"""
User Study: Firestore logging and study configuration.

STORAGE: Google Cloud Firestore (Firebase).
  The service account JSON file is loaded from:
    1. The file path in FIREBASE_KEY_PATH env var, OR
    2. The default path: steering-vision-language-model-firebase-adminsdk-fbsvc-b7d95b30a2.json
       (relative to this file's directory), OR
    3. The JSON string in FIREBASE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON env var (for HF Spaces secrets).

  Firestore collections:
    participants, interaction_log, image_annotations,
    method_comparison, survey_responses, final_selections, final_survey
"""

import json
import os
import re
from pathlib import Path
from datetime import datetime, timezone

# ── Firestore initialisation ────────────────────────────────────────────────

_firestore_db = None
_firestore_init_done = False

# Default key file path (same directory as this module)
_DEFAULT_KEY_FILE = Path(__file__).parent / "steering-vision-language-model-firebase-adminsdk-fbsvc-b7d95b30a2.json"


def _init_firestore():
    """Lazy-init Firestore. Called once; sets _firestore_db or raises."""
    global _firestore_db, _firestore_init_done
    if _firestore_init_done:
        return
    _firestore_init_done = True

    import firebase_admin
    from firebase_admin import credentials, firestore

    # Already initialised by another module?
    if firebase_admin._apps:
        _firestore_db = firestore.client()
        print("[study_utils] Firestore: reusing existing app")
        return

    # Option 1: explicit file path from env var
    key_path = os.environ.get("FIREBASE_KEY_PATH", "").strip()
    if key_path and Path(key_path).exists():
        cred = credentials.Certificate(key_path)
        firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
        _firestore_db = firestore.client()
        print(f"[study_utils] Firestore: initialised from FIREBASE_KEY_PATH={key_path}")
        return

    # Option 2: default key file next to this module
    if _DEFAULT_KEY_FILE.exists():
        cred = credentials.Certificate(str(_DEFAULT_KEY_FILE))
        firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
        _firestore_db = firestore.client()
        print(f"[study_utils] Firestore: initialised from {_DEFAULT_KEY_FILE.name}")
        return

    # Option 3: JSON string in env var (for HF Spaces secrets)
    sa_json = os.environ.get("FIREBASE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON", "").strip()
    if sa_json:
        info = json.loads(sa_json)
        cred = credentials.Certificate(info)
        firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
        _firestore_db = firestore.client()
        print("[study_utils] Firestore: initialised from FIREBASE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON")
        return

    raise RuntimeError(
        "No Firebase credentials found. Place the service account JSON file "
        f"at {_DEFAULT_KEY_FILE} or set FIREBASE_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_JSON env var."
    )


def _get_db():
    """Return the Firestore client, initialising if needed."""
    _init_firestore()
    if _firestore_db is None:
        raise RuntimeError("Firestore is not initialised.")
    return _firestore_db


def firestore_add(collection: str, data: dict) -> None:
    """Add a document to a Firestore collection."""
    db = _get_db()
    db.collection(collection).add(data)


def firestore_batch_add(items: list[tuple[str, dict]]) -> None:
    """Add many documents efficiently using Firestore batch writes.

    Args:
        items: list of (collection_name, data_dict) tuples.
               Firestore batches support up to 500 ops each;
               this function auto-splits into multiple batches.
    """
    db = _get_db()
    BATCH_LIMIT = 450  # stay under Firestore's 500-op limit
    for start in range(0, len(items), BATCH_LIMIT):
        batch = db.batch()
        for collection, data in items[start:start + BATCH_LIMIT]:
            ref = db.collection(collection).document()
            batch.set(ref, data)
        batch.commit()


def firestore_query_exists(collection: str, field: str, value) -> bool:
    """Return True if at least one document matches field == value."""
    db = _get_db()
    docs = (db.collection(collection)
            .where(field, "==", value)
            .limit(1)
            .get())
    return len(docs) > 0


# ── 22 study queries ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

STUDY_QUERIES = [
    # Stanford Dogs (7)
    ("a golden retriever", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("Dog on the beach", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("Dog looking guilty", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("friendly looking dog", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("aggressive looking dog", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("nervous looking dog", "stanford_dogs"),
    ("Hyper active dog", "stanford_dogs"),
    # Flickr (7)
    ("a person riding a bicycle", "flickr"),
    ("A dog playing", "flickr"),
    ("an exciting action scene", "flickr"),
    ("a joyful moment", "flickr"),
    ("A kid having fun", "flickr"),
    ("peaceful scene", "flickr"),
    ("a photo with motion", "flickr"),
    # CelebA (8)
    ("wearing eyeglasses", "celeba"),
    ("a person smiling", "celeba"),
    ("looking guilty", "celeba"),
    ("looking happy", "celeba"),
    ("looking sad", "celeba"),
    ("looking suspicious", "celeba"),
    ("looking tired", "celeba"),
    ("looking confident", "celeba"),
]

NUM_QUERIES = len(STUDY_QUERIES)
MAX_ROUNDS = 3


# ── Helpers ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

def _iso_ts() -> str:
    return datetime.now(timezone.utc).isoformat()


def validate_email(email: str) -> bool:
    if not email or not isinstance(email, str):
        return False
    email = email.strip().lower()
    pattern = r"^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$"
    return bool(re.match(pattern, email))


def participant_exists(participant_id: str) -> bool:
    """Return True if participant_id already registered in Firestore."""
    return firestore_query_exists("participants", "participant_id", participant_id.strip().lower())


def register_participant(email: str, gender: str, age_range: str) -> tuple:
    """
    Write participant to Firestore.
    Returns (success: bool, error_message: str).
    """
    email = email.strip().lower()
    if not validate_email(email):
        return False, "Please enter a valid email address."
    if participant_exists(email):
        return False, "This email is already registered. Use a different one or contact the researchers."
    row = {
        "participant_id": email,
        "email": email,
        "gender": (gender or "").strip(),
        "age_range": (age_range or "").strip(),
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    }
    firestore_add("participants", row)
    return True, ""


def log_interaction(
    participant_id: str,
    query_id: int,
    query_text: str,
    method: str,
    round_number: int,
    attributes_used: str,
    retrieved_image_ids: str,
    time_elapsed: float,
    user_satisfied: int,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("interaction_log", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "query_id": query_id,
        "query_text": query_text,
        "method": method,
        "round_number": round_number,
        "attributes_used": attributes_used,
        "retrieved_image_ids": retrieved_image_ids,
        "time_elapsed": time_elapsed,
        "user_satisfied": user_satisfied,
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })


def log_image_annotations(
    participant_id: str,
    query_id: int,
    image_id: str,
    method: str,
    meets_intent: int,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("image_annotations", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "query_id": query_id,
        "image_id": image_id,
        "method": method,
        "meets_intent": meets_intent,
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })


def log_method_comparison(
    participant_id: str,
    query_id: int,
    linear_better: str,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("method_comparison", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "query_id": query_id,
        "linear_better": linear_better,
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })


def log_survey_responses(
    participant_id: str,
    query_id: int,
    alignment_score: int,
    agency_score: int,
    satisfaction_score: int,
    frustration_score: int,
    round_satisfied: int,
    time_elapsed: float,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("survey_responses", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "query_id": query_id,
        "alignment_score": alignment_score,
        "agency_score": agency_score,
        "satisfaction_score": satisfaction_score,
        "frustration_score": frustration_score,
        "round_satisfied": round_satisfied,
        "time_elapsed": time_elapsed,
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })


def log_final_selections(
    participant_id: str,
    query_id: int,
    baseline_final_image_ids: str,
    linear_final_image_ids: str,
    round_satisfied: int,
    time_elapsed: float,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("final_selections", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "query_id": query_id,
        "baseline_final_image_ids": baseline_final_image_ids,
        "linear_final_image_ids": linear_final_image_ids,
        "round_satisfied": round_satisfied,
        "time_elapsed": time_elapsed,
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })


def log_final_survey(
    participant_id: str,
    preferred_system: str,
    concept_changed: str,
    open_feedback: str,
) -> None:
    firestore_add("final_survey", {
        "participant_id": participant_id,
        "preferred_system": preferred_system,
        "concept_changed": concept_changed,
        "open_feedback": (open_feedback or "").strip(),
        "timestamp": _iso_ts(),
    })