"""Deterministic template families for structural reorder."""

from __future__ import annotations

import re
from functools import lru_cache

from app.engine.models import SentenceSlots, TemplateCandidate
from app.pipeline.nlp import get_nlp


# Directional phrases are usually verb arguments ("went to school"), and
# fronting an argument reads as marked ("To school, Ram went"). Locative
# prepositions are adjuncts and front cleanly ("In the library, students read").
_DIRECTIONAL_PLACE = re.compile(
    r"^(to|into|onto|towards?|from|out of)\b", re.IGNORECASE
)


def _place_fronts_cleanly(slots: SentenceSlots) -> bool:
    return bool(slots.place) and not _DIRECTIONAL_PLACE.match(slots.place.strip())


def rank_templates(slots: SentenceSlots) -> list[TemplateCandidate]:
    """Return confidence-ranked template candidates (never random)."""
    if not slots.subject or not slots.verb_phrase:
        return []
    if slots.confidence < 0.45 or "low_confidence" in slots.reasons:
        return []

    out: list[TemplateCandidate] = []

    if slots.time and slots.manner and (slots.place or slots.object):
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("time_subj_manner_verb_place", 0.9))
    if slots.time and slots.place:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("time_subj_verb_place", 0.8))
    if slots.time and slots.object:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("time_subj_verb_object", 0.78))
    if slots.time:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("time_subj_verb_object_place", 0.72))
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_verb_object_time", 0.68))
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("time_front", 0.64))
    if slots.place and slots.subject and slots.verb_phrase:
        if _place_fronts_cleanly(slots):
            out.append(TemplateCandidate("place_front", 0.74))
    if slots.manner and slots.place:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_manner_verb_place", 0.7))
    if slots.manner and slots.object:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_manner_verb_rest", 0.66))
    if slots.manner:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("adv_subj_verb_object", 0.72))
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_manner_verb_rest", 0.65))
    if slots.place:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_verb_place", 0.6))
    if slots.object:
        out.append(TemplateCandidate("subj_verb_object", 0.58))

    seen: set[str] = set()
    ranked: list[TemplateCandidate] = []
    for c in sorted(out, key=lambda x: -x.confidence):
        if c.template_id in seen:
            continue
        seen.add(c.template_id)
        ranked.append(c)
    return ranked


def _cap(text: str) -> str:
    t = (text or "").strip()
    if not t:
        return t
    return t[0].upper() + t[1:]


def _cont(phrase: str, slots: SentenceSlots) -> str:
    """Lowercase a moved subject unless its parsed head is a proper noun."""
    p = (phrase or "").strip()
    if not p:
        return p
    first = p.split()[0].strip("\"'")
    for ent in slots.entities:
        ent_first = ent.split()[0]
        if first == ent_first and ent_first[:1].isupper():
            return p
    if p == slots.subject and not slots.subject_is_proper and first:
        return first.lower() + p[len(first) :]
    return p


def _join_slots(*parts: str) -> str:
    bits = [p.strip() for p in parts if p and p.strip()]
    s = " ".join(bits)
    s = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", s).strip()
    s = re.sub(r"\s+([,.;:!?])", r"\1", s)
    return s


def _terminal(text: str) -> str:
    if text.rstrip().endswith(("!", "?")):
        return text.rstrip()[-1]
    return "."


@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
def _initial_subordinate_parts(text: str) -> tuple[str, str, str, bool] | None:
    """Return an initial parsed adverbial clause and its main clause."""
    raw = (text or "").strip()
    if "," not in raw:
        return None
    nlp = get_nlp()
    if nlp is None:
        return None
    try:
        doc = nlp(raw)
    except Exception:
        return None
    comma = next((token for token in doc if token.text == ","), None)
    root = next((token for token in doc if token.dep_ == "ROOT"), None)
    if comma is None or root is None or root.i <= comma.i:
        return None
    clause = next(
        (
            token
            for token in doc
            if token.dep_ == "advcl"
            and min(part.i for part in token.subtree) == 0
            and max(part.i for part in token.subtree) < comma.i
            and any(
                part.dep_ == "mark" or part.pos_ == "SCONJ"
                for part in token.subtree
            )
        ),
        None,
    )
    if clause is None:
        return None

    end = _terminal(raw)
    core = raw[:-1].rstrip() if raw.endswith((".", "!", "?")) else raw
    subordinate, main = (part.strip() for part in core.split(",", 1))
    if len(subordinate.split()) < 3 or len(main.split()) < 3:
        return None
    return subordinate, main, end, doc[0].dep_ == "mark"


def can_swap_initial_subordinate(text: str) -> bool:
    return _initial_subordinate_parts(text) is not None


def try_complex_clause_swap(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Move a parsed initial adverbial clause behind the main clause."""
    parts = _initial_subordinate_parts(text)
    if parts is None:
        return None
    subordinate, main, end, needs_comma = parts
    continuation = subordinate[0].lower() + subordinate[1:]
    separator = ", " if needs_comma else " "
    return f"{_cap(main)}{separator}{continuation}{end}"


# Connectives relate the sentence to the previous one; moving them to the tail
# breaks the link the writer set up.
_DISCOURSE_OPENERS = frozenset(
    {
        "however", "moreover", "therefore", "thus", "also", "instead",
        "nevertheless", "nonetheless", "meanwhile", "furthermore", "besides",
        "otherwise", "consequently", "similarly", "conversely", "finally",
        "first", "firstly", "second", "secondly", "third", "thirdly", "next",
        "then", "overall", "generally", "typically", "unfortunately",
        "fortunately", "importantly", "specifically", "notably",
    }
)


@lru_cache(maxsize=2048)
def try_unfront_opener(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Move a sentence-initial modifier phrase to the end.

    The inverse of the ``*_front`` family. Fronted openers are otherwise a dead
    end: the fronting templates regenerate the same sentence, so a text that
    already opens with "For the success of any business, ..." has no remaining
    structural move.
    """
    raw = (text or "").strip()
    if "," not in raw:
        return None
    nlp = get_nlp()
    if nlp is None:
        return None
    try:
        doc = nlp(raw)
    except Exception:
        return None

    comma = next((token for token in doc if token.text == ","), None)
    root = next((token for token in doc if token.dep_ == "ROOT"), None)
    if comma is None or root is None or root.i <= comma.i:
        return None
    # A second comma usually means a list or an embedded aside; the opener is
    # then no longer a clean prefix to relocate.
    if any(token.text == "," for token in doc[comma.i + 1 :]):
        return None

    opener_head = next(
        (
            token
            for token in doc
            if token.head.i == root.i
            and token.dep_ in {"prep", "advmod", "npadvmod", "nmod"}
            and min(part.i for part in token.subtree) == 0
            and max(part.i for part in token.subtree) == comma.i - 1
        ),
        None,
    )
    if opener_head is None:
        return None
    if doc[0].lower_ in _DISCOURSE_OPENERS:
        return None
    # The subject must follow the comma, otherwise the "opener" is really part
    # of the subject and moving it would strand the verb. Copular sentences
    # carry a clausal subject ("providing good service is vital").
    subject = next(
        (
            child
            for child in root.children
            if child.dep_ in {"nsubj", "nsubjpass", "csubj"}
        ),
        None,
    )
    if subject is None or subject.i < comma.i:
        return None

    end = _terminal(raw)
    core = raw[:-1].rstrip() if raw.endswith((".", "!", "?")) else raw
    opener, main = (part.strip() for part in core.split(",", 1))
    if len(opener.split()) < 2 or len(main.split()) < 4:
        return None
    continuation = opener[0].lower() + opener[1:] if not doc[0].pos_ == "PROPN" else opener
    return f"{_cap(main)} {continuation}{end}"


def _manner_before_verb(slots: SentenceSlots) -> bool:
    return not slots.verb_starts_with_aux


def _object_without_place(slots: SentenceSlots) -> str:
    obj = (slots.object or "").strip()
    place = (slots.place or "").strip()
    if place and obj and place in obj:
        obj = obj.replace(place, "").strip(" ,")
        obj = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", obj).strip()
    return obj


def fill_template(template_id: str, slots: SentenceSlots) -> str | None:
    """Build sentence from slots using the selected template (reorder only)."""
    s = slots
    end = _terminal(s.text)
    tid = template_id
    obj = _object_without_place(s)

    if tid == "place_front":
        if not s.place:
            return None
        # Copula/AUX: Subject + Verb + Manner + Object (not Subject + Manner + Verb)
        if _manner_before_verb(s):
            body = _join_slots(
                _cap(s.place) + ",",
                _cont(s.subject, s),
                s.manner,
                s.verb_phrase,
                obj,
                s.time,
            )
        else:
            body = _join_slots(
                _cap(s.place) + ",",
                _cont(s.subject, s),
                s.verb_phrase,
                s.manner,
                obj,
                s.time,
            )
        out = body + end
        if out.lower().rstrip(".!?") == s.text.lower().rstrip(".!?"):
            return None
        return out

    if tid == "time_subj_manner_verb_place":
        place_or_obj = s.place or obj
        if _manner_before_verb(s):
            body = _join_slots(
                _cap(s.time) + ",", _cont(s.subject, s), s.manner, s.verb_phrase, place_or_obj
            )
        else:
            body = _join_slots(
                _cap(s.time) + ",", _cont(s.subject, s), s.verb_phrase, s.manner, place_or_obj
            )
        return body + end

    if tid == "time_subj_verb_place":
        body = _join_slots(_cap(s.time) + ",", _cont(s.subject, s), s.verb_phrase, s.place)
        return body + end

    if tid == "time_subj_verb_object":
        body = _join_slots(
            _cap(s.time) + ",",
            _cont(s.subject, s),
            s.verb_phrase,
            obj,
            s.manner,
            s.place if s.place not in (obj or "") else "",
        )
        return body + end

    if tid == "time_subj_verb_object_place":
        body = _join_slots(
            _cap(s.time) + ",",
            _cont(s.subject, s),
            s.verb_phrase,
            obj,
            s.place,
            s.manner,
        )
        return body + end

    if tid == "subj_verb_object_time":
        body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.verb_phrase, obj, s.place, s.manner, s.time)
        return body + end

    if tid == "adv_subj_verb_object":
        body = _join_slots(
            _cap(s.manner) + ",",
            _cont(s.subject, s),
            s.verb_phrase,
            obj,
            s.place,
            s.time,
        )
        return body + end

    if tid == "subj_manner_verb_place":
        if _manner_before_verb(s):
            body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.manner, s.verb_phrase, s.place)
        else:
            body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.verb_phrase, s.manner, s.place)
        return body + end

    if tid == "time_front":
        if s.time and re.search(
            rf"\b(for|over|within|during)\s+{re.escape(s.time)}\b",
            s.text,
            flags=re.I,
        ):
            return None
        if s.subject and s.verb_phrase:
            body = _join_slots(
                _cap(s.time) + ",",
                _cont(s.subject, s),
                s.verb_phrase,
                obj,
                s.place,
                s.manner,
            )
            return body.rstrip(".!?") + end
        rest = s.text
        if s.time:
            rest = re.sub(rf"\b{re.escape(s.time)}\b", "", rest, count=1, flags=re.I)
            rest = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", rest).strip(" ,.")
        if not rest:
            return None
        if re.search(r"\b(for|over|within|during)\s+(every|each|\.|$)", rest, flags=re.I):
            return None
        body = _join_slots(_cap(s.time) + ",", _cont(rest, s))
        return body.rstrip(".!?") + end

    if tid == "subj_manner_verb_rest":
        if _manner_before_verb(s):
            body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.manner, s.verb_phrase, obj, s.place, s.time)
        else:
            body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.verb_phrase, s.manner, obj, s.place, s.time)
        return body + end

    if tid == "subj_verb_place":
        body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.verb_phrase, s.place, s.time, s.manner)
        return body + end

    if tid == "subj_verb_object":
        body = _join_slots(_cap(s.subject), s.verb_phrase, obj, s.place, s.time, s.manner)
        return body + end

    return None


def try_because_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Main … because Sub → Because Sub, main …"""
    raw = (text or "").strip()
    if not raw:
        return None
    end = "."
    m_end = re.search(r"[.!?]+$", raw)
    if m_end:
        end = m_end.group(0)
        raw = raw[: m_end.start()].strip()
    m = re.match(r"^(?P<main>.+?)\s+because\s+(?P<sub>.+)$", raw, flags=re.I)
    if not m:
        return None
    main = m.group("main").strip(" ,")
    sub = m.group("sub").strip(" ,")
    if len(main.split()) < 3 or len(sub.split()) < 2:
        return None
    if re.search(r"\bbecause\b", main, flags=re.I) or re.search(
        r"\bbecause\b", sub, flags=re.I
    ):
        return None
    body = (
        f"Because {sub[0].lower() + sub[1:]}, "
        f"{main[0].lower() + main[1:]}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def _sentence_end(text: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
    raw = (text or "").strip()
    end = "."
    m_end = re.search(r"[.!?]+$", raw)
    if m_end:
        end = m_end.group(0)
        raw = raw[: m_end.start()].strip()
    return raw, end


def try_for_purpose_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """X is essential for Y → For Y, x is essential."""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<head>.+?)\s+(?P<be>is|are|was|were)\s+"
        r"(?P<adj>essential|important|critical|necessary|vital|crucial)\s+"
        r"for\s+(?P<purpose>.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    head = match.group("head").strip(" ,")
    purpose = match.group("purpose").strip(" ,")
    if len(head.split()) < 3 or len(purpose.split()) < 2:
        return None
    if re.search(r"\bfor\b", head, flags=re.I):
        return None
    lowered = head[0].lower() + head[1:] if head[:1].isupper() else head
    body = (
        f"For {purpose}, {lowered} {match.group('be')} {match.group('adj')}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_in_pp_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """… play/take … in Y → In Y, …"""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<head>.+?)\s+"
        r"(?P<verb>play|plays|take|takes|have|has|hold|holds)\s+"
        r"(?P<object>(?:an?\s+)?(?:important\s+|key\s+|major\s+)?(?:role|roles|part|parts|place))\s+"
        r"in\s+(?P<place>.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    head = match.group("head").strip(" ,")
    place = match.group("place").strip(" ,")
    if len(head.split()) < 2 or len(place.split()) < 2:
        return None
    lowered = head[0].lower() + head[1:] if head[:1].isupper() else head
    body = (
        f"In {place}, {lowered} {match.group('verb')} {match.group('object')}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_copula_np_invert(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Subject + is/are a/an/the NP → NP is/are subject."""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<subj>[A-Z][^,]{1,100}?)\s+"
        r"(?P<be>is|are|was|were)\s+"
        r"(?P<pred>(?:a|an|the)\s+[^,;:]+)$",
        raw,
        flags=0,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    subject = match.group("subj").strip(" ,")
    predicate = match.group("pred").strip(" ,")
    be = match.group("be")
    if len(subject.split()) < 1 or len(predicate.split()) < 2:
        return None
    # Avoid inverting long clausal subjects with internal finite verbs.
    if re.search(
        r"\b(that|which|who|when|where|because|while|although)\b",
        subject,
        flags=re.I,
    ):
        return None
    front = predicate[0].upper() + predicate[1:]
    lowered = subject[0].lower() + subject[1:] if subject[:1].isupper() else subject
    if re.match(r"^(a|an)\b", predicate, flags=re.I) and be in {"are", "were"}:
        be = "is" if be == "are" else "was"
    if re.match(r"^the\b", predicate, flags=re.I) and be in {"is", "was"}:
        # Keep agreement for pluralish subjects ending with s when obvious.
        if subject.lower().endswith("s") and not subject.lower().endswith(
            ("ss", "ness", "ics")
        ):
            be = "are" if be == "is" else "were"
    body = f"{front} {be} {lowered}"
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_when_clause_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Main … when Sub → When Sub, main …"""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<main>.+?)\s+when\s+(?P<sub>.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    main = match.group("main").strip(" ,")
    sub = match.group("sub").strip(" ,")
    if len(main.split()) < 4 or len(sub.split()) < 3:
        return None
    if re.search(r"\bwhen\b", main, flags=re.I) or re.search(
        r"\bwhen\b", sub, flags=re.I
    ):
        return None
    body = (
        f"When {sub[0].lower() + sub[1:]}, "
        f"{main[0].lower() + main[1:]}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_by_agent_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """… are/is VERBen by AGENT → By AGENT, … are/is VERBen."""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<head>.+?)\s+"
        r"(?P<be>is|are|was|were)\s+"
        r"(?P<verb>\w+ed|\w+en)\s+"
        r"by\s+(?P<agent>.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    head = match.group("head").strip(" ,")
    agent = match.group("agent").strip(" ,")
    if len(head.split()) < 3 or len(agent.split()) < 2:
        return None
    if re.search(r"\bby\b", head, flags=re.I):
        return None
    lowered = head[0].lower() + head[1:] if head[:1].isupper() else head
    body = (
        f"By {agent}, {lowered} {match.group('be')} {match.group('verb')}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_in_both_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """X is Y in both A and B → In both A and B, x is Y."""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<head>.+?)\s+"
        r"(?P<be>is|are|was|were)\s+"
        r"(?P<pred>.+?)\s+"
        r"in both\s+(?P<scope>.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    head = match.group("head").strip(" ,")
    pred = match.group("pred").strip(" ,")
    scope = match.group("scope").strip(" ,")
    if len(head.split()) < 1 or len(pred.split()) < 2 or len(scope.split()) < 3:
        return None
    lowered = head[0].lower() + head[1:] if head[:1].isupper() else head
    body = (
        f"In both {scope}, {lowered} {match.group('be')} {pred}"
    )
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end


def try_such_as_front(text: str) -> str | None:
    """Label such as EXAMPLES can TAIL → EXAMPLES can TAIL as label."""
    raw, end = _sentence_end(text)
    match = re.match(
        r"^(?P<label>(?:[A-Za-z]+(?:\s+[A-Za-z]+){0,3}))\s+"
        r"such as\s+(?P<examples>.+?)\s+"
        r"(?P<tail>(?:can|could|may|might|will|would)\s+.+)$",
        raw,
        flags=re.I,
    )
    if not match:
        return None
    label = match.group("label").strip()
    examples = match.group("examples").strip(" ,")
    tail = match.group("tail").strip(" ,")
    if len(examples.split()) < 3 or len(tail.split()) < 3:
        return None
    front = examples[0].upper() + examples[1:]
    body = f"{front} {tail} as {label[0].lower() + label[1:]}"
    return re.sub(r"\s+", " ", body).strip() + end