import type { AIRegulation, RegulatoryAction, CountryRegulationProfile } from '@/types'; // Major AI Regulations & Laws Worldwide export const AI_REGULATIONS: AIRegulation[] = [ // European Union { id: 'eu-ai-act', name: 'EU Artificial Intelligence Act', shortName: 'EU AI Act', country: 'European Union', region: 'Europe', type: 'comprehensive', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2021-04-21', effectiveDate: '2024-08-01', complianceDeadline: '2026-08-01', scope: ['General Purpose AI', 'High-Risk AI Systems', 'Prohibited AI Practices', 'Foundation Models'], keyProvisions: [ 'Risk-based classification system (Unacceptable, High, Limited, Minimal)', 'Ban on social scoring, real-time biometric surveillance (with exceptions)', 'Transparency requirements for foundation models (>10^25 FLOPs)', 'Mandatory conformity assessments for high-risk AI', 'AI literacy and human oversight requirements', ], penalties: '€35M or 7% of global annual turnover (whichever is higher)', link: 'https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/', description: 'World\'s first comprehensive AI regulation framework. Establishes harmonized rules for development and use of AI in the EU.', }, { id: 'eu-gdpr', name: 'General Data Protection Regulation (AI provisions)', shortName: 'GDPR (AI)', country: 'European Union', region: 'Europe', type: 'sectoral', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2016-04-27', effectiveDate: '2018-05-25', scope: ['Automated Decision-Making', 'Profiling', 'Data Processing'], keyProvisions: [ 'Right to explanation for automated decisions', 'Right to object to automated processing', 'Data minimization for AI training', 'Privacy by design requirements', ], penalties: '€20M or 4% of global annual turnover', link: 'https://gdpr.eu/', description: 'Includes provisions on automated decision-making and profiling relevant to AI systems.', }, // United States { id: 'us-eo-14110', name: 'Executive Order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI', shortName: 'Biden AI EO', country: 'United States', region: 'North America', type: 'comprehensive', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2023-10-30', effectiveDate: '2023-10-30', scope: ['Foundation Models', 'AI Safety', 'National Security', 'Civil Rights'], keyProvisions: [ 'Safety testing for dual-use foundation models (>10^26 FLOPs)', 'Red-teaming requirements before public release', 'Watermarking of AI-generated content', 'AI Bill of Rights implementation', 'NIST AI Risk Management Framework adoption', ], link: 'https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/', description: 'Comprehensive executive order establishing US government approach to AI safety and governance.', }, { id: 'us-blueprint-ai-bill-rights', name: 'Blueprint for an AI Bill of Rights', shortName: 'AI Bill of Rights', country: 'United States', region: 'North America', type: 'voluntary', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2022-10-04', effectiveDate: '2022-10-04', scope: ['Civil Rights', 'Algorithmic Discrimination', 'Data Privacy'], keyProvisions: [ 'Safe and effective systems', 'Algorithmic discrimination protections', 'Data privacy safeguards', 'Notice and explanation requirements', 'Human alternatives and opt-out', ], link: 'https://www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/ai-bill-of-rights/', description: 'Non-binding framework for protecting civil rights in the age of AI.', }, // United Kingdom { id: 'uk-pro-innovation', name: 'UK Pro-Innovation Approach to AI Regulation', shortName: 'UK AI Framework', country: 'United Kingdom', region: 'Europe', type: 'voluntary', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2023-03-29', effectiveDate: '2023-03-29', scope: ['Cross-Sectoral AI Governance', 'Innovation'], keyProvisions: [ '5 cross-sectoral principles: Safety, Transparency, Fairness, Accountability, Contestability', 'Sector-specific regulators (not centralized)', 'Focus on innovation-friendly regulation', 'No immediate new laws', ], link: 'https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-regulation-a-pro-innovation-approach', description: 'Light-touch, principles-based approach favoring innovation over strict regulation.', }, // China { id: 'cn-algorithm-regulations', name: 'Regulations on Algorithm Recommendations', shortName: 'China Algorithm Rules', country: 'China', region: 'Asia', type: 'sectoral', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2021-08-27', effectiveDate: '2022-03-01', scope: ['Recommendation Algorithms', 'Content Moderation', 'User Profiling'], keyProvisions: [ 'Algorithm filing requirements with CAC', 'User opt-out from algorithmic recommendations', 'Prohibition on price discrimination', 'Content aligned with socialist values', ], link: 'http://www.cac.gov.cn/', description: 'Regulations governing algorithmic recommendation services and content.', }, { id: 'cn-generative-ai', name: 'Measures for Generative AI Services', shortName: 'China GenAI Rules', country: 'China', region: 'Asia', type: 'sectoral', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2023-07-10', effectiveDate: '2023-08-15', scope: ['Generative AI', 'Large Language Models', 'Content Generation'], keyProvisions: [ 'Content must reflect socialist core values', 'Training data security reviews', 'Real-name verification for users', 'Labeling of AI-generated content', 'Registration with authorities before public release', ], link: 'http://www.cac.gov.cn/', description: 'First national regulation specifically targeting generative AI services.', }, // Canada { id: 'ca-aida', name: 'Artificial Intelligence and Data Act (AIDA)', shortName: 'AIDA', country: 'Canada', region: 'North America', type: 'comprehensive', status: 'proposed', announcedDate: '2022-06-16', scope: ['High-Impact AI Systems', 'Algorithmic Harm', 'Data Governance'], keyProvisions: [ 'Risk-based approach for high-impact systems', 'Mandatory impact assessments', 'Algorithmic transparency requirements', 'Biased output mitigation', ], link: 'https://www.parl.ca/DocumentViewer/en/44-1/bill/C-27/first-reading', description: 'Proposed comprehensive AI regulation (part of Bill C-27). Still in parliamentary process.', }, // Singapore { id: 'sg-model-framework', name: 'Model AI Governance Framework', shortName: 'Singapore Framework', country: 'Singapore', region: 'Asia', type: 'voluntary', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2020-01-21', effectiveDate: '2020-01-21', scope: ['AI Governance', 'Ethical AI', 'Risk Management'], keyProvisions: [ 'Risk-based governance approach', 'Internal governance structures', 'Human oversight in decision-making', 'Transparency and explainability', ], link: 'https://www.pdpc.gov.sg/help-and-resources/2020/01/model-ai-governance-framework', description: 'Voluntary framework providing guidance on responsible AI deployment.', }, // Brazil { id: 'br-ai-bill', name: 'Brazilian AI Regulatory Framework', shortName: 'Brazil AI Law', country: 'Brazil', region: 'South America', type: 'comprehensive', status: 'proposed', announcedDate: '2023-05-03', scope: ['AI Systems', 'Algorithmic Rights', 'Data Protection'], keyProvisions: [ 'Risk-based classification', 'Rights of affected individuals', 'Mandatory impact assessments for high-risk AI', 'Transparency requirements', ], description: 'Proposed comprehensive AI law (Bill 2338/2023). Under legislative review.', }, // Japan { id: 'jp-ai-guidelines', name: 'AI Governance Guidelines', shortName: 'Japan AI Guidelines', country: 'Japan', region: 'Asia', type: 'voluntary', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2024-04-19', effectiveDate: '2024-04-19', scope: ['AI Governance', 'Business Use', 'Risk Management'], keyProvisions: [ 'Guidelines for AI developers and users', 'Risk management frameworks', 'International cooperation focus', 'Emphasis on innovation', ], description: 'Non-binding guidelines focusing on fostering AI innovation while managing risks.', }, // South Korea { id: 'kr-ai-framework', name: 'AI Ethics Standards and Trust Framework', shortName: 'Korea AI Framework', country: 'South Korea', region: 'Asia', type: 'voluntary', status: 'active', announcedDate: '2023-09-01', effectiveDate: '2023-09-01', scope: ['AI Ethics', 'Trust', 'Governance'], keyProvisions: [ '3 core principles: Human dignity, Social benefit, Technical robustness', 'Self-regulation encouraged', 'Sectoral guidelines', ], description: 'Voluntary framework emphasizing ethical AI development and deployment.', }, ]; // Recent Regulatory Actions & Timeline export const REGULATORY_ACTIONS: RegulatoryAction[] = [ { id: 'action-001', date: '2024-08-01', country: 'European Union', title: 'EU AI Act Enters into Force', type: 'law-passed', regulationId: 'eu-ai-act', description: 'The EU AI Act officially entered into force, starting the 24-month implementation period.', impact: 'high', source: 'European Commission', }, { id: 'action-002', date: '2024-07-01', country: 'United States', title: 'NIST AI Risk Management Framework v1.1 Released', type: 'guideline', description: 'NIST published updated AI Risk Management Framework with enhanced guidance.', impact: 'medium', source: 'NIST', }, { id: 'action-003', date: '2024-01-31', country: 'United States', title: 'White House AI Datacenter Infrastructure EO', type: 'executive-order', description: 'Executive order to streamline permitting for AI datacenter construction.', impact: 'high', source: 'White House', }, { id: 'action-004', date: '2023-11-01', country: 'United Kingdom', title: 'UK AI Safety Summit - Bletchley Declaration', type: 'guideline', description: '28 countries signed declaration on AI safety cooperation and frontier AI risks.', impact: 'high', source: 'UK Government', }, { id: 'action-005', date: '2023-10-30', country: 'United States', title: 'Biden Signs AI Executive Order', type: 'executive-order', regulationId: 'us-eo-14110', description: 'President Biden signed comprehensive executive order on AI safety and security.', impact: 'high', source: 'White House', }, { id: 'action-006', date: '2023-08-15', country: 'China', title: 'Generative AI Rules Take Effect', type: 'law-passed', regulationId: 'cn-generative-ai', description: 'China\'s measures for managing generative AI services became enforceable.', impact: 'high', source: 'CAC', }, { id: 'action-007', date: '2024-05-15', country: 'European Union', title: 'First EU AI Act Penalties Expected', type: 'enforcement', regulationId: 'eu-ai-act', description: 'EU expected to begin enforcement actions for non-compliant AI systems.', impact: 'high', source: 'European Commission', }, ]; // Country Regulatory Profiles export const COUNTRY_REGULATION_PROFILES: CountryRegulationProfile[] = [ { country: 'United States', countryCode: 'US', stance: 'moderate', activeRegulations: ['us-eo-14110', 'us-blueprint-ai-bill-rights'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2024-08-01', summary: 'Sector-specific approach with executive actions. Focus on innovation with safety guardrails.', }, { country: 'European Union', countryCode: 'EU', stance: 'strict', activeRegulations: ['eu-ai-act', 'eu-gdpr'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2024-08-01', summary: 'Comprehensive risk-based regulation. World\'s strictest AI governance framework.', }, { country: 'United Kingdom', countryCode: 'GB', stance: 'permissive', activeRegulations: ['uk-pro-innovation'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2023-12-01', summary: 'Pro-innovation, principles-based approach. Light-touch regulation.', }, { country: 'China', countryCode: 'CN', stance: 'strict', activeRegulations: ['cn-algorithm-regulations', 'cn-generative-ai'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2023-08-15', summary: 'Content-focused regulation aligned with state values. Registration requirements.', }, { country: 'Canada', countryCode: 'CA', stance: 'moderate', activeRegulations: [], proposedRegulations: ['ca-aida'], lastUpdated: '2023-06-01', summary: 'Comprehensive law in development. Risk-based approach similar to EU.', }, { country: 'Singapore', countryCode: 'SG', stance: 'permissive', activeRegulations: ['sg-model-framework'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2020-01-21', summary: 'Voluntary governance framework. Pro-business, innovation-friendly approach.', }, { country: 'Japan', countryCode: 'JP', stance: 'permissive', activeRegulations: ['jp-ai-guidelines'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2024-04-19', summary: 'Non-binding guidelines. Focus on international cooperation and innovation.', }, { country: 'South Korea', countryCode: 'KR', stance: 'permissive', activeRegulations: ['kr-ai-framework'], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2023-09-01', summary: 'Voluntary ethical framework. Self-regulation approach.', }, { country: 'Brazil', countryCode: 'BR', stance: 'moderate', activeRegulations: [], proposedRegulations: ['br-ai-bill'], lastUpdated: '2023-05-03', summary: 'Comprehensive AI law proposed. Under legislative review.', }, { country: 'India', countryCode: 'IN', stance: 'undefined', activeRegulations: [], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2024-01-01', summary: 'No comprehensive AI regulation yet. Sectoral approaches under development.', }, { country: 'Australia', countryCode: 'AU', stance: 'moderate', activeRegulations: [], proposedRegulations: [], lastUpdated: '2023-06-01', summary: 'Voluntary AI Ethics Framework. Mandatory guardrails under consideration.', }, ]; // Helper function to get regulation by ID export function getRegulationById(id: string): AIRegulation | undefined { return AI_REGULATIONS.find(reg => reg.id === id); } // Helper function to get country profile export function getCountryProfile(countryCode: string): CountryRegulationProfile | undefined { return COUNTRY_REGULATION_PROFILES.find(profile => profile.countryCode === countryCode); } // Helper function to get regulations by country export function getRegulationsByCountry(country: string): AIRegulation[] { return AI_REGULATIONS.filter(reg => reg.country === country); } // Helper function to get upcoming compliance deadlines (next 12 months) export function getUpcomingDeadlines(): AIRegulation[] { const now = new Date(); const oneYearFromNow = new Date(); oneYearFromNow.setFullYear(now.getFullYear() + 1); return AI_REGULATIONS .filter(reg => { if (!reg.complianceDeadline) return false; const deadline = new Date(reg.complianceDeadline); return deadline >= now && deadline <= oneYearFromNow; }) .sort((a, b) => { return new Date(a.complianceDeadline!).getTime() - new Date(b.complianceDeadline!).getTime(); }); } // Helper function to get recent regulatory actions (last N months) export function getRecentActions(months: number = 6): RegulatoryAction[] { const cutoffDate = new Date(); cutoffDate.setMonth(cutoffDate.getMonth() - months); return REGULATORY_ACTIONS .filter(action => new Date(action.date) >= cutoffDate) .sort((a, b) => new Date(b.date).getTime() - new Date(a.date).getTime()); }