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import io

import gradio as gr
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numexpr
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image

import logging
logging.basicConfig(
    level=logging.INFO,  # set minimum level to capture (DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR, CRITICAL)
    format="%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s",  # log format
)
logger = logging.getLogger("ELVIS")

from optimisers import get_gradient_1d, get_hessian_1d, get_optimizer_trajectory_1d


class Univariate:
    DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE = "x ** 2"
    DEFAULT_INIT_X = 0.5

    def __init__(self, width, height):
        self.canvas_width = width
        self.canvas_height = height

        self.optimiser_type = "Gradient Descent"
        self.learning_rate = 0.1
        self.num_steps = 20
        self.momentum = 0

        self.function = self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE

        self.initial_x = self.DEFAULT_INIT_X

        self.trajectory_x, self.trajectory_y = get_optimizer_trajectory_1d(
            self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE,
            self.DEFAULT_INIT_X,
            self.optimiser_type,
            self.learning_rate,
            self.momentum,
            self.num_steps,
        )

        self.trajectory_idx = 0
        self.plots = []
        self.generate_plots()

    def generate_plots(self):
        self.plots.clear()

        fig, ax = plt.subplots()

        for idx in range(self.num_steps):
            traj_x_min = np.min(self.trajectory_x[:idx + 1])
            traj_x_max = np.max(self.trajectory_x[:idx + 1])
            x_radius = np.maximum(np.abs(traj_x_min), np.abs(traj_x_max))

            if x_radius > 1:
                x = np.linspace(-1.2 * x_radius, 1.2 * x_radius, 100)
            else:
                x = np.linspace(-1, 1, 100)

            try:
                y = numexpr.evaluate(self.function, local_dict={'x': x})
            except Exception as e:
                logger.error("Error evaluating function '%s': %s", function, e)
                y = np.zeros_like(x)

            ax.clear()
            ax.plot(x, y)
            ax.set_xlabel("x")
            ax.set_ylabel("f(x)")
            ax.plot(self.trajectory_x[:idx + 1], self.trajectory_y[:idx + 1], marker='o', color='indianred')
            ax.plot(self.trajectory_x[idx], self.trajectory_y[idx], marker='o', color='red')

            buf = io.BytesIO()
            fig.savefig(buf, format="png", bbox_inches="tight", pad_inches=0)
            plt.close(fig)
            buf.seek(0)
            img = Image.open(buf)

            # Append the generated plot to the list
            self.plots.append(img)

    def update_plot(self):
        plot = self.plots[self.trajectory_idx]
        self.univariate_plot = plot
        return plot

    def update_optimiser_type(self, optimiser_type):
        self.optimiser_type = optimiser_type

    def update_trajectory(self):
        trajectory_x, trajectory_y = get_optimizer_trajectory_1d(
            self.function,
            self.initial_x,
            self.optimiser_type,
            self.learning_rate,
            self.momentum,
            self.num_steps,
        )
        self.trajectory_x = trajectory_x
        self.trajectory_y = trajectory_y

    def update_trajectory_slider(self, trajectory_idx):
        self.trajectory_idx = trajectory_idx

    def update_learning_rate(self, learning_rate):
        self.learning_rate = learning_rate

    def update_initial_x(self, initial_x):
        self.initial_x = initial_x

    def update_function(self, function):
        self.function = function

    def show_relevant_params(self, optimiser_type):
        if optimiser_type == "Gradient Descent":
            learning_rate = gr.update(visible=True)
            hessian = gr.update(visible=False)
            momentum = gr.update(visible=True)
        else:
            learning_rate = gr.update(visible=False)
            hessian = gr.update(visible=True)
            momentum = gr.update(visible=False)
        return hessian, learning_rate, momentum

    def handle_trajectory_change(self):
        self.update_trajectory()
        self.generate_plots()

        self.handle_slider_change(0)  # reset slider
        self.update_plot()

    def handle_optimiser_type_change(self, optimiser_type):
        self.update_optimiser_type(optimiser_type)
        self.handle_trajectory_change()
        hessian_update, learning_rate_update, momentum_update = self.show_relevant_params(optimiser_type)
        return self.trajectory_idx, hessian_update, learning_rate_update, momentum_update, self.univariate_plot

    def handle_learning_rate_change(self, learning_rate):
        self.update_learning_rate(learning_rate)
        self.handle_trajectory_change()
        return self.trajectory_idx, self.univariate_plot

    def handle_momentum_change(self, momentum):
        self.momentum = momentum
        self.handle_trajectory_change()
        return self.trajectory_idx, self.univariate_plot

    def handle_slider_change(self, trajectory_idx):
        self.update_trajectory_slider(trajectory_idx)
        self.update_plot()
        return self.univariate_plot

    def handle_trajectory_button(self):
        if self.trajectory_idx < self.num_steps - 1:
            self.trajectory_idx += 1
        # plot is updated from slider changing
        return self.trajectory_idx

    def handle_initial_x_change(self, initial_x):
        self.update_initial_x(initial_x)
        self.handle_trajectory_change()
        return self.trajectory_idx, self.univariate_plot

    def handle_function_change(self, function):
        self.update_function(function)
        self.handle_trajectory_change()
        gradient = f"{get_gradient_1d(function)}"
        hessian = f"{get_hessian_1d(function)}"
        return self.trajectory_idx, gradient, hessian, self.univariate_plot

    def reset(self):
        self.optimiser_type = "Gradient Descent"
        self.learning_rate = 0.1
        self.num_steps = 20

        self.function = self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE

        self.initial_x = self.DEFAULT_INIT_X

        self.trajectory_x, self.trajectory_y = get_optimizer_trajectory_1d(
            self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE,
            self.DEFAULT_INIT_X,
            self.optimiser_type,
            self.learning_rate,
            self.momentum,
            self.num_steps,
        )

        self.trajectory_idx = 0
        self.plots = []
        self.generate_plots()
        
    def build(self):
        with gr.Tab("Univariate"):
            with gr.Row():
                with gr.Column(scale=2):
                    self.univariate_plot = gr.Image(
                        value=self.update_plot(),
                        container=True,
                    )

                with gr.Column(scale=1): 
                    with gr.Tab("Settings"):
                        function = gr.Textbox(label="Function", value=self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE, interactive=True)
                        gradient = gr.Textbox(
                            label="Derivative",
                            value=f"{get_gradient_1d(self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE)}",
                            interactive=False,
                        )
                        hessian = gr.Textbox(
                            label="Second Derivative",
                            value=f"{get_hessian_1d(self.DEFAULT_UNIVARIATE)}",
                            interactive=False,
                            visible=False,
                        )

                        optimiser_type = gr.Dropdown(
                            label="Optimiser",
                            choices=["Gradient Descent", "Newton"],
                            value="Gradient Descent",
                            interactive=True,
                        )

                        initial_x = gr.Number(label="Initial X", value=self.DEFAULT_INIT_X, interactive=True)

                        with gr.Row():
                            learning_rate = gr.Number(label="Learning Rate", value=self.learning_rate, interactive=True)
                            momentum = gr.Number(label="Momentum", value=self.momentum, interactive=True)

                    with gr.Tab("Optimize"):
                        trajectory_slider = gr.Slider(
                            label="Optimisation Step",
                            minimum=0,
                            maximum=self.num_steps - 1,
                            step=1,
                            value=0,
                            interactive=True,
                        )

                        trajectory_button = gr.Button("Optimisation Step")

                    function.submit(self.handle_function_change, inputs=[function], outputs=[trajectory_slider, gradient, hessian, self.univariate_plot])

                    initial_x.submit(self.handle_initial_x_change, inputs=[initial_x], outputs=[trajectory_slider, self.univariate_plot])

                    learning_rate.submit(self.handle_learning_rate_change, inputs=[learning_rate], outputs=[trajectory_slider, self.univariate_plot])
                    momentum.submit(self.handle_momentum_change, inputs=[momentum], outputs=[trajectory_slider, self.univariate_plot])

                    optimiser_type.change(
                        self.handle_optimiser_type_change, 
                        inputs=[optimiser_type], 
                        outputs=[trajectory_slider, hessian, learning_rate, momentum, self.univariate_plot]
                    )

                    trajectory_slider.change(self.handle_slider_change, inputs=[trajectory_slider], outputs=[self.univariate_plot])
                    trajectory_button.click(self.handle_trajectory_button, outputs=[trajectory_slider])