from __future__ import annotations

from itertools import product
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any

import joblib
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.metrics import f1_score, roc_auc_score
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler
from sklearn.svm import SVC

from .classical_features import extract_feature_matrix
from .data_discovery import CANONICAL_LABELS
from .paths import ensure_dir
from .utils import get_logger, now_stamp, save_json


LOGGER = get_logger(__name__)


def _as_list(value: Any) -> list[Any]:
    return value if isinstance(value, list) else [value]


def candidate_svm_params(config: dict[str, Any]) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
    svm_cfg = config["classical"]["svm"]
    candidates: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
    for kernel, c_value, gamma in product(
        _as_list(svm_cfg.get("kernel", ["rbf"])),
        _as_list(svm_cfg.get("C", [1.0])),
        _as_list(svm_cfg.get("gamma", ["scale"])),
    ):
        candidates.append(
            {
                "kernel": kernel,
                "C": float(c_value),
                "gamma": gamma,
                "class_weight": svm_cfg.get("class_weight", "balanced"),
            }
        )
    return candidates


def make_svm_pipeline(params: dict[str, Any]) -> Pipeline:
    return Pipeline(
        [
            ("scaler", StandardScaler()),
            (
                "svm",
                SVC(
                    kernel=params["kernel"],
                    C=params["C"],
                    gamma=params["gamma"],
                    class_weight=params.get("class_weight", "balanced"),
                    probability=True,
                    random_state=42,
                ),
            ),
        ]
    )


def train_classical_model(
    feature_type: str,
    model_name: str,
    splits_df: pd.DataFrame,
    config: dict[str, Any],
) -> Path:
    model_dir = ensure_dir(config["paths"]["model_dir"])
    train_df = splits_df[splits_df["split"] == "train"].reset_index(drop=True)
    val_df = splits_df[splits_df["split"] == "val"].reset_index(drop=True)
    if train_df.empty or val_df.empty:
        raise ValueError(f"{model_name} needs non-empty train and validation splits.")

    LOGGER.info("Extracting %s training features.", feature_type.upper())
    x_train, y_train, expanded_train = extract_feature_matrix(
        train_df, feature_type, config, balance_train=True
    )
    LOGGER.info("Extracting %s validation features.", feature_type.upper())
    x_val, y_val, _ = extract_feature_matrix(val_df, feature_type, config, balance_train=False)

    best_pipeline: Pipeline | None = None
    best_result: dict[str, Any] | None = None
    for params in candidate_svm_params(config):
        LOGGER.info("Training %s candidate params: %s", model_name, params)
        pipeline = make_svm_pipeline(params)
        pipeline.fit(x_train, y_train)
        pred = pipeline.predict(x_val)
        prob = pipeline.predict_proba(x_val)[:, 1]
        f1 = f1_score(y_val, pred, zero_division=0)
        try:
            auc = roc_auc_score(y_val, prob)
        except ValueError:
            auc = float("nan")
        score = (f1, 0.0 if np.isnan(auc) else auc)
        if best_result is None or score > (best_result["val_f1"], best_result["val_roc_auc_safe"]):
            best_pipeline = pipeline
            best_result = {
                "params": params,
                "val_f1": float(f1),
                "val_roc_auc": None if np.isnan(auc) else float(auc),
                "val_roc_auc_safe": 0.0 if np.isnan(auc) else float(auc),
            }

    if best_pipeline is None or best_result is None:
        raise RuntimeError(f"No SVM candidate completed for {model_name}.")

    metadata = {
        "model_name": model_name,
        "model_type": "classical",
        "feature_type": feature_type,
        "class_names": list(CANONICAL_LABELS),
        "positive_class": "Damaged",
        "created_at": now_stamp(),
        "image_size": int(config["preprocessing"]["image_size"]),
        "best_validation": {k: v for k, v in best_result.items() if k != "val_roc_auc_safe"},
        "train_rows": int(len(train_df)),
        "train_rows_after_balancing": int(len(expanded_train)),
        "validation_rows": int(len(val_df)),
        "config": config,
    }
    bundle = {"pipeline": best_pipeline, "metadata": metadata}
    path = model_dir / f"{model_name}.joblib"
    joblib.dump(bundle, path)
    save_json(metadata, model_dir / f"{model_name}_metadata.json")
    LOGGER.info("Saved %s model: %s", model_name, path)
    return path