Update app.py

app.py

@@ -47,20 +47,32 @@ def stream_response(title_text, abstract_text):
 # Example data
 example_map = {
     "Example 1": [
-        "Effects of low-dose rivaroxaban combined with low-dose aspirin versus low-dose aspirin alone on in vivo platelet activation...",
-        "Aims: A very-low-dose regimen of the anti-factor Xa rivaroxaban combined with low-dose aspirin reduces vascular events more than aspirin alone in atherosclerotic patients, including those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM)..."
+        "Effects of low-dose rivaroxaban combined with low-dose aspirin versus low-dose aspirin alone on in vivo platelet activation, endothelial function and inflammation in type 2 diabetes patients with stable atherosclerotic disease: the RivAsa randomized, crossover study",
+        """A very-low-dose regimen of the anti-factor Xa rivaroxaban combined with low-dose aspirin reduces vascular events more than aspirin alone in atherosclerotic patients, including those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Given the high platelet activation in T2DM patients, we investigated whether this combination reduces platelet activation versus aspirin alone and the possible mechanisms.
+
+Methods: Seventy-5 patients (12 females, aged 69 [65-72]), with stable atherothrombotic disease, on low-dose aspirin, participated in a randomized, cross-over, open-label, study with two arms: 4-week aspirin (100 mg once-daily) followed by 4-week aspirin plus rivaroxaban (2.5 mg twice-daily); 4-week aspirin plus rivaroxaban followed by 4-week aspirin. We investigated: in vivo platelet activation by urinary thromboxane A2 metabolite (TXM), thrombin generation (TG), endothelial function by urinary prostacyclin and plasma nitric oxide metabolites, lipid oxidation by urinary isoprostane, inflammation, coagulation biomarkers.
+
+Results: No carryover effects were observed. Rivaroxaban plus aspirin significantly reduced urinary TXM and isoprostane versus aspirin alone (20% [95 %CI:5-31 %] and 19% [12-26%], respectively, n = 73, p < 0.01). At rivaroxaban's maximal concentration, TG velocity index and peak were reduced by 44% [37-52%] and 81%[75-87%], respectively, versus aspirin alone. Inflammation and endothelial biomarkers were unchanged.
+
+Conclusions: Very-low-dose rivaroxaban and low-dose aspirin in T2DM patients significantly inhibit in vivo platelet function, TG and isoprostane formation. EudraCT Number: 2019-000610-10."""
     ],
     "Example 2": [
         "Rare Case of Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia in a 32-Year-Old Patient with Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report",
-        "Chronic limb-threatening ischemia represents the end stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD)..."
+        """Chronic limb-threatening ischemia represents the end stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD), primarily affecting individuals over 60 years old. While quite rare, nephrotic syndrome (NS) is recognized for increasing the susceptibility to arterial thromboembolism (ATE). A 32-year-old male complained of resting pain in his left leg and pain after walking 50 meters with his right leg. He had a 9-year history of NS confirmed through biopsy and was on a daily regimen of 2 × 360 mg mycophenolic acid and 1 × 8 mg methylprednisolone. He had no history of hypertension, diabetes, or smoking. Atrophy and ulcers were observed on his left leg. Laboratory tests revealed elevated D-dimer and borderline high cholesterol levels. The right ankle-brachial index was 0.5, and for the left, it was 0.33. Computed tomography angiography identified occlusion in the left external iliac artery and right superficial femoral artery (SFA). The patient underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with a plain balloon on both legs and an additional drug-eluting stent on the left SFA. He was discharged on rivaroxaban, clopidogrel, aspirin, simvastatin, mycophenolic acid, and methylprednisolone, with no complaints. The mechanism behind NS-caused ATE remains unclear, although it is associated with the loss of anticoagulants in urine, increased procoagulant activity, altered fibrinolytic systems, thrombocytosis, and enhanced platelet activation. Prolonged corticosteroid therapy in NS management also amplifies the risk of thromboembolism by promoting a hypercoagulable state. We suspected NS and the prolonged use of corticosteroids as risk factors for ATE, manifested as PAD in our patient. While optimal NS therapy may reduce the risk of PAD, prolonged corticosteroid use should be closely monitored."""
     ],
     "Example 3": [
         "Rate and predictors of white matter disease volume progression across different age groups",
-        "Background: White matter disease (WMD) is common among aging populations and associated with adverse neurological outcomes..."
+        """Background and objectives: White matter disease (WMD) is common among aging populations and is associated with adverse neurological outcomes. While age is a known risk factor for WMD burden, the precise relationship between age and the rate of WMD volume progression remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the age-dependent acceleration of WMD volume progression across different age groups and its potential clinical implications.
+
+Methods: This retrospective study included 2356 patients aged 40 years or older who underwent longitudinal MRI brain scans between 2011 and 2019 at Mayo Clinic. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including vascular risk factors, were collected. The primary outcome was the annual rate of WMD volume progression, which was analyzed across the five age groups (40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80-99 years). Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) assessed the effect of different age groups on WMD progression, while linear ridge regression was used to identify predictors of WMD progression.
+
+Results: The mean age of the cohort was 67.6 ± 11.5 years, with 52.7 % female and 95.1 % White. The baseline WMD volume averaged 13.05 ± 14.49 cm³, increasing to 18.30 ± 17.10 cm³ after a median follow-up of 4.8 years, corresponding to an annual progression rate of 1.19 ± 3.01 cm³/year. The annualized rate of WMD volume progression increased significantly with age, from 0.39 cc/year in the 40-49 age group to 1.63 cc/year in the 80-99 age group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the linear ridge regression model identified age, female sex, ever-smoker, diabetes, and baseline WMD volume as significant predictors of faster WMD progression (p < 0.05).
+
+Conclusion: Our study revealed a significant age-dependent acceleration in WMD volume progression. Age, female sex, ever smoker, diabetes, and baseline WMD volume emerged as significant predictors of the rate of WMD volume progression."""
     ],
     "Example 4": [
         "White matter integrity and pro-inflammatory cytokines as predictors of antidepressant response in MDD",
-        "Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multifactorial mental disorder that often involves immune dysregulation..."
+        """Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a multifactorial, serious and heterogeneous mental disorder that can lead to chronic recurrent symptoms, treatment resistance and suicidal behavior. MDD often involves immune dysregulation with high peripheral levels of inflammatory cytokines that might have an influence on the clinical course and treatment response. Moreover, patients with MDD show brain volume changes as well as white matter (WM) alterations that are already existing in the early stage of illness. Mounting evidence suggests that both neuroimaging markers, such as WM integrity and blood markers, such as inflammatory cytokines might serve as predictors of treatment response in MDD. However, the relationship between peripheral inflammation, WM structure and antidepressant response is not yet clearly understood. The aim of the present review is to elucidate the association between inflammation and WM integrity and its impact on the pathophysiology and progression of MDD as well as the role of possible novel biomarkers of treatment response to improve MDD prevention and treatment strategies."""
     ]
 }