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"medical_database": {
"version": "1.0",
"last_updated": "2026-01-21",
"total_conditions": 15,
"categories": [
{
"category_id": "CARDIO_001",
"category_name": "Cardiovascular Diseases",
"conditions": [
{
"condition_id": "CVD_001",
"name": "Hypertension",
"common_name": "High Blood Pressure",
"severity": "moderate to severe",
"prevalence": "31% of adults worldwide",
"symptoms": [
{
"symptom": "Headaches",
"frequency": "common",
"severity": "mild to moderate"
},
{
"symptom": "Shortness of breath",
"frequency": "occasional",
"severity": "moderate"
},
{
"symptom": "Chest pain",
"frequency": "rare",
"severity": "severe"
},
{
"symptom": "Visual changes",
"frequency": "occasional",
"severity": "moderate"
}
],
"risk_factors": [
"Age over 60",
"Family history",
"Obesity (BMI > 30)",
"High sodium intake (>2300mg/day)",
"Sedentary lifestyle",
"Excessive alcohol consumption"
],
"diagnostic_tests": [
{
"test_name": "Blood pressure measurement",
"normal_range": "120/80 mmHg",
"hypertension_threshold": "140/90 mmHg"
},
{
"test_name": "24-hour ambulatory monitoring",
"purpose": "Confirm diagnosis and assess treatment"
}
],
"treatments": [
{
"type": "medication",
"name": "ACE Inhibitors",
"examples": ["Lisinopril", "Enalapril"],
"mechanism": "Relax blood vessels"
},
{
"type": "medication",
"name": "Beta-blockers",
"examples": ["Metoprolol", "Atenolol"],
"mechanism": "Reduce heart rate and cardiac output"
},
{
"type": "lifestyle",
"interventions": [
"Reduce sodium to <1500mg/day",
"Exercise 150 minutes/week",
"Maintain healthy weight",
"Limit alcohol to 1-2 drinks/day"
]
}
],
"complications": [
"Stroke",
"Heart attack",
"Kidney damage",
"Vision loss",
"Peripheral artery disease"
],
"prognosis": "Good with proper management and medication adherence"
},
{
"condition_id": "CVD_002",
"name": "Coronary Artery Disease",
"common_name": "CAD",
"severity": "severe",
"prevalence": "Leading cause of death globally",
"symptoms": [
{
"symptom": "Angina (chest pain)",
"frequency": "common",
"severity": "moderate to severe",
"characteristics": "Pressure, squeezing, or burning sensation"
},
{
"symptom": "Shortness of breath",
"frequency": "common",
"severity": "moderate"
},
{
"symptom": "Heart palpitations",
"frequency": "occasional",
"severity": "mild to moderate"
}
],
"risk_factors": [
"High LDL cholesterol (>160 mg/dL)",
"Smoking",
"Diabetes mellitus",
"Obesity",
"Family history of early heart disease",
"Chronic stress"
],
"diagnostic_tests": [
{
"test_name": "Electrocardiogram (ECG)",
"purpose": "Detect heart rhythm abnormalities"
},
{
"test_name": "Coronary angiography",
"purpose": "Visualize coronary artery blockages"
},
{
"test_name": "Stress test",
"purpose": "Assess heart function during exercise"
},
{
"test_name": "Lipid panel",
"normal_values": {
"total_cholesterol": "<200 mg/dL",
"LDL": "<100 mg/dL",
"HDL": ">40 mg/dL (men), >50 mg/dL (women)",
"triglycerides": "<150 mg/dL"
}
}
],
"treatments": [
{
"type": "medication",
"name": "Statins",
"examples": ["Atorvastatin", "Rosuvastatin"],
"purpose": "Lower cholesterol"
},
{
"type": "procedure",
"name": "Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)",
"description": "Angioplasty with stent placement"
},
{
"type": "surgery",
"name": "Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)",
"indication": "Severe multi-vessel disease"
}
],
"emergency_signs": [
"Severe chest pain lasting >5 minutes",
"Pain radiating to arm, jaw, or back",
"Shortness of breath with chest discomfort",
"Nausea, cold sweat, lightheadedness"
]
}
]
},
{
"category_id": "RESP_001",
"category_name": "Respiratory Diseases",
"conditions": [
{
"condition_id": "RESP_001",
"name": "Asthma",
"severity": "mild to severe",
"prevalence": "262 million people worldwide",
"age_groups_affected": ["children", "adults", "elderly"],
"symptoms": [
{
"symptom": "Wheezing",
"frequency": "common",
"timing": "Often worse at night or early morning"
},
{
"symptom": "Shortness of breath",
"frequency": "common",
"severity": "variable"
},
{
"symptom": "Chest tightness",
"frequency": "common",
"description": "Feeling of pressure or constriction"
},
{
"symptom": "Coughing",
"frequency": "very common",
"timing": "Especially at night"
}
],
"triggers": [
{
"category": "Allergens",
"examples": ["Pollen", "Dust mites", "Pet dander", "Mold"]
},
{
"category": "Environmental",
"examples": ["Cold air", "Air pollution", "Smoke", "Strong odors"]
},
{
"category": "Physical",
"examples": ["Exercise", "Respiratory infections"]
},
{
"category": "Emotional",
"examples": ["Stress", "Anxiety"]
}
],
"diagnostic_tests": [
{
"test_name": "Spirometry",
"measures": "Lung function (FEV1, FVC)",
"diagnostic_criteria": "FEV1/FVC ratio <70%"
},
{
"test_name": "Peak flow meter",
"purpose": "Monitor daily lung function at home"
},
{
"test_name": "Allergy testing",
"purpose": "Identify specific triggers"
}
],
"treatments": [
{
"type": "controller_medication",
"name": "Inhaled Corticosteroids",
"examples": ["Fluticasone", "Budesonide"],
"frequency": "Daily",
"purpose": "Reduce airway inflammation"
},
{
"type": "rescue_medication",
"name": "Short-acting Beta-agonists",
"examples": ["Albuterol", "Salbutamol"],
"frequency": "As needed",
"purpose": "Quick relief of symptoms"
},
{
"type": "combination_therapy",
"name": "ICS/LABA",
"examples": ["Fluticasone/Salmeterol"],
"indication": "Moderate to severe asthma"
}
],
"asthma_action_plan": {
"green_zone": {
"description": "Doing well",
"peak_flow": "80-100% of personal best",
"action": "Continue regular medications"
},
"yellow_zone": {
"description": "Caution",
"peak_flow": "50-80% of personal best",
"action": "Use rescue inhaler, may need to increase controller medication"
},
"red_zone": {
"description": "Medical alert",
"peak_flow": "<50% of personal best",
"action": "Use rescue inhaler immediately and seek emergency care"
}
}
},
{
"condition_id": "RESP_002",
"name": "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease",
"abbreviation": "COPD",
"severity": "progressive, severe",
"prevalence": "3rd leading cause of death worldwide",
"subtypes": ["Chronic bronchitis", "Emphysema"],
"symptoms": [
{
"symptom": "Chronic cough",
"duration": "Present for at least 3 months in 2 consecutive years",
"characteristics": "Productive cough with mucus"
},
{
"symptom": "Shortness of breath",
"progression": "Worsens over time",
"severity": "Initially with exertion, later at rest"
},
{
"symptom": "Wheezing",
"frequency": "common"
},
{
"symptom": "Chest tightness",
"frequency": "common"
}
],
"risk_factors": [
{
"factor": "Smoking",
"impact": "85-90% of COPD cases",
"pack_years": "Risk increases with >20 pack-years"
},
{
"factor": "Occupational exposures",
"examples": ["Coal dust", "Silica", "Chemical fumes"]
},
{
"factor": "Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency",
"type": "Genetic",
"prevalence": "Rare, 1-2% of COPD cases"
}
],
"GOLD_stages": [
{
"stage": "GOLD 1 (Mild)",
"FEV1": "≥80% predicted",
"symptoms": "Minimal"
},
{
"stage": "GOLD 2 (Moderate)",
"FEV1": "50-79% predicted",
"symptoms": "Shortness of breath on exertion"
},
{
"stage": "GOLD 3 (Severe)",
"FEV1": "30-49% predicted",
"symptoms": "Significant limitation"
},
{
"stage": "GOLD 4 (Very Severe)",
"FEV1": "<30% predicted",
"symptoms": "Severe limitation, may need oxygen"
}
],
"treatments": [
{
"type": "bronchodilator",
"name": "Long-acting Beta-agonists (LABA)",
"examples": ["Formoterol", "Salmeterol"]
},
{
"type": "bronchodilator",
"name": "Long-acting Muscarinic Antagonists (LAMA)",
"examples": ["Tiotropium", "Umeclidinium"]
},
{
"type": "therapy",
"name": "Pulmonary rehabilitation",
"components": ["Exercise training", "Education", "Nutritional counseling"]
},
{
"type": "oxygen_therapy",
"indication": "Severe COPD with hypoxemia",
"criteria": "PaO2 ≤55 mmHg or SpO2 ≤88%"
}
],
"prevention": {
"primary": "Smoking cessation",
"vaccinations": ["Influenza (annual)", "Pneumococcal", "COVID-19"]
}
}
]
},
{
"category_id": "ENDO_001",
"category_name": "Endocrine Disorders",
"conditions": [
{
"condition_id": "ENDO_001",
"name": "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus",
"severity": "chronic, progressive",
"prevalence": "537 million adults worldwide",
"pathophysiology": "Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency",
"symptoms": [
{
"symptom": "Polyuria",
"description": "Increased urination",
"mechanism": "Glucose in urine draws water"
},
{
"symptom": "Polydipsia",
"description": "Increased thirst",
"mechanism": "Dehydration from polyuria"
},
{
"symptom": "Polyphagia",
"description": "Increased hunger",
"mechanism": "Cells unable to utilize glucose"
},
{
"symptom": "Fatigue",
"frequency": "very common"
},
{
"symptom": "Blurred vision",
"mechanism": "Glucose in lens causes swelling"
}
],
"diagnostic_criteria": [
{
"test": "Fasting Plasma Glucose",
"normal": "<100 mg/dL",
"prediabetes": "100-125 mg/dL",
"diabetes": "≥126 mg/dL"
},
{
"test": "HbA1c",
"normal": "<5.7%",
"prediabetes": "5.7-6.4%",
"diabetes": "≥6.5%"
},
{
"test": "Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (2-hour)",
"normal": "<140 mg/dL",
"prediabetes": "140-199 mg/dL",
"diabetes": "≥200 mg/dL"
}
],
"treatment_targets": {
"HbA1c": "<7% (individualized based on patient)",
"fasting_glucose": "80-130 mg/dL",
"postprandial_glucose": "<180 mg/dL",
"blood_pressure": "<140/90 mmHg",
"LDL_cholesterol": "<100 mg/dL"
},
"medications": [
{
"class": "Biguanides",
"drug": "Metformin",
"mechanism": "Reduces hepatic glucose production",
"first_line": true
},
{
"class": "GLP-1 Receptor Agonists",
"examples": ["Semaglutide", "Liraglutide"],
"benefits": ["Weight loss", "Cardiovascular protection"]
},
{
"class": "SGLT2 Inhibitors",
"examples": ["Empagliflozin", "Dapagliflozin"],
"benefits": ["Weight loss", "Cardiovascular and renal protection"]
},
{
"class": "Insulin",
"types": ["Rapid-acting", "Long-acting", "Intermediate"],
"indication": "Advanced disease or inadequate control"
}
],
"complications": {
"microvascular": [
{
"complication": "Diabetic retinopathy",
"screening": "Annual dilated eye exam"
},
{
"complication": "Diabetic nephropathy",
"screening": "Annual urine albumin and eGFR"
},
{
"complication": "Diabetic neuropathy",
"screening": "Annual foot exam"
}
],
"macrovascular": [
"Coronary artery disease",
"Stroke",
"Peripheral artery disease"
]
},
"lifestyle_management": {
"diet": "Mediterranean or DASH diet, carbohydrate counting",
"exercise": "150 minutes/week moderate-intensity aerobic activity",
"weight_loss": "5-10% body weight can significantly improve glycemic control",
"monitoring": "Self-monitoring of blood glucose as recommended"
}
}
]
}
],
"emergency_protocols": {
"chest_pain": {
"action": "Call emergency services immediately",
"first_aid": ["Have patient sit and rest", "Give aspirin if not allergic", "Loosen tight clothing"],
"do_not": ["Give food or drink", "Leave patient alone"]
},
"severe_asthma_attack": {
"action": "Use rescue inhaler, call emergency if no improvement in 5-10 minutes",
"warning_signs": ["Difficulty speaking", "Blue lips or fingernails", "Severe shortness of breath"]
},
"hypoglycemia": {
"blood_glucose": "<70 mg/dL",
"symptoms": ["Shakiness", "Sweating", "Confusion", "Rapid heartbeat"],
"treatment": "15g fast-acting carbohydrate (juice, glucose tablets), recheck in 15 minutes"
}
}
}
}
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