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# Copyright 2024 Bytedance Ltd. and/or its affiliates
# Copyright 2023-2024 SGLang Team
# Copyright 2025 ModelBest Inc. and/or its affiliates
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
FSDP PPO Trainer with Ray-based single controller.
This trainer supports model-agonistic model initialization with huggingface
"""
import json
import os
import uuid
from collections import defaultdict
from contextlib import contextmanager
from copy import deepcopy
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from enum import Enum
from pprint import pprint
from typing import Dict, Optional, Type
import numpy as np
import ray
import torch
from codetiming import Timer
from omegaconf import OmegaConf, open_dict
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, Sampler
from torchdata.stateful_dataloader import StatefulDataLoader
from tqdm import tqdm
from verl import DataProto
from verl.protocol import pad_dataproto_to_divisor, unpad_dataproto
from verl.single_controller.base import Worker
from verl.single_controller.ray import RayClassWithInitArgs, RayResourcePool, RayWorkerGroup
from verl.single_controller.ray.base import create_colocated_worker_cls
from verl.trainer.ppo import core_algos
from verl.trainer.ppo.core_algos import agg_loss
from verl.trainer.ppo.metric_utils import (
compute_data_metrics,
compute_throughout_metrics,
compute_timing_metrics,
process_validation_metrics,
)
from verl.trainer.ppo.reward import compute_reward, compute_reward_async
from verl.utils.checkpoint.checkpoint_manager import find_latest_ckpt_path
from verl.utils.metric import (
reduce_metrics,
)
from verl.utils.seqlen_balancing import get_seqlen_balanced_partitions, log_seqlen_unbalance
from verl.utils.torch_functional import masked_mean
from verl.utils.tracking import ValidationGenerationsLogger
from verl.workers.rollout.async_server import AsyncLLMServerManager
WorkerType = Type[Worker]
class Role(Enum):
"""
To create more roles dynamically, you can subclass Role and add new members
"""
Actor = 0
Rollout = 1
ActorRollout = 2
Critic = 3
RefPolicy = 4
RewardModel = 5
ActorRolloutRef = 6
class AdvantageEstimator(str, Enum):
"""
Using an enumeration class to avoid spelling errors in adv_estimator
"""
GAE = "gae"
GRPO = "grpo"
REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS = "reinforce_plus_plus"
REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS_BASELINE = "reinforce_plus_plus_baseline"
REMAX = "remax"
RLOO = "rloo"
@dataclass
class ResourcePoolManager:
"""
Define a resource pool specification. Resource pool will be initialized first.
"""
resource_pool_spec: dict[str, list[int]]
mapping: dict[Role, str]
resource_pool_dict: dict[str, RayResourcePool] = field(default_factory=dict)
def create_resource_pool(self):
for resource_pool_name, process_on_nodes in self.resource_pool_spec.items():
# max_colocate_count means the number of WorkerGroups (i.e. processes) in each RayResourcePool
# For FSDP backend, we recommend using max_colocate_count=1 that merge all WorkerGroups into one.
# For Megatron backend, we recommend using max_colocate_count>1
# that can utilize different WorkerGroup for differnt models
resource_pool = RayResourcePool(process_on_nodes=process_on_nodes, use_gpu=True, max_colocate_count=1, name_prefix=resource_pool_name)
self.resource_pool_dict[resource_pool_name] = resource_pool
self._check_resource_available()
def get_resource_pool(self, role: Role) -> RayResourcePool:
"""Get the resource pool of the worker_cls"""
return self.resource_pool_dict[self.mapping[role]]
def get_n_gpus(self) -> int:
"""Get the number of gpus in this cluster."""
return sum([n_gpus for process_on_nodes in self.resource_pool_spec.values() for n_gpus in process_on_nodes])
def _check_resource_available(self):
"""Check if the resource pool can be satisfied in this ray cluster."""
node_available_resources = ray.state.available_resources_per_node()
node_available_gpus = {node: node_info.get("GPU", 0) for node, node_info in node_available_resources.items()}
# check total required gpus can be satisfied
total_available_gpus = sum(node_available_gpus.values())
total_required_gpus = sum([n_gpus for process_on_nodes in self.resource_pool_spec.values() for n_gpus in process_on_nodes])
if total_available_gpus < total_required_gpus:
raise ValueError(f"Total available GPUs {total_available_gpus} is less than total desired GPUs {total_required_gpus}")
# check each resource pool can be satisfied, O(#resource_pools * #nodes)
for resource_pool_name, process_on_nodes in self.resource_pool_spec.items():
num_gpus, num_nodes = process_on_nodes[0], len(process_on_nodes)
for node, available_gpus in node_available_gpus.items():
if available_gpus >= num_gpus:
node_available_gpus[node] -= num_gpus
num_nodes -= 1
if num_nodes == 0:
break
if num_nodes > 0:
raise ValueError(f"Resource pool {resource_pool_name}: {num_gpus}*{num_nodes}" + "cannot be satisfied in this ray cluster")
def apply_kl_penalty(data: DataProto, kl_ctrl: core_algos.AdaptiveKLController, kl_penalty="kl", multi_turn=False):
responses = data.batch["responses"]
response_length = responses.size(1)
token_level_scores = data.batch["token_level_scores"]
batch_size = data.batch.batch_size[0]
if multi_turn:
loss_mask = data.batch["loss_mask"]
response_mask = loss_mask[:, -response_length:]
else:
attention_mask = data.batch["attention_mask"]
response_mask = attention_mask[:, -response_length:]
# compute kl between ref_policy and current policy
# When apply_kl_penalty, algorithm.use_kl_in_reward=True, so the reference model has been enabled.
kld = core_algos.kl_penalty(data.batch["old_log_probs"], data.batch["ref_log_prob"], kl_penalty=kl_penalty) # (batch_size, response_length)
kld = kld * response_mask
beta = kl_ctrl.value
token_level_rewards = token_level_scores - beta * kld
current_kl = masked_mean(kld, mask=response_mask, axis=-1) # average over sequence
current_kl = torch.mean(current_kl, dim=0).item()
# according to https://github.com/huggingface/trl/blob/951ca1841f29114b969b57b26c7d3e80a39f75a0/trl/trainer/ppo_trainer.py#L837
kl_ctrl.update(current_kl=current_kl, n_steps=batch_size)
data.batch["token_level_rewards"] = token_level_rewards
metrics = {"actor/reward_kl_penalty": current_kl, "actor/reward_kl_penalty_coeff": beta}
return data, metrics
def compute_response_mask(data: DataProto):
responses = data.batch["responses"]
response_length = responses.size(1)
attention_mask = data.batch["attention_mask"]
return attention_mask[:, -response_length:]
def compute_advantage(data: DataProto, adv_estimator, gamma=1.0, lam=1.0, num_repeat=1, multi_turn=False, norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo=True):
# Back-compatible with trainers that do not compute response mask in fit
if "response_mask" not in data.batch:
data.batch["response_mask"] = compute_response_mask(data)
# prepare response group
# TODO: add other ways to estimate advantages
if adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.GAE:
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_gae_advantage_return(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
values=data.batch["values"],
response_mask=data.batch["response_mask"],
gamma=gamma,
lam=lam,
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
elif adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.GRPO:
# TODO: test on more adv estimator type
grpo_calculation_mask = data.batch["response_mask"]
if multi_turn:
# If multi-turn, replace the mask with the relevant part of loss_mask
response_length = grpo_calculation_mask.size(1) # Get length from the initial response mask
grpo_calculation_mask = data.batch["loss_mask"][:, -response_length:] # This mask is the one intended for GRPO
# Call compute_grpo_outcome_advantage with parameters matching its definition
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_grpo_outcome_advantage(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
response_mask=grpo_calculation_mask,
index=data.non_tensor_batch["uid"],
norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo=norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo,
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
elif adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS_BASELINE:
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_reinforce_plus_plus_baseline_outcome_advantage(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
response_mask=data.batch["response_mask"],
index=data.non_tensor_batch["uid"],
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
elif adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS:
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_reinforce_plus_plus_outcome_advantage(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
response_mask=data.batch["response_mask"],
gamma=gamma,
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
elif adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.REMAX:
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_remax_outcome_advantage(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
reward_baselines=data.batch["reward_baselines"],
response_mask=data.batch["response_mask"],
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
elif adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.RLOO:
advantages, returns = core_algos.compute_rloo_outcome_advantage(
token_level_rewards=data.batch["token_level_rewards"],
response_mask=data.batch["response_mask"],
index=data.non_tensor_batch["uid"],
)
data.batch["advantages"] = advantages
data.batch["returns"] = returns
else:
raise NotImplementedError
return data
@contextmanager
def _timer(name: str, timing_raw: Dict[str, float]):
with Timer(name=name, logger=None) as timer:
yield
if name not in timing_raw:
timing_raw[name] = 0
timing_raw[name] += timer.last
class RayPPOTrainer:
"""
Note that this trainer runs on the driver process on a single CPU/GPU node.
"""
# TODO: support each role have individual ray_worker_group_cls,
# i.e., support different backend of different role
def __init__(
self,
config,
tokenizer,
role_worker_mapping: dict[Role, WorkerType],
resource_pool_manager: ResourcePoolManager,
ray_worker_group_cls: RayWorkerGroup = RayWorkerGroup,
processor=None,
reward_fn=None,
val_reward_fn=None,
train_dataset: Optional[Dataset] = None,
val_dataset: Optional[Dataset] = None,
collate_fn=None,
train_sampler: Optional[Sampler] = None,
):
# assert torch.cuda.is_available(), 'cuda must be available on driver'
self.tokenizer = tokenizer
self.processor = processor
self.config = config
self.reward_fn = reward_fn
self.val_reward_fn = val_reward_fn
self.hybrid_engine = config.actor_rollout_ref.hybrid_engine
assert self.hybrid_engine, "Currently, only support hybrid engine"
if self.hybrid_engine:
assert Role.ActorRollout in role_worker_mapping, f"{role_worker_mapping.keys()=}"
self.role_worker_mapping = role_worker_mapping
self.resource_pool_manager = resource_pool_manager
self.use_reference_policy = Role.RefPolicy in role_worker_mapping
self.use_rm = Role.RewardModel in role_worker_mapping
self.ray_worker_group_cls = ray_worker_group_cls
self.validation_generations_logger = ValidationGenerationsLogger()
# define in-reward KL control
# kl loss control currently not suppoorted
if config.algorithm.use_kl_in_reward:
self.kl_ctrl_in_reward = core_algos.get_kl_controller(config.algorithm.kl_ctrl)
if self.config.algorithm.adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.GAE:
self.use_critic = True
elif self.config.algorithm.adv_estimator in [
AdvantageEstimator.GRPO,
AdvantageEstimator.REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS,
AdvantageEstimator.REMAX,
AdvantageEstimator.RLOO,
AdvantageEstimator.REINFORCE_PLUS_PLUS_BASELINE,
]:
self.use_critic = False
else:
raise NotImplementedError
self._validate_config()
self._create_dataloader(train_dataset, val_dataset, collate_fn, train_sampler)
def _validate_config(self):
config = self.config
# number of GPUs total
n_gpus = config.trainer.n_gpus_per_node * config.trainer.nnodes
# 1. Check total batch size for data correctness
real_train_batch_size = config.data.train_batch_size * config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.n
assert real_train_batch_size % n_gpus == 0, f"real_train_batch_size ({real_train_batch_size}) must be divisible by total n_gpus ({n_gpus})."
# A helper function to check "micro_batch_size" vs "micro_batch_size_per_gpu"
# We throw an error if the user sets both. The new convention is "..._micro_batch_size_per_gpu".
def check_mutually_exclusive(mbs, mbs_per_gpu, name: str):
settings = {
"actor_rollout_ref.actor": "micro_batch_size",
"critic": "micro_batch_size",
"reward_model": "micro_batch_size",
"actor_rollout_ref.ref": "log_prob_micro_batch_size",
"actor_rollout_ref.rollout": "log_prob_micro_batch_size",
}
if name in settings:
param = settings[name]
param_per_gpu = f"{param}_per_gpu"
if mbs is None and mbs_per_gpu is None:
raise ValueError(f"[{name}] Please set at least one of '{name}.{param}' or '{name}.{param_per_gpu}'.")
if mbs is not None and mbs_per_gpu is not None:
raise ValueError(f"[{name}] You have set both '{name}.{param}' AND '{name}.{param_per_gpu}'. Please remove '{name}.{param}' because only '*_{param_per_gpu}'" + "is supported (the former is deprecated).")
if not config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.use_dynamic_bsz:
# actor: ppo_micro_batch_size vs. ppo_micro_batch_size_per_gpu
check_mutually_exclusive(
config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_micro_batch_size,
config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_micro_batch_size_per_gpu,
"actor_rollout_ref.actor",
)
if self.use_reference_policy:
# reference: log_prob_micro_batch_size vs. log_prob_micro_batch_size_per_gpu
check_mutually_exclusive(
config.actor_rollout_ref.ref.log_prob_micro_batch_size,
config.actor_rollout_ref.ref.log_prob_micro_batch_size_per_gpu,
"actor_rollout_ref.ref",
)
# The rollout section also has log_prob_micro_batch_size vs. log_prob_micro_batch_size_per_gpu
check_mutually_exclusive(
config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.log_prob_micro_batch_size,
config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.log_prob_micro_batch_size_per_gpu,
"actor_rollout_ref.rollout",
)
if self.use_critic and not config.critic.use_dynamic_bsz:
# Check for critic micro-batch size conflicts
check_mutually_exclusive(config.critic.ppo_micro_batch_size, config.critic.ppo_micro_batch_size_per_gpu, "critic")
# Check for reward model micro-batch size conflicts
if config.reward_model.enable and not config.reward_model.use_dynamic_bsz:
check_mutually_exclusive(config.reward_model.micro_batch_size, config.reward_model.micro_batch_size_per_gpu, "reward_model")
# Actor
# check if train_batch_size is larger than ppo_mini_batch_size
# if NOT dynamic_bsz, we must ensure:
# ppo_mini_batch_size is divisible by ppo_micro_batch_size
# ppo_micro_batch_size * sequence_parallel_size >= n_gpus
if not config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.use_dynamic_bsz:
assert config.data.train_batch_size >= config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_mini_batch_size
sp_size = config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.get("ulysses_sequence_parallel_size", 1)
if config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_micro_batch_size is not None:
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_mini_batch_size % config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_micro_batch_size == 0
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.ppo_micro_batch_size * sp_size >= n_gpus
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.loss_agg_mode in [
"token-mean",
"seq-mean-token-sum",
"seq-mean-token-mean",
"seq-mean-token-sum-norm",
], f"Invalid loss_agg_mode: {config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.loss_agg_mode}"
if config.algorithm.use_kl_in_reward and config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.use_kl_loss:
print("NOTICE: You have both enabled in-reward kl and kl loss.")
# critic
if self.use_critic and not config.critic.use_dynamic_bsz:
assert config.data.train_batch_size >= config.critic.ppo_mini_batch_size
sp_size = config.critic.get("ulysses_sequence_parallel_size", 1)
if config.critic.ppo_micro_batch_size is not None:
assert config.critic.ppo_mini_batch_size % config.critic.ppo_micro_batch_size == 0
assert config.critic.ppo_micro_batch_size * sp_size >= n_gpus
# Check if use_remove_padding is enabled when using sequence parallelism for fsdp
if config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.strategy == "fsdp" and (config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.get("ulysses_sequence_parallel_size", 1) > 1 or config.actor_rollout_ref.ref.get("ulysses_sequence_parallel_size", 1) > 1):
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.model.use_remove_padding, "When using sequence parallelism for actor/ref policy, you must enable `use_remove_padding`."
if self.use_critic and config.critic.strategy == "fsdp":
if config.critic.get("ulysses_sequence_parallel_size", 1) > 1:
assert config.critic.model.use_remove_padding, "When using sequence parallelism for critic, you must enable `use_remove_padding`."
if config.data.get("val_batch_size", None) is not None:
print("WARNING: val_batch_size is deprecated." + " Validation datasets are sent to inference engines as a whole batch," + " which will schedule the memory themselves.")
# check eval config
if config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.val_kwargs.do_sample:
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.temperature > 0, "validation gen temperature should be greater than 0 when enabling do_sample"
# check multi_turn with tool config
if config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.multi_turn.enable:
assert config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.multi_turn.tool_config_path is not None, "tool_config_path must be set when enabling multi_turn with tool, due to no role-playing support"
assert config.algorithm.adv_estimator in [AdvantageEstimator.GRPO], "only GRPO is tested for multi-turn with tool"
print("[validate_config] All configuration checks passed successfully!")
def _create_dataloader(self, train_dataset, val_dataset, collate_fn, train_sampler):
"""
Creates the train and validation dataloaders.
"""
# TODO: we have to make sure the batch size is divisible by the dp size
from verl.trainer.main_ppo import create_rl_dataset, create_rl_sampler
if train_dataset is None:
train_dataset = create_rl_dataset(self.config.data.train_files, self.config.data, self.tokenizer, self.processor)
if val_dataset is None:
val_dataset = create_rl_dataset(self.config.data.val_files, self.config.data, self.tokenizer, self.processor)
self.train_dataset, self.val_dataset = train_dataset, val_dataset
if train_sampler is None:
train_sampler = create_rl_sampler(self.config.data, self.train_dataset)
if collate_fn is None:
from verl.utils.dataset.rl_dataset import collate_fn as default_collate_fn
collate_fn = default_collate_fn
self.train_dataloader = StatefulDataLoader(
dataset=self.train_dataset,
batch_size=self.config.data.get("gen_batch_size", self.config.data.train_batch_size),
num_workers=self.config.data.get("dataloader_num_workers", 8),
drop_last=True,
collate_fn=collate_fn,
sampler=train_sampler,
)
val_batch_size = self.config.data.val_batch_size # Prefer config value if set
if val_batch_size is None:
val_batch_size = len(self.val_dataset)
self.val_dataloader = StatefulDataLoader(
dataset=self.val_dataset,
batch_size=val_batch_size,
num_workers=self.config.data.get("dataloader_num_workers", 8),
shuffle=False,
drop_last=False,
collate_fn=collate_fn,
)
assert len(self.train_dataloader) >= 1, "Train dataloader is empty!"
assert len(self.val_dataloader) >= 1, "Validation dataloader is empty!"
print(f"Size of train dataloader: {len(self.train_dataloader)}, Size of val dataloader: {len(self.val_dataloader)}")
total_training_steps = len(self.train_dataloader) * self.config.trainer.total_epochs
if self.config.trainer.total_training_steps is not None:
total_training_steps = self.config.trainer.total_training_steps
self.total_training_steps = total_training_steps
print(f"Total training steps: {self.total_training_steps}")
try:
OmegaConf.set_struct(self.config, True)
with open_dict(self.config):
if OmegaConf.select(self.config, "actor_rollout_ref.actor.optim"):
self.config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.optim.total_training_steps = total_training_steps
if OmegaConf.select(self.config, "critic.optim"):
self.config.critic.optim.total_training_steps = total_training_steps
except Exception as e:
print(f"Warning: Could not set total_training_steps in config. Structure missing? Error: {e}")
def _dump_generations(self, inputs, outputs, scores, reward_extra_infos_dict, dump_path):
"""Dump rollout/validation samples as JSONL."""
os.makedirs(dump_path, exist_ok=True)
filename = os.path.join(dump_path, f"{self.global_steps}.jsonl")
n = len(inputs)
base_data = {
"input": inputs,
"output": outputs,
"score": scores,
"step": [self.global_steps] * n,
}
for k, v in reward_extra_infos_dict.items():
if len(v) == n:
base_data[k] = v
with open(filename, "w") as f:
for i in range(n):
entry = {k: v[i] for k, v in base_data.items()}
f.write(json.dumps(entry, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n")
print(f"Dumped generations to {filename}")
def _maybe_log_val_generations(self, inputs, outputs, scores):
"""Log a table of validation samples to the configured logger (wandb or swanlab)"""
generations_to_log = self.config.trainer.log_val_generations
if generations_to_log == 0:
return
import numpy as np
# Create tuples of (input, output, score) and sort by input text
samples = list(zip(inputs, outputs, scores))
samples.sort(key=lambda x: x[0]) # Sort by input text
# Use fixed random seed for deterministic shuffling
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
rng.shuffle(samples)
# Take first N samples after shuffling
samples = samples[:generations_to_log]
# Log to each configured logger
self.validation_generations_logger.log(self.config.trainer.logger, samples, self.global_steps)
def _validate(self):
data_source_lst = []
reward_extra_infos_dict: dict[str, list] = defaultdict(list)
# Lists to collect samples for the table
sample_inputs = []
sample_outputs = []
sample_scores = []
for test_data in self.val_dataloader:
test_batch = DataProto.from_single_dict(test_data)
# repeat test batch
test_batch = test_batch.repeat(repeat_times=self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.val_kwargs.n, interleave=True)
# we only do validation on rule-based rm
if self.config.reward_model.enable and test_batch[0].non_tensor_batch["reward_model"]["style"] == "model":
return {}
# Store original inputs
input_ids = test_batch.batch["input_ids"]
# TODO: Can we keep special tokens except for padding tokens?
input_texts = [self.tokenizer.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in input_ids]
sample_inputs.extend(input_texts)
batch_keys_to_pop = ["input_ids", "attention_mask", "position_ids"]
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop = ["raw_prompt_ids"]
if "multi_modal_inputs" in test_batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.extend(["multi_modal_data", "multi_modal_inputs"])
if "raw_prompt" in test_batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.append("raw_prompt")
if "tools_kwargs" in test_batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.append("tools_kwargs")
test_gen_batch = test_batch.pop(
batch_keys=batch_keys_to_pop,
non_tensor_batch_keys=non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop,
)
test_gen_batch.meta_info = {
"eos_token_id": self.tokenizer.eos_token_id,
"pad_token_id": self.tokenizer.pad_token_id,
"recompute_log_prob": False,
"do_sample": self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.val_kwargs.do_sample,
"validate": True,
}
print(f"test_gen_batch meta info: {test_gen_batch.meta_info}")
# pad to be divisible by dp_size
test_gen_batch_padded, pad_size = pad_dataproto_to_divisor(test_gen_batch, self.actor_rollout_wg.world_size)
if not self.async_rollout_mode:
test_output_gen_batch_padded = self.actor_rollout_wg.generate_sequences(test_gen_batch_padded)
else:
self.async_rollout_manager.wake_up()
test_output_gen_batch_padded = self.async_rollout_manager.generate_sequences(test_gen_batch_padded)
self.async_rollout_manager.sleep()
# unpad
test_output_gen_batch = unpad_dataproto(test_output_gen_batch_padded, pad_size=pad_size)
print("validation generation end")
# Store generated outputs
output_ids = test_output_gen_batch.batch["responses"]
output_texts = [self.tokenizer.decode(ids, skip_special_tokens=True) for ids in output_ids]
sample_outputs.extend(output_texts)
test_batch = test_batch.union(test_output_gen_batch)
# evaluate using reward_function
result = self.val_reward_fn(test_batch, return_dict=True)
reward_tensor = result["reward_tensor"]
scores = reward_tensor.sum(-1).cpu().tolist()
sample_scores.extend(scores)
print("val-scores in batch: ", scores)
reward_extra_infos_dict["reward"].extend(scores)
if "reward_extra_info" in result:
for key, lst in result["reward_extra_info"].items():
reward_extra_infos_dict[key].extend(lst)
data_source_lst.append(test_batch.non_tensor_batch.get("data_source", ["unknown"] * reward_tensor.shape[0]))
self._maybe_log_val_generations(inputs=sample_inputs, outputs=sample_outputs, scores=sample_scores)
# dump generations
val_data_dir = self.config.trainer.get("validation_data_dir", None)
if val_data_dir:
self._dump_generations(
inputs=sample_inputs,
outputs=sample_outputs,
scores=sample_scores,
reward_extra_infos_dict=reward_extra_infos_dict,
dump_path=val_data_dir,
)
for key_info, lst in reward_extra_infos_dict.items():
assert len(lst) == 0 or len(lst) == len(sample_scores), f"{key_info}: {len(lst)=}, {len(sample_scores)=}"
data_sources = np.concatenate(data_source_lst, axis=0)
data_src2var2metric2val = process_validation_metrics(data_sources, sample_inputs, reward_extra_infos_dict)
metric_dict = {}
for data_source, var2metric2val in data_src2var2metric2val.items():
core_var = "acc" if "acc" in var2metric2val else "reward"
for var_name, metric2val in var2metric2val.items():
n_max = max([int(name.split("@")[-1].split("/")[0]) for name in metric2val.keys()])
for metric_name, metric_val in metric2val.items():
if (var_name == core_var) and any(metric_name.startswith(pfx) for pfx in ["mean", "maj", "best"]) and (f"@{n_max}" in metric_name):
metric_sec = "val-core"
else:
metric_sec = "val-aux"
pfx = f"{metric_sec}/{data_source}/{var_name}/{metric_name}"
metric_dict[pfx] = metric_val
return metric_dict
def init_workers(self):
"""Init resource pool and worker group"""
self.resource_pool_manager.create_resource_pool()
self.resource_pool_to_cls = {pool: {} for pool in self.resource_pool_manager.resource_pool_dict.values()}
# create actor and rollout
if self.hybrid_engine:
resource_pool = self.resource_pool_manager.get_resource_pool(Role.ActorRollout)
actor_rollout_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(
cls=self.role_worker_mapping[Role.ActorRollout],
config=self.config.actor_rollout_ref,
role="actor_rollout",
)
self.resource_pool_to_cls[resource_pool]["actor_rollout"] = actor_rollout_cls
else:
raise NotImplementedError
# create critic
if self.use_critic:
resource_pool = self.resource_pool_manager.get_resource_pool(Role.Critic)
critic_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(cls=self.role_worker_mapping[Role.Critic], config=self.config.critic)
self.resource_pool_to_cls[resource_pool]["critic"] = critic_cls
# create reference policy if needed
if self.use_reference_policy:
resource_pool = self.resource_pool_manager.get_resource_pool(Role.RefPolicy)
ref_policy_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(self.role_worker_mapping[Role.RefPolicy], config=self.config.actor_rollout_ref, role="ref")
self.resource_pool_to_cls[resource_pool]["ref"] = ref_policy_cls
# create a reward model if reward_fn is None
if self.use_rm:
# we create a RM here
resource_pool = self.resource_pool_manager.get_resource_pool(Role.RewardModel)
rm_cls = RayClassWithInitArgs(self.role_worker_mapping[Role.RewardModel], config=self.config.reward_model)
self.resource_pool_to_cls[resource_pool]["rm"] = rm_cls
# initialize WorkerGroup
# NOTE: if you want to use a different resource pool for each role, which can support different parallel size,
# you should not use `create_colocated_worker_cls`.
# Instead, directly pass different resource pool to different worker groups.
# See https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/master/examples/ray/tutorial.ipynb for more information.
all_wg = {}
wg_kwargs = {} # Setting up kwargs for RayWorkerGroup
if OmegaConf.select(self.config.trainer, "ray_wait_register_center_timeout") is not None:
wg_kwargs["ray_wait_register_center_timeout"] = self.config.trainer.ray_wait_register_center_timeout
for resource_pool, class_dict in self.resource_pool_to_cls.items():
worker_dict_cls = create_colocated_worker_cls(class_dict=class_dict)
wg_dict = self.ray_worker_group_cls(resource_pool=resource_pool, ray_cls_with_init=worker_dict_cls, **wg_kwargs)
spawn_wg = wg_dict.spawn(prefix_set=class_dict.keys())
all_wg.update(spawn_wg)
if self.use_critic:
self.critic_wg = all_wg["critic"]
self.critic_wg.init_model()
if self.use_reference_policy:
self.ref_policy_wg = all_wg["ref"]
self.ref_policy_wg.init_model()
if self.use_rm:
self.rm_wg = all_wg["rm"]
self.rm_wg.init_model()
# we should create rollout at the end so that vllm can have a better estimation of kv cache memory
self.actor_rollout_wg = all_wg["actor_rollout"]
self.actor_rollout_wg.init_model()
# create async rollout manager and request scheduler
self.async_rollout_mode = False
if self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.mode == "async":
self.async_rollout_mode = True
self.async_rollout_manager = AsyncLLMServerManager(
config=self.config.actor_rollout_ref,
worker_group=self.actor_rollout_wg,
)
def _save_checkpoint(self):
# path: given_path + `/global_step_{global_steps}` + `/actor`
local_global_step_folder = os.path.join(self.config.trainer.default_local_dir, f"global_step_{self.global_steps}")
print(f"local_global_step_folder: {local_global_step_folder}")
actor_remote_path = None if self.config.trainer.default_hdfs_dir is None else os.path.join(self.config.trainer.default_hdfs_dir, f"global_step_{self.global_steps}", "actor")
remove_previous_ckpt_in_save = self.config.trainer.get("remove_previous_ckpt_in_save", False)
if remove_previous_ckpt_in_save:
print("Warning: remove_previous_ckpt_in_save is deprecated," + " set max_actor_ckpt_to_keep=1 and max_critic_ckpt_to_keep=1 instead")
max_actor_ckpt_to_keep = self.config.trainer.get("max_actor_ckpt_to_keep", None) if not remove_previous_ckpt_in_save else 1
max_critic_ckpt_to_keep = self.config.trainer.get("max_critic_ckpt_to_keep", None) if not remove_previous_ckpt_in_save else 1
self.actor_rollout_wg.save_checkpoint(local_global_step_folder, actor_remote_path, self.global_steps, max_ckpt_to_keep=max_actor_ckpt_to_keep)
if self.use_critic:
critic_local_path = os.path.join(local_global_step_folder, "critic")
critic_remote_path = None if self.config.trainer.default_hdfs_dir is None else os.path.join(self.config.trainer.default_hdfs_dir, f"global_step_{self.global_steps}", "critic")
self.critic_wg.save_checkpoint(critic_local_path, critic_remote_path, self.global_steps, max_ckpt_to_keep=max_critic_ckpt_to_keep)
# save dataloader
dataloader_local_path = os.path.join(local_global_step_folder, "data.pt")
dataloader_state_dict = self.train_dataloader.state_dict()
torch.save(dataloader_state_dict, dataloader_local_path)
# # latest checkpointed iteration tracker (for atomic usage)
# local_latest_checkpointed_iteration = os.path.join(self.config.trainer.default_local_dir, "latest_checkpointed_iteration.txt")
# with open(local_latest_checkpointed_iteration, "w") as f:
# f.write(str(self.global_steps))
def _load_checkpoint(self):
if self.config.trainer.resume_mode == "disable":
return 0
# load from hdfs
if self.config.trainer.default_hdfs_dir is not None:
raise NotImplementedError("load from hdfs is not implemented yet")
else:
checkpoint_folder = self.config.trainer.default_local_dir # TODO: check path
if not os.path.isabs(checkpoint_folder):
working_dir = os.getcwd()
checkpoint_folder = os.path.join(working_dir, checkpoint_folder)
global_step_folder = find_latest_ckpt_path(checkpoint_folder) # None if no latest
# find global_step_folder
if self.config.trainer.resume_mode == "auto":
if global_step_folder is None:
print("Training from scratch")
return 0
else:
if self.config.trainer.resume_mode == "resume_path":
assert isinstance(self.config.trainer.resume_from_path, str), "resume ckpt must be str type"
assert "global_step_" in self.config.trainer.resume_from_path, "resume ckpt must specify the global_steps"
global_step_folder = self.config.trainer.resume_from_path
if not os.path.isabs(global_step_folder):
working_dir = os.getcwd()
global_step_folder = os.path.join(working_dir, global_step_folder)
print(f"Load from checkpoint folder: {global_step_folder}")
# set global step
self.global_steps = int(global_step_folder.split("global_step_")[-1])
print(f"Setting global step to {self.global_steps}")
print(f"Resuming from {global_step_folder}")
actor_path = os.path.join(global_step_folder, "actor")
critic_path = os.path.join(global_step_folder, "critic")
# load actor
self.actor_rollout_wg.load_checkpoint(actor_path, del_local_after_load=self.config.trainer.del_local_ckpt_after_load)
# load critic
if self.use_critic:
self.critic_wg.load_checkpoint(critic_path, del_local_after_load=self.config.trainer.del_local_ckpt_after_load)
# load dataloader,
# TODO: from remote not implemented yet
dataloader_local_path = os.path.join(global_step_folder, "data.pt")
if os.path.exists(dataloader_local_path):
dataloader_state_dict = torch.load(dataloader_local_path, weights_only=False)
self.train_dataloader.load_state_dict(dataloader_state_dict)
else:
print(f"Warning: No dataloader state found at {dataloader_local_path}, will start from scratch")
def _balance_batch(self, batch: DataProto, metrics, logging_prefix="global_seqlen"):
"""Reorder the data on single controller such that each dp rank gets similar total tokens"""
attention_mask = batch.batch["attention_mask"]
batch_size = attention_mask.shape[0]
global_seqlen_lst = batch.batch["attention_mask"].view(batch_size, -1).sum(-1).tolist() # (train_batch_size,)
world_size = self.actor_rollout_wg.world_size
global_partition_lst = get_seqlen_balanced_partitions(global_seqlen_lst, k_partitions=world_size, equal_size=True)
# reorder based on index. The data will be automatically equally partitioned by dispatch function
global_idx = torch.tensor([j for partition in global_partition_lst for j in partition])
batch.reorder(global_idx)
global_balance_stats = log_seqlen_unbalance(seqlen_list=global_seqlen_lst, partitions=global_partition_lst, prefix=logging_prefix)
metrics.update(global_balance_stats)
def fit(self):
"""
The training loop of PPO.
The driver process only need to call the compute functions of the worker group through RPC
to construct the PPO dataflow.
The light-weight advantage computation is done on the driver process.
"""
from omegaconf import OmegaConf
from verl.utils.tracking import Tracking
logger = Tracking(
project_name=self.config.trainer.project_name,
experiment_name=self.config.trainer.experiment_name,
default_backend=self.config.trainer.logger,
config=OmegaConf.to_container(self.config, resolve=True),
)
self.global_steps = 0
# load checkpoint before doing anything
# perform validation before training
# currently, we only support validation using the reward_function.
if self.val_reward_fn is not None and self.config.trainer.get("val_before_train", True):
val_metrics = self._validate()
assert val_metrics, f"{val_metrics=}"
pprint(f"Initial validation metrics: {val_metrics}")
logger.log(data=val_metrics, step=self.global_steps)
if self.config.trainer.get("val_only", False):
return
# add tqdm
progress_bar = tqdm(total=self.total_training_steps, initial=self.global_steps, desc="Training Progress")
# we start from step 1
self.global_steps += 1
last_val_metrics = None
best_val_rewards = float("-inf")
for epoch in range(self.config.trainer.total_epochs):
for batch_dict in self.train_dataloader:
metrics = {}
timing_raw = {}
batch: DataProto = DataProto.from_single_dict(batch_dict)
# pop those keys for generation
batch_keys_to_pop = ["input_ids", "attention_mask", "position_ids"]
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop = ["raw_prompt_ids"]
if "multi_modal_inputs" in batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.extend(["multi_modal_data", "multi_modal_inputs"])
if "raw_prompt" in batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.append("raw_prompt")
if "tools_kwargs" in batch.non_tensor_batch:
non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop.append("tools_kwargs")
gen_batch = batch.pop(
batch_keys=batch_keys_to_pop,
non_tensor_batch_keys=non_tensor_batch_keys_to_pop,
)
is_last_step = self.global_steps >= self.total_training_steps
with _timer("step", timing_raw):
# generate a batch
with _timer("gen", timing_raw):
if not self.async_rollout_mode:
gen_batch_output = self.actor_rollout_wg.generate_sequences(gen_batch)
else:
self.async_rollout_manager.wake_up()
gen_batch_output = self.async_rollout_manager.generate_sequences(gen_batch)
self.async_rollout_manager.sleep()
if self.config.algorithm.adv_estimator == AdvantageEstimator.REMAX:
with _timer("gen_max", timing_raw):
gen_baseline_batch = deepcopy(gen_batch)
gen_baseline_batch.meta_info["do_sample"] = False
gen_baseline_output = self.actor_rollout_wg.generate_sequences(gen_baseline_batch)
batch = batch.union(gen_baseline_output)
reward_baseline_tensor = self.reward_fn(batch)
reward_baseline_tensor = reward_baseline_tensor.sum(dim=-1)
batch.pop(batch_keys=list(gen_baseline_output.batch.keys()))
batch.batch["reward_baselines"] = reward_baseline_tensor
del gen_baseline_batch, gen_baseline_output
batch.non_tensor_batch["uid"] = np.array([str(uuid.uuid4()) for _ in range(len(batch.batch))], dtype=object)
# repeat to align with repeated responses in rollout
batch = batch.repeat(repeat_times=self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.n, interleave=True)
batch = batch.union(gen_batch_output)
batch.batch["response_mask"] = compute_response_mask(batch)
# balance the number of valid tokens on each dp rank.
# Note that this breaks the order of data inside the batch.
# Please take care when you implement group based adv computation such as GRPO and rloo
if self.config.trainer.balance_batch:
self._balance_batch(batch, metrics=metrics)
# compute global_valid tokens
batch.meta_info["global_token_num"] = torch.sum(batch.batch["attention_mask"], dim=-1).tolist()
with _timer("reward", timing_raw):
# compute reward model score
if self.use_rm:
reward_tensor = self.rm_wg.compute_rm_score(batch)
batch = batch.union(reward_tensor)
if self.config.reward_model.launch_reward_fn_async:
future_reward = compute_reward_async.remote(batch, self.config, self.tokenizer)
else:
reward_tensor, reward_extra_infos_dict = compute_reward(batch, self.reward_fn)
# recompute old_log_probs
with _timer("old_log_prob", timing_raw):
old_log_prob = self.actor_rollout_wg.compute_log_prob(batch)
entropys = old_log_prob.batch["entropys"]
response_masks = batch.batch["response_mask"]
loss_agg_mode = self.config.actor_rollout_ref.actor.loss_agg_mode
entropy_loss = agg_loss(loss_mat=entropys, loss_mask=response_masks, loss_agg_mode=loss_agg_mode)
old_log_prob_metrics = {"actor/entropy_loss": entropy_loss.detach().item()}
metrics.update(old_log_prob_metrics)
old_log_prob.batch.pop("entropys")
batch = batch.union(old_log_prob)
if self.use_reference_policy:
# compute reference log_prob
with _timer("ref", timing_raw):
ref_log_prob = self.ref_policy_wg.compute_ref_log_prob(batch)
batch = batch.union(ref_log_prob)
# compute values
if self.use_critic:
with _timer("values", timing_raw):
values = self.critic_wg.compute_values(batch)
batch = batch.union(values)
with _timer("adv", timing_raw):
# we combine with rule-based rm
reward_extra_infos_dict: dict[str, list]
if self.config.reward_model.launch_reward_fn_async:
reward_tensor, reward_extra_infos_dict = ray.get(future_reward)
batch.batch["token_level_scores"] = reward_tensor
print(f"{list(reward_extra_infos_dict.keys())=}")
if reward_extra_infos_dict:
batch.non_tensor_batch.update({k: np.array(v) for k, v in reward_extra_infos_dict.items()})
# compute rewards. apply_kl_penalty if available
if self.config.algorithm.use_kl_in_reward:
batch, kl_metrics = apply_kl_penalty(batch, kl_ctrl=self.kl_ctrl_in_reward, kl_penalty=self.config.algorithm.kl_penalty)
metrics.update(kl_metrics)
else:
batch.batch["token_level_rewards"] = batch.batch["token_level_scores"]
# compute advantages, executed on the driver process
norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo = self.config.algorithm.get("norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo", True) # GRPO adv normalization factor
batch = compute_advantage(
batch,
adv_estimator=self.config.algorithm.adv_estimator,
gamma=self.config.algorithm.gamma,
lam=self.config.algorithm.lam,
num_repeat=self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.n,
norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo=norm_adv_by_std_in_grpo,
multi_turn=self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.multi_turn.enable,
)
# update critic
if self.use_critic:
with _timer("update_critic", timing_raw):
critic_output = self.critic_wg.update_critic(batch)
critic_output_metrics = reduce_metrics(critic_output.meta_info["metrics"])
metrics.update(critic_output_metrics)
# implement critic warmup
if self.config.trainer.critic_warmup <= self.global_steps:
# update actor
with _timer("update_actor", timing_raw):
batch.meta_info["multi_turn"] = self.config.actor_rollout_ref.rollout.multi_turn.enable
actor_output = self.actor_rollout_wg.update_actor(batch)
actor_output_metrics = reduce_metrics(actor_output.meta_info["metrics"])
metrics.update(actor_output_metrics)
# Log rollout generations if enabled
rollout_data_dir = self.config.trainer.get("rollout_data_dir", None)
if rollout_data_dir:
with _timer("dump_rollout_generations", timing_raw):
print(batch.batch.keys())
inputs = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(batch.batch["prompts"], skip_special_tokens=True)
outputs = self.tokenizer.batch_decode(batch.batch["responses"], skip_special_tokens=True)
scores = batch.batch["token_level_scores"].sum(-1).cpu().tolist()
self._dump_generations(
inputs=inputs,
outputs=outputs,
scores=scores,
reward_extra_infos_dict=reward_extra_infos_dict,
dump_path=rollout_data_dir,
)
# validate
if self.val_reward_fn is not None and self.config.trainer.test_freq > 0 and \
(is_last_step or self.global_steps % self.config.trainer.test_freq == 0):
with _timer("testing", timing_raw):
val_metrics: dict = self._validate()
if is_last_step:
last_val_metrics = val_metrics
metrics.update(val_metrics)
for key in val_metrics:
if "val-aux" in key and "mean@" in key:
if val_metrics[key] > best_val_rewards:
best_val_rewards = metrics[key]
if self.config.trainer.save_freq > 0:
with _timer("save_checkpoint", timing_raw):
self._save_checkpoint()
# training metrics
metrics.update(
{
"training/global_step": self.global_steps,
"training/epoch": epoch,
}
)
# collect metrics
metrics.update(compute_data_metrics(batch=batch, use_critic=self.use_critic))
metrics.update(compute_timing_metrics(batch=batch, timing_raw=timing_raw))
# TODO: implement actual tflpo and theoretical tflpo
n_gpus = self.resource_pool_manager.get_n_gpus()
metrics.update(compute_throughout_metrics(batch=batch, timing_raw=timing_raw, n_gpus=n_gpus))
# TODO: make a canonical logger that supports various backend
logger.log(data=metrics, step=self.global_steps)
if is_last_step:
pprint(f"Final validation metrics: {last_val_metrics}")
progress_bar.close()
return
progress_bar.update(1)
self.global_steps += 1
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