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Update utils/heating_load.py
Browse files- utils/heating_load.py +182 -215
utils/heating_load.py
CHANGED
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"""
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Heating load calculation module for HVAC Load Calculator.
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This module implements steady-state methods
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"""
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from typing import Dict, List, Any, Optional, Tuple
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class HeatingLoadCalculator:
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"""Class for calculating heating loads using steady-state methods."""
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def __init__(self):
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"""Initialize heating load calculator."""
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self.heat_transfer = HeatTransferCalculations()
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self.psychrometrics = Psychrometrics()
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def calculate_wall_heating_load(self, wall: Wall, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Calculate heating load through a wall
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Args:
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wall: Wall object
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Returns:
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Heating load in W
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"""
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u_value = wall.u_value
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area = wall.area
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# Calculate heating load
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delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
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heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
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def calculate_roof_heating_load(self, roof: Roof, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Calculate heating load through a roof
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Args:
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roof: Roof object
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Returns:
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Heating load in W
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"""
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u_value = roof.u_value
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area = roof.area
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# Calculate heating load
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delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
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heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
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def calculate_floor_heating_load(self, floor: Floor, ground_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Calculate heating load through a floor.
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Args:
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floor: Floor object
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Returns:
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Heating load in W
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"""
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u_value = floor.u_value
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area = floor.area
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# Calculate heating load
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delta_t = indoor_temp - ground_temp
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heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
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def calculate_window_heating_load(self, window: Window, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Returns:
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Heating load in W
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"""
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u_value = window.u_value
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area = window.area
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# Calculate heating load
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delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
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heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
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return heating_load
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def calculate_door_heating_load(self, door: Door, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
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"""
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Returns:
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Heating load in W
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"""
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u_value = door.u_value
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area = door.area
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# Calculate heating load
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delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
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heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
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return heating_load
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def calculate_infiltration_heating_load(self,
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"""
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Calculate sensible and latent heating loads due to infiltration.
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Args:
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outdoor_temp: Outdoor temperature in °C
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indoor_temp: Indoor temperature in °C
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outdoor_rh: Outdoor relative humidity in %
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indoor_rh: Indoor relative humidity in %
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Returns:
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Dictionary with sensible, latent, and total heating loads in W
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"""
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# Calculate sensible heating load
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sensible_load = self.heat_transfer.infiltration_heat_transfer(
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flow_rate=flow_rate,
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w_outdoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(outdoor_temp, outdoor_rh)
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w_indoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(indoor_temp, indoor_rh)
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# Calculate latent heating load
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delta_w = w_indoor - w_outdoor
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)
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else:
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latent_load = 0
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# Calculate total heating load
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total_load = sensible_load + latent_load
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return {
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"sensible": sensible_load,
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"latent": latent_load,
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"total": total_load
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}
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def calculate_ventilation_heating_load(self, flow_rate: float, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float,
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Returns:
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Dictionary with sensible, latent, and total heating loads in W
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"""
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flow_rate=flow_rate,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp,
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outdoor_rh=outdoor_rh,
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indoor_rh=indoor_rh
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)
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def calculate_internal_gains_offset(self, people_load: float, lights_load: float,
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equipment_load: float, usage_factor: float = 0.7
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"""
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Calculate internal gains offset for heating load.
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Args:
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people_load: Heat gain from people in W
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lights_load: Heat gain from lights in W
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equipment_load: Heat gain from equipment in W
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usage_factor: Usage factor for internal gains (0-1)
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Returns:
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Internal gains offset in W
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"""
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# Calculate total internal gains
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total_gains = people_load + lights_load + equipment_load
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return offset
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def calculate_design_heating_load(self, building_components: Dict[str, List[Any]],
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outdoor_conditions: Dict[str, Any],
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indoor_conditions: Dict[str, Any],
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internal_loads: Dict[str, Any],
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safety_factor: float = 1.15) -> Dict[str, float]:
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"""
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Calculate design heating load for a building.
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Args:
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building_components: Dictionary with lists of building components
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outdoor_conditions: Dictionary with outdoor conditions
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indoor_conditions: Dictionary with indoor conditions
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internal_loads: Dictionary with internal loads
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safety_factor: Safety factor for heating load (default: 1.15)
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Returns:
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Dictionary with design heating loads
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"""
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# Extract building components
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walls = building_components.get("walls", [])
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roofs = building_components.get("roofs", [])
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floors = building_components.get("floors", [])
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windows = building_components.get("windows", [])
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doors = building_components.get("doors", [])
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# Extract outdoor conditions
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outdoor_temp = outdoor_conditions.get("design_temperature", -10.0)
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outdoor_rh = outdoor_conditions.get("design_relative_humidity", 80.0)
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ground_temp = outdoor_conditions.get("ground_temperature", 10.0)
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# Extract indoor conditions
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indoor_temp = indoor_conditions.get("temperature", 21.0)
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indoor_rh = indoor_conditions.get("relative_humidity", 40.0)
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# Extract internal loads
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people = internal_loads.get("people", {})
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lights = internal_loads.get("lights", {})
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equipment = internal_loads.get("equipment", {})
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infiltration = internal_loads.get("infiltration", {})
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ventilation = internal_loads.get("ventilation", {})
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# Initialize loads
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loads = {
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"walls": 0,
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"roofs": 0,
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"total": 0
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}
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# Calculate
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for wall in walls:
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wall=wall,
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outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp
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loads["walls"] += wall_load
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# Calculate roof loads
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for roof in roofs:
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roof=roof,
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outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp
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loads["roofs"] += roof_load
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# Calculate floor loads
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for floor in floors:
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floor=floor,
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ground_temp=ground_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp
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loads["floors"] += floor_load
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# Calculate window loads
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for window in windows:
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window=window,
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outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp
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loads["windows"] += window_load
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# Calculate door loads
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for door in doors:
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door=door,
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outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp
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loads["doors"] += door_load
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# Calculate infiltration loads
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if infiltration:
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flow_rate = infiltration.get("flow_rate", 0.0)
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infiltration_loads = self.calculate_infiltration_heating_load(
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outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
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indoor_temp=indoor_temp,
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outdoor_rh=outdoor_rh,
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indoor_rh=indoor_rh
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)
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loads["infiltration_sensible"] = infiltration_loads["sensible"]
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loads["infiltration_latent"] = infiltration_loads["latent"]
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# Calculate ventilation loads
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if ventilation:
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flow_rate = ventilation.get("flow_rate", 0.0)
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ventilation_loads = self.calculate_ventilation_heating_load(
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loads["ventilation_sensible"] = ventilation_loads["sensible"]
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loads["ventilation_latent"] = ventilation_loads["latent"]
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# Calculate internal gains offset
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people_load = people.get("number", 0) * people.get("sensible_gain", 70)
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lights_load = lights.get("power", 0) * lights.get("use_factor", 1.0)
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equipment_load = equipment.get("power", 0) * equipment.get("use_factor", 1.0)
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loads["internal_gains_offset"] = self.calculate_internal_gains_offset(
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people_load=people_load,
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lights_load=lights_load,
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equipment_load=equipment_load,
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usage_factor=internal_loads.get("usage_factor", 0.7)
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)
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# Calculate subtotal
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loads["subtotal"] = (
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loads["walls"] + loads["roofs"] + loads["floors"] +
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loads["windows"] + loads["doors"] +
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loads["ventilation_sensible"] + loads["ventilation_latent"] -
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loads["internal_gains_offset"]
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)
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# Apply safety factor
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loads["total"] = loads["subtotal"] * safety_factor
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return loads
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Returns:
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Dictionary with heating load summary
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"""
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design_loads["
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# Calculate ventilation and infiltration loads
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ventilation_loads = design_loads["ventilation_sensible"] + design_loads["ventilation_latent"]
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infiltration_loads = design_loads["infiltration_sensible"] + design_loads["infiltration_latent"]
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summary = {
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"envelope_loads": envelope_loads,
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"ventilation_loads": ventilation_loads,
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"infiltration_loads": infiltration_loads,
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"safety_factor": design_loads["safety_factor"],
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"total": design_loads["total"]
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}
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return summary
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def calculate_monthly_heating_loads(self, design_loads: Dict[str, float],
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monthly_temps: Dict[str, float],
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Returns:
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Dictionary with monthly heating loads
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"""
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# Calculate design temperature difference
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design_delta_t = indoor_temp - design_temp
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# Calculate monthly loads
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monthly_loads = {}
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for month, temp in monthly_temps.items():
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# Calculate temperature difference for this month
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delta_t = indoor_temp - temp
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# Skip months where outdoor temperature is higher than indoor
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if delta_t <= 0:
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monthly_loads[month] = 0
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continue
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# Calculate load ratio based on temperature difference
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load_ratio = delta_t / design_delta_t
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# Calculate monthly load
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monthly_loads[month] = design_loads["total"] * load_ratio
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return monthly_loads
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def calculate_heating_degree_days(self, monthly_temps: Dict[str, float],
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base_temp: float = 18.0) -> Dict[str, float]:
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"""
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Calculate heating degree days for each month.
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Args:
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monthly_temps: Dictionary with monthly average temperatures
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Returns:
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Dictionary with monthly heating degree days
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"""
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monthly_hdds = {}
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for month, temp in monthly_temps.items():
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# Calculate degree days
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days_in_month = 30 # Approximate
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if month in ["Apr", "Jun", "Sep", "Nov"]:
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days_in_month = 30
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elif month == "Feb":
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days_in_month = 28 # Ignore leap years for simplicity
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else:
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days_in_month = 31
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# Calculate daily degree days
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daily_hdd = max(0, base_temp - temp)
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-
# Calculate monthly degree days
|
| 486 |
-
monthly_hdds[month] = daily_hdd * days_in_month
|
| 487 |
|
| 488 |
return monthly_hdds
|
| 489 |
|
| 490 |
def calculate_annual_heating_energy(self, monthly_loads: Dict[str, float],
|
| 491 |
heating_system_efficiency: float = 0.8) -> Dict[str, float]:
|
| 492 |
"""
|
| 493 |
-
Calculate annual heating energy consumption.
|
| 494 |
|
| 495 |
Args:
|
| 496 |
monthly_loads: Dictionary with monthly heating loads in W
|
|
@@ -499,32 +503,20 @@ class HeatingLoadCalculator:
|
|
| 499 |
Returns:
|
| 500 |
Dictionary with monthly and annual heating energy in kWh
|
| 501 |
"""
|
| 502 |
-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 503 |
monthly_energy = {}
|
| 504 |
annual_energy = 0
|
| 505 |
|
| 506 |
for month, load in monthly_loads.items():
|
| 507 |
-
|
| 508 |
-
hours_in_month = 24 * 30 # Approximate
|
| 509 |
-
if month in ["Apr", "Jun", "Sep", "Nov"]:
|
| 510 |
-
hours_in_month = 24 * 30
|
| 511 |
-
elif month == "Feb":
|
| 512 |
-
hours_in_month = 24 * 28 # Ignore leap years for simplicity
|
| 513 |
-
else:
|
| 514 |
-
hours_in_month = 24 * 31
|
| 515 |
-
|
| 516 |
-
# Calculate energy in kWh
|
| 517 |
energy = load * hours_in_month / 1000 / heating_system_efficiency
|
| 518 |
-
|
| 519 |
-
# Store monthly energy
|
| 520 |
monthly_energy[month] = energy
|
| 521 |
-
|
| 522 |
-
# Add to annual total
|
| 523 |
annual_energy += energy
|
| 524 |
|
| 525 |
-
# Add annual total to results
|
| 526 |
monthly_energy["annual"] = annual_energy
|
| 527 |
-
|
| 528 |
return monthly_energy
|
| 529 |
|
| 530 |
|
|
@@ -533,10 +525,8 @@ heating_load_calculator = HeatingLoadCalculator()
|
|
| 533 |
|
| 534 |
# Example usage
|
| 535 |
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
| 536 |
-
# Create sample building components
|
| 537 |
from data.building_components import Wall, Roof, Window, Door, Orientation, ComponentType
|
| 538 |
|
| 539 |
-
# Create a sample wall
|
| 540 |
wall = Wall(
|
| 541 |
id="wall1",
|
| 542 |
name="Exterior Wall",
|
|
@@ -545,10 +535,10 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 545 |
area=20.0,
|
| 546 |
orientation=Orientation.NORTH,
|
| 547 |
wall_type="Brick",
|
| 548 |
-
wall_group="B"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 549 |
)
|
| 550 |
-
|
| 551 |
-
# Create a sample roof
|
| 552 |
roof = Roof(
|
| 553 |
id="roof1",
|
| 554 |
name="Flat Roof",
|
|
@@ -557,10 +547,10 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 557 |
area=50.0,
|
| 558 |
orientation=Orientation.HORIZONTAL,
|
| 559 |
roof_type="Concrete",
|
| 560 |
-
roof_group="C"
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 561 |
)
|
| 562 |
-
|
| 563 |
-
# Create a sample window
|
| 564 |
window = Window(
|
| 565 |
id="window1",
|
| 566 |
name="North Window",
|
|
@@ -576,7 +566,6 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 576 |
low_e_coating=False
|
| 577 |
)
|
| 578 |
|
| 579 |
-
# Define building components
|
| 580 |
building_components = {
|
| 581 |
"walls": [wall],
|
| 582 |
"roofs": [roof],
|
|
@@ -585,19 +574,18 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 585 |
"floors": []
|
| 586 |
}
|
| 587 |
|
| 588 |
-
# Define conditions
|
| 589 |
outdoor_conditions = {
|
| 590 |
"design_temperature": -10.0,
|
| 591 |
"design_relative_humidity": 80.0,
|
| 592 |
-
"ground_temperature": 10.0
|
|
|
|
| 593 |
}
|
| 594 |
-
|
| 595 |
indoor_conditions = {
|
| 596 |
"temperature": 21.0,
|
| 597 |
"relative_humidity": 40.0
|
| 598 |
}
|
| 599 |
|
| 600 |
-
#
|
| 601 |
internal_loads = {
|
| 602 |
"people": {
|
| 603 |
"number": 3,
|
|
@@ -612,64 +600,43 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 612 |
"use_factor": 0.7
|
| 613 |
},
|
| 614 |
"infiltration": {
|
| 615 |
-
"
|
|
|
|
| 616 |
},
|
| 617 |
"ventilation": {
|
| 618 |
"flow_rate": 0.1
|
| 619 |
},
|
| 620 |
-
"usage_factor": 0.7
|
|
|
|
| 621 |
}
|
| 622 |
|
| 623 |
-
# Calculate design heating load
|
| 624 |
design_loads = heating_load_calculator.calculate_design_heating_load(
|
| 625 |
building_components=building_components,
|
| 626 |
outdoor_conditions=outdoor_conditions,
|
| 627 |
indoor_conditions=indoor_conditions,
|
| 628 |
-
internal_loads=internal_loads
|
|
|
|
| 629 |
)
|
| 630 |
-
|
| 631 |
-
# Calculate heating load summary
|
| 632 |
summary = heating_load_calculator.calculate_heating_load_summary(design_loads)
|
| 633 |
|
| 634 |
-
# Define monthly temperatures
|
| 635 |
monthly_temps = {
|
| 636 |
-
"Jan": -5.0,
|
| 637 |
-
"
|
| 638 |
-
"
|
| 639 |
-
"Apr": 8.0,
|
| 640 |
-
"May": 14.0,
|
| 641 |
-
"Jun": 18.0,
|
| 642 |
-
"Jul": 21.0,
|
| 643 |
-
"Aug": 20.0,
|
| 644 |
-
"Sep": 16.0,
|
| 645 |
-
"Oct": 10.0,
|
| 646 |
-
"Nov": 4.0,
|
| 647 |
-
"Dec": -2.0
|
| 648 |
}
|
| 649 |
|
| 650 |
-
# Calculate monthly heating loads
|
| 651 |
monthly_loads = heating_load_calculator.calculate_monthly_heating_loads(
|
| 652 |
design_loads=design_loads,
|
| 653 |
monthly_temps=monthly_temps,
|
| 654 |
design_temp=outdoor_conditions["design_temperature"],
|
| 655 |
indoor_temp=indoor_conditions["temperature"]
|
| 656 |
)
|
| 657 |
-
|
| 658 |
-
# Calculate heating degree days
|
| 659 |
hdds = heating_load_calculator.calculate_heating_degree_days(monthly_temps)
|
| 660 |
-
|
| 661 |
-
# Calculate annual heating energy
|
| 662 |
energy = heating_load_calculator.calculate_annual_heating_energy(monthly_loads)
|
| 663 |
|
| 664 |
-
# Print results
|
| 665 |
print("Heating Load Summary:")
|
| 666 |
-
|
| 667 |
-
|
| 668 |
-
print(f"Infiltration Loads: {summary['infiltration_loads']:.2f} W")
|
| 669 |
-
print(f"Internal Gains Offset: {summary['internal_gains_offset']:.2f} W")
|
| 670 |
-
print(f"Subtotal: {summary['subtotal']:.2f} W")
|
| 671 |
-
print(f"Safety Factor: {summary['safety_factor']:.2f}")
|
| 672 |
-
print(f"Total: {summary['total']:.2f} W")
|
| 673 |
|
| 674 |
print("\nMonthly Heating Loads:")
|
| 675 |
for month, load in monthly_loads.items():
|
|
@@ -680,4 +647,4 @@ if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
| 680 |
print(f"{month}: {hdd:.2f} HDD")
|
| 681 |
|
| 682 |
print("\nAnnual Heating Energy:")
|
| 683 |
-
print(f"Total: {energy['annual']:.2f} kWh")
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
"""
|
| 2 |
Heating load calculation module for HVAC Load Calculator.
|
| 3 |
+
This module implements enhanced steady-state methods with thermal mass effects,
|
| 4 |
+
pressure-driven infiltration, and schedule-based internal gains.
|
| 5 |
"""
|
| 6 |
|
| 7 |
from typing import Dict, List, Any, Optional, Tuple
|
|
|
|
| 22 |
|
| 23 |
|
| 24 |
class HeatingLoadCalculator:
|
| 25 |
+
"""Class for calculating heating loads using enhanced steady-state methods."""
|
| 26 |
|
| 27 |
def __init__(self):
|
| 28 |
+
"""Initialize heating load calculator with heat transfer and psychrometrics utilities."""
|
| 29 |
self.heat_transfer = HeatTransferCalculations()
|
| 30 |
self.psychrometrics = Psychrometrics()
|
| 31 |
|
| 32 |
+
def validate_inputs(self, temp: float, rh: float, area: float, u_value: float) -> None:
|
| 33 |
+
"""
|
| 34 |
+
Validate input parameters for calculations.
|
| 35 |
+
|
| 36 |
+
Args:
|
| 37 |
+
temp: Temperature in °C
|
| 38 |
+
rh: Relative humidity in %
|
| 39 |
+
area: Area in m²
|
| 40 |
+
u_value: U-value in W/(m²·K)
|
| 41 |
+
|
| 42 |
+
Raises:
|
| 43 |
+
ValueError: If inputs are out of acceptable ranges
|
| 44 |
+
"""
|
| 45 |
+
if not -50 <= temp <= 60:
|
| 46 |
+
raise ValueError(f"Temperature {temp}°C is outside valid range (-50 to 60°C)")
|
| 47 |
+
if not 0 <= rh <= 100:
|
| 48 |
+
raise ValueError(f"Relative humidity {rh}% is outside valid range (0 to 100%)")
|
| 49 |
+
if area < 0:
|
| 50 |
+
raise ValueError(f"Area {area}m² cannot be negative")
|
| 51 |
+
if u_value < 0:
|
| 52 |
+
raise ValueError(f"U-value {u_value} W/(m²·K) cannot be negative")
|
| 53 |
+
|
| 54 |
def calculate_wall_heating_load(self, wall: Wall, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
|
| 55 |
"""
|
| 56 |
+
Calculate heating load through a wall with thermal mass effects.
|
| 57 |
|
| 58 |
Args:
|
| 59 |
wall: Wall object
|
|
|
|
| 63 |
Returns:
|
| 64 |
Heating load in W
|
| 65 |
"""
|
| 66 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, 80.0, wall.area, wall.u_value)
|
| 67 |
+
|
| 68 |
u_value = wall.u_value
|
| 69 |
area = wall.area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 70 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
|
|
|
|
| 71 |
|
| 72 |
+
# Apply thermal mass effect
|
| 73 |
+
thermal_mass = getattr(wall, "thermal_mass", 100000) # J/K, default
|
| 74 |
+
time_constant = getattr(wall, "time_constant", 2.0) # hours, default
|
| 75 |
+
lag_factor = self.heat_transfer.thermal_lag_factor(thermal_mass, time_constant, 1.0)
|
| 76 |
+
|
| 77 |
+
heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t * lag_factor
|
| 78 |
+
|
| 79 |
+
return max(0, heating_load)
|
| 80 |
|
| 81 |
def calculate_roof_heating_load(self, roof: Roof, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
|
| 82 |
"""
|
| 83 |
+
Calculate heating load through a roof with thermal mass effects.
|
| 84 |
|
| 85 |
Args:
|
| 86 |
roof: Roof object
|
|
|
|
| 90 |
Returns:
|
| 91 |
Heating load in W
|
| 92 |
"""
|
| 93 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, 80.0, roof.area, roof.u_value)
|
| 94 |
+
|
| 95 |
u_value = roof.u_value
|
| 96 |
area = roof.area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 97 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
|
|
|
|
| 98 |
|
| 99 |
+
# Apply thermal mass effect
|
| 100 |
+
thermal_mass = getattr(roof, "thermal_mass", 200000) # J/K, default
|
| 101 |
+
time_constant = getattr(roof, "time_constant", 3.0) # hours, default
|
| 102 |
+
lag_factor = self.heat_transfer.thermal_lag_factor(thermal_mass, time_constant, 1.0)
|
| 103 |
+
|
| 104 |
+
heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t * lag_factor
|
| 105 |
+
|
| 106 |
+
return max(0, heating_load)
|
| 107 |
|
| 108 |
def calculate_floor_heating_load(self, floor: Floor, ground_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
|
| 109 |
"""
|
| 110 |
+
Calculate heating load through a floor with thermal mass effects.
|
| 111 |
|
| 112 |
Args:
|
| 113 |
floor: Floor object
|
|
|
|
| 117 |
Returns:
|
| 118 |
Heating load in W
|
| 119 |
"""
|
| 120 |
+
self.validate_inputs(ground_temp, 80.0, floor.area, floor.u_value)
|
| 121 |
+
|
| 122 |
u_value = floor.u_value
|
| 123 |
area = floor.area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 124 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - ground_temp
|
|
|
|
| 125 |
|
| 126 |
+
# Apply thermal mass effect
|
| 127 |
+
thermal_mass = getattr(floor, "thermal_mass", 150000) # J/K, default
|
| 128 |
+
time_constant = getattr(floor, "time_constant", 2.5) # hours, default
|
| 129 |
+
lag_factor = self.heat_transfer.thermal_lag_factor(thermal_mass, time_constant, 1.0)
|
| 130 |
+
|
| 131 |
+
heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t * lag_factor
|
| 132 |
+
|
| 133 |
+
return max(0, heating_load)
|
| 134 |
|
| 135 |
def calculate_window_heating_load(self, window: Window, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
|
| 136 |
"""
|
|
|
|
| 144 |
Returns:
|
| 145 |
Heating load in W
|
| 146 |
"""
|
| 147 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, 80.0, window.area, window.u_value)
|
| 148 |
+
|
| 149 |
u_value = window.u_value
|
| 150 |
area = window.area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 151 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
|
| 152 |
heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
|
| 153 |
|
| 154 |
+
return max(0, heating_load)
|
| 155 |
|
| 156 |
def calculate_door_heating_load(self, door: Door, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float) -> float:
|
| 157 |
"""
|
|
|
|
| 165 |
Returns:
|
| 166 |
Heating load in W
|
| 167 |
"""
|
| 168 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, 80.0, door.area, door.u_value)
|
| 169 |
+
|
| 170 |
u_value = door.u_value
|
| 171 |
area = door.area
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 172 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
|
| 173 |
heating_load = u_value * area * delta_t
|
| 174 |
|
| 175 |
+
return max(0, heating_load)
|
| 176 |
|
| 177 |
+
def calculate_infiltration_heating_load(self, building_volume: float, outdoor_temp: float,
|
| 178 |
+
indoor_temp: float, outdoor_rh: float, indoor_rh: float,
|
| 179 |
+
wind_speed: float = 4.0, height: float = 3.0,
|
| 180 |
+
crack_length: float = 10.0) -> Dict[str, float]:
|
| 181 |
"""
|
| 182 |
+
Calculate sensible and latent heating loads due to pressure-driven infiltration.
|
| 183 |
|
| 184 |
Args:
|
| 185 |
+
building_volume: Building volume in m³
|
| 186 |
outdoor_temp: Outdoor temperature in °C
|
| 187 |
indoor_temp: Indoor temperature in °C
|
| 188 |
outdoor_rh: Outdoor relative humidity in %
|
| 189 |
indoor_rh: Indoor relative humidity in %
|
| 190 |
+
wind_speed: Wind speed in m/s (default: 4.0 m/s)
|
| 191 |
+
height: Building height in m (default: 3.0 m)
|
| 192 |
+
crack_length: Total crack length in m (default: 10.0 m)
|
| 193 |
|
| 194 |
Returns:
|
| 195 |
Dictionary with sensible, latent, and total heating loads in W
|
| 196 |
"""
|
| 197 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, outdoor_rh, building_volume, 0.0)
|
| 198 |
+
|
| 199 |
+
# Calculate infiltration flow rate
|
| 200 |
+
wind_pd = self.heat_transfer.wind_pressure_difference(wind_speed, wind_coefficient=0.4)
|
| 201 |
+
stack_pd = self.heat_transfer.stack_pressure_difference(
|
| 202 |
+
height=height,
|
| 203 |
+
indoor_temp=indoor_temp + 273.15,
|
| 204 |
+
outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp + 273.15
|
| 205 |
+
)
|
| 206 |
+
total_pd = self.heat_transfer.combined_pressure_difference(wind_pd, stack_pd)
|
| 207 |
+
flow_rate = self.heat_transfer.crack_method_infiltration(
|
| 208 |
+
crack_length=crack_length,
|
| 209 |
+
coefficient=0.0001,
|
| 210 |
+
pressure_difference=total_pd
|
| 211 |
+
)
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
# Calculate sensible heating load
|
| 214 |
sensible_load = self.heat_transfer.infiltration_heat_transfer(
|
| 215 |
flow_rate=flow_rate,
|
|
|
|
| 220 |
w_outdoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(outdoor_temp, outdoor_rh)
|
| 221 |
w_indoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(indoor_temp, indoor_rh)
|
| 222 |
|
| 223 |
+
# Calculate latent heating load
|
| 224 |
delta_w = w_indoor - w_outdoor
|
| 225 |
+
latent_load = self.heat_transfer.infiltration_latent_heat_transfer(
|
| 226 |
+
flow_rate=flow_rate,
|
| 227 |
+
delta_w=delta_w
|
| 228 |
+
) if delta_w > 0 else 0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 229 |
|
|
|
|
| 230 |
total_load = sensible_load + latent_load
|
| 231 |
|
| 232 |
return {
|
| 233 |
+
"sensible": max(0, sensible_load),
|
| 234 |
+
"latent": max(0, latent_load),
|
| 235 |
+
"total": max(0, total_load)
|
| 236 |
}
|
| 237 |
|
| 238 |
def calculate_ventilation_heating_load(self, flow_rate: float, outdoor_temp: float, indoor_temp: float,
|
|
|
|
| 250 |
Returns:
|
| 251 |
Dictionary with sensible, latent, and total heating loads in W
|
| 252 |
"""
|
| 253 |
+
self.validate_inputs(outdoor_temp, outdoor_rh, 0.0, 0.0)
|
| 254 |
+
|
| 255 |
+
sensible_load = self.heat_transfer.infiltration_heat_transfer(
|
| 256 |
flow_rate=flow_rate,
|
| 257 |
+
delta_t=indoor_temp - outdoor_temp
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 258 |
)
|
| 259 |
+
w_outdoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(outdoor_temp, outdoor_rh)
|
| 260 |
+
w_indoor = self.psychrometrics.humidity_ratio(indoor_temp, indoor_rh)
|
| 261 |
+
delta_w = w_indoor - w_outdoor
|
| 262 |
+
latent_load = self.heat_transfer.infiltration_latent_heat_transfer(
|
| 263 |
+
flow_rate=flow_rate,
|
| 264 |
+
delta_w=delta_w
|
| 265 |
+
) if delta_w > 0 else 0
|
| 266 |
+
total_load = sensible_load + latent_load
|
| 267 |
+
|
| 268 |
+
return {
|
| 269 |
+
"sensible": max(0, sensible_load),
|
| 270 |
+
"latent": max(0, latent_load),
|
| 271 |
+
"total": max(0, total_load)
|
| 272 |
+
}
|
| 273 |
|
| 274 |
def calculate_internal_gains_offset(self, people_load: float, lights_load: float,
|
| 275 |
+
equipment_load: float, usage_factor: float = 0.7,
|
| 276 |
+
hour: int = 0, schedule: Optional[List[float]] = None) -> float:
|
| 277 |
"""
|
| 278 |
+
Calculate internal gains offset for heating load with schedule.
|
| 279 |
|
| 280 |
Args:
|
| 281 |
people_load: Heat gain from people in W
|
| 282 |
lights_load: Heat gain from lights in W
|
| 283 |
equipment_load: Heat gain from equipment in W
|
| 284 |
usage_factor: Usage factor for internal gains (0-1)
|
| 285 |
+
hour: Hour of the day (0-23)
|
| 286 |
+
schedule: List of 24 hourly gain factors (0-1, default: None)
|
| 287 |
|
| 288 |
Returns:
|
| 289 |
Internal gains offset in W
|
| 290 |
"""
|
|
|
|
| 291 |
total_gains = people_load + lights_load + equipment_load
|
| 292 |
+
schedule_factor = 1.0
|
| 293 |
+
if schedule and len(schedule) == 24:
|
| 294 |
+
schedule_factor = schedule[hour]
|
| 295 |
+
offset = total_gains * usage_factor * schedule_factor
|
| 296 |
+
return max(0, offset)
|
| 297 |
|
| 298 |
def calculate_design_heating_load(self, building_components: Dict[str, List[Any]],
|
| 299 |
outdoor_conditions: Dict[str, Any],
|
| 300 |
indoor_conditions: Dict[str, Any],
|
| 301 |
internal_loads: Dict[str, Any],
|
| 302 |
+
building_volume: float = 300.0,
|
| 303 |
safety_factor: float = 1.15) -> Dict[str, float]:
|
| 304 |
"""
|
| 305 |
+
Calculate design heating load for a building with enhanced calculations.
|
| 306 |
|
| 307 |
Args:
|
| 308 |
building_components: Dictionary with lists of building components
|
| 309 |
outdoor_conditions: Dictionary with outdoor conditions
|
| 310 |
indoor_conditions: Dictionary with indoor conditions
|
| 311 |
internal_loads: Dictionary with internal loads
|
| 312 |
+
building_volume: Building volume in m³ (default: 300 m³)
|
| 313 |
safety_factor: Safety factor for heating load (default: 1.15)
|
| 314 |
|
| 315 |
Returns:
|
| 316 |
Dictionary with design heating loads
|
| 317 |
"""
|
|
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|
| 318 |
walls = building_components.get("walls", [])
|
| 319 |
roofs = building_components.get("roofs", [])
|
| 320 |
floors = building_components.get("floors", [])
|
| 321 |
windows = building_components.get("windows", [])
|
| 322 |
doors = building_components.get("doors", [])
|
| 323 |
|
|
|
|
| 324 |
outdoor_temp = outdoor_conditions.get("design_temperature", -10.0)
|
| 325 |
outdoor_rh = outdoor_conditions.get("design_relative_humidity", 80.0)
|
| 326 |
ground_temp = outdoor_conditions.get("ground_temperature", 10.0)
|
| 327 |
+
wind_speed = outdoor_conditions.get("wind_speed", 4.0)
|
| 328 |
|
|
|
|
| 329 |
indoor_temp = indoor_conditions.get("temperature", 21.0)
|
| 330 |
indoor_rh = indoor_conditions.get("relative_humidity", 40.0)
|
| 331 |
|
|
|
|
| 332 |
people = internal_loads.get("people", {})
|
| 333 |
lights = internal_loads.get("lights", {})
|
| 334 |
equipment = internal_loads.get("equipment", {})
|
| 335 |
infiltration = internal_loads.get("infiltration", {})
|
| 336 |
ventilation = internal_loads.get("ventilation", {})
|
| 337 |
|
|
|
|
| 338 |
loads = {
|
| 339 |
"walls": 0,
|
| 340 |
"roofs": 0,
|
|
|
|
| 351 |
"total": 0
|
| 352 |
}
|
| 353 |
|
| 354 |
+
# Calculate loads
|
| 355 |
for wall in walls:
|
| 356 |
+
loads["walls"] += self.calculate_wall_heating_load(wall, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 357 |
for roof in roofs:
|
| 358 |
+
loads["roofs"] += self.calculate_roof_heating_load(roof, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 359 |
for floor in floors:
|
| 360 |
+
loads["floors"] += self.calculate_floor_heating_load(floor, ground_temp, indoor_temp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 361 |
for window in windows:
|
| 362 |
+
loads["windows"] += self.calculate_window_heating_load(window, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 363 |
for door in doors:
|
| 364 |
+
loads["doors"] += self.calculate_door_heating_load(door, outdoor_temp, indoor_temp)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 365 |
|
|
|
|
| 366 |
if infiltration:
|
|
|
|
| 367 |
infiltration_loads = self.calculate_infiltration_heating_load(
|
| 368 |
+
building_volume=building_volume,
|
| 369 |
outdoor_temp=outdoor_temp,
|
| 370 |
indoor_temp=indoor_temp,
|
| 371 |
outdoor_rh=outdoor_rh,
|
| 372 |
+
indoor_rh=indoor_rh,
|
| 373 |
+
wind_speed=wind_speed,
|
| 374 |
+
height=infiltration.get("height", 3.0),
|
| 375 |
+
crack_length=infiltration.get("crack_length", 10.0)
|
| 376 |
)
|
| 377 |
loads["infiltration_sensible"] = infiltration_loads["sensible"]
|
| 378 |
loads["infiltration_latent"] = infiltration_loads["latent"]
|
| 379 |
|
|
|
|
| 380 |
if ventilation:
|
| 381 |
flow_rate = ventilation.get("flow_rate", 0.0)
|
| 382 |
ventilation_loads = self.calculate_ventilation_heating_load(
|
|
|
|
| 389 |
loads["ventilation_sensible"] = ventilation_loads["sensible"]
|
| 390 |
loads["ventilation_latent"] = ventilation_loads["latent"]
|
| 391 |
|
|
|
|
| 392 |
people_load = people.get("number", 0) * people.get("sensible_gain", 70)
|
| 393 |
lights_load = lights.get("power", 0) * lights.get("use_factor", 1.0)
|
| 394 |
equipment_load = equipment.get("power", 0) * equipment.get("use_factor", 1.0)
|
|
|
|
| 395 |
loads["internal_gains_offset"] = self.calculate_internal_gains_offset(
|
| 396 |
people_load=people_load,
|
| 397 |
lights_load=lights_load,
|
| 398 |
equipment_load=equipment_load,
|
| 399 |
+
usage_factor=internal_loads.get("usage_factor", 0.7),
|
| 400 |
+
hour=0,
|
| 401 |
+
schedule=internal_loads.get("gains_schedule", None)
|
| 402 |
)
|
| 403 |
|
|
|
|
| 404 |
loads["subtotal"] = (
|
| 405 |
loads["walls"] + loads["roofs"] + loads["floors"] +
|
| 406 |
loads["windows"] + loads["doors"] +
|
|
|
|
| 408 |
loads["ventilation_sensible"] + loads["ventilation_latent"] -
|
| 409 |
loads["internal_gains_offset"]
|
| 410 |
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 411 |
loads["total"] = loads["subtotal"] * safety_factor
|
| 412 |
|
| 413 |
return loads
|
|
|
|
| 422 |
Returns:
|
| 423 |
Dictionary with heating load summary
|
| 424 |
"""
|
| 425 |
+
envelope_loads = sum([
|
| 426 |
+
design_loads["walls"], design_loads["roofs"], design_loads["floors"],
|
| 427 |
+
design_loads["windows"], design_loads["doors"]
|
| 428 |
+
])
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 429 |
ventilation_loads = design_loads["ventilation_sensible"] + design_loads["ventilation_latent"]
|
| 430 |
infiltration_loads = design_loads["infiltration_sensible"] + design_loads["infiltration_latent"]
|
| 431 |
|
| 432 |
+
return {
|
|
|
|
| 433 |
"envelope_loads": envelope_loads,
|
| 434 |
"ventilation_loads": ventilation_loads,
|
| 435 |
"infiltration_loads": infiltration_loads,
|
|
|
|
| 438 |
"safety_factor": design_loads["safety_factor"],
|
| 439 |
"total": design_loads["total"]
|
| 440 |
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 441 |
|
| 442 |
def calculate_monthly_heating_loads(self, design_loads: Dict[str, float],
|
| 443 |
monthly_temps: Dict[str, float],
|
|
|
|
| 454 |
Returns:
|
| 455 |
Dictionary with monthly heating loads
|
| 456 |
"""
|
|
|
|
| 457 |
design_delta_t = indoor_temp - design_temp
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 458 |
monthly_loads = {}
|
| 459 |
|
| 460 |
for month, temp in monthly_temps.items():
|
|
|
|
| 461 |
delta_t = indoor_temp - temp
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 462 |
if delta_t <= 0:
|
| 463 |
monthly_loads[month] = 0
|
| 464 |
continue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 465 |
load_ratio = delta_t / design_delta_t
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 466 |
monthly_loads[month] = design_loads["total"] * load_ratio
|
| 467 |
|
| 468 |
return monthly_loads
|
|
|
|
| 470 |
def calculate_heating_degree_days(self, monthly_temps: Dict[str, float],
|
| 471 |
base_temp: float = 18.0) -> Dict[str, float]:
|
| 472 |
"""
|
| 473 |
+
Calculate heating degree days for each month with precise days.
|
| 474 |
|
| 475 |
Args:
|
| 476 |
monthly_temps: Dictionary with monthly average temperatures
|
|
|
|
| 479 |
Returns:
|
| 480 |
Dictionary with monthly heating degree days
|
| 481 |
"""
|
| 482 |
+
days_per_month = {
|
| 483 |
+
"Jan": 31, "Feb": 28, "Mar": 31, "Apr": 30, "May": 31, "Jun": 30,
|
| 484 |
+
"Jul": 31, "Aug": 31, "Sep": 30, "Oct": 31, "Nov": 30, "Dec": 31
|
| 485 |
+
}
|
| 486 |
monthly_hdds = {}
|
| 487 |
|
| 488 |
for month, temp in monthly_temps.items():
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 489 |
daily_hdd = max(0, base_temp - temp)
|
| 490 |
+
monthly_hdds[month] = daily_hdd * days_per_month[month]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 491 |
|
| 492 |
return monthly_hdds
|
| 493 |
|
| 494 |
def calculate_annual_heating_energy(self, monthly_loads: Dict[str, float],
|
| 495 |
heating_system_efficiency: float = 0.8) -> Dict[str, float]:
|
| 496 |
"""
|
| 497 |
+
Calculate annual heating energy consumption with precise days.
|
| 498 |
|
| 499 |
Args:
|
| 500 |
monthly_loads: Dictionary with monthly heating loads in W
|
|
|
|
| 503 |
Returns:
|
| 504 |
Dictionary with monthly and annual heating energy in kWh
|
| 505 |
"""
|
| 506 |
+
days_per_month = {
|
| 507 |
+
"Jan": 31, "Feb": 28, "Mar": 31, "Apr": 30, "May": 31, "Jun": 30,
|
| 508 |
+
"Jul": 31, "Aug": 31, "Sep": 30, "Oct": 31, "Nov": 30, "Dec": 31
|
| 509 |
+
}
|
| 510 |
monthly_energy = {}
|
| 511 |
annual_energy = 0
|
| 512 |
|
| 513 |
for month, load in monthly_loads.items():
|
| 514 |
+
hours_in_month = 24 * days_per_month[month]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 515 |
energy = load * hours_in_month / 1000 / heating_system_efficiency
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 516 |
monthly_energy[month] = energy
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 517 |
annual_energy += energy
|
| 518 |
|
|
|
|
| 519 |
monthly_energy["annual"] = annual_energy
|
|
|
|
| 520 |
return monthly_energy
|
| 521 |
|
| 522 |
|
|
|
|
| 525 |
|
| 526 |
# Example usage
|
| 527 |
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
|
|
| 528 |
from data.building_components import Wall, Roof, Window, Door, Orientation, ComponentType
|
| 529 |
|
|
|
|
| 530 |
wall = Wall(
|
| 531 |
id="wall1",
|
| 532 |
name="Exterior Wall",
|
|
|
|
| 535 |
area=20.0,
|
| 536 |
orientation=Orientation.NORTH,
|
| 537 |
wall_type="Brick",
|
| 538 |
+
wall_group="B",
|
| 539 |
+
thermal_mass=100000,
|
| 540 |
+
time_constant=2.0
|
| 541 |
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 542 |
roof = Roof(
|
| 543 |
id="roof1",
|
| 544 |
name="Flat Roof",
|
|
|
|
| 547 |
area=50.0,
|
| 548 |
orientation=Orientation.HORIZONTAL,
|
| 549 |
roof_type="Concrete",
|
| 550 |
+
roof_group="C",
|
| 551 |
+
thermal_mass=200000,
|
| 552 |
+
time_constant=3.0
|
| 553 |
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 554 |
window = Window(
|
| 555 |
id="window1",
|
| 556 |
name="North Window",
|
|
|
|
| 566 |
low_e_coating=False
|
| 567 |
)
|
| 568 |
|
|
|
|
| 569 |
building_components = {
|
| 570 |
"walls": [wall],
|
| 571 |
"roofs": [roof],
|
|
|
|
| 574 |
"floors": []
|
| 575 |
}
|
| 576 |
|
|
|
|
| 577 |
outdoor_conditions = {
|
| 578 |
"design_temperature": -10.0,
|
| 579 |
"design_relative_humidity": 80.0,
|
| 580 |
+
"ground_temperature": 10.0,
|
| 581 |
+
"wind_speed": 4.0
|
| 582 |
}
|
|
|
|
| 583 |
indoor_conditions = {
|
| 584 |
"temperature": 21.0,
|
| 585 |
"relative_humidity": 40.0
|
| 586 |
}
|
| 587 |
|
| 588 |
+
gains_schedule = [0.2] * 8 + [0.8] * 8 + [0.4] * 8 # 8h low, 8h high, 8h medium
|
| 589 |
internal_loads = {
|
| 590 |
"people": {
|
| 591 |
"number": 3,
|
|
|
|
| 600 |
"use_factor": 0.7
|
| 601 |
},
|
| 602 |
"infiltration": {
|
| 603 |
+
"height": 3.0,
|
| 604 |
+
"crack_length": 10.0
|
| 605 |
},
|
| 606 |
"ventilation": {
|
| 607 |
"flow_rate": 0.1
|
| 608 |
},
|
| 609 |
+
"usage_factor": 0.7,
|
| 610 |
+
"gains_schedule": gains_schedule
|
| 611 |
}
|
| 612 |
|
|
|
|
| 613 |
design_loads = heating_load_calculator.calculate_design_heating_load(
|
| 614 |
building_components=building_components,
|
| 615 |
outdoor_conditions=outdoor_conditions,
|
| 616 |
indoor_conditions=indoor_conditions,
|
| 617 |
+
internal_loads=internal_loads,
|
| 618 |
+
building_volume=300.0
|
| 619 |
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 620 |
summary = heating_load_calculator.calculate_heating_load_summary(design_loads)
|
| 621 |
|
|
|
|
| 622 |
monthly_temps = {
|
| 623 |
+
"Jan": -5.0, "Feb": -3.0, "Mar": 2.0, "Apr": 8.0, "May": 14.0,
|
| 624 |
+
"Jun": 18.0, "Jul": 21.0, "Aug": 20.0, "Sep": 16.0, "Oct": 10.0,
|
| 625 |
+
"Nov": 4.0, "Dec": -2.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 626 |
}
|
| 627 |
|
|
|
|
| 628 |
monthly_loads = heating_load_calculator.calculate_monthly_heating_loads(
|
| 629 |
design_loads=design_loads,
|
| 630 |
monthly_temps=monthly_temps,
|
| 631 |
design_temp=outdoor_conditions["design_temperature"],
|
| 632 |
indoor_temp=indoor_conditions["temperature"]
|
| 633 |
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 634 |
hdds = heating_load_calculator.calculate_heating_degree_days(monthly_temps)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 635 |
energy = heating_load_calculator.calculate_annual_heating_energy(monthly_loads)
|
| 636 |
|
|
|
|
| 637 |
print("Heating Load Summary:")
|
| 638 |
+
for key, value in summary.items():
|
| 639 |
+
print(f"{key.replace('_', ' ').title()}: {value:.2f} W")
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 640 |
|
| 641 |
print("\nMonthly Heating Loads:")
|
| 642 |
for month, load in monthly_loads.items():
|
|
|
|
| 647 |
print(f"{month}: {hdd:.2f} HDD")
|
| 648 |
|
| 649 |
print("\nAnnual Heating Energy:")
|
| 650 |
+
print(f"Total: {energy['annual']:.2f} kWh")
|