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src/email_sender.py

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+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+"""Utilities for opening files or URLs in the registered default application
+and for sending e-mail using the user's preferred composer.
+
+https://stackoverflow.com/a/19779373/3211506
+
+"""
+
+__version__ = "1.1"
+__all__ = ["open", "mailto"]
+
+import os
+import sys
+import webbrowser
+import subprocess
+
+from email.utils import encode_rfc2231
+
+_controllers = {}
+_open = None
+
+fileopen = open
+
+
+class BaseController(object):
+    """Base class for open program controllers."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def open(self, filename):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+class Controller(BaseController):
+    """Controller for a generic open program."""
+
+    def __init__(self, *args):
+        super(Controller, self).__init__(os.path.basename(args[0]))
+        self.args = list(args)
+
+    def _invoke(self, cmdline):
+        if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
+            closefds = False
+            startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO()
+            startupinfo.dwFlags |= subprocess.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
+        else:
+            closefds = True
+            startupinfo = None
+
+        if (
+            os.environ.get("DISPLAY")
+            or sys.platform[:3] == "win"
+            or sys.platform == "darwin"
+        ):
+            inout = fileopen(os.devnull, "r+")
+        else:
+            # for TTY programs, we need stdin/out
+            inout = None
+
+        # if possible, put the child precess in separate process group,
+        # so keyboard interrupts don't affect child precess as well as
+        # Python
+        setsid = getattr(os, "setsid", None)
+        if not setsid:
+            setsid = getattr(os, "setpgrp", None)
+
+        pipe = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmdline,
+            stdin=inout,
+            stdout=inout,
+            stderr=inout,
+            close_fds=closefds,
+            preexec_fn=setsid,
+            startupinfo=startupinfo,
+        )
+
+        # It is assumed that this kind of tools (gnome-open, kfmclient,
+        # exo-open, xdg-open and open for OSX) immediately exit after lauching
+        # the specific application
+        returncode = pipe.wait()
+        if hasattr(self, "fixreturncode"):
+            returncode = self.fixreturncode(returncode)
+        return not returncode
+
+    def open(self, filename):
+        if isinstance(filename, str):
+            cmdline = self.args + [filename]
+        else:
+            # assume it is a sequence
+            cmdline = self.args + filename
+        try:
+            return self._invoke(cmdline)
+        except OSError:
+            return False
+
+
+# Platform support for Windows
+if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
+
+    class Start(BaseController):
+        """Controller for the win32 start progam through os.startfile."""
+
+        def open(self, filename):
+            try:
+                os.startfile(filename)
+            except WindowsError:
+                # [Error 22] No application is associated with the specified
+                # file for this operation: '<URL>'
+                return False
+            else:
+                return True
+
+    _controllers["windows-default"] = Start("start")
+    _open = _controllers["windows-default"].open
+
+
+# Platform support for MacOS
+elif sys.platform == "darwin":
+    _controllers["open"] = Controller("open")
+    _open = _controllers["open"].open
+
+# Platform support for Unix
+else:
+    import subprocess, stat
+
+    # @WARNING: use the private API of the webbrowser module
+    # from webbrowser import _iscommand
+
+    def _isexecutable(cmd):
+        if os.path.isfile(cmd):
+            mode = os.stat(cmd)[stat.ST_MODE]
+            if mode & stat.S_IXUSR or mode & stat.S_IXGRP or mode & stat.S_IXOTH:
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    def _iscommand(cmd):
+        """Return True if cmd is executable or can be found on the executable
+        search path."""
+        if _isexecutable(cmd):
+            return True
+
+        path = os.environ.get("PATH")
+        if not path:
+            return False
+        for d in path.split(os.pathsep):
+            exe = os.path.join(d, cmd)
+            if _isexecutable(exe):
+                return True
+        return False
+
+    class KfmClient(Controller):
+        """Controller for the KDE kfmclient program."""
+
+        def __init__(self, kfmclient="kfmclient"):
+            super(KfmClient, self).__init__(kfmclient, "exec")
+            self.kde_version = self.detect_kde_version()
+
+        def detect_kde_version(self):
+            kde_version = None
+            try:
+                info = subprocess.getoutput("kde-config --version")
+
+                for line in info.splitlines():
+                    if line.startswith("KDE"):
+                        kde_version = line.split(":")[-1].strip()
+                        break
+            except (OSError, RuntimeError):
+                pass
+
+            return kde_version
+
+        def fixreturncode(self, returncode):
+            if returncode is not None and self.kde_version > "3.5.4":
+                return returncode
+            else:
+                return os.EX_OK
+
+    def detect_desktop_environment():
+        """Checks for known desktop environments
+
+        Return the desktop environments name, lowercase (kde, gnome, xfce)
+        or "generic"
+
+        """
+
+        desktop_environment = "generic"
+
+        if os.environ.get("KDE_FULL_SESSION") == "true":
+            desktop_environment = "kde"
+        elif os.environ.get("GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID"):
+            desktop_environment = "gnome"
+        else:
+            try:
+                info = subprocess.getoutput("xprop -root _DT_SAVE_MODE")
+                if ' = "xfce4"' in info:
+                    desktop_environment = "xfce"
+            except (OSError, RuntimeError):
+                pass
+
+        return desktop_environment
+
+    def register_X_controllers():
+        if _iscommand("kfmclient"):
+            _controllers["kde-open"] = KfmClient()
+
+        for command in ("gnome-open", "exo-open", "xdg-open"):
+            if _iscommand(command):
+                _controllers[command] = Controller(command)
+
+    def get():
+        controllers_map = {
+            "gnome": "gnome-open",
+            "kde": "kde-open",
+            "xfce": "exo-open",
+        }
+
+        desktop_environment = detect_desktop_environment()
+
+        try:
+            controller_name = controllers_map[desktop_environment]
+            return _controllers[controller_name].open
+
+        except KeyError:
+            if "xdg-open" in _controllers:
+                return _controllers["xdg-open"].open
+            else:
+                return webbrowser.open
+
+    if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
+        register_X_controllers()
+    _open = get()
+
+
+def open(filename):
+    """Open a file or an URL in the registered default application."""
+
+    return _open(filename)
+
+
+def _fix_addersses(**kwargs):
+    for headername in ("address", "to", "cc", "bcc"):
+        try:
+            headervalue = kwargs[headername]
+            if not headervalue:
+                del kwargs[headername]
+                continue
+            elif not isinstance(headervalue, str):
+                # assume it is a sequence
+                headervalue = ",".join(headervalue)
+
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        except TypeError:
+            raise TypeError(
+                'string or sequence expected for "%s", '
+                "%s found" % (headername, type(headervalue).__name__)
+            )
+        else:
+            translation_map = {"%": "%25", "&": "%26", "?": "%3F"}
+            for char, replacement in list(translation_map.items()):
+                headervalue = headervalue.replace(char, replacement)
+            kwargs[headername] = headervalue
+
+    return kwargs
+
+
+def mailto_format(**kwargs):
+    # @TODO: implement utf8 option
+
+    kwargs = _fix_addersses(**kwargs)
+    parts = []
+    for headername in ("to", "cc", "bcc", "subject", "body"):
+        if headername in kwargs:
+            headervalue = kwargs[headername]
+            if not headervalue:
+                continue
+            if headername in ("address", "to", "cc", "bcc"):
+                parts.append("%s=%s" % (headername, headervalue))
+            else:
+                headervalue = encode_rfc2231(headervalue, charset="utf-8")[
+                    7:
+                ]  # @TODO: check
+                parts.append("%s=%s" % (headername, headervalue))
+
+    mailto_string = "mailto:%s" % kwargs.get("address", "")
+    if parts:
+        mailto_string = "%s?%s" % (mailto_string, "&".join(parts))
+
+    return mailto_string
+
+
+def mailto(address: str, to=None, cc=None, bcc=None, subject=None, body=None):
+    """Send an e-mail using the user's preferred composer.
+
+    Open the user's preferred e-mail composer in order to send a mail to
+    address(es) that must follow the syntax of RFC822. Multiple addresses
+    may be provided (for address, cc and bcc parameters) as separate
+    arguments.
+
+    All parameters provided are used to prefill corresponding fields in
+    the user's e-mail composer. The user will have the opportunity to
+    change any of this information before actually sending the e-mail.
+
+    address - specify the destination recipient
+    cc      - specify a recipient to be copied on the e-mail
+    bcc     - specify a recipient to be blindly copied on the e-mail
+    subject - specify a subject for the e-mail
+    body    - specify a body for the e-mail. Since the user will be able
+              to make changes before actually sending the e-mail, this
+              can be used to provide the user with a template for the
+              e-mail text may contain linebreaks
+    attach  - specify an attachment for the e-mail. file must point to
+              an existing file (UNSUPPORTED)
+
+    """
+
+    mailto_string = mailto_format(**locals())
+    return open(mailto_string)