Dockerfile

# Start from the official n8n image
FROM n8nio/n8n:latest

# Switch to the root user temporarily to gain permissions
USER root

# Create the data directory (if it doesn't exist) and
# change its owner to the 'node' user, which is what n8n runs as.
# The -R flag means "recursively", applying to all sub-folders.
RUN mkdir -p /data/n8n_data && chown -R node:node /data

# Switch back to the non-root 'node' user for security before running the app
USER node