import os
import subprocess
import tempfile
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional

import librosa
import numpy as np
import soundfile as sf


def _load_audio(audio_path: str, mono: bool = False) -> tuple[np.ndarray, int]:
    """Load audio file with standard settings."""
    y, sr = librosa.load(audio_path, sr=None, mono=mono, res_type="soxr_vhq")
    # Ensure consistent (samples, channels) format
    if not mono and y.ndim > 1 and y.shape[0] == 2:
        y = y.T
    return y, int(sr)


def combine_tracks(
    track1_path: str,
    track2_path: str,
    weight1: float = 0.5,
    weight2: float = 0.5,
    output_path: Optional[str] = None,
    normalize: bool = True,
    fade_in: float = 0.0,
    fade_out: float = 0.0,
    output_format: str = "wav",
) -> str:
    """
    Combine two audio tracks into a new single stereo audio track with adjustable mixing weights.

    This function mixes two audio files together with customizable balance, normalization,
    and fade effects. Useful for creating mashups, adding background music to vocals,
    or layering multiple audio sources.

    Args:
        track1_path: Path to first audio file (supports common formats: WAV, MP3, FLAC)
        track2_path: Path to second audio file (supports common formats: WAV, MP3, FLAC)
        weight1: Weight factor for first track (0.0-1.0, default: 0.5)
                1.0 = full volume, 0.5 = half volume, 0.0 = silent
        weight2: Weight factor for second track (0.0-1.0, default: 0.5)
                1.0 = full volume, 0.5 = half volume, 0.0 = silent
        output_path: Optional output file path (default: temporary file)
        normalize: Whether to normalize the final output to prevent clipping (default: True)
        fade_in: Fade in duration in seconds (default: 0.0)
        fade_out: Fade out duration in seconds (default: 0.0)
        output_format: Output format ('wav' or 'mp3', default: 'wav')

    Returns:
        Path to the combined audio file in specified format

    Examples:
        - weight1=0.8, weight2=0.2: First track dominates the mix
        - weight1=0.5, weight2=0.5: Equal balance between tracks
        - weight1=1.0, weight2=0.3: First track at full volume, second track quiet
        - fade_in=2.0, fade_out=3.0: Gradual volume increase and decrease

    Note:
        Both tracks are automatically resampled to match the higher sample rate
        Tracks of different lengths are padded with silence to match the longer one
        Output is saved in WAV format for maximum quality
    """
    try:
        # Load both audio files
        y1, sr1 = _load_audio(track1_path, mono=False)
        y2, sr2 = _load_audio(track2_path, mono=False)

        # Ensure both tracks are stereo
        if y1.ndim == 1:
            y1 = np.stack([y1, y1])
        if y2.ndim == 1:
            y2 = np.stack([y2, y2])

        # Ensure same sample rate
        if sr1 != sr2:
            y2 = librosa.resample(y2, orig_sr=sr2, target_sr=sr1)
            sr2 = sr1

        # Ensure same length
        max_length = max(y1.shape[1], y2.shape[1])
        if y1.shape[1] < max_length:
            y1 = np.pad(y1, ((0, 0), (0, max_length - y1.shape[1])), mode="constant")
        if y2.shape[1] < max_length:
            y2 = np.pad(y2, ((0, 0), (0, max_length - y2.shape[1])), mode="constant")

        # Apply weights and combine
        combined = weight1 * y1 + weight2 * y2

        # Apply fade in/out if specified
        if fade_in > 0:
            fade_samples = int(fade_in * sr1)
            if fade_samples > 0:
                fade_curve = np.linspace(0, 1, fade_samples)
                combined[:, :fade_samples] *= fade_curve

        if fade_out > 0:
            fade_samples = int(fade_out * sr1)
            if fade_samples > 0:
                fade_curve = np.linspace(1, 0, fade_samples)
                combined[:, -fade_samples:] *= fade_curve

        # Normalize if requested
        if normalize:
            max_val = np.max(np.abs(combined))
            if max_val > 0:
                combined = combined / max_val * 0.95

        # Save to file
        if output_path:
            os.makedirs(output_path, exist_ok=True)
            output_dir = output_path
        else:
            import tempfile as tf

            output_dir = tf.mkdtemp(suffix="_combined")

        final_audio_filename = os.path.join(
            output_dir, f"stereo_combined.{output_format.lower()}"
        )

        if output_format.lower() == "mp3":
            # For MP3, save as WAV first then convert
            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".wav", delete=False) as temp_wav:
                sf.write(temp_wav.name, combined.T, sr1, format="wav", subtype="PCM_16")

                # Convert to MP3 using ffmpeg
                cmd = [
                    "ffmpeg",
                    "-y",
                    "-i",
                    temp_wav.name,
                    "-c:a",
                    "libmp3lame",
                    "-b:a",
                    "192k",
                    final_audio_filename,
                ]
                subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, check=True)

                # Clean up temp file
                os.unlink(temp_wav.name)
        else:
            sf.write(
                final_audio_filename, combined.T, sr1, format="wav", subtype="PCM_16"
            )

        return final_audio_filename

    except Exception as e:
        raise RuntimeError(f"Error combining tracks: {str(e)}")


def create_stereo_mix(
    left_track_path: str,
    right_track_path: str,
    output_path: Optional[str] = None,
    normalize: bool = True,
    output_format: str = "wav",
) -> str:
    """
    Create a stereo track with one track in left channel and another in right channel.

    Args:
        left_track_path: Path to audio file for left channel
        right_track_path: Path to audio file for right channel
        output_path: Optional output file path (default: temp file)
        normalize: Whether to normalize the final output
        output_format: Output format ('wav' or 'mp3', default: 'wav')

    Returns:
        Path to the stereo audio file
    """
    try:
        # Load both audio files
        y_left, sr_left = librosa.load(left_track_path, mono=True)
        y_right, sr_right = librosa.load(right_track_path, mono=True)

        # Ensure same sample rate
        if sr_left != sr_right:
            y_right = librosa.resample(y_right, orig_sr=sr_right, target_sr=sr_left)
            sr_right = sr_left

        # Ensure same length
        max_length = max(len(y_left), len(y_right))
        if len(y_left) < max_length:
            y_left = np.pad(y_left, (0, max_length - len(y_left)), mode="constant")
        if len(y_right) < max_length:
            y_right = np.pad(y_right, (0, max_length - len(y_right)), mode="constant")

        # Create stereo array
        stereo = np.array([y_left, y_right])

        # Normalize if requested
        if normalize:
            max_val = np.max(np.abs(stereo))
            if max_val > 0:
                stereo = stereo / max_val * 0.95

        # Save to file
        if output_path is None:
            output_path = tempfile.mkdtemp(suffix="_combined")
        else:
            os.makedirs(output_path, exist_ok=True)

        final_audio_filename = os.path.join(
            output_path, f"stereo_mix.{output_format.lower()}"
        )

        if output_format.lower() == "mp3":
            # For MP3, save as WAV first then convert
            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".wav", delete=False) as temp_wav:
                sf.write(
                    temp_wav.name, stereo.T, sr_left, format="wav", subtype="PCM_16"
                )

                # Convert to MP3 using ffmpeg
                cmd = [
                    "ffmpeg",
                    "-y",
                    "-i",
                    temp_wav.name,
                    "-c:a",
                    "libmp3lame",
                    "-b:a",
                    "192k",
                    final_audio_filename,
                ]
                subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, check=True)

                # Clean up temp file
                os.unlink(temp_wav.name)
        else:
            sf.write(
                final_audio_filename, stereo.T, sr_left, format="wav", subtype="PCM_16"
            )

        return final_audio_filename

    except Exception as e:
        raise RuntimeError(f"Error creating stereo mix: {str(e)}")


def create_medley(
    vocals_path: str,
    instrumental_path: str,
    vocals_gain: float = 1.2,
    instrumental_gain: float = 0.9,
    compressor: str = "threshold=-18dB:ratio=3:attack=50:release=200",
    audio_codec: str = "libmp3lame",
    audio_bitrate: str = "192k",
    output_path: Optional[str] = None,
) -> str:
    """
    Mix a vocal stem with an instrumental stem using professional audio processing.

    This function creates a polished medley by combining vocals and instrumental tracks
    with gain control and compression for professional-quality output.

    Args:
        vocals_path: Path to the vocals stem file (supports common formats: WAV, MP3, FLAC, M4A)
        instrumental_path: Path to the instrumental stem file (supports common formats: WAV, MP3, FLAC, M4A)
        vocals_gain: Linear gain applied to vocals stem (default: 1.2)
                    1.0 = unity gain, 1.2 = 20% boost, 0.8 = 20% reduction
        instrumental_gain: Linear gain applied to instrumental stem (default: 0.9)
                          1.0 = unity gain, 0.9 = 10% reduction, 1.1 = 10% boost
        compressor: FFmpeg compressor settings for peak control after mixing (default: "threshold=-18dB:ratio=3:attack=50:release=200")
                   Format: "threshold=X:ratio=Y:attack=Z:release=W"
                   threshold: Compression threshold in dB (-24 to -6 recommended)
                   ratio: Compression ratio (2:1 to 4:1 typical)
                   attack: Attack time in milliseconds (10-100 typical)
                   release: Release time in milliseconds (100-500 typical)
        audio_codec: Target audio codec (default: "libmp3lame")
                    Options: "libmp3lame" (MP3), "aac" (AAC), "flac" (FLAC), "pcm_s16le" (WAV)
        audio_bitrate: Audio bitrate for compressed formats (default: "192k")
                      Options: "128k", "192k", "256k", "320k" for MP3/AAC
        output_path: Optional output file path (default: auto-generated temporary file)

    Returns:
        Path to the rendered medley file in specified format

    Examples:
        >>> create_medley("vocals.wav", "instrumental.wav")
        # Returns path to medley with default settings

        >>> create_medley("vocals.wav", "instrumental.wav", vocals_gain=1.5, instrumental_gain=0.8)
        # Returns path to medley with boosted vocals and reduced instrumental

        >>> create_medley("vocals.wav", "instrumental.wav",
        ...              compressor="threshold=-12dB:ratio=4:attack=20:release=150")
        # Returns path to medley with aggressive compression

        >>> create_medley("vocals.wav", "instrumental.wav",
        ...              audio_codec="flac", audio_bitrate="320k")
        # Returns path to high-quality FLAC medley

    Note:
        Uses FFmpeg for professional audio processing and mixing
        Automatic duration matching to the longer of the two inputs
        Compression prevents clipping and ensures consistent volume levels
        Output format determined by audio_codec parameter
        Temporary files are automatically cleaned up when output_path is not specified
    """
    vocals = Path(vocals_path).expanduser().resolve()
    instrumental = Path(instrumental_path).expanduser().resolve()
    if not vocals.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Vocals stem not found: {vocals}")
    if not instrumental.exists():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"Instrumental stem not found: {instrumental}")

    medley_extension = (
        "mp3"
        if audio_codec == "libmp3lame"
        else "wav"
        if audio_codec == "pcm_s16le"
        else "wav"
    )

    if output_path is None:
        tmp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="mcp-medley-")
        output = (
            Path(tmp_dir)
            / f"{vocals.name}_{instrumental.name}_medley.{medley_extension}"
        )
    else:
        output = Path(output_path).expanduser().resolve()
        output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    # Enhanced stereo mixing with centered vocals and preserved instrumental stereo
    filter_complex = (
        f"[0:a]volume={vocals_gain},"
        f"pan=stereo|c0=c0|c1=c0[v0];"
        f"[1:a]volume={instrumental_gain}[v1];"
        f"[v0][v1]amix=inputs=2:duration=longest:dropout_transition=2:weights='1.2 0.8',"
        f"acompressor={compressor}"
    )

    cmd = [
        "ffmpeg",
        "-y",
        "-i",
        str(vocals),
        "-i",
        str(instrumental),
        "-filter_complex",
        filter_complex,
        "-c:a",
        "pcm_s16le" if audio_codec == "wav" else audio_codec,
        "-ar",
        "48000",  # Ensure sample rate consistency
        "-ac",
        "2",  # Ensure stereo output
    ]

    if audio_bitrate and audio_codec in ["libmp3lame", "aac"]:
        cmd += ["-b:a", audio_bitrate]

    cmd.append(str(output))

    completed = subprocess.run(cmd, capture_output=True, text=True)
    if completed.returncode != 0:
        raise RuntimeError(
            f"ffmpeg failed ({completed.returncode}):\n"
            f"STDOUT:\n{completed.stdout}\nSTDERR:\n{completed.stderr}"
        )

    # Verify the output is stereo
    verify_stereo_output(str(output))

    return str(output)


def verify_stereo_output(output_path: str) -> None:
    """Verify that the output file is stereo and log the result."""
    try:
        y, sr = sf.read(output_path)
        is_stereo = y.ndim > 1 and y.shape[1] == 2
        duration = len(y) / sr
        print(
            f"✅ Output verification: {y.shape[1]} channels, {duration:.2f}s, stereo: {is_stereo}"
        )
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"⚠️  Could not verify output: {e}")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import argparse

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Combine audio tracks")
    subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(dest="command", help="Available commands")

    # Combine tracks with weights
    combine_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
        "combine", help="Combine two tracks with weights"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument("track1", help="Path to first audio file")
    combine_parser.add_argument("track2", help="Path to second audio file")
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--weight1", type=float, default=0.5, help="Weight for first track (0.0-1.0)"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--weight2", type=float, default=0.5, help="Weight for second track (0.0-1.0)"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--fade-in", type=float, default=0.0, help="Fade in duration in seconds"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--fade-out", type=float, default=0.0, help="Fade out duration in seconds"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--no-normalize", action="store_true", help="Disable normalization"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--output", type=str, default="output", help="Output file path"
    )
    combine_parser.add_argument(
        "--format",
        default="wav",
        choices=["wav", "mp3"],
        help="Output format (default: wav)",
    )

    # Create stereo mix
    stereo_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
        "stereo", help="Create stereo mix (left/right channels)"
    )
    stereo_parser.add_argument("left", help="Path to left channel audio file")
    stereo_parser.add_argument("right", help="Path to right channel audio file")
    stereo_parser.add_argument(
        "--no-normalize", action="store_true", help="Disable normalization"
    )
    stereo_parser.add_argument(
        "--output", type=str, default="stereo_output", help="Output file path"
    )
    stereo_parser.add_argument(
        "--format",
        default="wav",
        choices=["wav", "mp3"],
        help="Output format (default: wav)",
    )

    # Create medley
    medley_parser = subparsers.add_parser(
        "medley", help="Create a vocal/instrumental medley using ffmpeg"
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument("vocals", help="Path to vocals stem audio file")
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "instrumental", help="Path to instrumental stem audio file"
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--vocals-gain",
        type=float,
        default=0.6,
        help="Linear gain for vocals (default: 0.6)",
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--instrumental-gain",
        type=float,
        default=1.2,
        help="Linear gain for instrumental (default: 1.2)",
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--compressor",
        type=str,
        default="threshold=-18dB:ratio=3:attack=50:release=200",
        help="FFmpeg acompressor parameters (default: threshold=-18dB:ratio=3:attack=50:release=200)",
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--audio-codec",
        type=str,
        default="libmp3lame",
        help="Target audio codec (default: libmp3lame)",
    )
    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--audio-bitrate",
        type=str,
        default="192k",
        help="Audio bitrate (default: 192k)",
    )

    medley_parser.add_argument(
        "--output", type=str, help="Output file path (default: temporary file)"
    )

    args = parser.parse_args()

    try:
        if args.command == "combine":
            output = combine_tracks(
                args.track1,
                args.track2,
                weight1=args.weight1,
                weight2=args.weight2,
                normalize=not args.no_normalize,
                fade_in=args.fade_in,
                fade_out=args.fade_out,
                output_path=args.output,
                output_format=args.format,
            )
            print(f"Combined audio saved to: {output}")
        elif args.command == "stereo":
            output = create_stereo_mix(
                args.left,
                args.right,
                normalize=not args.no_normalize,
                output_path=args.output,
                output_format=args.format,
            )
            print(f"Stereo mix saved to: {output}")
        elif args.command == "medley":
            output = create_medley(
                args.vocals,
                args.instrumental,
                output_path=args.output,
                vocals_gain=args.vocals_gain,
                instrumental_gain=args.instrumental_gain,
                compressor=args.compressor,
                audio_codec=args.audio_codec,
                audio_bitrate=args.audio_bitrate,
            )
            print(f"Medley saved to: {output}")
        else:
            parser.print_help()
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error: {e}")
        exit(1)