# logging_utils.py

## Purpose
Centralized logging system for Nano Banana Streamlit. Provides both file-based logging (persistent) and memory-based logging (for UI display).

## Responsibilities
- Set up loggers with consistent configuration
- Write logs to rotating file on disk
- Store recent logs in memory for UI display
- Provide utilities for structured logging
- Thread-safe log storage and retrieval
- Context managers for temporary log level changes

## Dependencies

### Imports
- `logging` - Python standard logging
- `threading` - Thread synchronization
- `collections.deque` - Thread-safe queue for log storage
- `logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler` - Rotating log files
- `config.settings.Settings` - Log configuration

### Used By
- All services - For logging generation progress
- All pages - For displaying logs in UI
- Backend clients - For logging API calls
- Utilities - For logging validation/file operations

## Public Interface

### Logger Setup

#### `setup_logger(name: str, level: str = None) -> logging.Logger`
Creates a fully configured logger with file and memory handlers.

**Parameters:**
- `name`: Logger name (usually module name or `__name__`)
- `level`: Optional log level override (default: from Settings)

**Returns:** Configured logger instance

**Example:**
```python
from utils.logging_utils import setup_logger

logger = setup_logger('my_module')
logger.info("This logs to file and memory")
```

#### `get_logger(name: str) -> logging.Logger`
Get or create a logger (convenience function).

If logger doesn't exist, creates it with `setup_logger()`.
If it exists, returns existing instance.

**Example:**
```python
from utils.logging_utils import get_logger

logger = get_logger(__name__)
logger.info("Logging from this module")
```

### Log Retrieval (for UI)

#### `get_recent_logs(count: int = 100) -> List[str]`
Returns recent log messages as a list.

**Parameters:**
- `count`: Maximum number of messages (default: 100)

**Returns:** List of formatted log strings

**Example:**
```python
logs = get_recent_logs(50)
for log in logs:
    st.text(log)
```

#### `get_recent_logs_as_string(count: int = 100) -> str`
Returns recent log messages as a single string (one line per message).

**Example:**
```python
logs_text = get_recent_logs_as_string(100)
st.text_area("Logs", logs_text)
```

#### `clear_log_memory()`
Clears the in-memory log queue.

Use when starting a new generation session.

#### `get_log_count() -> int`
Returns current number of messages in memory queue.

### Utility Functions

#### `log_function_call(logger, func_name: str, **kwargs)`
Structured logging for function calls.

**Example:**
```python
log_function_call(logger, "generate_image",
                  prompt="sunset", aspect_ratio="16:9")
# Logs: "Calling generate_image(prompt=sunset, aspect_ratio=16:9)"
```

#### `log_stage(logger, stage: str, message: str)`
Log a pipeline stage with separators.

**Example:**
```python
log_stage(logger, "Stage 1/6", "Generating front portrait")
# Logs with ==== separators for visibility
```

#### `log_error_with_context(logger, error: Exception, context: dict)`
Log an error with additional context.

**Example:**
```python
try:
    generate_image(...)
except Exception as e:
    log_error_with_context(logger, e, {
        'prompt': prompt,
        'backend': backend,
        'attempt': 3
    })
```

### Context Managers

#### `LoggingContext(logger_name: str, level: str)`
Temporarily change log level.

**Example:**
```python
from utils.logging_utils import LoggingContext

with LoggingContext('my_module', 'DEBUG'):
    # Temporarily log at DEBUG level
    logger.debug("This will be logged")
# Returns to original level
```

## Internal Components

### `MemoryLogHandler`
Custom logging handler that stores messages in thread-safe queue.

Inherits from `logging.Handler` and overrides `emit()` method.

### `_log_queue`
Global `deque(maxlen=1000)` storing recent messages.
Thread-safe with `_log_lock`.

### `_log_lock`
Threading lock for synchronizing queue access.

## Configuration

All configuration from `Settings`:
- `LOG_LEVEL`: Default log level ("INFO")
- `LOG_FORMAT`: Message format string
- `LOG_DATE_FORMAT`: Date format string
- `LOG_FILE`: Path to log file
- `LOG_MAX_BYTES`: Max file size before rotation (10MB)
- `LOG_BACKUP_COUNT`: Number of backup files (5)

## Thread Safety

All log queue operations protected by `_log_lock`:
- `_log_queue.append()` - Adding messages
- `list(_log_queue)` - Reading messages
- `_log_queue.clear()` - Clearing queue

Safe to use from multiple threads (Streamlit reruns, background tasks).

## Known Limitations
- Memory queue limited to 1000 messages (older messages discarded)
- File logs kept on disk (5 files × 10MB = 50MB max)
- No remote logging (syslog, cloud)
- No structured logging (JSON format)
- No log filtering by level in UI retrieval

## Future Improvements
- Add structured logging (JSON Lines format)
- Add log level filtering for UI display
- Add log search/filtering capabilities
- Add remote logging option
- Add log analytics dashboard
- Add log export functionality
- Add colored console output for development

## Usage Examples

### Service Logging
```python
from utils.logging_utils import get_logger

class CharacterForgeService:
    def __init__(self):
        self.logger = get_logger(__name__)

    def generate(self, prompt):
        self.logger.info(f"Starting generation: {prompt}")
        try:
            result = self._generate(prompt)
            self.logger.info("Generation successful")
            return result
        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error(f"Generation failed: {e}")
            raise
```

### UI Log Display
```python
import streamlit as st
from utils.logging_utils import get_recent_logs_as_string

st.subheader("Generation Log")
logs = get_recent_logs_as_string(100)
st.text_area("Logs", logs, height=300)

if st.button("Clear Logs"):
    clear_log_memory()
    st.rerun()
```

### Pipeline Stage Logging
```python
from utils.logging_utils import get_logger, log_stage

logger = get_logger(__name__)

for stage_num in range(1, 7):
    log_stage(logger, f"Stage {stage_num}/6",
              f"Generating {view_name}")
    # ... generation code ...
```

## Testing
- Test logger creation and configuration
- Test file handler writes to correct file
- Test memory handler stores messages
- Test log retrieval with various counts
- Test clear_log_memory()
- Test thread safety (concurrent access)
- Test context manager log level changes
- Test utility functions format correctly

## Related Files
- `config/settings.py` - Log configuration constants
- All services - Use get_logger(__name__)
- All pages - Display logs with get_recent_logs()
- `tests/test_logging_utils.py` - Unit tests

## Change History
- 2025-10-23: Initial creation for Streamlit migration
  - Extracted from character_forge.py (lines 44-143)
  - Generalized for all modules (not just Character Forge)
  - Added utility functions for structured logging
  - Added context manager for temporary log levels
  - Integrated with Settings configuration
  - Added comprehensive documentation