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README.md
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---
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---
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# LittleLearner
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Research checkpoints for **LittleLearner: Language Models Under Pedagogically
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Controlled Knowledge Exposure** β a study of how filtering the
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pretraining corpus to Kβ5 (kindergarten through grade 5) educational content
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affects a language model's downstream capabilities.
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This organisation hosts the paired **LittleLearner** (Kβ5-filtered) and
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**Unfiltered** (baseline general corpus) checkpoints at three sizes, plus
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matched post-trained variants. All checkpoints share the same architecture
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and tokenizer, so a LittleLearner *X* B and Unfiltered *X* B differ only in
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what data they saw during pretraining β the controlled comparison the paper
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is built around.
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π Paper: **<link>** Β· βοΈ Contact: **fanfei.li@tuebingen.mpg.de**
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---
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## Naming conventions
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Two model families:
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- **LittleLearner** β pretrained on the Kβ5-filtered corpus.
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- **Unfiltered** β pretrained on the same corpus without the Kβ5 filter (baseline general corpus).
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Post-training data uses the same two names:
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- **K-5** β the Kβ5-filtered instruction/SFT corpus (matched to LittleLearner pretraining).
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- **Unfiltered** β the unfiltered instruction/SFT corpus.
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---
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## Released checkpoints
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### Base β pretraining only, no chat template
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| Size | LittleLearner (K-5-filtered) | Unfiltered |
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|---|---|---|
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| 0.6 B | `littlelearner/<...>-0.6b-bounded` | `littlelearner/<...>-0.6b-unbounded` |
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| 1.3 B | `littlelearner/<...>-1.3b-bounded` | `littlelearner/<...>-1.3b-unbounded` |
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| 5 B | `littlelearner/<...>-5b-bounded` | `littlelearner/<...>-5b-unbounded` |
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*Use these in **completion** mode β do not apply a chat template.*
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### Post-trained β SFT + GRPO, chat template **required**
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Encoded as **(pretrain β post-training)**:
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| Pretrain β Post-training | Description | Repo |
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|---|---|---|
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| LittleLearner β K-5 | Matched-pipeline LL post-training | `littlelearner/littlelearner-5b-bounded-sft-chatty` |
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| LittleLearner β Unfiltered | Hybrid: LL pretrain, Unfiltered post-training data | `<...>` |
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| Unfiltered β Unfiltered | Matched-pipeline Unfiltered post-training | `littlelearner/littlelearner-5b-unbounded-sft-chatty` |
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---
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## Which checkpoint should I use?
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- **Studying the effect of the K-5 filter on pretraining** β paired base checkpoints at matched sizes (`β¦-bounded` vs `β¦-unbounded`).
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- **K-5 math / educational assistant** β LittleLearner β K-5 SFT+GRPO chatty.
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- **General-purpose small assistant** β Unfiltered β Unfiltered SFT+GRPO chatty.
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- **Effect of post-training data on a filtered pretrain** β compare the two `LittleLearner β β¦` SFT+GRPO variants.
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---
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## Important inference notes
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All chatty checkpoints share two non-standard defaults. Please read the
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individual model cards for the exact runnable snippet, but at a glance:
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1. **No system prompt.** These models were SFT'd without a system message;
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leaving transformers' default system prompt on, or adding your own,
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measurably degrades on-task accuracy. Build the conversation as
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`messages = [{"role": "user", "content": ...}]` only β no system role.
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2. **Custom stop tokens.** vLLM's default stop-token list derived from the
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tokenizer is **not** sufficient β generation can run past the assistant
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turn. Pass the `stop_token_ids=[β¦]` documented on each model card.
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Base checkpoints do not carry a chat template and should be used in
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completion mode.
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---
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## Citation
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```bibtex
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@article{littlelearner2026,
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title = {LittleLearner: Language Models Under Pedagogically-Controlled Knowledge Exposure},
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author = {Fanfei Li and Jana Zeller and Manuel Prada-Corral and Thadd{\"a}us Wiedemer
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and Prasanna Mayilvahanan and Ryan Cotterell and Wieland Brendel},
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journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:26xx.xxxxx},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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