app.py

import streamlit as st
import pandas as pd
import pydeck as pdk
import math

# --- PAGE CONFIGURATION ---
st.set_page_config(layout="wide", page_title="Frontier AI Emissions Map")

# --- CUSTOM CSS FOR METRICS & STYLE ---
st.markdown("""
<style>
    .metric-card {
        background-color: #1E1E1E;
        border: 1px solid #333;
        border-radius: 8px;
        padding: 15px;
        margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
    .metric-value {
        font-size: 24px;
        font-weight: bold;
        color: #FFFFFF;
    }
    .metric-label {
        font-size: 14px;
        color: #AAAAAA;
    }
    /* Tooltip styling logic happens in PyDeck, but general text style */
    body {
        color: #E0E0E0;
        background-color: #0E1117;
    }
</style>
""", unsafe_allow_html=True)

# --- 1. DATA LOADING & CLEANING ---
@st.cache_data
def load_data():
    try:
        # Load data, skipping the first empty row (header=1 means Row 2 is the header)
        df = pd.read_csv("Frontier AI DC Emissions - Frontier Timeline.csv", header=1)
        
        # Sanitize Headers (removes hidden spaces)
        df.columns = df.columns.str.strip()
        
        # Validation
        required_cols = ['Power (MW)', 'Carbon Intensity', 'Annual Million tCO2']
        missing = [c for c in required_cols if c not in df.columns]
        if missing:
            st.error(f"❌ Missing columns: {missing}. Found columns: {df.columns.tolist()}")
            st.stop()

    except FileNotFoundError:
        st.error("❌ File not found. Please ensure 'Frontier AI DC Emissions - Frontier Timeline.csv' is uploaded.")
        st.stop()

    # --- Data Cleaning ---
    def clean_numeric(val):
        if isinstance(val, str):
            val = val.replace(',', '').replace('"', '').strip()
        return pd.to_numeric(val, errors='coerce')

    df['Power (MW)'] = df['Power (MW)'].apply(clean_numeric)
    df['Carbon Intensity'] = df['Carbon Intensity'].apply(clean_numeric)
    df['Annual Million tCO2'] = df['Annual Million tCO2'].apply(clean_numeric)

    # --- CLEAN OWNER NAMES ---
    # Remove "#confident", "#likely", etc.
    if 'Owner' in df.columns:
        df['Owner'] = df['Owner'].astype(str).str.split('#').str[0].str.strip()

    # --- SIMPLIFY GRID STATUS ---
    # Create a clean category for the filter (Grid vs Off-Grid vs Hybrid)
    def simplify_status(status):
        s = str(status).lower()
        if 'off-grid' in s or 'gas' in s: return "Off-Grid / Fossil"
        elif 'hybrid' in s or 'nuclear' in s: return "Hybrid / Nuclear"
        elif 'grid' in s: return "Grid Connected"
        else: return "Unknown"
    
    df['Simple_Connection'] = df['Grid Status'].apply(simplify_status)

    # --- MATH CHECK ---
    # Formula: MW * 8760 hours * (Intensity kg/MWh / 1000 to get tonnes) / 1,000,000 to get Million Tonnes
    # We calculate this to double-check the CSV's reported numbers
    df['Calculated_Mt'] = (df['Power (MW)'] * 8760 * df['Carbon Intensity']) / 1e9
    
    # Use the Reported number, but normalize it (Handle the 13,093 vs 13.1 issue)
    df['Emissions_Mt'] = df['Annual Million tCO2'].apply(lambda x: x / 1000 if x > 100 else x)
    
    # --- Geocoding (Manual Overrides for missing Lat/Long) ---
    overrides = {
        'Fermi': [35.344, -101.373],       # Amarillo, TX
        'Crane': [40.154, -76.725],        # Three Mile Island
        'CleanArc': [38.005, -77.478],     # Caroline County, VA
        'Vantage': [38.381, -77.495],      # Fredericksburg, VA
        'Stargate': [42.167, -83.850]      # Michigan
    }
    
    for key, coords in overrides.items():
        mask = df['Project'].astype(str).str.contains(key, case=False, na=False)
        df.loc[mask, ['Latitude', 'Longitude']] = coords

    # Parse DMS coordinates
    def dms_to_dd(val):
        if isinstance(val, str) and '°' in val:
            try:
                parts = val.replace('°', ' ').replace("'", ' ').replace('"', ' ').split()
                dd = float(parts[0]) + float(parts[1])/60 + (float(parts[2]) if len(parts)>2 else 0)/3600
                if 'S' in val or 'W' in val: dd *= -1
                return dd
            except: return None
        return val

    for col in ['Latitude', 'Longitude']:
        df[col] = df[col].apply(dms_to_dd)
        df[col] = pd.to_numeric(df[col], errors='coerce')

    df = df.dropna(subset=['Latitude', 'Longitude'])

    # --- Enrichment for Tooltip ---
    # Cars: 1 MtCO2 ≈ 217,000 cars (4.6t/car/yr)
    df['Cars_Equivalent_Millions'] = (df['Emissions_Mt'] * 1_000_000 / 4.6 / 1_000_000).round(2)
    # Coal Plants: 1 Coal Plant ≈ 4.0 MtCO2
    df['Coal_Plants_Equivalent'] = (df['Emissions_Mt'] / 4.0).round(1)

    # Visual Attributes
    def get_color(status):
        s = str(status).lower()
        if 'off-grid' in s or 'gas' in s: return [255, 65, 54, 200]  # Red
        elif 'hybrid' in s or 'nuclear' in s: return [255, 133, 27, 200] # Orange
        else: return [0, 116, 217, 200]  # Blue

    df['color'] = df['Grid Status'].apply(get_color)
    df['radius'] = df['Emissions_Mt'].apply(lambda x: math.sqrt(x) * 15000) 

    return df

df = load_data()

# --- SIDEBAR CONTROLS ---
st.sidebar.header("🌍 Frontier AI Emissions")
st.sidebar.markdown("Filter the map to analyze the carbon footprint of planned AI infrastructure.")

# Filters: Connection Type (Simplified)
# We sort them to ensure consistent order
connection_options = sorted(df['Simple_Connection'].unique())
grid_filter = st.sidebar.multiselect(
    "Connection Type",
    options=connection_options,
    default=connection_options
)

# Filters: Owner (Cleaned)
owner_options = sorted(df['Owner'].unique())
owner_filter = st.sidebar.multiselect(
    "Owner",
    options=owner_options,
    default=owner_options
)

# Apply filters
filtered_df = df[
    (df['Simple_Connection'].isin(grid_filter)) & 
    (df['Owner'].isin(owner_filter))
]

# --- SCORECARD METRICS ---
total_power = filtered_df['Power (MW)'].sum() / 1000 # GW
total_emissions = filtered_df['Emissions_Mt'].sum()
total_cars = filtered_df['Cars_Equivalent_Millions'].sum()
avg_intensity = filtered_df['Carbon Intensity'].mean()

st.sidebar.divider()
st.sidebar.markdown("### 📊 Aggregate Impact")

col1, col2 = st.sidebar.columns(2)
col1.metric("Total Power", f"{total_power:.1f} GW", help="Total capacity of visible projects")
col2.metric("Annual Emissions", f"{total_emissions:.1f} Mt", help="Million Tonnes CO2e/year")

st.sidebar.markdown(f"""
<div class="metric-card">
    <div class="metric-label">🚗 Equivalent Traffic Added</div>
    <div class="metric-value">{total_cars:.1f} Million Cars</div>
</div>
""", unsafe_allow_html=True)

st.sidebar.markdown(f"**Avg Carbon Intensity:** {avg_intensity:.0f} kg/MWh")

# --- MAIN MAP ---
st.title("The Carbon Footprint of Frontier AI")
st.markdown(
    "This map visualizes the annual emissions of major planned AI data centers. "
    "**Bubble size** represents CO₂e emissions. **Color** indicates grid status "
    "(<span style='color:#FF4136'><b>Red = Off-Grid/Fossil</b></span>, <span style='color:#0074D9'><b>Blue = Grid Connected</b></span>).",
    unsafe_allow_html=True
)

# PyDeck Layer
layer = pdk.Layer(
    "ScatterplotLayer",
    filtered_df,
    get_position="[Longitude, Latitude]",
    get_radius="radius",
    get_fill_color="color",
    pickable=True,
    opacity=0.8,
    stroked=True,
    filled=True,
    radius_min_pixels=5,
    radius_max_pixels=100,
    line_width_min_pixels=1,
    get_line_color=[0, 0, 0],
)

# Tooltip (Updated for Data Center Name & Subscript)
tooltip = {
    "html": """
        <div style="font-family: sans-serif; padding: 8px; color: white; max-width: 250px;">
            <h4 style="margin:0; padding-bottom:5px;">{Data Center Name}</h4>
            <hr style="border-top: 1px solid #555; margin: 5px 0;">
            <b>Owner:</b> {Owner}<br/>
            <b>Power:</b> {Power (MW)} MW<br/>
            <b>Status:</b> {Simple_Connection}<br/>
            <br/>
            <b style="font-size: 1.1em; color: #ffcccb;">Emissions: {Emissions_Mt} MtCO<sub>2</sub>e</b><br/>
            <i style="font-size: 0.8em; color: #ccc;">(Intensity: {Carbon Intensity} kg/MWh)</i>
            <hr style="border-top: 1px dashed #555; margin: 5px 0;">
            <b>🚗 Equal to:</b> {Cars_Equivalent_Millions} Million Cars<br/>
            <b>🏭 Equal to:</b> {Coal_Plants_Equivalent} Coal Power Plants
        </div>
    """,
    "style": {
        "backgroundColor": "#1E1E1E",
        "border": "1px solid #333",
        "borderRadius": "8px",
        "color": "white",
        "zIndex": "1000"
    }
}

# Render Map
# FIX: Removed 'mapbox://' style to prevent black screen. 
# Using map_style=None uses the default adaptable map.
st.pydeck_chart(pdk.Deck(
    map_style=None, 
    initial_view_state=pdk.ViewState(
        latitude=39.8,
        longitude=-98.6,
        zoom=3.5,
        pitch=0,
    ),
    layers=[layer],
    tooltip=tooltip
))

# --- FOOTER / SOURCE ---
st.markdown("---")
st.caption(
    "**Methodology:** Emissions calculated based on publicly stated power capacity (MW) and regional/source-specific carbon intensity. "
    "Car equivalents assume 4.6 metric tonnes CO₂e per passenger vehicle per year (EPA). "
    "Coal plant equivalent assumes ~4.0 MtCO₂e/year for a typical plant."
)