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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="#making-a-solution">Making a Solution</a></li>
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<section id="aqueous-solutions">
<h1>Aqueous Solutions<a class="headerlink" href="#aqueous-solutions" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h1>
<section id="acidity-calculation-ph-poh">
<h2>Acidity Calculation (pH, pOH)<a class="headerlink" href="#acidity-calculation-ph-poh" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chemlib.chemistry.pH">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">pH</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="o"><span class="pre">**</span></span><span class="n"><span class="pre">kwargs</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chemlib.chemistry.pH" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd><p>For any inputted pH, pOH, [H+], or [OH-], finds the corresponding values.</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>kwargs</strong> – The value of the chosen input (pH=, pOH=, H=, or OH=)</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Return type</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>dict</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd></dl>
<p>What is the pH, pOH and [OH-] given a [H+] of 1.07x10^-6 M?</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">chemlib</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">chemlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pH</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">H</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1.07e-6</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">{'H': 1.07e-06, 'pOH': 8.029, 'pH': 5.971, 'OH': 9.354e-09, 'acidity': 'acidic'}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>What is the pH, pOH, and [H+] given a [OH-] of 2.06x10^-3 M?</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">chemlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pH</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">OH</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">2.06e-3</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">{'OH': 0.002, 'H': 5e-12, 'pOH': 2.699, 'pH': 11.301, 'acidity': 'basic'}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>What is the pOH, [H+], and [OH-] given a pH of 5.2?</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">chemlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pH</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pH</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">5.2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">{'pH': 5.2, 'OH': 1.585e-09, 'H': 6.309e-06, 'pOH': 8.8, 'acidity': 'acidic'}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="making-a-solution">
<h2>Making a Solution<a class="headerlink" href="#making-a-solution" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<dl class="py class">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chemlib.chemistry.Solution">
<em class="property"><span class="pre">class</span> </em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">Solution</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">self</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">solute</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">molarity</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chemlib.chemistry.Solution" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<p>Instantiate a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chemlib.Solution</span></code> object with the formula of the solute, and the molarity in mol/L.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">param solute (str)</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>The formula of the solute without using subscripts OR a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.Compound</span></code> object.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">param molarity (float)</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>How many moles of solute per liter of solution</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">chemlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Solution</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">Solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'AgCl'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go"><chemlib.chemistry.Solution object at 0x03F46370></span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'AgCl'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">molarity</span>
<span class="go">2</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<dl class="py method">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chemlib.chemistry.Solution.by_grams_per_liters">
<em class="property"><span class="pre">classmethod</span> </em><span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.Solution.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">by_grams_per_liters</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">cls</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">solute</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">grams</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">liters</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#chemlib.chemistry.Solution.by_grams_per_liters" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<p>OR you can make a Solution with the solute, and grams per liter.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">param str solute</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>The formula of the solute without using subscripts OR a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.Compound</span></code> object.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">param float grams</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>How many grams of solute</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">param float liters</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>How many liters of solution</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div></blockquote>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">chemlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Solution</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Solution</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">by_grams_per_liters</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"NaCl"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">molarity</span>
<span class="go">0.1711</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="dilutions">
<h2>Dilutions<a class="headerlink" href="#dilutions" title="Permalink to this headline"></a></h2>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="chemlib.chemistry.Solution.dilute">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">chemlib.chemistry.Solution.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">dilute</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">self</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">V1</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">M2</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">V2</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">None</span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">inplace</span></span><span class="o"><span class="pre">=</span></span><span class="default_value"><span class="pre">False</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">→</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">dict</span></span></span><a class="headerlink" href="#chemlib.chemistry.Solution.dilute" title="Permalink to this definition"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<p>Using formula M1*V1 = M2*V2</p>
<blockquote>
<div><dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">param float V1</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>The starting volume of the solution. [Must be specified]</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">param float M2</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>The ending molarity after dilution.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">param float V2</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>The ending volume after dilution</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">param bool inplace</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>You can set to true if the old molarity is to be replaced by the new molarity</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">return</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>The new volume and the new molarity.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">rtype</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>dict</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">raises TypeError</dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p>if a starting volume is not specified</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">raises TypeError</dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p>if both M2 and V2 are specified</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div></blockquote>
<p>To find the dilution of 2.5 L of 0.25M NaCl to a 0.125M NaCl solution:</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">chemlib</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Solution</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Solution</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"NaCl"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">s</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dilute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">V1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">2.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">0.125</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">{'Solute': 'Na₁Cl₁', 'Molarity': 0.125, 'Volume': 5.0}</span>
</pre></div>
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