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Physical_Chemistry_Examples_Programming_Framework.html

@@ -128,73 +128,149 @@
 
     <div class="process-section">
       <h2>1. Solvay Process (Sodium Carbonate Production)</h2>
-      <p>The Solvay process converts brine (NaCl) and limestone (CaCO₃) into sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) through a series of temperature-dependent reactions with material recycling. This process demonstrates sophisticated computational logic including calcination triggers, CO₂/NH₃ absorption and precipitation, thermal decomposition, and closed-loop recovery systems.</p>
+      <p>The Solvay process converts brine (NaCl) and limestone (CaCO3) into sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) through a series of temperature-dependent reactions with material recycling. This process demonstrates sophisticated computational logic including calcination triggers, CO2/NH3 absorption and precipitation, thermal decomposition, and closed-loop recovery systems.</p>
 
       <div class="figure">
         <div class="mermaid">
 flowchart TD
     %% =====================
-    %% NODE DEFINITIONS
+    %% INPUT CONDITIONS & TRIGGERS
     %% =====================
-
-    %% Raw materials
-    Brine[(Brine<br/><i>NaCl(aq)</i>)]
-    Limestone[(Limestone<br/><i>CaCO₃</i>)]
-    Ammonia[(Ammonia<br/><i>NH₃</i>)]
-
-    %% Triggers / Conditions
-    Heat1{{Heat<br/>900°C}}
-    Heat2{{Heat<br/>160°C}}
-    Pressure{{Moderate Pressure}}
-
-    %% Catalysts / Recovery
-    Catalyst[Ammonia Recovery Tower<br/><i>Recycle Unit</i>]
-
-    %% Intermediates
-    CaO[(Quicklime<br/><i>CaO</i>)]
-    CO2[(Carbon Dioxide<br/><i>CO₂</i>)]
-    NH3Brine[(Ammoniated Brine<br/><i>NH₃ + NaCl(aq)</i>)]
-    NH4HCO3[(Ammonium Bicarbonate<br/><i>NH₄HCO₃</i>)]
-    CaCl2[(Calcium Chloride<br/><i>CaCl₂</i>)]
-    NaHCO3[(Sodium Bicarbonate<br/><i>NaHCO₃</i>)]
-    NH3Rec[(Recovered Ammonia<br/><i>NH₃</i>)]
-
-    %% Products
-    Na2CO3[(Sodium Carbonate<br/><i>Na₂CO₃</i>)]
+    RawMaterials{Sufficient Raw Materials?}
+    EnergyAvailable{Energy Available for Heating?}
+    TemperatureControl{Temperature Control Systems?}
+    PressureControl{Pressure Control Systems?}
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% RAW MATERIAL PREPARATION
+    %% =====================
+    BrinePurification[Brine Purification Unit<br/><i>Remove Impurities</i>]
+    LimestoneCrushing[Limestone Crushing<br/><i>Size Reduction</i>]
+    AmmoniaStorage[Ammonia Storage Tank<br/><i>Liquefied NH3</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% CALCINATION STAGE
+    %% =====================
+    CalcinationFurnace[Calcination Furnace<br/><i>900°C Operation</i>]
+    HeatRecovery[Heat Recovery System<br/><i>Energy Efficiency</i>]
+    CO2Compression[CO2 Compression Unit<br/><i>Gas Processing</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% INTERMEDIATE PRODUCTS
+    %% =====================
+    CaO[(Quicklime<br/><i>CaO - Active Form</i>)]
+    CO2[(Carbon Dioxide<br/><i>CO2 - Process Gas</i>)]
+    SlakedLime[Slaked Lime<br/><i>Ca(OH)2</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% BRINE AMMONIATION
+    %% =====================
+    BrineAmmoniation[Brine Ammoniation Tower<br/><i>NH3 Absorption</i>]
+    NH3Brine[(Ammoniated Brine<br/><i>NH3 + NaCl(aq)</i>)]
+    AmmoniaRecovery[Ammonia Recovery Tower<br/><i>Recycle System</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% CARBONATION PROCESS
+    %% =====================
+    CarbonationTower[Carbonation Tower<br/><i>CO2 Absorption</i>]
+    NH4HCO3[(Ammonium Bicarbonate<br/><i>NH4HCO3 Formation</i>)]
+    PrecipitationReaction[Precipitation Reaction<br/><i>NaHCO3 Formation</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% SODIUM BICARBONATE PROCESSING
+    %% =====================
+    NaHCO3[(Sodium Bicarbonate<br/><i>NaHCO3 - Intermediate</i>)]
+    FiltrationUnit[Filtration Unit<br/><i>Solid-Liquid Separation</i>]
+    WashingUnit[Washing Unit<br/><i>Impurity Removal</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
+    %% =====================
+    DecompositionFurnace[Decomposition Furnace<br/><i>160°C Operation</i>]
+    ThermalDecomposition[Thermal Decomposition<br/><i>NaHCO3 → Na2CO3</i>]
+    CO2Recycle[CO2 Recycle System<br/><i>Gas Recovery</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% FINAL PRODUCTS
+    %% =====================
+    Na2CO3[(Sodium Carbonate<br/><i>Na2CO3 - Final Product</i>)]
+    ProductPackaging[Product Packaging<br/><i>Quality Control</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% WASTE MANAGEMENT
+    %% =====================
+    CaCl2[(Calcium Chloride<br/><i>CaCl2 - Byproduct</i>)]
+    WasteTreatment[Waste Treatment Plant<br/><i>Environmental Compliance</i>]
+    Byproduct[(Calcium Chloride Waste<br/><i>CaCl2 - Disposal</i>)]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% RECYCLING SYSTEMS
+    %% =====================
+    NH3Rec[(Recovered Ammonia<br/><i>NH3 - Recycle</i>)]
+    CO2Rec[(Recovered CO2<br/><i>CO2 - Recycle</i>)]
+    WaterRecycle[Water Recycle System<br/><i>Process Water</i>]
+    
+    %% =====================
+    %% QUALITY CONTROL
+    %% =====================
+    QualityControl[Quality Control Lab<br/><i>Product Testing</i>]
+    ProcessMonitoring[Process Monitoring<br/><i>Real-time Analysis</i>]
+    EnvironmentalMonitoring[Environmental Monitoring<br/><i>Emission Control</i>]
     
-    %% Byproducts
-    Byproduct[(Calcium Chloride Waste<br/><i>CaCl₂</i>)]
-
     %% =====================
     %% PROCESS FLOWS
     %% =====================
-    Limestone -- calcination --> Heat1
-    Heat1 --> CaO
-    Heat1 --> CO2
-
-    Brine --> NH3Brine
-    Ammonia --> NH3Brine
-
-    NH3Brine --> CO2
-    CO2 --> NH4HCO3
-
-    NH4HCO3 --> NaHCO3
-    NaHCO3 --> Heat2
-    Heat2 --> Na2CO3
-    Heat2 --> CO2
-
-    CaO --> Catalyst
-    Catalyst --> NH3Rec
-    NH3Rec --> NH3Brine
-
-    %% Waste stream
-    NH3Brine --> CaCl2
-    CaCl2 --> Byproduct
-
-    %% Recycling loop
-    CO2 --> NH3Brine
-    NH3Rec --> NH3Brine
-
+    RawMaterials -->|Yes| BrinePurification
+    RawMaterials -->|No| RawMaterials
+    EnergyAvailable -->|Yes| CalcinationFurnace
+    EnergyAvailable -->|No| EnergyAvailable
+    
+    BrinePurification --> BrineAmmoniation
+    LimestoneCrushing --> CalcinationFurnace
+    AmmoniaStorage --> BrineAmmoniation
+    
+    CalcinationFurnace --> CaO
+    CalcinationFurnace --> CO2
+    CalcinationFurnace --> HeatRecovery
+    HeatRecovery --> CalcinationFurnace
+    
+    CO2 --> CO2Compression
+    CO2Compression --> CarbonationTower
+    
+    BrineAmmoniation --> NH3Brine
+    NH3Brine --> CarbonationTower
+    CarbonationTower --> NH4HCO3
+    NH4HCO3 --> PrecipitationReaction
+    PrecipitationReaction --> NaHCO3
+    
+    NaHCO3 --> FiltrationUnit
+    FiltrationUnit --> WashingUnit
+    WashingUnit --> DecompositionFurnace
+    
+    DecompositionFurnace --> ThermalDecomposition
+    ThermalDecomposition --> Na2CO3
+    ThermalDecomposition --> CO2Recycle
+    CO2Recycle --> CarbonationTower
+    
+    Na2CO3 --> ProductPackaging
+    ProductPackaging --> QualityControl
+    
+    CaO --> AmmoniaRecovery
+    AmmoniaRecovery --> NH3Rec
+    NH3Rec --> BrineAmmoniation
+    
+    CO2Recycle --> CO2Rec
+    CO2Rec --> CarbonationTower
+    
+    %% Waste streams
+    WashingUnit --> CaCl2
+    CaCl2 --> WasteTreatment
+    WasteTreatment --> Byproduct
+    
+    %% Quality and monitoring
+    QualityControl --> ProcessMonitoring
+    ProcessMonitoring --> EnvironmentalMonitoring
+    
     %% =====================
     %% COLOR CODING (GLMP Style)
     %% =====================
@@ -203,12 +279,14 @@ flowchart TD
     classDef intermediate fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0d47a1,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;
     classDef product fill:#c8e6c9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;
     classDef waste fill:#f0e68c,stroke:#b59d00,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;
-
-    class Heat1,Heat2,Pressure trigger;
-    class Catalyst catalyst;
-    class CaO,CO2,NH3Brine,NH4HCO3,NaHCO3,NH3Rec intermediate;
+    classDef control fill:#e1bee7,stroke:#7b1fa2,stroke-width:2px,color:#000;
+    
+    class RawMaterials,EnergyAvailable,TemperatureControl,PressureControl trigger;
+    class BrinePurification,LimestoneCrushing,AmmoniaStorage,CalcinationFurnace,HeatRecovery,CO2Compression,BrineAmmoniation,AmmoniaRecovery,CarbonationTower,PrecipitationReaction,FiltrationUnit,WashingUnit,DecompositionFurnace,ThermalDecomposition,CO2Recycle,ProductPackaging,WasteTreatment,WaterRecycle,QualityControl,ProcessMonitoring,EnvironmentalMonitoring catalyst;
+    class CaO,CO2,SlakedLime,NH3Brine,NH4HCO3,NaHCO3,NH3Rec,CO2Rec intermediate;
     class Na2CO3 product;
-    class Byproduct waste;
+    class CaCl2,Byproduct waste;
+    class QualityControl,ProcessMonitoring,EnvironmentalMonitoring control;
         </div>
         
         <div class="legend">
@@ -237,8 +315,8 @@ flowchart TD
     %% =====================
 
     %% Raw materials
-    N2[(Nitrogen<br/><i>N₂</i>)]
-    H2[(Hydrogen<br/><i>H₂</i>)]
+    N2[(Nitrogen<br/><i>N2</i>)]
+    H2[(Hydrogen<br/><i>H2</i>)]
     Air[(Air Separation<br/><i>N₂ Source</i>)]
 
     %% Triggers / Conditions
@@ -250,14 +328,14 @@ flowchart TD
     FeCatalyst[Iron Catalyst Bed<br/><i>Fe/Al₂O₃/K₂O</i>]
 
     %% Intermediates
-    NH3Forming[(Ammonia Formation<br/><i>NH₃</i>)]
-    Equilibrium[(Equilibrium Check<br/><i>N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃</i>)]
+    NH3Forming[(Ammonia Formation<br/><i>NH3</i>)]
+    Equilibrium[(Equilibrium Check<br/><i>N2 + 3H2 ⇌ 2NH3</i>)]
 
     %% Products
-    NH3[(Ammonia<br/><i>NH₃</i>)]
+    NH3[(Ammonia<br/><i>NH3</i>)]
     
     %% Byproducts
-    Unreacted[(Unreacted Gases<br/><i>N₂ + H₂</i>)]
+    Unreacted[(Unreacted Gases<br/><i>N2 + H2</i>)]
 
     %% =====================
     %% PROCESS FLOWS
@@ -308,7 +386,7 @@ flowchart TD
     %% =====================
 
     %% Raw materials
-    NH3[(Ammonia<br/><i>NH₃</i>)]
+    NH3[(Ammonia<br/><i>NH3</i>)]
     Air2[(Air<br/><i>O₂ Source</i>)]
 
     %% Triggers / Conditions
@@ -320,14 +398,14 @@ flowchart TD
 
     %% Intermediates
     NO[(Nitric Oxide<br/><i>NO</i>)]
-    NO2[(Nitrogen Dioxide<br/><i>NO₂</i>)]
-    N2O4[(Dinitrogen Tetroxide<br/><i>N₂O₄</i>)]
+    NO2[(Nitrogen Dioxide<br/><i>NO2</i>)]
+    N2O4[(Dinitrogen Tetroxide<br/><i>N2O4</i>)]
 
     %% Products
-    HNO3[(Nitric Acid<br/><i>HNO₃</i>)]
+    HNO3[(Nitric Acid<br/><i>HNO3</i>)]
     
     %% Byproducts
-    N2Waste[(Nitrogen<br/><i>N₂</i>)]
+    N2Waste[(Nitrogen<br/><i>N2</i>)]
 
     %% =====================
     %% PROCESS FLOWS
@@ -376,7 +454,7 @@ flowchart TD
     %% =====================
 
     %% Raw materials
-    H2O[(Water<br/><i>H₂O</i>)]
+    H2O[(Water<br/><i>H2O</i>)]
     Electricity[(Electrical Energy<br/><i>DC Current</i>)]
 
     %% Triggers / Conditions
@@ -392,8 +470,8 @@ flowchart TD
     H_[(Protons<br/><i>H⁺</i>)]
 
     %% Products
-    H2Product[(Hydrogen<br/><i>H₂</i>)]
-    O2[(Oxygen<br/><i>O₂</i>)]
+    H2Product[(Hydrogen<br/><i>H2</i>)]
+    O2[(Oxygen<br/><i>O2</i>)]
     
     %% Byproducts
     HeatWaste[(Heat<br/><i>Thermal Energy</i>)]
@@ -460,10 +538,10 @@ flowchart TD
     Condensate[(Condensate<br/><i>Liquid Fractions</i>)]
 
     %% Products
-    Gasoline[(Gasoline<br/><i>C₅-C₁₂</i>)]
-    Kerosene[(Kerosene<br/><i>C₁₂-C₁₅</i>)]
-    Diesel[(Diesel<br/><i>C₁₅-C₁₈</i>)]
-    HeavyOil[(Heavy Oil<br/><i>C₁₈+</i>)]
+    Gasoline[(Gasoline<br/><i>C5-C12</i>)]
+    Kerosene[(Kerosene<br/><i>C12-C15</i>)]
+    Diesel[(Diesel<br/><i>C15-C18</i>)]
+    HeavyOil[(Heavy Oil<br/><i>C18+</i>)]
     
     %% Byproducts
     Residue[(Residue<br/><i>Asphalt/Bitumen</i>)]