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import gradio as gr
from agno.agent import Agent
from agno.models.google import Gemini
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any
import tempfile
import os
import ast
import contextlib
import io
import sys
from PIL import Image
import subprocess
import json
class MultiLanguageExecutor:
"""A safer alternative to sandbox execution with support for multiple languages"""
def __init__(self, timeout=10):
self.timeout = timeout
self.allowed_modules = [
'math', 'datetime', 'collections', 'itertools',
'functools', 'heapq', 'bisect', 'array', 'string'
]
# Language configurations
self.language_configs = {
'python': {
'extension': '.py',
'run_command': lambda file: f'python "{file}"',
'comment_syntax': '#',
'sample_template': '''def main():
# Your code here
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()'''
},
'javascript': {
'extension': '.js',
'run_command': lambda file: f'node "{file}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''function main() {
// Your code here
}
main();'''
},
'typescript': {
'extension': '.ts',
'run_command': lambda file: f'npx ts-node "{file}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''function main(): void {
// Your code here
}
main();'''
},
'html': {
'extension': '.html',
'run_command': None, # HTML doesn't execute, just validate
'comment_syntax': '<!--',
'sample_template': '''<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Your content here -->
</body>
</html>'''
},
'css': {
'extension': '.css',
'run_command': None, # CSS doesn't execute, just validate
'comment_syntax': '/*',
'sample_template': '''/* Your CSS styles here */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}'''
},
'tsx': {
'extension': '.tsx',
'run_command': lambda file: f'npx ts-node "{file}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''import React from 'react';
const Component: React.FC = () => {
return (
<div>
{/* Your JSX here */}
</div>
);
};
export default Component;'''
},
'java': {
'extension': '.java',
'run_command': lambda file: f'javac "{file}" && java "{os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(file))[0]}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Your code here
}
}'''
},
'c': {
'extension': '.c',
'run_command': lambda file: f'gcc "{file}" -o "{os.path.splitext(file)[0]}" && "{os.path.splitext(file)[0]}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// Your code here
return 0;
}'''
},
'cpp': {
'extension': '.cpp',
'run_command': lambda file: f'g++ "{file}" -o "{os.path.splitext(file)[0]}" && "{os.path.splitext(file)[0]}"',
'comment_syntax': '//',
'sample_template': '''#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
// Your code here
return 0;
}'''
}
}
def run_code(self, code: str, language: str = 'python') -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Execute code in the specified language with restrictions"""
result = {
"success": False,
"output": "",
"error": "",
"logs": "",
"language": language
}
if language not in self.language_configs:
result["error"] = f"Unsupported language: {language}"
return result
config = self.language_configs[language]
# For markup languages (HTML, CSS), just validate syntax
if language in ['html', 'css']:
return self._validate_markup(code, language)
# For other languages, attempt execution
return self._execute_code(code, config, result)
def _validate_markup(self, code: str, language: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Validate HTML/CSS syntax"""
result = {
"success": True,
"output": f"✅ {language.upper()} code appears to be well-formed.",
"error": "",
"logs": "",
"language": language
}
# Basic validation
if language == 'html':
if not code.strip().startswith('<!DOCTYPE') and not code.strip().startswith('<html'):
result["logs"] = "Note: Consider adding DOCTYPE and html tags for complete HTML structure."
elif language == 'css':
if '{' in code and '}' not in code:
result["error"] = "CSS syntax error: Missing closing brace '}'"
result["success"] = False
return result
def _execute_code(self, code: str, config: Dict, result: Dict) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Execute code for compilable/interpretable languages"""
try:
# Create temporary file
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(
mode='w',
suffix=config['extension'],
delete=False,
encoding='utf-8'
) as tmp_file:
tmp_file.write(code)
tmp_file_path = tmp_file.name
# Special handling for Python (use the safer execution)
if result["language"] == 'python':
return self._run_python_safe(code)
# For other languages, use subprocess with timeout
if config['run_command']:
cmd = config['run_command'](tmp_file_path)
process = subprocess.run(
cmd,
shell=True,
capture_output=True,
text=True,
timeout=self.timeout,
cwd=os.path.dirname(tmp_file_path)
)
result["output"] = process.stdout
result["error"] = process.stderr
result["success"] = process.returncode == 0
if not result["success"] and not result["error"]:
result["error"] = f"Process exited with code {process.returncode}"
except subprocess.TimeoutExpired:
result["error"] = f"Execution timed out after {self.timeout} seconds"
except FileNotFoundError as e:
result["error"] = f"Required compiler/interpreter not found: {str(e)}"
except Exception as e:
result["error"] = f"Execution error: {str(e)}"
finally:
# Clean up temporary file
try:
if 'tmp_file_path' in locals() and os.path.exists(tmp_file_path):
os.remove(tmp_file_path)
# Also remove compiled files for C/C++/Java
base_name = os.path.splitext(tmp_file_path)[0]
for ext in ['.exe', '.class', '']:
compiled_file = base_name + ext
if os.path.exists(compiled_file):
os.remove(compiled_file)
except:
pass
return result
def _run_python_safe(self, code: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
"""Execute Python code safely with restrictions (same as original SafeCodeExecutor)"""
stdout_capture = io.StringIO()
stderr_capture = io.StringIO()
result = {
"success": False,
"output": "",
"error": "",
"logs": "",
"language": "python"
}
try:
# Parse and validate the code
parsed = ast.parse(code)
# Check for disallowed constructs
for node in ast.walk(parsed):
if isinstance(node, (ast.Import, ast.ImportFrom)):
for alias in node.names:
module_name = alias.name if isinstance(node, ast.Import) else node.module
if module_name and not any(module_name == allowed or module_name.startswith(allowed + '.')
for allowed in self.allowed_modules):
result["error"] = f"Import of module '{module_name}' is not allowed"
return result
# Disable dangerous functions/constructs
if isinstance(node, ast.Call) and isinstance(node.func, ast.Name):
if node.func.id in ['eval', 'exec', 'open', 'exit', 'quit', 'compile']:
result["error"] = f"Use of '{node.func.id}' function is not allowed"
return result
# Execute the code with restrictions
with contextlib.redirect_stdout(stdout_capture), contextlib.redirect_stderr(stderr_capture):
locals_dict = {}
exec(code, {"__builtins__": self._get_safe_builtins()}, locals_dict)
# Check if there's a main function or similar output
output = stdout_capture.getvalue()
if not output and "main" in locals_dict and callable(locals_dict["main"]):
output = str(locals_dict["main"]())
result["success"] = True
result["output"] = output
except Exception as e:
result["error"] = f"Execution error: {str(e)}"
result["logs"] = stderr_capture.getvalue()
return result
def _get_safe_builtins(self):
"""Create a safe subset of builtins"""
safe_builtins = {
'None': None,
'True': True,
'False': False,
'bool': bool,
'int': int,
'float': float,
'str': str,
'list': list,
'tuple': tuple,
'dict': dict,
'set': set,
'len': len,
'range': range,
'sum': sum,
'min': min,
'max': max,
'abs': abs,
'round': round,
'zip': zip,
'enumerate': enumerate,
'isinstance': isinstance,
'issubclass': issubclass,
'hasattr': hasattr,
'getattr': getattr,
'setattr': setattr,
}
return safe_builtins
class MultimodalCodingAgent:
def __init__(self, gemini_api_key: str):
self.gemini_api_key = gemini_api_key
self.executor = MultiLanguageExecutor()
# Create a single agent for all tasks
self.agent = Agent(
model=Gemini(id="gemini-2.0-flash", api_key=gemini_api_key),
markdown=True
)
# Store system prompt for use in individual requests
self.system_prompt = """You are a multimodal coding assistant. Your capabilities include:
1. Analyzing images containing code or problem statements
2. Generating code solutions for coding problems in multiple programming languages
3. Explaining and debugging code execution results
Follow these guidelines:
- For image analysis, extract and describe any code or problem statements clearly
- For code generation, write clean, efficient code with proper documentation in the requested language
- For execution results, provide clear explanations of outputs or errors
- Always prioritize security and avoid suggesting dangerous code constructs
- Generate code in the exact format and language requested by the user
- Match the user's requirements precisely without deviation"""
def process_image(self, image: Image.Image, language: str = 'python') -> str:
"""Process an image containing code or problem statement"""
prompt = f"""{self.system_prompt}
Analyze this image and extract any coding problem or code snippet shown.
Be very specific about what you see in the image. If you see actual code, transcribe it exactly.
Describe it in clear natural language, including any:
1. Problem statement or code functionality
2. Variable assignments and function definitions
3. Logic flow and conditions
4. Expected behavior or output
Format it as a proper coding problem description for {language} language.
IMPORTANT: If you see actual code in the image, describe exactly what the code does, don't create a generic problem."""
# Save image to a temporary file
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".png", delete=False) as tmp:
image.save(tmp.name, format="PNG")
tmp_path = tmp.name
try:
response = self.agent.run(
prompt,
images=[{"filepath": tmp_path}]
)
return response.content
except Exception as e:
error_msg = str(e)
if "503" in error_msg or "Service Unavailable" in error_msg:
return """⚠️ **Gemini API Temporarily Unavailable**
The Gemini vision service is currently experiencing issues (503 error). This is a temporary server-side problem.
**What you can do:**
1. Wait a few minutes and try again
2. Check the Gemini API status page
3. Or describe your code/problem in text instead
**Based on common code patterns, I can still help you if you describe what you saw in the image in the text field below.**"""
elif "API key" in error_msg:
return "❌ **API Key Error**: Please check that your Gemini API key is valid and has access to vision features."
elif "quota" in error_msg.lower() or "limit" in error_msg.lower():
return "❌ **Rate Limit/Quota Error**: You've exceeded the API usage limits. Please wait or upgrade your plan."
else:
return f"❌ **Error processing image**: {error_msg}\n\n💡 **Tip**: Try describing your code/problem in text instead."
finally:
# Clean up temporary file
if os.path.exists(tmp_path):
os.remove(tmp_path)
def generate_code(self, problem_description: str, language: str = 'python') -> str:
"""Generate code for a given problem description in the specified language"""
# Check if this is a multi-file project request
multi_file_keywords = [
'landing page', 'website', 'web app', 'mvp', 'portfolio',
'dashboard', 'form', 'html css js', 'html, css, js',
'html css javascript', 'full website', 'complete website'
]
is_multi_file = any(keyword in problem_description.lower() for keyword in multi_file_keywords)
if is_multi_file and language in ['html', 'css', 'javascript']:
return self._generate_multi_file_project(problem_description)
# Language-specific requirements and templates
language_specs = {
'python': {
'requirements': """1. Write clean, efficient Python code with proper documentation
2. Include proper function definitions with type hints
3. Handle edge cases appropriately
4. Include example usage if applicable
5. Only use standard library modules (no external dependencies)""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```python code block."
},
'javascript': {
'requirements': """1. Write modern JavaScript (ES6+) code with proper documentation
2. Use appropriate function declarations/expressions
3. Handle edge cases appropriately
4. Include example usage if applicable
5. Use built-in JavaScript features and methods""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```javascript code block."
},
'typescript': {
'requirements': """1. Write TypeScript code with proper type annotations
2. Use interfaces and types where appropriate
3. Handle edge cases appropriately
4. Include example usage if applicable
5. Follow TypeScript best practices""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```typescript code block."
},
'html': {
'requirements': """1. Write semantic HTML5 code
2. Use proper HTML structure and tags
3. Include appropriate meta tags and attributes
4. Follow accessibility best practices
5. Use semantic elements where applicable""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```html code block."
},
'css': {
'requirements': """1. Write clean, organized CSS code
2. Use appropriate selectors and properties
3. Follow CSS best practices and conventions
4. Include responsive design considerations if applicable
5. Use modern CSS features where appropriate""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```css code block."
},
'tsx': {
'requirements': """1. Write React TypeScript (TSX) code with proper types
2. Use React hooks and modern patterns
3. Include proper component structure
4. Follow React and TypeScript best practices
5. Handle props and state appropriately""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```tsx code block."
},
'java': {
'requirements': """1. Write clean Java code following conventions
2. Use appropriate access modifiers and OOP principles
3. Handle exceptions properly
4. Include proper class and method structure
5. Follow Java naming conventions""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```java code block."
},
'c': {
'requirements': """1. Write clean C code with proper structure
2. Include necessary headers
3. Handle memory management carefully
4. Use appropriate data types and functions
5. Follow C programming conventions""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```c code block."
},
'cpp': {
'requirements': """1. Write modern C++ code (C++11 or later)
2. Use appropriate STL containers and algorithms
3. Follow RAII principles and best practices
4. Include proper headers and namespaces
5. Handle exceptions and edge cases appropriately""",
'format_instruction': "Format your response with the code in a ```cpp code block."
}
}
spec = language_specs.get(language, language_specs['python'])
prompt = f"""{self.system_prompt}
Based on this problem description, write {language} code to solve it:
{problem_description}
Requirements:
{spec['requirements']}
{spec['format_instruction']}
IMPORTANT: Generate code that exactly matches what the user requested. Do not add extra features or modify the requirements. Provide the exact output format requested."""
try:
response = self.agent.run(prompt)
return response.content
except Exception as e:
return f"Error generating code: {str(e)}"
def _generate_multi_file_project(self, problem_description: str) -> str:
"""Generate a complete multi-file web project (HTML, CSS, JS)"""
prompt = f"""{self.system_prompt}
Create a complete web project based on this description:
{problem_description}
Generate a fully functional website with:
1. HTML file (index.html) - semantic, accessible structure
2. CSS file (styles.css) - modern, responsive styling
3. JavaScript file (script.js) - interactive functionality
Requirements:
- Make it responsive and mobile-friendly
- Use modern web standards (HTML5, CSS3, ES6+)
- Include proper meta tags and SEO basics
- Add smooth animations and interactions
- Follow accessibility best practices
- Make it visually appealing and professional
Format your response EXACTLY like this:
## 📁 Project Files
### 📄 index.html
```html
[Complete HTML code here]
```
### 🎨 styles.css
```css
[Complete CSS code here]
```
### ⚡ script.js
```javascript
[Complete JavaScript code here]
```
### 📋 Instructions
[Brief setup and usage instructions]
IMPORTANT:
- Generate complete, working code for each file
- Make sure all files work together seamlessly
- Include all necessary functionality requested
- Use proper file structure and organization
- Follow the exact format specified above"""
try:
response = self.agent.run(prompt)
return response.content
except Exception as e:
return f"Error generating multi-file project: {str(e)}"
def execute_and_explain(self, code: str, language: str = 'python') -> str:
"""Execute code and provide explanation of results"""
# Extract code from markdown if needed
code_blocks = [f'```{language}', f'```{language.lower()}', '```']
extracted_code = code
for block_start in code_blocks:
if block_start in code:
parts = code.split(block_start)
if len(parts) > 1:
extracted_code = parts[1].split("```")[0].strip()
break
# Execute the code
result = self.executor.run_code(extracted_code, language)
# Generate explanation
if result["success"]:
prompt = f"""{self.system_prompt}
The following {language} code was executed successfully:
```{language}
{extracted_code}
```
Output: {result['output']}
Logs: {result['logs']}
Please explain what the code does and the execution results for this {language} program."""
else:
prompt = f"""{self.system_prompt}
The following {language} code failed to execute:
```{language}
{extracted_code}
```
Error: {result['error']}
Logs: {result['logs']}
Please analyze the error and suggest fixes for this {language} code."""
try:
response = self.agent.run(prompt)
return response.content
except Exception as e:
return f"Error explaining execution: {str(e)}\n\nRaw execution result: {str(result)}"
def save_project_files(self, content: str, project_name: str = "generated_project") -> str:
"""Save multi-file project to disk and return the file paths"""
if "## 📁 Project Files" not in content:
return ""
try:
# Create project directory
project_dir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), project_name)
os.makedirs(project_dir, exist_ok=True)
saved_files = []
# Extract and save HTML file
if "### 📄 index.html" in content:
html_start = content.find("```html")
if html_start != -1:
html_start = html_start + 7
html_end = content.find("```", html_start)
if html_end != -1:
html_content = content[html_start:html_end].strip()
html_path = os.path.join(project_dir, "index.html")
with open(html_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(html_content)
saved_files.append("index.html")
# Extract and save CSS file
if "### 🎨 styles.css" in content:
css_start = content.find("```css")
if css_start != -1:
css_start = css_start + 6
css_end = content.find("```", css_start)
if css_end != -1:
css_content = content[css_start:css_end].strip()
css_path = os.path.join(project_dir, "styles.css")
with open(css_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(css_content)
saved_files.append("styles.css")
# Extract and save JavaScript file
if "### ⚡ script.js" in content:
js_start = content.find("```javascript")
if js_start != -1:
js_start = js_start + 13
js_end = content.find("```", js_start)
if js_end != -1:
js_content = content[js_start:js_end].strip()
js_path = os.path.join(project_dir, "script.js")
with open(js_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write(js_content)
saved_files.append("script.js")
if saved_files:
return f"\n\n### 💾 Files Saved Successfully!\n📁 Project saved to: `{project_dir}`\n📋 Files created: {', '.join(saved_files)}\n\n🌐 **To view your website**: Open `index.html` in your web browser!"
except Exception as e:
return f"\n\n❌ Error saving files: {str(e)}"
return ""
def create_gradio_interface():
"""Create the Gradio interface for the coding agent"""
agent_instance = None
def process_input(api_key, language, image, text_input, save_files):
nonlocal agent_instance
# Initialize agent if not already done
if not agent_instance:
if not api_key:
return "Please enter your Gemini API key first."
try:
agent_instance = MultimodalCodingAgent(api_key)
except Exception as e:
return f"Error initializing agent: {str(e)}"
# Check if this is a multi-file project request
multi_file_keywords = [
'landing page', 'website', 'web app', 'mvp', 'portfolio',
'dashboard', 'form', 'html css js', 'html, css, js',
'html css javascript', 'full website', 'complete website'
]
input_text = text_input if text_input else ""
is_multi_file_request = any(keyword in input_text.lower() for keyword in multi_file_keywords)
# Process based on input type
if image is not None:
# Process image
problem_description = agent_instance.process_image(image, language)
# Check if image processing failed
if "⚠️" in problem_description or "❌" in problem_description:
return problem_description
# Generate code from the problem description
code = agent_instance.generate_code(problem_description, language)
# Handle multi-file projects
if is_multi_file_request or "## 📁 Project Files" in code:
result = f"**Extracted Problem ({language.upper()}):**\n{problem_description}\n\n{code}"
if save_files:
save_result = agent_instance.save_project_files(code, "extracted_project")
result += save_result
return result
# Execute and explain the code (if it's an executable language)
elif language in ['python', 'javascript', 'typescript', 'tsx', 'java', 'c', 'cpp']:
explanation = agent_instance.execute_and_explain(code, language)
return f"**Extracted Problem ({language.upper()}):**\n{problem_description}\n\n**Generated Code:**\n{code}\n\n**Execution Results:**\n{explanation}"
else:
return f"**Extracted Problem ({language.upper()}):**\n{problem_description}\n\n**Generated Code:**\n{code}\n\n**Note:** {language.upper()} code cannot be executed but has been validated for syntax."
elif text_input:
# Generate code from text input
code = agent_instance.generate_code(text_input, language)
# Handle multi-file projects
if is_multi_file_request or "## 📁 Project Files" in code:
result = f"{code}"
if save_files:
save_result = agent_instance.save_project_files(code, "generated_project")
result += save_result
return result
# Execute and explain the code (if it's an executable language)
elif language in ['python', 'javascript', 'typescript', 'tsx', 'java', 'c', 'cpp']:
explanation = agent_instance.execute_and_explain(code, language)
return f"**Generated Code ({language.upper()}):**\n{code}\n\n**Execution Results:**\n{explanation}"
else:
return f"**Generated Code ({language.upper()}):**\n{code}\n\n**Note:** {language.upper()} code cannot be executed but has been validated for syntax."
else:
return "Please provide either an image or text input."
# Create Gradio interface
with gr.Blocks(title="Multimodal Coding Agent", theme=gr.themes.Soft()) as demo:
gr.Markdown("# 🚀 Multimodal Coding Agent")
gr.Markdown("Upload an image of a coding problem or describe it in text, and I'll generate and execute a solution in your chosen programming language!")
with gr.Row():
api_key = gr.Textbox(
label="🔑 Gemini API Key",
type="password",
placeholder="Enter your Gemini API key here",
scale=3
)
language_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(
label="💻 Programming Language",
choices=[
"python", "javascript", "typescript", "tsx",
"java", "c", "cpp", "html", "css"
],
value="python",
scale=1
)
with gr.Row():
with gr.Column():
image_input = gr.Image(
label="📸 Upload Image of Coding Problem",
type="pil"
)
text_input = gr.Textbox(
label="✏️ Or Describe Your Coding Problem",
lines=5,
placeholder="Example: Write a function to reverse a string\n\nFor web projects, try:\n- Make a MVP landing page using HTML, CSS and JS\n- Create a portfolio website\n- Build a responsive dashboard"
)
with gr.Row():
submit_btn = gr.Button("🎯 Generate & Execute Solution", variant="primary", scale=3)
save_files_checkbox = gr.Checkbox(
label="💾 Save files to disk",
value=False,
scale=1,
info="Auto-save multi-file projects"
)
with gr.Column():
output = gr.Markdown(label="📋 Results", value="", height=600)
# Language info display
with gr.Row():
gr.Markdown("""
### 📚 Supported Languages & Features:
- **Python**: Full execution with safety restrictions
- **JavaScript/TypeScript**: Requires Node.js/ts-node
- **Java**: Requires JDK for compilation and execution
- **C/C++**: Requires GCC/G++ compiler
- **HTML/CSS**: Syntax validation + Multi-file web projects
- **TSX**: React TypeScript components (requires setup)
### 🌐 Multi-File Web Projects:
Use keywords like "landing page", "website", "MVP", "portfolio" to generate complete web projects with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files automatically organized and saved!
### 📸 Image Processing Tips:
- **If image processing fails (503 errors)**: This is usually temporary - wait a few minutes and retry
- **Alternative**: Describe your code in text instead of uploading an image
- **Best images**: Clear, high-contrast code screenshots work best
### ⚠️ Prerequisites:
Make sure you have the required compilers/interpreters installed for code execution.
""")
submit_btn.click(
fn=process_input,
inputs=[api_key, language_dropdown, image_input, text_input, save_files_checkbox],
outputs=output
)
# Add examples
gr.Examples(
examples=[
["python", None, "Write a function to find the factorial of a number", False],
["javascript", None, "Create a function to check if a string is a palindrome", False],
["html", None, "Make a MVP landing page using HTML, CSS and JS", True],
["html", None, "Create a responsive portfolio website", True],
["html", None, "Build a modern dashboard with navigation", True],
["java", None, "Write a class to implement a simple calculator", False],
["css", None, "Design a card component with hover effects", False],
],
inputs=[language_dropdown, image_input, text_input, save_files_checkbox],
)
return demo
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo = create_gradio_interface()
demo.launch() |