impact of an influx of refugees, the closure of markets, roads and frontiers, were largely not recorded by the ECAM. Because of the interruption of agricultural activities and trade, as well as population displacement and increased vulnerability and food insecurity in the Far North, approximately 2.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM refers to a survey that collected data on poverty estimates in northern Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data were collected for the 2014 ECAM", + "informs about poverty estimates based on its findings" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM' is associated with the collection of data used to assess poverty estimates in northern Cameroon. The use of 'data were collected for the 2014 ECAM' indicates that it played a crucial role as a source of data for the analysis discussed in the text. While there may be concerns about whether 'ECAM' refers to a larger project or management system, the terminology suggests it is treated as a specific dataset that informed the poverty estimates, rather than being framed merely as an infrastructure or platform. The model might have been confused because 'ECAM' could indeed evoke the idea of a project or a system, yet it is directly tied to a data collection event that yields concrete results. This explicit connection to data collection allows for its identification as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM' is treated as a dataset since it refers to the specific survey during which data was collected, crucial for understanding poverty estimates." + }, + { + "filename": "092_CAMEROON-PAD-03232018", + "page": 144, + "text": "According to preliminary results of the Central African Republic refugee poverty analysis ( American University of Beirut, forthcoming ), using expenditure data from a Household Economy Analysis ( UNHCR / IFORD 2017 ), Central African Republic refugees in the East, Adamawa, and North regions show alarming levels of poverty. Data suggest that 96 percent of refugees fall below the extreme poverty line ( less than CFAF 17, 962 per person per month ). If the Minimum Food Basket ( MFB ) calculated by the WFP is used as a reference, 71 percent of the Central African Republic refugee population fall below this line, meaning that their expenditure is less than CFAF 8, 800 per person per month \u2014 the amount necessary to purchase minimum food energy requirements ( emergency standards: 2, 100 kcal per person per day ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 168, + 194, + "named" + ], + [ + 40, + 64, + "Household Economy Analysis <> data geography" + ], + [ + 92, + 121, + "Household Economy Analysis <> author" + ], + [ + 144, + 160, + "Household Economy Analysis <> data type" + ], + [ + 211, + 215, + "Household Economy Analysis <> publication year" + ], + [ + 219, + 252, + "Household Economy Analysis <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "According to preliminary results of the Central African Republic refugee poverty analysis ( American University of Beirut, forthcoming ), using expenditure data from a Household Economy Analysis ( UNHCR / IFORD 2017 ), Central African Republic refugees in the East, Adamawa, and North regions show alarming levels of poverty. Data suggest that 96 percent of refugees fall below the extreme poverty line ( less than CFAF 17, 962 per person per month ).", + "type": "analysis", + "explanation": "The Household Economy Analysis refers to a structured collection of data used to assess the economic conditions of households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using expenditure data from'", + "contains structured records on economic conditions", + "described in context as a source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Economy Analysis' is directly associated with expenditure data used for analyzing poverty levels among Central African Republic refugees. The phrase 'using expenditure data from' directly links it to a specific dataset, which indicates that it contains organized, structured data pertaining to economic conditions. Although 'Household Economy Analysis' could reference a project or method of analysis, the immediate context implies that the term refers specifically to a dataset utilized for research. The potential confusion arises from the name's structure\u2014it sounds like a project or a methodological approach but is clearly presented in a way that suggests it is a concrete source of data in this analysis. Therefore, I evaluate this as a dataset rather than merely a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Household Economy Analysis' refers to a dataset in this context as it is explicitly mentioned as the source of structured expenditure data used in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "093_PAD2574-ARABIC-PUBLIC-PAD-final-02262018-AR-Clean-%D9%85%D9%8A", + "page": 3, + "text": "of Expenditure \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a SPS Stated Preference Survey ( s ) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0629 / \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064f \u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 28, + 56, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "of Expenditure \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a SPS Stated Preference Survey ( s ) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0629 / \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064f \u0639\u0644\u0646\u0629", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a stated preference survey, which is used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows description of study", + "suggests data collection method", + "indicated as a survey type", + "implies structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SPS Stated Preference Survey' is presented in a context that appears to be a reference to a specific study or type of data collection. Although it could also be interpreted as a project name or methodology, the way it is framed suggests it is more specifically a structured collection of data from surveys. It has the characteristics of being an organized method for collecting preferences and opinions, which intrinsically involves data\u2014something that is often regarded as a dataset. Its proximity to descriptions of expenditures also hints at its use in research contexts, strengthening its identity as a data collection tool. The model may have categorized it as a dataset because of its formal naming and structured nature, despite potential confusion surrounding its classification as a system, project, or pure dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SPS Stated Preference Survey' is treated as a dataset because it refers to a systematic data collection method that generates structured data through surveys, aligning it closely with traditional dataset definitions." + }, + { + "filename": "094_PAD-final-02262018", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Greater Beirut Public Transport Project ( P160224 ) Page 36 of 59 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection percentage of female passengers and percentage of vulnerable population. Name: Percentage of population residing in GBA with access to Beirut city center ( \u201c La place des martyrs \u201d ) within 60 minutes commuting period using public transport Percentage 50. 00 61. 00 Annual A global information system ( GIS ) - based spatial analysis will be conducted using the open source accessibility tool developed by the World Bank called Open Trip Planner Analyst ( OTPA ). CDR The RPTA / BRT operators ( for the GPS data ) Description: This indicator will measure the increase in percentage of population with access to jobs and services located at the CBD using public transport services. This indicator captures the improved accessibility objective of the project for public transport passengers. Name: Average travel time by public transport from Tabarja station to Charles Helou terminal at morning peak hours Minutes 75. 00 45. 00 Biannual Data to be obtained from the ITS. CDR / the RPTA BRT operators Description: Average rush hour in-vehicle travel time by the PT services from Tabarja station to Beirut ( Charles Helou terminal ) at morning peak hours between 7: 00am and 9: 00am.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 636, + 661, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 61. 00 Annual A global information system ( GIS ) - based spatial analysis will be conducted using the open source accessibility tool developed by the World Bank called Open Trip Planner Analyst ( OTPA ). CDR The RPTA / BRT operators ( for the GPS data ) Description: This indicator will measure the increase in percentage of population with access to jobs and services located at the CBD using public transport services.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "Open Trip Planner Analyst is a tool developed for spatial analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an open source accessibility tool", + "not referred to as a data source but as a project/system for spatial analysis", + "does not imply a structured dataset but rather a methodology for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Open Trip Planner Analyst' is explicitly identified as an accessibility tool developed by the World Bank, suggesting its purpose is for spatial analysis rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The mention of it as a tool indicates that it is part of a methodology used for analysis rather than a structured collection of data (a dataset). The phrase highlights its function rather than describing it as a data source or repository. The potential confusion for a model arises from the format and naming convention of the term; it is capitalized and structured like a dataset name, and it is included in a context discussing analysis, which might lead one to interpret it as a data source. However, clear indicators show that it is a tool fabricated for analysis, aligning it to a methodology rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Open Trip Planner Analyst is not a dataset; it is a tool designed for spatial analysis and does not function as a structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "094_PAD-final-02262018", + "page": 47, + "text": "The World Bank Greater Beirut Public Transport Project ( P160224 ) Page 36 of 59 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection percentage of female passengers and percentage of vulnerable population. Name: Percentage of population residing in GBA with access to Beirut city center ( \u201c La place des martyrs \u201d ) within 60 minutes commuting period using public transport Percentage 50. 00 61. 00 Annual A global information system ( GIS ) - based spatial analysis will be conducted using the open source accessibility tool developed by the World Bank called Open Trip Planner Analyst ( OTPA ). CDR The RPTA / BRT operators ( for the GPS data ) Description: This indicator will measure the increase in percentage of population with access to jobs and services located at the CBD using public transport services. This indicator captures the improved accessibility objective of the project for public transport passengers. Name: Average travel time by public transport from Tabarja station to Charles Helou terminal at morning peak hours Minutes 75. 00 45. 00 Biannual Data to be obtained from the ITS. CDR / the RPTA BRT operators Description: Average rush hour in-vehicle travel time by the PT services from Tabarja station to Beirut ( Charles Helou terminal ) at morning peak hours between 7: 00am and 9: 00am.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1173, + 1176, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 45. 00 Biannual Data to be obtained from the ITS. CDR / the RPTA BRT operators Description: Average rush hour in-vehicle travel time by the PT services from Tabarja station to Beirut ( Charles Helou terminal ) at morning peak hours between 7: 00am and 9: 00am.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "ITS refers to Intelligent Transportation Systems, which are technologies and systems rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of data", + "referred to as 'the ITS'", + "context implies a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'ITS' stands for Intelligent Transportation Systems, which typically refers to a framework of technologies and services designed to improve transportation efficiency and safety. The sentence indicates that biannual data will be obtained from the ITS, implying that 'ITS' functions as a source or a system from which data is derived. However, it is not described as a dataset per se, but rather as an operational system that yields data. This signals that while it collects or manages data, it does not constitute a standalone dataset. The model may have misinterpreted 'ITS' as a dataset because it followed the phrase 'Biannual Data to be obtained from', leading it to conclude that 'ITS' was in fact a dataset. The capitalization further reflects how systems or projects can sometimes be misclassified as datasets, especially in contexts where they appear near more traditional datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ITS' does not represent a dataset but rather a system or project that serves as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "094_PAD-final-02262018", + "page": 49, + "text": "Name: Number of BRT and regular bus lines Number 0. 00 20. 00 Biannual The RPTA Data to be obtained from the RPTA. Description: Number of BRT lines ( all service plans ) and regular bus lines ( defined route and stops, tariff and time schedule ) operating in GBA. This indicator will reflect", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 75, + 84, + "named" + ], + [ + 109, + 113, + "RPTA Data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 128, + 147, + "RPTA Data <> data description" + ], + [ + 259, + 262, + "RPTA Data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 20. 00 Biannual The RPTA Data to be obtained from the RPTA. Description: Number of BRT lines ( all service plans ) and regular bus lines ( defined route and stops, tariff and time schedule ) operating in GBA.", + "type": "dataset", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data regarding the number of BRT and regular bus lines, which is used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data to be obtained from 'the RPTA'", + "RPTA appears to be a project or system rather than a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'RPTA Data' seems to refer to information that is to be gathered from a project or system called 'the RPTA'. The description indicates that the data involves the number of BRT lines and regular bus lines, but the phrasing suggests that this information is not a standalone dataset. Instead, it implies that the RPTA is where the data originates, which can create confusion because it is capitalized and could be misinterpreted as a dataset on its own. Therefore, I evaluated it as not being a direct dataset but rather a collection of data associated with a management system or project; hence it should not be classified explicitly as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'RPTA Data' is not treated as a standalone dataset because it is described as data obtained from a project/system ('the RPTA'), indicating that it functions more as a data collection point rather than an independent dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 10, + "text": "As of August 2017, Jordan hosts 660, 5822 registered Syrian refugees, of which 232, 8683 are school \u2010 aged children requiring the provision of education services. Eighty percent of refugees live in host communities, representing 10 percent of Jordan \u2019 s population, while the rest live in dedicated refugee camps. Per the recent 2016 government census, the total number of Syrians in Jordan reached an estimated 1. 265 million, representing 13. 2 percent of population. 4 Jordan has been committed to integrating Syrian refugee children in the public formal sector, and as of June 2017, approximately 10 percent of children in public schools were Syrian refugees. Therefore, it is important that education services to refugee children in Jordan respond to the nature of the challenges they face in the education system. 3. Jordan \u2019 s economic development hinges on the existence of an education system that provides students with the cognitive and socioemotional skills needed to succeed in the labor market. Realizing the full potential of educational investments for economic prosperity requires improving access and quality of education for both girls and boys. 5 Additionally, the cost of not educating refugee children is high in terms of loss of human capital for regional economic development, as well as for the long \u2010 term processes of peace, stability, and reconstruction. It is thus necessary for the education system to be agile and address the existing education quality challenges by strengthening the system ' s ability to manage a growing number of students, including refugee and vulnerable children. 1 Human Development Data ( 1990 \u2013 2015 ); Human Development Report. 2016. 2 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ). August 6, 2017. 3 Brussels Conference Paper. 2017. 4 Department of Statistics ( DOS ); National census. November 2016. 5 OECD. 2016. PISA. 2015 Results ( Volume I ): Excellence and Equity in Education, OECD Publishing, Paris. http: / / dx. doi. org / 10. 1787 / 9789264266490 \u2010 en.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1620, + 1642, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 17, + "Human Development Data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 19, + 25, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 243, + 249, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 384, + 390, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 472, + 478, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 738, + 744, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 823, + 829, + "Human Development Data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1645, + 1656, + "Human Development Data <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1953, + 1957, + "Human Development Data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It is thus necessary for the education system to be agile and address the existing education quality challenges by strengthening the system ' s ability to manage a growing number of students, including refugee and vulnerable children. 1 Human Development Data ( 1990 \u2013 2015 ); Human Development Report. 2016.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to human development metrics over a specified period, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "appears alongside a specific date range", + "related to a known report", + "described in the context of metrics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'Human Development Data' is capitalized and appears to refer to a collection of structured data related to human development metrics within the 1990\u20132015 period. The mention of the 'Human Development Report. 2016' further cements that this is a recognized dataset, as these reports typically compile and analyze specific statistical data, making it less likely to be seen as a mere project or system. The model might have been confused due to the phrasing potentially suggesting project or report attributes; however, the explicit date range and its description strongly imply it serves as a dataset here. This distinction hinges on understanding that it refers to a systematic compilation of data traditionally associated with measurable indicators of human development, positioning it squarely within the definition of a dataset rather than just a system/project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Human Development Data' in this context refers specifically to a dataset related to human development metrics over a specific time frame, linked to an established report. Thus, it is classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 10, + "text": "As of August 2017, Jordan hosts 660, 5822 registered Syrian refugees, of which 232, 8683 are school \u2010 aged children requiring the provision of education services. Eighty percent of refugees live in host communities, representing 10 percent of Jordan \u2019 s population, while the rest live in dedicated refugee camps. Per the recent 2016 government census, the total number of Syrians in Jordan reached an estimated 1. 265 million, representing 13. 2 percent of population. 4 Jordan has been committed to integrating Syrian refugee children in the public formal sector, and as of June 2017, approximately 10 percent of children in public schools were Syrian refugees. Therefore, it is important that education services to refugee children in Jordan respond to the nature of the challenges they face in the education system. 3. Jordan \u2019 s economic development hinges on the existence of an education system that provides students with the cognitive and socioemotional skills needed to succeed in the labor market. Realizing the full potential of educational investments for economic prosperity requires improving access and quality of education for both girls and boys. 5 Additionally, the cost of not educating refugee children is high in terms of loss of human capital for regional economic development, as well as for the long \u2010 term processes of peace, stability, and reconstruction. It is thus necessary for the education system to be agile and address the existing education quality challenges by strengthening the system ' s ability to manage a growing number of students, including refugee and vulnerable children. 1 Human Development Data ( 1990 \u2013 2015 ); Human Development Report. 2016. 2 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ( UNHCR ). August 6, 2017. 3 Brussels Conference Paper. 2017. 4 Department of Statistics ( DOS ); National census. November 2016. 5 OECD. 2016. PISA. 2015 Results ( Volume I ): Excellence and Equity in Education, OECD Publishing, Paris. http: / / dx. doi. org / 10. 1787 / 9789264266490 \u2010 en.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1884, + 1888, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 17, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 472, + 478, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 823, + 829, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1872, + 1876, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1890, + 1894, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1953, + 1957, + "PISA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2016. PISA. 2015 Results ( Volume I ): Excellence and Equity in Education, OECD Publishing, Paris.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data that assesses the educational performance of students worldwide, making it a dataset used for research and analysis in education.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a publication title", + "describes results and findings", + "related to educational performance data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is indeed a formal assessment that generates structured data regarding student educational performance globally. The phrase '2015 Results' indicates that there are specific data points or findings associated with PISA, making it behave like a dataset despite being associated with a project or program name. It\u2019s capitalized, which often denotes a proper noun, but it clearly serves a data-centric purpose in this context. The extraction model might have been confused by the dual nature of 'PISA' as it is both a project name and the basis for a structured data set; however, the accompanying publication title further emphasizes its role as a data source, leading me to confirm it as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is treated as a dataset in this context as it refers to an established assessment providing structured educational performance data, supported by the context of its results being published." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 14, + "text": "Syrian refugee students are reported to leave school ( 1, 600 students left due to bullying in 2016 ), or not enter at all, to preserve their safety and self \u2010 respect. 17. Teachers and school leaders are poorly trained to handle violence and disruptive behaviors. Teachers themselves are still prone to use aggressive means for managing classrooms and disciplining students. In the 2015 \u2013 2016 school year, 18 percent of children reported experiencing verbal violence in schools and 11 percent reported experiencing corporal punishment. Serious concerns also exist about the increase in student \u2010 to \u2010 student violence and disruptive behaviors ( particularly in schools with Syrian refugees ), including vandalism, harassment, bullying, and gender \u2010 based violence. The MOE has made concerted efforts, including the introduction of the school \u2010 based program Ma \u2019 an, to promote nonviolent and positive student discipline. The MOE has also initiated monthly violence surveys that act as deterrents for teachers from using violence and help to keep all actors accountable for their actions. However, further efforts are needed to support safe school environments and to understand and tackle the different challenges faced in gender \u2010 segregated schools. 18. Jordan faces an additional major challenge in relation to its student assessment system. Jordan administers several census and sample \u2010 based student assessments that appear to have weak feedback loops and therefore fail to inform the system on its performance early and effectively. There are three major national student assessments: ( a ) census \u2010 based national tests for grades 4, 8, and 10 in four core subjects ( Arabic, mathematics, science, and English ); ( b ) the sample \u2010 based National Assessment for Knowledge Economy ( NAFKE ) for grades 5, 9, and 11 ( in Arabic, mathematics, and science; and ( c ) the general Secondary Certificate Examination ( Tawjihi ), which serves the double", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1749, + 1790, + "named" + ], + [ + 383, + 406, + "National Assessment for Knowledge Economy <> reference year" + ], + [ + 928, + 931, + "National Assessment for Knowledge Economy <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1259, + 1265, + "National Assessment for Knowledge Economy <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1348, + 1354, + "National Assessment for Knowledge Economy <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Jordan administers several census and sample \u2010 based student assessments that appear to have weak feedback loops and therefore fail to inform the system on its performance early and effectively. There are three major national student assessments: ( a ) census \u2010 based national tests for grades 4, 8, and 10 in four core subjects ( Arabic, mathematics, science, and English ); ( b ) the sample \u2010 based National Assessment for Knowledge Economy ( NAFKE ) for grades 5, 9, and 11 ( in Arabic, mathematics, and science; and ( c ) the general Secondary Certificate Examination ( Tawjihi ), which serves the double", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The National Assessment for Knowledge Economy (NAFKE) is a structured collection of data used to assess student knowledge in specific subjects, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other assessments", + "described as 'sample-based' rather than a dataset", + "not explicitly treating it as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National Assessment for Knowledge Economy (NAFKE)' appears as a specific assessment type rather than a concrete dataset. While it might contain data resulting from student evaluations, the absence of language directly linking it to a dataset (like 'uses data from NAFKE') leads to the interpretation that it functions more as an assessment program than as a distinct data source. Models might confuse this for a dataset due to its capitalized nature and mention alongside other assessments, creating an impression of it being a formalized data set, but it ultimately lacks the indicators necessary to categorize it as such. The term behaves more like a project or assessment framework instead of being a structured data collection itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Assessment for Knowledge Economy' is better viewed as a structured assessment program rather than an actual dataset, as it lacks direct attribution as a data source in the provided context." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 15, + "text": "6 function of secondary education graduation and competitive screening for university admission. The Tawjihi is administered twice a year to grade 12 students, although any Jordanian having completed grade 12 is entitled to take the examination. In addition, Jordan has participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) for grade 8 in mathematics and science since 1999, and PISA for 15 \u2010 year \u2010 olds in reading, mathematics, and science since 200616. Jordan also recently started administering the Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments ( EGRA and EGMA ) 17 for grades 2 and 3 students, although this assessment is run by external donors and has not been institutionalized. 19. The general Secondary Certificate Examination ( Tawjihi ) is the single most influential and decisive high \u2010 stakes exam in Jordan \u2019 s education system. This examination has been used for many decades with the dual purpose of a gateway to high school ( upon achieving a passing score ), and to determine the admissions track to higher education. Results from the exam split students into either technical education and vocational training ( TVET ) tertiary colleges or universities ( with extremely demanding cut \u2010 off scores to access the most sought \u2010 after faculties and programs ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 409, + 413, + "named" + ], + [ + 259, + 265, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 399, + 403, + "PISA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 418, + 434, + "PISA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 486, + 492, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 839, + 845, + "PISA <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Tawjihi is administered twice a year to grade 12 students, although any Jordanian having completed grade 12 is entitled to take the examination. In addition, Jordan has participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) for grade 8 in mathematics and science since 1999, and PISA for 15 \u2010 year \u2010 olds in reading, mathematics, and science since 200616. Jordan also recently started administering the Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments ( EGRA and EGMA ) 17 for grades 2 and 3 students, although this assessment is run by external donors and has not been institutionalized.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by assessing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as an international assessment", + "used to evaluate educational systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is indeed recognized as a comprehensive dataset that evaluates and benchmarks educational performance across countries globally. It is specifically referenced in relation to assessments of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics, and science. The mention occurs alongside other structured assessments (TIMSS, EGRA, and EGMA), which reinforces its role as a data source rather than a mere project or system. The extraction model could have been confused due to the formal acronym and the fact that it can also be considered as a functioning program designed to execute assessments, potentially leading some interpretations to view it merely as a management system rather than a dataset. However, given the emphasis on its evaluative role and connection to structured data collection for educational performance, it is appropriate to categorize it as a dataset within the provided context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is appropriately treated as a dataset in this context because it is specifically mentioned in relation to international assessments and is used to evaluate educational outcomes, fitting the criteria for a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 15, + "text": "6 function of secondary education graduation and competitive screening for university admission. The Tawjihi is administered twice a year to grade 12 students, although any Jordanian having completed grade 12 is entitled to take the examination. In addition, Jordan has participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) for grade 8 in mathematics and science since 1999, and PISA for 15 \u2010 year \u2010 olds in reading, mathematics, and science since 200616. Jordan also recently started administering the Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments ( EGRA and EGMA ) 17 for grades 2 and 3 students, although this assessment is run by external donors and has not been institutionalized. 19. The general Secondary Certificate Examination ( Tawjihi ) is the single most influential and decisive high \u2010 stakes exam in Jordan \u2019 s education system. This examination has been used for many decades with the dual purpose of a gateway to high school ( upon achieving a passing score ), and to determine the admissions track to higher education. Results from the exam split students into either technical education and vocational training ( TVET ) tertiary colleges or universities ( with extremely demanding cut \u2010 off scores to access the most sought \u2010 after faculties and programs ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 533, + 573, + "named" + ], + [ + 259, + 265, + "Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 486, + 492, + "Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments <> data geography" + ], + [ + 599, + 622, + "Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments <> reference population" + ], + [ + 659, + 674, + "Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments <> author" + ], + [ + 839, + 845, + "Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, Jordan has participated in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) for grade 8 in mathematics and science since 1999, and PISA for 15 \u2010 year \u2010 olds in reading, mathematics, and science since 200616. Jordan also recently started administering the Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments ( EGRA and EGMA ) 17 for grades 2 and 3 students, although this assessment is run by external donors and has not been institutionalized. 19.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments are structured evaluations used to collect data on students' reading and math skills, qualifying them as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an assessment run by external donors", + "described as an evaluation rather than a data source", + "not referred to in a way that supports it being an established dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments' refers to an assessment tool designed to evaluate students' skills in reading and math for grades 2 and 3. The context indicates it is administered by external donors and has not been institutionalized within the system of Jordan's education framework. This signals that it is more of a project or initiative rather than a standalone dataset used for analysis. Although assessments often produce data, simply running an assessment does not qualify it as a dataset unless there are indications that it is a reliable structured source of collected data that is being analyzed or referenced as such. A model could have been misled by cues in the sentence that suggest evaluation and data collection but does not sufficiently establish it as a concrete source of data for analysis. The line drawn here is based on the lack of institutional framework and clear evidence that the tool functions as a data store or a consistent source of records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Early Grade Reading and Math Assessments' functions as a tool for evaluating students rather than existing as a dataset in itself. The mention highlights its status as an assessment rather than a concrete data source, thus it is not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 15, + "text": "Such reform of the Tawjihi would need to be aligned with a revision of the curriculum of secondary education and its implementation. The double purpose of certification and university admission, and the selection criteria of tertiary education institutions must also be simultaneously reformed to better align schools toward learning, not passing exams. The GOJ has shown commitment by creating a High Commission for the reform of the Tawjihi, with specific changes already to become effective in the 2017 / 18 school year, and by deepening the dialogue with the MOHESR. 21. The final challenge that hinders further improvements in access and quality of education for all children is the MOE \u2019 s ability to manage the education system efficiently, including the system \u2019 s capacity to absorb growing populations of students. Since the start of the Syrian refugee crisis, Syrian refugees have accounted for an increase of more than 10 percent of the public student population. Additional financial resources are essential to cater to a growing number of students, many of them coming from vulnerable backgrounds and refugee populations, while improving and preserving gains in learning and education quality. Despite the increase in financial and technical support by international partners, the current capacity does not align with the challenges on the ground. 16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country. Assessments were conducted nationwide over five years ( 2012 \u2010 2017 ) in grades K \u2010 3 ( about 400, 000 children ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1365, + 1370, + "named" + ], + [ + 1419, + 1425, + "TIMSS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1682, + 1693, + "TIMSS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Despite the increase in financial and technical support by international partners, the current capacity does not align with the challenges on the ground. 16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "TIMSS is an international assessment that collects structured data on student performance in grades 4 and 8, making it a dataset used for educational research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an assessment that collects structured data", + "follows mention of other assessments", + "evaluated in terms of student performance" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) is discussed as an assessment tool that evaluates student performance in specific grades on a global scale. The text references its role in education and mentions its relevance in analyzing student capabilities. Although TIMSS could initially be mistaken for a project or an information system due to its institutional aspect, it is explicitly described as assessing and collecting data about students. The mention of grades and 'assesses students' in the context clarifies its role as a dataset. This leads me to conclude that it's appropriate to categorize TIMSS as a dataset in this situation, since it is understood to be a structured collection of performance data relevant to educational research, thereby overcoming potential confusion from its broader systemic context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TIMSS is treated as a dataset in this context because it is characterized explicitly as an assessment that gathers structured data on student performance, distinguishing it from just being a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 15, + "text": "Such reform of the Tawjihi would need to be aligned with a revision of the curriculum of secondary education and its implementation. The double purpose of certification and university admission, and the selection criteria of tertiary education institutions must also be simultaneously reformed to better align schools toward learning, not passing exams. The GOJ has shown commitment by creating a High Commission for the reform of the Tawjihi, with specific changes already to become effective in the 2017 / 18 school year, and by deepening the dialogue with the MOHESR. 21. The final challenge that hinders further improvements in access and quality of education for all children is the MOE \u2019 s ability to manage the education system efficiently, including the system \u2019 s capacity to absorb growing populations of students. Since the start of the Syrian refugee crisis, Syrian refugees have accounted for an increase of more than 10 percent of the public student population. Additional financial resources are essential to cater to a growing number of students, many of them coming from vulnerable backgrounds and refugee populations, while improving and preserving gains in learning and education quality. Despite the increase in financial and technical support by international partners, the current capacity does not align with the challenges on the ground. 16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country. Assessments were conducted nationwide over five years ( 2012 \u2010 2017 ) in grades K \u2010 3 ( about 400, 000 children ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1474, + 1478, + "named" + ], + [ + 501, + 505, + "EGRA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1419, + 1425, + "EGRA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1520, + 1525, + "EGRA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1548, + 1551, + "EGRA <> author" + ], + [ + 1682, + 1693, + "EGRA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1756, + 1774, + "EGRA <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country. Assessments were conducted nationwide over five years ( 2012 \u2010 2017 ) in grades K \u2010 3 ( about 400, 000 children ).", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "EGRA refers to the Early Grade Reading Assessment, which is a structured collection of data used to evaluate reading skills among students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as part of the institutional student assessment system", + "assessments were conducted nationwide", + "specific years of data collection mentioned", + "focused on K-3 student reading skills" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EGRA' is directly associated with assessments conducted to evaluate early reading skills among students. The mention of it being part of an institutional student assessment system implies that it is more than just a project or system; it indicates a structured methodology of data collection aimed at understanding educational outcomes in Jordan. It also specifies the population (grades K-3) and the duration of the assessment (2012-2017), which supports the notion of EGRA as a concrete dataset. There could be confusion because it is connected to a larger institutional framework, but it ultimately refers to a specific assessment process that yields quantifiable results, thus functioning as a dataset. The system-like aspect of it might lead some models to view it as merely a tool, but in this case, it acts as a collection of results generated over time.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EGRA is appropriately identified as a dataset because it refers to a structured assessment effort that results in measurable data regarding early grade reading skills among students, integrating it within a systematic evaluation framework." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 15, + "text": "Such reform of the Tawjihi would need to be aligned with a revision of the curriculum of secondary education and its implementation. The double purpose of certification and university admission, and the selection criteria of tertiary education institutions must also be simultaneously reformed to better align schools toward learning, not passing exams. The GOJ has shown commitment by creating a High Commission for the reform of the Tawjihi, with specific changes already to become effective in the 2017 / 18 school year, and by deepening the dialogue with the MOHESR. 21. The final challenge that hinders further improvements in access and quality of education for all children is the MOE \u2019 s ability to manage the education system efficiently, including the system \u2019 s capacity to absorb growing populations of students. Since the start of the Syrian refugee crisis, Syrian refugees have accounted for an increase of more than 10 percent of the public student population. Additional financial resources are essential to cater to a growing number of students, many of them coming from vulnerable backgrounds and refugee populations, while improving and preserving gains in learning and education quality. Despite the increase in financial and technical support by international partners, the current capacity does not align with the challenges on the ground. 16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country. Assessments were conducted nationwide over five years ( 2012 \u2010 2017 ) in grades K \u2010 3 ( about 400, 000 children ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1483, + 1487, + "named" + ], + [ + 501, + 505, + "EGMA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1419, + 1425, + "EGMA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1520, + 1525, + "EGMA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1570, + 1609, + "EGMA <> data type" + ], + [ + 1682, + 1693, + "EGMA <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16 TIMSS assesses grades 4 and 8 students worldwide, but Jordan only participates in the grade 8 assessment. 17 EGRA and EGMA were sponsored and supported by USAID and are considered by GOJ to be part of the institutional student assessment system in the country. Assessments were conducted nationwide over five years ( 2012 \u2010 2017 ) in grades K \u2010 3 ( about 400, 000 children ).", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "EGMA refers to an assessment that was conducted nationwide, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for educational analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as part of the institutional student assessment system", + "sponsored and supported by USAID", + "mentioned alongside EGRA, which is likely a similar project or assessment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Though 'EGMA' is associated with structured assessments conducted nationwide, the context indicates that it is part of an 'institutional student assessment system' rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase indicates it functions more as an assessment project or system under the broader educational framework implemented by a governmental body. Furthermore, since it is closely mentioned alongside 'EGRA,' which may also represent a similar entity, it further reinforces its characterization as part of a system rather than an isolated dataset. The confusion likely arises due to the structured nature of assessments, where one could mistake them for datasets, but they do not fulfill the conventional definition of datasets as discrete collections of data used for direct analysis. Thus, while the terms appear structured, they operate within the infrastructure of the assessment system rather than representing distinct datasets themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EGMA' is not a dataset but part of a broader institutional assessment system, which suggests it functions more like a project or system than a discrete collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 16, + "text": "7 22. Moreover, investments in strengthening data systems ( both technical and financial ) need to continue to deepen the use of data for evidence \u2010 based decision making in the sector and further improve resource allocation. The MOE has successfully deployed an education management information system ( EMIS ), which is now hosting data on all schools and students in the system. Additional investments in a geographical information system ( GIS ) are ongoing and will allow MOE to better plan for expansion of access across all regions in the country. Leveraging the data available through the EMIS for decision making in the sector is a key opportunity for the MOE which will require additional technical assistance and capacity building to materialize. In addition, the collection, analysis, and use of student learning data and disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data are essential for monitoring, targeting pedagogical interventions, and improving teacher practices in the classroom. C. Relationship to the Country Partnership Framework and Rationale for Use of Instrument 23. Relationship to the CPF. The proposed operation is fully aligned with the Jordan Country Partnership Framework ( CPF ) discussed by the World Bank Group Board on July 14, 2016. The CPF covers the period FY17 \u2013 22 and highlights the economic, geopolitical, and social challenges that Jordan has been facing, particularly with the Syrian refugee crisis.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 305, + 309, + "named" + ], + [ + 230, + 233, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 346, + 353, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 358, + 366, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 477, + 480, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 665, + 668, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 808, + 829, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 834, + 875, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1160, + 1166, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1257, + 1261, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1369, + 1375, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Moreover, investments in strengthening data systems ( both technical and financial ) need to continue to deepen the use of data for evidence \u2010 based decision making in the sector and further improve resource allocation. The MOE has successfully deployed an education management information system ( EMIS ), which is now hosting data on all schools and students in the system. Additional investments in a geographical information system ( GIS ) are ongoing and will allow MOE to better plan for expansion of access across all regions in the country.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured collection of data related to schools and students, used for research and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an education management information system", + "hosts data on all schools and students", + "improving resource allocation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'EMIS' is referred to as an education management information system which hosts data on schools and students. The phrase 'hosting data' suggests that the EMIS is indeed serving as a concrete data source for the analysis, especially since it is framed within the context of using data for evidence-based decision-making and resource allocation. While EMIS functions as a system, it directly implies that it holds structured data necessary for research. The model likely recognized it as a dataset due to the usage alongside phrases like 'hosting data', which indicates a primary role in data management rather than just being a tool or infrastructure. However, this confusion might arise around the term 'system', which traditionally suggests infrastructure but, in this case, is effectively being treated as a dataset because it encompasses a defined collection of educational records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMIS behaves as a dataset since it is explicitly stated to host data on schools and students, serving a direct role in data analysis and decision-making." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 16, + "text": "7 22. Moreover, investments in strengthening data systems ( both technical and financial ) need to continue to deepen the use of data for evidence \u2010 based decision making in the sector and further improve resource allocation. The MOE has successfully deployed an education management information system ( EMIS ), which is now hosting data on all schools and students in the system. Additional investments in a geographical information system ( GIS ) are ongoing and will allow MOE to better plan for expansion of access across all regions in the country. Leveraging the data available through the EMIS for decision making in the sector is a key opportunity for the MOE which will require additional technical assistance and capacity building to materialize. In addition, the collection, analysis, and use of student learning data and disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data are essential for monitoring, targeting pedagogical interventions, and improving teacher practices in the classroom. C. Relationship to the Country Partnership Framework and Rationale for Use of Instrument 23. Relationship to the CPF. The proposed operation is fully aligned with the Jordan Country Partnership Framework ( CPF ) discussed by the World Bank Group Board on July 14, 2016. The CPF covers the period FY17 \u2013 22 and highlights the economic, geopolitical, and social challenges that Jordan has been facing, particularly with the Syrian refugee crisis.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 597, + 601, + "named" + ], + [ + 230, + 233, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 358, + 366, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 477, + 480, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 665, + 668, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 808, + 829, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 834, + 875, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1160, + 1166, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1257, + 1261, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1369, + 1375, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Additional investments in a geographical information system ( GIS ) are ongoing and will allow MOE to better plan for expansion of access across all regions in the country. Leveraging the data available through the EMIS for decision making in the sector is a key opportunity for the MOE which will require additional technical assistance and capacity building to materialize. In addition, the collection, analysis, and use of student learning data and disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data are essential for monitoring, targeting pedagogical interventions, and improving teacher practices in the classroom.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "EMIS is a structured collection of data related to schools and students, used for research and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for data access", + "mentioned in relation to decision making, not as a primary data source", + "collection and analysis of data referenced but not EMIS as dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' seems to be referred to as a system utilized for accessing data rather than as a standalone dataset. The text indicates that leveraging data available through EMIS is an opportunity for decision-making but does not explicitly state that EMIS itself is a dataset. The previous judgment stating it is a dataset likely stemmed from misinterpreting 'EMIS' as a concrete instance of structured data due to its capitalization and context suggesting importance in data access. However, since the passage frames it more as an information system that should be leveraged to obtain data rather than pertaining to data itself, I conclude it functions more as a tool or infrastructure rather than a dataset. A model could mistake 'EMIS' for a dataset because it follows phrases suggesting use of data and is presented in a context where data is central to the discussion, but the evidence shows it serves as a utility for data access rather than as a data source itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is mentioned as a system to leverage data for decision-making, not as a concrete dataset itself, and thus should be classified as infrastructure rather than a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 16, + "text": "The PforR will push forward the results orientation of the sector plan by rewarding the achievement of results with disbursements. \u2022 Upfront momentum: The PforR instrument will be used to generate momentum around key activities that are potential bottlenecks in the system. Disbursement \u2010 linked indicators ( DLI ) will be a critical tool for shifting the policy dialogue toward results, especially in the initial years. \u2022 Stakeholder harmonization: The PforR will not only enhance the partnership between the government and the World Bank by using the government \u2019 s own systems, but also the harmonization of donor interventions in the sector targeting a common results framework. The NESP lays out a comprehensive results framework that has been developed in coordination with education partners. \u2022 Institutionalization of measurement: The use of the PforR instrument is an opportunity to leverage MOE \u2019 s investments in data systems, such as the OpenEMIS, and to strengthen and institutionalize a culture of measurement of results.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 950, + 958, + "named" + ], + [ + 901, + 904, + "OpenEMIS <> author" + ], + [ + 924, + 936, + "OpenEMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The NESP lays out a comprehensive results framework that has been developed in coordination with education partners. \u2022 Institutionalization of measurement: The use of the PforR instrument is an opportunity to leverage MOE \u2019 s investments in data systems, such as the OpenEMIS, and to strengthen and institutionalize a culture of measurement of results.", + "type": "data system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a data system used for collecting and managing educational data, making it a structured collection of data suitable for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data system", + "mentioned in the context of leveraging investments in data systems", + "not described as a dataset or source of analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'OpenEMIS' is explicitly identified as a data system rather than a dataset. The text refers to it in the context of institutionalizing measurement and leveraging investments for data systems, which indicates that it serves as a framework or infrastructure for data collection rather than a specific collection of data itself. The phrase 'such as the OpenEMIS' suggests it is part of a broader category of data systems rather than being singled out as an individual dataset used for analysis. The prior judgment designated it as a dataset, which might stem from terminology confusion, as it appears similar and is listed alongside other data entities. However, the signals clearly indicate it functions as a system for managing data rather than being a dataset by itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS should not be treated as a dataset in this instance; it is identified as a data system rather than a direct source of structured records for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 20, + "text": "The fourth Result Area is strengthened education system management by focusing on supporting MOE and strengthening its capacity to manage an increasing number of schools and students, notably due to the expansion of early childhood education and to the enrollment of a large number of refugee children in Jordanian schools. The focus of this Result Area is to provide and enhance the tools and resources available to the MOE for decision making and implementation. These tools include information systems such as the operationalization of the GIS, which will allow the MOE to map school construction, expansion, and rehabilitation needs, and the strengthening of the existing OpenEMIS to allow MOE to analyze and make use of disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data for decision making. This Result Area will also support the MOE in securing budget additionality to the sector in an efficient and effective manner to ensure that resources are available for undertaking the necessary reforms. 19 In an effort to shed light on gender dynamics in the education sector in Jordan, the impact evaluation will assess heterogeneous effects by student gender. 20 By \u201c private KG \u201d is meant: all non \u2010 public provision including for profit private KGs, community \u2010 based KGs, and NGO KGs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 543, + 546, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The focus of this Result Area is to provide and enhance the tools and resources available to the MOE for decision making and implementation. These tools include information systems such as the operationalization of the GIS, which will allow the MOE to map school construction, expansion, and rehabilitation needs, and the strengthening of the existing OpenEMIS to allow MOE to analyze and make use of disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data for decision making. This Result Area will also support the MOE in securing budget additionality to the sector in an efficient and effective manner to ensure that resources are available for undertaking the necessary reforms.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "GIS refers to a tool for mapping and analyzing spatial data, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for mapping and analyzing", + "mentioned in the context of information systems", + "operationalization implies a functional tool rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GIS' is referenced as part of the tools available to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It is presented alongside a description that highlights how it will be used operationally for mapping school needs. The use of the term 'operationalization' indicates that it serves as a system or tool facilitating data analysis and decision-making rather than referring to a specific structured dataset. The context mentions other systems, such as OpenEMIS, which lends further credence to the interpretation of GIS as an infrastructure rather than a dataset. A model could be confused by the mention of GIS right after a description of data-related functionalities, alongside terms that suggest it contains or analyzes data. However, unlike a dataset, it is not positioned as a single collection of structured records but as a method or tool for handling data. Overall, the line is drawn here based on the functional description of GIS as a tool rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'GIS' is considered to be a tool or system rather than a dataset because it is described as part of the operational tools available for decision making, focusing on its functionality rather than as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 20, + "text": "The fourth Result Area is strengthened education system management by focusing on supporting MOE and strengthening its capacity to manage an increasing number of schools and students, notably due to the expansion of early childhood education and to the enrollment of a large number of refugee children in Jordanian schools. The focus of this Result Area is to provide and enhance the tools and resources available to the MOE for decision making and implementation. These tools include information systems such as the operationalization of the GIS, which will allow the MOE to map school construction, expansion, and rehabilitation needs, and the strengthening of the existing OpenEMIS to allow MOE to analyze and make use of disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data for decision making. This Result Area will also support the MOE in securing budget additionality to the sector in an efficient and effective manner to ensure that resources are available for undertaking the necessary reforms. 19 In an effort to shed light on gender dynamics in the education sector in Jordan, the impact evaluation will assess heterogeneous effects by student gender. 20 By \u201c private KG \u201d is meant: all non \u2010 public provision including for profit private KGs, community \u2010 based KGs, and NGO KGs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 676, + 684, + "named" + ], + [ + 725, + 766, + "OpenEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1075, + "OpenEMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The focus of this Result Area is to provide and enhance the tools and resources available to the MOE for decision making and implementation. These tools include information systems such as the operationalization of the GIS, which will allow the MOE to map school construction, expansion, and rehabilitation needs, and the strengthening of the existing OpenEMIS to allow MOE to analyze and make use of disaggregated and gender \u2010 sensitive data for decision making. This Result Area will also support the MOE in securing budget additionality to the sector in an efficient and effective manner to ensure that resources are available for undertaking the necessary reforms.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is an information system designed to analyze and utilize educational data, making it a structured collection of data for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "mentioned in the context of tools for decision making", + "identified as a support to analyze and utilize educational data but not explicitly as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'OpenEMIS' is referenced in the context of an information system that aids decision making for the Ministry of Education (MOE). While it does facilitate the analysis of disaggregated and gender-sensitive data, it is primarily described as a system rather than a dataset. The wording in the text signals that it is functioning as a tool or platform to access, process, and analyze data, but does not directly represent a specific collection of data sets itself. This may confuse models, as it fits the label of a 'named' entity and could be interpreted as a dataset due to its capitalized format and mention alongside decision-making processes. However, without explicit references to it being used as a direct source of structured records, it is more appropriate to consider it as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'OpenEMIS' behaves more like a management information system or tool for processing educational data rather than a concrete dataset. It is not explicitly identified as a dataset, leading to the conclusion that it should not be classified as such." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "16 NCHRD and MOE \u2014 which started under ERfKE II and contributed to producing key pieces of analytical work that have played a significant role in policy development \u2014 will continue under the proposed Program. 21 One example of an evaluation study can be to look at how gender issues are addressed across different policy proposals and program interventions. The annual plan for the M & E activities will be endorsed by the GPSC and shared with all concerned donors and education sector partners. 52. The MOE has strengthened its data systems and will continue to do so to meet the M & E requirements of the Program. Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels. The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country. A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 672, + 680, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 16, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 504, + 507, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 638, + 641, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 721, + 735, + "OpenEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 739, + 745, + "OpenEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 885, + 916, + "OpenEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 987, + 990, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1155, + 1158, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MOE has strengthened its data systems and will continue to do so to meet the M & E requirements of the Program. Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system that captures disaggregated school level data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system", + "mentioned as part of strengthening data systems", + "focus on redesign and deployment in schools", + "not explicitly stated as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, although OpenEMIS captures and processes data from schools, it is more accurately described as an integrated data collection system rather than a standalone dataset. The description emphasizes its role as a tool used to strengthen data systems for education management rather than as a concrete dataset of records for analysis. Since it is referred to as an information system, it acts primarily as infrastructure aimed at collecting, managing, and distributing educational data. The confusion may arise because it has a proper name that sounds like a defined source of data, and the text suggests it is used to support analysis. However, it does not fulfill the criteria of being an independent dataset that contains finalized records or statistics for direct use. This distinction is critical to avoid conflating the system as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS is characterized as an information system for data collection and management in education, rather than an explicit dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "16 NCHRD and MOE \u2014 which started under ERfKE II and contributed to producing key pieces of analytical work that have played a significant role in policy development \u2014 will continue under the proposed Program. 21 One example of an evaluation study can be to look at how gender issues are addressed across different policy proposals and program interventions. The annual plan for the M & E activities will be endorsed by the GPSC and shared with all concerned donors and education sector partners. 52. The MOE has strengthened its data systems and will continue to do so to meet the M & E requirements of the Program. Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels. The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country. A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 755, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 16, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 504, + 507, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 638, + 641, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 721, + 735, + "OpenEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 739, + 745, + "OpenEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 885, + 916, + "OpenEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 987, + 990, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1155, + 1158, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1218, + 1236, + "OpenEMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels. The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system that captures disaggregated school level data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system", + "mentioned as part of the Ministry of Education's (MOE) redesign project", + "not directly referred to as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, OpenEMIS is described explicitly as a system for information and data collection rather than being referred to as a dataset. Although it does store and manage data, the emphasis in the description indicates that it functions as an infrastructure or platform designed to capture data rather than providing a concrete dataset for analysis. The confusion may arise because the term 'data collection system' typically implies the presence of a structured dataset, yet without explicit references to usage as a dataset, it remains more aligned with the function of a system. The original model might have misinterpreted the comprehensive nature of OpenEMIS as indicative of a dataset due to the presence of data collection functions and the use of the term in a context often associated with datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is primarily characterized as a system for collecting and managing data, rather than being referred to directly as a concrete dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "16 NCHRD and MOE \u2014 which started under ERfKE II and contributed to producing key pieces of analytical work that have played a significant role in policy development \u2014 will continue under the proposed Program. 21 One example of an evaluation study can be to look at how gender issues are addressed across different policy proposals and program interventions. The annual plan for the M & E activities will be endorsed by the GPSC and shared with all concerned donors and education sector partners. 52. The MOE has strengthened its data systems and will continue to do so to meet the M & E requirements of the Program. Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels. The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country. A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1067, + 1075, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 16, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 504, + 507, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 638, + 641, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 721, + 735, + "OpenEMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 739, + 745, + "OpenEMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 885, + 916, + "OpenEMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 987, + 990, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1155, + 1158, + "OpenEMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country. A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "type": "data collection system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system that captures structured data on students, teachers, and educational metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system that captures data", + "linked to the management information system (MIS)", + "focus is on the functionality and management of data rather than on the data itself", + "referred to as a dashboard manager, not a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'OpenEMIS' is explicitly described as a system (an educational management information system) capturing various school-level data. The description emphasizes its role as an infrastructure for managing data rather than as a dataset itself. The text discusses the system's functionality in capturing records and facilitating monitoring through a dashboard but does not mention 'OpenEMIS' as the source of structured records being directly analyzed. Confusion could arise due to it being a proper name and its operational nature which may suggest data storage; however, the context clearly indicates that it serves as an information system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS is more accurately classified as a management information system rather than a dataset in this context, given the emphasis on its role in capturing and managing data rather than providing a distinct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "16 NCHRD and MOE \u2014 which started under ERfKE II and contributed to producing key pieces of analytical work that have played a significant role in policy development \u2014 will continue under the proposed Program. 21 One example of an evaluation study can be to look at how gender issues are addressed across different policy proposals and program interventions. The annual plan for the M & E activities will be endorsed by the GPSC and shared with all concerned donors and education sector partners. 52. The MOE has strengthened its data systems and will continue to do so to meet the M & E requirements of the Program. Under ERfKE II22, the MOE completed the redesign of its OpenEMIS, which was successfully deployed in all public schools in Jordan. OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system, which covers all education levels. The system captures disaggregated school level data on students, teachers, grades, subjects, and teaching periods for all MOE operated schools and institutions in the country. A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1257, + 1261, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 16, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 504, + 507, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 638, + 641, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 721, + 735, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 739, + 745, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 885, + 916, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 987, + 990, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1155, + 1158, + "EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1218, + 1236, + "EMIS <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A dashboard linked to the OpenEMIS is currently being developed and will be accessible to individual units at the MOE to enable them to monitor their respective indicators. The Queen Rania Center ( QRC ) manages the EMIS and its dashboard.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a comprehensive and integrated information and data collection system that captures structured data on students, teachers, and educational metrics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system (EMIS)", + "describes a dashboard linked to EMIS", + "the Queen Rania Center manages the EMIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'EMIS' in this context is explicitly referred to as a management information system. It describes an integrated information and data collection system that houses various educational metrics but is said to be managed by an organization (the Queen Rania Center), implying that it serves as infrastructure rather than just a direct source of data. While the extraction pipeline might have identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized form and mention within a potentially data-oriented context, the phraseology suggests it's more of a tool or an infrastructure system that enables data collection and monitoring rather than being the concrete dataset itself. The presence of 'dashboard' also indicates that the focus here is on the user interface aspect, further supporting the notion of EMIS being a system rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS behaves as a management information system that manages data rather than being the dataset itself. It is positioned as a tool supporting data collection rather than providing data directly." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "In addition to software and hardware management, QRC is also responsible for data verification and will coordinate with the DCU and individual units to provide all necessary disaggregated data needed to monitor Program indicators and DLIs. 53. While training on the use of the OpenEMIS was conducted during the 2016 \u2013 2017 academic year, there is a critical need to build MOE staff capacity in this regard. In order to exploit the full potential of the OpenEMIS for policy development and planning, staff capacity in the fundamentals of data analytics is necessary and will be supported by this Program. C. Disbursement Arrangements 54. For the PforR part, the DLIs will be used for disbursement. There are eight DLIs spread across five years. 55. The disbursement will be contingent upon the Government furnishing evidence satisfactory to the World Bank that it has achieved the respective disbursement \u2010 linked results ( DLRs ) and these are verified by the Independent Verification Agency ( IVA ) as specified in the verification protocol. Application for withdrawal from the World Bank \u2019 s financing account of amounts allocated to individual DLRs and calculated in accordance with the relevant formula will be sent to the World Bank any time after the World Bank has notified the GOJ in writing that it has accepted evidence of achievement of the DLRs and the amount eligible for payment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 277, + 285, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "53. While training on the use of the OpenEMIS was conducted during the 2016 \u2013 2017 academic year, there is a critical need to build MOE staff capacity in this regard. In order to exploit the full potential of the OpenEMIS for policy development and planning, staff capacity in the fundamentals of data analytics is necessary and will be supported by this Program.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a tool for education management information systems, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of training and capacity building", + "described as an education management information system", + "not directly referenced as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'OpenEMIS' is referenced as an education management information system used for training and capacity building, rather than as a direct source of structured data. The text supports this interpretation by focusing on training personnel to utilize OpenEMIS effectively for policy development and planning. While the mention of OpenEMIS follows the conventions that might indicate it could be a dataset (such as sounding similar to a dataset name), there is a strong emphasis on its role as a system rather than a structured collection of data. This could lead to confusion for models, particularly if they associate capitalized names or specific training references too closely with the notion of datasets. However, the primary focus on training and system interaction clarifies that 'OpenEMIS' should be viewed as a management information system instead of a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'OpenEMIS' is identified as a management information system rather than a concrete dataset in this context, as it is discussed in terms of staff training and systems capacity building rather than direct data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 25, + "text": "In addition to software and hardware management, QRC is also responsible for data verification and will coordinate with the DCU and individual units to provide all necessary disaggregated data needed to monitor Program indicators and DLIs. 53. While training on the use of the OpenEMIS was conducted during the 2016 \u2013 2017 academic year, there is a critical need to build MOE staff capacity in this regard. In order to exploit the full potential of the OpenEMIS for policy development and planning, staff capacity in the fundamentals of data analytics is necessary and will be supported by this Program. C. Disbursement Arrangements 54. For the PforR part, the DLIs will be used for disbursement. There are eight DLIs spread across five years. 55. The disbursement will be contingent upon the Government furnishing evidence satisfactory to the World Bank that it has achieved the respective disbursement \u2010 linked results ( DLRs ) and these are verified by the Independent Verification Agency ( IVA ) as specified in the verification protocol. Application for withdrawal from the World Bank \u2019 s financing account of amounts allocated to individual DLRs and calculated in accordance with the relevant formula will be sent to the World Bank any time after the World Bank has notified the GOJ in writing that it has accepted evidence of achievement of the DLRs and the amount eligible for payment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 453, + 461, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "While training on the use of the OpenEMIS was conducted during the 2016 \u2013 2017 academic year, there is a critical need to build MOE staff capacity in this regard. In order to exploit the full potential of the OpenEMIS for policy development and planning, staff capacity in the fundamentals of data analytics is necessary and will be supported by this Program. C.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS is a tool for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as a system for managing educational data", + "does not indicate presence of structured records or datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'OpenEMIS' is presented primarily as a management system aimed at improving data analytics capabilities among staff, rather than as a concrete dataset. There are no indications that OpenEMIS is being used to directly derive data for analysis in the presented text. The focus is on building staff capacity related to the system functionalities rather than utilizing outputs or records from it as a dataset. This distinction can lead to confusion, especially since 'OpenEMIS' may be capitalized and suggested to hold educational data, making it look like a source from which data might be taken. However, because the text frames it as a tool or infrastructure for managing data instead of presenting it as a collection of data itself, it should not be classified as a dataset. The model might have flagged it due to its common structure resembling the names of databases or platforms, along with the capitalization that implies it plays a pivotal role in data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "OpenEMIS is not a dataset in this context but rather an information management system intended for educational data management, which is focused on enhancing capacity rather than serving as a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 26, + "text": "The Program supports directly the Jordanian NHDRS ( 2016 \u2013 2025 ) and NESP, which identified strategic education reform programs along with key performance indicators ( KPIs ) that address critical challenges within the sector. At the heart of the NHRDS and NESP is the ambition of developing a national workforce with the \u201c skills, qualifications, capabilities, and behaviors necessary to achieve Jordan \u2019 s economic and societal ambitions. \u201d Similarly, Jordan \u2019 s Economic Growth Plan ( JEGP ) for 2018 \u2013 2025 recognizes high quality human capital education as a key component of Jordan \u2019 s historic economic growth and outlines key components of the NHRDS as crucial to revitalizing Jordan \u2019 s economic growth. 60. The Program will contribute to Jordan \u2019 s macroeconomic stability and long \u2010 term development in line with the Jordan Economic Growth Plan ( 2018 \u2013 2022 ). The Program will play a critical role in supporting Jordan \u2019 s pressing fiscal and current account needs particularly given Jordan \u2019 s commitment to the Program under the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) Extended Fund Facility. Enhanced quality of human capital advances a country \u2019 s productivity and economic growth. Investing in education, via access to education and better quality education, earlier in the process provides higher economic returns. This is evidenced by the recognition of the importance of ECE, also a Sustainable Development Goal target. By focusing on improving the school environment, expanding the quality of ECE, and bettering learning outcomes, the Program seeks to better prepare students for learning and skills for the labor market. The Program is also supporting gender equality and equal opportunities, which will encourage both girls and boys to achieve their full potential and support women \u2019 s economic and public participation. Program technical soundness 61. The Program draws heavily on the accomplishments and lessons from the previous ERfKE projects, and is designed to incentivize the GOJ to tackle the crucial challenges and gaps that remain in the education system, as well as to pursue meaningful reforms. The Program is assessed to be", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 34, + 49, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program supports directly the Jordanian NHDRS ( 2016 \u2013 2025 ) and NESP, which identified strategic education reform programs along with key performance indicators ( KPIs ) that address critical challenges within the sector. At the heart of the NHRDS and NESP is the ambition of developing a national workforce with the \u201c skills, qualifications, capabilities, and behaviors necessary to achieve Jordan \u2019 s economic and societal ambitions.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The Jordanian NHDRS refers to a national human development reform strategy, which is a program rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a national strategy", + "described in relation to strategic programs and performance indicators", + "not discussed in terms of specific data or records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Jordanian NHDRS' refers to a national human development reform strategy that outlines educational reforms and associated key performance indicators (KPIs). It is framed as a program with ambitions related to workforce development rather than as a collection of structured data. The confusion likely arises because the term is capitalized and sounds similar to a dataset name, especially when placed alongside other strategic initiatives. The presence of terms like 'key performance indicators' might lead a model to associate it with data collection or datasets. However, upon closer inspection, it's clear that the focus is on the strategic objectives of the program, rather than a concrete dataset comprising records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Jordanian NHDRS is not treated as a dataset here because it is a strategic framework aimed at education reform rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 26, + "text": "The Program supports directly the Jordanian NHDRS ( 2016 \u2013 2025 ) and NESP, which identified strategic education reform programs along with key performance indicators ( KPIs ) that address critical challenges within the sector. At the heart of the NHRDS and NESP is the ambition of developing a national workforce with the \u201c skills, qualifications, capabilities, and behaviors necessary to achieve Jordan \u2019 s economic and societal ambitions. \u201d Similarly, Jordan \u2019 s Economic Growth Plan ( JEGP ) for 2018 \u2013 2025 recognizes high quality human capital education as a key component of Jordan \u2019 s historic economic growth and outlines key components of the NHRDS as crucial to revitalizing Jordan \u2019 s economic growth. 60. The Program will contribute to Jordan \u2019 s macroeconomic stability and long \u2010 term development in line with the Jordan Economic Growth Plan ( 2018 \u2013 2022 ). The Program will play a critical role in supporting Jordan \u2019 s pressing fiscal and current account needs particularly given Jordan \u2019 s commitment to the Program under the International Monetary Fund ( IMF ) Extended Fund Facility. Enhanced quality of human capital advances a country \u2019 s productivity and economic growth. Investing in education, via access to education and better quality education, earlier in the process provides higher economic returns. This is evidenced by the recognition of the importance of ECE, also a Sustainable Development Goal target. By focusing on improving the school environment, expanding the quality of ECE, and bettering learning outcomes, the Program seeks to better prepare students for learning and skills for the labor market. The Program is also supporting gender equality and equal opportunities, which will encourage both girls and boys to achieve their full potential and support women \u2019 s economic and public participation. Program technical soundness 61. The Program draws heavily on the accomplishments and lessons from the previous ERfKE projects, and is designed to incentivize the GOJ to tackle the crucial challenges and gaps that remain in the education system, as well as to pursue meaningful reforms. The Program is assessed to be", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 70, + 74, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Program supports directly the Jordanian NHDRS ( 2016 \u2013 2025 ) and NESP, which identified strategic education reform programs along with key performance indicators ( KPIs ) that address critical challenges within the sector. At the heart of the NHRDS and NESP is the ambition of developing a national workforce with the \u201c skills, qualifications, capabilities, and behaviors necessary to achieve Jordan \u2019 s economic and societal ambitions.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "NESP refers to a program focused on education reform in Jordan, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a program supporting education reforms", + "does not follow 'uses data from' or similar phrases", + "defined as a strategy rather than a collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NESP' refers to a program rather than a dataset. While it's mentioned in relation to the Jordanian NHDRS and describes strategic education reforms and key performance indicators, it does not function as a structured data source itself. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' before 'NESP' strongly indicates that it serves as a conceptual framework or project rather than a distinct dataset. The potential confusion for a model could stem from its presentation alongside terms like KPIs, which are often associated with quantifiable data, but those indicate the metrics of the program rather than suggesting 'NESP' is a data source. Therefore, 'NESP' should not be treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'NESP' is a program related to educational reform and does not represent a structured dataset based on the context provided." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 38, + "text": "Reformed Student Assessment and Certification System \uf0b7 First phase of Tawjihi reform completed and action plan for reform rollout is produced ( DLR # 7 ) \uf0b7 Reform of the Tawjihi is fully implemented so that its secondary graduation and certification function is separated from its function as a screening mechanism for university entrance ( DLR # 7 ) \uf0b7 Timely and adequate resources and tools are available to the Program Strengthened Management Education System ( DLI # 8 ) \uf0b7 Geographical Information System ( GIS ) operational and updated with latest data ( DLR # 8 ) \uf0b7 Approved annual budget increased to meet PforR Program needs ( DLR # 8 ) 2. Improved Teaching and Learning Conditions ( continued ) Improve School Climate \uf0b7 Develop and program interventions for improving socioemotional learning in schools with high proportion of Syrian refugees \uf0b7 Program for improving socio \u2010 emotional learning completed ( DLR # 5 ) \uf0b7 Proportion of schools with high number of Syrian refugees implementing the socioemotional learning program ( DLR # 5 ) \uf0b7 Reduction in number of reports of school disruption in targeted schools Improved school climate ( DLI # 5 ) Common Focus on refugees across Result Areas", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 477, + 508, + "named" + ], + [ + 511, + 514, + "Geographical Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Reformed Student Assessment and Certification System \uf0b7 First phase of Tawjihi reform completed and action plan for reform rollout is produced ( DLR # 7 ) \uf0b7 Reform of the Tawjihi is fully implemented so that its secondary graduation and certification function is separated from its function as a screening mechanism for university entrance ( DLR # 7 ) \uf0b7 Timely and adequate resources and tools are available to the Program Strengthened Management Education System ( DLI # 8 ) \uf0b7 Geographical Information System ( GIS ) operational and updated with latest data ( DLR # 8 ) \uf0b7 Approved annual budget increased to meet PforR Program needs ( DLR # 8 ) 2. Improved Teaching and Learning Conditions ( continued ) Improve School Climate \uf0b7 Develop and program interventions for improving socioemotional learning in schools with high proportion of Syrian refugees \uf0b7 Program for improving socio \u2010 emotional learning completed ( DLR # 5 ) \uf0b7 Proportion of schools with high number of Syrian refugees implementing the socioemotional learning program ( DLR # 5 ) \uf0b7 Reduction in number of reports of school disruption in targeted schools Improved school climate ( DLI # 5 ) Common Focus on refugees across Result Areas", + "type": "Geographical Information System", + "explanation": "The Geographical Information System (GIS) is a structured collection of data used for mapping and analyzing geographical information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that stores and processes data", + "described as operational and updated with latest data", + "listed alongside other systems and tools rather than standalone datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Geographical Information System' (GIS) refers to a system that processes and manages geographical data, rather than representing a specific dataset. The mention follows a list of systems and tools that support other educational initiatives, indicating that GIS is part of the infrastructure that enables data analysis or serves specific functions. The context suggests that GIS is not the source of the data itself, but rather a framework or platform within which data is utilized. Although the model may have extracted it as a dataset because it includes 'data' in its name and appears to relate to information processing, it lacks independent data characteristics typically associated with a dataset, such as being treated as a standalone resource for analysis or reporting. This confusion could arise from the term sounding official and substantive, yet it's better interpreted as a managing system rather than a concrete set of collected data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Geographical Information System is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it functions as a management system for geographical data rather than a defined collection of data records." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 41, + "text": "32 Indicator 2. 4: Teacher feedback on training and certification system monitored, analyzed, and included in the annual monitoring and progress reports developed by ETC No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Teacher surveys Reformed student assessment and certification system Indicator 3. 1: Grade 3 diagnostic test on early grade reading and math implemented 7. 2 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Assessments records for a sample of schools Indicator 3. 2: Legal framework for the Tawjihi exam has been adopted so that its secondary graduation and certification function is separated from its function as a screening mechanism for university entrance 7. 4 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Indicator 3. 3: Student and Teacher Feedback on first phase Tawjihi reform inform the Tawjihi reform rollout plan No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Student and teacher feedback surveys Strengthened management of education system Indicator 4. 1: Geographical Information System ( GIS ) and Open EMIS produce accurate and timely disaggregated data needed for program monitoring and evaluation 8. 1 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE GIS reports should reflect data updated on a quarterly basis and verified by MOE using its verification protocols to be considered accurate Indicator 4. 2: Percentage of bids for goods and works that needed to be re \u2010 bid No Percentage N / A < 20 % Annually MOE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 926, + 957, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: Student and Teacher Feedback on first phase Tawjihi reform inform the Tawjihi reform rollout plan No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Student and teacher feedback surveys Strengthened management of education system Indicator 4. 1: Geographical Information System ( GIS ) and Open EMIS produce accurate and timely disaggregated data needed for program monitoring and evaluation 8. 1 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE GIS reports should reflect data updated on a quarterly basis and verified by MOE using its verification protocols to be considered accurate Indicator 4.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The term 'Geographical Information System' refers to a tool used for managing and analyzing spatial data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an information system", + "not referred to as a specific dataset", + "follows phrases focusing on feedback and indicators rather than direct data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Geographical Information System (GIS)' is presented as an information system used for producing accurate and timely data, rather than being presented as a specific dataset itself. The context emphasizes its role in program monitoring and evaluation but does not indicate it is a collection of structured data intended for direct analysis. Instead, the phrasing suggests it is part of the infrastructure that helps manage data rather than being a dataset in and of itself. The possible ambiguity stems from the term's abbreviation (GIS), which might imply a dataset to some models, especially when it appears in indicator-related discussions, yet it is explicitly tied to the function of a system, not the data it holds.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Geographical Information System' in this context refers to a management information system rather than a standalone dataset, as it emphasizes its role in data production without being defined as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 41, + "text": "32 Indicator 2. 4: Teacher feedback on training and certification system monitored, analyzed, and included in the annual monitoring and progress reports developed by ETC No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Teacher surveys Reformed student assessment and certification system Indicator 3. 1: Grade 3 diagnostic test on early grade reading and math implemented 7. 2 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Assessments records for a sample of schools Indicator 3. 2: Legal framework for the Tawjihi exam has been adopted so that its secondary graduation and certification function is separated from its function as a screening mechanism for university entrance 7. 4 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Indicator 3. 3: Student and Teacher Feedback on first phase Tawjihi reform inform the Tawjihi reform rollout plan No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Student and teacher feedback surveys Strengthened management of education system Indicator 4. 1: Geographical Information System ( GIS ) and Open EMIS produce accurate and timely disaggregated data needed for program monitoring and evaluation 8. 1 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE GIS reports should reflect data updated on a quarterly basis and verified by MOE using its verification protocols to be considered accurate Indicator 4. 2: Percentage of bids for goods and works that needed to be re \u2010 bid No Percentage N / A < 20 % Annually MOE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 970, + 979, + "named" + ], + [ + 198, + 201, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 388, + 391, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 679, + 682, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 825, + 828, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1105, + 1108, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1186, + 1189, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1367, + 1370, + "Open EMIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: Student and Teacher Feedback on first phase Tawjihi reform inform the Tawjihi reform rollout plan No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE Student and teacher feedback surveys Strengthened management of education system Indicator 4. 1: Geographical Information System ( GIS ) and Open EMIS produce accurate and timely disaggregated data needed for program monitoring and evaluation 8. 1 No Yes / No No Yes Annually MOE GIS reports should reflect data updated on a quarterly basis and verified by MOE using its verification protocols to be considered accurate Indicator 4.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "Open EMIS is a system that produces accurate and timely disaggregated data needed for program monitoring and evaluation, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that produces data", + "project-related context suggesting it supports a reform plan", + "does not refer explicitly to structured data records from Open EMIS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'Open EMIS' is mentioned in relation to the production of disaggregated data for program monitoring and evaluation. The phrase \u2018Open EMIS produce accurate and timely disaggregated data\u2019 suggests that Open EMIS is functioning as a tool or system that gathers and processes data rather than representing a standalone dataset. The emphasis on its function within the education system reform indicates it's more of a management information system (MIS) than a data source on its own. The model may have flagged this as a dataset due to the presence of phrases like 'produces data' and its capitalization, making it appear like a proper noun, but it lacks the specificity of being treated as concrete data in this instance. Therefore, it fits better as infrastructural support rather than an independent dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Open EMIS is better viewed as a management information system supporting data generation and not as an independent dataset. It functions to facilitate data gathering rather than representing a concrete, structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 49, + "text": "While keeping the Tawjihi as a national examination, its secondary graduation function will be reformed putting more emphasis on school \u2010 based assessment and / or a newly created school leaving exam ( which could still be known as Tawjihi ) as the unique requirement for secondary school graduation. Legislations / decrees and standard operating procedures Third Party The verification entity will verify the passing of legislation and / or decrees establishing a separate requirement for secondary school graduation ( even if Tawjihi remains as a national examination ) and for competitive voluntary admission. DLR # 8. 1 Geographical Information System ( GIS ) is operational and updated with latest data required for The GIS system is operational, contains the latest data updated on a yearly basis, and is able to produce reports. MOE staff have been trained on the use of the system and are able to use it to inform planning and monitoring GIS reports Third Party The verification agency reviews GIS reports and checks that latest data is available.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 624, + 655, + "named" + ], + [ + 658, + 661, + "Geographical Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 836, + 839, + "Geographical Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "DLR # 8. 1 Geographical Information System ( GIS ) is operational and updated with latest data required for The GIS system is operational, contains the latest data updated on a yearly basis, and is able to produce reports. MOE staff have been trained on the use of the system and are able to use it to inform planning and monitoring GIS reports Third Party The verification agency reviews GIS reports and checks that latest data is available.", + "type": "Geographical Information System", + "explanation": "The Geographical Information System (GIS) is a structured collection of geographical data used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Geographical Information System (GIS)", + "mentioned as a system that stores and utilizes data", + "discussed in the context of training staff to use the system", + "not referenced as a specific dataset but rather as a tool or infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon evaluating the full context of the mention of 'Geographical Information System', it becomes clear that this term is used to describe an operational system designed for collecting and utilizing geographical data. The descriptive phrases surrounding it indicate that it is a structured platform or tool rather than a dataset itself. The text discusses how the GIS is updated and how staff are trained to use it, suggesting it acts as a tool for accessing and analyzing data, rather than simply a source of data. This context implies that while it involves data, it should not be classified as a dataset. A model might have concluded it is a dataset because GIS can contain structured records and is referred to in operational terms, but the emphasis on its functional use as a system suggests otherwise. The confusion likely arises from the term 'GIS' being commonly associated with datasets within research discussions, but here it functions more as a data management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Geographical Information System' should not be treated as a dataset, as it is described primarily as a system or tool used for managing and analyzing geographic data, rather than a concrete dataset or source of records." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 54, + "text": "45 Annex 5. Program Action Plan Action Description DLI # * Responsibility Recurrent Frequency Due Date Completion Measurement * * M & E Complete and verify baselines for the PforR Program indicators MOE Once No later than March 31, 2018 Procurement Establish an integrated system which captures procurement / contract cycle ( Goods, Works, Consultants ) MOE / MOPWH Once ( in two phases ) Phase 1: one year after project effectiveness Phase 2 \u2010 MOE: Integration of works and supplies departments level is completed. \u2010 MOE: Integration ( covering MOE departments, governorates, up to school levels ) is completed to align with OpenEMIS deployment timeline. \u2010 MOPWH: Integration of procurement, contract management and finance departments is completed and generating reports. \u2010 MOE and MOPWH: Systematic reports reflecting performance indicators of procurement processing and contract management. Systematic Reporting for constructions activities, between MOE and MOPWH MOE / MOPWH Recurrent \u2010 Systematic sharing of MOE Annual procurement plans, Procurement plans updates. \u2010 Systematic MOPWH reporting on contract management including payments and expected variations. Environmental and Social Safeguards Environmental and Social Standard Operating Procedures and Guidelines including different measures to bridge identified gaps, adopted. MOE 3 months after effectiveness Environmental and Social Standard Operating Procedures adopted.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 626, + 634, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Program Action Plan Action Description DLI # * Responsibility Recurrent Frequency Due Date Completion Measurement * * M & E Complete and verify baselines for the PforR Program indicators MOE Once No later than March 31, 2018 Procurement Establish an integrated system which captures procurement / contract cycle ( Goods, Works, Consultants ) MOE / MOPWH Once ( in two phases ) Phase 1: one year after project effectiveness Phase 2 \u2010 MOE: Integration of works and supplies departments level is completed. \u2010 MOE: Integration ( covering MOE departments, governorates, up to school levels ) is completed to align with OpenEMIS deployment timeline. \u2010 MOPWH: Integration of procurement, contract management and finance departments is completed and generating reports.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "OpenEMIS refers to an integrated system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that captures procurement/contract cycle data", + "described in the context of integration processes", + "not presented as a source of structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term OpenEMIS appears in a technical description context where it is clearly part of a broader integration strategy involving the management of educational data within a procurement and contract management framework. Phrases indicating phased project implementation, detailed integration steps, and the role of various ministries suggest that OpenEMIS is a management information system rather than a single dataset. While it captures and manages data, it does not constitute a standalone, directly analyzed dataset. The model may have incorrectly inferred it as a dataset based on its proper noun capitalization and the context in which it appears adjacent to mentions of data sources. However, it does not function independently as a dataset but as an overarching system designed to manage various educational records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, OpenEMIS is referenced as an integrated system for managing data, not a specific dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 62, + "text": "53 for IPF Borrowers \u201d ( July 2016 ) ( \u201c Procurement Regulations \u201d ), the Bank \u2019 s Systematic Tracking and Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ) system will be used to clear and update Procurement Plans and conduct all procurement exchanges for the Project. It will also be used as a repository of procurement documents for activities above and below the prior review thresholds. STEP will be used for publication of the procurement plan, notices, and contract award. Through STEP, the General Procurement Notice shall be published as well. A training will be administered for the different users of STEP. The procurement plan shall integrate the prior review thresholds associated with contract risks considered \u201c Substantial \u201d. 14. Staffing. The DCU will need an experienced procurement officer, to carry out the consultant selection process and communicate with the consultants. The procurement officer will rely on the expertise of the MOE for technical aspects of the selection process and contract management. 15. Procurement monitoring. The efficiency indicator related to procurement processing, and time used for evaluation shall be monitored. In addition to the desk support provided through enquiries and prior review, a supervision mission once every 6 months and a yearly post \u2010 review of procurement actions will be carried out.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 83, + 147, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "53 for IPF Borrowers \u201d ( July 2016 ) ( \u201c Procurement Regulations \u201d ), the Bank \u2019 s Systematic Tracking and Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ) system will be used to clear and update Procurement Plans and conduct all procurement exchanges for the Project. It will also be used as a repository of procurement documents for activities above and below the prior review thresholds.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "STEP is a system used for procurement management and not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system that stores procurement documents", + "used for procurement management", + "not explicitly stated as containing structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Systematic Tracking and Exchanges in Procurement (STEP) system' is described primarily as a management information system used to manage procurement processes and hold procurement documents. Although referenced in a way that could suggest it holds data, the emphasis is on its role in facilitating procurement activities rather than functioning as a dataset for analysis. The phrasing suggests it is software infrastructure rather than a dataset; it is clearly part of a project management framework rather than a standalone data source. The model may confuse it as a dataset due to its systematic function and the capitalization of its title, which lends it an authoritative appearance. However, the contextual clues strongly indicate it is a tool rather than a data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The STEP system is fundamentally an information management tool for procurement rather than a dataset; it supports processes and houses documents but is not structured primarily for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 63, + "text": "54 Annex 7. Economic Analysis 1. The net effect of the Program at the individual \u2019 s level is calculated as the additional benefit that a representative child obtains as a result of the Program. This effect is estimated from a present discounted value ( PDV ) calculation. This approach estimates the stream of benefits and costs of schooling over a lifetime in the labor market with and without the Program. 2. Data for this analysis are obtained mainly from the 2010 Income and Expenditure Survey, a household survey of the labor force, and from the 2015 Population and Housing Census conducted by the Department of Statistics. This representative information accounts for the entire population of Jordan of all ages. It is worth noting that the estimates below are considered under estimates as they do not account for the social benefits of more and better education. Estimation of expected economic benefits 3. The private benefits ( returns to schooling ) are measured following the standard literature on cost \u2010 benefit analysis for investments in education and by calculating the earnings over the course of the working life.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 464, + 498, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Data for this analysis are obtained mainly from the 2010 Income and Expenditure Survey, a household survey of the labor force, and from the 2015 Population and Housing Census conducted by the Department of Statistics. This representative information accounts for the entire population of Jordan of all ages.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2010 Income and Expenditure Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis of household income and expenditures.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'are obtained mainly from'", + "described as a household survey", + "used for analysis of household income and expenditures" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2010 Income and Expenditure Survey' is clearly referenced as a source from which the data for analysis is obtained. The phrase 'are obtained mainly from' explicitly indicates that this survey is being used as a primary data source in the research. The description of it as a household survey and its purpose related to analyzing household income and expenditures strongly aligns with the notion of a dataset, suggesting a structured collection of data. There is less ambiguity in this instance compared to other cases where a system or project might have been mentioned; here it is characterized more explicitly as a survey. Potential confusion could arise if someone were to misinterpret it as part of a larger project rather than as a standalone dataset; however, the given phrasing clarifies its role as the basis for empirical analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2010 Income and Expenditure Survey' is being treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly cited as a primary source of data for analysis, and is described in a way that aligns with it being a structured collection pertaining to household financial transactions." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 63, + "text": "54 Annex 7. Economic Analysis 1. The net effect of the Program at the individual \u2019 s level is calculated as the additional benefit that a representative child obtains as a result of the Program. This effect is estimated from a present discounted value ( PDV ) calculation. This approach estimates the stream of benefits and costs of schooling over a lifetime in the labor market with and without the Program. 2. Data for this analysis are obtained mainly from the 2010 Income and Expenditure Survey, a household survey of the labor force, and from the 2015 Population and Housing Census conducted by the Department of Statistics. This representative information accounts for the entire population of Jordan of all ages. It is worth noting that the estimates below are considered under estimates as they do not account for the social benefits of more and better education. Estimation of expected economic benefits 3. The private benefits ( returns to schooling ) are measured following the standard literature on cost \u2010 benefit analysis for investments in education and by calculating the earnings over the course of the working life.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 552, + 586, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Data for this analysis are obtained mainly from the 2010 Income and Expenditure Survey, a household survey of the labor force, and from the 2015 Population and Housing Census conducted by the Department of Statistics. This representative information accounts for the entire population of Jordan of all ages.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2015 Population and Housing Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'are obtained mainly from'", + "described as conducted by the Department of Statistics", + "identified as a census which is a structured collection", + "implies collection of demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2015 Population and Housing Census' is explicitly mentioned as a source of data for analysis, specifically after a phrase that indicates data is being obtained from it. Censuses are generally recognized as systematic efforts to collect demographic data, which qualifies them as datasets. The text clearly states that it accounts for all ages in the population of Jordan, thereby reinforcing its role as a comprehensive data source. While there could be some ambiguity if it was referred to solely as a project or initiative without clarifying that it\u2019s being used for data, in this case, it clearly functions as a dataset based on the contextual phrasing. Additionally, the involvement of an official statistical body, the Department of Statistics, typically suggests that the data collection effort is systematic and well-organized, supporting the interpretation of it as a dataset. Overall, I see no substantial confusion factors here as the context leads directly to recognizing it as a dataset rather than a project or an infrastructure system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2015 Population and Housing Census' is treated as a real dataset in this case because it is explicitly cited as a source of data obtained for the analysis and is recognized as a structured collection of demographic information conducted by a statistical authority." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 64, + "text": "55 Source: World Development Indicators. - ga s denotes the probability that a child aged a, from population group g, is alive at age a. This probability stems from our own calculations and are based on data from Population and Housing Census 2015 and on a methodology given by the United Nations ( 2002 ) ( see Table A. 1 ). The probability of a child aged 5 surviving to the age of 18 is assumed to be one. - gkla \uf071 denotes the probability of an individual aged a, from population group g, and with completion level l, has k type of employment. - gkla y denotes the average real annual earnings received by an individual aged a, from population group g, with education level l, and employment type k. Given that these data are missing for unpaid workers, we artificially build this age and education level earnings profiles by decreasing the corresponding profiles of self \u2010 employed workers by 75 percent. - kd denotes the annualized growth rate of real annual earnings in k type of employment. This rate is estimated over the 2005 \u2010 2010 period and is assumed to be identical for all population groups and education levels.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 213, + 247, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "- ga s denotes the probability that a child aged a, from population group g, is alive at age a. This probability stems from our own calculations and are based on data from Population and Housing Census 2015 and on a methodology given by the United Nations ( 2002 ) ( see Table A. 1 ).", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Population and Housing Census 2015 is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on data from'", + "described as a census, which implies a structured collection of demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Population and Housing Census 2015' is explicitly referenced after the phrase 'based on data from', suggesting it is a source of structured data utilized in the analysis. This aligns with how datasets are typically identified\u2014by their role as data sources rather than merely their titles. Although it might be argued that census projects function as systems to compile demographic data, the phrasing in this instance emphasizes its role as a data source for the calculations presented rather than a project or system. The term 'Census' itself triggers associations with comprehensive, organized data collection efforts, which strengthens the understanding that it behaves as a dataset in this context. Therefore, there is a clear distinction here indicating that it's used as empirical evidence rather than merely being identified as a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Population and Housing Census 2015' refers to an organized dataset of demographic information used in the analysis, thus it is treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "095_Jordan-Educ-Reform-121282-JO-PAD-11142017", + "page": 68, + "text": "30 \u2010 0. 06 3. 93 2. 60 Incomplete lower secondary 22. 00 23. 00 0. 05 0. 01 21. 33 20. 00 Incomplete upper secondary 34. 00 32. 40 \u2010 0. 05 \u2010 0. 01 30. 73 29. 40 Completed upper secondary but not post \u2010 secondary 12. 00 13. 50 0. 13 0. 03 0. 01 18. 50 0. 02 22. 50 Post \u2010 secondary 24. 00 25. 50 0. 06 0. 01 25. 50 25. 50 Source: Income and Expenditure Survey, 2010, Department of Statistics and own calculations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 329, + 358, + "named" + ], + [ + 360, + 364, + "Income and Expenditure Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 366, + 390, + "Income and Expenditure Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "50 25. 50 Source: Income and Expenditure Survey, 2010, Department of Statistics and own calculations.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through a survey conducted by the Department of Statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source:' which indicates a data reference" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'Income and Expenditure Survey' appears to be clearly referenced in the context of sourcing data for analysis, specifically indicated by 'Source: Income and Expenditure Survey, 2010...'. This phrase strongly suggests that it is being utilized as a dataset for the calculations mentioned. The mention of the Department of Statistics lends further credibility that this is indeed a formal dataset rather than a broader project or system. There is no indication that this term is being used to refer to an infrastructure or tool; rather, it is directly treated as a source of data in this particular context. Possible confusion arises from the fact that surveys can sometimes refer to overarching projects, but in this instance, the clear sourcing and the presence of a specific year reinforce that this is intended as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Income and Expenditure Survey' is treated as a dataset due to explicit indicators that it is a source for analysis, reinforced by its formal designation and specific sourcing in the text." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 2, + "text": "et l ' Emploi ) ECAM Cameroon Household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise Aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ) EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GDP Gross Domestic Product GIZ German technical cooperation agency ( Deutsche Gesellschaft fur International Zusammenarbeit ) GoC Government of Cameroon HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Country HR Human Resources ICOR Incremental Output Ratio ICT Information and Communication Technology IDF Institutional Development Fund IFMIS Integrated Financial Information Management System IFR Interim Financial Report IMF International Monetary Fund INS National Institute of Statistics ( Institut National des Statistiques ) LFS Labor Force Survey M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MDG Millennium Development Goals MINEDUB Ministry of Basic Education ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Education de Base ) MINSANTE Ministry of Health ( Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 ) MINEPAT Ministry of Economy, Planning, and Regional Development ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Economie, de la Planification et de l \u2019 Am\u00e9nagement du Territoire ) MINFI Ministry of Finance ( Minist\u00e8re des Finances ) MINMAP Ministry of Public Contracts ( Minist\u00e8re des March\u00e9s Publics ) MOOC Massive Open Online Courses MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework MTBF Medium-Term Budgetary Framework NPF New Procurement Framework PBF Performance-Based Financing PCU Project Coordination Unit PDO Project Development Objective PEFA Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability PFM Public Financial Management PFMP Public Finance Modernization Plan PIB Public Investment Budget PIP Public Investment Program PIM Project Investment Management PM Prime Minister PNDP Community Development Program ( Programme National", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 21, + 46, + "named" + ], + [ + 21, + 29, + "Cameroon Household Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "et l ' Emploi ) ECAM Cameroon Household Survey ( Enqu\u00eate Camerounaise Aupr\u00e8s des M\u00e9nages ) EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GDP Gross Domestic Product GIZ German technical cooperation agency ( Deutsche Gesellschaft fur International Zusammenarbeit ) GoC Government of Cameroon HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Country HR Human Resources ICOR Incremental Output Ratio ICT Information and Communication Technology IDF Institutional Development Fund IFMIS Integrated Financial Information Management System IFR Interim Financial Report IMF International Monetary Fund INS National Institute of Statistics ( Institut National des Statistiques ) LFS Labor Force Survey M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MDG Millennium Development Goals MINEDUB Ministry of Basic Education ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Education de Base ) MINSANTE Ministry of Health ( Minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9 ) MINEPAT Ministry of Economy, Planning, and Regional Development ( Minist\u00e8re de l \u2019 Economie, de la Planification et de l \u2019 Am\u00e9nagement du Territoire ) MINFI Ministry of Finance ( Minist\u00e8re des Finances ) MINMAP Ministry of Public Contracts ( Minist\u00e8re des March\u00e9s Publics ) MOOC Massive Open Online Courses MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework MTBF Medium-Term Budgetary Framework NPF New Procurement Framework PBF Performance-Based Financing PCU Project Coordination Unit PDO Project Development Objective PEFA Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability PFM Public Financial Management PFMP Public Finance Modernization Plan PIB Public Investment Budget PIP Public Investment Program PIM Project Investment Management PM Prime Minister PNDP Community Development Program ( Programme National", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households in Cameroon, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as containing structured data from households" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Cameroon Household Survey' appears among a list that includes other named international datasets and organizations. The terminology suggests it is an actual survey designed to collect household data in Cameroon, commonly understood in research contexts as a dataset. Furthermore, it is explicitly referred to as a survey, which implies it consists of structured data derived from household responses, supporting the view that it functions as a proper dataset. While there is a possibility that it could be considered a project (since surveys are often conducted under specific project frameworks), its established use in the empirical literature as a source of data points towards it being treated more appropriately as a dataset rather than just a project or system. The model may have been confused by the inclusion of other entities in a bulleted list that could include systems or projects, leading to ambiguity. However, the clues in this specific instance clearly lean towards a dataset due to the survey's nature and function in the context of data collection about households in Cameroon.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Cameroon Household Survey' is an actual dataset as it refers to a structured collection of data specifically gathered from households for research and analysis purposes. It is not merely a project or system but rather a well-defined data source utilized for empirical insights." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 13, + "text": "Cameroon has ranked consistently in the lower quintile of world governance indicators for the last two decades ( Figures 5-1 and 5-2, Annex 5 ). Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015. Global Competitiveness Report 2014 \u2013 2015. 5 DSCE 2010 \u2013 2020; President Paul Biya \u2019 s New Year Speeches in December 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2014, 2015 or official communication to Cabinet in December 2004, September 2006, September 2007, March 2008, July 2009, and October 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 337, + 364, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 8, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> data geography" + ], + [ + 245, + 257, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> reference population" + ], + [ + 300, + 326, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> publisher" + ], + [ + 329, + 333, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 389, + 393, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 405, + 409, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 428, + 432, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 859, + 877, + "Global Corruption Barometer <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Global Corruption Barometer is a structured survey that collects data on perceptions of corruption, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows other reputable data sources", + "described implicitly as a survey collecting data on corruption perceptions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Global Corruption Barometer' is referenced in a list of established surveys and research projects organized by recognized entities such as Transparency International. It is specifically recognized for collecting data on corruption perceptions, which conforms to the classic understanding of a dataset. The mention of it alongside other surveys indicates its role as a structured source of data. One could argue this might resemble infrastructure, primarily when considered as part of Transparency International's broader efforts; however, since it explicitly collects and provides data for analysis, it fits the criteria of a dataset. The model's confusion might arise from the fact that it could be interpreted as part of a project or organizational effort rather than a standalone dataset, but given the context of its use, it clearly serves as an analytical resource.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Global Corruption Barometer is appropriately treated as a dataset due to its function as a survey collecting specific data on corruption perceptions, and it is clearly recognized as a source of information amidst other datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 13, + "text": "Cameroon has ranked consistently in the lower quintile of world governance indicators for the last two decades ( Figures 5-1 and 5-2, Annex 5 ). Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015. Global Competitiveness Report 2014 \u2013 2015. 5 DSCE 2010 \u2013 2020; President Paul Biya \u2019 s New Year Speeches in December 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2014, 2015 or official communication to Cabinet in December 2004, September 2006, September 2007, March 2008, July 2009, and October 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 366, + 379, + "named" + ], + [ + 245, + 257, + "Afrobarometer <> reference population" + ], + [ + 329, + 333, + "Afrobarometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 382, + 393, + "Afrobarometer <> reference year" + ], + [ + 398, + 409, + "Afrobarometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 428, + 432, + "Afrobarometer <> publication year" + ], + [ + 435, + 443, + "Afrobarometer <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "Afrobarometer is a structured collection of data that surveys public opinion on governance, democracy, and other social issues in Africa.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "listed with other clear data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Afrobarometer' appears to be listed alongside other well-known datasets and sources of data. The phrase 'Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer' suggests that Afrobarometer functions as a comparative data source on governance and public opinion, much like the other sources referenced. Therefore, it can be understood to represent a structured dataset of survey data regarding public opinion on governance and corruption in Africa. While 'Afrobarometer' could indeed be seen as a project or initiative, given its usage in this context alongside other datasets and relevant surveys, it reinforces the notion that it possesses attributes of a dataset. The textual context provides sufficient signals that help clarify Afrobarometer's role as a data source rather than merely a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, Afrobarometer is treated as a dataset because it is referenced alongside other recognized data sources and is understood to contain structured survey data on public opinion, thus fulfilling the attributes of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 13, + "text": "Cameroon has ranked consistently in the lower quintile of world governance indicators for the last two decades ( Figures 5-1 and 5-2, Annex 5 ). Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015. Global Competitiveness Report 2014 \u2013 2015. 5 DSCE 2010 \u2013 2020; President Paul Biya \u2019 s New Year Speeches in December 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2014, 2015 or official communication to Cabinet in December 2004, September 2006, September 2007, March 2008, July 2009, and October 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 435, + 462, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 8, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 245, + 257, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 415, + 425, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 428, + 432, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 435, + 443, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 470, + 474, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 477, + 488, + "Cameroon Enterprise Surveys <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Cameroon Enterprise Surveys are structured collections of data used to assess the business environment and challenges faced by enterprises in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows formal naming conventions", + "references structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon analyzing the mention of 'Cameroon Enterprise Surveys', it clearly appears in a list with other established surveys and datasets, such as the Global Corruption Barometer and Afrobarometer. The context indicates that these are formal data collection efforts often used in analyses regarding economic conditions and business environments. The term 'Cameroon Enterprise Surveys' capitalizes on the formal naming conventions typically associated with datasets, which reinforces the idea that it represents structured data rather than just a project name or information system. Additionally, the phrasing does not suggest that this survey is being discussed solely as an infrastructure or a tool. Therefore, it aligns well with the characteristics of a dataset. The confusion likely arises because such structures could sometimes be perceived as broader projects; however, the title's context and presentation clearly label it as a distinct collection of data used in this analytical context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Cameroon Enterprise Surveys' behaves as a dataset because it is listed alongside other datasets, suggesting it is a structured collection of data relevant for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 13, + "text": "Cameroon has ranked consistently in the lower quintile of world governance indicators for the last two decades ( Figures 5-1 and 5-2, Annex 5 ). Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015. Global Competitiveness Report 2014 \u2013 2015. 5 DSCE 2010 \u2013 2020; President Paul Biya \u2019 s New Year Speeches in December 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2014, 2015 or official communication to Cabinet in December 2004, September 2006, September 2007, March 2008, July 2009, and October 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 464, + 467, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "INS refers to an organization (Institut National de la Statistique) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows the mention of the firm census", + "identified as a national statistical institute" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'INS' appears in a list with other recognized datasets and surveys. However, in this context, it stands for 'Institut National de la Statistique', which indicates that it refers to the organization responsible for statistical data rather than being a dataset itself. While the organization may collect and produce datasets, the text does not indicate that INS is the structured collection of data but rather, that it is an institution. The potential confusion arises from the format of presentation, as it is listed among datasets and might imply that it contains specific data, leading the model to incorrectly classify it as a dataset. However, on closer inspection, it functions primarily as a reference to the statistical authority rather than a discrete collection of data points that could be analyzed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'INS' refers to the Institut National de la Statistique and is treated as an organization rather than a dataset, thus it is not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 13, + "text": "Cameroon has ranked consistently in the lower quintile of world governance indicators for the last two decades ( Figures 5-1 and 5-2, Annex 5 ). Governance, Government effectiveness, and corruption are consistently acknowledged as key issues by Cameroonians, 3 the private sector, 4 and the GoC. 5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015. Global Competitiveness Report 2014 \u2013 2015. 5 DSCE 2010 \u2013 2020; President Paul Biya \u2019 s New Year Speeches in December 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2014, 2015 or official communication to Cabinet in December 2004, September 2006, September 2007, March 2008, July 2009, and October 2015.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 503, + 526, + "named" + ], + [ + 0, + 8, + "Business Climate Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 245, + 257, + "Business Climate Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 415, + 425, + "Business Climate Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 428, + 432, + "Business Climate Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 470, + 474, + "Business Climate Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 3 Transparency International ( 2013 ), Global Corruption Barometer, Afrobarometer ( 2011 \u2013 2013 and 2014 \u2013 2015 ). 4 World Bank ( 2009 ) Cameroon Enterprise Surveys, INS ( 2009 ) firm census, GoC ( 2011 ) Business Climate Survey; WEF ( World Economic Forum ). 2015.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Business Climate Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the business environment in Cameroon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows a list of data sources", + "described in the context of assessing the business environment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Business Climate Survey' is presented in a list format, surrounded by other established datasets such as 'Global Corruption Barometer' and 'Cameroon Enterprise Surveys'. The text suggests a broader analysis based on multiple sources of structured data, which implies that each item listed, including the 'Business Climate Survey', serves as a dataset informing the analysis. Components like 'assess the business environment' clearly position this survey as a repository of structured data rather than a mere project name, although its mention could lead to confusion about it being part of a larger initiative aimed at understanding business conditions. The model might have identified it as a dataset due to its formal naming and its function in the research context, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Business Climate Survey' is considered a dataset here because it is referenced as a source of structured data used in the analysis, appearing alongside other well-established datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 21, + "text": "On the supply side, labor force surveys ( LFSs ) are irregular and not frequent enough. On the demand side, the annual enterprises survey does not emphasize employment issues, the informal sector survey is as irregular as the LFS, and there is no annual agricultural survey. Finally, line ministries could benefit from INS data production and expertise to inform program preparation and M & E. 27. National accounts are engaged in a modernization process requiring support but suffer from a lack of sufficient and comprehensive trade data. While many Sub-Saharan countries are still following the 1993 national accounts framework, Cameroon transitioned successfully to the 2008 system and has been producing trimestral accounts since 2015. However, the classic annual national accounts suffer from a lack of reliable agriculture statistics. The last agriculture and livestock census was undertaken in 1984 and annual surveys stopped in the early 1990s. The Ministry of Livestock, Fishery, and Animal Industry and the Ministry of Agriculture Rural Development currently rely on indirect sources to produce the necessary basic sector statistics. A new agricultural and livestock census was originally planned for 2017, but the cost is high compared to similar exercises in the region ( CFAF 23. 6 billion ). However, the AfDB and EU are exploring ways to contribute to the financing of this census in synergy with the population census.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 319, + 327, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "On the demand side, the annual enterprises survey does not emphasize employment issues, the informal sector survey is as irregular as the LFS, and there is no annual agricultural survey. Finally, line ministries could benefit from INS data production and expertise to inform program preparation and M & E. 27.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "INS data refers to a concept of data production and expertise rather than a specific structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as INS data production and expertise", + "not clearly defined as a structured collection of data", + "context refers to program preparation rather than indicating data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'INS data' seems to refer more to the notion of production and associated expertise rather than a concrete, defined dataset that can be analyzed. There\u2019s no indication that this data is stored in a structured format or system that is being queried or referenced for specific analysis. The text discusses how line ministries could benefit from 'INS data production and expertise,' which suggests that this term is related to a general concept or framework for data rather than a specific dataset that is used for analysis. The phrase does not appear immediately after a direct method of data usage nor is it included in a list of known datasets. This distinction might confuse a model, as 'INS data' is capitalized and has the appearance of a proper noun, which could lead to misclassification as a dataset without further context indicating its function as one. Thus, while 'INS data' suggests an area of focus or specialization, it does not represent a specific, structured dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The mention of 'INS data' in this context relates to data production and expertise, rather than a concrete dataset that is used for analysis; therefore, it is not considered a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 21, + "text": "Data on cross-border trade are not fully included in the national accounts, whereas trade is significant for the local economies close to borders ( North-West region with Nigeria and North and Far North regions with Chad and Nigeria ). The quarterly national accounts methodology also needs to be consolidated. 28. While data management ( from archiving to dissemination ) is adequate, there is a need for enhancement by utilizing more online tools. Statistics are useful if they are both accessible and usable not only by authorities but also by academics, students, civil society, international organizations, among others. INS sets up databases of socioeconomics data, and data on trade, prices, and national accounts are available on the National Data Dashboard ( Page Nationale R\u00e9capitulative des Donn\u00e9es ). However, 20 The Government has financed CFAF 4 billion for the first phase of the census, that is, the cartography. The amount needed to complete the second phase, that is, data collection, is estimated at CFAF 18. 4 billion. So far, the Government has budgeted CFAF 11 billion, the AfDB CFAF 1 billion, and the World Bank CFAF 2. 2 billion ( US $ 4 million from the PAISS Project ). The Census Bureau ( Bureau Central du Recensement et des Etudes sur la Population, BUCREP ) gave the assurance that the gap of CFAF 4. 2 billion will be filled in by the Government. 21 Enqu\u00eate Compl\u00e9mentaire ECAM 4, data collection representative at the local council level ( October 2016 - January 2017 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 742, + 765, + "named" + ], + [ + 148, + 178, + "National Data Dashboard <> data geography" + ], + [ + 651, + 670, + "National Data Dashboard <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Statistics are useful if they are both accessible and usable not only by authorities but also by academics, students, civil society, international organizations, among others. INS sets up databases of socioeconomics data, and data on trade, prices, and national accounts are available on the National Data Dashboard ( Page Nationale R\u00e9capitulative des Donn\u00e9es ). However, 20 The Government has financed CFAF 4 billion for the first phase of the census, that is, the cartography.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The National Data Dashboard is described as a platform where socioeconomics data, trade, prices, and national accounts are available, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for socioeconomics data", + "follows 'data on trade, prices, and national accounts are available on the'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the National Data Dashboard appears to function as a structured platform that aggregates various types of socioeconomics data, which aligns with the characteristics of what a dataset entails. The passage explicitly states that data on trade, prices, and national accounts are available on the National Data Dashboard, indicating that it serves as a source from which this data can be accessed. The phrase 'are available on the National Data Dashboard' suggests that the dashboard is a repository for this information, rather than just a reference to a management system or a mere project name. However, one might question if the term could be interpreted as more of a tool or framework than a dataset, especially since it is referred to as a 'dashboard,' which usually connotes a user interface rather than raw data itself. Nevertheless, in this context, it meets the criteria for a dataset given its role in storing and presenting structured data. Thus, while the model might have been misled to view it strictly as a data system or tool, the clear indication that data is sourced from this dashboard supports the classification as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the National Data Dashboard is treated as a dataset because it is described as a platform where specific socioeconomics datasets are accessible, directly indicating its role as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 4: Strengthening SOE portfolio management. This subcomponent will support the Government \u2019 s efforts to strengthen the corporate governance framework and Government oversight of the public enterprise sector.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 170, + 186, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "BOOST25 database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 129, + 148, + "BOOST25 database <> data type" + ], + [ + 241, + 251, + "BOOST25 database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The BOOST25 database is a structured collection of public budget and spending data developed to ensure it is updated and published, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database that stores public budget and spending data", + "developed with World Bank support to ensure data is updated and published" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'BOOST25 database' is explicitly referred to as a 'database' within the context of public finance data. The surrounding text identifies the BOOST25 database as structured and developed with support from the World Bank specifically for the purpose of storing and publishing updates on budget and spending data. The phrase 'to ensure it is updated and published' further emphasizes that the database serves as a repository for dynamic financial information, which aligns it closely with the definition of a dataset. Although 'BOOST25' could potentially refer to a larger project or infrastructure, the description provided leads to the conclusion that it is indeed functioning as a concrete data source in this context, rather than just a management information system or project name without explicit reference to data usage.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The BOOST25 database is appropriately categorized as a dataset because it is a structured collection of public finance data designed for use and publication." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 4: Strengthening SOE portfolio management. This subcomponent will support the Government \u2019 s efforts to strengthen the corporate governance framework and Government oversight of the public enterprise sector.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 470, + 480, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "SIGIPES II refers to an integrated HR/payroll management system, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an integrated HR/payroll management system", + "mentioned in the context of deploying a management system", + "does not refer to structured data or records for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "When evaluating 'SIGIPES II', it becomes evident that the term is tied to a project or system focused on integrated HR and payroll management. The description indicates that it serves as an operational program or infrastructure rather than a direct source of structured datasets. The mention of deploying the system along with tasks related to updates and training reinforces that it functions as a management tool rather than as data that could be analyzed. A model might confuse this mention for a dataset primarily because it follows a similar naming convention as datasets (capitalization and a title format), and it appears in a technical context often associated with data. However, unlike actual datasets, 'SIGIPES II' does not present itself as a collection of records or statistics, making it clear that it is indeed a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SIGIPES II' is not treated as a dataset because it denotes an integrated HR/payroll management system rather than a structured collection of records or data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 4: Strengthening SOE portfolio management. This subcomponent will support the Government \u2019 s efforts to strengthen the corporate governance framework and Government oversight of the public enterprise sector.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 486, + 493, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEDUB refers to a ministry (Ministry of Basic Education) and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of ministry structure", + "appears in context referencing a system", + "not described as having records or data in the context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEDUB' is referred to as a ministry, specifically the Ministry of Basic Education, rather than a dataset. The surrounding text mentions that it participates in the deployment of an HR/payroll management system, which indicates it is functioning as a node or entity within a larger framework rather than acting as a source of structured data itself. The extraction model may have confused 'MINEDUB' for a dataset because it's capitalized and appears alongside references to IT equipment and databases, which often associate with data sources. However, the text clearly establishes that it is an institutional reference rather than a data repository. The confusion could arise from the use of context-specific language where 'MINEDUB' is tied to systems and operational support rather than actual data collection or processing.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MINEDUB' is not treated as a dataset in this context as it refers to the Ministry of Basic Education rather than a concrete data collection, despite potential misinterpretation due to capitalization and its contextual association with data systems." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 4: Strengthening SOE portfolio management. This subcomponent will support the Government \u2019 s efforts to strengthen the corporate governance framework and Government oversight of the public enterprise sector.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 498, + 506, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ).", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINSANTE refers to a ministry (Ministry of Public Health) and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a ministry, not as a data source", + "enumerated with another entity that is a system", + "described in terms of supporting HR/payroll management practices" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINSANTE' clearly refers to a ministry (the Ministry of Public Health) and is not presented as a dataset or as a source of structured data. The surrounding text indicates that it is being discussed within the framework of implementing a payroll management system, where it plays a role in the deployment of the system rather than being a dataset. The presence of 'SIGIPES II,' which is explicitly described as an integrated HR/payroll management system, creates a distinction\u2014where 'MINSANTE' serves as an entity involved in a project, while the actual dataset would be more closely tied to components like 'the HR database.' A model might have been confused due to 'MINSANTE' appearing alongside 'SIGIPES II,' which may suggest that it somehow contributes data. However, since it does not provide data itself and is mentioned strictly as a project context, it should not be classified as a dataset. Additionally, the text does not present 'MINSANTE' as an organized collection of data but rather focuses on its function as a ministry in charge of payroll management processes and updates.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MINSANTE' is not a dataset; it refers to a ministry and does not act as a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 22 of 93 publication of public finance data and the setup of the BOOST25 database on public budget and spending recently developed with World Bank support to ensure it is updated and published. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 3: Deploying new payroll management. This subcomponent will support the deployment of the recently developed integrated HR / payroll management system ( SIGIPES II ) in MINEDUB and MINSANTE. This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1. 4: Strengthening SOE portfolio management. This subcomponent will support the Government \u2019 s efforts to strengthen the corporate governance framework and Government oversight of the public enterprise sector.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 843, + 853, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This will require the completion of the ongoing update of the HR database for the selected ministries, acquisition of additional IT equipment, and training of the respective units in charge of HR / payroll in these ministries including change management support ( possibly using the RRA ). Finally, the project will support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis, the update of the Organizational Framework ( cadres organiques ), and strategic staffing planning for MINEDUB and MINSANTE. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 1.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "SIGIPES II refers to an integrated HR/payroll management system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for HR analysis", + "described in relation to HR database and strategic planning", + "not enumerated with other datasets", + "refers to a project/tool rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'SIGIPES II' is clearly indicated as an HR management system. The context suggests that it is being utilized in the realm of HR analysis and assists with organizational planning, but it does not function as a standalone dataset for analysis. The phrasing 'support the use of SIGIPES II for HR analysis' implies that it is a system aiding in analysis rather than a dataset itself. This distinction is crucial since the model might have considered it a dataset due to its capitalized name and its context in relation to data work. However, its primary role within the text is more about facilitating processes in human resources rather than being a structured collection of data intended for analysis. Additionally, the structure of the surrounding sentences does not frame SIGIPES II as a data source, which also contributes to my determination.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, SIGIPES II is not a dataset; it represents an HR management system used for analysis rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The subcomponent will provide support to enhance the PIB preparation process by ( a ) defining and implementing public investment management, in particular investment project programming, preparation and selection ( policy note / decree / order on a new Project Investment Management ( PIM ) cycle26 and stocktaking of existing investment projects to identify projects to be supported from appraisal to selection or to be cancelled ); ( b ) defining and establishing ICT-based solution for the management of information of public investment project preparation and piloting performance contracting for the Cellules PBBS of MINEDUB and MINSANTE and for the MINEPAT / Direction de la 25 BOOST is a Bank-wide collaborative effort launched in 2010 to facilitate access to budget data and promote effective use for improved decision-making processes, transparency and accountability, deployed in about 40 countries so far. It provides user-friendly platforms where all expenditures data can be easily accessed and used by researchers, government officials and citizens. 26 Strategic guidance, programming, appraisal, project selection in program budgets preparation, implementation, and evaluation and audit.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 635, + 643, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will provide support to enhance the PIB preparation process by ( a ) defining and implementing public investment management, in particular investment project programming, preparation and selection ( policy note / decree / order on a new Project Investment Management ( PIM ) cycle26 and stocktaking of existing investment projects to identify projects to be supported from appraisal to selection or to be cancelled ); ( b ) defining and establishing ICT-based solution for the management of information of public investment project preparation and piloting performance contracting for the Cellules PBBS of MINEDUB and MINSANTE and for the MINEPAT / Direction de la 25 BOOST is a Bank-wide collaborative effort launched in 2010 to facilitate access to budget data and promote effective use for improved decision-making processes, transparency and accountability, deployed in about 40 countries so far. It provides user-friendly platforms where all expenditures data can be easily accessed and used by researchers, government officials and citizens.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINSANTE refers to a ministry (Ministry of Public Health) and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a ministry", + "not indicated as a data source", + "does not follow 'uses data from'", + "included in a list of government bodies rather than datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINSANTE' refers to the Ministry of Public Health, which is an organizational entity rather than a dataset. The surrounding text discusses public investment management and specifics about performance contracting for related ministries (like 'MINSANTE' and others). Since 'MINSANTE' is treated as an agency involved in project oversight rather than a source of structured data, it should not be categorized as a dataset. Additionally, the absence of phrases indicating it contains 'data' or is being used directly for statistical analysis is crucial. A model could confuse 'MINSANTE' as a dataset because it is named prominently and appears alongside other entities in the operational context, leading to potential misinterpretation as a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINSANTE is not a dataset, but a ministry involved in public health, which does not serve as a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 25, + "text": "The subcomponent will provide support to enhance the PIB preparation process by ( a ) defining and implementing public investment management, in particular investment project programming, preparation and selection ( policy note / decree / order on a new Project Investment Management ( PIM ) cycle26 and stocktaking of existing investment projects to identify projects to be supported from appraisal to selection or to be cancelled ); ( b ) defining and establishing ICT-based solution for the management of information of public investment project preparation and piloting performance contracting for the Cellules PBBS of MINEDUB and MINSANTE and for the MINEPAT / Direction de la 25 BOOST is a Bank-wide collaborative effort launched in 2010 to facilitate access to budget data and promote effective use for improved decision-making processes, transparency and accountability, deployed in about 40 countries so far. It provides user-friendly platforms where all expenditures data can be easily accessed and used by researchers, government officials and citizens. 26 Strategic guidance, programming, appraisal, project selection in program budgets preparation, implementation, and evaluation and audit.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 656, + 663, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will provide support to enhance the PIB preparation process by ( a ) defining and implementing public investment management, in particular investment project programming, preparation and selection ( policy note / decree / order on a new Project Investment Management ( PIM ) cycle26 and stocktaking of existing investment projects to identify projects to be supported from appraisal to selection or to be cancelled ); ( b ) defining and establishing ICT-based solution for the management of information of public investment project preparation and piloting performance contracting for the Cellules PBBS of MINEDUB and MINSANTE and for the MINEPAT / Direction de la 25 BOOST is a Bank-wide collaborative effort launched in 2010 to facilitate access to budget data and promote effective use for improved decision-making processes, transparency and accountability, deployed in about 40 countries so far. It provides user-friendly platforms where all expenditures data can be easily accessed and used by researchers, government officials and citizens.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEPAT refers to a ministry or organization involved in public investment management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a ministry or organization", + "not described as a data source", + "related to investment management processes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINEPAT is referenced as a ministry involved in public investment management rather than a structured dataset or collection of data. The surrounding text describes various aspects of public investment processes and mentions MINEPAT in a role related to these processes. I noted the absence of phrases that typically indicate a dataset, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on.' Although it may be involved in data management, it is not the direct data source itself. The model could have confused MINEPAT for a dataset due to its capitalization and its involvement in projects that might suggest data storage or management, but key indicators clarify that it is, in fact, a governmental entity rather than a dataset. Thus, by drawing the line, MINEPAT appears more as a facilitator of information rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEPAT is not a dataset in this context because it refers to a ministry focused on public investment management, lacking direct descriptions of it as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 27, + "text": "This component will consist of three subcomponents: \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data by providing TA and financing to ( a ) the design, data collection, and analysis of ECAM 5 with a particular focus on northern regions \u2019 rural areas and gender issues ( agricultural income, shocks, and vulnerability, gender, and so on ); ( b ) data collection and analysis of the fourth population census; 28 ( c ) analysis of the complementary household survey ( ECAM 4 ); ( d ) design a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys; 28 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank financed project in the health sector. In total the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 193, + 199, + "named" + ], + [ + 227, + 243, + "ECAM 5 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 440, + 470, + "ECAM 5 <> data type" + ], + [ + 701, + 711, + "ECAM 5 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 764, + 774, + "ECAM 5 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This component will consist of three subcomponents: \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data by providing TA and financing to ( a ) the design, data collection, and analysis of ECAM 5 with a particular focus on northern regions \u2019 rural areas and gender issues ( agricultural income, shocks, and vulnerability, gender, and so on ); ( b ) data collection and analysis of the fourth population census; 28 ( c ) analysis of the complementary household survey ( ECAM 4 ); ( d ) design a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys; 28 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank financed project in the health sector. In total the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM 5 refers to a survey focused on poverty-related data collection and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a data collection and analysis activity", + "follows \u2018data collection and analysis of\u2019", + "identified as related to poverty-related data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'ECAM 5' appears in a context where it is specifically connected to the design, data collection, and analysis of poverty-related data. This suggests that it is functioning as a concrete dataset or survey that aims to inform about poverty issues. The phrasing 'data collection and analysis of ECAM 5' indicates that it serves as a source of structured records. While it could be inferred that ECAM 5 might represent a system or platform that operates efficiently, the context clearly positions it primarily as the subject of data collection and analysis, which is why I judge it as a dataset here. The potential for confusion arises from its naming; it looks formal and capitalized, which might lead a model to classify it as a project or system rather than a dataset. However, the explicit mention of data collection and analysis mitigates this ambiguity significantly. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ECAM 5 is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly associated with data collection and analysis tasks related to poverty." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 27, + "text": "This component will consist of three subcomponents: \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data by providing TA and financing to ( a ) the design, data collection, and analysis of ECAM 5 with a particular focus on northern regions \u2019 rural areas and gender issues ( agricultural income, shocks, and vulnerability, gender, and so on ); ( b ) data collection and analysis of the fourth population census; 28 ( c ) analysis of the complementary household survey ( ECAM 4 ); ( d ) design a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys; 28 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank financed project in the health sector. In total the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 538, + 541, + "named" + ], + [ + 227, + 243, + "LFS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 701, + 711, + "LFS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 764, + 774, + "LFS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This component will consist of three subcomponents: \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data by providing TA and financing to ( a ) the design, data collection, and analysis of ECAM 5 with a particular focus on northern regions \u2019 rural areas and gender issues ( agricultural income, shocks, and vulnerability, gender, and so on ); ( b ) data collection and analysis of the fourth population census; 28 ( c ) analysis of the complementary household survey ( ECAM 4 ); ( d ) design a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys; 28 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank financed project in the health sector. In total the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LFS refers to a structured collection of data related to labor statistics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of designing a system for labor statistics", + "appears in the context of subcomponents focusing on design and analysis", + "not explicitly described as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'LFS' in this context, it is important to recognize that it is not simply a dataset but rather part of a broader project or system aimed at improving labor statistics. The text indicates that LFS is being improved within the framework of designing a system that encompasses labor statistics and surveys. This suggests that LFS functions as an infrastructure or approach rather than explicitly as a standalone dataset. The phrase 'design a system of labor statistics' emphasizes that LFS is at the heart of a project rather than a source of raw data. The confusion might arise from the capitalized nature of 'LFS' and its proximity to terms related to data collection, leading one to mistakenly categorize it as a dataset. Additionally, the lack of direct attribution or descriptions that classify it as a dataset or a stand-alone data source further supports the notion that it should not be treated as such in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, LFS refers to a system being designed to manage labor statistics and is not presented as a distinct dataset, hence it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Effectiveness and Statiscal Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 25 of 93 and ( e ) design a high-frequency survey to monitor poverty and vulnerability in regions in conflict. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening the national accounts production by ( a ) providing TA to improve the quarterly national accounts methodology, ( b ) establishing a methodology and baseline to better reflect the regional cross-border trade, and ( c ) creating an economic simulation tool for MINEPAT / Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l \u2019 Economie. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 3: Enhancing statistical data dissemination and use by the Government to improve policy making and implementation by ( a ) providing TA and financing to improve archiving procedures and build the capacity of the INS archiving department and setting up the IT network and equipment in the new INS headquarters and the 10 regional agencies to facilitate data treatment, sharing, archiving, and public dissemination; ( b ) providing TA to INS to train and assist targeted ministries in integrating an M & E system in the design and implementation of their strategies and programs and public investment projects; and ( c ) supporting proactive dissemination of statistics to external audience ( academia, media, civil society, business associations, and so on ). Component 5: Project coordination ( US $ 3. 5 million ) 42.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 510, + 517, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\uf0b7 Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening the national accounts production by ( a ) providing TA to improve the quarterly national accounts methodology, ( b ) establishing a methodology and baseline to better reflect the regional cross-border trade, and ( c ) creating an economic simulation tool for MINEPAT / Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l \u2019 Economie. \uf0b7 Subcomponent 4.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEPAT refers to a governmental organization involved in economic planning and development, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a governmental organization", + "not described as containing data", + "referenced alongside actions related to economic planning", + "not indicated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'MINEPAT' is clearly identified as a governmental entity, specifically the Direction G\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019 Economie, which implies a focus on economic planning and governance rather than data collection or management. The context revolves around activities aimed at strengthening national accounts production, which hints at organizational efforts rather than structured data sources or datasets. There is no explicit indication that 'MINEPAT' serves as a database or system storing data, as it is not described as containing records, statistics, or indicators. Rather, it is framed in terms of facilitating economic methodologies and tools. The mention of 'MINEPAT' could lead a model to confuse it as a dataset for several reasons: it follows structured phrases in the document that might imply a data source, it is capitalized making it look like a proper name, and its involvement in economic data functions may create an assumption of it being a provider of such data. However, upon deeper examination, the lack of direct reference to it as a source of structured records clarifies that it should be interpreted as an organizational entity rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEPAT' is identified as a governmental organization involved in economic planning, not a dataset, as there are no references to it being a structured data collection source." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 31, + "text": "initial BOOST database Subcomponent 2. 2 includes activities aiming to support the regular update of the BOOST database and the online dissemination of the budget execution report Rapid Result Initiative in the procurement system / value chain analysis in the procurement system Performance contracts activities under Component 3 will be implemented based on the preliminary lessons learned from the RRI approach and value chain analysis Feasibility study of the Purchasing Central Unit Subcomponent 3. 3 includes support to the implementation of the Purchasing Central Unit once the final decision will be made by GoC III. IMPLEMENTATION Classic TA \u2022 Defining new processes \u2022 Improving process chains \u2022 Building technical capacities Behavior Change \u2022 Addressing the incentives issue through performance contracts \u2022 Fostering team work and result - oriented action through rapid results coaching Agile Project Management \u2022 Short frequent action-oriented meetings at three levels of management to identify obstacles \u2022 PCU incentivized \u2022 Pool of rapid results coaches Addressing technical challenges Addressing adaptive challenges ( non-technical )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 8, + 22, + "named" + ], + [ + 128, + 179, + "BOOST database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "initial BOOST database Subcomponent 2. 2 includes activities aiming to support the regular update of the BOOST database and the online dissemination of the budget execution report Rapid Result Initiative in the procurement system / value chain analysis in the procurement system Performance contracts activities under Component 3 will be implemented based on the preliminary lessons learned from the RRI approach and value chain analysis Feasibility study of the Purchasing Central Unit Subcomponent 3.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The BOOST database is described as a structured collection of data used for budget execution reporting, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component of broader activities", + "described in a non-specific way, detailing actions rather than data use", + "no explicit tie to its role as a data source in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'BOOST database' appears to reference a system designed for updates about budget execution reports. While it uses the word 'database,' which could imply it holds data and might be considered a dataset, this mention lacks a direct association with data analysis or empirical findings. Instead, it focuses on activities aiming to support its update and dissemination processes, making it feel more like an infrastructure tool within a project rather than an independent dataset. The absence of clarity on it being explicitly used for specific analysis contributes to the confusion regarding its status as a dataset. An extraction model might conclude it's a dataset due to its formal naming and the surrounding phrases, but that would misinterpret its primary use as a system or project component rather than a direct data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'BOOST database' does not qualify as a dataset in this context since it is primarily referenced as a system supporting updates and dissemination, rather than as a direct source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 31, + "text": "initial BOOST database Subcomponent 2. 2 includes activities aiming to support the regular update of the BOOST database and the online dissemination of the budget execution report Rapid Result Initiative in the procurement system / value chain analysis in the procurement system Performance contracts activities under Component 3 will be implemented based on the preliminary lessons learned from the RRI approach and value chain analysis Feasibility study of the Purchasing Central Unit Subcomponent 3. 3 includes support to the implementation of the Purchasing Central Unit once the final decision will be made by GoC III. IMPLEMENTATION Classic TA \u2022 Defining new processes \u2022 Improving process chains \u2022 Building technical capacities Behavior Change \u2022 Addressing the incentives issue through performance contracts \u2022 Fostering team work and result - oriented action through rapid results coaching Agile Project Management \u2022 Short frequent action-oriented meetings at three levels of management to identify obstacles \u2022 PCU incentivized \u2022 Pool of rapid results coaches Addressing technical challenges Addressing adaptive challenges ( non-technical )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 105, + 119, + "named" + ], + [ + 128, + 179, + "BOOST database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "initial BOOST database Subcomponent 2. 2 includes activities aiming to support the regular update of the BOOST database and the online dissemination of the budget execution report Rapid Result Initiative in the procurement system / value chain analysis in the procurement system Performance contracts activities under Component 3 will be implemented based on the preliminary lessons learned from the RRI approach and value chain analysis Feasibility study of the Purchasing Central Unit Subcomponent 3. 3 includes support to the implementation of the Purchasing Central Unit once the final decision will be made by GoC III.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The BOOST database is described as a structured collection of data used for budget execution reporting, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a database", + "described as a component of a larger system", + "no explicit mention of containing structured records or data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'BOOST database' appears to be referenced primarily as a component of a project related to budget execution rather than as a standalone dataset. The term is not explicitly described as containing structured records or used for analysis in a manner typical of what would be classified as a dataset. The focus on its role in supporting project activities and the lack of this specified purpose led me to consider it more as a system or tool. This contrasts with other mentions that might clearly indicate a primary source of data used for analysis. The confusion may arise from the naming convention of 'BOOST database,' as it sounds like a concrete dataset; however, without evidence that it serves primarily to provide data for analysis, I concluded it does not fit the strict definition of a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'BOOST database' in this context is treated as a component of a project system rather than a standalone dataset, thus it does not meet criteria to classify it as such." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 36, + "text": "The FM assessment in line with the World Bank \u2019 s OP / BP 10. 00 noted that in compliance with the current use of the country national system in Cameroon, the project FM arrangement is foreseen to rely on the existing country FM arrangements put in place to manage donor-funded projects. These arrangements are centered on two main institutions. First, the Autonomous Sinking Funds ( Caisse Autonome d \u2019 Amortissement, CAA ) equipped with dedicated tools developed by the World Bank Institutional Development Fund ( IDF ). These tools include ( a ) a standardized FM Manual and ( b ) an integrated FM system for donor-funded projects ( namely, Syst\u00e8me Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 de Gestion des D\u00e9caissements [ SIGED ] ), which includes modules on ( a ) project cycle, ( b ) budgeting and accounting, ( c ) automated payments, and ( d ) electronic archive. Second, MINMAP, in charge of ex ante control of all suppliers \u2019 invoices associated with a contract before any payment by CAA. 33 annex 7 provides detailed information on donors \u2019 intervention in the PFM reform agenda", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 845, + 851, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These tools include ( a ) a standardized FM Manual and ( b ) an integrated FM system for donor-funded projects ( namely, Syst\u00e8me Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 de Gestion des D\u00e9caissements [ SIGED ] ), which includes modules on ( a ) project cycle, ( b ) budgeting and accounting, ( c ) automated payments, and ( d ) electronic archive. Second, MINMAP, in charge of ex ante control of all suppliers \u2019 invoices associated with a contract before any payment by CAA. 33 annex 7 provides detailed information on donors \u2019 intervention in the PFM reform agenda", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINMAP refers to an organization responsible for controlling supplier invoices, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as responsible for ex ante control of invoices", + "not described as a dataset or collection of records", + "follows 'integrated FM system' without indication of it being a data source", + "implies a project management role rather than a data storage function" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MINMAP' is positioned in the context of a description of systems and tools used for managing finances within donor-funded projects. It is explicitly mentioned as being 'in charge of ex ante control of all suppliers' invoices' which indicates it operates more as a regulatory or monitoring framework rather than a concrete dataset. Although it might handle data regarding invoices, the way it's presented here doesn't imply it is a structured collection of data meant for analysis or research. The phrase 'in charge of' further suggests its role as a project management or oversight mechanism without clearer indication of it functioning as a data repository. The model may have been confused because 'MINMAP' appears after a list of tools that manage data; however, unlike the other systems mentioned, it lacks descriptions implementing it as a dataset specifically intended for analytical use. Therefore, it's categorized as not being a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINMAP operates as a project management and oversight entity rather than serving as a dataset. It controls invoice processes but isn't described as a source of structured data, which is why it isn't treated as a dataset in this case." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 40 of 93 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection on the new budget classification ) revised Description: Component 1. 1. This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 351, + 359, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINSANTE refers to a ministry (Ministry of Public Health) and is not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a ministry rather than a data source", + "context involves multiple projects and systems being named", + "does not follow phrases indicating data usage", + "mentioned alongside other entities, but shows no attributes of a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'MINSANTE' refers specifically to the Ministry of Public Health, indicated by the prompt 'This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE'. There are no phrases such as 'uses data from' or 'based on' that would typically indicate it is being used as a data source. The context lists various projects and descriptive terms around program budgets, but does not state that MINSANTE itself is a dataset or a source of structured data. The potential confusion in model extraction might stem from the appearance of MINSANTE in a list format alongside other entities, which could have led the model to interpret it as a data provider rather than as a ministry without explicit data attributes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINSANTE is not treated as a dataset in this context because it specifically denotes a ministry and does not provide structured data or resemble a data source in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 40 of 93 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection on the new budget classification ) revised Description: Component 1. 1. This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 364, + 371, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEDUB refers to a ministry (Ministry of Secondary Education) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a program's budget", + "identified alongside other entities rather than specific datasets", + "does not follow phrases indicating use of a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'MINEDUB' refers to a ministry, specifically the Ministry of Secondary Education. The context does not frame MINEDUB as a dataset but rather as an entity involved in program budgets. There\u2019s a lack of phrases indicating that this is a data source, such as 'uses data from' or 'according to,' which often signal a clear delineation of datasets. The mention of 'program-budgets' surrounding MINEDUB further reinforces the idea that it's tied to budgetary contexts rather than serving as a structured collection of data. A model might have been confused here due to the capitalization making it look like a proper name or structured database, especially since it is listed alongside other formal entities that might commonly be mistaken as datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEDUB does not function as a dataset in this context, as it refers to a ministry involved in budgetary processes rather than a specific structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 43, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 40 of 93 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection on the new budget classification ) revised Description: Component 1. 1. This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1044, + 1058, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "BOOST database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1001, + 1027, + "BOOST database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This concerns the program-budgets from MINSANTE and MINEDUB, which will be revised with TA from the project. Name: Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria Yes / No N Y Once MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and 4 IRI Name: Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter Yes / No N Y Quarterly MINEPAT MINEPAT Description: Component 2 and Citizen Engagement IRI Comprehensive means: project name, budget, technical specifications, localization, responsible, physical execution, financial execution, quarterly CLS reports Name: Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 Yes / No N Y Annual MINFI MINEPAT", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The BOOST database is described as a comprehensive online database that includes budget and spending information, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database that contains budget and spending data", + "mentioned in relation to the publication of annual budget and spending", + "noted for its online accessibility and structured data attributes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'BOOST database' seems to function as a formal collection of records that aligns with structured datasets. It is categorized as an online resource specifically designed to provide information about budget and spending, which suggests that it is being treated as a dataset rather than just a tool or platform. The context surrounding its mention reinforces this interpretation, as it discusses how it publishes data and its structured nature. Though it could be seen as a system or project due to its name and the usage of 'database', the accompanying details about its function, the type of information it contains, and the intention for data analysis make it clear that it serves as a dataset for the purposes of this document. The model might have initially regarded it as a project or tool due to its name's implications and the typical naming patterns of management information systems, which often include 'database' but are sometimes seen as infrastructure rather than data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The BOOST database is treated as a dataset in this context because it is specifically described as providing structured data on budgets and expenditures, making it a primary source for data analysis rather than simply a project or an information system." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 44, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 41 of 93 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Component 1 and Citizen Engagement IRI Name: Procurement staff trained with demonstrated competency in procurement Percentage 0. 00 70. 00 Annual MINMAP MINMAP Description: Component and Gender IRI Demonstrated competency will be evidenced by test at the end of the trainings delivered to measure learning achievements Name: ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys Yes / No N Y Once INS MINEPAT Description: Component 4 major IRI Name: Interval between two Population Census reduced Years 17. 00 12. 00 Once INS MINEPAT Description: Component 4 major IRI Name: Regions for which cross border trade statistics are produced and taken into Number 0. 00 4. 00 Annual INS MINEPAT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 578, + 591, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ECAM 5 survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 70. 00 Annual MINMAP MINMAP Description: Component and Gender IRI Demonstrated competency will be evidenced by test at the end of the trainings delivered to measure learning achievements Name: ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys Yes / No N Y Once INS MINEPAT Description: Component 4 major IRI Name: Interval between two Population Census reduced Years 17. 00 12.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ECAM 5 survey is a structured collection of data used for research or analysis, specifically related to poverty and aligned with international standards.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a methodology, not explicitly as a dataset; follows description of competency and training but doesn't indicate data source usage; appears in a list with other components without clear dataset context", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'ECAM 5 survey' is not presented as a dataset. It refers to a revised methodology that is aligned with international standards related to poverty surveys. The phrase highlights its purpose in assessing competencies and evaluation rather than defining it as a concrete dataset containing structured records. While the term might suggest it is a data-backed initiative, the lack of specific indications that it serves as a primary data source means it should be seen more as an operational methodology than an observable dataset. This might confuse models that interpret such terms based on naming conventions; 'ECAM 5' could appear to be a formal title of a dataset, especially since it is capitalized and seems specific. Yet, without clear context indicating its usage as a data source, it does not fit the criteria for being treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The ECAM 5 survey is referenced more as a methodology aligned with standards for poverty assessment, rather than as a concrete dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 45 of 93 Intermediate Results Indicators FY Indicator Name Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 End Target Number of program budget and associated result indicators redesigned ( based on the new budget classification ) revised 0. 00 0. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter N N N Y Y Y Y Y Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Procurement staff trained with demonstrated competency in procurement 0. 00 0. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Interval between two Population Census reduced 17. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 693, + 707, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "BOOST database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 6. 00 Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter N N N Y Y Y Y Y Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Procurement staff trained with demonstrated competency in procurement 0. 00 0.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The BOOST database is described as a comprehensive budgeted investment projects database that is available online and updated regularly, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a comprehensive budgeted investment projects database", + "available online and updated quarterly", + "follows \u2018publication of annual budget and spending\u2019" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'BOOST database' suggests it functions as a repository for data relevant to public investment projects. It's referred to in connection with the publication of annual budgets and spending, which indicates it is being treated as a source of data rather than merely as a system or project. The language used positions 'BOOST database' in a manner that highlights its role in holding structured records, aligning it with the characteristics of a dataset. The previous judgment categorizing it as a dataset rests on these contextual cues, primarily its described functionality as an accessible database that stores relevant financial records. While it could be interpreted as a project or platform, the explicit description of it as a database and its mention alongside the context of data publication supports its classification as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'BOOST database' is appropriately classified as a dataset because it is described as a structured database that is utilized for reporting financial data, signifying its role as a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 45 of 93 Intermediate Results Indicators FY Indicator Name Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 End Target Number of program budget and associated result indicators redesigned ( based on the new budget classification ) revised 0. 00 0. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter N N N Y Y Y Y Y Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Procurement staff trained with demonstrated competency in procurement 0. 00 0. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Interval between two Population Census reduced 17. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 862, + 875, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ECAM 5 survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 70. 00 ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Interval between two Population Census reduced 17. 00 12.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ECAM 5 survey is a structured collection of data used for research or analysis, specifically related to poverty surveys.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described methodology aligns with international standards on Poverty surveys", + "utilizes structured collection of data", + "resembles a formal survey used in research contexts" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this text, 'ECAM 5 survey' appears to refer to a structured methodology for collecting data related to poverty. The mention of alignment with international standards suggests that it serves as a formalized data-gathering process, which usually indicates a systematic approach to data collection. The term does not seem to indicate an infrastructure or tool in the same way a management information system would; instead, it implies that this survey is well-defined and utilized for statistical analysis. The model might have been confused due to the nature of the term potentially resembling a project name, but the context surrounding its use suggests a comprehensive data collection approach rather than just a project or system", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ECAM 5 survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it defines a structured data-gathering methodology focused on poverty and is aligned with recognized standards, indicating its use as a formal tool for research." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 48, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 45 of 93 Intermediate Results Indicators FY Indicator Name Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 End Target Number of program budget and associated result indicators redesigned ( based on the new budget classification ) revised 0. 00 0. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 6. 00 Validation of Public Investment Selection Manual that include Poverty in selection criteria N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Comprehensive budgeted Investment Projects database available online and updated quarterly within 4 weeks after the end of each quarter N N N Y Y Y Y Y Publication of annual budget and spending through on-line BOOST database by January 30 N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Procurement staff trained with demonstrated competency in procurement 0. 00 0. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 70. 00 ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Interval between two Population Census reduced 17. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00 12. 00", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 996, + 1013, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Population Census <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 70. 00 ECAM 5 survey revised methodology is aligned with new international standards on Poverty surveys N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Interval between two Population Census reduced 17. 00 12.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Population Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of demographic data", + "implies a regular and systematic process for data collection", + "referred to in a context that discusses methodology aligning with surveys" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Population Census' appears to refer to the actual structured data collection effort that yield demographic data. The use of the phrase 'Interval between two Population Census reduced' implies a systematic approach to conducting these surveys, with the population census being an established method of gathering a wide array of demographic data. This suggests that the term does indeed refer to a dataset, specifically one that is integral to demographic and social research, as it captures a wide range of structured records. The previous judgment aligns with this interpretation because the Population Census is usually defined in the context of data collection, not merely as a project name or information system. However, the potentially confusing aspect could stem from the fact that population censuses can be associated with large-scale projects or even management systems that handle the data; yet, in this specific context, it is clear that it refers to the actual census data itself rather than just the project or system overarching it. Overall, despite its association with structured management and methodologies, 'Population Census' is firmly situated within the realm of a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Population Census' represents an actual dataset that collects demographic data, not just a project or system, which justifies classifying it as such in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 57, + "text": "This subcomponent will include ( a ) defining indicators to monitor the efficiency, effectiveness, and value for money obtained through public procurement spending and a mechanism for collecting the required data from MINMAP and one or two pilot ministries; ( b ) establishing a performance baseline and creating an annual review process to determine changes in performance; ( c ) introducing performance management, including, but not limited to, professional awards, performance contracts, and incentives for staff involved in procurement processes, and staff in one or more pilot agencies; and ( d ) introducing, where appropriate, mechanisms to enhance oversight and monitoring of procurement, including the participation of communities and nongovernmental bodies, to enhance performance. Component 4. Enhancing the use of statistics for policy making 38. The end goal of any statistical system is to produce high-quality data to inform policies and make them publicly available. Achieving this goal requires an investment not only in the production of micro-data ( censuses and surveys ) and routine statistics ( prices, national account, external trade, and so on ) but also in data processing, analyzing, archiving, and dissemination.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 218, + 224, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This subcomponent will include ( a ) defining indicators to monitor the efficiency, effectiveness, and value for money obtained through public procurement spending and a mechanism for collecting the required data from MINMAP and one or two pilot ministries; ( b ) establishing a performance baseline and creating an annual review process to determine changes in performance; ( c ) introducing performance management, including, but not limited to, professional awards, performance contracts, and incentives for staff involved in procurement processes, and staff in one or more pilot agencies; and ( d ) introducing, where appropriate, mechanisms to enhance oversight and monitoring of procurement, including the participation of communities and nongovernmental bodies, to enhance performance. Component 4.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "MINMAP refers to a program related to public procurement and performance management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a mechanism for collecting data", + "not described as a dataset", + "shown in a list of components rather than data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MINMAP' refers to a mechanism for collecting data, indicating that it is part of a larger system related to public procurement and performance management. It is not presented in a way that suggests it is a structured collection of data. While it is indeed capitalized and appears significant, it does not take on the characteristics of a dataset but rather of an operational initiative or project that helps gather and monitor data rather than being the primary source of that data. The language used does not align perfectly with how datasets are typically referenced, such as through explicit phrases like 'uses data from.' The extraction model may have confused 'MINMAP' for a dataset due to its capitalization, proper noun format, and its presence in a structured context that suggests data handling, but these hints are more reflective of its role as a system or project rather than an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINMAP is not a dataset in this context; it serves as a mechanism or project to facilitate data collection rather than being a structured collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 55 of 93 time. The last survey has introduced the use of tablets, accelerating data processing and the publication of the main results. However, the time span between two surveys has been too long, for example, seven years between the two last surveys ( while the national plan was to conduct a survey every five years ), making it difficult to monitor poverty. Moreover, the ECAMs have not fully taken into account some important dimensions of well-being ( rural income, shocks, social programs, and so on ). In addition, a big amount of work has been done at the international level during the last two years to improve the household survey methodology, and it is important for INS to align with the more recent international standards ( for example, gender sensitivity ). The project will provide TA on the design of the new survey, particularly the questionnaires. Special attention will be given to include in the questionnaires relevant modules for regions with a high level of poverty. The project will also contribute to financing the survey. Considering the methodological change, the sample will be designed to include an experiment to continue to get comparability with the old poverty indicators. TA will be provided on data analysis. 41.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 480, + 485, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ECAMs <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, the time span between two surveys has been too long, for example, seven years between the two last surveys ( while the national plan was to conduct a survey every five years ), making it difficult to monitor poverty. Moreover, the ECAMs have not fully taken into account some important dimensions of well-being ( rural income, shocks, social programs, and so on ). In addition, a big amount of work has been done at the international level during the last two years to improve the household survey methodology, and it is important for INS to align with the more recent international standards ( for example, gender sensitivity ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAMs refers to a series of household surveys aimed at assessing well-being and poverty, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as surveys assessing well-being and poverty", + "aligned with international standards for survey methodology" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAMs' refers to a series of household surveys intended to assess various social indicators, which directly places it within the context of data collection aimed at monitoring poverty and well-being. Although the term 'ECAMs' could potentially represent a project or system related to survey methodologies, the context heavily emphasizes its role in data collection and analysis around social issues. Phrases like 'the ECAMs have not fully taken into account' indicate this is a structured series of data collections rather than merely a project or system. The confusion that a model might experience arises from the acronym's presentation, which looks formal and could easily be associated with a project name or information system. However, given that they are explicitly mentioned in relation to survey results and data collection, it supports the classification of ECAMs as a dataset. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, ECAMs behaves as a dataset because it refers to structured surveys aimed at collecting data on poverty and well-being, indicating its function as a source of quantitative information." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 55 of 93 time. The last survey has introduced the use of tablets, accelerating data processing and the publication of the main results. However, the time span between two surveys has been too long, for example, seven years between the two last surveys ( while the national plan was to conduct a survey every five years ), making it difficult to monitor poverty. Moreover, the ECAMs have not fully taken into account some important dimensions of well-being ( rural income, shocks, social programs, and so on ). In addition, a big amount of work has been done at the international level during the last two years to improve the household survey methodology, and it is important for INS to align with the more recent international standards ( for example, gender sensitivity ). The project will provide TA on the design of the new survey, particularly the questionnaires. Special attention will be given to include in the questionnaires relevant modules for regions with a high level of poverty. The project will also contribute to financing the survey. Considering the methodological change, the sample will be designed to include an experiment to continue to get comparability with the old poverty indicators. TA will be provided on data analysis. 41.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 784, + 787, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Moreover, the ECAMs have not fully taken into account some important dimensions of well-being ( rural income, shocks, social programs, and so on ). In addition, a big amount of work has been done at the international level during the last two years to improve the household survey methodology, and it is important for INS to align with the more recent international standards ( for example, gender sensitivity ). The project will provide TA on the design of the new survey, particularly the questionnaires.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "INS refers to an organization involved in the survey process, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as an organization, not as a data source", + "no reference to storing or using data from INS", + "context indicates involvement in survey design rather than data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'INS' refers to an organization likely responsible for implementing or overseeing household surveys, rather than representing a specific dataset that contains structured data. The mention of aligning with international standards and providing technical assistance on survey design indicates that INS plays a role in the methodology or planning of surveys, not in storing or providing data derived from such surveys. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of 'INS', which looks like a proper noun or an acronym, prompting it to associate it similarly to other databases or datasets. However, without explicit mention of data usage, records, or structured information being drawn from INS, it must be categorized as an organization rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'INS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it specifically refers to an organization involved in survey methodologies rather than a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "The population census is the most important data collection activity in developing countries for at least two reasons. First, it provides spatial distribution of the population that cannot be obtained with demographic projections. Second, the cartography of the census provides the sampling framework of all other statistical operations ( household surveys, agricultural censuses, enterprise censuses, and so on ). In addition, population census data are used to construct poverty maps, a powerful tool for targeting social programs. Since the census is planned for 2017, the project will contribute to the analysis phase of the population census. 42. The subcomponent will support poverty analysis. As stated, INS conducted its fourth living conditions survey in 2014 ( ECAM 4 ) and a complementary survey financed by the Government early 2017; the first results are expected by end of 2017. The objective of the complementary survey is to update the Cameroon poverty map, probably at the commune level. The survey collects some data at the household level as well as at the community level. Information is also collected on school and health facilities. 43. Finally, the LFS methodology needs to be upgraded and updated, and data collection frequency improved to be relevant for policy making. 44.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 771, + 777, + "named" + ], + [ + 764, + 768, + "ECAM 4 <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The subcomponent will support poverty analysis. As stated, INS conducted its fourth living conditions survey in 2014 ( ECAM 4 ) and a complementary survey financed by the Government early 2017; the first results are expected by end of 2017. The objective of the complementary survey is to update the Cameroon poverty map, probably at the commune level.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM 4 refers to the fourth living conditions survey conducted by INS, which is a structured collection of data used for analysis of living conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated with surveys", + "described as a living conditions survey", + "implied as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'ECAM 4' clearly refers to the fourth living conditions survey, which by definition is a structured collection of data concerning living conditions in Cameroon. The phrase 'INS conducted its fourth living conditions survey' provides a clear indication that this is not merely a project or system, but an actual data-gathering effort that will yield specific empirical results to support poverty analysis. Despite being a project under the auspices of INS, the context emphasizes its role in data collection and analysis, which aligns it more with a dataset than a mere project name. The potential confusion could arise from the nomenclature that resembles a project name; however, the explicit mention of it as a survey and its role in data analysis clarifies its status as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ECAM 4' is treated as a dataset mention because it refers to a specific survey designed to collect data on living conditions, emphasizing its purpose as a structured data source for analysis rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty. The project will also provide TA to INS to train and assist targeted ministries in integrating national statistics in the definition of sector strategies, programs, and public investment projects. 37 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank - financed project in the health sector. In total, the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 157, + 163, + "named" + ], + [ + 176, + 180, + "ECAM 5 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 184, + 188, + "ECAM 5 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 851, + 861, + "ECAM 5 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 917, + 927, + "ECAM 5 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1022, + 1040, + "ECAM 5 <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM 5 refers to a planned survey for data collection, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a planned survey, not an existing dataset", + "mentioned in the context of proposed activities rather than data usage", + "mentioned as a project (methodology support) rather than as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'ECAM 5' is associated with proposed activities related to data collection and methodology improvements rather than referring to a completed dataset or actual data source. The mention indicates a planned survey, which may still be in development or aimed for the future, suggesting that it is more of a project name rather than an established dataset. The context supports the idea that it is being treated as part of an ongoing initiative rather than as a concrete instance of data. The model might have been confused by the structured phrase that hints at data collection, possibly interpreting it as 'data from ECAM 5' when in reality it remains ultimately undetermined or merely anticipated data processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM 5' is better categorized as a planned survey project rather than a concrete dataset, as it refers to methodologies and proposed activities rather than existing and utilized data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty. The project will also provide TA to INS to train and assist targeted ministries in integrating national statistics in the definition of sector strategies, programs, and public investment projects. 37 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank - financed project in the health sector. In total, the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 306, + 312, + "named" + ], + [ + 240, + 244, + "ECAM 4 <> reference year" + ], + [ + 255, + 270, + "ECAM 4 <> data description" + ], + [ + 851, + 861, + "ECAM 4 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 917, + 927, + "ECAM 4 <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM 4 refers to a survey related to poverty mapping and data collection, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described in connection with ongoing activities, indicating infrastructure", + "defined alongside methodology and data collection improvements, not as explicit data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM 4' appears to be mentioned more as a component of a project rather than as a distinct dataset. The phrase \u2018ongoing complementary ECAM 4\u2019 suggests that it forms part of a broader framework for poverty mapping activities and improvements rather than serving as a standalone collection of data. The term is also not explicitly positioned as providing data; it is framed in relation to the methodology and tasks at hand. The model might have confused 'ECAM 4' as a dataset because it is referenced in the context of conducting data collection and analysis, yet the surrounding sentences indicate that it is tied to project-related activities. The ambiguity lies in the phrasing that suggests data collection processes but does not assert ECAM 4 as a dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this passage, 'ECAM 4' functions more as a project or component of a larger work rather than a standalone dataset, hence it is classified as not being a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 58, + "text": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty. The project will also provide TA to INS to train and assist targeted ministries in integrating national statistics in the definition of sector strategies, programs, and public investment projects. 37 This activity budgeted for US $ 1 million will complement the resources ( US $ 4 million ) provided by another World Bank - financed project in the health sector. In total, the World Bank contribution in the financing of the population will amount to US $ 5 million.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 380, + 383, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Proposed activities: Four main activities will be undertaken under this subcomponent: ( a ) improvement of the methodology and support to data collection of ECAM 5 planned for 2018 or 2019; ( b ) analysis of the fourth population census in 2017; 37 ( c ) poverty mapping owing to the ongoing complementary ECAM 4; and ( d ) the design of a system of labor statistics by improving LFS and enterprises and informal sector surveys. The project will finance trainings on poverty mapping and workshops to produce regional monography of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LFS refers to the Labor Force Survey, which is a type of survey rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a component of a system for labor statistics", + "described as being improved, suggesting it's a project or methodology", + "does not explicitly state that it is a dataset or used as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'LFS' stands for Labor Force Survey, which is a methodology used for gathering data rather than a concrete, standalone dataset itself. The language implies that there is an ongoing effort to enhance the survey as part of overall labor statistics systems, rather than treating LFS as a source of structured records accessible for analysis. The model likely assumed 'LFS' was a dataset because it fits into technical naming conventions, capitalized like proper nouns, and is positioned within a list of activities, which may imply data relevance. However, given the context, 'LFS' does not serve as a primary source of data in this case but rather as a type of survey being managed and improved. This can lead to confusion with typical dataset definitions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LFS' is more accurately described as a method or component of an information system for labor statistics, rather than a dataset itself, because it is being referenced within the framework of improving survey methodologies." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 73, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 70 of 93 Monitoring and Evaluation 37. The project \u2019 s M & E framework relies on the \u2018 Guide On Operational-Level Public Financial Management Reform Indicator \u2019. The M & E framework will be a key instrument to monitor progress toward achieving the PDOs and providing reports on performance including potential bottlenecks as they arise. The M & E framework presented in the result framework captures the high - and medium-level results that are expected to be achieved. MINEPAT will be in charge of assessing and reviewing the projects \u2019 result indicators data. A midterm review ( 2019 ) will be carried out to ensure the project is on track and will recommend any needed actions or adaptations to address challenges and improve implementation toward achievement of the PDO. During implementation, the team will revisit the currently agreed indicators to make adjustments as required in consultation with the Government and other partners. Role of Partners ( if applicable ) 38. Annex 7 provides detailed information on donors \u2019 intervention in the PFM reform agenda.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 574, + 581, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The M & E framework presented in the result framework captures the high - and medium-level results that are expected to be achieved. MINEPAT will be in charge of assessing and reviewing the projects \u2019 result indicators data. A midterm review ( 2019 ) will be carried out to ensure the project is on track and will recommend any needed actions or adaptations to address challenges and improve implementation toward achievement of the PDO.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEPAT refers to an organization involved in assessing and reviewing project indicators, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an organization responsible for project assessment", + "does not refer to a specific data source", + "no indication that it is a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINEPAT is identified as an organization tasked with reviewing project data rather than a concrete dataset itself. The text explicitly refers to MINEPAT in its role relating to project indicators, which suggests it functions as an overseeing or management entity rather than as a structured collection of data records. The phrase 'will be in charge of assessing and reviewing' indicates a supervisory role rather than indicating that MINEPAT contains or represents the data itself. A potential area of confusion could arise because MINEPAT is capitalized and framed in a context that discusses data-related tasks, which might imply a closer association with a dataset. However, since there are no signals suggesting it is a data source or direct repository, it is classified as not a dataset. The model may have misidentified it due to the formal language and its involvement in data review processes, leading to an assumption that it has a dataset-like quality.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEPAT is not a dataset; it refers to an organization responsible for the assessment of project indicators rather than representing a concrete dataset containing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 75, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 72 of 93 Table 3. 1. Implementation Support Strategy Time Focus Skills Needed Resource Estimate ( Staff Weeks / Year ) First 12 months Team leadership Management, supervision, coordination Task Team Leaders 12 Technical PFM Specialist, Change Management Specialist, ICT specialist, SOE management, civil service, statistics Component Subject Experts 12 Procurement Procurement experience, World Bank procurement norms knowledge, training Procurement Specialists 4 FM FM experience, knowledge of World Bank FM norms, training FM Specialists 6 12 \u2013 48 months Team leadership Project management, supervision, coordination Task Team Leaders 12 Technical PFM Specialist, Change Management Specialist, ICT Specialist, SOE management, Civil Service, Statistics Component Subject Experts 10 Procurement Procurement reviews and supervision, training as needed Procurement Specialists 4 FM FM reviews and supervision, training, and monitoring FM Specialists Table 3. 2. Skills for Implementation Support Skills Needed Number of Staff Weeks / Year Number of Trips / Year Comments Sr. Financial Management Specialist ( Task Team Leader ) 6 \u2014 Rabat based Governance Specialist ( Task Team Leader ) 6 4 HQ based Senior Economist / Statistician 3 2 HQ based IFMIS Specialist 2 2 Dakar based Change Management Specialist 4 2 HQ based Public Sector Specialist 2 1 HQ based SOE Management Specialist 2 1 HQ based Sr.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1347, + 1352, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Skills for Implementation Support Skills Needed Number of Staff Weeks / Year Number of Trips / Year Comments Sr. Financial Management Specialist ( Task Team Leader ) 6 \u2014 Rabat based Governance Specialist ( Task Team Leader ) 6 4 HQ based Senior Economist / Statistician 3 2 HQ based IFMIS Specialist 2 2 Dakar based Change Management Specialist 4 2 HQ based Public Sector Specialist 2 1 HQ based SOE Management Specialist 2 1 HQ based Sr.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a concept or tool rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a specialist role", + "followed by a task team leader designation", + "not described as a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMIS' is referred to as part of the responsibilities or roles listed for staff members rather than as a data source. The structure of the text indicates that IFMIS is associated with a job title (e.g., 'IFMIS Specialist'), which implies expertise in managing or utilizing the system rather than outputting or analyzing structured data from it. The confusion might arise because 'IFMIS' is capitalized and recognized as a management information system, which could lead an extraction model to misinterpret its usage in a sentence as a dataset mention. However, since it is describing a role in the context of personnel, it serves more as a tool or concept for financial management rather than an identifiable dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'IFMIS' does not function as a dataset because it relates to a specialist role rather than a specific data source or collection." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 82, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 79 of 93 \uf0b7 Increased share of competitive procurement methods \uf0b7 Increase value for money for public contract \uf0b7 Operationalization of MOOC Subcomponent 3. 2: Enhancing the capacity of organizations in the procurement system to carry out their functions \uf0b7 Clarified procurement rules, guidelines, and procedures \uf0b7 Setting an e-tracking system for the procurement chain 0. 5m Subcomponent 3. 3: Streamlining the procurement regulatory framework \uf0b7 Revised procurement code and related instruments 0. 7m Subcomponent 3. 4: Improving the management and monitoring of procurement performance: \uf0b7 Piloting individual performance contract approach in the procurement system \uf0b7 RRI to support procurement process performance in the pilot 3. 3m Improved decision - making process based on reliable statistical data Component 4: Enhancing the use of statistics for policy making \uf0b7 Timely production of reliable statistical data \uf0b7 Statistics widely disseminated Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data \uf0b7 Production of a series of Poverty Notes ( based on ECAM 4 and high - frequency surveys ) \uf0b7 Production of ECAM 5 \uf0b7 Analysis of the population census \uf0b7 Production of the LFS 5. 4m Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening the national accounts production \uf0b7 Quarterly production of improved national accounts ( including revised methodology for cross-border trade statistics ) \uf0b7 Creation of an economic simulation tool for MINEPAT simulation 2", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1159, + 1165, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "ECAM 4 <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1238, + 1255, + "ECAM 4 <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3m Improved decision - making process based on reliable statistical data Component 4: Enhancing the use of statistics for policy making \uf0b7 Timely production of reliable statistical data \uf0b7 Statistics widely disseminated Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data \uf0b7 Production of a series of Poverty Notes ( based on ECAM 4 and high - frequency surveys ) \uf0b7 Production of ECAM 5 \uf0b7 Analysis of the population census \uf0b7 Production of the LFS 5. 4m Subcomponent 4.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECAM 4 refers to a specific survey related to poverty data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "enumerated alongside other data production processes", + "described in context as it relates to poverty-related data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECAM 4' appears directly after 'based on', which signals that it is utilized as a source of data for the subsequent analysis. It is mentioned alongside the production of Poverty Notes, which indicates that it is indeed a structured collection of data focused on poverty statistics. Since 'ECAM 4' is explicitly tied to the production of statistical outputs and is not merely referenced as a project or system without an associated data-producing function, it fulfills the criteria for being considered a dataset here. The previous model judgment likely focused on the structured nature and specific mention of ECAM 4 in relation to data production, which further supports its identification as a dataset. Confusion might arise due to the term's project-like name; however, in this context, it\u2019s validated by its function in the statistical data production process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ECAM 4' is indeed treated as a dataset in this context because it is referenced as a key source of poverty-related statistical data, follows a phrase indicating its use in analysis, and is listed alongside other outputs relating to statistical data production." + }, + { + "filename": "096_CAMEROON-PAD2-11012017", + "page": 82, + "text": "The World Bank Strengthening Public Sector Efficiency and Statistical Capacity Project ( P151155 ) Page 79 of 93 \uf0b7 Increased share of competitive procurement methods \uf0b7 Increase value for money for public contract \uf0b7 Operationalization of MOOC Subcomponent 3. 2: Enhancing the capacity of organizations in the procurement system to carry out their functions \uf0b7 Clarified procurement rules, guidelines, and procedures \uf0b7 Setting an e-tracking system for the procurement chain 0. 5m Subcomponent 3. 3: Streamlining the procurement regulatory framework \uf0b7 Revised procurement code and related instruments 0. 7m Subcomponent 3. 4: Improving the management and monitoring of procurement performance: \uf0b7 Piloting individual performance contract approach in the procurement system \uf0b7 RRI to support procurement process performance in the pilot 3. 3m Improved decision - making process based on reliable statistical data Component 4: Enhancing the use of statistics for policy making \uf0b7 Timely production of reliable statistical data \uf0b7 Statistics widely disseminated Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data \uf0b7 Production of a series of Poverty Notes ( based on ECAM 4 and high - frequency surveys ) \uf0b7 Production of ECAM 5 \uf0b7 Analysis of the population census \uf0b7 Production of the LFS 5. 4m Subcomponent 4. 2: Strengthening the national accounts production \uf0b7 Quarterly production of improved national accounts ( including revised methodology for cross-border trade statistics ) \uf0b7 Creation of an economic simulation tool for MINEPAT simulation 2", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1276, + 1279, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "LFS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1238, + 1255, + "LFS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3m Improved decision - making process based on reliable statistical data Component 4: Enhancing the use of statistics for policy making \uf0b7 Timely production of reliable statistical data \uf0b7 Statistics widely disseminated Subcomponent 4. 1: Improvement of poverty-related data \uf0b7 Production of a series of Poverty Notes ( based on ECAM 4 and high - frequency surveys ) \uf0b7 Production of ECAM 5 \uf0b7 Analysis of the population census \uf0b7 Production of the LFS 5. 4m Subcomponent 4.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LFS refers to a structured collection of data related to labor force statistics, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned in the context of data production", + "described as the production of LFS", + "treated as a source that contributes to data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'LFS' is most likely referring to the Labor Force Survey, which is a recognized structured collection of labor force data used for analysis. Despite potential ambiguities in its categorization, it is presented within a framework discussing data production and analysis. The phrase 'production of the LFS' indicates that it is not just a project or system, but a specific type of data collection that is integral to the overall research and analysis process. The surrounding text supports the idea that this is a dataset relevant to the analysis of poverty-related issues and decision-making processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Given the context, LFS functions as a dataset, specifically the Labor Force Survey, which is a structured data collection pertinent to labor statistics used in analysis and policy-making." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 27, + "text": "These will be further defined in coordination with other donors intervening in these areas ( particularly AFD ) and based on the findings of the RPBA ( expected to be available in Fall 2017 ). B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation 51. Continuous M & E will be an integral part of project implementation under the overall responsibility of the PCU. Each TLU will be responsible for day-to-day monitoring of project activities at the city level and providing regular updates to the PCU on the implementation of the City Contract. Project monitoring will be based on biannually progress reports, including updates on the results framework included in the Project Appraisal Document. At mid-term review ( MTR ) and before project closing, a beneficiary assessment will be undertaken. In addition to the Results Framework indicators, the project M & E system will also capture sector data defined by the GoC ( MINEPAT, MINHDU, and so on ) to inform policy and progress in implementation of national strategies. The M & E manual will provide further details on the results framework, social / gender - specific indicators, assessment of citizen engagement, as well as the methodology, tools, and institutional arrangements for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 904, + 911, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "At mid-term review ( MTR ) and before project closing, a beneficiary assessment will be undertaken. In addition to the Results Framework indicators, the project M & E system will also capture sector data defined by the GoC ( MINEPAT, MINHDU, and so on ) to inform policy and progress in implementation of national strategies. The M & E manual will provide further details on the results framework, social / gender - specific indicators, assessment of citizen engagement, as well as the methodology, tools, and institutional arrangements for data collection.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINEPAT refers to a governmental organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of an M & E system", + "enumerated with other governmental organizations", + "described in the context of capturing sector data", + "not positioned as a direct data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINEPAT' is referenced in the framework of a project monitoring and evaluation system, indicating it is associated with capturing certain sector data defined by the Government of Cameroon (GoC). The text highlights that MINEPAT appears alongside other ministries (e.g., MINHDU) without indicating that it is a dataset itself. Instead, it seems more to function as a governmental body responsible for data definitions rather than as a collection of data or records. This distinction is crucial, as it suggests MINEPAT's alignment with policy and sector development roles instead of being a direct source of structured data collection. Consequently, models might have misidentified it as a dataset due to its capitalization, placement alongside other entities, and the phrasing implying data being captured; however, it lacks the characteristics of an actual dataset that would be used for analysis in this text.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINEPAT is not a dataset in this context; it refers to a government ministry involved in policy and data definition rather than an actual data source." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 27, + "text": "These will be further defined in coordination with other donors intervening in these areas ( particularly AFD ) and based on the findings of the RPBA ( expected to be available in Fall 2017 ). B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation 51. Continuous M & E will be an integral part of project implementation under the overall responsibility of the PCU. Each TLU will be responsible for day-to-day monitoring of project activities at the city level and providing regular updates to the PCU on the implementation of the City Contract. Project monitoring will be based on biannually progress reports, including updates on the results framework included in the Project Appraisal Document. At mid-term review ( MTR ) and before project closing, a beneficiary assessment will be undertaken. In addition to the Results Framework indicators, the project M & E system will also capture sector data defined by the GoC ( MINEPAT, MINHDU, and so on ) to inform policy and progress in implementation of national strategies. The M & E manual will provide further details on the results framework, social / gender - specific indicators, assessment of citizen engagement, as well as the methodology, tools, and institutional arrangements for data collection.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 913, + 919, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "At mid-term review ( MTR ) and before project closing, a beneficiary assessment will be undertaken. In addition to the Results Framework indicators, the project M & E system will also capture sector data defined by the GoC ( MINEPAT, MINHDU, and so on ) to inform policy and progress in implementation of national strategies. The M & E manual will provide further details on the results framework, social / gender - specific indicators, assessment of citizen engagement, as well as the methodology, tools, and institutional arrangements for data collection.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINHDU refers to a governmental organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside governmental organizations", + "not described as a data source", + "referred to as part of a project monitoring system that captures data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MINHDU' is used in reference to a governmental organization, specifically the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development in Cameroon. The context implies that 'MINHDU' is identified as an entity that provides sector data but does not designate it as a dataset in itself. Instead, it is part of a larger monitoring and evaluation (M & E) system that collects and analyzes data, indicating that 'MINHDU' functions more as an information source rather than a structured collection of data. The mention of it alongside 'MINEPAT' (another ministry) suggests that these are entities providing information, not datasets themselves. The inclusion of 'MINHDU' list in a project context could lead to confusion for models since it might follow patterns where entities are mistaken for datasets when they are actually institutions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MINHDU' is not treated as a dataset in this context but rather as a reference to a governmental organization contributing to sector data, distinguishing it from the structured datasets typically involved in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 44, + "text": "31 Beneficiaries that feel project investments reflected their needs ( percentage, disaggregated by gender ) The percentage of beneficiary population that feel that the project activities have reflected their needs as expressed through a baseline beneficiary assessment MTR, end of project Beneficiary satisfaction surveys NGOs, TLUs, PCU, CTDs Of which women The percentage of beneficiary women that feel that the project activities have reflected their needs as expressed through a baseline beneficiary assessment MTR, end of project Beneficiary satisfaction surveys NGOs, TLUs, PCU, CTDs. Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Cities for which the urban database is updated regularly The number of cities for which data on the key indicators in MINHDU \u2019 s urban database are provided every two years Starting Y3, annual M & E reports MINHDU, PCU Sector land use plans developed and validated under the project The number of sector land use plans that have been developed and validated under the project in accordance with the principles of integrated urban planning, urban resilience, and citizen participation Starting Y3, Annual M & E reports CU, MINHDU, TLUs, PCU Asset management system for road and drainage assets operational in Douala and Yaound\u00e9 Assess the progress in developing and operating the new maintenance systems in Douala and Yaound\u00e9 Annual M & E reports, technical audits", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 870, + 876, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Cities for which the urban database is updated regularly The number of cities for which data on the key indicators in MINHDU \u2019 s urban database are provided every two years Starting Y3, annual M & E reports MINHDU, PCU Sector land use plans developed and validated under the project The number of sector land use plans that have been developed and validated under the project in accordance with the principles of integrated urban planning, urban resilience, and citizen participation Starting Y3, Annual M & E reports CU, MINHDU, TLUs, PCU Asset management system for road and drainage assets operational in Douala and Yaound\u00e9 Assess the progress in developing and operating the new maintenance systems in Douala and Yaound\u00e9 Annual M & E reports, technical audits", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MINHDU refers to an organization (Ministry of Housing and Urban Development) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an organization responsible for urban database updates", + "not described as a structured collection of data", + "context involves reporting indicators rather than providing a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, MINHDU is identified as the Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, which indicates a governing body rather than a structured dataset. The surrounding text refers to data provided from this organization and discusses urban databases; however, it does not classify MINHDU itself as a dataset. The term appears alongside phrases that detail data sources and methodologies, which may have led the extraction model to misinterpret it as a dataset. Key signals include its presentation with respect to indicators and reports but lack of explicit evidence that it serves as a concrete collection of data for analysis. This could cause confusion for models, as 'MINHDU' is capitalized and mentioned in a context dealing with data sources, making it seem like it functions as a dataset in some way, even though it refers to an administrative or organizational entity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MINHDU here refers to a governmental organization rather than a structured dataset; therefore, it should not be considered as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 76, + "text": "63 audits will be carried out every two years to assess the quality, use, and maintenance of the infrastructure works and the application of ESMPs and remedies and to give recommendations for the further implementation of the project. Before the MTR and before the end of the project, a beneficiary assessment will also be conducted to inform implementation. The project M & E manual will include the project Results Framework but also several project management and impact indicators defined by the MINEPAT for all donor-supported projects. To facilitate the integration of data, the project is acquiring an M & E software ( TOM2MONITORING ) that is interlinked with the financial management software ( TOM2PRO ) used by the financial services of the Project. The baselines of the Results Framework have been established through the detailed technical design studies, municipal audits in each participating city, and studies conducted during project preparation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 626, + 640, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project M & E manual will include the project Results Framework but also several project management and impact indicators defined by the MINEPAT for all donor-supported projects. To facilitate the integration of data, the project is acquiring an M & E software ( TOM2MONITORING ) that is interlinked with the financial management software ( TOM2PRO ) used by the financial services of the Project. The baselines of the Results Framework have been established through the detailed technical design studies, municipal audits in each participating city, and studies conducted during project preparation.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "TOM2MONITORING is a monitoring and evaluation software, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project management software", + "describes project management and impact indicators but not actual data collection", + "not presented as a structured dataset", + "the context focuses on integration with financial management software" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TOM2MONITORING' is explicitly referred to as a software that facilitates the project management and monitoring and evaluation process, rather than as a direct source or collection of data. The text does not provide any indication that TOM2MONITORING houses structured datasets; instead, it indicates that it integrates with other software. The mention is more about infrastructure for managing data rather than presenting a concrete dataset for analysis. A model might have been confused due to the capitalized name resembling proper nouns for datasets, and it follows the phrase 'acquiring an M & E software,' which suggests a data-related role. However, the context indicates the term represents tools/software frameworks rather than the datasets they utilize or reference.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TOM2MONITORING is treated as a project management tool rather than a dataset because it is described as software for managing evaluations, not as a structured data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 76, + "text": "63 audits will be carried out every two years to assess the quality, use, and maintenance of the infrastructure works and the application of ESMPs and remedies and to give recommendations for the further implementation of the project. Before the MTR and before the end of the project, a beneficiary assessment will also be conducted to inform implementation. The project M & E manual will include the project Results Framework but also several project management and impact indicators defined by the MINEPAT for all donor-supported projects. To facilitate the integration of data, the project is acquiring an M & E software ( TOM2MONITORING ) that is interlinked with the financial management software ( TOM2PRO ) used by the financial services of the Project. The baselines of the Results Framework have been established through the detailed technical design studies, municipal audits in each participating city, and studies conducted during project preparation.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 704, + 711, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project M & E manual will include the project Results Framework but also several project management and impact indicators defined by the MINEPAT for all donor-supported projects. To facilitate the integration of data, the project is acquiring an M & E software ( TOM2MONITORING ) that is interlinked with the financial management software ( TOM2PRO ) used by the financial services of the Project. The baselines of the Results Framework have been established through the detailed technical design studies, municipal audits in each participating city, and studies conducted during project preparation.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "TOM2PRO is a financial management software, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as software used by financial services", + "mentioned alongside another software (TOM2MONITORING)", + "project management context rather than data collection context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, TOM2PRO is clearly referred to as financial management software, which indicates its role as a tool rather than a dataset. Although the surrounding language indicates a structured project with specific management and impact indicators, TOM2PRO is not described as a repository of data or a source of records but rather as software used by the financial aspects of a project. The confusion may arise because the name is capitalized and the model might associate it with datasets due to the structured context of data integration mentioned earlier, but here it's evident that it functions more as a part of project infrastructure than a standalone data source. The primary signals that led to determining it not a dataset include its explicit description as software and its listing in the context of other tools rather than datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TOM2PRO is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly presented as financial management software rather than a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 89, + "text": "To assess avoided costs in the without investment scenario, the following information was collected from existing literature: a. Health expenses data were sourced from healthcare centers and from a national health survey28. b. Incidence of major water-borne diseases were also sourced from TBS329 c. Opportunity cost of lost working day was calculated from data of a national employment survey30. ( CFAF 2, 500 per work day ). It was assumed that, for the treatment duration, each patient will be taken care of by one adult. Time spent by this adult translates into an opportunity cost as the adult will forgo revenues he / she could otherwise earn. The daily revenue of the average adult was estimated at CFAF 2, 500 per day ( legal minimum salary ). Therefore, given the population in the different sub - projects, avoided costs included ( i ) the direct costs incurred for different water-borne diseases and ( ii ) indirect costs related to the opportunity costs of adults \u2019 time spent on care. 31 Costs were estimated at CFAF 45, 000 per household per year. ( ii ) Flood avoidance related benefits. To assess avoided costs related to avoiding floods, the following information was collected: a. Frequency and costs of major flood events in the project influence area32.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 198, + 222, + "named" + ], + [ + 129, + 149, + "national health survey28 <> data type" + ], + [ + 227, + 266, + "national health survey28 <> data description" + ], + [ + 1289, + 1307, + "national health survey28 <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To assess avoided costs in the without investment scenario, the following information was collected from existing literature: a. Health expenses data were sourced from healthcare centers and from a national health survey28. b.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'national health survey' refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'sourced from'", + "described as a survey that collects health data", + "implies a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'national health survey' is presented as a source of health expenses data. It follows the phrase 'sourced from', which strengthens the notion that it is being used as a basis for data collection in the analysis. Moreover, the term 'survey' typically implies a systematic method of data collection, suggesting that it represents a structured dataset. Although a survey can sometimes refer to a project or methodology, the manner in which it is mentioned here connects it directly to the idea of a dataset. The model may have been confused if it had considered 'national health survey' solely as an initiative or project without recognizing its role as a repository of structured health data, but in this case, it aligns more closely with the notion of a dataset used for research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'national health survey' behaves like a real dataset mention since it is explicitly referenced as a source of data for analysis, suggesting it contains structured health-related information." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 89, + "text": "To assess avoided costs in the without investment scenario, the following information was collected from existing literature: a. Health expenses data were sourced from healthcare centers and from a national health survey28. b. Incidence of major water-borne diseases were also sourced from TBS329 c. Opportunity cost of lost working day was calculated from data of a national employment survey30. ( CFAF 2, 500 per work day ). It was assumed that, for the treatment duration, each patient will be taken care of by one adult. Time spent by this adult translates into an opportunity cost as the adult will forgo revenues he / she could otherwise earn. The daily revenue of the average adult was estimated at CFAF 2, 500 per day ( legal minimum salary ). Therefore, given the population in the different sub - projects, avoided costs included ( i ) the direct costs incurred for different water-borne diseases and ( ii ) indirect costs related to the opportunity costs of adults \u2019 time spent on care. 31 Costs were estimated at CFAF 45, 000 per household per year. ( ii ) Flood avoidance related benefits. To assess avoided costs related to avoiding floods, the following information was collected: a. Frequency and costs of major flood events in the project influence area32.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 290, + 296, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "b. Incidence of major water-borne diseases were also sourced from TBS329 c. Opportunity cost of lost working day was calculated from data of a national employment survey30.", + "type": "reference", + "explanation": "TBS329 appears to be a reference to a source or citation rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned with a reference to a source", + "not described as a structured collection of data", + "potentially a project or identifier rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'TBS329' is referred to in a way that implies it is a source for incidence data, but there is ambiguity around whether it constitutes an actual dataset or merely a designation for a report, project, or citation. The phrase 'sourced from TBS329' raises questions; it suggests this might be a reference or item rather than a concrete dataset with structured information. Moreover, it is not detailed in a way that attributes it characteristics typical for datasets, such as having organized records or statistics. The model may have been confused because 'TBS329' appears to follow the same convention of dataset references, being listed alongside terms that could denote data sources. However, without explicit indicators that it is a standalone dataset, it seems more aligned with a project or reference code. This ambiguity suggests the difficulties in distinguishing named projects from actual data sources in extraction models.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, TBS329 does not function like an actual dataset; rather, it is more likely a reference to a source, project, or citation, lacking characteristics that would categorize it as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "098_CAMEROON-PAD-NEW-08032017", + "page": 89, + "text": "To assess avoided costs in the without investment scenario, the following information was collected from existing literature: a. Health expenses data were sourced from healthcare centers and from a national health survey28. b. Incidence of major water-borne diseases were also sourced from TBS329 c. Opportunity cost of lost working day was calculated from data of a national employment survey30. ( CFAF 2, 500 per work day ). It was assumed that, for the treatment duration, each patient will be taken care of by one adult. Time spent by this adult translates into an opportunity cost as the adult will forgo revenues he / she could otherwise earn. The daily revenue of the average adult was estimated at CFAF 2, 500 per day ( legal minimum salary ). Therefore, given the population in the different sub - projects, avoided costs included ( i ) the direct costs incurred for different water-borne diseases and ( ii ) indirect costs related to the opportunity costs of adults \u2019 time spent on care. 31 Costs were estimated at CFAF 45, 000 per household per year. ( ii ) Flood avoidance related benefits. To assess avoided costs related to avoiding floods, the following information was collected: a. Frequency and costs of major flood events in the project influence area32.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 367, + 395, + "named" + ], + [ + 300, + 336, + "national employment survey30 <> data description" + ], + [ + 1289, + 1307, + "national employment survey30 <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Incidence of major water-borne diseases were also sourced from TBS329 c. Opportunity cost of lost working day was calculated from data of a national employment survey30. ( CFAF 2, 500 per work day ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to employment, which is used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data of a national employment survey'", + "described as containing data related to employment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'national employment survey' is presented as a source of data used in the analysis. It follows the phrase 'data of' indicating that it is being used as a direct source for calculations related to opportunity cost. The exact phrase used implies that it is not just a system or project; rather, it sounds like it contains structured records on employment that are being actively used in the analysis. If the text had described it solely as a project or showed it without linking it as a data source, that would suggest it may not be a direct dataset. However, the specific wording confirms its role in providing data. The model may have initially thought it could be a system due to its formal naming convention, which tends to resemble project names or databases, both of which can confuse the identification of actual datasets. However, given this specific usage, it indicates that 'national employment survey' is indeed functioning as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'national employment survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data used for analysis, rather than a project or a system." + }, + { + "filename": "100_Lebanon-Health-PAD-PAD2358-06152017", + "page": 16, + "text": "Essential Health Care Package The project provides beneficiaries with a package of essential health care services comprising the following: ( i ) three age - and gender-specific wellness packages ( age 0-18, females 19 years and above, males 19 years and above ); ( ii ) two care packages for the most common non-communicable diseases in Lebanon, diabetes and hypertension; and ( iii ) an antenatal package. Providers Services are provided to beneficiaries through 75 of the 204 MoPH network centers. Network facilities are managed by NGOs ( 67 percent ), local municipalities ( 20 percent ), MoPH ( 11 percent ), and MoSA ( 2 percent ). Provider participation is voluntary and is governed by the legal agreement between the MoPH and the managing entity. Quality of Care Quality of care is monitored through the PHCC accreditation program implemented by the MoPH in collaboration with Accreditation Canada International. Currently, all 75 PHCCs are within the accreditation program. The quality of clinical care is also monitored by the MoPH through clinical indicators captured in the Health Information System. Contracting and Provider Payment Mechanism The MoPH purchases the package of services for the beneficiary population from PHCCs. Provider payment is based on capitation and is output-based.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1086, + 1111, + "named" + ], + [ + 152, + 195, + "Health Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 338, + 345, + "Health Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 479, + 483, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 593, + 597, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 725, + 729, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 858, + 862, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1041, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1050, + 1069, + "Health Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1160, + 1164, + "Health Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1207, + 1229, + "Health Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Currently, all 75 PHCCs are within the accreditation program. The quality of clinical care is also monitored by the MoPH through clinical indicators captured in the Health Information System. Contracting and Provider Payment Mechanism The MoPH purchases the package of services for the beneficiary population from PHCCs.", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "The Health Information System is a structured collection of data used to monitor the quality of clinical care through clinical indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system", + "described in relation to monitoring quality of clinical care", + "does not specify actual data or records but rather refers to the infrastructure for data handling" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Health Information System' refers to a structured system that collects and manages health-related data. While it is indeed designed to capture clinical indicators, the term itself is not explicitly introduced as a dataset. The surrounding phrases describe its function in monitoring clinical quality without indicating it as a standalone dataset. The model may have confused this term due to its capitalization, which often implies it is a proper noun or significant term in the context, and it follows a mention of data. However, it does not directly state that it provides data for analysis or is treated as a dataset, leading to the conclusion that it functions more as an infrastructure or tool rather than a primary data source in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Health Information System' in this context is more indicative of a framework for managing health data rather than a specific dataset, as it is not described as a data source or standalone collection of records." + }, + { + "filename": "100_Lebanon-Health-PAD-PAD2358-06152017", + "page": 28, + "text": "The World Bank Lebanon Health Resilience Project ( P163476 ) Page 26 of 54 48. The MoPH, through the PMU \u2019 s two coordinators ( PHCC and hospital ), will be responsible for monitoring the daily progress of the project, focusing on improved accessibility of beneficiaries to the package of services, proper procurement, and capacity building of hospitals. The PMU will be responsible for preparing and submitting semiannual progress reports that, among other things, provide detailed reporting on services, procurement, and expenditures. It will also conduct mid-term and post - completion evaluations to gauge progress toward the PDO and assess the impact of the project on targeted beneficiaries. 49. The HIS system developed by the MoPH will be further refined and expanded under the project to all newly enrolled PHCCs to support the implementation and monitoring of the program. Data will be collected and used to: ( i ) supervise the performance of PHCCs; ( ii ) monitor the progress of beneficiary accessibility; ( iii ) monitor hospital improvements; and ( iv ) improve the provision of services on the basis of intermediate output and outcome data. The data will be verified directly by MoPH supervisory systems and external evaluation, and indirectly through triangulation with other data sources such as hospital claims. 50.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 706, + 716, + "named" + ], + [ + 83, + 87, + "HIS system <> author" + ], + [ + 734, + 738, + "HIS system <> author" + ], + [ + 801, + 821, + "HIS system <> reference population" + ], + [ + 968, + 1017, + "HIS system <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "49. The HIS system developed by the MoPH will be further refined and expanded under the project to all newly enrolled PHCCs to support the implementation and monitoring of the program. Data will be collected and used to: ( i ) supervise the performance of PHCCs; ( ii ) monitor the progress of beneficiary accessibility; ( iii ) monitor hospital improvements; and ( iv ) improve the provision of services on the basis of intermediate output and outcome data.", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "The HIS system is a structured collection of health-related data used for monitoring and evaluation of health services and outcomes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system, not as a direct data source", + "described as developed by MoPH for supporting program implementation", + "leads to data collection but doesn't represent structured records itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'HIS system' refers to a health information system developed to support the implementation and monitoring of health services. While it will be used to collect and manage data, it is explicitly mentioned as an infrastructure created to facilitate various tasks related to health service monitoring and performance supervision. There is no indication in the text that 'HIS system' itself is a structured dataset containing records; rather, it serves as a tool or platform that enables data collection. The decision pivots on the distinction between a system (which might encompass various datasets) and a specific dataset itself. The confusion may arise because the term is capitalized (suggesting it could be a dataset) and follows phrases that could imply data usage, but it fundamentally acts as an information system guiding data use rather than representing a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'HIS system' mentioned in the text is better understood as a health information system rather than a dataset, as it serves as infrastructure for data collection rather than representing structured records in and of itself." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 989, + 994, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "ENDVI refers to a concept related to drought severity data derived from LANDSAT imagery, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as derived from LANDSAT imagery", + "refers to a concept related to drought severity", + "not explicitly mentioned as a dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ENDVI' is referenced as a source for Drought Severity data derived from specific LANDSAT 8 imagery, suggesting that it is not itself a structured dataset but rather a derived indicator or formula used to analyze the data. The model might have been confused because 'ENDVI' is presented in the context of data, potentially making it appear as if it is a dataset. However, the lack of explicit identification as a dataset and its descriptive nature indicate that it is better seen as a concept or indicator rather than a concrete dataset. This could cause uncertainty for models distinguishing between terms used for metrics versus structured data collections.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ENDVI is not treated as a dataset in this context; it refers to a derived concept for analyzing drought severity data rather than a standalone structured collection of records." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1260, + 1278, + "named" + ], + [ + 871, + 878, + "FAO FSNAU database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 950, + 971, + "FAO FSNAU database <> data description" + ], + [ + 1103, + 1111, + "FAO FSNAU database <> data type" + ], + [ + 1260, + 1263, + "FAO FSNAU database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1281, + 1290, + "FAO FSNAU database <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The FAO FSNAU database is a structured collection of data related to food security and nutrition in Somalia, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018relied on data from\u2019", + "described as a database", + "enumerated alongside other data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'FAO FSNAU database' is explicitly mentioned as a source of data along with other data sources relevant to the analysis. The phrase 'data from FAO FSNAU database' indicates that it provides structured information that contributes to the reported figures, aligning it with the definition of a dataset. While it is possible for the term to be perceived as a system, the wording and context strongly convey that it contains specific records and information relevant to food security and nutrition in Somalia. The chance for confusion may arise from the term 'database', as it can refer to both the system that houses data and the actual data contained within it. However, in this case, the emphasis appears to be on the data itself rather than the infrastructure. Therefore, it is appropriate to classify it as a dataset for this analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'FAO FSNAU database' is treated as a dataset here because it is specified as a source of data, it is categorized as a database providing structured records, and it is positioned alongside other known datasets in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1294, + 1320, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis.", + "type": "population data", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of population data provided by UNFPA, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'data from'", + "described as population data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNFPA 2014 population data' is explicitly mentioned alongside other established data sources such as FAO FSNAU database and LANDSCAN 2015, indicating that it is being used as a reference for population figures. The phrase follows 'data from', which signals that it is a data source for the analysis. Although 'UNFPA' could evoke thoughts of a project (the United Nations Population Fund) or a management information system related to population data, it is specifically qualified here with the year (2014) and labeled as 'population data', which clarifies it as a structured dataset collected for research purposes. Thus, while there might be confusion since UNFPA is an organization, the way it is framed in this sentence strongly supports its identification as a dataset rather than a systems or project reference.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UNFPA 2014 population data' is clearly presented as a dataset being utilized for analysis, despite potential expectations of it being tied to a project or organization." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1325, + 1357, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis.", + "type": "population density dataset", + "explanation": "LANDSCAN 2015 population density refers to a structured collection of data that provides population density information, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data from'", + "enumerated alongside other specific data sources", + "described as population density information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'LANDSCAN 2015 population density' appears within a list of specific data sources that are cited for deriving different analytical figures. It is mentioned alongside other well-known data sources such as IOM, UN Habitat, and FAO FSNAU database. The term 'population density' indicates that it refers to a structured collection of data, which is consistent with how datasets are typically characterized in research. The phrase follows \u2018data from\u2019, which signals that it is being used as a data source for analysis. The presence of a specific year, 2015, also supports that this is a dataset related to population density rather than just a project or system name. There may be potential confusion for models because 'LANDSCAN' could be misconstrued as a project name or a system if taken out of context, but the specificity of the term and its use in a data-driven context clearly identifies it as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LANDSCAN 2015 population density' is treated as a dataset because it is specifically cited as a source for population density data that contributes to the analysis, placing it clearly as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1523, + 1532, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "UN SWALIM refers to an organization involved in water resources data, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'derived from'", + "context describes UN SWALIM as a source of data", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'UN SWALIM' appears in the context of sourcing data for water resources. The phrase 'derived from' suggests that it is being used as a source of information rather than indicating that it is a structured collection of data itself. This context leads me to view UN SWALIM as potentially an organizational entity or project rather than a dedicated dataset. The mention of ICRC databases alongside supports this interpretation, implying that these are entities containing data rather than individual datasets in their own right. The model might have confused 'UN SWALIM' for a dataset mention due to its capitalization and structural placement in the sentence, which is typical for named datasets. However, a closer reading reveals it functions more like a source or body for data rather than an actual dataset. Therefore, I classify it as not being a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'UN SWALIM' should not be treated as a dataset because it refers to an organization involved in data sourcing, rather than a specific structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 18, + "text": "With over 1. 1 million people ( 10 percent of the population ) already internally displaced, new displacement, particularly to urban centres, is compounding existing development deficits and strain the capacity of most communities. 13. Female-headed households and displaced women and girls are among the populations most vulnerable to the adverse impacts of the current drought. In addition, the limited security in IDP settlements, poor living conditions and lack of protection pose added risks of gender-based violence ( GBV ) and sexual exploitation to female IDPs. The separation of many women and children from community and familial support structures, as well as from traditional livelihoods activities, contributes to an increased reliance on marginal, inconsistent and hazardous livelihood strategies, which heighten poverty, food 7 OCHA: Humanitarian Bulletin Somalia, May 4 2017 8 The RDNA relies on the following sources of information: Drought Severity data was derived from ENDVI 10-year historical anomaly data based on LANDSAT 8 imagery. Displacement figures were derived from compiled IDP data from IOM, UN Habitat, UNHCR and local Ministries of Interior. Agriculture and livestock impact data heavily relied on expert judgment and data from FAO FSNAU database ( 2011-2017 ), UNFPA 2014 population data and LANDSCAN 2015 population density. Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb. int / report / somalia / unhcr-somalia-drought-displacement-period-1-nov-2016-31-march-2017", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1537, + 1551, + "named" + ], + [ + 871, + 878, + "ICRC databases <> data geography" + ], + [ + 950, + 971, + "ICRC databases <> data description" + ], + [ + 1485, + 1505, + "ICRC databases <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Cholera / AWD forecasts and data was derived from World Health Organization ( WHO ) data, reporting and forecasting analysis. Water resources data was derived from UN SWALIM and ICRC databases 9 When these assets are priced at the prevailing depressed prices in the markets. The scenarios assume drought effect on grazing areas, disparities in household resilience to the effects of drought based on livelihood zone, wealth and coping mechanisms, as well as differences in adaptation of livestock to drought 10 http: / / reliefweb.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'ICRC databases' refers to structured collections of data maintained by the International Committee of the Red Cross, which are used for research and analysis related to humanitarian issues.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as containing records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ICRC databases' is referenced alongside specific known sources such as WHO data and SWALIM, suggesting it serves as a data source. The capitalized term indicates that it is likely a proper noun referring to a structured repository of information. Although it could be seen as part of a system or project, the explicit context indicates that these databases are utilized for data analysis related to humanitarian issues, supporting the view that they function as datasets in this specific instance. The mention arises in a context that discusses forecasts and data derived from multiple sources, reinforcing the idea that 'ICRC databases' are a distinct data resource rather than mere infrastructure or a tool. That said, a model may have been misled due to the broader context in which 'databases' may refer to systems that store data without specifying that they serve as primary datasets for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ICRC databases' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data used in analysis, alongside other known datasets, and the terminology suggests it is a structured collection of records." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 38, + "text": "The assessments concluded that the WB can rely on the existing ICRC FM arrangements to implement part of the Project, complemented by the project-specific risk mitigation measures. In addition, the WB shall rely on ICRC Internal control procedures, that will be complemented by the WB \u2019 s periodic FM implementation support supervision. B. Results Monitoring and Evaluation 74. Monitoring and Evaluation. The ICRC and FAO will be independently responsible for their own program monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the Project, using the Project \u2019 s results framework to issue quarterly updates on the overall project implementation and results. The ICRC and FAO will be responsible to set up a Results Monitoring System that will allow to report on the Results Framework and any related outcome and impact information for the project. 75. The Results Monitoring System for ICRC will include data from each sector: Economic Security ( EcoSec ), Water / Sanitation, and Health.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 697, + 722, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The ICRC and FAO will be independently responsible for their own program monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the Project, using the Project \u2019 s results framework to issue quarterly updates on the overall project implementation and results. The ICRC and FAO will be responsible to set up a Results Monitoring System that will allow to report on the Results Framework and any related outcome and impact information for the project. 75.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Results Monitoring System refers to a framework or system for monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system for monitoring and evaluation", + "not described as containing concrete structured data", + "references a framework for reporting rather than raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Results Monitoring System' is positioned more as a tool or infrastructure set up by the ICRC and FAO for the purpose of program monitoring and evaluation. It does not refer to a specific dataset containing records or statistics, but rather to a system designed to facilitate the reporting and tracking of outcomes and results related to the project. The term appears in a context that explicitly describes its function rather than its content, indicating that it is a framework for monitoring rather than a collection of data in itself. A model might have been confused because the term 'system' often suggests a collection or organization of data, and it is presented in a prominent way within the text. However, the focus here is on its role in evaluation rather than on it being a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Results Monitoring System' in this context refers to a tool for evaluation and reporting, rather than a concrete structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 38, + "text": "The monitoring system has a two-pronged approach: 1 ) the internal data collection and analysis by the EcoSec team through regular field assessment visits and market survey that is conducted in 14 regions on a monthly basis; 2 ) the exchange with the relevant stakeholders such as SRCS, communities, local associations and NGOs, different governmental authorities at the field and central level, the UN led Food / Nutrition and Shelter clusters at the regional and central levels, including specialized agencies and projects such as FSNAU and Famine Early Warning Network ( FEWS NET ). ICRC will submit to the WB technical reports on the project activities and progress. The bi-annual report includes the interim reporting format that is currently being used to report to other donors. In addition, ICRC will also provide an end of project report including information on achievements and impacts, which will be based on M & E tools used by ICRC. Use of a limited Third-Party Technical Review ( TPTR ) to complement ICRC M & E due diligence on the project results and processes will also be considered. 76. Currently FAO M & E conducts multiple impact assessment studies for the project they implement: Baseline Surveys, Post-Distribution Assessments and Impact Assessments. The Baseline Surveys, conducted regularly, will employ a hybrid approach that uses FAO Field Monitors ( currently about 15 across Somalia ) and independent consulting firm as a Service Provider which is contracted and overseen by FAO. The use of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 543, + 571, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The monitoring system has a two-pronged approach: 1 ) the internal data collection and analysis by the EcoSec team through regular field assessment visits and market survey that is conducted in 14 regions on a monthly basis; 2 ) the exchange with the relevant stakeholders such as SRCS, communities, local associations and NGOs, different governmental authorities at the field and central level, the UN led Food / Nutrition and Shelter clusters at the regional and central levels, including specialized agencies and projects such as FSNAU and Famine Early Warning Network ( FEWS NET ). ICRC will submit to the WB technical reports on the project activities and progress.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "The Famine Early Warning Network (FEWS NET) is an initiative focused on providing early warning and analysis of food insecurity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other initiatives like FSNAU, suggesting it is part of a network of projects rather than a standalone dataset", + "described as a project or initiative, not as a direct source of structured data", + "context suggests a focus on analysis and early warning rather than data provision" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Famine Early Warning Network' refers to a network that provides insights and analyses related to food insecurity, but it does not appear to be a source of structured data in the way a dataset would be defined. The presence of terms like 'monitoring system' surrounding it implies a complex approach that includes various stakeholders and data sources, rather than indicating that FEWS NET itself is a dataset. The model may have been misled by the capitalization of the name 'Famine Early Warning Network' and its enumeration alongside the FSNAU, which could suggest a data source at first glance. However, the descriptive context clarifies that it operates more as an initiative or tool rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Famine Early Warning Network' is not treated as a dataset here because it is identified as a project or initiative focused on food insecurity, without being described as a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 40, + "text": "FSNAU \u2019 s livelihoods baseline and household-to-livestock ratios as well as expert - based judgements on expected livestock activity enabled the quantification of livestock and associated losses in Somali livestock industry. 82. SWALIM \u2019 s data on strategic water resources in Somalia and remote assessment results helped better understanding the drought ' s impact on water resources and associated effects on population and livestock. The AWD / Cholera outbreak data from WHO has allowed for better targeting of intervention strategies as well as understanding of where drought, malnutrition and disease concerns are likely to jointly manifest themselves. 83. Project implementation will also follow an inclusive and consultative process with the relevant partners and stakeholders, including government, through an informal coordination mechanism. This will help ensure close strategic harmonization and operational coordination across the inter-related interventions implemented by FAO, ICRC and multiple other humanitarian and development partners. The Project will also provide support to FAO to further strengthen its coordination and harmonization of the Food Cluster activities and partners in Somalia. V. KEY RISKS A. Overall Risk Rating and Explanation of Key Risks 84. The overall risk for achieving the PDO is substantial. The rating for each category is listed in Table 5, with explanations underneath for the substantial and high risks.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 5, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "FSNAU \u2019 s livelihoods baseline and household-to-livestock ratios as well as expert - based judgements on expected livestock activity enabled the quantification of livestock and associated losses in Somali livestock industry. 82.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "FSNAU refers to an organization involved in data collection and analysis, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an organization involved in data collection", + "not treated as a source of a structured dataset", + "no references to actual data or records", + "focus on methodology rather than dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'FSNAU' is clearly referred to as an organization that conducts analysis related to livelihoods and livestock in Somalia. It appears more as a research entity or project rather than a structured collection of data or a dataset itself. The term is not preceded by indications that imply it is a data source (such as 'uses data from') nor is it accompanied by a description that defines it as containing a set of organized data. The lack of explicit mention of 'data', 'records', or 'statistics' further emphasizes its role as an organization rather than a dataset. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization and recognizability of 'FSNAU', which suggests it could be a proper name representing a dataset; however, the crucial factor is that it does not function as a discrete source of data in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'FSNAU' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it refers to an organization focused on data analysis rather than presenting a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 40, + "text": "FSNAU \u2019 s livelihoods baseline and household-to-livestock ratios as well as expert - based judgements on expected livestock activity enabled the quantification of livestock and associated losses in Somali livestock industry. 82. SWALIM \u2019 s data on strategic water resources in Somalia and remote assessment results helped better understanding the drought ' s impact on water resources and associated effects on population and livestock. The AWD / Cholera outbreak data from WHO has allowed for better targeting of intervention strategies as well as understanding of where drought, malnutrition and disease concerns are likely to jointly manifest themselves. 83. Project implementation will also follow an inclusive and consultative process with the relevant partners and stakeholders, including government, through an informal coordination mechanism. This will help ensure close strategic harmonization and operational coordination across the inter-related interventions implemented by FAO, ICRC and multiple other humanitarian and development partners. The Project will also provide support to FAO to further strengthen its coordination and harmonization of the Food Cluster activities and partners in Somalia. V. KEY RISKS A. Overall Risk Rating and Explanation of Key Risks 84. The overall risk for achieving the PDO is substantial. The rating for each category is listed in Table 5, with explanations underneath for the substantial and high risks.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 229, + 235, + "named" + ], + [ + 10, + 64, + "SWALIM <> data description" + ], + [ + 76, + 132, + "SWALIM <> data description" + ], + [ + 277, + 284, + "SWALIM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 986, + 989, + "SWALIM <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1095, + 1098, + "SWALIM <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1203, + 1210, + "SWALIM <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "82. SWALIM \u2019 s data on strategic water resources in Somalia and remote assessment results helped better understanding the drought ' s impact on water resources and associated effects on population and livestock. The AWD / Cholera outbreak data from WHO has allowed for better targeting of intervention strategies as well as understanding of where drought, malnutrition and disease concerns are likely to jointly manifest themselves.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SWALIM refers to a database that contains data on strategic water resources in Somalia, which is used for analysis and understanding of drought impacts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing data on strategic water resources", + "focus on data indicating its use in analysis", + "implicitly referenced in a data-driven context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SWALIM' is explicitly mentioned as a source of data related to strategic water resources, suggesting it serves as a concrete and relevant dataset for the analysis of drought impacts. The presentation of the term alongside the description of the information it provides emphasizes its role in contributing valuable insights. This contrasts the potential confusion of viewing it merely as a project or system, as there is a clear indication that the data sourced from 'SWALIM' has been utilized for analysis. While the term could be interpreted as the name of a project or information system, the usage here suggests it is effectively functioning as a dataset that analysts refer to for empirical insights. A model might have been confused if it focused solely on the terminology without considering the direct application and context provided in the surrounding text.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SWALIM' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly described as containing strategic water resource data that aids in the analysis of drought impacts, indicating its use as a primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 42, + "text": "The coming \u201c Gu \u201d rains have been delayed, and are likely to be 20-30 percent below average, with pockets of rainfall as much as 25-50 percent below average along the south. Given the forecast for average to below-average April to September rainfall in the Ethiopian highlands, which feeds in to the Shabelle River, and below average \u201c Gu \u201d rains, river water levels are expected to remain lower than normal from April through September. This will result in lower than normal irrigation planting. 30 In the long-run, bigger climate shifts are anticipated. The expected mean annual temperature is projected to increase by 1 \u00b0 C to 3 \u00b0 C ( by 2050 ) in all areas of Somalia. 31 In terms of precipitation, by 2050 and beyond, it is projected to increase across the country, in particular during the October-November-December months. 32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1305, + 1310, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "FSNAU refers to the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit, which is an organization rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of enhancing data collection capacities", + "listed alongside other organizations, SWALIM and FEWSNET, indicating it is likely an organization/project rather than a data source", + "described as an entity involved in capacity development, not as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FSNAU' is presented alongside other entities (SWALIM and FEWSNET) in relation to supporting improved data collection, which suggests it is part of an organizational framework rather than a standalone dataset. The phrasing makes it clear that it is an organizational unit that assists with data analysis and capacity building rather than one which contains or generates a structured collection of data itself. The model might have been led to believe 'FSNAU' could be a dataset because it appears in a sentence focusing on data collection and capabilities, but the context ultimately indicates it functions more as a supporting organization.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, FSNAU is considered an organization focused on data collection and analysis rather than a concrete dataset. It functions in a supportive role rather than serving as a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 42, + "text": "The coming \u201c Gu \u201d rains have been delayed, and are likely to be 20-30 percent below average, with pockets of rainfall as much as 25-50 percent below average along the south. Given the forecast for average to below-average April to September rainfall in the Ethiopian highlands, which feeds in to the Shabelle River, and below average \u201c Gu \u201d rains, river water levels are expected to remain lower than normal from April through September. This will result in lower than normal irrigation planting. 30 In the long-run, bigger climate shifts are anticipated. The expected mean annual temperature is projected to increase by 1 \u00b0 C to 3 \u00b0 C ( by 2050 ) in all areas of Somalia. 31 In terms of precipitation, by 2050 and beyond, it is projected to increase across the country, in particular during the October-November-December months. 32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1312, + 1318, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "SWALIM refers to an organization involved in water and land management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned alongside other organizations, not explicitly described as a data source, involved in enhancing data collection and analytical capacities, not a standalone dataset", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'SWALIM' appears to refer to an organization focused on water and land management, rather than a dataset. It is grouped with other similar organizations (FSNAU and FEWSNET) and there is no explicit mention that it serves as a primary data source. The text articulates activities related to improving data collection but does not imply that SWALIM itself is the dataset being used for analysis. This might have caused confusion for the model as 'SWALIM' looks like an acronym and is capitalized, drawing attention as a potential named dataset. However, upon closer examination, it is clear that it represents an organization rather than an independent data collection or a structured dataset. The model might have misinterpreted the context due to the absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' linking it directly to data sourcing.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SWALIM is identified as an organization involved in enhancing analytical capacity rather than functioning as a concrete dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 42, + "text": "The coming \u201c Gu \u201d rains have been delayed, and are likely to be 20-30 percent below average, with pockets of rainfall as much as 25-50 percent below average along the south. Given the forecast for average to below-average April to September rainfall in the Ethiopian highlands, which feeds in to the Shabelle River, and below average \u201c Gu \u201d rains, river water levels are expected to remain lower than normal from April through September. This will result in lower than normal irrigation planting. 30 In the long-run, bigger climate shifts are anticipated. The expected mean annual temperature is projected to increase by 1 \u00b0 C to 3 \u00b0 C ( by 2050 ) in all areas of Somalia. 31 In terms of precipitation, by 2050 and beyond, it is projected to increase across the country, in particular during the October-November-December months. 32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1324, + 1331, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "32 While the majority of the project is focused on immediate and medium-term recovery of a major climate shock, the project is also striving to build resilience of communities to mitigate the impact of climate variability and to strengthen drought forecasting services. Activities include enhancing water retention and management infrastructure, drought preparedness and response plans at the community level; supporting improved data collection and analytical capacities of FSNAU, SWALIM, and FEWSNET; capacity development trainings for community health workers and veterinary professionals.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "FEWSNET is an organization focused on food security and early warning systems, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other organizations that collect data", + "not described as a structured collection of records", + "functions as a project/system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FEWSNET' is referenced as part of a larger initiative to enhance data collection and analytical capacities, particularly for organizations like FSNAU and SWALIM. The mention does not imply that FEWSNET itself is a dataset, as it is identified more as an organization focused on food security and warning systems rather than a collection of structured data records. The context suggests it is part of a system of organizations involved in data collection, rather than being a distinct dataset like those implied by 'FSNAU' and 'SWALIM'. A model might confuse this due to its capitalization and its association with data-related work, leading to an assumption that it functions similarly to enumerated datasets. However, it clearly acts as an infrastructure or project rather than a standalone dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "FEWSNET is not treated as a dataset here; it operates as an organization that supports data collection initiatives rather than housing structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 42, + "text": "In this light, the 40 percent of the project that is designed to support resilient recovery can be counted as contributing to climate change adaptation ( co-benefits ). VI. APPRAISAL SUMMARY A. Economic Analysis 89. The economic analysis conducted as part of the project preparation process suggests that the proposed interventions are economically feasible. In particular sub-components 1. 1, 2. 1 and 2. 3 were assessed in detail and are expected to lead to positive economic rates of return, largely in excess of the discount rate of 6 percent assumed for these interventions, by: ( i ) saving human lives; ( ii ) reducing the 30 FEWS-FSNAU: Food Security Outlook, February to September 2017 31 According to climate data from the CMIP5 ( Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project ) database of the World Climate Research Program, from World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal 32 Ibid", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 733, + 738, + "named" + ], + [ + 690, + 694, + "CMIP5 <> publication year" + ], + [ + 711, + 723, + "CMIP5 <> data type" + ], + [ + 798, + 828, + "CMIP5 <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 and 2. 3 were assessed in detail and are expected to lead to positive economic rates of return, largely in excess of the discount rate of 6 percent assumed for these interventions, by: ( i ) saving human lives; ( ii ) reducing the 30 FEWS-FSNAU: Food Security Outlook, February to September 2017 31 According to climate data from the CMIP5 ( Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project ) database of the World Climate Research Program, from World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal 32 Ibid", + "type": "climate model dataset", + "explanation": "CMIP5 refers to a collection of climate model data used for research and analysis in climate science.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018according to climate data from\u2019", + "described as 'database'", + "associated with climate data and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CMIP5' is presented alongside a description indicating that it is a database linked directly to climate data analysis. The phrasing \u2018according to climate data from the CMIP5 database\u2019 strongly suggests that CMIP5 is being referred to here as a source of data rather than purely as a project or information system. The presence of a descriptor ('database') reinforces this interpretation, suggesting that it holds substantial and structured datasets applicable to the research context being discussed. The confusion might arise from the term 'project' or 'model inter-comparison', but since it is explicitly linked to climate data collection, it is treated as a dataset in this case. The extraction model likely identified this as a dataset due to its mention in conjunction with data usage and the structural characteristics typical of a dataset description.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "CMIP5 is treated as a dataset here because it is described in connection with climate data and labeled as a 'database,' indicating it functions as a source of structured climate data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 67, + "text": "To improve the ability of all stakeholders to take early action for droughts, this sub-component will: i ) support the development of community drought preparedness and response plans; ii ) strengthen weather monitoring and forecasting through the existing water and land information management system initiative ( SWALIM ); and iii ) strengthen the generation, management and dissemination of early warning data through supporting the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit ( FSNAU ). 45. To promote resilience to drought, affected communities will be engaged to develop community-level drought preparedness and response plans. Building on community-specific contexts, drought preparedness plans will guide communities on: ( i ) how to implement systems for monitoring drought impacts; ( ii ) establishing regular communication on drought conditions across communities and with monitoring agencies, and ( iii ) specific actions to take before, during and after a drought. Preparedness planning will have specific benefits for communities, including improved water management and food storage, increased drought awareness, greater protection from flooding, and reduced future livelihood losses due to protection of feed, animals, and crops from drought impacts. 46. Programmatic support will be provided to SWALIM, which is playing a vital role in the ongoing famine prevention and drought response in Somalia. For example, SWALIM is monitoring the weather parameters ( rainfall, temperature, humidity, sunshine, soil moisture ), providing weather forecasts and early warning for droughts and seasonal riverine floods, and updating water source conditions ( boreholes, reservoirs, etc. ), which facilitates targeting of migrating pastoralists for immediate and livelihood assistance. SWALIM is furthermore supporting and training land and water information centers inside the ministries, which in turn provide information to the government disaster management agencies. SWALIM is also supporting the newly established Drought Operation and Coordination Centers with information, staffing, mapping tools, etc. Activities will include: \uf0b7 Updating the Somalia water sources database ( commonly referred to as the Somalia water sources live map ) and providing data through an online client service platform.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1310, + 1316, + "named" + ], + [ + 1405, + 1412, + "SWALIM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1723, + 1745, + "SWALIM <> reference population" + ], + [ + 2152, + 2159, + "SWALIM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 2213, + 2220, + "SWALIM <> data geography" + ], + [ + 2276, + 2306, + "SWALIM <> data type" + ], + [ + 2323, + 2341, + "SWALIM <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "46. Programmatic support will be provided to SWALIM, which is playing a vital role in the ongoing famine prevention and drought response in Somalia. For example, SWALIM is monitoring the weather parameters ( rainfall, temperature, humidity, sunshine, soil moisture ), providing weather forecasts and early warning for droughts and seasonal riverine floods, and updating water source conditions ( boreholes, reservoirs, etc. )", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SWALIM refers to a system that includes a database for monitoring water sources in Somalia, which is structured data used for analysis and decision-making.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "described as monitoring and providing service", + "not explicitly referred to as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'SWALIM' is described as a program providing vital support for famine prevention and drought response in Somalia. It focuses on monitoring weather parameters and updating water source conditions. While it might contain data, the emphasis is on its role as a monitoring system or project rather than a dataset in itself. It does not explicitly mention data being drawn from SWALIM for analysis, and thus it presents more as a management information system dedicated to certain objectives rather than a dataset that can be utilized distinctly for analysis. The model could have been confused due to the strong operational context surrounding SWALIM, which may lead one to think of it as a data source; however, it functions primarily as a project or system that collates and analyzes data rather than providing a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SWALIM is more accurately characterized as a program focused on monitoring environmental conditions rather than a dataset. It does not serve as a direct source of structured data for analysis in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 67, + "text": "To improve the ability of all stakeholders to take early action for droughts, this sub-component will: i ) support the development of community drought preparedness and response plans; ii ) strengthen weather monitoring and forecasting through the existing water and land information management system initiative ( SWALIM ); and iii ) strengthen the generation, management and dissemination of early warning data through supporting the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit ( FSNAU ). 45. To promote resilience to drought, affected communities will be engaged to develop community-level drought preparedness and response plans. Building on community-specific contexts, drought preparedness plans will guide communities on: ( i ) how to implement systems for monitoring drought impacts; ( ii ) establishing regular communication on drought conditions across communities and with monitoring agencies, and ( iii ) specific actions to take before, during and after a drought. Preparedness planning will have specific benefits for communities, including improved water management and food storage, increased drought awareness, greater protection from flooding, and reduced future livelihood losses due to protection of feed, animals, and crops from drought impacts. 46. Programmatic support will be provided to SWALIM, which is playing a vital role in the ongoing famine prevention and drought response in Somalia. For example, SWALIM is monitoring the weather parameters ( rainfall, temperature, humidity, sunshine, soil moisture ), providing weather forecasts and early warning for droughts and seasonal riverine floods, and updating water source conditions ( boreholes, reservoirs, etc. ), which facilitates targeting of migrating pastoralists for immediate and livelihood assistance. SWALIM is furthermore supporting and training land and water information centers inside the ministries, which in turn provide information to the government disaster management agencies. SWALIM is also supporting the newly established Drought Operation and Coordination Centers with information, staffing, mapping tools, etc. Activities will include: \uf0b7 Updating the Somalia water sources database ( commonly referred to as the Somalia water sources live map ) and providing data through an online client service platform.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1427, + 1433, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Programmatic support will be provided to SWALIM, which is playing a vital role in the ongoing famine prevention and drought response in Somalia. For example, SWALIM is monitoring the weather parameters ( rainfall, temperature, humidity, sunshine, soil moisture ), providing weather forecasts and early warning for droughts and seasonal riverine floods, and updating water source conditions ( boreholes, reservoirs, etc. ) , which facilitates targeting of migrating pastoralists for immediate and livelihood assistance.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "SWALIM refers to an initiative focused on water and land information management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a program providing support", + "described as monitoring weather parameters and facilitating assistance", + "not referred to as a structured data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'SWALIM' is referenced as an initiative with various roles in weather monitoring and drought response rather than as a standalone dataset. It plays a critical role in managing information related to water and land but lacks characteristics typical of a dataset, such as being a clearly defined collection of structured data for analysis. The term appears in a description that emphasizes its functions rather than presenting it as a specific, analyzable data source. This distinction is crucial; while it may involve data collection and analysis, it is primarily a program rather than a dataset itself. A model might have been confused here due to the context of data handling\u2014using terms like 'monitoring' and 'providing' could lead to the impression that it aggregates data as a dataset would. However, it is better interpreted as an initiative with broader responsibilities, thereby clarifying its role as infrastructure rather than data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SWALIM is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is described as a program and initiative focused on managing information related to water and land instead of being a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 68, + "text": "The World Bank Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery Project ( P163830 ) Page 64 of 111 \uf0b7 Monitoring daily river levels at different locations along the Juba and Shabelle rivers and providing the information on an online platform ( http: / / systems. faoso. net / frrims / ). \uf0b7 Analyzing Juba and Shabelle rivers using Very High Resolution ( VHR ) satellite images to identify the locations and size of the breakages on their banks. \uf0b7 Training community, staff and development agencies on quality data collected using georeferenced mobile data collection devices. \uf0b7 Performing remote monitoring of Cash-for-Work activities using SWALIM \u2019 s well-developed geo - spatial analytical capacity. 47. The programmatic support will enable FSNAU to monitor 32 markets across Somalia on a weekly basis, conduct monthly food security monitoring across the country, conduct seasonal and follow up food security, nutrition and mortality assessments, and deliver the training of government staff in these assessments. The support will also be used to strengthen FSNAU ' s Early Warning - Early Action database and dashboard, which was established in 2016 in order to strengthen the linkages between early warning and early action in Somalia. Sub-component 2. 5 \u2013 Project Management ( US $ 3. 46 Million ) 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 639, + 645, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\uf0b7 Training community, staff and development agencies on quality data collected using georeferenced mobile data collection devices. \uf0b7 Performing remote monitoring of Cash-for-Work activities using SWALIM \u2019 s well-developed geo - spatial analytical capacity. 47.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "SWALIM refers to a program that involves monitoring and analysis rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program for monitoring and analysis", + "described as having geo-spatial analytical capacity", + "not clearly stated as a data source or collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SWALIM' is referenced in relation to community training and remote monitoring, which suggests it functions as a project involved in analytical work rather than representing a concrete dataset. The text does not provide explicit phrasing that associates this term with being a source of structured data (e.g., 'uses data from...'). Instead, it implies that SWALIM itself is an initiative or program that leverages geo-spatial capabilities rather than housing a distinct collection of records. The confusion may arise because the capitalized form and mention of analytical capacity resemble how datasets might be described. However, when evaluated alongside the surrounding phrases, it's clear that it serves more as a program or project facilitating analysis, rather than being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, SWALIM is best viewed as a program or project involved in geo-spatial analysis rather than as a dataset. It is not identified as a concrete source of structured data, leading to the conclusion that it does not fit the criteria for being classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 68, + "text": "The World Bank Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery Project ( P163830 ) Page 64 of 111 \uf0b7 Monitoring daily river levels at different locations along the Juba and Shabelle rivers and providing the information on an online platform ( http: / / systems. faoso. net / frrims / ). \uf0b7 Analyzing Juba and Shabelle rivers using Very High Resolution ( VHR ) satellite images to identify the locations and size of the breakages on their banks. \uf0b7 Training community, staff and development agencies on quality data collected using georeferenced mobile data collection devices. \uf0b7 Performing remote monitoring of Cash-for-Work activities using SWALIM \u2019 s well-developed geo - spatial analytical capacity. 47. The programmatic support will enable FSNAU to monitor 32 markets across Somalia on a weekly basis, conduct monthly food security monitoring across the country, conduct seasonal and follow up food security, nutrition and mortality assessments, and deliver the training of government staff in these assessments. The support will also be used to strengthen FSNAU ' s Early Warning - Early Action database and dashboard, which was established in 2016 in order to strengthen the linkages between early warning and early action in Somalia. Sub-component 2. 5 \u2013 Project Management ( US $ 3. 46 Million ) 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1068, + 1105, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Early Warning - Early Action database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 15, + 22, + "Early Warning - Early Action database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 776, + 783, + "Early Warning - Early Action database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1146, + 1150, + "Early Warning - Early Action database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1320, + 1338, + "Early Warning - Early Action database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The programmatic support will enable FSNAU to monitor 32 markets across Somalia on a weekly basis, conduct monthly food security monitoring across the country, conduct seasonal and follow up food security, nutrition and mortality assessments, and deliver the training of government staff in these assessments. The support will also be used to strengthen FSNAU ' s Early Warning - Early Action database and dashboard, which was established in 2016 in order to strengthen the linkages between early warning and early action in Somalia. Sub-component 2.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Early Warning - Early Action database is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and analysis related to early warning systems in Somalia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a database but also as a system", + "described as strengthening linkages rather than direct dataset use", + "mentioned alongside a programmatic support context", + "no specific mention of it being used as a primary data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the phrase 'Early Warning - Early Action database', it is essential to consider how it is contextualized within the surrounding text. The term appears to describe a structural component of a program (i.e., a system) rather than a standalone dataset used explicitly for analysis. The term 'database' might imply it houses collected data; however, the programmatic support described in the rest of the text emphasizes its role in supporting monitoring activities, suggesting it is more of an infrastructure for managing data rather than a distinct dataset. The absence of phrases that indicate it is used directly for analysis ('uses data from', 'based on', etc.) further indicates that this might not strictly be a dataset. A model could be confused because the term is capitalized and resembles a named dataset, but the context leans towards it being a system or tool for data management rather than the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Early Warning - Early Action database' is treated more as a management information system that supports data handling and monitoring activities rather than a concrete dataset used directly in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 76, + "text": "Food and EHI is provided through the contingency stocks of the ICRC warehouses in strategic locations in Somalia, including the warehouse in Wajir, north Kenya, which is used for the transfer of food and EHI for emergency response in Gedo and northern parts of Lower Juba region in south Somalia. 25. Cash Grants: For beneficiary identification and targeting for cash distribution, the ICRC uses standard targeting and assessment tools. Basic data is complemented by community based targeting. Information is collected from the field through use of Device Magic Platform whereby ICRC field teams use tablets with Device Magic application for data collection within the assessment and monitoring, beneficiary registration and data processing / analysis. Centralized data reviewed to eliminate duplicates ( internally within the lists and across ICRC programs. For beneficiaries earmarked to be paid through mobile payment, cleaned data send to mobile providers for verification to ascertain the mobile numbers correspond with the beneficiary names. Verification process is complemented with phone calls. Common perceived risks associated with cash distributions are the possibility of inclusion of members belonging to state or non-state armed actors or", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 549, + 570, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Basic data is complemented by community based targeting. Information is collected from the field through use of Device Magic Platform whereby ICRC field teams use tablets with Device Magic application for data collection within the assessment and monitoring, beneficiary registration and data processing / analysis. Centralized data reviewed to eliminate duplicates ( internally within the lists and across ICRC programs.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "Device Magic Platform is an application used for data collection, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a platform used for data collection", + "described as an application for data collection", + "not enumerated with other datasets", + "does not represent structured data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Device Magic Platform' is clearly identified as a platform or application utilized for data collection by ICRC field teams. The surrounding text emphasizes its role in facilitating data collection rather than presenting itself as a dataset. There are signals like 'whereby ICRC field teams use tablets with Device Magic application for data collection,' which indicate that it functions as a tool. This can lead to confusion for models since it follows a mention of 'data' and appears in contexts discussing data collection processes, which can suggest it might be considered a data source. However, the term lacks the characteristics of an actual dataset, such as being structured records or compiled data ready for analysis. The emphasis is on its use as a data collection mechanism, not a repository of data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Device Magic Platform is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a data collection application rather than a structured source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 79, + "text": "The World Bank Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery Project ( P163830 ) Page 75 of 111 District Commissioner, partner NGOs, and other local stakeholders, FAO determine where response actors are operating within the district and where needs are greatest. Finally, FAO will work with NGOs and with village elders to identify specific needs at the village level, resulting in a list of individual beneficiaries. As part of this village-level targeting, FAO will ensure minimum coverage inclusion of women and women - headed households, as well as other vulnerable groups, including but not limited to elderly and handicapped individuals. 34. To facilitate beneficiary verification when collecting payments, at the time of Identification beneficiaries will be registered with biometrics ( thumbprint ) where possible, and registration into the Form Management Tool, which includes name of household focal person, village, phone number, and photographs. Biometric information and photographs will be integrated into the vouchers provided to beneficiaries that must be presented to money vendors for payment distribution. On limited occasions in highly insecure districts, FAO will authorize for biometric data not to be collected, in which case money vendors can confirm identity via the photograph. 35. Verification of beneficiary eligibility is conducted through an FAO established Call Centre, which conducts surveys of Council Members, Elders and beneficiaries by phone.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 851, + 871, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "34. To facilitate beneficiary verification when collecting payments, at the time of Identification beneficiaries will be registered with biometrics ( thumbprint ) where possible, and registration into the Form Management Tool, which includes name of household focal person, village, phone number, and photographs. Biometric information and photographs will be integrated into the vouchers provided to beneficiaries that must be presented to money vendors for payment distribution.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The 'Form Management Tool' refers to a tool used for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a tool, not as a data source", + "described as storing information but not referred to as a dataset", + "focus is on the functionality of managing data rather than being a data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Form Management Tool' serves primarily as a mechanism for managing beneficiary information, rather than as a direct source of data. It is described in a way that emphasizes its role in organizing and facilitating the collection of biometric and demographic details needed for payment distribution. There is no indication that this tool itself is a dataset; rather, it is a platform that likely employs various datasets internally to perform its function. The phrasing 'registration into the Form Management Tool' implies usage for data management without classifying it as a dataset. Thus, even though it is mentioned in an informative context that gives it prominence, it does not meet the criteria of being a standalone dataset. Confusion might arise because it has a structured name that suggests it could be data-related and appears relevant for data collection; however, it lacks the explicit characteristics that define a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Form Management Tool' is not a dataset; it acts as a tool for data management rather than a structured collection of data. It is referred to in a functional context focusing on its role in organizing beneficiary information." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 79, + "text": "Distribution of beneficiary payments will be undertaken through designated money vendor offices, which will occasionally be requested to travel and make payments directly at the targeted sites, especially when the villages are located far from the main offices, in coordination with the selected implementing partners. This approach to make payments at the village level will be used to ensure that no additional burden, such as walking or traveling to distant places, is placed upon the vulnerable populations in need of assistance. This is especially key for women who have demanding schedules due to their regular daily caretaking roles within the household, as well as their roles in processing and selling goods. In the cases where the money vendor must travel, they will be covered for the additional costs of travel, security, and delivery of payments. For other cases in which the village is not located far from the designated money vendor, FAO will provide travel allowances to the beneficiaries to collect their payments. 37. At the time of payment, verification of beneficiaries will take place through multiple, complementary approaches. Money vendors will be able to verify beneficiaries against biometrics, or through the signed beneficiary list provided by the FAO implementing partner and the Form Management Tool generated list. Integration of beneficiary photographs into the vouchers can serve as an additional verification measure, or a primary verification measure where biometric information cannot be collected.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1310, + 1330, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "At the time of payment, verification of beneficiaries will take place through multiple, complementary approaches. Money vendors will be able to verify beneficiaries against biometrics, or through the signed beneficiary list provided by the FAO implementing partner and the Form Management Tool generated list. Integration of beneficiary photographs into the vouchers can serve as an additional verification measure, or a primary verification measure where biometric information cannot be collected.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The 'Form Management Tool' refers to a tool used for managing forms and data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside verification processes", + "described as a tool for managing forms", + "not indicated as a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Form Management Tool' is referenced as a tool that assists in the verification process of beneficiaries rather than as a standalone or primary source of structured data like a dataset would be. It serves to organize and manage forms and potentially the data from these forms, but it does not directly imply an extensive collection of data typical of a dataset. The extraction model may have mistakenly identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized format and the proximity to terms relating to verification processes, which can create an impression of data handling. The proximity to 'signed beneficiary list' could also mislead one to think it is in the same vein as a dataset, especially since it is part of the verification mechanism, creating ambiguity about its role as a data-related entity versus a tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Form Management Tool' is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a tool for managing forms rather than as a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 83, + "text": "The World Bank Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery Project ( P163830 ) Page 79 of 111 groups will be led by women. Fodder production will target areas within acceptable distance from the homesteads, which ensures that women can actively participate. Financial Management 51. The ICRC headquarters is in Geneva with the ICRC Somalia operating directly under the ICRC Geneva - Financial Management Regulations June 2016 ( DIR2295REV \u2013 Appendix 1 ). The Somalia Delegation Financial management function is headed by Head of Finance and Administration supported by a team of five ( 5 ) Accountants based in in Nairobi with Finance and ten ( 10 ) Administration Assistants located in different field offices in Somalia. Additional Rules on Financial Management Delegation of Somalia \u2013 2016 are in place and they provide specific delegation of authority on financial commitments. Financial Management reporting responsibilities, staffing, functional responsibilities are documented in the various HR / FM policies and procedures. The Finance Department works in close consultation with the Logistics Department particularly in contracts management, commitment control, reconciliation of commitments balances in SUN Accounting System and the Purchasing and Stores Management System. External Finance is usually coordinated and channelled through the External Department in Geneva.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1217, + 1238, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Financial Management reporting responsibilities, staffing, functional responsibilities are documented in the various HR / FM policies and procedures. The Finance Department works in close consultation with the Logistics Department particularly in contracts management, commitment control, reconciliation of commitments balances in SUN Accounting System and the Purchasing and Stores Management System. External Finance is usually coordinated and channelled through the External Department in Geneva.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The SUN Accounting System refers to a financial management system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned alongside another system (Purchasing and Stores Management System)", + "not referred to as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'SUN Accounting System' in this context appears as part of a description of responsibilities and activities managed by different departments within an organization. The phrase suggests that the SUN Accounting System functions as a framework for financial management rather than presenting itself explicitly as a dataset. The term follows a description of various functional responsibilities and is listed alongside another system, emphasizing its role in financial management rather than data collection or analysis. A model might have been confused here due to 'SUN Accounting System' being capitalized and positioned in a manner that often aligns with how actual datasets are described (especially following terms like 'uses data from'), but the context strongly indicates it's an MIS rather than a dataset that researchers would use for empirical analysis. Additionally, it is not referenced as providing or being a direct source of data used in analysis, which is critical for a term to be considered a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SUN Accounting System' is identified as a management information system used for financial management, rather than a dataset itself. It functions more as a tool or infrastructure for managing data rather than as a concrete collection of data suitable for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 83, + "text": "The World Bank Somalia Emergency Drought Response and Recovery Project ( P163830 ) Page 79 of 111 groups will be led by women. Fodder production will target areas within acceptable distance from the homesteads, which ensures that women can actively participate. Financial Management 51. The ICRC headquarters is in Geneva with the ICRC Somalia operating directly under the ICRC Geneva - Financial Management Regulations June 2016 ( DIR2295REV \u2013 Appendix 1 ). The Somalia Delegation Financial management function is headed by Head of Finance and Administration supported by a team of five ( 5 ) Accountants based in in Nairobi with Finance and ten ( 10 ) Administration Assistants located in different field offices in Somalia. Additional Rules on Financial Management Delegation of Somalia \u2013 2016 are in place and they provide specific delegation of authority on financial commitments. Financial Management reporting responsibilities, staffing, functional responsibilities are documented in the various HR / FM policies and procedures. The Finance Department works in close consultation with the Logistics Department particularly in contracts management, commitment control, reconciliation of commitments balances in SUN Accounting System and the Purchasing and Stores Management System. External Finance is usually coordinated and channelled through the External Department in Geneva.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1247, + 1286, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Financial Management reporting responsibilities, staffing, functional responsibilities are documented in the various HR / FM policies and procedures. The Finance Department works in close consultation with the Logistics Department particularly in contracts management, commitment control, reconciliation of commitments balances in SUN Accounting System and the Purchasing and Stores Management System. External Finance is usually coordinated and channelled through the External Department in Geneva.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a management system, which is a tool or application, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management system", + "mentioned in the context of systems rather than data sources", + "not enumerated with known datasets", + "follows phrases emphasizing project or functional aspects" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Purchasing and Stores Management System' is clearly identified as a management system, which operates as a tool or application to facilitate logistics and finance processes. The mention follows a discussion about functional roles and departments within an organization, rather than focusing on data collection or datasets used for research. The phrase does not explicitly indicate that it serves as a direct source of data for analysis or reporting; instead, it is more indicative of a tool meant for operational purposes. This distinction is crucial because while the term may appear to be a collection of data, its primary association here is with management processes rather than a structured dataset. Moreover, the absence of contextual lead-ins indicating that it is used for data analysis further solidifies that it is not treated as a dataset in this context. The model may have been confused due to the term being capitalized and resembling names of systems that might house data, but without explicit evidence that it contributes data for analysis, it cannot be considered a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Purchasing and Stores Management System' is not a dataset in this context, as it is described as a management system, focusing more on functions and processes, rather than serving as a structured collection of data for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 83, + "text": "The shared services centre located in Manila Philippines performs monthly financial management quality assurance reviews, subsequently the cleared data is uploaded to ICRC Corporate Global system - JD Edwards Financial Management System / Data Warehouse. 52. The FM function in FAO Somalia is headed by Finance and Administration Officer ( Corporate Support Services Department - CSSD ). The Department is made up of Finance ( 4 staff ), HR ( 4 staff ), Logistics ( 4 ) IT ( 3 staff ) and Operations & Budget Control. The CSSD work consultatively with technical teams, External Audit and Compliance team as well as Operations Department \u2013 which coordinates corporate planning and programs implementation including liaison with donors. The Financial Management function is managed through Financial Programs Management Information Systems ( FPMIS ) seamlessly integrated to provide financial data to FAO Oracle based Global Resource Management System. The organization has field offices in Mogadishu ( South Central Somalia ), Hargeisa ( Somaliland ) and Garowe ( Puntland ). FAO has over 1, 200 framework agreements with different organizations across Somalia ( NGOs, Governments and Community Based Organizations, Professional Associations ). 53. FAO and ICRC Finance & Administration Departments in close consultation with the project technical teams in the respective organizations will take leadership in the overall responsibility in the management of the project financial management function. The two organizations will take steps to ensure the project financial management activities are integrated into the existing financial management systems. The Financial Management organizational structures and the related control environment were reviewed and found to be adequate to support the implementation of the project activities. Budgeting 54. ICRC planning and budgeting process is bottom up and culminates in a resource mobilization annual budget \u2013 \u201c Planning for Results ( PfR ), \u201d which outlines the costing and prioritized programmatic areas of interventions. The project budget shall be prepared as stipulated in ICRC Financial Regulations, in particular Section ( 6 ) of the Regulations. The budgeting process is fully integrated into the SUN accounting system budget module with well-defined budget formulation, execution and amendment controls. All budget", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 788, + 837, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The CSSD work consultatively with technical teams, External Audit and Compliance team as well as Operations Department \u2013 which coordinates corporate planning and programs implementation including liaison with donors. The Financial Management function is managed through Financial Programs Management Information Systems ( FPMIS ) seamlessly integrated to provide financial data to FAO Oracle based Global Resource Management System. The organization has field offices in Mogadishu ( South Central Somalia ), Hargeisa ( Somaliland ) and Garowe ( Puntland ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a management information system, which is a tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not referred to as a data source directly", + "provides financial data to another system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Financial Programs Management Information Systems' (FPMIS) is explicitly described as a management information system (MIS) that integrates and manages financial data. The term does not indicate that it directly functions as a dataset by itself. Instead, it serves as an infrastructure and tool for financial management, suggesting that while it deals with data, it is not a structured collection of data like a dataset would be. The confusion may arise from the term being capitalized and presented in a way that could imply it holds data, especially as it is mentioned in situational relevance to financial records. However, the phrase does not convey that it is the source of direct analytical data but rather a system that supports data reporting. Hence, it should be classified distinctly from a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a management information system, which acts as a tool for managing and integrating data rather than serving as a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 86, + "text": "In addition, the Third-Party Technical Review will focus on specific internal control reviews in respect of cash transfers in particular: ( i ) analysis and control of the database of beneficiaries and list of payments; ( ii ) review and monitoring selected payment agents / volunteers; ( iii ) cash transfers financial management arrangements, funds mechanisms and related financial reports for payment, and; ( iv ) grievance redress mechanism. The recruitment for the TPTR shall be guided by robust TOR and Risk based data Analytic Tools. 60. Conclusion: Internal controls risks are assessed as high. The risk rating is largely due to inherent risks associated with conditional and non-conditional cash transfers as well distribution of inputs / supplies ( through redeemable vouchers ) to the mass target population. Financial Reporting 61. FAO and ICRC have adequate FM systems and arrangements to provide quality and timely financial management reports. FAO and ICRC Heads of Finance at the Country offices in consultation with the technical teams and their Head Office counterpart staff shall each prepare and submit to the WB Six - Monthly Interim Unaudited Financial Reports ( IFRs ) to the World Bank no later than 45 days after the end of the reporting period. The IFRs, which shall form basis for funds flow draw down shall be prepared in content and format as shall be agreed between the WB and FAO and ICRC. During the FM assessments, it was confirmed FAO, FPMIS has the capability to be configured to support generation of the project financial reports. ICRC Sun system tracks and reports on expenditures occurred by assigned general objective code. In case a general objective is financed by several partners, the system supports customization of the project", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1470, + 1475, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The IFRs, which shall form basis for funds flow draw down shall be prepared in content and format as shall be agreed between the WB and FAO and ICRC. During the FM assessments, it was confirmed FAO, FPMIS has the capability to be configured to support generation of the project financial reports. ICRC Sun system tracks and reports on expenditures occurred by assigned general objective code.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "FPMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool used for managing financial data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a tool for generating reports, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FPMIS' is explicitly identified as a financial management information system (FMIS), which indicates its function as a tool rather than a dataset. It is discussed in terms of its role in supporting the generation of project financial reports, implying that it processes or organizes data rather than serving as a concrete collection of structured data records. This specificity suggests that the information system is not the source of raw data but rather a mechanism to handle and report on financial records. The model might have confused 'FPMIS' as a dataset due to its proper naming and usage in phrases that typically align with data sources, such as 'capability to be configured' and 'supports generation of reports.' However, these phrases reflect functionality rather than direct evidence of being a dataset. Therefore, I conclude that it does not qualify as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'FPMIS' is not considered a dataset here because it refers to a management information system that facilitates financial reporting, rather than a structured collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 95, + "text": "This makes implementation much faster. ( b ) The Procurement unit has 9 staff, 8 based in Nairobi and 1 assistant based in Somalia. The head has over 20 years of experience, including World Bank procurement procedures. The average experience for the rest of the staff is 5 years. They receive internal training on how to conduct procurement using FAO procedures. Although this Project will almost double the work load, the Procurement Unit made assures of being able to handle the additional volume of work. If necessary, more staff can easily be deployed from other units ( c ) FAO uses vendors who are in the data base and UNGM. There is no public advertisement of SPNs generally. However, sometimes FAO advertises on UNGM, to get more suppliers. Similarly, there is no contract award publication but after a while, HQ publishes on FAO website and UNGM contracts awarded. ( d ) Bidders who are not successful are informed through a letter but they are not told who was the winner and how much was the contract.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 625, + 629, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although this Project will almost double the work load, the Procurement Unit made assures of being able to handle the additional volume of work. If necessary, more staff can easily be deployed from other units ( c ) FAO uses vendors who are in the data base and UNGM. There is no public advertisement of SPNs generally.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "UNGM refers to an organization that facilitates procurement for the UN, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a basis for vendor selection, not data retrieval", + "follows a mention of a database but isn't framed as a dataset", + "described in a context of procurement rather than data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNGM' is clearly used in reference to the United Nations Global Marketplace, which is essentially a platform for procurement and vendor registration rather than a structured dataset. The phrase 'uses vendors who are in the database and UNGM' indicates that while vendors may be cataloged in UNGM, the statement centers on the operational aspect of procurement rather than indicating 'UNGM' itself is a dataset. This distinction is critical; the extracted model might have confused the name 'UNGM' for a dataset due to its context suggesting utilization of vendor data, but it does not denote a specific dataset. It behaves like a tool or system that contains data relevant to procurement needs, rather than a dataset that would be directly analyzed or referenced for structured data records. The key factors leading to this conclusion included its adjacency to terms like 'database' and its use in a sentence that emphasizes the operational use of the tool in relation to selected vendors, not data analysis or points of data retrieval.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, UNGM is not a dataset but a procurement platform; it serves as a tool for vendor management rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 99, + "text": "The ESMF will include a Pest Management Plan to ensure that livestock vaccines and medications are procured and administered in accordance with the FAO / WHO International Code on Pesticide Management. Similarly, any fishing kits procured and distributed will be vetted with the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and related technical guidelines. 96. The ESMF will also include a supervision, monitoring, and reporting plan and budget for environmental safeguards. It is expected that safeguards supervision will be incorporated into the overall TPTR contract to be financed through Sub-component 2. 5. TPTR will be supplemented by reporting from FAO-Somalia staff as well as local technical affiliates of FAO. 97. SEDRP will not allow commencement of any Component 2 civil works until the project ESMF has been disclosed publicly on the FAO and World Bank websites. The deferment of ESMF disclosure is linked to a legal covenant in the project Financing Agreement. Monitoring and Evaluation 98. Monitoring and Evaluation. The ICRC and FAO will be independently responsible for their own program monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the Project, using the Project \u2019 s results framework to issue quarterly updates on the overall project implementation and results. The ICRC and FAO will be responsible to set up a Results Monitoring System that will allow to report on the Results Framework and any related outcome and impact information for the project. 99. The Results Monitoring System for ICRC will include data from each sector: Economic Security ( EcoSec ), Water / Sanitation, and Health. The monitoring system has a two-pronged approach: 1 ) the internal data collection and analysis by the EcoSec team through regular field assessment visits and market survey that is conducted in 14 regions on a monthly basis; 2 ) the exchange with the relevant stakeholders such as SRCS, communities, local associations and NGOs, different governmental authorities at the field and central level, the UN led Food / Nutrition and Shelter clusters at the regional and central levels, including specialized", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1327, + 1352, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The ICRC and FAO will be independently responsible for their own program monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the Project, using the Project \u2019 s results framework to issue quarterly updates on the overall project implementation and results. The ICRC and FAO will be responsible to set up a Results Monitoring System that will allow to report on the Results Framework and any related outcome and impact information for the project. 99.", + "type": "monitoring system", + "explanation": "The Results Monitoring System refers to a framework for monitoring and evaluation rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a program monitoring and evaluation framework", + "described as a system to report on project results", + "not explicitly stated to contain structured data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Results Monitoring System', it is clear from the surrounding context that this refers to a tool or framework used by ICRC and FAO for monitoring and evaluating the project outcomes. The term is not used in a way that explicitly indicates it contains structured data records; rather, it serves as a mechanism to report on results, aligning itself more closely with the concept of a management information system (MIS) than a distinct dataset. While the model may have been confused due to the presence of authoritative language typically associated with data ('allows to report on'), the absence of explicit references to data storage or structured databases signals its role as a system. This suggests a potential misunderstanding from models when they see terms that sound formal and capitalized, yet lack the attributes that distinctly characterize datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Results Monitoring System' is not treated as a dataset here because it functions as a framework for monitoring project results rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "101_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-P163830-2017-05-22-CLEAN-05232017", + "page": 100, + "text": "Currently FAO M & E conducts multiple impact assessment studies for the project they implement: Baseline Surveys, Post-Distribution Assessments and Impact Assessments. The Baseline Surveys, conducted regularly, will employ a hybrid approach that uses FAO Field Monitors ( currently about 15 across Somalia ) and an independent consulting firm as a Service Provider which is contracted and overseen by FAO. The use of out-sourcing contractor will increase the study access by reaching districts that are inaccessible to FAO staff and by reaching more locations and households for studies that require a relatively high sample size. FAO Field Monitors facilitate the collection of reliable data, as well as verify the implementation of activities. Remote-sensing ( comparison of high-definition satellite images and aerial pictures to confirm execution of the rehabilitation works ), biometrics ( registers and identifies beneficiaries through digitization and recognition of their thumb-print ), GPS photography ( photographs with GPS coordinates are required from the project sites ) and a call center ( conducts beneficiary, community leaders, trader and pricing surveys on the phone; hotline that receives and records complaints as part of the accountability to affected populations including raising awareness of Protection Against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse - PSEA ) are key tools for verification and administration to ensure all beneficiaries have been reached and have received the expected support of the right quantity and quality and on time. Data generated is maintained by the Information Management Unit, which has developed a database software, the Form Management Tool ( FMT ). The Post - Distribution and Impact Assessments will assess the extent to which the program objectives of rehabilitating community level productive infrastructure, inputs, and providing cash income to improve food security has been performed. An Impact Assessment39 to evaluate the project will be conducted once all data has been analyzed, programs implemented and results validated by FAO Somalia. 39 The impact assessment report shall present the detail evaluation include key number such as Food Consumption Index, the dietary diversity score and the increase in Tropical Livestock Unit ( TLU ). The data collection will likely be using the RIMA-based questionnaire ( RIMA \u2013 Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1666, + 1686, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Remote-sensing ( comparison of high-definition satellite images and aerial pictures to confirm execution of the rehabilitation works ), biometrics ( registers and identifies beneficiaries through digitization and recognition of their thumb-print ), GPS photography ( photographs with GPS coordinates are required from the project sites ) and a call center ( conducts beneficiary, community leaders, trader and pricing surveys on the phone; hotline that receives and records complaints as part of the accountability to affected populations including raising awareness of Protection Against Sexual Exploitation and Abuse - PSEA ) are key tools for verification and administration to ensure all beneficiaries have been reached and have received the expected support of the right quantity and quality and on time. Data generated is maintained by the Information Management Unit, which has developed a database software, the Form Management Tool ( FMT ). The Post - Distribution and Impact Assessments will assess the extent to which the program objectives of rehabilitating community level productive infrastructure, inputs, and providing cash income to improve food security has been performed.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Form Management Tool is a software application used for data management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a software application for data management", + "mentioned in the context of an Information Management Unit", + "not explicitly indicated as a source of structured data in the analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Form Management Tool' is treated as a software application developed by the Information Management Unit to manage data. Although the term appears in the context of managing data, it does not explicitly refer to a collection or a structured set of data records. Models often struggle in differentiating between systems that host or process data and actual datasets due to their naming conventions and usage. The term is capitalized and looks like it could be a primary data source; however, the surrounding context clarifies its role as a tool rather than a dataset itself. The clarification that the tool 'maintains data' instead of being a dataset reiterates that it's an instrumental part of data management rather than being the dataset itself. This distinction can lead to confusion for models, as they may erroneously identify it as a true dataset when it serves a different purpose within the data infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Form Management Tool is not a dataset in this context; it is a software application used for managing data, and the text emphasizes its function rather than presenting it as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "103_Kenya-Hon-Africa-PAD-04072017", + "page": 50, + "text": "The World Bank Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project ( DRDIP ) in the Horn of Africa ( P161067 ) Page 48 of 120 Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline End Target Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Description: Direct beneficiaries are people or groups who directly derive benefits from an intervention ( i. e., children who benefit from an immunization program; families that have a new piped water connection ). Please note that this indicator requires supplemental information. Supplemental Value: Female beneficiaries ( percentage ). Based on the assessment and definition of direct project beneficiaries, specify what proportion of the direct project beneficiaries are female. This indicator is calculated as a percentage. Name: Beneficiaries of economic development activities that report an increase in income Number 0. 00 48000. 00 Yearly, MTR and EOP HH surveys; evaluation; beneficiary assessments; progress reports PIU Description: This will assess how the beneficiaries are economically faring after the project support is provided.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 904, + 907, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "00 48000. 00 Yearly, MTR and EOP HH surveys; evaluation; beneficiary assessments; progress reports PIU Description: This will assess how the beneficiaries are economically faring after the project support is provided.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "MTR refers to a Mid-Term Review, which is an assessment process rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of evaluations and assessments", + "not presented as a source of structured data", + "associated with project monitoring rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MTR' refers to 'Mid-Term Review', which is typically a project evaluation process rather than a distinct dataset. Although it appears alongside terms like 'surveys' and 'reports' that might suggest data, the very name 'MTR' connotes an evaluative process rather than a concrete data source. The context emphasizes assessments and evaluations rather than a systematic collection of numerical data. A model might have confused 'MTR' with an actual dataset as it follows terms like 'surveys' and comes in a professional report-like format, making it look like it relates to data management. However, MTR itself isn\u2019t a structured dataset but rather a mechanism for evaluation and improvement within a project framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MTR' is better understood as a process for evaluation rather than a dataset, as it is explicitly tied to assessments and not to the storage or presentation of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "103_Kenya-Hon-Africa-PAD-04072017", + "page": 93, + "text": "The World Bank Development Response to Displacement Impacts Project ( DRDIP ) in the Horn of Africa ( P161067 ) Page 91 of 120 geotagged photographs, biometric record of participation in physical labor ), and periodic audits through Independent Integrated Fiduciary and Accountability Review Agency will be required to enhance the efficiency and transparency during implementation. The PPSD further advises the establishment of a database of subprojects, micro projects, and income generation activities for the benefit of communities and knowledge sharing. The Intergovernmental Authority on Development ( IGAD ) in Eastern Africa has established a procurement unit at FDMM Regional Secretariat, Nairobi. The Procurement Unit, will be responsible for the implementation of activities that support the IGAD component. The procurement activities envisaged includes low value, low risk contracts for Goods and Consultant Services and Technical Assistance all of which would be sourced from the domestic market. Although IGAD has experience in implementing World Bank funded projects before, to augment the procurement capacity there will be need to hire an additional procurement staff at the secretariat. 47. Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ): The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays and measure procurement performance. 48.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1287, + 1291, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "47. Systematic Tracking of Exchanges in Procurement ( STEP ): The project will use STEP, a planning and tracking system, which would provide data on procurement activities, establish benchmarks, monitor delays and measure procurement performance. 48.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "STEP is a planning and tracking system used for procurement activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for planning and tracking", + "described as providing data on procurement activities", + "not presented as a concrete dataset, but as infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'STEP' is introduced as a project related to systematic tracking in procurement. It is clearly defined as a planning and tracking system, which implies its primary role is to support activities rather than being a structured dataset itself. Although it is noted to provide data on procurement activities, it does not explicitly act as a standalone dataset; rather, it serves as the infrastructure that generates or collects data. The phrase 'the project will use STEP' indicates that STEP is not merely a repository of data, but is integral to the project's operational flow. This could confuse models since the mention of 'providing data' might suggest that it's a dataset, especially because it is capitalized and presented in a prominent way, resembling proper names for data entities. However, the context clarifies that it is a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'STEP' is not a dataset but a planning and tracking system used for procurement activities; it does not represent a structured aggregate of data." + }, + { + "filename": "103_Kenya-Hon-Africa-PAD-04072017", + "page": 93, + "text": "Procurement risk assessment: A procurement capacity and risk assessment has been carried out by the World Bank for the NPIU at the Executive Office of the President and IGAD Regional Secretariat office in Nairobi who will be responsible for implementing the project at the National and Regional levels to review the organizational structure for implementing the project and the interaction between the project \u2019 s staff responsible for procurement. The assessment has been fed into the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System ( PRAMS ). Based on the assessment and taking note of the roles and responsibilities of the line ministries in carrying out procurement, the existing procurement capacity within the agencies and at community level, and the risks associated with CDD operations the procurement risk rating is considered \u201c High \u201d. 49. The key issues and risks concerning procurement for implementation of the project which include systemic weaknesses in the areas of: ( i ) procurement capacity at national and community level; ( ii ) accountability of procurement decisions especially at community level; ( iii ) Procurement delays in bid / proposal evaluation and signing of contracts; ( iv ) procurement record keeping; ( v ) capacity of procurement staff; ( vi ) procurement planning; ( vii ) procurement process administration, up to and including award of contracts; ( viii ) contract management; and ( ix ) procurement oversight. 50.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 486, + 535, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Procurement risk assessment: A procurement capacity and risk assessment has been carried out by the World Bank for the NPIU at the Executive Office of the President and IGAD Regional Secretariat office in Nairobi who will be responsible for implementing the project at the National and Regional levels to review the organizational structure for implementing the project and the interaction between the project \u2019 s staff responsible for procurement. The assessment has been fed into the Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System ( PRAMS ). Based on the assessment and taking note of the roles and responsibilities of the line ministries in carrying out procurement, the existing procurement capacity within the agencies and at community level, and the risks associated with CDD operations the procurement risk rating is considered \u201c High \u201d.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a system for managing procurement risk assessments, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing procurement risk assessments", + "describes roles in carrying out procurement, not focused on data storage", + "not explicitly stated as a source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Procurement Risk Assessment and Management System' functions more as a management information system rather than a dataset. The phrase highlights a system used to assess and manage procurement risks, implying interaction and processes rather than a collection of structured data. Although it follows the discussion of an assessment, it does not serve as a data source itself; instead, it is the infrastructure that utilizes data from various assessments. The model may have been misled by the terminology and the capitalization, which could suggest it is a proper name denoting a dataset. However, the surrounding text emphasizes the system's role in managing assessments and interacting with project structures, not as a standalone dataset. A clearer distinction was needed between the operational function of the system versus a dataset containing finite data records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is not considered a dataset because it refers to a system used for managing procurement risk assessments, rather than a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 10, + "text": "The World Bank Education Infrastructure for Resilience ( EU Facility for SuTP ) ( P162004 ) Page 9 of 86 Turkey \u2019 s total population of 76. 6 million; however, this population represents a significant percentage of the population in border provinces such as Hatay, Gaziantep, \u015eanl\u0131urfa, and Mardin. In Kilis, there are as many Syrians as Turks and in Istanbul a non-negligent ( and growing ) percentage of the population is Syrian. Most of the provinces hosting a high concentration of Syrians are already more vulnerable or disadvantaged cities in Turkey, which exacerbates the development challenges for Turkey. Figure 1 provides a visual depiction of the growing presence of Syrians throughout Turkey. Moreover, data collected by the World Bank jointly with the Government of Turkey2 ( Muhtar3 survey ) not only validates the information shown in figure 1, but it also provides more precise information on the location of Syrians at the municipal level and the ratios to the local population. Figure 1. Provincial Breakdown of Syrian Refugees in Turkey ( as of November 2016 ) Source: UNHCR, DGMM, November 20164 5. Economically disadvantaged regions in the country now host large numbers of Syrians. As shown before, provinces with large numbers of SuTP are mostly located in the southern and southeastern regions of Turkey.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 789, + 803, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Muhtar3 survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 105, + 111, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 258, + 263, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 265, + 274, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 276, + 285, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 302, + 307, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 327, + 334, + "Muhtar3 survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 549, + 555, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 697, + 703, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 737, + 747, + "Muhtar3 survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 913, + 955, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1049, + 1055, + "Muhtar3 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1073, + 1077, + "Muhtar3 survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Figure 1 provides a visual depiction of the growing presence of Syrians throughout Turkey. Moreover, data collected by the World Bank jointly with the Government of Turkey2 ( Muhtar3 survey ) not only validates the information shown in figure 1, but it also provides more precise information on the location of Syrians at the municipal level and the ratios to the local population. Figure 1.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Muhtar3 survey is a structured collection of data collected by the World Bank and the Government of Turkey, providing precise information on the location of Syrians at the municipal level.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018data collected by\u2019", + "mentioned as a survey", + "provides structured information on location and ratios" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the Muhtar3 survey is used in a way that indicates it is a structured collection of data. The phrase 'data collected by the World Bank jointly with the Government of Turkey' clearly establishes it as a data collection effort rather than merely a project or a system. It is contextualized within a sentence that highlights the data\u2019s applicability and significance (providing precise information about locations and ratios), which strongly aligns with the definition of a dataset. The mention does not suggest it is simply a project or an infrastructure, but rather a definitive survey producing valuable quantitative data. Therefore, there are clear indicators that it functions as a dataset in this context. A model might confuse it for a project name because it uses 'survey', which can imply various forms of data collection activities or projects, but due to the explicit language surrounding it and the collaborative nature of the data collection, it is valid to treat it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Muhtar3 survey is rightly classified as a dataset in this context because it is described as a structured data collection effort explicitly mentioning collaboration with established agencies, providing significant and specific data insights." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 10, + "text": "Unfortunately, the same provinces are also among the least developed in the country. As such, their capacity to absorb the large influx of SuTP is very limited, and the socioeconomic consequences of hosting SuTP have not all been positive. Some negative socioeconomic impacts are evidenced through competition over jobs, rising rents, growing demand for municipal services, and capacity distress in social services, including education and health infrastructure. 2 World Bank ( 2016 ), Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey 3 Muhtar ( headmen ) is the elected head of neighborhoods and villages in Turkey. 4 UNHCR and Directorate General for Migration Management ( DGMM ) data, November 2016, available at: http: / / reliefweb. int / sites / reliefweb. int / files / resources / RegisteredSyrianRefugees-09November16. pdf", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 587, + 609, + "named" + ], + [ + 465, + 475, + "National Muhtar Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 478, + 482, + "National Muhtar Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 528, + 562, + "National Muhtar Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 566, + 572, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 773, + 777, + "National Muhtar Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 923, + 941, + "National Muhtar Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Some negative socioeconomic impacts are evidenced through competition over jobs, rising rents, growing demand for municipal services, and capacity distress in social services, including education and health infrastructure. 2 World Bank ( 2016 ), Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey 3 Muhtar ( headmen ) is the elected head of neighborhoods and villages in Turkey. 4 UNHCR and Directorate General for Migration Management ( DGMM ) data, November 2016, available at: http: / / reliefweb.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Muhtar Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze the living conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018results from\u2019 indicating a direct usage in analysis", + "described as a structured collection of data related to living conditions", + "the context suggests it holds quantitative data regarding socioeconomic impacts" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'National Muhtar Survey' appears in a sentence that clearly indicates its role in providing data about the living conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey. The phrase 'Results from National Muhtar Survey' strongly implies that the survey data has been utilized to analyze certain socioeconomic conditions. This direct linkage helps clarify that it is being treated as a data source rather than just a project or system, as there is no further information suggesting that it merely serves as an infrastructure without providing specific data for analysis. However, there might be some confusion because the term 'survey' can imply a structured method of data collection, which could lead one to think of it as a project or tool. But since it is clearly being identified as a source of data, I conclude that it is a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Muhtar Survey' is treated as a dataset here, as it specifically provides data used to analyze socioeconomic conditions in Turkey, and is referenced in a manner that connects it directly to empirical findings." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 17, + "text": "In addition, the project will also facilitate expanding education infrastructure investments in Istanbul, Ankara, Bursa, \u0130zmir, Konya and Kayseri which host a high number of SuTP and has high concentration of out-of - school SuTP at the district level. 33. The criteria to select the twelve provinces, and locations within the provinces, included a detailed analysis of concentration of SuTP at the district level, their access to education, and population densities of SuTP compared to host communities. Based on these criteria, the selected locations represent the following conditions: a. Districts which host more than 50, 000 SuTP and with a resident population over 500, 000 ( where the ratio of SuTP versus host community creates considerable distress for existing infrastructure and service capacity ) b. Districts where the majority of school-aged SuTP reside and which currently host the highest concentration ( ratio ) of out-of-school SuTP due to very limited ( deprived ) access to education services, c. Districts where a planned change from double-shifts to single-shifts and abolishment of Temporary Education Centers are imminent, d. Districts where the appropriate public land is available and secured for construction. 34. The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria. The survey relies on the information provided by muhtars, who are the elected heads for neighborhoods and villages. They report on population related", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1438, + 1442, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MoNE refers to the Ministry of National Education, which is an organization and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project / organization, not as a data source", + "follows a reference to 'administrative data from MoNE' without specifying structured data", + "identified as a collaborative partner rather than a data repository" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MoNE' refers to the Ministry of National Education, an organization rather than a concrete dataset. While it appears alongside other sources of data, it is explicitly identified as an administrative body that contributes to the data generation or collection process rather than being a structured dataset itself. The phrase 'administrative data from MoNE' suggests that MoNE may facilitate the collection of data or oversight but does not indicate that it is a singular data repository. A model might confuse it as a dataset due to contextual cues that associate it with data sourcing and its capitalization indicating a proper name. However, distinguishing between a data-generating ministry and a concrete dataset is crucial in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MoNE' is not a dataset but rather a governmental organization responsible for education-related data, thus serving more as an entity that helps generate or oversee data rather than being a distinct data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 17, + "text": "In addition, the project will also facilitate expanding education infrastructure investments in Istanbul, Ankara, Bursa, \u0130zmir, Konya and Kayseri which host a high number of SuTP and has high concentration of out-of - school SuTP at the district level. 33. The criteria to select the twelve provinces, and locations within the provinces, included a detailed analysis of concentration of SuTP at the district level, their access to education, and population densities of SuTP compared to host communities. Based on these criteria, the selected locations represent the following conditions: a. Districts which host more than 50, 000 SuTP and with a resident population over 500, 000 ( where the ratio of SuTP versus host community creates considerable distress for existing infrastructure and service capacity ) b. Districts where the majority of school-aged SuTP reside and which currently host the highest concentration ( ratio ) of out-of-school SuTP due to very limited ( deprived ) access to education services, c. Districts where a planned change from double-shifts to single-shifts and abolishment of Temporary Education Centers are imminent, d. Districts where the appropriate public land is available and secured for construction. 34. The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria. The survey relies on the information provided by muhtars, who are the elected heads for neighborhoods and villages. They report on population related", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1447, + 1451, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "DGMM refers to an organization (Directorate General of Migration Management) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside administrative data from MoNE and NMS", + "follows phrase regarding 'various sources of available data'", + "appears to refer to an organization rather than actual data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'DGMM' is identified as the Directorate General of Migration Management, which is an organization rather than a structured dataset. This is evident from the sentence structure where 'DGMM' is listed alongside 'MoNE' (Ministry of National Education) and the National Muhtar Survey (NMS). The phrase 'various sources of available data' leads to confusion, as it implies that the terms following it might be data sources. However, both organizations mentioned (DGMM and MoNE) are not datasets themselves but rather administrative bodies which may have data. The model might confuse this reference for a dataset due to its inclusion with the others, which are capable of supplying data, and potential capitalized acronym usage resembling dataset names. The line is drawn here because DGMM is not presented in a manner indicating it is a collection of structured records.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DGMM is not a dataset in this context, as it designates an organization rather than a concrete collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 17, + "text": "In addition, the project will also facilitate expanding education infrastructure investments in Istanbul, Ankara, Bursa, \u0130zmir, Konya and Kayseri which host a high number of SuTP and has high concentration of out-of - school SuTP at the district level. 33. The criteria to select the twelve provinces, and locations within the provinces, included a detailed analysis of concentration of SuTP at the district level, their access to education, and population densities of SuTP compared to host communities. Based on these criteria, the selected locations represent the following conditions: a. Districts which host more than 50, 000 SuTP and with a resident population over 500, 000 ( where the ratio of SuTP versus host community creates considerable distress for existing infrastructure and service capacity ) b. Districts where the majority of school-aged SuTP reside and which currently host the highest concentration ( ratio ) of out-of-school SuTP due to very limited ( deprived ) access to education services, c. Districts where a planned change from double-shifts to single-shifts and abolishment of Temporary Education Centers are imminent, d. Districts where the appropriate public land is available and secured for construction. 34. The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria. The survey relies on the information provided by muhtars, who are the elected heads for neighborhoods and villages. They report on population related", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1476, + 1498, + "named" + ], + [ + 96, + 104, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 106, + 112, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 114, + 119, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 121, + 126, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 128, + 133, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 138, + 145, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 446, + 503, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1501, + 1504, + "National Muhtar Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1512, + 1515, + "National Muhtar Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1575, + 1581, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1598, + 1608, + "National Muhtar Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1719, + 1726, + "National Muhtar Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Bank team jointly with MoNE used various sources of available data to ensure all dimensions of the aforementioned criteria were addressed in the selection. Apart from administrative data from MoNE and DGMM, the team also used the National Muhtar Survey ( NMS ). The NMS was conducted in every neighborhood and village throughout Turkey, jointly by the World Bank and the Government, to ascertain the accessibility criteria.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Muhtar Survey is a structured collection of data conducted to gather information on accessibility criteria in neighborhoods and villages throughout Turkey.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'used the National Muhtar Survey'", + "described as conducted to ascertain accessibility criteria", + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "structured collection of data appears to be a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'National Muhtar Survey' is used in a context where it follows the phrase 'the team also used', indicating that it is being employed as a source of data for analysis. The subsequent description clarifies that the National Muhtar Survey was conducted specifically to gather data related to accessibility criteria throughout Turkey, suggesting that the output of this survey is a structured collection of data. Although the term 'National Muhtar Survey' could potentially be perceived as a project name or an initiative, the context emphasizes its function in providing quantitative insights. There are also no indicators suggesting it is merely an information system or infrastructure; instead, it serves as a basis for the data analysis. Thus, it is treated as a dataset in this context. A model may have been confused if it solely focused on the title's broad phrasing and potential project connotations, rather than its defined role in the ensuing analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Muhtar Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly used as a source of structured data for accessibility criteria analysis, supported by its thorough description of data collection methods and focus." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 18, + "text": "The World Bank Education Infrastructure for Resilience ( EU Facility for SuTP ) ( P162004 ) Page 17 of 86 matters ( count of SuTP ), as well as access of SuTPs to key basic services ( e. g. education, health ). The analysis of combined data sources shows that some provinces which are not among the first priority list identified by the EU, have higher concentrations ( by ratios to population or levels ) of SuTPs by districts than previously reported. 35. Locations have been ranked and prioritized according to their level of deprivation in access to education to inform the selection of project sites for school construction. Deprivation in access to education has been assessed through a National Muhtar Survey conducted in every neighborhood and village of the country. In each location, muhtars who are the elected heads for neighborhoods and villages have reported on and rated Syrian refugees \u2019 access to education. This unique information has allowed the ranking of all locations in the country and produce an informed list of prioritized locations for better need-based targeting. This analysis shows that some provinces which are not among the first priority list identified by the EU, there is higher concentration of refugees by district. The top 5 percent districts with the highest concentration of SuTP are listed in Annex 4. 36.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 693, + 715, + "named" + ], + [ + 227, + 248, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 886, + 901, + "National Muhtar Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Locations have been ranked and prioritized according to their level of deprivation in access to education to inform the selection of project sites for school construction. Deprivation in access to education has been assessed through a National Muhtar Survey conducted in every neighborhood and village of the country. In each location, muhtars who are the elected heads for neighborhoods and villages have reported on and rated Syrian refugees \u2019 access to education.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Muhtar Survey is a structured collection of data that assesses access to education for Syrian refugees, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey that assesses deprivation in access to education", + "implies collection of structured data reported by muhtars", + "follows phrases indicating assessment of education access levels" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Muhtar Survey' clearly functions as a structured collection of data focused on assessing educational access among Syrian refugees. The mention directly describes a survey that generates metrics on deprivation levels, indicating that it involves systematic data collection and reporting. While a project or system might generate such data, the term here is framed as the mechanism used to obtain specific metrics for analysis. The phrase \u2018conducted in every neighborhood and village of the country\u2019 supports the notion that this is a comprehensive dataset focused on a particular demographic. There could be confusion if 'National Muhtar Survey' were seen as a general project name without direct implications of structured data; however, the focus on assessment and systematic collection leads us to categorize it as a dataset in this particular case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Muhtar Survey is treated as a dataset here because it is described as a systematic survey that collects structured data about educational access, specifically indicating that it involves the reporting of metrics by community leaders." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 21, + "text": "Therefore, MoNE has acquired the experience and capacity to implement the project and scale up its infrastructure capacity. ( b ) Turkey \u2019 s regulations and codes for structural design and seismic safety are well developed and applying those would avoid the creation of new risks and improve resilience in education facilities. ( c ) Project design and location selection is based on thorough analysis of quality education needs of SuTP at the provincial and community levels. Increasing education facilities \u2019 capacity is a major expressed need, as well as the support mechanisms to encourage SuTP children and youth to remain in school. ( d ) The prioritization of education facilities to be constructed was done by MoNE during project preparation and is in line with the findings of the World Bank-Government \u2019 s joint Muhtar survey ( formally titled \u2018 Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey \u2019 ), which identifies localities where access to education is most stringent. ( e ) As learned from other country examples ( for example, the Syrian response in Jordan and Lebanon ), the geographical proximity of construction sites to communities experiencing fast growth due to intake of displaced populations provides useful criteria for education access expansion. Thus, the design and prioritization of investment packages seek to maximize efficient usage by the careful selection of locations to construct new or expanded education facilities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 822, + 835, + "named" + ], + [ + 130, + 136, + "Muhtar survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 432, + 436, + "Muhtar survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 790, + 811, + "Muhtar survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Increasing education facilities \u2019 capacity is a major expressed need, as well as the support mechanisms to encourage SuTP children and youth to remain in school. ( d ) The prioritization of education facilities to be constructed was done by MoNE during project preparation and is in line with the findings of the World Bank-Government \u2019 s joint Muhtar survey ( formally titled \u2018 Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey \u2019 ), which identifies localities where access to education is most stringent. ( e ) As learned from other country examples ( for example, the Syrian response in Jordan and Lebanon ), the geographical proximity of construction sites to communities experiencing fast growth due to intake of displaced populations provides useful criteria for education access expansion.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Muhtar survey is a structured collection of data that identifies localities where access to education is most stringent, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside the World Bank-Government's joint Muhtar survey", + "described with findings relevant to education access analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Muhtar survey' appears alongside a specific description that ties it directly to the identification of localities and educational access issues. Furthermore, it is part of a collaborative effort ('World Bank-Government') which reinforces its credibility as a systematic collection of data rather than just a project name. The phrasing 'where access to education is most stringent' indicates that the survey is providing valuable insights derived from collected data, suggesting that it is indeed functioning as a dataset here. Confusion may arise for models because 'Muhtar survey' has the structure of a project title, and it could also be mistakenly interpreted as a collection tool or system. However, the context emphasizes its role as a source of data, which supports categorizing it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Muhtar survey' functions as a dataset in this context because it explicitly provides structured findings used for analysis, particularly regarding education access, thereby supporting its classification as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 21, + "text": "Therefore, MoNE has acquired the experience and capacity to implement the project and scale up its infrastructure capacity. ( b ) Turkey \u2019 s regulations and codes for structural design and seismic safety are well developed and applying those would avoid the creation of new risks and improve resilience in education facilities. ( c ) Project design and location selection is based on thorough analysis of quality education needs of SuTP at the provincial and community levels. Increasing education facilities \u2019 capacity is a major expressed need, as well as the support mechanisms to encourage SuTP children and youth to remain in school. ( d ) The prioritization of education facilities to be constructed was done by MoNE during project preparation and is in line with the findings of the World Bank-Government \u2019 s joint Muhtar survey ( formally titled \u2018 Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey \u2019 ), which identifies localities where access to education is most stringent. ( e ) As learned from other country examples ( for example, the Syrian response in Jordan and Lebanon ), the geographical proximity of construction sites to communities experiencing fast growth due to intake of displaced populations provides useful criteria for education access expansion. Thus, the design and prioritization of investment packages seek to maximize efficient usage by the careful selection of locations to construct new or expanded education facilities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 957, + 979, + "named" + ], + [ + 130, + 136, + "National Muhtar Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 432, + 436, + "National Muhtar Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 790, + 811, + "National Muhtar Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Increasing education facilities \u2019 capacity is a major expressed need, as well as the support mechanisms to encourage SuTP children and youth to remain in school. ( d ) The prioritization of education facilities to be constructed was done by MoNE during project preparation and is in line with the findings of the World Bank-Government \u2019 s joint Muhtar survey ( formally titled \u2018 Mapping Location and Living Conditions of Syrians under Temporary Protection in Turkey: Results from National Muhtar Survey \u2019 ), which identifies localities where access to education is most stringent. ( e ) As learned from other country examples ( for example, the Syrian response in Jordan and Lebanon ), the geographical proximity of construction sites to communities experiencing fast growth due to intake of displaced populations provides useful criteria for education access expansion.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National Muhtar Survey is a structured collection of data that identifies localities where access to education is most stringent, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018findings of the World Bank-Government\u2019s joint Muhtar survey\u2019", + "identified as a formal title of a data collection", + "describes findings that support structured analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'National Muhtar Survey' appears after the phrase 'findings of the World Bank-Government's joint Muhtar survey', indicating that it produces or contains data relevant to localities and education access. The formal title provided also implies a structured collection of data. While there might be instances where projects or systems are mentioned that house data rather than the data itself, in this case, it is clear that the survey is being treated as a data source for analysis. The phrase 'identifies localities where access to education is most stringent' clarifies its role as a dataset. There is minimal confusion here, primarily because it is clearly described as the source of analyzed findings.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Muhtar Survey' operates as a dataset in this context, as it provides structured data necessary for analysis regarding localities and education access." + }, + { + "filename": "104_PAD2161-PUBLIC-P162004", + "page": 25, + "text": "The PIU will collect data for results indicators from the field through its provincial directorates and by outsourcing as needed, monitor the quality of data collection, and evaluate results. Consequently, the PIU will review and verify the data and evaluate results before including these results in reports to be sent to the World Bank. If deemed necessary by the ministry, the PIU may receive support from externally hired M & E specialists to ensure quality monitoring and reporting up to par with the standards of the World Bank and those of the EU. The incremental costs for the project M & E arrangements will be part of Component 3 \u2018 Project Management \u2019. 61. A guideline on collecting and evaluating indicators and appropriate reporting templates will be included in the POM. The progress on meeting these indicators and the evaluation of the data will be provided in the Project Progress Reports ( PPRs ) ( quarterly information notes ), submitted quarterly by MoNE. The PPR will be transmitted by the PIU to the World Bank which is responsible for the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 881, + 905, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A guideline on collecting and evaluating indicators and appropriate reporting templates will be included in the POM. The progress on meeting these indicators and the evaluation of the data will be provided in the Project Progress Reports ( PPRs ) ( quarterly information notes ), submitted quarterly by MoNE. The PPR will be transmitted by the PIU to the World Bank which is responsible for the", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "Project Progress Reports are documents summarizing project progress and evaluations, not structured collections of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as reports summarizing project progress", + "submitted quarterly by MoNE", + "not indicated as a quantitative data source", + "focused on evaluation rather than raw data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Project Progress Reports' refers to documents that summarize the progress and evaluations related to project indicators, rather than a structured collection of data. The description emphasizes that they are 'quarterly information notes' submitted by the Ministry of National Education (MoNE), highlighting that these are not structured datasets but rather higher-level summaries or evaluations of project progress. The text provides clear context that PPRs do not serve as a direct data source but as a reporting tool. The model might have confused this mention for a dataset due to its formal name and the connection to data evaluation; however, the context indicates they are informational documents, not raw data collections. The project reports may seem like a formalized structure akin to a database holding data, but they primarily function as summaries and evaluations from which secondary data can be derived rather than serving as a dataset themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Project Progress Reports' are not a dataset; they are documents summarizing project progress and evaluations, lacking structured data characteristics." + }, + { + "filename": "105_Mali-Reinsertion-of-Ex-combatants-Project", + "page": 28, + "text": "In addition, the TDRP-commissioned analytical research on DDR has been used to inform specific programming on reinsertion component of this project. 26 As such, there is a strong emphasis the design and delivery of skills training, and start-up on information management ( e. g., identification, verification, recording of personal data, mapping of livelihood opportunities ) based on the learning and experiences gained from the Information, Counseling and Referral System utilized during the Pilot Reintegration project as part of South Sudan DDR Program, and which is currently being used as part of the DDR III in DRC. 65. The project \u2019 s technical design has been informed by two recent assessments commissioned by the World Bank. These include an assessment that investigated the prevailing trends as regards to profile, concerns and interests, as well as social and educational background of future beneficiaries, and a market analysis on the cost of reinsertion activities, including start-up kits and training costs, in northern regions of Mali. Further, the project design draws on lessons generated from interventions in similar post-conflict environments. A number of countries in Africa and elsewhere have implemented DDR programs that focus on reinsertion as a form of socio-economic assistance to provide skills to ex-combatants transitioning into civilian life. Based on the lessons, the project aims at providing necessary start-up support to beneficiaries, while establishing long-term socio-economic reinsertion by linking ex-combatant beneficiaries with recovery and development programs in Mali. The project has benefitted from the experience to date in implementing reinsertion assistance in Burundi, Colombia, Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Uganda, and South Sudan. 26 These include Associations of Demobilized Combatants in DRC: Local Dynamics and Internal Synergies ( 2011 ), Rumors of Peace, Whispers of War ( 2012 ), Empowerment of Socio-economic Associations in LRA-affected areas ( 2013 ); Making Vocational Training Work in DDR ( 2013 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 430, + 473, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "g. , identification, verification, recording of personal data, mapping of livelihood opportunities ) based on the learning and experiences gained from the Information, Counseling and Referral System utilized during the Pilot Reintegration project as part of South Sudan DDR Program, and which is currently being used as part of the DDR III in DRC. 65.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term refers to a system used for information management rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system utilized during a project", + "context refers to processes related to a project and not data analysis", + "not presented as a concrete data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given empirical context, the 'Information, Counseling and Referral System' is described as a system utilized within the framework of a project (the Pilot Reintegration project) rather than a dataset containing structured records suitable for analysis. The text emphasizes its role in processes like identification, verification, and mapping of opportunities. It does not position the system as a data source per se, but rather as a tool that aids in the project's operations. The presence of 'used as part of' signals it serves a functional role in the project rather than standing alone as a dataset. This could confuse models as it is named in a formal manner, and the capitalization might suggest it is an established data entity; however, context shows that it acts more like a management information system without explicitly serving as a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Information, Counseling and Referral System' is not treated as a dataset but as a management information system associated with project operations." + }, + { + "filename": "105_Mali-Reinsertion-of-Ex-combatants-Project", + "page": 48, + "text": "The M & E unit will serve to: ( i ) improve project management; ( ii ) ensure transparency in project data sharing with various stakeholders; ( iii ) ensure efficiency of the activities; ( iv ) provide accurate and timely information to adjust or modify the activities in relation to the evolution of the context during implementation; and ( v ) provide accurate and timely information to help management take the right decisions. The PIU M & E Specialist will be responsible for the overall M & E activities, and the implementing partners will be responsible with providing the necessary information, data, and reports from the field. The PIU will be supported by the coordination mechanisms as outlined in the Peace Agreement with regards to monitoring, implementation and performance of the overall DDR program. 56. The M & E unit of the PIU will produce monthly, quarterly, and annual project activity reports. These reports will be available electronically to facilitate access to the various government partners and donors. Ad hoc assessments and needs-based studies conducted will include formal assessments on the demobilization process and regular qualitative and quantitative tracer beneficiary surveys. A mid-term review and final implementation report will be conducted in collaboration with donors and government. During the project Mid-Term Review, progress towards achieving the PDOs will be evaluated and remedial action will be taken as needed. 57. It is essential that information on all beneficiaries is captured during the cantonment process, securely stored, and subsequently utilized to inform project implementation. To that end, beneficiaries and project implementation progress and effectiveness will be monitored through a well-functioning DDR MIS. The MIS will support M & E activities through several databases to monitor: ( i ) ex-combatants from cantonment to reinsertion; ( ii ) reinsertion support provided by implementing partners; and ( iii ) financial management. The MIS will provide data on", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1766, + 1773, + "named" + ], + [ + 1857, + 1870, + "DDR MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1910, + 1963, + "DDR MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It is essential that information on all beneficiaries is captured during the cantonment process, securely stored, and subsequently utilized to inform project implementation. To that end, beneficiaries and project implementation progress and effectiveness will be monitored through a well-functioning DDR MIS. The MIS will support M & E activities through several databases to monitor: ( i ) ex-combatants from cantonment to reinsertion; ( ii ) reinsertion support provided by implementing partners; and ( iii ) financial management.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The DDR MIS is a structured collection of data used to monitor various aspects of the DDR program, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that supports M & E activities", + "not explicitly enumerated with other datasets", + "described as a tool rather than a standalone data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'DDR MIS', I noted that it is referred to as a management information system (MIS) that supports monitoring and evaluation (M & E) activities through various databases. The context does not explicitly identify it as a primary data source, but rather indicates its role as a supporting system for managing beneficiary information and project effectiveness. While it may contain data, it is functioning as an infrastructure or tool, and thus is not treated as a dataset in this context. The confusion might arise from the model associating 'MIS' with structured data due to the terms 'monitoring' and 'databases', without distinguishing that it is describing the system itself and not a distinct dataset. There are no phrases like 'uses data from' that directly relate the MIS to being used as a dataset nor is it listed among other data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DDR MIS' is not considered a dataset but rather a management information system that serves as a tool to support the collection and use of beneficiary data for project implementation." + }, + { + "filename": "105_Mali-Reinsertion-of-Ex-combatants-Project", + "page": 80, + "text": "This review will validate the proposed reinsertion process or modify it if necessary. A final implementation report will be prepared within six months after the end of the project and include the contribution of the Government and donors. 81. Furthermore, M & E will include a MIS combining several robust databases to: ( i ) monitor each demobilized ex-combatant from demobilization through reinsertion, ( ii ) follow the implementing partners providing reinsertion support, and ( iii ) monitor the financial management. The various regional offices and the cantonment camps will be connected to the MIS via a wireless connection and data will be transmitted on a regular basis. The data will be centralized in Bamako and synchronized at each office to minimize any possible duplication.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 277, + 280, + "named" + ], + [ + 339, + 363, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 712, + 718, + "MIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "81. Furthermore, M & E will include a MIS combining several robust databases to: ( i ) monitor each demobilized ex-combatant from demobilization through reinsertion, ( ii ) follow the implementing partners providing reinsertion support, and ( iii ) monitor the financial management. The various regional offices and the cantonment camps will be connected to the MIS via a wireless connection and data will be transmitted on a regular basis.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS refers to a structured collection of data used to monitor and manage the reinsertion process, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not treated as a concrete data source", + "functions as infrastructure for data management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS' is explicitly referred to as a management information system, which implies that it serves as an infrastructure to manage and process data rather than representing a specific dataset itself. Phrases like 'combining several robust databases' indicate that the MIS is a system that organizes and handles data from various sources rather than being a standalone dataset containing structured records. The confusion may arise because the term \u2018MIS\u2019 appears in a context where it directly mentions data monitoring, which could lead one to infer that it behaves like a dataset. However, it is more correctly categorized as a system that enables data collection and management. The model might have flagged it as a dataset due to its mention alongside concrete database activities, but fundamentally it is about facilitating data operations rather than being a dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' is characterized as a management information system rather than a dataset in this context, as it functions to manage and integrate data from other databases." + }, + { + "filename": "105_Mali-Reinsertion-of-Ex-combatants-Project", + "page": 80, + "text": "This review will validate the proposed reinsertion process or modify it if necessary. A final implementation report will be prepared within six months after the end of the project and include the contribution of the Government and donors. 81. Furthermore, M & E will include a MIS combining several robust databases to: ( i ) monitor each demobilized ex-combatant from demobilization through reinsertion, ( ii ) follow the implementing partners providing reinsertion support, and ( iii ) monitor the financial management. The various regional offices and the cantonment camps will be connected to the MIS via a wireless connection and data will be transmitted on a regular basis. The data will be centralized in Bamako and synchronized at each office to minimize any possible duplication.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 601, + 604, + "named" + ], + [ + 339, + 363, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 712, + 718, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 841, + 859, + "MIS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Furthermore, M & E will include a MIS combining several robust databases to: ( i ) monitor each demobilized ex-combatant from demobilization through reinsertion, ( ii ) follow the implementing partners providing reinsertion support, and ( iii ) monitor the financial management. The various regional offices and the cantonment camps will be connected to the MIS via a wireless connection and data will be transmitted on a regular basis. The data will be centralized in Bamako and synchronized at each office to minimize any possible duplication.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a management information system that combines several robust databases to monitor various aspects of the reinsertion process, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as a system rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a management information system rather than a standalone dataset. The text elaborates on its functions, such as monitoring demobilized ex-combatants, providing support, and financial management, pointing to its role as a system designed to aggregate and manage information instead of being a specific dataset. It emphasizes the operational aspect of MIS, including wireless connections and data synchronization among offices, which is more indicative of its function as an information system than as a concrete dataset. The model might have been confused because 'MIS' is capitalized and appears in a context where it seems integral to data control, leading it to interpret it as a data source. However, the overall language implies that it serves a broader infrastructural purpose.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MIS' in this context refers to a management information system that manages and organizes data from various sources, rather than being a specific dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 11, + "text": "Inequalities measured by the Gini index increased at national level ( from 43. 5 percent in 2006 to 46. 3 percent in 2012 ) and in rural areas, confirming that economic growth was insufficient to pull people out of poverty, thus the need to be complemented by targeted interventions. 4. While access to health and education had improved, malnutrition remains a serious threat to human development and is on the rise again. In 2010 ( Demographic and Health Survey ), 58 percent of children between six and 59 months of age were reported stunted ( low height-for-age, an indicator of chronic malnutrition ) while in 2014, the estimated rate remained 49 1 Burundi \u2013 Fragility Assessment Note \u2013 March 2016 2 67. 1 percent in 2006 and 64. 9 percent in 2014 3 Burundi is divided into 18 provinces, 129 communes and 2, 638 collines, which are equivalent to large villages ( with an average of 535 households ). 4 In October 2016, there were over 315, 000 Burundian refugees mostly in Tanzania and Rwanda ( UNHCR, http: / / data. unhcr. org / burundi / regional. php )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 433, + 462, + "named" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 426, + 430, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 480, + 521, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 614, + 618, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 754, + 761, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "While access to health and education had improved, malnutrition remains a serious threat to human development and is on the rise again. In 2010 ( Demographic and Health Survey ), 58 percent of children between six and 59 months of age were reported stunted ( low height-for-age, an indicator of chronic malnutrition ) while in 2014, the estimated rate remained 49 1 Burundi \u2013 Fragility Assessment Note \u2013 March 2016 2 67. 1 percent in 2006 and 64.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019 as implied by context", + "described as containing indicators of health and demographic", + "frequently referenced in research contexts" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' refers to an established and recognized dataset that collects structured data on health and demographic indicators. The phrase follows the discussion about health and education improvements, indirectly suggesting that the survey provides data relevant to the claims made. It is common for such surveys to be referenced when discussing trends in health statistics, which further supports the interpretation of it as a dataset. Although some might confuse it with a project or system due to its name, the prominent use in empirical analysis leans towards it being seen as a concrete source of data rather than merely a collection mechanism. The model may have viewed it as a dataset because it aligns with conventions for citing structured data sources, which are plentiful in research discussions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' behaves as a dataset mention, as it is implied to provide structured data on health and demographic indicators relevant to the discussion." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 13, + "text": "3 Poverty, Food insecurity and Malnutrition 6. An estimated 60 percent of Burundians were living below the food consumption poverty line prior to the current crisis ( Vulnerability assessment, 2014, based on the PMS data from 2012-13 ) 5 and an estimated 40 percent faced extreme deprivation. Large families with a high dependency index ( especially single parent families ) are less likely to satisfy their basic food needs, particularly if the head of household works in agriculture. Regionally, the highest levels of deprivation are found in the North ( despite improvements in Ngozi and Kirundo ) and in the Center East ( especially in Mwaro and Cankuso ). In both regions, multiple deprivations affect up to 75 percent of households. On the other hand, food deprivation is lower in urban areas ( 48 percent ) and in the capital Bujumbura ( 41 percent ). 7. Burundi was the most food insecure country in the world in 2013 and food insecurity is increasing again as a result of the current political and climate crisis. The majority of the poor ( 97 percent ) reside in rural areas, depend on rain-fed low-input agriculture on very small farms ( 87 percent of poor households cultivate less than \u00bd ha ), and are highly vulnerable to climate shocks.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 212, + 220, + "named" + ], + [ + 74, + 84, + "PMS data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 193, + 197, + "PMS data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 226, + 233, + "PMS data <> reference year" + ], + [ + 581, + 586, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 591, + 598, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 612, + 623, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 640, + 645, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 650, + 657, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 833, + 842, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 862, + 869, + "PMS data <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 Poverty, Food insecurity and Malnutrition 6. An estimated 60 percent of Burundians were living below the food consumption poverty line prior to the current crisis ( Vulnerability assessment, 2014, based on the PMS data from 2012-13 ) 5 and an estimated 40 percent faced extreme deprivation. Large families with a high dependency index ( especially single parent families ) are less likely to satisfy their basic food needs, particularly if the head of household works in agriculture.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMS data refers to a structured collection of data used for analysis regarding poverty and food insecurity in Burundi.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as data from a specific year", + "specifically mentions poverty analysis context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMS data' appears to represent a structured dataset as it is mentioned explicitly in conjunction with the phrase 'based on'. This indicates that the analysis of poverty and food insecurity leverages this specific dataset. The year annotation (2012-13) lends further credence to it being a defined set of records. While 'PMS' may stand for a project or system based on its nomenclature, the context suggests it has housing structured data regarding poverty measures, indicating it functions as a dataset for this analysis. Thus, the model wisely extracted it as a dataset based on its clear usage and associations. However, confusion could arise if the term were interpreted solely as a project or system, leading to uncertainty about whether it qualifies as a dataset in a broader sense. In this context, it is clear that it is treated as a specific collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'PMS data' is treated as a dataset here because it is specifically used as the basis for analysis regarding poverty and food insecurity, following the phrase 'based on' and indicating it contains pertinent structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 21, + "text": "11 extreme poor for the purpose of the cash transfer program and its complementary activities. However, its ultimate function is to serve as the basis for a registry of extreme poor households for targeted key programs of the NSPS, and for the targeted complementary interventions of CNPS member ministries. 37. The development of the database will take place in phases, according to the availability of poverty information, and the implementation of the cash transfer program. Initially, for the purpose of identifying potential beneficiaries of the cash transfer program, four provinces were selected on the basis of their monetary poverty rate ( ECBM 2013 / 14 ) and chronic malnutrition rates ( DHS 2010 ) and included Gitega, Karuzi, Kirundo and Ruyigi. The selection at communes, collines, and household-level is described in Box 3. 38. As part of the registration process, the project will assess whether potential transfer recipients in beneficiary households have national ID cards12. ID cards are required for mobile phone registration so if transfer recipients do not have an ID, the project will provide them with support to obtain one. The project may issue them temporary program cards for the first payment and the initial complementary activities \u2019 sessions. If necessary, the Project will coordinate with the Ministry of Interior for the provision of national identity cards. 39.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 699, + 702, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The development of the database will take place in phases, according to the availability of poverty information, and the implementation of the cash transfer program. Initially, for the purpose of identifying potential beneficiaries of the cash transfer program, four provinces were selected on the basis of their monetary poverty rate ( ECBM 2013 / 14 ) and chronic malnutrition rates ( DHS 2010 ) and included Gitega, Karuzi, Kirundo and Ruyigi. The selection at communes, collines, and household-level is described in Box 3.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are surveys rather than structured datasets.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "referred to as a survey, not a database", + "relevant to selection criteria for beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' refers specifically to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are widely recognized as survey tools rather than structured datasets. Although it is mentioned alongside other indicators like the ECBM poverty rate, it does not function as a dataset in the sense of being a repository of records or data points in a structured format. The phrase 'DHS 2010' suggests it is a specific instance of survey data but does not imply that it is a continuous dataset like a database would be. The model might have identified it as a dataset because it appears in a context related to data selection and analysis, but it lacks the defining characteristics of a dataset, such as being a structured collection of records. Therefore, it should not be treated the same as a proper dataset. Overall, the mention of 'DHS' does not align with the traditional characteristics associated with datasets, especially in the context of this analysis, as it is explicitly a survey result instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' is not a dataset but rather a reference to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are surveys, thus lacking the characteristics of a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 21, + "text": "This sub-component will also support the background analysis for the implementation of the database and the targeting process \u2013 development of poverty and malnutrition maps, community-based targeting criteria and processes, registry questionnaire, proxy-means test analysis; the organization of and support to the different committees involved in the targeting and registration, the implementation of the PMT survey, storage and analysis of the data as well as the preparation of beneficiary lists for the cash transfer program. It will also support the development of the corresponding database and management information systems related to the registry and the targeting ( hardware, software, back-up equipment ). Finally, it will support potential additional activities to ensure that transfer recipients are aware of the requirements and supporting documents to obtain national ID cards. 12 Based on the experience of the Terintanbwe pilot, it is expected that up to 30 percent of expected transfer recipients may not have an ID.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 405, + 415, + "named" + ], + [ + 143, + 172, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 174, + 222, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 248, + 273, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 480, + 497, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 788, + 807, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This sub-component will also support the background analysis for the implementation of the database and the targeting process \u2013 development of poverty and malnutrition maps, community-based targeting criteria and processes, registry questionnaire, proxy-means test analysis; the organization of and support to the different committees involved in the targeting and registration, the implementation of the PMT survey, storage and analysis of the data as well as the preparation of beneficiary lists for the cash transfer program. It will also support the development of the corresponding database and management information systems related to the registry and the targeting ( hardware, software, back-up equipment ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMT survey is a structured collection of data used for analysis related to targeting and registration processes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey for analysis", + "supports the analysis related to targeting and registration", + "part of a structured effort for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the text, 'PMT survey' is associated with structured data collection that informs targeting and registration processes. The term follows directly after references to data collection and analysis, indicating that it is part of a process to gather and analyze data. Given that surveys typically form the basis for collecting quantitative information and this is explicitly described as a component for analysis, it is appropriate to treat 'PMT survey' as a dataset in this context. A potential confusion could arise from its association with a broader framework that includes databases and management information systems; however, it is clearly distinguished in its purpose to collect data. Therefore, it is seen as a dataset rather than merely a project name or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The PMT survey is treated as a dataset here because it refers to a structured data collection effort aimed at analysis, and it is explicitly linked to the targeting and registration processes." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 22, + "text": "12 Sub-component 2. 2. Core modules of the Management Information System ( US $ 1. 5 million equivalent ) 40. This sub-component will support the development of basic core modules of the Management Information System to support the delivery mechanisms of a basic social safety net system. These modules will be developed for the cash transfer program and will use a unique individual identification number for each beneficiary. They will include key social program Box 3: The selection at communes, collines, and household-level Based on the poverty map, the registry will start in the four communes with the highest estimated rural poverty rate in each province ( Gitega: Bugendana, Buraza, Gitega, and Itaba; Karusi: Bugenyuzi, Gihogazi, Mutumba, and Nyabikere; Kirundo: Bugabira, Busoni, Kirundo, and Ntega; and Ruyigi: Butagwanza, Butezi, Bweru, and Gisuru ). The 16 selected communes are sub-divided in 2 to 5 zones and include on average 26 collines ( between 11 and 43 ) with an average of 535 households ( between 130 and 1, 400 ) per colline.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 43, + 72, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. Core modules of the Management Information System ( US $ 1. 5 million equivalent ) 40.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system for managing information rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project/system, not as a data source", + "capitalized as a proper term but refers to an infrastructure", + "does not provide any indication of specific datasets or data records contained" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'Management Information System' refers to a system designed to manage information, focusing on functionality rather than directly referencing a dataset. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' signifies that it's not treated as a data source in a research context. Capitalization suggests it's a formal term or project name, yet it doesn't imply it directly contains structured data. The potential confusion may arise from how the term sounds like it could represent a data resource, but here it is explicitly about the system itself. This demonstrates how automated extraction could misinterpret proper nouns associated with information systems as datasets due to their structure and presentation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' is not a dataset in this context because it describes an infrastructure or tool rather than a specific collection of data used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 23, + "text": "The focus on citizens \u2019 engagement includes a robust grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ). The grievance redress mechanism would track grievances linked to targeting, receipt of transfers and implementation of the complementary activities. It will use several mechanisms: in - person complaints to program commune focal point, SMS-based system to a third-party grievance manager ( conditional on finding a trusted and competent agent ), boxes at the colline-level in the care of a civil society organization, possibly a hotline at central-level. Complaints received through SMS, phone or boxes will be logged in the MIS. A results indicator to track the progress of the implementation of the GRM system has been included in the results framework. Subcomponent 2. 3: Monitoring and evaluation ( US $ 2. 8 million equivalent ) 43. Since the project is supporting new interventions and processes in Burundi, and in order to ensure transparency, the third sub-component will support process evaluations of the key program processes and an impact evaluation including beneficiary surveys. The process evaluations will focus on the core operational processes: targeting, payment, delivery of complementary activities. The process evaluation in the first phase communes will inform the expansion in the second phase but also provide key input in the design of the operating processes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 615, + 618, + "named" + ], + [ + 13, + 21, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 326, + 342, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 622, + 639, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 895, + 902, + "MIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will use several mechanisms: in - person complaints to program commune focal point, SMS-based system to a third-party grievance manager ( conditional on finding a trusted and competent agent ), boxes at the colline-level in the care of a civil society organization, possibly a hotline at central-level. Complaints received through SMS, phone or boxes will be logged in the MIS. A results indicator to track the progress of the implementation of the GRM system has been included in the results framework.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS refers to a structured collection of data used to log grievances and track the implementation of the grievance redress mechanism.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that logs data", + "system mentioned as part of a broader set of grievance mechanisms", + "the focus is on the logging of complaints rather than the data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is clearly identified as a management information system that logs grievances. While the system collects and organizes data, it is not itself a dataset but rather the infrastructure that enables data collection. The phrase 'logged in the MIS' indicates that it functions as a tool or system to manage data rather than being a standalone dataset. The confusion could arise from the fact that it holds structured data and is capitalized as a proper noun, giving it an appearance similar to datasets mentioned later in research. However, without explicit indications that the MIS itself is the primary source of structured data, it aligns more with a description of an information system assisting in data logging than being treated as a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that serves as a tool for logging grievances. It collects data but does not represent a concrete dataset in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 28, + "text": "Results Monitoring and Evaluation 55. Monitoring and evaluation is a key element of the Project, because it provides the regular assessment of the Project \u2019 s performance to the Government, the World Bank and other development partners. In this Project, a core focus of both Component 1 and Component 2 is to build the capacity of the Government of Burundi to monitor its own programs in the Social Protection ( SP ) sector. The proposed Project includes a series of monitoring and evaluation activities for the cash transfer program. These include: process evaluations; regular spot checks and beneficiary surveys to evaluate the quality of implementation, the efficiency of the targeting and payment processes, and the overall satisfaction with the program; impact evaluation for the cash transfers and parts of the behavior change communication components. The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the CT program, such as the MIS, will eventually enable the implementing institutions to manage and monitor the implementation of their programs. 56. The Project Implementation Unit will organize annual financial audits for the Project, annual reviews of progress, and a mid-term review to guide the Project implementation after the first eight communes. The mid-term review will involve Project \u2019 s stakeholders and civil society in the review of performance, intermediary results, institutional arrangements and outcomes. It will confirm the plans and processes for expansion of the CT", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 933, + 936, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These include: process evaluations; regular spot checks and beneficiary surveys to evaluate the quality of implementation, the efficiency of the targeting and payment processes, and the overall satisfaction with the program; impact evaluation for the cash transfers and parts of the behavior change communication components. The key delivery mechanisms put in place for the CT program, such as the MIS, will eventually enable the implementing institutions to manage and monitor the implementation of their programs. 56.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing information rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project/tool/system", + "described as a Management Information System", + "not presented as a dataset containing structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' stands for Management Information System and relates to a tool or infrastructure designed to manage and monitor program implementation. While it could contain data, it is not explicitly stated to be a dataset. The language focuses on the functionalities of the MIS as a delivery mechanism rather than presenting it as a source of structured data for analysis. The confusion may arise from the capitalized nature of 'MIS,' which suggests a proper noun and implies a formal entity that could be mistaken for a dataset, particularly since it follows a list of evaluation methods that inform an analysis. However, the lack of explicit references to 'data from' or statistical outputs means it's better categorized as a system rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' is not a dataset in this context; it refers to a Management Information System, which functions as a tool for managing information rather than a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 36, + "text": "26 88. Based on the experiences in addressing the specific vulnerabilities and discrimination facing the Batwa, the Project will take specific measures to ensure the participation of eligible Batwa households. Batwa households living in the targeted collines will be included in the first list of eligible households and surveyed in the PMT survey. The final list of beneficiaries will be publicly validated. It is expected that access to ID documents may be particularly low in these communities and the project will support beneficiaries in acquiring national IDs and birth certificates. 89. The program will also ensure they can participate in the accompanying measures by partnering with NGOs that are experienced in taking into account their specific challenges, in particular with hygiene, food preparation and feeding practices. Extra behavior change communication may be necessary, in particular for the potential use of cell phones as well as chargers and incentives to open accounts in micro-finance cooperatives to safeguard the transfer monies, given increased risks of thefts. Service providers will ensure that Batwa households can participate in regular IEC / BCC sessions with the rest of the community to foster social inclusion. However, specific sessions on sensitive topics such as reproductive health and gender-based violence may be conducted separately for the Batwa. Once collines are selected for participation in the project, provincial Indigenous People \u2019 s Plans will be developed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 337, + 347, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 110, + "PMT survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 192, + 208, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 210, + 226, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Based on the experiences in addressing the specific vulnerabilities and discrimination facing the Batwa, the Project will take specific measures to ensure the participation of eligible Batwa households. Batwa households living in the targeted collines will be included in the first list of eligible households and surveyed in the PMT survey. The final list of beneficiaries will be publicly validated.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMT survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the eligibility of Batwa households for participation in the project.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'survey' which indicates data collection", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "related to the project aim of assessing eligibility" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PMT survey' appears to refer specifically to a structured method of data collection related to the eligibility criteria for Batwa households. The phrase implies that the survey is designed to gather data, which aligns with common usage of the term 'survey' as a tool for data collection. The context suggests that this survey will result in gathered data that will be used to create a final list of beneficiaries, reinforcing its role as a dataset. The potential confusion comes from the 'PMT' portion, which could indicate a system or method rather than just a dataset per se; however, here it is used in the context of collecting and assessing eligibility information, clearly designating it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'PMT survey' is treated as a dataset here because it represents a structured approach to data collection specifically aimed at assessing household eligibility, fulfilling data-related criteria explicitly in the context." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 42, + "text": "32 Indicator Description. Project Development Objective Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs ( number ) This indicator measures the number of individual beneficiaries covered by safety nets programs supported by the Bank. Safety nets programs intend to provide social assistance ( kind or cash ) to poor and vulnerable individuals or families, including those to help cope with consequences of economic or other shock. Yearly Cash Transfer Program MIS Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Female ( number ) This indicator measures female participation in SSN programs. It has the same definition as the \" Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs \" but applies only to female. This indicator will yield a measure of coverage of SSN projects disaggregated by gender ( in absolute numbers ) Yearly Cash Transfer Program MIS Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Unconditional cash transfers ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas. Yearly Cash Transfer Program MIS Project Implementation Unit Proportion of households enrolled in the registry living below the extreme poverty line This indicator measures the proportion of extreme poor households per the national poverty line, in the targeting database. This indicator will yield a measure of the quality of targeting Yearly Registry database Project Implementation Unit.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1155, + 1163, + "named" + ], + [ + 356, + 360, + "SP Atlas <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It has the same definition as the \" Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs \" but applies only to female. This indicator will yield a measure of coverage of SSN projects disaggregated by gender ( in absolute numbers ) Yearly Cash Transfer Program MIS Project Implementation Unit Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Unconditional cash transfers ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas. Yearly Cash Transfer Program MIS Project Implementation Unit Proportion of households enrolled in the registry living below the extreme poverty line This indicator measures the proportion of extreme poor households per the national poverty line, in the targeting database.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "SP Atlas is referenced as a classification used in safety nets programs, indicating it is a structured collection of data related to social assistance programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a classification used in safety nets programs", + "not explicitly described as a data source", + "follows terminology associated with projects or systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context, 'SP Atlas' is described as a classification system rather than a dedicated dataset. It is mentioned in relation to safety nets programs, indicating that it helps categorize or classify data related to these programs without specifying that it itself comprises structured records. The phrase 'follows the safety nets programs classification used in SP Atlas' implies that SP Atlas functions more as a framework or guide for understanding the data rather than a dataset filled with concrete data entries. The extraction model might have seen 'SP Atlas' as significant because it is capitalized and appears in a technical context but failed to recognize that it serves as a classification rather than an actual source of data records. Thus, it should be treated as a project or system component, rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SP Atlas' does not qualify as a dataset because it is referred to as a classification system used for organizing safety nets program data rather than a concrete repository of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 51, + "text": "41 the program \u2019 s objectives, aligned with the priority needs identified in the vulnerability analysis of 2012-13, appropriate given the delivery method and the learning can yield potential significant impacts and spillovers at the household and community levels. For example, evaluations of Tubaramure, a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial in Ruyigi and Cankuso provinces ( IFPRI, 2014 and Leroy et al., 2016 ) show very little knowledge and practice about complementary foods for children above 6 months of age, scant knowledge of danger signs for acute respiratory infections ( the main cause of death for children below five years of age ) and management of diarrhea. The 2010 DHS also revealed high unmet contraception needs ( 31 percent for limiting and spacing births ), a significant proportion of women not deciding about the use of their own income ( 16. 2 percent in the North and 7. 5 percent in the East ), a high proportion of women not involved in decisions about important purchases for the household ( 42 percent ), and a high female acceptance of intimate partner violence ( 74 to 78 percent for at least one of the following reasons: burning food, arguing with the husband, neglecting children, going out without informing the husband, or refusing sex ). 15.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 293, + 303, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "41 the program \u2019 s objectives, aligned with the priority needs identified in the vulnerability analysis of 2012-13, appropriate given the delivery method and the learning can yield potential significant impacts and spillovers at the household and community levels. For example, evaluations of Tubaramure, a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial in Ruyigi and Cankuso provinces ( IFPRI, 2014 and Leroy et al. , 2016 ) show very little knowledge and practice about complementary foods for children above 6 months of age, scant knowledge of danger signs for acute respiratory infections ( the main cause of death for children below five years of age ) and management of diarrhea.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "Tubaramure is described as a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial, which classifies it as a program rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial", + "mentioned only as a program, not as a data source", + "associated with evaluations rather than direct data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Tubaramure' is explicitly referred to as a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial. The language used ('evaluations of Tubaramure') indicates that it is a program designed to implement health interventions, not a source of structured data in itself. While an evaluation may be based on data generated from the trial, the term itself does not imply direct access to a dataset. Confusion for the model may arise from the preceding phrases suggesting evaluations and outcomes, which could lead to interpreting 'Tubaramure' as having data-related importance, but it is primarily a project or intervention rather than a dataset. Thus, I see Tubaramure as clearly a project name without a direct indication of being a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Tubaramure is identified as a program rather than a dataset; it does not serve as a structured data source, as it is described in the context of evaluations rather than direct data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 51, + "text": "41 the program \u2019 s objectives, aligned with the priority needs identified in the vulnerability analysis of 2012-13, appropriate given the delivery method and the learning can yield potential significant impacts and spillovers at the household and community levels. For example, evaluations of Tubaramure, a food-assisted integrated health and nutrition intervention trial in Ruyigi and Cankuso provinces ( IFPRI, 2014 and Leroy et al., 2016 ) show very little knowledge and practice about complementary foods for children above 6 months of age, scant knowledge of danger signs for acute respiratory infections ( the main cause of death for children below five years of age ) and management of diarrhea. The 2010 DHS also revealed high unmet contraception needs ( 31 percent for limiting and spacing births ), a significant proportion of women not deciding about the use of their own income ( 16. 2 percent in the North and 7. 5 percent in the East ), a high proportion of women not involved in decisions about important purchases for the household ( 42 percent ), and a high female acceptance of intimate partner violence ( 74 to 78 percent for at least one of the following reasons: burning food, arguing with the husband, neglecting children, going out without informing the husband, or refusing sex ). 15.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 712, + 715, + "named" + ], + [ + 107, + 114, + "DHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 375, + 381, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 386, + 403, + "DHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 422, + 434, + "DHS <> author" + ], + [ + 707, + 711, + "DHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 837, + 842, + "DHS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1324, + 1342, + "DHS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ", 2016 ) show very little knowledge and practice about complementary foods for children above 6 months of age, scant knowledge of danger signs for acute respiratory infections ( the main cause of death for children below five years of age ) and management of diarrhea. The 2010 DHS also revealed high unmet contraception needs ( 31 percent for limiting and spacing births ), a significant proportion of women not deciding about the use of their own income ( 16. 2 percent in the North and 7.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The DHS (Demographic and Health Survey) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "DHS is well-known as the Demographic and Health Survey, a specific data collection vehicle.", + "Referenced for its role in providing structured demographic and health-related data.", + "Mentioned alongside data about health indicators, which indicates it holds substantial records." + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' refers to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are robust datasets containing critical health and demographic information. The surrounding text discusses knowledge and practices about health indicators, and the mention of the 2010 DHS suggests that it is being used to derive meaningful conclusions, hence indicating it is treated as a dataset rather than merely a project or a system. The model might have been confused because \u2018DHS\u2019 could also be seen as a project or a system due to its context in research; however, since it is explicitly providing quantitative data relevant to the discussion, it firmly qualifies as a dataset in this instance. Moreover, 'DHS' is commonly recognized in health research as a concrete source of demographic data, further supporting its classification here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'DHS' refers to the Demographic and Health Surveys, recognized as a structured data source that provides essential health and demographic data, thereby qualifying it as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 53, + "text": "The project preparation team worked with the Poverty team and the National Statistical Institute ( ISTEEBU ) to build small-area extreme poverty maps ( based on the ECVMB 2013-14 in combination with the 2010 Census data ), which provided the basis for a more systematic geographical targeting at the commune-level and could inform the planned expansion of the safety net program and other programs using the registry. In each province, the four communes with the highest poverty ( from 21 The CNPS includes 11 ministers under the authority of the President 22 The country is divided in 18 provinces, 129 communes and 2, 638 collines. 23 The Amashiga program started in 2016 and aims to foster community based-nutrition, using the lessons of the Tubaramure pilot in Cankuso and Ruyigi. The program would distribute food to all households with pregnant women or children under two, and foster behavior change in terms of food consumption, preparation, production, water and sanitation and hygiene practices, and access to health.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 165, + 178, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project preparation team worked with the Poverty team and the National Statistical Institute ( ISTEEBU ) to build small-area extreme poverty maps ( based on the ECVMB 2013-14 in combination with the 2010 Census data ), which provided the basis for a more systematic geographical targeting at the commune-level and could inform the planned expansion of the safety net program and other programs using the registry. In each province, the four communes with the highest poverty ( from 21 The CNPS includes 11 ministers under the authority of the President 22 The country is divided in 18 provinces, 129 communes and 2, 638 collines.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ECVMB 2013-14 refers to a survey that collected data on extreme poverty, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a dataset used for analysis", + "follows 'based on...'", + "mentioned in combination with census data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECVMB 2013-14' is identified as a survey that provided data specifically about extreme poverty, which is clearly indicated by the phrase 'based on the ECVMB 2013-14 in combination with the 2010 Census data.' The way this term is positioned within the sentence suggests it functions as a source of structured records for the analysis being discussed. The presence of 'ECVMB 2013-14' alongside the Census data also reinforces that this is a data source rather than merely a project or system. Although it is possible for models to confuse such terms, especially since acronyms can also reference initiatives or systems, the context provided firmly establishes that in this case, it serves the role of a dataset essential for mapping poverty.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ECVMB 2013-14' is considered a dataset in this context as it explicitly refers to a survey that informs analysis related to extreme poverty." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 53, + "text": "The project preparation team worked with the Poverty team and the National Statistical Institute ( ISTEEBU ) to build small-area extreme poverty maps ( based on the ECVMB 2013-14 in combination with the 2010 Census data ), which provided the basis for a more systematic geographical targeting at the commune-level and could inform the planned expansion of the safety net program and other programs using the registry. In each province, the four communes with the highest poverty ( from 21 The CNPS includes 11 ministers under the authority of the President 22 The country is divided in 18 provinces, 129 communes and 2, 638 collines. 23 The Amashiga program started in 2016 and aims to foster community based-nutrition, using the lessons of the Tubaramure pilot in Cankuso and Ruyigi. The program would distribute food to all households with pregnant women or children under two, and foster behavior change in terms of food consumption, preparation, production, water and sanitation and hygiene practices, and access to health.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 203, + 219, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project preparation team worked with the Poverty team and the National Statistical Institute ( ISTEEBU ) to build small-area extreme poverty maps ( based on the ECVMB 2013-14 in combination with the 2010 Census data ), which provided the basis for a more systematic geographical targeting at the commune-level and could inform the planned expansion of the safety net program and other programs using the registry. In each province, the four communes with the highest poverty ( from 21 The CNPS includes 11 ministers under the authority of the President 22 The country is divided in 18 provinces, 129 communes and 2, 638 collines.", + "type": "census data", + "explanation": "The 2010 Census data is a structured collection of demographic information collected during the census, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a structured collection of demographic information", + "clearly refers to census data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, '2010 Census data' is clearly referenced as the data source for creating small-area extreme poverty maps. It follows the phrase 'based on', which strongly indicates that it is being utilized as a dataset for analysis. The specific mention of 'census data' indicates organized demographic information collected through a systematic government process, which aligns well with the definition of a dataset. The sentence clearly indicates that this is not merely part of a project or a system, but actual structured data used for the project's analytic aims. There could be confusion because 'census data' might also imply a wider framework of census-related activities, but in this context, it is treating '2010 Census data' specifically as the concrete dataset for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term '2010 Census data' is treated as a real dataset in this context because it follows 'based on' and refers explicitly to structured demographic information utilized in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 55, + "text": "The targeting committee will include representatives from the colline development committee ( president and female member ), representatives from religious groups in the colline ( Caritas or priest, pastor ), representatives from the Child Protection Committee, the imboneza if present ( volunteer women in charge of addressing domestic violence and children issues, with support from MDPHSAG ), community health workers and the Red Cross, the community leader ( bachingonazi ) or customary leader ( Abagobo - 24 The poverty analysis on the household survey data ( ECVMB 2014 ) for the poverty map will provide the PMT coefficients and inform the design of a questionnaire to collect data on the variables associated with extreme poverty at the household-level.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 565, + 575, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The targeting committee will include representatives from the colline development committee ( president and female member ), representatives from religious groups in the colline ( Caritas or priest, pastor ), representatives from the Child Protection Committee, the imboneza if present ( volunteer women in charge of addressing domestic violence and children issues, with support from MDPHSAG ), community health workers and the Red Cross, the community leader ( bachingonazi ) or customary leader ( Abagobo - 24 The poverty analysis on the household survey data ( ECVMB 2014 ) for the poverty map will provide the PMT coefficients and inform the design of a questionnaire to collect data on the variables associated with extreme poverty at the household-level.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECVMB 2014 refers to a household survey data used for poverty analysis, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as household survey data", + "follows 'poverty analysis on the household survey data'", + "mentioned as a source for PMT coefficients and questionnaire design" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECVMB 2014' appears to refer to specific household survey data used for poverty analysis, which aligns clearly with its identification as a dataset. The phrase 'household survey data (ECVMB 2014)' explicitly identifies it as a dataset that is instrumental in deriving coefficients and informing the design of a questionnaire. While 'ECVMB' in other instances might refer to a project or system, the context specifically ties it to data used analytically. This is a critical marker that clarifies its identification as a dataset rather than a tool, project, or management information system. An extraction model may have recognized 'ECVMB 2014' as a dataset based on the explicit mention of survey data and the analytical role described. However, if earlier contexts referred to 'ECVMB' solely as a project or system without detailing its data attributes, confusion could arise. Nonetheless, within this specific context, the signals strongly support its identification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'ECVMB 2014' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly referenced as household survey data crucial for poverty analysis, distinguishing it from merely being a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 57, + "text": "47 32. The sub-component will support the background analysis for the implementation of the database and its implementation. These include: ( a ) Design and implementation of key tools: updated poverty and malnutrition maps, development of community-based targeting criteria and processes, development of registration questionnaire, construction of proxy-means test score, the organization of the different committees involved in the registration, the implementation of the PMT survey, storing and analysis of the data as well as the preparation of beneficiary lists for the cash transfer program and its complementary activities. It will also support the acquisition of key equipment ( hardware, software, back-up equipment ). ( b ) Implementation of the targeting and registration in selected areas including the organization and support of the targeting committees, the implementation and processing of questionnaires and the preparation of the list of registered households as well as eligible households for the cash transfer program. ( c ) Information campaigns to explain the purposes and processes of the targeting and registration to commune and colline administration and local government staff and to households in the selected collines, potential additional activities to ensure that beneficiaries are aware of the requirements and supporting documents for national ID cards, ( d ) Quality controls: Spot checks, process evaluations, analysis of targeting efficiency to identify necessary adjustments. Sub-component 2. 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 474, + 484, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 223, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 349, + 371, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 956, + 977, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 989, + 1008, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The sub-component will support the background analysis for the implementation of the database and its implementation. These include: ( a ) Design and implementation of key tools: updated poverty and malnutrition maps, development of community-based targeting criteria and processes, development of registration questionnaire, construction of proxy-means test score, the organization of the different committees involved in the registration, the implementation of the PMT survey, storing and analysis of the data as well as the preparation of beneficiary lists for the cash transfer program and its complementary activities. It will also support the acquisition of key equipment ( hardware, software, back-up equipment ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMT survey refers to a structured collection of data used for analysis related to targeting and registration processes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the implementation of the PMT survey", + "involved in the organization of registration", + "implies collection of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'PMT survey' suggests a structured and organized approach to data collection, particularly geared towards assessing poverty and malnutrition. It's mentioned in the context of designing and implementing tools for registration, which indicates its role in gathering data for analysis as part of the overall project. The phrase 'implementation of the PMT survey' strongly implies that this survey is not merely a project name but an active endeavor to collect data. Unlike a management information system or similar tools that might house data without defining what that data is, the survey here is actively referenced as a method of data collection, aligning more with the characteristics of a dataset. Potential confusion could arise from the word 'survey,' which could reference either an individual project or the data it generates. However, the context clarifies that it functions primarily as a means of gathering specific structured data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'PMT survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it represents a structured collection of data aimed directly at assessing poverty and malnutrition, serving as an integral component of the overall project focused on registration and targeting." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 58, + "text": "The M & E system would track financial outlays, key program results ( including those core indicators that would be common across programs within the SP system ), impacts and beneficiary feedback as inputs to guide program management in the implementation of the programs. The grievance redress mechanism would track grievances linked to targeting, receipt of transfers and implementation of the complementary activities. 35. The project will also finance the development and management of a grievance redress mechanisms to respond to complaints and ensure a high level of accountability across program operations. These mechanisms include: in-person complaints to program commune focal point, SMS-based system to a third-party grievance manager ( conditional on finding a trusted and competent agent and for possibilities for social control of a Government program ), boxes at the colline-level in the care of a civil society organization, possibly a hotline at central-level. All complaints, whether received in person, through SMS, phone or boxes will be logged in the MIS and steps for their resolution will be tracked and monthly reports sent to the operation coordinator, the coordinator for complementary activities as well as the project coordinator. 36.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1072, + 1075, + "named" + ], + [ + 277, + 304, + "MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These mechanisms include: in-person complaints to program commune focal point, SMS-based system to a third-party grievance manager ( conditional on finding a trusted and competent agent and for possibilities for social control of a Government program ), boxes at the colline-level in the care of a civil society organization, possibly a hotline at central-level. All complaints, whether received in person, through SMS, phone or boxes will be logged in the MIS and steps for their resolution will be tracked and monthly reports sent to the operation coordinator, the coordinator for complementary activities as well as the project coordinator. 36.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS refers to a structured system that tracks and manages data related to grievances and program results, making it a dataset used for analysis and program management.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of a system for logging and tracking complaints", + "not enumerated alongside clear datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS' (Management Information System) is mentioned as part of a broader system for managing grievances and program results. While it retrieves and stores data, it operates more as the infrastructure or tool that facilitates data collection and management rather than as a standalone dataset. The phrase \u2018logged in the MIS\u2019 suggests that it serves the purpose of tracking and managing records but does not specify that it is an explicit data source used for analysis. The context implies that the data usefulness comes from the actions performed through the system rather than from the system itself being a dataset. The model may have been confused due to the structured nature of the MIS and how it is involved in data management, causing it to interpret 'MIS' as a dataset without considering its functional role in data collection and processing as a system. Thus, 'MIS' is better understood as an operational tool rather than a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it is described primarily as a system for managing and tracking information rather than providing a unique dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 58, + "text": "Typical grievances range from information requests, questions about exclusion and inclusion from the program by the community-based targeting or the proxy-means test, requests for correction of errors in registration ( identification, household composition, socio - economic status ), complaints about stakeholders \u2013 program officials, service providers including mobile providers and financial intermediaries and NGOs in charge of the promotion activities, local committees, authorities ). The grievance redress will be built to provide resolution as close to the point of occurrence as possible and to guarantee accessibility by beneficiaries. If resolution is not satisfactory to the plaintiff, voluntary mediation via traditional conflict resolution mechanism available at the commune level could provide an additional layer of redress before escalating to the provincial and central levels. 37. This sub-component will support: ( a ) The development of an overall Management Information System, with modules including beneficiary lists, payment-related information, basic monitoring of operational processes including the delivery of BCC activities and the participation of beneficiary households, grievance redress records. The MIS should also produce regular reports on program", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 969, + 998, + "named" + ], + [ + 1023, + 1040, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1042, + 1069, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1179, + 1201, + "Management Information System <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1203, + 1228, + "Management Information System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "37. This sub-component will support: ( a ) The development of an overall Management Information System, with modules including beneficiary lists, payment-related information, basic monitoring of operational processes including the delivery of BCC activities and the participation of beneficiary households, grievance redress records. The MIS should also produce regular reports on program", + "type": "Management Information System", + "explanation": "The Management Information System is a structured collection of data that includes beneficiary lists, payment-related information, and grievance redress records, making it a dataset used for program management and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system rather than a dataset", + "described as having modules for beneficiary lists and records", + "not explicitly stated as 'uses data from' but rather as a support tool", + "instead of focusing on the data itself, it emphasizes the management aspect" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' refers to a structured tool that collects and manages data rather than being a standalone dataset. Although it contains specific elements like beneficiary lists and grievance records, the primary focus here is on the functionality of the system to manage and produce reports on various operational processes. The language used emphasizes the system's role in delivering insights and managing information rather than detailing the datasets contained within it. This leads me to view it as an infrastructure or tool rather than a dataset. A model may have been confused due to the presence of identifiable components (like lists and records) that hint at data, along with the formal naming convention suggesting it's a significant entity; however, there is insufficient evidence that it serves as a dataset in isolation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' is more accurately viewed as a tool or system for managing data rather than a dataset itself, as it emphasizes functionalities and modules rather than raw data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 59, + "text": "49 implementation at the colline, commune, province and central levels. The MIS will need to interface with the beneficiary database for the cash transfer program and potentially other databases constructed on the same structure for potential additional programs and with the payment agency ( ies ) system. ( b ) The design and implementation of grievance redress mechanisms with different points of entry at the colline, commune and province-levels and different channels for citizen feedback. ( c ) A specific MIS operational manual with a clear definition of roles in access, quality control, update, and safeguarding of personal data. ( d ) The implementation of the modules with the development of software and acquisition of key IT equipment and hardware ( some parts of the MIS and the registry may be hosted in a cloud or on local servers, depending on relative cost-efficiency in terms of safeguarding and resilience ) ( e ) Related communication and multi-media outreach materials as well as training for key stakeholders. Subcomponent 2. 3: Monitoring and evaluation ( US $ 2. 8 million equivalent ) 38. Since the project is supporting new interventions and processes in Burundi and to ensure transparency, the third sub-component will also support process evaluations of the key program processes and an impact evaluation including beneficiary surveys.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 76, + 79, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "49 implementation at the colline, commune, province and central levels. The MIS will need to interface with the beneficiary database for the cash transfer program and potentially other databases constructed on the same structure for potential additional programs and with the payment agency ( ies ) system. ( b ) The design and implementation of grievance redress mechanisms with different points of entry at the colline, commune and province-levels and different channels for citizen feedback.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a Management Information System", + "described as interfacing with a beneficiary database", + "not presented as a standalone dataset", + "focus on design and implementation rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'MIS' clearly stands for Management Information System, which implies a framework or tool used to manage and process data rather than a dataset in itself. The context indicates that the MIS is set to interface with other databases, suggesting it functions more as an infrastructure component for managing data rather than a discrete dataset. The mention of 'beneficiary database' indicates that actual datasets are present but separate from the MIS. The model might have been confused by the capitalized acronym 'MIS' and the structuring of the sentence, which leads one to believe it could be a concrete data source, especially given its proximity to discussions about data management. The model could interpret the MIS as a primary focus of the context due to its mention alongside data handling tasks, thus mistakenly labeling it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The MIS is not a dataset in this context; it functions as a management system for organizing and facilitating data rather than being a standalone structured data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 59, + "text": "49 implementation at the colline, commune, province and central levels. The MIS will need to interface with the beneficiary database for the cash transfer program and potentially other databases constructed on the same structure for potential additional programs and with the payment agency ( ies ) system. ( b ) The design and implementation of grievance redress mechanisms with different points of entry at the colline, commune and province-levels and different channels for citizen feedback. ( c ) A specific MIS operational manual with a clear definition of roles in access, quality control, update, and safeguarding of personal data. ( d ) The implementation of the modules with the development of software and acquisition of key IT equipment and hardware ( some parts of the MIS and the registry may be hosted in a cloud or on local servers, depending on relative cost-efficiency in terms of safeguarding and resilience ) ( e ) Related communication and multi-media outreach materials as well as training for key stakeholders. Subcomponent 2. 3: Monitoring and evaluation ( US $ 2. 8 million equivalent ) 38. Since the project is supporting new interventions and processes in Burundi and to ensure transparency, the third sub-component will also support process evaluations of the key program processes and an impact evaluation including beneficiary surveys.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 781, + 784, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( c ) A specific MIS operational manual with a clear definition of roles in access, quality control, update, and safeguarding of personal data. ( d ) The implementation of the modules with the development of software and acquisition of key IT equipment and hardware ( some parts of the MIS and the registry may be hosted in a cloud or on local servers, depending on relative cost-efficiency in terms of safeguarding and resilience ) ( e ) Related communication and multi-media outreach materials as well as training for key stakeholders. Subcomponent 2.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "discusses operational manuals and roles in data management", + "mentioned in context of software and IT infrastructure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' clearly refers to a Management Information System. The surrounding phrases describe its operational aspects, including roles in access, quality control, and the hosting solutions for the data (cloud or local servers). These descriptions imply that 'MIS' is primarily a system designed for managing and accessing data rather than a specific dataset itself. The focus is on operational functionality and the infrastructure supporting data management, which does not fit the definition of a dataset as a structured collection of data. A model may have been confused here because 'MIS' is capitalized and might resemble a proper dataset name and it appears in a context suggesting data handling; however, it is explicitly highlighted as a system rather than a direct data source or collection of records. Therefore, while it might manage or hold datasets, it should not be classified as one itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'MIS' is not considered a dataset in this context because it refers to a Management Information System focused on data management rather than being a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 63, + "text": "To help accelerate the activities in the first phase, the Project Implementation Unit will initially be responsible for the technical and financial implementation of project activities, including procurement, financial management, M & E, mitigation of potential negative social and environmental impacts, and communication about project implementation and results. At mid-term review, the project team will evaluate the possibility of a transition strategy to embed the implementation unit within the SEP / CNPS, based on the results of the capacity building activities supported in Component 2. The unit will contract the development of the MIS, the survey firm ( s ) for household registration and impact evaluation, the financial institutions in charge of delivering the payments to the beneficiary households, and the NGOs in charge of delivering the complementary activities. In Kirundo, where Concern has been operating a pilot cash transfer for 2, 000 households in 2 communes, local implementation could be delegated to Concern.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 642, + 645, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "At mid-term review, the project team will evaluate the possibility of a transition strategy to embed the implementation unit within the SEP / CNPS, based on the results of the capacity building activities supported in Component 2. The unit will contract the development of the MIS, the survey firm ( s ) for household registration and impact evaluation, the financial institutions in charge of delivering the payments to the beneficiary households, and the NGOs in charge of delivering the complementary activities. In Kirundo, where Concern has been operating a pilot cash transfer for 2, 000 households in 2 communes, local implementation could be delegated to Concern.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "mentioned in the context of development alongside project activities", + "not characterized as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is specifically mentioned as a Management Information System, which indicates it serves as a tool for managing data rather than a concrete dataset itself. The surrounding sentences focus on project implementation, capacity building activities, and the responsibilities of various entities involved, without indicating that the MIS is the primary source of structured records or data for analysis. Furthermore, the language used suggests it is part of the project's infrastructure, rather than a dataset that contains records to be analyzed. The model might have been confused because 'MIS' is capitalized and follows phrases related to project functions, which could imply it's a data source; however, it lacks the definitive context of being a direct dataset. The presence of the term alongside the mention of outputs from survey firms and NGOs might also lead the model to consider it as a related entity when, in fact, it's not the source of the data in question.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that is involved in project management and data handling, rather than an actual dataset containing records or data specifically used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "106_1482030098559-000A10458-PAD-Burundi-SSN-11282016", + "page": 67, + "text": "S The recruitment of a Project Coordinator, a Field Operation Manager, a Financial Management Specialist, a Procurement Specialist, M & E Specialist and a Communication Specialist will be completed within project launch. Training on fiduciary procedures will be conducted for all FM staff throughout the life of the project. Three FM supervision supports will be conducted the first 12 months following the effectiveness. N S Control Risk S S Budgeting. The AWPB will be prepared by the PIU and approved by the Project Steering Committee based on the policy guideline. The risks will be that there are many actors involved and this may delay the process. S The project Financial Procedures Manual ( which will be part of the Project implementation manual ) will define the arrangements for budgeting, budgetary control and the requirements for budgeting revisions. Annual detailed disbursement forecasts and budgets will be required. IFR will provide information on budgetary control and analysis of variances between actual and budget. N M Accounting. This project will use an accounting software which complies with WB procedures. The risks will be the following: Poor policies and procedures, and delay in keeping reliable and auditable accounting records. S The current accounting standards in use in Burundi for ongoing Bank-financed projects will be applicable.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 934, + 937, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annual detailed disbursement forecasts and budgets will be required. IFR will provide information on budgetary control and analysis of variances between actual and budget. N M Accounting.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "IFR refers to an information report on budgetary control and analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in context of budgetary control and analysis", + "not explicitly described as containing structured records", + "suggests it's a report or framework, not a dataset", + "does not follow phrases like 'uses data from'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFR' does not behave like a concrete dataset because it is referenced as a source of information for budgetary control and variance analysis, which suggests it serves as a reporting or analytical framework rather than storing structured records to be analyzed as standalone data. The absence of phrases that indicate it is a dataset, along with its function as an information resource, leads to the understanding that it is more of a conceptual tool or report that provides insights rather than a primary data source. The model may have been confused due to the capitalized format of 'IFR' which resembles proper names of datasets or systems, along with its placement in a sentence that discusses budget analysis, which might imply that it contributes to data-driven decision making, despite not being a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'IFR' is better interpreted as an information framework or report related to budget analysis rather than a dataset, as it does not contain structured records and is not explicitly identified as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "107_PAD-Citizens-Charter-Afghanistan-P160567-Oct-7-Board-version-10072016", + "page": 15, + "text": "Furthermore, the country \u2019 s demographic trends make poverty reduction challenging. Afghanistan faces high population growth and a youth bulge, with 400, 000 entrants into the labor force each year. The proportion of the population aged 15 or below is 51. 3 percent, making Afghanistan one of the youngest countries in Asia with extremely high dependency ratios. These demographic pressures are in the future likely to be exacerbated by significant numbers of returning refugees and internally displaced persons ( IDPs ). Lastly, vulnerability to weather-related shocks and natural disasters is high in Afghanistan especially among poorer households. 1 Central Statistics Organization of Afghanistan ( CSO ). 2016. Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2013-2014. Kabul: CSO; World Bank. 2016. Afghanistan Systematic Country Diagnostic. Washington, DC: World Bank 2 UNAMA. 2016. Civil Servants Districts Accessibility, April to June 2016.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 715, + 751, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 95, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 274, + 285, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 603, + 614, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 709, + 713, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 715, + 726, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 752, + 761, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 793, + 804, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 932, + 936, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2016. Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2013-2014. Kabul: CSO; World Bank.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding living conditions in Afghanistan.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a specific year reference indicating a structured collection", + "mentioned after the title 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2013-2014'", + "implied to be a comprehensive collection of data on living conditions", + "cited alongside institutional sources (CSO; World Bank) indicating validity" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is presented in a way that clearly identifies it as a specific survey conducted during a defined period (2013-2014). The use of precise wording and its direct association with the organizational authorship (CSO; World Bank) strongly suggests that it is referred to as a structured dataset. Although it could potentially be viewed as a project name, given the context emphasizes the temporal location and institutional framing, it aligns more closely with the definition of a dataset. This could cause confusion in some models as they may interpret project or survey titles as non-data entities if context doesn't imply data use directly, but here the specificity of collection and indicators overrides that potential mix-up.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly connected to data collection efforts with a defined timeframe and institutional backing, making it a valid source for structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "107_PAD-Citizens-Charter-Afghanistan-P160567-Oct-7-Board-version-10072016", + "page": 19, + "text": "The World Bank Citizens ' Charter Afghanistan Project ( P160567 ) Page 15 of 139 ( d ) Minimum of 10, 500 CDCs / clusters / Gozars6 able to plan, implement, monitor and coordinate development activities as measured by an institutional maturity index. 7 III. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. Project Components 17. CCAP will seek to address key limitations of line agency efforts and NSP to date, and respond to financial constraints to national development investments. First, it will bring together under one umbrella program the rural and urban community level work. Afghan cities are growing at a rapid rate, caused partially by an influx of returning refugees and internally displaced. The population of Afghan cities is expected to double within the next 15 years and by 2060, one in every two Afghans will be living in cities. 8 The 2013-2014 Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey estimates that 74 percent of the urban population lives in slums. Informal settlements in major cities are growing while the number of poor \u2013 an estimated 29 percent of the urban population \u2013 do not have access to basic services. As urban areas have spread over the years, NSP and other projects have formed some 1, 800 peri-urban and urban CDCs to increase community participation, give voice to urban residents, and provide some vital services.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 839, + 875, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 14, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 34, + 45, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 559, + 572, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 829, + 838, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 839, + 850, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 909, + 925, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The population of Afghan cities is expected to double within the next 15 years and by 2060, one in every two Afghans will be living in cities. 8 The 2013-2014 Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey estimates that 74 percent of the urban population lives in slums. Informal settlements in major cities are growing while the number of poor \u2013 an estimated 29 percent of the urban population \u2013 do not have access to basic services.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess living conditions in Afghanistan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey with estimated data", + "provides quantitative indicators for living conditions", + "used to assess living conditions in Afghanistan" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is explicitly referenced as a survey that estimates various aspects of living conditions in Afghanistan. Given the phrase states it provides estimates (such as the percentage of the urban population living in slums and lacking basic services), it implies that there is structured data collected through this survey. This suggests that the survey functions as a dataset as it directly involves systematic data collection techniques aimed at understanding specific socio-economic conditions. Although 'survey' could imply a larger project or an information system, the context indicates that the survey's function is primarily as data gathering for analyses, and the data it collects is defined as a structured dataset. Such descriptions could lead a model to extract it as a dataset since it presents quantifiable findings from a structured data source. There are no strong signals in the text indicating that it is merely a project name or infrastructure without a dataset role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is a systematic collection of data specifically utilized to assess living conditions, aligning with the characteristics and purpose of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "107_PAD-Citizens-Charter-Afghanistan-P160567-Oct-7-Board-version-10072016", + "page": 128, + "text": "rises to around US $ 13, 626 for graveled solutions, whereas benchmark 28 World Bank. 2012. National Solidarity Program II - Implementation Completion and Results Report. Washington, DC: World Bank. 29 Beath et al., 2013; Independent Evaluation Group. 2013. Evaluation of World Bank Programs in Afghanistan, 2002 - 11. Washington DC: World Bank. 30 See Bradley et al., 2015. The other projects included National Priority Programs, such as: ( a ) the Emergency Irrigation Rehabilitation Project; ( b ) its successor the Irrigation Restoration and Development Project; ( c ) the National Rural Access Project, and ( d ) the Strengthening Health Activity for the Rural Poor Project, and ( e ) the Health Action in Transition Project. 31 Atos Consulting. 2014. National Solidarity Programme: Phase III Financial and Economic Analysis Final Report. Kabul: Atos Consulting. The benchmarks used for the comparison come from MRRD ( NERAP and CARD-F projects ), the World Bank \u2019 s Rocks Database, the Water Project Organization, Oxfam, and UNICEF.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 972, + 986, + "named" + ], + [ + 74, + 84, + "Rocks Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 86, + 90, + "Rocks Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 187, + 197, + "Rocks Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 272, + 282, + "Rocks Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 334, + 344, + "Rocks Database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 957, + 967, + "Rocks Database <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Kabul: Atos Consulting. The benchmarks used for the comparison come from MRRD ( NERAP and CARD-F projects ), the World Bank \u2019 s Rocks Database, the Water Project Organization, Oxfam, and UNICEF.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Rocks Database is mentioned as a source of benchmarks, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'comes from'", + "described as a source for benchmarks" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Rocks Database' is explicitly indicated as a source of benchmarks for comparison. The presence of 'comes from' suggests a direct usage of its data for analysis, leading to the interpretation that it is a structured collection of data. This understanding is reinforced by the listing of the Rocks Database alongside other known entities like the World Bank and Oxfam, which adds to its credibility as a dataset. While one might wonder if it could be perceived as an infrastructure or system, the manner of its mention signifies it is indeed treated as a specific data source rather than just a hosting platform. The model could have been confused due to the term 'database' which can imply a system, but the context clearly supports it as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Rocks Database' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is cited as a source of benchmarks for analysis, indicating its role as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "107_PAD-Citizens-Charter-Afghanistan-P160567-Oct-7-Board-version-10072016", + "page": 140, + "text": "Only 57 percent of Afghan men believe that women should be allowed to work outside of the home, and even this level of endorsement comes with caveats as to the types and places of work that are considered acceptable for women. 46 The 2013 / 2014 Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey found that three-quarters of women do not leave the dwelling without the company of another person and about half leave the house four times or less per month, while 12 percent of women indicate they never left the house in an entire month. Furthermore, female decision-making on spending money is quite restricted. 47 3. Over the past decade, the government has developed several strategies to improve opportunities for women. These include the National Action Plan for the Women of Afghanistan ( 2008-2018 ), the Elimination of Violence against Women law ( 2009 ), and a Gender Mainstreaming Guideline for Municipalities ( 2014 ). The Government is currently preparing a National Women \u2019 s Economic Empowerment Program designed to create conditions that will enable women to become full participants in every level of the economy. Experience under NSP and Urban Areas and Lessons Learned 4. Over the years, NSP has put in place several procedures to increase women \u2019 s participation in the program. For example, gender awareness training was required for the FP 45 See CSO, 2016. 46 See The Asia Foundation, 2013. 47 See CSO, 2016.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 246, + 282, + "named" + ], + [ + 43, + 48, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 234, + 245, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 246, + 257, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 312, + 317, + "Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Only 57 percent of Afghan men believe that women should be allowed to work outside of the home, and even this level of endorsement comes with caveats as to the types and places of work that are considered acceptable for women. 46 The 2013 / 2014 Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey found that three-quarters of women do not leave the dwelling without the company of another person and about half leave the house four times or less per month, while 12 percent of women indicate they never left the house in an entire month. Furthermore, female decision-making on spending money is quite restricted.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze living conditions in Afghanistan, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018found that\u2019 indicating findings from a survey", + "describes specific statistical findings", + "associated with structured data about living conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is explicitly cited as a source of specific statistical findings about Afghan women's mobility and work conditions. The phrase 'found that' indicates that the survey has been used to obtain structured data and insights. There is no indication in the surrounding text that this term refers to a management information system, project name, or tool, as it presents findings commonly associated with dataset output. This clarity differentiates it from terms that might simply describe a system or platform without data-specific references. The model could have been confused as it might misinterpret formal names in general contexts as project names or systems, but here it stands out as a dataset yielding data-driven conclusions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is directly linked to providing structured data for specific analytical findings." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 31, + "text": "23 Include refugees and economic migrants in the Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys ( target date: quarterly survey starting January 2017 ) Y Carry out an awareness-raising campaign regarding household enterprises to inform the public about the availability of this option and the reduced restrictions and incentives to foster the creation of such businesses. Y Instruct the JIC to recruit 26 high caliber staff with relaxed salary constraints as recently allowed by the Cabinet ( target date: June 2017 ) Y Publish and publicize an \u2018 investor \u2019 s guide \u2019 for domestic and foreign investors with specific information for Syrian investors and other restricted nationalities ( target date: December 2017 ) Y Set up a Client Relationship Management ( CRM ) information technology ( IT ) system and database for investor targeting and aftercare at the JIC ( target date: December 2018 ) Y Strengthen the MOL \u2019 s Inspectorate Unit \u2019 s capacity to identify, track, and more effectively resolve noncompliance on labor and environmental standards through the development of IT tools ( database and program ) to enable staff to input and monitor data ( including development of a baseline data on labor and environmental compliance to standards ); establish linkages with other entities within the MOL ( such as hotline, child labor, operational safety and health [ OSH ] ), Ministry of Environment, and Ministry of Social Development; and increase effectiveness", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 49, + 109, + "named" + ], + [ + 11, + 19, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 24, + 41, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 151, + 163, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "23 Include refugees and economic migrants in the Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys ( target date: quarterly survey starting January 2017 ) Y Carry out an awareness-raising campaign regarding household enterprises to inform the public about the availability of this option and the reduced restrictions and incentives to foster the creation of such businesses. Y Instruct the JIC to recruit 26 high caliber staff with relaxed salary constraints as recently allowed by the Cabinet ( target date: June 2017 ) Y Publish and publicize an \u2018 investor \u2019 s guide \u2019 for domestic and foreign investors with specific information for Syrian investors and other restricted nationalities ( target date: December 2017 ) Y Set up a Client Relationship Management ( CRM ) information technology ( IT ) system and database for investor targeting and aftercare at the JIC ( target date: December 2018 ) Y Strengthen the MOL \u2019 s Inspectorate Unit \u2019 s capacity to identify, track, and more effectively resolve noncompliance on labor and environmental standards through the development of IT tools ( database and program ) to enable staff to input and monitor data ( including development of a baseline data on labor and environmental compliance to standards ); establish linkages with other entities within the MOL ( such as hotline, child labor, operational safety and health [ OSH ] ), Ministry of Environment, and Ministry of Social Development; and increase effectiveness", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to structured surveys conducted by the Department of Statistics to collect data on employment and unemployment, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows a context that indicates active data collection", + "described as surveys that collect structured data on employment and unemployment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys' is mentioned as a formal source of structured data \u2014 specifically surveys that are designed to collect and report on employment and unemployment statistics. The embedding of the term within a sentence that suggests it serves as a primary source for collecting data provides strong contextual evidence that it qualifies as a dataset. Additionally, the term does not present itself as just a project or a system in this instance but rather is explicitly connected to data collection activities that align with the definition of a dataset. The model may have been confused because it could easily relate the term to a project or system at a high level, especially if it prefers recognizing structured terms, but the explicit reference to surveys as tools for gathering data clarifies that this reference is indeed a dataset. ", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to actual surveys that systematically collect and report data on employment and unemployment, making it a valid dataset in the context of this document." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 35, + "text": "Public disclosure annually by Better Work Jordan, through the http: / / betterwork. org / jordan website, of factory-level compliance on issues, including major labor and safety violations. 16. The process of transparent reporting is as follows: ( a ) Better Work completes an assessment ( assessments take place year round and are random and unannounced for each factory ). ( b ) Factories receive a draft of the full assessment report regarding compliance on all assessment questions, including information on whether the issues subject to public reporting are in noncompliance. ( c ) When the assessment report is finalized, the factory \u2019 s compliance with the 29 publicly reported issues is published online, on the Better Work Transparency Portal ( for all factories that have had at least two assessments ). ( d ) In response, factories can upload documents and photos on the public reporting website ( including information from assessment reports ). ( e ) A factory \u2019 s compliance findings remain on the website until a new assessment report is published, at which point the website is updated to reflect the factory \u2019 s most recent assessment data. ( f ) Every time a new assessment is completed for a factory, new compliance data replaces old data. ( g ) Compliance data on factories that had not yet had two assessments when public reporting was launched is published following a factory \u2019 s second assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 720, + 751, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( b ) Factories receive a draft of the full assessment report regarding compliance on all assessment questions, including information on whether the issues subject to public reporting are in noncompliance. ( c ) When the assessment report is finalized, the factory \u2019 s compliance with the 29 publicly reported issues is published online, on the Better Work Transparency Portal ( for all factories that have had at least two assessments ). ( d ) In response, factories can upload documents and photos on the public reporting website ( including information from assessment reports ).", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Better Work Transparency Portal is a platform for reporting compliance data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a platform for reporting compliance data", + "mentioned as a tool for publishing assessment results", + "does not contain structured data itself, rather it serves as an interface for data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Better Work Transparency Portal is described as a platform meant for publishing compliance data related to factories and their assessments, not a structured dataset of records or statistics itself. The phrase 'is published online, on the Better Work Transparency Portal' indicates this is a web-based interface where data is displayed rather than a source of the data itself. The potential for confusion arises because it is capitalized and appears to function centrally in the information flow. It may resemble a dataset since it could be seen as where data is accessed; however, the language used around it suggests that it operates as an informational tool rather than constituting a dataset. Furthermore, the text does not indicate that it holds or organizes data in a traditional dataset manner, reinforcing it as an operational tool or platform rather than a concrete data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Better Work Transparency Portal is identified as a reporting platform rather than a dataset because it serves as an interface for publishing compliance data instead of acting as a collection of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 64, + "text": "56 23. Jordanian economy is disaggregated into 10 sectors to reflect the major produced and traded commodities, mainly grains and crops, meat and livestock, extraction industries, processed food, textile and apparel, light manufacturing, heavy manufacturing, utilities and construction, transports and communication, and other service sectors. Skills in the labor market are presented as managers and legislators, service providers and sales personnel, professionals, clerks, or elementary occupations. Cost-Benefit Analysis 24. The baseline reflects the Jordanian economy in 2015 following the World Bank statistics and medium-term growth programs without the PforR reforms. In the baseline, the standard GTAP dataset and parameters are fine-tuned based on the most recent national statistics to reflect the current economic framework. The simulation is defined as expected medium-term impacts of implementing three sets of reform, mainly work permits, business environment and trade reform, and investment promotion. 25. The simulation results compared to the 2015 baseline shows the net benefits from trade reforms and other enabling business environment that are proposed by the DLIs. Assumptions 26. Trade in the context of the EU relaxation of the rule of origin. The EU relaxes some of its rules of origin requirements for Jordanian manufacturing exports, which will lead to increased demand for Jordanian products because effective import prices decline by 3 percent. Investment Climate 27.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 706, + 718, + "named" + ], + [ + 7, + 16, + "GTAP dataset <> data geography" + ], + [ + 576, + 580, + "GTAP dataset <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1066, + "GTAP dataset <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The baseline reflects the Jordanian economy in 2015 following the World Bank statistics and medium-term growth programs without the PforR reforms. In the baseline, the standard GTAP dataset and parameters are fine-tuned based on the most recent national statistics to reflect the current economic framework. The simulation is defined as expected medium-term impacts of implementing three sets of reform, mainly work permits, business environment and trade reform, and investment promotion.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GTAP dataset is a structured collection of data used for economic analysis and modeling, making it a valid dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a structured collection of data", + "follows \u2018the standard GTAP dataset\u2019", + "enumerated alongside economic parameters" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GTAP dataset' is mentioned in relation to a baseline reflecting the Jordanian economy, and it is explicitly referred to as 'the standard GTAP dataset'. This indicates that it is being used as a primary data source for economic analysis. The word 'dataset' is included in its mention, which further reinforces the understanding that it is intended to mean a collection of structured data rather than merely a project name or tool. The mention of fine-tuning the dataset based on national statistics implies that 'GTAP dataset' encompasses specific data records being utilized for analysis. There could be confusion because 'GTAP' could also refer to models or methods derived from the dataset, but here it is clear that it is being treated as an essential, concrete source of data in the study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'GTAP dataset' is a legitimate dataset mention in this context, as it is explicitly referenced as a standard dataset used for economic analysis and appears to contain structured data relevant to the study." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 67, + "text": "As a result of the high reservation wage, many Jordanians remain unemployed as they queue for 21 West Asia North Africa Institute. 2015. \u201c Forging New Strategies in Protracted Refugee Crises: Syrian Refuges and the Host State Economy. \u201d 22 Mercy Corp. 2012. \u201c Analysis of Host Community-Refugee Tensions in Mafraq, Jordan. \u201d, Amman Net see ammannet / sy / and Su, A. 2015. \u201c The Mighty Pen ( 2014 ). \u201d Columbia Journalism Review, August. 23, 23 UNHCR regularly disseminates information on evolving policies by short messaging services and other means. Most recently, UNHCR disseminated responses to frequently asked questions regarding work permit requirements and procedures and impact on refugee status. http: / / unhcr. us6. list - manage1. com / track / click? u = 21ac4d661afc676782cbf14bc & id = 8bb817deb6 & e = cd2e73ef4f 24 Employment Unemployment Survey for 2015. Available online at: http: / / www. dos. gov. jo / dos_home_e / main / linked-html / Emp & Un. htm. The very low rate of participation among Jordanian women is generally attributed to a combination of lack of affordable child care and social views about suitable jobs for women. 25 See The National Employment Strategy 2011 \u2013 2020: An Update and Future Directions ( ILO, 2015 ) based on data for 2009 \u2013 2014. 26 ILO and FAFO. \u201c Impact of Syrian Refugees on the Jordanian Labor Market. \u201d 27 Ibid.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 833, + 863, + "named" + ], + [ + 131, + 135, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 307, + 321, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 367, + 371, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 868, + 872, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1245, + 1249, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1281, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "com / track / click? u = 21ac4d661afc676782cbf14bc & id = 8bb817deb6 & e = cd2e73ef4f 24 Employment Unemployment Survey for 2015. Available online at: http: / / www.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Employment Unemployment Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding employment and unemployment rates.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a survey which typically gathers structured data", + "said to be available online, implying structured records can be accessed", + "appears in a context discussing employment and unemployment data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Employment Unemployment Survey' appears to denote a structured collection of data on employment and unemployment rates for the year specified (2015). It is common for surveys to collect and make available structured datasets following their activities. The phrase 'Available online at' indicates that this survey is not merely a reference to a project but implies access to organized data records. It does not seem to represent merely a system or infrastructure but specifically a dataset meant for analysis, thus confirming its role as a dataset in this context. However, there could be confusion for models if similar terms are often used to describe systems or platforms that store data without specifying that they contain structured datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Employment Unemployment Survey' behaves as a dataset as it refers to a structured collection of data specifically about employment and unemployment rates, and confirms its role as such by indicating it is available online." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 68, + "text": "Concerns have been raised throughout the region, that economic migrants are too often the victims of abuse by employers. 33 In manufacturing, Jordan has taken important steps with the help of Better Work Jordan to ensure fair labor practices. 34 Concerns remain in other sectors, however, in which the Kafala system is practiced. 35 Although labor inspectors have an important role to play in enforcing worker rights. 28 The unemployment rate was 13 percent in 2015, 13 percent in 2010, 15 percent in 2005 and 14 percent in 2000. There are approximately 210, 000 unemployed Jordanians in 2015. See Employment Unemployment Survey for 2015. Available online at: http: / / www. dos. gov. jo / dos_home_e / main / linked-html / Emp & Un. htm 29 In 2015, unemployment rates were 23 percent among women versus 11 percent among men; 19 percent among those with a bachelor degree or higher versus 11 percent among those with less than secondary education; and 15 percent among 20 \u2013 24 year olds, 26 percent among 25 \u2013 29 years, and 14 percent among 40 \u2013 54 year olds. Employment Unemployment Survey for 2015. Available online at: http: / / www. dos. gov. jo / dos_home_e / main / linked-html / Emp & Un. htm.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 598, + 628, + "named" + ], + [ + 142, + 148, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 461, + 465, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 501, + 505, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 524, + 528, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 633, + 637, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1095, + 1099, + "Employment Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There are approximately 210, 000 unemployed Jordanians in 2015. See Employment Unemployment Survey for 2015. Available online at: http: / / www.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Employment Unemployment Survey is a structured collection of data regarding employment and unemployment rates, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'See' indicating a reference to data", + "implied to contain structured records on employment and unemployment", + "available online suggesting access to data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Employment Unemployment Survey' follows a sentence providing statistical data about unemployed Jordanians, which suggests that it refers to a collection of structured data specifically regarding employment statistics. Although one might consider whether this survey acts solely as a project name or a system, the phrasing implies that it\u2019s being referenced primarily as a source of data. The signal that it is available online further implies access to a dataset, reinforcing that it is treated as a specific data source. Therefore, it leans strongly toward being seen as a dataset rather than merely a tool or project without direct data implications. The model may have confused this by failing to grasp the context sufficiently but leaned toward categorizing it due to its structured name and the way it is referenced as a source for the previous data point.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Employment Unemployment Survey' is appropriately treated as a dataset in this context as it is referenced in a manner suggesting it contains structured data relevant to employment statistics." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 70, + "text": "62 58. Monitoring the labor market will be very important to allow the Government to adjust policies in order to achieve the Compact Goals. In particular, it will be important to monitor ( at least quarterly ) the number of work permits applications received ( and number issued ) by governorate / camp, occupation, sector, gender, nationality, UNHCR status and new / renewal / change of employer. It will similarly be important to monitor the number of MOI ID card applications received ( and number issued ) by governorate / camp, occupation, sector, gender, and UNHCR status. Documentation of any changes in work permit regulations is also important. In order to monitor the impact on the overall labor market, it will be essential to expand the Department of Statistics quarterly Employment and Unemployment Survey to include coverage of refugees and economic migrants from various countries. This data is urgently needed and implementation of the revised survey will start by the beginning of 2017. Investment Climate Predictability of Private Sector Regulations 59. Jordan \u2019 s legal regime, administrative process, and enforcement of regulations related to business activity are widely regarded as complex, unstable, and fragmented. A number of reviews have confirmed the consensus among both Jordanians and foreign observers that the overall regime suffers from a lack of coherence, transparency, and predictability for investors.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 784, + 818, + "named" + ], + [ + 749, + 773, + "Employment and Unemployment Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 842, + 850, + "Employment and Unemployment Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 855, + 872, + "Employment and Unemployment Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 998, + 1002, + "Employment and Unemployment Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Documentation of any changes in work permit regulations is also important. In order to monitor the impact on the overall labor market, it will be essential to expand the Department of Statistics quarterly Employment and Unemployment Survey to include coverage of refugees and economic migrants from various countries. This data is urgently needed and implementation of the revised survey will start by the beginning of 2017.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Employment and Unemployment Survey is a structured collection of data used to monitor labor market conditions, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "followed by the phrase 'this data is urgently needed'", + "described as a survey collecting essential data", + "indicates a structured approach to monitor labor conditions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Employment and Unemployment Survey' is framed as a primary structured collection of data aimed at tracking labor market statistics. The sentence highlights the urgency and necessity for this data concerning monitoring the labor market and suggests that the data being referred to is being systematically collected through the survey. The model might have been confused if it viewed this term as a project or system due to the generic word 'survey', but the context clearly indicates that it is utilized as a data source. There are no indications that this is merely an administrative framework; instead, it serves a concrete analytical purpose, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Employment and Unemployment Survey' is appropriately seen as a dataset in this context, as it is described in relation to data collection for analyzing labor market conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "71 is generally weak. Contract management capacity and communication / transaction with vendors also needs improvement as implementation of the contracts needs to be done on time. ( d ) The JSMO has its own procurement office staffed with two persons who are civil service employees. Both report to the financial department, and they work according to its own by - law. Considering the small quantity of procurement involved, the Program will rely on this arrangement for procurement undertaken by JSMO up to the threshold of GSD ( as stated above ). Accounting and Financial Reporting 24. The assessment concludes that the accounting and financial reporting systems are found acceptable for purposes of the Program. The Government adopts the cash basis of accounting while IPUs ( JIC and JSMO ) follow accrual basis in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. The Government adopts a chart of accounts that is compatible with the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001. MOF has an ambitious plan to convert to the International Public Sector Accounting Standards cash basis by 2020. Both the final accounts and the in-year reporting are timely but are still prepared through the Oracle legacy system until the GFMIS implementation is completed and relevant legislative amendments are made. The monthly General Government Finance Bulletin includes budgetary government finance statistics aggregated according to the economic and functional classifications ( budget versus actual ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1234, + 1239, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MOF has an ambitious plan to convert to the International Public Sector Accounting Standards cash basis by 2020. Both the final accounts and the in-year reporting are timely but are still prepared through the Oracle legacy system until the GFMIS implementation is completed and relevant legislative amendments are made. The monthly General Government Finance Bulletin includes budgetary government finance statistics aggregated according to the economic and functional classifications ( budget versus actual ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or application rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of financial management information system", + "described as part of the infrastructure for reporting", + "not explicitly stated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is referenced as a financial management information system that is intended to eventually replace a legacy system. Although it may enable data collection and reporting, it is not identified as a dataset itself but rather a tool that will facilitate reporting and data management. The signal that GFMIS is part of a system comes from its description alongside references to the Oracle legacy system and its role in preparing financial reports. This context makes it clear that while GFMIS interacts with data, it is not a dataset but rather an infrastructure component. The mention lacks explicit statements indicating it as a distinct data source, which adds to the clarity of it being a system instead of operational data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is categorized as a financial management information system, and in this context, it does not act as a dataset but rather as infrastructure enabling the collection and reporting of data." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "The monthly financial positions sent by line ministries and independent institutions to the GBD / MoF present data in administrative, economic, program, funding, and geographical classifications. Finalization of the annual accounts is required by law by June of the following year, and this has been complied with during the recent years. The final accounts are published on the MoF website. Jordan has joined the IMF Special Data Dissemination Standards since January 2010. 25. The JIC and JSMO \u2019 s annual financial statements ( prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ) are audited by an acceptable independent private sector firm in accordance with International Standards on Auditing. The auditor issued an unqualified \u2018 clean \u2019 opinion. The World Bank will rely on the JIC and JSMO \u2019 s existing auditing and reporting arrangements. 26. A PMU was established at MOPIC that will be responsible for Program coordination and implementation. Apart from this, the PMU will be entrusted with compiling the Program annual financial statements and providing any ad hoc financial reports as deemed necessary to follow on the Program financial activities. 27. Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ). The new implementation of the GFMIS gives Jordan a tremendous advantage; it is the correct time to review and modernize the important systems of government information.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1186, + 1236, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "27. Government Financial Management Information System ( GFMIS ). The new implementation of the GFMIS gives Jordan a tremendous advantage; it is the correct time to review and modernize the important systems of government information.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Government Financial Management Information System (GFMIS) refers to a system for managing financial information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system, not as a data source", + "discussion focuses on implementation and modernization, not on data extraction or analysis", + "does not provide structured records or data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Government Financial Management Information System' (GFMIS) is fundamentally discussed as an information system designed for managing financial information rather than a dataset that contains structured data for analysis. The phrases surrounding it describe the advantages of system implementation and review rather than the use of any specific data extracted from this system. The lack of context emphasizing data retrieval, analysis, or datasets directly linked to empirical results makes it clear that GFMIS functions as a framework or tool rather than a concrete dataset that researchers and analysts would utilize. A model may have identified it mistakenly as a dataset because it has a formal name (GFMIS), is capitalized, and might indicate the presence of recorded financial data, which could blur the line between considerations of a system and an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Government Financial Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset; it is an information system that provides infrastructure for data management, not a specific structured collection of data for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 203, + 208, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to an application software system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described as providing information and improving communications", + "refers to a system used for financial management" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is referred to as a management information system that facilitates communication between the government and citizens while aiding financial management. It is not indicated explicitly as a dataset but rather as a system that helps in the management and execution of the Budget Law. The phrase 'easily provide information' alongside 'budget units' suggests its role is more about managing data than being a data source. The confusion could arise from its capitalization and the use of the term which might imply 'data source', but it actually serves as an infrastructure supporting data management rather than being a dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not a dataset in this context; it is a management information system designed for financial management rather than a concrete collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 344, + 349, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to an application software system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an application software system", + "mentioned as part of the government's financial management strategy", + "does not explicitly provide data or structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'GFMIS' stands for 'Government Financial Management Information System'. It is explicitly referred to as a software system utilized by the government for budget management. The text focuses on the implementation and phases of GFMIS rolls out, emphasizing its role in governance rather than detailing any specific datasets it may contain. The mention does not indicate \u2018using data from\u2019 GFMIS in a way that suggests it is being treated as a standalone dataset. This might confuse an extraction model as the term is capitalized and looks like a proper name; however, its contextual clues clearly position it as a system rather than a data source. Hence, while it may store data, it is not regarded as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is identified as an application software system for financial management, not a specific dataset containing structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 692, + 697, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management.", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to an application software system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an implementation of application software", + "described in relation to core application functionalities", + "refers to an overarching system rather than specific records or structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, GFMIS stands for 'Government Financial Management Information System' and is referred to within the context of financial management and application software. While it may serve to store and organize data, the text emphasizes its role as a system with functionalities rather than focusing on concrete data outputs, such as reports or datasets. The passage describes specific applications and software associated with GFMIS, reinforcing that it acts as a tool facilitating various budget processes rather than representing a dataset itself. The model could have been confused due to the capitalized nature of GFMIS, leading to a presumption that it could function as a named dataset. However, the evidence clearly indicates it's better classified as an information system used in managing financial data, not as a structured collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not considered a dataset in this context because it refers to a financial management system with specific functionalities, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 849, + 857, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "type": "application software", + "explanation": "Hyperion is a software application used for budget preparation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of software for budget preparation", + "enumerated alongside other software applications", + "not presented as a source of structured records or data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Hyperion' clearly refers to a specific software application used for budget preparation. The context shows it is one of several software solutions, including Oracle Financials, used within the broader Government Financial Management Information System (GFMIS). Since it is not described as a dataset or data source itself, but rather as an application that likely processes or manages data, it should not be classified as a dataset. The model might have confused this term for a dataset because it appears alongside other financial software tools and could be perceived as a primary software that involves data. However, its role in the text is more aligned with infrastructure rather than representing a structured collection of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Hyperion is a software application and not a dataset; it is mentioned as functionality within a broader financial management system." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 888, + 905, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "Oracle Financials is an application software used for budget execution, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as application software", + "mentioned in the context of functionalities", + "not enumerated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Oracle Financials', I noted that it is being referred to as application software used for budget execution. The context makes it clear that it serves a functional role within a management system, rather than acting as a standalone structured dataset. The phrase follows a description of other software components, which further emphasizes its role in the software suite. The model might have confused 'Oracle Financials' as a dataset due to its capitalization and the way it appears in the list of software, which may loosely resemble a dataset listing. However, without explicit mention of it containing structured records or being used as a direct data source, it is more accurately classified as a software system instead of a dataset. This distinction is critical considering the overall context of usage and the surrounding phrasing.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Oracle Financials' is identified as application software rather than a dataset, as it functions in budget execution within a management system without direct references to it being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 79, + "text": "This approach improves transparency with respect to the purposes of resources and the efficiency of their use. It is also helpful in improving communications between the Government and its citizens. The GFMIS will easily provide information on how the annual Budget Law and its execution support the strategic priorities of the Government. The GFMIS has been fully rolled out to budget units ( ministries, departments, and regional financial centers ) encompassed in the Budget Law except three ( the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Water Authority, and civil defense ) that would be completed in 2016. The Government has launched GFMIS phase two aiming to connect IPUs by 2018. 28. The current GFMIS implementation utilizes a subset of the functionalities of the underlying application software. The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1060, + 1065, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The current core application software comprises: ( a ) Hyperion for budget preparation; ( b ) Oracle Financials for budget execution; and ( c ) software for interfacing to other software for debt management, payroll, bank reconciliation, and revenue management. The GFMIS is fully utilized for", + "type": "application", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a Government Financial Management Information System, which is an application software rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Government Financial Management Information System", + "mentioned as software in a list of application software", + "not directly referenced as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GFMIS' clearly refers to a specific application software designed for financial management. The surrounding text categorizes it alongside other software applications like 'Hyperion' and 'Oracle Financials', which indicates that it serves as a management tool rather than a concrete collection of data or a dataset. While GFMIS may interact with data or be part of a data ecosystem, it isn\u2019t a repository of structured records by itself but rather a system for managing financial processes. The use of the term and its positioning among other software applications suggest it fulfills a functional role in financial management, without being labeled directly as a data source. A model might have confused this due to its capitalized form and mention in a technical context alongside other tools, making it appear more data-centric than it actually is.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not treated as a dataset here because it represents a financial management system, rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "108_Jordan-PforR-PAD-P159522-FINAL-DISCLOSURE-10052016", + "page": 96, + "text": "88 Include refugees and economic migrants in the Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys ( target date: quarterly survey starting January 2017 ) Y Carry out an awareness-raising campaign regarding household enterprises to inform the public about the availability of this option and the reduced restrictions and incentives to foster the creation of such businesses. Y Instruct the JIC to recruit 26 high caliber staff with relaxed salary constraints as recently allowed by the Cabinet ( target date: June 2017 ) Y Publish and publicize an \u2018 investor \u2019 s guide \u2019 for domestic and foreign investors with specific information for Syrian investors and other restricted nationalities ( target date: December 2017 ). Y Set up a Client Relationship Management ( CRM ) information technology ( IT ) system and database for investor targeting and aftercare at the JIC ( target date: December 2018 ) Y Strengthen the MOL \u2019 s Inspectorate Unit \u2019 s capacity to identify, track, and more effectively resolve noncompliance on labor and environmental standards through the development of IT tools ( database and program ) to enable staff to input and monitor data ( including development of a baseline data on labor and environmental compliance to standards ); establish linkages with other entities within the MOL ( such as hotline, child labor, operational safety and health [ OSH ] ), Ministry of Environment, and Ministry of Social Development; and increase", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 49, + 109, + "named" + ], + [ + 11, + 19, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 24, + 41, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 151, + 163, + "Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "88 Include refugees and economic migrants in the Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys ( target date: quarterly survey starting January 2017 ) Y Carry out an awareness-raising campaign regarding household enterprises to inform the public about the availability of this option and the reduced restrictions and incentives to foster the creation of such businesses. Y Instruct the JIC to recruit 26 high caliber staff with relaxed salary constraints as recently allowed by the Cabinet ( target date: June 2017 ) Y Publish and publicize an \u2018 investor \u2019 s guide \u2019 for domestic and foreign investors with specific information for Syrian investors and other restricted nationalities ( target date: December 2017 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding employment and unemployment metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a survey collecting data", + "follows \u2018Department of Statistics\u2019 indicating a formal statistical authority" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Department of Statistics Employment and Unemployment Surveys' appears to function as a dataset because it is explicitly mentioned in a context that suggests it is a structured collection of data specifically intended for the analysis of employment and unemployment metrics. The phrase \u2018surveys\u2019 implies a systematic approach to data collection, indicating that this may indeed consist of direct data rather than being merely a project or infrastructure. Moreover, it is associated with the 'Department of Statistics', which suggests credibility and a recognized framework for data collection. While there is a potential for confusion where this could be interpreted as an overarching project or a system, the notes indicate it was suggested to have the characteristics of a dataset due to its association with structured data specifically aimed at collecting employment information. Overall, the context leans strongly towards it being treated as a dataset rather than a mere project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the term behaves as a dataset because it refers to a structured set of surveys explicitly collecting data on employment and unemployment, following phrases that clarify its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 13, + "text": "6 16. The third pillar is focused on \u201c enhanced governance and managerial capacities of MEHE and CERD to plan, budget, deliver, monitor, and evaluate education services. \u201d This pillar aims to achieve the following outputs: C. 1 An effective and accurate Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) is established and functional. C. 3 Appropriate policy frameworks are endorsed and implemented to regulate education programs and services, strengthen school management, and professionalize teaching services. C. 2 Revised curricula for schools and learning spaces are developed and endorsed to improve quality learning, life-skills and employability for children and youth. C. 4 MEHE and CERD at the central and regional levels are strengthened to lead and coordinate the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the relevant RACE 2 activities. 17. Within the Government program, the proposed operation will support specific RACE 2 Program objectives linked to formal education. 12 The Bank-supported Program objectives are spread across all three pillars, and exclude activities that are directly implemented by international partners, such as UNICEF and UNHCR. Although these activities are not part of the Bank-supported Program, they continue to be core elements of the overall RACE 2 program. Activities financed by international partners but implemented by MEHE are typically within the scope of the Bank-supported Program. 18.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 254, + 293, + "named" + ], + [ + 296, + 300, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u201d This pillar aims to achieve the following outputs: C. 1 An effective and accurate Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) is established and functional. C.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing education services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "not explicitly framed as a data source", + "focus on establishing functionality rather than data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Education Management Information System' is framed as a system designed to be established and functional rather than as a data source itself. It lacks clear contextual signals indicating that it serves as a primary dataset for analyses or research, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'. The phrasing primarily emphasizes the development or functionality of the EMIS rather than suggesting it directly provides data for any analytical purpose. This distinction makes it appear more as a project or infrastructure for better management of data rather than a concrete dataset. The model might have been confused here because the term is capitalized, may seem like it could contain structured data, and could align with a common dataset type, but it does not meet clearer criteria that would qualify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term represents an information system focused on managing educational data rather than serving as a dataset directly used for analysis, thus it is not classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 22, + "text": "The achievement of the DLIs will be financed through a mix of funding modalities including an IDA credit with co-financing from grant sources. The co-financing arrangements amongst the different DLIs are detailed under table A3. 3 of this document. IV. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY21 A. Technical Strategic rationale 52. Helping host countries share the burden of receiving Syrian refugees is a global strategic priority. The international community, together with MEHE, have been addressing this need through the RACE program which started in 2013. This next phase proposes to pivot from a strict focus on supply - side access to focus on demand-side issues as well as on quality and on systems strengthening. These last two are national, regional, and global priorities, since it is learning rather than simply \u2018 schooling \u2019 that will equip future generations with the knowledge and skills to join a productive workforce and drive economic growth and human development. It is equally critical to help Lebanon \u2019 s education system sustain the delivery of quality services going forward and ultimately enable it to emerge stronger from this crisis. Technical soundness 53. The technical assessment concurred with the prioritization of access-linked activities to increase supply. Investment in infrastructure is a MEHE priority and responds to an urgent need. Statistics provided by the Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement ( D-RASATI survey, 2011 ) and recently updated under the Second Education Development Project ( EDP II, 2014 ) indicate that among the 1, 262 existing public schools, approximately 75 percent need repairs. Of these, approximately 25 percent need major repairs and among these, 40 specific schools are considered structurally unsafe. Additionally, only 42 percent of schools are owned by MEHE, 21 Studies and reports cited in the World Bank technical assessment are not necessarily endorsed by MEHE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1377, + 1449, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Investment in infrastructure is a MEHE priority and responds to an urgent need. Statistics provided by the Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement ( D-RASATI survey, 2011 ) and recently updated under the Second Education Development Project ( EDP II, 2014 ) indicate that among the 1, 262 existing public schools, approximately 75 percent need repairs. Of these, approximately 25 percent need major repairs and among these, 40 specific schools are considered structurally unsafe.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The term refers to a program aimed at improving education and infrastructure, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a survey, not as a standalone dataset", + "associated with a program aimed at improving education, not just data collection", + "follows phrases that suggest it is a source of statistics rather than raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement' refers to a program or initiative (D-RASATI survey) rather than a traditional dataset. The phrase mentions statistics derived from this survey, meaning it acts as a facilitator of data collection but does not constitute a standalone structured dataset. A model might initially confuse this term as a dataset due to its mention alongside statistical information and the survey's formal title. However, the clear focus is on the program's mission to improve educational infrastructure rather than the storage or provision of data. I drew the line between a project/system and a dataset based on the nature of the reference, which portrayed it as a means to gather statistics rather than a comprehensive data source in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement' functions as an initiative that provides statistical insights but does not represent a dataset itself; it indicates a program rather than containing structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 22, + "text": "The achievement of the DLIs will be financed through a mix of funding modalities including an IDA credit with co-financing from grant sources. The co-financing arrangements amongst the different DLIs are detailed under table A3. 3 of this document. IV. ASSESSMENT SUMMARY21 A. Technical Strategic rationale 52. Helping host countries share the burden of receiving Syrian refugees is a global strategic priority. The international community, together with MEHE, have been addressing this need through the RACE program which started in 2013. This next phase proposes to pivot from a strict focus on supply - side access to focus on demand-side issues as well as on quality and on systems strengthening. These last two are national, regional, and global priorities, since it is learning rather than simply \u2018 schooling \u2019 that will equip future generations with the knowledge and skills to join a productive workforce and drive economic growth and human development. It is equally critical to help Lebanon \u2019 s education system sustain the delivery of quality services going forward and ultimately enable it to emerge stronger from this crisis. Technical soundness 53. The technical assessment concurred with the prioritization of access-linked activities to increase supply. Investment in infrastructure is a MEHE priority and responds to an urgent need. Statistics provided by the Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement ( D-RASATI survey, 2011 ) and recently updated under the Second Education Development Project ( EDP II, 2014 ) indicate that among the 1, 262 existing public schools, approximately 75 percent need repairs. Of these, approximately 25 percent need major repairs and among these, 40 specific schools are considered structurally unsafe. Additionally, only 42 percent of schools are owned by MEHE, 21 Studies and reports cited in the World Bank technical assessment are not necessarily endorsed by MEHE.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1452, + 1467, + "named" + ], + [ + 993, + 1000, + "D-RASATI survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1469, + 1473, + "D-RASATI survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1554, + 1558, + "D-RASATI survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1727, + 1781, + "D-RASATI survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Investment in infrastructure is a MEHE priority and responds to an urgent need. Statistics provided by the Developing Rehabilitation Assistance to Schools and Teachers Improvement ( D-RASATI survey, 2011 ) and recently updated under the Second Education Development Project ( EDP II, 2014 ) indicate that among the 1, 262 existing public schools, approximately 75 percent need repairs. Of these, approximately 25 percent need major repairs and among these, 40 specific schools are considered structurally unsafe.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The D-RASATI survey is a structured collection of data related to the condition of public schools, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Statistics provided by'", + "described as a survey", + "contains structured data regarding public schools" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'D-RASATI survey' appears following the phrase 'Statistics provided by', which suggests that it is being used as a source of data. Furthermore, it is explicitly identified as a survey, indicating a structured collection of information about the condition of public schools. This makes it reasonable to categorize it as a dataset since it contains specific records that feed into the analysis of school needs. The presence of surrounding qualifiers that indicate it provides statistics lends further support to its treatment as a dataset. While it could potentially be treated as a project name or system to some extent, the clarity of its usage here in relation to statistics makes it more apt to classify it as a dataset. There may be confusion for models due to its nomenclature being potentially associated with programs or initiatives that often have data components, but its context clearly defines it as a data source rather than just a broader project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'D-RASATI survey' is treated as a dataset because it is directly referenced as a source of statistics and structured data about public schools." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 23, + "text": "MEHE and CERD will develop a comprehensive learning assessment framework, which will include formative assessments at the school level. Particular attention will be given to Grade 3 to detect early difficulties in basic reading, writing, and numeracy skills. With regards to system monitoring, the assessment concluded that supporting the development and incentivizing the completion of a proper EMIS may be the greatest contribution the Program can make to the overall RACE 2 program. Due to the absence of timely and accurate data, it is extremely difficult for MEHE to properly allocate resources to schools most in need, or otherwise direct efforts of the Ministry to those that would benefit most. Timely data will go a long way in ensuring current spending more efficient and better targeted. Expenditure framework 56. The RACE 2 program expenditure framework presents the overall US $ 2. 1 billion, and, within that, the US $ 1. 8 billion Bank-supported Program. Activities are structured according to the RACE 2 outputs areas, and the main expenditure categories featured are works for school construction / rehabilitation, furniture and equipment, transfers to schools, teaching and learning materials, transportation costs, and a number of staff-related costs including consultancies. The Government of Lebanon has been actively following-up with donors on pledges made at the London conference to secure the needed financing ( see Table 3 ). The Program Expenditure Framework also analyzes the budget planning and execution, drawing on the findings from the recent Public Expenditure", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 396, + 400, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Particular attention will be given to Grade 3 to detect early difficulties in basic reading, writing, and numeracy skills. With regards to system monitoring, the assessment concluded that supporting the development and incentivizing the completion of a proper EMIS may be the greatest contribution the Program can make to the overall RACE 2 program. Due to the absence of timely and accurate data, it is extremely difficult for MEHE to properly allocate resources to schools most in need, or otherwise direct efforts of the Ministry to those that would benefit most.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or tool for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing educational data", + "described as a proper system rather than a data source", + "part of a program's infrastructure to support decisions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is understood from the context to be a system rather than a direct data source. The text discusses how the development of the EMIS is important for resource allocation and supports the overall program, indicating it's a tool used to manage data. Phrases like 'incentivizing the completion of a proper EMIS' and 'absence of timely and accurate data' suggest that EMIS enables the organization of data rather than being a standalone dataset. While it may store data, it is not identified as a dataset in this context because it serves more as a system designed for data management and facilitation. The model could be confused by the capitalization and the mention of data in the context, interpreting EMIS as a dataset because it's introduced with significance to the resource management process. Overall, the emphasis here is on its role as a system, thus not qualifying it as a dataset on its own.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, EMIS is not treated as a dataset because it is described as a management information system that supports the organization of educational data rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 36, + "text": "29 \uf0b7 C. 4 - MEHE and CERD at the central and regional levels are strengthened to lead and coordinate the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the relevant RACE 2 activities. 22. One of the main challenges faced during the implementation of the first phase of RACE is the unavailability of timely and reliable data, structured data collection systems, and systems-capacity to analyze data that could inform policy decisions or programmatic interventions. There are currently multiple data collection mechanisms working in parallel, in addition to long delays in the ability for MEHE or CERD to collect and use school-level data for decision-making. As a result, MEHE and CERD will develop a data management framework detailing how data about schools, students, teachers, and other personnel is collected, validated, categorized, and used by different stakeholders. An EMIS will be deployed in order to support the timely collection of the data, so that decision-making at both the school and the central MEHE and CERD levels is based on accurate and updated data. 23. For output C. 2, the current Lebanese formal curriculum dates from 1997 and has not seen major changes since that date. It is strongly centered on specific concepts or information that students should know, rather than on competencies and skills that learners should acquire.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 874, + 878, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "As a result, MEHE and CERD will develop a data management framework detailing how data about schools, students, teachers, and other personnel is collected, validated, categorized, and used by different stakeholders. An EMIS will be deployed in order to support the timely collection of the data, so that decision-making at both the school and the central MEHE and CERD levels is based on accurate and updated data. 23.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a tool or framework for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as a framework for managing data", + "not cited as a concrete data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is clearly defined as an Education Management Information System (EMIS), which indicates that it serves as a framework or tool designed to manage education-related data rather than being a dataset itself. The language used suggests that it is an infrastructure put in place to facilitate the collection, validation, and usage of data, but it does not imply that it is a collection of structured records or quantitative data that could be directly analyzed. The phrases surrounding 'EMIS' indicate that it is aimed at supporting decision-making but do not suggest it holds the data itself. The ambiguity for a model might arise from the acronym EMIS, which could be misinterpreted as a dataset due to its capitalized and formalized nature, giving it an appearance of being a structured entity. However, it fundamentally represents a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not considered a dataset here because it is explicitly defined as an Education Management Information System, functioning as a management tool rather than a concrete collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 41, + "text": "34 owned / rented ) furnished in line with MEHE specifications Outcome B: Enhanced quality of education services and learning environments provided, to ensure grade - appropriate learning outcomes for children and youth Increase in the proportion of students passing their grades, and transitioning to the next grade ( disaggregated by school type, grade, nationality, and gender ); % of children and youth aged 03-15 above the corresponding graduation age who have completed a Cycle Percentage Lebanese Cycle 1: 96 % Cycle 2: 87 % Cycle 3: 78 % Non-Lebanese Cycle 1: 68 % Cycle 2: 51 % Cycle 3: 52 % Lebanese Cycle 1: > 96 % Cycle 2: > 87 % Cycle 3: > 78 % Non-Lebanese Cycle 1: > 68 % Cycle 2: > 51 % Cycle 3: > 52 % 2020 for Lebanese; Annually for Non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management % students who were at school last year remain at school this year Percentage Lebanese 99 % for all Cycles Non-Lebanese 99 for Cycle 1 94 for Cycle 2 93 for Cycle 3 Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Proportion of students transitioning grades 2 Percentage Lebanese 100", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 780, + 785, + "named" + ], + [ + 719, + 723, + "VASyR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 751, + 765, + "VASyR <> reference population" + ], + [ + 787, + 792, + "VASyR <> publisher" + ], + [ + 793, + 820, + "VASyR <> data type" + ], + [ + 1054, + 1058, + "VASyR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1117, + 1122, + "VASyR <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "34 owned / rented ) furnished in line with MEHE specifications Outcome B: Enhanced quality of education services and learning environments provided, to ensure grade - appropriate learning outcomes for children and youth Increase in the proportion of students passing their grades, and transitioning to the next grade ( disaggregated by school type, grade, nationality, and gender ); % of children and youth aged 03-15 above the corresponding graduation age who have completed a Cycle Percentage Lebanese Cycle 1: 96 % Cycle 2: 87 % Cycle 3: 78 % Non-Lebanese Cycle 1: 68 % Cycle 2: 51 % Cycle 3: 52 % Lebanese Cycle 1: > 96 % Cycle 2: > 87 % Cycle 3: > 78 % Non-Lebanese Cycle 1: > 68 % Cycle 2: > 51 % Cycle 3: > 52 % 2020 for Lebanese; Annually for Non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management % students who were at school last year remain at school this year Percentage Lebanese 99 % for all Cycles Non-Lebanese 99 for Cycle 1 94 for Cycle 2 93 for Cycle 3 Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Proportion of students transitioning grades 2 Percentage Lebanese 100", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "VASyR refers to a survey that collects data on various educational indicators, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018MICS Round 6\u2019 and \u2018UNHCR community-based reporting\u2019", + "described in a context that implies it collects and reports structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'VASyR' is directly listed alongside other known datasets (MICS Round 6 and UNHCR community-based reporting), suggesting it serves a similar purpose in collecting and reporting educational indicators. This enumeration provides a strong signal that 'VASyR' is being treated as a data source, supported by the phrases related to educational data analysis. The model might have been confused by the potential for 'VASyR' to be interpreted as a project or initiative rather than a dataset, yet the context clearly indicates it serves as a systematic means of collecting data, particularly as it reports educational outcomes. Thus, I conclude that in this instance, 'VASyR' does function as a dataset since it is used as a structured collection of data in the analysis of educational metrics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "VASyR functions as a dataset in this context as it is cited alongside other datasets and implies structured data collection used for analysis of educational indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 41, + "text": "for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 94 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 91 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Non-Lebanese 96 for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 82 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 82 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Number of students in public schools successful in Grade 3 and Number Grade 3: 0 Grade 6: 0 ( Baseline at 0 because Grade 3: TBD after pilot Grade 6: TBD after pilot Annually CERD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 323, + 327, + "named" + ], + [ + 264, + 268, + "MICS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 273, + 277, + "MICS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 281, + 285, + "MICS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 308, + 322, + "MICS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 344, + 349, + "MICS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 94 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 91 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Non-Lebanese 96 for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 82 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 82 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Number of students in public schools successful in Grade 3 and Number Grade 3: 0 Grade 6: 0 ( Baseline at 0 because Grade 3: TBD after pilot Grade 6: TBD after pilot Annually CERD", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "MICS refers to the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, which are structured collections of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned in relation to structured data collection", + "described as having specific indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MICS' refers to the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, a widely recognized dataset known for its structured data collection methods focusing on indicators relevant to children's and women's well-being. The surrounding context mentions it alongside other datasets or reporting mechanisms like 'VASyR' and 'UNHCR community-based reporting', which implies that MICS is functioning here as a recognized source of quantitative data rather than merely a system or project. The terminology used indicates it holds valuable records that are systematically collected for analysis. Although the ambiguity exists where MICS could be considered as a methodological framework or project name, it is primarily recognized and treated as a dataset due to its established role in data gathering. Therefore, despite potential confusion stemming from its naming, the context clearly aligns it with other datasets in this scenario.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, MICS is treated as a dataset due to its established role in structured data collection and its enumeration alongside other data sources, despite potential confusion with project or system designations." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 41, + "text": "for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 94 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 91 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Non-Lebanese 96 for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 82 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 82 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Number of students in public schools successful in Grade 3 and Number Grade 3: 0 Grade 6: 0 ( Baseline at 0 because Grade 3: TBD after pilot Grade 6: TBD after pilot Annually CERD", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 337, + 342, + "named" + ], + [ + 264, + 268, + "VASyR <> reference year" + ], + [ + 273, + 277, + "VASyR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 281, + 285, + "VASyR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 308, + 322, + "VASyR <> reference population" + ], + [ + 344, + 349, + "VASyR <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 94 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 91 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Non-Lebanese 96 for transition from Cycle 1 to 2 82 for transition from Cycle 2 to 3 82 for transition from Cycle 3 to Secondary Same rates maintained 2015 and 2019 or 2020 for all; Annually for non - Lebanese MICS Round 6, VASyR, UNHCR community - based reporting; MEHE information management Number of students in public schools successful in Grade 3 and Number Grade 3: 0 Grade 6: 0 ( Baseline at 0 because Grade 3: TBD after pilot Grade 6: TBD after pilot Annually CERD", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "VASyR refers to a survey that collects data on various aspects, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows other data sources", + "described in the context of data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'VASyR' appears along with other data sources such as 'MICS Round 6' and 'UNHCR community-based reporting'. It is referenced in a manner suggesting it is part of the overall data collection process. The context indicates it holds structured information related to specific metrics (like transition rates) which aligns with the function of a dataset. Given that it collects data points and is embedded in the analytic framework discussed, it makes sense to interpret 'VASyR' as a dataset. The previous judgment likely stemmed from its role in data collection and its formal naming convention, which may lead extraction models to categorize it as a dataset based on patterns rather than content evaluation. However, it can be confused with project names or systems that serve a data-related purpose if they aren't explicitly described as datasets in the sources examined.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'VASyR' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its enumerated position with other data sources and its function in collecting structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 52, + "text": "45 Table A3. 2 DLIs / DLRs Verification Protocol Table DLI # Definition / Description of achievement Scalability of Disbursements ( Yes / No ) Protocol to evaluate achievement of the DLRs and data / results verification Data source / agency Verificatio n Entity Procedure DLI # 1 Population of students enrolled in public formal schooling ( KG through Grade 12 ). The increase in enrollment numbers is calculated with reference to the baseline value at YEAR 0. Data should be reported disaggregated by type of school, education cycle, nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ), and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period. There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools. DLI # 2. 1 Calculated by dividing the number of public school students in the target year who enroll in Grade 5 for the first time ( not repeated students ) by the number of public school students who enrolled in Grade 4 at the beginning of the preceding scholastic year. Data to be disaggregated by nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ) and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 613, + 645, + "named" + ], + [ + 591, + 607, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> data type" + ], + [ + 890, + 912, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1016, + 1038, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1219, + 1223, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data should be reported disaggregated by type of school, education cycle, nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ), and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period. There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools.", + "type": "enrollment data", + "explanation": "This refers to a structured collection of enrollment data used for verification and analysis of student enrollment in public schools.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as enrollment data", + "follows guidelines on reporting and verification", + "mentioned in the context of disaggregating data", + "enumerated alongside enrollment lists" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'MEHE Third Party Enrollment data', it is significant that the term is associated with reporting requirements for enrollment figures, which suggests a structured collection of records. The context indicates it is used for empirical verification and reporting of student enrollment, which aligns with typical characteristics of a dataset. Although the term could imply an associated management information system or project, it is categorized here as a dataset due to this explicit reference to its function and the specific nature of data expected from it. The model might have been confused due to the combination of project-like nomenclature and the presence of 'data,' but in this context, it clearly serves as a source of structured, analyzed information.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, 'MEHE Third Party Enrollment data' is treated as a dataset because it is contextually defined as a set of enrollment data used for specific reporting and verification purposes, despite its project-like name." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 52, + "text": "There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools. DLI # 2. 2 Calculated by dividing the number of public school students in the target year who enroll in Grade 8 for the first time ( not repeated students ) by the number of public school students who enrolled in Grade 7 at the beginning of the preceding scholastic year. Data to be disaggregated by nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ) and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period. There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools. DLI # 2. 3 Calculated by dividing the number of public school students in the target year who enroll in Grade 11 for the first time ( not repeated students ) by the number of public school students who enrolled in Grade 10 at the beginning of the preceding scholastic year. Data to be disaggregated by nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ) and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period. There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools. DLI # 3 Impact evaluation study of teacher support programs. Two support programs will be studied: The first one consists of classroom observations and feedback and guidance provided by the academic counselor and the school principal. The second program includes the first ( observations and guidance ) and adds training provided by CERD. The study will then have three groups of teachers: one group with only observation and guidance, one with observation and guidance + CERD training, and one control group with no intervention. The study will have a baseline at the beginning of the year, followed by the respective intervention, and an No Classroom observation records and teacher training records Third Party Baseline and endline data is collected, along with the intervention records ( classroom observation and teacher training records ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 509, + 541, + "named" + ], + [ + 180, + 202, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 306, + 328, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 487, + 503, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> data type" + ], + [ + 509, + 513, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> publisher" + ], + [ + 786, + 808, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1095, + 1111, + "MEHE Third Party Enrollment data <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data to be disaggregated by nationality ( Lebanese, non-Lebanese ) and gender. Yes Enrollment lists from MEHE Third Party Enrollment data should be provided in March and verified within a month period. There should be a review of enrollment numbers through site visits and spot checks in a sample of randomly selected public schools.", + "type": "enrollment data", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of enrollment data used for analysis and verification of student enrollment numbers in public schools.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'should be provided' indicating it is treated as data", + "described in the context of verification of enrollment numbers", + "implied as containing structured records of enrollment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'MEHE Third Party Enrollment data' is mentioned in a context that emphasizes its role in providing necessary enrollment information that will be used for verification purposes within schools. The mention precedes a directive about providing and reviewing specific enrollment lists, which indicates that it is considered a direct source of structured records, rather than purely a system or project. However, the term could be interpreted as a system or project given the naming style. The inclusion of 'data' in the title suggests it is a dataset, pointing to its role in disaggregating enrollment counts by demographic variables such as nationality and gender. This could easily lead the model to misclassify it if examining the formal naming conventions alone, without the surrounding contextual details that clarify its functional use as a dataset. Overall, it is treated as a concrete collection of data in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MEHE Third Party Enrollment data' refers to a structured collection of enrollment records used for verification, making it a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 55, + "text": "48 DLI # Definition / Description of achievement Scalability of Disbursements Protocol to evaluate achievement of the DLRs and data / results verification Assessment can be national or international, sample or census-based. The results of the assessment should be made public on MEHE and CERD ' s websites. document detailing assessment results ( e. g. OECD document for PISA ) Party the results of the application of one of the assessments. DLI # 9 Internal audit function operational as specified in the Program Operations Manual ( POM ). Internal audit reports should be produced quarterly according to the agreed standards which are defined in the Program Operations Manual ( POM ). No Internal Audit Reports Third Party Reviewing internal audit reports for compliance with quality standards set forth in the POM.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 371, + 375, + "named" + ], + [ + 185, + 198, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 353, + 357, + "PISA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "g. OECD document for PISA ) Party the results of the application of one of the assessments. DLI # 9 Internal audit function operational as specified in the Program Operations Manual ( POM ).", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a structured collection of data used for evaluating educational systems worldwide.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known educational assessments", + "described in the context of assessing educational systems", + "explicitly refers to a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is widely recognized as a standardized assessment that gathers structured data on student performance across various countries. The phrase 'Party the results of the application of one of the assessments' suggests that PISA provides data used in an analytical context. Although it might appear similar to a project name or system, its clear association with educational assessment results indicates it behaves as a dataset here. The model might have initially been confused because of the mention within a broader operational framework (the 'Program Operations Manual'), influencing its perception as merely a project. However, it ultimately serves a dataset purpose in educational assessment.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is considered a dataset in this context because it specifically refers to a structured assessment that provides measurable data for evaluating educational systems." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 65, + "text": "Within each of these output areas, specific disbursement-linked indicators have been selected from RACE 2 that relate to the Bank supported Program. To achieve them, the Program proposes to support a number of interventions and activities that will contribute to these results, including training for school leaders and teachers, grants to schools to strengthen school-based management, activating a network of community liaisons, and undertaking a number of evaluation and learning assessment activities to help teachers detect more precisely which students are struggling with what parts of the curriculum. 25 Based on infrastructure data collected in 2011, using less than 2. 8 square meters of space per student in either first or second shift to indicate overcrowding. 26 Total capacity is calculated at 437, 895 using 2. 8 square meters per student, while total enrollment in the first shift is about 315, 000. As of May 2016, MEHE is in the process of updating the physical infrastructure assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 99, + 105, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Within each of these output areas, specific disbursement-linked indicators have been selected from RACE 2 that relate to the Bank supported Program. To achieve them, the Program proposes to support a number of interventions and activities that will contribute to these results, including training for school leaders and teachers, grants to schools to strengthen school-based management, activating a network of community liaisons, and undertaking a number of evaluation and learning assessment activities to help teachers detect more precisely which students are struggling with what parts of the curriculum.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "RACE 2 refers to a program that supports various interventions and activities, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a program supporting interventions", + "not described as a structured collection of data", + "does not follow phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'RACE 2', I noted that it is explicitly referred to as a program. The surrounding text elaborates on various interventions and activities designed to achieve certain results, but it does not discuss 'RACE 2' as a source of data. It lacks the typical qualifiers or phrases that indicate it is a dataset, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'. Instead, it implies that this term is tied to programmatic support rather than data collection. The term is presented within a context that focuses on outcomes and actions rather than data structure. A model might have inferred this as a dataset due to its emphasis on outcome indicators and the capitalization of 'RACE 2', which often suggests a proper noun, but the surrounding context clearly indicates this is a program rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'RACE 2' refers to a program focused on interventions and support rather than a structured dataset, as it lacks direct references to data collection or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "110_Lebaon-RACE2-PforR-Board-Package-PAD-WB-9-5-16-09072016", + "page": 67, + "text": "One of the main challenges faced during the implementation of the first phase of RACE is the unavailability of timely and reliable data, structured data collection systems, and systems-capacity to analyze data that could inform policy decisions or programmatic interventions. There are currently multiple data collection mechanisms working in parallel, in addition to long delays in the ability for MEHE or CERD to collect and use school-level data for decision-making. As a result, MEHE and CERD will develop a data management framework detailing how data about schools, students, teachers, and other personnel is collected, validated, categorized, and used by different stakeholders. MEHE will also deploy an EMIS in order to support the timely collection of the data, so that decision-making at both the school and the central MEHE and CERD levels is based on accurate and updated data.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 711, + 715, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "As a result, MEHE and CERD will develop a data management framework detailing how data about schools, students, teachers, and other personnel is collected, validated, categorized, and used by different stakeholders. MEHE will also deploy an EMIS in order to support the timely collection of the data, so that decision-making at both the school and the central MEHE and CERD levels is based on accurate and updated data.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a tool or system designed to manage educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a support tool for data collection", + "not specified as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Educational Management Information System that is explicitly framed as a tool to facilitate the collection and management of data about various educational entities. The language surrounding 'EMIS' suggests that it serves as an infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. The confusion arises because the machine learning model may have misinterpreted the term as a dataset due to its capitalized format, its relationship with data collection, and its use in a context that discusses data management. However, 'EMIS' is primarily positioned as a system aiding in the process of data handling rather than simply offering a collection of data. The delineation between datasets and systems can be challenging, particularly when systems are associated closely with data use but do not directly provide the structured data themselves.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a management information system designed to support the collection of educational data, rather than being a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "112_IDAR2016-0221-PAD-09012016", + "page": 21, + "text": "The MoLG will be responsible for providing technical input to MDLF, namely all of the technical aspects of procurement, monitoring of progress towards the PDO, and details of project activities. MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results - based Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the various MDLF-implemented projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives. As such, no additional arrangements or staff are required for the M & E of this project. C. Sustainability 31. At present, there is a gap in metropolitan area urban planning policy, practice, and methodology in Palestine, and MoLG has indicated interest in developing capacity to administer, advise on, and implement such practice in Palestine. The Ministry conducted a study on metropolitan planning in 2007, which led to the establishment of the existing joint coordination unit for the RAB area. However, MoLG was unable to go beyond this initial study to mainstream metropolitan planning into government practice or policies. The proposed ICUD therefore would provide the initial metropolitan / urban area growth planning framework and local government driven implementation experience for MoLG to guide metropolitan planning policy development. The MoLG planning unit will technically oversee the proposed project activities and receive support to improve bottom-up metropolitan planning. The urban growth planning exercise will also inform necessary reforms in the PA \u2019 s own planning system, in addition to the inputs to developing LGUs urban area plans.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 473, + 510, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results - based Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the various MDLF-implemented projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Program Management Information System (PGMIS) is a web-based system used for managing program data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "follows \u2018uses a web-based Program Management Information System\u2019", + "mentioned as part of a Monitoring and Evaluation system", + "not described as a specific dataset or data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, the term 'Program Management Information System' (PGMIS) is used within a context that clearly identifies it as a management information system (MIS), rather than a standalone dataset. The text states that the PGMIS automates data aggregation, storage, and presentation but does not indicate that it itself is a collection or a dataset of structured records for analysis. The use of phrases such as 'uses a web-based Program Management Information System' further emphasizes its role as a tool or infrastructure utilized for data management rather than being a direct source of data itself. Models may have been confused due to the formal name and its capitalization, which can often signify a dataset. The associations with data aggregation and management suggest a connection to data but do not constitute it being a dataset in the strict sense. In this context, the PGMIS functions as a mechanism that supports data-driven processes but doesn't qualify as 'the dataset' itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Program Management Information System' is classified as a system that manages data rather than a distinct dataset. It supports data processes without being an independent source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "112_IDAR2016-0221-PAD-09012016", + "page": 21, + "text": "The MoLG will be responsible for providing technical input to MDLF, namely all of the technical aspects of procurement, monitoring of progress towards the PDO, and details of project activities. MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results - based Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the various MDLF-implemented projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives. As such, no additional arrangements or staff are required for the M & E of this project. C. Sustainability 31. At present, there is a gap in metropolitan area urban planning policy, practice, and methodology in Palestine, and MoLG has indicated interest in developing capacity to administer, advise on, and implement such practice in Palestine. The Ministry conducted a study on metropolitan planning in 2007, which led to the establishment of the existing joint coordination unit for the RAB area. However, MoLG was unable to go beyond this initial study to mainstream metropolitan planning into government practice or policies. The proposed ICUD therefore would provide the initial metropolitan / urban area growth planning framework and local government driven implementation experience for MoLG to guide metropolitan planning policy development. The MoLG planning unit will technically oversee the proposed project activities and receive support to improve bottom-up metropolitan planning. The urban growth planning exercise will also inform necessary reforms in the PA \u2019 s own planning system, in addition to the inputs to developing LGUs urban area plans.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 536, + 575, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results - based Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ) system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the various MDLF-implemented projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Financial Management Information System (FMIS) is a system used for financial management and reporting, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that automates data aggregation", + "mentioned alongside a similar system (PGMIS), emphasizing their role in infrastructure", + "not explicitly stated as a source of structured records for research or analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Financial Management Information System' (FMIS) is clearly articulated as part of a broader management and evaluation infrastructure. The text emphasizes its function in automating data aggregation rather than serving as a structured collection for analysis. There are references to other systems (PGMIS), reinforcing that both are tools enabling data management rather than datasets themselves. The potential confusion for the extraction model arises from the terminology: 'Financial Management Information System' sounds like it could denote a structured collection due to its formal name and presence in a monitoring and evaluation narrative. However, the context consistently frames it as a system aimed at improving processes rather than directly providing data as an independent dataset for research purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Financial Management Information System functions as a tool within a management infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset, focusing on automating financial data processes without emphasizing its role as a source of structured analysis-ready data." + }, + { + "filename": "112_IDAR2016-0221-PAD-09012016", + "page": 26, + "text": "16 B. Technical 44. Targeted interventions intended to develop the institutional capacity of participating urban areas have been informed by detailed diagnostic work conducted during the preparation phase. The work includes spatial analysis to visually identify Palestine \u2019 s major urban areas in which built-up areas have already spilled over respective administrative boundaries of LGUs. The analysis was conducted by utilizing knowledge sharing from the global analytical initiative by the Bank called Global Urban Footprints ( produced by the German Aerospace Center with the Bank support ). In collaboration with the largest municipalities in the respective urban areas, city profiles were developed to understand institutional capacity, spatial constraints, investment priorities, and local economic development initiatives in the urban areas. During pre-appraisal, the Bank in collaboration with MoLG conducted geo-spatial analytical capacity assessments of West Bank urban areas to further fill the existing information gap. 45. Additionally, findings and recommendations from previous Bank-executed TA10 were utilized to identify common public sector-produced obstacles for PPPs seen in the examples of affordable housing unit provision and municipal service delivery. While analyzing different types of public-private collaborations, the analytical work indicated that the main public-sector posed obstacles for greater private sector participation in urban development stems from the lack of LGU capacity to anchor and rationalize public investment in a coherent spatial planning framework that covers urban areas as a whole. 46.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 505, + 528, + "named" + ], + [ + 262, + 271, + "Global Urban Footprints <> data geography" + ], + [ + 493, + 497, + "Global Urban Footprints <> publisher" + ], + [ + 547, + 570, + "Global Urban Footprints <> author" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "Global Urban Footprints <> publisher" + ], + [ + 676, + 689, + "Global Urban Footprints <> data description" + ], + [ + 876, + 880, + "Global Urban Footprints <> publisher" + ], + [ + 965, + 974, + "Global Urban Footprints <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The work includes spatial analysis to visually identify Palestine \u2019 s major urban areas in which built-up areas have already spilled over respective administrative boundaries of LGUs. The analysis was conducted by utilizing knowledge sharing from the global analytical initiative by the Bank called Global Urban Footprints ( produced by the German Aerospace Center with the Bank support ). In collaboration with the largest municipalities in the respective urban areas, city profiles were developed to understand institutional capacity, spatial constraints, investment priorities, and local economic development initiatives in the urban areas.", + "type": "analytical initiative", + "explanation": "Global Urban Footprints is an analytical initiative that provides spatial data and insights about urban areas, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a global analytical initiative", + "produced with support indicating structured analytical content", + "utilized for spatial analysis, suggesting it provides data for research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Urban Footprints' is mentioned as an initiative involving spatial analysis and visual identification of urban areas in Palestine. The language indicates that it is not just a project name; it represents an organized effort to provide structured insights about urban geometries which implies it serves as a data source. There is mention of produced data from this initiative used for analysis, which point towards it behaving like a dataset in this context. However, the phrasing could lead to confusion over whether it's a project or a structured dataset. The model may associate the term with datasets due to the context of usage where it's linked with data-driven work, suggesting it functions similarly to a dataset in analytical practices. However, traditionally, it is framed like an initiative which can make it ambiguous, yet given its described role in providing insights, we conclude it fits the dataset definition in this scenario.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Urban Footprints' is treated as a dataset because it is portrayed as an analytical initiative that provides spatial data used for research and urban analysis, thus serving as a primary structured source rather than merely an infrastructure or tool." + }, + { + "filename": "112_IDAR2016-0221-PAD-09012016", + "page": 47, + "text": "The MDLF will be responsible for monitoring and evaluation activities under this proposed project, including the achievement of the PDO, project outcomes, and physical, fiduciary, and safeguard performance. The MoLG will be responsible for providing technical input to the MDLF, namely all of the technical aspects of procurement, achieved results per result indicators to monitor progress toward PDO, and details of the proposed project activities. The monitoring and evaluation activities will also include the results that are not captured in the results framework, such as semi-annual feedback collection from the proposed project participating urban areas and subsequent fine-tuning of the proposed project activities. A structured assessment of capacity developed through this proposed project is also planned at the mid-term and end of the project. MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the FMIS to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results-based M & E system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the MDLF-implemented various projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives. As such, no additional arrangements or staff is required for the M & E of this proposed project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1134, + 1171, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the FMIS to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results-based M & E system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the MDLF-implemented various projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Program Management Information System (PGMIS) is a tool used for data aggregation and management, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that automates data aggregation, storage, and presentation", + "not mentioned as a provider of original data but as a tool for data management", + "contains the words 'Program Management Information System', indicating it functions more as a system than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Program Management Information System' clearly points to a system designed for managing data rather than constituting a dataset itself. The text explicitly states that this system is used for automating data aggregation and storage, which indicates that it is part of an infrastructure supporting various projects. The model may have been confused because the term is capitalized and could fit the form of a dataset; it also follows other terms related to data analysis. However, it does not provide original data or structured records of its own. It acts as a tool that enables the aggregation of data from various sources rather than being one of those sources itself. Hence, distinguishing between a system (PGMIS) and the actual datasets it may utilize suggests that it should not be labeled as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Program Management Information System' functions as a tool for data management rather than a dataset itself; it automates processes but does not serve as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "112_IDAR2016-0221-PAD-09012016", + "page": 47, + "text": "The MDLF will be responsible for monitoring and evaluation activities under this proposed project, including the achievement of the PDO, project outcomes, and physical, fiduciary, and safeguard performance. The MoLG will be responsible for providing technical input to the MDLF, namely all of the technical aspects of procurement, achieved results per result indicators to monitor progress toward PDO, and details of the proposed project activities. The monitoring and evaluation activities will also include the results that are not captured in the results framework, such as semi-annual feedback collection from the proposed project participating urban areas and subsequent fine-tuning of the proposed project activities. A structured assessment of capacity developed through this proposed project is also planned at the mid-term and end of the project. MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the FMIS to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results-based M & E system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the MDLF-implemented various projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives. As such, no additional arrangements or staff is required for the M & E of this proposed project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1197, + 1201, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "MDLF has been performing at a satisfactory level to collect, aggregate, and analyze results achieved by municipalities under the MDP-II and the MoLG under LGSIP as both programs \u2019 implementing agency. The MDLF has a robust monitoring and evaluation system that uses a web-based Program Management Information System ( PGMIS ) as well as the FMIS to automate data aggregation, storage, and presentation as part of a results-based M & E system. The MDLF \u2019 s Results-Based Monitoring Manual ( RBMM ) has aligned the individual objectives of the MDLF-implemented various projects and programs with the PA \u2019 s NDP strategic objectives.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "FMIS refers to a Financial Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that automates data aggregation", + "mentioned alongside another system (PGMIS) used for data purposes", + "not explicitly described as a structured collection of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'FMIS' within the provided context, it is clear that it functions as a Financial Management Information System. This categorization establishes it as a system/tool designed to handle data rather than as a standalone dataset. The context surrounding 'FMIS' indicates that it is part of broader infrastructure ('a robust monitoring and evaluation system') that automates data processes such as aggregation and storage. While the model might have extracted it as a dataset due to the phrases suggesting data aggregation abilities, the emphasis is more on the tool's functionality rather than its role as a dataset. Such tools, while they may contain data, are not datasets themselves unless explicitly described as sources of analysis. The mention of another system (PGMIS) and the lack of clarity around it being a dataset reinforced the notion that FMIS is indeed a system rather than a concrete data source. Factors contributing to potential model confusion include its appearance in proximity to data-related terminology and the capitalization suggesting it could be a proper name for a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'FMIS' is not a dataset in this context; it refers to a system that automates data processes rather than being a structured source of data intended for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 14, + "text": "2 5. Chad \u2019 s high rate of monetary poverty is accompanied by very low human development indicators. Chad ranked at 185 out of 188 countries in the 2015 Human Development Index. The adult literacy rate was 47 percent, the literacy rate for men being 53. 8 percent and that for women, 44. 0 percent. In 2013, the primary school completion rate stood at 38 percent, and 56 percent of 6 - to 24-year olds were not enrolled in school. In the last decade, there have been noticeable improvements in health indicators, but challenges remain, including with child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios. The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2014 \u2013 2015 reports the child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios as 65 per 1, 000, 72 per 1, 000, and 860 per 100, 000 respectively. Despite some recent improvements, the access to basic social services remains low and the number of poor and vulnerable will increase with the decline of Government spending because of the fall in oil prices and the fragile security environment. Moreover, these and other human development indicators confirm that women are more disadvantaged than men, especially when it comes to access to education and health services. 6. Poverty is strongly correlated to malnutrition, which is affecting all regions of Chad.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 601, + 634, + "named" + ], + [ + 5, + 9, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 101, + 105, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 148, + 152, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 635, + 646, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1279, + 1283, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1300, + 1318, + "Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In the last decade, there have been noticeable improvements in health indicators, but challenges remain, including with child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios. The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2014 \u2013 2015 reports the child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios as 65 per 1, 000, 72 per 1, 000, and 860 per 100, 000 respectively. Despite some recent improvements, the access to basic social services remains low and the number of poor and vulnerable will increase with the decline of Government spending because of the fall in oil prices and the fragile security environment.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess various indicators related to child and maternal health, education, and other socio-economic factors.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018reports the child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios\u2019", + "used to assess health, education, and socio-economic factors", + "treated as a primary source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' clearly refers to a survey that provides specific statistical indicators on child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios. The phrase 'reports the child, infant, and maternal mortality ratios' directly indicates that it is serving as a data source for these particular metrics, which aligns with the definition of a dataset. Though it carries the name of a survey, it is understood here as a structured collection of data rather than simply a project or platform. The lack of any indication that it is just an information system or tool\u2014such as references to functionalities beyond data collection\u2014helps clarify that it is indeed functioning as a dataset in this context. A potential confusion factor for models might arise from the survey being referenced as a project name, which could lead to some ambiguity in whether it\u2019s a data source or merely a project associated with data collection, though the surrounding context resolves that uncertainty decisively in favor of it being classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey' is appropriately classified as a dataset because it serves as a primary source of structured statistical data on health indicators, clearly referenced in the context as reporting specific ratios." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 37, + "text": "25 vulnerable individuals or families, including those to help cope with consequences of economic or other shock. Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Female ( number ) This indicator measures female participation in SSN programs. It has the same definition as the \" Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs \" but applies only to female. This indicator will yield a measure of coverage of SSN projects disaggregate d by gender ( in absolute numbers ) Yearly MIS Reports CFS Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Unconditional cash transfers ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas. Yearly MIS reports CFS Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Cash-for-work, food-for-work and public works ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas. Yearly MIS reports CFS Share of beneficiaries who live below the poverty line % of beneficiaries with an annual consumption below the poverty line Once Targeting assessment CFS Intermediate Results Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Number of days worked This is an aggregate figure for all beneficiaries.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 612, + 620, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It has the same definition as the \" Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs \" but applies only to female. This indicator will yield a measure of coverage of SSN projects disaggregate d by gender ( in absolute numbers ) Yearly MIS Reports CFS Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Unconditional cash transfers ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas. Yearly MIS reports CFS Beneficiaries of Safety Nets programs - Cash-for-work, food-for-work and public works ( number ) Follows the safety nets programs \u2019 classification used in SP Atlas.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SP Atlas is referenced as a classification system for safety nets programs, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a classification used in project reports", + "mentioned within context of MIS reports", + "does not provide explicit data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'SP Atlas' is referred to as a classification system for safety net programs. The phrase 'Follows the safety nets programs\u2019 classification used in SP Atlas' indicates that it serves to categorize or classify the data rather than being a source of raw data itself. The reference to MIS reports suggests that actual data is stored elsewhere and is likely being organized or analyzed according to the classifications provided by SP Atlas. Therefore, 'SP Atlas' does not function here as a dataset in the traditional sense, but rather as a framework for understanding data about safety nets. The confusion may arise from its capitalized format, resembling a proper name that could denote a dataset, and its placement in a sentence that discusses data collection methods. However, it lacks the necessary context to be classified as a tangible dataset, as it does not directly hold records or indicators in its own right.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SP Atlas is not treated as a dataset in this context; it serves as a classification framework for safety net programs rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 42, + "text": "30 terms of nutrition as any deficiencies not resolved by the end of this period is very likely to be irreversible. To also encourage older children to receive adequate nutrition and benefit from routine health check-ups, the targeting range includes all households with children under the age of 12 years old including pregnant women. In rural Chad, almost all poor households have children under the age of 12 years old. 17. The program will reach an estimated 6, 200 poor households, in both the southern Sudanian and Sahel regions. The analytical work preceding the preparation of the project indicates that chronic poverty and vulnerability is present in the southern Sudanian region. For example, comparisons between 2003 and 2011 household surveys ( ECOSIT 2 and 3 ) the food poverty rate increased substantially in the three southern regions ( Guera and Salamat from 35 percent to 42 percent and Logone Occidental from 38. 6 percent to 46. 4 percent ). However, the southern Sudanian region has few existing SP programs and interventions by donor partners are very limited, while the Government has virtually no assistance programs. In the Sahel area, there is a noticeable presence of development partners, responding to cyclical food insecurity.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 757, + 763, + "named" + ], + [ + 255, + 309, + "ECOSIT <> reference population" + ], + [ + 345, + 349, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 362, + 377, + "ECOSIT <> reference population" + ], + [ + 521, + 534, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 664, + 688, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 723, + 727, + "ECOSIT <> reference year" + ], + [ + 732, + 736, + "ECOSIT <> publication year" + ], + [ + 737, + 754, + "ECOSIT <> data type" + ], + [ + 778, + 795, + "ECOSIT <> data description" + ], + [ + 852, + 857, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 862, + 869, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ], + [ + 904, + 921, + "ECOSIT <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The analytical work preceding the preparation of the project indicates that chronic poverty and vulnerability is present in the southern Sudanian region. For example, comparisons between 2003 and 2011 household surveys ( ECOSIT 2 and 3 ) the food poverty rate increased substantially in the three southern regions ( Guera and Salamat from 35 percent to 42 percent and Logone Occidental from 38. 6 percent to 46.", + "type": "household survey", + "explanation": "ECOSIT refers to a series of household surveys that collect data on food poverty rates and other socio-economic indicators, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as household surveys", + "providing specific socio-economic indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, ECOSIT is clearly identified as a series of household surveys, which are systematic research efforts designed to collect qualitative and quantitative data on households. The phrase 'compared between 2003 and 2011 household surveys (ECOSIT 2 and 3)' explicitly implies that these are structured data sources of record regarding food poverty rates. The mention of these surveys in conjunction with specific poverty rates reinforces this idea that ECOSIT is indeed functioning as a collection of datasets, rather than purely as a project or management information system. Thus, it is treated as a structured data source. A model may have been confused here if it interpreted the term 'ECOSIT' as solely a project name without recognizing its specificity to household data collection. However, the surrounding context makes it clear that it is a dataset-like entity, as it provides concrete data that supports the analysis presented.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ECOSIT is treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to specific household surveys that collect and present structured socio-economic data, clearly functioning as a source of data for the analysis rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 44, + "text": "32 on electronic devices ( such as tablets or laptops with card readers ). This information will then be transmitted confidentially to the CFS beneficiary database for the project and will be included in the registry. This database will contain all of the information related to the registration of beneficiaries and their updates as well as their payment information. It will also retain information on the other households that were surveyed during the PMT survey, but who were not eligible for the CT program. The development of unique identifier numbers for each household included in the registry is crucial for coordinating different safety net and other social programs using the database. 25. Accompanying measures will help improve awareness and behaviors at household level in support of human development, especially child growth and nutrition. These accompanying measures will be limited to demand-side measures and include information on the project \u2019 s objectives and social and behavior change communication for improved welfare and human capital of the household. The component will support training for and delivery of social and behavior change communication services, including advocacy, group education, and interpersonal communication on nutrition, basic health care and sanitation to all participating households. It is expected that most sessions will take place during payment days, every two months. A study will be undertaken during project preparation to explore and define possible themes and delivery mechanisms.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 139, + 163, + "named" + ], + [ + 348, + 367, + "CFS beneficiary database <> data description" + ], + [ + 532, + 557, + "CFS beneficiary database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "32 on electronic devices ( such as tablets or laptops with card readers ). This information will then be transmitted confidentially to the CFS beneficiary database for the project and will be included in the registry. This database will contain all of the information related to the registration of beneficiaries and their updates as well as their payment information.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The CFS beneficiary database is a structured collection of data containing information related to the registration of beneficiaries, their updates, and payment information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "contains information related to registration of beneficiaries", + "will be included in the registry", + "transmitted confidentially to the database" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CFS beneficiary database' is explicitly described as containing structured data about the registration of beneficiaries, their updates, and their payment information. The phrases provide clarity that this is not merely a project name or a system, but rather a dedicated repository for managing specific, structured data. The use of the term 'database' implies that it serves the primary purpose of data storage and access. While it could be confused with a project title due to its naming convention, the surrounding context clearly indicates it functions as a dataset for analysis and reporting purposes. Thus, it aligns more accurately with 'dataset' than with the broader notions of system or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CFS beneficiary database' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly described as containing structured information relevant to the registration process, thus fulfilling the role of a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 44, + "text": "32 on electronic devices ( such as tablets or laptops with card readers ). This information will then be transmitted confidentially to the CFS beneficiary database for the project and will be included in the registry. This database will contain all of the information related to the registration of beneficiaries and their updates as well as their payment information. It will also retain information on the other households that were surveyed during the PMT survey, but who were not eligible for the CT program. The development of unique identifier numbers for each household included in the registry is crucial for coordinating different safety net and other social programs using the database. 25. Accompanying measures will help improve awareness and behaviors at household level in support of human development, especially child growth and nutrition. These accompanying measures will be limited to demand-side measures and include information on the project \u2019 s objectives and social and behavior change communication for improved welfare and human capital of the household. The component will support training for and delivery of social and behavior change communication services, including advocacy, group education, and interpersonal communication on nutrition, basic health care and sanitation to all participating households. It is expected that most sessions will take place during payment days, every two months. A study will be undertaken during project preparation to explore and define possible themes and delivery mechanisms.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 455, + 465, + "named" + ], + [ + 348, + 367, + "PMT survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 414, + 424, + "PMT survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This database will contain all of the information related to the registration of beneficiaries and their updates as well as their payment information. It will also retain information on the other households that were surveyed during the PMT survey, but who were not eligible for the CT program. The development of unique identifier numbers for each household included in the registry is crucial for coordinating different safety net and other social programs using the database.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The PMT survey refers to a structured collection of data related to the eligibility of households for the CT program, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a survey, not as a data source", + "refers to information on households not eligible for the program", + "implies a process rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'PMT survey' is referred to in the context of a broader program where data from this survey is used to inform the database that contains information about beneficiaries and eligibility. The term itself doesn't imply that it operates as a standalone dataset but rather indicates a type of data collection about non-eligible households. It behaves more like a survey process or project contributing information but not existing as a concrete dataset or database on its own. The confusion might come from the term sounding like a structured data source. However, since it\u2019s not presented as a data repository and lacks explicit reference to datasets, it leads to the decision that it's not a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'PMT survey' functions more as a survey process than a dataset in this context, focusing on eligibility rather than structuring its own data." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 45, + "text": "By having a database with larger geographical coverage, when crises / shocks happen, humanitarian organizations and government agencies will be able to respond faster and in a more coordinated way. The social registry and business functions for the two safety net pilots will be supported by the MIS developed under this Component 2 during the project. As the social registry \u2019 s use is expanded in the future, it can potentially de-linked from this MIS and have its own information system to facilitate flow of information between the social registry and other programs. 30. Payment system. The project will support the development of a payment system for Government safety nets. The payment system would enable Government to distribute the correct amount of benefits to the right people, at the right time, and with the right frequency, while minimizing transaction costs for both the program and the beneficiaries and allowing increased transparency and accountability of financial transactions. The project will use a small number of payment agencies to provide payments to beneficiaries and the selection of payment agencies will be supported by existing ( or new ) information outlining the various agencies and resources available, their pros and cons in the project areas and humanitarian and UN agencies experience for paying cash benefits in Chad. Payment agencies may be selected in each region based on the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 296, + 299, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "By having a database with larger geographical coverage, when crises / shocks happen, humanitarian organizations and government agencies will be able to respond faster and in a more coordinated way. The social registry and business functions for the two safety net pilots will be supported by the MIS developed under this Component 2 during the project. As the social registry \u2019 s use is expanded in the future, it can potentially de-linked from this MIS and have its own information system to facilitate flow of information between the social registry and other programs.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing information rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system that supports business functions", + "described as developed under a project component", + "is not presented as a primary source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is clearly described as a Management Information System designed to support the project's activities, specifically for the social registry and safety net pilots. The text emphasizes that the MIS is a supportive tool, not a standalone dataset. Phrases like 'developed under this Component 2' suggest it is a part of a larger project framework, indicating it functions as infrastructure rather than a data source. The model may have confused 'MIS' for a dataset because it appears in a technical or formal context, suggesting it has a structure or purpose. It was likely interpreted through the lens of project entities or systems that often contain datasets but do not qualify as datasets themselves in analytic discussions. A key aspect here is that the term 'MIS' can resemble a structured entity in context but lacks the explicit attribution of being a primary data source, thus drawing the line between a system and an actual dataset distinctly in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, a tool developed in the context of a project rather than a dataset. It supports various functions but is not utilized as a definitive data source for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 45, + "text": "By having a database with larger geographical coverage, when crises / shocks happen, humanitarian organizations and government agencies will be able to respond faster and in a more coordinated way. The social registry and business functions for the two safety net pilots will be supported by the MIS developed under this Component 2 during the project. As the social registry \u2019 s use is expanded in the future, it can potentially de-linked from this MIS and have its own information system to facilitate flow of information between the social registry and other programs. 30. Payment system. The project will support the development of a payment system for Government safety nets. The payment system would enable Government to distribute the correct amount of benefits to the right people, at the right time, and with the right frequency, while minimizing transaction costs for both the program and the beneficiaries and allowing increased transparency and accountability of financial transactions. The project will use a small number of payment agencies to provide payments to beneficiaries and the selection of payment agencies will be supported by existing ( or new ) information outlining the various agencies and resources available, their pros and cons in the project areas and humanitarian and UN agencies experience for paying cash benefits in Chad. Payment agencies may be selected in each region based on the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 450, + 453, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The social registry and business functions for the two safety net pilots will be supported by the MIS developed under this Component 2 during the project. As the social registry \u2019 s use is expanded in the future, it can potentially de-linked from this MIS and have its own information system to facilitate flow of information between the social registry and other programs. 30.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing information rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a Management Information System that stores records", + "described in the context of a project not specifically as a data source", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System which serves as a tool for managing and processing information rather than serving as a concrete dataset. The text discusses it in the context of its role in supporting pilots under a project component, emphasizing its function as part of a system or infrastructure rather than a direct source of data itself. The mention of \u2018potentially de-linked\u2019 suggests that it may not always provide data in a straightforward manner, highlighting its nature as a system rather than a dataset. The term may cause confusion due to its capitalization and potential interpretation as a proper noun or recognized entity, which could lead a model to wrongly categorize it as a dataset. However, the surrounding context indicates that it is not being utilized as a dataset, as it does not provide any structured records explicitly used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' is not a dataset but a Management Information System that serves as a tool or infrastructure for managing data rather than a dataset in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 60, + "text": "48 second cycle of activities. The Mid Term Review will take into account the results of the evaluations and readjust the project activities accordingly. 38. The process evaluation will use several sources of data. The MIS and regular monitoring reports will produce information on whether the key elements of the safety nets system ( targeting mechanism, payment, MIS ) have been adequately developed. The process evaluation will include interviews with local implementing partners, such as payment agencies and NGOs in charge of the accompanying measures, to identify bottlenecks and recommend solutions. A small qualitative beneficiary assessment might be carried out to complete the process evaluation to assess the satisfaction of direct beneficiaries with payment procedures, accompanying measures and with the benefits they will have received. 39. Targeting assessment. The project targeting approach will be refined as the project starts implementation and on the basis of specific studies supported by the ASP MDTF. The result of the targeting assessment will support the preparation of the manuals. The proposed approach is as follows: Beneficiary households will be selected combining community, geographical, and poverty approaches; and will include a census of all village households in select areas, categorical targeting ( households with children under the age of 12 or with pregnant women ) and a simple PMT exercise.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 219, + 222, + "named" + ], + [ + 1146, + 1168, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The process evaluation will use several sources of data. The MIS and regular monitoring reports will produce information on whether the key elements of the safety nets system ( targeting mechanism, payment, MIS ) have been adequately developed. The process evaluation will include interviews with local implementing partners, such as payment agencies and NGOs in charge of the accompanying measures, to identify bottlenecks and recommend solutions.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an information system", + "not used as a direct data source", + "enumerated with other descriptions of the safety nets system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers specifically to a management information system. It is associated with the process evaluation and mentioned alongside other components of the safety nets system but is not referenced as a direct data source for analysis purposes. The phrase 'will produce information on whether the key elements have been adequately developed' suggests it supports evaluations rather than being a dataset in itself. This distinction is critical: while MIS typically involves data storage and utilization, its function here leans towards overseeing and providing structured information rather than acting as a standalone dataset. The extraction model might have confused 'MIS' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and association with data but overlooked its use as a system in this sentence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it functions as a management information system that assists in evaluations rather than serving directly as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 60, + "text": "Data will be collected for all pre-selected households, following a list of variables and based on the experience of other targeting techniques, namely the HE A. This will allow the calculation of a PMT score to be used to confirm preselected households, reduce potential inclusion errors and make the final selection. The community will then discuss the list and validate it if in agreement. Comparison of the poverty ranking of the actual beneficiaries with the national survey poverty criteria at different levels will provide the basis for estimating the extent of any inclusion and exclusion errors ( ECOSIT 2011 is the most recent national household survey, but a new one is expected to be conducted in 2016 ). 40. M & E capacity building. An important objective of the project is to strengthen the national M & E capacity for SSNs and other social programs and develop harmonized tools for identifying and registering beneficiaries of SSNs covered by different programs. The project will provide significant support and TA to the Government to develop a robust MIS and to reinforce the capacity of the CFS in the management of such system even after the Project closure.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 606, + 617, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The community will then discuss the list and validate it if in agreement. Comparison of the poverty ranking of the actual beneficiaries with the national survey poverty criteria at different levels will provide the basis for estimating the extent of any inclusion and exclusion errors ( ECOSIT 2011 is the most recent national household survey, but a new one is expected to be conducted in 2016 ). 40.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECOSIT 2011 refers to a national household survey that collects data on poverty, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the most recent national household survey", + "provides the basis for estimating errors", + "explicitly mentioned in relation to data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECOSIT 2011' is clearly indicated to be the most recent national household survey, which implies that it is a structured collection of data on households in relation to poverty. The phrase 'national household survey' signals that it contains specific data collected systematically, distinguishing it from merely being a project name or an information system. Moreover, it serves as a basis for estimating different data measurements, further reinforcing its role as a dataset. Although models might confuse it with a project name due to its acronym and numerical designation, the explicit mention of data collection aligns it with the notion of a dataset rather than just a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ECOSIT 2011' is indeed treated as a dataset because it refers explicitly to a national household survey that collects structured data about poverty, which is used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 65, + "text": "53 Annex 5: Economic Analysis Chad: Safety Nets Project 1. This economic analysis provides an ex ante estimate of the program \u2019 s potential impact on poverty and consumption for different benefit scenarios. 2. The main source of data for this analysis is the ECOSIT national household survey that was carried out by the National Statistical Office in 2011. This survey included all 20 regions of the country. In total, 9, 259 households were surveyed, covering 49, 985 individuals. The sample was stratified into 20 clusters per region, of which 12 were urban and 8 were rural, apart from the capital, N ' Djamena, where 100 clusters were surveyed and all were classified as urban. Using the weighting methodology provided by the National Statistics Office, this survey corresponds to representing a population of 10, 015, 591. The survey data was collected between June and July 2011. For estimates of the costs in the United States of different benefit scenarios, the exchange rate of XAF 585 per U. S. dollar is used. 3. The ECOSIT 2011 data is the most recent nationally representative consumption data. However, it is five years old and it is likely that the country has experienced changes in consumption at the household level, the average household composition and the distribution of the population across the country.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 259, + 291, + "named" + ], + [ + 320, + 347, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> author" + ], + [ + 351, + 355, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 419, + 436, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 461, + 480, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 880, + 884, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1035, + 1039, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1064, + 1106, + "ECOSIT national household survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. The main source of data for this analysis is the ECOSIT national household survey that was carried out by the National Statistical Office in 2011. This survey included all 20 regions of the country.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ECOSIT national household survey is a structured collection of data collected from households in Chad, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018main source of data for this analysis\u2019", + "described as a survey that included all regions", + "explicitly mentioned as conducted by a national statistical office" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'ECOSIT national household survey' is treated as a dataset based on several contextual signals. Firstly, it is presented as the 'main source of data for this analysis', which establishes it as a primary data source rather than just a project or system. Additionally, the phrase indicates that it is a survey, which typically suggests structured data collection\u2014reinforcing the idea that it consists of records gathered from households. The reference to the National Statistical Office, a reputable institution, further solidifies its credibility as a dataset. The distinction here lies in the explicit role of the survey in data analysis; it is not just a project or program but rather a concrete dataset used for empirical insights. While one might confuse it with a system or tool based on the formal nature of its name, the context clarifies its role as a definitive dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'ECOSIT national household survey' is classified as a dataset because it is clearly identified as the main source of data for the analysis and is described as a structured survey carried out by a recognized national authority." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 65, + "text": "53 Annex 5: Economic Analysis Chad: Safety Nets Project 1. This economic analysis provides an ex ante estimate of the program \u2019 s potential impact on poverty and consumption for different benefit scenarios. 2. The main source of data for this analysis is the ECOSIT national household survey that was carried out by the National Statistical Office in 2011. This survey included all 20 regions of the country. In total, 9, 259 households were surveyed, covering 49, 985 individuals. The sample was stratified into 20 clusters per region, of which 12 were urban and 8 were rural, apart from the capital, N ' Djamena, where 100 clusters were surveyed and all were classified as urban. Using the weighting methodology provided by the National Statistics Office, this survey corresponds to representing a population of 10, 015, 591. The survey data was collected between June and July 2011. For estimates of the costs in the United States of different benefit scenarios, the exchange rate of XAF 585 per U. S. dollar is used. 3. The ECOSIT 2011 data is the most recent nationally representative consumption data. However, it is five years old and it is likely that the country has experienced changes in consumption at the household level, the average household composition and the distribution of the population across the country.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1028, + 1044, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3. The ECOSIT 2011 data is the most recent nationally representative consumption data. However, it is five years old and it is likely that the country has experienced changes in consumption at the household level, the average household composition and the distribution of the population across the country.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The ECOSIT 2011 data refers to a national household survey conducted in Chad, which is a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as nationally representative consumption data", + "indicates structured collection of data used for analysis", + "explicitly mentions ECOSIT 2011 data in context of household levels" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ECOSIT 2011 data' refers explicitly to a set of consumption data derived from a national household survey. It is presented in a way that clearly identifies it as a structured collection of information, not merely as a project or system. The phrase 'most recent nationally representative consumption data' strongly suggests that this is actively employed for analysis, reinforcing the notion of it being an actual dataset rather than just an MIS or project name. A model may have been confused thinking it could represent a project because 'ECOSIT' itself could function as a label for a program; however, in this case, the specific mention of 'data' and its characterization mitigate such confusion by clarifying its purpose as a dataset. Thus, I conclude it is a valid dataset reference here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'ECOSIT 2011 data' is identified as a dataset in this context due to its description as structured consumption data from a national survey, indicating its use for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "113_Project-Appraisal-Document-PAD-disclosable-version-P156479-08122016", + "page": 65, + "text": "These are key variables in computing estimated potential impacts on poverty and consumption. Therefore, if updated, nationally representative consumption data becomes available, it should be considered. 4. The benchmark benefit scenarios considered in this analysis are the following: ( a ) CfW pilot. XAF 1, 200 per day wage for 80 days of work implemented in N ' Djamena ( b ) CT pilot. XAF 15, 000 per month per household for a period of 24 months ( paid every two months ) implemented in one Sahel region and one Sudanian region 5. Based on the ECOSIT data, these benefit packages will cover at least 40 percent of the food poverty gap in the respective regions in which the pilots will be implemented. 6. Table 5. 1 summarizes the estimated impact on poverty and consumption of the benefits provided through the CfW pilot. This shows that the benchmark scenario of 80 days at XAF 1, 200 per day could cover 40 percent of the food poverty gap. Given an expected budget of US $ 2. 0 million for the implementation of this subcomponent, it is estimated that up to 9, 000 individuals could participate in the pilot.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 549, + 560, + "named" + ], + [ + 496, + 508, + "ECOSIT data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 517, + 532, + "ECOSIT data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1132, + 1150, + "ECOSIT data <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "XAF 15, 000 per month per household for a period of 24 months ( paid every two months ) implemented in one Sahel region and one Sudanian region 5. Based on the ECOSIT data, these benefit packages will cover at least 40 percent of the food poverty gap in the respective regions in which the pilots will be implemented. 6.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "ECOSIT data refers to a structured collection of consumption data that is nationally representative, making it suitable for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Based on'", + "described in terms of data usage for analysis", + "implied as a structured collection relevant to research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'ECOSIT data' is presented in a way that indicates it is being used as a foundational data source for analysis regarding food poverty gaps in specific regions. The phrase 'Based on the ECOSIT data' signals that it is a direct source of information driving the analysis, which is a strong indicator that it functions more like a dataset than a mere project name or name of a management system. Given that 'ECOSIT' appears to be tied to consumption data with national representation and is referenced for direct empirical analysis, it supports its classification as a dataset. Although it could theoretically refer to a project or a system, the specific phrasing here strongly leans towards it being a textual reference for a concrete dataset used in this study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'ECOSIT data' behaves as a real dataset mention since it is explicitly referenced as the basis for analysis, suggesting it is a structured dataset rather than merely a project name or system." + }, + { + "filename": "115_PAD1678-PAD-P152822-IDA-R2016-0090-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 105, + "text": "District accountants will coordinate the follow up of accountabilities from the communities with the subcounty accountants. The Public Financial Management Act 2015 and related Regulations; Treasury Accounting Instructions, 2003; Local Government Act; Local Government ( Financial and Accounting ) Regulations, 2007; and Local Government Financial Management Manual. SUN Accounting System but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) June 30 Djibouti: Agence Djiboutienne de D\u00e9veloppement Social ( Djiboutian Social Development Agency, ADDS ) ADDS accounting staff under the Department of Accounting includes a finance officer who reports to the \u201c Agent Comptable, \u201d but the PIU will need to recruit an accountant who will be responsible for all financial management aspects of the project. Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project. TOMPRO Accounting system and a management information system that needs to improve its functionality with respect to its reporting mechanism. December 31 Internal Control and Internal Audit Arrangements 57. Internal controls. The internal control procedures will be documented in the financial management manuals that are shown in the table 4. 1 for each of the implementing entities and their PIMs that will take into consideration gaps in their existing financial management manuals", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 367, + 388, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Public Financial Management Act 2015 and related Regulations; Treasury Accounting Instructions, 2003; Local Government Act; Local Government ( Financial and Accounting ) Regulations, 2007; and Local Government Financial Management Manual. SUN Accounting System but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) June 30 Djibouti: Agence Djiboutienne de D\u00e9veloppement Social ( Djiboutian Social Development Agency, ADDS ) ADDS accounting staff under the Department of Accounting includes a finance officer who reports to the \u201c Agent Comptable, \u201d but the PIU will need to recruit an accountant who will be responsible for all financial management aspects of the project. Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "The SUN Accounting System is a software tool used for accounting purposes, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside regulatory frameworks", + "capsulated as a system", + "implied software tool", + "accompanied by future migration to another system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SUN Accounting System' is clearly referenced as a system or tool used for accounting tasks rather than a dataset in the sense that it holds raw data for analysis. The phrasing around it indicates that it is part of the infrastructure supporting financial management. Phrases like 'but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS)' underline that this system is a software platform, potentially storing records but not explicitly treated as a dataset for analysis. The model may have identified it as a dataset due to its appearance in the text, perhaps misinterpreting the context that situates it as a tool rather than a source of data used directly for analysis. The capitalization also likely contributed to the confusion, making it resemble a proper noun which can often denote datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The SUN Accounting System functions as a software tool or management information system, rather than a standalone dataset for analysis, hence it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "115_PAD1678-PAD-P152822-IDA-R2016-0090-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 105, + "text": "District accountants will coordinate the follow up of accountabilities from the communities with the subcounty accountants. The Public Financial Management Act 2015 and related Regulations; Treasury Accounting Instructions, 2003; Local Government Act; Local Government ( Financial and Accounting ) Regulations, 2007; and Local Government Financial Management Manual. SUN Accounting System but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) June 30 Djibouti: Agence Djiboutienne de D\u00e9veloppement Social ( Djiboutian Social Development Agency, ADDS ) ADDS accounting staff under the Department of Accounting includes a finance officer who reports to the \u201c Agent Comptable, \u201d but the PIU will need to recruit an accountant who will be responsible for all financial management aspects of the project. Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project. TOMPRO Accounting system and a management information system that needs to improve its functionality with respect to its reporting mechanism. December 31 Internal Control and Internal Audit Arrangements 57. Internal controls. The internal control procedures will be documented in the financial management manuals that are shown in the table 4. 1 for each of the implementing entities and their PIMs that will take into consideration gaps in their existing financial management manuals", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 418, + 468, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Public Financial Management Act 2015 and related Regulations; Treasury Accounting Instructions, 2003; Local Government Act; Local Government ( Financial and Accounting ) Regulations, 2007; and Local Government Financial Management Manual. SUN Accounting System but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) June 30 Djibouti: Agence Djiboutienne de D\u00e9veloppement Social ( Djiboutian Social Development Agency, ADDS ) ADDS accounting staff under the Department of Accounting includes a finance officer who reports to the \u201c Agent Comptable, \u201d but the PIU will need to recruit an accountant who will be responsible for all financial management aspects of the project. Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is a software system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned alongside another system", + "not presented as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS)' is clearly referenced as a management information system rather than a dataset. It is being discussed in relation to its potential migration from another system (the SUN Accounting System), which indicates that it serves as an infrastructure for financial management rather than a source of structured data for analysis. The surrounding text suggests roles and responsibilities regarding financial management rather than data collection; therefore, it doesn't behave as a proper dataset here. The model may have confused this term for a dataset because it follows a structure of being capitalized and is possibly perceived as containing data, but it is not explicitly referred to as containing datasets or records in this context. The distinction is crucial, as a dataset should be a collection of data that can be analyzed, while this is more of a system or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) is referenced as a management information system rather than a specific dataset in this context. It is not presented as a structured collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "115_PAD1678-PAD-P152822-IDA-R2016-0090-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 105, + "text": "District accountants will coordinate the follow up of accountabilities from the communities with the subcounty accountants. The Public Financial Management Act 2015 and related Regulations; Treasury Accounting Instructions, 2003; Local Government Act; Local Government ( Financial and Accounting ) Regulations, 2007; and Local Government Financial Management Manual. SUN Accounting System but likely to migrate to the Integrated Financial Management Information System ( IFMIS ) June 30 Djibouti: Agence Djiboutienne de D\u00e9veloppement Social ( Djiboutian Social Development Agency, ADDS ) ADDS accounting staff under the Department of Accounting includes a finance officer who reports to the \u201c Agent Comptable, \u201d but the PIU will need to recruit an accountant who will be responsible for all financial management aspects of the project. Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project. TOMPRO Accounting system and a management information system that needs to improve its functionality with respect to its reporting mechanism. December 31 Internal Control and Internal Audit Arrangements 57. Internal controls. The internal control procedures will be documented in the financial management manuals that are shown in the table 4. 1 for each of the implementing entities and their PIMs that will take into consideration gaps in their existing financial management manuals", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 921, + 945, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project Financial Operation Manual, which needs to be updated to cover this project. TOMPRO Accounting system and a management information system that needs to improve its functionality with respect to its reporting mechanism. December 31 Internal Control and Internal Audit Arrangements 57.", + "type": "accounting system", + "explanation": "The TOMPRO Accounting system is a tool used for financial management, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TOMPRO Accounting system' is explicitly referred to as a management information system (MIS), which typically serves as a tool for data management rather than a dataset itself. The context suggests it's meant for financial management and requires improvements in its reporting capabilities, indicating it functions primarily as a system to manage financial data rather than containing a structured dataset for analysis. The presence of 'system' in its description emphasizes its role as a tool rather than a standalone dataset. This could confuse a model that associates the term 'system' with data collection without understanding the specific function or usage of that system in context. Therefore, distinguishing between a mere tool (system) and a structured collection of data (dataset) is crucial here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'TOMPRO Accounting system' is not a dataset; it is described as a management information system and serves as a tool for financial management rather than as a structured source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "115_PAD1678-PAD-P152822-IDA-R2016-0090-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 121, + "text": "The procurement capacity assessment considers whether the system provides reasonable assurance that the proceeds under the project will be used for intended purposes, with due attention to the principles of economy, efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, and accountability. This procurement assessment, for DRDIP in Ethiopia, included a Federal institution namely Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and regional and woreda level institutions in Afar, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambela, Somali and Tigray Regional States. The procurement capacity assessment was carried out using P-RAMS questionnaire which consider 11 risk factors associated with procurement of each institution assessed. Previous capacity assessments carried out in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, as well as findings of procurement audits were also used as input to this procurement capacity assessment. 100. The procurement legal framework and systems of all assessed regions and woredas have, among others, provisions and requirements for realistic procurement planning, competitive procurement being default procurement method and / or selections procedures, use of Standard Bidding Documents and Standard Request For Proposals; requirements for bid evaluations to be made based only on criteria specified in the issued bidding Documents / RFPs etc. But the major limitations observed in almost all institutions / offices is that procuring entities do not fully comply to this legal requirements and actual procurement processing may not be as per the provided procurement legal framework. The specific procurement risks related to the Ethiopia, Regional Operation on Development Response to Displacement Impacts are: ( a ) though all the regional states and woredas assessed do have reasonably acceptable procurement legal framework and systems, the practical implementation of the rules and policies is assessed to be very irregular and therefore may pose high risk to the planned operation under the project; ( b )", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 587, + 607, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This procurement assessment, for DRDIP in Ethiopia, included a Federal institution namely Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, and regional and woreda level institutions in Afar, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambela, Somali and Tigray Regional States. The procurement capacity assessment was carried out using P-RAMS questionnaire which consider 11 risk factors associated with procurement of each institution assessed. Previous capacity assessments carried out in the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, as well as findings of procurement audits were also used as input to this procurement capacity assessment.", + "type": "assessment tool", + "explanation": "The P-RAMS questionnaire is an assessment tool used to evaluate procurement capacity, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018using P-RAMS questionnaire\u2019 as a tool for assessment", + "described as an assessment tool, not a source of structured data", + "does not present records or statistics", + "focus of context is on evaluation capacity, not data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating whether 'P-RAMS questionnaire' refers to a dataset in this context, the phrase is clearly positioned as a tool used for an assessment, rather than a structured collection of data. The text specifies that the questionnaire is used for evaluating procurement capacity and lists specific risk factors it considers. This indicates its role as a methodology for analysis rather than a repository of data. Although this term might be capitalized and looks like it could be a project or system, it is explicitly described as a questionnaire, which is associated more with qualitative analysis than quantitative data storage. The likely confusion for models could arise from the formal designation of the term, which is similar to terms often labeled as datasets, particularly when found alongside phrases implying data use. However, in this case, the context does not support the classification of the P-RAMS questionnaire as a dataset, as it is focused on its function in evaluating capacity rather than serving as a source of structured records or statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'P-RAMS questionnaire' is not a dataset in this context; it is an assessment tool for procurement capacity evaluation." + }, + { + "filename": "116_PAD1510-PAD-P152821-IDA-R2016-0078-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 18, + "text": "This approach is especially important because the resettlement areas of Meheba and Mayukwayukwa in Zambia are located in the more geographically isolated, rural and poorer areas of the countries where access to key socio-economic facilities is low and poverty is high. In Zambia, only 46 percent of the rural population compared to 80 percent of urban dwellers are within 1 km of a school, while 28 percent of the rural population compared to 74 percent of urban dwellers are within 1 km of a health clinics. 6 Mayukwayukwa, for example, is located in Kaoma District, where the poverty rate of 82 percent is significantly higher than the national average of 62 percent. 7 Most people in both targeted Provinces live in rural areas, where access to key socio-economic facilities is low. 22. In this context, the refugee settlements with long involvement and dedicated investment by MoHA and UNHCR have actually achieved a higher degree of service provision in some sectors than many of the surrounding districts. Forty percent of the local population in Solwezi live more than 6 km away from a health post and 20 percent live more than 6 km away from a primary school, whereas none of the residents of the Meheba refugee settlement live more than 5 km away from such facilities. Investment in socio-economic and livelihood priorities for the surrounding communities therefore becomes important not only to ensure integration, but also ensure equity across this existing disparity and to address local development challenges. 23. Area Based Planning. Administration of the refugee settlements as designated areas by the MoHA has resulted in a serious disadvantage: the settlements are not included in wider area based development strategies or planning tools at the District or Provincial level. This has practical consequences. The initial design of the resettlement areas for former refugees was done in absence of consideration of the spatial economy of the wider Districts and Province or 6 Central Statistics Office, 2011, Living Conditions Monitoring Survey 2006 and 2010, p. 249 7 World Bank, 2015, Mapping Subnational Poverty in Zambia, p. 27 - 29", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 2026, + 2061, + "named" + ], + [ + 72, + 78, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 83, + 95, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 99, + 105, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 272, + 278, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 303, + 319, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 552, + 566, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1993, + 2018, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 2020, + 2024, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2062, + 2075, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 2086, + 2096, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 2098, + 2102, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2135, + 2141, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This has practical consequences. The initial design of the resettlement areas for former refugees was done in absence of consideration of the spatial economy of the wider Districts and Province or 6 Central Statistics Office, 2011, Living Conditions Monitoring Survey 2006 and 2010, p. 249 7 World Bank, 2015, Mapping Subnational Poverty in Zambia, p.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Conditions Monitoring Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess living conditions and socio-economic factors in Zambia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a survey collecting data", + "mentioned with year references relating to data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Living Conditions Monitoring Survey' appears to refer to a specific survey conducted by a recognized institution, namely the Central Statistics Office. This term is associated with structured data collection efforts focusing on living conditions and socio-economic factors. While it might imply a project or system, the context indicates it is treated as a source of data given the references to specific years (2006 and 2010) and the citation format that aligns with datasets. The presence of the word 'Survey' implies a structured approach to data collection, which further affirms its role as a dataset in this context. Therefore, although it could be the name of a project or system, it behaves primarily as a dataset concerning living conditions in Zambia. Confusion might stem from the fact that research often refers to surveys, projects, or systems that produce data, but the specific language used here solidifies its identification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Living Conditions Monitoring Survey' is treated as a dataset because it corresponds to a structured survey that collects specific data about living conditions, as distinguished by references to its conducting entity and specific years of data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "116_PAD1510-PAD-P152821-IDA-R2016-0078-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 21, + "text": "Two of these wards include the two resettlement areas of Meheba and Mayukwayukwa, the other 12 wards surround these areas. To date, these wards are located respectively in Kaoma district ( 179, 326 people ), Lukulu district ( 37, 231 people ), and Solwezi district ( 107, 794 people ). 12 The total target population in the three districts and 14 wards is 357, 95113 persons, of which 16, 800 former refugees. Beneficiaries also include up to 16, 800 eligible former refugees moving to the resettlement areas, and a matching number of Zambians provided access to land. It is expected that some of the investments, in particular the connective infrastructure, will benefit people in the wider Districts and even Province. C. PDO Level Results Indicators \uf0b7 Direct project beneficiaries ( number ) ( of which percentage female, former refugee, host community ) \uf0b7 Beneficiaries ( number ) with improved access to connective and socio-economic infrastructure ( of which percentage female, former refugees, host community ) \uf0b7 Percentage of beneficiaries of livelihood subprojects who report improved food security / income / welfare ( of which percentage female, most vulnerable ) 12 Given ongoing revisions of district boundaries resulting in the split of Solwezi and Kaoma districts, the targeted wards might eventually fall under different districts. 13 Zambia, 2010, Census of Population and Housing, Zambia Central Statistical Office", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1365, + 1397, + "named" + ], + [ + 57, + 63, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 68, + 80, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 172, + 186, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 208, + 223, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 248, + 264, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1351, + 1357, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1359, + 1363, + "Census of Population and Housing <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1399, + 1432, + "Census of Population and Housing <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "PDO Level Results Indicators \uf0b7 Direct project beneficiaries ( number ) ( of which percentage female, former refugee, host community ) \uf0b7 Beneficiaries ( number ) with improved access to connective and socio-economic infrastructure ( of which percentage female, former refugees, host community ) \uf0b7 Percentage of beneficiaries of livelihood subprojects who report improved food security / income / welfare ( of which percentage female, most vulnerable ) 12 Given ongoing revisions of district boundaries resulting in the split of Solwezi and Kaoma districts, the targeted wards might eventually fall under different districts. 13 Zambia, 2010, Census of Population and Housing, Zambia Central Statistical Office", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of demographic data collected during a census, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "listed as a source of demographic data", + "relevant to the indicators highlighted in the context", + "described by its formal name, suggesting an established dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Census of Population and Housing' is explicitly tied to a formal data collection effort conducted by the Zambia Central Statistical Office. In this instance, it is referenced in conjunction with statistics relevant to direct beneficiaries and developmental indicators. The use of the phrase 'Zambia, 2010, Census of Population and Housing' clearly denotes it as a substantial dataset since it captures a structured collection of demographic data that can be analyzed quantitatively. Although it could be misinterpreted as a project or system due to its formal naming convention, the context indicates that it is primarily being used as a dataset source for the research and analysis presented. The model could misinterpret it due to similar formal naming conventions found in project names or information systems. However, given the context detailing beneficiary statistics directly linked to census data, it affirms the designation of a dataset with structured records rather than merely a tool or infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Census of Population and Housing' is a formal dataset that represents a structured collection of demographic information used in analysis of project beneficiaries, thus justifying its classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "116_PAD1510-PAD-P152821-IDA-R2016-0078-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 52, + "text": "The first families to move as part of the local integration process were vulnerable former 27 Zambia Central Statistical Office, 2010, Census of Population and Housing 28 World Bank, 2015, Mapping Subnational Poverty in Zambia, p. 27-29; World Bank, 2015. 6th edition, Zambia Economic Brief indicates that the national poverty rate in Zambia is 62 percent, p. 1. 29 Zambia Central Statistics Office, 2011, Living Conditions Monitoring Survey 2006 and 2010, p. 249 30 Oxford Policy Management, 2014, Baseline Study and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for Phase II of the PPCR: 26 percent reported moderate hunger in the Barotse sub-basin where Kaoma is, whereas the figure was 7 percent in the Kafue sub-basin where Solwezi is. In both regions less than 1 percent stated they had severe hunger, p. 70 31 788 Angolans out of 12715 residing in Meheba and Mayukwayukwa. There are an additional 5890 self-settled Angolans and 56 Angolans registered in Lusaka. ( UNHCR, 2015 ) 32 Examples of vulnerability criteria include: separated child, exposure to multiple displacements, physical disability, older person unable to care for self, and single female household representative. UNHCR Angolan and Rwandan Refugee Profile as of November 6, 2015, ( UNHCR, 2015 ), p. 1, 2 33 World Bank, 2013, PAD - Zambia Strengthening Climate Resilience ( PPCR Phase II ), p. 1", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 135, + 167, + "named" + ], + [ + 94, + 127, + "Census of Population and Housing <> author" + ], + [ + 129, + 133, + "Census of Population and Housing <> reference year" + ], + [ + 220, + 226, + "Census of Population and Housing <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The first families to move as part of the local integration process were vulnerable former 27 Zambia Central Statistical Office, 2010, Census of Population and Housing 28 World Bank, 2015, Mapping Subnational Poverty in Zambia, p. 27-29; World Bank, 2015.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 'Census of Population and Housing' is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "explicitly mentioned as a Census, which is a traditional dataset", + "follows proper naming conventions" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Census of Population and Housing' behaves definitively as a dataset. I evaluated the terms surrounding it and found that it is not merely a project title or a system. Rather, it is a recognized term that denotes a structured collection of demographic data, specifically a census, which is a concrete resource used for statistical analysis. Since it is referenced alongside another known study sourced from the World Bank without indicating it being a project or system, this strengthens its identification as an actual dataset. One potential area of confusion for models might arise from its formal, capitalized phrasing, which may suggest a proper name typical for both datasets and projects. However, within the established context of census data, it is clear that this term refers to a governed, formal compilation of data, essential for research and demographic studies.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Census of Population and Housing' is unequivocally a dataset in this context, as it represents an established collection of demographic data utilized for analysis, rather than a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "116_PAD1510-PAD-P152821-IDA-R2016-0078-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 52, + "text": "The first families to move as part of the local integration process were vulnerable former 27 Zambia Central Statistical Office, 2010, Census of Population and Housing 28 World Bank, 2015, Mapping Subnational Poverty in Zambia, p. 27-29; World Bank, 2015. 6th edition, Zambia Economic Brief indicates that the national poverty rate in Zambia is 62 percent, p. 1. 29 Zambia Central Statistics Office, 2011, Living Conditions Monitoring Survey 2006 and 2010, p. 249 30 Oxford Policy Management, 2014, Baseline Study and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for Phase II of the PPCR: 26 percent reported moderate hunger in the Barotse sub-basin where Kaoma is, whereas the figure was 7 percent in the Kafue sub-basin where Solwezi is. In both regions less than 1 percent stated they had severe hunger, p. 70 31 788 Angolans out of 12715 residing in Meheba and Mayukwayukwa. There are an additional 5890 self-settled Angolans and 56 Angolans registered in Lusaka. ( UNHCR, 2015 ) 32 Examples of vulnerability criteria include: separated child, exposure to multiple displacements, physical disability, older person unable to care for self, and single female household representative. UNHCR Angolan and Rwandan Refugee Profile as of November 6, 2015, ( UNHCR, 2015 ), p. 1, 2 33 World Bank, 2013, PAD - Zambia Strengthening Climate Resilience ( PPCR Phase II ), p. 1", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 406, + 441, + "named" + ], + [ + 220, + 226, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 366, + 398, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 400, + 404, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 442, + 446, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 451, + 455, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 623, + 640, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 697, + 712, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 719, + 726, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 845, + 851, + "Living Conditions Monitoring Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1. 29 Zambia Central Statistics Office, 2011, Living Conditions Monitoring Survey 2006 and 2010, p. 249 30 Oxford Policy Management, 2014, Baseline Study and Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for Phase II of the PPCR: 26 percent reported moderate hunger in the Barotse sub-basin where Kaoma is, whereas the figure was 7 percent in the Kafue sub-basin where Solwezi is.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Conditions Monitoring Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess living conditions and poverty levels in Zambia.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other specific data sources like reports from the Zambia Central Statistics Office", + "described with a date and specific identifiers (2006 and 2010)", + "implies the existence of structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Living Conditions Monitoring Survey' is presented in a way that suggests it is a specific, structured dataset used for research and evaluation. The mention alongside the Zambia Central Statistics Office and in connection to tangible data points (like percentages of hunger reported) strongly indicates that it serves as a concrete dataset, rather than just being a project name or tool. The earlier judgment accurately considered its functional role as a data source used to derive analytical insights about living conditions in Zambia. However, it\u2019s important to note that projects or systems often have datasets within them, which can lead to potential confusion. In this case, the clear reference to statistical data suggests that it is not merely a project name but rather a dataset intended for analysis of living conditions and poverty levels.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Living Conditions Monitoring Survey' functions as a specific dataset in this context, as it is directly associated with structured data collection used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "116_PAD1510-PAD-P152821-IDA-R2016-0078-1-Box394886B-OUO-9", + "page": 63, + "text": "Since the Financial Management assessment was completed, the NCCS implemented the following mitigation measures: ( a ) completed the development of the budget tracking tool, ( b ) developed and adopted a plan to embed the financial management of the NCCS into the project module of the IFMIS, ( c ) initiated and is in the process of completing the recruitment of an internal auditor, and ( d ) engaged the office of the controller of internal audits and the Western Province Provincial internal audit department to undertake internal audits of the Secretariat, the PIU, and all the sub-projects. 57. The overall conclusion of the assessment is that despite the control environment issues affecting the country, as assessed by various diagnostic studies in Zambia, the implementing agency ( NCCS ) satisfies the minimum financial management requirements as stated in the Bank \u2019 s OP / BP 10. 00. The risk rating for the Project \u2019 s financial management arrangements has therefore been assessed as Moderate. Financial Management Arrangements for the Project 58. Staffing. The NCCS has a Finance Department headed by a Financial Management Specialist ( FMS ) who is assisted by three ( 03 ) Project Accountants. However, this staffing arrangement is not adequate; therefore, it is recommended that the Project employs its own dedicated Project Accountant at the NCCS secretariat to be assisted by two Assistant Accounts, one at each Provincial Project Implementation Unit. 59. Budgeting arrangements. Budget preparation and monitoring will follow national procedures. NCCS produces the budget using COSTAB, and includes sufficient details to allow for regular and effective implementation of planned activities and use of funds. The Project will prepare Annual Work Plans and Budgets ( AWPBs ), which will be the basis for budget preparation. The approval process will follow government procedures and is expanded in NCCS \u2019 s Project Financial Procedures Manual.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 286, + 291, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Since the Financial Management assessment was completed, the NCCS implemented the following mitigation measures: ( a ) completed the development of the budget tracking tool, ( b ) developed and adopted a plan to embed the financial management of the NCCS into the project module of the IFMIS, ( c ) initiated and is in the process of completing the recruitment of an internal auditor, and ( d ) engaged the office of the controller of internal audits and the Western Province Provincial internal audit department to undertake internal audits of the Secretariat, the PIU, and all the sub-projects. 57.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a project module of the IFMIS", + "mentioned as part of implementation measures", + "refers to a management information system rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'IFMIS' stands for Integrated Financial Management Information System, which indicates that it is a system designed for managing financial data rather than a specific dataset of records. The context highlights the fact that the development of the budget tracking tool has been integrated into the project module of the IFMIS, suggesting that IFMIS serves more as a framework or infrastructure that processes and organizes data rather than being a collection of data in itself. The language used ('project module of the IFMIS') implies that it functions as part of a larger system rather than a discrete, quantifiable set of data. Although the model may have identified it as a dataset due to its capitalized format and its potential role in data management, it lacks explicit references indicating it is being treated as a data source in this passage. This confusion could arise from contexts where systems and datasets are intermixed, particularly if manufacturing a 'data-based' analysis from context where terms are interrelated, but that does not apply here explicitly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'IFMIS' does not refer to a dataset but to an Integrated Financial Management Information System, acting as a managing tool. It is part of a broader financial management framework rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "118_PAD1199-PAD-P144637-IDA-R2015-0247-1-Box393201B-OUO-9", + "page": 1, + "text": "Grievance Redress Mechanism Grievance Redress Service Global Positioning System GOC Government of Cameroon ICR Implementation Completion and Results Report IDA International Development Association IFMIS Integrated Financial Management Information System", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 198, + 203, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Grievance Redress Mechanism Grievance Redress Service Global Positioning System GOC Government of Cameroon ICR Implementation Completion and Results Report IDA International Development Association IFMIS Integrated Financial Management Information System", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "IFMIS refers to a system used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for financial management", + "not described as a source of data", + "lacks a clear relation to structured datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'IFMIS' stands for Integrated Financial Management Information System. The surrounding context consists of terms that indicate projects, programs, or entities associated with governance and management but do not explicitly label this term as a source of data. While the term might be capitalized and could imply a structured component, there is no indication in the text that IFMIS is being used as a dataset or that it contains organized data meant for analysis. Rather, it appears more as an infrastructural tool intended for financial management. The presence of similar terms like 'Grievance Redress Mechanism' and 'Global Positioning System' only reinforces that these terms are more systematically inclined than data-focused. The model might have confused IFMIS as a dataset due to its technical nature, its proper name styling, and its adjacency to other terms that are name-like, but the lack of clarifying phrases that explicitly categorize it as a dataset is a strong indicator against that interpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IFMIS is recognized as a financial management system rather than a structured dataset, as it is not described as a data source and instead functions as an infrastructure to support financial management." + }, + { + "filename": "118_PAD1199-PAD-P144637-IDA-R2015-0247-1-Box393201B-OUO-9", + "page": 13, + "text": "While the ruling party, Cameroon People Democratic Movement ( RDPC ) dominates 85 percent of the local councils ( ruling 305 out of 360 communes ), more than 70 percent of local council members were renewed between the 2007 and 2013 elections. In the 2013 election, voter turn-out was officially reported at 75 percent. Over the last eight years, citizens were actively involved \u2014 through PNDP \u2014 in the development of CDPs in 329 local councils. Furthermore, the Local PIB Monitoring Committee ( Comit\u00e9 Local de Suivi du BIP \u2013 CLS ) has, since 2006, provided a space for civil society and citizens to be directly involved in quarterly monitoring of PIB execution at the district, regional and national levels. However, citizens still have limited access to the CLSs, creating a lack of trust in local council members in comparison to other elected and government bodies ( Afrobarometer 2014 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 872, + 885, + "named" + ], + [ + 228, + 242, + "Afrobarometer <> reference year" + ], + [ + 347, + 355, + "Afrobarometer <> reference population" + ], + [ + 544, + 548, + "Afrobarometer <> reference year" + ], + [ + 886, + 890, + "Afrobarometer <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Furthermore, the Local PIB Monitoring Committee ( Comit\u00e9 Local de Suivi du BIP \u2013 CLS ) has, since 2006, provided a space for civil society and citizens to be directly involved in quarterly monitoring of PIB execution at the district, regional and national levels. However, citizens still have limited access to the CLSs, creating a lack of trust in local council members in comparison to other elected and government bodies ( Afrobarometer 2014 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "Afrobarometer is a structured collection of survey data that measures public attitudes on economic, political, and social issues in Africa.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "cited in relation to a specific year and data collection", + "described in the context of measuring public attitudes, indicating data-driven insights" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Afrobarometer' is indeed a structured collection of survey data that serves a clear research purpose, which is to measure public attitudes on various topics across Africa. In the empirical context provided, it is referenced in a manner that suggests it is being used as a data source to support the claims about citizens' access and trust in local governance. Although there is a possibility of confusion because 'Afrobarometer' can be perceived as both a project and data collection initiative, the explicit mention in conjunction with a specific year, and its established use as a reputable survey source, strongly indicates that it is functioning as a dataset in this instance. Therefore, examining the context confirms that the model initially labeled it correctly as a dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Afrobarometer' is rightly recognized as a dataset because it represents a structured collection of survey data, explicitly linked to the empirical evidence being discussed. Its citation supports its role as a data source in the analysis of public attitudes." + }, + { + "filename": "118_PAD1199-PAD-P144637-IDA-R2015-0247-1-Box393201B-OUO-9", + "page": 19, + "text": "The project will also finance workshops to be organized by the \u201c Chambre des comptes \u201d for local public accountants and mayors to increase awareness. ( c ) Transparency. Cameroon legislation provides for access to information regarding the local councils \u2019 budget. However, this right to information is not always known and budget literacy can be low. The project will harness the lessons learned from the Budget Transparency Initiative, which developed a \u2018 citizen budget \u2019 template simplifying budget information, and produce those simplified budget easily through SIMBA. Dissemination of the budget through: ( i ) local council members; ( ii ) public dashboard; and ( iii ) local media communication means will be conditionalities for the last transfer to subprojects. 26. Component C: Project Coordination, Management, Monitoring and Evaluation and Communication ( US $ 19. 94 million equivalent of which: US $ 9. 22 million IDA; US $ 10. 72 million Government ). This component will finance project coordination, administrative, technical, and financial management of the project, monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) and communication and dissemination activities. Based on the experiences of Phases I and II, an effective grievance redress mechanism ( GRM ) has been prepared. B. Project Financing 27. The PNDP III will be financed as an IDA credit, continuing the SOP instrument that financed the first two phases of the program. This arrangement will ensure that the Bank \u2019 s initial long-term commitment remains in place, with continuity in institutional and implementation arrangements and the flexibility to adjust technical details as needed to address evolving local development and decentralization processes. The total cost of the PNDP III is estimated to be US $ 133. 00 million. The proposed Bank financing is US $ 70. 00 million, whereas the Borrower will contribute US $ 56. 00 million and the beneficiaries will contribute up to US $ 7. 00 million. In", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 567, + 572, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, this right to information is not always known and budget literacy can be low. The project will harness the lessons learned from the Budget Transparency Initiative, which developed a \u2018 citizen budget \u2019 template simplifying budget information, and produce those simplified budget easily through SIMBA. Dissemination of the budget through: ( i ) local council members; ( ii ) public dashboard; and ( iii ) local media communication means will be conditionalities for the last transfer to subprojects.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "SIMBA is mentioned as a tool for producing simplified budget information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for producing simplified budget information", + "serves as part of a project initiative, not specifically as a dataset", + "does not describe structured records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SIMBA' is identified as a mechanism or tool designed to facilitate the simplification of budget information for dissemination. The phrasing indicates that it is part of a project aimed at improving budget transparency, suggesting that SIMBA functions more as an application or framework\u2014rather than as a concrete repository of data. It is not referenced as a dataset containing structured records; instead, it is tied to a project goal. The possible confusion arises from the capitalized format which might resemble a proper name of a dataset or system, combined with its critical role in managing information, leading one to consider it as a key data source when in fact it is more of a production tool rather than an actual dataset. This distinction is important as the model may not fully grasp the nuanced differences between tools, projects, and datasets, especially when contextually presented in documents.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SIMBA' is not treated as a dataset but as a tool for producing simplified budget information as part of a larger project aimed at enhancing budget transparency." + }, + { + "filename": "118_PAD1199-PAD-P144637-IDA-R2015-0247-1-Box393201B-OUO-9", + "page": 74, + "text": "The objectives of the M & E activities are to provide PNDP III staff and stakeholders with regular information on project implementation and outputs; identify bottlenecks and impediments in the project implementation; ensure that all the activities under PNDP III are implemented in compliance with the PIM; determine to what extent the NCU achieves its goals and objectives, and how it affects the intended beneficiaries \u2019 social conditions and capacities; and maintain acceptable performance standards for environmental and social impacts. The arrangements for M & E are critical given the multitude of capacity building and subproject activities that will take place under the project. 89. The project management information system ( MIS ) set up during PNDP II will be adjusted to the needs of the proposed project. Indeed, the new MIS will include the following adjustments: ( i ) complete on-line connection with RCUs and NCU to strengthen decentralized supervision; ( ii ) extend MIS to allow comparison of planned versus actual performance ( i. e., physical and financial ) in a format that can also be used in reports to be presented to government and Bank; ( iii ) integrate financial management system, and ( iv ) launching of the MIS on the internet for public access with the aim of promoting transparency. 90. The monitoring and evaluation system of PNDP III is designed to consolidate and improve the system used during the first and second phase of the program. It will be organized at four levels: communal, departmental, regional, and national. It will use the PRO-ADP software ( Progiciel d \u2019 Appui au D\u00e9veloppement Participatif ) developed during phase 2 to facilitate the monitoring of the implementation of CDP at the communal level. 91. The communal level will be the operational level of the system. Communal development agents will be trained to monitor the implementation of CDPs and to collect data and transmit them to the departmental level. These data will include feedback from communes on PNDP implementation as well as environmental monitoring indicators to determine the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures implemented under subprojects and the extent to which the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1579, + 1595, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It will be organized at four levels: communal, departmental, regional, and national. It will use the PRO-ADP software ( Progiciel d \u2019 Appui au D\u00e9veloppement Participatif ) developed during phase 2 to facilitate the monitoring of the implementation of CDP at the communal level. 91.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "PRO-ADP software is a tool developed for monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a software tool", + "described as facilitating monitoring", + "no indication of being a structured data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PRO-ADP software' is clearly identified as a software tool specifically developed to facilitate the monitoring of the implementation of certain programs (CDP). It does not appear to represent a dataset in the conventional sense, as datasets are typically characterized by structured collections of data that can be extracted for analysis. The phrase indicates that it 'uses' the software rather than 'uses data from' the software, suggesting that the software acts as an aid in the process rather than being a repository of data itself. The phrase 'developed during phase 2' does imply a project aspect, reinforcing the idea that this is not a dataset but rather a supportive platform for data usage. Therefore, it is important to distinguish between software and dataset; in this case, it\u2019s a software system that helps in monitoring, not a dataset itself. Potential confusion for models might arise from the capitalization and the structured name resembling data-related terms, as software sometimes contains or handles data, leading to assumptions it might serve as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'PRO-ADP software' refers to a tool designed for monitoring and not a structured dataset; it is more accurately described as software facilitating data use rather than containing data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "121_PAD1190-PAD-P152848-PUBLIC-Box391435B-LB-EESSP-Final-PAD-for-printing", + "page": 2, + "text": "LU Lebanese University M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MEHE Ministry of Education and Higher Education MENA Middle East and North Africa Region MIC Middle Income Country MOF Ministry of Finance NQF National Qualifications Framework NVS New Vision for the School OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development POM Project Operations Manual PD Professional Development PDO Project Development Objective PFS Project Financial Statements PISA Program for International Student Assessment PMU Project Management Unit PPP Purchasing Power Parity RACE Reaching All Children with Education in Lebanon SBD Standard Bidding Documents SIS School Information System TA Technical Assistance TIMSS Trends in International Math and Science Studies TPD Teacher Profession Development TVET / VET Technical and Vocational Education and Training UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children ' s Fund WB World Bank Regional Vice President: Hafez Ghanem Country Director: Ferid Belhaj Senior Global Practice Director: Claudia Costin Practice Manager: Harry Patrinos Task Team Leader: Noah Yarrow", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 636, + 665, + "named" + ], + [ + 597, + 604, + "SIS School Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 931, + 944, + "SIS School Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1113, + 1124, + "SIS School Information System <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "LU Lebanese University M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MEHE Ministry of Education and Higher Education MENA Middle East and North Africa Region MIC Middle Income Country MOF Ministry of Finance NQF National Qualifications Framework NVS New Vision for the School OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development POM Project Operations Manual PD Professional Development PDO Project Development Objective PFS Project Financial Statements PISA Program for International Student Assessment PMU Project Management Unit PPP Purchasing Power Parity RACE Reaching All Children with Education in Lebanon SBD Standard Bidding Documents SIS School Information System TA Technical Assistance TIMSS Trends in International Math and Science Studies TPD Teacher Profession Development TVET / VET Technical and Vocational Education and Training UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children ' s Fund WB World Bank Regional Vice President: Hafez Ghanem Country Director: Ferid Belhaj Senior Global Practice Director: Claudia Costin Practice Manager: Harry Patrinos Task Team Leader: Noah Yarrow", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The SIS (School Information System) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to schools.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other project and management terms", + "described as a system, not as a direct data source", + "mentioned only as part of a list without context indicating it is being used as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific instance, 'SIS School Information System' is presented in a long enumeration of various acronyms and project names related to education and governance. There are no explicit phrases that connect 'SIS' to actual data usage, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'. It appears as a name among various systems and management frameworks rather than being described as an independent dataset. The lack of direct signaling that it is a data source, and its classification as a 'system', suggests it is more of an infrastructural tool designed to store and manage data related to schools rather than a standalone dataset. A model might have been confused by the name 'SIS' appearing similar to known dataset nomenclature and the context of educational analysis but that alone doesn't mark it as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SIS School Information System' does not serve as a dataset but rather as a management system mentioned among other project tools. It lacks the explicit contextual signals that would classify it as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "121_PAD1190-PAD-P152848-PUBLIC-Box391435B-LB-EESSP-Final-PAD-for-printing", + "page": 11, + "text": "The higher quality associated with private schools means that public-school students are likely to learn less and face more difficult job prospects upon graduation. This sets up inter-generational transmission of both lower learning levels and lower income. 9 Public schools exhibit lower academic outcomes in international and national assessments. The level of public school students was 10 percent lower than that of private schools in the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) results. Indeed, based on the 2004 household survey, poverty and education are highly correlated in Lebanon. 5 Lebanon \u2019 s inequality-adjusted HDI is 20. 8 percent lower than its HDI, among the largest losses in the group of countries in the high human development category. 6 World Economic Forum \u2019 s 2013 Human Capital Index 7 Further information about the level of private sector investments is expected from a forthcoming Education Expenditure Review. 8 World Bank Ed Stats 9 \u201c Poverty, Growth and Income Distribution in Lebanon, \u201d August 2008.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 448, + 501, + "named" + ], + [ + 62, + 84, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> reference population" + ], + [ + 363, + 385, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> reference population" + ], + [ + 443, + 447, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 504, + 509, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> acronym" + ], + [ + 612, + 619, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 623, + 630, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1044, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "9 Public schools exhibit lower academic outcomes in international and national assessments. The level of public school students was 10 percent lower than that of private schools in the 2011 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) results. Indeed, based on the 2004 household survey, poverty and education are highly correlated in Lebanon.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis of educational outcomes across countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on'", + "described as a study with results", + "historically recognized as a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study' (TIMSS) is clearly referenced in relation to its results from 2011, which implies that it serves as a source of structured data concerning educational outcomes. The phrase 'based on the 2011 TIMSS results' indicates that the analysis leverages these results specifically as a data source in understanding academic outcomes. Although TIMSS can be seen as a program or project that conducts assessments, its reference here is aligned with a concrete data collection that yields quantifiable results, reinforcing its role as a dataset in the analysis rather than merely a project name or system. The model may have been confused because TIMSS encompasses both a program and its resultant dataset, but in this instance, the context clarifies it as the latter.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study' is treated as a dataset due to its explicit mention of results that provide concrete data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "124_PAD8220PAD0P12010Box385319B00OUO090", + "page": 37, + "text": "They spend a disproportionate amount of time carrying out time-intensive domestic tasks, a burden which is only compounded in situations where chronic deficiencies exist in water provision. 17 103. Eight percent of women in the GBML service area are reported as the main breadwinners. 18 The project mainstreams gender by: ( i ) quantifying the differentiated impact of the burdens and benefits of improved water supply among male and female residents in the project affected areas and GBML service zones, and ( ii ) identifying areas of engagement by men and women during the operationalization of Component 1 and through the support of Component 2 in terms of citizen feedback and awareness. A qualitative study in the form of twelve semi - structured focus groups was carried out over the period of project preparation to provide deeper understanding of the gendered dimension and inform the design of gender-responsive indicators for measuring how the project is performing in this particular area. 19 Details of the analysis are provided in Annex 10. The Project Implementation Manual ( PIM ) contains gender-sensitive language that monitors and guarantees inclusiveness during such activities including citizen outreach, communications and recruitment to project positions. This requirement will help ensure equal representation of all diverse population groups in the GBML. 17 Literature review includes: World Bank Social Development Department. Making Water Supply and Sanitation Work for Women and Men, December 2010. A policy brief on Gender, Water and Sanitation developed by the Inter-agency Task Force on Gender and Water ( GWTF ) under the UN-Water and the Interagency Network on Women and Gender Equality ( IANWGE ) in support of Water for Life 2005-2015. June 2006. 18 World Bank Water Supply Augmentation Project ( P125184 ) Household Survey, March \u2013 April 2014. 19 Gender-responsive indicators can encapsulate gender-specific or gender-inclusive performance outcomes. The former measures specific needs of men and women whereas the latter focuses on relative benefits and provides comparable information. 26", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1843, + 1859, + "named" + ], + [ + 228, + 232, + "Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 905, + 933, + "Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1412, + 1422, + "Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1786, + 1796, + "Household Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1875, + 1879, + "Household Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "June 2006. 18 World Bank Water Supply Augmentation Project ( P125184 ) Household Survey, March \u2013 April 2014. 19 Gender-responsive indicators can encapsulate gender-specific or gender-inclusive performance outcomes.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Household Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households, which is used for research and analysis regarding water supply and gender impacts.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a survey that collects data from households" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Survey' clearly indicates a structured data collection effort targeting households to gather information relevant to the World Bank Water Supply Augmentation Project. The presence of this term alongside the project name suggests that it is an empirical data source specifically designed for the analysis of water supply and gender impacts. The model might have been confused by the proximity of the term to the project naming and possibly by its capitalized nature, which could lead one to think it's a system or project. However, the explicit linkage to the survey methodology ('collects data from households') clarifies that it functions as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Household Survey' should be treated as a dataset since it refers directly to a structured collection of data employed for specific research, rather than simply a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "124_PAD8220PAD0P12010Box385319B00OUO090", + "page": 53, + "text": "Dam inflows. Because long precipitation and temperature records are scarcely available in and around the catchment, the used precipitation and temperature records for the period 1979-2009 were extracted from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis ( CFSR ) dataset, a reanalysis product developed at the National Centre for Environmental Prediction ( NCEP ). CFSR data have an hourly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of approximately 38 km. 31. The detailed hydrological catchment model was adapted to the upstream catchment on the basis of the CFSR data and cartographic maps information on topography, soil, land use, catchment boundaries and river network which were made available by the Lebanese CNRS. Following calibration, the full CFSR record was used to simulate 30 years of monthly flows in a Control Run, to be used as the reference for comparing the scenarios accounting for climatic changes. Two modified precipitation and temperature series, which represent the agreed climate change scenario, were then prepared by gradually reducing the annual amount of precipitation and increasing the temperature over a 30 year period. 32. The results of the simulations show that the combined effect of reduced precipitation and increased temperature leads to a reduction of 4 percent in Bisri Dam average annual inflow volume over its economic life time compared to the historical inflows of the last three decades. 33.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 212, + 263, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Dam inflows. Because long precipitation and temperature records are scarcely available in and around the catchment, the used precipitation and temperature records for the period 1979-2009 were extracted from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis ( CFSR ) dataset, a reanalysis product developed at the National Centre for Environmental Prediction ( NCEP ). CFSR data have an hourly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of approximately 38 km.", + "type": "reanalysis dataset", + "explanation": "The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) is a structured collection of climate data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'extracted from'", + "described as a reanalysis product", + "contains structured climate data", + "explicit mention of temporal and spatial resolution" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) dataset' is clearly identified as a source of extracted precipitation and temperature records. It is explicitly mentioned after 'extracted from', serving as a clear signal that it is being used as a data source. The description of CFSR as a 'reanalysis product developed at the National Centre for Environmental Prediction' further underlines its role as a dataset, as it contains structured climate data that researchers commonly use. The inclusion of details about its temporal and spatial resolution confirms it as a concrete dataset rather than just a project or system. While the term 'system' is present in its description, the overall language indicates that this is a dataset used for specific analysis rather than merely a tool or infrastructure. Therefore, this is appropriately classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) dataset' behaves as a dataset mention in this context as it is clearly referenced as a source of data used in the analysis, supported by detailed descriptions confirming its structured data nature." + }, + { + "filename": "124_PAD8220PAD0P12010Box385319B00OUO090", + "page": 53, + "text": "Dam inflows. Because long precipitation and temperature records are scarcely available in and around the catchment, the used precipitation and temperature records for the period 1979-2009 were extracted from the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis ( CFSR ) dataset, a reanalysis product developed at the National Centre for Environmental Prediction ( NCEP ). CFSR data have an hourly temporal resolution and a spatial resolution of approximately 38 km. 31. The detailed hydrological catchment model was adapted to the upstream catchment on the basis of the CFSR data and cartographic maps information on topography, soil, land use, catchment boundaries and river network which were made available by the Lebanese CNRS. Following calibration, the full CFSR record was used to simulate 30 years of monthly flows in a Control Run, to be used as the reference for comparing the scenarios accounting for climatic changes. Two modified precipitation and temperature series, which represent the agreed climate change scenario, were then prepared by gradually reducing the annual amount of precipitation and increasing the temperature over a 30 year period. 32. The results of the simulations show that the combined effect of reduced precipitation and increased temperature leads to a reduction of 4 percent in Bisri Dam average annual inflow volume over its economic life time compared to the historical inflows of the last three decades. 33.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 556, + 565, + "named" + ], + [ + 178, + 187, + "CFSR data <> reference year" + ], + [ + 303, + 356, + "CFSR data <> author" + ], + [ + 376, + 402, + "CFSR data <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "31. The detailed hydrological catchment model was adapted to the upstream catchment on the basis of the CFSR data and cartographic maps information on topography, soil, land use, catchment boundaries and river network which were made available by the Lebanese CNRS. Following calibration, the full CFSR record was used to simulate 30 years of monthly flows in a Control Run, to be used as the reference for comparing the scenarios accounting for climatic changes.", + "type": "reanalysis dataset", + "explanation": "CFSR data is a structured collection of climate data used for research and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data used for modeling", + "implied to contain structured climate records", + "used to simulate monthly flows" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CFSR data' refers to the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), which is known to provide structured climate-related information collected over time. The phrase indicates that the analysis is based on this data (e.g., 'the CFSR data and cartographic maps information'), suggesting it serves as a primary source of information for the modeling work described. Although 'CFSR' is an acronym that may invoke the idea of a project or system, here it clearly has a functional role as a dataset that feeds into the hydrological model. Key phrases like 'made available' and 'full CFSR record' further indicate it is treated as an essential numerical resource in the analysis rather than just as a platform or tool for storage. Hence, I conclude that it behaves as a dataset mention in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'CFSR data' is treated as a dataset here because it is the primary source of climate-related structured records used in modeling and analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "124_PAD8220PAD0P12010Box385319B00OUO090", + "page": 109, + "text": "related to servicing the major occupation sectors in the Valley ( plant and animal production sectors ). The Table below provides the land area and attached assets. Table 8: Other Land attachments Other Land attachments Unit Quantity Water ground tank, concrete cubic meter 985 Water tank, elevated, plastic on metal frame cubic meter 910 Poly-tunnels, metal and plastic meter square 40, 000 Agricultural and irrigation Equipment * meter square 227, 000 Animal shed, concrete walls and floor meter square 2, 220 Metal overhead Pergola square meter 115 Metal pipes linear meter 65 Metal wired fence linear meter 1, 680 Water channel, open, concrete linear meter 990 * for total area cover refer to field crops area. 15. Property tenancy: The 2014 Social Survey has revealed that 35 households are non - Lebanese ( totaling 174 persons ) of which 34 households ( housing 165 persons ) have no legal Tenancy Right. Similarly; the eight counted Lebanese non-owner-households ( totaling 47 persons ) have no Tenancy rights to the property they occupy, and are not protected under the Lebanese law. The Table below summarizes the Impact over Properties Tenancy in the valley.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 741, + 759, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "15. Property tenancy: The 2014 Social Survey has revealed that 35 households are non - Lebanese ( totaling 174 persons ) of which 34 households ( housing 165 persons ) have no legal Tenancy Right. Similarly; the eight counted Lebanese non-owner-households ( totaling 47 persons ) have no Tenancy rights to the property they occupy, and are not protected under the Lebanese law.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2014 Social Survey is a structured collection of data regarding property tenancy and demographics, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as revealing data about households and tenure rights", + "provides specific numerical data on households and persons", + "presented in a context that discusses its findings explicitly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term '2014 Social Survey,' while it has the characteristics of a project or a system, is presented here as a source of data that reveals findings about property tenancy. The sentence structure follows alongside empirical data points (e.g., '35 households are non-Lebanese'), which indicates that this survey was likely an actual study conducted to gather specific social data around tenancy. The inclusion of specific outcomes and statistics strongly supports the interpretation as a dataset. An automated extraction model might have altered its judgment due to the name-like structure or if it lacked clear context clues accompanying a recognizable data source. However, in this context, the mention is clearly referring to the data derived from the survey.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2014 Social Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it directly informs about specific data (household composition and their tenancy rights), indicating that it is an actual structured collection of data rather than merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "129_PAD1030-ENGLISH-P149242-PUBLIC-FINAL-LEB-ENPTP-English", + "page": 24, + "text": "14 39. The NPTP Project Unit in the MOSA is responsible for the following: ( i ) managing the NPTP database in MOSA; ( ii ) receiving household applications; ( iii ) interfacing with applicants; ( iv ) entering data; ( v ) conducting household visits; ( vi ) checking for data errors; ( vii ) transmitting data to the central database of the NPTP CMU; ( viii ) verifying claims from hospitals, schools, and primary healthcare centers ( PHCs ) and authorizing payments; ( ix ) managing the outreach campaign; ( x ) managing the e-card food voucher beneficiaries list, delivery of the e-cards to beneficiaries, and follow up; and ( xi ) monitoring of the program ( specifically inputs and outputs ). 40. The NPTP CMU in the PCM is responsible for the following: ( i ) managing the central database; ( ii ) validating data and cross-checking with national databases; ( iii ) processing household data and generating scores and ranks according to the PMT formula; ( iv ) maintaining the PMT formula, and providing the list of beneficiaries ( v ) analyzing national data and reporting findings to the Social Inter-Ministerial Committee ( Social-IMC ); ( vi ) monitoring of program results including targeting performance; and ( vii ) auditing data processing. 41.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 94, + 107, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "14 39. The NPTP Project Unit in the MOSA is responsible for the following: ( i ) managing the NPTP database in MOSA; ( ii ) receiving household applications; ( iii ) interfacing with applicants; ( iv ) entering data; ( v ) conducting household visits; ( vi ) checking for data errors; ( vii ) transmitting data to the central database of the NPTP CMU; ( viii ) verifying claims from hospitals, schools, and primary healthcare centers ( PHCs ) and authorizing payments; ( ix ) managing the outreach campaign; ( x ) managing the e-card food voucher beneficiaries list, delivery of the e-cards to beneficiaries, and follow up; and ( xi ) monitoring of the program ( specifically inputs and outputs ). 40.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data managed by the NPTP Project Unit, used for processing household applications and managing beneficiary information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned alongside project responsibilities", + "responsible for managing applications and beneficiary information" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'NPTP database' appears to be part of a management information system used by the NPTP Project Unit within the MOSA. It is specifically associated with a set of responsibilities rather than being treated as a standalone dataset. The context describes the functions and tasks the unit performs, like receiving applications, entering data, and managing outreach campaigns. This leads me to interpret that while the 'NPTP database' houses data, it serves more as an infrastructure or tool rather than being defined as a dataset itself. The confusion for the model may stem from the term 'database' often implying a data collection, but which in this case, also strongly ties to operational functions and the management aspect of the project, thus blurring the line.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NPTP database' functions as a management information system tied to project operations rather than as a distinct dataset. It is part of the operational structure focused on processes rather than a static collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "129_PAD1030-ENGLISH-P149242-PUBLIC-FINAL-LEB-ENPTP-English", + "page": 28, + "text": "The FOT team includes a Financial Officer ( FO ) who will be responsible among other tasks for managing the Project Designated Account ( DA ), honor the entities requests for issuing payments, consolidating the project accounts and issuing periodical financial reports to reflect the overall grant financial position. The expenditure cycle will be detailed in the project Operations Manual, which will be ready within one month after project effectiveness. 55. The FOT will be responsible for preparing quarterly un-audited Interim Financial Reports ( IFRs ) detailing the grant: ( i ) sources and uses of funds; ( ii ) contract expenditures; and ( iii ) uses of funds by grant activity, component and category and consolidated list of assets purchased through the project. The IFRs will be submitted to the Bank no later than 45 days after the end of the quarter to which they relate. 56. The project will utilize the current Accounting Information Software ( AIS ) used by the FOT. The accounting software is called \u201c Budgets \u201d and is fully operational and will be able to accommodate the Bank requirements in terms of financial reporting. The AIS will be used to record daily transactions and produce the periodical financial reports.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 927, + 958, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "56. The project will utilize the current Accounting Information Software ( AIS ) used by the FOT. The accounting software is called \u201c Budgets \u201d and is fully operational and will be able to accommodate the Bank requirements in terms of financial reporting.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "The term refers to a software application used for accounting purposes, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as accounting software", + "mentioned as a tool used by the project", + "not framed as a direct data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Accounting Information Software' is referenced as a specific software application rather than a dataset itself. The phrase 'The project will utilize the current Accounting Information Software (AIS) used by the FOT' clearly indicates that it is a tool employed to manage accounting tasks. Additionally, it describes its operational capabilities without indicating that it is a structured collection of data used for analysis. This distinction is crucial; while it handles data internally, it does not represent a standalone dataset. A model might have identified it as a dataset due to its capitalization and the formal naming convention, which often aligns with dataset naming but overlooks the context of its primary usage as a software application and not a database or dataset providing raw data directly. This could easily lead to confusion, as systems with structured data can sometimes be seen as datasets, but this particular instance classifies more accurately as an application.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Accounting Information Software' refers to a software tool for accounting tasks and not a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "129_PAD1030-ENGLISH-P149242-PUBLIC-FINAL-LEB-ENPTP-English", + "page": 33, + "text": "23 Intermediate Results Indicators Cumulative Target Values Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline 2013 2014-15 ( Year 1 ) 2015-16 ( Year 2 ) 2016-17 ( Year 3 ) Number of NPTP Applicants Number 480, 000 550, 000 700, 000 800, 000 Quarterly - NPTP database NPTP Program Time lapse between application and eligibility notification Months 3 1 1 1 Quarterly - NPTP database NPTP Program Household awareness of NPTP Percentage 40 60 80 90 Two time during the life of the program - Opinion Poll surveys ( Y2, Y3 ) NPTP Program Proportion of assisted people informed about the e-card food program Percentage 0 100 Once after the first year of the program - NPTP database NPTP Program", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 319, + 332, + "named" + ], + [ + 176, + 188, + "NPTP database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 200, + 207, + "NPTP database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 248, + 263, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "23 Intermediate Results Indicators Cumulative Target Values Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Indicator Name Core Unit of Measure Baseline 2013 2014-15 ( Year 1 ) 2015-16 ( Year 2 ) 2016-17 ( Year 3 ) Number of NPTP Applicants Number 480, 000 550, 000 700, 000 800, 000 Quarterly - NPTP database NPTP Program Time lapse between application and eligibility notification Months 3 1 1 1 Quarterly - NPTP database NPTP Program Household awareness of NPTP Percentage 40 60 80 90 Two time during the life of the program - Opinion Poll surveys ( Y2, Y3 ) NPTP Program Proportion of assisted people informed about the e-card food program Percentage 0 100 Once after the first year of the program - NPTP database NPTP Program", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data used for tracking applicants and program metrics, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018data source / methodology\u2019", + "described as a database that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'NPTP database' is mentioned alongside specific indicators and metrics associated with the NPTP program. It's referred to directly after 'Quarterly - NPTP database' and 'Once after the first year of the program - NPTP database', which indicates it is being utilized as a data source to derive values for reports. The use of 'database' suggests a structured collection of records, pointing towards it being treated as a dataset. Additionally, it is not merely mentioned as part of a project or system overview, but is directly linked to collecting data for analysis. This might lead to some confusion since the term 'database' could be seen as a reference to an underlying system, yet, in this case, it aligns closely with the function of serving as the source of the data needed for the indicators listed. The model likely interpreted it as a dataset due to these contextual cues and its designation as a data collection point.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NPTP database' is considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly used as a source for reporting data related to program metrics and is described in ways that align with structured record-keeping." + }, + { + "filename": "129_PAD1030-ENGLISH-P149242-PUBLIC-FINAL-LEB-ENPTP-English", + "page": 37, + "text": "In early 2013, WFP began working to shift modality from the paper voucher system to a new, electronic, pre-paid voucher system. Following several months of planning and research, WFP signed a partnership agreement in September 2013 with MasterCard and a local bank. The first 1, 908 credit card-style e-cards ( for 10, 306 beneficiaries ) were distributed in a successful pilot scheme in South Lebanon. In October 2013, a general roll out followed for the entire caseload in Beirut, Mt Lebanon and the South, some 140, 000 beneficiaries. 36 In cases where a new applicant is ranked as one of the poorest 50, 000 beneficiaries using the NPTP database, she / he will receive all NPTP benefits including the e-card food voucher. 37 Eligible families are registered by UNHCR and based on a vulnerability criteria agreed by WFP and UNHCR.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 636, + 649, + "named" + ], + [ + 9, + 13, + "NPTP database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 15, + 18, + "NPTP database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 179, + 182, + "NPTP database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 227, + 231, + "NPTP database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 388, + 401, + "NPTP database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 414, + 418, + "NPTP database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 475, + 481, + "NPTP database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 483, + 493, + "NPTP database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 596, + 625, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 705, + 724, + "NPTP database <> data description" + ], + [ + 819, + 822, + "NPTP database <> publisher" + ], + [ + 849, + 867, + "NPTP database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In October 2013, a general roll out followed for the entire caseload in Beirut, Mt Lebanon and the South, some 140, 000 beneficiaries. 36 In cases where a new applicant is ranked as one of the poorest 50, 000 beneficiaries using the NPTP database, she / he will receive all NPTP benefits including the e-card food voucher. 37 Eligible families are registered by UNHCR and based on a vulnerability criteria agreed by WFP and UNHCR.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data used to identify and rank beneficiaries for assistance, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows criteria that implies it stores beneficiaries' records", + "described as a database that assists in identifying and ranking beneficiaries", + "mentioned in a context related to eligibility for assistance" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'NPTP database' is clearly employed as a structured collection of data that is utilized for a specific purpose: to identify and rank beneficiaries. The way it is described \u2014 particularly its function in determining eligibility for assistance benefits \u2014 strongly suggests it contains organized records relevant to that analysis. Furthermore, it operates as a data source in the context; despite its name sounding like a system, its usage indicates it is a concrete data repository that feeds into decision-making processes. The initial confusion may arise from the fact that it is called a 'database,' which could imply a broader system or tool; however, the context firmly positions it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the NPTP database is treated as a dataset because it serves as a specific source of structured data used for identifying beneficiaries based on established criteria." + }, + { + "filename": "129_PAD1030-ENGLISH-P149242-PUBLIC-FINAL-LEB-ENPTP-English", + "page": 38, + "text": "The project will rely on WFP to provide technical assistance in implementing the prepaid E-card voucher system for the extremely poor Lebanese households, especially those affected by the Syrian crisis. The NPTP will collaborate with WFP to provide all the necessary documentation to distribute the e-card food voucher benefit on a monthly basis. 14. The NPTP will provide a file of eligible beneficiaries ( Household Registry Statement ) once or twice a month to WFP based on the agreed on criteria between NPTP and WFP. The Household Registry statement includes the NPTP household registration number, the family size, the date of birth of the family head, gender of the household head, and relevant distribution SDC. The NPTP beneficiary file is imported into the WFP database. WFP will provide BLF with the Household Registry Statement; based on the statement, the bank will assign a card number corresponding to the NPTP registration number of each household, and print the cards accordingly. The printed cards are delivered to the WFP office by the bank. The cards are arranged by BLF according to the SDC distribution area and sorted by NPTP registration number. 15.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 408, + 436, + "named" + ], + [ + 25, + 28, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 119, + 153, + "Household Registry Statement <> reference population" + ], + [ + 464, + 467, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 517, + 520, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 608, + 619, + "Household Registry Statement <> data description" + ], + [ + 625, + 657, + "Household Registry Statement <> data description" + ], + [ + 659, + 687, + "Household Registry Statement <> data description" + ], + [ + 767, + 770, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 781, + 784, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1040, + "Household Registry Statement <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "14. The NPTP will provide a file of eligible beneficiaries ( Household Registry Statement ) once or twice a month to WFP based on the agreed on criteria between NPTP and WFP. The Household Registry statement includes the NPTP household registration number, the family size, the date of birth of the family head, gender of the household head, and relevant distribution SDC.", + "type": "registry", + "explanation": "The Household Registry Statement is a structured collection of data that includes information about eligible beneficiaries, making it a dataset used for analysis and distribution of benefits.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a file provided to WFP", + "includes structured records such as household registration number and family size", + "mentioned as part of the criteria for eligibility" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Registry Statement' functions as a dataset because it is referred to as a file that contains specific structured data related to eligible beneficiaries. The detailed components mentioned (like household registration numbers and family sizes) indicate that it holds organized records, making it suitable for analysis. Although there is potential confusion since 'statement' can hint at something more administrative or report-like, the explicit mention of this file being sent monthly to WFP for beneficiary eligibility adds clarity that it indeed contains pertinent data used for decision-making. Therefore, I would classify it as a dataset and not just an administrative title or a project name. The earlier judgment aligns with this though there could be pick-up on the term's administrative nature as well\u2014a possible reason a model may misclassify it if it focuses more on titles rather than their function.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household Registry Statement' is considered a dataset here due to its structured record-keeping of beneficiary information and its use as a data source in eligibility criteria, serving a practical role in data analysis for the WFP." + }, + { + "filename": "131_PAD7910PAD0P14010Box385199B00OUO090", + "page": 10, + "text": "1 I. STRATEGIC CONTEXT A. Country Context 1. Djibouti is a small low-income country located in the Horn of Africa with a high level of urbanization. Faced with scarcity of arable land and water resources, the country \u2019 s traditionally nomadic people have migrated to urban areas. Approximately 71 percent of Djibouti \u2019 s estimated 865, 000 inhabitants live in cities which are expanding annually by more than four percent ( Djibouti Census 2009 ). The capital of Djibouti City ( Djibouti Ville ) has 475, 322 inhabitants \u2014 including 25 percent of \u201c particular population, \u201d the official term for foreigners, formal, and informal residents. Fifty-eight percent of the total population and 82 percent of the total urban population is concentrated in Djibouti City. 2. Sustained economic growth has been driven by large inflows of foreign investment, particularly in port activities and the transport and logistics sector. Over the last decade, landlocked Ethiopia \u2019 s high demand for transit trade and transshipment activities has allowed Djibouti to capitalize on its strategic location along the Red Sea, turning its ports into the engines of its economy. In 2000, the Government of Djibouti signed a 20-year management concession with Dubai Port World ( DPW ), which contributed to attracting large amounts of foreign direct investment ( FDI ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 424, + 439, + "named" + ], + [ + 45, + 53, + "Djibouti Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 99, + 113, + "Djibouti Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 440, + 444, + "Djibouti Census <> publication year" + ], + [ + 463, + 476, + "Djibouti Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 748, + 761, + "Djibouti Census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1045, + "Djibouti Census <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Faced with scarcity of arable land and water resources, the country \u2019 s traditionally nomadic people have migrated to urban areas. Approximately 71 percent of Djibouti \u2019 s estimated 865, 000 inhabitants live in cities which are expanding annually by more than four percent ( Djibouti Census 2009 ). The capital of Djibouti City ( Djibouti Ville ) has 475, 322 inhabitants \u2014 including 25 percent of \u201c particular population, \u201d the official term for foreigners, formal, and informal residents.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Djibouti Census refers to a structured collection of demographic data about the population of Djibouti, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows statistical figure clarification (71 percent of inhabitants)", + "mentions a specific year (2009), indicating a formal record", + "provides demographic insights, describing it as a source of population data", + "context indicates it refers to collected census data rather than a system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Djibouti Census' is explicitly tied to a collection of demographic data regarding the population of Djibouti as of 2009. The figure presented (71 percent of inhabitants living in urban areas) suggests that this data is structured and compiled to reflect the population statistics of the nation. This sentence lacks any indication that it is describing a project or infrastructure; rather, it describes the census data as it relates to demographic analysis. Overall, the mention of the census denotes it as a dataset containing vital statistics, which clarifies its role in this specific instance. Models may have been confused if they picked up on the presence of a formal name ('Djibouti Census') and the underlying assumption that any named entity must be treated as a data entity without evaluating the context of its use thoroughly. However, it\u2019s straightforward here that it relates to an actual dataset of population statistics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Djibouti Census' refers explicitly to a structured dataset containing population data from a specific year (2009), rather than a project or a management system, justifying the classification as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "131_PAD7910PAD0P14010Box385199B00OUO090", + "page": 45, + "text": "IFRs summarizing the commitments, receipts, and expenditures made under the project will be produced quarterly, using the templates established for this purpose; and ( iii ) the project chart of accounts will be in compliance with the classification of expenditures and sources of funds indicated in the project cost tables and the general budget breakdown in addition to the POM. The chart of accounts should allow for data entry to facilitate the financial monitoring of project expenditures by component, sub-component and category. 28. The accounting software ( Tompro ) is currently unable to produce all the required financial reports. ADDS will need to finalize the customization of the accounting software to enable the automatic generation of the required financial reports. 29. Project reporting: The project financial reporting includes quarterly IFRs and yearly Project Financial Statements ( PFS ). IFRs should include data on the financial situation of the project, including: 1 ) Statement of Cash Receipts and Payments by category and component.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 566, + 572, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "28. The accounting software ( Tompro ) is currently unable to produce all the required financial reports. ADDS will need to finalize the customization of the accounting software to enable the automatic generation of the required financial reports.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "Tompro is an accounting software, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as accounting software", + "not mentioned as a source of structured data", + "does not follow phrases indicating a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Tompro' is specifically identified as accounting software rather than a dataset. The key phrase here is that it is 'currently unable to produce all the required financial reports,' which highlights its role as a software tool for accounting rather than a source of data for analysis. The mention of customization for report generation further indicates that it is used for processing or organizing data but does not itself represent a structured collection of data. A model might confuse 'Tompro' as a dataset because of its capitalized format and potential prior exposure to software names that also serve as data sources. However, without explicit mention of it providing data or being analyzed, it cannot accurately be classified as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Tompro' is classified as accounting software, not a dataset, as it does not inherently contain structured data for research or analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "135_810840PAD0P144010Box379877B00OUO090", + "page": 77, + "text": "The DGMP-DS and the ARMDS will have to play their role to ensure good governance and limit the opportunities for undue influence by anyone PCU / MEF DGMP - DS / ARM-DS No later than six months Throughout the project life 4-Delays in procurement process Identify the root cause of procurement delays at National level and propose appropriate solutions MEF During Negotiations 5-Lack of adequate record keeping system Set up the project filing system in order to better keep procurement documents and reports and identify a staff responsible for this task. Train staff in data management. PCU / MEF No later than 3 months within the project implementation AGETIPE 1-Lack of adequate procurement staff due to the new volume of activities to be implemented Recruitment of a procurement specialist and technical experts during the first two years of the project for regular short-term support missions during the assignment to speed procurement processes and to provide the required expertise AGETIPE At any time after the effectiveness 2-Delays in the procurement processes due to the workload generated Setting up a dedicated team within AGETIPE to process procurement activities of the project AGETIPE During the negotiations of delegated", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 11, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The DGMP-DS and the ARMDS will have to play their role to ensure good governance and limit the opportunities for undue influence by anyone PCU / MEF DGMP - DS / ARM-DS No later than six months Throughout the project life 4-Delays in procurement process Identify the root cause of procurement delays at National level and propose appropriate solutions MEF During Negotiations 5-Lack of adequate record keeping system Set up the project filing system in order to better keep procurement documents and reports and identify a staff responsible for this task. Train staff in data management.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "DGMP-DS refers to an organization involved in governance and procurement processes, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a part of project governance", + "follows a descriptive context of project roles", + "not referred to explicitly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'DGMP-DS' is most likely referring to a specific governance mechanism or an organizational unit involved in procurement rather than a structured dataset containing records, statistics, or observable data points. The context provided paints 'DGMP-DS' as playing a role in governance and project management, indicating its utility in managing processes rather than serving as a collection of data itself. The use of the term alongside other descriptors of project roles and tasks further suggests that it is referring to an entity rather than a dataset. While the name is capitalized and could lead to confusion (as it aligns with the conventions for naming datasets or information systems), the surrounding context does not support the interpretation of it as a dataset. This might prompt a model to misclassify it, especially if it was evaluated solely on its proper noun appearance or if it was considered in isolation from the surrounding textual context that emphasizes responsibility rather than data storage or management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DGMP-DS' is treated as an organization or governance role rather than a dataset, as it describes functionalities and responsibilities without reference to actual data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "135_810840PAD0P144010Box379877B00OUO090", + "page": 77, + "text": "The DGMP-DS and the ARMDS will have to play their role to ensure good governance and limit the opportunities for undue influence by anyone PCU / MEF DGMP - DS / ARM-DS No later than six months Throughout the project life 4-Delays in procurement process Identify the root cause of procurement delays at National level and propose appropriate solutions MEF During Negotiations 5-Lack of adequate record keeping system Set up the project filing system in order to better keep procurement documents and reports and identify a staff responsible for this task. Train staff in data management. PCU / MEF No later than 3 months within the project implementation AGETIPE 1-Lack of adequate procurement staff due to the new volume of activities to be implemented Recruitment of a procurement specialist and technical experts during the first two years of the project for regular short-term support missions during the assignment to speed procurement processes and to provide the required expertise AGETIPE At any time after the effectiveness 2-Delays in the procurement processes due to the workload generated Setting up a dedicated team within AGETIPE to process procurement activities of the project AGETIPE During the negotiations of delegated", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 20, + 25, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The DGMP-DS and the ARMDS will have to play their role to ensure good governance and limit the opportunities for undue influence by anyone PCU / MEF DGMP - DS / ARM-DS No later than six months Throughout the project life 4-Delays in procurement process Identify the root cause of procurement delays at National level and propose appropriate solutions MEF During Negotiations 5-Lack of adequate record keeping system Set up the project filing system in order to better keep procurement documents and reports and identify a staff responsible for this task. Train staff in data management.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "ARMDS appears to refer to an organization or initiative involved in governance and procurement processes, rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned alongside project names; lacks explicit mention of data; described as a role in governance rather than a source of records", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'ARMDS' appears to refer to a project or initiative related to governance and procurement, rather than a specific dataset containing structured records. The mention occurs in relation to roles in good governance, which suggests it operates more as a program or framework than as a standalone data collection. The phrase 'will have to play their role' indicates its function or responsibility rather than specifying it as a repository of data. Additionally, it is grouped with other entities like 'DGMP-DS,' without clear indicators that they serve as data sources. This leads to the conclusion that a model could misinterpret 'ARMDS' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and proximity to phrases that typically introduce datasets, but upon reviewing the explicit context, it becomes evident that it serves a different purpose. The model might fail to discern the difference between a project and a data repository based on its naming and surrounding text, thereby leading to potential confusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "ARMDS is not considered a dataset in this context as it functions as a project or governance initiative rather than a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "135_810840PAD0P144010Box379877B00OUO090", + "page": 83, + "text": "72 Monitoring & Evaluation 89. The project monitoring and evaluation framework will rely on specific M & E arrangements at three different layers \u2013 national level, regional level, and community monitoring. This approach is critical to ensure close monitoring of activities and real-time evaluation of progress achieved, and to promote the relevance of project activities in a changing environment. At the national level, the Project Coordination Unit ( PCU ) will be responsible for data collection and consolidated reporting on Components 1, 2 and 3 as provided by the different implementing agencies for the respective components. A dedicated staff within the PCU will assure the quality and timeliness of data and reporting. The Steering Committee will monitor the semi-annual reports that will be disclosed to the public. Baseline data will be collected by implementing agencies as part of project preparation. The Regional Antennas ( RAs ) will follow a specific framework for monitoring activities of Components 1, 2 and 3 in close coordination with regional, cercle and local government coordination mechanisms. 90. Participatory monitoring and public information dissemination will also be a key element of the project \u2019 s M & E. Communities and PLGs will monitor the use of project resources at the grassroots level including the timeliness and quality of infrastructure rehabilitation, and the utilization of project inputs by associations and individual beneficiaries in jump-starting productive activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 919, + 936, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline data will be collected by implementing agencies as part of project preparation. The Regional Antennas ( RAs ) will follow a specific framework for monitoring activities of Components 1, 2 and 3 in close coordination with regional, cercle and local government coordination mechanisms. 90.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "The term 'Regional Antennas' refers to a monitoring initiative rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of project preparation", + "described as a framework for monitoring activities", + "not enumerated with known datasets or data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Regional Antennas' appears to refer to a framework or initiative within a project designed to monitor activities rather than serving as a dataset itself. The terms preceding and following it indicate that it is part of the project's operational structure rather than a data source; it describes the oversight and coordination mechanisms rather than a concrete set of data records. A potential confusion factor for the model might come from the capitalization of 'Regional Antennas', which may give it the appearance of a formal data source or dataset. However, it does not meet the criteria of being a primary source of structured records or data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Regional Antennas' does not function as a dataset; it is more accurately described as a project framework for monitoring rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 9, + "text": "In addition, with a 54 percent gross enrolment rate in tertiary education in 2010, Lebanon greatly exceeds the 31 and 26 percent enrolment rates registered, respectively, for the MENA region and for middle-income countries. Still, weak institutional capacity and inefficiencies limit the country ' s prospects for developing higher quality education and health services. In some sectors, public service delivery is severely under - resourced, especially in terms of skilled staff, which affects the performance of ministries and their capacity to deliver quality services. Therefore, those who can afford it rely on the more expensive services provided by the private sector. There is widespread consensus that improved service delivery is a critical step toward a more inclusive Lebanon. 7 The last national household budget survey conducted in Lebanon was in 2004. The Central Administration of Statistics is currently finalizing the next HBS ( 2011 / 2012 ) with support from the World Bank. United Nations Development Program ( 2008 ). Poverty, Growth and Income Distribution in Lebanon. Beirut, Lebanon. 9 Findings from the Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey undertaken in May 2012. This was the first survey ever measuring financial literacy and capabilities at the country level. 10 All comparisons in the paragraph are based on the World Development Indicators for 2010 10", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1129, + 1177, + "named" + ], + [ + 83, + 90, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 780, + 787, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 846, + 853, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 954, + 958, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 983, + 993, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 995, + 1029, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1083, + 1090, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1100, + 1107, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1129, + 1136, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1192, + 1200, + "Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Beirut, Lebanon. 9 Findings from the Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey undertaken in May 2012. This was the first survey ever measuring financial literacy and capabilities at the country level.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey is a structured collection of data measuring financial literacy and capabilities at the country level.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "enumerated alongside findings", + "implies structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey' appears to refer to a survey rather than just a project name or a management information system. The context emphasizes that it was the first survey specifically designed to measure financial literacy at the country level. The reference to 'Findings' suggests that it produced data which was analyzed and reported. Given that surveys generally involve systematic data collection aimed at extracting insights, they indeed embody the characteristics of a dataset in this instance. The model may have identified it as a dataset due to its formal structure, explicit mention of data, and the nature of findings, which strongly indicates the presence of recorded outcomes derived from specific data collection efforts. The capitalized phrasing further reinforces this as a proper noun associated with a concrete data source rather than a mere title of a project or system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Lebanon Financial Capability and Literacy Survey' is treated as a dataset because it represents a structured collection of data resulting from a systematic survey conducted to assess financial literacy and capabilities." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 22, + "text": "The results monitoring framework assesses progress towards the PDO through key indicators, focusing on achieving improvement in responsiveness and quality of social services provided by MOSA, expanded coverage of SSNs ( the NPTP ), implementing viable income generating projects, and improving the capacity of MOSA ( see Annex 1 ). In addition, intermediate indicators will monitor the progress of each component over the life of the project. All data will be collected, disaggregating by gender to be able to monitor participation by women and girls. Monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements will be supported under Component 1, which will fund the development of an M & E system as well as training of MOSA staff and the project team to use it. A computerized, modular MIS will be the central piece of the M & E system and will include: ( a ) a database on capacity building activities carried out under Component 1 and their beneficiaries ( e. g., date, place, topic, and the names of beneficiaries of a specific training ); ( b ) a module to track the processing of applications under Component 2, input baseline data for approved sub-projects, register complaints and grievances, and monitor the physical progress in sub-project implementation and related tranche disbursements; ( c ) a module to register applicant households in the NPTP database,", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1347, + 1360, + "named" + ], + [ + 1319, + 1339, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "g. , date, place, topic, and the names of beneficiaries of a specific training ); ( b ) a module to track the processing of applications under Component 2, input baseline data for approved sub-projects, register complaints and grievances, and monitor the physical progress in sub-project implementation and related tranche disbursements; ( c ) a module to register applicant households in the NPTP database,", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data used to register applicant households, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system or platform for registration", + "described in the context of processing applications and monitoring activities", + "not simply referred to as containing data but as a tool for operations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'NPTP database' is referenced in line with various operational modules and activities related to tracking applications and managing projects. It seems to serve as an information system that processes actions related to applicants rather than presenting itself purely as a dataset. Additionally, the term's use in conjunction with functional tasks (e.g., registering, tracking) signals that it\u2019s used primarily as an infrastructure tool for project management rather than as an isolated source of data for analysis. A model might confuse it for a dataset due to its naming convention and the style of context surrounding it, which aligns it with other data-related mentions, but a closer look shows it functions more as an operational database.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NPTP database' is primarily a management information system used for tracking and processing applications, which, while it contains data, does not act as a standalone dataset for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 24, + "text": "case management, handling grievances and complaints, and preventing fraud. Concerning Component 2, the sustainability of activities to be funded through CSD grants will be a selection criterion and technical assistance will be provided to support it. With respect to Component 3, the targeting system established for the implementation of the NPTP represents a crucial building block for the country ' s social safety nets system, as the compiled database of applicants is expected to become the primary targeting tool for other programs aimed at reducing poverty and vulnerability. To this end, the project will finance dissemination activities to encourage other entities / ministries to utilize the NPTP database for identification of potential beneficiaries for their own programs. In addition, the NPTP is designed in such a way so as to be scaled up or down and therefore to accommodate budgetary changes, as the threshold score can be raised or lowered. V. KEY RISKS AND MITIGATION MEASURES A. Risk Ratings Summary Table Stakeholder Risk Substantial Implementing Agency Risk - Capacity Substantial - Governance Substantial Project Risk - Design Substantial - Social and Environmental Moderate - Program and Donor Moderate - Delivery Monitoring and Sustainability Substantial - Other ( Choice of NPTP benefit package ) High Overall Implementation Risk Substantial B. Overall Risk Rating Explanation 40. The overall implementation risk rating of the project is substantial.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 702, + 715, + "named" + ], + [ + 496, + 518, + "NPTP database <> data description" + ], + [ + 738, + 761, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "With respect to Component 3, the targeting system established for the implementation of the NPTP represents a crucial building block for the country ' s social safety nets system, as the compiled database of applicants is expected to become the primary targeting tool for other programs aimed at reducing poverty and vulnerability. To this end, the project will finance dissemination activities to encourage other entities / ministries to utilize the NPTP database for identification of potential beneficiaries for their own programs. In addition, the NPTP is designed in such a way so as to be scaled up or down and therefore to accommodate budgetary changes, as the threshold score can be raised or lowered.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data compiled from applicants, intended for use in targeting social safety net programs.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a compiled database of applicants", + "expected to become the primary targeting tool", + "mentioned as a targeting system for social safety nets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'NPTP database' is explicitly referred to as a 'compiled database of applicants,' indicating that it holds structured data specifically intended to support the targeting of social safety nets. The context emphasizes its role as a primary tool for other programs, portraying it as a source of data rather than just a project or system. While the database could be seen as part of a broader targeting system or management information system (MIS), the specific emphasis on its compilation and function suggests that it operates more like a dataset. Some potential confusion for models arises from the multi-faceted nature of project names and systems in the development sector, where terms like 'database' may typically refer to organizational structures rather than raw data collections. However, in this context, the 'NPTP database' is distinctly positioned as a concrete source of compiled applicant data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NPTP database' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly described as a compiled collection of applicant data that serves a specific analytical purpose within social safety nets." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 39, + "text": "In the case of the CSD Program, for instance, information about approved and rejected proposals will be public, as well as the eligibility and scoring criteria for proposals. ( b ) Building and empowering the human resources of the SDCs: Several capacity building activities have been identified to strengthen SDC staff skills in connection to: ( a ) the new equipment and computerized systems, ( b ) the implementation of the CSD and NPTP programs supported by Component 2 and 3, ( c ) community participation, and ( 4 ) overall outreach and M & E. Specific hands-on instruction will be provided on the use of MIS and databases. As a database of social service providers will be created, SDCs staff will be trained to collect and enter information concerning providers in their catchment area ( see below ). In connection with the implementation of the CSD and NPTP programs, staff will receive training in handling grievances, preventing and detecting corruption and fraud, fiduciary matters, and using case management and participatory approaches, while training on proposal writing will be provided to both CSOs and SDCs. A training needs assessment carried out as soon as the project becomes effective will provide additional detailed information, on the basis of which a training plan will be elaborated.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 611, + 614, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( b ) Building and empowering the human resources of the SDCs: Several capacity building activities have been identified to strengthen SDC staff skills in connection to: ( a ) the new equipment and computerized systems, ( b ) the implementation of the CSD and NPTP programs supported by Component 2 and 3, ( c ) community participation, and ( 4 ) overall outreach and M & E. Specific hands-on instruction will be provided on the use of MIS and databases. As a database of social service providers will be created, SDCs staff will be trained to collect and enter information concerning providers in their catchment area ( see below ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned in the context of training staff on its use", + "indicates it acts as a tool or system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System, which operates as a tool for managing data rather than being a dataset itself. The phrase mentions training SDC staff on the use of MIS and databases, reinforcing that MIS is part of the infrastructure to process or manage data but does not constitute a standalone, structured collection of data. The confusion may arise because 'MIS' is capitalized and described in a context related to data management, leading one to mistakenly consider it a dataset when it is actually a system that enables data management. Thus, I draw the line here based on the clear indicators that emphasize the role of MIS as a system, not as an independent dataset. Additionally, no explicit data analysis or dataset extraction is indicated.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not a dataset but a Management Information System serving as a tool for managing data. The usage context provides clear signals that define it as a system rather than a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 41, + "text": "Social needs assessments carried out by SDCs - - with support from activities financed under Component 1-and community consultations will help determine whether the proposed service addresses a real need in the community and will be a precondition for proposals to be considered. * Targeting: Targeting will be done according to two criteria: geographic targeting, on the basis of poverty and deprivation, and categorical targeting, on the basis of individual vulnerability. This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1. 42", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 722, + 726, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP refers to a database that collects information on beneficiaries, which can be used to assess poverty and deprivation in the community.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project or program name, not explicitly as a data source", + "described as a database but in the context of a broader project", + "assessed in terms of its coverage, not the specific data it produces" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, NPTP seems to refer to a broader program or project that encompasses a database but is not isolated as a dataset in itself. The phrase 'the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive' suggests that NPTP is a program that collects data but does not clarify what specific dataset is being referred to. The use of 'database' in the context makes it easy to assume it might be treated as a dataset. However, the emphasis is on the project's functionality and limitations rather than on the data it holds, which is why it is better analyzed as an information system rather than a standalone dataset. The model may have been misled by the term's potential capitalization as a proper noun and context about data collection, causing confusion. Since it lacks explicit references to usage as a data source, this should not be classified as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NPTP should not be treated as a dataset in this context because it functions primarily as a program that collects data through its structure rather than serving as an independent source of concrete data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 41, + "text": "Social needs assessments carried out by SDCs - - with support from activities financed under Component 1-and community consultations will help determine whether the proposed service addresses a real need in the community and will be a precondition for proposals to be considered. * Targeting: Targeting will be done according to two criteria: geographic targeting, on the basis of poverty and deprivation, and categorical targeting, on the basis of individual vulnerability. This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1. 42", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 788, + 792, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP refers to a database that contains information on beneficiaries, which can be used to assess poverty and deprivation in the community.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database that contains information", + "indicated as not yet exhaustive enough to determine indicators", + "usage implied as an information system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon reviewing the context in which 'NPTP' is mentioned, it becomes clear that 'NPTP' refers to a database related to beneficiaries. However, it is also described as having coverage that is not exhaustive for accurate poverty assessments. The phrasing suggests that while 'NPTP' is a source of data, it is more accurately characterized as an information system or a tool for storing data rather than a standalone dataset used for analysis. It is intertwined with the notion of being a project or a system that facilitates data collection without serving the function of a direct analytical dataset. The confusion may stem from the capitalization and the mention of 'database', which led to it being extracted as a dataset initially. Still, the context indicates limitations on its capacity to act as a definitive source for data analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NPTP' is not treated as a dataset because it is described as a database that is not yet adequate for determining poverty levels, indicating it is more of an information system rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 41, + "text": "Social needs assessments carried out by SDCs - - with support from activities financed under Component 1-and community consultations will help determine whether the proposed service addresses a real need in the community and will be a precondition for proposals to be considered. * Targeting: Targeting will be done according to two criteria: geographic targeting, on the basis of poverty and deprivation, and categorical targeting, on the basis of individual vulnerability. This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1. 42", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 859, + 863, + "named" + ], + [ + 968, + 981, + "NPTP <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This will ensure that poorer areas receive more funding but will not exclude vulnerable individuals who happen to live in richer areas. Geographic targeting represents somewhat of a challenge, as a poverty map is not available and the coverage of NPTP is not yet exhaustive enough to be able to use the number of NPTP beneficiaries as an indicator of poverty and deprivation ( as the NPTP database expands it can be utilized to help determine poverty pockets ). However, the experience of the Bank-financed CDP project suggests that it is possible to use rapid assessment techniques in conjunction with 32 Outreach activities will be supported under Component 1.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP refers to a database that collects information on beneficiaries, which can be used to assess poverty and deprivation in the community.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a database that collects information", + "describes the coverage of NPTP as not yet exhaustive", + "used in the context of poverty assessment but not explicitly as a dataset for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon reviewing the context, 'NPTP' is referred to as a database that collects information on beneficiaries, suggesting that it acts more like a management information system rather than a ready-to-use dataset. Although it is referenced in discussions of data use for assessing poverty, it's described in terms of coverage and expansion, indicating it is still developing and not utilized as a definitive dataset. The mention of rapid assessment techniques also suggests that while NPTP may provide data, it is not in a mature state for use as an established dataset yet. This ambiguity could lead a model to misclassify it as a dataset due to its attribute of collecting records and being capitalized, but it behaves more like a tool or system that is not fully functional in the context of the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, NPTP does not qualify as a dataset because it is described as a management information system that is still expanding, rather than being treated as a concrete data source ready for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 47, + "text": "( c ) Enabling evidence-based policy making for poverty reduction. This sub-component will: ( i ) Support the functioning of the Social-IMC and creation of a poverty analysis capability. In order to build capacity for evidence-based policymaking for poverty reduction, SPPP will finance ( i ) technical assistance to support the Inter-ministerial Committee for Social Policy ( Social-IMC ) and its Secretariat; ( ii ) technical assistance to establish a Poverty Analysis Team, whose role will be to assess the poverty and inequality situation in Lebanon using Household Budget Survey ( HBS ) data; and ( iii ) the design and implementation of the next HBS ( in 2017 ), which will be a large - sample survey representative at the governorate ( Mohafazat ) level. Component 4: Project Management ( US $ 2. 2 million total cost, of which US $ 2. 0 million to be financed from IBRD ) 16.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 560, + 583, + "named" + ], + [ + 546, + 553, + "Household Budget Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 586, + 589, + "Household Budget Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 661, + 665, + "Household Budget Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 685, + 706, + "Household Budget Survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This sub-component will: ( i ) Support the functioning of the Social-IMC and creation of a poverty analysis capability. In order to build capacity for evidence-based policymaking for poverty reduction, SPPP will finance ( i ) technical assistance to support the Inter-ministerial Committee for Social Policy ( Social-IMC ) and its Secretariat; ( ii ) technical assistance to establish a Poverty Analysis Team, whose role will be to assess the poverty and inequality situation in Lebanon using Household Budget Survey ( HBS ) data; and ( iii ) the design and implementation of the next HBS ( in 2017 ), which will be a large - sample survey representative at the governorate ( Mohafazat ) level. Component 4: Project Management ( US $ 2.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess poverty and inequality, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using' indicating data use", + "described as a data source for poverty analysis", + "referenced as a survey producing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Household Budget Survey' is clearly associated with collecting and analyzing data related to poverty and inequality. The mention of using 'HBS data' directly signifies that it is utilized as a data source for the analysis of poverty metrics. This phrasing supports the classification of the 'Household Budget Survey' as a dataset because it emphasizes its role in producing significant statistical insights about household economics. It does not appear to refer to a project or system, but rather suggests an ongoing collection of structured data indicative of a dataset. There is a potential for confusion since 'Household Budget Survey' could be misconstrued as a project title or a system, but the context implies its function as a data source for analytical purposes. Therefore, in this specific instance, it is appropriate to categorize it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it references structured data utilized to analyze poverty, thus clearly establishing its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 65, + "text": "The results monitoring framework assesses progress towards the PDO through key indicators, focusing on achieving improvement in quantity and quality of social services provided by MOSA, expanded coverage of SSNs ( the NPTP ), and viable income generating sub - projects ( see Annex 1 ). In addition, intermediate indicators will monitor the progress of each component over the life of the project. Monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements will be centralized at the level of the PM, which will have a dedicated M & E Specialist, and rely on an M & E system adapted to the needs of each component. A computerized, modular MIS will be the central piece of the M & E system and will include: ( a ) a database on capacity building activities carried out under Component 1 and their beneficiaries ( e. g., date, place, topic, and the names of beneficiaries of a specific training ); ( b ) a module to track the processing of applications under Component 2, input baseline data for approved sub-projects, as well as monitor the physical progress in sub - project implementation and related tranche disbursements; ( c ) a module to register households in the NPTP, record the results of their eligibility assessment ( including their NPTP score ), and follow their utilization of benefits; ( d ) a financial management module for the whole project. 52. The SDCs will be the primary providers of information to be entered into the MIS and will be trained accordingly, as well as equipped with computers and connected to the internet. The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports. For transparency purposes, part of the data contained in the MIS will be accessible to the public ( on a viewing-only basis ) through the MOSA website. The M & E specialist will randomly visit SDCs, sub-project sites, and beneficiary households to verify the accuracy of the data entered, accompanied by the Internal Auditor as needed. 66", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1431, + 1434, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "52. The SDCs will be the primary providers of information to be entered into the MIS and will be trained accordingly, as well as equipped with computers and connected to the internet. The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "not enumerated alongside known datasets", + "mentioned only as a system/tool, not explicitly as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which implies that it is a framework or tool designed to facilitate the collection and management of data rather than being a dataset itself. While models can confuse this term for a dataset due to its role in data processing, it is more accurately classified as an infrastructure that supports data management rather than a direct information source. The text indicates the purpose of the MIS and its functionality but does not suggest that it is a structured collection of data. The presence of descriptions about its roles, such as enabling data entry and producing summary reports, emphasizes its function as a system in the data handling process. Therefore, it is important to draw a line between a system which manages data and an explicit collection of data (a dataset).", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' in this context refers to a Management Information System, which acts as a tool for managing data rather than serving as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 65, + "text": "The results monitoring framework assesses progress towards the PDO through key indicators, focusing on achieving improvement in quantity and quality of social services provided by MOSA, expanded coverage of SSNs ( the NPTP ), and viable income generating sub - projects ( see Annex 1 ). In addition, intermediate indicators will monitor the progress of each component over the life of the project. Monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements will be centralized at the level of the PM, which will have a dedicated M & E Specialist, and rely on an M & E system adapted to the needs of each component. A computerized, modular MIS will be the central piece of the M & E system and will include: ( a ) a database on capacity building activities carried out under Component 1 and their beneficiaries ( e. g., date, place, topic, and the names of beneficiaries of a specific training ); ( b ) a module to track the processing of applications under Component 2, input baseline data for approved sub-projects, as well as monitor the physical progress in sub - project implementation and related tranche disbursements; ( c ) a module to register households in the NPTP, record the results of their eligibility assessment ( including their NPTP score ), and follow their utilization of benefits; ( d ) a financial management module for the whole project. 52. The SDCs will be the primary providers of information to be entered into the MIS and will be trained accordingly, as well as equipped with computers and connected to the internet. The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports. For transparency purposes, part of the data contained in the MIS will be accessible to the public ( on a viewing-only basis ) through the MOSA website. The M & E specialist will randomly visit SDCs, sub-project sites, and beneficiary households to verify the accuracy of the data entered, accompanied by the Internal Auditor as needed. 66", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1538, + 1541, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The SDCs will be the primary providers of information to be entered into the MIS and will be trained accordingly, as well as equipped with computers and connected to the internet. The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports. For transparency purposes, part of the data contained in the MIS will be accessible to the public ( on a viewing-only basis ) through the MOSA website.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "functions as a tool for managing data", + "mentioned in the context of data entry and reporting", + "not explicitly referred to as a source of data in analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' stands for Management Information System, which serves as an infrastructure or tool designed to facilitate data management, rather than being a concrete dataset itself. The descriptions provided emphasize its role in enabling data entry and producing summary reports, indicating that it acts more as a mechanism to handle data flow rather than being an actual dataset. The extracted term seems to fit into the common confusions surrounding systems and datasets due to its capitalization and common usage in data management terminology. It was likely flagged by the extraction model because it appears as a focal point in the text concerning the management of data, and it follows phrases that suggest data use. However, it is not explicitly characterized as containing data records or being used as a source for analysis. Thus, the distinction lies in its function: 'MIS' is an operational tool rather than a defined dataset that researchers would extract and analyze data from.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' in this context refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing and processing data, rather than a structured dataset for analysis. Therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 65, + "text": "The results monitoring framework assesses progress towards the PDO through key indicators, focusing on achieving improvement in quantity and quality of social services provided by MOSA, expanded coverage of SSNs ( the NPTP ), and viable income generating sub - projects ( see Annex 1 ). In addition, intermediate indicators will monitor the progress of each component over the life of the project. Monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) arrangements will be centralized at the level of the PM, which will have a dedicated M & E Specialist, and rely on an M & E system adapted to the needs of each component. A computerized, modular MIS will be the central piece of the M & E system and will include: ( a ) a database on capacity building activities carried out under Component 1 and their beneficiaries ( e. g., date, place, topic, and the names of beneficiaries of a specific training ); ( b ) a module to track the processing of applications under Component 2, input baseline data for approved sub-projects, as well as monitor the physical progress in sub - project implementation and related tranche disbursements; ( c ) a module to register households in the NPTP, record the results of their eligibility assessment ( including their NPTP score ), and follow their utilization of benefits; ( d ) a financial management module for the whole project. 52. The SDCs will be the primary providers of information to be entered into the MIS and will be trained accordingly, as well as equipped with computers and connected to the internet. The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports. For transparency purposes, part of the data contained in the MIS will be accessible to the public ( on a viewing-only basis ) through the MOSA website. The M & E specialist will randomly visit SDCs, sub-project sites, and beneficiary households to verify the accuracy of the data entered, accompanied by the Internal Auditor as needed. 66", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1732, + 1735, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MIS will be designed to allow data entry directly from the field, while the PM will perform data checks and produce summary reports. For transparency purposes, part of the data contained in the MIS will be accessible to the public ( on a viewing-only basis ) through the MOSA website. The M & E specialist will randomly visit SDCs, sub-project sites, and beneficiary households to verify the accuracy of the data entered, accompanied by the Internal Auditor as needed.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not referenced as a direct data source", + "context indicates it is a tool for managing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is explicitly referenced as a Management Information System, which focuses on the management and handling of data rather than being the dataset itself. The text outlines its function in facilitating data entry and checks, which aligns with a system's operational role rather than a dataset's structural role. While the text mentions that part of the data contained in the MIS will be publicly accessible, it does not frame the MIS itself as a collection of data. The presence of phrases that suggest it's a management tool ('allow data entry', 'perform data checks', 'produce summary reports') reinforces this idea. The model may have flagged it as a dataset because 'MIS' is capitalized and resembles typical dataset names; however, it is clear from the context that it is functioning as a system for managing data instead. Confusion may arise if models do not adequately differentiate between systems designed to handle data and actual datasets used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a management system designed for data entry and organization, not as a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 87, + "text": "17. The economic impact of NPTP on the aggregate level would be achieved through the reduced extreme poverty and inequality in Lebanon as well as the realized positive externalities from greater utilization of health and education services as well as electricity coverage. The benefits arising from externalities cannot be estimated ex ante due to inherent uncertainty regarding the share of marginal households in the eligible population as well as the magnitude of such externalities. Still, we can estimate the potential magnitude of impact on extreme poverty and inequality by assuming that all eligible households will be infra-marginal or unaffected, thus providing a somewhat conservative estimate of the economic benefits of NPTP. A few other simplifying assumptions are necessary for such a simulation: * The average value of the benefit per recipient. For this, estimates made by the PCM unit of the NPTP, based on the first two batches of NPTP applications already in the NPTP database ( 43, 608 applicant households, with 18, 801 households below the eligibility cutoff ) are used ( Table 2 ). * These estimates yield the total expected budget for the first two batches of 84, 322 NPTP beneficiaries - with all five benefits listed in the table above - to be US $ 14, 243, 898, or US $ 168. 92 per beneficiary ( or US $ 757. 61 per household ) in 2012", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 983, + 996, + "named" + ], + [ + 127, + 134, + "NPTP database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1193, + 1211, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1359, + 1363, + "NPTP database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1379, + 1397, + "NPTP database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A few other simplifying assumptions are necessary for such a simulation: * The average value of the benefit per recipient. For this, estimates made by the PCM unit of the NPTP, based on the first two batches of NPTP applications already in the NPTP database ( 43, 608 applicant households, with 18, 801 households below the eligibility cutoff ) are used ( Table 2 ). * These estimates yield the total expected budget for the first two batches of 84, 322 NPTP beneficiaries - with all five benefits listed in the table above - to be US $ 14, 243, 898, or US $ 168.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data regarding applicants and beneficiaries of the NPTP program, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'based on...'", + "described as containing records of applicant households", + "used as the source for estimates and budget calculations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'NPTP database' is mentioned in relation to estimates made by a specific unit (PCM) based on actual records of applicants. This indicates that the NPTP database serves as the primary source of structured records, confirming its status as a dataset. It is explicitly tied to quantifiable data used for simulations, which underscores its role as a dataset rather than just a system or project without data. The confusion could arise because it is labeled 'database,' suggesting a technical framework, but the context makes it clear that it is more about the actual data contained within that framework. The phrase 'in the NPTP database' creates a strong connection to the use of actual records, which reinforces the interpretation of it being a dataset rather than just an information system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'NPTP database' is considered a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a source of structured records for application data used in calculations." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 88, + "text": "Table 2: Estimated annual value of each NPTP benefit Expected number Annual of affected Beneit vlue ( marginal + infra - Comments Education benefit US $ 150 per 28, 263 students The value is estimated by the MEHE; the ( fee waivers, student aged 6-18 years number of students of eligible age is textbooks ) calculated from the NPTP database Health benefit US $ 374 per 13, 492 individuals The value is calculated based on MOPH ( hospitalization fee individual data of age-specific morbidity rates; the waiver copayments ) number of affected individuals is at twice the current national morbidity rate ( MOPH estimate ) to account for expected increase in utilization of hospital care Electricity benefit US $ 159. 60 18, 801 households The value is calculated as 10, 000 L. L. of ( cost of connection + per monthly connection charges and 10, 000 lump-sum discount household L. L. of monthly lump-sum discount off the electricity bill ) annualized and converted to US $ Health benefits ( Cost US $ 120 per 16, 315 individuals The value includes registration fee for of chronic drugs ) individual monthly checkup of chronic diseases as well as medicines provided by MOSA SDCs * The expected coverage rate of extremely poor individuals by the end of the project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 327, + 340, + "named" + ], + [ + 233, + 256, + "NPTP database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 2: Estimated annual value of each NPTP benefit Expected number Annual of affected Beneit vlue ( marginal + infra - Comments Education benefit US $ 150 per 28, 263 students The value is estimated by the MEHE; the ( fee waivers, student aged 6-18 years number of students of eligible age is textbooks ) calculated from the NPTP database Health benefit US $ 374 per 13, 492 individuals The value is calculated based on MOPH ( hospitalization fee individual data of age-specific morbidity rates; the waiver copayments ) number of affected individuals is at twice the current national morbidity rate ( MOPH estimate ) to account for expected increase in utilization of hospital care Electricity benefit US $ 159. 60 18, 801 households The value is calculated as 10, 000 L.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP database is a structured collection of data used to estimate the number of affected individuals and benefits in various sectors.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database", + "value is estimated by MEHE; the number of students of eligible age is calculated from the NPTP database", + "context implies the NPTP database contains structured data for estimation processes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'NPTP database' is presented as part of a structure that informs the calculation of benefits related to education and health. The phrase 'calculated from the NPTP database' implies that it is not just a project name or a system; it serves as a primary source from which measurable data (like the number of eligible students and the associated benefits) is derived. The model likely recognized 'NPTP database' as a structured entity due to its formal naming convention and the context surrounding its usage suggesting that it contains identifiable records suitable for analysis. Although 'NPTP' could potentially signify a project or system, here it is clearly intended as a source of data for specific calculations, rather than merely the infrastructure that supports data collection. This duality could confuse models that might not fully differentiate context-based usage as a dataset from mere project/resource naming.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'NPTP database' here behaves as a dataset because it is explicitly indicated as a source for calculating education and health benefits, suggesting structured data is involved in these estimations." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 88, + "text": "Table 2: Estimated annual value of each NPTP benefit Expected number Annual of affected Beneit vlue ( marginal + infra - Comments Education benefit US $ 150 per 28, 263 students The value is estimated by the MEHE; the ( fee waivers, student aged 6-18 years number of students of eligible age is textbooks ) calculated from the NPTP database Health benefit US $ 374 per 13, 492 individuals The value is calculated based on MOPH ( hospitalization fee individual data of age-specific morbidity rates; the waiver copayments ) number of affected individuals is at twice the current national morbidity rate ( MOPH estimate ) to account for expected increase in utilization of hospital care Electricity benefit US $ 159. 60 18, 801 households The value is calculated as 10, 000 L. L. of ( cost of connection + per monthly connection charges and 10, 000 lump-sum discount household L. L. of monthly lump-sum discount off the electricity bill ) annualized and converted to US $ Health benefits ( Cost US $ 120 per 16, 315 individuals The value includes registration fee for of chronic drugs ) individual monthly checkup of chronic diseases as well as medicines provided by MOSA SDCs * The expected coverage rate of extremely poor individuals by the end of the project.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 422, + 426, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Table 2: Estimated annual value of each NPTP benefit Expected number Annual of affected Beneit vlue ( marginal + infra - Comments Education benefit US $ 150 per 28, 263 students The value is estimated by the MEHE; the ( fee waivers, student aged 6-18 years number of students of eligible age is textbooks ) calculated from the NPTP database Health benefit US $ 374 per 13, 492 individuals The value is calculated based on MOPH ( hospitalization fee individual data of age-specific morbidity rates; the waiver copayments ) number of affected individuals is at twice the current national morbidity rate ( MOPH estimate ) to account for expected increase in utilization of hospital care Electricity benefit US $ 159. 60 18, 801 households The value is calculated as 10, 000 L.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MOPH refers to an organization, specifically the Ministry of Public Health, and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "MOPH is referred to as an organization (Ministry of Public Health)", + "Numbers and estimates are calculated based on data attributed to MOPH, but no indication that MOPH itself is a dataset", + "MOPH is not described as a project or information system that specifically stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'MOPH' refers to the Ministry of Public Health and is used to indicate the source of morbidity data for health benefits calculations. It is not presented as a dataset but rather as an organization that informs the calculations through individual data, morbidity rates, and estimates. The confusion arises because the model might misinterpret MOPH as a structured data source due to phrases like 'calculated based on MOPH.' However, this refers to the data it generates or provides rather than a dataset in a conventional sense. The line between a system or organization and a dataset can be blurry, especially when organizations are involved in data collection or analysis, which may have led to MOPH being flagged as a dataset in an extraction model since it appears next to statistical values and calculations. Despite this, the primary function of MOPH in this context is as an entity providing the data rather than a dataset containing that data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MOPH is not treated as a dataset here because it specifically refers to the Ministry of Public Health rather than a structured collection of data. The context indicates that the calculations are based on individual data related to morbidity rates, which the organization provides, not a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 88, + "text": "We are making an optimistic assumption that, by 2024, 100 percent of extremely poor households will be covered with NPTP benefits. Since we are using 2004 HBS data to simulate NPTP impact, we are assuming that the extreme poverty line is US $ 2. 4 per capita per day, and that 7. 2 percent of the population ( or 273, 761 individuals ) were extremely poor in that year. Assuming no changes in the distributions or total number of extreme poor in Lebanon between 2004 and 201260 NPTP currently ( in 2012 ) covers 84, 322 / 273, 761 = 30. 8 percent of extremely poor individuals ( assuming that all the current NPTP beneficiaries are extremely poor, i. e., there are no errors of inclusion ). Thus, 100 percent coverage rate assumes better outreach achieved by 2024. 18. Thus, the simulation of the expected impact of NPTP on aggregate extreme poverty and inequality in Lebanon consists of applying the average value of the NPTP benefit ( US $ 541. 15 per household in 2004 prices, assuming the value of the benefit increased at the same rate as overall CPI, or by 40 percent from 2004 to 2011 ) to the income of all individuals below the extreme poverty line of US $ 2. 4 per capita per day. We use the 2004 Household Budget Survey to run this simulation. The results are summarized in Table 3 below: 60 The estimated number of extremely poor in 2012 was determined based on the 2012 population in Lebanon ( World Development Indicator ) and the extreme poverty rate of 7. 2 percent ( 2004 Household Budget Survey or HBS ). Due to lack of updated data on poverty, it is assumed that the extreme poverty rate will remain the same as it was in 2004, when it was assessed through a HBS. 89", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1202, + 1230, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "4 per capita per day. We use the 2004 Household Budget Survey to run this simulation. The results are summarized in Table 3 below: 60 The estimated number of extremely poor in 2012 was determined based on the 2012 population in Lebanon ( World Development Indicator ) and the extreme poverty rate of 7.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2004 Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess poverty levels in Lebanon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'we use the'", + "described explicitly as a survey", + "provides data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase '2004 Household Budget Survey' clearly follows 'we use' which indicates that it is being treated as a source of data for the analysis. The phrase implies that it is not just a project name or a tool, but rather a source of structured data utilized in the research. This suggests that it functions as a tangible dataset since it directly informs the analysis being presented. There is no mention of it functioning as a management information system or similar; instead, it is employed as a dataset, which directly contributes to the results discussed. Given these contextual cues, it is reasonable to conclude that it should be classified as a dataset, as it serves the purpose of providing actual data used in simulations or analyses. A model might have been confused if it considered the term's formality or capitalization as indicative of a system or project, but the surrounding language clarifies its role in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2004 Household Budget Survey' is classified as a dataset here because it is explicitly used as a source of data for analysis in the research context." + }, + { + "filename": "143_749060PAD0P124010Box374388B00OUO090", + "page": 88, + "text": "We are making an optimistic assumption that, by 2024, 100 percent of extremely poor households will be covered with NPTP benefits. Since we are using 2004 HBS data to simulate NPTP impact, we are assuming that the extreme poverty line is US $ 2. 4 per capita per day, and that 7. 2 percent of the population ( or 273, 761 individuals ) were extremely poor in that year. Assuming no changes in the distributions or total number of extreme poor in Lebanon between 2004 and 201260 NPTP currently ( in 2012 ) covers 84, 322 / 273, 761 = 30. 8 percent of extremely poor individuals ( assuming that all the current NPTP beneficiaries are extremely poor, i. e., there are no errors of inclusion ). Thus, 100 percent coverage rate assumes better outreach achieved by 2024. 18. Thus, the simulation of the expected impact of NPTP on aggregate extreme poverty and inequality in Lebanon consists of applying the average value of the NPTP benefit ( US $ 541. 15 per household in 2004 prices, assuming the value of the benefit increased at the same rate as overall CPI, or by 40 percent from 2004 to 2011 ) to the income of all individuals below the extreme poverty line of US $ 2. 4 per capita per day. We use the 2004 Household Budget Survey to run this simulation. The results are summarized in Table 3 below: 60 The estimated number of extremely poor in 2012 was determined based on the 2012 population in Lebanon ( World Development Indicator ) and the extreme poverty rate of 7. 2 percent ( 2004 Household Budget Survey or HBS ). Due to lack of updated data on poverty, it is assumed that the extreme poverty rate will remain the same as it was in 2004, when it was assessed through a HBS. 89", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1484, + 1512, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The results are summarized in Table 3 below: 60 The estimated number of extremely poor in 2012 was determined based on the 2012 population in Lebanon ( World Development Indicator ) and the extreme poverty rate of 7. 2 percent ( 2004 Household Budget Survey or HBS ). Due to lack of updated data on poverty, it is assumed that the extreme poverty rate will remain the same as it was in 2004, when it was assessed through a HBS.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2004 Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess poverty levels in Lebanon.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "used to assess poverty levels" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, '2004 Household Budget Survey' is referenced explicitly as the source of specific data on the extreme poverty rate in Lebanon. The phrase 'based on the 2012 population in Lebanon' indicates that this survey is being utilized as a foundational data source for the analysis. Additionally, the term is followed by an explanation of how it contributes to understanding poverty, lending itself to being recognized as a dataset. While its naming might evoke the idea of a project or systematic study, the way it is integrated here indicates it behaves more like a concrete dataset from which specific statistics are derived. Such naming conventions could cause confusion for models that might categorize it as a project or system, but its direct application to data analysis clarifies its role as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2004 Household Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is utilized explicitly to draw data for analysis on poverty levels in Lebanon, highlighting its role as a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 17, + "text": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc., is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3. Project Design Targeting In the absence of data on household income, the Project uses geographical targeting at the level of the governorates where poverty level is estimated at 18. 3 % on average, 32. 5 % in Hebron and 21. 3 % in Bethlehem ( 2010 ) 9. Both governorates also have the highest unemployment rates in the West Bank with averages of 22. 8 % and 22. 4 %, respectively10. The vulnerability of these groups is exacerbated by mobility restrictions and poor market access. Output-based subsidy payment 8 These closures are part of the World Bank project and including them in the OBA targets will further incentivize JSC-H & B to achieve closures according to the planned schedule. In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 361, + 364, + "named" + ], + [ + 448, + 456, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 465, + 486, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 907, + 913, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 929, + 938, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 941, + 945, + "MIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1241, + 1251, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1547, + 1551, + "MIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS is designed to consolidate and report relevant SWM data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and tracking progress.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data management", + "described as a management information system", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS' is presented as a management information system rather than a dataset itself. It denotes a tool or system designed specifically for the management and reporting of SWM data rather than being a standalone set of data records. While it does involve data (e.g., waste tonnage, costs), it functions more as a framework for handling this information. The model may have considered 'MIS' a dataset due to its mention alongside data-related contexts and potentially seeing it capitalized as a proper name. However, since the text emphasizes its role as a system for implementation of SWM data, it clarifies that 'MIS' serves as an infrastructure rather than a distinct dataset. Thus, this leads to the conclusion that 'MIS' should be viewed as a management tool rather than as the dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' is not a real dataset but a management information system designed to handle and report data. It functions as a structured framework rather than a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 17, + "text": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc., is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3. Project Design Targeting In the absence of data on household income, the Project uses geographical targeting at the level of the governorates where poverty level is estimated at 18. 3 % on average, 32. 5 % in Hebron and 21. 3 % in Bethlehem ( 2010 ) 9. Both governorates also have the highest unemployment rates in the West Bank with averages of 22. 8 % and 22. 4 %, respectively10. The vulnerability of these groups is exacerbated by mobility restrictions and poor market access. Output-based subsidy payment 8 These closures are part of the World Bank project and including them in the OBA targets will further incentivize JSC-H & B to achieve closures according to the planned schedule. In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 403, + 406, + "named" + ], + [ + 448, + 456, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 465, + 486, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 907, + 913, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 929, + 938, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 941, + 945, + "MIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1547, + 1551, + "MIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS is designed to consolidate and report relevant SWM data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and tracking progress.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a system, not directly as a data source", + "implementation of the MIS is targeted, indicating it's a tool not final data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers explicitly to a management information system meant for the design and implementation of data collection regarding solid waste management (SWM). Even though it consolidates relevant data such as waste tonnage and costs, it is clear the focus is on the implementation of this system, which will later handle the data but is not itself the dataset. The model may have misclassified this because 'MIS' is frequently capitalized, giving it a proper noun appearance, and it follows phrases related to implementation and data usage. However, without a direct statement that uses 'MIS' as a data source, it should not be treated as a dataset, but rather as a system facilitating future data collection and reporting. The confusion arises because 'MIS' does imply a structured collection of data, yet the term is not being positioned as the source of the data in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is referred to as a management information system designed for data handling, not as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 17, + "text": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc., is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3. Project Design Targeting In the absence of data on household income, the Project uses geographical targeting at the level of the governorates where poverty level is estimated at 18. 3 % on average, 32. 5 % in Hebron and 21. 3 % in Bethlehem ( 2010 ) 9. Both governorates also have the highest unemployment rates in the West Bank with averages of 22. 8 % and 22. 4 %, respectively10. The vulnerability of these groups is exacerbated by mobility restrictions and poor market access. Output-based subsidy payment 8 These closures are part of the World Bank project and including them in the OBA targets will further incentivize JSC-H & B to achieve closures according to the planned schedule. In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 557, + 560, + "named" + ], + [ + 448, + 456, + "MIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 465, + 486, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 907, + 913, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 929, + 938, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 941, + 945, + "MIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "MIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1241, + 1251, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1547, + 1551, + "MIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc. , is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The MIS is designed to consolidate and report relevant SWM data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system that facilitates data consolidation and reporting", + "describes the MIS's function rather than presenting it as a direct data source", + "does not follow phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the term 'MIS' refers explicitly to a management information system designed to help consolidate and report data, rather than being a dataset itself. The surrounding language makes it clear that it is a tool or infrastructure intended for data management, not a collection of structured data records in isolation. A model might confuse 'MIS' for a dataset due to the way it's discussed \u2014 it is involved in the handling of data and thus shares a close relationship with data yet fundamentally serves as a mechanism for managing that data rather than being the data itself. The absence of context indicating that 'MIS' is being used as a data source distinguishes it from being classified as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this particular instance, 'MIS' operates as a management information system meant to organize and report data, not as a dataset itself, as it does not meet the contextual requirements of being referred to as a data source directly." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 17, + "text": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc., is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3. Project Design Targeting In the absence of data on household income, the Project uses geographical targeting at the level of the governorates where poverty level is estimated at 18. 3 % on average, 32. 5 % in Hebron and 21. 3 % in Bethlehem ( 2010 ) 9. Both governorates also have the highest unemployment rates in the West Bank with averages of 22. 8 % and 22. 4 %, respectively10. The vulnerability of these groups is exacerbated by mobility restrictions and poor market access. Output-based subsidy payment 8 These closures are part of the World Bank project and including them in the OBA targets will further incentivize JSC-H & B to achieve closures according to the planned schedule. In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1578, + 1597, + "named" + ], + [ + 907, + 913, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 929, + 938, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 941, + 945, + "Labour Force Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1493, + 1502, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1547, + 1551, + "Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1555, + 1560, + "Labour Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1644, + 1648, + "Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labour Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze employment and unemployment statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a survey that retrieves statistical data", + "follows the mention of results and analysis." + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Labour Force Survey' is clearly identified as a structured collection of data, particularly related to employment statistics. The passage discusses 'Labour Force Survey Results,' which highlights an analysis based on this survey, signaling that it is being treated as a dataset. Additionally, it is placed in proximity to other statistical data mentions, exemplifying its role as a data source rather than just a project or system. While one might initially consider whether the term refers to an entire project or infrastructure (as survey results can sometimes be disseminated through various platforms), the explicit connection to survey results confirms its relevance as a dataset. The overall phrasing suggests that the survey's findings are crucial for broader analytical purposes, reinforcing the notion of it being a valuable data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Labour Force Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is directly linked to statistical results, indicating that it serves as a structured source of data rather than merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 17, + "text": "Indicator ( 1 ) includes the following studies and actions to be implemented in the first year: - Indicator ( 1 ) SWM Strategy: \uf0b7 Strategy Development: this entails development of plans for management and treatment of slaughterhouse and medical waste and the development of plans for closure and rehabilitation of unsanitary dumpsites8. \uf0b7 Implementation of the MIS: the design and implementation of the MIS is targeted for the first year. Relevant SWM data such as waste tonnage handled, costs, etc., is currently tracked by service providers; however, the MIS will facilitate the consolidation and reporting of this data and allow JSC-H & B to more effectively track progress and performance. B3. Project Design Targeting In the absence of data on household income, the Project uses geographical targeting at the level of the governorates where poverty level is estimated at 18. 3 % on average, 32. 5 % in Hebron and 21. 3 % in Bethlehem ( 2010 ) 9. Both governorates also have the highest unemployment rates in the West Bank with averages of 22. 8 % and 22. 4 %, respectively10. The vulnerability of these groups is exacerbated by mobility restrictions and poor market access. Output-based subsidy payment 8 These closures are part of the World Bank project and including them in the OBA targets will further incentivize JSC-H & B to achieve closures according to the planned schedule. In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1607, + 1626, + "named" + ], + [ + 907, + 913, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 929, + 938, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 941, + 945, + "Labour Force Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1026, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1493, + 1502, + "Labour Force Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1547, + 1551, + "Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1555, + 1560, + "Labour Force Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1644, + 1648, + "Labour Force Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, these closures are necessary to meet OBA targets for Indicator ( 3 ) Waste Managed. 9 PCBS: West Bank Southern Governorates Statistical Yearbook, 2011 10 PCSBS Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results, Labour Force Survey ( January-March, 2011 ) Round ( Q1 / 2011 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Labour Force Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze employment and unemployment statistics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results\u2019", + "described as containing results", + "associated with specific data collection period" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the 'Labour Force Survey' is clearly referred to in a way that suggests it is a structured collection of data focusing on labor statistics. The phrase 'Press Release on Labour Force Survey Results' indicates that the mentioned survey produces tangible statistics or results derived from an organized method of data collection, aligning it with the characteristics of a dataset. Furthermore, it specifies a time frame (January-March, 2011), which supports the view that it serves as a record of systematic data collection rather than merely being a project name or a system. Models might have confused it due to its nomenclature resembling both project titles and systems, but contextual clues point towards its role as a definitive dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Labour Force Survey' is treated as a dataset here because it is mentioned in a context that directly links it to statistical results and a defined data collection period." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 19, + "text": "Furthermore, a number of stakeholder awareness activities will be developed in the first year and implemented throughout the project period, with the majority of such activities happening in the initial 2 years. This will help build awareness and achieve higher levels of commitment to behavioral change among stakeholders, to help achieve the targets identified. \uf0b7 Indicator ( 3 ) Total Waste Managed: the abovementioned stakeholder awareness activities in addition to the studies mentioned under Indicator ( 1 ), will also help ensure that progressively a larger portion of waste is managed in a sanitary manner. \uf0b7 Indicator ( 4 ) Improvement in Fee Collection Ratio: the development and deployment of the MIS will help keep track of fee collections and highlight areas for improvement which will enable the relevant agency to focus its efforts on such areas. Furthermore, the development and implementation of Guidelines for SWM Tariff and Fee Collection Systems in the initial years will help ensure the most appropriate billing mechanisms are utilized in each governorate. \uf0b7 Indicator ( 5 ) Improvement in Billings to Cost Ratio: once more, the actions taken in initial years will help with the achievement of targets for this indicator.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 708, + 711, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\uf0b7 Indicator ( 3 ) Total Waste Managed: the abovementioned stakeholder awareness activities in addition to the studies mentioned under Indicator ( 1 ), will also help ensure that progressively a larger portion of waste is managed in a sanitary manner. \uf0b7 Indicator ( 4 ) Improvement in Fee Collection Ratio: the development and deployment of the MIS will help keep track of fee collections and highlight areas for improvement which will enable the relevant agency to focus its efforts on such areas. Furthermore, the development and implementation of Guidelines for SWM Tariff and Fee Collection Systems in the initial years will help ensure the most appropriate billing mechanisms are utilized in each governorate.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System (MIS) that helps track fee collections", + "context emphasizes its role in managing data rather than being a source of data", + "mentioned as an infrastructural tool rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MIS' in the context provided clearly refers to a Management Information System, as it is explicitly stated that it will help track fee collections. The focus of the sentence is on how this system will enable the relevant agency to improve its processes, indicating its role as a tool or infrastructure rather than a specific collection of data (i.e., a dataset). This is further reinforced by the fact that it is positioned alongside discussions about monitoring and improvement, not as a repository of data itself. A model might have been confused due to the potential for 'MIS' to be seen as having data management functionality, thus leading to an assumption that it is a dataset. However, the absence of any phrasing indicating it functions primarily as a data source clears this up.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management tool that aids in tracking and improving data usage." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 21, + "text": "22 A key component of the project is the development of SIPs corresponding to set targets. The SIPs aim at guiding service providers towards providing higher service level and improve financial sustainability. The SIPs outline the steps that M / VCs and JSCs need to take to meet the set OBA Targets. The actions in the SIPs are based on specific issues that different M / VCs face to manage their SWM system, allowing M / VCs to address their unique challenges differently while working towards common goals for the entire project area. Mechanism for independent output verification The OBA grant will be subject to independent verification to assess the scores for each OBA Target and its associated indicators. The IVA will review progress annually semi-annually and evaluate achievements against the agreed target for the indicators identified. Each review will result in a score against which the payment is prorated assuming the minimum passing score is achieved for each indicator. At the JSC level, the IVA will review the MIS records to check that scores have been calculated correctly and subsequently select a sample of that data entered in the MIS to verify whether it has been recorded accurately. Acceptable verification will trigger the transfer of the corresponding OBA grant to JSC-H & B. The scorecard will be used for both independent verification and overall project \u2019 s M & E purposes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1031, + 1034, + "named" + ], + [ + 242, + 249, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Each review will result in a score against which the payment is prorated assuming the minimum passing score is achieved for each indicator. At the JSC level, the IVA will review the MIS records to check that scores have been calculated correctly and subsequently select a sample of that data entered in the MIS to verify whether it has been recorded accurately. Acceptable verification will trigger the transfer of the corresponding OBA grant to JSC-H & B.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as part of a verification process rather than as an actual data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is referenced as a management information system that is utilized to check the accuracy of scores related to the project. It is not described as a dataset in its own right, but rather as a system that holds records; thus, it serves more as a verification tool than a primary data source. The mention of the MIS in the context of reviewing and verifying data entered suggests that it is fulfilling an infrastructure role, rather than presenting itself as a dataset. The model may have flagged this as a dataset because 'MIS' is capitalized and implies a structured dataset, but it lacks explicit contextual cues indicating that it is used directly as a source of data for analysis or reporting. The mention doesn't include phrases like 'uses data from MIS' and instead refers to the system's function in managing records, which signals a different usage. This could easily lead to confusion for models that might treat structured names as datasets regardless of their role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' is not a dataset but a management information system that serves as a tool for record verification, thus it does not qualify as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 21, + "text": "22 A key component of the project is the development of SIPs corresponding to set targets. The SIPs aim at guiding service providers towards providing higher service level and improve financial sustainability. The SIPs outline the steps that M / VCs and JSCs need to take to meet the set OBA Targets. The actions in the SIPs are based on specific issues that different M / VCs face to manage their SWM system, allowing M / VCs to address their unique challenges differently while working towards common goals for the entire project area. Mechanism for independent output verification The OBA grant will be subject to independent verification to assess the scores for each OBA Target and its associated indicators. The IVA will review progress annually semi-annually and evaluate achievements against the agreed target for the indicators identified. Each review will result in a score against which the payment is prorated assuming the minimum passing score is achieved for each indicator. At the JSC level, the IVA will review the MIS records to check that scores have been calculated correctly and subsequently select a sample of that data entered in the MIS to verify whether it has been recorded accurately. Acceptable verification will trigger the transfer of the corresponding OBA grant to JSC-H & B. The scorecard will be used for both independent verification and overall project \u2019 s M & E purposes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1156, + 1159, + "named" + ], + [ + 242, + 249, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Each review will result in a score against which the payment is prorated assuming the minimum passing score is achieved for each indicator. At the JSC level, the IVA will review the MIS records to check that scores have been calculated correctly and subsequently select a sample of that data entered in the MIS to verify whether it has been recorded accurately. Acceptable verification will trigger the transfer of the corresponding OBA grant to JSC-H & B.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to the project, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned as infrastructure for verification of data", + "the term is used in the context of system checks and sample verification rather than direct data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' explicitly stands for a 'management information system,' which suggests it is primarily an infrastructure or platform used to store, manage, and verify data rather than being a standalone dataset itself. The surrounding context confirms that the MIS functions in the role of a system rather than a direct source of data for analysis. The model may have concluded that MIS was a dataset because it follows the mention of data verification and records; however, it does not actually perform data counting or analysis in the same way a dataset would entail. Instead, it serves as a mechanism to manage and access the records necessary for data evaluation. The confusion likely stems from the model treating 'MIS' as a repository of records, an understandable interpretation given its relevance to data handling, but it does not reflect a dataset accurately here, since the term describes a systemic function rather than raw data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "MIS is not a dataset in this context because it refers to a management information system rather than a specific collection of data used directly for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 24, + "text": "The World Bank project has been focusing on capacity building, trainings and operational manuals. The envisaged OBA pilot intends to build on this initiative. Complementary technical assistance activities, such as assistance in developing a MIS, evaluating fee collection mechanisms and conducting awareness raising workshops and education campaigns will be undertaken to increase the chances of success. A key component of this assistance will include the development of a MIS to track performance across municipalities, thereby providing data to enable better management. Proper financial management, including revenue mobilization, planned expenditure and maintenance of financial discipline, is critical to effective delivery of urban services, including SWM. Therefore, the MIS will track OBA Targets and indicators, as well as other data useful to system managers in understanding the nature of continuing areas for improvement. The scope of work and costs of the technical assistance are provided in Annex 11. \uf0b7 Stakeholder buy-in is key to successful project implementation. Several preparatory activities have been carried out to gauge stakeholders \u2019 concerns and ensure their early engagement. Separate focus group meetings were held with both end-users and municipal SWM staff to discuss SWM issues and concerns. Community meetings were held in rural and urban areas within both Hebron and Bethlehem governorates ( five in Hebron and four in Bethlehem ), during which discussions were held and participants were asked to fill out questionnaires. The questionnaires generally covered demographics, waste management services, and waste management fees. Moreover, stakeholder meetings held during project preparation revealed that users \u2019 reluctance to pay stems from dissatisfaction with the current service level, and indicated a higher WTP for satisfactory level of service. Targets for fee increase were estimated taking into account this information. Consultations with key regional SWM management ( JSC-H & B, JSCs ) were also held to understand practical concerns and challenges in implementing the Project. A", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 241, + 244, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The envisaged OBA pilot intends to build on this initiative. Complementary technical assistance activities, such as assistance in developing a MIS, evaluating fee collection mechanisms and conducting awareness raising workshops and education campaigns will be undertaken to increase the chances of success. A key component of this assistance will include the development of a MIS to track performance across municipalities, thereby providing data to enable better management.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project/infrastructure, not as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' refers specifically to a Management Information System, which is fundamentally a system designed to assist in managing data rather than existing as a standalone dataset. The text refers to the development of the MIS as part of a technical assistance program, emphasizing its role in tracking performance and aiding management decisions. This indicates that the MIS is not merely a summarized collection of data but rather a structured tool structured to handle and facilitate data management. The confusion for a model could arise from the proximity of the term 'MIS' to phrases that might suggest it functions as a data source ('providing data to enable better management'), which could lead to the interpretation that it holds dataset characteristics. However, the context makes clear that it functions primarily as an infrastructure supporting data management rather than as a concrete set of data that could be analyzed independently. Additionally, while 'MIS' might be capitalized and treated as a proper name, that does not imply it is a dataset in the traditional sense.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not a dataset; it is a management information system designed to manage and facilitate data, hence functioning as infrastructure rather than a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 24, + "text": "The World Bank project has been focusing on capacity building, trainings and operational manuals. The envisaged OBA pilot intends to build on this initiative. Complementary technical assistance activities, such as assistance in developing a MIS, evaluating fee collection mechanisms and conducting awareness raising workshops and education campaigns will be undertaken to increase the chances of success. A key component of this assistance will include the development of a MIS to track performance across municipalities, thereby providing data to enable better management. Proper financial management, including revenue mobilization, planned expenditure and maintenance of financial discipline, is critical to effective delivery of urban services, including SWM. Therefore, the MIS will track OBA Targets and indicators, as well as other data useful to system managers in understanding the nature of continuing areas for improvement. The scope of work and costs of the technical assistance are provided in Annex 11. \uf0b7 Stakeholder buy-in is key to successful project implementation. Several preparatory activities have been carried out to gauge stakeholders \u2019 concerns and ensure their early engagement. Separate focus group meetings were held with both end-users and municipal SWM staff to discuss SWM issues and concerns. Community meetings were held in rural and urban areas within both Hebron and Bethlehem governorates ( five in Hebron and four in Bethlehem ), during which discussions were held and participants were asked to fill out questionnaires. The questionnaires generally covered demographics, waste management services, and waste management fees. Moreover, stakeholder meetings held during project preparation revealed that users \u2019 reluctance to pay stems from dissatisfaction with the current service level, and indicated a higher WTP for satisfactory level of service. Targets for fee increase were estimated taking into account this information. Consultations with key regional SWM management ( JSC-H & B, JSCs ) were also held to understand practical concerns and challenges in implementing the Project. A", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 779, + 782, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Proper financial management, including revenue mobilization, planned expenditure and maintenance of financial discipline, is critical to effective delivery of urban services, including SWM. Therefore, the MIS will track OBA Targets and indicators, as well as other data useful to system managers in understanding the nature of continuing areas for improvement. The scope of work and costs of the technical assistance are provided in Annex 11.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that tracks targets and indicators", + "mentioned as a tool for understanding areas for improvement", + "not referenced as containing structured records or data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'MIS' in this context, it becomes clear that it refers to a Management Information System rather than a dataset. The term is associated with tracking targets and indicators but does not indicate that it is a collection of data itself. The term 'MIS' is certainly important for managing data, but it functions more as a system or infrastructure that assists with the processing or organization of data rather than providing raw data for analysis. The confusion could stem from the fact that the text discusses the MIS in a manner that might suggest it contains or generates data, particularly through phrases like 'track OBA Targets and indicators.' However, the way it is framed does not assert that it serves as a distinct dataset but rather as a system that enables the use of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is not a dataset but a Management Information System; it serves as a tool to assist in managing and understanding data rather than being a structured collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 52, + "text": "53 project \u2019 s transactions. The accounting system is capable to generate the quarterly Interim Financial Reports ( IFRs ). The Interim Financial Reports ( IFRs ) will include: 1. Statements of sources and uses of funds for the period and cumulative from Project inception ( year to date ), 2. Statement of Designated OBA Account reconciliation, 3. Budget Vs actual along with explanations of significant variances between budgeted and actual amounts. 4. Consolidated semiannual subsidy projections as submitted by the participating M / VCs and the projected semiannual allocations, 4. Semiannual actual output report containing number of beneficiary users documented by the IVA report. 5. Narrative progress report linking financial information with physical progress, and highlighting issues that require attention. IFRs will be will be submitted to the World Bank and IFC within 45 days from the end of each calendar semester. Internal Control and Internal Audit: The financial control provided by the MOF to all line Ministries does not cover the Local Government Units such as the JSC-H & B. Thus an Internal Auditor \u201c consultant \u201d was hired to perform the required internal control / audit function for SWSWMP. The Internal Auditor is based at the JSC-H & B and report to the Chairman & Council Members of the JSC-H & B and to the MOF.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 675, + 685, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Consolidated semiannual subsidy projections as submitted by the participating M / VCs and the projected semiannual allocations, 4. Semiannual actual output report containing number of beneficiary users documented by the IVA report. 5.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The IVA report is a narrative document that summarizes findings and does not represent a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a report, not as a data source", + "follows a numerical reference to actual outputs, which implies it summarizes data rather than contains structured data", + "the context indicates it is a narrative document" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'IVA report' is identified as a report summarizing findings rather than a structured dataset. The language used in the context suggests that the report contains summary information about beneficiary users, pointing towards a narrative format rather than actual data records. Phrases leading to this conclusion include 'semiannual actual output report containing number of beneficiary users documented by the IVA report,' indicating that the IVA report is not presenting raw or structured data directly, but rather discussing findings from potentially other data sources. Given that it follows a list of specific outputs and statistics, there might be confusion for models interpreting similar formats where reports and datasets can sometimes be interchanged in nomenclature, especially when 'data' is discussed. Ultimately, the IVA report serves as a narrative document, not as a primary dataset for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The IVA report is a narrative document summarizing findings and does not function as a structured dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "144_84657-PAD-P132268-Project-Commitment-Paper", + "page": 63, + "text": "64 Table 12 Indicator 2: Improvement in Cleanliness of Areas Indicator and Sub - indicators Characteristics to be evaluated Weight: Year 1 Weight: Years 2 - 4 Targets ( IVA guide / checks ) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 End 2013 Mid 2014 Mid 2014 Mid 2015 Mid 2015 Mid 2016 Mid 2016 Mid 2017 Overall cleanliness of streets Four areas randomly selected ( 2 in each governorate ); CI evaluated for 8 randomly selected streets in each area. The CI will be calibrated based on the results of the baseline study. 15 % 20 % TBD through study \u2013 \u2013 CI of 40 CI of 40 CI of 45 CI of 50 CI of 55 CI of 60 Condition of bins Overall quality of bins ( wheels, shell condition, color, wear and tear, etc. ) Monitored, but not evaluated for the Technical Scorecard Total 15 % 20 % \u2013 Table 13 Indicator 3: Increase in Total Waste Managed Indicator Characteristics to be evaluated Weight: Year 1 Weight: Years 2 - 4 Targets ( IVA guide / checks ) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 End 2013 Mid 2014 Mid 2014 Mid 2015 Mid 2015 Mid 2016 Mid 2016 Mid 2017 Total waste managed ( collection and disposal, diversion for recycling and / or composting ) MIS database for tonnage collected; tonnage diverted, and records from the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1120, + 1132, + "named" + ], + [ + 222, + 226, + "MIS database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 362, + 373, + "MIS database <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "15 % 20 % TBD through study \u2013 \u2013 CI of 40 CI of 40 CI of 45 CI of 50 CI of 55 CI of 60 Condition of bins Overall quality of bins ( wheels, shell condition, color, wear and tear, etc. ) Monitored, but not evaluated for the Technical Scorecard Total 15 % 20 % \u2013 Table 13 Indicator 3: Increase in Total Waste Managed Indicator Characteristics to be evaluated Weight: Year 1 Weight: Years 2 - 4 Targets ( IVA guide / checks ) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 End 2013 Mid 2014 Mid 2014 Mid 2015 Mid 2015 Mid 2016 Mid 2016 Mid 2017 Total waste managed ( collection and disposal, diversion for recycling and / or composting ) MIS database for tonnage collected; tonnage diverted, and records from the", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS database' refers to a structured collection of data related to waste management, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a collection of data but primarily indicates a system", + "described as an 'MIS database' indicating it contains records but is not the dataset itself", + "follows a description of waste management metrics without clearly implying that it is an independent dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'MIS database', I considered that while it follows a description of metrics related to waste management and appears to contain structured data, it is referred to in a way that highlights its function as a management information system. The term 'MIS database' implies that it is a tool or infrastructure for managing data rather than being treated as a standalone dataset. The context suggesting it stores various records also indicates it is part of a larger system rather than an independent dataset. A model might have confused it due to the presence of quantitative data references in proximity and the use of structured terminology, which are other characteristics often associated with datasets, but contextually here, it serves more as a descriptor of the system managing the data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS database' is treated as part of a management system that collects and organizes data rather than an independent dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 47, + "text": "upgrade the TOMPRO accounting software with multi-donor, multi-currency and multi-site features to ensure production of quarterly and annual financial statements; ( iv ) within four months of effectiveness, NBA and HCDNV will each recruit an external auditor based on terms of reference acceptable to the Bank.. The proposed FM arrangements, as summarized in Annex 3, meet the minimum requirements for financial management under OP / BP 10. 02. D. Procurement 93. A capacity assessment of HCDNV rated overall project procurement risk as High. The reason for this includes the risk of corruption in procurement, especially on big contracts. Large contract packages have already been procured under AfDB guidelines, which is similar to the Bank \u2019 s guidelines ( \u201c Guidelines: Procurement under IBRD Loans and IDA Credits \u201d published by the Bank in May 2004 and revised in October, 2006 \u2019 \u2019 and \u201c Guidelines: Selection and Employment of Consultants by World Bank Borrowers \u201d published in May 2004 and revised in", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 12, + 18, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "upgrade the TOMPRO accounting software with multi-donor, multi-currency and multi-site features to ensure production of quarterly and annual financial statements; ( iv ) within four months of effectiveness, NBA and HCDNV will each recruit an external auditor based on terms of reference acceptable to the Bank. .", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "TOMPRO refers to accounting software, which is a tool, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as accounting software", + "described as a tool rather than a data source", + "no indication of structured data being used" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the examined text, 'TOMPRO' is explicitly described as accounting software. This strongly indicates that it is a tool designed to manage financial operations rather than a dataset per se. There are no phrases or contextual cues suggesting that it serves as a source of structured data for analysis; rather, it serves as an infrastructure to facilitate accounting tasks. Although the extraction model may have identified 'TOMPRO' as a potential dataset due to its capitalized formatting and its connection to financial reporting, the context clarifies that it is a software system and does not contain raw data independently. The absence of references to 'using data from TOMPRO' or similar language further reinforces its categorization as a software tool rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "TOMPRO is not treated as a dataset in this context because it clearly refers to accounting software, which functions as a tool for managing financial data rather than a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 136, + "text": "123 Figure 14: Left panel graphs: Precipitation and temperature projections for the 21st century, for driest, average and wettest GCMs. Right panel: Quartiles ( 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % ) of rainfall and temperature projections ( source: NRB-CRA study ) Climate wizard 15. The climate wizard website48 displays the potential future changes in temperature and precipitation ( not shown ) as predicted for each country in the world by an ensemble of 16 GCMs for the medium A1B and other SRES49 climate change scenarios. The changes in precipitation projected by the ensemble-20 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater decrease in precipitation ) and ensemble-80 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater increase in precipitation ) are also shown. Results are summarized in Table 24 and results from the Climate Portal ( see below ) and the NRB-CRA are also included in Table 24. 48 University of Washington and the Nature Conservancy ( 2009 ); Data source: Global Climate Model ( GCM ) output, from the World Climate Research Program ' s ( WCRP ) Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 3 ( CMIP3 ) multi-model dataset ( Meehl et al., 2007 ), were downscaled ( as per Maurer et al., 2009 ), using the bias - correction / spatial downscaling method of Wood et al. (", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 821, + 835, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The changes in precipitation projected by the ensemble-20 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater decrease in precipitation ) and ensemble-80 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater increase in precipitation ) are also shown. Results are summarized in Table 24 and results from the Climate Portal ( see below ) and the NRB-CRA are also included in Table 24. 48 University of Washington and the Nature Conservancy ( 2009 ); Data source: Global Climate Model ( GCM ) output, from the World Climate Research Program ' s ( WCRP ) Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 3 ( CMIP3 ) multi-model dataset ( Meehl et al.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The Climate Portal refers to a website or platform rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in context of a platform or project", + "results summarized in a table, not specifying data use", + "compared with other recognized datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Climate Portal' is likely referring to a platform or a project rather than a standalone dataset. It appears in a sentence that summarizes results including this portal and others, which suggests that it functions more like a reporting tool or a data repository rather than a concrete dataset itself. It is not described in terms of containing records or structured data but rather as part of the results presentation. The confusion may arise because it is mentioned alongside other terms that sound more like solid data sources (like 'Global Climate Model output'), yet it lacks the explicit indication that it serves as a primary data source. It also appears to serve a broader project or platform function, which leads to the conclusion that it should not be labeled as a dataset. Therefore, the distinction here is drawn from the context that aligns it more closely with an infrastructure or tool rather than as an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Climate Portal' is not considered a dataset in this context, as it is more indicative of a platform or project rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 136, + "text": "123 Figure 14: Left panel graphs: Precipitation and temperature projections for the 21st century, for driest, average and wettest GCMs. Right panel: Quartiles ( 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % ) of rainfall and temperature projections ( source: NRB-CRA study ) Climate wizard 15. The climate wizard website48 displays the potential future changes in temperature and precipitation ( not shown ) as predicted for each country in the world by an ensemble of 16 GCMs for the medium A1B and other SRES49 climate change scenarios. The changes in precipitation projected by the ensemble-20 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater decrease in precipitation ) and ensemble-80 % ( 20 % of the climate models projected a greater increase in precipitation ) are also shown. Results are summarized in Table 24 and results from the Climate Portal ( see below ) and the NRB-CRA are also included in Table 24. 48 University of Washington and the Nature Conservancy ( 2009 ); Data source: Global Climate Model ( GCM ) output, from the World Climate Research Program ' s ( WCRP ) Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 3 ( CMIP3 ) multi-model dataset ( Meehl et al., 2007 ), were downscaled ( as per Maurer et al., 2009 ), using the bias - correction / spatial downscaling method of Wood et al. (", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 975, + 995, + "named" + ], + [ + 954, + 958, + "Global Climate Model <> publication year" + ], + [ + 998, + 1001, + "Global Climate Model <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1021, + 1051, + "Global Climate Model <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1144, + 1156, + "Global Climate Model <> author" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1162, + "Global Climate Model <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1191, + 1204, + "Global Climate Model <> author" + ], + [ + 1206, + 1210, + "Global Climate Model <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Results are summarized in Table 24 and results from the Climate Portal ( see below ) and the NRB-CRA are also included in Table 24. 48 University of Washington and the Nature Conservancy ( 2009 ); Data source: Global Climate Model ( GCM ) output, from the World Climate Research Program ' s ( WCRP ) Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 3 ( CMIP3 ) multi-model dataset ( Meehl et al. , 2007 ), were downscaled ( as per Maurer et al.", + "type": "model output dataset", + "explanation": "The term refers to the output data generated by Global Climate Models, which is a structured collection of data used for climate research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data source:'", + "described as output from Global Climate Models", + "refers to structured collection of data for climate research", + "multi-model dataset context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Climate Model' refers to the output data generated from a specific type of climate model, which is indeed a structured collection of data used for climate analysis. The text marks it as a data source, which lends credibility to it being treated as a dataset. The phrase 'GCM output' indicates that it\u2019s discussing data produced from Global Climate Models specifically. This is not merely a project name or system but relates directly to the results that can be analyzed, suggesting that there\u2019s a tangible dataset behind this term. However, the mention of models and projects may cause confusion, leading an extraction model to consider whether it refers to a methodology or a database of findings rather than direct structured data. Nevertheless, in this case, the clear indication of it being output from a climate model supports classifying it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Global Climate Model' is rightly identified as a dataset, as it pertains to a structured data collection derived from climate model outputs that are utilized in climate research." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 144, + "text": "131 27. For the Upper Nile Basin, including Lake Victoria, SNC Lavalin60 ( 2007 ) provides an assessment of the potential impacts on hydro-electric generation in the region that could result from climate change. The WatBal model, developed for a \u00bd degree by \u00bd degree grid of Africa, was used to calculate potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, runoff and relative soil moisture, and test runoff sensitivity to climate change. The model was calibrated at the \u00bd degree level against the GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database. The A1B and A1F1 emission scenarios were used for assessing climate and corresponding runoff changes, representing a relatively high economic growth worldwide and a relatively low growth in population. The output of 7 GCM models, which best simulated the climate of East Africa, were used to project changes in temperature and precipitation for 2050 and 2100 relative to 2000. The Kyoga region is located North of Lake Victoria in Uganda, the Tanganyika region represents the Kagera river Basin in Rwanda, Burundi and West Tanzania, and the Nyasa region represents southern Tanzania. Overall, the GCM models used for the SSEA study predicted for 2050 a temperature increase of 1. 70C and an increase in precipitation of 4-14 % for the A1B scenario. 28.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 503, + 540, + "named" + ], + [ + 16, + 32, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 44, + 57, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 75, + 79, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 913, + 917, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> reference year" + ], + [ + 923, + 935, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 985, + 1002, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1018, + 1036, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1048, + 1055, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1310, + 1328, + "GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The WatBal model, developed for a \u00bd degree by \u00bd degree grid of Africa, was used to calculate potential evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration, runoff and relative soil moisture, and test runoff sensitivity to climate change. The model was calibrated at the \u00bd degree level against the GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database. The A1B and A1F1 emission scenarios were used for assessing climate and corresponding runoff changes, representing a relatively high economic growth worldwide and a relatively low growth in population.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to runoff and hydrology.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'calibrated against'", + "described as a Database", + "specifically referred to in the context of data used for calibration" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database' is specific and highlighted as a database that is utilized for calibration purposes within the WatBal model. The phrase 'calibrated at the \u00bd degree level against the GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database' clearly indicates that this term refers to a concrete data source that provides structured records relevant to the analysis. It does not exhibit features of a project or a system since it is not framed in an operational or infrastructural manner. Rather, it serves as a definitive source of information that researchers rely on for their evaluations. The model might have initially considered the term as ambiguous (i.e., possibly a platform type) due to the use of 'Database,' which could mislead one to think in terms of a collection of functions rather than a dataset in a research context. However, its strong association with empirical measurement and calibration nudges it firmly into the dataset category.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'GRDC11 Global Gridded Runoff Database' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly used for calibration, indicating it serves as a direct source of structured data necessary for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 145, + "text": "However, this decrease is partially compensated by a projected 3 % additional runoff due to increased rainfall, yielding a net decrease in mean runoff of about 5 %. There is a 70 % probability that the long-term basin runoff will decline in the 21st century, with only a 25 % probability of a decline of more than 10 %. Most of the analyzed model runs ( 90 % ) project runoff changes between - 17 % and + 5 %, with an average projected decline of 4. 5 %. It should be noted that these projections are valid for the entire Niger Basin, while it is seen from projections in the Climate Portal and Climate wizard that the Upper Niger Basin could suffer marginally higher reductions in precipitation and runoff than the overall Niger Basin. 61 Arora, V. K., 2002: The use of the aridity index to assess climate change effect on annual runoff, Journal of Hydrology, 265, p. 164 \u2013 177.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 576, + 590, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 %. It should be noted that these projections are valid for the entire Niger Basin, while it is seen from projections in the Climate Portal and Climate wizard that the Upper Niger Basin could suffer marginally higher reductions in precipitation and runoff than the overall Niger Basin. 61 Arora, V.", + "type": "portal", + "explanation": "The term 'Climate Portal' refers to a platform or tool for accessing climate-related information, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside projections as a tool for accessing climate-related information", + "not presented as a source of structured data", + "refers to a platform rather than a dataset directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Climate Portal' is mentioned as a reference point for broader projections rather than as an independent source of raw data itself. The way it is used suggests that it serves as an access point or system for climate information rather than a concrete dataset that contains specific records or indicators. The confusion might arise from mentioning it in the context of projections, which could lead a model to interpret it as a data source. However, the preceding and following text emphasizes its role as a resource or tool rather than a standalone dataset. In many cases, systems or platforms may contain datasets, but they often don\u2019t fulfill the role of being a dataset unless explicitly stated as such. Here, it was not characterized as storing or presenting structured data, which allows me to classify it as not being a dataset in this particular context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Climate Portal' is not treated as a dataset because it functions more as an access platform for climate data rather than housing structured records itself." + }, + { + "filename": "145_689710PAD0P1300Official0Use0Only090", + "page": 145, + "text": "However, this decrease is partially compensated by a projected 3 % additional runoff due to increased rainfall, yielding a net decrease in mean runoff of about 5 %. There is a 70 % probability that the long-term basin runoff will decline in the 21st century, with only a 25 % probability of a decline of more than 10 %. Most of the analyzed model runs ( 90 % ) project runoff changes between - 17 % and + 5 %, with an average projected decline of 4. 5 %. It should be noted that these projections are valid for the entire Niger Basin, while it is seen from projections in the Climate Portal and Climate wizard that the Upper Niger Basin could suffer marginally higher reductions in precipitation and runoff than the overall Niger Basin. 61 Arora, V. K., 2002: The use of the aridity index to assess climate change effect on annual runoff, Journal of Hydrology, 265, p. 164 \u2013 177.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 595, + 609, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "5 %. It should be noted that these projections are valid for the entire Niger Basin, while it is seen from projections in the Climate Portal and Climate wizard that the Upper Niger Basin could suffer marginally higher reductions in precipitation and runoff than the overall Niger Basin. 61 Arora, V.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "Climate wizard refers to a tool or application used for climate analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for climate analysis", + "mentioned in the same sentence as projections rather than as a data source", + "suggests broader functionalities rather than being a singular dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Climate wizard' is used in reference to climate projections and analysis rather than as a standalone dataset. It appears to function as a tool that provides climate-related insights. The phrase 'seen from projections in the Climate Portal and Climate wizard' indicates that it is part of a larger analytical context rather than a concrete structured dataset. This suggests that 'Climate wizard' serves as an application or platform offering analytical capabilities, thereby muddying the waters for models that might interpret it as a data source due to the surrounding text. Since it is not explicitly treated as a data source in the same manner as traditional datasets, the line is drawn here: while it contains data, it is primarily an analysis tool, not a dataset in itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'Climate wizard' is not a dataset in this context because it functions as a tool for analysis rather than a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "146_537660PAD0ARAB0PAD000Arabic00final0", + "page": 97, + "text": "98 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u064b \u0639\u0634\u0631: \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 Chandler, Rudolph. ( 2009 ), Yemen Immunization Tracking Study. Health Management Associates. ( 2007 ) Midwifery Licensure and Discipline Program in Washington State-Economic Costs and Benefits. Thuriau, M. C. ( 1971 ), Notes on the Epidemiology of Malaria in the Yemen Republic, Ann. Soc. Belg. Med. Trop., 51 ( 2 ), 229-238. Suleman, M. ( 1999 ), Entomological Situation Related to Epidemiology of Malaria in Yemen. Assignment Report, 17 February - 15March, Who / EMRO. Ministry of Public Health and Population in Yemen. Public Health Expenditure Review, 2004-2007. Ministry of Public Health and Population in Yemen. PAPFAM Summary Report of the Yemen Family Health Survey 2003. The World Bank. ( 2007 ), Yemen Poverty Assessment vol. II: Annexes. The World Bank. ( 2009 ), Yemen Health Sector Review: Conceptual Framework and Strategy Options The World Bank ( 2009 ), Health Financing Modalities in Yemen.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 683, + 709, + "named" + ], + [ + 64, + 69, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 299, + 313, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 362, + 373, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 654, + 660, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 683, + 688, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 710, + 714, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 720, + 730, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 742, + 747, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 789, + 799, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 885, + 895, + "Yemen Family Health Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Ministry of Public Health and Population in Yemen. PAPFAM Summary Report of the Yemen Family Health Survey 2003. The World Bank.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Yemen Family Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to family health in Yemen.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "published by a recognized authority (Ministry of Public Health and Population)", + "specific year of the survey mentioned (2003)", + "implies a structured collection of data for research" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'Yemen Family Health Survey' is treated as a dataset because it refers to an actual survey conducted to gather data on family health across Yemen. The reference to it being a summary report supports the idea that this survey has collected structured information that can be analyzed. The model might have been confused if it interpreted the phrase without the context of 'survey', potentially seeing it as merely a project title without acknowledging its data-centric nature. However, the word 'survey' typically signals a formal data collection, which is a strong indicator of it being a dataset here. The mention of a recognized authority (the Ministry of Public Health and Population) additionally reinforces its legitimacy as a dataset due to the domain knowledge and data collection standards typically upheld by such organizations. Therefore, the characterization of this term as 'dataset' is justified in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Yemen Family Health Survey' is a dataset here as it refers to a structured survey conducted to collect data on family health in Yemen, supported by the context of an official report and its nature as a health survey." + }, + { + "filename": "148_492780PAD0P111101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 35, + "text": "One could argue that all Palestinian students are currently experiencing a diversity of needs, educational and / or psychosocial, and that these should be recognized and catered for. This requires a change of focus from providing access to providing quality education relevant to the diverse needs of all students \u2013 a paradigm shift from a special education and disability focus to inclusive education. The limited ability of the school system to provide psychosocial counseling and other services for affected children, and especially for students with special needs, has become evident. Although the EDSP calls for disability disaggregated monitoring of results, the EMIS and the M & E system are currently not capable of producing reliable data and indicators for evidence-based decision-making related to disabled learners. 118. The EDSP reports an alarming decline in pre-school education. Poor and special needs children stand to benefit most of preschool programs. In regular classrooms the current academic and overloaded school curriculum presents disproportionate challenges to learners with special needs. Meeting the needs of conflict-affected children, as well as the needs of their teachers and parents, deserves special attention especially in Gaza but also in the West Bank. Providing access and improving support services for students with special educational needs is among the key challenges of the EDSP. Supervision 119. Current Situation. Supervision is the essential link between the school and the planner.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 669, + 673, + "named" + ], + [ + 540, + 567, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 809, + 826, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The limited ability of the school system to provide psychosocial counseling and other services for affected children, and especially for students with special needs, has become evident. Although the EDSP calls for disability disaggregated monitoring of results, the EMIS and the M & E system are currently not capable of producing reliable data and indicators for evidence-based decision-making related to disabled learners. 118.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a system that collects and manages educational data, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and decision-making.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system", + "mentioned in a capacity of not providing reliable data", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referenced as an Educational Management Information System, which implies that it is an infrastructure or tool designed to store and manage educational data rather than a dataset itself. The text points out the limitations of the EMIS in producing reliable data and indicators, which suggests it is being treated as a system with data-capturing functionalities rather than a direct source of structured data for analysis. The use of 'and the M & E system' further indicates that 'EMIS' is categorized among systems rather than datasets. The model might have initially extracted this as a dataset due to its capitalized form, suggesting a proper noun, and its place following phrases that might indicate data use; however, it lacks explicit indication of being used as a dataset for analysis in this context. Therefore, my conclusion is that while it operates around data, it doesn\u2019t function as a standalone dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, EMIS does not qualify as a dataset because it is described as an educational management system with limitations in producing reliable data, rather than being identified as a source of dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "148_492780PAD0P111101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 35, + "text": "One could argue that all Palestinian students are currently experiencing a diversity of needs, educational and / or psychosocial, and that these should be recognized and catered for. This requires a change of focus from providing access to providing quality education relevant to the diverse needs of all students \u2013 a paradigm shift from a special education and disability focus to inclusive education. The limited ability of the school system to provide psychosocial counseling and other services for affected children, and especially for students with special needs, has become evident. Although the EDSP calls for disability disaggregated monitoring of results, the EMIS and the M & E system are currently not capable of producing reliable data and indicators for evidence-based decision-making related to disabled learners. 118. The EDSP reports an alarming decline in pre-school education. Poor and special needs children stand to benefit most of preschool programs. In regular classrooms the current academic and overloaded school curriculum presents disproportionate challenges to learners with special needs. Meeting the needs of conflict-affected children, as well as the needs of their teachers and parents, deserves special attention especially in Gaza but also in the West Bank. Providing access and improving support services for students with special educational needs is among the key challenges of the EDSP. Supervision 119. Current Situation. Supervision is the essential link between the school and the planner.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 682, + 694, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The limited ability of the school system to provide psychosocial counseling and other services for affected children, and especially for students with special needs, has become evident. Although the EDSP calls for disability disaggregated monitoring of results, the EMIS and the M & E system are currently not capable of producing reliable data and indicators for evidence-based decision-making related to disabled learners. 118.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The M & E system refers to a monitoring and evaluation system, which is not a structured collection of data but rather a framework or process.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an M & E system that is not capable of producing reliable data", + "mentioned alongside but distinct from EMIS", + "focused on capabilities rather than data provision" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'M & E system' refers to a monitoring and evaluation framework rather than a dataset. The analysis notes the system's limitations in providing reliable data, which indicates that the M & E system is more of a process or architecture used for monitoring rather than a structured dataset itself. The phrase 'not capable of producing reliable data' strongly suggests that it is viewed as a tool or system designed to facilitate understanding of outcomes rather than being a primary source of data. There is a common confusion in model extraction when terms resemble datasets due to their systemic naming conventions, particularly when capitalized or used in technical contexts. However, since the text explicitly points out the system\u2019s limitations in data output, it does not meet the criteria for being a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'M & E system' refers to a monitoring and evaluation framework, and is not a dataset since it does not serve as a structured collection of data but rather indicates a process with limitations in data generation." + }, + { + "filename": "148_492780PAD0P111101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 42, + "text": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 475, + 478, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "DSQ refers to a project or program related to data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a project in collaboration with various entities", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'DSQ' is indicated to be involved in a collaborative effort with various entities such as the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE), EAC, and NIET. It appears as part of a narrative discussing arrangements for monitoring and reporting on educational outcomes, suggesting that it functions more as a program or project framework rather than as a standalone structured dataset. The context surrounding the mention of 'DSQ' focuses on its role in data collection and monitoring, rather than presenting a concrete source of organized data that could be analyzed, which is critical for categorizing something as a dataset. Furthermore, potential confusion for the model may arise from the way 'DSQ' is presented alongside various indicators, leading it to seem like a dataset when, in reality, it is better understood as a project name or information system guiding the data collection process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'DSQ' is better seen as a project focused on data collection and monitoring rather than a concrete dataset, as it serves more as a collaborative framework than a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "148_492780PAD0P111101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 42, + "text": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 727, + 730, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "DSQ refers to a program or initiative related to data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "collaboration reference indicates it supports data-related activities but does not store data itself", + "not enumerated with known datasets, but rather a program aiding the collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DSQ' is referenced alongside a monitoring project that seems to oversee data collection and reporting processes rather than representing a discrete data collection itself. The phrases like 'in collaboration with DSQ' suggest that DSQ is an entity facilitating or managing aspects of the data collection rather than providing a concrete dataset. This kind of terminology may confuse models, as 'DSQ' is capitalized and appears frequently in conjunction with data collection responsibilities, which could lead to misinterpretation as a dataset. However, the absence of explicit references showing that it consists of structured data indicates that 'DSQ' functions more as a program or initiative rather than a primary source of data records. Overall, it operates as a support structure rather than a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'DSQ' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a project or initiative that facilitates data collection and reporting. It's involved in broader data management activities and does not represent a structured data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "148_492780PAD0P111101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 42, + "text": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 794, + 797, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "35 Arrangements for Results Monitoring Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection Percent of class teachers graduating from teacher education and licensing programs in participating HE institutions scoring above 70 % in readiness to teach instrument N / A 20 % 35 % 50 % 70 % Annual Readiness to teach assessment tools MOEHE through DSQ in collaboration with EAC and NIET Intermediate Outcome Indicators School-based-practice component Percent of class teachers in participating schools engaged in mentoring student teachers None 15 % 22 % 30 % 33 % 33 % Annual School supervisors and DSQ project team visiting schools M & E unit in collaboration with DSQ Upgrading academic and professional teaching qualification of under-qualified class teachers component Ratio of qualified class teachers to the total number of class teachers 39 % 43 % 47 % 52 % 57 % 62 % Annual Supervisors and school principals M & E unit in collaboration with supervisors and NIET", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "DSQ refers to a program or initiative related to data collection and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project, not as a data source", + "described as collaborating on data collection", + "not directly referred to as containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'DSQ' appears as part of a broader description related to the monitoring, collection, and reporting of outcomes as part of an educational initiative. It is mentioned in conjunction with the Ministry of Education (MOEHE) and indicates a collaboration in data collection. The phrasing ('in collaboration with EAC and NIET') also suggests that DSQ operates as a project or program that facilitates monitoring rather than an independent dataset that stores structured records. The language used, without emphasis on data integrity or organized datasets, indicates that DSQ functions more as an entity (project or initiative) rather than a dataset itself. The phraseology could potentially confuse extraction models due to its proximity to discussions of data collection and reporting, leading models to misinterpret it as a dataset. However, it lacks the explicit identification as a data source, missing clear signals that would define it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "DSQ does not function as a standalone dataset in this context but rather as a project involved in data collection and reporting. It is mentioned in a way that highlights its role in collaboration with educational entities, distinguishing it from a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 12, + "text": "According to the International Food Policy Research Institute ( IFPRI ), the crisis resulted in a direct 25 percent increase in the poverty rate from 2006-2010, with poverty now affecting 44 percent of the population, or more than 10 million persons. The Government budget was reduced by more than 50 percent due in part to decreasing oil revenues as supplies have dwindled, limiting its capacity to provide basic services to an already impoverished population. Food insecurity and malnutrition levels in the country have surpassed emergency levels. Yemen is among the 10 countries in the world with the highest rates of food insecurity, with the country ranked third for the highest malnutrition in the world: 58 percent of children under 5 are stunted, and more than 1 in 10 children is acutely malnourished. Based on the World Food Program \u2019 s ( WFP ) recent Comprehensive Food Security Survey ( 2009 ), 7. 5 million persons are caught in the chronic poverty trap. The situation is further compounded by climate change, increasing influx of refugees from the Horn of Africa, high population growth, and low literacy. 3. Fiscal sustainability is the foremost economic issue in Yemen, as government spending is driven by a large public sector wage bill and unsustainably high fuel subsidies.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 862, + 896, + "named" + ], + [ + 550, + 555, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 725, + 741, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 824, + 842, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 849, + 852, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 899, + 903, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1179, + 1184, + "Comprehensive Food Security Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Yemen is among the 10 countries in the world with the highest rates of food insecurity, with the country ranked third for the highest malnutrition in the world: 58 percent of children under 5 are stunted, and more than 1 in 10 children is acutely malnourished. Based on the World Food Program \u2019 s ( WFP ) recent Comprehensive Food Security Survey ( 2009 ), 7. 5 million persons are caught in the chronic poverty trap.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Comprehensive Food Security Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess food security and related issues, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Based on'", + "described as a survey", + "provides structured data on food security" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Comprehensive Food Security Survey' is clearly indicated as a data source that the analysis references for important statistics about food insecurity in Yemen. The phrasing 'Based on the World Food Program\u2019s recent Comprehensive Food Security Survey' directly implies that this survey is being used as the primary source of data for the observations made. The terminology used (i.e., 'survey') suggests it is a structured effort to collect data about a specific issue (food security) rather than merely a project or system that stores data. There is no indication that it functions merely as an infrastructure or tool, so it behaves more like a dataset because it directly informs the analysis presented in the sentence. The confusion might arise if someone overlooked its contextual placement and misinterpreted it as just a project name; however, the usage here clearly aligns with a specific set of structured observations and findings.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Comprehensive Food Security Survey functions as a genuine dataset in this context as it is referenced explicitly as the source of structured data related to food security. It follows a phrase indicating data usage and is described in a manner consistent with data collection efforts." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 14, + "text": "Potential partnerships with Civil Society Organizations ( CSOs ) to develop awareness tools and messages, encourage participation of women and gather community feedback will promote the Fund transparency and increase demand from beneficiaries for improved services. Ongoing communication to inform decision makers, beneficiaries and other stakeholders concerning the SWF reforms and beneficiary recertification is essential. B. Rationale for Bank involvement 12. The World Bank has been a lead donor in supporting Yemen \u2019 s Poverty Reduction Strategy and Social Protection Agenda. In addition to direct support to two key social protection instruments in Yemen ( the Social Fund for Development and the Public Works Project ) for more than ten years, the Bank supported the review of the Yemen Social Protection program and provided technical assistance for the development of the Social Protection Strategy and Action Plan. More recently, the Bank, among other donors, is supporting the development of Yemen \u2019 s Food Security Strategy. \u2019 SWF 2008 Survey: over 1. 6 million households were covered in this survey, 1 million of which are current SWF beneficiary HHs, and 0. 6 million new applicants. 3", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1039, + 1054, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "More recently, the Bank, among other donors, is supporting the development of Yemen \u2019 s Food Security Strategy. \u2019 SWF 2008 Survey: over 1. 6 million households were covered in this survey, 1 million of which are current SWF beneficiary HHs, and 0.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SWF 2008 Survey is a structured collection of data covering households in relation to the Social Welfare Fund, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey", + "provides structured data on households", + "includes specific figures on beneficiaries" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the empirical context provided, 'SWF 2008 Survey' refers to a structured collection of data concerning household coverage by the Social Welfare Fund. The use of the term 'survey' suggests a systematic approach to data collection, which typically categorizes it as a dataset. The context specifies the number of households and beneficiaries, indicating measured data rather than a mere project or system name. Although one might argue that 'SWF 2008 Survey' can also sound like an organizational project aimed at collecting data, the explicit mention of statistical figures resolves this ambiguity by framing it as a data source rather than a tool or system. This aspect is likely what led the extraction model to correctly classify it as a dataset, alongside its descriptive nature and the context it is placed in.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SWF 2008 Survey' functions clearly as a dataset because it indicates a structured data collection effort concerning households, including specific numerical data on beneficiaries." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 37, + "text": "It is expected that, in order to ensure access of all poor households, the SWF will support an open application process, whereby applying and assessing applicants \u2019 eligibility for SWF support would be a continuous process. Eventually, between 7 and 10 million Yemenis may be recorded, making the SWF database the most comprehensive national record of poor and vulnerable individuals available in Yemen. Such a national database can be useful to target and coordinate other programs and benefits across a range of social programs. 11 1. Based on the new law, the SWF is seeking to improve its current beneficiary / applicants inclusion / exclusion error rate and deliver cash transfers only to the poor and vulnerable. Reducing inequalities through cash transfer programs can be done for the lowest cost possible when transfers are targeted properly to the poor and ultra poor. A well-targeted program will have small inclusion errors ( relatively rich people get included as beneficiaries ) and small exclusion errors ( poor people get excluded as beneficiaries ). In 2009 a TA funded by the Bank introduced proxy means tests ( PMT ) as a targeting method and applied it to the 2008 SWF beneficiary and applicant survey. Table 1 shows the composition of the beneficiaries and applicants according to the category of their PMT score.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 297, + 309, + "named" + ], + [ + 261, + 268, + "SWF database <> reference population" + ], + [ + 397, + 402, + "SWF database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 411, + 428, + "SWF database <> data type" + ], + [ + 1069, + 1073, + "SWF database <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1179, + 1183, + "SWF database <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It is expected that, in order to ensure access of all poor households, the SWF will support an open application process, whereby applying and assessing applicants \u2019 eligibility for SWF support would be a continuous process. Eventually, between 7 and 10 million Yemenis may be recorded, making the SWF database the most comprehensive national record of poor and vulnerable individuals available in Yemen. Such a national database can be useful to target and coordinate other programs and benefits across a range of social programs.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The SWF database is a structured collection of data that records information about poor and vulnerable individuals in Yemen, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the most comprehensive national record", + "key for targeting and coordinating programs", + "suggests structured collection of data about individuals" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the term 'SWF database' describes a structured collection of information about poor and vulnerable individuals in Yemen. It is explicitly stated as a national record, indicating that it serves a primary analytical purpose rather than merely being an infrastructure or tool. This suggests that it is indeed functioning as a dataset for research and analysis. The mention of its utility in targeting and coordinating social programs reinforces the idea that it is treated as a reservoir of information suitable for such uses. While aspects of it could hint at infrastructure \u2014 as databases often do \u2014 in this instance, it is framed primarily as a data source with distinct records and a clear purpose. The model might have initially considered it just a system name or project due to its formal naming and the potential ambiguity of the word 'database,' which can refer to both an actual dataset and the systems supporting it. However, the context weighs more toward its designation as a dataset significantly utilized in the domain of social assistance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SWF database' is a dataset in this context because it is explicitly described as the most comprehensive record of vulnerable individuals, suggesting it provides structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 39, + "text": "raising requirements and M & E procedures. The Manual now requires completion ( development of detailed technical annexes and process tools ) and integration into SWF operational processes. The development of a Management Information System ( MIS ) and MIS capacity in program process, beneficiary databases, web-based applications is urgently needed as are national as well as local communications networks between SWF offices to facilitate real-time information and application flows. 117. The 2008 report on Yemen \u2019 s Social Protection Strategy indicated that with appropriate targeting, technology and administrative support, the SWF could become an important institution providing cash support to the poorest ( chronic poor ), as well for channeling additional ( supplemental ) assistance under special circumstances such as compensation for the reduction and / or abolition of subsidies and the sharp rise in the price of food staples. The Bank has also initiated a dialogue on the subsidy reform agenda; it is recognized that SWF \u201c can have a fundamental role in poverty reduction, and for that role to be effective, SWF needs to improve: ( i ) its method of screening ( targeting ); ( ii ) its application pool andprocesses; and ( iii ) its cash delivery mechanism \u201d.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 211, + 240, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Manual now requires completion ( development of detailed technical annexes and process tools ) and integration into SWF operational processes. The development of a Management Information System ( MIS ) and MIS capacity in program process, beneficiary databases, web-based applications is urgently needed as are national as well as local communications networks between SWF offices to facilitate real-time information and application flows. 117.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system for managing information rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing information", + "describes development and capacity needs rather than data use", + "not enumerated alongside datasets", + "not functional as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Management Information System' is presented as a system designed to manage and facilitate information flow rather than as a concrete dataset or collection of data for research purposes. The surrounding text emphasizes the need for systems and processes for operational efficiency, which suggests its role as a tool or infrastructure to support data management rather than containing the data itself. Moreover, it is not characterized as a source of data but rather as an entity that organizes and interacts with data. Such confusion could arise for models because the term may resemble a structure housing data, and it is capitalized, indicating it might be a formal project name or system. However, there is no indication that it is being used directly as a dataset in this context, as it is not referred to in any data-producing capacity or indicated as a source for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' here refers to a framework for managing information flows instead of a dataset, as the context emphasizes its role as a system rather than a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 39, + "text": "SWF can be used to deliver transitional relief for the lower and middle income population at the time of energy subsidies reduction to minimize the impact on the poor and vulnerable, and to gain public support to the subsidy reform. 118. An overall communication strategy is needed to increase SWF program transparency and advocate for the initiated reform. This will become even more acute as beneficiary eligibility parameters change due to new targeting methods and as the GOY begins to deal with subsidy reforms. Potential partnerships with Civil Society Organizations ( CSOs ) to develop awareness tools and messages, encourage participation of women and gather community feedback will promote Fund transparency and increase demand from beneficiaries for improved services. Ongoing communication to inform decision makers, beneficiaries and other stakeholders concerning the SWF reforms and beneficiary recertification is essential. 119. Further coordination and complementarity between social programs is possible through the use of the SWF applicant database, to be further supported by ISP. The database will aim to be the most comprehensive national database of poor and vulnerable individuals available in Yemen. Many countries use such national databases to target and coordinate receipt of benefits across a range of social programs. For example, Colombia \u2019 s national database in conjunction with a proxy means test is used to identify recipients of the cash transfer program and for a national school feeding and day care program.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1043, + 1065, + "named" + ], + [ + 1150, + 1167, + "SWF applicant database <> data type" + ], + [ + 1216, + 1221, + "SWF applicant database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1372, + 1389, + "SWF applicant database <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "119. Further coordination and complementarity between social programs is possible through the use of the SWF applicant database, to be further supported by ISP. The database will aim to be the most comprehensive national database of poor and vulnerable individuals available in Yemen.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The SWF applicant database is a structured collection of data that contains information about poor and vulnerable individuals, making it a dataset used for targeting and coordinating social program benefits.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a comprehensive national database", + "follows \u2018use of the SWF applicant database\u2019", + "aims to store information about poor and vulnerable individuals" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'SWF applicant database' is clearly described as a structured collection of data aimed at keeping records of poor and vulnerable individuals in Yemen. The phrasing \u2018use of the SWF applicant database\u2019 indicates that it is treated as a direct source of information, which supports its identification as a dataset. The reference to it being the 'most comprehensive national database' further solidifies the notion that it serves as a formal database with structured records. There\u2019s little ambiguity here; while some models might confuse it with a project or system due to the term 'database' being used in a broader context at times, the explicit description of its use as a database of individuals points towards it being treated as an actual dataset in this context. Thus, I conclude that it is indeed a dataset due to these clear contextual signals.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'SWF applicant database' qualifies as a dataset because it is described as a structured database intended for information storage and analysis regarding vulnerable individuals, explicitly indicated by the phrase \u2018use of the SWF applicant database\u2019." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 39, + "text": "Chile uses its database to target cash benefits for the main welfare program, cash for the poor elderly, for a school lunch program and for housing assistance. Palestine \u2019 s cash transfer database is used to cross-check with other state and donor-supported programs to ensure proper targeting and distribution of benefits. Yemen has the potential to use the SWF database in a similar fashion, perhaps coordinating with SFD, PWP, school and health interventions. 120. Finally, considering that children are most at risk, and enrollment are low and dropout rates are high, over the medium run the SWF \u2019 s cash transfer program is a good candidate for the introduction of a conditional cash transfer program. Assistance can be tied to children \u2019 s schooling and healthhmmunizations, as is now being implemented in a number of countries around the world including Mexico, Pakistan, Turkey and Bangladesh. 28", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 358, + 370, + "named" + ], + [ + 174, + 196, + "SWF database <> data type" + ], + [ + 323, + 328, + "SWF database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 493, + 501, + "SWF database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Palestine \u2019 s cash transfer database is used to cross-check with other state and donor-supported programs to ensure proper targeting and distribution of benefits. Yemen has the potential to use the SWF database in a similar fashion, perhaps coordinating with SFD, PWP, school and health interventions. 120.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The SWF database is a structured collection of data used for targeting cash transfer programs and coordinating benefits.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of cash transfer programs", + "functions as a database for data coordination", + "used in a manner that suggests it serves as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'SWF database' is presented as part of a discussion about cash transfer programs and seems to serve the purpose of coordinating data across various programs. This suggests it has structured records that could be directly useful for analysis and decision-making. However, it's pivotal to note that the term 'database' implies organizational infrastructure rather than merely the raw data. The reference to how it interacts with other programs (e.g., state and donor-supported programs) indicates that it is indeed being treated as a significant data source for informing policy and operations, thus leaning towards the characterization of it as a dataset rather than just a system. The previous judgment likely regarded it as a dataset because it\u2019s described in a way that shows it contains actionable insights for cash transfers, despite it potentially being part of a larger system or project infrastructure.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SWF database' is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly used in the context of coordinating cash transfer programs and is implied to have structured records that serve as a data source for decision-making." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 43, + "text": "Number of cases that undergo a recertification process using the PMT method 2. Preparation of a targeting policy paper 3. Endorsement of the poverty-based targeting policy by the SWF Board 4. Number of new applications 5. Percentage of new applications processed and decided on 6. Percentage of appeals received and responded to per year 7. Percentage of beneficiaries who collect their quarterly payments on time 8. Average number of contacts with beneficiary households per year 9. M & E system in place 10. Percentage of administrative cost compared to overall program cost 1 1. All departments of the SWF have access to MIS and use it for reporting purposes Use of Results Monitoring Demonstrating that SWF resources are targeted to poorer households Verifying the communication of SWF cas transfer program reaches poorer households Measuring the impact of BDP Measuring responsiveness the BDP. Use of Results Monitoring Monitor whether cash transfers are better targeted and administrative processes have been improved 32", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 624, + 627, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Percentage of administrative cost compared to overall program cost 1 1. All departments of the SWF have access to MIS and use it for reporting purposes Use of Results Monitoring Demonstrating that SWF resources are targeted to poorer households Verifying the communication of SWF cas transfer program reaches poorer households Measuring the impact of BDP Measuring responsiveness the BDP. Use of Results Monitoring Monitor whether cash transfers are better targeted and administrative processes have been improved 32", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a tool or system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of access and reporting", + "described as a Management Information System", + "not explicitly defined as containing concrete data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS' clearly indicates a Management Information System rather than a dataset itself. The surrounding phrases work to describe its role\u2014highlighting access and usage for reporting purposes\u2014but do not present it as a source of structured data or records. This suggests that it serves as a tool for managing data rather than as a standalone dataset. The model might have been misled due to 'MIS' being capitalized and appearing in a sentence that discusses its functions, leading it to appear as though it might represent a concrete data source. However, the definition provided and its functionality point away from it being classified as a dataset. Hence, it aligns more with infrastructure rather than a dataset capable of being analyzed independently.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'MIS' should not be considered a dataset because it refers to a Management Information System, described as a tool for access and reporting rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 64, + "text": "B. Risk Assessment Mitigating Measures ( MM ) Risk Before MM Issue I Risk Country Financial Management Risks Risk After MM 171. As reported and outlined in the Country Assistance Strategy ( CAS ) of 2009, poor governance remains a critical issue for Yemen. The Country Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability report ( PEFA, 2008 ) indicated that there had been some progress in the fiscal area, particularly in terms of budget expenditure classification and consolidation of investment. However, a lack of progress was observed in achieving budget comprehensiveness and implementing a broader fiscal framework based on a multi-year expenditure framework. Efforts to move forward in reforming budget comprehensiveness, implementation, and cash management, accounting and reporting have been pinned on the design and implementation of the Accounting & Financial Management Information System ( AFMIS ) project, which is experiencing significant delays. These factors, as well as the poor quality of education and training in accounting, have contributed to the generally observed insufficiencies of the financial reporting and auditing systems in the country. The above Country Risks result in having higher potential exposure to corruption, which is mitigated through the Project ' s design. Staffing Current FM department may not have required capacity. 172. perform quarterly reviews of the Project ' s IFRs and annual audits of the Project ' s Financial Statements.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 845, + 897, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, a lack of progress was observed in achieving budget comprehensiveness and implementing a broader fiscal framework based on a multi-year expenditure framework. Efforts to move forward in reforming budget comprehensiveness, implementation, and cash management, accounting and reporting have been pinned on the design and implementation of the Accounting & Financial Management Information System ( AFMIS ) project, which is experiencing significant delays. These factors, as well as the poor quality of education and training in accounting, have contributed to the generally observed insufficiencies of the financial reporting and auditing systems in the country.", + "type": "project", + "explanation": "The Accounting & Financial Management Information System refers to a project aimed at improving financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project", + "described as an Information System", + "not referenced as a data source", + "focused on design and implementation delays" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Accounting & Financial Management Information System' is clearly identified as a project focused on the design and implementation of a financial management system rather than representing a structured dataset. The surrounding text emphasizes the challenges and delays in the implementation of this information system, hinting that it functions more as an initiative or framework for managing financial information rather than merely a collection of data itself. Furthermore, while the term is capitalized and formatted as if it were a proper name, the lack of phrases indicating it as a data source (such as 'uses data from') reinforces the understanding that it does not serve as a concrete dataset in this context. The extraction model might have been confused here because IT systems can often include or generate datasets, and the capitalized, formal name gives an impression of authority or structure that models may misinterpret as a dataset. However, the clear indication that this is a project aimed at improving systems and not a direct repository of data clarifies its role.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a project focused on implementing a financial management system rather than a structured dataset, which is why it isn't classified as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 84, + "text": "233. In a series of micro-simulations on existing SWF beneficiary and survey data from 2008, the PMT targeting accuracy in increasing the coverage of the poor was compared to the previous Score Card targeting method used by SWF. The SWF 2008 survey included income level information as well as PMT / Score Card indicator data, allowing comparison of actual income reported with the PMT and Score Card scores for each applicant. The simulations showed that using the Score Card targeting method would extend coverage to only 8. 4 percent of the population and reach only 10. 8 percent of the lowest HBS decile ( Le., the poorest 10 percent ). By applying the PMT weights, the coverage for Group A remained approximately the same ( 9 percent ), but reach was extended to cover 26. 9 percent of the poorest 10 percent. By including Group A & B data in the simulation, 35 percent of the Yemeni population would be covered and the program would reach 77. 5 percent of the poorest 10 percent. In considering budget allocation to the extreme poor, the Score Card method was found to reach approximately 19 percent of the poorest, while the PMT Group A method reached approximately 50 percent of the poorest.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 233, + 248, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In a series of micro-simulations on existing SWF beneficiary and survey data from 2008, the PMT targeting accuracy in increasing the coverage of the poor was compared to the previous Score Card targeting method used by SWF. The SWF 2008 survey included income level information as well as PMT / Score Card indicator data, allowing comparison of actual income reported with the PMT and Score Card scores for each applicant. The simulations showed that using the Score Card targeting method would extend coverage to only 8.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The SWF 2008 survey is a structured collection of data that includes income level information and PMT/Score Card indicator data, used for analysis of targeting methods.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "contains structured information", + "explicitly references income level data and indicators", + "describes the comparison of scores based on this survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'SWF 2008 survey' is explicitly mentioned as containing specific structured data, including income levels and relevant indicators. This suggests it functions as a dataset rather than a project or tool. The language used indicates that the survey is central to the analysis being conducted, which supports the identification of this term as a dataset. There is a direct reference to how data from this survey is utilized in the analysis, aligning the term with concrete data usage. The potential confusion might arise from phrases that could imply it is part of a project or system, especially since 'SWF' could also stand for a broader framework or initiative. However, because the focus is on the survey and its structured outputs, it holds true as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The SWF 2008 survey is classified as a dataset because it includes structured data used directly in analysis, specifically referencing income information and indicators for comparison." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 85, + "text": "Successful Application of the PMT for Pro-poor Targeting Results 236. in CT program resources going to those in most extreme need. These are: There are very clear steps and processes that lead to successful application of the PMT, resulting a ) Clarification of objectives: Clear orientation sessions for community leaders and beneficiaries on the objectives of the Program as part of a comprehensive communication strategy. b ) Co-responsibilities: Clarification of the co-responsibilities of community leaders for good implementation of the program, i. e., ensuring that eligible households are enrolled. c ) Qualified staff with computer skills: A comprehensive data registration and an application of PMT require staff with good computer skills. d ) Management Information System ( MIS ): A comprehensive and well-designed MIS system helps administrators to apply the PMT weights to generate the PMT score formula to determine eligible beneficiaries in addition to supporting accountability throughout the full CT program cycle. e ) Operations Manual: A comprehensive OM with instruments and guidelines guides all operational and organizational activities related to the Program. B. Gender Considerations - Inclusion of Female Household Members 237. The Yemen Country Assistance Strategy points out that Yemen \u2019 s social challenges are exacerbated by a fast-paced demographic growth. Nearly 50 percent of the population is below 15.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 754, + 783, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "c ) Qualified staff with computer skills: A comprehensive data registration and an application of PMT require staff with good computer skills. d ) Management Information System ( MIS ): A comprehensive and well-designed MIS system helps administrators to apply the PMT weights to generate the PMT score formula to determine eligible beneficiaries in addition to supporting accountability throughout the full CT program cycle. e ) Operations Manual: A comprehensive OM with instruments and guidelines guides all operational and organizational activities related to the Program.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system used for managing data and information, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system, not a data source", + "describes the function of supporting administrators, which indicates it is more of a tool or infrastructure rather than a concrete dataset", + "follows enumeration with items that relate directly to operational processes rather than data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, the term 'Management Information System' (MIS) is not presented as a dataset but rather as a system that plays a supportive role in managing and applying data for program management, particularly in determining eligible beneficiaries and accountability. The surrounding informational cues emphasize its role as a component of operational and organizational activities, describing how it assists administrators rather than presenting it as a structured dataset that is being utilized for analysis directly. The model may have confused it because the term is capitalized, suggests the existence of data management, and follows phrases that mention data applications\u2014but it does not explicitly present itself as a source of data for analysis, rather as a user of the data. This distinction is crucial in evaluating whether it is a dataset or merely operational infrastructure that involves data handling.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' is not a dataset but rather a system designed to help manage data for program activities, thus it should be seen as infrastructure rather than a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "151_533550PAD0P117101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 85, + "text": "Only 8 % of households are officially female-headed, and a further 10 % can be considered de-facto female-headed as the male head is away for 6 months a year or more. Poverty incidence is not significantly different between these and other households; however the Household Budget Survey ( HBS ) established that resources are better allocated in female-headed households, which spend more on education and food than on tobacco and qat. 240. Yemen \u2019 s DPPR recognizes the challenges faced by Yemeni women and discusses the need to tackle the complex web of economic, social, cultural, and legal obstacles to women \u2019 s empowerment. In particular, one of the aims of the DPPR is to increase women \u2019 s employment in both private and public sectors and their participation in local and parliamentary elections, both as candidates and voters. Yet, the DPPR does not provide a clear action plan to move from what can be achieved through legal means to the necessary social transformations that can underpin sustainable progress. 74", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 264, + 287, + "named" + ], + [ + 347, + 371, + "Household Budget Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 442, + 447, + "Household Budget Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Only 8 % of households are officially female-headed, and a further 10 % can be considered de-facto female-headed as the male head is away for 6 months a year or more. Poverty incidence is not significantly different between these and other households; however the Household Budget Survey ( HBS ) established that resources are better allocated in female-headed households, which spend more on education and food than on tobacco and qat. 240.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze household spending patterns.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018establish that\u2019 indicating a usage of the data", + "analyzed household spending patterns", + "mimics the structure of other datasets mentioned" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Household Budget Survey' appears to function as a structured dataset rather than as a project name or management information system. The phrasing 'established that resources are better allocated' clearly indicates that the survey provided data that led to this conclusion. It\u2019s also mentioned in a context that relates to analyzing household behaviors, aligning with the typical usage of a dataset in research. The use of specific results (like percentages of spending) suggests the presence of underlying structured data points. Although the model may have perceived this as potentially ambiguous (since it could also refer to a project or system collecting such data), the explicit mention of it contributing to findings about spending patterns supports the conclusion that it is indeed being treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This occurrence of 'Household Budget Survey' is recognized as a valid dataset mention since it provides data that is analyzed for conclusions related to household spending, fulfilling the criteria for a dataset context." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 8, + "text": "3 \u2022 Quality: In international assessments ( TIMSS & PISA ), Jordan has performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. National assessments ( both of \u201c knowledge economy skills \u201d and more general subject-area competence ) have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels. In addition up to 30 percent of students drop out before completion of 12th Grade. \u2022 Teacher Policy: Studies conducted as part of ERfKE preparation revealed that while the majority of teachers are in possession of the required formal qualifications, and the current student teacher ratios do not suggest a significant shortage of teachers, there are significant challenges regarding teacher recruitment, utilization, professional development and morale. There is still a relatively low level of actual use of the new methods and approaches in the classroom, and the new learning materials are often used in a conventional teaching approach. Teacher morale remains low. Teachers in Jordan are not recruited by the MoE but are assigned by the Public Service Bureau on the basis of examination scores.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 44, + 49, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 66, + "TIMSS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 726, + 748, + "TIMSS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1141, + 1147, + "TIMSS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 \u2022 Quality: In international assessments ( TIMSS & PISA ), Jordan has performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. National assessments ( both of \u201c knowledge economy skills \u201d and more general subject-area competence ) have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) is a structured collection of data used for international assessments in mathematics and science education.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside a known dataset (PISA)", + "described as part of international assessments", + "used for structured data collection in educational contexts" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'TIMSS' is referenced in relation to international assessments, indicating that it pertains to a specific structured collection of data concerning education. While the term could suggest a project or assessment framework, it is widely recognized as a dataset used to evaluate educational achievement across countries, which aligns with how datasets are typically characterized. The mention of TIMSS alongside PISA (another established educational assessment dataset) signals that it is being treated as a comparative dataset rather than just a project name or system. The context stresses performance in terms of measurable educational outcomes, further emphasizing its role as a data source. A potential source of confusion for models could arise from the use of TIMSS as both a project and a structured data source, but given its explicit mention in the context of data collection for assessments, it fits within the realm of a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, TIMSS behaves as a dataset because it is a recognized structured collection of data used for international educational assessments, especially when juxtaposed with PISA and mentioned in the context of performance measurement." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 8, + "text": "3 \u2022 Quality: In international assessments ( TIMSS & PISA ), Jordan has performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. National assessments ( both of \u201c knowledge economy skills \u201d and more general subject-area competence ) have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels. In addition up to 30 percent of students drop out before completion of 12th Grade. \u2022 Teacher Policy: Studies conducted as part of ERfKE preparation revealed that while the majority of teachers are in possession of the required formal qualifications, and the current student teacher ratios do not suggest a significant shortage of teachers, there are significant challenges regarding teacher recruitment, utilization, professional development and morale. There is still a relatively low level of actual use of the new methods and approaches in the classroom, and the new learning materials are often used in a conventional teaching approach. Teacher morale remains low. Teachers in Jordan are not recruited by the MoE but are assigned by the Public Service Bureau on the basis of examination scores.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 52, + 56, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "3 \u2022 Quality: In international assessments ( TIMSS & PISA ), Jordan has performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. National assessments ( both of \u201c knowledge economy skills \u201d and more general subject-area competence ) have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to an international assessment of student performance, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known assessments", + "described as an international assessment of student performance", + "not referred to as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a large-scale international test of student achievement rather than a structured dataset. The model could have been confused because it is presented alongside TIMSS, another well-known assessment, leading it to seem like a dataset by association. However, it's clear from the phrasing that PISA is not a data source itself but rather a tool for evaluating educational outcomes. It doesn't contain records in the same way a dataset would; instead, it generates scores and reports based on the assessment results, which are not considered datasets. The distinction here is essential: while they provide valuable insights, assessments themselves do not constitute data collections utilized for longitudinal analysis. They do not store data but report findings based on data collected during tests. Hence, the model's inference that PISA is a dataset is flawed because it lacks direct mention of records or structured data in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is not a dataset in this context as it refers to an international assessment rather than a structured data source or collection." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 8, + "text": "There exists concurrently considerable excess capacity and wide-scale overcrowding of schools \u2013 much of it linked to rented facilities, but not exclusively. \u2022 ECE ( Early Childhood Education ): Significant achievements in construction, teacher training, curriculum development, teacher professional development, parent involvement and standards setting have helped make this one of the more dynamic elements of Jordan \u2019 s education system. The private sector is responsible for 90 percent of provision ( down from 95 percent in 2003 ), and improvements in regulation and guidance regarding standards have helped this subsector mature as it expands. Yet significant challenges remain: continued expansion of access to Kindergarten Year Two ( KG2 ) for the roughly half of children without access to KG2 classes competes with growing demand for greater public investment in Kindergarten Year 1 ( KG1 ) level provision; poor urban communities and children in rural areas compete for access to public provision; quantitative expansion competes with the need for consolidation of quality. \u2022 Technical, and Vocational Education and Training ( TVET ): Enrollment in secondary vocational education as a share of total secondary enrolment declined from 18 percent in 2000 to 12 percent in 2005, suggesting a critical demand side problem, at a time of growing need for skills for the economic transformation articulated in the National Agenda. This suggests the need for significant realignment of MoE vocational programs to be undertaken based on input from the employer community and deeper analysis of labor market information derived from Al Manar and similar initiatives, in a way that aligns them with the reforms initiated by the Ministries of Labour ( MoL ) and Higher Education and Scientific Research ( MoHESR ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1633, + 1641, + "named" + ], + [ + 411, + 417, + "Al Manar <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1258, + 1262, + "Al Manar <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1595, + 1619, + "Al Manar <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "\u2022 Technical, and Vocational Education and Training ( TVET ): Enrollment in secondary vocational education as a share of total secondary enrolment declined from 18 percent in 2000 to 12 percent in 2005, suggesting a critical demand side problem, at a time of growing need for skills for the economic transformation articulated in the National Agenda. This suggests the need for significant realignment of MoE vocational programs to be undertaken based on input from the employer community and deeper analysis of labor market information derived from Al Manar and similar initiatives, in a way that aligns them with the reforms initiated by the Ministries of Labour ( MoL ) and Higher Education and Scientific Research ( MoHESR ).", + "type": "labor market information", + "explanation": "Al Manar refers to an initiative that provides labor market information, which is a structured collection of data used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an initiative, not explicitly as a dataset", + "implies a source of information rather than a distinct dataset", + "related to labor market information but does not indicate structured data itself", + "compared with other initiatives rather than being listed among datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Al Manar' is presented as an initiative providing labor market information rather than a specific dataset containing structured records. The phrases around it suggest it's a program or project aimed at analyzing and deriving insights from labor market data but do not explicitly define it as a dataset. Given that it is not capitalized or presented in a manner that highlights it as a distinct data source, it leads to the interpretation that it functions more as a source of data or an initiative. This could cause confusion in model extractions, especially since terms like 'initiative', 'project', or 'program' may be misclassified as datasets when they are explicitly tied to analytical work. The model might have flagged it as a dataset because it fits certain patterns, such as being used in conjunction with analytical discussions, but lacks the clear definition and context of a structured dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Al Manar' does not function as a dataset; it is identified as an initiative related to labor market information rather than a concrete data collection point, making it more of a project than a distinct dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 12, + "text": "The sub - component will also have a range of specific interventions including: ( i ) the design and delivery of initial teacher training and accreditation; ( ii ) refinement of the teacher ranking system linked to TPD; ( iii ) the design and delivery of school leadership programs; ( iv ) teacher and principal appraisal; ( v ) a Trainer Development Program; and ( vi ) the development of a QA system for ITT and TPD. 24. Subcomponent 3. 2: Curriculum, Assessment and Learning Resources will: ( i ) where necessary review and revise the curriculum, learning materials and teacher guides developed under ERfKE I; ( ii ) develop a framework for long \u2013 term, continuing curriculum review; ( iii ) support the development of tools and training for assessment activities at the classroom and national levels ( NAfKE, TIMSS and PISA will be covered under Sub-component 2. 1 ); ( iv ) introduce benchmarking and item banking and related training; ( v ) update ICT equipment for schools and support existing ICT infrastructure; ( vi ) ensure ICT connectivity available in all schools to permit blended e-learning; ( vii ) ensure equity in distribution of learning resources across Jordan ( Financing for the goods associated with this activity is reflected in Component 5. ); and finally ( viii ) conduct Tawjihi-ERfKE alignment activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 813, + 818, + "named" + ], + [ + 1174, + 1180, + "TIMSS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Subcomponent 3. 2: Curriculum, Assessment and Learning Resources will: ( i ) where necessary review and revise the curriculum, learning materials and teacher guides developed under ERfKE I; ( ii ) develop a framework for long \u2013 term, continuing curriculum review; ( iii ) support the development of tools and training for assessment activities at the classroom and national levels ( NAfKE, TIMSS and PISA will be covered under Sub-component 2. 1 ); ( iv ) introduce benchmarking and item banking and related training; ( v ) update ICT equipment for schools and support existing ICT infrastructure; ( vi ) ensure ICT connectivity available in all schools to permit blended e-learning; ( vii ) ensure equity in distribution of learning resources across Jordan ( Financing for the goods associated with this activity is reflected in Component 5. )", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) is a large-scale assessment that collects data on student achievement in mathematics and science across countries, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'will be covered under'", + "described as a large-scale assessment collecting data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'TIMSS' refers to a well-known large-scale assessment that produces structured data about student achievements in mathematics and science worldwide. The text clearly indicates that TIMSS will be covered under a specific component of curriculum and assessment efforts, resembling a collection of data used for educational analysis. Although TIMSS can be seen as a project or an assessment program, it is fundamentally a structured source of data, as it systematically collects, analyzes, and presents data for comparative educational research. There could be confusion as TIMSS is also tied to organizational efforts (as a program/project), but the way it is framed suggests it functions here primarily as a dataset, especially in the educational assessment context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, TIMSS is treated as a dataset because it is referenced in the context of educational assessments that collect and provide structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 12, + "text": "The sub - component will also have a range of specific interventions including: ( i ) the design and delivery of initial teacher training and accreditation; ( ii ) refinement of the teacher ranking system linked to TPD; ( iii ) the design and delivery of school leadership programs; ( iv ) teacher and principal appraisal; ( v ) a Trainer Development Program; and ( vi ) the development of a QA system for ITT and TPD. 24. Subcomponent 3. 2: Curriculum, Assessment and Learning Resources will: ( i ) where necessary review and revise the curriculum, learning materials and teacher guides developed under ERfKE I; ( ii ) develop a framework for long \u2013 term, continuing curriculum review; ( iii ) support the development of tools and training for assessment activities at the classroom and national levels ( NAfKE, TIMSS and PISA will be covered under Sub-component 2. 1 ); ( iv ) introduce benchmarking and item banking and related training; ( v ) update ICT equipment for schools and support existing ICT infrastructure; ( vi ) ensure ICT connectivity available in all schools to permit blended e-learning; ( vii ) ensure equity in distribution of learning resources across Jordan ( Financing for the goods associated with this activity is reflected in Component 5. ); and finally ( viii ) conduct Tawjihi-ERfKE alignment activities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 823, + 827, + "named" + ], + [ + 1174, + 1180, + "PISA <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Subcomponent 3. 2: Curriculum, Assessment and Learning Resources will: ( i ) where necessary review and revise the curriculum, learning materials and teacher guides developed under ERfKE I; ( ii ) develop a framework for long \u2013 term, continuing curriculum review; ( iii ) support the development of tools and training for assessment activities at the classroom and national levels ( NAfKE, TIMSS and PISA will be covered under Sub-component 2. 1 ); ( iv ) introduce benchmarking and item banking and related training; ( v ) update ICT equipment for schools and support existing ICT infrastructure; ( vi ) ensure ICT connectivity available in all schools to permit blended e-learning; ( vii ) ensure equity in distribution of learning resources across Jordan ( Financing for the goods associated with this activity is reflected in Component 5. )", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis of educational systems worldwide.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'will be covered under'", + "mentions educational assessment", + "known as an international standardized assessment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is clearly referring to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is widely recognized as an assessment and not just a project or a system. The text mentions it in the context of supporting curriculum review and assessment activities, indicating that it is being referenced as a source of data relevant to educational evaluation. Although it could be confused with a project name because of its prominence and structure, in this case, the way it links with terms like 'assessment' and 'curriculum' suggests that it is being treated as a dataset. The pipelining model may have identified it as a dataset due to its established reputation and its inclusion in a list of assessments alongside TIMSS and other metrics, which adds strength to the notion that it's being treated as a concrete data source. If there had been doubts about whether it was standalone, such as references to it being a project or system, my analysis would have led to a different conclusion.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is referred to in the context of educational assessment, indicating that it is indeed being used as a dataset for analysis regarding curriculum and learning assessments." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 27, + "text": "It was agreed that the second phase of this reform should be shaped around a principle of school and district focus, so that reforms at the central level will be premised on the changing role that the central ministry will play in a system that is focused on school and district level delivery of learning programs to build the kind of participatory, outcome-based and student-centered learning that is required. 11. Quality: Jordan has now participated in three rounds of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) and one round of the Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ). In both cases, Jordan performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. As part of ERfKE I, MoE introduced a national assessment program using a PISA - like approach but focused specifically on the knowledge economy aspects of the national curriculum. It also conducted a series of more \u201c traditional \u201d national assessments of learning achievement in key subjects. Establishing and implementing these systems is a major stride forward in its own right and a significant achievement of the ERfKE I reform. However, these assessments have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels and that a significant number of students drop out of the system. The overall completion rate of secondary education is about 70 percent, with almost 30 percent of students dropping out after the 10th grade. The monitoring and evaluation processes established under ERfKE I are now beginning to relate this performance to a range of different education and non education variables to determine what mix of inputs and processes has yielded the greatest improvements in terms of quality learning outcomes. Quality remains a significant challenge for Jordan, but some mechanisms have been put in place to permit more systematic and rigorous evaluation of which investments are most likely to yield impact on learning outcomes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 477, + 530, + "named" + ], + [ + 426, + 432, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 533, + 538, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> acronym" + ], + [ + 634, + 640, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1934, + 1940, + "Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "11. Quality: Jordan has now participated in three rounds of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) and one round of the Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ). In both cases, Jordan performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in educational performance across countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referenced as a study that collects data", + "involves structured evaluation of educational performance across countries", + "mentioned alongside an established assessment metric (PISA)", + "implicitly serves as a source of comparative data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study' clearly refers to a comprehensive assessment that systematically gathers and analyzes data about students' performance in mathematics and science internationally. The text explicitly points to Jordan\u2019s participation in this study as a means to evaluate and compare educational outcomes against other countries, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset. The mention of TIMSS alongside the PISA reinforces its role as a structured source of data rather than simply a project or system that houses data. While some extraction models may misinterpret this term due to the name's formal nature, associating it with project-like nomenclature or management systems, the content directly connects it to a data collection effort for educational research.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study' is treated as a dataset because it involves systematic data collection and analysis used for evaluating educational performance, rather than just a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 27, + "text": "It was agreed that the second phase of this reform should be shaped around a principle of school and district focus, so that reforms at the central level will be premised on the changing role that the central ministry will play in a system that is focused on school and district level delivery of learning programs to build the kind of participatory, outcome-based and student-centered learning that is required. 11. Quality: Jordan has now participated in three rounds of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) and one round of the Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ). In both cases, Jordan performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages. As part of ERfKE I, MoE introduced a national assessment program using a PISA - like approach but focused specifically on the knowledge economy aspects of the national curriculum. It also conducted a series of more \u201c traditional \u201d national assessments of learning achievement in key subjects. Establishing and implementing these systems is a major stride forward in its own right and a significant achievement of the ERfKE I reform. However, these assessments have revealed that the majority of students still perform below desired achievement levels and that a significant number of students drop out of the system. The overall completion rate of secondary education is about 70 percent, with almost 30 percent of students dropping out after the 10th grade. The monitoring and evaluation processes established under ERfKE I are now beginning to relate this performance to a range of different education and non education variables to determine what mix of inputs and processes has yielded the greatest improvements in terms of quality learning outcomes. Quality remains a significant challenge for Jordan, but some mechanisms have been put in place to permit more systematic and rigorous evaluation of which investments are most likely to yield impact on learning outcomes.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 562, + 608, + "named" + ], + [ + 426, + 432, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 611, + 615, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 634, + 640, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ], + [ + 908, + 912, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1330, + 1338, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1419, + 1427, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1934, + 1940, + "Programme for International Student Assessment <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "11. Quality: Jordan has now participated in three rounds of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ) and one round of the Programme for International Student Assessment ( PISA ). In both cases, Jordan performed well in comparison with other countries in the Region, but well below many countries at comparable income and education expenditure levels, and at or below the international averages.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by measuring 15-year-old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a structured collection of data", + "used to evaluate educational systems" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is referenced in relation to its role in measuring educational outcomes, which aligns with the definition of a dataset in the educational research field. PISA, although it can be considered a project or a system, is fundamentally a large-scale assessment that collects data on student performance, making the data generated from it a central element of educational analysis. The mention comes in a context discussing the performance of Jordan in comparison to other entities, which reinforces its function as a data source. The model may have initially classified it as a dataset due to its structured nature and significant role in educational assessment, alongside other datasets like TIMSS. However, instances where it\u2019s referred to strictly as a project could lead to confusion about whether to categorize it as a dataset or simply as a project name or system. In this case, due to the explicit mention of its data-collection purpose, it qualifies as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Programme for International Student Assessment is classified as a dataset in this context because it serves as a structured collection of data used for evaluating educational systems, reinforcing its role as a significant data source in educational research." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 32, + "text": "Number / percentage of schools that are implementing improvement plans. ( Target: 100 % ) A single School Evaluation Instrument, focused on ERfKE outcomes, agreed and being used for school self-evaluation and for public and professional accountability. Stakeholder views on extent to which decision-making authority and associated resources are being allocated and utilized to enable implementation of school improvement plans. Stakeholder views on extent to which mechanisms for professional and public accountability, linked to the school improvement cycle, have been established and are functioning. School principals \u2019 and teachers \u2019 views on quality of field directorate and central administration support toward achievement of school development plans. External stakeholder assessment of graduate knowledge economy skills. These indicators will be used to monitor progress on the National School-based Development System component of ERfKE II and to inform project implementation and refinement specifically in relation to this component. Data will be disaggregated by gender and location with a strong focus on equity. The indicators will be reviewed through supervision missions and also used as focal points for discussion with GoJ and other stakeholders. Policy, Planning, and Organizational Development: Organizational realignment has taken place in order to support Review and realignment of mandate and responsibilities of MoE organizational structures relevant to the school improvement process. Number of non-school staff participating These indicators will be used to monitor progress on the Policy, Planning, & Organizational Development component of ERfKE II and to inform project implementation", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 886, + 926, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "External stakeholder assessment of graduate knowledge economy skills. These indicators will be used to monitor progress on the National School-based Development System component of ERfKE II and to inform project implementation and refinement specifically in relation to this component. Data will be disaggregated by gender and location with a strong focus on equity.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "The term refers to a program related to school improvement and development, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component of a project (ERfKE II)", + "focus on project implementation and refinement", + "not explicitly stated as a data source or structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'National School-based Development System', the context suggests that it is related to a larger project (ERfKE II) aimed at improving educational quality rather than a structured dataset itself. The phrase discusses indicators used for monitoring progress, pointing towards the system\u2019s role in reporting or implementation rather than being a stand-alone dataset. The model may have been led to think of it as a dataset due to its capitalization and formal naming, which is often associated with data sources. However, without explicit phrasing indicating that it is being used as a dataset (e.g., 'uses data from' or 'contains records'), I see it more as a system that contributes to project assessment rather than a concrete data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'National School-based Development System' refers to a project component and not a structured dataset; hence it is not categorized as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 33, + "text": "28 a school-based approach to improving the delivery of education services. Organizational effectiveness at all levels of the system has been improved by the adoption of a results-based approach to policy, planning, accountability, incentives, and M & E. in ongoing professional development programs to support the delivery of the school improvement program. ( Target: 1, 100 ) Review and development of mechanisms for professional and public accountability. ( Target: 80 % of schools ) Stakeholder perceptions of relevance of M & E reports for informing policy and planning. Stakeholder views on extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. and refinement specifically in relation to this component. The indicators will be reviewed through supervision missions and also used as focal points for discussion with GOJ and other stakeholders. Teaching & Learning Resource Development: Student learning outcomes relevant to the acquisition of knowledge economy skills have been improved through realigned curriculum, authentic assessment, appropriate teaching and learning resources, and interactive classroom practices. Teacher policies revised to support application of national teacher standards.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 613, + 623, + "named" + ], + [ + 675, + 704, + "SIS / EMIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( Target: 80 % of schools ) Stakeholder perceptions of relevance of M & E reports for informing policy and planning. Stakeholder views on extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. and refinement specifically in relation to this component.", + "type": "education management information system", + "explanation": "SIS/EMIS refers to a structured system for collecting and managing educational data, which is used for monitoring and improving education services.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as producing data for continuous monitoring", + "mentioned as a system for collecting and managing educational data", + "not explicitly enumerated alongside known datasets", + "used in conjunction with indicators rather than as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this excerpt, 'SIS / EMIS' appears to refer to a management information system rather than a concrete dataset. The term is situated in a context where it is discussed as a system that produces data for monitoring key performance indicators. This description leans more toward it being an infrastructure or tool used to collect and manage data rather than a specific dataset used for analysis. There is a signal suggesting that it has a data-generating function, but the terminology used does not indicate it is providing a distinct dataset for analysis; rather, it serves as an ongoing system to track information continuously. The confusion might arise due to the model recognizing 'SIS/EMIS' as capable of producing data, which can make it appear dataset-like in function. However, as 'SIS/EMIS' does not represent a set or collection of data records but rather a system that creates or manages data, this distinction clarifies that it should not be categorized as a standalone dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SIS / EMIS is presented as a management information system generating data for monitoring purposes rather than being treated as a specific dataset. Therefore, it is not classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 36, + "text": "Cycle 61. 5 % 97. 8 % 61. 6 % 98. 0 % 61 8 % 98. 2 % 62. 0 % 98. 4 % 62. 3 % 98. 6 % 62. 6 % 98. 8 % 63. 0 % % Annual EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 2 The baseline for the enrollment rates based on the EMIS data for the year 2007 / 2008", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 118, + 122, + "named" + ], + [ + 190, + 206, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 243, + 254, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 % 63. 0 % % Annual EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 2 The baseline for the enrollment rates based on the EMIS data for the year 2007 / 2008", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for educational planning and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a management information system", + "not explicitly described as a concrete dataset", + "suggests a focus on the system's data rather than the data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' stands for 'Education Management Information System' and is referenced as the source of data for enrollment rates. However, it is not presented as a concrete dataset but rather as a system responsible for collating educational data. The sentence indicates that the analysis is based on 'EMIS data,' which implies that EMIS serves as the infrastructure that holds the data rather than the dataset itself. This distinction is crucial as datasets usually refer to specific collections of data that can be directly analyzed, while systems like EMIS serve to manage and process data. The model may have confused 'EMIS' as a dataset because it follows the phrase 'based on the EMIS data,' which could suggest it is a collection of data; however, 'EMIS' primarily acts as a platform for storing and managing data rather than a standalone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to an educational management system that facilitates data management, and the context does not present it as a specific data collection for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 36, + "text": "Cycle 61. 5 % 97. 8 % 61. 6 % 98. 0 % 61 8 % 98. 2 % 62. 0 % 98. 4 % 62. 3 % 98. 6 % 62. 6 % 98. 8 % 63. 0 % % Annual EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 2 The baseline for the enrollment rates based on the EMIS data for the year 2007 / 2008", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 220, + 224, + "named" + ], + [ + 190, + 206, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 220, + 229, + "EMIS <> data type" + ], + [ + 243, + 254, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8 % 63. 0 % % Annual EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 2 The baseline for the enrollment rates based on the EMIS data for the year 2007 / 2008", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for analyzing enrollment rates and other educational metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as a source of data rather than a data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' explicitly refers to an Education Management Information System and is characterized as such in the provided text. The context suggests that the analysis is based on data collected from this system, but it does not denote the system itself as a definitive dataset. Rather, it serves as a framework or tool that aggregates and stores data related to educational metrics, such as enrollment rates. The presence of phrases like 'based on the EMIS data' indicates the data is derived from this system, further affirming it is not treated as a standalone dataset in this context. The model might have been confused by the phrase structure that suggests the use of data but did not recognize that EMIS is not the primary data entity but rather an infrastructural element that houses datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' should not be considered a dataset because it is an information system that provides data rather than a standalone collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 41, + "text": "36 Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection policy and planning. 2. 6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3. Teaching and Learning Resource Development 3. 1 Teacher policies revised to support application of national teacher standards. Nil Policies identified 50 % target policies revised 100 % of target policies revised Yrs 1, 3 and 6 MoE Report DTQS / PSPS 3. 2 Number / percentage of newly appointed teachers completing post - recruitment initial training in ETC. Nil 6 % 30 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % Annual MoE Reports DTQS / ETC 3. 3 Number / percentage of new teachers appointed using a competency - based model.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 234, + 237, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. 6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "SIS refers to a system (School Information System) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "context relates to monitoring performance indicators", + "not treated as a data source directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'SIS' clearly refers to a School Information System, which serves as a management information system designed to monitor and manage educational data. It is mentioned in the context of producing data for key performance indicators, but this does not indicate that 'SIS' itself is a dataset. Instead, it serves as the infrastructure that collects, organizes, and potentially analyzes such data. The model may have been confused due to the mention of 'producing data,' which can imply that it functions like a 'data source.' However, 'SIS' does not represent a structured collection of records that could be evaluated as a standalone dataset; rather, it functions as a platform/tool that houses such data. Therefore, the distinction is clear here: 'SIS' is not a dataset but rather a system supporting data management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SIS' is identified as a School Information System rather than a dataset. It functions as an infrastructure that supports the collection and management of educational data, which does not qualify it as a dataset in itself." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 41, + "text": "36 Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection policy and planning. 2. 6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3. Teaching and Learning Resource Development 3. 1 Teacher policies revised to support application of national teacher standards. Nil Policies identified 50 % target policies revised 100 % of target policies revised Yrs 1, 3 and 6 MoE Report DTQS / PSPS 3. 2 Number / percentage of newly appointed teachers completing post - recruitment initial training in ETC. Nil 6 % 30 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % Annual MoE Reports DTQS / ETC 3. 3 Number / percentage of new teachers appointed using a competency - based model.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 240, + 244, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. 6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system (Education Management Information System)", + "discussed in relation to monitoring key performance indicators, not as a dataset", + "not directly presented in a manner that suggests it contains raw data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to an Education Management Information System designed to manage and produce educational data rather than serving as a standalone dataset. The phrasing indicates that it is involved in the generation of data for continuous monitoring of performance indicators, which suggests its role is administrative or infrastructural. The mention of EMIS does not convey that it is a concrete collection of data; it lacks attributes of traditional datasets, such as being cited alongside other datasets or being described as containing specific records. The potential confusion for an extraction model could stem from its appearance in a list format that relates to indicators and suggests data production, leading to a misinterpretation as a data source when it is essentially a system supporting data handling rather than a direct dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but as a system that handles educational data, thus it doesn't fulfill the criteria of a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 41, + "text": "36 Target Values Data Collection and Reporting Project Outcome Indicators Baseline YR1 YR2 YR3 YR4 YR5 YR6 Frequency and Reports Data Collection Instruments Responsibility for Data Collection policy and planning. 2. 6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3. Teaching and Learning Resource Development 3. 1 Teacher policies revised to support application of national teacher standards. Nil Policies identified 50 % target policies revised 100 % of target policies revised Yrs 1, 3 and 6 MoE Report DTQS / PSPS 3. 2 Number / percentage of newly appointed teachers completing post - recruitment initial training in ETC. Nil 6 % 30 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % Annual MoE Reports DTQS / ETC 3. 3 Number / percentage of new teachers appointed using a competency - based model.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 421, + 425, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "6 Extent to which SIS / EMIS is producing data for continuous monitoring of the 32 key performance indicators. 10 indicators 12 indicators 20 Indicators 32 Indicators Yrs 1, 3 and 6 External assessment of EMIS Directorate of Educational Planning ( DEP ) 3. Teaching and Learning Resource Development 3.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as part of a broader discussion on performance indicators and monitoring" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a tool designed to manage and store educational data rather than serving as a specific dataset. Phrases like 'producing data for continuous monitoring' imply that the EMIS generates data but does not indicate that it's a structured dataset in itself. Its presence is tied to broader operational functions rather than presenting isolated records or structured data. Consequently, even though it does appear in a list discussing indicators, it is not a dataset but rather a system that generates data related to those indicators. The model likely interpreted 'EMIS' as a dataset because it is capitalized and follows phrases typically associated with dataset references, but the overall context indicates it's a management system.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is identified explicitly as a management information system, focusing on its role in generating educational data rather than representing a distinct, organized collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 64, + "text": "These reports will reflect the project sources and uses of funds, contracts expenditures as well as uses of funds by project component and by financier. These reports, which will be required by the Project \u2019 s Loan Agreement, shall be submitted to the Bank 45 days following the end of each calendar quarter starting from the quarter where the first loan disbursement took place. The Finance Officer at the DCU will be responsible for compiling the IFRs for both entities in one package and sending the IFRs on a timely basis to the World Bank. 6. The Project financial statements will be compiled by the DCU Finance Officer. An external independent auditor with international experience, acceptable to the Bank, will be engaged to perform the Project audit and issue an independent opinion on the Project compiled financial statements. The audited report with audited financial statements should be submitted to the Bank no later than six months following the closing date of each fiscal year being audited. The MoE will recruit the external auditor and the audit costs will not be financed by the Bank loan.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 449, + 453, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "These reports, which will be required by the Project \u2019 s Loan Agreement, shall be submitted to the Bank 45 days following the end of each calendar quarter starting from the quarter where the first loan disbursement took place. The Finance Officer at the DCU will be responsible for compiling the IFRs for both entities in one package and sending the IFRs on a timely basis to the World Bank. 6.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "IFRs refers to Interim Financial Reports, which are reports rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as reports rather than as a structured data source", + "done in the context of reporting responsibilities rather than data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'IFRs' clearly refers to Interim Financial Reports. These are documents used to summarize financial information but don\u2019t represent a database or a structured dataset themselves. The confusion might arise because the term 'IFRs' is capitalized and could be seen as an acronym standing for something significant, leading an extraction model to misinterpret it as a dataset. Additionally, it follows phrases indicating duties and responsibilities related to financial reporting but lacks any indication of being a data source in the conventional sense (e.g., no mention of records, indicators, or data collection). The mention of compiling them into a package further emphasizes their report nature, rather than that of a database or a dataset. The line is drawn here since they are identified solely as reports and do not imply any infrastructure or system that manages or stores data in a structured way.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, IFRs are interim financial reports, which represent document outputs of financial information rather than structured datasets. Therefore, they do not meet the criteria for being categorized as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 65, + "text": "There has been significant progress in Jordan \u2019 s public FM where it has been able to: ( i ) improve its budget process through implementing a results based budget for the year 2008; ( ii ) advance the full implementation of a single treasury account with the Central Bank; and ( iii ) modernize the spending procedures and accounting through adopting a new chart of account and developing the GFMIS for implementation by the MoF, government departments and other spending units. So far, the GFMIS is still a work in progress and most of the ministries ( including MoE and GBD ) still do not have an accounting and reporting system in place that can be used for reporting on the project accounts. In addition, Jordan \u2019 s Corruption Perceived Index ( CPI ) as per Transparency International has improved from 4. 7 in 2007 to 5. 1 in 2008, ranking Jordan 5 / 20 regionally and 41 / 180 internationally. 9. The Project will be implemented through opening budget lines under MoE ( for counterpart funds ) and MoPIC ( for the Bank loan ) and funds will be allocated accordingly. MoE has already opened a budget line under its 2009 budget. 10. Project FM Risk. MoE and GBD \u2019 s FM arrangements were assessed based on the World Bank \u2019 s FM Guidelines, to determine if the FM arrangements for the Project are acceptable to the World Bank. Detailed FM questionnaires were completed for MoE and GBD and are included in the Project \u2019 s files. The risks identified and the mitigating measures addressing theses risks are detailed in the table below: 4 The Institutional Financial Management Assessment ( IFMCA ) for the Education and Social Sectors \u2013 June 2006.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 394, + 399, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There has been significant progress in Jordan \u2019 s public FM where it has been able to: ( i ) improve its budget process through implementing a results based budget for the year 2008; ( ii ) advance the full implementation of a single treasury account with the Central Bank; and ( iii ) modernize the spending procedures and accounting through adopting a new chart of account and developing the GFMIS for implementation by the MoF, government departments and other spending units. So far, the GFMIS is still a work in progress and most of the ministries ( including MoE and GBD ) still do not have an accounting and reporting system in place that can be used for reporting on the project accounts.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or application rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a financial management information system", + "mentioned as a tool rather than a data source", + "inclined towards being infrastructure for budgeting and reporting" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GFMIS' is explicitly referred to as a financial management information system (FMIS) that is under development and is a tool for accounting and reporting purposes. While it may contain data, it does not function as a dataset by itself; instead, it serves as infrastructure to manage data related to financial systems. The text does not frame it as a primary source of structured records or indicate that it is being used as a dataset in the analysis. The confusion may arise because 'GFMIS' is capitalized and looks like a proper noun, leading models to misinterpret it as a dataset due to the language typically associated with data sources, such as mentioning it alongside processes and advancements in public financial management. However, the context makes it clear that it is more about system functionality and progress than providing direct access to a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'GFMIS' in this context behaves as an application or tool rather than a dataset, as it is noted to be a financial management information system intended for managing budget processes, not a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 65, + "text": "There has been significant progress in Jordan \u2019 s public FM where it has been able to: ( i ) improve its budget process through implementing a results based budget for the year 2008; ( ii ) advance the full implementation of a single treasury account with the Central Bank; and ( iii ) modernize the spending procedures and accounting through adopting a new chart of account and developing the GFMIS for implementation by the MoF, government departments and other spending units. So far, the GFMIS is still a work in progress and most of the ministries ( including MoE and GBD ) still do not have an accounting and reporting system in place that can be used for reporting on the project accounts. In addition, Jordan \u2019 s Corruption Perceived Index ( CPI ) as per Transparency International has improved from 4. 7 in 2007 to 5. 1 in 2008, ranking Jordan 5 / 20 regionally and 41 / 180 internationally. 9. The Project will be implemented through opening budget lines under MoE ( for counterpart funds ) and MoPIC ( for the Bank loan ) and funds will be allocated accordingly. MoE has already opened a budget line under its 2009 budget. 10. Project FM Risk. MoE and GBD \u2019 s FM arrangements were assessed based on the World Bank \u2019 s FM Guidelines, to determine if the FM arrangements for the Project are acceptable to the World Bank. Detailed FM questionnaires were completed for MoE and GBD and are included in the Project \u2019 s files. The risks identified and the mitigating measures addressing theses risks are detailed in the table below: 4 The Institutional Financial Management Assessment ( IFMCA ) for the Education and Social Sectors \u2013 June 2006.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 492, + 497, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There has been significant progress in Jordan \u2019 s public FM where it has been able to: ( i ) improve its budget process through implementing a results based budget for the year 2008; ( ii ) advance the full implementation of a single treasury account with the Central Bank; and ( iii ) modernize the spending procedures and accounting through adopting a new chart of account and developing the GFMIS for implementation by the MoF, government departments and other spending units. So far, the GFMIS is still a work in progress and most of the ministries ( including MoE and GBD ) still do not have an accounting and reporting system in place that can be used for reporting on the project accounts. In addition, Jordan \u2019 s Corruption Perceived Index ( CPI ) as per Transparency International has improved from 4.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "GFMIS refers to a financial management information system, which is a tool or application rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a financial management information system", + "described as a tool being developed", + "not stated as a concrete data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, GFMIS is clearly described as a financial management information system being developed for use by various government departments. The phrasing indicates that it is more of a tool or infrastructure rather than a dataset itself. The mention of it being 'a work in progress' and the overall context suggests that while it may contain data, it is not being treated as a discrete dataset for the purposes of analysis. Additionally, the surrounding text focuses on its role in improving public financial management rather than presenting it as a source of structured data. The confusion may arise from the fact that GFMIS is capitalized, and it follows phrases that could imply data usage, but these phrases refer to the system's function and not its direct utilization as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GFMIS is not considered a dataset in this context because it refers to a management information system, which serves as a tool for financial management rather than a discrete collection of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 88, + "text": "There was a marked change in the 1999 Third International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ), where out of 38 countries, Jordan finished ahead of six ( Iran, Indonesia, Chile, Philippines, Morocco and South Africa ) in mathematics and ahead of eight ( Iran, Indonesia, Turkey, Tunisia, Chile, Philippines, Morocco and South Africa ) in science \u2013 although TIMSS is not strictly comparable to IEA. Jordan demonstrated continued improvements in quality as evidenced in 2003, where its TIMSS science scores improved to 475 from 450 in 1999, an increase of 25 points, or 0. 25 standard deviations, which is a significant increase, equivalent to about a whole year of learning. In 2007, Jordan continued to improve, surpassing several countries which had a similar or slightly higher performance in 1999. In fact, between 1999 and 2007, no other country improved as much in science as did Jordan ( Figure 3 ). Zimbabwe Zambia Yemen, Rep. Vietnam Venezuela, RB Vanuatu Uzbekistan Uruguay United States Uganda Trinidad and Tobago Tonga Thailand Tajikistan Switzerland Sweden St. Lucia Spain Slovenia Sierra Leone Saudi Arabia Russian Federation Philippines Peru Paraguay Panama Oman Norway Niger Nicaragua New Zealand Netherlands Nepal Morocco Mongolia Moldova Mexico Mali Malaysia Malawi Macao, China Luxembourg Lesotho Latvia Lao PDR Kyrgyz Republic Korea, Rep.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 38, + 87, + "named" + ], + [ + 33, + 37, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> reference year" + ], + [ + 90, + 95, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> acronym" + ], + [ + 126, + 132, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 181, + 192, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 206, + 218, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 311, + 318, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 401, + 407, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 471, + 475, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 487, + 492, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> acronym" + ], + [ + 493, + 507, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data description" + ], + [ + 536, + 540, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> reference year" + ], + [ + 686, + 692, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 888, + 894, + "Third International Mathematics and Science Study <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There was a marked change in the 1999 Third International Mathematics and Science Study ( TIMSS ), where out of 38 countries, Jordan finished ahead of six ( Iran, Indonesia, Chile, Philippines, Morocco and South Africa ) in mathematics and ahead of eight ( Iran, Indonesia, Turkey, Tunisia, Chile, Philippines, Morocco and South Africa ) in science \u2013 although TIMSS is not strictly comparable to IEA. Jordan demonstrated continued improvements in quality as evidenced in 2003, where its TIMSS science scores improved to 475 from 450 in 1999, an increase of 25 points, or 0.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in educational performance across countries.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described with specific numerical results", + "project or study designed specifically to collect educational data", + "evidenced by references to structured scores and comparisons" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Third International Mathematics and Science Study' is referenced in relation to specific metrics related to educational performance across multiple countries. The analysis explicitly includes numerical data points such as scores and rankings, which indicates that this study is indeed treated as a source of quantitative data. The phrase 'where its TIMSS science scores improved' suggests that TIMSS produces concrete outcomes that are analyzed, aligning it closely with the concept of a dataset in educational research. While TIMSS can also be viewed as a project aimed at educational research, the excerpt emphasizes its role as a structured collection of data that generates measurable outputs, which strengthens its classification as a dataset. Potential confusion could arise from labelling TIMSS as a 'study' or 'project'; however, the context of this mention points clearly to its empirical, data-driven results.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the Third International Mathematics and Science Study behaves as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced with measurable educational performance metrics, providing quantitative data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 90, + "text": "85 7. Nevertheless, analysis of recent PISA results ( World Bank, 2008 ) 6 indicate that given its endowments ( such as school, student, and household characteristics ), Jordan should likely be performing even better in terms of cognitive skill development. By Jordan \u2019 s own internal assessment systems, there is significant need for quality enhancing reforms. Pass rates on the general secondary certificate GSC ( essentially the secondary school exit exam also known as the Tawjihi ) are quite low ( about 55 percent of regular track students and under 35 percent of students from \u201c irregular \u201d tracks ), as are results on Jordan \u2019 s own national achievement tests which indicate the majority of 8th and 10th grade students are not proficient in any of the subjects ( Science, Math, English, and Arabic. ) In addition, the Tawjihi, like many exams of its kind, does not measure the same kinds of cognitive skills as does PISA, and therefore it creates a strong incentive against education quality. ERfKE II directly addresses this need to transform the exams, and it is not insignificant that increasing scores on school, national, and international assessments is the first ERfKE II project development objective and key indicator, before completion rates and enrolment rates.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 39, + 43, + "named" + ], + [ + 54, + 64, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 66, + 70, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 170, + 176, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 261, + 267, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 626, + 632, + "PISA <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "85 7. Nevertheless, analysis of recent PISA results ( World Bank, 2008 ) 6 indicate that given its endowments ( such as school, student, and household characteristics ), Jordan should likely be performing even better in terms of cognitive skill development. By Jordan \u2019 s own internal assessment systems, there is significant need for quality enhancing reforms.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by measuring 15-year-old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as measuring student performance", + "analysis refers to recent PISA results" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'PISA' in this context specifically refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is widely recognized as a dataset used to evaluate student performance globally. The phrase 'analysis of recent PISA results' suggests direct use of the collected data for analytical purposes. The mention of endowments and performance indicators further supports the interpretation of PISA as a dataset, as it implies the existence of structured records pertaining to educational assessment. There could be confusion for a model due to PISA also being seen as a program or initiative; however, in the context provided, it explicitly serves as the source of data for the analysis presented. Therefore, while it has project-like characteristics, its primary function in this instance is as a dataset used for analytical evaluations.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' should be considered a dataset because it refers specifically to the results of a standardized assessment that is used for analysis, indicating that it fulfills the role of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 90, + "text": "85 7. Nevertheless, analysis of recent PISA results ( World Bank, 2008 ) 6 indicate that given its endowments ( such as school, student, and household characteristics ), Jordan should likely be performing even better in terms of cognitive skill development. By Jordan \u2019 s own internal assessment systems, there is significant need for quality enhancing reforms. Pass rates on the general secondary certificate GSC ( essentially the secondary school exit exam also known as the Tawjihi ) are quite low ( about 55 percent of regular track students and under 35 percent of students from \u201c irregular \u201d tracks ), as are results on Jordan \u2019 s own national achievement tests which indicate the majority of 8th and 10th grade students are not proficient in any of the subjects ( Science, Math, English, and Arabic. ) In addition, the Tawjihi, like many exams of its kind, does not measure the same kinds of cognitive skills as does PISA, and therefore it creates a strong incentive against education quality. ERfKE II directly addresses this need to transform the exams, and it is not insignificant that increasing scores on school, national, and international assessments is the first ERfKE II project development objective and key indicator, before completion rates and enrolment rates.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 924, + 928, + "named" + ], + [ + 54, + 64, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 66, + 70, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 170, + 176, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 261, + 267, + "PISA <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Pass rates on the general secondary certificate GSC ( essentially the secondary school exit exam also known as the Tawjihi ) are quite low ( about 55 percent of regular track students and under 35 percent of students from \u201c irregular \u201d tracks ), as are results on Jordan \u2019 s own national achievement tests which indicate the majority of 8th and 10th grade students are not proficient in any of the subjects ( Science, Math, English, and Arabic. ) In addition, the Tawjihi, like many exams of its kind, does not measure the same kinds of cognitive skills as does PISA, and therefore it creates a strong incentive against education quality. ERfKE II directly addresses this need to transform the exams, and it is not insignificant that increasing scores on school, national, and international assessments is the first ERfKE II project development objective and key indicator, before completion rates and enrolment rates.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset that evaluates educational systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of educational assessments", + "compared to other testing formats", + "described as measuring cognitive skills", + "implied as a source of data for evaluating educational quality" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which indeed functions as a dataset evaluating educational systems through standardized tests for students. The context discusses educational assessments and highlights the cognitive measuring aspect of PISA, distinguishing it from other assessments like the Tawjihi. Although the term is part of a broader conversation on educational improvement and is indirectly associated with program objectives, it is clearly treated as a source of data from which assessments are made. The model likely flagged it as a dataset due to its prominence as an international metric for education quality and because it appears in an analytical context regarding results. Factors that could cause confusion might include the presence of similarly structured phrases around other systems or programs, but the specific mention of PISA points to it being recognized largely in a dataset capacity here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, PISA is treated as a dataset because it is referenced in relation to educational assessments and measurements of cognitive skills, clearly affirmed in the analysis context." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 90, + "text": "While there appears to be little differential for those completing primary schooling, this may be due to the fact that the Jordanian system defines primary schooling differently from the international standards used in the surveys upon which Figure 4 is based. In fact, the figure for completing preparatory schooling is quite possibly most accurately interpreted in Jordan as completing \u201c basic education \u201d ( up to approximately age 15 ), especially since enrollment rates are so high ( essentially universal ) and dropout rates so low in primary schooling. 10. Those with vocational education earn hardly any more than those who can only read and write, as found in previous studies ( e. g., ERfKE I PAD ) indicating that the returns to vocational education are particularly low. This speaks to the clear need to improve the quality of vocational education in Jordan, as 6 \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle-East and North Africa Region, \u201d HDNED. 7 For whatever reason, the research has tended to focus on institutional aspects and components that, it is claimed, tentatively appear to hold promise for improving quality: Centralized exams, Accountability, Choice, School autonomy, Performance incentives, Supply side interventions, and Demand side interventions, teacher preparation and training, to name a few. Each of these strategies or policies may hold promise, but the evidence thus far is not universally compelling and in and of themselves they provide few useful insights for policymakers looking to design reforms likely to improve classroom practices that will improve learning. 8 Note that one would normally do the comparison compared to illiterates; however, the household survey did not capture any illiterates and thus we are unable to perform that comparison. Later, we consider the implications given our best guess as to what accurate data on wages for illiterates would tell us.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 883, + 887, + "named" + ], + [ + 367, + 373, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 938, + 973, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 977, + 982, + "PISA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ", ERfKE I PAD ) indicating that the returns to vocational education are particularly low. This speaks to the clear need to improve the quality of vocational education in Jordan, as 6 \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle-East and North Africa Region, \u201d HDNED. 7 For whatever reason, the research has tended to focus on institutional aspects and components that, it is claimed, tentatively appear to hold promise for improving quality: Centralized exams, Accountability, Choice, School autonomy, Performance incentives, Supply side interventions, and Demand side interventions, teacher preparation and training, to name a few.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a survey that assesses the knowledge and skills of 15-year-old students worldwide, making it a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'uses PISA to understand'", + "mentioned explicitly as a measure of learning", + "clearly refers to an assessment methodology with data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is mentioned in conjunction with the analysis of vocational education, specifically stating, 'Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning.' This clear reference indicates that PISA is being used as a tool to analyze data on student learning outcomes. While PISA might have project-like aspects or be associated with an organization conducting research, here it is directly treated as a structured collection of data and insights regarding educational performance. The model may have perceived it as a dataset due to its established use in educational analysis and the phraseology around its application. However, considering that it is widely recognized as a systematic assessment with quantifiable results, it solidifies its designation as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, PISA is treated as a dataset because it directly refers to an assessment framework that provides structured data on student performance, making it applicable for analysis within the document context." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 93, + "text": "However, as part of the development of the ERfKE II program, the MoE with the support of the Bank, commissioned a series of eight very detailed preparation studies that, along with other analytic work at the Bank, provide considerable insights into the potential value-added and returns from the various components of the ERfKE program components. The analysis concentrated on findings from three preparation studies and one piece of Bank analytic work in particular: Education Finance ( Georgina Rawle, 2008 ); School Planning ( Bruno Parolin, 2008 ); Teacher Utilization ( Rawlinson and Allak, 2008 ); and \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle-East and North Africa Region, \u201d ( World Bank, HDNED, 2008 ). 12 Investing in Non-personnel Recurrent Expenditures likely to Enhance Quality 17. Component 3 is the second largest of the five ERfKE II program components ( about US $ 50 million ) as well as a component with aspects clearly related to the improvement of education quality in a manner supported by both the international literature on investing in education quality and the assessment, albeit suggestive, by Rawle ( 2008 ) for Jordan. As Rawle ( 2008: 42 ) discusses, Jordan \u2019 s share of recurrent educational expenditure dedicated to personnel and salaries, while falling, is still high ( compared, for example, to the OECD average of 20 percent ). Recurrent expenditure overall is also low compared to infrastructure investment. Table 3 shows that across all education programs and levels personnel expenses ( mostly salaries ) account for about 14 percent of total recurrent spending, less than half of which is devoted explicitly to quality related activities. Component 3 focuses on Teaching and 12 To a lesser extent, we used the preparation studies on Decentralization, Pre-Service Teacher Training, Vocational Education Reform; and Early Childhood Education.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 616, + 620, + "named" + ], + [ + 488, + 502, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 504, + 508, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 530, + 543, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 575, + 594, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 671, + 706, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 712, + 722, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 731, + 735, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However, as part of the development of the ERfKE II program, the MoE with the support of the Bank, commissioned a series of eight very detailed preparation studies that, along with other analytic work at the Bank, provide considerable insights into the potential value-added and returns from the various components of the ERfKE program components. The analysis concentrated on findings from three preparation studies and one piece of Bank analytic work in particular: Education Finance ( Georgina Rawle, 2008 ); School Planning ( Bruno Parolin, 2008 ); Teacher Utilization ( Rawlinson and Allak, 2008 ); and \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle-East and North Africa Region, \u201d ( World Bank, HDNED, 2008 ). 12 Investing in Non-personnel Recurrent Expenditures likely to Enhance Quality 17.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by measuring 15-year-old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "uses data from PISA", + "mentioned as an analytic source", + "explicitly named as a program for assessment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' is invoked in relation to educational data and its application to analyze learning determinants. The phrase 'using PISA to understand...' indicates that it serves as a data source utilized for research purposes. Although PISA is also notably a program and an assessment framework, in this text, it is explicitly functioning as a dataset because the discussion centers on the outputs and insights derived from it. Therefore, it is relevant as a structured collection of data concerning educational assessments, which aligns with the understanding of a dataset. The model may have perceived it as ambiguous since PISA is both a recognizable program (like a project) and a dataset; however, the explicit usage indicates that it is indeed serving as a dataset in this analysis. This duality can confuse models if they treat any name that functions similarly as a project or system without considering the specific context of how it is referenced.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, PISA is appropriately treated as a dataset because it is directly referenced as a source of data for analysis, particularly relating to educational assessments." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 96, + "text": "For instance, in estimates of the determinants of the most recent PISA scores in Jordan World Bank ( HDNED, 2008 ) finds a significant and positive association with the number of hours of instruction in a subject. In fact, the effect appears to be relatively large ( e. g., regression coefficients on the order of 8. 5 to 10 points per hour ). These results are robust with respect to different model estimations, comparisons of high and low achieving students, and probability of students achieving at a higher proficiency level \u2014 in most cases for Math, Reading, and Science. 24. One of the stated goals of the ERfKE II reforms is to eliminate double shifting. Eliminating double-shifting is popular with policy makers and some education analysts, but given that it involves lowering the overall use of infrastructure investments rather than raising them, it is often difficult analytically to make an economic case since sufficient outcome data are not usually available. However, we can deduce from Parolin \u2019 s ( 2008 ) school planning study that eliminating double shifting can add about 4 hours per week of instruction. 13 In addition, we can isolate the costs of eliminating double shifting.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 66, + 70, + "named" + ], + [ + 108, + 112, + "PISA <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1003, + 1010, + "PISA <> author" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1021, + "PISA <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For instance, in estimates of the determinants of the most recent PISA scores in Jordan World Bank ( HDNED, 2008 ) finds a significant and positive association with the number of hours of instruction in a subject. In fact, the effect appears to be relatively large ( e.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by assessing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as assessing skills and knowledge", + "cited in reference to data on student performance", + "mentioned alongside quantitative estimates" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a standardized assessment used globally to measure educational outcomes among 15-year-old students. The term appears in a sentence discussing previous findings related to PISA scores\u2014teaching hours and their significant association with those scores. This indicates that PISA is not merely a project or a system; it has an established method for collecting and reporting data, making it a concrete dataset in this context. The model might have initially been confused because 'PISA' can refer to the overarching programme or initiative, but the evidence suggests it\u2019s being used here to denote the dataset derived from assessments. There\u2019s a risk of misunderstanding because the distinction between a project name and a structured data source can be subtle, yet the contextual clues strongly point towards it functioning as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'PISA' clearly behaves as a dataset as it refers to the structured collection of assessment data on student performance, evidenced by its use in empirical analysis concerning student outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 96, + "text": "ERfKE II allocates approximately US $ 25 million to such efforts, which is clearly likely to be worthwhile and pay for itself through lower cost for major rehabilitation in the future, not to mention the potential ( if immeasurable ) positive effects on learning from fostering a positive, safe, and comfortable learning environment. 14 13 Conceivably these could be used at least to add an hour each of instruction in the three PISA subjects \u2014 Reading, Math, and Science \u2014 especially given the MoE \u2019 s goal to improve teacher utilization and increase teacher work loads. 14 Similarly, the JD3. 65 Million to replace or repair unsafe buildings does not require sophisticated cost-benefit analysis to know that it is a worthwhile investment. Of course this is a small amount of funds but it is over 1 percent of the total program.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 429, + 433, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ERfKE II allocates approximately US $ 25 million to such efforts, which is clearly likely to be worthwhile and pay for itself through lower cost for major rehabilitation in the future, not to mention the potential ( if immeasurable ) positive effects on learning from fostering a positive, safe, and comfortable learning environment. 14 13 Conceivably these could be used at least to add an hour each of instruction in the three PISA subjects \u2014 Reading, Math, and Science \u2014 especially given the MoE \u2019 s goal to improve teacher utilization and increase teacher work loads. 14 Similarly, the JD3.", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is a dataset used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by measuring 15-year-old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as pertaining to Reading, Math, and Science subjects", + "suggested use of PISA scores for pedagogical improvements", + "this refers specifically to an established assessment initiative focusing on educational outcomes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers specifically to the Programme for International Student Assessment, known for its structured data on student performance across various subjects internationally. The phrases surrounding this term indicate its application in enhancing educational methods and teacher efficacy, which aligns with its usage as a dataset to measure and evaluate educational outcomes. Although it may appear as part of educational projects, it functions primarily as a dataset providing crucial data about student performance. The model might consider the term as a dataset because it closely follows discussions on educational metrics and outcomes but could confuse it with a broader educational initiative if not properly contextualized. Here, however, it is explicit that it relates to measurable subjects in education, marking it clearly as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is properly recognized as a dataset since it refers to a standardized assessment that generates concrete statistical data for analysis of student performance in education." + }, + { + "filename": "152_468240PAD0P105101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 101, + "text": "Do Students Care about School Quality? Determinants of Dropout Behaviour in Developing Countries, NBER Working Paper Series,, NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES, WORKING PAPER 12737 Hanushek, Eric A. and Ludger Woessmann ( 2007 ). THE ROLE OF SCHOOL IMPROVEMENT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES, Working Paper 12832 Spence, Michael ( 2005 ) \u201c Rethinking growth. \u201d The World Bank, Keynote address, Poverty Reduction and Economic Management ( PREM ) Conference, PREM Week, available at http: / / info. worldbank. org / etools / BSPAN / PresentationView. asp? PID = 1425 & EID = 711 ( accessed 1 / 7 / 09 ) Murnane, Richard J., John B. Willett, Yves Duhaldeborde, and John H. Tyler ( 2000 ). \" How Important Are the Cognitive Skills of Teenagers in Predicting Subsequent Earnings? \" Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 19, No. 4 ( Fall ), pp. 547. Tognolini, Jim ( 2006 ) Ways in Which the Effectiveness of the National Assessments and the National Final Examinations ( Tawjihi ) Might be Enhanced. Report prepared by the Australian Council for Educational Research ( ACER ) for the Ministry of Education of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. UNESCO ( 2007 ). Global Monitoring Report. Paris: UNESCO World Bank ( 2002 ). Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: Cost Efficiency and Education Spending, Human Development Group, MENA. World Bank ( 2007 ) Arab Republic of Egypt \u2014 Improving Quality, Equality, and Efficiency in the Education Sector: Fostering a Competent Generation of Youth, Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region World Bank, ( HDNED, 2008 ) \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle - East and North Africa Region, \u201d The World Bank, HDNED", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1591, + 1595, + "named" + ], + [ + 377, + 387, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 742, + 751, + "PISA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1337, + 1347, + "PISA <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1357, + 1379, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1519, + 1554, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1646, + 1683, + "PISA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1691, + 1701, + "PISA <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: Cost Efficiency and Education Spending, Human Development Group, MENA. World Bank ( 2007 ) Arab Republic of Egypt \u2014 Improving Quality, Equality, and Efficiency in the Education Sector: Fostering a Competent Generation of Youth, Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region World Bank, ( HDNED, 2008 ) \u201c Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning in the Middle - East and North Africa Region, \u201d The World Bank, HDNED", + "type": "assessment", + "explanation": "PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) is a structured collection of data used to evaluate educational systems worldwide by measuring 15-year-old students' reading, mathematics, and science literacy.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as 'Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning'", + "PISA is known as a structured evaluation of educational systems", + "follows a context regarding educational assessments" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PISA' refers to the Programme for International Student Assessment, which is indeed recognized globally as a robust dataset designed to assess the educational performance of students. The phrase 'Using PISA to Understand the Determinants of Learning' directly indicates that PISA is being employed as a source of data for analysis. Additionally, the mention of World Bank reports positions PISA in a context where data-related discussions are taking place, thereby reinforcing its identity as a dataset. Potential confusion arises because PISA could also be interpreted as a project's name or reference to a broader educational assessment program; however, the explicit usage and context strongly affirm its purpose as a dataset in this instance. Therefore, I conclude that PISA is appropriately recognized as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "PISA is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referred to as a data source for understanding educational determinants, aligning with its established purpose as a structured evaluation of education systems." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 3, + "text": "Policy Framework Steering Committee Strategic Environmental Assessment Socio-Environmental Impact Assessment Social and Environmental Management Plan Sweden International Development Agency Systbme d \u2019 information de gestion forestibre ( Integrated Forest Data Management System ) Statement of Expenditure Service permanent d \u2019 inventaire et d \u2019 amknagement forestibre ( Permanent service of forest inventory and installation ) i v", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 238, + 278, + "named" + ], + [ + 157, + 189, + "Integrated Forest Data Management System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Policy Framework Steering Committee Strategic Environmental Assessment Socio-Environmental Impact Assessment Social and Environmental Management Plan Sweden International Development Agency Systbme d \u2019 information de gestion forestibre ( Integrated Forest Data Management System ) Statement of Expenditure Service permanent d \u2019 inventaire et d \u2019 amknagement forestibre ( Permanent service of forest inventory and installation ) i v", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to forest management, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list of terms with no clear identification as a data source", + "described as a management information system that potentially stores records", + "not referenced with phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Integrated Forest Data Management System' seems to refer more to a management information system designed to handle data related to forest management as opposed to being a concrete dataset itself. The presence of other terms like 'Statement of Expenditure' and 'Permanent service of forest inventory' alongside it suggests that this is part of a broader framework of projects or systems. The lack of direct phrases that indicate its use as a data source (like 'uses data from') reinforces the point that this term is likely more about infrastructure rather than a dataset. The model may have confused this mention for a dataset because it has 'data management' in its name, implying a role in data collection or curation, and it was also presented alongside other terms without clear delineation as a data source, which might lead to ambiguity about its specific function.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Integrated Forest Data Management System' is not treated as a dataset but as a management information system, primarily based on the lack of explicit context indicating it as a data source and its role within a list of various systems." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 33, + "text": "procurement decisions that are proposed by CU. Its functions will be specified in the Project Implementation Manual. C. Monitoring and evaluation of outcomeshesults 79. The monitoring system has been designed to maximize the synergy with other data monitoring efforts and makes it possible to assess progress by observing changes in parameters accessible from outside the project structure. To this end, the system will build upon biodiversity, and socioeconomic baselines established by all agencies having worked in the project area and establish strong links with the WRI DRC Forest Atlas, the CARPE monitoring system and other efforts such as those supported by WWF and IUCN ( International Union for the Conservation of Nature ). Collaboration with these organizations will be framed through memoranda of understanding or other suitable formal agreements. By helping MECNT access, analyze, and store information, images and data, the project will help build long-term monitoring capacity in the ministry and strengthen its currently tenuous links with the social and environmental monitoring efforts o f foreign assistance organizations ( more in Annex 3 ). 80. In collaboration with the CU, project indicators will be compiled and analyzed by the Direction des Etudes et Planification ( DEP ) in MECNT.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 571, + 591, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The monitoring system has been designed to maximize the synergy with other data monitoring efforts and makes it possible to assess progress by observing changes in parameters accessible from outside the project structure. To this end, the system will build upon biodiversity, and socioeconomic baselines established by all agencies having worked in the project area and establish strong links with the WRI DRC Forest Atlas, the CARPE monitoring system and other efforts such as those supported by WWF and IUCN ( International Union for the Conservation of Nature ). Collaboration with these organizations will be framed through memoranda of understanding or other suitable formal agreements.", + "type": "atlas", + "explanation": "The WRI DRC Forest Atlas is a structured collection of data related to forest monitoring in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside various monitoring efforts", + "linked with other systems and projects like CARPE and WWF", + "lacks explicit mention as a primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'WRI DRC Forest Atlas' is referenced as part of a broader ecosystem of monitoring efforts rather than being isolated as a distinct dataset. The text discusses it in relation to collaboration among various organizations and systems, placing it more as a component of comprehensive monitoring rather than as a standalone dataset. This might confuse a model into thinking it is a dataset due to its capitalized nature and potential implications that it contains structured data. However, because it is not defined as the primary source of data for any analysis or findings in the context provided, and appears to be more of a project or system that contributes to data monitoring, it does not meet the criteria of a concrete dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'WRI DRC Forest Atlas' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it functions as part of a coalition of monitoring efforts, rather than a standalone source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 33, + "text": "procurement decisions that are proposed by CU. Its functions will be specified in the Project Implementation Manual. C. Monitoring and evaluation of outcomeshesults 79. The monitoring system has been designed to maximize the synergy with other data monitoring efforts and makes it possible to assess progress by observing changes in parameters accessible from outside the project structure. To this end, the system will build upon biodiversity, and socioeconomic baselines established by all agencies having worked in the project area and establish strong links with the WRI DRC Forest Atlas, the CARPE monitoring system and other efforts such as those supported by WWF and IUCN ( International Union for the Conservation of Nature ). Collaboration with these organizations will be framed through memoranda of understanding or other suitable formal agreements. By helping MECNT access, analyze, and store information, images and data, the project will help build long-term monitoring capacity in the ministry and strengthen its currently tenuous links with the social and environmental monitoring efforts o f foreign assistance organizations ( more in Annex 3 ). 80. In collaboration with the CU, project indicators will be compiled and analyzed by the Direction des Etudes et Planification ( DEP ) in MECNT.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 597, + 620, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The monitoring system has been designed to maximize the synergy with other data monitoring efforts and makes it possible to assess progress by observing changes in parameters accessible from outside the project structure. To this end, the system will build upon biodiversity, and socioeconomic baselines established by all agencies having worked in the project area and establish strong links with the WRI DRC Forest Atlas, the CARPE monitoring system and other efforts such as those supported by WWF and IUCN ( International Union for the Conservation of Nature ). Collaboration with these organizations will be framed through memoranda of understanding or other suitable formal agreements.", + "type": "monitoring system", + "explanation": "The CARPE monitoring system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of environmental and socioeconomic parameters.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a monitoring system", + "described along with other organizations and efforts", + "not explicitly referenced as the main data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'CARPE monitoring system' is presented as part of a collective effort among various organizations to assess biodiversity and socioeconomic parameters. It is referred to as a 'monitoring system,' which indicates it might be more of a framework or tool for data monitoring rather than a standalone dataset. The text suggests that it builds upon existing baselines and works in conjunction with other systems and organizations, indicating that it serves more as an infrastructure to facilitate monitoring activities rather than as a concrete dataset in itself. This could lead models to mistakenly extract it as a dataset because it is capitalized and framed in a technical context, but the absence of an explicit statement of it being the primary data source in the analysis clarifies its role. The primary confusion may stem from a lack of emphasis on whether it's a project or a dataset, combined with the model's inclination to capture structured terms that visually resemble datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'CARPE monitoring system' is not treated as a dataset in this context but as a collaborative framework or tool for monitoring. It integrates efforts across multiple organizations rather than serving as a singular data source." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 33, + "text": "The DEP will build upon and create connections among socio - economic and ecological data made available through various development and scientific efforts that are taking place in the country and the project area. Indicators related to capacity building will be integrated into an overall planning, monitoring and evaluation system ( SPSE ) maintained by the DEP. Specialized forest management and forest product tracking systems, as well as data related to participatory zoning will be maintained and made available through the Forest Inventory and Management Service ( SPIAF ) of the MECNT. 81. Most baselines for tracking progress have been produced within current development efforts that the project will build upon, collaborate with, or finance directly. These baselines are presented in Annex 3. New, original baselines for parameters such as sources of income or rural and indigenous peoples ' knowledge of the Forest Code will be obtained through new, project-funded baseline studies. These studies will be conducted in the first year and repeated sampling will be done over the life of the project. 82. The set of project indicators will serve a dual purpose. They will give project managers information useful for adaptive management, and they will give policy makers clear benchmarks for evaluating the project ' s effectiveness. Output and process indicators will include among others: ( i ) statistics on office rehabilitation, equipment, and staff training at central and field offices; ( ii ) remote-sensing-based statistics on deforestation, illegal logging, and land-use changes; ( iii ) statistics on water sanitation, feeder roads, and other small participatory infrastructure projects implemented with project financing; ( iv ) trends in the abundance of key bioindicator species; ( v ) number and area covered by various types of forest land management plans \" plans agreed upon by MECNT and other l1 Timber concessions, community forests, protected areas, conservation concessions, community hunting zones, and others. 21", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 530, + 569, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Indicators related to capacity building will be integrated into an overall planning, monitoring and evaluation system ( SPSE ) maintained by the DEP. Specialized forest management and forest product tracking systems, as well as data related to participatory zoning will be maintained and made available through the Forest Inventory and Management Service ( SPIAF ) of the MECNT. 81.", + "type": "service", + "explanation": "The Forest Inventory and Management Service refers to a service or organization rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a service", + "mentioned in relation to systems tracking forest management", + "context suggests a service rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Forest Inventory and Management Service' is presented in the context of a planning, monitoring, and evaluation system managed by an organization (DEP) rather than being explicitly described as a dataset. Even though it comes after a mention of maintaining data systems, the phrasing makes it clear that it is a service that likely coordinates or facilitates data rather than operating as its own dataset. The model might have confused this due to the capitalization and the formal-sounding title, which typically indicates a proper noun, alongside its proximity to data-related phrases. Importantly, it does not explicitly state that it contains datasets or structured records. Hence, while it plays a vital role in managing information, it does not function as a direct source of data in the analytical sense.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Forest Inventory and Management Service' refers to an organizational service rather than a standalone dataset; it supports data management but is not itself a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 60, + "text": "The C U will include an internationally recruited Monitoring and Evaluation Expert, supported by one nationally recruited specialist. The C U will work with the DEP relevant technical departments to evaluate the technical content o f workplans proposed by MOD contractors and review progress reports to adequate information i s collected to feed into the project \u2019 s monitoring system. The chart in the following page depicts these arrangements 8. DEP itself i s a target o f project capacity building initiatives to be used for training, equipment, and site visits. The C U will share results and their reports with DEP to build on efforts to standardize and harmonize planning and evaluation within the Ministry. Sharing project indicator data collection with DEP will allow project indicators to be integrated into DEP \u2019 s SystBme de planzjkation et de suivi e \u2018 valuation ( SPSE ). A liaison in DGF will reinforce the CU \u2019 s capacity to evaluate the technical aspects o f NGO workplans and provide feedback to them and other contractors, as well as supply information related from the forest management information system ( SIGEF ). 48", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1089, + 1125, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sharing project indicator data collection with DEP will allow project indicators to be integrated into DEP \u2019 s SystBme de planzjkation et de suivi e \u2018 valuation ( SPSE ). A liaison in DGF will reinforce the CU \u2019 s capacity to evaluate the technical aspects o f NGO workplans and provide feedback to them and other contractors, as well as supply information related from the forest management information system ( SIGEF ). 48", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to forest management, which is used for analysis and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "follows \u2018related from the forest management information system\u2019", + "not indicated as containing structured data for analysis directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'forest management information system' is clearly identified as a management information system (MIS) and not as a dataset. The phrasing suggests that it is an overarching system that may contain data instead of being a structured dataset itself. The context does not mention specific data points or records retrieved from this system, but rather refers to it in relation to providing information overall. This signals to me that the framework's mention does not directly imply it is the source of structured analysis-ready data but simply a tool for data management. The model could have been confused due to the term being capitalized and potentially referenced as a primary data-related entity. However, the lack of specific data context and the nature of the wording clearly categorize it as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'forest management information system' serves as a descriptor of an overarching infrastructure designed for data management rather than identifying a specific dataset. In this context, it is more accurate to view it as a system that facilitates information management rather than as a direct source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 62, + "text": "10. System Users will include MECNT, as well as the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Planning. These ministries will utilize project reports to assess program implementation and implement adaptive management. Additional system users include: Ministry of Finance Ministry of Planning Provincial delegations Local and international NGOs Private enterprises Civil Society Donors Congo Basin Forest Partnership \u2019 s State of the Forest Report Observatoire des Forits d \u2019 Afiique Centrale ( OFAC ) Data 1 1. Baseline Data: Where available, baseline data has been collected for the project. The abundance of indicator species i s based on the 2009 baseline established for the State of the Forest Report, which i s anticipated to be published in 2009 \u201d. Baselines for knowledge of forest rights and income in targeted rural areas will be established in the first year of the program with the help of the monitoring and evaluation expertise. 12. found. The same sources will be used routinely to avoid inconsistencies and misinterpretations. Data Sources: The monitoring tables, below, indicate where the data for each indicator will be 13. Data Collection: Primary and secondary data will be recorded according to their specified formats at the central and provincial levels. Where possible, this data will be cross-referenced annually with a data gathering homologue, either within the Ministry or an external agency, to ensure accuracy.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 677, + 703, + "named" + ], + [ + 541, + 554, + "State of the Forest Report <> data type" + ], + [ + 643, + 647, + "State of the Forest Report <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline Data: Where available, baseline data has been collected for the project. The abundance of indicator species i s based on the 2009 baseline established for the State of the Forest Report, which i s anticipated to be published in 2009 \u201d. Baselines for knowledge of forest rights and income in targeted rural areas will be established in the first year of the program with the help of the monitoring and evaluation expertise.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The State of the Forest Report is a structured collection of data related to forest conditions and indicators, used for assessment and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a baseline for a project", + "not presented as a data source", + "referred to as a report rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'State of the Forest Report' is referenced in relation to baseline data for a project, indicating that it's more about the assessment framework or results rather than being an actionable dataset itself. The phrasing suggests it provides insights or summaries of forest conditions, rather than functioning as a structured collection of records or data to be directly utilized for analysis. The highlights include its mention as a published report anticipated for 2009, which leans more towards a documentation role rather than that of a data repository or dataset. This could confuse models because the wording may infer it is tied to data, but the essence captured here is that it's a report providing findings or statistics related to the project rather than a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "While the 'State of the Forest Report' relates to forest data, it represents a documented assessment rather than functioning as a standalone dataset, as it is more about summarizing findings than hosting structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 76, + "text": "Creation of a New Sector Specific Data Management Systems ( UW3. 2 million ) 23. In the absence o f an integrated system for managing forest resource information, it i s difficult for MECNT to make informed decisions, elaborate policies, and manage the forest sector. To remedy this situation, MECNT will develop an integrated system for the management o f forest resources,: ( i ) a geospatial information management system ( SyGIS ), including an interactive forestry atlas updated regularly to allow monitoring, especially o f forest title limits and logging roads; and ( ii ) a forest management information system ( SIGEF ) based on a sub-system o f forest accounting, which collects financial data linked to the forest sector, and a sub-system o f physical log tracking, which physically validates data collected on the ground as well as the enforcement of regulations. 24. To achieve this, the project will support: ( i ) a team o f international and national experts specialized in conceiving, experimenting, and deploying the two systems on the ground; ( ii ) information seminars and workshops; ( iii ) provision o f office equipment, furniture, and logistics; and ( iv ) operational 64", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 427, + 432, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In the absence o f an integrated system for managing forest resource information, it i s difficult for MECNT to make informed decisions, elaborate policies, and manage the forest sector. To remedy this situation, MECNT will develop an integrated system for the management o f forest resources,: ( i ) a geospatial information management system ( SyGIS ), including an interactive forestry atlas updated regularly to allow monitoring, especially o f forest title limits and logging roads; and ( ii ) a forest management information system ( SIGEF ) based on a sub-system o f forest accounting, which collects financial data linked to the forest sector, and a sub-system o f physical log tracking, which physically validates data collected on the ground as well as the enforcement of regulations. 24.", + "type": "geospatial information management system", + "explanation": "SyGIS is described as a geospatial information management system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a geospatial information management system", + "mentioned as a system designed for managing forest resource information", + "other systems mentioned include SIGEF as separate entities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SyGIS' is referred to as a geospatial information management system which provides insight into its role as an infrastructure or tool for managing data related to forest resources rather than a dataset itself. Models might confuse this because it appears within a framework discussing data management systems, and it is presented alongside other more explicit data-driven systems like SIGEF. However, the text focuses on the functionalities of this system, emphasizing its purpose in management rather than as a direct source of collected or analyzed data. The emphasis on 'integrated system' and 'management' clearly marks it as a tool and not a dataset, thus drawing a line that delineates it from being categorized as a concrete dataset. Additionally, the larger context suggests it serves broader operational goals.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'SyGIS' should not be treated as a dataset because it is characterized explicitly as a management system geared towards handling information, rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 76, + "text": "Creation of a New Sector Specific Data Management Systems ( UW3. 2 million ) 23. In the absence o f an integrated system for managing forest resource information, it i s difficult for MECNT to make informed decisions, elaborate policies, and manage the forest sector. To remedy this situation, MECNT will develop an integrated system for the management o f forest resources,: ( i ) a geospatial information management system ( SyGIS ), including an interactive forestry atlas updated regularly to allow monitoring, especially o f forest title limits and logging roads; and ( ii ) a forest management information system ( SIGEF ) based on a sub-system o f forest accounting, which collects financial data linked to the forest sector, and a sub-system o f physical log tracking, which physically validates data collected on the ground as well as the enforcement of regulations. 24. To achieve this, the project will support: ( i ) a team o f international and national experts specialized in conceiving, experimenting, and deploying the two systems on the ground; ( ii ) information seminars and workshops; ( iii ) provision o f office equipment, furniture, and logistics; and ( iv ) operational 64", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 621, + 626, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In the absence o f an integrated system for managing forest resource information, it i s difficult for MECNT to make informed decisions, elaborate policies, and manage the forest sector. To remedy this situation, MECNT will develop an integrated system for the management o f forest resources,: ( i ) a geospatial information management system ( SyGIS ), including an interactive forestry atlas updated regularly to allow monitoring, especially o f forest title limits and logging roads; and ( ii ) a forest management information system ( SIGEF ) based on a sub-system o f forest accounting, which collects financial data linked to the forest sector, and a sub-system o f physical log tracking, which physically validates data collected on the ground as well as the enforcement of regulations. 24.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "SIGEF refers to a forest management information system, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a forest management information system", + "described as a tool for managing data", + "not presented as a dataset but as an integrated system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the context around 'SIGEF', it is clear that it refers to a forest management information system, which is designed to facilitate the management of forest data rather than serving as a dataset itself. It is specifically described as a system that incorporates components for financial data collection and physical log tracking \u2014 this highlights its role as an infrastructure that supports data handling and decision-making processes, rather than being a structured collection of data in and of itself. The presence of phrases like 'integrated system for managing forest resource information' serves to emphasize its functionality and purpose as a management tool rather than as a standalone dataset. The model may have been misled due to the technical terminology, the capitalized name, and because it follows a structure where data collection is discussed, possibly leading to the interpretation that it should be classified as a dataset. However, the lack of explicit references earmarking it as a data source reinforces that it is primarily a system, not a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SIGEF' is categorized as a management information system and described within the context of systems architecture, clearly indicating its purpose is to manage and facilitate forest resource data rather than serve as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 86, + "text": "Expected Outputs or Outcomes from Component 3 ( i ) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv ) The administrative and financial management of ICCN and key sites are improved; Data on the 16 priority conservation sites are regularly updated and readily available at both the central level and on the ground through SyGIAP; The Conservation Law i s adopted and largely disseminated; and Maiko National Park i s effectively protected ( number of guards trained and equipped and seizures and infractions noted ) and managed ( infrastructure, and scientific studies realized ) with the participation of the local population ( community development initiatives implemented ). Stable trend in abundance of key bio-indicator species ( v ) Training offered through all project components 64. Training will be offered in all project components and by a wide array of sources: forest schools, training consultants, and training units in charge of discrete components of larger MOD contracts. The training program supported by the Project will consist of a variety of training modules and refresher courses. They can be divided into: i ) training in specific management systems, ii ) courses aimed at creating basic forest and nature conservation skills. Training; in specialized management systems 65.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 293, + 299, + "named" + ], + [ + 581, + 597, + "SyGIAP <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Expected Outputs or Outcomes from Component 3 ( i ) ( ii ) ( iii ) ( iv ) The administrative and financial management of ICCN and key sites are improved; Data on the 16 priority conservation sites are regularly updated and readily available at both the central level and on the ground through SyGIAP; The Conservation Law i s adopted and largely disseminated; and Maiko National Park i s effectively protected ( number of guards trained and equipped and seizures and infractions noted ) and managed ( infrastructure, and scientific studies realized ) with the participation of the local population ( community development initiatives implemented ). Stable trend in abundance of key bio-indicator species ( v ) Training offered through all project components 64.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "SyGIAP is mentioned as a system that regularly updates and makes data on conservation sites readily available, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'are regularly updated and readily available'", + "described in the context of administrative and financial management", + "indicates a system for managing data but not explicitly a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'SyGIAP' is framed more as a system or tool that contributes to the management and availability of data regarding conservation sites rather than being a standalone dataset itself. The text emphasizes that it makes data readily available, aligning more with infrastructure rather than suggesting it is the source of raw data or structured records. The mention of 'data on the 16 priority conservation sites' points to the existence of datasets, but it doesn't specify that SyGIAP itself is one. This may lead a model to mistakenly categorize it as a dataset due to the phrasing and the context in which it operates, but it serves more as an information system supporting the functionality of handling data instead. Therefore, I concluded that it functions more as an infrastructure or tool rather than as a dataset in this particular context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, SyGIAP is better understood as a system or tool that facilitates the management and availability of data about conservation sites rather than being a distinct dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 129, + "text": "Availability of key administration and monitoring data that has been validated through ground surveys in key protected areas. SyGIAP data system operationalized for this purpose.... \u2018 tected Areas and Strengthening of ICCN ( GEF US $ 4. 1 million )..... Central and local staff trained on the use of SyGIAP. Significant proportion of ICCN field staff in Maiko NP adequately trained, increased number of man - - days performed in the field and staff performance management systems in place; Increase in total park area regularly patrolled and monitored;. 36 A workshop with potential partners was held at Chatham House in London in December 2007 to identify potential alternative finance models for SFM in DRC. Discussions are ongoing with CI for a proposed Bonobo Conservation Concession in Equateur Province; i. e. conversion of a cancelled timber concession to a conservation contract. 117", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 126, + 144, + "named" + ], + [ + 20, + 54, + "SyGIAP data system <> data type" + ], + [ + 354, + 362, + "SyGIAP data system <> data geography" + ], + [ + 640, + 644, + "SyGIAP data system <> publication year" + ], + [ + 791, + 808, + "SyGIAP data system <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Availability of key administration and monitoring data that has been validated through ground surveys in key protected areas. SyGIAP data system operationalized for this purpose. .", + "type": "data system", + "explanation": "The SyGIAP data system is described as a structured collection of validated administration and monitoring data used for research and analysis in protected areas.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a data system but not directly as a dataset", + "described as operationalized for data purposes, indicates it serves a function rather than just being a collection of data", + "does not explicitly indicate that the system itself is being analyzed as a source of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'SyGIAP data system' is positioned more as a tool or infrastructure that has been operationalized for the purpose of collecting and validating data. While it provides essential data, the way it is phrased ('operationalized for this purpose') suggests that it is part of a broader system rather than a standalone dataset. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to its structured name, the use of 'data system,' and the connection to validated administration and monitoring data, which typically denotes data sources. However, the text does not suggest that this term should be treated explicitly as a dataset, as it lacks an assertion that the analysis uses the data drawn or obtained from this system directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'SyGIAP data system' is referenced as a management information system that facilitates data usage rather than being defined as a dataset itself. It is not presented as a collection of data for analysis directly but more as an operational framework." + }, + { + "filename": "153_476340PAD0ZR0P101Official0Use0Only1", + "page": 129, + "text": "Availability of key administration and monitoring data that has been validated through ground surveys in key protected areas. SyGIAP data system operationalized for this purpose.... \u2018 tected Areas and Strengthening of ICCN ( GEF US $ 4. 1 million )..... Central and local staff trained on the use of SyGIAP. Significant proportion of ICCN field staff in Maiko NP adequately trained, increased number of man - - days performed in the field and staff performance management systems in place; Increase in total park area regularly patrolled and monitored;. 36 A workshop with potential partners was held at Chatham House in London in December 2007 to identify potential alternative finance models for SFM in DRC. Discussions are ongoing with CI for a proposed Bonobo Conservation Concession in Equateur Province; i. e. conversion of a cancelled timber concession to a conservation contract. 117", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 300, + 306, + "named" + ], + [ + 20, + 54, + "SyGIAP <> data type" + ], + [ + 354, + 362, + "SyGIAP <> data geography" + ], + [ + 640, + 644, + "SyGIAP <> publication year" + ], + [ + 705, + 708, + "SyGIAP <> data geography" + ], + [ + 791, + 808, + "SyGIAP <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Central and local staff trained on the use of SyGIAP. Significant proportion of ICCN field staff in Maiko NP adequately trained, increased number of man - - days performed in the field and staff performance management systems in place; Increase in total park area regularly patrolled and monitored;.", + "type": "data system", + "explanation": "SyGIAP is described as a data system that collects and validates key administration and monitoring data, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of training and performance management", + "no direct reference to being a data source", + "described in a way that suggests it is an information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this specific context, 'SyGIAP' is presented as a system that is used to train staff and monitor performance rather than being explicitly referenced as a dataset that provides structured records for analysis. The phrase does not mention that data is utilized from it in the way typical datasets are mentioned (e.g., 'data from SyGIAP'). Instead, it seems to serve more as an operational tool rather than a distinct dataset. While the mention indicates it holds some form of data, the lack of direct indication that it functions as a primary data source leads to the conclusion that it is better categorized as a management information system. The misunderstanding could arise from the capitalization and the context in which it is introduced; it may initially appear as a dataset due to its formal nomenclature, but the focus on staff training and performance management shifts its categorization more towards a system than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "SyGIAP is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is presented as a system focused on training and performance management, lacking direct reference as a distinct source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 10, + "text": "The Botswana HIV / AIDS epidemic is diverse, with the highest infection rates consistently reported from the northern areas o f the country, compared with those found in the southern and western regions. The 2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey ( BAIS 11 ) reported highest population-based, district-specific prevalence in the northeastern district o f Chobe ( 29. 4 percent ), with Francistown recording the second highest rate ( 24. 6 percent ). The 2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey ( BAIS II ) found prevalence to be highest among women 30-34 years age and estimated that nearly half ( 44 percent ) o f this cohort i s living with HIV-infection. The 2006 Botswana HIV / AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Technical Report also found that almost half o f women aged 25-34 years were infected ( Annex 1 ). 3. Figure 1 illustrates the epidemic dynamics over the past 25 years. The number o f new infections rose rapidly during the early 199Os, peaking in the mid-1990s. The number o f AIDS deaths started to grow rapidly about 10 years subsequent to this rise in new infections, peaking in 2003, just before the emergency expansion o f the national A I D S treatment program. By 2003, ' Current status of the HIVIAIDS epidemic in Botswana ( Draft, March 2008 ). NACA. 1", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 208, + 240, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Botswana HIV / AIDS epidemic is diverse, with the highest infection rates consistently reported from the northern areas o f the country, compared with those found in the southern and western regions. The 2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey ( BAIS 11 ) reported highest population-based, district-specific prevalence in the northeastern district o f Chobe ( 29. 4 percent ), with Francistown recording the second highest rate ( 24.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The 2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey is a structured collection of data regarding HIV/AIDS prevalence in Botswana, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows a description of HIV/AIDS epidemic data", + "referenced with specific prevalence rates and statistics", + "implies a collection of structured data on HIV/AIDS" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the '2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey' is directly linked to specific reported prevalence rates, indicating that it is a structured dataset containing specific statistics about the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Botswana. The term is not only presented as a name but is also accompanied by concrete data points that suggest it is used as a source of information in the analysis. The model might have found it confusing because the term can resemble project names or studies, but given that it is mentioned in a statistical context, it clearly functions as a dataset. The rationale for confusion could stem from the name itself, which could imply it is a study or initiative; however, its positioning in sentences focusing on the reported data confirms its role as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, the '2004 Botswana AIDS Impact Survey' behaves as a dataset because it directly provides structured data concerning HIV/AIDS statistics, evidenced by the specific prevalence rates mentioned." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 13, + "text": "Despite continued efforts, prevention gaps related to HIV / AIDS, sexually transmitted infections ( STIs ), and reproductive health remain an obstacle to reducing epidemic growth. As noted earlier, although there has been a reduction in prevalence among specific population sub-groups since 2003, overall prevalence rates still remain unacceptably high. With respect to knowledge levels, a 2004 national survey found that although 93 percent o f the respondents had heard o f HIV / AIDS, the proportion o f respondents 15-24 years who both correctly identify ways o f preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and who reject major misconceptions about HIV transmission or prevention increased merely from 36 percent in 2001 to 38 percent in 2004. The Government \u2019 s target for this critical knowledge indicator was 90 percent by 2005. It i s unfortunately clear that this, and several other key prevention targets outlined in the National HIV / AIDS Strategic Framework ( 2003-2009 ), will not be met. 13. With respect to behavioral risk, the BAIS I1 Survey ( 2004 ) indicated that 76 percent o f young people ( 15-24 years ) have had sex with a non-marital, non-cohabiting sexual partner in the last 12 months. Additionally, this assessment indicated an increase in the proportion o f people aged 15-24 years reporting unprotected sex in the past month ( after consuming alcohol ) - from 5 4", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1043, + 1057, + "named" + ], + [ + 390, + 394, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 507, + 530, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 741, + 745, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1060, + 1064, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1097, + 1109, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1309, + "BAIS I1 Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "13. With respect to behavioral risk, the BAIS I1 Survey ( 2004 ) indicated that 76 percent o f young people ( 15-24 years ) have had sex with a non-marital, non-cohabiting sexual partner in the last 12 months. Additionally, this assessment indicated an increase in the proportion o f people aged 15-24 years reporting unprotected sex in the past month ( after consuming alcohol ) - from 5 4", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The BAIS II Survey is a structured collection of data related to behavioral risks and knowledge levels regarding HIV/AIDS among young people.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey that indicated data", + "mentioned specific statistics derived from the survey", + "contextually focused on behavioral risk assessment" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BAIS I1 Survey' refers explicitly to a survey that has generated specific quantitative data related to behavioral risks among young people. The term is used to present findings and percentages directly derived from responses to this survey, which suggests that it is a source of structured data. The presence of the phrase \u2018indicated that\u2019 directly links the BAIS I1 Survey to the statistics that follow, reinforcing its role as a dataset. The model might have been confused previously due to the use of the term 'survey,' which can sometimes imply a project or tool, rather than being explicit as a dataset, but here the context clearly denotes it is a data source due to the specific statistical indicators provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The BAIS I1 Survey is treated as a dataset in this context because it supplies specific data points and findings related to behavioral risks, directly linking it as a source of quantifiable information." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 14, + "text": "percent in 2002 to 14. 7 percent in 2007. There was also a noted increased in the percentage o f young people 15-19 who had sex with more than one partner during the last 12 months - from 0. 3 percent in 200 1 to 17. 1 percent in 2005. 14. Recent analyses regarding major drivers o f the Botswana epidemic particularly implicate the role o f multiple concurrent sexual partners in increasing risk o f HIV infection and transmission. Multiple, concurrent partnerships accelerate HIV transmission because during the early, acute stage o f infection the virus may be passed on to several people over a short period o f time. Whde limited, data on partnership patterns in Botswana raise concern. In 2003, 24 percent o f sexually active men ( age 15-24 ) reported having sex with someone outside their primary relationship in the last yea?. Moreover, acceptance o f multiple partnerships appeared widespread from results o f the BAIS I1 survey, with 38 percent of respondents disagreeing with the statement \u201c Most people you care about stay faithful to a single partner at a time3. \u201d 15. With respect to clinical management o f STIs, in 2005, an estimated 85 percent o f STIs were properly diagnosed, counseled, and treated at health care facilities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 924, + 938, + "named" + ], + [ + 97, + 115, + "BAIS I1 survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 230, + 234, + "BAIS I1 survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 288, + 296, + "BAIS I1 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 668, + 676, + "BAIS I1 survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 695, + 699, + "BAIS I1 survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 716, + 735, + "BAIS I1 survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1132, + 1136, + "BAIS I1 survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Moreover, acceptance o f multiple partnerships appeared widespread from results o f the BAIS I1 survey, with 38 percent of respondents disagreeing with the statement \u201c Most people you care about stay faithful to a single partner at a time3. \u201d 15.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The BAIS II survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze sexual behavior and its implications for HIV transmission in Botswana.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows results of survey", + "explicitly referenced in analysis of survey responses" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BAIS I1 survey' is explicitly mentioned as a source of results that are being analyzed (acceptance of multiple partnerships). The phrasing suggests that it is used to collect structured data from respondents about their partnership behaviors, which aligns it with typical dataset characteristics. The mention of survey results indicates that the survey is treated here as a primary source of data that provides statistical insight, which leans towards it being classified as a dataset. Potential confusion could arise because the name 'BAIS I1 survey' may sound like a project or program; however, given that it is used to provide quantitative data about respondent behavior, it fits the definition of a dataset in this context. The previous judgment likely arose from an understanding of surveys as common research datasets, reinforced by this context where results from the survey are directly utilized for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The BAIS I1 survey is treated as a dataset here because it is referenced in a way that indicates it is the source of structured data used to analyze respondents' attitudes, which is consistent with typical project or survey data." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 14, + "text": "With respect to tuberculosis ( TB ), directly-observed therapy ( DOTS ) coverage in Botswana i s 100 percent. While the TB case detection rate remained high at 80 percent in 2006, it dropped from the 88 percent level achieved in 2000. TB treatment success has also declined from 77 percent in 2000 to 70 percent in 2005, raising concerns regarding TB treatment resistance. An estimated 54 percent o f new TB patients are HIV-positive and 38 percent o f A I D S deaths are due to TB. TB mortality has increased from 236. 2 ( per 100, 000 ) in 1990 to 670. 2 ( per 100, 000 ) in 2005. Compared to the national A I D S treatment program, and despite o f the high co-prevalence, the national health system has not been able to implement an equally strong response to TB. Implementation o f the joint TB / HIV / AIDS strategy needs to be strengthened, particularly at community level where TB and HIV / AIDS programs continue to operate largely along parallel lines. The proposed Project will address strategic gaps supporting joint TB and HIV prevention efforts. 18. The HIV / AIDS-related burden o f disease has had the result o f consigning most health care workers to focus on various medical and, to a lesser degree, preventive aspects o f the Makgabaneng Survey ( 2003 ). BAIS I1 ( 2004 ). 5", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1244, + 1262, + "named" + ], + [ + 84, + 92, + "Makgabaneng Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1265, + 1269, + "Makgabaneng Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "18. The HIV / AIDS-related burden o f disease has had the result o f consigning most health care workers to focus on various medical and, to a lesser degree, preventive aspects o f the Makgabaneng Survey ( 2003 ). BAIS I1 ( 2004 ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Makgabaneng Survey is a structured collection of data related to tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS in Botswana, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of a structured collection", + "the presence of (2003) suggests a specific survey conducted during that year", + "appears alongside other known studies, indicating relevance to data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the term 'Makgabaneng Survey' refers to a survey that is likely to contain systematic data about HIV/AIDS in Botswana, as it is cited with a date (2003) which typically indicates a completed study that would yield some data. The use of the specific term 'Survey' also suggests that it tracks collected data, rather than merely acting as a project name or system. The previous judgment viewed it correctly as a dataset since it's presented as a structured collection of data related to a health topic. There could be confusion because surveys do sometimes represent larger projects or methodologies rather than discrete datasets, but in this case, the context strongly supports its role as a data source. The model might have been led to incorrectly assess it due to the ambiguous nature of 'Survey' which can be confused with ongoing projects or information systems. Nonetheless, here it holds strong implications as a dataset due to contextual indicators of data collection and purpose.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Makgabaneng Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it refers to a health-related survey conducted in 2003, which implies that it serves as a structured collection of data, making it relevant as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 25, + "text": "In addition, DACs will: ( a ) review and approve CSO proposals below the Pula 30, 000 thresholds ( approximately US $ 5, 000 ); ( b ) disburse the grants to the NGOs; and ( c ) monitor implementation progress. Where needed, programmatic, procurement, and financial management support will be sourced from NACA. C. Monitoring and evaluation of outcomedresults 65. The Project \u2019 s monitoring and evaluation framework derives fully from the national HIV / AIDS monitoring and evaluation framework, the Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System ( BHRIMS ). The BNAPS Project will be supporting the further strengthening o f this system, with a focus on monitoring and evaluation at decentralized levels o f the response ( Annex 3 ). D. Sustainability 66. The Government, with support o f IBRD and other development partners, has mobilized different sectors, mass organizations and communities to Institutional sustainability. 16", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 499, + 557, + "named" + ], + [ + 499, + 507, + "Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring and evaluation of outcomedresults 65. The Project \u2019 s monitoring and evaluation framework derives fully from the national HIV / AIDS monitoring and evaluation framework, the Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System ( BHRIMS ). The BNAPS Project will be supporting the further strengthening o f this system, with a focus on monitoring and evaluation at decentralized levels o f the response ( Annex 3 ).", + "type": "information management system", + "explanation": "The Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of HIV/AIDS responses.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described as supporting monitoring and evaluation", + "not directly referenced as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System' refers to a management information system that facilitates the monitoring and evaluation of the national HIV/AIDS response efforts. The phrase 'the Project\u2019s monitoring and evaluation framework derives fully from the national HIV / AIDS monitoring and evaluation framework,' indicates that the system serves as a framework for managing information rather than being a dataset itself. Although it plays a critical role in data processes, it is positioned more as an infrastructure that supports the collection and analysis of data related to HIV/AIDS responses, rather than being an explicit and tangible dataset. Furthermore, it is being supported rather than solely functioning as a data source. A model might have interpreted it as a dataset due to its structured naming convention and association with monitoring and evaluation, which often leads to a confusion between an information system and an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is classified as a management information system crucial for data handling rather than an actual dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 40, + "text": "Annex 3: Results Framework and Monitoring BOTSWANA: Botswana National HIV / AIDS Prevention Support Project 1. Botswana i s committed to rapidly strengthening its capacity in monitoring and evaluation. The BNAPS \u2019 s support to M & E would be guided by the following criteria: ( i ) support for the NSF and the development o f a single national M & E system, under the principle o f the \u201c Three Ones \u201d; ( ii ) support for an M & E system, that enables DMSACs to monitor and improve their performance as well as allowing for monitoring o f community, district and national activities; ( iii ) support for institutional, human resource and systems development; and ( iv ) support for activities which are not being financed by other development partners; and ( v ) support to the N A C A in its function as the lead coordinating agency for the sharing and coordinating o f M & E activities between all agencies and donors. Improvements in the indicators as reflected in the HIV / AIDS Score Card ( Annex 14 ) would be measured through this approach. 2. The Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System ( BHRIMS ) i s the national multi-sectoral response monitoring system.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1054, + 1112, + "named" + ], + [ + 52, + 60, + "Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 111, + 119, + "Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1054, + 1062, + "Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1132, + 1182, + "Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. The Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System ( BHRIMS ) i s the national multi-sectoral response monitoring system.", + "type": "information management system", + "explanation": "The Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation of the national HIV/AIDS response.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a national multi-sectoral response monitoring system", + "described as an information management system", + "not explicitly referred to as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System' is clearly identified as an information management system rather than a dataset. The phrase indicates it is responsible for monitoring the national HIV/AIDS response, which suggests it serves as a framework or infrastructure for collecting and managing data rather than presenting data itself. The previous judgment incorrectly interpreted it as a dataset likely due to the capitalization and structure of the name, which resembles dataset references. Additionally, its positioning could lead to confusion, as it may invoke thoughts of data collection systems, which are often associated with datasets. However, it does not serve as a direct source of data for analysis; rather, it acts as a tool or platform for data management. Thus, drawing the line between dataset and system, this particular instance is more accurately perceived as an informative entity rather than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Botswana HIV / AIDS Response Information Management System' is not a dataset in this context; it describes an information management system used for monitoring rather than a direct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 40, + "text": "Accompanying and supporting documents are the BHRIMS plan 2003-2009, BHRIMS costing ( 2002 ), inventory o f stakeholders and baseline for indicators ( 2003 ). Management and support bodies have been established as the BHRIMS Technical Working Group, the BHRIMS secretariat in NACA, and the BHRIMS focal points at sector, program and district levels. 3. The information management has been decentralized under BHRIMS to the district level under the District Multisectoral A I D S Committees. The District A I D S Coordinators ( DACs ) who also serve as secretaries to the DMSACs, act as focal persons in data management at district level. Implementing partners and other stakeholders submit reports to the DMSACs. Data collection and analysis at district level has also been facilitated by the introduction in all districts o f a computerized system based on the UNAIDS \u2019 Country Response Information System. 4. The performance by BHRIMS has been demonstrated by the regular and timely production o f reports for the United Nation General Assembly Special Session on HIV / AIDS ( UNGASS ), Millennium Development Goal and for national level bodies. Capacity i s however a constraint and considerable effort has been put into training o f key stakeholders and supply o f IT material and software.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 871, + 906, + "named" + ], + [ + 86, + 90, + "Country Response Information System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 94, + 120, + "Country Response Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 151, + 155, + "Country Response Information System <> reference year" + ], + [ + 829, + 848, + "Country Response Information System <> data type" + ], + [ + 862, + 868, + "Country Response Information System <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Implementing partners and other stakeholders submit reports to the DMSACs. Data collection and analysis at district level has also been facilitated by the introduction in all districts o f a computerized system based on the UNAIDS \u2019 Country Response Information System. 4.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The Country Response Information System is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to HIV/AIDS responses at the district level.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a computerized system", + "based on the UNAIDS 'Country Response Information System'", + "focuses on data collection and analysis but refers to an infrastructure/tool" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the 'Country Response Information System' is presented as a computerized system that facilitates data collection and analysis. The phrasing suggests it serves as a tool or infrastructure, rather than being a standalone dataset. The text does not explicitly suggest this entity contains a structured dataset itself, but rather that it is the method or platform through which data is managed. This can lead to confusion because the term might be interpreted as a data source due to its capitalization and structured nature, leading a model to identify it as a dataset mention. However, distinguishing between a dataset and a system requires attention to how it\u2019s framed in the context \u2013 in this case, it's more about the system structure than the data it contains.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Country Response Information System' is better understood as a management information system or tool used for data collection and analysis, rather than as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 40, + "text": "Through BHRIMS a national M & E curriculum has been developed and training o f stakeholders has been initiated and i s ongoing at the Institute of Development Management. Through support from development partners ( Le. ACHAP and BOTUSA ), M & E personnel have either been placed at the sectoral and district levels or plans are underway to have them placed at these levels. 5. While data collection and reporting at national, aggregate level i s already well advanced in Botswana, monitoring o f activities and results at local level is, as in most countries, less well established. However, changes at local and community level are critical to significantly change the course o f the epidemic. The project, through a results-based design o f the civil society and private sector component, has built in the measuring and reporting o f baseline, progress and project completion data. This design also permits assessing the effectiveness o f specific Calls for Proposals to bring about change through social mobilization o f civil society and private sector organizations. These changes at community level are captured through the same indicators as those used in the BAIS. They also contribute to changes at aggregate level as reflected in the BAIS reports but cannot be compared as such since the denominators are different. 31", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 8, + 14, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Through BHRIMS a national M & E curriculum has been developed and training o f stakeholders has been initiated and i s ongoing at the Institute of Development Management. Through support from development partners ( Le.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "BHRIMS refers to a program related to monitoring and evaluation, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a program and not as a data source", + "describes the development of a curriculum and training initiatives", + "does not indicate access to structured records or data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BHRIMS' appears to refer to a program related to monitoring and evaluation rather than a specific dataset. The text emphasizes the development of a curriculum and the training of stakeholders, which are activities associated with a project or initiative. There are no explicit indicators that suggest 'BHRIMS' serves as a data source; it lacks the context that typically aligns with datasets, such as being described as containing records, statistics, or data compilations. The confusion may arise because the name could imply a systematic infrastructure, but it is definitively presented here as a program. The model might have erroneously classified it as a dataset due to its structure and formal designation, which could resemble that of a collection of data. However, without concrete references to data or records being provided through 'BHRIMS', it should not be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'BHRIMS' is more accurately described as a program focused on monitoring and evaluation rather than a structured dataset, as it lacks explicit indicators of data collection or storage." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 40, + "text": "Through BHRIMS a national M & E curriculum has been developed and training o f stakeholders has been initiated and i s ongoing at the Institute of Development Management. Through support from development partners ( Le. ACHAP and BOTUSA ), M & E personnel have either been placed at the sectoral and district levels or plans are underway to have them placed at these levels. 5. While data collection and reporting at national, aggregate level i s already well advanced in Botswana, monitoring o f activities and results at local level is, as in most countries, less well established. However, changes at local and community level are critical to significantly change the course o f the epidemic. The project, through a results-based design o f the civil society and private sector component, has built in the measuring and reporting o f baseline, progress and project completion data. This design also permits assessing the effectiveness o f specific Calls for Proposals to bring about change through social mobilization o f civil society and private sector organizations. These changes at community level are captured through the same indicators as those used in the BAIS. They also contribute to changes at aggregate level as reflected in the BAIS reports but cannot be compared as such since the denominators are different. 31", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1167, + 1171, + "named" + ], + [ + 471, + 479, + "BAIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This design also permits assessing the effectiveness o f specific Calls for Proposals to bring about change through social mobilization o f civil society and private sector organizations. These changes at community level are captured through the same indicators as those used in the BAIS. They also contribute to changes at aggregate level as reflected in the BAIS reports but cannot be compared as such since the denominators are different.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "BAIS refers to a structured collection of data related to the impact of AIDS in Botswana, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'the same indicators as those used in the BAIS'", + "described as providing aggregate level changes in BAIS reports", + "context suggests it refers to structured data", + "implied use in research analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, BAIS is mentioned in a way that highlights its role as a source of indicators used to assess changes at community and aggregate levels. The phrase 'same indicators as those used in the BAIS' implies that BAIS is a structured collection of data serving as a benchmark for the analysis being described. Additionally, its role in providing reports further reinforces the understanding that it functions as a dataset. Although BAIS could also be construed as a program or project name, the context surrounding it focuses on its data reporting and analytical function, supporting the view that it is being treated as a dataset here. The mention of BAIS directly in the context of analysis and data indicators helps clarify its nature as a dataset rather than an infrastructure or tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'BAIS' is indeed treated as a dataset in this context, as it is explicitly referred to in relation to indicators and data used for analysis, showing its role as a source for research." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 43, + "text": "Outcome 2: 3utcome 1: Operational national M & E system in use for planning, project design and implementation Intermediate Outcomes: outputs: Targets met with respect to holding stakeholder and donor coordination meetings. Follow-up on N A C A O & M Review implementation, for the Mid Term Review, completed. Intermediate Outcomes: M & E Technical Adviser ( Consultant ) recruited at NACA, perfonning according to Terms o f Reference. A t least 80 percent o f all N A C A grantees provide quarterly program activity monitoring reports. Quarterly service coverage reports produced and disseminated Annual National M & E report produced National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database established and populated with priority data fields. National M & E Database fully functional to track achievement of results in the NSF Assesses perceived effectiveness o f N A C A among key program beneficiaries and implementation partners. Assesses needs for strengthening of coordination mechanisms Assesses staffing levels for M & E at NACA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 636, + 686, + "named" + ], + [ + 718, + 738, + "National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A t least 80 percent o f all N A C A grantees provide quarterly program activity monitoring reports. Quarterly service coverage reports produced and disseminated Annual National M & E report produced National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database established and populated with priority data fields. National M & E Database fully functional to track achievement of results in the NSF Assesses perceived effectiveness o f N A C A among key program beneficiaries and implementation partners.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "This term refers to a structured collection of data related to CBOs, NGOs, and FBOs involved in HIV/AIDS monitoring and evaluation, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database that contains priority data fields", + "mentioned in context of program activity monitoring", + "follows a structure typical of datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the term 'National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database' clearly indicates that it is a database, which is often synonymous with a dataset, especially when it is directly mentioned in the context of monitoring and evaluation for specific organizations. The phrase 'established and populated with priority data fields' suggests that this is a structured collection of records, reinforcing its role as a dataset. Contextually, it relates to monitoring system outputs and provides specific types of data which are necessary for M & E reporting. The confusion might arise from the fact that 'database' can also refer to a management information system; however, the clarity of the term 'established and populated' indicates that this is more than just an infrastructure \u2014 it is indeed functioning as a structured dataset that holds relevant data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database' is regarded as a dataset due to its explicit description as a database that is populated with specific data fields and used for monitoring and evaluation activities." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 43, + "text": "Outcome 2: 3utcome 1: Operational national M & E system in use for planning, project design and implementation Intermediate Outcomes: outputs: Targets met with respect to holding stakeholder and donor coordination meetings. Follow-up on N A C A O & M Review implementation, for the Mid Term Review, completed. Intermediate Outcomes: M & E Technical Adviser ( Consultant ) recruited at NACA, perfonning according to Terms o f Reference. A t least 80 percent o f all N A C A grantees provide quarterly program activity monitoring reports. Quarterly service coverage reports produced and disseminated Annual National M & E report produced National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database established and populated with priority data fields. National M & E Database fully functional to track achievement of results in the NSF Assesses perceived effectiveness o f N A C A among key program beneficiaries and implementation partners. Assesses needs for strengthening of coordination mechanisms Assesses staffing levels for M & E at NACA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 740, + 763, + "named" + ], + [ + 537, + 571, + "National M & E Database <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Quarterly service coverage reports produced and disseminated Annual National M & E report produced National HIV / AIDS M & E CBO / NGO / FBO database established and populated with priority data fields. National M & E Database fully functional to track achievement of results in the NSF Assesses perceived effectiveness o f N A C A among key program beneficiaries and implementation partners. Assesses needs for strengthening of coordination mechanisms Assesses staffing levels for M & E at NACA.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The National M & E Database is a structured collection of data used to track achievement of results in the National Strategic Framework (NSF) and is populated with priority data fields.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "described as fully functional to track achievement of results", + "associated with specific assessments of effectiveness and needs" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National M & E Database' is described in a way that emphasizes its role as an operational tool for tracking results and programmed assessments. It is not merely mentioned as a project; rather, it is presented as a functional database that supports ongoing evaluation and monitoring activities. The phrases surrounding it suggest that the database is integral to the analysis of service coverage and program implementation. This interpretation aligns with conventional understandings of a dataset, where structured, organized data is maintained for specific analytical purposes. The confusion arises because it is also described somewhat like a project or system, yet its explicit use in tracking achievements and its population with priority data fields solidify its identification as a dataset. Thus, I conclude that, in this context, it meets the criteria for being labeled a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National M & E Database' is treated as a dataset in this context due to its described functionality for tracking achievement of results and its operational role in monitoring and evaluation." + }, + { + "filename": "154_431120PAD0P1021e0only10R20081014311", + "page": 106, + "text": "Annex 13: Summary of Social Analysis BOTSWANA: Botswana National HTv / AIDS Prevention Support Project 1. Botswana has one o f the smallest population sizes in the continent, and i s one o f the most sparsely populated with a majority o f its population settled along the country ' s eastern corridor. The major economic driver i s its diamond mining concerns. Cattle farming and high-end tourism are also classified as relatively significant commercial activities. Botswana faces the second most severe HIV / AIDS epidemic in the world, with infection rates highest among young people and particularly young women. The principal mode o f epidemic transmission in Botswana is heterosexual. Key factors fueling the HIV / AIDS epidemic include stigma and denial, the vulnerability o f women, the incidence o f unprotected sex, persistent inequality and poverty, cultural attitudes regarding sexuality, and high levels o f population mobility, including cross-border challenges. 2. The effects o f the HIV / AIDS epidemic differs significantly along gender lines, with women and young girls being more significantly affected than their male counterparts in similar age groups. The 2005 HIV Sentinel Surveillance data estimates prevalence rates consistently ranging up to three times higher among young women ( 9. 8 ) than young men ( 3. 1 ) o f the same age cohort ( 15-19 ).", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1183, + 1213, + "named" + ], + [ + 37, + 45, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 47, + 55, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 106, + 114, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 466, + 474, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 573, + 585, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 603, + 614, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> reference population" + ], + [ + 664, + 672, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1178, + 1182, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1293, + 1304, + "HIV Sentinel Surveillance data <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The effects o f the HIV / AIDS epidemic differs significantly along gender lines, with women and young girls being more significantly affected than their male counterparts in similar age groups. The 2005 HIV Sentinel Surveillance data estimates prevalence rates consistently ranging up to three times higher among young women ( 9. 8 ) than young men ( 3.", + "type": "surveillance data", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data related to HIV prevalence rates, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as data estimating prevalence rates", + "used for research and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'HIV Sentinel Surveillance data' explicitly refers to a structured collection of data that estimates HIV prevalence rates. The text does not present any indication that this term is referring to a project name or an information system; rather, it highlights the dataset as a source of estimations related to public health research. The usage of the term without any modifiers or qualifiers that would suggest it functions merely as a project name or a tool leads me to conclude that it should be treated as a dataset. A model might have been confused if it interpreted 'data' in this context as a general reference to data collections rather than being tied to a specific surveillance dataset, but the specific mention of prevalence rates grounds it in a concrete analytical use. Therefore, I maintain that it is a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'HIV Sentinel Surveillance data' is treated as a dataset as it refers to a structured collection of data used for analysis, specifically in estimating HIV prevalence rates." + }, + { + "filename": "155_432110PAD0P09717632B01off0use0only1", + "page": 39, + "text": "Despite sufficient water resources, the demand for potable water is not satisfied either in urban or rural areas. In urban areas, potable water needs are estimated to double every decade: 22 million m3 in 1990, 44 million m3 in 2000, and 70 million m3 projected for the year 2010. In rural areas, water needs increase by 58 percent every 10 years, and are projected to reach 434 million m3 by 201021. On average, the net service coverage rate22 ( taux de desserte net ) was estimated to be 43 percent in rural areas and 42 percent in urban areas in 199923. Currently, REGIDESO estimates the urban service coverage rate to be 60 percent. 27. These numbers have only worsened with the above-mentioned dilapidation of the infrastructure over the past decade. By the end of the conflict, hundreds of thousands of refugees had migrated to the 20 Data provided by REGIDESO and DGHER. These access rates are lower than the access rates mentioned in the WHO / UNICEF Joint Monitoring Program ( JMP ) of 2004-2006, which seem inconsistent with the surveys carried out by DGHER. 21 Source: Document de rapport du Burundi sur la mise en oeuvre de l ' Agenda 21, 2002 22 The net service coverage rate is the ratio between the number of households with access to water and the total number of households in a given territorial unit, accounting for non-functionning infrastructure. 23 These figures and assessment from the National Survey of Water Services Coverage carried out in 1999 and published in 2000, as cited in \u201c Analyse Contextuelle en Mati\u00e8re de Gestion Integr\u00e9e des Ressources en Eau ( GIRE ) au Burundi \u2013 Rapport Final, \u201d prepared by Gishinge Kasavubu M\u00e9dard, March 2006.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1409, + 1451, + "named" + ], + [ + 205, + 209, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> reference year" + ], + [ + 228, + 232, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> publication year" + ], + [ + 417, + 444, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> data description" + ], + [ + 1062, + 1067, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1103, + 1110, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1467, + 1471, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1489, + 1493, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1595, + 1602, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1634, + 1658, + "National Survey of Water Services Coverage <> author" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "21 Source: Document de rapport du Burundi sur la mise en oeuvre de l ' Agenda 21, 2002 22 The net service coverage rate is the ratio between the number of households with access to water and the total number of households in a given territorial unit, accounting for non-functionning infrastructure. 23 These figures and assessment from the National Survey of Water Services Coverage carried out in 1999 and published in 2000, as cited in \u201c Analyse Contextuelle en Mati\u00e8re de Gestion Integr\u00e9e des Ressources en Eau ( GIRE ) au Burundi \u2013 Rapport Final, \u201d prepared by Gishinge Kasavubu M\u00e9dard, March 2006.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data regarding water service coverage, which is used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referenced as 'the National Survey of Water Services Coverage'", + "cited as providing figures and assessments", + "described in the context of data analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'National Survey of Water Services Coverage' appears to function as a specific dataset rather than merely a project name or a management information system (MIS). The text contextualizes it by indicating that it's a survey that was 'carried out in 1999' and gives insights into water services coverage, which implies the occurrence of collected data intended for analysis. The phrase 'these figures and assessment' indicates the results produced by this survey are directly used in the document, aligning it closely with common descriptions of dataset functionalities. This context suggests it's indeed a structured collection of data that will be utilized for evaluating water access. The potential confusion could arise from the mention of 'survey,' which sometimes might sound like an initiative rather than a dataset, but here it is specifically related to quantitative evaluations, reinforcing its role as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Survey of Water Services Coverage' is treated as a dataset because it provides collected data and figures about water service access that are directly cited for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "155_432110PAD0P09717632B01off0use0only1", + "page": 50, + "text": "Preparation of strategic sector plans for electricity and water N / a N / a N / a By March 31st, 2010 N / a N / a By mid-term review Performance monitoring reports MWEM Intermediate Output indicators Number of HV and MV substations rehabilitated 0 0 10 20 20 20 Quarterly Project implementation Monitoring ( Quarterly Financial Management Report ) REGIDESO Number of pre-payment electricity meters installed ( include non IDA funded meters as well ) 5100 10. 000 15. 000 25. 000 35. 000 40. 000 Quarterly Project implementation Monitoring ( Quarterly Financial", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 348, + 356, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Preparation of strategic sector plans for electricity and water N / a N / a N / a By March 31st, 2010 N / a N / a By mid-term review Performance monitoring reports MWEM Intermediate Output indicators Number of HV and MV substations rehabilitated 0 0 10 20 20 20 Quarterly Project implementation Monitoring ( Quarterly Financial Management Report ) REGIDESO Number of pre-payment electricity meters installed ( include non IDA funded meters as well ) 5100 10. 000 15.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "REGIDESO refers to an organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described in relation to performance indicators and monitoring reports, not as a dataset", + "the term appears to refer to an organization or utility rather than a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'REGIDESO' appears to be referenced alongside performance indicators and project implementation reports but is not explicitly framed as a dataset. The phrasing around the term emphasizes the monitoring of various project outputs rather than describing REGIDESO as a systematic or structured collection of data records vital for analysis. Additionally, given that REGIDESO is likely the name of the electric utility company or organization responsible for the provided metrics (like the number of pre-payment electricity meters installed), this leads me to see it more as an entity that produces data rather than a dataset in itself. The model may have confused REGIDESO with a dataset due to its capitalization and placement in a list of indicators, but the context reveals it\u2019s not framed or demonstrated as a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, REGIDESO does not function as a dataset; it is a reference to an organization rather than a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "155_432110PAD0P09717632B01off0use0only1", + "page": 81, + "text": "It revealed several weaknesses in the PFM system attributed to years of civil war, including budget formulation and execution, financial reporting and oversight systems as well as weak linkages between agreed policies for budgeting planning and execution. However since then, significant progress has been made in all areas. 2. The introduction and now fully operational of an interim Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) which generates standard quarterly budget execution reports and reports on poverty-reducing expenditure and / or HIPC expenditure execution, 3. The adoption and implementation of a new unified functional and economic budget classification system and a double-entry accounting system has served to improve budget monitoring while also addressing weakened treasury controls. As a result, the closure of the Government \u2019 s extra-budgetary accounts is successfully on track. The Audit Court ( Cour des Comptes ) established in 2004 has been an important step towards the strengthening of jurisdictional control over public finance management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 38, + 48, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It revealed several weaknesses in the PFM system attributed to years of civil war, including budget formulation and execution, financial reporting and oversight systems as well as weak linkages between agreed policies for budgeting planning and execution. However since then, significant progress has been made in all areas.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The PFM system refers to a public finance management system, which is a framework or concept rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a PFM system which refers to a concept rather than a dataset", + "context discusses weaknesses in the system rather than specific data", + "does not follow phrases such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'PFM system' refers to a public finance management system and is discussed in relation to the weaknesses it displays rather than as a source of structured data. The use of the word 'system' suggests it is an infrastructure or framework rather than a discrete dataset containing specific records or statistics. The text does not frame it as a primary data source, nor is it presented alongside other datasets; therefore, treating it as a dataset would misrepresent its role in this context. The confusion may arise from the way 'PFM system' is capitalized and the potential for a model to interpret any named entity as a concrete dataset, particularly if it follows the structural patterns associated with datasets, but in this case, it is clear it functions more as a description of an operational framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'PFM system' does not refer to a dataset in this context but rather to a public finance management framework, indicating the weaknesses within it without presenting specific data or records." + }, + { + "filename": "155_432110PAD0P09717632B01off0use0only1", + "page": 81, + "text": "It revealed several weaknesses in the PFM system attributed to years of civil war, including budget formulation and execution, financial reporting and oversight systems as well as weak linkages between agreed policies for budgeting planning and execution. However since then, significant progress has been made in all areas. 2. The introduction and now fully operational of an interim Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) which generates standard quarterly budget execution reports and reports on poverty-reducing expenditure and / or HIPC expenditure execution, 3. The adoption and implementation of a new unified functional and economic budget classification system and a double-entry accounting system has served to improve budget monitoring while also addressing weakened treasury controls. As a result, the closure of the Government \u2019 s extra-budgetary accounts is successfully on track. The Audit Court ( Cour des Comptes ) established in 2004 has been an important step towards the strengthening of jurisdictional control over public finance management", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 385, + 424, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2. The introduction and now fully operational of an interim Financial Management Information System ( FMIS ) which generates standard quarterly budget execution reports and reports on poverty-reducing expenditure and / or HIPC expenditure execution, 3. The adoption and implementation of a new unified functional and economic budget classification system and a double-entry accounting system has served to improve budget monitoring while also addressing weakened treasury controls.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Financial Management Information System (FMIS) is a tool or system used for managing financial data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for managing financial data", + "refers to functionality (generates reports)", + "describes tool rather than a structured collection of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Financial Management Information System' (FMIS) is explicitly described as a tool that generates reports related to financial data and budget execution. While it serves a vital purpose in managing and monitoring financial records, it does not constitute a dataset by itself. Instead, it functions as a platform or system that facilitates data management. The model might have gotten confused because the FMIS is capitalized and seems to be positioned alongside tasks like generating reports, which are associated with datasets. Still, it lacks the defining characteristics of a dataset (i.e., a structured collection of records). The model focused on the terminology and the activities associated with the FMIS but failed to differentiate adequately between a system and a dataset in this specific context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Financial Management Information System is described as a tool for managing financial data and generating reports, not as a structured collection of data, thus it is not classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "157_417980PAD0P1041ly10IDAR200081006011", + "page": 19, + "text": "C. Monitoring and evaluation of outcomes / results 29. The monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) system will include: ( a ) regular monitoring and reporting by PMT and MOLG District Office ( b ) participatory M & E through evaluations by target communities and; ( c ) external evaluations and audits as described in Annex 3. Coordinators; M & E at the national and regional levels 30. The PMT will be responsible for aggregating and synthesizing data on the project \u2019 s outcome indicators, using a results-based M & E framework. A Management Information System ( MIS ) i s currently being designed at the MOLG Projects Department with support from UNDP and the Government of Japan. It was agreed that the VNDP M & E system will build on this MIS to become the central storehouse that links data coming from MOLG District Offices, the JSCPDs, and the communities. The MIS will track information on indicators for achieving the PDO using simple forms such as the CDD subproject proposal forms, final evaluations of implemented CDD subprojects submitted by the Joint Project Support Group ( JPSGs ) and include characteristics of main beneficiaries ( gender, youth, economically marginalized persons, etc. ), the amount of community contributions and quarterly progress reporting by the JSCPDs3. 31.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 529, + 558, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The PMT will be responsible for aggregating and synthesizing data on the project \u2019 s outcome indicators, using a results-based M & E framework. A Management Information System ( MIS ) i s currently being designed at the MOLG Projects Department with support from UNDP and the Government of Japan. It was agreed that the VNDP M & E system will build on this MIS to become the central storehouse that links data coming from MOLG District Offices, the JSCPDs, and the communities.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system designed to manage and process information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not mentioned as a data source but as a framework", + "project context with a focus on structure rather than data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this occurrence, 'Management Information System' clearly refers to a system created to facilitate the management and processing of information, rather than a specific dataset containing structured data for analysis. The context indicates that this system will serve as a foundation for linking various sources of information (data) but does not treat itself as the dataset. The use of terms like 'central storehouse' further emphasizes that it is a structure to aggregate data rather than a concrete collection of data. A model might have been confused due to the capitalization and the phrasing, which suggests it is an important entity within the framework of data analysis. However, it is essential to recognize that it is operating in a project framework rather than being a standalone dataset used for research or statistical analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Management Information System' is not treated as a dataset here; it refers instead to a system designed to manage data within a project context." + }, + { + "filename": "157_417980PAD0P1041ly10IDAR200081006011", + "page": 20, + "text": "maintaining the electronic forms and coordinating with the P M T Community Development / Reporting Specialist for data input into the M & E database at MOLG. H H M Participatory Monitoring & Evaluation ( M & E ) Flexibility in design and periodic country portfolio reviews will improve project resilience or allow for restructuring. Effectiveness of infrastructure improvements at the community level may be questionable during periods of conflict, but flexible CDD tools have been designed for subprojects that are adaptable to the context. Commitment to include Gaza in project design. Specific implementation arrangements for Gaza based on local feasibility and capacity. Extensive consultation with potential 33. In order to ensure VNDP \u2019 s accountability to the communities, the project will introduce participatory M & E tools for citizens that allow them to track project implementation and evaluate results, as well as monitor the transparency and accountability o f their LGUs. Participatory M & E will also allow communities to express opinions, share information, and reflect on findings in an open, transparent and inclusive manner.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 134, + 148, + "named" + ], + [ + 564, + 568, + "M & E database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 629, + 633, + "M & E database <> data geography" + ], + [ + 837, + 845, + "M & E database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "maintaining the electronic forms and coordinating with the P M T Community Development / Reporting Specialist for data input into the M & E database at MOLG. H H M Participatory Monitoring & Evaluation ( M & E ) Flexibility in design and periodic country portfolio reviews will improve project resilience or allow for restructuring.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The M & E database is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation purposes, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a database, but not explicitly stated as a data source", + "context indicates collaboration and data input rather than analysis based on the database", + "appears in a description relating to project management and evaluation rather than data dissemination" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'M & E database' refers to a structure set up for maintaining and coordinating data input rather than being presented as a primary data source being analyzed. It is situated within a framework of project management activities, emphasizing its role in the management of data rather than as a dataset that outcomes are derived from. The absence of phrases like 'uses data from' or 'based on' suggests that it is not treated predominantly as a dataset in the analysis; rather, it serves a broader purpose related to monitoring and evaluation. A model may become confused because the term 'database' suggests information storage, leading to assumptions about data availability. However, datasets typically imply a degree of usability for analysis, which is not clearly indicated here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'M & E database' is not considered a dataset in this context, as it seems more relevant to project management infrastructure than a direct analytical data source." + }, + { + "filename": "157_417980PAD0P1041ly10IDAR200081006011", + "page": 46, + "text": "( c ) the end o f the project life, the PMT will submit an ICR. 5. A simplified electronic database will also be created at the level o f M O L G District Offices using Microsoft Office software to aggregate data from ADPs, CDD subproject proposals, JSCPDs Quarterly Progress Reports with OC assistance, and final evaluations o f implemented CDD subprojects. Designated M O L G District Office coordinators will be responsible for maintaining the electronic forms and coordinating with the PMT Community Development / Reporting Specialist. This information will feed into the MIS. Participatory Monitoring & Evaluation 6. In order to ensure the VNDP \u2019 s accountability to the communities, the project will introduce participatory M & E tools for citizens to be able to monitor progress in project implementation and evaluate results, as well as monitor the transparency and accountability o f their LGUs and JSCPDs. Participatory M & E will also allow the communities to express opinions, share information and reflect on findings in an open, transparent and inclusive manner.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 576, + 579, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Designated M O L G District Office coordinators will be responsible for maintaining the electronic forms and coordinating with the PMT Community Development / Reporting Specialist. This information will feed into the MIS. Participatory Monitoring & Evaluation 6.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a system for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "mentioned as a tool that maintains data", + "not enumerated with other datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' explicitly refers to a Management Information System, which is designed to manage and facilitate data handling rather than act as a concrete dataset itself. The text indicates that the electronic forms will feed into the MIS, suggesting it functions as a system of organization or processing for data rather than a structured collection of data records. The potential confusion for an extraction model could stem from phrases like 'will feed into', which might imply the system contains data, as well as the lack of surrounding indicators that label it as a dataset or specific source of data. As such, while 'MIS' is related to data management, it should not be regarded as a dataset in this context because the emphasis is on its role in organizing rather than housing data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' is not a dataset in this context; it specifically refers to a system for managing data rather than a structured dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "157_417980PAD0P1041ly10IDAR200081006011", + "page": 81, + "text": "Planning and Budgeting 18. Cash Budget preparation will follow the MOP. Also, financial projections for the life of the project ( analyzed by year ) will be prepared. Towards the end of each fiscal year, the PMT, in consultation with other departmental heads and through data received from JSCPDs, will prepare the cash budget for the coming year which will include the figures for the year, analyzed by quarter. The cash budget for each quarter will reflect the detailed specifications for project activities, schedules ( including the PP ), and expenditure on monthly and quarterly project activities. The annual cash budget will be sent to the Task Team Leader at least two months before the beginning of the project fiscal year for review and approval. Fixed assets and contract registers 19. Fixed Assets Registers will be maintained, regularly updated and checked. Contracts registers will also be maintained for all contracts. Detailed procedures for maintaining both registers will be documented in the MOP. Information Systems 20. The F M consultant will assess the adequacy of the current computerized system used by MOLG and assess the applicability and adaptability of this system to the Bank financed project. 21.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 290, + 296, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Also, financial projections for the life of the project ( analyzed by year ) will be prepared. Towards the end of each fiscal year, the PMT, in consultation with other departmental heads and through data received from JSCPDs, will prepare the cash budget for the coming year which will include the figures for the year, analyzed by quarter. The cash budget for each quarter will reflect the detailed specifications for project activities, schedules ( including the PP ), and expenditure on monthly and quarterly project activities.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "JSCPDs appears to refer to a concept or an entity involved in the project rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of data but not clearly defined as a dataset", + "suggests it is an entity involved in project management rather than a structured data source", + "does not appear to contain or represent a collection of data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'JSCPDs', context plays a crucial role. It is referenced in connection with financial projections and budget preparations, indicating it serves as a source of information for the project management team (PMT). However, the language used does not classify 'JSCPDs' as a structured dataset. Instead, it hints at a broader organizational or management context rather than a quantitative collection of structured data. The mention follows a description of the processes involved in preparing a cash budget, suggesting that 'JSCPDs' may represent a set of criteria, guidelines, or collaborative entities rather than a dataset containing raw records or statistics. This could be a source of confusion for a model that detects named entities in close proximity to data-related phrases, leading it to mistakenly identify it as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'JSCPDs' is referred to as a source of data for project management purposes but does not represent a structured dataset itself; rather, it likely refers to a project or an organizing body related to the project." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 11, + "text": "address these issues. For the former objective, they have, to the extent possible, been adopted from the Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard4, which is the Region \u2019 s tool for reporting on the Africa Action Plan ( AAP ) 5. Several are adapted UNGASS ( United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV / AIDS ) indicators, which the countries are already committed to collect and report upon. Since this is a regional intervention, some modifications have been made, and additional indicators have been identified to capture the regional dimension of HIV / AIDS. 25. Key performance indicators for prevention, treatment and mitigation of HIV / AIDS include: a ) Percentage of target populations aged 15-49 who undergo HIV voluntary counseling and testing and know their results in the last 12 months ( disaggregated by sex ); b ) Percentage of target populations reached with community-based HIV prevention programs in targeted areas; c ) Percentage of targeted Refugees and IDPs aged 15 to 49 who had more than one sexual partner in the past 12 months reporting the use of a condom during their last sexual intercourse ( by sex and age ) \u2013 ( UNGASS ); d ) Percentage of refugees and IDPs targeted aged 15 to 49 who both correctly identify three ways of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and who reject major misconceptions about HIV transmission ( by", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 105, + 140, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 118, + "Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard4 <> data geography" + ], + [ + 966, + 997, + "Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard4 <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "address these issues. For the former objective, they have, to the extent possible, been adopted from the Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard4, which is the Region \u2019 s tool for reporting on the Africa Action Plan ( AAP ) 5. Several are adapted UNGASS ( United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV / AIDS ) indicators, which the countries are already committed to collect and report upon.", + "type": "scorecard", + "explanation": "The Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard is a structured tool for reporting and collecting indicators related to HIV/AIDS, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a tool for reporting", + "described as the Region's tool", + "adapted UNGASS indicators mentioned", + "not presented as a data source for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard' is presented primarily as a reporting tool rather than a dataset. While it may contain structured data, the focus is on its role in the reporting framework rather than on direct data analysis or statistics extraction. The phrase 'which is the Region's tool for reporting' indicates that it functions more as an infrastructure or mechanism for data collection and reporting, rather than a standalone dataset that is being directly utilized for analysis. This distinction may confuse models that focus solely on nomenclature, as the term appears structured and capitalized like a dataset, yet lacks explicit indications that it serves as a primary data source. Rather, it supports the reporting of indicators, which might lead to confusion between interpretation as a tool versus a concrete dataset in context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Africa Region HIV / AIDS Scorecard functions primarily as a reporting tool rather than a dataset, as it does not serve as a direct source of raw data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 40, + "text": "36 approaches to HIV service delivery for target populations amongst all 7 IGAD member states Component 3 Ability to plan and implement activities - Project coordination and management \u2022 Number of civil society organizations20 funded by the project in the last 12 months, by type of civil society organization \u2022 Amount of funds disbursed to civil society organizations providing services to CBMPs, refugees, returnees, IDPs and surrounding populations in the 7 IGAD countries Capacity building \u2022 Number of NGOs that are able to design HIV service delivery programs for CBMPs in line with the IGAD HIV strategy \u2022 Number of persons from IGAD Member states trained in M & E including the use of Data Track the extent of capacity strengthening Strengthened capacity of IGAD, member states and contractor to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate HIV / AIDS programs for targeted populations M & E system ( including structured learning agenda ) \u2022 Number of website hits in the last 12 months \u2022 Percentage of NACs that submit program monitoring data to the PFO within specified reporting time frames \u2022 Percentage of refugee, IDP, returnee and cross border areas included in IGAD member states \u2019 National Sentinel Surveillance system in the last 12 months \u2022 Number of operational research studies funded Track whether functioning M & E system regularly monitors and reports on epidemic. Track level of implementation of work planning for HIV / AIDS programming.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1189, + 1226, + "named" + ], + [ + 419, + 423, + "National Sentinel Surveillance system <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "36 approaches to HIV service delivery for target populations amongst all 7 IGAD member states Component 3 Ability to plan and implement activities - Project coordination and management \u2022 Number of civil society organizations20 funded by the project in the last 12 months, by type of civil society organization \u2022 Amount of funds disbursed to civil society organizations providing services to CBMPs, refugees, returnees, IDPs and surrounding populations in the 7 IGAD countries Capacity building \u2022 Number of NGOs that are able to design HIV service delivery programs for CBMPs in line with the IGAD HIV strategy \u2022 Number of persons from IGAD Member states trained in M & E including the use of Data Track the extent of capacity strengthening Strengthened capacity of IGAD, member states and contractor to plan, implement, monitor and evaluate HIV / AIDS programs for targeted populations M & E system ( including structured learning agenda ) \u2022 Number of website hits in the last 12 months \u2022 Percentage of NACs that submit program monitoring data to the PFO within specified reporting time frames \u2022 Percentage of refugee, IDP, returnee and cross border areas included in IGAD member states \u2019 National Sentinel Surveillance system in the last 12 months \u2022 Number of operational research studies funded Track whether functioning M & E system regularly monitors and reports on epidemic. Track level of implementation of work planning for HIV / AIDS programming.", + "type": "surveillance system", + "explanation": "The National Sentinel Surveillance system is a structured collection of data used to monitor and report on the HIV epidemic, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of monitoring activities", + "indicates a system related to surveillance rather than data output", + "not explicitly described as a 'dataset' or primary data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Sentinel Surveillance system' is closely associated with monitoring HIV programs and might contain data, but it is being referenced as a mechanism for tracking certain aspects (like populations included) rather than as a standalone dataset. The use of the term 'National Sentinel Surveillance system' suggests the existence of a system that primarily serves to aggregate or manage data relating to HIV rather than serving as a distinct dataset that researchers would analyze. The sentence structure indicates it is part of an evaluation rather than providing data itself, making it more of an infrastructure piece rather than a dataset. The model may have mistakenly identified it as a dataset because it appears in the context of performance indicators and is capitalized like a proper name, which could suggest significance as a dataset. However, the lack of clear references to specific data outputs or records leads to the conclusion that it does not represent a standalone dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'National Sentinel Surveillance system' is not considered a dataset here because it functions as a surveillance system used to monitor disease prevalence and not as a direct source of structured data that researchers would analyze." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 44, + "text": "programs for CBMPs in line with the IGAD HIV strategy b ) Number of persons from IGAD Member states trained in M & E including the use of data M & E system ( including structured learning agenda ) a ) Number of website hits in the last 12 months 0 b ) Percentage of NACs that submit program monitoring data to the PFO within specified reporting time frames 0 c ) Percentage of refugee, IDP, returnee and cross border areas included in IGAD member states \u2019 National Sentinel Surveillance system in the last 12 months d ) Number of operational research studies funded 40", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 456, + 493, + "named" + ], + [ + 377, + 422, + "National Sentinel Surveillance system <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "programs for CBMPs in line with the IGAD HIV strategy b ) Number of persons from IGAD Member states trained in M & E including the use of data M & E system ( including structured learning agenda ) a ) Number of website hits in the last 12 months 0 b ) Percentage of NACs that submit program monitoring data to the PFO within specified reporting time frames 0 c ) Percentage of refugee, IDP, returnee and cross border areas included in IGAD member states \u2019 National Sentinel Surveillance system in the last 12 months d ) Number of operational research studies funded 40", + "type": "surveillance system", + "explanation": "The National Sentinel Surveillance system is a structured collection of data used for monitoring health indicators related to refugees, IDPs, and cross-border areas, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a component in a report on performance indicators", + "described in relation to percentages and program monitoring, not data collection", + "not presented as a primary source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National Sentinel Surveillance system' appears to function more as an administrative structure or framework designed to facilitate the collection of health-related data rather than as a standalone dataset itself. The text discusses monitoring aspects and percentages related to data submissions to the system rather than detailing the specific data contained within it. While it may hold significant records, it doesn't fit the description of being utilized directly as a dataset for analysis in this instance. The model might have been confused because the phrase 'system' can sometimes imply a structured data source, and there are statistical references around it, leading to the inference that it could be a dataset. However, upon closer inspection, it behaves more like operational infrastructure that supports data monitoring rather than representing the actual dataset entries directly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National Sentinel Surveillance system is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is highlighted more as an operational framework for monitoring health indicators rather than a concrete collection of data entries." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 47, + "text": "and other objectives of the IGAD Regional HIV / AIDS Partnership Program ( IRAPP ). IGAD will submit annual plans to the World Bank for no-objection on a consolidated basis. Sub-component ( b ) 5. The sub-component is aiming to provide HIV / STI prevention, care, support and treatment services to cross-border and mobile populations. The Mapping Surveys conducted in the 7 IGAD countries pointed out the significant mobility of these populations, which increases their vulnerability to HIV and STI. The analysis further found that there was a lack of HIV interventions in these areas, and that where present, the capacity and coverage was extremely limited. Despite this high level of vulnerability, the existing HIV and STI programs do not address CBMP in most IGAD countries and moreover, in the border areas, the health facilities are deficient or often completely missing. 6. The Regional Expert Meeting ( Nairobi, Kenya, June 2006 ) recommended initiating, promoting and supporting programs at strategic CBMP concentrated areas by improving knowledge, capacity, infrastructure and care. This subcomponent will support reinforcement of institutional capacity which may include staff training, basic equipment and medical supplies for selected health facilities ( in the area of the \u201c hot-spot interventions \u201d ) in border areas to deliver HIV / STI prevention, treatment, care and support service packages for CBMPs.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 339, + 354, + "named" + ], + [ + 298, + 333, + "Mapping Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 374, + 388, + "Mapping Surveys <> data geography" + ], + [ + 544, + 569, + "Mapping Surveys <> data description" + ], + [ + 932, + 936, + "Mapping Surveys <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The sub-component is aiming to provide HIV / STI prevention, care, support and treatment services to cross-border and mobile populations. The Mapping Surveys conducted in the 7 IGAD countries pointed out the significant mobility of these populations, which increases their vulnerability to HIV and STI. The analysis further found that there was a lack of HIV interventions in these areas, and that where present, the capacity and coverage was extremely limited.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Mapping Surveys' refers to structured data collection efforts aimed at understanding the mobility of populations and their vulnerability to HIV and STI, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'the Mapping Surveys conducted'", + "described as a structured effort to collect data", + "implies collection of records related to populations' mobility and health vulnerabilities" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Mapping Surveys' clearly refers to a structured method of data collection. The phrase indicates that these surveys were conducted in a systematic way across specific countries and aimed to gather data about vulnerable populations in relation to HIV and STI. This creates a strong association between the term and the notion of a dataset, as it suggests the collection of records or information as opposed to simply referencing a project name or a management system. While it could be interpreted as the name of a project, the way it is described emphasizes its role in producing data, leading me to classify it as a dataset. A model might have been confused because 'Mapping Surveys' sounds like it could be a project or a system; without more explicit distinction, the proximity of the term to phrases indicating data collection supports its interpretation as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Mapping Surveys' is identified as a dataset because it explicitly refers to a structured effort to collect data about populations affected by HIV and STI, indicating that it produces records rather than functioning merely as a title of a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 52, + "text": "29. Advocacy and communications about this new HIV ME system is essential. For this reason, communications plan will be included as part of the annual costed M & E work plan and will involve the PFO and M & E champions in each IGAD country. 30. Surveys and surveillance data will be used to track PDO-level project results. There are six types of surveys and surveillance that need to be carried out, partially with project funding ( additional resources would need to be mobilized by IGAD for all these surveys and surveillance to be carried out ): BSS, sentinel HIV surveillance, health facility survey, rapid assessment at hot spots, mapping assessment, and regional assessment. a ) BSS: Customized behavioral surveillance surveys ( BSSs ) will be undertaken amongst refugees, returnees, IDPs, and surrounding populations. The BSS will be customized to allow for the inclusion of unique characteristics of mobile populations, pre and post displacement, and conflict situations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 686, + 689, + "named" + ], + [ + 702, + 733, + "BSS <> data type" + ], + [ + 770, + 778, + "BSS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 780, + 789, + "BSS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 791, + 795, + "BSS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 996, + 1014, + "BSS <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There are six types of surveys and surveillance that need to be carried out, partially with project funding ( additional resources would need to be mobilized by IGAD for all these surveys and surveillance to be carried out ): BSS, sentinel HIV surveillance, health facility survey, rapid assessment at hot spots, mapping assessment, and regional assessment. a ) BSS: Customized behavioral surveillance surveys ( BSSs ) will be undertaken amongst refugees, returnees, IDPs, and surrounding populations. The BSS will be customized to allow for the inclusion of unique characteristics of mobile populations, pre and post displacement, and conflict situations.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "BSS refers to a structured collection of data gathered through customized behavioral surveillance surveys, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as customized behavioral surveillance surveys", + "specifically mentioned in context of data collection and analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, BSS is explicitly described as 'Customized behavioral surveillance surveys' which indicates that it is a serious method of data collection. The phrase 'will be undertaken' further emphasizes that this is an active framework for collecting data rather than merely a project name. Its listing with other survey types underscores that it has data-gathering intent, and it is not just an infrastructure or a platform without inherent data collection processes. A model may have interpreted it as a system or a tool due to the nature of its abbreviation which can imply a structured initiative. However, the specific description of surveys indicates that it directly collects and organizes data necessary for research, thus qualifying it as a dataset in this context. This underscores the distinction that while it may resemble or act as a project system, in this context, it is best viewed as a method to gather data, hence qualifies as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "BSS refers to a method of data collection through customized surveys aimed at specific populations, thereby qualifying it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 52, + "text": "29. Advocacy and communications about this new HIV ME system is essential. For this reason, communications plan will be included as part of the annual costed M & E work plan and will involve the PFO and M & E champions in each IGAD country. 30. Surveys and surveillance data will be used to track PDO-level project results. There are six types of surveys and surveillance that need to be carried out, partially with project funding ( additional resources would need to be mobilized by IGAD for all these surveys and surveillance to be carried out ): BSS, sentinel HIV surveillance, health facility survey, rapid assessment at hot spots, mapping assessment, and regional assessment. a ) BSS: Customized behavioral surveillance surveys ( BSSs ) will be undertaken amongst refugees, returnees, IDPs, and surrounding populations. The BSS will be customized to allow for the inclusion of unique characteristics of mobile populations, pre and post displacement, and conflict situations.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 830, + 833, + "named" + ], + [ + 702, + 733, + "BSS <> data type" + ], + [ + 770, + 778, + "BSS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 780, + 789, + "BSS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 791, + 795, + "BSS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "a ) BSS: Customized behavioral surveillance surveys ( BSSs ) will be undertaken amongst refugees, returnees, IDPs, and surrounding populations. The BSS will be customized to allow for the inclusion of unique characteristics of mobile populations, pre and post displacement, and conflict situations.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "BSS refers to a structured collection of data gathered through customized behavioral surveillance surveys, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project for performing surveys", + "described as customized behavioral surveillance surveys (BSSs)", + "not explicitly stated as a data source or a repository of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BSS' does not refer to a dataset but rather to the process of conducting customized behavioral surveillance surveys. The term is used to describe the method of data collection rather than a structured collection of data itself. Although a model might confuse 'BSS' as a dataset due to its appearance and mention in the context of surveys, it lacks explicit reference as a source of records or statistical information. The text does not indicate that 'BSS' contains data; instead, it signifies the surveys that will be undertaken. Therefore, it should not be treated as a dataset in this case, but rather as an initiative for data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'BSS' refers to the surveys that will be conducted, not a dataset; it describes a process rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 52, + "text": "UNHCR already has BSS information for some of the camps to be supported by the project, and if resources are made available in future, it is envisioned that the other camps would be covered by BSS as well. b ) Sentinel surveillance: Sentinel surveillance will be undertaken by IGAD member states, who will add additional sentinel sites to their national sentinel surveillance system \u2013 one in each refugee site, IDP site and surrounding population. Initially, only those sites supported by this project will be added. Later, when the regional HIV M & E strategy has been developed, all the sites and camps will be added to national sentinel surveillance. c ) Health facility surveys: At all health facilities in hot spots, a health facility survey will be undertaken to assess the availability of HIV related services in the health facilities that are servicing populations in the 14 hot spots. d ) Rapid assessment in hot spot areas: All 14 hot spot areas \u2013 the seven targeted for year 1 of implementation and the seven targeted for year 2 of implementation - will be assessed at the start of year 1.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 18, + 21, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "UNHCR already has BSS information for some of the camps to be supported by the project, and if resources are made available in future, it is envisioned that the other camps would be covered by BSS as well. b ) Sentinel surveillance: Sentinel surveillance will be undertaken by IGAD member states, who will add additional sentinel sites to their national sentinel surveillance system \u2013 one in each refugee site, IDP site and surrounding population.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "BSS refers to a structured collection of data related to health services and conditions in refugee camps, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of BSS information for support in camps", + "mentioned in relation to a project context", + "not explicitly described as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BSS' appears to refer to a type of information or system related to the health services in refugee camps rather than a standalone dataset. Although it is related to data collection efforts, the text does not explicitly define BSS as a dataset or structured collection of data. It instead discusses BSS in terms of its availability and potential future coverage in camps, implying it functions more as a project or system for health information, particularly in the context of supporting refugee camps. The combination of these factors suggests that while BSS contains data, it serves more as a framework or project rather than a concrete dataset. The model might have inferred it as a dataset based on its capitalized form and its connection to 'information,' but without clear indicators of it being a dataset, the line has to be drawn at seeing it as a system or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'BSS' is better understood as a project or system related to health information rather than a formal dataset, given the context of its mention and the absence of explicit references identifying it as a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 52, + "text": "UNHCR already has BSS information for some of the camps to be supported by the project, and if resources are made available in future, it is envisioned that the other camps would be covered by BSS as well. b ) Sentinel surveillance: Sentinel surveillance will be undertaken by IGAD member states, who will add additional sentinel sites to their national sentinel surveillance system \u2013 one in each refugee site, IDP site and surrounding population. Initially, only those sites supported by this project will be added. Later, when the regional HIV M & E strategy has been developed, all the sites and camps will be added to national sentinel surveillance. c ) Health facility surveys: At all health facilities in hot spots, a health facility survey will be undertaken to assess the availability of HIV related services in the health facilities that are servicing populations in the 14 hot spots. d ) Rapid assessment in hot spot areas: All 14 hot spot areas \u2013 the seven targeted for year 1 of implementation and the seven targeted for year 2 of implementation - will be assessed at the start of year 1.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 193, + 196, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "UNHCR already has BSS information for some of the camps to be supported by the project, and if resources are made available in future, it is envisioned that the other camps would be covered by BSS as well. b ) Sentinel surveillance: Sentinel surveillance will be undertaken by IGAD member states, who will add additional sentinel sites to their national sentinel surveillance system \u2013 one in each refugee site, IDP site and surrounding population.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "BSS refers to a structured collection of data related to health services and conditions, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of information for camps", + "not explicitly defined as a dataset", + "could refer to a system or project rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'BSS' is mentioned as information available for camps supported by the project, which implies that it could be a project, system, or a type of structured information rather than a discrete dataset. The context does not provide strong signals that BSS is utilized as a dataset for analysis; instead, it seems to refer to an overarching system or category under which various data points may be collected. The model might have mistaken the term for a dataset due to its capitalized form and potential familiarity in the field, influencing the decision without considering how it is framed in the passage. Additionally, the absence of phrases explicitly indicating data usage further supports the idea that it is more of a reference to a system or framework rather than a concrete dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'BSS' does not represent a distinct dataset; rather, it appears to be part of a system or project related to camp information and is not defined clearly as a dataset for research." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 53, + "text": "f ) Regional Assessment: The Most Significant Changes ( MSC ) technique is a proposed technique be used by IGAD in this project to assess the extent of and benefits to member states of regional collaboration in HIV and related diseases, given the dynamic, unknown and diverse impacts of regional collaboration. MSC is a qualitative, inductive evaluation technique. It is a form of participatory and inductive evaluation - It is participatory because many project stakeholders are involved both in deciding the sorts of change to be recorded and in analyzing the data. It is inductive because indicators are not developed up front for which data are then collected; domains of change are defined only after stories of most significant change have been collected. It contributes to evaluation because it provides data on impact and outcomes that can be used to help assess the performance of the program as a whole. The decision to use MSC is based on the GLIA, where this technique is used to identify and quantify the organic, dynamic and unintended results from regional collaboration. Essentially, the process involves the collection of significant change ( SC ) stories emanating from the field level, and the systematic selection of the most significant of these stories by panels of designated stakeholders or staff. The designated staff and stakeholders are initially involved by \u2018 searching \u2019 for project impact.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 954, + 958, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It contributes to evaluation because it provides data on impact and outcomes that can be used to help assess the performance of the program as a whole. The decision to use MSC is based on the GLIA, where this technique is used to identify and quantify the organic, dynamic and unintended results from regional collaboration. Essentially, the process involves the collection of significant change ( SC ) stories emanating from the field level, and the systematic selection of the most significant of these stories by panels of designated stakeholders or staff.", + "type": "initiative", + "explanation": "GLIA refers to an initiative or framework used to guide the evaluation process, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a decision-making framework rather than a data source", + "not mentioned in the context of containing records or statistics", + "implies a technique for impact evaluation instead of providing raw data", + "mentioned as part of the method used for analysis but not as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GLIA' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a framework or methodology guiding the evaluation process. The text does not present GLIA as containing concrete data or records; instead, it functions as the theoretical basis for using other data collected from the field. It is referenced in terms of its influence on the decision to use a specific evaluation technique (MSC) but does not imply that GLIA itself is a structured dataset. The model may have confused GLIA as a dataset due to its capitalization and its introduction alongside phrases that suggest data use, but further inspection shows it's positioned more as a concept or guiding tool than an actual data repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "GLIA is not a dataset in this instance; it serves as a framework for evaluation rather than a collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 70, + "text": "14. A Short term financial management consultant, experienced in system design, will be recruited to prepare a comprehensive financial management system ( accounting, disbursement, procurement, financial and procurement reporting ), integrating the project monitoring system and the activities of the Component Coordinators ( i. e., refugee sites, IDPs and cross-border mobile populations and health harmonization ). 16. Information systems: The existing computerized accounting \u2018 SUN \u2019 system currently being used to report on IGAD finances will be used to report on project finances. This software will be customized to produce IDA reporting requirements. The system is a user friendly and currently operating three accounting modules: ledger, corporate allocation or budget, and asset register. All finance staff including those in the two offices Nairobi and Ethiopia have received adequate training to operate the system. There is adequate internal IT support within IGAD provided by the System Administrator. Additional support is provided by the SUN office in Nairobi on annual basis for upgrade of the system and training of the users. IGAD plans are to expand the integrated system to the two offices Nairobi and Ethiopia by end of April 2007.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 481, + 484, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16. Information systems: The existing computerized accounting \u2018 SUN \u2019 system currently being used to report on IGAD finances will be used to report on project finances. This software will be customized to produce IDA reporting requirements.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "The term 'SUN' refers to a software system used for accounting and financial reporting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a software system", + "focused on reporting functionality", + "not discussed as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'SUN' is a software system utilized for accounting and financial reporting rather than a dataset. The phrasing 'currently being used to report on IGAD finances' indicates that it serves a functional purpose in managing and processing financial data, rather than serving as a stored collection of data. The mention of customization implies a tool that adapts to reporting needs rather than providing a discrete set of data for analysis. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of 'SUN', which suggests it could be a proper noun like a dataset or project name, combined with its proximity to discussions about reporting data. However, the context makes it clear that this is about the system's capabilities and functionalities.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'SUN' is not a dataset; it is an accounting system used for reporting, focusing more on its role as a tool rather than as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "158_40156", + "page": 70, + "text": "14. A Short term financial management consultant, experienced in system design, will be recruited to prepare a comprehensive financial management system ( accounting, disbursement, procurement, financial and procurement reporting ), integrating the project monitoring system and the activities of the Component Coordinators ( i. e., refugee sites, IDPs and cross-border mobile populations and health harmonization ). 16. Information systems: The existing computerized accounting \u2018 SUN \u2019 system currently being used to report on IGAD finances will be used to report on project finances. This software will be customized to produce IDA reporting requirements. The system is a user friendly and currently operating three accounting modules: ledger, corporate allocation or budget, and asset register. All finance staff including those in the two offices Nairobi and Ethiopia have received adequate training to operate the system. There is adequate internal IT support within IGAD provided by the System Administrator. Additional support is provided by the SUN office in Nairobi on annual basis for upgrade of the system and training of the users. IGAD plans are to expand the integrated system to the two offices Nairobi and Ethiopia by end of April 2007.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1053, + 1056, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "There is adequate internal IT support within IGAD provided by the System Administrator. Additional support is provided by the SUN office in Nairobi on annual basis for upgrade of the system and training of the users. IGAD plans are to expand the integrated system to the two offices Nairobi and Ethiopia by end of April 2007.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "The term 'SUN' refers to a computerized accounting system, which is software used for financial management, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a support system provided by the SUN office", + "focus on system upgrades and training, not a data collection", + "contextual clues indicate it's an IT infrastructure rather than a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'SUN' is described within the context of providing IT support and enhancements to a system, highlighting its function in training users and managing upgrades rather than being a source of structured data. The text emphasizes that it is a system with administrative functions, as opposed to a dataset containing comprehensive records or statistics. The term does not follow phrases typically associated with datasets, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on', which further reinforces that it's not categorized as a dataset in this context. A model might have confused 'SUN' as a dataset due to the capitalization and the potential it suggests for storing or managing data; however, it becomes clear upon further evaluation that it operates more as software infrastructure without direct implications of being a dataset in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'SUN' refers to a management information system and not a dataset, as indicated by its role in providing IT support and training, rather than being a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 11, + "text": "Technical Audit: This would independently monitor whether construction complies with agreed technical standards. It would audit a 5 % sample o f beneficiaries in all refugee camps and i t s recommendations would feed into ongoing construction and subsequent rounds o f project supervision. It would review civil works in the water and environment mitigation components as well. 30. Housing. Assessment Survey: The IDP land profile has changed significantly in recent months due to the rapid regularization o f property title. A Housing Assessment Survey would revalidate the household profile, the classification o f house and land ownership in each refugee camp and the precise construction needs in the case o f a partly-completed house. It would build upon the results o f the UNHCR supervised census, the EA and the Social Assessment ( SA ). The survey would help technical officers to certify payment to eligible households, supervise construction and facilitate implementation roll out. 6", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 528, + 553, + "named" + ], + [ + 166, + 179, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 575, + 592, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Assessment Survey: The IDP land profile has changed significantly in recent months due to the rapid regularization o f property title. A Housing Assessment Survey would revalidate the household profile, the classification o f house and land ownership in each refugee camp and the precise construction needs in the case o f a partly-completed house. It would build upon the results o f the UNHCR supervised census, the EA and the Social Assessment ( SA ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Housing Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data used to revalidate household profiles and assess construction needs in refugee camps.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an assessment survey, not as a data source", + "mentioned alongside the UNHCR supervised census and Social Assessment, which are actual datasets", + "focus is on methodology and outcomes rather than data storage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Housing Assessment Survey' refers to a specific survey methodology aimed at revalidating household profiles and construction needs in refugee camps. While it does imply a structured collection of data, it does not present itself as an independent dataset from which analysis is conducted. Rather, it is a project or an assessment tool that would generate data relevant to the refugee situation but is not explicitly characterized as a repository or source of data. The model might have been confused because 'Housing Assessment Survey' sounds like a formal data collection effort and is capitalized like a proper name, making it appear significant in the context of analysis. Additionally, it was listed alongside other assessments, which might have misled the model into interpreting it as a dataset itself. The absence of any phrase like 'uses data from\u2026' and the focus on the survey's purpose rather than its outputs reinforce the understanding that this term behaves more like a project than a concrete dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Housing Assessment Survey' is not treated as a dataset in this context as it refers to the methodology for a survey rather than a data source, lacking explicit indicators that it functions as a repository of structured records." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 23, + "text": "Homeowner Driven Construction: PHP \u2019 s strategy i s to provide cash grants to build houses. I t s operational scope i s to target those IDP families living in poor housing conditions as determined by the UNHCR survey. The cash grants would be used to replace all temporary and complete all partly - completed houses through the homeowner driven strategy. Those IDPs with permanent houses would not receive the cash grants except to build sanitation units if required. Basic community services such as drinking water, sanitation and environment management would cover all IDPs and select adjacent non IDP communities. Inclusiveness: The sequencing o f refugee camps for housing assistance was done on the basis o f a two stage screening process. All 141 IDP camps were ranked using social indicators that measured housing vulnerability. They were then screened in terms of environmental feasibility for the purpose o f phasing the investment. Based on this ranking, 20 camps were identified for Phase 1 o f the PHP. Building on Past Projects: The design o f the housing component i s based upon the successful IDA - financed NEHRP. It i s premised on the homeowner driven approach that entails the phased release o f cash grants upon meeting construction milestones as verified by the technical officers.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 204, + 216, + "named" + ], + [ + 136, + 148, + "UNHCR survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 781, + 798, + "UNHCR survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Homeowner Driven Construction: PHP \u2019 s strategy i s to provide cash grants to build houses. I t s operational scope i s to target those IDP families living in poor housing conditions as determined by the UNHCR survey. The cash grants would be used to replace all temporary and complete all partly - completed houses through the homeowner driven strategy.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UNHCR survey is a structured collection of data used to assess housing conditions for IDP families.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described in relation to evaluating housing conditions", + "explicitly referred to in the context of targeting families based on survey results" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, the 'UNHCR survey' is integral to the analysis since it provides the criteria for determining which families are targeted for housing aid. The context indicates that the survey itself is used to assess conditions, which implies it is being referenced for its data content. This reinforces the idea that the survey is treated as a structured data source rather than just a general project. However, a model may have found it confusing due to 'UNHCR' often being affiliated with broader humanitarian initiatives, leading one to think of it as a project rather than its specific data-gathering function.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UNHCR survey' is considered a dataset here because it is specified as a source that informs the operational strategy based on assessed housing conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 29, + "text": "The quarterly progress reports would contain the information listed below: Beneficiaries and Refugee Camps 0 0 Number o f households 0 0 Percentage o f women-headed households Name o f the Refugee Camp Number o f temporary and partly-completed houses Grievances 0 0 0 0 Ruling Number o f grievances disaggregated by refugee camp Name o f IDP household that submits the grievance Time taken for grievance procedure Construction Status of Refugee Camps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Name o f the refugee camp Number o f households with resources on site at a particular date Number o f houses at window level at an identified date Number o f houses at lintel level on an identified date Number o f houses with completed superstructure on an identified date Number o f completed houses at an identified date Delays ( if any ) and causes for delay Number o f water supply schemes categorized by type Kilometres o f internal roads upgraded Reporting Requirements The PPU has developed a simple database to facilitate project recording and reporting. It would prepare Quarterly Progress Reports for the PSC and IDA. For purposes o f data collection and reporting, the PPU would work closely with the NWSDB and the NWPRD. The PPU would monitor the Grievance 24", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1182, + 1187, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It would prepare Quarterly Progress Reports for the PSC and IDA. For purposes o f data collection and reporting, the PPU would work closely with the NWSDB and the NWPRD. The PPU would monitor the Grievance 24", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NWSDB refers to an organization, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside organizations", + "not described as a data source", + "context indicates NWSDB is an organization (National Water Supply and Drainage Board)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'NWSDB' appears to refer to a specific organization, the National Water Supply and Drainage Board, rather than a structured collection of data or a dataset. Although it is mentioned in a context that discusses data collection and reporting, it does not explicitly identify itself as a source of data. A potential confusion for models may arise from the acronym itself, as it could be mistaken for something that holds data, particularly when placed in sentences that involve data processes. The model might interpret 'NWSDB' as a dataset mainly due to its mention alongside terms relevant to reporting, but the absence of evidence framing it as a data source clearly indicates it's more of an operational or infrastructural entity supporting data activities rather than a distinct dataset to be analyzed. Therefore, in this case, I lean towards classifying 'NWSDB' as an organization rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NWSDB' is identified as an organization, specifically the National Water Supply and Drainage Board, involved in data-related activities rather than as a concrete dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 29, + "text": "The quarterly progress reports would contain the information listed below: Beneficiaries and Refugee Camps 0 0 Number o f households 0 0 Percentage o f women-headed households Name o f the Refugee Camp Number o f temporary and partly-completed houses Grievances 0 0 0 0 Ruling Number o f grievances disaggregated by refugee camp Name o f IDP household that submits the grievance Time taken for grievance procedure Construction Status of Refugee Camps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Name o f the refugee camp Number o f households with resources on site at a particular date Number o f houses at window level at an identified date Number o f houses at lintel level on an identified date Number o f houses with completed superstructure on an identified date Number o f completed houses at an identified date Delays ( if any ) and causes for delay Number o f water supply schemes categorized by type Kilometres o f internal roads upgraded Reporting Requirements The PPU has developed a simple database to facilitate project recording and reporting. It would prepare Quarterly Progress Reports for the PSC and IDA. For purposes o f data collection and reporting, the PPU would work closely with the NWSDB and the NWPRD. The PPU would monitor the Grievance 24", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1196, + 1201, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It would prepare Quarterly Progress Reports for the PSC and IDA. For purposes o f data collection and reporting, the PPU would work closely with the NWSDB and the NWPRD. The PPU would monitor the Grievance 24", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "NWPRD refers to an organization involved in project monitoring and reporting, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside organizations involved in reporting", + "not described as containing structured data", + "does not serve as a primary source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'NWPRD' appears to refer to an organization rather than a dataset. The surrounding text indicates that it collaborates with the PPU and the NWSDB for data collection and reporting, suggesting it plays a role in the project management or oversight rather than serving as a concrete source of data. The model may have misinterpreted 'NWPRD' as a dataset due to its capitalized format (suggesting a proper name) and the proximity to phrases related to data usage. However, without explicit mention of it being a 'dataset' or containing structured records, it's more appropriate to categorize it as an organization or project rather than a data source. The distinction lies in the fact that it does not contain the data itself but rather connects with others in the data collection process.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "NWPRD is identified as an organization supporting project monitoring rather than a structured data source, thus it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 33, + "text": "The IDPs had been encouraged to put up new thatched huts on the eve o f the housing project in order to be entitled to the cash grant. However, the U N H C R Survey conducted in April 2006 would be the baseline and cut o f f point to determine eligibility for housing assistance. Sequencing o f RefuPee Camps for Implementation The phasing o f refugee camps for housing support was done on the basis o f a two stage screening process. Relying upon U N H C R data, all 141 IDP camps were socially ranked using three indicators i. e. ( i ) percentage o f temporary houses in a camp; ( ii ) percentage o f families possessing land in a camp; and ( iii ) percentage o f families in a camp who opted to settle in Puttalam. These indicators were assigned scores o f 75, 15 and 10 respectively in keeping with community perceptions as to their relative weight. The socially ranked camps were then screened in terms o f three environmental indicators i. e. ( i ) flooding, ( ii ) land surface and ( iii ) quality o f environment. 25 camps were thus identified for Phase 1 o f the PHP.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 148, + 164, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 8, + "U N H C R Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 178, + 188, + "U N H C R Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 472, + 481, + "U N H C R Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 538, + 579, + "U N H C R Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 588, + 637, + "U N H C R Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 708, + 716, + "U N H C R Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The IDPs had been encouraged to put up new thatched huts on the eve o f the housing project in order to be entitled to the cash grant. However, the U N H C R Survey conducted in April 2006 would be the baseline and cut o f f point to determine eligibility for housing assistance. Sequencing o f RefuPee Camps for Implementation The phasing o f refugee camps for housing support was done on the basis o f a two stage screening process.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UNHCR Survey is a structured collection of data used to determine eligibility for housing assistance, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018the baseline and cut off point\u2019", + "described as a survey that collects data", + "implies existence of structured records for eligibility determination" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'U N H C R Survey' is referred to as a significant reference point for eligibility in a housing assistance program. The term explicitly indicates it was conducted and serves a foundational purpose for analysis, which strongly supports the idea that it functions like a dataset here. It's important to consider that the model might confuse it with project or system names due to the formal designation of 'Survey' and capitalization. However, in the context provided, it is clear that the term denotes a compiled set of data used for analysis, distinguishing it from mere projects or information systems that might house such data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'U N H C R Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context since it is directly linked to eligibility assessments for housing assistance and implies a structured set of records." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 33, + "text": "The UNHCR supervised a census o f refugee camps in Puttalam in April, 2006. The survey provided detailed information on IDPs living in refugee camps. This included the number o f refugee camps, number o f families in each camp, their level o f education, vulnerability, employment status, obstacles to return, extent o f land ownership and title to such land, type o f houses and other relevant socio-economic information. ii. The PHP sponsored a Social Assessment ( SA ) o f IDPs in Puttalam which mapped the type o f housing, land ownership, possession o f title, livelihood opportunity, socio-economic profile, social capital, and the relationship between IDPs and non-IDPs. It did this through focus group discussions and beneficiary interviews using participatory rural appraisal methods in 11 1 refugee camps. iii. The Environmental Assessment ( EA ) reviewed the suitability o f 111 refugee camps for housing construction. The PPU used a questionnaire - Environmental Checklist - to obtain basic data. This was followed by an in-depth examination o f environmental suitability in each camp. The report provided important information such as drainage conditions, solid waste disposal, sanitation facilities and the threat o f flooding. This was a deciding factor for the sequencing o f refugee camps for housing assistance. 28", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 961, + 984, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Environmental Assessment ( EA ) reviewed the suitability o f 111 refugee camps for housing construction. The PPU used a questionnaire - Environmental Checklist - to obtain basic data. This was followed by an in-depth examination o f environmental suitability in each camp.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The 'Environmental Checklist' refers to a tool used for data collection rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a tool for data collection", + "not a structured collection of data in itself", + "used to obtain basic data but not the dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In assessing the term 'Environmental Checklist', it's important to note that the surrounding sentences clarify its role as a tool for gathering data rather than as an actual dataset. The phrase 'used a questionnaire - Environmental Checklist - to obtain basic data' explicitly indicates that the checklist is a mechanism for data collection rather than a concrete set of data records. While the model might have been led to think that it is a dataset due to its capitalization and mention after a verb phrasing that suggests data usage, the key distinction here is that the checklist is a questionnaire used in the assessment process rather than an aggregation of structured data itself. This confusion is often encountered when tools or instruments are named similarly to datasets, especially when they are capitalized, making them appear like proper nouns for data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Environmental Checklist' refers to a data collection tool rather than a dataset, as it is described as a questionnaire utilized to obtain data rather than a structured data repository." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 34, + "text": "The PPU would publicize the criteria for the selection o f refugee camps in each phase, the identification of beneficiaries, details on the cash grant scheme and disbursement procedure. The communication campaign, to be monitored by UNHCR, would ensure transparency, accountability and allow IDPs to avail o f the grievance redressal mechanism. Housing Assessment Survey Since 25 % o f the housing caseload falls under the partly-completed category, it was necessary to verify the precise physical improvement required. This was done through a Housing Assessment Survey conducted by the PPU. While a permanent housing unit was defined in keeping with the core housing concept used by the Government for the conflict and tsunami housing programs, any unit not falling within the minimum physical specification o f a permanent house and definition o f a temporary thatched house was considered a partly-completed unit. The Housing Assessment Survey determined the extent of physical improvement required for the partly-completed houses be it a permanent roof, additional room ( s ), toilet, permanent flooring / plastering, etc. Houses with poor foundation that require reconstruction were categorized as a temporary unit. The Housing Assessment Survey provided a template for project implementation with basic information such as name and identification number o f the beneficiary, bank account, type o f land ownership, type o f house and type o f physical construction required in the case o f partly-completed houses. It would be the baseline document in each beneficiary file. Project Implementation Physical Construction Requirement. A permanent housing unit i s defined as one with:.. One safe ( closed ) room,. Kitchen ( internal or external ),. Veranda,. Permanent roof,. Permanent floor / internal plastering, and. Independent toilet. A minimum plinth area o f 500 square ft, 29", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 345, + 370, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 7, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 292, + 296, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 587, + 590, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1379, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1381, + 1393, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1395, + 1418, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1420, + 1434, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The communication campaign, to be monitored by UNHCR, would ensure transparency, accountability and allow IDPs to avail o f the grievance redressal mechanism. Housing Assessment Survey Since 25 % o f the housing caseload falls under the partly-completed category, it was necessary to verify the precise physical improvement required. This was done through a Housing Assessment Survey conducted by the PPU.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Housing Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the physical improvement required for housing units, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey conducting an assessment", + "provides information on housing conditions", + "indicates structured data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Housing Assessment Survey' is framed as a specific study designed to gather data regarding the housing conditions of internally displaced persons (IDPs). The text refers to this survey as being conducted by the PPU and emphasizes its role in verifying necessary physical improvements to housing units. This suggests that the survey is fundamentally a method of data collection rather than just a name of a project or system. The flags that lead to the conclusion that this is indeed a dataset include its description as a survey that collects structured data about housing conditions. Although the term might resemble a project title, its use in the sentence indicates it is a source of data used for analysis, especially with the accompanying assertion of needing to conduct an assessment. The confusion might arise if the term were not explicitly tied to systematic data collection, but in this case, the context aligns with it being treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Housing Assessment Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it explicitly refers to a structured collection of data aimed at assessing housing conditions, not merely a project or system; thus, it fulfills the criteria for being a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 34, + "text": "The PPU would publicize the criteria for the selection o f refugee camps in each phase, the identification of beneficiaries, details on the cash grant scheme and disbursement procedure. The communication campaign, to be monitored by UNHCR, would ensure transparency, accountability and allow IDPs to avail o f the grievance redressal mechanism. Housing Assessment Survey Since 25 % o f the housing caseload falls under the partly-completed category, it was necessary to verify the precise physical improvement required. This was done through a Housing Assessment Survey conducted by the PPU. While a permanent housing unit was defined in keeping with the core housing concept used by the Government for the conflict and tsunami housing programs, any unit not falling within the minimum physical specification o f a permanent house and definition o f a temporary thatched house was considered a partly-completed unit. The Housing Assessment Survey determined the extent of physical improvement required for the partly-completed houses be it a permanent roof, additional room ( s ), toilet, permanent flooring / plastering, etc. Houses with poor foundation that require reconstruction were categorized as a temporary unit. The Housing Assessment Survey provided a template for project implementation with basic information such as name and identification number o f the beneficiary, bank account, type o f land ownership, type o f house and type o f physical construction required in the case o f partly-completed houses. It would be the baseline document in each beneficiary file. Project Implementation Physical Construction Requirement. A permanent housing unit i s defined as one with:.. One safe ( closed ) room,. Kitchen ( internal or external ),. Veranda,. Permanent roof,. Permanent floor / internal plastering, and. Independent toilet. A minimum plinth area o f 500 square ft, 29", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 544, + 569, + "named" + ], + [ + 4, + 7, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 292, + 296, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 587, + 590, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1329, + 1379, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1381, + 1393, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1395, + 1418, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1420, + 1434, + "Housing Assessment Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Housing Assessment Survey Since 25 % o f the housing caseload falls under the partly-completed category, it was necessary to verify the precise physical improvement required. This was done through a Housing Assessment Survey conducted by the PPU. While a permanent housing unit was defined in keeping with the core housing concept used by the Government for the conflict and tsunami housing programs, any unit not falling within the minimum physical specification o f a permanent house and definition o f a temporary thatched house was considered a partly-completed unit.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Housing Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess the physical improvement required for housing units, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey that collects data", + "indicates a structured collection for housing assessment", + "uses data to verify physical improvements" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Housing Assessment Survey' is indeed treated as a dataset because it is explicitly defined as a survey that collects data regarding housing conditions. The text discusses how the survey was used for assessing physical improvements required in housing units, implying that it serves the function of gathering and structuring data relevant to housing assessments. Additionally, there are no indications that it is solely a project name or a management information system; rather, it is an instrumental tool designed to obtain specific data. The terminology used around this phrase supports its interpretation as a concrete data source rather than just a general system. The model might have been confused due to the term 'Survey,' which could also imply a broader project aspect or initiative, but the direct relation to data collection reinforces its classification as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Housing Assessment Survey' is considered a dataset in this context because it is described as an organized method of data collection specifically aimed at housing assessment, which aligns with the characteristics of a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns. Please see Annex 3 for more information. Social Safeguard Issues: Overall, the PHP i s expected to have limited negative social impact. None o f the PHP components include activities that trigger a drastic change with adverse social consequences. The housing assistance will provide support for the construction or upgrading o f already existing temporary or partly-completed houses o f those IDP families with uncontestable land title. This i s a socially feasible program targeted at poor IDP families who were forcibly displaced and have since lived in temporary shelters in their preferred location o f choice for 16 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 17, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 65, + "Assessment Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 101, + 153, + "Assessment Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 273, + 283, + "Assessment Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 330, + 343, + "Assessment Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 513, + 527, + "Assessment Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Assessment Survey is a structured collection of data that includes demographic characteristics and other relevant information for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data from'", + "described as containing demographic characteristics and other relevant information", + "suggests it is an actual survey collecting data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Assessment Survey' follows the phrase 'Data from', which explicitly implies that it is a source of data being utilized for research purposes. Furthermore, the details provided indicate that this survey collects structured data relating to demographic characteristics, income, livelihood activities, and other relevant conditions. This strongly suggests that it functions as a proper dataset for the context it is used in. While the term 'Assessment Survey' could potentially also refer to a project name or a tool used for data collection, the explicit mention of 'data\u2019 and the structured nature of the information make it clear that it is being treated as a dataset here. There might be potential confusion for a model regarding its status as a project or system, but the clear indications of data collection capabilities and the presence of information that typically comprises datasets affirm its designation as an actual dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Assessment Survey' behaves as a real dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of data containing structured demographic and other relevant information, following a statement that clearly indicates it is used for data analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns. Please see Annex 3 for more information. Social Safeguard Issues: Overall, the PHP i s expected to have limited negative social impact. None o f the PHP components include activities that trigger a drastic change with adverse social consequences. The housing assistance will provide support for the construction or upgrading o f already existing temporary or partly-completed houses o f those IDP families with uncontestable land title. This i s a socially feasible program targeted at poor IDP families who were forcibly displaced and have since lived in temporary shelters in their preferred location o f choice for 16 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 41, + 44, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "CSP refers to a program and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to a survey and not as a data source", + "annexed to the CSP suggests it is part of a broader framework or project", + "secondary mention of data sources without direct reference to CSP as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'CSP' is referenced as something that will be annexed to a survey, which indicates that it is a framework or program rather than a standalone dataset. The phrase 'data from the UNHCR supervised survey' clearly denotes that the actual dataset being referred to is linked to the survey data and not 'CSP' itself. This could lead to confusion for models interpreting 'CSP' as a dataset because it is mentioned in proximity to actual data sources, but it functions more as a project reference or systemic framework. The model might get misled due to the capitalization and the phrasing, as they typically signal datasets, but here it signifies a programmatic context instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "CSP is not treated as a dataset in this context but rather as a project or framework linked to the survey data, making it a crucial distinction as it does not represent a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns. Please see Annex 3 for more information. Social Safeguard Issues: Overall, the PHP i s expected to have limited negative social impact. None o f the PHP components include activities that trigger a drastic change with adverse social consequences. The housing assistance will provide support for the construction or upgrading o f already existing temporary or partly-completed houses o f those IDP families with uncontestable land title. This i s a socially feasible program targeted at poor IDP families who were forcibly displaced and have since lived in temporary shelters in their preferred location o f choice for 16 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 60, + 83, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 65, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 101, + 153, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 273, + 283, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 330, + 343, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 513, + 527, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1278, + 1295, + "UNHCR supervised survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The UNHCR supervised survey is a structured collection of data that includes demographic characteristics and other relevant information about beneficiary families, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Data from'", + "described as including demographic characteristics", + "provides extensive baseline data for future development" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'UNHCR supervised survey' is treated as a dataset because it clearly states that the survey contains demographic characteristics and vulnerability conditions. The phrase 'Data from the UNHCR supervised survey' suggests that it is a primary source used in the analysis, which indicates a structured collection of data rather than just a project or system. While it is possible that 'UNHCR supervised survey' could refer to a project or methodology, the explicit mention of the data it collects reinforces its classification as a dataset in this instance. This distinction is further supported by the context, which indicates that the data serves as baseline information for future monitoring, solidifying its role as a concrete source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'UNHCR supervised survey' is a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referred to as a source of structured demographic data, fulfilling the function of a dataset in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns. Please see Annex 3 for more information. Social Safeguard Issues: Overall, the PHP i s expected to have limited negative social impact. None o f the PHP components include activities that trigger a drastic change with adverse social consequences. The housing assistance will provide support for the construction or upgrading o f already existing temporary or partly-completed houses o f those IDP families with uncontestable land title. This i s a socially feasible program targeted at poor IDP families who were forcibly displaced and have since lived in temporary shelters in their preferred location o f choice for 16 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 306, + 309, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "CSP refers to a program and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of a project description", + "described as providing baseline data for future monitoring", + "not specified as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CSP' appears to refer to the Continuous Social Impact Assessment (CSIA) project, rather than representing a distinct structured dataset. The description emphasizes its role in providing baseline data for future purposes, but does not clarify that 'CSP' itself is a dataset. It's depicted more as a framework or initiative aimed at assessing social impacts rather than a specific collection of data. The model could have been confused because 'CSP' is capitalized and appears in conjunction with mentions of data and assessments, which might suggest it has data-related significance. However, lacking clear phrasing indicating it as a data repository leads me to believe it is better considered a project than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "CSP is primarily referenced as a project/initiative in the text and not directly as a dataset, as the context focuses on its function in relation to data collection and monitoring without defining it as a distinct data source." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Assessment Survey will be annexed to the CSP. Data from the UNHCR supervised survey in turn includes demographic characteristics o f beneficiary families, income and livelihood activities, housing condition, land ownership and other vulnerability conditions etc updated in April 2006. This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns. Please see Annex 3 for more information. Social Safeguard Issues: Overall, the PHP i s expected to have limited negative social impact. None o f the PHP components include activities that trigger a drastic change with adverse social consequences. The housing assistance will provide support for the construction or upgrading o f already existing temporary or partly-completed houses o f those IDP families with uncontestable land title. This i s a socially feasible program targeted at poor IDP families who were forcibly displaced and have since lived in temporary shelters in their preferred location o f choice for 16 years.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 433, + 437, + "named" + ], + [ + 273, + 283, + "CSIA <> reference year" + ], + [ + 513, + 527, + "CSIA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 574, + 620, + "CSIA <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This complements the CSP providing extensive baseline data for future development and monitoring purposes. Continuous Social Impact Assessment: The CSIA will record community perceptions and grievances on the identification o f IDP households for participation in the housing program, the resentment between IDP and non IDP communities and social issues that impact upon project implementation. This would offer a useful tool for the PPU to introduce mid-course corrections to address grass roots concerns.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "CSIA refers to a structured collection of data regarding community perceptions and grievances, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Continuous Social Impact Assessment", + "mentioned as a tool for recording perceptions and grievances", + "focus is on project implementation rather than on data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'CSIA' refers to the Continuous Social Impact Assessment, which is described as a tool or methodology for collecting qualitative data on community perceptions and grievances. While it does involve recording data, it is framed more as a project/process rather than a standalone dataset. The focus on the utility and implementation aspect (`a useful tool for the PPU`) suggests that it is not simply a dataset but rather a framework for continuous assessment. This might be confounding for models which identify mentions of structured data sources and associated systems, leading to misclassification, particularly since 'CSIA' sounds like it could be a named dataset. However, it lacks the specificity and distinct identification typically associated with datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "CSIA in this context behaves more like a methodological framework for assessment rather than a concrete dataset. It is primarily described as a tool for gathering qualitative insights rather than as a structured or organized set of data records." + }, + { + "filename": "159_38147core", + "page": 71, + "text": "Social Imuact and Mitigation: The IDP household will need to demonstrate clear title to land to receive the housing support cash grant. This i s intended to safeguard against the threat o f eviction and reduce the potential for political and economic exploitation. The Ministry o f Resettlement has established a Land Task Force to help regularize issues relating to land title in relation to the PHP. This was set up on the lines o f that currently in operation in the North and East to expedite the issuance o f land deeds. According to the U N H C R supervised Survey ( 2006 ), 74 % o f IDPs in the refugee camps own land in Puttalam and 55 % possess legal documentation to support that. According to the Survey, 72 % o f those with landownership informed that they had purchased the land - in some cases, they bought the land on which the refugee camp i s located where all IDP families o f the camp possess title deeds; others collectively bought land outside the refugee camp. 3 % o f those with land ownership revealed that they had received the land through donation. Among those who possess documentary evidence o f landownership, an overwhelming 97 % had outright deeds, whereas only 1. 5 % held permits and 1 % grants or 0. 5 % leases. 66", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 543, + 570, + "named" + ], + [ + 573, + 577, + "U N H C R supervised Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 590, + 615, + "U N H C R supervised Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 628, + 636, + "U N H C R supervised Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This was set up on the lines o f that currently in operation in the North and East to expedite the issuance o f land deeds. According to the U N H C R supervised Survey ( 2006 ), 74 % o f IDPs in the refugee camps own land in Puttalam and 55 % possess legal documentation to support that. According to the Survey, 72 % o f those with landownership informed that they had purchased the land - in some cases, they bought the land on which the refugee camp i s located where all IDP families o f the camp possess title deeds; others collectively bought land outside the refugee camp.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey that collects structured data regarding land ownership among IDPs, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'According to...'", + "described as a survey that collects data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'U N H C R supervised Survey' clearly refers to a specific survey conducted under the supervision of the UNHCR. It is frequently noted as a source of information regarding the land ownership of internally displaced persons (IDPs), which implies that it provides a structured set of data about this issue. The phrase 'According to the Survey' signals that the information presented is derived from the results of this specific survey, marking it as a credible data source for the analysis being discussed. Furthermore, the nature of the information shared (percentages and ownership statistics) supports the idea that it is not merely a project or system but rather a dataset that compiles and presents structured data for analysis. Potential confusion might arise from the naming convention of surveys, which may imply a broader project or system, but the context here emphasizes its role as a data source rather than just a framework or tool for collecting data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'U N H C R supervised Survey' behaves as a dataset mention in this context because it refers to a specific survey providing structured data about land ownership, directly cited in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 7, + "text": "by Region. Public expenditures seem to benefit the rich more than the poor as hospitalization i s the most subsidized of public health services and the 10 % wealthiest use almost a quarter o f the hospitalization expenditures. c ) Insufficient Health expenditures: Health expenditures in relation to total government expenditure are extremely low in Guinea. Government spending on health even decreased from less than 1 % o f GDP in 1993 to approximately 0. 75 % in 1998. The sector \u2019 s recurrent expenditure represents only 5. 6 % o f the country \u2019 s total recurrent budget, and the share o f health sector investment budget i s around 4. 75 o f the Government \u2019 s total investment budget. Health sector budget allocations have been invariably low over the past decade, representing less than \u2018 / 4 o f the education sector budget allocation, when in most countries this ratio i s closer to half. d ) Poor Budget execution: The already low budgetary allocation i s further hampered by poor execution; the executed budget i s 30 % o f the allocated budget, according to a Health Expenditures Tracking Survey undertaken in 2003.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1072, + 1107, + "named" + ], + [ + 350, + 356, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1122, + 1126, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1143, + 1161, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Health sector budget allocations have been invariably low over the past decade, representing less than \u2018 / 4 o f the education sector budget allocation, when in most countries this ratio i s closer to half. d ) Poor Budget execution: The already low budgetary allocation i s further hampered by poor execution; the executed budget i s 30 % o f the allocated budget, according to a Health Expenditures Tracking Survey undertaken in 2003.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey that collects data on health expenditures, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "described as a survey that collects data on health expenditures" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' is introduced following the phrase 'according to', which suggests that it is the source of the information being presented. The nature of the term, being described explicitly as a survey, indicates that it likely involves structured data collection aimed at assessing health expenditures. This aligns well with what constitutes a dataset as it represents a systematic gathering of data meant for analysis. The potential confusion could arise if one perceives it merely as a project or system without recognizing its direct data collection purpose. However, here it clearly functions as a source of data, reinforcing its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' serves as a structured data source for health expenditures, confirming its role as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 13, + "text": "4. Lessons learned and reflected in the project design This operation builds on the lessons learned from three previous health operations financed by the World Bank since 1988 ( see Annex 15, where the Guinean coordinators o f those projects themselves listed the lessons to retain ). For example, working at the community level, reinforcing the Bamako Initiative and introducing health mutuals i s something that was seen as very positive and would be financed again here. This operation would also build on existing successful operations, namely the Urban Project I11 which has started writing agreements between the central govemment and municipalities. The MOH would follow the same approach and strengthen this system by better defining the role o f the DRS and DPS in relation to elected bodies such as municipalities and CRDs. Finally, preparation o f this project benefited from sector work such as the Health Expenditures Review, the Health Expenditures Tracking Survey, the Guinea Country Status Report, which all provided insight on problems to be tackled. 5. Alternatives considered and reasons for rejection At the outset o f project preparation, because o f the interest in moving towards budget support, a SWAP approach was considered. However common pooling o f donors \u2019 resources was not considered feasible in the context o f the problems which the Public Expenditures Review highlighted.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 943, + 978, + "named" + ], + [ + 154, + 164, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1439, + 1457, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The MOH would follow the same approach and strengthen this system by better defining the role o f the DRS and DPS in relation to elected bodies such as municipalities and CRDs. Finally, preparation o f this project benefited from sector work such as the Health Expenditures Review, the Health Expenditures Tracking Survey, the Guinea Country Status Report, which all provided insight on problems to be tackled. 5.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Health Expenditures Tracking Survey is a structured collection of data used for analysis of health expenditures.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list with projects and reports", + "described as benefiting project preparation, implying a supportive role rather than being the primary data source", + "not explicitly referred to as a dataset or source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' appears in a list alongside other documents relating to health expenditures. It is mentioned as a source of insight or background for the project rather than as a direct data source that will be used in analysis. The phrasing suggests that it is part of the context or foundation for the work rather than a standalone dataset. This implies it is closely tied to the project or system but doesn't indicate it is the primary structured data source itself, which the model might confuse it with due to its formal name structure and the presence of the word 'survey'. The model likely extracted it as a dataset because of the word 'Tracking Survey', which resembles actual datasets but does not clearly indicate how it is being used in the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described in relation to a project preparation phase and is listed alongside other reports, implying it acts as a supportive resource rather than a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 19, + "text": "Table: Classification of Regions by Poverty Levels Lower Central Higher Forest Total Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Percent urban Dooulation 30 100 0 23 9 16 22 100 Population density 29 n. a. n. a 31 31 14 34 2429 Access to safe water 52 49 45 43 45 47 48 80 Percent poor 40 n. a. n. a 24 36 40 25 11 Percent with less than U S 3 0 0 40 24 52 42 51 62 33 7 Depth o f poverty ( gap between 13 7 18 14 17 23 9 1 Share o f National Poverty ) ( % ) 100 9 88 22 28 32 15 3 Per capita expenditure ( \u2018 000 469. 5 n. a. n. a 401. 3 377. 6 316. 0 484. 4 n. a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95. 2 - - 987 9 3 6 9 6 0 9 2 6 95 9 14", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 652, + 694, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The General Population and Housing Census 1996 is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other data sources", + "followed by 'Source:' indicating its role as data", + "clearly a structured collection of demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'General Population and Housing Census 1996' is presented alongside other explicit data sources, such as the Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey and Household Consumption Survey, indicating it contributes as an important structured dataset for analysis. The phrase 'Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996' designates it specifically as a source from which data is derived for the analysis. Although it could potentially resemble a structured project or management information system based on its title, the text clearly treats it as a data source, which aligns more with the definition of a dataset. This clear identification is a key factor, helping the model correctly identify it as a dataset without confusion relating to it being a tool or infrastructure. Thus, it is justified to classify this mention as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'General Population and Housing Census 1996' acts as a clear dataset here because it is enumerated with other data sources, is designated as a source in the citation, and is explicitly used for research and analysis in the context it appears." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 19, + "text": "Table: Classification of Regions by Poverty Levels Lower Central Higher Forest Total Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Percent urban Dooulation 30 100 0 23 9 16 22 100 Population density 29 n. a. n. a 31 31 14 34 2429 Access to safe water 52 49 45 43 45 47 48 80 Percent poor 40 n. a. n. a 24 36 40 25 11 Percent with less than U S 3 0 0 40 24 52 42 51 62 33 7 Depth o f poverty ( gap between 13 7 18 14 17 23 9 1 Share o f National Poverty ) ( % ) 100 9 88 22 28 32 15 3 Per capita expenditure ( \u2018 000 469. 5 n. a. n. a 401. 3 377. 6 316. 0 484. 4 n. a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95. 2 - - 987 9 3 6 9 6 0 9 2 6 95 9 14", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 696, + 735, + "named" + ], + [ + 634, + 639, + "Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household consumption patterns.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source:' indicating data reference", + "described in the context of data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey' is mentioned after the word 'Source:', indicating that it is being referenced as a source of data alongside other studies and surveys. This suggests that it is being treated as a concrete data source rather than just a project or system. The presence of structured data in the context of household consumption patterns further supports the notion that it is functioning as a dataset. The model could have been confused if this term appeared without clear indicators of it being a data source, such as 'Source:' or if it had been presented purely as a project without associating it with actual data collection. However, in this specific instance, the name aligns with a recognized dataset in the field of consumption studies.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "Here, the 'Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset because it directly follows a source citation and is included with other data sources, indicating its role in research and data analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 19, + "text": "Table: Classification of Regions by Poverty Levels Lower Central Higher Forest Total Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Percent urban Dooulation 30 100 0 23 9 16 22 100 Population density 29 n. a. n. a 31 31 14 34 2429 Access to safe water 52 49 45 43 45 47 48 80 Percent poor 40 n. a. n. a 24 36 40 25 11 Percent with less than U S 3 0 0 40 24 52 42 51 62 33 7 Depth o f poverty ( gap between 13 7 18 14 17 23 9 1 Share o f National Poverty ) ( % ) 100 9 88 22 28 32 15 3 Per capita expenditure ( \u2018 000 469. 5 n. a. n. a 401. 3 377. 6 316. 0 484. 4 n. a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95. 2 - - 987 9 3 6 9 6 0 9 2 6 95 9 14", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 747, + 775, + "named" + ], + [ + 634, + 639, + "Household Consumption Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1286, + 1304, + "Household Consumption Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "a. Share of food in total spending 50 43 61 5 1 61 55 57 36 Source: UNPOP 1998, RGPH, General Population and Housing Census 1996, Comprehensive Consumption Budget Survey 199411995, Household Consumption Survey. Taken from the \u2018 Guinea Country Status Report \u201d, In the same vein, health indicators also indicate inequity problems as the table below shows: Table: Household Health Behaviors: Comparison by Place of Residence and by Region Lower Central Higher Forest Indicators Country Urban Rural Guinea Guinea Guinea Guinea Conakry Child health % of newborns < 6 months old on exclusive Median duration of breast feeding 22 4 - 224 242 1 9 9 22 1 22 1 breastfeeding 95.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Consumption Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis regarding household consumption patterns.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'Source:' indicating it is a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided text, 'Household Consumption Survey' comes after 'Source:' and is listed alongside other datasets such as 'UNPOP 1998' and 'RGPH'. The context suggests it serves as a direct source of data used to support the analysis of consumption patterns within households. This positioning indicates that it is being treated as a dataset and contributes relevant structured information for the research. Although the term could plausibly refer to a project or system, the clear indication that it is a data source used for empirical analysis makes it more appropriate to categorize it as a dataset in this instance. The confusion may arise for models that recognize the term as a title and therefore treat it as a named entity, but the contextual cues clarify its role as a data source here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Household Consumption Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly mentioned in the context of data sources and follows a citation format that indicates its relevance in research, rather than being merely a project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 29, + "text": "Activity Monitoring and Evaluation. Activities on any level would be monitored following structured reporting and assessment forms and procedures. Given the program \u2019 s large scope o f interventions and decentralized nature of activities, it would be necessary to incorporate a coherent and consistent set o f indicators into all contracts / agreements funded by the project. For example, the health centers or prefectoral hospitals would be required to submit their plans following the logical framework outline linking inputs, process, outputs. Agreements / contracts would be performance-based and would thus identify all yearly indicators which those front-line health structures plan on achieving. These indicators would be compiled and aggregated in the annual report o f the Task Force. Outcome and Impact Monitoring and Evaluation. Another aspect o f the M & E system would be the monitoring o f the outcome and impact; this would be done by a Demographic and Health Survey at the beginning and end o f the project. In addition, data on deaths avoided would be calculated through operational research contracted to a specialized institution which would use DHS estimates as well as health structures records on coverage. Quality o f services would be checked yearly based on a simple checklist which describes the standards expected and which would be designed with the help o f GTZ. Such quality check would be contracted out to consultants.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 952, + 981, + "named" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1059, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1165, + 1168, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1190, + 1215, + "Demographic and Health Survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Outcome and Impact Monitoring and Evaluation. Another aspect o f the M & E system would be the monitoring o f the outcome and impact; this would be done by a Demographic and Health Survey at the beginning and end o f the project. In addition, data on deaths avoided would be calculated through operational research contracted to a specialized institution which would use DHS estimates as well as health structures records on coverage.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis related to health and demographic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'would be the monitoring of the outcome and impact'", + "mentioned in the context of evaluating project outcomes", + "described as conducting a survey that collects demographic and health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Demographic and Health Survey' (DHS) is presented as a structured method of collecting data necessary for evaluating a project's outcomes and impacts. The specific phrasing 'this would be done by a Demographic and Health Survey' implies that the DHS is being used as a systematic approach to obtain data rather than being referred to as merely a project or a tool. This distinction is crucial; the model extraction likely mistook it for a working title or system and assumed it might be an operational tool. However, since it explicitly indicates the survey's role in data collection for evaluation, it behaves as a dataset in this excerpt. I keep in mind that DHS is widely recognized as a data source in health research, further justifying its classification as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Demographic and Health Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is specified as a method for data collection essential for monitoring outcomes, fulfilling the role of a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 30, + "text": "Annex 4: Detailed Project Description GUINEA: HEALTH SECTOR SUPPORT PROJECT TARGETING The project would target the 16 poorest prefectures in the country ( as identified by the Poverty Map ), and 2 prefectures ( Kissidougou and GuCckCdou ) which have been particularly hit with a difficult refugees situation, as listed below: LIST OF PREFECTURES TARGETED BY THE PROJECT Prdfectures Koundara Gaoual TklimelC Mali Koubia Tougue Lklouma Dalaba Pita Dinguiraye Dabola Kissidougou GuCckCdou Beyla Siguiri Kouroussa Mandiana KerouanC Total: Administrative Region Bok6 Bok6 Kindia Labe Labe Labe Lab6 Mamou Mamou Faranah Faranah Far anah N ' ZCrCkore N ' ZerCkork Kankan Kankan Kankan Kankan Natural Region Moyenne Guinee Basse GuinCe C Y Moyenne Guinee C Y C Y C Y C Y Haute GuinCe Guinke Forestibre C Y C Y C Y Haute Guin6e C Y C Y C Y Nbr. Of health centers 7 8 14 13 6 10 11 10 12 8 9 15 13 15 15 12 12 8 198 ____ - - Nbr.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 176, + 187, + "named" + ], + [ + 38, + 44, + "Poverty Map <> data geography" + ], + [ + 115, + 137, + "Poverty Map <> reference population" + ], + [ + 211, + 222, + "Poverty Map <> data geography" + ], + [ + 227, + 236, + "Poverty Map <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Annex 4: Detailed Project Description GUINEA: HEALTH SECTOR SUPPORT PROJECT TARGETING The project would target the 16 poorest prefectures in the country ( as identified by the Poverty Map ), and 2 prefectures ( Kissidougou and GuCckCdou ) which have been particularly hit with a difficult refugees situation, as listed below: LIST OF PREFECTURES TARGETED BY THE PROJECT Prdfectures Koundara Gaoual TklimelC Mali Koubia Tougue Lklouma Dalaba Pita Dinguiraye Dabola Kissidougou GuCckCdou Beyla Siguiri Kouroussa Mandiana KerouanC Total: Administrative Region Bok6 Bok6 Kindia Labe Labe Labe Lab6 Mamou Mamou Faranah Faranah Far anah N ' ZCrCkore N ' ZerCkork Kankan Kankan Kankan Kankan Natural Region Moyenne Guinee Basse GuinCe C Y Moyenne Guinee C Y C Y C Y C Y Haute GuinCe Guinke Forestibre C Y C Y C Y Haute Guin6e C Y C Y C Y Nbr. Of health centers 7 8 14 13 6 10 11 10 12 8 9 15 13 15 15 12 12 8 198 ____ - - Nbr.", + "type": "map", + "explanation": "The Poverty Map is a structured collection of data that identifies the poorest prefectures in Guinea, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows the phrase 'as identified by the Poverty Map'", + "described as a tool to identify the poorest prefectures", + "appears in a project context implying use for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In analyzing the term 'Poverty Map', I noted that it is referenced as a source used to identify the poorest prefectures in Guinea. The phrase 'as identified by the Poverty Map' suggests that it functions as a reference point or guide for decision-making in the project. This context supports the idea that while it may be a project or initiative, it critically serves as a dataset for the analysis of poverty levels in specific areas. Although the term 'Poverty Map' could imply a broader project or system, it is positioned here in such a way that acknowledges it as the foundation for data-driven decisions. The model may have confused it, as 'Poverty Map' has the structure of a proper noun and could easily be interpreted as a system or project title which stores data. However, in this analysis, its function aligns more closely with that of a conventional dataset due to its use in identifying specific metrics related to poverty.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Poverty Map' is effectively a dataset in this context, as it is specifically referenced to identify poor prefectures, serving as a concrete data source for the project's analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "161_28046", + "page": 34, + "text": ". Re-energizing o f health committees around health centers would be done by ensuring that health centers who serve poor populations receive their govemment allocation - as they only receive 30 % now according to the Health Expenditures Tracking Survey carried out in 2003. In order to improve governance, the publication o f the budget received by each health structure and how the money was spent would be done throughout the country so that the population i s aware and government officials are accountable to them. o Sub-component C: Oualitv Insurance: the M O H has taken the option to improve utilization o f health services by strengthening their quality. Such a system has been put in place with the help o f GTZ in two prefectures. Evaluation o f this pilot was carried out end o f 2004, preliminary evidence seems to indicate that this approach i s successful. Lessons leamt from the evaluation would be taken into account and based on this evaluation, the project would help extend this improved system to all 18 targeted prefectures. Following a self-evaluation, health structures decide on a plan to improve six basic aspects o f health care: technical skills, client satisfaction, continued training, community participation, management o f the district, financial management. The best plans would be rewarded. Then each structure plans its annual operation plan based on its diagnosis.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 217, + 252, + "named" + ], + [ + 268, + 272, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 310, + 398, + "Health Expenditures Tracking Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". Re-energizing o f health committees around health centers would be done by ensuring that health centers who serve poor populations receive their govemment allocation - as they only receive 30 % now according to the Health Expenditures Tracking Survey carried out in 2003. In order to improve governance, the publication o f the budget received by each health structure and how the money was spent would be done throughout the country so that the population i s aware and government officials are accountable to them.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Health Expenditures Tracking Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze health expenditures, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'according to'", + "mentioned as a survey that collects data", + "related to health expenditures", + "suggests structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, the 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' is explicitly referenced in relation to health expenditures and is used to support a statement about government allocations to health centers. The phrase 'according to the Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' indicates that this is being treated as a data source from which information is derived. While it is possible for the term to be interpreted as a project or system, the context strongly suggests that it represents a structured set of data collected in 2003, especially since the term 'survey' typically indicates a systematic approach to data collection. The potential confusion could arise from the term 'survey' being mistaken for a management system or project, but the way it is framed in this instance solidifies it as a dataset used for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Expenditures Tracking Survey' is treated as a dataset because it is presented as a source of data on health expenditures, explicitly used to inform a statement about financial allocations, showcasing its role as a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 1, + "text": "2 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ( Exchange Rate Effective January 31, 2015 ) Currency Unit = Lebanese Pound ( LBP ) LBP 1, 510. 51 = US $ 1. 00 FISCAL YEAR January 1 \u2013 December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CMU CPS Central Management Unit Country Partnership Strategy CQS Consultants \u2019 Qualifications Selection DA Designated Account DALYs Disability-Adjusted Life Years EHCP Essential Healthcare Package ESIA Economic and Social Impact Assessment FBS Fixed Budget Selection FM Financial Management FO Financial Officer FOT Fiduciary Operations Team GOL Government of Lebanon HIS Health Information System HNP Health, Nutrition and Population ICB International Competitive Bidding IFR Interim Financial Reports IPSAS International Public Sector Accounting Standards LCS Least Cost Selection LSCTF Lebanon Syrian Crisis Trust Fund M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MENA Middle East and North Africa Region MOF Ministry of Finance MoPH Ministry of Public Health MOSA Ministry of Social Affairs NCB National Competitive Bidding NCD Non-communicable Disease NGO Non-governmental Organization NHA National Health Accounts NPTP National Poverty Targeting Program OOP Out-of-Pocket expenditure OPD PCM Outpatient Departments Presidential Council of Ministers PDO Project Development Objective PFS Project Financial Statements PHCC Primary Health Care Center PMT Proxy-Means Testing PMU Program Management Unit POM Project Operations Manual QCBS Quality-and-Cost-Based-Selection RRP Regional Response Plans SOE Statements of Expenditure SSS Single Source Selection TOR Terms of Reference UN United Nations UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children ' s Fund VAT Value Added Tax WA Withdrawal Application Regional Vice President", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 566, + 595, + "named" + ], + [ + 61, + 65, + "HIS Health Information System <> publication year" + ], + [ + 852, + 892, + "HIS Health Information System <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "51 = US $ 1. 00 FISCAL YEAR January 1 \u2013 December 31 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CMU CPS Central Management Unit Country Partnership Strategy CQS Consultants \u2019 Qualifications Selection DA Designated Account DALYs Disability-Adjusted Life Years EHCP Essential Healthcare Package ESIA Economic and Social Impact Assessment FBS Fixed Budget Selection FM Financial Management FO Financial Officer FOT Fiduciary Operations Team GOL Government of Lebanon HIS Health Information System HNP Health, Nutrition and Population ICB International Competitive Bidding IFR Interim Financial Reports IPSAS International Public Sector Accounting Standards LCS Least Cost Selection LSCTF Lebanon Syrian Crisis Trust Fund M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MENA Middle East and North Africa Region MOF Ministry of Finance MoPH Ministry of Public Health MOSA Ministry of Social Affairs NCB National Competitive Bidding NCD Non-communicable Disease NGO Non-governmental Organization NHA National Health Accounts NPTP National Poverty Targeting Program OOP Out-of-Pocket expenditure OPD PCM Outpatient Departments Presidential Council of Ministers PDO Project Development Objective PFS Project Financial Statements PHCC Primary Health Care Center PMT Proxy-Means Testing PMU Program Management Unit POM Project Operations Manual QCBS Quality-and-Cost-Based-Selection RRP Regional Response Plans SOE Statements of Expenditure SSS Single Source Selection TOR Terms of Reference UN United Nations UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children ' s Fund VAT Value Added Tax WA Withdrawal Application Regional Vice President", + "type": "health information system", + "explanation": "HIS refers to a structured collection of health-related data used for analysis and research.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in a list of acronyms", + "described as a Health Information System", + "not explicitly stated as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'HIS Health Information System' is presented as part of a list of acronyms without any explicit indication that it is being used as a dataset in the analysis. The fact that it is labeled specifically as a 'Health Information System' suggests that it is primarily a system designed to manage health-related information rather than an individual dataset of records. Although it may contain data, the absence of phrases such as 'uses data from' or any direct reference to its data mining or analytical functions suggests that it should be considered more as an infrastructure or a tool. A model might have been confused due to the capitalized nature of the term and its proximity to other data-related entries, leading to the assumption that it serves directly as a dataset. However, the context clearly indicates that it functions as a part of health information management rather than as a stand-alone dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'HIS Health Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a system rather than a data source, and it appears in a list of acronyms without explicit mention of its use in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 11, + "text": "With only half of the population receiving health insurance, out-of-pocket expenditures ( OOPs ) represent a large source of health financing particularly for the poor households. The burden of household out-of-pocket spending is 37. 34 percent in 2012. 8 Lower income groups spent a higher percentage of their income ( 14 percent ) on health than those with higher income ( 4. 2 percent ). 9 The obligation to pay directly for services, is subjecting a large proportion of the population to financial hardship, even impoverishment. 3 A 2009 study shows that the prevalence of maternal deaths in the Bekaa is 21. 3 percent, more than double of the national average of 10. 7 percent ( IGSPS et al, 2012 ). 4 For example, Mount Lebanon has the highest density of physicians and nurses ( 42 percent and 33 percent ), compared to Beka \u2019 a, with only 7. 8 percent of Lebanon \u2019 s physicians and 19 percent of nurses ( Ammar, 2009 ). 5 WHO, NCD Country Profile, 2011. 6 MoPH, Vital Health Statistics, 2013. 7 National Health Accounts ( NHA ) data listed in World Bank, World Development Indicators, 2013. 8 MoPH website, National Health Accounts Summary Table, 2012. 9 NHA, 2005.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1002, + 1026, + "named" + ], + [ + 61, + 87, + "National Health Accounts <> data description" + ], + [ + 248, + 252, + "National Health Accounts <> publication year" + ], + [ + 600, + 605, + "National Health Accounts <> data geography" + ], + [ + 684, + 695, + "National Health Accounts <> author" + ], + [ + 720, + 733, + "National Health Accounts <> data geography" + ], + [ + 994, + 998, + "National Health Accounts <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1029, + 1032, + "National Health Accounts <> acronym" + ], + [ + 1050, + 1060, + "National Health Accounts <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1092, + 1096, + "National Health Accounts <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1154, + 1158, + "National Health Accounts <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1167, + 1171, + "National Health Accounts <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "6 MoPH, Vital Health Statistics, 2013. 7 National Health Accounts ( NHA ) data listed in World Bank, World Development Indicators, 2013. 8 MoPH website, National Health Accounts Summary Table, 2012.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "National Health Accounts refers to a structured collection of data related to health financing and expenditures, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "cited in relation to the World Bank's World Development Indicators", + "generally considered a framework or system for accounting rather than a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'National Health Accounts' seems to function more as a framework or system rather than a discrete dataset. Although it is mentioned alongside other data sources and appears reputable (in relation to the World Bank), it is essential to recognize that National Health Accounts often pertains to methodologies or systems used for compiling health financing data. The model might have considered 'National Health Accounts' as a dataset due to its structured nature of gathering health financing data; however, in this specific citation, it seemingly refers to a broader accounting framework rather than a compilation of records that one could directly analyze. The confusion might arise from the term's proper name format and its implication in the context, which often blurs the line between an accounting framework and the specific datasets derived from it.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'National Health Accounts' represents a framework for health financing rather than a specific dataset, hence it is not treated as a dataset here." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 18, + "text": "To achieve its objectives, this component will finance technical assistance for the following activities: a ) Providing technical support to the Program Management Unit ( PMU ) in the MoPH. b ) Providing technical assistance in the development and management of contracts between MoPH and selected PHCCs and in the verification and validation of the PHCCs \u2019 financial and technical reports as well as the Essential Healthcare Services \u2019 packages \u2019 payment process. c ) Updating and maintaining Health Information System ( HIS ) ( including provision of IT hardware and software ) at MoPH with links to other related agencies involved in the implementation of the Project. d ) Initiating monitoring and assessment of the Project through setting the baseline, collecting the data and setting the parameters for evaluation. e ) Improving the grievance and redress mechanism for improved efficiency and transparency. f ) Launching outreach campaign and communication activities to inform Beneficiaries about their health rights and services provided at the PHCCs in their areas. B. Project Financing 39. The financing instrument for the project is a grant-based Investment Project Financing ( IPF ) in the amount of US $ 15. 00 million financed from the World Bank LSCTF. 14 14 The LSCTF was established in December 2013, in order to support the impact of the Syrian conflict on Lebanon.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 494, + 519, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "b ) Providing technical assistance in the development and management of contracts between MoPH and selected PHCCs and in the verification and validation of the PHCCs \u2019 financial and technical reports as well as the Essential Healthcare Services \u2019 packages \u2019 payment process. c ) Updating and maintaining Health Information System ( HIS ) ( including provision of IT hardware and software ) at MoPH with links to other related agencies involved in the implementation of the Project. d ) Initiating monitoring and assessment of the Project through setting the baseline, collecting the data and setting the parameters for evaluation.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Health Information System' refers to a system for managing health data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "described as part of maintaining IT infrastructure", + "follows 'updating and maintaining' indicating a management role" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term \u2018Health Information System\u2019 (HIS) is not presented as a dataset itself but rather as a system that facilitates the management and processing of health data. The phrase 'updating and maintaining Health Information System' clearly shows that it is related to infrastructure management, which implies that it stores and manages data but does not function as a standalone dataset used in the analysis. Models could confuse this due to its capitalized nature and its mention in a context typically associated with data handling, which might falsely signal that it should be interpreted as a concrete dataset instead of a tool or system that contains data. The presence of project-related terminology further supports the view that it is a system rather than a specific data collection.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Health Information System' refers to a management system rather than a dataset, focusing on infrastructure rather than a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 20, + "text": "The data will be collected and used to: ( i ) supervise the performance of PHCCs; ( ii ) monitor beneficiary accessibility progress; and ( iii ) improve the response of the project and provision of services based on intermediate output and outcome data. 47. An HIS system will be developed by the MoPH by the effectiveness to support the implementation and monitoring of the program. This includes developing the system at the central level as well as updating the current systems at the facility level in order to meet the new requirements for program implementation. Assistance would be provided to the PHCCs to upgrade their recording and reporting systems and strengthen their capacity to implement the program. 48. The Bank will conduct regular implementation support missions during which implementation progress, outputs and work plan updates, will be assessed and adjustments made as necessary. Project M & E will consist of four parts: ( i ) internal oversight by MoPH of the PHCCs; ( ii ) independent project evaluation; ( iii ) beneficiary assessment; and ( iv ) evaluation by the Bank. C. Sustainability 49. The project \u2019 s sustainability is reinforced through three elements: ( a ) alignment with GOL priorities and the national health sector strategy: the GOL strategy emphasizes short - term stabilization, medium-term resilience, while the strategic direction of the MoPH focuses at laying the foundation for Universal Health Coverage with special emphasis on the poor. These will be achieved as follows: i ) short-term stabilization will be achieved through targeting the", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 261, + 271, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "47. An HIS system will be developed by the MoPH by the effectiveness to support the implementation and monitoring of the program. This includes developing the system at the central level as well as updating the current systems at the facility level in order to meet the new requirements for program implementation.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The HIS system refers to a health information system, which is a tool or application rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "focus on development and implementation", + "not presented as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'HIS system' is clearly positioned as part of a developmental process for health information management. The surrounding text emphasizes the system\u2019s role in supporting program implementation and monitoring but does not explicitly identify it as a source of datasets. Instead, it describes it as an application intended to manage and possibly collect health data rather than constituting an explicitly defined dataset used for analysis. The model might have confused this mention as a dataset due to the fact that systems often contain data, and the term 'system' is capitalized, suggesting it is an named entity. However, it is more of a platform designed to handle information rather than a collection of that information. Therefore, I do not consider it a dataset in this instance, as the focus is on its functional role rather than on any structured data it might contain.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'HIS system' is a health information system rather than a dataset; it serves as an application for managing health information, focusing on implementation rather than being a defined structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 31, + "text": "32 Indicator Description Project Development Objective Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Direct project beneficiaries Eligible NPTP beneficiaries who enroll with contracted providers and are eligible for the essential healthcare services package. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU Female beneficiaries Percentage of direct project beneficiaries that are female. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services. Bi-annually User Satisfaction Survey External Technical Audit Utilization of services: average no of visits per beneficiary per year ( number ) Utilization of services provided by health care service providers that will be calculated as a weighted average of the number of visits per beneficiary per year. Bi-annually HIS PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 364, + 377, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 222, + "NPTP Database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Direct project beneficiaries Eligible NPTP beneficiaries who enroll with contracted providers and are eligible for the essential healthcare services package. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU Female beneficiaries Percentage of direct project beneficiaries that are female. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP Database is a structured collection of data related to project beneficiaries and healthcare services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned with 'Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection'", + "lack of clear indication that it is a dataset", + "not described as containing structured records, but rather in the context of project operations" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'NPTP Database' appears alongside project-related metrics and responsibilities for data collection. The phrasing suggests that the NPTP Database is used as a source for organizing or recording data rather than being a defined dataset on its own. While it does contain data, its mention in conjunction with project responsibilities implies it may serve more as a repository or management information system for tracking project beneficiaries rather than as a standalone dataset intended for analysis. The model might have classified it as a dataset due to its naming convention and because databases often contain structured data, but without explicit indications that it acts as a dataset in the context of data extraction or analysis, I conclude it is more of a project or system framework here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The NPTP Database functions more as a management system for project data rather than a defined dataset. Its context implies it assists in the organizational process of data collection without being indicated as a true dataset for analytical purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 31, + "text": "32 Indicator Description Project Development Objective Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Direct project beneficiaries Eligible NPTP beneficiaries who enroll with contracted providers and are eligible for the essential healthcare services package. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU Female beneficiaries Percentage of direct project beneficiaries that are female. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services. Bi-annually User Satisfaction Survey External Technical Audit Utilization of services: average no of visits per beneficiary per year ( number ) Utilization of services provided by health care service providers that will be calculated as a weighted average of the number of visits per beneficiary per year. Bi-annually HIS PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 475, + 488, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 222, + "NPTP Database <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU Female beneficiaries Percentage of direct project beneficiaries that are female. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services. Bi-annually User Satisfaction Survey External Technical Audit Utilization of services: average no of visits per beneficiary per year ( number ) Utilization of services provided by health care service providers that will be calculated as a weighted average of the number of visits per beneficiary per year.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The NPTP Database is a structured collection of data related to project beneficiaries and healthcare services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project", + "refers to a system that may store data", + "not enumerated with known datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'NPTP Database' appears to refer more to a framework or system potentially hosting data rather than a concrete dataset. The use of the term 'PMU' also suggests it could be a project management unit, which further implies this is about an overarching project or system rather than a singular set of data. Since the phrasing focuses more on project beneficiaries and satisfaction metrics without clearly delineating specific datasets within 'NPTP Database', it's reasonable to view this as a less concrete reference to a data framework or collection. The model may have tagged it incorrectly as a dataset due to its capitalization and positioning in the text that denotes data, but it lacks the clear contextual indicators that would classify it definitively as an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'NPTP Database' functions more as a reference to a system or project rather than a defined dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 31, + "text": "32 Indicator Description Project Development Objective Indicators Indicator Name Description ( indicator definition etc. ) Frequency Data Source / Methodology Responsibility for Data Collection Direct project beneficiaries Eligible NPTP beneficiaries who enroll with contracted providers and are eligible for the essential healthcare services package. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU Female beneficiaries Percentage of direct project beneficiaries that are female. Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services. Bi-annually User Satisfaction Survey External Technical Audit Utilization of services: average no of visits per beneficiary per year ( number ) Utilization of services provided by health care service providers that will be calculated as a weighted average of the number of visits per beneficiary per year. Bi-annually HIS PMU", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 598, + 622, + "named" + ], + [ + 194, + 222, + "User Satisfaction Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 673, + 718, + "User Satisfaction Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Bi-annually NPTP Database PMU User Satisfaction ( percent ) Share of users satisfied by the received health care services. Bi-annually User Satisfaction Survey External Technical Audit Utilization of services: average no of visits per beneficiary per year ( number ) Utilization of services provided by health care service providers that will be calculated as a weighted average of the number of visits per beneficiary per year. Bi-annually HIS PMU", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The User Satisfaction Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess user satisfaction with healthcare services, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'utilization of services'", + "described as a user satisfaction survey" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'User Satisfaction Survey' is mentioned right after another dataset ('Utilization of services') and before descriptions of different metrics. The phrase indicates that it is a structured assessment aimed at measuring user satisfaction concerning healthcare services, hence the model likely recognized it as a dataset. The survey format implies that it generates records or data points which can be analyzed, which aligns with typical definitions of datasets. It is also distinguished from other mentions like 'Database' or 'HIS' systems because those are typically seen as data storage infrastructures rather than direct sources of data to be analyzed. The model might have been confused by the generality of the term as some might consider it as a project name or tool without deeper context; however, the clear intention and use in the analysis affirm it as a dataset in this case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'User Satisfaction Survey' behaves as a dataset in this context because it is described as a structured collection of data specifically aimed at evaluating user satisfaction, and it is listed among other established datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 53, + "text": "54 g ) Generating progress and monitoring reports. 48. Under this project, two types of monitoring are envisaged: ( i ) monitoring the project performance with regard to day-to-day progress of project activities ( including targets and intermediate results ) as per the implementation plan; and ( ii ) evaluating the project with regard to achievement of the overall development objective. Monitoring 49. Monitoring will be a continuous function carried out by MoPH / PMU with support from the MoPH HIS team. Specifically, it will comprise of two aspects as follows: a ) Establishing a monitoring system ( as part of health information system ) which will include: ( i ) annual work plans, targets, outputs, indicators, and outcomes for each component; ( ii ) baseline data, if available, for each outcome indicator; and ( iii ) user friendly data entry format and built in methodology that will automatically update the targets, outputs, and signal the achievement gap to alert the implementing agencies. The focus will be on systematic data collection on specified indicators and related deliverables to provide management and the main stakeholders the extent of progress and achievement of results and progress in the use of allocated funds. The data will be collected and reconciled with the PHCCs databases with specific focus on beneficiary enrollment and packaged delivered.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1296, + 1311, + "named" + ], + [ + 760, + 773, + "PHCCs databases <> data description" + ], + [ + 829, + 860, + "PHCCs databases <> data description" + ], + [ + 1335, + 1357, + "PHCCs databases <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The focus will be on systematic data collection on specified indicators and related deliverables to provide management and the main stakeholders the extent of progress and achievement of results and progress in the use of allocated funds. The data will be collected and reconciled with the PHCCs databases with specific focus on beneficiary enrollment and packaged delivered.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "PHCCs databases refer to structured collections of data related to health services, which are used for monitoring and evaluation purposes.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in relation to data collection", + "context refers to management and monitoring without clear data source designation", + "described as 'databases' but not explicitly stated as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In analyzing the term 'PHCCs databases', it is important to consider the context in which it appears. The phrase is situated within a description of systematic data collection focused on monitoring and progress evaluation. While the term might suggest structured collections of data, the surrounding language does not clearly position it as a dataset intended for analytical purposes. Instead, it seems more like a management information system or infrastructure that is aiding the data collection process. The model likely inferred the term as a dataset due to its enumeration and the fact that it follows the context of data collection, but this does not necessarily mean it is used as a dataset per se. The distinction between a database that contains data and a dataset that is specifically used for analysis is critical here. In this instance, the PHCCs databases behave more like a supporting tool rather than a dataset that the analysis directly uses.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'PHCCs databases' should not be treated as a dataset in this context because it describes a collection of data systems intended for management purposes rather than a specific dataset used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 53, + "text": "This will enable management decisions to be made based on an assessment of whether the program is moving towards its objectives. A periodic financial audit will be conducted which will also help to identify and mitigate any potential sign of fraud and governance issues. The program monitoring system will rely on regular and accurate data collection and analysis to identify the timely implementation of activities, the achievement of intended results, and positive and negative unintended effects. i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii. Sources of Data: ( i ) the routine data collected through the claims processing system; ( ii ) data routinely collected at health facility level; ( iii ) additional data collected by MoPH such as from enrollment registers, spot checks and ad-hoc surveys; ( iv ) information collected during the verification processes; and ( v ) data from the MoPH rapid facility assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 503, + 506, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "HIS refers to a health information system, which is a program or framework for managing health data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a monitoring system", + "described as comprising components like database design and data collection forms", + "not presented as a standalone data source but rather as a framework for processing and managing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HIS' stands for Health Information System. Its description indicates that it encompasses various components crucial for a broader monitoring and data management framework rather than being a structured dataset itself. The references to program databases, data collection forms, and their interlinkages show that 'HIS' is functioning as a system designed for collecting, managing, and analyzing health data instead of a concrete dataset. Therefore, although it might encompass datasets within its framework, it itself is categorized as a management information system (MIS) aimed at supporting health informatics rather than an independent dataset. The model likely misinterpreted it as a dataset because it followed the structure common to listed data sources and was capitalized like other data repositories. However, the context clearly frames 'HIS' as a system rather than a dataset, leading to a final judgment of not being a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'HIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a health information system that manages data through various components. Its context indicates it is part of a broader infrastructure rather than a standalone data source." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 53, + "text": "This will enable management decisions to be made based on an assessment of whether the program is moving towards its objectives. A periodic financial audit will be conducted which will also help to identify and mitigate any potential sign of fraud and governance issues. The program monitoring system will rely on regular and accurate data collection and analysis to identify the timely implementation of activities, the achievement of intended results, and positive and negative unintended effects. i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii. Sources of Data: ( i ) the routine data collected through the claims processing system; ( ii ) data routinely collected at health facility level; ( iii ) additional data collected by MoPH such as from enrollment registers, spot checks and ad-hoc surveys; ( iv ) information collected during the verification processes; and ( v ) data from the MoPH rapid facility assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 821, + 824, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "HIS refers to a health information system, which is a program or framework for managing health data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a health information system", + "describes various components and processes related to data management", + "not explicitly referred to as a concrete data collection", + "the focus is on system-building rather than dataset identification" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'HIS' is primarily described as a health information system that includes a variety of components for effectively managing health data. The text outlines different processes (like the creation of registers, forms, and claims processing systems) that are integral to this system but does not characterize 'HIS' itself as a dataset. This distinction is crucial because a system (HIS) encompasses the architecture and methods for data management, while datasets are more concrete collections of data. The confusion may arise from the term being capitalized\u2014indicating a name\u2014and being part of a structured framework. The mention of creating databases and gathering data alongside HIS does suggest data-related activities, which might lead a model to mistakenly classify it as a dataset. However, it's clear from the text that 'HIS' is used to denote the overarching system rather than a singular data set.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "HIS is regarded as a health information system in this context rather than a dataset because the text focuses on system components and processes related to health data management, not as a standalone structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "162_PAD12050PAD0P15264600PUBLIC00Box391428B", + "page": 53, + "text": "This will enable management decisions to be made based on an assessment of whether the program is moving towards its objectives. A periodic financial audit will be conducted which will also help to identify and mitigate any potential sign of fraud and governance issues. The program monitoring system will rely on regular and accurate data collection and analysis to identify the timely implementation of activities, the achievement of intended results, and positive and negative unintended effects. i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii. Sources of Data: ( i ) the routine data collected through the claims processing system; ( ii ) data routinely collected at health facility level; ( iii ) additional data collected by MoPH such as from enrollment registers, spot checks and ad-hoc surveys; ( iv ) information collected during the verification processes; and ( v ) data from the MoPH rapid facility assessment.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1118, + 1121, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "i. HIS will form the basis for a well-functioning monitoring system and will comprise: ( i ) design of a program database; ( ii ) development of registers and forms to gather data ( enrollment registers, provider data collection forms ); ( iii ) development of the claims processing system, which will feed data into the HIS; ( iv ) collection and analysis of program indicators; ( v ) design of wider monitoring and verification activities ( such as spot checks of providers, user satisfaction surveys through sampling of beneficiaries at the household level ) which will provide data with which to counter-check the HIS data; and ( vi ) capacity building of MoPH in monitoring of the EHCP program. ii.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "HIS refers to a health information system, which is a program or framework for managing health data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a health information system that comprises various components for data management; described as the basis for a monitoring system, not as an actual dataset", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the excerpt, 'HIS' is clearly articulated as a health information system (HIS) that serves as the framework for managing various aspects of health data collection and processing. The context revolves around components of a system that includes design and development of tools, registers, and mechanisms for gathering data. While it relates to data, it is not a dataset itself; it is the infrastructure that encompasses processes for data collection and management. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to its proper noun format, the lack of clear distinction in describing it as a system, and its mention in a context where it could easily be misconstrued as a primary data source. However, given that it specifically describes a management system rather than a concrete dataset, I draw the line here and conclude that it is not classified as a dataset but rather as an overarching system managing data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'HIS' refers to a health information system that manages and processes health data rather than representing a specific collection of structured data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "165_311820EG", + "page": 16, + "text": "M & E will be the responsibility o f the central KG Department with the support o f the C A T and other relevant partners and stakeholders at the central, sub-national, and community levels. Integration o f ECE into the existing Education Management and Information System ( EMIS ) is an important activity to be carried out and is expected to help better monitor and evaluate project progress and impact. CIDA is already helping develop the approach for data organization and information flow - see PIP. 45. A simple yet comprehensive Results Framework provides output indicators for the project objective and key components. The detailed baseline values will be completed as the project is implemented and baseline values for various administrative units are collected for specific components. Indicators will be disaggregated as far as possible by income, gender and inclusion in \u2018 disadvantaged \u2019 groups ( including, inter alia, those disadvantaged because o f geography, gender, disability, ethnicity, disability, refugee status or the need to work ) and will thus include a range o f indicators to assist in the measurement o f project impact on beneficiaries at the govemorate, community and group level. 4. Sustainability i. Institutional sustainability will be ensured through the following: ( i ) project and financial management capacity would be sustained through the involvement o f and capacity building for the relevant MOE Departments, including counterparts at the sub-national levels, in their respective areas of responsibilities ( refer to responsibilities chart under component 3. 2 in the PIP ); ( ii ) quality o f the ECE programs would be sustained through a National Standards regulatory model. The proposed regulatory model would allow for MOE and MISA inspectors, teachers, staff, principals, other providers, community professionals and parents to 11", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 229, + 272, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "M & E will be the responsibility o f the central KG Department with the support o f the C A T and other relevant partners and stakeholders at the central, sub-national, and community levels. Integration o f ECE into the existing Education Management and Information System ( EMIS ) is an important activity to be carried out and is expected to help better monitor and evaluate project progress and impact. CIDA is already helping develop the approach for data organization and information flow - see PIP.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The Education Management and Information System (EMIS) is a system for managing educational data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system for managing educational data", + "mentioned in the context of project activities", + "does not imply direct use of data", + "not explicitly referenced as a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management and Information System (EMIS)' is clearly functioning as a managerial framework rather than a dataset. The phrase indicates that it is a system into which data may flow or be organized, but it does not, on its own, imply that the system is a concrete dataset. The text emphasizes that it's an important activity for the management and evaluation of project progress rather than pointing to it being a standalone dataset. A potential source of confusion for the extraction model could stem from the capitalization and formal naming of the 'EMIS', which may lead one to think of it as a distinct data source. The mention of 'data organization and information flow' reinforces that this is about a system as a structure for handling data rather than containing a structured collection of records that would typically define a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Education Management and Information System' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it's presented as a system designed for managing educational data rather than a specific collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "165_311820EG", + "page": 19, + "text": "In the target govemorates, the NGO and public sectors have the largest share o f the delivery at 33 percent and 39 percent o f the market share, respectively. The project will, therefore, support expansion in the public and not-for-profit ( NGOs ) sectors. Financial 48. The annual cost o f this investment ( including recurrent expenditures ) will approximate 0. 48 percent o f the 1999-2000 Government budget and annual recurrent costs after project close in 2010 are estimated to be approximately 0. 2 percent o f the Government budget o f US $ 2. 69 billion for all levels o f education. Thus the investment is affordable and sustainable. 49. The fiscal impact o f the agreed fee reduction in ECEEP schools is minimal and affordable as it would represent 0. 06 percent o f 1999-2000 Government expenditure o n all levels o f education. Technical 50. The proposed project is based on the ECE Strategic Options paper ( 2002 ) prepared by the Bank in close partnership with the MOE. This paper recommends effective, technically sound and viable approaches for the Government to consider. The project is based o n a series o f technical studies and advice from international experts. It builds on the innovative experiences already tried successfully in Egypt and in the region. Finally, it builds o n the experiences and recommendations from the ECE service providers ( through a Private Sector Survey ) and beneficiaries, such as teachers and parents ( through a Social Assessment ). Among the technical reports conducted for the study, the following are particularly pertinent: Private ECE Sector survey o f service providers ( 2003 ); Social Assessment o f the key 14", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1381, + 1402, + "named" + ], + [ + 944, + 948, + "Private Sector Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 979, + 982, + "Private Sector Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 1254, + 1259, + "Private Sector Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1347, + 1368, + "Private Sector Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1432, + 1452, + "Private Sector Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1631, + 1635, + "Private Sector Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1687, + 1705, + "Private Sector Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It builds on the innovative experiences already tried successfully in Egypt and in the region. Finally, it builds o n the experiences and recommendations from the ECE service providers ( through a Private Sector Survey ) and beneficiaries, such as teachers and parents ( through a Social Assessment ). Among the technical reports conducted for the study, the following are particularly pertinent: Private ECE Sector survey o f service providers ( 2003 ); Social Assessment o f the key 14", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Private Sector Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered from service providers, making it a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'through a Private Sector Survey'", + "described as a survey suggesting data collection", + "mentioned alongside another assessment indicating it as a source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Private Sector Survey' behaves as a dataset since it is positioned as a mechanism through which data has been collected ('through a Private Sector Survey'). The phrasing indicates that it refers to a structured collection of information from service providers, which typically characterizes a dataset. Although it may also suggest a project or a system, the clear intention of the text is to convey it as an analytical data source. The distinction comes from the use of 'through' which emphasizes its role in data gathering rather than just being a title for a project or an ongoing data system. The models could confuse this with a project or a tool based on its naming, especially if they misinterpret the context in which it is mentioned, without grasping the indication that it directly contributes data for the analysis. Overall, it fits the definition of a dataset as it encapsulates collected information rather than serving purely as a project or initiative name that houses data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Private Sector Survey' is treated as a dataset due to its role as a tool for gathering data from service providers, as indicated by the surrounding context that explicitly references it as a source of data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "165_311820EG", + "page": 31, + "text": "M & E Implementation 7. M & E will be the responsibility o f the KG Department with the support o f the C A T and all other relevant partners and stakeholders at the central, sub-national, and community levels. Integration o f ECE into the existing EMIS is an important project activity to be carried out, which i s expected to help better monitor and evaluate project progress and impact. The ECE Department will provide semestrial project progress reports, and will make these available prior to supervision missions in addition to submitting copies to the Bank, CIDA and WFP. Project Development Objective and Performance Indicators 8. The Project Development Objective is to support the Arab Republic of Egypt in providing quality early childhood education that improves the school readiness of 4 and 5 year old children, particularly the disadvantaged. 9. The key performance indicator for this project is: a dupercent increase in enrollment over baseline in KGI-2 of adequate quality in targeted areas ( with particular emphasis on those who are disadvantaged by gender, poverty and disability ). 10.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 249, + 253, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "M & E will be the responsibility o f the KG Department with the support o f the C A T and all other relevant partners and stakeholders at the central, sub-national, and community levels. Integration o f ECE into the existing EMIS is an important project activity to be carried out, which i s expected to help better monitor and evaluate project progress and impact. The ECE Department will provide semestrial project progress reports, and will make these available prior to supervision missions in addition to submitting copies to the Bank, CIDA and WFP.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system for managing educational data", + "mentioned as part of an important project activity", + "does not follow a clear indicator of using data from EMIS as a source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to the Education Management Information System rather than a concrete dataset. The phrase indicates that the EMIS is being integrated for project activities, which implies it's a tool or framework designed to manage and collect educational data, not a specific dataset containing structured records for direct analysis. This understanding is reinforced by the text surrounding the term, where it describes EMIS as part of broader project responsibilities without directly noting that project evaluations or reports will utilize data derived from EMIS. A model might confuse this, recognizing the capitalization and seeing it as a formal name, but 'EMIS' operates more as an infrastructure supporting data management strategies instead of offering a specific, isolated dataset. This confusion stems from its mention alongside performance and monitoring functions, which might lead one to infer it has direct data characteristics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset because it refers to a management information system that enables data management and monitoring for educational contexts, rather than representing a standalone collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "166_304360LK", + "page": 38, + "text": "The Grant Description and Transfer Mechanism N E W will finance a housing support cash grant to selected eligible beneficiary families ( the eligbility criteria are described below ). The selected eligible beneficiary families will qualify for one o f two types of grants-i. e. \u201c fully damaged \u201d housing grant or \u201c partly damaged \u201d housing grant?. The assessment o f fully damaged versus partly damaged houses will occur through a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survev. NEHRP will provide a cash grant o f Rs. 150, 000 to beneficiary families whose house i s assessed as fully damaged. It will provide a grant o f Rs. 70, 000 to beneficiary families whose house i s assessed as partly damaged. It i s estimated that 80 % o f the houses will be classified as fully damaged while 20 % will be categorized as partly damaged. The grant will finance the physical requirement o f at least a permanent foundation o f 400 square feet, four walls and a roof. The pilot has determined that Rs. 150, 000 i s a sufficient grant to provide this structure across all districts o f the North East.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 431, + 487, + "named" + ], + [ + 105, + 134, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survev <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1090, + 1100, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survev <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ". The assessment o f fully damaged versus partly damaged houses will occur through a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survev. NEHRP will provide a cash grant o f Rs.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data used to assess housing damage, qualifying it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "described as an assessment tool rather than a dataset", + "no indication that it is a structured set of records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survev' is presented as a process or project intended to assess housing damage, rather than a concrete dataset. The term doesn't appear after phrases that typically indicate that it contains data, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on.' Instead, it is associated with the action of assessing and evaluating housing damage. The lack of explicit mention of actual data collection or structured data records leads to the conclusion that this is not a dataset. The confusion for the model could stem from the formal naming of the term, which may resemble a dataset but is more accurately described as an initiative or methods for data collection rather than the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term refers to a project or tool for assessment rather than a specific dataset, thus it is not treated as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "166_304360LK", + "page": 38, + "text": "Each beneficiary family will be allowed a period o f approximately four months for the completion o f the physical works. T h i s will mitigate against funds being recycled for other purposes. To facilitate compliance, each eligible beneficiary family will sign a memorandum o f understanding with the DPU. This will outline the target dates and construction progress required for each tranche payment to be triggered and any other obligations to be made by the beneficiary family. Apportioning of Funds across Beneficiaries, Districts and Divisions IDPs from the Jaffna HSZ \u201d and Mannar IDPs in PuttalamZ8 are currently unable to return to their original villages. Talung this into account, NEHRP will attempt to address allocations for IDPs from 25 A house which is more than 60 % damaged will be entitled to a fully damaged housing grant. A house that is between 30-60 % damaged will be entitled to a partly damaged housing grant. The assessment will occur through a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey, using specified criteria ( based on cost o f reconstruction ) o f what constitutes 60 % damaged as opposed to 30 % damaged. 2G i. e. in the name o f both husband and wife, except for a single headed households. \u201d The release o f land to enable the return o f Jaffna HSZ displacees i s a political decision. 28 A PHRD-financed study in 2004 found that 72 % o f Puttalam families have originated from Mannar, 13 % are from Jaffna, 11 % are fiom Mullaitivu and more than 98 % o f the IDPs are Muslim. Overall, 59 % claimed that 33", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 970, + 1026, + "named" + ], + [ + 550, + 554, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 581, + 587, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 692, + 697, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 1287, + 1293, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1363, + 1367, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1427, + 1433, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1449, + 1455, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "A house that is between 30-60 % damaged will be entitled to a partly damaged housing grant. The assessment will occur through a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey, using specified criteria ( based on cost o f reconstruction ) o f what constitutes 60 % damaged as opposed to 30 % damaged. 2G i.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey to assess housing damage and verify social conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an assessment process that collects data", + "structured collection of data implied through 'survey'", + "has specific criteria for assessment, indicating systematic data gathering" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey' is primarily described as an assessment process that is explicitly collecting data regarding housing damage. The use of the term 'survey' suggests a structured approach to data collection, which typically aligns with what a dataset would represent. While it could also be perceived as a project name or an initiative to conduct systematic data collection, the emphasis on assessment criteria implies that it is more than just a project; it signifies systematic documentation of records related to housing damage assessments. The mention of a structured process around this survey further supports the notion that it serves the purpose of data collection rather than merely representing a system or tool. The model may have been confused due to its formal naming, which is common for both datasets and projects, as well as its use of words that typically denote a project or method rather than just raw data. However, in this context, it clearly forms a dataset for analysis purposes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term is treated as a dataset here because it refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey specifically designed for assessing housing damage." + }, + { + "filename": "166_304360LK", + "page": 40, + "text": "vulnerability and poverty maps3 '. Variations between districts makes it necessary for each of these factors to be weighted differently in each district31. Subsequent to selection o f villages, grants will be allocated per village based on: ( i ) caseload o f returnees; and ( ii ) extent o f damaged housing stock. The list o f villages to be included in the program, the number o f grants per village, and a justification of each will be approved at the provincial level and submitted with the rationale behind the selection to IDA for its no-objection. It i s estimated that approximately 1000 villages will participate in NEHRP. Unaccompanied Minor / Orphan Total Score NEHRU will select beneficiaries in the following manner: Subsequent to the selection of the villages and the allocation o f grants per village through the process described above, NEHRU will undertake a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey in the selected villages. The assessment team will consist o f a divisional technical officer, VRC member and a NGO / CBO representative supported by the village headmadwoman ( Grama Niladari representative ). Breadwinner 1 person 2-3 persons 4 and above A potential beneficiary must meet four eligibility conditions to be considered for the housing assistance to begin with. These are: e proposed.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 877, + 933, + "named" + ], + [ + 282, + 314, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It i s estimated that approximately 1000 villages will participate in NEHRP. Unaccompanied Minor / Orphan Total Score NEHRU will select beneficiaries in the following manner: Subsequent to the selection of the villages and the allocation o f grants per village through the process described above, NEHRU will undertake a Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey in the selected villages. The assessment team will consist o f a divisional technical officer, VRC member and a NGO / CBO representative supported by the village headmadwoman ( Grama Niladari representative ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through a survey to assess housing damage and verify social conditions in selected villages.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a process to select beneficiaries", + "described as an assessment rather than a data source", + "implies a survey activity rather than a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey' refers to a specific procedure and activity undertaken by the NEHRU organization to gather information on housing conditions and social verification in selected villages. While it does involve the collection of data, it is not explicitly presented as a dataset. Instead, the language used suggests that it is an assessment or survey process that will lead to the generation of data rather than indicating that it is structured or archived as a dataset. The phrase does not follow terminology indicative of a dataset, such as 'uses data from', nor is it described as a management information system or direct data source. Instead, it is indicative of a project that conducts data collection. The model might have been confused because the term is capitalized, which often signals a proper noun or title, and it could be perceived as a structured source of information; however, without the contextual framing that clearly defines it as a concrete dataset, confusing it for one may lead to misinterpretation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term describes a survey process rather than a concrete dataset or data source; therefore, it should not be classified as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "166_304360LK", + "page": 57, + "text": "In the absence o f effective local mechanisms to plan and implement social development activities, VRCs have begun to play a major role in the North East. The NEPC will form VRCs in those villages targeted by NEHRP that do not currently have VRCs. The VRC formation process will be that developed for the World Bank financed livelihood support cash grants. Tasks include: 0 0 Verify selected beneficiary list; 0 0 0 Contribute to the beneficiary selection process through social verification / damaged assessment survey; Act as local representative at divisional level monitoring committees; Act as intermediary forum between agency officials and community for vertical and horizontal information dissemination; and Information dissemination and represent marginalized families who are unable to articulate their grievances through formally established mechanisms. However, in addition to participation in Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey, VRCs in some villages have volunteered to play added roles during the pilot phase o f the program. This includes the facilitation o f material procurement, coordination o f skilled labor, sponsorshp o f housing development societies and organization o f community labor for the construction o f houses o f widow - headed households. Such expanded roles and functions indicate the capacity o f some VRCs and their potential as a mobilization mechanism at the grass root level. Subsequently, as part o f the communications campaign, an orientation program for those VRCs with the potential for an expanded role will be designed. Particularly orientation i s required on bulk purchasing procedures, quality control 52", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 906, + 962, + "named" + ], + [ + 143, + 153, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 305, + 315, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 756, + 777, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1270, + 1295, + "Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Tasks include: 0 0 Verify selected beneficiary list; 0 0 0 Contribute to the beneficiary selection process through social verification / damaged assessment survey; Act as local representative at divisional level monitoring committees; Act as intermediary forum between agency officials and community for vertical and horizontal information dissemination; and Information dissemination and represent marginalized families who are unable to articulate their grievances through formally established mechanisms. However, in addition to participation in Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey, VRCs in some villages have volunteered to play added roles during the pilot phase o f the program. This includes the facilitation o f material procurement, coordination o f skilled labor, sponsorshp o f housing development societies and organization o f community labor for the construction o f houses o f widow - headed households.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data gathered through surveys to assess housing damage and verify beneficiaries, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of participation in survey", + "described as an activity or process rather than a concrete data source", + "described alongside roles and responsibilities rather than specific datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'Housing Damage Assessment and Social Verification Survey', it's important to note that while the term suggests it encompasses data collection through surveys, it is presented in a context that emphasizes actions and responsibilities rather than the structured dataset that would emerge from such a survey. The phrase follows a description of tasks and roles, positioning it more like an initiative or process rather than being explicitly stated as a source of data. The lack of clear language indicating that this survey generates a specific dataset leads me to conclude that this mention behaves more like an overarching project or initiative rather than a concrete dataset. The model might have inferred it as a dataset because it includes terminology that suggests structured data collection, along with the survey context, but the surrounding text fails to identify it as a dataset in the analytical context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term is better interpreted as a project or process for conducting surveys rather than an actual dataset, as the context emphasizes roles and tasks rather than data sourcing." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 15, + "text": "The systems at M O F and Post Banks \u201d were found to be adequate to support the project. MOSA staff resources in program management will be strengthened by the addition of five experts ( a management, a health, an education and family trainer, a statistics, a finance and an information systems expert ). MOSA will employ consultants to carry out awareness campaigns and training to build capacity in MOH health centers and in project-related services provided by social workers. It will independent monitoring and evaluation consultants. 3. Monitoring and evaluation of outcomedresults The SSNRP project will monitor two types of indicators, output and outcome. The indicators will be collected internally and recorded in the MIS from the program. The output information will be used for the quarterly implementation progress reports to be submitted to the PA, the Bank, and other donors. These reports will cover financial data @ e., disbursements, payments made, payment commitments ), the number of beneficiaries by type, and percentage of condition compliance by the beneficiaries. Outcome indicators will be based on data gathered for the three kinds o f conditions: attendance levels, payments, and compliance.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 726, + 729, + "named" + ], + [ + 992, + 1023, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 1029, + 1084, + "MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Monitoring and evaluation of outcomedresults The SSNRP project will monitor two types of indicators, output and outcome. The indicators will be collected internally and recorded in the MIS from the program. The output information will be used for the quarterly implementation progress reports to be submitted to the PA, the Bank, and other donors.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluation, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a management information system that stores records", + "not explicitly stated to be a data source for analysis", + "described in context primarily as a tool for monitoring and evaluation" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, \"MIS\" is specifically referenced as a management information system that collects and records indicators for monitoring and evaluation. The term follows a description of the SSNRP project and including terms like 'program', emphasizing its role as an internal system for structured collection rather than a dataset that is external or independently used for analysis. The phrase 'used for the quarterly implementation progress reports' does indicate that data is generated for reports, but it does not clarify that the MIS itself is being 'used as data' or 'from which data is sourced' in a direct analysis context. In cases like this, it can be easy to conflate a management information system with a dataset when it provides data for reports, especially if it has a structured collection. However, it is important to recognize that the system is functioning primarily as a tool for data aggregation and management rather than as a dataset itself. The model likely misinterpreted it as a dataset because of its potential to store records and the nature of its mention in a monitoring context, but especially in research, we need to clarify if the references are to tools and infrastructure or the data derived from using them.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is identified as a management information system rather than a dataset, focusing more on its function in monitoring and evaluation than as a direct source of data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 19, + "text": "Special care has been placed on the beneficiary selection process using the level of household poverty as an eligibility criterion. For this purpose, an econometric formula i s used that predicts the level of household consumption using proxy variables derived from the information gathered during the pilot survey. Given that the Palestine census office carries out a census of the West Bank and Gaza every three years, this formula will be updated regularly. Furthermore, the verification instruments are simple and take into account the lessons learned from experience in other countries. Privacy of beneficiary information i s respected and the time consumed in filling out the pertinent forms i s minimal. Outcome and output indicator monitoring takes into account lessons learned from other CCT projects and will augment the information gathered. The forms to verify education, health, and training / awareness conditions will include basic indicators to facilitate monitoring. ( i ) Improving targeting How is it auurouriate to the borrower \u2019 s needs? Under the existing MOSA systems, the assessments made by individual social workers were the sole determinant of eligibility. This approach i s too discretionary and can result in errors of inclusion. The new beneficiary evaluation and selection process will improve targeting and will also free the social workers to spend more time assisting beneficiary households. Roles, responsibilities, and time allocations of social workers under the new system will be better delineated. ( ii ) Will reverse declining school and health allocations outcomes of children Passing grades in Arabic have declined from 71 percent to 38 percent and in math from 54 percent to 26 percent and dropout rates have increased precipitously. Approximately, 34 percent of children under five years old suffer mild anemia and about 9 percent suffer acute protein - calorie malnutrition. Data on the first population decile in the West Bank and Gaza i s scant, the degree of decline i s likely to have been greater for children in the poorest households. The SSNRP program will provide the government and households with an instrument to help mitigate these declines. 16", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 331, + 347, + "named" + ], + [ + 76, + 102, + "Palestine census <> data description" + ], + [ + 331, + 354, + "Palestine census <> publisher" + ], + [ + 383, + 392, + "Palestine census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 397, + 401, + "Palestine census <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1807, + 1836, + "Palestine census <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For this purpose, an econometric formula i s used that predicts the level of household consumption using proxy variables derived from the information gathered during the pilot survey. Given that the Palestine census office carries out a census of the West Bank and Gaza every three years, this formula will be updated regularly. Furthermore, the verification instruments are simple and take into account the lessons learned from experience in other countries.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The Palestine census refers to a structured collection of demographic data gathered every three years, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as an office conducting census", + "describes regular updates but not as a direct data source", + "does not reference structured records or datasets directly" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Palestine census' refers to the activities carried out by the Palestine census office, specifically mentioning their role in conducting a census every three years. While the census itself results in a dataset, the term as presented here does not directly indicate a structured collection or source of data utilized in the analysis. Instead, it serves more as a reference to the office's function or project rather than describing a tangible dataset. The confusion may arise from the fact that census activities typically produce datasets, yet without detailing the dataset itself or how it is used in this analysis, it feels more like a project reference. The model might identify it as a dataset due to its nature of involving data collection, capitalization, and contextual clues, but this specific mention does not function as the dataset itself in the analysis context provided.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Palestine census' is treated as an office or project reference and not as a specific dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 20, + "text": "The FMIS system at the MOF and the Post Bank were found to be adequate to support the project. The project \u2019 s financial statements, including Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) and the Special Account ( SA ), would be audited quarterly internally and annually by an independent auditor, in accordance with internationally accepted standards. In addition, the auditor would carry out field spot check audits to ascertain compliance with contractual requirements. Compliance with conditional cash transfers would be monitored by an independent external consultant ( paragraph C. 3 ). 4. Social Opportunities, constraints, impacts, and risks arising. out of the socio-cultural and political context. The impact of closure and incursions in the West Bank and Gaza has been extensively documented. On the rise are poverty, unemployment, school drop out rates; on the decline or deteriorating are household incomes, living conditions, school attendance rates, at-large nutritional status and in particular of children 0-5 years of age. 13 The so called \u201c newly poor \u201d, those who are just above the poverty line before the outbreak of the second Intifada, in the third quarter of 2000, have been assisted by various interventions. To date, it has been much more difficult to find ways to assist the very poor, or first decile, whose coping mechanisms are essentially exhausted. The proposed project i s designed to support children ( 0-18 years old ) in the first decile. Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 4, + 8, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The FMIS system at the MOF and the Post Bank were found to be adequate to support the project. The project \u2019 s financial statements, including Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) and the Special Account ( SA ), would be audited quarterly internally and annually by an independent auditor, in accordance with internationally accepted standards.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "FMIS refers to a Financial Management Information System, which is a tool or system rather than a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system", + "described as a Financial Management Information System", + "not referenced as a data source", + "used in context of auditing and project support" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'FMIS' refers to a Financial Management Information System rather than a structured dataset. This is highlighted by the mention of it being a 'system at the MOF and the Post Bank', which suggests its function as a tool for financial management rather than a discrete dataset containing quantitative records. The text does not indicate that FMIS itself serves as the analytical source. Instead, it focuses on its adequacy to support a project, which further implies its role as a system rather than a dataset. The model may have been confused by the capitalization of 'FMIS' and the way it appears in conjunction with project-related terms, which could suggest a formal dataset when it is essentially infrastructure or a tool.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, FMIS is not a dataset; it is a Financial Management Information System that serves as a tool for managing financial information, rather than a structured collection of data utilized for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 20, + "text": "The FMIS system at the MOF and the Post Bank were found to be adequate to support the project. The project \u2019 s financial statements, including Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) and the Special Account ( SA ), would be audited quarterly internally and annually by an independent auditor, in accordance with internationally accepted standards. In addition, the auditor would carry out field spot check audits to ascertain compliance with contractual requirements. Compliance with conditional cash transfers would be monitored by an independent external consultant ( paragraph C. 3 ). 4. Social Opportunities, constraints, impacts, and risks arising. out of the socio-cultural and political context. The impact of closure and incursions in the West Bank and Gaza has been extensively documented. On the rise are poverty, unemployment, school drop out rates; on the decline or deteriorating are household incomes, living conditions, school attendance rates, at-large nutritional status and in particular of children 0-5 years of age. 13 The so called \u201c newly poor \u201d, those who are just above the poverty line before the outbreak of the second Intifada, in the third quarter of 2000, have been assisted by various interventions. To date, it has been much more difficult to find ways to assist the very poor, or first decile, whose coping mechanisms are essentially exhausted. The proposed project i s designed to support children ( 0-18 years old ) in the first decile. Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1876, + 1880, + "named" + ], + [ + 741, + 750, + "PCBS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 755, + 759, + "PCBS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1003, + 1028, + "PCBS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1049, + 1059, + "PCBS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1156, + 1177, + "PCBS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1965, + 1985, + "PCBS <> author" + ], + [ + 1987, + 2021, + "PCBS <> data type" + ], + [ + 2040, + 2064, + "PCBS <> author" + ], + [ + 2066, + 2070, + "PCBS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2099, + 2117, + "PCBS <> author" + ], + [ + 2119, + 2123, + "PCBS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PCBS refers to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, which conducts quarterly household surveys, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside other known surveys and data sources", + "implies a structured collection of household survey data", + "described as conducting quarterly surveys for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'PCBS' refers to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, which is primarily known for conducting a variety of statistical surveys, including household surveys. The fact that it is listed alongside other specific, named surveys (like the Palestinian Living Conditions surveys) suggests that it is being used explicitly as a data source for analysis rather than just as an organization or project name. This is a clear indication that PCBS is more aligned with a dataset as it encompasses structured survey data, which is integral for analytical methods in research. While it could be interpreted as an organization, the context strongly leans towards it being a dataset due to its association with concrete survey outputs.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'PCBS' is treated as a dataset because it refers to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, which is specifically noted for its structured quarterly household surveys used in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 20, + "text": "The FMIS system at the MOF and the Post Bank were found to be adequate to support the project. The project \u2019 s financial statements, including Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) and the Special Account ( SA ), would be audited quarterly internally and annually by an independent auditor, in accordance with internationally accepted standards. In addition, the auditor would carry out field spot check audits to ascertain compliance with contractual requirements. Compliance with conditional cash transfers would be monitored by an independent external consultant ( paragraph C. 3 ). 4. Social Opportunities, constraints, impacts, and risks arising. out of the socio-cultural and political context. The impact of closure and incursions in the West Bank and Gaza has been extensively documented. On the rise are poverty, unemployment, school drop out rates; on the decline or deteriorating are household incomes, living conditions, school attendance rates, at-large nutritional status and in particular of children 0-5 years of age. 13 The so called \u201c newly poor \u201d, those who are just above the poverty line before the outbreak of the second Intifada, in the third quarter of 2000, have been assisted by various interventions. To date, it has been much more difficult to find ways to assist the very poor, or first decile, whose coping mechanisms are essentially exhausted. The proposed project i s designed to support children ( 0-18 years old ) in the first decile. Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 2023, + 2038, + "named" + ], + [ + 741, + 750, + "Nutrition Study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1003, + 1028, + "Nutrition Study <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1876, + 1908, + "Nutrition Study <> data type" + ], + [ + 2040, + 2064, + "Nutrition Study <> author" + ], + [ + 2066, + 2070, + "Nutrition Study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2099, + 2117, + "Nutrition Study <> author" + ], + [ + 2119, + 2123, + "Nutrition Study <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2143, + 2161, + "Nutrition Study <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The term 'Nutrition Study' refers to a structured collection of data related to nutrition, which is used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other surveys and studies", + "mentioned in the context of a project", + "not explicitly described as a data source or dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Nutrition Study' is mentioned alongside other surveys and research projects, such as the PCBS quarterly household surveys and the Living Standards quarterly surveys. While it could refer to data on nutrition, the phrase lacks explicit indication as a standalone dataset. Instead, it appears as part of a list of various entities without a clear signifier that it is being treated as a distinct dataset. The presence of other similar studies in the enumeration may contribute to confusion, leading to a misclassification as a dataset. Furthermore, the term does not have an associated phrase like 'uses data from' or similar that would clarify its use as a data source. Rather, it is likely referenced in terms of its role within a research or project context, and not specifically as the structured data needed for analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Nutrition Study' does not behave as a true dataset mention, as it is part of a list of various studies without being explicitly identified as a data source. It appears more like a component of a broader project rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 20, + "text": "The FMIS system at the MOF and the Post Bank were found to be adequate to support the project. The project \u2019 s financial statements, including Statement of Expenditures ( SOE ) and the Special Account ( SA ), would be audited quarterly internally and annually by an independent auditor, in accordance with internationally accepted standards. In addition, the auditor would carry out field spot check audits to ascertain compliance with contractual requirements. Compliance with conditional cash transfers would be monitored by an independent external consultant ( paragraph C. 3 ). 4. Social Opportunities, constraints, impacts, and risks arising. out of the socio-cultural and political context. The impact of closure and incursions in the West Bank and Gaza has been extensively documented. On the rise are poverty, unemployment, school drop out rates; on the decline or deteriorating are household incomes, living conditions, school attendance rates, at-large nutritional status and in particular of children 0-5 years of age. 13 The so called \u201c newly poor \u201d, those who are just above the poverty line before the outbreak of the second Intifada, in the third quarter of 2000, have been assisted by various interventions. To date, it has been much more difficult to find ways to assist the very poor, or first decile, whose coping mechanisms are essentially exhausted. The proposed project i s designed to support children ( 0-18 years old ) in the first decile. Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 2072, + 2088, + "named" + ], + [ + 741, + 750, + "Nutrition Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1003, + 1028, + "Nutrition Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 2040, + 2064, + "Nutrition Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 2066, + 2070, + "Nutrition Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2119, + 2123, + "Nutrition Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 2143, + 2161, + "Nutrition Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Although the SHC has targeted the first decile for more than 20 years, the program i s very small today in relation to need and requires new instruments to address the present situation and to shift MOSA \u2019 s overall strategy from one of coping to one of social springboard. Therefore, the project will support MOSA in reshaping its social assistance strategy and to improve effectiveness and efficiency of ~ l3 PCBS quarterly household surveys, Palestinian Living Conditions quarterly surveys, IUCN, University of Geneva, Living Standards quarterly surveys, Nutrition Study, Johns Hopkins University, 2002, Nutrition Survey, PCBS and BirZeit University, 2002. 17", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Nutrition Survey' refers to a structured collection of data related to nutritional status, which is used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other known surveys", + "follows a list format indicating it is part of structured data collection", + "described as a survey which typically contains records and statistics regarding nutrition", + "referenced with year and relevant institutions, suggesting a well-defined data collection effort" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'Nutrition Survey' appears alongside a list of known surveys and studies related to living conditions and household data. The mention of the associated year (2002) and institutions involved (e.g., Johns Hopkins University) suggests it refers to a specific, structured data collection regarding nutritional status, aligning more closely with a traditional dataset in research contexts. The term does not seem to indicate a project or system in this example as it is not described in terms of functional infrastructure, rather, it presents as an organized data source. The model might have been confused because the term could seem like a project name, but because it is listed amongst other clearly identified data sources and lacks project or infrastructure descriptors, it solidly manifests as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Nutrition Survey' behaves as a legitimate dataset mention because it is referenced alongside other surveys, implies structured data collection, and aligns with typical characteristics of datasets used in analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 30, + "text": "Instead, proxy indicators will be used to show that there i s no further deterioration of baseline conditions, or there i s a net positive change. The working conditions in the West Bank and Gaza make it difficult to use the experimental quantitative methods in which outcomes are compared with those of a randomly assigned control group that i s otherwise eligible for the program and similar to the participants. In child nutrition, the monitoring will only measure the progress of the child from project year 0 when the project starts to year 4 when the project ends, or earlier when the child enrollment in the nutrition program ends at 5 years old. Comparing a sample of project beneficiaries to a comparison group with similar characteristics using baseline and follow-up surveys will assess project impact. This method will establish the net project impact. The baseline values will be updated during a pilot targeting phase where information will be collected in ten governorates, five in the West Bank and the other five in Gaza. The results from survey data, monitoring indicators, and qualitative assessments will be entered into the project \u2019 s Management Information System ( MIS ), and the following measurable indicators will be generated to determine project impact and output: ( i ) Health / Nutrition Grants. The following outcome indicators will be used: 0 0 0 0 Net change in the percentage children brought regularly to health centers for preventive care ( target: 2-10 % ). Net change in children 0-5 years old with complete immunization scheme ( target: 2-10 % ). Net change in children 0-5 years old complying with regular growth and health monitoring ( target: 2-15 % ). Net change in nutritional status ( as measured through anthropometrical indicators ) of children 0 - 3 years old ( target: 2-1596 ). 26 Where TBD i s used in the indicators below, the indicator i s being determined by the pilot program ( January-May, 2004 ). 27", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1157, + 1186, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The baseline values will be updated during a pilot targeting phase where information will be collected in ten governorates, five in the West Bank and the other five in Gaza. The results from survey data, monitoring indicators, and qualitative assessments will be entered into the project \u2019 s Management Information System ( MIS ), and the following measurable indicators will be generated to determine project impact and output: ( i ) Health / Nutrition Grants. The following outcome indicators will be used: 0 0 0 0 Net change in the percentage children brought regularly to health centers for preventive care ( target: 2-10 % ).", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'Management Information System' refers to a system used for managing data and information, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not explicitly stated as a data source", + "data to be entered into it is enumerated as separate sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Management Information System (MIS)' is used to refer to a type of system used for organizing and managing data rather than representing a specific dataset. The text discusses how various types of data, including survey data and monitoring indicators, will feed into the MIS, which suggests it serves as an enabling platform or infrastructure for managing multiple forms of data rather than as a single, cohesive dataset itself. The use of phrases like 'will be entered into' indicates that it is a repository or management tool for the data rather than the data itself. Additionally, there is no mention of the MIS providing structured output or being utilized as a dataset in analyses, which reinforces the notion that it is functioning as a supportive system. Given these contextual signals, it is clear that the model could misinterpret the term as a dataset due to its capitalized form resembling proper nouns associated with datasets, but key language in the context explicitly categorizes it as a system. Therefore, this term does not meet the criteria for being classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Management Information System' is referenced as a system for handling data input rather than as a dataset itself, making it inappropriate to categorize it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 31, + "text": "In so doing, vaccination monitoring would be possible during implementation vis - & vis nutrition checkups. ( ii ) Education Grants. The following outcome indicators will be used: Net change in school attendance ( target: 2-5 % ) Net change in school dropout ( target: 24 % ) Net change in school enrollment ( target: 1-5 % ) Net change in transition rate, especially grades TBD ( target: > or = 0 ). 0 0 0 0 ( iii ) Awareness Grants 0 Attendance at awareness sessions ( target: 80 - 90 % ) ( iv ) MOSA Institutional Strengthening 0 0 Improved MIS in operation 0 New targeting instrument in operation Social Safety Net policy and strategy adopted by MOSA Output Indicators. The project MIS data will track the actual number of beneficiaries, as compared to the estimated number, together with the amount disbursed overall and between beneficiaries of different grant types. The estimates will be updated during a pilot phase based on the actual number of eligible beneficiaries registered in the MIS at MOSA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 996, + 999, + "named" + ], + [ + 180, + 211, + "MIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 498, + 502, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 650, + 654, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 686, + 694, + "MIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project MIS data will track the actual number of beneficiaries, as compared to the estimated number, together with the amount disbursed overall and between beneficiaries of different grant types. The estimates will be updated during a pilot phase based on the actual number of eligible beneficiaries registered in the MIS at MOSA.", + "type": "management information system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System that tracks data related to beneficiaries and grants, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Management Information System", + "project context mentioned instead of specific data usage", + "does not explicitly label as dataset or source of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is explicitly referred to as a Management Information System, which suggests it is designed to store and manage data rather than function as a dataset on its own. The text describes how the MIS will track beneficiaries and disbursements but does not treat it as the primary dataset from which data was drawn for analysis. Instead, it indicates a tool or system that supports the project's data needs. The confusion might arise because the term 'MIS' follows the phrase 'the project MIS data,' which a model could interpret as data usage. However, since it does not mention specific data or findings drawn from the MIS as a standalone dataset, it should not be classified as such. The distinction between data storage and being a data source is reinforced here as the context focuses on the system's role rather than data analysis derived from it.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'MIS' functions as a Management Information System and not as a dataset, as it is described in terms of managing project-related data rather than being the primary source of structured data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 32, + "text": "For health issues, the levels of malnutrition ( i. e., height and weight ) and anemia ( i. e., hemoglobin ) every time the child visits the health center will be gathered and the data collected in pertinent verification forms. For education, the levels of school enrollment and the dropout rates will be measured using the verification forms. In this manner, the outcome indicators will be recorded in the MIS so that an external fm can analyze the information and determine the changes. Outcome indicators will be obtained from the MIS. Data will be gathered for the three kinds of conditions: attendance levels, payments, and compliance; also indicators for beneficiary households, vulnerable members, and financial indicators. This information will be gathered in regular reports to be prepared initially by the project coordination team and afterward by a department at MOSA. In addition to the above, the external firm that analyzes the outcome indicators will also perform operational monitoring for the program at least once a year. Operations under the program vis - & vis the operational manual will be assessed through field visits, consultation to stakeholders, and interviews with program officials, and a review of progress reports. The firm will make recommendations to introduce corrective measures and improve operational efficiency.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 406, + 409, + "named" + ], + [ + 815, + 840, + "MIS <> author" + ], + [ + 874, + 878, + "MIS <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For education, the levels of school enrollment and the dropout rates will be measured using the verification forms. In this manner, the outcome indicators will be recorded in the MIS so that an external fm can analyze the information and determine the changes. Outcome indicators will be obtained from the MIS.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for tracking and analyzing various health and education indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "follows \u2018obtained from\u2019 indicating a source of collected data rather than the dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is referenced as a management information system that operates as a recording tool for outcome indicators. The phrasing suggests that it is a system housing data rather than the dataset itself. The use of terms such as 'obtain from' reinforces that the MIS should be viewed as a tool that compiles and organizes data, rather than as the actual dataset being analyzed. This often leads to confusion because it fits criteria like being mentioned alongside other data collection practices and appearing to contain structured records. However, the key difference is that it's referenced as part of the infrastructure that supports data analysis, not as the dataset which provides raw data for conclusions.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' does not act as a dataset but as a management information system serving as an infrastructure for gathering and storing data. Thus, it should not be classified as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 32, + "text": "For health issues, the levels of malnutrition ( i. e., height and weight ) and anemia ( i. e., hemoglobin ) every time the child visits the health center will be gathered and the data collected in pertinent verification forms. For education, the levels of school enrollment and the dropout rates will be measured using the verification forms. In this manner, the outcome indicators will be recorded in the MIS so that an external fm can analyze the information and determine the changes. Outcome indicators will be obtained from the MIS. Data will be gathered for the three kinds of conditions: attendance levels, payments, and compliance; also indicators for beneficiary households, vulnerable members, and financial indicators. This information will be gathered in regular reports to be prepared initially by the project coordination team and afterward by a department at MOSA. In addition to the above, the external firm that analyzes the outcome indicators will also perform operational monitoring for the program at least once a year. Operations under the program vis - & vis the operational manual will be assessed through field visits, consultation to stakeholders, and interviews with program officials, and a review of progress reports. The firm will make recommendations to introduce corrective measures and improve operational efficiency.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 533, + 536, + "named" + ], + [ + 660, + 682, + "MIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In this manner, the outcome indicators will be recorded in the MIS so that an external fm can analyze the information and determine the changes. Outcome indicators will be obtained from the MIS. Data will be gathered for the three kinds of conditions: attendance levels, payments, and compliance; also indicators for beneficiary households, vulnerable members, and financial indicators.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The MIS refers to a structured collection of data used for tracking and analyzing various health and education indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system that stores records", + "mentioned only as a system and not as a direct source of data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' refers specifically to a Management Information System, which is primarily identified as a structure or system that stores and organizes data rather than being a dataset itself. The text indicates that the outcome indicators will be recorded in the MIS and that analysis will occur from the external side, implying that the MIS is functioning as a tool for data storage rather than being the primary source of the dataset used in the analysis. The mention of 'MIS' is followed by contextual phrases that suggest it is more about infrastructure support for data collection (\u2018data will be gathered for...\u2019) rather than presenting the MIS as a definitive dataset in its own right. This distinction is crucial as it indicates that 'MIS' serves a supportive role while actual reporting occurs from the data it manages. Therefore, it does not qualify as a dataset in this particular context, even though the model might have extracted it under the assumption it was a data source because it appears in a context of data analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS' is identified as a management information system rather than a dataset because it serves as infrastructure for collecting and organizing data rather than being a structured dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 32, + "text": "The program \u2019 s internal monitoring initially will be based on the information delivered by the MIS and the project coordinators. The pertinent department at MOSA will systematically deliver the information as part of the quarterly reports to be submitted to the Bank and other donors. These reports will place special emphasis on financial data ( Le., disbursements, payments made, payment commitments ), the number of beneficiaries by type, and percentage of condition compliance by the beneficiaries. Likewise, once a year, the external firm will make sample verification in situ in order to determine whether the amounts reported by schools and clinics are real and that no significant statistical differences exist. Through the use of qualitative analysis and field visits once a year, the external fm will ensure whether the procedures set forth in the operational manual are being met. The participating institutions will be provided with M & E reports recommending adjustments to procedures in order to improve operational efficiency. If substantial deviations are found to affect the program concept, the Bank will work with MOSA in incorporating mutually acceptable corrective measures. 29", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 96, + 99, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The program \u2019 s internal monitoring initially will be based on the information delivered by the MIS and the project coordinators. The pertinent department at MOSA will systematically deliver the information as part of the quarterly reports to be submitted to the Bank and other donors.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "MIS refers to a Management Information System, which is a program or tool for managing information rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a Management Information System", + "not described as a source of concrete data", + "functions as a tool for reporting rather than collecting data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'MIS' refers explicitly to a Management Information System. Although it supports the program\u2019s internal monitoring and is involved in delivering information, it does not represent a structured collection of data in itself. The phrase describes a role in information management rather than providing concrete data for analysis. The confusion for models might come from the fact that the MIS participates in data delivery processes, and it appears related to reporting, leading to interpretations that it could be a dataset. However, the absence of indication that it holds the structured evidence or data makes it clear that it is more of a governance and reporting tool than a standalone data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The highlighted term 'MIS' does not function as a dataset in this context; it is a Management Information System involved in information management and reporting, rather than a structured set of data." + }, + { + "filename": "167_27761", + "page": 44, + "text": "for Planning ( training consultant ). These consultants will support the DGs in the coordinating functions and preparation o f periodic and annual progress reports from MOSA to the MOF, IDA and donors. These Directorates will be strengthened through technical assistance and training. An additional advisor i s envisaged to build capacity at the DG for Aid Administration and Family Rehabilitation located in the West Bank, who will assist the DG located in Gaza on the coordination of the project in the West Bank. A detailed job description of the DGs respective responsibilities i s given in the Operational Manual. The General Directorate for Financial and Administrative Affairs will manage procurement of goods and services as well as the financial management information system under the SSNRP. The MIS system installed in Gaza i s being replicated in the West Bank. MOSA local offices in the governorates ( muderiats ) will coordinate implementation with local MOH and MOEHE offices on compliance monitoring. Chart 3 shows the organizational diagram of MOSA, although only the concerned DGs in the WB & G responsible for SSNRP implementation. UNRWA will provide a list of its beneficiaries to MOSA, which MOSA will use to validate eligible beneficiaries. Verification of beneficiary compliance with monthly cash transfer conditions will be carried out by MOH and MOEHE, and the information will be forwarded to MOSA.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 806, + 816, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The General Directorate for Financial and Administrative Affairs will manage procurement of goods and services as well as the financial management information system under the SSNRP. The MIS system installed in Gaza i s being replicated in the West Bank. MOSA local offices in the governorates ( muderiats ) will coordinate implementation with local MOH and MOEHE offices on compliance monitoring.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS system' refers to a management information system, which is a tool or application for managing data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "described as a tool for managing data", + "not identified as a source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'MIS system' refers specifically to a management information system. It is described in relation to managing procurement and financial data, which indicates that it serves as a tool rather than a dataset in itself. It does not provide a structured collection of records or data points for analysis, but rather describes the infrastructure to manage and oversee data. The use of 'system' strongly indicates its role as an application or tool that facilitates data management, rather than being a data source. The model may have been confused because the phrase 'MIS system' appears in a formal context that references management and data handling, and it follows a narrative that implies it relates to structured work with data. However, without explicit reference to it serving as a primary data source, it remains inaccurately categorized as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS system' in this context does not represent a dataset; it is a management information system, serving as an infrastructure tool rather than a structured set of records used for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "168_252640updated0version", + "page": 12, + "text": "The government recently created an Interministerial Committee against HIV / AIDS, malaria and TB ( IC ), as required in its National HIV / AIDS Strategic Plan, which will have a policy role ( see section C4 on institutional arrangements for more details ), and a Technical Interministerial Committee ( TIC ), which will be the technical arm o f the IC, to manage the response to HIV / AIDS. These two entities are to be assisted by an Executive Secretariat ( ES ). The Ministry o f Health hired a consulting firm to assist with the preparation o f the National HIV / AIDS Strategic Plan. The prevalence surveys carried out during project preparation provide baseline data for the general population, STI patients, military personnel, and CSWs. The prevalence surveys made it possible to identify the Priority Vulnerable Groups ( PVG ). Also during project preparation, KABP studies were carried out among the general population, school children, military personnel, and dockers in addition to the survey being carried out by Save the Children mentioned above. UNICEF i s implementing a Mother-to-Child Transmission ( MTCT ) pilot program which started at the end o f March 2003. The UNAIDS Thematic Group has also been reinvigorated.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 869, + 881, + "named" + ], + [ + 680, + 698, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 700, + 712, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 714, + 732, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 800, + 826, + "KABP studies <> data description" + ], + [ + 909, + 927, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 929, + 944, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 946, + 964, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ], + [ + 970, + 977, + "KABP studies <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The prevalence surveys made it possible to identify the Priority Vulnerable Groups ( PVG ). Also during project preparation, KABP studies were carried out among the general population, school children, military personnel, and dockers in addition to the survey being carried out by Save the Children mentioned above. UNICEF i s implementing a Mother-to-Child Transmission ( MTCT ) pilot program which started at the end o f March 2003.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "KABP studies refer to structured research studies that collect data on Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices, making them a dataset used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as structured research studies collecting data", + "mentioned as part of project preparation to identify vulnerable groups" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KABP studies' refers to a series of structured research studies focusing on Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices among different population groups. The mention appears alongside other data collection activities related to the project and is explicitly described as having been carried out to gather information about the priority vulnerable groups. The context indicates that these studies are used to identify critical data points relevant to the project\u2019s objectives, which strongly suggests that KABP studies constitute a dataset rather than just a project name or system. Despite the possibility for confusion with a project or system, the phrasing implies their use in data analysis, which aligns with the concept of a dataset. Thus, I consider it a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'KABP studies' is treated as a dataset because it describes structured research focused on collecting data that informs project analysis and planning." + }, + { + "filename": "168_252640updated0version", + "page": 88, + "text": "The data managed could include but not be limited to the following: ( i ) the competitive bidding number; ( ii ) procurement method; ( iii ) date o f publication; ( iv ) date for submitting bids; ( v ) date for receipt o f bids; ( vi ) number o f bidders; ( vii ) date for convening the selection committee; ( viii ) date o f bid opening; ( ix ) date o f award; and ( x ) date for IDA \u201c no objection, \u201d etc. By way o f information, and without incurring any additional major costs, it may be possible to use Excel or Access-type software from Microsoft. I V - Administrative management: Above and beyond information systems, the mission recommends that the organizational guidelines and management procedures be outlined in the procedure manual for the following purposes: ( i ) ensure full comprehension o f the data processing system; ( ii ) procedure consistency; and ( iii ) access to reliable information.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 508, + 513, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The data managed could include but not be limited to the following: ( i ) the competitive bidding number; ( ii ) procurement method; ( iii ) date o f publication; ( iv ) date for submitting bids; ( v ) date for receipt o f bids; ( vi ) number o f bidders; ( vii ) date for convening the selection committee; ( viii ) date o f bid opening; ( ix ) date o f award; and ( x ) date for IDA \u201c no objection, \u201d etc. By way o f information, and without incurring any additional major costs, it may be possible to use Excel or Access-type software from Microsoft. I V - Administrative management: Above and beyond information systems, the mission recommends that the organizational guidelines and management procedures be outlined in the procedure manual for the following purposes: ( i ) ensure full comprehension o f the data processing system; ( ii ) procedure consistency; and ( iii ) access to reliable information.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "Excel is a software application used for data management and analysis, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside software applications (Excel, Access) but not as a data source", + "suggested usage context rather than describing a dataset itself", + "does not contain structured records on its own" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, 'Excel' appears in a context discussing software applications that can help manage or analyze data, rather than serving as a direct reference to a dataset itself. The surrounding text outlines various data elements that could be managed, yet it ultimately implies that Excel is a tool or system used for conducting data operations, rather than a collection of data records. This distinction is critical because while 'Excel' can store data, it is fundamentally a software platform meant for data manipulation and not a repository of datasets per se. A model might have identified 'Excel' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and proximity to discussions on data management, creating confusion between the tool and the data it may facilitate handling. The mention here does not qualify as a dataset since it is not explicitly referred to as containing data in a structured format; rather, it hints at potential tools for managing the data described in a preceding list of elements.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Excel' does not represent a dataset; it is a software tool for data management, which distinguishes it from a structured collection of records. The mention lacks explicit reference to being a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "170_multi0page", + "page": 11, + "text": "The biggest risk that Sierra Leone ' s poor face is a return to civil conflict, political instability and chaos in public administration that would prevent the government from responding to the population ' s needs for food, shelter and economically productive activity. The project is expected to respond to this risk through investments in rehabilitation, employment, and the reinforcement of basic services. As conditions improve, endogenous resistance to a resurgence of conflict is expected to increase. However there is still a need to understand the profile of risks, identify high risk groups, define the interface between vulnerability mapping and poverty mapping, coordinate public programs to reduce nsks and reinforce the coping capacity of the poor. Initially, a participatory assessment of risks and vulnerability will be commissioned using available and forthcoming data from the living standards measurement survey ( LSMS ) of 2003. Risk and vulnerability concepts have already been introduced into the PRSP preparation process by including appropriate questions in the 2003 LSMS. This should enhance the poverty diagnostic dimensions of the PRSP, and inform the development of strategies to ensure that poverty levels do not increase. Risk and vulnerability concepts would be introduced in the design of individual sub-projects selected by communities. Sub-projects would address the most common risks faced by communities, such as inadequate infrastructure, poor health, low school enrollment, and the resumption of conflict. A - 6 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 895, + 930, + "named" + ], + [ + 22, + 34, + "living standards measurement survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 933, + 937, + "living standards measurement survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 943, + 947, + "living standards measurement survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1086, + 1090, + "living standards measurement survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1121, + 1150, + "living standards measurement survey <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "However there is still a need to understand the profile of risks, identify high risk groups, define the interface between vulnerability mapping and poverty mapping, coordinate public programs to reduce nsks and reinforce the coping capacity of the poor. Initially, a participatory assessment of risks and vulnerability will be commissioned using available and forthcoming data from the living standards measurement survey ( LSMS ) of 2003. Risk and vulnerability concepts have already been introduced into the PRSP preparation process by including appropriate questions in the 2003 LSMS.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Standards Measurement Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess living conditions and poverty levels, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018uses available and forthcoming data from\u2019", + "described as a survey that collects structured data on living standards", + "contains specific reference to the LSMS of 2003 as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Living Standards Measurement Survey' appears to function clearly as a dataset. The text explicitly states that it is a source of data for assessing risks and vulnerability, which aligns with how datasets are typically referred to in research contexts. The phrase 'using available and forthcoming data from the living standards measurement survey' clearly identifies the survey as a structured collection of data used for analysis. Although the term could also refer to the project or methodology behind conducting the survey, the context of discussing its data for a specific study solidifies its role as a dataset in this instance. The model may have been confused by instances where similar terms refer to projects or systems but, here, the explicit mention of data collection and future access underlines its dataset nature.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'living standards measurement survey' is treated as a dataset because it directly serves as a source of structured data for research on living conditions, and the text clarifies its role in the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "170_multi0page", + "page": 11, + "text": "The biggest risk that Sierra Leone ' s poor face is a return to civil conflict, political instability and chaos in public administration that would prevent the government from responding to the population ' s needs for food, shelter and economically productive activity. The project is expected to respond to this risk through investments in rehabilitation, employment, and the reinforcement of basic services. As conditions improve, endogenous resistance to a resurgence of conflict is expected to increase. However there is still a need to understand the profile of risks, identify high risk groups, define the interface between vulnerability mapping and poverty mapping, coordinate public programs to reduce nsks and reinforce the coping capacity of the poor. Initially, a participatory assessment of risks and vulnerability will be commissioned using available and forthcoming data from the living standards measurement survey ( LSMS ) of 2003. Risk and vulnerability concepts have already been introduced into the PRSP preparation process by including appropriate questions in the 2003 LSMS. This should enhance the poverty diagnostic dimensions of the PRSP, and inform the development of strategies to ensure that poverty levels do not increase. Risk and vulnerability concepts would be introduced in the design of individual sub-projects selected by communities. Sub-projects would address the most common risks faced by communities, such as inadequate infrastructure, poor health, low school enrollment, and the resumption of conflict. A - 6 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1091, + 1095, + "named" + ], + [ + 22, + 34, + "LSMS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 895, + 930, + "LSMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 943, + 947, + "LSMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1086, + 1090, + "LSMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1121, + 1150, + "LSMS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Initially, a participatory assessment of risks and vulnerability will be commissioned using available and forthcoming data from the living standards measurement survey ( LSMS ) of 2003. Risk and vulnerability concepts have already been introduced into the PRSP preparation process by including appropriate questions in the 2003 LSMS. This should enhance the poverty diagnostic dimensions of the PRSP, and inform the development of strategies to ensure that poverty levels do not increase.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The LSMS is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis of living standards, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referenced as a survey that collects data", + "mentioned in connection with poverty diagnostics", + "specific data source referenced in conjunction with PRSP preparation process" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, LSMS clearly refers to a survey that collects data about living standards, specifically mentioned in association with an analysis of risks and vulnerabilities. The term appears after a phrase indicating the use of data (\u2018using available and forthcoming data from\u2019), which immediately gives it the character of a data source rather than a mere project name or system. Although LSMS could potentially be confused with a project name (given that it also refers to a survey initiative), the embedded context strongly establishes it as a dataset. The usage pattern suggests that the model may have classified it as a dataset simply based on the functional role it plays in the analysis being discussed. However, the explicit reference to its contribution to informational needs in the PRSP further cements its identity as a dataset here, rather than a mere tool or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, LSMS is treated as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source of structured data used for analysis, directly involved in the assessment of poverty and risk factors." + }, + { + "filename": "170_multi0page", + "page": 30, + "text": "Annex 1: Project Design Summary SIERRA LEONE: NATIONAL SOCIAL ACTION PROJECT. Hierarchy o. Qbijctives - ' -. diator r, t, P r! jCitidaI As ' s-umptIons, Y - Sector-related CAS Goal: Sector Indicators: Sector / country reports: ( from Goal to Bank Mission ) Mitigate the risk of renewed 1. National conflict / security - - UNHCR / OCHA reports - Continued peace and conflict and lay foundation related indicators - Household Income and regional security for poverty reduction and 2. Inter-regional disparities in Expenditure Surveys - Economic and political improvements in nutrition, I-PRSP & PRSP core - PETS surveys stability health, education and indicators - Strategic Planning and targeting the rural 3. Inter-regional disparities in Action Process ( SPP ) reports population, women and Popular Benchmarks children. Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: Assist war affected - Improved social capital and - Initial Social Assessment - Communities in the NSAP communities to restore organizational development; ( to establish indicators and target areas are assisted to infrastructure, services and - Increased access to and use methodologies for social ensure a reduced risk of build local capacity for of social and economic capital and organizational conflict collective action.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 605, + 609, + "named" + ], + [ + 32, + 44, + "PETS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "National conflict / security - - UNHCR / OCHA reports - Continued peace and conflict and lay foundation related indicators - Household Income and regional security for poverty reduction and 2. Inter-regional disparities in Expenditure Surveys - Economic and political improvements in nutrition, I-PRSP & PRSP core - PETS surveys stability health, education and indicators - Strategic Planning and targeting the rural 3. Inter-regional disparities in Action Process ( SPP ) reports population, women and Popular Benchmarks children.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "PETS refers to a structured collection of data used to track public expenditure, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of surveys", + "follows a description of surveys, not direct data usage", + "potentially a project or initiative rather than a conventional dataset", + "lacks direct attribution as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "Upon analyzing the context, 'PETS' appears within a list of reports and indicators related to various aspects of economic and social outcomes. The surrounding phrases suggest that 'PETS' is likely referring to a type of survey or a framework rather than a specific dataset. It is positioned amidst other studies and reports, which leads to the interpretation that it functions more as a project or a method for data collection rather than providing direct, concrete data itself. The extraction model might have confused it for a dataset due to its capitalized form, the structured nature implied by it being described alongside indicators, and initial assumptions based on phraseology typically associated with datasets, such as the language of 'indicators' or 'surveys'. However, because the text does not state explicitly that this is a data source or provide clear data records, it leans more to the conceptual side of data collection rather than being a traditional dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'PETS' does not function as a dataset but rather refers to a type of survey or project focused on public expenditure tracking." + }, + { + "filename": "171_multi0page", + "page": 69, + "text": "Some concerns have been raised in relation with the Bank account reconciliation process for individual components managed by the other executing agencies. This risk is not expected to be high; in any case, the reconciliation process will be closely monitored during project implementation. In order to mitigate the previously-described risks, SHD plans to carefully manage its own resources and to provide adequate counterpart funding to the proposed project in a timely manner. In addition SHD has confirmed its intention to utilize the FMRs to monitor the flow of funds and expenditures pertaining to the project. The utilization of FMRs would greatly facilitate the general reconciliation process among the Special Account and the various project accounts. All project funds provided by the Bank would be clearly identified and would not be mixed with other SHD resources. Furthermore, the fact that the other executing agencies participating in the project do not have the same level of financial management capabilities might constitute a risk factor. The executing agencies would then: ( i ) be assisted by the PCU in preparing the requisite financial information; and ( ii ) be expected to invest human and financial resources in order to strengthen their institutional financial capabilities to participate efficiently and effectively in the project management. Specific ratings of the project financial management aspects are as follows: - 66 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 538, + 542, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In order to mitigate the previously-described risks, SHD plans to carefully manage its own resources and to provide adequate counterpart funding to the proposed project in a timely manner. In addition SHD has confirmed its intention to utilize the FMRs to monitor the flow of funds and expenditures pertaining to the project. The utilization of FMRs would greatly facilitate the general reconciliation process among the Special Account and the various project accounts.", + "type": "financial report", + "explanation": "FMRs (Financial Monitoring Reports) are tools used for financial management and reporting, not a structured collection of data for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for financial management", + "described in the context of monitoring funds and expenditures", + "not presented as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'FMRs' refers to Financial Monitoring Reports, which serve as tools or instruments used to track financial metrics related to a project. The phrase 'utilize the FMRs to monitor' indicates that these reports are applied in a practical manner for oversight and management, suggesting their role is more about functionality than serving as a dataset with structured data typically used for analysis. They are not described as a collection of records or indicators but rather as reports that facilitate understanding of financial activities in the project. This could lead to confusion for the model, as 'FMRs' carries the capitalization and form of a proper noun, which is often associated with datasets or formal data sources. However, since they do not represent a dataset in the conventional sense, the distinction is made clearer here by the context of their use as management tools rather than raw data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "FMRs are not a dataset in this context; they function as financial management tools rather than structured data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "171_multi0page", + "page": 69, + "text": "Some concerns have been raised in relation with the Bank account reconciliation process for individual components managed by the other executing agencies. This risk is not expected to be high; in any case, the reconciliation process will be closely monitored during project implementation. In order to mitigate the previously-described risks, SHD plans to carefully manage its own resources and to provide adequate counterpart funding to the proposed project in a timely manner. In addition SHD has confirmed its intention to utilize the FMRs to monitor the flow of funds and expenditures pertaining to the project. The utilization of FMRs would greatly facilitate the general reconciliation process among the Special Account and the various project accounts. All project funds provided by the Bank would be clearly identified and would not be mixed with other SHD resources. Furthermore, the fact that the other executing agencies participating in the project do not have the same level of financial management capabilities might constitute a risk factor. The executing agencies would then: ( i ) be assisted by the PCU in preparing the requisite financial information; and ( ii ) be expected to invest human and financial resources in order to strengthen their institutional financial capabilities to participate efficiently and effectively in the project management. Specific ratings of the project financial management aspects are as follows: - 66 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 635, + 639, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition SHD has confirmed its intention to utilize the FMRs to monitor the flow of funds and expenditures pertaining to the project. The utilization of FMRs would greatly facilitate the general reconciliation process among the Special Account and the various project accounts. All project funds provided by the Bank would be clearly identified and would not be mixed with other SHD resources.", + "type": "financial report", + "explanation": "FMRs refers to Financial Monitoring Reports, which are documents used for financial oversight rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as monitoring reports", + "not enumerated with datasets", + "mentioned in the context of project financial oversight" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, 'FMRs' stands for Financial Monitoring Reports, which are clearly documents rather than structured datasets. The phrase 'utilize the FMRs to monitor the flow of funds' indicates that these reports serve as oversight tools, providing details about financial activities associated with a project. While the term 'FMRs' may sound like it could refer to a data system or structured data source due to the capitalization there is no indication that these reports contain or represent a specific dataset that can be analyzed directly. Instead, they are used for monitoring and oversight, serving a different purpose than a dataset would. The model might have been confused because 'FMRs' follows a phrase that seems to indicate a data usage ('utilize the FMRs'), which could lead one to think it refers to a dataset, but its function as reports clearly points it away from being a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'FMRs' are not treated as a dataset but as financial monitoring documents used for oversight, which do not qualify as structured data sources." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 8, + "text": "Rehabilitation of the School System ( i ) 50 % of primary and JSS schools in the target districts reach the BOL; ( ii ) 70 % completion rate in primary schools in target districts ( iii ) 20 % increase in girls ' enrollment rate in primary schools in the target districts of northern and eastern regions ( iv ) 20 % increase in enrollment in Junior Secondary Schooling ( JSS ) in the target districts ( v ) 20 % increase in passing rate of students taking the Basic Education Certificate Exammnation ( BECE ) Sector management ( i ) A Project Coordination Unit ( PCU ) exists within the MEST capable of conducting: the procurement and financial management of the project; technical review of proposals to develop Component I of the Project; and monitoring and supervision of all project activities; ( ii ) An enhanced capacity of the MEST to conduct: planning, monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the provision of school services, and stakeholder coordination; ( iii ) Existence of an operational Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) fully integrated - 3 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1000, + 1039, + "named" + ], + [ + 275, + 303, + "Education Management Information System <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1042, + 1046, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Rehabilitation of the School System ( i ) 50 % of primary and JSS schools in the target districts reach the BOL; ( ii ) 70 % completion rate in primary schools in target districts ( iii ) 20 % increase in girls ' enrollment rate in primary schools in the target districts of northern and eastern regions ( iv ) 20 % increase in enrollment in Junior Secondary Schooling ( JSS ) in the target districts ( v ) 20 % increase in passing rate of students taking the Basic Education Certificate Exammnation ( BECE ) Sector management ( i ) A Project Coordination Unit ( PCU ) exists within the MEST capable of conducting: the procurement and financial management of the project; technical review of proposals to develop Component I of the Project; and monitoring and supervision of all project activities; ( ii ) An enhanced capacity of the MEST to conduct: planning, monitoring and evaluation ( M & E ) of the provision of school services, and stakeholder coordination; ( iii ) Existence of an operational Education Management Information System ( EMIS ) fully integrated - 3 -", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an operational Education Management Information System", + "mentioned as an information system not explicitly as a dataset", + "part of a project management context rather than a direct data use context" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Education Management Information System' is referred to as an operational system, indicating that it serves as an infrastructure for managing educational data rather than a dataset itself. The surrounding text focuses on project management and capabilities related to monitoring and evaluation. Although EMIS contains data and functions as a data system, its mention here does not imply that it is the primary source of structured data used for analysis. This could confuse models, as it is capitalized and described in a way that suggests importance, yet it lacks explicit context indicating that it is being used as a dataset. Thus, I interpret it as a tool that facilitates data management rather than a standalone dataset being analyzed or referenced directly in the study.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, the Education Management Information System is more accurately described as an infrastructure or tool for managing educational data rather than a dataset itself, as it is presented within a context focusing on project capabilities and management." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 10, + "text": "In addition, there is a lack of basic furniture, teaching and learning materials, overcrowding in many schools in safer areas, disorientation and psychological trauma experienced by a large segment of the population, especially children, a weakened institutional capacity of the MEST in managing the education system, a serious lack of information and data to plan the provision of services, and poor coordination of the various initiatives among numerous actors working in the education sector. Main Sector Issues 2. 2 Data presented in this section draw extensively from two sources: the National School Survey Report ( NSSR ) conducted by Research Triangle Institute and Paul Musker and Associates in collaboration with the Central Statistics Office ( CSO ), at the end of 2001 in the context of the preparation of the project; and the Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey ( MICS ) undertaken in 2000. The NSSR received support of a PHRD grant, and covered all existing institutions ( Grades 1-9 ), taking into account formal, non-formal, community-based and rapid education programs. ( a ) Limited access to education and regional and gender disparities - 5 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 590, + 619, + "named" + ], + [ + 228, + 236, + "National School Survey Report <> reference population" + ], + [ + 622, + 626, + "National School Survey Report <> acronym" + ], + [ + 642, + 669, + "National School Survey Report <> author" + ], + [ + 674, + 700, + "National School Survey Report <> author" + ], + [ + 776, + 780, + "National School Survey Report <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Main Sector Issues 2. 2 Data presented in this section draw extensively from two sources: the National School Survey Report ( NSSR ) conducted by Research Triangle Institute and Paul Musker and Associates in collaboration with the Central Statistics Office ( CSO ), at the end of 2001 in the context of the preparation of the project; and the Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey ( MICS ) undertaken in 2000. The NSSR received support of a PHRD grant, and covered all existing institutions ( Grades 1-9 ), taking into account formal, non-formal, community-based and rapid education programs.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The National School Survey Report is a structured collection of data gathered through a survey, making it a dataset used for research and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'draw extensively from'", + "described as a survey conducted for data collection", + "mentioned alongside another known dataset (MICS)" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'National School Survey Report' clearly functions as a dataset mention because it is presented as a report resulting from a structured undertaking aimed at data collection. The phrase 'draw extensively from' indicates that the content that follows heavily relies on the findings from this report. Furthermore, it is explicitly stated that this report was conducted to prepare for a project, suggesting that it includes organized data relevant to the education sector. The model might have been confused if it were to view the report merely as a documentation or project name, but the context clarifies its use as a solid source of data. The mention of another dataset alongside it (Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey) reinforces its role as a meaningful data source, as both are treated as critical sources of information in this analysis. Thus, despite potential confusion seen in project names or systems, the evidence aligns it well as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The National School Survey Report is treated as a dataset here due to its explicit role in data collection for analysis, indicated by the phrase 'draw extensively from' and its context as a structured survey." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 10, + "text": "In addition, there is a lack of basic furniture, teaching and learning materials, overcrowding in many schools in safer areas, disorientation and psychological trauma experienced by a large segment of the population, especially children, a weakened institutional capacity of the MEST in managing the education system, a serious lack of information and data to plan the provision of services, and poor coordination of the various initiatives among numerous actors working in the education sector. Main Sector Issues 2. 2 Data presented in this section draw extensively from two sources: the National School Survey Report ( NSSR ) conducted by Research Triangle Institute and Paul Musker and Associates in collaboration with the Central Statistics Office ( CSO ), at the end of 2001 in the context of the preparation of the project; and the Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey ( MICS ) undertaken in 2000. The NSSR received support of a PHRD grant, and covered all existing institutions ( Grades 1-9 ), taking into account formal, non-formal, community-based and rapid education programs. ( a ) Limited access to education and regional and gender disparities - 5 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 839, + 873, + "named" + ], + [ + 642, + 669, + "Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 674, + 700, + "Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 727, + 752, + "Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey <> author" + ], + [ + 897, + 901, + "Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Main Sector Issues 2. 2 Data presented in this section draw extensively from two sources: the National School Survey Report ( NSSR ) conducted by Research Triangle Institute and Paul Musker and Associates in collaboration with the Central Statistics Office ( CSO ), at the end of 2001 in the context of the preparation of the project; and the Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey ( MICS ) undertaken in 2000. The NSSR received support of a PHRD grant, and covered all existing institutions ( Grades 1-9 ), taking into account formal, non-formal, community-based and rapid education programs.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows 'sources:'", + "described as a survey that collects indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The 'Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey' (MICS) is mentioned alongside the National School Survey Report (NSSR) as a source of data. The phrase 'the Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey (MICS) undertaken in 2000' indicates that it is treated as a data-generating activity rather than just an administrative project. The term 'indicators' is also a strong signal that relates directly to structured data collection. Since it is presented as contributing to the data presented in the section, this further supports the interpretation of it as a dataset. Models might confuse it with a project due to its formal name format; however, the context clearly indicates it is treating MICS as a source of data rather than merely referring to an initiative or methodology.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Multiple Cluster Indicators Survey' functions as a dataset because it is explicitly referenced as a source from which data is drawn, alongside another known dataset, validating its role in data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 13, + "text": "( d ) Displaced populations, and its impact on teachers and students 2. 15 Since 1991, more than 20, 000 lives have been lost as a direct result of the conflict and related insecurity has caused the internal displacement of an estimated 1. 2 million people, approximately 25 percent of the population. Thousands of Sierra Leoneans, including children have had their limbs amputated. UNHCR estimates ( Provisional Statistics on Refugees and Others of Concern to UNHCR for the Year 2000 ) that more than 500, 000 people are either refugees, asylum-seekers, internally displaced people ( IDP ) or return IDPs. While many have been repatriated or have returned by themselves prior to the coup, it is estimated that about the same number still remain in Liberia and Guinea. According to UNICEF estimates, there are approximately 5, 000 children enrolled in Sierra Leone ' s various armed groups, including the Kamajors. Another 10, 000 children have been registered as being separated from their families. 2. 16 The massive number of displaced individuals has led to the current situation where most of the trained teachers have either left the country, or have migrated to and stayed in Freetown. The number of displaced teachers estimated in the NSSR accounted for 6 % of the total teaching staff.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1243, + 1247, + "named" + ], + [ + 81, + 85, + "NSSR <> reference year" + ], + [ + 315, + 330, + "NSSR <> reference population" + ], + [ + 480, + 484, + "NSSR <> publication year" + ], + [ + 555, + 582, + "NSSR <> reference population" + ], + [ + 852, + 864, + "NSSR <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1183, + 1191, + "NSSR <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "16 The massive number of displaced individuals has led to the current situation where most of the trained teachers have either left the country, or have migrated to and stayed in Freetown. The number of displaced teachers estimated in the NSSR accounted for 6 % of the total teaching staff.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "The NSSR refers to a report that likely contains structured data regarding social safety, including statistics on displaced teachers, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only in regard to estimation", + "does not explicitly state it's a data source", + "appears to refer to a report rather than structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'NSSR' appears to refer to a report that assesses the number of displaced teachers rather than a concrete dataset. While 'NSSR' includes structured data within its report, it is not explicitly mentioned as producing data for analysis or as a source in the same way other datasets might be cited. The phrase 'accounted for 6 % of the total teaching staff' suggests that the data is derived from the report, but it does not clarify that the NSSR itself is being utilized as a primary data source. This ambiguity likely leads to confusion for models, especially since 'NSSR' may be interpreted as a formal project or system title due to its acronymic nature and capitalized format. Nevertheless, the key indicators here lean towards 'NSSR' functioning as a report rather than a dataset in the traditional sense, where clear data structures and collections would be identified. Thus, I conclude that it should not be labeled as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'NSSR' refers to a report estimating displaced teachers, not a standalone dataset, as it lacks explicit citation as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 42, + "text": "Data collection activities are carried out M A properly staffed and equipped EMIS is in a timely manner and are utilized for established in the MEST. planning and management purposes. The sector performance indicators are defined and included in annual data collection activities on a gradual basis over time. The planning department of the MEST is restructured on the basis of key planning operations and staff qualifications. Overall Risk Rating 5 Risk Rating - H ( High Risk ), S ( Substantial Risk ), M ( Modest Risk ), N ( Negligible or Low Risk ) 3. Possible Controversial Aspects: 3. 1 The Project supports the provision of services by private SPs such as, Catholic, Protestant and Islamic religious groups, NGOs and CBOs. Even though there is a long tradition in Sierra Leone by these SPs, and currently 85 % of government-assisted schools are administered by the missions, it can be argued that the provision of education services be made solely by the State. It is clear that the proposed approach has an advantage for the MEST so that it serves as a regulatory and policy making body, which is more consistent with modern trends, and more efficient in meeting the education needs of the population. - 37 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 77, + 81, + "named" + ], + [ + 188, + 217, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 771, + 783, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Data collection activities are carried out M A properly staffed and equipped EMIS is in a timely manner and are utilized for established in the MEST. planning and management purposes.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for planning and management in the education sector.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a system for data collection", + "described as being equipped and staffed", + "not explicitly stated to contain datasets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' appears to be referring to an Education Management Information System, which denotes an infrastructure rather than a concrete dataset. The text outlines how this system supports data collection and management but does not assert that the system itself is a dataset. The model might have misinterpreted 'EMIS' as a dataset as it is in context related to data activities and is capitalized, suggesting a formal entity. However, the surrounding phrases indicate it is more about the system's role in facilitating data rather than being a standalone dataset. Furthermore, EMIS is described as being properly staffed and equipped, which further implies its operational nature as a system rather than just a source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is better understood as a management information system rather than a dataset, as it is described in terms of its operational capacity for data collection rather than as a source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 44, + "text": "Annex 1: Project Design Summary SIERRA LEONE: REHABILITATION OF BASIC EDUCATION Key Performance Data Collection Strategy Hierarchy of Objectives Indicators. Critical AIsumptions Sector-related CAS Goal: Sector Indicators: Sector / country reports: ( from Goal to Bank Mission ) To rehabilitate the education 70 % completion rate for Annual sector performance Political and social stability sector in order to support the primary education in target report by the MEST. remains in order to carry out provision of education districts and a 20 % increase in the program. Continuous services as a key instrument in enrollment on average for girls dedication and support of establishing normalcy in the in primary schools in the MEST decision makers and country. target districts of Northem key operational personnel. and Eastem regions is achieved by end of Project. 20 % increase in enrollment in JSS is achieved by the end of Project 20 % increase in passing rate of students taking the BECE in the target districts in 2007 as compared to 2001 Project Development Outcome I Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: To assist primary and JSS to At least 50 % of primary Annual school surveys and Schools achieving basic achieve BOL standards, schools in targeted districts EMIS reports. operational standards will be defined in terms of trained meet BOL standards by the more effective in providing teachers and headmasters, end of", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1303, + 1307, + "named" + ], + [ + 1017, + 1021, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1037, + 1041, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1200, + 1221, + "EMIS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "and Eastem regions is achieved by end of Project. 20 % increase in enrollment in JSS is achieved by the end of Project 20 % increase in passing rate of students taking the BECE in the target districts in 2007 as compared to 2001 Project Development Outcome I Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: To assist primary and JSS to At least 50 % of primary Annual school surveys and Schools achieving basic achieve BOL standards, schools in targeted districts EMIS reports. operational standards will be defined in terms of trained meet BOL standards by the more effective in providing teachers and headmasters, end of", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in conjunction with reports", + "appears in the context of project outcomes", + "described as EMIS reports, implying a system for reporting rather than a distinct dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referenced alongside project development outcomes and is framed in a way that suggests it serves as a management information system for educational data reporting rather than being a distinct dataset itself. The mention of 'EMIS reports' indicates that it is a platform or system that may house various datasets used for analysis, but it does not solely represent a concrete data source that can stand alone. The extraction model may have identified 'EMIS' as a dataset due to its capitalized form and potential association with structured data, but crucially, it operates more as a reporting system that compiles data from various sources rather than providing a unique dataset. Confusion may arise because it seems to imply the presence of data, but without clear indications that it operates independently as a dataset, I conclude that it is better categorized as infrastructure for data rather than an individual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a distinct dataset because it is presented as a reporting system involved in project outcomes and summarized as 'EMIS reports'. It functions as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 45, + "text": "( c ) 100 junior secondary reports. school complete grants by EOP. ( d ) Average of 95 JSS partial grants per year. ( e ) 90 % of unqualified teachers ( on a total of estimated 10, 000 unqualified teachers Grade I to 9 ) receive in-service basic training. Annual basic education sector The MEST is implementing a performance report by the transparent selection criteria of MEST, and by the PSC. site selection and construction and rehabilitation activities. Annual school facilities SPs are fully committed and surveys and EMIS reports involved to deliver education starting year 2003. services under the BOL standards premise. Quarterly consolidated Other stakeholders mamtain progress report prepared by their commitment to support the PCU and Planning the education sector. Directorate. Supervision reports. Capacity to implement the BOL standards is adequate at Field supervision and the national, regional, district evaluation reports and school levels. Component H: Enhanced institutional The PCU is able to undertake PSC quarterly reports on grant The MEST is committed to capacity of the MEST. at least quarterly technical proposal vetted by the work in partnershlp with the reviews of grant proposals in PCU / technical team. other stakeholders ( including Capacity is developed at the order to present them to the NGOs ). MEST central and district PSC for decision.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 523, + 527, + "named" + ], + [ + 580, + 584, + "EMIS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "site selection and construction and rehabilitation activities. Annual school facilities SPs are fully committed and surveys and EMIS reports involved to deliver education starting year 2003. services under the BOL standards premise.", + "type": "report", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data related to education management, making it a dataset used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside reports (not data)", + "indicating structured collection but lacks explicit use as a data source", + "unclear reference as it may be a system rather than a dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' follows a general reference to reports rather than being explicitly identified as a concrete data source. While 'EMIS' can refer to an education management information system that indeed contains data, the phrasing here suggests it is being referenced as part of activities rather than being used as a specific dataset. The context indicates ongoing projects or processes and does not specify 'EMIS' as the primary data source. The model may have confused 'EMIS' as a dataset due to the mention of surveys and reports that often imply structured data, but those terms do not confirm that 'EMIS' itself is being utilized as a dataset for analysis. The lack of a direct connection, such as 'uses data from EMIS', leads to the conclusion that 'EMIS' should not be categorized as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' appears to refer more to an education management information system rather than an explicit dataset, as it is mentioned in a general way alongside reports and lacks a clear function as the primary data source." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 46, + "text": "grant program and oversight WMA A Finance Directorate able to Adequate procedures in manage all project funds and compliance with IDA financial treasury and to comply with management and accounting accounting, budgeting and rules. financial reporting requirements. Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i. e. udget execution ); personnel Four annual school surveys ( payroll and deployment published. ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector. Improved personnel Audit report on personnel management system with management contracted out. effective procedures enforced for recruitment, deployment Records on MEST ' s staff on and payment of MEST ' s staff the payroll. and teachers on the payroll. 80 trainers trained in first year List of trainers published and of Project to serve as trainers evaluation report on training for in-service teacher training received. activities to be implemented via school grants. 600 SMCs established with Reports on school tnspections prior mobilization from the from Inspectorate. community and with capacity built ( training when required ) to monitor school grant", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 429, + 433, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an established system that collects and manages data related to education, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and planning.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as linking data on finance", + "mentioned in relation to procedures and integration", + "appears to be a system for managing data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is presented as a system (an Education Management Information System) rather than a discrete dataset. The phrasing indicates it is a network infrastructure for education data collecting and managing this data rather than being a source or collection of data per se used for analysis. It is more focused on functionality and framework rather than a concrete dataset. The confusion arises partly because it seems to be associated with data but is not clearly defined as an isolated dataset within the extract, using language that emphasizes its role as a management system rather than as a data repository. This leads to ambiguity, especially if one tries to categorize it solely based on its appearance and naming.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, EMIS is not treated as a dataset because it's framed as a management information system that organizes and links data rather than being a standalone collection of data that can be directly analyzed." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 46, + "text": "grant program and oversight WMA A Finance Directorate able to Adequate procedures in manage all project funds and compliance with IDA financial treasury and to comply with management and accounting accounting, budgeting and rules. financial reporting requirements. Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i. e. udget execution ); personnel Four annual school surveys ( payroll and deployment published. ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector. Improved personnel Audit report on personnel management system with management contracted out. effective procedures enforced for recruitment, deployment Records on MEST ' s staff on and payment of MEST ' s staff the payroll. and teachers on the payroll. 80 trainers trained in first year List of trainers published and of Project to serve as trainers evaluation report on training for in-service teacher training received. activities to be implemented via school grants. 600 SMCs established with Reports on school tnspections prior mobilization from the from Inspectorate. community and with capacity built ( training when required ) to monitor school grant", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 459, + 463, + "named" + ], + [ + 839, + 855, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1114, + 1122, + "EMIS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a database that collects and organizes data related to education, including infrastructure, personnel, and financial information, making it suitable for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a network infrastructure", + "described as having procedures in place for integration", + "follows no indication of being a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is referenced in a way that highlights its infrastructure and operational setup rather than its function as a straightforward dataset. The phrase 'data on EMIS network infrastructure' suggests that it supports data collection without being solely a data source itself. Furthermore, the context refers to 'procedures in place gradually integrating,' indicating that EMIS is more of a management system or project. Therefore, while it might hold data, it is not treated directly as a dataset within the provided text. The model might have been confused due to the capitalization of the term 'EMIS' and its relation to data, which often leads to an assumption that it directly serves as a dataset. However, it lacks explicit indicators that it is intended to function primarily as a source of structured data for the analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' acts more like a management information system or infrastructure that supports data collection rather than being identified as a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 46, + "text": "grant program and oversight WMA A Finance Directorate able to Adequate procedures in manage all project funds and compliance with IDA financial treasury and to comply with management and accounting accounting, budgeting and rules. financial reporting requirements. Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i. e. udget execution ); personnel Four annual school surveys ( payroll and deployment published. ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector. Improved personnel Audit report on personnel management system with management contracted out. effective procedures enforced for recruitment, deployment Records on MEST ' s staff on and payment of MEST ' s staff the payroll. and teachers on the payroll. 80 trainers trained in first year List of trainers published and of Project to serve as trainers evaluation report on training for in-service teacher training received. activities to be implemented via school grants. 600 SMCs established with Reports on school tnspections prior mobilization from the from Inspectorate. community and with capacity built ( training when required ) to monitor school grant", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 753, + 757, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an established system that collects and manages data related to education, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and planning.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of reports", + "refers to a management information system", + "discussed in relation to planning and the education sector" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'EMIS' appears repeatedly tied to its role in producing reports and supporting planning for the education sector, which strongly indicates that it operates as a management information system rather than a standalone dataset. The term is capitalized, suggesting it may represent a proper name or recognized system, yet, without explicit phrasing that identifies it as a data source, it comes across more as a tool or infrastructure that facilitates the gathering and use of data, rather than constituting a concrete dataset itself. Moreover, 'EMIS data' could generally suggest the collection of data managed by the system, but the lack of specific mention of structured records or datasets in the context suggests that it's not being treated as an actual dataset here. This dual nature (system vs dataset) can create confusion for models that identify terms based on their form alone, leading to misinterpretations based on structural similarities rather than contextual meanings.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset in this context, as it is framed primarily as a management information system that supports data usage for education planning, rather than an identifiable dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 46, + "text": "grant program and oversight WMA A Finance Directorate able to Adequate procedures in manage all project funds and compliance with IDA financial treasury and to comply with management and accounting accounting, budgeting and rules. financial reporting requirements. Internal Audit unit able to Report on budget execution per eview all MEST operations quarter and annual budget forecast based on assessment of needs and pnorities. EMIS established with data on EMIS network infrastructure four school annual surveys and set up with procedures in place gradually integrating and for users. linking data on finance ( i. e. udget execution ); personnel Four annual school surveys ( payroll and deployment published. ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector. Improved personnel Audit report on personnel management system with management contracted out. effective procedures enforced for recruitment, deployment Records on MEST ' s staff on and payment of MEST ' s staff the payroll. and teachers on the payroll. 80 trainers trained in first year List of trainers published and of Project to serve as trainers evaluation report on training for in-service teacher training received. activities to be implemented via school grants. 600 SMCs established with Reports on school tnspections prior mobilization from the from Inspectorate. community and with capacity built ( training when required ) to monitor school grant", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 784, + 788, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "ecords ); and indicators on OL standards. EMIS data are effectively used EMIS reports. for planning and prospective work on the education sector.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System that collects and organizes data related to education, making it a structured collection of data used for analysis and planning.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentions data usage in reports but does not indicate it is a standalone dataset", + "implies a system with no specific data identifiers provided" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' refers to the Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing and organizing educational data rather than a singular dataset itself. The term appears alongside phrases like 'EMIS data are effectively used' which may lead to some confusion, as it suggests usage of data. However, it does not present itself as an explicit dataset nor does it contain details that would classify it as a concrete data source for analysis. Instead, it is seen more as an infrastructure or tool that facilitates access to organized educational information. The extracted term can appear to be a dataset because it is used in analytical contexts, but here, it's clear the term refers to the system structure rather than a standalone dataset. This distinction is key, considering potential ambiguity in language around data management systems in research documents.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset here, as it refers to a management information system rather than a specific collection of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 47, + "text": ". ' - ': - '; 1 - Key Performance | Data Collectiori Strategy, Hierarchy of Objectives J Indicators.. Critcal, Assumptions Project Components / Inputs: ( budget for each Project reports: ( from Components to Sub-components: component ) Outputs ) 1. Support to service US $ 36M Detailed quarterly reports on Schools in need of providers to rehabilitate the the procurement and rehabilitation are identified provision of education distribution status of based on a priority critena. services ( School Grants classroom facilities Program ). Annual EMIS survey report The PSC is functioning successfully. Detailed quarterly report on SPs have: ( i ) key personnel; civil works activities by the ( ii ) capacity to procure goods Civil Works unit of the and services according to planning division. project regulations; ( iii ) financial management and reporting capacity; and ( iv ) capacity to monitor and report on project activities. Monthly financial statements The MEST implements a and quarterly progress reports monutoring and supervision from the service providers. plan. Field supervision. 2. Enhanced institutional US $ 4. OM Capacity-building coordinator capacity of the MEST. recruited. 2. 1 Establishment of a PCU. US $ 0. 9M Key high quality personnel recruited.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 545, + 549, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "services ( School Grants classroom facilities Program ). Annual EMIS survey report The PSC is functioning successfully. Detailed quarterly report on SPs have: ( i ) key personnel; civil works activities by the ( ii ) capacity to procure goods Civil Works unit of the and services according to planning division.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The EMIS survey report is a structured collection of data related to education management information systems, used for analysis and reporting.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of an 'Annual EMIS survey report'", + "described in the context of being a survey report but not directly indicating it contains data", + "potentially refers to a management information system for educational data", + "does not explicitly describe records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' appears in reference to an annual survey report, which indicates broader reporting or auditing rather than a distinct dataset suitable for analysis. EMIS often denotes an education Management Information System, and while it may collect data, the text doesn't clarify that the mention of EMIS refers specifically to a dataset itself. Instead, it highlights a report that could summarize findings from many data points rather than acting as a direct source of numerical data or records. The phrase turns more towards a description of a system/process rather than concretely presenting \u2018EMIS\u2019 as a data source. The model might have been confused by the designation 'report' alongside EMIS, interpreting it as a type of dataset due to the structure of the sentence.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'EMIS' refers to an education management information system or the report sharing insights from it, not directly to a dataset itself." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 47, + "text": "Procedures in place. 2. 2 Strengthening of US $ 1. 5M Quarterly project Information and reporting MEST ' s planning and implementation progress needs clearly defined. management capacity. report for the first year and the Staff trained in collecting and annual EMIS reports from end recording information for 2002. EMIS. Hardware and software purchased and EMIS set up accordingly. 2. 3 Support to education US $ 1. 6M Inspectors duly trained to service delivery. provide pedagogical support and monitor implementation of the education curriculum. Public information campaign to mobilize communities in setting up SMC. SMC members trained - 42 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 261, + 265, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "management capacity. report for the first year and the Staff trained in collecting and annual EMIS reports from end recording information for 2002. EMIS.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a management information system", + "not explicitly described as containing structured data for analysis", + "appears in a report context without a direct reference to data usage" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is clearly referred to as a management information system, which indicates that it is a framework or tool used for handling educational information rather than being a dataset in itself. The context suggests it is involved in reporting and collecting information but does not explicitly state that the analysis uses data from EMIS or that it provides a concrete dataset for research. The mention of annual reports does indicate some form of organized data, but it is not sufficient to classify EMIS itself as a dataset. An extractor may have been confused because EMIS is capitalized and might generally imply a structured system; however, without explicit indicators of data usage or integration into an analysis context, it should not be considered a dataset here. Thinking along the lines of boundaries, systems like EMIS often provide access to datasets, but they are fundamentally different from the datasets themselves unless clearly stated otherwise.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, EMIS is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system, which serves to collect and report data rather than being a concrete data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 47, + "text": "Procedures in place. 2. 2 Strengthening of US $ 1. 5M Quarterly project Information and reporting MEST ' s planning and implementation progress needs clearly defined. management capacity. report for the first year and the Staff trained in collecting and annual EMIS reports from end recording information for 2002. EMIS. Hardware and software purchased and EMIS set up accordingly. 2. 3 Support to education US $ 1. 6M Inspectors duly trained to service delivery. provide pedagogical support and monitor implementation of the education curriculum. Public information campaign to mobilize communities in setting up SMC. SMC members trained - 42 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 315, + 319, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "report for the first year and the Staff trained in collecting and annual EMIS reports from end recording information for 2002. EMIS. Hardware and software purchased and EMIS set up accordingly.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an Education Management Information System (EMIS)", + "mentioned only as a system, not as a data source", + "context focuses on setup and hardware/software aspects" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' clearly refers to an Education Management Information System rather than a specific dataset. The sentence structures indicate discussions about setup, hardware, and software related to the EMIS, suggesting infrastructure rather than data itself. The pipeline may have confused the term due to its capitalization and the temporal aspect ('annual EMIS reports'), where it could sound like it provides data. However, the lack of context framing EMIS as a data source and the reference to it as a management information system indicate that it's a tool for managing data rather than the curated data it manages. Thus, the line is drawn here based on the nature of the reference\u2014as a management system that organizes and processes data rather than the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' represents a system for managing educational data, not a dataset. It focuses on the infrastructure supporting data collection rather than the data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 47, + "text": "Procedures in place. 2. 2 Strengthening of US $ 1. 5M Quarterly project Information and reporting MEST ' s planning and implementation progress needs clearly defined. management capacity. report for the first year and the Staff trained in collecting and annual EMIS reports from end recording information for 2002. EMIS. Hardware and software purchased and EMIS set up accordingly. 2. 3 Support to education US $ 1. 6M Inspectors duly trained to service delivery. provide pedagogical support and monitor implementation of the education curriculum. Public information campaign to mobilize communities in setting up SMC. SMC members trained - 42 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 357, + 361, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "EMIS. Hardware and software purchased and EMIS set up accordingly. 2.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a program or system rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "not described as a data source", + "focus on hardware and software instead of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'EMIS' clearly stands for an Education Management Information System. The surrounding context mentions hardware and software setups in relation to EMIS but does not provide any direct indication that EMIS itself is being treated as a dataset. The term lacks any phrases that typically indicate data usage or data sources, such as 'uses data from' or 'based on'. Instead, it seems to link more with system implementation rather than conveying that EMIS is a structured collection of records. The model might have been confused because 'EMIS' is a proper noun and can be perceived as a source of data if only the name is considered. However, in this specific context, where the setup of hardware and software is noted, it reinforces that EMIS serves as a system rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "EMIS is not treated as a dataset here; it's described as a management information system focused on installation and setup rather than data collection." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 55, + "text": "technical assistance to benefit the Personnel Directorate, which will include the appointment of a personnel management specialist. The objective is to support the establishment of an effective human resources management system to ensure that: ( i ) all staff are duly accounted for; that ( ii ) recruitment and deployment of staff ( in particular teachers ) are carried out in a transparent and rational fashion to maximize cost-effectiveness; and that ( iii ) administrative procedures are being streamlined. Capacity building activities in this area will include the following tasks: e Cleaning the MEST ' s existing personnel and preparing a database including both civil servants ( under the Personnel Management Office ) and personnel under contracts ( e. g. teachers in government-assisted schools ). Information on personnel will have to include geographical location ( i. e.: deployment ), qualifications, date of recruitment, ranking grade / level, etc. Procedures to ensure that this database is updated regularly will be determined and integrated within the EMIS. o Overhauling of rules and procedures used for the appointment / recruitment and deployment of existing and new personnel, in particular teachers, to expedite and ease the overall process ( i. e. providing better access to and rapid processing of information ) and ensuring greater compliance with existing rules in this area.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 602, + 606, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The objective is to support the establishment of an effective human resources management system to ensure that: ( i ) all staff are duly accounted for; that ( ii ) recruitment and deployment of staff ( in particular teachers ) are carried out in a transparent and rational fashion to maximize cost-effectiveness; and that ( iii ) administrative procedures are being streamlined. Capacity building activities in this area will include the following tasks: e Cleaning the MEST ' s existing personnel and preparing a database including both civil servants ( under the Personnel Management Office ) and personnel under contracts ( e. g.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MEST refers to an organization (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management system that stores records", + "mentioned as a project related to human resources", + "MEST refers to an organization, not a specific dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MEST' clearly refers to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. It is associated with the development of a human resources management system rather than a specific dataset. The language surrounding 'MEST' suggests that it is an entity responsible for managing resources and staffing rather than a structured collection of data. The mention of 'cleaning the MEST\u2019s existing personnel' indicates that it operates as an administrative body or project, and the subsequent reference to preparing a database implies that the database contains records related to personnel, but does not equate 'MEST' itself to the database. The model may have confused 'MEST' as a dataset due to the contextual phrases that typically indicate data usage, such as 'cleaning existing personnel,' which might imply data management activities that involve datasets. However, since 'MEST' is primarily an organization and not the data itself, it does not classify as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MEST' is not a dataset; it refers to an organization involved in managing human resources, evidenced by its description and function rather than being a structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 55, + "text": "technical assistance to benefit the Personnel Directorate, which will include the appointment of a personnel management specialist. The objective is to support the establishment of an effective human resources management system to ensure that: ( i ) all staff are duly accounted for; that ( ii ) recruitment and deployment of staff ( in particular teachers ) are carried out in a transparent and rational fashion to maximize cost-effectiveness; and that ( iii ) administrative procedures are being streamlined. Capacity building activities in this area will include the following tasks: e Cleaning the MEST ' s existing personnel and preparing a database including both civil servants ( under the Personnel Management Office ) and personnel under contracts ( e. g. teachers in government-assisted schools ). Information on personnel will have to include geographical location ( i. e.: deployment ), qualifications, date of recruitment, ranking grade / level, etc. Procedures to ensure that this database is updated regularly will be determined and integrated within the EMIS. o Overhauling of rules and procedures used for the appointment / recruitment and deployment of existing and new personnel, in particular teachers, to expedite and ease the overall process ( i. e. providing better access to and rapid processing of information ) and ensuring greater compliance with existing rules in this area.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1070, + 1074, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": ": deployment ), qualifications, date of recruitment, ranking grade / level, etc. Procedures to ensure that this database is updated regularly will be determined and integrated within the EMIS. o Overhauling of rules and procedures used for the appointment / recruitment and deployment of existing and new personnel, in particular teachers, to expedite and ease the overall process ( i.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Education Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a database within the EMIS", + "mentioned as a system for managing education-related data", + "focus on procedures for managing data rather than the data itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is explicitly identified as an Education Management Information System. The surrounding text indicates that it is a framework or infrastructure for managing educational data rather than a standalone dataset. While the term appears alongside descriptions about databases and management systems, it does not denote a structured collection of data that can be analyzed on its own. This can lead to confusion as the term 'database' is used, which might lead a model to consider 'EMIS' as a data source, particularly if there was an assumption that all such mentions refer to datasets. The distinction comes down to 'EMIS' serving as a mechanism for management rather than a concrete, analyzable dataset. Thus, it is better seen as a system that manages or organizes data, rather than being the actual dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' functions as an educational management system rather than an identifiable dataset, making it inappropriate to classify it as a dataset in this instance." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 111, + "text": "Additional Annex II: Education Sector Analysis SIERRA LEONE: REHABILITATION OF BASIC EDUCATION Education Sector Analysis Based on the MICS ( 2000 ) survey, a preliminary analysis of the sector has been conducted. The data collection was done in 2000, and approximately 24, 000 individuals belonging to about 3, 900 households were interviewed The survey had national coverage ( 1, 198 in the North Region, 972 in the East Region, 815 in the South Region and 919 in the West Region ). Of the total number of households included in the sample, 2, 720 households were located in rural area, while 1, 184 were located in urban settings. In order to maximize the accuracy of the data given the large size of the sample, the raw data collected are not to be representative of the entire country, but the use of weights was used to obtain representative national estimates.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 134, + 138, + "named" + ], + [ + 47, + 59, + "MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 141, + 145, + "MICS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 392, + 404, + "MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 417, + 428, + "MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 441, + 453, + "MICS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 469, + 480, + "MICS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Additional Annex II: Education Sector Analysis SIERRA LEONE: REHABILITATION OF BASIC EDUCATION Education Sector Analysis Based on the MICS ( 2000 ) survey, a preliminary analysis of the sector has been conducted. The data collection was done in 2000, and approximately 24, 000 individuals belonging to about 3, 900 households were interviewed The survey had national coverage ( 1, 198 in the North Region, 972 in the East Region, 815 in the South Region and 919 in the West Region ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "MICS refers to a survey that collects structured data for analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'Based on'", + "described as a survey", + "collects structured data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MICS' clearly refers to a specific survey (the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys) that was conducted in 2000. The language used indicates that it is foundational to the analysis in question, as demonstrated by the phrase 'Based on the MICS (2000) survey.' This indicates that MICS generates structured data, which is essential for the analysis being conducted. The reference to specific data points and the national coverage of the survey reinforces the implication that MICS is used as a dataset in this context. Potential confusion could arise if MICS were presented in a different context as merely a tool or a program, but that is not the case here; it is explicitly presented as the source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, MICS is treated as a real dataset mention because it clearly refers to a survey that collects structured data, directly influencing the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "172_multi0page", + "page": 114, + "text": "Table 4: Entry rate in primnar Grade 1 by gender. geographic location and region Access to pnmary Grade I ( % ) Total 51. 9 Boys 55. 4 Girls 48. 0 Urban 73. 3 Rural 42. 4 North 34. 7 East 42. 8 South 58. 1 West 85. 0 A pattern relatively similar to that obtained on the GER was observed, namely: i ) that gender disparities are moderate ( 55. 4 percent for boys, 48 percent for girls ); but that ii ) the gap between urban and rural areas is quite substantial ( 73 percent in urban, but only 42 percent in rural ); and iii ) that regional disparities are very wide ( 35 percent in the North, 43 percent in the East, 58 percent in the East, but 85 percent in the Western Region ). From the data presented in Table 4, it may also be stressed that, within the global population of adolescents, only a very small proportion of those in the age group 15 to 20, have had any access to schooling. It is indeed estimated that among the 2, 929 individuals in that age group in the survey as many as 2002 ( 68. 4 percent ) did not have access to school at all.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 270, + 273, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "1 West 85. 0 A pattern relatively similar to that obtained on the GER was observed, namely: i ) that gender disparities are moderate ( 55. 4 percent for boys, 48 percent for girls ); but that ii ) the gap between urban and rural areas is quite substantial ( 73 percent in urban, but only 42 percent in rural ); and iii ) that regional disparities are very wide ( 35 percent in the North, 43 percent in the East, 58 percent in the East, but 85 percent in the Western Region ).", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "GER refers to a concept (Gross Enrollment Ratio) rather than a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "GER is referred to as a concept rather than a data source", + "observations related to GER rather than data from a specific dataset", + "not described as containing records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'GER' stands for Gross Enrollment Ratio, which is a statistical concept used to measure the ratio of total enrollment in a specific level of education to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to that level of education. The text uses 'GER' in a descriptive manner to refer to observed patterns and disparities in enrollment rather than indicating a specific collection of structured data records. It is not presented as a dataset, a system, or even a project; there are no phrases implying that 'GER' serves as a source of data like 'uses data from...' or 'based on...'. A model might have erroneously classified it as a dataset due to its capitalized form and its association with quantitative observations, but it fails to meet the criteria for a concrete data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GER' is not treated as a dataset; it refers to a conceptual measure (Gross Enrollment Ratio) and is used primarily for descriptive analysis rather than as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "173_multi0page", + "page": 1, + "text": "CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ( Exchange Rate Effective March 21, 2002 ) Currency Unit = GNF GNF 100 = US $. 05 ( or 5 cents ) US $ 1 = 1978 GNF FISCAL YEAR ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACTafrica AIDS Campaign Team for Africa AGBEF Guinean Association for Family Well-Being ARV ( T ) Anti-retroviral ( Therapy ) CAS Country Assistance Strategy CBO Community-based Organization CCC Communication for Changing Behavior CDF Comprehensive Development Framework CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CNLS National Comittee for the fight against AIDS CPLS Prefectoral Committee for the fight against AIDS CRLS Regional Committee for the fight againt AIDS CRD Communaute Rurale de Developpement ( rural development communities ) DHS Demographic and Health Survey EA Environmental Assessment EDS Enquete Demographie et Sante EMP Environment Management Plan FMA Financial Management Agent GNF Guinean Francs GTZ German Technical Assistance Organization HCR Haut Commissariat aux RefugiJs HIPC Highly Indebted Poor Country HIV-OI / STI Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Opportunistic Infection / Sexually transmitted infection LkPSO Inter-Agency Procurement Services Office IDP Internally displaced persons KAP Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices MAP Multi-sectoral AIDS Project PACV Projet d ' Appui aux Communautes Villageoises PMTCT Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission PLWHA / PWS Person living with HIVIAIDS / Personnes vivant avec VIHISIDA PNLS Plan National de lutte contre le SIDA PNPCSP Programme national de la prise en charge sanitaire et de la prevention PPSG Projet Population et Sante Gdndsique PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PSI Population Services International, NGO UNIPAC United Nations Children '", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 720, + 753, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ( Exchange Rate Effective March 21, 2002 ) Currency Unit = GNF GNF 100 = US $. 05 ( or 5 cents ) US $ 1 = 1978 GNF FISCAL YEAR ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACTafrica AIDS Campaign Team for Africa AGBEF Guinean Association for Family Well-Being ARV ( T ) Anti-retroviral ( Therapy ) CAS Country Assistance Strategy CBO Community-based Organization CCC Communication for Changing Behavior CDF Comprehensive Development Framework CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CNLS National Comittee for the fight against AIDS CPLS Prefectoral Committee for the fight against AIDS CRLS Regional Committee for the fight againt AIDS CRD Communaute Rurale de Developpement ( rural development communities ) DHS Demographic and Health Survey EA Environmental Assessment EDS Enquete Demographie et Sante EMP Environment Management Plan FMA Financial Management Agent GNF Guinean Francs GTZ German Technical Assistance Organization HCR Haut Commissariat aux RefugiJs HIPC Highly Indebted Poor Country HIV-OI / STI Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Opportunistic Infection / Sexually transmitted infection LkPSO Inter-Agency Procurement Services Office IDP Internally displaced persons KAP Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices MAP Multi-sectoral AIDS Project PACV Projet d ' Appui aux Communautes Villageoises PMTCT Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission PLWHA / PWS Person living with HIVIAIDS / Personnes vivant avec VIHISIDA PNLS Plan National de lutte contre le SIDA PNPCSP Programme national de la prise en charge sanitaire et de la prevention PPSG Projet Population et Sante Gdndsique PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PSI Population Services International, NGO UNIPAC United Nations Children '", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys focused on demographic and health information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as a health survey", + "capable of providing structured demographic and health data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS Demographic and Health Survey' clearly refers to a structured process of data collection focused on demographic and health metrics. It aligns with the understanding that it embodies a dataset as it is a well-known survey methodology and is recognized in the public health arena for generating data on these topics. Although it might resemble a project or information system due to its naming convention and acronym, the significant contextual information indicates it functions primarily as a data source. The model could have been confused due to its listing among various organizations, projects, and initiatives, and the potential ambiguity that comes with such environments where multiple project names and data sources coexist.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "This term represents a recognized survey generating structured demographic and health data, characterizing it as a dataset for analysis purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "173_multi0page", + "page": 28, + "text": "Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: Limiting and reversing the - At least 55 % of high risk KAP studies Continued political support by trend of the epidemic by population ( youth, army, sex ministers and religious groups preventing new infections workers, truck drivers, miners ) used a condom in their last sexual encounter. - at least 50 % of people who Baseline is the 1999 DHS are aware of AIDS have used a which showed 27 % for men condom with a partner other and 18 % for women. than their regular partner in the last 12 months - Keep the HIV prevalence Data from sentinel sites, and armong 15 to 24 year old sero-prevalence surveys in urban pregnant women below 2002 and in 2006 5 % by 2006. Output from each Output Indicators: Project reports: ( from Outputs to Objective ) Component: Support to Commrunity based initiatives A social support system is - Increase by at least 1, 500 the Surveys Contracted agency ( ies ) able to developed in which CCC number of orphans who attend provide the relevant service. activities are strengthened in school regularly as of 2004. the communities for all groups affected by HIV / AIDS ( orphans, PLWHA, high risk groups ) - Decrease by at least 20 % the Baseline is the 1999 DHS; % of women and men who KAP Surveys don ' t know any mean to CNLS progress reports - 25 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 445, + 448, + "named" + ], + [ + 440, + 444, + "DHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 613, + 632, + "DHS <> data type" + ], + [ + 710, + 730, + "DHS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 749, + 753, + "DHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1285, + 1289, + "DHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: Limiting and reversing the - At least 55 % of high risk KAP studies Continued political support by trend of the epidemic by population ( youth, army, sex ministers and religious groups preventing new infections workers, truck drivers, miners ) used a condom in their last sexual encounter. - at least 50 % of people who Baseline is the 1999 DHS are aware of AIDS have used a which showed 27 % for men condom with a partner other and 18 % for women. than their regular partner in the last 12 months - Keep the HIV prevalence Data from sentinel sites, and armong 15 to 24 year old sero-prevalence surveys in urban pregnant women below 2002 and in 2006 5 % by 2006.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "DHS refers to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are structured collections of data used for research and analysis on health and population metrics.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described in the context as a baseline for indicators", + "referenced directly for specific demographic and health outcomes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'DHS' refers specifically to the Demographic and Health Surveys, which are widely recognized structured datasets used for analyzing health-related information. The phrasing within the context indicates that DHS serves as a baseline against which certain health indicators (such as condom use and awareness of AIDS) are measured. While it might initially appear that DHS could be confused with a project or management information system due to its capitalization and formal designation, the explicit connection to clear health indicators and the mention of 'baseline' reinforces its role as a concrete dataset in this instance. The extraction model may have misjudged it as merely a project if the context were less clear or if the DHS were discussed more abstractly. However, given the firmly established use of DHS in health metrics, it should be classified as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, DHS is indeed a dataset because it refers to the formal collection of demographic and health-related data that is utilized for indicating specific outcomes." + }, + { + "filename": "173_multi0page", + "page": 28, + "text": "Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: Limiting and reversing the - At least 55 % of high risk KAP studies Continued political support by trend of the epidemic by population ( youth, army, sex ministers and religious groups preventing new infections workers, truck drivers, miners ) used a condom in their last sexual encounter. - at least 50 % of people who Baseline is the 1999 DHS are aware of AIDS have used a which showed 27 % for men condom with a partner other and 18 % for women. than their regular partner in the last 12 months - Keep the HIV prevalence Data from sentinel sites, and armong 15 to 24 year old sero-prevalence surveys in urban pregnant women below 2002 and in 2006 5 % by 2006. Output from each Output Indicators: Project reports: ( from Outputs to Objective ) Component: Support to Commrunity based initiatives A social support system is - Increase by at least 1, 500 the Surveys Contracted agency ( ies ) able to developed in which CCC number of orphans who attend provide the relevant service. activities are strengthened in school regularly as of 2004. the communities for all groups affected by HIV / AIDS ( orphans, PLWHA, high risk groups ) - Decrease by at least 20 % the Baseline is the 1999 DHS; % of women and men who KAP Surveys don ' t know any mean to CNLS progress reports - 25 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1318, + 1329, + "named" + ], + [ + 324, + 337, + "KAP Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 339, + 345, + "KAP Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 440, + 448, + "KAP Surveys <> reference year" + ], + [ + 710, + 730, + "KAP Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1140, + 1144, + "KAP Surveys <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1285, + 1293, + "KAP Surveys <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "activities are strengthened in school regularly as of 2004. the communities for all groups affected by HIV / AIDS ( orphans, PLWHA, high risk groups ) - Decrease by at least 20 % the Baseline is the 1999 DHS; % of women and men who KAP Surveys don ' t know any mean to CNLS progress reports - 25 -", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KAP Surveys refer to structured collections of data that assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to specific topics, in this case, HIV/AIDS.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as 'KAP Surveys' but not presented as a data source", + "no clear mention of using data from or based on KAP Surveys", + "appears to indicate a method of assessment rather than a concrete dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KAP Surveys' seems to refer broadly to surveys that assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices about HIV/AIDS, rather than a specific dataset containing collected responses or structured records. There\u2019s no explicit statement indicating that data from these surveys is being utilized or analyzed; the sentence lacks attribution of actual data or records. Hence, it does not fit as a dataset in the same way a database might present itself. Also, the term does not enumerate alongside datasets or suggest that it is a direct source of data for the mentioned activities. The confusion may stem from the formal appearance of 'KAP Surveys' which might lead models to misidentify it as a concrete dataset instead of viewing it as a type of measurement or assessment tool. The language seems to imply a method of collecting information rather than a structured data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'KAP Surveys' refers to a survey methodology rather than a specific dataset. It is not presented as a data source on its own, and no data is being utilized from it, leading to the conclusion that it is not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "180_multi0page", + "page": 7, + "text": "Progress has also been achieved in some of the other dimensions of human deprivation that affected postwar BH; e. g., improved conditions for return of refugees and the displaced, notably physical security, which has led to increasing numbers of minority returns. But most Bosnians remain far worse off than before the war. And despite high postwar growth rates, BH remains the second-poorest country in the SEE region on a per capita basis. While there are many estimates, there is no reliable recent data on poverty incidence based on a comprehensive household survey [ a Living Standards Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) is underway ]. The best currently available survey data suggest that 27 percent of BH ' s population of about 4. 2 million fall below a relative poverty line, while 11 percent fall below an extreme poverty line. This data also suggest that regional disparities are high: about half the population of Republika Srpska fell below the poverty line, and substantial differences exist among the Federation ' s cantons, with Sarajevo and West Herzegovina having the lowest poverty incidence. The project would complement the LDP and focus on strengthening the institutional and financial capacity of municipalities not eligible under the LDP through the provision of performance-based grant financing for infrastructure and service investments in poorer municipalities.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 574, + 609, + "named" + ], + [ + 273, + 281, + "Living Standards Measurement Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 553, + 569, + "Living Standards Measurement Survey <> data type" + ], + [ + 663, + 674, + "Living Standards Measurement Survey <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "And despite high postwar growth rates, BH remains the second-poorest country in the SEE region on a per capita basis. While there are many estimates, there is no reliable recent data on poverty incidence based on a comprehensive household survey [ a Living Standards Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) is underway ]. The best currently available survey data suggest that 27 percent of BH ' s population of about 4.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Standards Measurement Survey is a structured collection of data used to assess living conditions and poverty levels, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a survey underway", + "not explicitly presented as a data source", + "implies an ongoing project rather than completed data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Living Standards Measurement Survey' is referenced as an ongoing survey that is currently underway rather than a completed dataset with available data. The phrase 'LSMS is underway' suggests it is still in the process of gathering data rather than a finalized collection that can be used for analysis. While the term does describe a structured survey collection, the focus in this sentence is on the lack of recent data and the fact that this survey has not yet yielded results. This context implies that it functions more like a project than a concrete dataset. A model might have confused it due to the phrasing and the fact that it is a formal name, which usually indicates a dataset, but in this case, the emphasis is on the survey as an ongoing project for future data gathering rather than one that presently serves as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Living Standards Measurement Survey' is not treated as a dataset here because it is described as an ongoing survey that has not yet produced finalized data, focusing instead on the need for recent data rather than providing it." + }, + { + "filename": "180_multi0page", + "page": 54, + "text": "Detailed discussions were carried out with the financial manager in the LORA ( now FSD ). The following issues were discussed and explained - the financial management and LACI requirements, including accounting, reporting, internal control, budgeting, auditing, financial manual, and accounting system. It is stressed that proper arrangements will have to be put in place to ensure that the accounting records generated are accurate and reliable. It was explained that specific books and records will have to be designed and set up as soon as possible. At a minimum, there should be a general ledger and cash disbursement journal, with account distribution headings corresponding to the project components and activities, project disbursement categories, project funding source and project chart of accounts. The FSD will use the accounting system currently used by LORA. LORA uses an in-house designed financial management system, which is specifically designed for World Bank-financed projects and reporting under non - LACI requirements. This accounting software system, which is based on Visual Basic Database, appears to be well-developed by an external consultant a few years ago and subsequently enhanced by LORA ' s MIS staff. It consists of the following modules: financial, procurement and reporting. The financial modules include 4 sub - modules: Payments Ia, Reports Ia, Other Categories, and Reports by Other Categories.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1092, + 1113, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "LORA uses an in-house designed financial management system, which is specifically designed for World Bank-financed projects and reporting under non - LACI requirements. This accounting software system, which is based on Visual Basic Database, appears to be well-developed by an external consultant a few years ago and subsequently enhanced by LORA ' s MIS staff. It consists of the following modules: financial, procurement and reporting.", + "type": "software", + "explanation": "Visual Basic Database refers to an accounting software system, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as an accounting software system", + "mentioned as a financial management system", + "follows \u2018uses...\u2019 but describes a tool, not a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Visual Basic Database' is clearly described as part of an accounting software system specifically designed for financial management. Although it may contain data, the focus in the text is on its functionality as a system rather than presenting it as a dataset used for analysis. The text refers to it as a well-developed software system that records various aspects like financials, procurement, and reporting. Therefore, it works more as an infrastructure or tool, which could potentially store datasets instead of being the dataset itself. The mention also lacks any indication that it generates or provides structured records suitable for independent analysis. A model might have misidentified it as a dataset due to the phrasing of 'uses...,' but the context indicates it should be viewed as a component of a system instead.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Visual Basic Database' does not represent a dataset but rather refers to an accounting software system. It is designed for financial management and contains various modules; thus, it is better characterized as infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 6, + "text": "Improved capacity of General Administration of Social Services ( GASS ) staff, local governments, NGOs, community-based organizations ( CBOs ), and other organizations to deliver, monitor and manage services ( monitoring system, regular data reports, publications, standards and guidelines etc. ). 6. Increased public awareness of social inclusion issues of poor and vulnerable population groups, and increased numbers of people seeking referrals to social services. 7. Government analysis and development of social policy at all stages ( design, monitoring and evaluation ) is improved, measured through qualitative assessments of policy performance by key stakeholders ( e. g., Parliament, municipalities, NGO ' s, extemal development agencies ). 8. Introduction of a more reliable, timely and relevant household survey instrument for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation based on the 2001 population census and forthcoming LSMS and panel surveys. Concrete targets for each output to be achieved by Borrower will be agreed in detail at the beginning of each year through annual work prograrn. B. Strategic Context 1. Sector-related Country Assistance Strategy ( CAS ) goal supported by the project: ( see Annex 1 ) Document number: IDA / R2000-20 Date of latest CAS discussion: 03 / 21 / 00 Poverty alleviation and human development were identified as two strategic priorities of the 1998 CAS for Albania.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 891, + 913, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8. Introduction of a more reliable, timely and relevant household survey instrument for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation based on the 2001 population census and forthcoming LSMS and panel surveys. Concrete targets for each output to be achieved by Borrower will be agreed in detail at the beginning of each year through annual work prograrn.", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2001 population census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018based on\u2019", + "mentioned in context of reliable survey instrument", + "indicates a structured collection of demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase '2001 population census' appears after 'based on', which suggests that it is a primary source of data for the household survey instrument mentioned in the introduction. The term is clearly identified as a census, which is traditionally a well-established dataset producing demographic data on a population. Furthermore, it is mentioned alongside other data sources like \u2018forthcoming LSMS and panel surveys,\u2019 reinforcing its identity as a dataset. The reference to the census does not suggest it is merely a project or an information system; instead, it implies that the census contains and provides structured records necessary for analysis. However, some confusion could arise if models were to see 'census' in term instead of recognizing it as a foundational dataset, particularly if the focus were on the operational components of demographic studies instead of the data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The '2001 population census' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is explicitly referenced as a basis for deriving further analytical tools, confirming it holds structured demographic records essential for research." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 6, + "text": "Improved capacity of General Administration of Social Services ( GASS ) staff, local governments, NGOs, community-based organizations ( CBOs ), and other organizations to deliver, monitor and manage services ( monitoring system, regular data reports, publications, standards and guidelines etc. ). 6. Increased public awareness of social inclusion issues of poor and vulnerable population groups, and increased numbers of people seeking referrals to social services. 7. Government analysis and development of social policy at all stages ( design, monitoring and evaluation ) is improved, measured through qualitative assessments of policy performance by key stakeholders ( e. g., Parliament, municipalities, NGO ' s, extemal development agencies ). 8. Introduction of a more reliable, timely and relevant household survey instrument for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation based on the 2001 population census and forthcoming LSMS and panel surveys. Concrete targets for each output to be achieved by Borrower will be agreed in detail at the beginning of each year through annual work prograrn. B. Strategic Context 1. Sector-related Country Assistance Strategy ( CAS ) goal supported by the project: ( see Annex 1 ) Document number: IDA / R2000-20 Date of latest CAS discussion: 03 / 21 / 00 Poverty alleviation and human development were identified as two strategic priorities of the 1998 CAS for Albania.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 930, + 934, + "named" + ], + [ + 805, + 832, + "LSMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 891, + 913, + "LSMS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 939, + 952, + "LSMS <> data type" + ], + [ + 1403, + 1410, + "LSMS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "8. Introduction of a more reliable, timely and relevant household survey instrument for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation based on the 2001 population census and forthcoming LSMS and panel surveys. Concrete targets for each output to be achieved by Borrower will be agreed in detail at the beginning of each year through annual work prograrn.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LSMS refers to a household survey instrument designed for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation, making it a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a broader description for survey instruments", + "does not explicitly refer to LSMS as containing data, rather it suggests LSMS is an instrument for conducting surveys", + "mentioned alongside panel surveys without clear indication of being a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'LSMS' in the provided text does not appear to refer to a specific dataset but rather to a household survey instrument. The phrasing indicates it is being used as part of a set of tools for poverty monitoring and policy evaluation rather than presenting itself as a collection of data. It seems to serve more of a functional role in the context of surveys, rather than being a structured collection of records or statistics\u2014a critical distinction for deciding whether it is a dataset. The text does not indicate that LSMS is an organized repository of data but rather suggests it is part of the methodology for conducting surveys. Therefore, it should be considered more as a tool or project component rather than a concrete dataset, which is the reason for reevaluating the initial judgment.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LSMS' does not qualify as a dataset; it is referenced as a survey instrument for evaluating poverty rather than being a structured data source." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 8, + "text": "Poverty and Social Impact of Transition: The recent repeated shocks - - a consequence of political strife and social unrest - - have created major economic and social problems in the country. Because of these shocks, many Albanians have realized a loss of income and earning opportunities and have incurred risks to their personal well-being and safety. Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 947, + 971, + "named" + ], + [ + 222, + 231, + "Living Conditions Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 392, + 403, + "Living Conditions Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 685, + 689, + "Living Conditions Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1070, + 1078, + "Living Conditions Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Conditions Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze the living conditions and poverty levels in a population.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of analyzing living conditions and poverty levels", + "indicated to be updated through an analysis of the survey", + "followed by the mention of other surveys suggesting it is part of a suite of data sources" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Living Conditions Survey' is explicitly mentioned as a source for an upcoming analysis aimed at updating poverty profile data. The phrase 'an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey' implies that it is being treated as a distinct collection of data that will inform insights about living conditions. It is listed with other surveys which indicates that they are meant to serve a similar purpose in providing clear data for analysis. This suggests that it functions as an actual dataset despite the potential for it to be a project name or a system for collecting data. The confusion might arise from its phrasing which could imply a project or initiative; however, the context clearly leans toward its role as a data source in this specific case.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Living Conditions Survey' is being treated as a dataset here because it is clearly referenced in the context of gathering data for analysis on living conditions and poverty, and it is positioned alongside other known surveys, indicating its role as a data source." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 8, + "text": "Poverty and Social Impact of Transition: The recent repeated shocks - - a consequence of political strife and social unrest - - have created major economic and social problems in the country. Because of these shocks, many Albanians have realized a loss of income and earning opportunities and have incurred risks to their personal well-being and safety. Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 975, + 1009, + "named" + ], + [ + 222, + 231, + "Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 392, + 403, + "Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 685, + 689, + "Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1070, + 1078, + "Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis, specifically related to social and economic indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows \u2018an analysis of\u2019", + "part of a list of several surveys used for data collection", + "implies structured collection of social and economic indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey' is mentioned in conjunction with other surveys being used to update economic data. The phrase 'an analysis of' indicates that this survey serves as a basis for analysis, making it clear that it is a source of structured data in the sense of collecting indicators on various aspects of living conditions. While it might also suggest a classification or program, the combination of contextual phrases points to it acting distinctly as a dataset. Confusion for the model might stem from the fact that it sounds like it could also refer to a broader survey program or initiative, but the language used here positions it as a specific source of data for analysis, thus leaning towards being treated as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey is treated as a dataset here because it is explicitly referenced as a source for analysis concerning living conditions and poverty indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 8, + "text": "Poverty and Social Impact of Transition: The recent repeated shocks - - a consequence of political strife and social unrest - - have created major economic and social problems in the country. Because of these shocks, many Albanians have realized a loss of income and earning opportunities and have incurred risks to their personal well-being and safety. Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1027, + 1050, + "named" + ], + [ + 660, + 675, + "Household Budget Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 685, + 689, + "Household Budget Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 1070, + 1078, + "Household Budget Survey <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Household Budget Survey is a structured collection of data used to analyze household income and expenditure, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a survey used for analysis", + "enumerated alongside other specific data sources", + "implies structured data collection on household income and expenditure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Household Budget Survey' appears as a specific survey that collects structured data related to household income and expenditure. It is mentioned alongside other recognized data sources like the Living Conditions Survey and Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey, highlighting its role as a data collection effort rather than merely as a project or system. The term is linked with an analysis indicating that its results are used for poverty profiling, which further clarifies that it serves as a dataset in this context. There might be confusion due to the generic nature of 'Household Budget Survey', as it can evoke thoughts of surveys as broader systems or activities rather than just datasets. However, because it is clearly intended to provide data for analysis, it meets the criteria to be considered a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Household Budget Survey' is treated as a dataset in this context because it is described as a specific survey expected to yield structured data for analysis of household conditions." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 8, + "text": "Poverty and Social Impact of Transition: The recent repeated shocks - - a consequence of political strife and social unrest - - have created major economic and social problems in the country. Because of these shocks, many Albanians have realized a loss of income and earning opportunities and have incurred risks to their personal well-being and safety. Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1095, + 1106, + "named" + ], + [ + 222, + 231, + "FY2002 LSMS <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Poverty, which is concentrated in the rural areas and north of the country, is a result of the inability of individuals, households or communities to protect themselves, formally or informally, against the outcome of these shocks, or even against the more mundane income risks faced over their lifetime. A poverty profile based on 1996 data showed that some 30 percent of the rural and some 15 percent of the urban population are poor, with many others vulnerable to poverty due to their incomes being close to the poverty threshold ( this information will be updated through an analysis of a Living Conditions Survey, a Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey and ( likely ) a Household Budget Survey to be completed by May 2001, and through an FY2002 LSMS ). Young people, less educated people, and families with many children, are particularly at risk of poverty.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The FY2002 LSMS refers to a Living Standards Measurement Survey, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis of living conditions.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'through an analysis of' indicating a data source", + "described as part of Living Standards Measurement Survey", + "clear indication of a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'FY2002 LSMS' operates as a clear data source although it starts with the fiscal year reference indicating a specific survey conducted at that time. It is utilized in conjunction with other known data sources that are structured for analysis. The phrase 'through an analysis of' signals that this survey data is integral to understanding poverty profiles. The FY2002 LSMS is specifically identified as part of a series of surveys intended to produce statistical data, which confirms its role as a dataset rather than a mere project name or a broader system. However, the model could potentially confuse it with a project due to the way it is structured and presented in the text, particularly because 'LSMS' itself refers to a type of methodology that might be mistaken for an infrastructure without context, but here it is tied to specific data collection efforts.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The FY2002 LSMS is indeed a dataset in this context, as it refers to a structured survey directly mentioned as a key source of data for analysis, which supports understanding poverty in specified populations." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 10, + "text": "The Govermment faces real difficulties in responding to these challenges: ( i ) current household level survey data is not representative of the population, and other information on living standards is ad hoc, irregular and of varying quality; ( ii ) the capacity of the Government to evaluate policy-relevant information is limited by knowledge and resource constraints; ( iii ) the policy environment is extremely fluid, there is high government turnover of officials, and Government efforts tend to be focused on crisis management; and ( iv ) roles and responsibilities for policy development and evaluation remain unclear, both within and between agencies. The project will address these issues by ( i ) supporting the national statistical agency ( INSTAT ) to develop and implement a permanent household survey instrument that will collect data on a regular basis, utilizing a new sample frame derived from the 2001 Census as well as new questionnaires and data management procedures; ( ii ) developing and implementing a strategic plan for social policy monitoring and evaluation within and between agencies, covering both social insurance and social assistance; and ( iii ) developing and implementing an associated training plan. - 7 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 916, + 927, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Govermment faces real difficulties in responding to these challenges: ( i ) current household level survey data is not representative of the population, and other information on living standards is ad hoc, irregular and of varying quality; ( ii ) the capacity of the Government to evaluate policy-relevant information is limited by knowledge and resource constraints; ( iii ) the policy environment is extremely fluid, there is high government turnover of officials, and Government efforts tend to be focused on crisis management; and ( iv ) roles and responsibilities for policy development and evaluation remain unclear, both within and between agencies. The project will address these issues by ( i ) supporting the national statistical agency ( INSTAT ) to develop and implement a permanent household survey instrument that will collect data on a regular basis, utilizing a new sample frame derived from the 2001 Census as well as new questionnaires and data management procedures; ( ii ) developing and implementing a strategic plan for social policy monitoring and evaluation within and between agencies, covering both social insurance and social assistance; and ( iii ) developing and implementing an associated training plan. - 7 -", + "type": "census", + "explanation": "The 2001 Census is a structured collection of demographic data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a source for a sample frame", + "used in the context of developing a household survey instrument", + "mentions structured demographic data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term '2001 Census' clearly represents a structured collection of demographic data, specifically mentioned as a source for developing a new sample frame for a household survey instrument. This indicates its role in providing critical baseline data for subsequent analysis. The context does not imply that it is merely a management information system or a project in the sense of a data structure; instead, it reinforces that the census itself is significant for its demographic data. The initial confusion could arise due to its enumerated mention alongside project elements that imply development or utilization processes, but the clear indication of its use as data makes it find clarity in its identity as a dataset, rather than a mere tool or project.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the '2001 Census' is a valid dataset, as it is explicitly mentioned as a source of structured demographic data utilized for building a new household survey instrument." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 15, + "text": "Project Cost by Component Component 1: Policy Development Institutional 1. 60 10. 7 0. 70 7. 0 Development Component 2: Monitoring and Institutional 1. 30 8. 7 0. 40 4. 0 Administration of Social Services Development Component 3: Community-based Social Social Funds 10. 60 70. 7 7. 50 75. 0 Services Component 4: Project Management, Institutional 1. 50 10. 0 1. 40 14. 0 Information System and Monitoring Development 0. 0 0. 00 0. 0 0. 0 0. 00 0. 0 Total Project Costs 15. 00 100. 0 10. 00 100. 0 Front-end fee 0. 00 0. 0 0. 00 0. 0 Total Financing Required 15. 00 100. 0 10. 00 100. 0 2. Key policy and institutional reforms supported by the project: The project will address the following key policy issues: ( i ) Poverty monitoring and evaluation by supporting the development of a permanent data collection sys. tem at the household level based on periodic LSMS and panel surveys and by building Government capacity to analyze the data and monitor poverty trends. - 12 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 861, + 865, + "named" + ], + [ + 870, + 883, + "LSMS <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Key policy and institutional reforms supported by the project: The project will address the following key policy issues: ( i ) Poverty monitoring and evaluation by supporting the development of a permanent data collection sys. tem at the household level based on periodic LSMS and panel surveys and by building Government capacity to analyze the data and monitor poverty trends. - 12 -", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LSMS refers to the Living Standards Measurement Study, which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on living standards and poverty.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a part of a data collection system", + "described in the context of monitoring poverty", + "implies use of structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'LSMS' is explicitly linked to a data collection effort (the Living Standards Measurement Study) and is positioned within a larger framework for addressing poverty monitoring and policy evaluation. Although it could be interpreted as part of a system or project (as it is discussed with the phrase 'data collection system at the household level'), the reference is clear in its association with a structured dataset focused on living standards. The model may have confused it due to its mention alongside 'data collection system', which can imply a broader infrastructure rather than a dataset. However, since LSMS is well-known as a specific data collection study aimed at providing empirical data for analysis, it should be treated as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "LSMS is treated as a dataset here because it refers to a structured data collection aimed at research and analysis on poverty, despite its surrounding context that may suggest a broader system." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 20, + "text": "and technical review will be carried out prior to the project mid-term review and completion; ii ) independent financial audit will be undertaken annually; and iii ) World Bank and donor supervision and mid-term review missions. The following tools will be used for the performance monitoring: i ) Management Information System ( MIS ); ii ) semi-annual progress reports; iii ) special reports; and norms and standards. The coordinators of sub-components will submit semi-annual reports in a pre-agreed format to the PCU. The PCU will prepare summary report and will submit them to the GASS and MOLSA, World Bank and co-financiers. b ) Project Impact Monitoring will be carried out through qualitative and quantitative impact assessments studies to be carried out at the district and regional level and beneficiary impact assessments. In addition, the project will finance a regular living standards measurement survey ( LSMS ) which will monitor the broader impact of the Government reform program. c ) Monitoring of Community-based Services: each community-based sub-project will have a monitoring indicators and evaluation plan incorporated in project design. The monitoring will be carried out by the social services officers of GASS regional and central offices based on the norms and standards and in conformity with monitoring indicators outlined in individual contracts.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 298, + 327, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "and technical review will be carried out prior to the project mid-term review and completion; ii ) independent financial audit will be undertaken annually; and iii ) World Bank and donor supervision and mid-term review missions. The following tools will be used for the performance monitoring: i ) Management Information System ( MIS ); ii ) semi-annual progress reports; iii ) special reports; and norms and standards. The coordinators of sub-components will submit semi-annual reports in a pre-agreed format to the PCU.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Management Information System (MIS) is a tool used for performance monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a tool for performance monitoring", + "enumerated alongside other tools and reports, not datasets", + "described as a management information system that stores records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Management Information System' (MIS) is clearly positioned as a tool used for performance monitoring, rather than a dataset itself. The phrase 'the following tools will be used for the performance monitoring' sets a clear categorization where MIS is grouped with other resources such as reports rather than datasets. Furthermore, the capitalization of 'Management Information System' could play a role in leading models to classify it as a proper noun or dataset due to its formal name attachment. However, upon reading the surrounding context, it becomes clear that this reference is explicitly about the function of MIS as a tool, rather than an actual dataset that provides structured records or data for analysis. The prior judgment correctly identified that it serves as infrastructure rather than as a direct data source, illustrating the distinction between systems and datasets, based on their roles in the research or project documentation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Management Information System' is not considered a dataset as it refers to a tool used for performance monitoring rather than a structured collection of data. It's grouped with other monitoring tools and lacks a direct association with containing data records for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 20, + "text": "Sub-project level monitoring will be carried during the sub-project cycle and be more closely defined once the operations manual has been developed. To monitor the indicators that have been developed in the project LogFrame ( see Annex 1 ), each of the indicators will be associated with baseline and target values, frequency of collection, responsibility and methods of measurement. The indicators in the LogFrame will be further developed to include input, output, and outcome. In some cases those would be associated with relevant risk and sustainability indicators. The monitoring system through the use of pre-formatted reports will require the recipient of the report to provide comments and feedback on the information submitted. This will insure the presence of a feedback mechanism. In addition, the annual work plan will be required to have monitoring activities as part of component activities to insure that such activities are not set aside and that they become an integral part of project implementation. Using the established baselines from the VNICA study and other studies to be carried out during the project lifetime the monitoring will be carried out starting with project effectiveness. Monitoring reports will be required on a periodic basis in addition to various reports from special studies and research activities. As part of the Bank monitoring, semi-annual supervision missions and a mid-term review will be undertaken. D. Project Rationale 1. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: I. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: * The project initially considered up-front financing of a large package of community services. However, it was determined that systemic reform would best be accomplished through a two-stage process, with the first stage of the project supporting a smaller package of services and intensive policy and institutional strengthening, and the second stage financing a larger package of services once a set of policy triggers had been achieved. * The possibility of adding a component for social services delivery in the Albania Development Fund - 17 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 215, + 223, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Sub-project level monitoring will be carried during the sub-project cycle and be more closely defined once the operations manual has been developed. To monitor the indicators that have been developed in the project LogFrame ( see Annex 1 ), each of the indicators will be associated with baseline and target values, frequency of collection, responsibility and methods of measurement. The indicators in the LogFrame will be further developed to include input, output, and outcome.", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "LogFrame refers to a framework for project planning and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of project monitoring", + "described as a framework for indicators", + "discussed in terms of associating indicators with baseline values and targets" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'LogFrame' refers to a logical framework that is part of project management and monitoring rather than a traditional dataset that holds structured records or data points. Although it is associated with indicators and values, which may give an impression of it being data-related, it is presented as a tool or methodology used within the project rather than a concrete data source. The mention of 'indicators' in the LogFrame suggests metrics derived from other datasets, rather than a collection of primary data itself. The model might have been confused because 'LogFrame' is capitalized and appears in a sentence with phrases that imply structured data, such as 'associated with baseline and target values.' However, these indicators are more about the structure and expectations of monitoring rather than the data itself. Thus, while 'LogFrame' can be seen as part of the process for data management, it does not qualify as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LogFrame' is a framework for project monitoring and planning, not a concrete dataset that holds structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 20, + "text": "Sub-project level monitoring will be carried during the sub-project cycle and be more closely defined once the operations manual has been developed. To monitor the indicators that have been developed in the project LogFrame ( see Annex 1 ), each of the indicators will be associated with baseline and target values, frequency of collection, responsibility and methods of measurement. The indicators in the LogFrame will be further developed to include input, output, and outcome. In some cases those would be associated with relevant risk and sustainability indicators. The monitoring system through the use of pre-formatted reports will require the recipient of the report to provide comments and feedback on the information submitted. This will insure the presence of a feedback mechanism. In addition, the annual work plan will be required to have monitoring activities as part of component activities to insure that such activities are not set aside and that they become an integral part of project implementation. Using the established baselines from the VNICA study and other studies to be carried out during the project lifetime the monitoring will be carried out starting with project effectiveness. Monitoring reports will be required on a periodic basis in addition to various reports from special studies and research activities. As part of the Bank monitoring, semi-annual supervision missions and a mid-term review will be undertaken. D. Project Rationale 1. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: I. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: * The project initially considered up-front financing of a large package of community services. However, it was determined that systemic reform would best be accomplished through a two-stage process, with the first stage of the project supporting a smaller package of services and intensive policy and institutional strengthening, and the second stage financing a larger package of services once a set of policy triggers had been achieved. * The possibility of adding a component for social services delivery in the Albania Development Fund - 17 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 406, + 414, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "To monitor the indicators that have been developed in the project LogFrame ( see Annex 1 ), each of the indicators will be associated with baseline and target values, frequency of collection, responsibility and methods of measurement. The indicators in the LogFrame will be further developed to include input, output, and outcome. In some cases those would be associated with relevant risk and sustainability indicators.", + "type": "framework", + "explanation": "LogFrame refers to a framework for project planning and monitoring, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project framework", + "associated with indicators rather than data itself", + "not described as a source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this case, 'LogFrame' functions as a project management framework rather than a dataset. The text emphasizes its role in developing and monitoring indicators for project evaluation but doesn't indicate that 'LogFrame' represents a collection of data points or structured records. The description revolves around the indicators themselves and their management aspects, thus framing 'LogFrame' as a project planning tool rather than a concrete data source. The confusion might arise because the model recognizes 'LogFrame' as a capitalized term and linked to 'indicators', which might suggest a structured source of information. However, without explicit evidence that it serves as a dataset, I conclude that it is positioned more as a conceptual tool within project management.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'LogFrame' is part of a project framework rather than an actual dataset, focusing on project planning and monitoring indicators without serving as a concrete data source." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 20, + "text": "Sub-project level monitoring will be carried during the sub-project cycle and be more closely defined once the operations manual has been developed. To monitor the indicators that have been developed in the project LogFrame ( see Annex 1 ), each of the indicators will be associated with baseline and target values, frequency of collection, responsibility and methods of measurement. The indicators in the LogFrame will be further developed to include input, output, and outcome. In some cases those would be associated with relevant risk and sustainability indicators. The monitoring system through the use of pre-formatted reports will require the recipient of the report to provide comments and feedback on the information submitted. This will insure the presence of a feedback mechanism. In addition, the annual work plan will be required to have monitoring activities as part of component activities to insure that such activities are not set aside and that they become an integral part of project implementation. Using the established baselines from the VNICA study and other studies to be carried out during the project lifetime the monitoring will be carried out starting with project effectiveness. Monitoring reports will be required on a periodic basis in addition to various reports from special studies and research activities. As part of the Bank monitoring, semi-annual supervision missions and a mid-term review will be undertaken. D. Project Rationale 1. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: I. Project alternatives considered and reasons for rejection: * The project initially considered up-front financing of a large package of community services. However, it was determined that systemic reform would best be accomplished through a two-stage process, with the first stage of the project supporting a smaller package of services and intensive policy and institutional strengthening, and the second stage financing a larger package of services once a set of policy triggers had been achieved. * The possibility of adding a component for social services delivery in the Albania Development Fund - 17 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1060, + 1071, + "named" + ], + [ + 1185, + 1206, + "VNICA study <> data description" + ], + [ + 2109, + 2116, + "VNICA study <> data geography" + ], + [ + 2156, + 2174, + "VNICA study <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In addition, the annual work plan will be required to have monitoring activities as part of component activities to insure that such activities are not set aside and that they become an integral part of project implementation. Using the established baselines from the VNICA study and other studies to be carried out during the project lifetime the monitoring will be carried out starting with project effectiveness. Monitoring reports will be required on a periodic basis in addition to various reports from special studies and research activities.", + "type": "study", + "explanation": "The VNICA study is referenced as a source of established baselines for monitoring, indicating it is a structured collection of data used for analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'using established baselines from'", + "serves as a source for monitoring activities", + "described in a way that indicates it contains structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the phrase 'using the established baselines from the VNICA study' clearly indicates that the VNICA study is being utilized for structured, baseline data relevant to monitoring activities in the project. The contextual clues suggest that it functions as an integral source of information utilized for analysis. While 'study' could imply it is simply a project or broader initiative, given that it explicitly provides baselines for monitoring shows it holds specific data used in decision-making processes. The word 'study' here appears to suggest a systematic investigation whose outputs are being directly applied as data, rather than being purely conceptual or infrastructural. The model could have initially confused this as just a project or an informational tool, but the explicit mention of 'established baselines' clarifies its role as a proper dataset in this setting.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The VNICA study, referenced for its established baselines for monitoring activities, functions as a specific source of structured data, qualifying it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 31, + "text": "It also calls for increased public awareness about social problems, and suggests that the SSDP focus on certain key g 7oups of vulnerable people, including women at risk of violence, youths at risk, street children, and the abandloned elderly. For the project preparation stage, the VNICA has set up baseline data on the number of people in vulnerable situations and the type and number of supplied services in four Albanian districts ( Tirana, Durres, Skodra and Vlora ). In order to monitor and evaluate progress of projects in the four districts; list of indicators has been selected for periodic follow-up. Monitoring and evaluation will be done at the district level and carried out once a year. In one year, the SSDP project will develop a national monitoring strategy. Preliminary suggestions for the preparation of a national strategy include conducting research throughout Albania using the research instruments used in the VNICA. These include a rapid quantitative assessment of vulnerable groups in the districts, a \" vulnerability census \" ( data collection and survey ), and relative ranking of vulnerability. In addition, the project will support a permnanent household survey that will assist the Government in monitoring trends in living standards and poverty correlates over time.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 283, + 288, + "named" + ], + [ + 183, + 197, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 224, + 242, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 300, + 313, + "VNICA <> data description" + ], + [ + 437, + 443, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 445, + 451, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 453, + 459, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 464, + 469, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 882, + 889, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 956, + 1023, + "VNICA <> data description" + ], + [ + 1029, + 1049, + "VNICA <> data type" + ], + [ + 1163, + 1190, + "VNICA <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "It also calls for increased public awareness about social problems, and suggests that the SSDP focus on certain key g 7oups of vulnerable people, including women at risk of violence, youths at risk, street children, and the abandloned elderly. For the project preparation stage, the VNICA has set up baseline data on the number of people in vulnerable situations and the type and number of supplied services in four Albanian districts ( Tirana, Durres, Skodra and Vlora ). In order to monitor and evaluate progress of projects in the four districts; list of indicators has been selected for periodic follow-up.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "VNICA refers to a structured collection of baseline data on vulnerable populations and services in specific districts, which is used for monitoring and evaluation.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as baseline data", + "used for monitoring and evaluation", + "indicates data on vulnerable populations and services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, VNICA appears to be an established source of baseline data concerning vulnerable populations in specific districts. It is explicitly mentioned that VNICA has set up baseline data, which suggests that it serves as a structured collection of data points, thus behaving like a dataset. The text also highlights that this data is used for monitoring and evaluation, indicating that it is applied analytically rather than existing merely as a project or system. However, confusion could arise from the fact that VNICA is not explicitly labeled as a dataset in a traditional sense; rather, it is used in a context that implies it has a data-gathering function. Therefore, while VNICA may have some attributes of a project or system, the specific wording and its role in providing baseline data clarify that it functions as a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "VNICA is considered a dataset in this context because it is described as having set up baseline data about vulnerable populations and services, which is directly utilized for monitoring and evaluation purposes." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 31, + "text": "It also calls for increased public awareness about social problems, and suggests that the SSDP focus on certain key g 7oups of vulnerable people, including women at risk of violence, youths at risk, street children, and the abandloned elderly. For the project preparation stage, the VNICA has set up baseline data on the number of people in vulnerable situations and the type and number of supplied services in four Albanian districts ( Tirana, Durres, Skodra and Vlora ). In order to monitor and evaluate progress of projects in the four districts; list of indicators has been selected for periodic follow-up. Monitoring and evaluation will be done at the district level and carried out once a year. In one year, the SSDP project will develop a national monitoring strategy. Preliminary suggestions for the preparation of a national strategy include conducting research throughout Albania using the research instruments used in the VNICA. These include a rapid quantitative assessment of vulnerable groups in the districts, a \" vulnerability census \" ( data collection and survey ), and relative ranking of vulnerability. In addition, the project will support a permnanent household survey that will assist the Government in monitoring trends in living standards and poverty correlates over time.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 933, + 938, + "named" + ], + [ + 156, + 181, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 183, + 197, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 199, + 214, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 224, + 242, + "VNICA <> reference population" + ], + [ + 300, + 313, + "VNICA <> data description" + ], + [ + 437, + 443, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 445, + 451, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 453, + 459, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 464, + 469, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 882, + 889, + "VNICA <> data geography" + ], + [ + 956, + 1023, + "VNICA <> data description" + ], + [ + 1029, + 1049, + "VNICA <> data type" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "In one year, the SSDP project will develop a national monitoring strategy. Preliminary suggestions for the preparation of a national strategy include conducting research throughout Albania using the research instruments used in the VNICA. These include a rapid quantitative assessment of vulnerable groups in the districts, a \" vulnerability census \" ( data collection and survey ), and relative ranking of vulnerability.", + "type": "baseline data", + "explanation": "VNICA refers to baseline data collected on vulnerable populations and services in specific districts, which is structured for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of research instruments", + "described in relation to a national monitoring strategy", + "not explicitly referred to as containing structured records or data for analysis" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'VNICA' appears to be presented as part of a broader framework for conducting research within the SSDP project rather than being explicitly framed as a standalone dataset. While the context mentions data collection and research instruments, VNICA is described in a way that suggests it could be a project or a system used to conduct assessments rather than a direct dataset of records. The absence of direct references to VNICA providing structured datasets or records for analysis leads me to view it more as a methodological tool or project than an actual dataset. This could be a point of confusion for a model trained to extract datasets, primarily due to the way VNICA is mentioned in conjunction with data collection activities, making it look like a data source, even if it's not.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, VNICA is not treated as a dataset but rather as a part of the research methodology for the SSDP project." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 41, + "text": "Annex 1: Project Design Summary ALBANIA: Social Services Delivery 141 of s MQniorl & 4hiIe 3, m_ & Sector-related CAS Goal: Sector Indicators: Sector / country reports: ( from Goal to Bank Mission ) Improve standards of living I. Increased # of beneficiaries 1. Vulnerability Needs and I. Government su Yports and promote social cohesion gained access to the social Institutional Capabilities multiple sector reforms through community-based services baseline study 2. Political stabili! y is social services targeted to 2. Raised awareness of social 2. Regional needs assessment maintained poor and vulnerable inclusion issues of reports 3. Government mntintains its population groups vulnerable population 3. Periodic beneficiary impact commitment to operate the groups assessment community-bast: d services on 3. Increased community 4. MOLSA / GASS records, participatory w.. y participation in decision other participants making information and databases. 5. Public opinion surveys 6. Household budget survey Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: The project development 1. Increased efficiency and 1. MOLSAIGASS reports 1. Governments and social objectives are to assist the reduced cost per 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 838, + 843, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Increased community 4. MOLSA / GASS records, participatory w. .", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MOLSA refers to an organization (Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs) and not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as an organization", + "not described as a data source", + "follows 'GASS records' which indicates actual data records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'MOLSA' refers to the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, which does not represent a structured collection of data but rather an organization. The mention follows 'GASS records', which indicates that 'GASS' is likely an entity that contains data records or actual datasets relevant to the analysis. However, 'MOLSA' itself is not stated to hold or provide data but is instead positioned alongside 'GASS', creating a potential point of confusion for extraction models. A model might mistakenly interpret 'MOLSA' as a dataset due to its capitalization and position in the text, especially if it relies on pattern recognition without sufficient context. It is essential here to distinguish between an organization that may oversee or facilitate data collection versus a specific dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MOLSA' is identified as an organization rather than a dataset, as it is not indicated to be a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 41, + "text": "Annex 1: Project Design Summary ALBANIA: Social Services Delivery 141 of s MQniorl & 4hiIe 3, m_ & Sector-related CAS Goal: Sector Indicators: Sector / country reports: ( from Goal to Bank Mission ) Improve standards of living I. Increased # of beneficiaries 1. Vulnerability Needs and I. Government su Yports and promote social cohesion gained access to the social Institutional Capabilities multiple sector reforms through community-based services baseline study 2. Political stabili! y is social services targeted to 2. Raised awareness of social 2. Regional needs assessment maintained poor and vulnerable inclusion issues of reports 3. Government mntintains its population groups vulnerable population 3. Periodic beneficiary impact commitment to operate the groups assessment community-bast: d services on 3. Increased community 4. MOLSA / GASS records, participatory w.. y participation in decision other participants making information and databases. 5. Public opinion surveys 6. Household budget survey Project Development Outcome / Impact Project reports: ( from Objective to Goal ) Objective: Indicators: The project development 1. Increased efficiency and 1. MOLSAIGASS reports 1. Governments and social objectives are to assist the reduced cost per 2.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1171, + 1181, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Increased efficiency and 1. MOLSAIGASS reports 1. Governments and social objectives are to assist the reduced cost per 2.", + "type": "organization", + "explanation": "MOLSAIGASS refers to an organization or governmental body, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of reports", + "not described as a data source", + "likely refers to an organization or initiative" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'MOLSAIGASS' appears to refer to an organization, potentially involved in governance or social objectives, rather than a concrete dataset. The contextual clues suggest that it is mentioned in terms of reporting and objectives but lacks any reference to being a source of structured data. The model might have been confused due to the capitalization of 'MOLSAIGASS,' which often signals a proper noun, making it appear like a dataset. Additionally, phrases like 'reports' might imply data, but they do not equate to being a dataset in this instance. There's no indication that it functions as an actual collection of records or statistics, which typically would define a dataset. The confusion likely arose from the names and formats that often accompany datasets, such as being presented alongside reporting metrics without clarifying its role as a data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'MOLSAIGASS' does not represent a dataset; it seems to refer to a governmental organization or initiative, with no evidence suggesting it serves as a direct source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 41, + "text": "GASS periodic service provid - rs willing to Govemment of Albania to: beneficiary of social performance assessment in work on increasing ( i ) increasing their access services managed by the the districts number and qaality of to well targeted and GASS and other 3. Project reports and MIS social services effective social care institutions 2. Training programs services; and ( ii ) assisting 2. # of beneficiaries effective in training the Government to expressed satisfaction with government ar d social develop, monitor and provided services service worker s to evaluate more effective 3. # of new community-based administer and delivery social policy; and ( iii ) social services created social services more improving capacity for 4. % of population with effectively planning, managing and improved services, total 3. Funding of rec urrent costs delivering social care and by sub-project type for services optTation and services with increased 5. # of sub-projects completed maintenance are provided involvement of local by the SSDP, total and by 4. SSDP partners collecting governments, communities type of sub-project information and civil society. 6. # of social workers and other associates trained by the SSDP 7. Proportion of trained local governments to total participated 8. Proportion of trained NGOs to total participated 9. Proportion of the SSDP communities that initiated activities after completion of the sub-project 10. % of completed services that were maintained - 38 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 0, + 4, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "GASS periodic service provid - rs willing to Govemment of Albania to: beneficiary of social performance assessment in work on increasing ( i ) increasing their access services managed by the the districts number and qaality of to well targeted and GASS and other 3. Project reports and MIS social services effective social care institutions 2.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "GASS refers to a program or initiative related to social services and performance assessment, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as part of a project", + "discussed alongside services and assessments", + "not described as a structured collection of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'GASS', it is evident that this is not a dataset but rather a project or initiative aimed at improving social service performance assessments in Albania. The surrounding context mentions beneficiaries, performance assessments, and effective service delivery, all of which align with project activities rather than the organization of data. While 'GASS' might include data or manage some data monitoring within its framework, it is primarily described as an agent of social performance improvement rather than a structured data set. It is crucial to differentiate between a program that potentially uses and generates data versus the actual datasets utilized in analyses. A model may have confused 'GASS' with a dataset due to its capitalized form and its presentation alongside activities that sound data-oriented, mistaking its project-based context for a structured data source. However, since it is not characterized as a concrete collection of records or data statistics, it should not be classified as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'GASS' is not a dataset; it is better classified as a project or initiative related to social service performance. It is discussed in terms of its role and impact rather than as a source of structured data." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 48, + "text": "On the data production side, the plan calls for institutionalizing the regular collection of household-level information by introducing a multi-topic panel household survey in the Strategic Plan of Statistics of INSTAT. As a result of the Project ' s support and the consensus reached among stakeholders, the next 5-year plan calls for the implementation of a Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) in 2002, to be repeated after 3 years. The system also includes annual panel surveys on a sub-sample of LSMS households to monitor trends in areas like poverty, unemployment, migration and social services on a more frequent basis than the LSMS allows for. An important component of the assistance will be to promote activities to foster a closer dialogue between data producers and the various data users from governmental and non-governmental institutions, the donor community, and the civil society at large. This consultation process will be encouraged since the early stages of the Project ' s cycle and is expected to increase the relevance of the information produced, and so augment its role for policy-making purposes. On the data use side, the strategy calls for building analytical capacity within the Government to take full advantage of the statistical information being generated by INSTAT. Towards this end, the Project will provide continuous support both in the analysis and dissemination of policy-relevant information primarily through technical assistance, training and the provision of the necessary equipment and software for the Poverty Unit to be established in MOLSA. Sub-Component 2: Social Services Policy Development: The objectives of the sub-component are to assist the MOLSA to: a ) strengthen its policy formulation capacity, b ) further develop legislative and institutional framework for social services, c ) develop capacity for policy monitoring, evaluation and program improvement, d ) design and implement a national public awareness campaign on social exclusion, including - 45 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 360, + 394, + "named" + ], + [ + 212, + 218, + "Living Standard Measurement Survey <> publisher" + ], + [ + 397, + 401, + "Living Standard Measurement Survey <> acronym" + ], + [ + 407, + 411, + "Living Standard Measurement Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1300, + 1306, + "Living Standard Measurement Survey <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "On the data production side, the plan calls for institutionalizing the regular collection of household-level information by introducing a multi-topic panel household survey in the Strategic Plan of Statistics of INSTAT. As a result of the Project ' s support and the consensus reached among stakeholders, the next 5-year plan calls for the implementation of a Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) in 2002, to be repeated after 3 years. The system also includes annual panel surveys on a sub-sample of LSMS households to monitor trends in areas like poverty, unemployment, migration and social services on a more frequent basis than the LSMS allows for.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Living Standard Measurement Survey is a structured collection of data aimed at assessing living standards, making it a dataset used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known data collection methods", + "described as a structured collection for living standards", + "mentioned as the implementation plan for data collection" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the Living Standard Measurement Survey (LSMS) is clearly associated with structured data collection aimed at assessing living standards across households. The phrase 'implementation of a Living Standard Measurement Survey' indicates that this survey is intended to gather specific data, aligning it with the concept of a dataset. While one could argue that it also functions as a project or system for data generation, the text emphasizes its role as a data source for analysis, making it distinctly a dataset here. There could be confusion due to its nomenclature, which may resemble project terminology, yet the focus on data collection underscores its nature as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Living Standard Measurement Survey refers to a structured data collection initiative aimed at assessing living standards, thus qualifying it as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 48, + "text": "On the data production side, the plan calls for institutionalizing the regular collection of household-level information by introducing a multi-topic panel household survey in the Strategic Plan of Statistics of INSTAT. As a result of the Project ' s support and the consensus reached among stakeholders, the next 5-year plan calls for the implementation of a Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) in 2002, to be repeated after 3 years. The system also includes annual panel surveys on a sub-sample of LSMS households to monitor trends in areas like poverty, unemployment, migration and social services on a more frequent basis than the LSMS allows for. An important component of the assistance will be to promote activities to foster a closer dialogue between data producers and the various data users from governmental and non-governmental institutions, the donor community, and the civil society at large. This consultation process will be encouraged since the early stages of the Project ' s cycle and is expected to increase the relevance of the information produced, and so augment its role for policy-making purposes. On the data use side, the strategy calls for building analytical capacity within the Government to take full advantage of the statistical information being generated by INSTAT. Towards this end, the Project will provide continuous support both in the analysis and dissemination of policy-relevant information primarily through technical assistance, training and the provision of the necessary equipment and software for the Poverty Unit to be established in MOLSA. Sub-Component 2: Social Services Policy Development: The objectives of the sub-component are to assist the MOLSA to: a ) strengthen its policy formulation capacity, b ) further develop legislative and institutional framework for social services, c ) develop capacity for policy monitoring, evaluation and program improvement, d ) design and implement a national public awareness campaign on social exclusion, including - 45 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 643, + 647, + "named" + ], + [ + 407, + 411, + "LSMS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 468, + 488, + "LSMS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "As a result of the Project ' s support and the consensus reached among stakeholders, the next 5-year plan calls for the implementation of a Living Standard Measurement Survey ( LSMS ) in 2002, to be repeated after 3 years. The system also includes annual panel surveys on a sub-sample of LSMS households to monitor trends in areas like poverty, unemployment, migration and social services on a more frequent basis than the LSMS allows for. An important component of the assistance will be to promote activities to foster a closer dialogue between data producers and the various data users from governmental and non-governmental institutions, the donor community, and the civil society at large.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "LSMS refers to a structured survey designed to collect household-level information for research and analysis, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a Living Standard Measurement Survey", + "intended to collect household-level information", + "mentioned in the context of monitoring trends in poverty and social services" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'LSMS' is used in this context specifically as a structured survey intended for data collection at the household level. Although the term is described in relation to a project, the text makes it clear that LSMS functions as the mechanism through which data is obtained. It highlights how the LSMS will gather important data before subsequent panels and surveys are conducted. This helps confirm that LSMS refers to a dataset rather than just a project name or a system. A potential point of confusion could arise because it mentions both a project and elements of an information system, but the emphasis on the survey's role in collecting data suggests that it is a concrete dataset. Thus, it makes sense to classify it as a dataset in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'LSMS' is appropriately treated as a dataset because it specifically refers to a survey designed for data collection, and its role in gathering household-level information supports this classification." + }, + { + "filename": "182_multi0page", + "page": 66, + "text": "Procurement information will be recorded by the PCU and submitted to the Bank as part of the quarterly and annual progress reports. This information will include: revised cost estimates for the different contracts; revised timing of procurement actions, including advertising, bidding, contract award, and completion time for individual contracts; as well as compliance with aggregate limits ( within 15 % ) on specific methods of procurement. A Management Information System ( MIS ), with a procurement module will help the PCU monitor all procurement information. Co-financing: Yes - - Department for International Development, the Government of UK. Indicate the name of Procurement staff or Bank ' s part of the Task Team responsible for the procurement in the Project: Albania: Social Services Delivery Project Name: Seyoum Solomon ( ECSHD ) Ext: 32393 - 63 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 446, + 475, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "This information will include: revised cost estimates for the different contracts; revised timing of procurement actions, including advertising, bidding, contract award, and completion time for individual contracts; as well as compliance with aggregate limits ( within 15 % ) on specific methods of procurement. A Management Information System ( MIS ), with a procurement module will help the PCU monitor all procurement information. Co-financing: Yes - - Department for International Development, the Government of UK.", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "A Management Information System (MIS) is a tool or system for managing information, not a structured collection of data used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "mentioned as a tool for monitoring procurement information", + "not presented as a source of structured records" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Management Information System' is used to describe an infrastructure that facilitates the management and monitoring of procurement information rather than a standalone dataset. The use of the term 'system' and the context surrounding it suggest that it serves as a tool or framework to organize and manage data rather than a specific collection of data points suited for analysis. The phrase 'will help the PCU monitor all procurement information' emphasizes its role in data management rather than the existence of a dataset that can be independently queried or analyzed. This distinction is critical as it signals that while the MIS might store data, it does not qualify as a dataset in the analytical sense. Models might confuse systems with datasets because of the phrasing like 'help monitor procurement information', which implies data handling; however, it's essential to recognize the difference between active management tools and static datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Management Information System' is not considered a dataset because it refers to a system for managing and monitoring data, rather than being a structured collection of data itself." + }, + { + "filename": "183_multi0page", + "page": 26, + "text": "Key Perfonnance Hierarchy of Objectives Indicators Monitoring & Evaluation Critical Assumptions Output from each Output Indicators: Project reports: ( from Outputs to Objective ) Component: 1. 1 Improved policy making, * Annual workplans that are * Supervision reports * Incentives for behavioral planning, and financing increasingly based on agreed changes take place among MOE criteria are used to prioritize * Annual work plan and District staff enabling them donor funded activities and PA to use data appropriately. education program. * Workshop evaluations from * Difference between budgeted local and national level, s Trained staff stay in MOE amounts and actual donorlNGO committee meeting service in light of low salaries expenditures is within 1O % minutes range * EMIS updated and utilized at central and district offices in annual and multi-year planning and monitoring plan implementation * Financial management system computerized and operational by January 2002 * Lessons leamed from planning process are assessed, disseminated, and discussed at workshops and regularly held planning commnittee meetings and sector working group ( Donor / NGO ) meetings 1. 2 PST established and oTimeliness of Project * Supervision reports * PST adequately staffed operational procurement; * Timeliness of Project implementation reports; oTimeliness of preparation of necessary Project documentation. 2 Targeted activities * Detailed planning for selected * Annual work plans * Coordination between implemented according to annual pilot activities is based on * Supervision reports departments at the MOE", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 776, + 780, + "named" + ], + [ + 805, + 833, + "EMIS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 837, + 902, + "EMIS <> data description" + ], + [ + 965, + 977, + "EMIS <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "education program. * Workshop evaluations from * Difference between budgeted local and national level, s Trained staff stay in MOE amounts and actual donorlNGO committee meeting service in light of low salaries expenditures is within 1O % minutes range * EMIS updated and utilized at central and district offices in annual and multi-year planning and monitoring plan implementation * Financial management system computerized and operational by January 2002 * Lessons leamed from planning process are assessed, disseminated, and discussed at workshops and regularly held planning commnittee meetings and sector working group ( Donor / NGO ) meetings 1. 2 PST established and oTimeliness of Project * Supervision reports * PST adequately staffed operational procurement; * Timeliness of Project implementation reports; oTimeliness of preparation of necessary Project documentation.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing educational information.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a system used for planning and monitoring", + "mentioned in the context of utilization rather than as a direct data source", + "not explicitly stated to contain records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the provided context, 'EMIS' is referred to as a system that is updated and utilized within the Ministry of Education (MOE) for planning and monitoring purposes. The phrase indicates that it serves a functional role within the educational management structure rather than being explicitly characterized as a data source from which data is drawn for analysis. While 'EMIS' could technically refer to a dataset that contains educational information, the description here emphasizes its role as a management information system rather than as a dataset per se. This distinction is crucial. A model might have been confused by its capitalization and mention alongside other operational elements (like financial management systems), which often resemble dataset-related language. However, it fails to fulfill the criteria of being a distinct dataset as it is not framed as a source of data used in analysis but rather as a tool for managing processes.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "'EMIS' is treated as a management information system that aids in educational planning rather than a standalone dataset. The context indicates its operational use rather than emphasizing it as a data source, thus it is classified as not a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "183_multi0page", + "page": 26, + "text": "and workplans adequate financial and oEducational data system, the Districts is improved in educational data. ( e. g., financial reporting system. planning process. proposals for new school * Monitoring reports, project construction, using data from management information EMIS ) system. - 23 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 273, + 277, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "planning process. proposals for new school * Monitoring reports, project construction, using data from management information EMIS ) system. - 23 -", + "type": "system", + "explanation": "EMIS refers to an Educational Management Information System, which is a system for managing educational data rather than a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a management information system", + "follows \u2018uses data from\u2019", + "not presented as a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this particular context, 'EMIS' refers explicitly to an Educational Management Information System, indicated by the phrase 'management information EMIS system'. The signal here is clear: it's identified as a system used for managing educational data. While the phrase 'using data from' may typically indicate that it is sourcing data, here it merely indicates that data relevant to the process is extracted from this management system rather than the system itself being treated as a dataset. The confusion for models might arise from the structured nature of EMIS, which might suggest it holds meaningful datasets, and its capitalized format might further imply it's a dataset or formal entity. However, system names often don't denote a dataset directly but rather the infrastructure for data management, and this context supports that distinction firmly.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'EMIS' is not treated as a dataset but rather as a management information system that supports data handling, clarifying that it serves a functional role rather than being a concrete collection of datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "184_multi-page", + "page": 16, + "text": "13 Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring will be done according to the development indicators given in the attachment to Annex 1. The project will strengthen the capacity of CNOSEGE, and the Planning Unit of the Ministry so that monitoring reports on the implementation of the reform can include key progress and impact indicators. Currently the Planning unit generates statistical data on all aspects of the education sector, however this can be further strengthened to monitor progress on key reform objectives such as access, equity and quality. In addition, during the donors round-table UNESCO offered support to develop an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ). If this is not in place by the end of Phase I of the APL, this would be a priority item for Phase II. Evaluation of the impact of the reforms will be done by CNOSEGE by recruiting experts in this field and an initial evaluation will be done at the end of Phase I. Particular areas of impact assessment will be student performance and success in reaching out to disadvantaged groups. Normally, student performance would be measured by overall test results but as the pool of students widens to include students from less advantaged socioeconomic groups, there will be a downward pressure on test scores.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 628, + 667, + "named" + ], + [ + 591, + 597, + "Education Management Information System <> publisher" + ], + [ + 670, + 674, + "Education Management Information System <> acronym" + ], + [ + 988, + 1007, + "Education Management Information System <> data description" + ], + [ + 1179, + 1229, + "Education Management Information System <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Currently the Planning unit generates statistical data on all aspects of the education sector, however this can be further strengthened to monitor progress on key reform objectives such as access, equity and quality. In addition, during the donors round-table UNESCO offered support to develop an Education Management Information System ( EMIS ). If this is not in place by the end of Phase I of the APL, this would be a priority item for Phase II.", + "type": "information system", + "explanation": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is a structured collection of data used for monitoring and evaluating the education sector, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a project for development", + "described as an information system", + "does not explicitly mention 'uses data from' or similar phrases" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, 'Education Management Information System' (EMIS) is referenced as a project to be developed with the support of UNESCO. It does not appear to be presented in the context of existing data or as a structured dataset currently being utilized for analysis. The language indicates that it is a proposed initiative to improve data collection and monitoring in the education sector, rather than a dataset that has already been implemented and is in use. The term is capitalized, which may lead to confusion, suggesting it is a proper noun or a formal name of a database or system; however, without explicit reference to it as a data source being currently used in the analysis, it should not be categorized as a dataset. The model may have mistakenly extracted it as a dataset due to its structured nature as an 'information system' and its project-like implications, but in this context, it clearly functions more as an upcoming tool or platform rather than an active data source.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The Education Management Information System (EMIS) is mentioned as a project to be developed, not as an existing dataset; therefore, it should not be categorized as a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "184_multi-page", + "page": 39, + "text": "The problem in urban areas is access - demand exists among all groups but the rationing of sets ends up benefiting the better off who live in areas where schools have historically been located. Any further expansion of places will help the poorer segments of the population more particularly if care is taken to site the schools in areas where the poor live. There are also significant gender gaps and research indicates that educated mothers play a key role in the country ' s overall development. There is a shortage of school places and any rationing works to the detriment of girls enrollment. Parents are less willing for their girls to attend school because in par., they may view the curriculum as foreign. In addition, despite the fact the education is officially free, poor families still have difficulty paying the cost of books and materials. They prefer to use their constrained resources for their boys who they feel have a better labor market potential. Finally, the data from the Household Survey, showed that even if girls go to school, their parents pull them out at an age when they think they can help around the household.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 995, + 1011, + "named" + ], + [ + 15, + 26, + "Household Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 426, + 442, + "Household Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 510, + 535, + "Household Survey <> data description" + ], + [ + 1158, + 1176, + "Household Survey <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "They prefer to use their constrained resources for their boys who they feel have a better labor market potential. Finally, the data from the Household Survey, showed that even if girls go to school, their parents pull them out at an age when they think they can help around the household.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Household Survey' refers to a structured collection of data gathered from households, making it a dataset used for research or analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "follows 'data from'", + "described as a survey gathering data from households" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Household Survey' follows the phrase 'the data from', which strongly indicates that it is being referenced as a source of data for the analysis. Moreover, the phrase 'showed that even if girls go to school' implies that the survey provides quantitative data relevant to the discussion. The term does not suggest that it is merely a project name or an infrastructure system; instead, it is portrayed as a concrete source of gathered data from households. There could be confusion if there were another context where 'Household Survey' referred to a platform or system rather than the data it encompasses, but here it is clearly a typification of the dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Household Survey' is considered a dataset as it is directly described as a source of data specifically related to households and is mentioned in the context of analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "180 Attachment 1. Project Design Summary Sector-related Country Assistance Strategy Long-Term Program Indicators: Program Reports: ( From Goal to Mission ) ( CAS ) Goal: * By 2003, HIV prevalence will be reduced * National HIV / AIDS surveillance * Social and cultural behavior chag from 14 percent to 13 percent asnong reports, mnidterm review, and end improves throughout the life of the young people ( I15-24 years ). of project evaluation. project To mitigate the social and economic impact of the HIV / AIDS epidemic in Kenya. By 2004, HIV / AIDS prevalence among * National HIV / AIDS surveillance adults ( 1549 years ) will remain below 14 reports, mnidterm review, and end percent. of project evaluation. Project Development Objective: Outcome / Impact Indicators: Project Reports: ( From Purpose to Goal ) * By 2003, the proportion of adults ( 15-49 * Poverty reduction efforts continue To intensify the achievement of the multi-sectoral years ) possessing accurate knowledge of * Kenya Demographic and Health throughout the life of the project. HIV / AIDS primary targets in the National HIV / AIDS means of preventing HIV infection will Survey ( KDHS ) data Strategic Plan with the full participation of communities. increase.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1148, + 1154, + "named" + ], + [ + 175, + 179, + "Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 390, + 402, + "Survey <> reference population" + ], + [ + 525, + 530, + "Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 990, + 995, + "Survey <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project Development Objective: Outcome / Impact Indicators: Project Reports: ( From Purpose to Goal ) * By 2003, the proportion of adults ( 15-49 * Poverty reduction efforts continue To intensify the achievement of the multi-sectoral years ) possessing accurate knowledge of * Kenya Demographic and Health throughout the life of the project. HIV / AIDS primary targets in the National HIV / AIDS means of preventing HIV infection will Survey ( KDHS ) data Strategic Plan with the full participation of communities. increase.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Survey' refers to a structured collection of data used for research or analysis, specifically the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey which collects data on health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey", + "enumerated with project reports indicating data collection", + "mentioned as a source of information for health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Survey' refers explicitly to the 'Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS)', which is a well-known structured collection of data that is utilized for analysis and reporting on health indicators in Kenya. The term follows a discussion about project reports and indicators, which implies that it is being referenced as a source of data for assessing outcomes aligned with the project\u2019s objectives. This sets it apart from being just a system or a project; it is recognized as a specific dataset meant for analysis. A model may have initially thought it was a project or system due to its abstract label 'Survey', but the additional context clarifies its role as a data source for specific health metrics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Survey' is treated as a dataset because it specifically denotes the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which provides structured health data necessary for the analysis mentioned." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "180 Attachment 1. Project Design Summary Sector-related Country Assistance Strategy Long-Term Program Indicators: Program Reports: ( From Goal to Mission ) ( CAS ) Goal: * By 2003, HIV prevalence will be reduced * National HIV / AIDS surveillance * Social and cultural behavior chag from 14 percent to 13 percent asnong reports, mnidterm review, and end improves throughout the life of the young people ( I15-24 years ). of project evaluation. project To mitigate the social and economic impact of the HIV / AIDS epidemic in Kenya. By 2004, HIV / AIDS prevalence among * National HIV / AIDS surveillance adults ( 1549 years ) will remain below 14 reports, mnidterm review, and end percent. of project evaluation. Project Development Objective: Outcome / Impact Indicators: Project Reports: ( From Purpose to Goal ) * By 2003, the proportion of adults ( 15-49 * Poverty reduction efforts continue To intensify the achievement of the multi-sectoral years ) possessing accurate knowledge of * Kenya Demographic and Health throughout the life of the project. HIV / AIDS primary targets in the National HIV / AIDS means of preventing HIV infection will Survey ( KDHS ) data Strategic Plan with the full participation of communities. increase.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1157, + 1161, + "named" + ], + [ + 175, + 179, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 525, + 530, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 990, + 995, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Project Development Objective: Outcome / Impact Indicators: Project Reports: ( From Purpose to Goal ) * By 2003, the proportion of adults ( 15-49 * Poverty reduction efforts continue To intensify the achievement of the multi-sectoral years ) possessing accurate knowledge of * Kenya Demographic and Health throughout the life of the project. HIV / AIDS primary targets in the National HIV / AIDS means of preventing HIV infection will Survey ( KDHS ) data Strategic Plan with the full participation of communities. increase.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys, specifically focusing on demographic and health-related information in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows contextual indicators detailing project outcomes", + "described as a source of demographic and health-related data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, KDHS is mentioned within a framework discussing project development objectives and indicators, which heavily implies a structured data source is being referenced. The sentence highlights its relevance to demographic and health surveys in Kenya, aligning it closely with the idea of a dataset providing crucial data for analysis. While KDHS could have been misinterpreted as a project name, its focus on capturing statistics and indicators suggests it acts as a dataset here. Furthermore, it is directly associated with health-related information, which typically aligns with what is expected from datasets derived from surveys. The confusion may arise from the dual nature of KDHS as both a survey programme and the resulting data collected; however, in this context, it firmly leans towards being treated as the dataset itself because it is explicitly linked to data outcomes relevant to the project objectives.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, KDHS behaves as a dataset, referring specifically to a structured collection of demographic and health-related data from a survey. Its integration within the project framework points to its role in providing essential data for project analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 11, + 15, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 412, + 416, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys related to demographic and health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "described as data source", + "mentioned in relation to demographic and health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KDHS' clearly refers to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which is a well-known structured dataset that collects demographic and health-related information from the population. The text frames 'KDHS' in a way that indicates it is being utilized as a source of statistical data, specifically for indicators related to economic situations and health outcomes. The mention of survey years (1999 and 2003) alongside KDHS supports its identification as a dataset because it connects the term to specific data collection efforts. The term does not seem to be treated as a project or system; instead, it is contributing to the analysis as a defined source of data.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'KDHS' is treated as a dataset because it refers to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which is explicitly used as a data source for demographic and health indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 86, + 90, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 241, + 246, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 412, + 416, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys related to demographic and health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside clear years indicating survey data", + "implicitly referenced in relation to demographic and health indicators", + "preceded by the term 'Baseline' and 'Target' suggesting a use of data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, KDHS refers explicitly to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which is a structured dataset comprising health and demographic statistics. The evidence of KDHS being mentioned in the context of baseline and target indicates that it is used as a source of data for analysis, reinforcing its identity as a dataset. The mention of both the Baseline (1999) and Target (2003) aims suggests that KDHS is not just a named project but an integral part of the analysis, contributing measurable indicators at specific times. Some models may misinterpret it as a project name due to its acronym and contextual framing, but the surrounding text depicts it as a collection of survey data, fulfilling a dataset role in this analysis.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "KDHS is indeed treated as a dataset here, given its function as a collection of demographic and health statistics crucial for the analysis presented." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 347, + 353, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "Survey <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "Survey <> publication year" + ], + [ + 241, + 246, + "Survey <> data geography" + ], + [ + 314, + 325, + "Survey <> reference population" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term 'Survey' refers to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), which is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows clear reference to KDHS data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Survey' refers specifically to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), which is well-known as a structured dataset used for health and demographic research. The context before the term explicitly mentions 'KDHS', reinforcing its interpretation as a concrete dataset. The phrase 'KDHS data' further emphasizes this, establishing the 'Survey' as a defined source of data collected during the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey. While the term 'Survey' could also refer to a project or methodology in different contexts, here it clearly indicates a specific dataset due to the previous characterizations. Hence, it does not confuse a system or project name with a true dataset, as it is linked directly to structured data usage. Overall, the clarity of this connection leads me to treat it as a dataset without ambiguity.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Survey' is a reference to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, clearly indicating it is a dataset due to the specific mention of KDHS data." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 356, + 360, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 241, + 246, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 412, + 416, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys related to demographic and health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside other projects", + "mentioned as a survey", + "described contextually with data-related attributes" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, KDHS stands for the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which is explicitly a dataset comprising demographic and health information that has been systematically collected through surveys. The text refers to specific years of the KDHS surveys (1999 and 2003) alongside statistical claims, which signals that KDHS is being used as a source of analyzed data for these timeframes. The repeated mention of 'data' in conjunction with KDHS reinforces that it is not merely a project but an established repository of statistical information used for assessments and evaluations in health and demographic contexts. Moreover, it has a structured and systematic nature typical of datasets. The mention of 'data community level' further implies that it serves as a source of data for population-level insights. Despite some potential confusion over the terminology surrounding KDHS and any systems or projects it may relate to, it's clear from this context that it serves as a dataset for the specific health and demographic information it provides.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, KDHS refers to a specific dataset, the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, as it is used to refer to collected data and is part of analyzing demographic health indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 406, + 410, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 241, + 246, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 412, + 416, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys related to demographic and health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "cited with a specific year indicating data collection (KDHS, 1999 and KDHS, 2003)", + "implies structured demographic and health data", + "context suggests it is utilized for analysis indicated by baseline and target measures" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'KDHS' refers to the Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys, which are indeed structured datasets collecting a variety of health and demographic information. The way it's mentioned with the years (1999 and 2003) strongly indicates it is not just a project or a system; instead, it embodies distinct data rounds with conclusive metrics such as a baseline and target. Such phrasing points it towards actual datasets rather than merely a project or system that facilities data storage. The confusion may arise since KDHS can be associated with a larger system for data collection. However, in the specific context it was mentioned, it functions clearly as the dataset in question.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, KDHS is treated as a real dataset as it refers explicitly to the demographic and health survey data collected in specific years, implying it is a concrete data source for the analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 182, + "text": "Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 90 percent * Economic situation will improve during Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 100 percent project life. * Intensified prograrn of HIV / AIDS prevention, care and support will be * By 2003, the median age of first sex * Kenya Demographic and Health socially and culturally acceptable at among young women ( 15-24 years ) will Survey ( KDHS ) data community level. increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 438, + 442, + "named" + ], + [ + 17, + 21, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ], + [ + 92, + 96, + "KDHS <> publication year" + ], + [ + 241, + 246, + "KDHS <> data geography" + ], + [ + 412, + 416, + "KDHS <> reference year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "increase. Baseline ( KDHS, 1999 ): 12 years Target ( KDHS, 2003 ): 14 years * Reports from the Ministry of * By 2004, HIV / AIDS curricula will be Education and other Ministries integrated and examinable in an increasing number of primary and secondary schools, and various post-graduate institutions. Baseline: less than I percent Target: 75 percent", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "KDHS refers to a structured collection of data collected through surveys related to demographic and health indicators in Kenya.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside years indicating data collection", + "data referenced as baseline and target", + "clearly associated with surveys on demographic and health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'KDHS' refers to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, which is known to consist of data collected through structured surveys covering various health and demographic metrics. The text mentions 'Baseline' and 'Target' values tied to specific years (1999 and 2003), indicating that KDHS is used as a source of structured data for the analysis presented. Although KDHS might also imply a project or system, its clear linkage with quantitative metrics and its historical context as a survey suggests it functions as a dataset here, especially since there isn't an explicit indication of it being merely an MI system or a management platform. A model might interpret it as a dataset due to its capitalization and mention in conjunction with survey years, making it seem like a structured entity providing information. However, without clear indicators that it is functioning solely as an infrastructure or project in this context, it is safe to classify it as a data source in this instance.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "KDHS is approached as a real dataset in this context due to its specific mention alongside baseline and target metrics, indicating that it serves as a structured collection of health and demographic data from surveys." + }, + { + "filename": "185_multi-page", + "page": 201, + "text": "Impact monitoring: The impact of the national response to the epidemic will be reflected in a broad range of indicators, including: 1. prevalence rates of HIV infection, by age group and gender; 2. median age at first sex; 3. reported condom use at last sex with non-regular partner; 4. STI incidence / prevalence; 5. primary school enrollment and completion rates among orphans; 6. the number of non-regular sexual partners during a defined period, by marital status, age group, and gender. The collection of these indicators will be the responsibility of the various implementing agencies and will be measured through a variety of instruments, including the Demographic and Health Survey of 2003. The Ministry of Health collects monthly HIV / AIDS prevalence data from 22 sentinel surveillance sites ( 13 urban and nine rural ). This existing surveillance system of HIV prevalence will be improved to include behavioral indicators ( \" second-generation surveillance \" ) with the assistance of cooperating partners. Trends in the above-mentioned indicators will be attributed to the collective efforts of the partnership against HIV / AIDS in Kenya, and to the project as part thereof.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 660, + 697, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "the number of non-regular sexual partners during a defined period, by marital status, age group, and gender. The collection of these indicators will be the responsibility of the various implementing agencies and will be measured through a variety of instruments, including the Demographic and Health Survey of 2003. The Ministry of Health collects monthly HIV / AIDS prevalence data from 22 sentinel surveillance sites ( 13 urban and nine rural ).", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The Demographic and Health Survey of 2003 is a structured collection of data used for research and analysis on health indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known datasets", + "follows \u2018measured through a variety of instruments\u2019", + "described as a survey responsible for collecting health indicators" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Demographic and Health Survey of 2003' is explicitly mentioned as a tool that will be used to measure indicators of health. The phrasing indicates that it is not merely a project or system, but rather, it plays a role in the collection of structured and standardized data pertaining to health. The use of the word 'measured' connects it clearly to data collection activities, supporting the interpretation that it functions as a dataset for health research. The model may have initially been confused due to its formal name (which could imply a distinct project or system) but in this instance, the context clarifies its use as a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Demographic and Health Survey of 2003' is treated as a dataset because it is specifically identified as a collection used for measuring health indicators." + }, + { + "filename": "186_multi-page", + "page": 54, + "text": "In addition, a Social Assessment is currently underway with Bank assistance to identify issues related to disadvantaged groups, especially orphans and child-headed households. The information from the household survey and social assessment will be used to develop intervention strategies to widen access to education and training, especially for targeted groups, as well as identify other areas of analysis which need further investigation. Development of the MIS, already begun during project preparation ( with PPF financing ), will be an ongoing and important feature of the project. Relevant education and financial indicators, including school-level information indicators, will be agreed for inclusion in RHRDP efforts to develop the MIS. Finally, the AIDS epidemic and its impact on the education system will be further analyzed. Changes in demand for education and in the supply of labor need to be factored into the planning for human resource capacity of the sector. Projections that take these changes into account are needed to provide the basis for this planning process.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 740, + 743, + "named" + ], + [ + 60, + 64, + "MIS <> publisher" + ], + [ + 139, + 174, + "MIS <> reference population" + ], + [ + 642, + 677, + "MIS <> data description" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Development of the MIS, already begun during project preparation ( with PPF financing ), will be an ongoing and important feature of the project. Relevant education and financial indicators, including school-level information indicators, will be agreed for inclusion in RHRDP efforts to develop the MIS. Finally, the AIDS epidemic and its impact on the education system will be further analyzed.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "The term 'MIS' refers to a Management Information System, which is a structured collection of data used for managing and analyzing information related to education and financial indicators.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": "mentioned as a management information system without direct reference to containing data; context suggests an ongoing project rather than a concrete dataset; specific indicators to be included but not describing data directly from this system", + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'MIS' in the given context, it primarily references a Management Information System being developed as part of a project. While it could house datasets or facilitate data collection, the emphasis is on the system\u2019s ongoing development rather than it serving as a direct dataset. The mention discusses its role in agreeing on relevant indicators without specifying that it serves as a direct source of data for analysis. The phrase 'will be an ongoing and important feature of the project' indicates that it is more about the organizational structure rather than an actual data source for analysis. The prior judgment may have been influenced by the assumption that an information system automatically implies data usage; however, in this case, it is framed more as a tool to guide future data collection or management rather than a dataset itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'MIS' is better understood as a management information system being developed rather than a dataset. The context indicates it functions as an ongoing project not explicitly focused on existing datasets." + }, + { + "filename": "187_multi-page", + "page": 10, + "text": "Fiscal weight of Government should be a responsible Three separate measures will be provided: public employer, restraining employment Wage bill as % of GDP employment in costs while ensuring that Wage bill as % of government expenditures comparison with remuneration arrangements do not Goods and services expenditures as % of government international establish perverse incentives. expenditures practice - Comparator data will be obtained from the Government Financial Statistics, from the updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al, or from the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Competitive and non-arbitrary remuneration Civil service pay Vertical decompression outside the The key measure is the median of the ninth decile salaries ( vertical range 1: 7 to 1: 20 undermines divided by the median of the first decile salaries - but for compression ) incentives for public officials to comparison with the OECD, ninth decile salaries divided by pursue a career and take disciplinary median salaries and median salaries divided by first decile threats seriously. salaries could be provided. Comparator data from other countries is available through the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Civil service pay Average central government wages A survey of salaries in the Albanian public and private ( comparisons with as a proportion of average private sectors will be undertaken in 2000.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 449, + 480, + "named" + ], + [ + 499, + 543, + "Government Financial Statistics <> data type" + ], + [ + 557, + 577, + "Government Financial Statistics <> author" + ], + [ + 1352, + 1360, + "Government Financial Statistics <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1464, + 1468, + "Government Financial Statistics <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Fiscal weight of Government should be a responsible Three separate measures will be provided: public employer, restraining employment Wage bill as % of GDP employment in costs while ensuring that Wage bill as % of government expenditures comparison with remuneration arrangements do not Goods and services expenditures as % of government international establish perverse incentives. expenditures practice - Comparator data will be obtained from the Government Financial Statistics, from the updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al, or from the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Competitive and non-arbitrary remuneration Civil service pay Vertical decompression outside the The key measure is the median of the ninth decile salaries ( vertical range 1: 7 to 1: 20 undermines divided by the median of the first decile salaries - but for compression ) incentives for public officials to comparison with the OECD, ninth decile salaries divided by pursue a career and take disciplinary median salaries and median salaries divided by first decile threats seriously.", + "type": "database", + "explanation": "Government Financial Statistics refers to a structured collection of data related to government finances, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a source of comparative data", + "obtained from an updated database", + "not explicitly described as a structured dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Government Financial Statistics' is mentioned as a source from which comparator data is obtained, but there is also an indication that it comes from an updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al. This makes it unclear whether 'Government Financial Statistics' itself is being treated as the dataset or simply as a label for a category of data that is stored in a broader database or system. The manner in which it is introduced (i.e., alongside an updated database) suggests it is a more indirect reference to a dataset. The combination of context indicates a likelihood that it behaves like an infrastructure source rather than a standalone dataset. The extraction model may have misidentified it due to its formal naming and the lack of clear distinction in the text between projects/systems and datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this case, 'Government Financial Statistics' does not function as an independent dataset but rather as a reference to a category of data obtained from a larger system, leading to confusion." + }, + { + "filename": "187_multi-page", + "page": 10, + "text": "Fiscal weight of Government should be a responsible Three separate measures will be provided: public employer, restraining employment Wage bill as % of GDP employment in costs while ensuring that Wage bill as % of government expenditures comparison with remuneration arrangements do not Goods and services expenditures as % of government international establish perverse incentives. expenditures practice - Comparator data will be obtained from the Government Financial Statistics, from the updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al, or from the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Competitive and non-arbitrary remuneration Civil service pay Vertical decompression outside the The key measure is the median of the ninth decile salaries ( vertical range 1: 7 to 1: 20 undermines divided by the median of the first decile salaries - but for compression ) incentives for public officials to comparison with the OECD, ninth decile salaries divided by pursue a career and take disciplinary median salaries and median salaries divided by first decile threats seriously. salaries could be provided. Comparator data from other countries is available through the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Civil service pay Average central government wages A survey of salaries in the Albanian public and private ( comparisons with as a proportion of average private sectors will be undertaken in 2000.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 590, + 619, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 543, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> data type" + ], + [ + 557, + 577, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> author" + ], + [ + 764, + 799, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> data description" + ], + [ + 1464, + 1468, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> publication year" + ], + [ + 1485, + 1503, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> usage context" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Fiscal weight of Government should be a responsible Three separate measures will be provided: public employer, restraining employment Wage bill as % of GDP employment in costs while ensuring that Wage bill as % of government expenditures comparison with remuneration arrangements do not Goods and services expenditures as % of government international establish perverse incentives. expenditures practice - Comparator data will be obtained from the Government Financial Statistics, from the updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al, or from the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Competitive and non-arbitrary remuneration Civil service pay Vertical decompression outside the The key measure is the median of the ninth decile salaries ( vertical range 1: 7 to 1: 20 undermines divided by the median of the first decile salaries - but for compression ) incentives for public officials to comparison with the OECD, ninth decile salaries divided by pursue a career and take disciplinary median salaries and median salaries divided by first decile threats seriously.", + "type": "toolkit", + "explanation": "The Civil Service PremPak Toolkit is referenced as a source for comparator data on public sector pay and employment, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as a project, not as a data source", + "listed alongside other sources, but primarily described in terms that suggest a toolkit rather than a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the given context, the term 'Civil Service PremPak Toolkit' is mentioned alongside other data sources used for comparison, such as the Government Financial Statistics. However, the use of 'Toolkit' in the name suggests that it is more of a tool or resource for guidance and methodologies rather than a structured collection of data that can be analyzed on its own. The term 'Toolkit' implies that it may not simply be a dataset but could provide frameworks, measures, or processes for analyzing public sector remuneration. Thus, although it is included in the list of sources from which data may be obtained, it does not fit the definition of a dataset as it is likely intended to serve more as a reference for practices associated with public sector pay rather than housing raw data itself.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Civil Service PremPak Toolkit' is better understood as a resource or guide for analyzing data rather than a dataset itself, as indicated by its name and the context of its mention. It is characterized as a project/tool rather than a standalone source of data." + }, + { + "filename": "187_multi-page", + "page": 10, + "text": "Fiscal weight of Government should be a responsible Three separate measures will be provided: public employer, restraining employment Wage bill as % of GDP employment in costs while ensuring that Wage bill as % of government expenditures comparison with remuneration arrangements do not Goods and services expenditures as % of government international establish perverse incentives. expenditures practice - Comparator data will be obtained from the Government Financial Statistics, from the updated database on public sector pay and employment collected by Schiavo-Campo et al, or from the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Competitive and non-arbitrary remuneration Civil service pay Vertical decompression outside the The key measure is the median of the ninth decile salaries ( vertical range 1: 7 to 1: 20 undermines divided by the median of the first decile salaries - but for compression ) incentives for public officials to comparison with the OECD, ninth decile salaries divided by pursue a career and take disciplinary median salaries and median salaries divided by first decile threats seriously. salaries could be provided. Comparator data from other countries is available through the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Civil service pay Average central government wages A survey of salaries in the Albanian public and private ( comparisons with as a proportion of average private sectors will be undertaken in 2000.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1218, + 1247, + "named" + ], + [ + 491, + 543, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> data type" + ], + [ + 557, + 577, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> author" + ], + [ + 764, + 799, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> data description" + ], + [ + 932, + 948, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> reference population" + ], + [ + 1464, + 1468, + "Civil Service PremPak Toolkit <> publication year" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "salaries could be provided. Comparator data from other countries is available through the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit. ( Periodicity: annual ) Civil service pay Average central government wages A survey of salaries in the Albanian public and private ( comparisons with as a proportion of average private sectors will be undertaken in 2000.", + "type": "tool", + "explanation": "The Civil Service PremPak Toolkit is referenced as a source for comparator data on public sector pay and employment, indicating it is a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a toolkit, not explicitly as a dataset", + "mentioned in the context of providing data from other sources", + "contains elements suggesting it could be a project or an information system" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Civil Service PremPak Toolkit' is likely more of a project name or a management information system rather than a distinct dataset itself. The phrase 'comparator data from other countries is available through the Civil Service PremPak Toolkit' suggests that the toolkit serves as a platform or resource that provides access to various forms of data rather than being a structured dataset on its own. The model may have been confused due to the phrasing that implies it serves as a source of data, along with its capitalized nature which often indicates a formal name, but without explicit evidence categorizing it as a dataset rather than a project or tool. The context implies that it provides data rather than contains a cohesive dataset, which is critical in drawing the line between a system/tool and an actual dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Civil Service PremPak Toolkit' is not treated as a dataset in this context because it is better understood as a project or tool facilitating access to various data, rather than being a structured collection of standalone records." + }, + { + "filename": "187_multi-page", + "page": 30, + "text": "Direct Bank involvement and assistance in undertaking and ensuring widespread dissemination of key impact monitoring inteventions will be particularly important in this regard These include the surveys of public officials, as well as the Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys. In addition, intensive and close supervision of the PAR by the Bank will be required to continuously adjust strategy and tactics to rapid and constantly changing conditions and challenges. To this end, the pairing of the PAR with ( i ) related Bank policy operations ( the PESP and SAC ), and ( ii ) complementary ESW ( Public Expenditure Review ) should help to address the Bank ' s capacity to continually reinforce counterpart commitment. - 27 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 238, + 273, + "named" + ], + [ + 7, + 11, + "Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 205, + 221, + "Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys <> reference population" + ], + [ + 519, + 523, + "Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys <> publisher" + ], + [ + 650, + 654, + "Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys <> publisher" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Direct Bank involvement and assistance in undertaking and ensuring widespread dissemination of key impact monitoring inteventions will be particularly important in this regard These include the surveys of public officials, as well as the Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys. In addition, intensive and close supervision of the PAR by the Bank will be required to continuously adjust strategy and tactics to rapid and constantly changing conditions and challenges.", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys are structured collections of data used to monitor public expenditure, making them a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "enumerated alongside known surveys", + "described as structured collections of data", + "references to monitoring public expenditure" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys' appears to refer specifically to a structured method of data collection that focuses on monitoring public spending. The mention of 'surveys' indicates that it generates data systematically through some predefined process, distinguishing it from being merely a project or a system. While it could be interpreted as a project name due to the capitalized nature of the title, the surrounding language emphasizes its role in data collection and analysis. The phrase 'surveys of public officials' preceding it also supports the interpretation that the term is being connected to a data gathering effort rather than being mentioned only as a project. These contextual signals suggest that it is indeed treated as a dataset here.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys' acts as a dataset in this context as it pertains to a structured collection of data aimed at monitoring public expenditure, supported by language that highlights its function in data gathering." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 10, + "text": "Prior to the certification, and including the pre-implementation period during which the PPF will be used, disbursements will be based on SOEs subject to the thresholds described in Annex 6, as well as on supporting documentation for advances made to the SA for expenditures above the threshold and for direct payments. Each disbursement application will be signed by two authorized signatories whose names and corresponding signature specimens will be subrnitted to the Administrator through MOH. Counterpart Funding. The project will open a separate bank account for the counterpart funding from the PA for the Value Added Tax ( VAT ) compensation, as well as for the counterpart contributions financed by the PA, which represent 85 % of the incremental operating costs. Prior to Board presentation, the PIU will open an account for counterpart funding in a conmmercial bank, based on a formal agreement reached between the Ministry of Finance ( MOF ) and MOH regarding the procedure for VAT reimbursement. Monitoring and Evaluation ( M & E ). The PIU will be responsible for monitoring progress against agreed-upon performance indicators ( specified in Annex 1 ). For this purpose, it will develop and maintain a project information system which will generate annual progress reports for the PA and relevant donors, including the Administrator. Under Component 3, an in-depth Client Access, Utilization, and Satisfaction Survey ( CAUS ) will be conducted at the start and end of the project imnplementation period in order to measure the impact of the project on the quality and efficiency of the PHC services in the selected clinics. The MOH ' s technical units responsible for implementing each project component will provide the PIU with quarterly progress reports summarizing the current status of project implementation, including financial - 7 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 1379, + 1430, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "For this purpose, it will develop and maintain a project information system which will generate annual progress reports for the PA and relevant donors, including the Administrator. Under Component 3, an in-depth Client Access, Utilization, and Satisfaction Survey ( CAUS ) will be conducted at the start and end of the project imnplementation period in order to measure the impact of the project on the quality and efficiency of the PHC services in the selected clinics. The MOH ' s technical units responsible for implementing each project component will provide the PIU with quarterly progress reports summarizing the current status of project implementation, including financial - 7 -", + "type": "survey", + "explanation": "The term refers to a survey designed to collect structured data on client access, utilization, and satisfaction, which qualifies it as a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": true, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a survey designed to collect structured data", + "mentioned in the context of measuring impact on services", + "follows the construction of a project information system", + "explicitly indicates data will be collected" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating this occurrence, I focused on the phrase describing the Client Access, Utilization, and Satisfaction Survey as being conducted to measure the impact of the project. It explicitly refers to a survey, which is traditionally a method for data collection. The use of the term 'survey' suggests that structured data will indeed be gathered. Although an information system is mentioned previously in the text, the term 'Client Access, Utilization, and Satisfaction Survey' itself does not refer to the system; rather, it explicitly denotes a scheduled data-collection effort. Additionally, it implies that the results of this survey will be usefully aligned with project evaluations, reinforcing that the term references a dataset of its own. The possible confusion might arise due to the context involving project management systems and progress reports; however, in this case, the survey stands out as its own entity aimed at data generation. Thus, it leads to the conclusion that this term behaves like a dataset mention.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Client Access, Utilization, and Satisfaction Survey' is appropriately treated as a dataset in this context because it clearly refers to a structured survey designed to collect data related to client access and satisfaction, rather than merely being part of a larger project or system." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will finance: ( i ) textbooks, journals, and audiovisual educational niaterials related to HMIS for the Library; ( ii ) two workshops in WBG ( one on \" Information Exchange of Existing HMIS Projects in Health in WBG \"; and a second on \" Design of HMIS Systemns for Health \" ); and ( iii ) the attendance of four HMIS staff at an international conference in order to provide them with access to the latest products and resources. In addition, the project will finance 85 % of its staffing and operating costs during the life of the project. * 2. 2 Defining, a Health Data Dictionary and Data Model ( US $ 0. 03 million ): The Health Data Dictionary and Data Model together will form the basis for the design of the computerized information systems, but they can also be used to ensure that comparable definitions of clinical and administrative procedures and terms are used throughout the health care system. These terms will be those coimmonly used in epidemiological analyses, utilization reviews, and administrative and financial functons by MOH practitioners and decision makers in WBG. The project will support the following activitii. s: ( a ) Workshops.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 571, + 593, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "* 2. 2 Defining, a Health Data Dictionary and Data Model ( US $ 0. 03 million ): The Health Data Dictionary and Data Model together will form the basis for the design of the computerized information systems, but they can also be used to ensure that comparable definitions of clinical and administrative procedures and terms are used throughout the health care system.", + "type": "concept", + "explanation": "The Health Data Dictionary is a conceptual framework for defining terms and procedures, not a structured collection of data.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "referred to as a 'Health Data Dictionary and Data Model'", + "described as the basis for designing computerized information systems", + "focused on ensuring comparable definitions rather than containing structured data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Health Data Dictionary' serves as a conceptual and organizational framework meant to standardize language and definitions for healthcare procedures, rather than as a direct storage site for structured data records. The mention indicates its role in supporting the design of information systems but does not position it as a dataset itself. The text describes it in relation to data modeling which emphasizes its function as part of the infrastructure rather than as a standalone dataset. The presence of 'Data Model' directly alongside 'Health Data Dictionary' adds to this interpretation, reinforcing the idea that it is an informational project or system and not a data repository. The model might have been confused because the term resembles other data-related mentions, such as when it is capitalized and described in contexts typical for datasets.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this instance, 'Health Data Dictionary' refers to a framework for standardizing definitions rather than a concrete dataset, hence it is not treated as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will finance: ( i ) textbooks, journals, and audiovisual educational niaterials related to HMIS for the Library; ( ii ) two workshops in WBG ( one on \" Information Exchange of Existing HMIS Projects in Health in WBG \"; and a second on \" Design of HMIS Systemns for Health \" ); and ( iii ) the attendance of four HMIS staff at an international conference in order to provide them with access to the latest products and resources. In addition, the project will finance 85 % of its staffing and operating costs during the life of the project. * 2. 2 Defining, a Health Data Dictionary and Data Model ( US $ 0. 03 million ): The Health Data Dictionary and Data Model together will form the basis for the design of the computerized information systems, but they can also be used to ensure that comparable definitions of clinical and administrative procedures and terms are used throughout the health care system. These terms will be those coimmonly used in epidemiological analyses, utilization reviews, and administrative and financial functons by MOH practitioners and decision makers in WBG. The project will support the following activitii. s: ( a ) Workshops.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 637, + 659, + "named" + ], + [ + 149, + 152, + "Health Data Dictionary <> data geography" + ], + [ + 224, + 227, + "Health Data Dictionary <> data geography" + ], + [ + 1097, + 1100, + "Health Data Dictionary <> data geography" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "2 Defining, a Health Data Dictionary and Data Model ( US $ 0. 03 million ): The Health Data Dictionary and Data Model together will form the basis for the design of the computerized information systems, but they can also be used to ensure that comparable definitions of clinical and administrative procedures and terms are used throughout the health care system. These terms will be those coimmonly used in epidemiological analyses, utilization reviews, and administrative and financial functons by MOH practitioners and decision makers in WBG.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Health Data Dictionary is a structured collection of definitions and terms used in health care, which supports data standardization and analysis.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a basis for the design of computerized information systems", + "not referred to as a data source", + "functions as a framework for definitions rather than containing raw data", + "might imply standardization support rather than being a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the 'Health Data Dictionary' is predominantly framed as a foundational element for information systems and data management within health care. It is described as providing definitions and standardizations rather than being a dataset in itself that contains specific records of data. The term appears in a context that emphasizes its role in supporting infrastructure for data governance in public health rather than directly acting as a structured source of data. A model might confuse this term as a dataset due to its structured nature and the association with clinical and administrative procedures, leading it to resemble a dataset; however, it serves more as a conceptual framework or tool. The narrative does not treat it as a concrete data source for analysis but rather as part of a broader system for standard data definition.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Data Dictionary' is not a dataset in this context as it is primarily described as a framework aiding information systems and standard definitions, rather than a collection of data records or a data source itself." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 72, + 87, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Data Dictionary is a structured collection of terms and semantics used to define the Management Information System (MIS) associated with health data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned only as part of the project activities", + "described as produced through workshops, but not as a standalone data source", + "appears alongside the term 'Data Model', indicating a conceptual framework rather than a dataset." + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Data Dictionary' is specifically described within the scope of workshops aimed at its development and does not appear to be treated as a self-contained dataset. The term is more about the preparatory and evaluation aspects of establishing a framework for data management rather than a dataset ready for analysis. Additionally, the fact that it is coupled with 'Data Model' suggests that it operates as a conceptual tool used within the framework of the project rather than as a concrete data repository. The extraction model might have confused it for a dataset due to the capitalized term and its positioning alongside other terminology common in data handling; however, the lack of clear indicators of it being used as data for analysis leads me to conclude it is not a dataset in this context.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Data Dictionary' in this context refers to a conceptual framework being developed through workshops, not a standalone dataset containing specific data records, thus it should not be treated as a dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 92, + 102, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use.", + "type": "model", + "explanation": "The term 'Data Model' refers to a conceptual framework for organizing and structuring data, not a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned in the context of workshops", + "refers to a conceptual framework", + "not described as containing records or statistics" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, 'Data Model' refers to a conceptual structure that categorizes and organizes the data, not a source of structured, empirical data itself. Terms like 'Data Dictionary' and 'Data Model' are more indicative of front-end documentation and frameworks that guide data use rather than datasets containing records. The context surrounding 'Data Model' indicates it is part of a project-related effort and workshop, suggesting its role as a framework or guiding concept rather than a tangible dataset. A model could be misunderstood as a dataset by models due to its naming convention and the presence of phrases commonly associated with data sources, such as 'support workshops for the production of' - but it fails to fit the criteria of an actual dataset. There is no suggestion that 'Data Model' is a structured collection of data; therefore, it is better classified as a conceptual tool or framework.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The term 'Data Model' is not a dataset in this context as it represents a conceptual framework rather than an actual structured collection of data." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 293, + 308, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Data Dictionary is a structured collection of terms and semantics used to define the Management Information System (MIS) associated with health data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned alongside terms like 'Data Model' without clear data usage", + "described as part of project preparations rather than a source of data", + "preparatory workshops suggest it is a framework rather than raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this context, the term 'Data Dictionary' seems to refer to a conceptual framework or a structured definition of terms used within a health data management system rather than an actual dataset in the traditional sense. Even though it is capitalized and may seem like a proper noun, it is described in connection with workshops and project preparation activities. The lack of a direct indication that this 'Data Dictionary' is used as a source of data for analysis further prompts the conclusion that it functions more as a tool or framework than a dataset containing records or statistics. The mention of 'Data Model' alongside it also indicates that these terms are used in reference to project activities rather than as standalone data sources.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Data Dictionary' in this context serves more as a framework or guide within the project's development process rather than an actual dataset containing data for analysis." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 421, + 443, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Health Data Dictionary is a structured collection of terms and semantics used to define the Management Information System (MIS) associated with health data, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as containing specifics of a Management Information System", + "mentioned as part of the project infrastructure", + "described in relation to a Data Model rather than being a standalone dataset" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "The term 'Health Data Dictionary' does not represent a dataset on its own; rather, it specifies the semantics of terms used within a Management Information System (MIS) being developed for a project. This context indicates that the Health Data Dictionary is designed to define how data is structured and what the terms mean, which aligns more with being a component of project infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset. Given that it is connected to the MIS and is discussed alongside the 'Data Model', it reinforces the idea that it's part of the overarching system that manages health data, rather than a repository of actual health data itself. The model might have confused it as a dataset due to its naming convention and its surrounding context that mentions it as something to review and utilize, which can imply it holds significant information; however, it\u2019s fundamentally an informational tool or framework, not a data repository.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, the 'Health Data Dictionary' serves as a framework for defining terms within a Management Information System, making it part of the project infrastructure rather than a standalone dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 465, + 480, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Data Dictionary is a structured collection of terms and their semantics used to define the Management Information System (MIS) associated with health data.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "described as a component of the Management Information System (MIS)", + "details how terms and fields are formatted, not presenting raw data", + "mentioned within the context of preparing a structure for data, not as a dataset itself" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In this instance, the term 'Data Dictionary' seems to represent a conceptual framework rather than an actual dataset. The text describes it as part of the preparation for a Management Information System (MIS) and details its role in defining terms and formatting data fields. This places 'Data Dictionary' within the realm of system infrastructure rather than a concrete collection of data ready for analysis. Though it follows some cues that COULD suggest dataset terms, such as being involved in a project-related context, it fundamentally serves as a guide for structuring the information rather than being a repository of data itself. The model may have been misled by the structured nature of the term or the capitalization, interpreting it as a formal dataset rather than a tool for organizing data semantics.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Data Dictionary' in this context is not a dataset but a framework for defining terms and structuring data within a management information system." + }, + { + "filename": "190_multi-page", + "page": 25, + "text": "The project will support two workshops related to the production of the Data Dictionary and Data Model: ( i ) a preparatory workshop to define the objectives and pri. pare a detailed work program and strategies for the technical working group; and ( ii ) an eva luation workshop to review the Data Dictionary and Data Model that have been developed, and p [ lan for their dissemnination and use. ( b ) Preparation of the Health Data Dictionary anad Data Model. The Data Dictionary will contain the specific \" semantics \" of each term needed to define the MIS associated with the GHI and: linical information systems being developed under the project. The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2. 3 Creating a Health Insurance Information System ( US $ 0. 40 million ): The objective of this activity is to create the basis for a modern Health Insurance System that has a single registry Co: r all beneficiaries, and one that provides consistent health insurance services for all Palestinians in WBG. The new systemn would be a successor to today ' s existing systems - - based largely on their res-rective designs - - but it will also introduce a more updated capacity than exists in the current system. TVie new system will be housed in the new HIC in Gaza and linked to the West Bank and other areas in Gaza. At this stage, the system will include enhanced beneficiary registration, premium collectio; n, and eligibility retrieval functionality. Later projects would continue to build on this foundation,. dding payer functionality for claims adjudication and reimbursement, capitation, contracting, andl other advanced functions that are essential in expanding the choice of services available to the beneficiaries, while maintaining efficiency and control in terms of cost and quality. - 22 -", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 902, + 924, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "The Data Model, which is the computer analog of the Data Dictionary, will define how each field is formatted within computer databases and how data elements are related to one another. The project will finance technical assista: ace for preparing the Health Data Dictionary and Data M: odel. * 2.", + "type": "data dictionary", + "explanation": "The Health Data Dictionary is a structured collection of terms and definitions used to standardize data elements in health information systems, making it a dataset.", + "is_dataset": true, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "project mentioned in conjunction with technical assistance", + "described as a health data dictionary rather than a data source", + "focuses on formatting and relationships of data fields" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In the context provided, the term 'Health Data Dictionary' is used in relation to a broader project about developing a Data Model. The excerpt discusses how the health data dictionary functions to define and standardize data elements rather than presenting it as a standalone dataset. Although it may contain structured information, it is not a dataset by itself but rather a tool or framework that supports data categorization and shaping within health information systems. The model may have been confused due to the capitalization of the term and its proximity to phrases that suggest data usage, but these phrases refer to a project or structure rather than direct access to a dataset. It's important to differentiate between a tool that organizes data (the Health Data Dictionary) and an actual dataset that can be analyzed.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "The 'Health Data Dictionary' is not treated as a dataset in this context; it is described as a part of a project focusing on how data fields are formatted and structured rather than as a discrete, analyzable dataset." + }, + { + "filename": "191_multi-page", + "page": 12, + "text": "Project Appraisal Document Page 7 Burundi - Second Social Action Project Poverty monitoring. Another strategic choice is for smaller scale statistical monitoring. The BURSAP I is financing a relatively large-scale survey that will yield detailed baseline information on poverty. In contrast, the proposed project would finance less expensive surveys that can be repeated to provide up-to-date follow-up information on the evolution of poverty. Furthermore, these surveys would be oriented toward action to reduce poverty rather than simply gathering analytical infor: mation about poverty. To that end, the surveys would provide the information on the conditions of roads, water supply, health and education services, and local institutions that is necessary for planning reconstruction programs, and provide information on health and nutrition status. The relevant indicators would be selected through a survey of statistics users in the Government, donor, and NGO sectors. C: Project Description Summary 1. Project components: ( see Annex 2 for a detailed description and Annex 3 for a detailed cost breakdown ) The following are total costs of the project in current US dollars and include contributions from the Central Govemment and from beneficiaries. 1. Community investments Poverty 10. 7 81. 4 10. 0 93. 0 Of which alleviation a. Community participation c; 1. 00 7. 6 1. 0 100. 0 b.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 167, + 175, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Another strategic choice is for smaller scale statistical monitoring. The BURSAP I is financing a relatively large-scale survey that will yield detailed baseline information on poverty. In contrast, the proposed project would finance less expensive surveys that can be repeated to provide up-to-date follow-up information on the evolution of poverty.", + "type": "program", + "explanation": "BURSAP I refers to a program financing surveys rather than being a structured collection of data itself.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a financing project", + "described as conducting a survey", + "not directly referenced as a data source" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating 'BURSAP I', it is evident from the context that it is framed as a financing project rather than a structured dataset. The term follows mentions of strategic choices for statistical monitoring and indicates financing for large-scale surveys. The phrasing implies a focus on the role of BURSAP I in facilitating research rather than being a source of structured data itself. Considering these factors, the term does not indicate it contains or provides data in a conventional dataset way. A model might confuse this mention as a dataset because it is capitalized and given a specific title, suggesting importance, along with associations in the text that could imply data generation. However, the focus is clearly on its function as a project rather than a dataset. Therefore, it is better categorized as indeed a project rather than a dataset.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "BURSAP I is referenced as a financing project for surveys rather than a structured dataset, so it is not considered a dataset in this context." + }, + { + "filename": "192_multi-page", + "page": 18, + "text": "The assessments confirmed that that borrowers are highly satisfied with both credit programs. Findings are being used to further improve lending methodologies. The full beneficiary assessment reports are in the Project File. Rural Microcredit Beneficiary Assessment. In June and July 1998, surveys, in-depth interviews, and focus group meetings were carried out in thirteen villages of four districts ( Elbasan, Kruja, Tirana, and Vlore ). The villages were selected according to geography, economic level, and VCF lifespan to be representative of the entire VCF system. Surveys were carried out with 114 households, selected from 1, 900 households. The main findings were: ( a ) Characteristics of Respondents and Villages. On average, there were 146 households per village, with six individuals per family. An estimated 25 percent to 50 percent of families had at least one individual who worked outside of Albania ( seasonal worker ) during 1998. About half of respondents had elementary school education; while the other half had graduated from high school or vocational school. Two-thirds of the respondents cited farming as their main activity.", + "ner_text": [ + [ + 211, + 223, + "named" + ] + ], + "validated": false, + "empirical_context": "Findings are being used to further improve lending methodologies. The full beneficiary assessment reports are in the Project File. Rural Microcredit Beneficiary Assessment.", + "type": "document", + "explanation": "The term 'Project File' refers to a collection of documents or reports rather than a structured dataset.", + "is_dataset": false, + "llm_is_dataset_contextual": false, + "llm_contextual_reason": [ + "mentioned as a collection of reports/documents", + "includes the term 'Project' which suggests it may be a title rather than a data source", + "does not indicate structured data or records", + "specifically points to beneficiary assessment reports, not raw data" + ], + "llm_thinking_contextual": "In evaluating the term 'Project File', it appears primarily as a collection of documents rather than a structured dataset. The context uses phrases that make it clear that the reference is to reports or assessments associated with the project. The term 'Project' itself implies it is likely a title or a project name, which usually doesn't denote a dataset in the traditional sense. If the phrase had explicitly indicated that the 'Project File' contains structured records or was used as the source of analysis, it could have led to a different conclusion. However, the mention of it being 'full beneficiary assessment reports' reinforces that it is documentation rather than a dataset. The model may have been confused because 'Project File' is capitalized and resembles the naming conventions often used for datasets; however, the surrounding context clarifies its function as documentation.", + "llm_summary_contextual": "In this context, 'Project File' is not a dataset because it is a reference to a collection of beneficiary assessment documents rather than a structured data source." + } +] \ No newline at end of file