const sources = [
  {
    id: "procedures",
    tag: "Ministry",
    title: "Les procédures d'accès à la nationalité française",
    body:
      "Official naturalization page: exam start date, 40-question format, 45-minute duration, 32/40 pass mark, the five themes, and the note that the scenario questions are not public.",
    url: "https://www.immigration.interieur.gouv.fr/fr/Integration-et-Acces-a-la-nationalite/La-nationalite-francaise/Les-procedures-d-acces-a-la-nationalite-francaise"
  },
  {
    id: "referential",
    tag: "Légifrance",
    title: "Arrêté du 10 octobre 2025",
    body:
      "Official legal referential for the naturalization civic exam: exact theme weighting, rule that only one answer is correct, and the knowledge framework behind the questions.",
    url: "https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000052381620"
  },
  {
    id: "question-bank",
    tag: "Ministry PDF",
    title: "Questions de connaissance pour l'examen civique - Nationalité française",
    body:
      "Official public question bank with the topics and question formulations published by the Ministry of the Interior for naturalization preparation.",
    url: "https://www.immigration.interieur.gouv.fr/documentation/ressources/questions-de-connaissance-pour-lexamen-civique-nationalite-francaise.html"
  },
  {
    id: "livret",
    tag: "Ministry PDF",
    title: "Livret du citoyen",
    body:
      "Official study booklet for naturalization candidates: republican values, institutions, history, geography, culture, and civic expectations.",
    url: "https://www.immigration.interieur.gouv.fr/documentation/ressources/livret-du-citoyen.html"
  },
  {
    id: "charte",
    tag: "Ministry PDF",
    title: "Charte des droits et devoirs du citoyen français",
    body:
      "Official charter summarizing the essential values, rights, and duties expected from a future French citizen.",
    url: "https://www.immigration.interieur.gouv.fr/documentation/ressources/charte-des-droits-et-devoirs-du-citoyen-francais.html"
  }
];

const themeLabels = {
  republique: "Principes et valeurs de la République",
  institutions: "Système institutionnel et politique",
  droits: "Droits et devoirs",
  histoire: "Histoire, géographie et culture",
  societe: "Vivre dans la société française"
};

const studySections = [
  {
    id: "theme-republique",
    title: "Theme 1",
    subtitle: "Principes et valeurs de la République / Principles and values of the Republic",
    fr: [
      "La France est une République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale.",
      "La souveraineté nationale appartient au peuple, qui l'exerce par ses représentants et par le référendum.",
      "La devise est « Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ».",
      "Les symboles à connaître : drapeau bleu-blanc-rouge, Marianne, La Marseillaise, fête nationale du 14 juillet, coq.",
      "La langue de la République est le français.",
      "La liberté protège la pensée, l'opinion, l'expression, la religion, le travail, la circulation, la réunion et l'association.",
      "La liberté s'arrête là où elle nuit aux droits d'autrui ou à l'ordre public.",
      "L'égalité signifie l'égalité des droits et des devoirs, l'égalité devant la loi et l'égalité femmes-hommes.",
      "La fraternité est une solidarité civique. Payer ses impôts participe au financement des services publics pour tous.",
      "La laïcité garantit la liberté de conscience : croire, ne pas croire, changer de religion.",
      "La loi de 1905 sépare les Églises et l'État. L'État est neutre, mais il garantit le libre exercice des cultes dans le respect de la loi.",
      "Dans les services publics, les usagers sont égaux. Ils peuvent exprimer leurs convictions sans prosélytisme ni refus des règles communes.",
      "Dans l'école publique, la laïcité protège la liberté de chaque enfant et interdit d'écarter des enseignements pour motif religieux.",
      "La discrimination, le racisme, l'antisémitisme et la haine anti-LGBT sont contraires aux valeurs républicaines.",
      "La polygamie est interdite en France."
    ],
    en: [
      "France is an indivisible, secular, democratic, and social Republic.",
      "National sovereignty belongs to the people, who exercise it through representatives and by referendum.",
      "The motto is “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.”",
      "Core symbols to know: the blue-white-red flag, Marianne, La Marseillaise, the national holiday on 14 July, and the rooster.",
      "The language of the Republic is French.",
      "Liberty protects freedom of thought, opinion, expression, religion, work, movement, assembly, and association.",
      "Freedom stops where it harms the rights of others or public order.",
      "Equality means equal rights and duties, equality before the law, and equality between women and men.",
      "Fraternity is civic solidarity. Paying taxes helps fund public services for everyone.",
      "Secularism guarantees freedom of conscience: to believe, not believe, or change religion.",
      "The 1905 law separates Churches and the State. The State is neutral, but it guarantees free worship within the law.",
      "In public services, users are equal. They may express beliefs without proselytizing or refusing common rules.",
      "In public school, secularism protects each child’s freedom and forbids rejecting parts of the curriculum for religious reasons.",
      "Discrimination, racism, antisemitism, and anti-LGBT hatred are incompatible with republican values.",
      "Polygamy is prohibited in France."
    ]
  },
  {
    id: "theme-institutions",
    title: "Theme 2",
    subtitle: "Système institutionnel et politique / Institutional and political system",
    fr: [
      "La France est une démocratie et un État de droit : la loi s'applique à tous, y compris aux autorités publiques.",
      "Les trois pouvoirs à connaître sont : législatif, exécutif et autorité judiciaire.",
      "Le Parlement, composé de l'Assemblée nationale et du Sénat, vote les lois et contrôle le Gouvernement.",
      "Le Président de la République est élu au suffrage universel direct pour cinq ans.",
      "Le Premier ministre est nommé par le Président de la République et dirige l'action du Gouvernement.",
      "Les députés sont élus pour cinq ans. Les sénateurs ont un mandat de six ans.",
      "Pour voter à l'élection présidentielle, il faut être français, majeur et ne pas avoir été privé de ses droits civils et politiques.",
      "Le pluralisme des partis politiques est une condition nécessaire de la démocratie.",
      "La commune gère notamment l'état civil et les écoles maternelles et primaires.",
      "Le département gère notamment les collèges et certaines politiques sociales.",
      "La région gère notamment les lycées, la formation professionnelle et les transports régionaux.",
      "L'État est représenté dans le département par le préfet.",
      "La France compte 101 départements et 13 régions métropolitaines.",
      "L'Union européenne est créée en 1992 par le traité de Maastricht.",
      "Au 1er janvier 2025, l'Union européenne compte 27 États membres.",
      "Les citoyens français sont aussi citoyens européens : ils peuvent circuler, travailler, étudier et s'installer dans les autres pays de l'Union."
    ],
    en: [
      "France is a democracy and a state governed by law: the law applies to everyone, including public authorities.",
      "The three powers to know are the legislative, executive, and judicial authorities.",
      "Parliament, made up of the National Assembly and the Senate, votes laws and oversees the Government.",
      "The President of the Republic is elected by direct universal suffrage for five years.",
      "The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic and leads the Government’s action.",
      "Deputies are elected for five years. Senators serve six-year terms.",
      "To vote in the presidential election, you must be French, an adult, and not deprived of civil and political rights.",
      "Political party pluralism is necessary in a democracy.",
      "The commune manages civil registry matters and nursery and primary schools.",
      "The department manages middle schools and some social policies.",
      "The region manages high schools, vocational training, and regional transport.",
      "The State is represented in a department by the prefect.",
      "France has 101 departments and 13 metropolitan regions.",
      "The European Union was created in 1992 by the Maastricht Treaty.",
      "As of 1 January 2025, the European Union has 27 member states.",
      "French citizens are also European citizens: they may move, work, study, and settle in other EU countries."
    ]
  },
  {
    id: "theme-droits",
    title: "Theme 3",
    subtitle: "Droits et devoirs / Rights and duties",
    fr: [
      "Les textes fondamentaux à connaître : Constitution de 1958, Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789, Charte de l'environnement de 2004.",
      "Les droits fondamentaux protègent la dignité humaine, l'intégrité, les libertés individuelles et les droits sociaux.",
      "La liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui.",
      "La liberté d'expression et la liberté de la presse existent, mais elles ont des limites légales.",
      "Il est interdit de tenir des propos injurieux, diffamatoires, antisémites, racistes ou d'apologie de crimes contre l'humanité.",
      "Les libertés sont encadrées par la loi et par l'ordre public.",
      "Respecter la loi est un devoir général : « nul n'est censé ignorer la loi ».",
      "Déclarer ses revenus et payer ses impôts est obligatoire.",
      "Les cotisations sociales financent aussi la protection sociale.",
      "Le droit de vote commence à 18 ans pour les citoyens français remplissant les conditions légales.",
      "Être juré dans un procès d'assises est une participation civique possible.",
      "Porter secours à une personne en danger est une obligation.",
      "La vente d'alcool aux mineurs de moins de 18 ans est interdite.",
      "La conduite sans permis est illégale.",
      "Le non-respect du code de la route, les violences, les discriminations et d'autres infractions peuvent entraîner des sanctions pénales.",
      "Un juge peut priver une personne condamnée de certains droits civils et politiques."
    ],
    en: [
      "The core texts to know are the 1958 Constitution, the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, and the 2004 Environmental Charter.",
      "Fundamental rights protect human dignity, integrity, individual freedoms, and social rights.",
      "Freedom means being able to do anything that does not harm others.",
      "Freedom of expression and freedom of the press exist, but they have legal limits.",
      "Insults, defamation, antisemitic or racist speech, and praise of crimes against humanity are prohibited.",
      "Freedoms are framed by law and by public order.",
      "Respecting the law is a general duty: nobody is supposed to ignore the law.",
      "Declaring income and paying taxes is mandatory.",
      "Social contributions also finance social protection.",
      "Voting rights begin at age 18 for French citizens who meet the legal conditions.",
      "Serving as a juror in a criminal court is a possible civic duty.",
      "Helping a person in danger is a legal obligation.",
      "Selling alcohol to minors under 18 is forbidden.",
      "Driving without a license is illegal.",
      "Breaking road rules, committing violence, or discriminating can lead to criminal penalties.",
      "A judge may deprive a convicted person of certain civil and political rights."
    ]
  },
  {
    id: "theme-history",
    title: "Theme 4",
    subtitle: "Histoire, géographie et culture / History, geography, and culture",
    fr: [
      "Repères historiques essentiels : monarchie jusqu'en 1789, Révolution française à partir de 1789, Ire République en 1792.",
      "Napoléon Ier devient empereur en 1804. Le Code civil date du début du XIXe siècle.",
      "L'esclavage est aboli en France en 1848.",
      "La République s'installe durablement en 1875 ; l'école publique devient laïque, gratuite et obligatoire dans les années 1880.",
      "Première Guerre mondiale : 1914-1918. Le 11 novembre commémore l'armistice de 1918.",
      "Seconde Guerre mondiale : 1939-1945. L'appel du 18 juin 1940 est un repère majeur de la Résistance.",
      "Le 8 mai commémore la victoire de 1945 en Europe.",
      "Les femmes obtiennent le droit de vote en 1944.",
      "L'ONU est créée en 1945.",
      "La Communauté économique européenne naît en 1957 ; l'Union européenne en 1992 ; l'euro devient la monnaie officielle en France en 2002.",
      "La peine de mort est abolie en 1981 sous François Mitterrand.",
      "La France compte environ 68 millions d'habitants en 2025.",
      "Les grands repères géographiques à connaître : Seine, Loire, Garonne, Rhône, Rhin ; Alpes et Pyrénées ; Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Lille, Bordeaux, Nice, Nantes, Strasbourg, Rennes.",
      "Les 5 DROM à connaître : Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique, Mayotte, La Réunion.",
      "Le Mont-Blanc est la plus haute montagne de France. La Seine traverse Paris. La Guyane a une frontière avec le Brésil.",
      "Repères culturels fréquents : Louvre, Tour Eiffel, Mont-Saint-Michel, Lascaux, Versailles, La Joconde, Molière, Victor Hugo, Monet, Delacroix, Rodin, Marie Curie."
    ],
    en: [
      "Core historical markers: monarchy until 1789, French Revolution from 1789, First Republic in 1792.",
      "Napoleon I became emperor in 1804. The Civil Code dates from the early nineteenth century.",
      "Slavery was abolished in France in 1848.",
      "The Republic became stable in 1875; public school became secular, free, and compulsory in the 1880s.",
      "First World War: 1914-1918. 11 November commemorates the 1918 armistice.",
      "Second World War: 1939-1945. The Appeal of 18 June 1940 is a major Resistance landmark.",
      "8 May commemorates victory in Europe in 1945.",
      "Women obtained the right to vote in 1944.",
      "The UN was created in 1945.",
      "The European Economic Community began in 1957, the European Union in 1992, and the euro became France’s official currency in 2002.",
      "The death penalty was abolished in 1981 under François Mitterrand.",
      "France has roughly 68 million inhabitants in 2025.",
      "Key geography: the Seine, Loire, Garonne, Rhône, and Rhine; the Alps and Pyrenees; Paris, Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Lille, Bordeaux, Nice, Nantes, Strasbourg, and Rennes.",
      "The 5 overseas departments and regions to know are Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion.",
      "Mont Blanc is the highest mountain in France. The Seine crosses Paris. French Guiana borders Brazil.",
      "Frequent cultural landmarks: the Louvre, Eiffel Tower, Mont-Saint-Michel, Lascaux, Versailles, the Mona Lisa, Molière, Victor Hugo, Monet, Delacroix, Rodin, and Marie Curie."
    ]
  },
  {
    id: "theme-societe",
    title: "Theme 5",
    subtitle: "Vivre dans la société française / Living in French society",
    fr: [
      "Pour s'installer en France, il faut connaître les démarches du quotidien : assurance, impôts, changement d'adresse, séjour, logement, état civil.",
      "Une naissance, un mariage, un divorce ou un décès donnent lieu à des démarches auprès de l'état civil et d'autres organismes.",
      "Pour les soins, il faut connaître l'Assurance maladie, la mutuelle, la carte Vitale, le secret médical et le droit à l'information.",
      "Numéros d'urgence utiles : 15 pour le SAMU, 17 pour la police, 18 pour les pompiers, 112 numéro d'urgence européen.",
      "Le travail en France repose sur un contrat, des règles de sécurité, des congés, le droit syndical et la formation.",
      "La durée légale du travail est de 35 heures par semaine.",
      "Le SMIC est le salaire minimum légal.",
      "Le travail non déclaré est illégal.",
      "Les femmes et les hommes ont les mêmes droits au travail et dans la création d'entreprise.",
      "L'autorité parentale protège l'intérêt de l'enfant. Les enfants ont droit au respect de leur intégrité physique et morale.",
      "L'instruction est obligatoire de 3 à 16 ans.",
      "Après l'école élémentaire, les élèves vont au collège, puis au lycée.",
      "Les parents doivent respecter le règlement intérieur de l'école et accompagner la scolarité.",
      "Les châtiments corporels contre les enfants ne sont pas admis.",
      "Après un divorce, l'autorité parentale continue en principe à être exercée par les deux parents."
    ],
    en: [
      "To settle in France, you need to know everyday procedures: insurance, taxes, address changes, residence status, housing, and civil registry matters.",
      "A birth, marriage, divorce, or death leads to procedures with the civil registry and other institutions.",
      "For healthcare, know the Health Insurance system, supplementary insurance, the Vitale card, medical confidentiality, and the right to information.",
      "Useful emergency numbers: 15 for medical emergency services, 17 for police, 18 for firefighters, and 112 as the European emergency number.",
      "Work in France is based on contracts, safety rules, leave, trade-union rights, and training.",
      "The legal working week is 35 hours.",
      "The SMIC is the legal minimum wage.",
      "Undeclared work is illegal.",
      "Women and men have the same rights at work and when creating a business.",
      "Parental authority protects the child’s interests. Children have the right to physical and moral integrity.",
      "Schooling is compulsory from age 3 to 16.",
      "After elementary school, pupils go to middle school, then high school.",
      "Parents must respect school rules and support their children’s schooling.",
      "Physical punishment of children is not accepted.",
      "After a divorce, parental authority normally continues to be exercised by both parents."
    ]
  }
];

const cramDecks = [
  {
    title: "Symbols and principles",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "Devise: Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité.",
        en: "Motto: Liberty, Equality, Fraternity."
      },
      {
        fr: "Langue de la République: le français.",
        en: "Language of the Republic: French."
      },
      {
        fr: "Régime: République indivisible, laïque, démocratique et sociale.",
        en: "Regime: an indivisible, secular, democratic, and social Republic."
      },
      {
        fr: "Symboles: drapeau bleu-blanc-rouge, Marianne, Marseillaise, 14 juillet.",
        en: "Symbols: the blue-white-red flag, Marianne, La Marseillaise, and 14 July."
      },
      {
        fr: "Loi de séparation des Églises et de l'État: 1905.",
        en: "Law separating Churches and the State: 1905."
      },
      {
        fr: "La souveraineté nationale appartient au peuple.",
        en: "National sovereignty belongs to the people."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    title: "Institutions and voting",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "Président: élu pour 5 ans au suffrage universel direct.",
        en: "President: elected for 5 years by direct universal suffrage."
      },
      {
        fr: "Députés: 5 ans. Sénateurs: 6 ans.",
        en: "Deputies: 5 years. Senators: 6 years."
      },
      {
        fr: "Parlement = Assemblée nationale + Sénat.",
        en: "Parliament = National Assembly + Senate."
      },
      {
        fr: "Commune: état civil, écoles maternelles et primaires.",
        en: "Commune: civil registry, nursery schools, and primary schools."
      },
      {
        fr: "Département: collèges, action sociale.",
        en: "Department: middle schools and social services."
      },
      {
        fr: "Région: lycées, formation professionnelle, transports régionaux.",
        en: "Region: high schools, vocational training, and regional transport."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    title: "Rights and duties",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "Majorité civile: 18 ans.",
        en: "Civil majority: 18 years old."
      },
      {
        fr: "Déclarer ses revenus et payer ses impôts: obligatoire.",
        en: "Declaring income and paying taxes: mandatory."
      },
      {
        fr: "Porter secours à une personne en danger: obligatoire.",
        en: "Helping a person in danger: mandatory."
      },
      {
        fr: "Conduire sans permis: illégal.",
        en: "Driving without a license: illegal."
      },
      {
        fr: "Vente d'alcool aux mineurs de moins de 18 ans: interdite.",
        en: "Selling alcohol to minors under 18: prohibited."
      },
      {
        fr: "Polygamie et discriminations: interdites.",
        en: "Polygamy and discrimination: prohibited."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    title: "History dates",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "1789: Révolution française.",
        en: "1789: French Revolution."
      },
      {
        fr: "1792: Ire République.",
        en: "1792: First Republic."
      },
      {
        fr: "1804: Napoléon Ier empereur.",
        en: "1804: Napoleon I becomes emperor."
      },
      {
        fr: "1848: abolition de l'esclavage.",
        en: "1848: abolition of slavery."
      },
      {
        fr: "1914-1918 et 1939-1945: les deux guerres mondiales.",
        en: "1914-1918 and 1939-1945: the two world wars."
      },
      {
        fr: "1944: droit de vote des femmes. 1981: abolition de la peine de mort.",
        en: "1944: women gain the right to vote. 1981: abolition of the death penalty."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    title: "Europe and geography",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "1957: CEE. 1992: Union européenne. 2002: euro officiel en France.",
        en: "1957: EEC. 1992: European Union. 2002: euro becomes official in France."
      },
      {
        fr: "UE au 1er janvier 2025: 27 États membres.",
        en: "EU on 1 January 2025: 27 member states."
      },
      {
        fr: "Fleuve de Paris: la Seine.",
        en: "River of Paris: the Seine."
      },
      {
        fr: "Plus haute montagne: le Mont-Blanc.",
        en: "Highest mountain: Mont Blanc."
      },
      {
        fr: "DROM: Guadeloupe, Guyane, Martinique, Mayotte, La Réunion.",
        en: "Overseas departments and regions: Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, Réunion."
      },
      {
        fr: "La Guyane a une frontière avec le Brésil.",
        en: "French Guiana shares a border with Brazil."
      }
    ]
  },
  {
    title: "Daily life in France",
    items: [
      {
        fr: "SAMU: 15. Police: 17. Pompiers: 18. Urgence européenne: 112.",
        en: "Medical emergency: 15. Police: 17. Firefighters: 18. European emergency: 112."
      },
      {
        fr: "Durée légale du travail: 35 heures.",
        en: "Legal working time: 35 hours."
      },
      {
        fr: "SMIC: salaire minimum légal.",
        en: "SMIC: legal minimum wage."
      },
      {
        fr: "Instruction obligatoire: de 3 à 16 ans.",
        en: "Compulsory education: from age 3 to 16."
      },
      {
        fr: "Après l'école élémentaire: collège, puis lycée.",
        en: "After elementary school: middle school, then high school."
      },
      {
        fr: "Après divorce, l'autorité parentale est en principe exercée par les deux parents.",
        en: "After divorce, parental authority is normally exercised by both parents."
      }
    ]
  }
];

const scenarioDrills = [
  {
    title: "Public service neutrality",
    label: "Laïcité",
    fr:
      "Une personne demande à la mairie de ne pas appliquer une règle commune pour des raisons religieuses. La bonne logique civique est que le service public reste neutre et applique la même règle à tous.",
    en:
      "A person asks the town hall not to apply a common rule for religious reasons. The correct civic logic is that the public service remains neutral and applies the same rule to everyone."
  },
  {
    title: "School curriculum",
    label: "École publique",
    fr:
      "Des parents veulent retirer leur enfant d'un cours obligatoire pour motif religieux. La réponse conforme au référentiel est non: on ne choisit pas les enseignements obligatoires selon ses croyances.",
    en:
      "Parents want to remove their child from a compulsory lesson for religious reasons. The response consistent with the referential is no: compulsory teaching cannot be selected according to beliefs."
  },
  {
    title: "Hiring discrimination",
    label: "Égalité",
    fr:
      "Un employeur refuse un candidat à cause de sa religion ou de son origine. Il s'agit d'une discrimination interdite par les valeurs républicaines et par la loi.",
    en:
      "An employer rejects a candidate because of religion or origin. This is discrimination prohibited by republican values and by law."
  },
  {
    title: "Danger on the street",
    label: "Devoir",
    fr:
      "Vous voyez une personne gravement blessée dans la rue. Le réflexe attendu est de porter secours ou d'alerter les secours, car l'assistance à une personne en danger est une obligation.",
    en:
      "You see a seriously injured person in the street. The expected response is to help or call emergency services, because assisting a person in danger is a legal duty."
  },
  {
    title: "Undeclared work",
    label: "Travail",
    fr:
      "Un ami propose un emploi payé en espèces sans déclaration. La bonne réponse est de refuser: le travail non déclaré est illégal et prive de protections sociales.",
    en:
      "A friend offers a cash job without declaration. The correct response is to refuse: undeclared work is illegal and removes social protections."
  },
  {
    title: "Parental authority after divorce",
    label: "Famille",
    fr:
      "Après un divorce, un parent pense perdre automatiquement tout rôle éducatif. En principe, c'est faux: l'autorité parentale continue d'être exercée par les deux parents.",
    en:
      "After a divorce, one parent thinks they automatically lose all educational authority. In principle this is false: parental authority continues to be exercised by both parents."
  },
  {
    title: "Free expression limits",
    label: "Liberté",
    fr:
      "Quelqu'un invoque la liberté d'expression pour diffuser des propos racistes. Le raisonnement correct est que la liberté d'expression existe, mais n'autorise pas les discours interdits par la loi.",
    en:
      "Someone invokes freedom of expression to spread racist statements. The correct reasoning is that freedom of expression exists, but does not authorize speech prohibited by law."
  },
  {
    title: "Equal access for women",
    label: "Égalité femmes-hommes",
    fr:
      "On affirme qu'une femme ne peut pas créer librement son entreprise. C'est contraire au principe d'égalité: femmes et hommes ont les mêmes droits dans le travail et l'entrepreneuriat.",
    en:
      "Someone claims that a woman cannot freely create her own business. This is contrary to equality: women and men have the same rights in work and entrepreneurship."
  }
];

const timelineItems = [
  {
    date: "1789",
    frTitle: "Révolution française",
    frText: "Début de la Révolution et Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen.",
    enTitle: "French Revolution",
    enText: "Start of the Revolution and adoption of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen."
  },
  {
    date: "1792",
    frTitle: "Ire République",
    frText: "Proclamation de la Première République.",
    enTitle: "First Republic",
    enText: "Proclamation of the First Republic."
  },
  {
    date: "1804",
    frTitle: "Napoléon Ier",
    frText: "Napoléon devient empereur ; le Code civil est un grand repère du début du XIXe siècle.",
    enTitle: "Napoleon I",
    enText: "Napoleon becomes emperor; the Civil Code is a key early nineteenth-century marker."
  },
  {
    date: "1848",
    frTitle: "Abolition de l'esclavage",
    frText: "L'esclavage est aboli en France.",
    enTitle: "Abolition of slavery",
    enText: "Slavery is abolished in France."
  },
  {
    date: "1875-1880s",
    frTitle: "République durable",
    frText: "La République s'installe durablement ; école publique laïque, gratuite et obligatoire.",
    enTitle: "Stable Republic",
    enText: "The Republic becomes stable; public school becomes secular, free, and compulsory."
  },
  {
    date: "1914-1918",
    frTitle: "Première Guerre mondiale",
    frText: "Le 11 novembre rappelle l'armistice de 1918.",
    enTitle: "First World War",
    enText: "11 November commemorates the 1918 armistice."
  },
  {
    date: "18 June 1940",
    frTitle: "Appel du général de Gaulle",
    frText: "Repère central de la Résistance pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.",
    enTitle: "Appeal of General de Gaulle",
    enText: "A central marker of the French Resistance during the Second World War."
  },
  {
    date: "1944",
    frTitle: "Droit de vote des femmes",
    frText: "Les femmes obtiennent le droit de vote.",
    enTitle: "Women’s suffrage",
    enText: "Women obtain the right to vote."
  },
  {
    date: "1945",
    frTitle: "Fin de la guerre et ONU",
    frText: "Le 8 mai commémore la victoire en Europe ; l'ONU est créée la même année.",
    enTitle: "End of war and the UN",
    enText: "8 May commemorates victory in Europe; the UN is created the same year."
  },
  {
    date: "1957 / 1992 / 2002",
    frTitle: "Construction européenne",
    frText: "CEE en 1957, Union européenne en 1992, euro officiel en France en 2002.",
    enTitle: "European construction",
    enText: "EEC in 1957, European Union in 1992, euro official in France in 2002."
  },
  {
    date: "1981",
    frTitle: "Peine de mort abolie",
    frText: "Abolition sous François Mitterrand.",
    enTitle: "Death penalty abolished",
    enText: "Abolished under François Mitterrand."
  },
  {
    date: "1 Jan 2026",
    frTitle: "Nouvel examen civique",
    frText: "L'examen civique devient exigé pour les demandes de naturalisation déposées à partir de cette date.",
    enTitle: "New civic exam",
    enText: "The civic exam becomes required for naturalization applications filed from this date."
  }
];

const questionBank = [
  {
    id: "rep-01",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quelle est la devise de la République française ?",
    en: "What is the motto of the French Republic?",
    choicesFr: ["Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité", "Travail, Famille, Patrie", "Unité, Autorité, Nation", "Honneur, Justice, Patrie"],
    choicesEn: ["Liberty, Equality, Fraternity", "Work, Family, Fatherland", "Unity, Authority, Nation", "Honor, Justice, Fatherland"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La devise officielle de la République est « Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ».",
    explanationEn: "The official motto of the Republic is “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.”",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-02",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Complétez les paroles de la Marseillaise : « Allons enfants de la patrie... »",
    en: "Complete the lyrics of La Marseillaise: “Allons enfants de la patrie...”",
    choicesFr: ["Le jour de gloire est arrivé", "Le peuple enfin sera sauvé", "La République a triomphé", "La France entière a chanté"],
    choicesEn: ["The day of glory has arrived", "The people will finally be saved", "The Republic has triumphed", "All France has sung"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La suite officielle est « le jour de gloire est arrivé ».",
    explanationEn: "The official next line is “the day of glory has arrived.”",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-03",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quel personnage symbolise la République française ?",
    en: "Which figure symbolizes the French Republic?",
    choicesFr: ["Marianne", "Jeanne d'Arc", "Catherine de Médicis", "Marie Curie"],
    choicesEn: ["Marianne", "Joan of Arc", "Catherine de Medici", "Marie Curie"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Marianne est le symbole coutumier de la République française.",
    explanationEn: "Marianne is the customary symbol of the French Republic.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-04",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Que commémore la fête nationale du 14 juillet ?",
    en: "What does the national holiday on 14 July commemorate?",
    choicesFr: ["Un repère lié à la Révolution française", "La signature du traité de Maastricht", "La fondation de l'ONU", "La fin de la Première Guerre mondiale"],
    choicesEn: ["A landmark linked to the French Revolution", "The signing of the Maastricht Treaty", "The founding of the UN", "The end of the First World War"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le livret relie le 14 juillet à la Révolution française et à la fête de la Fédération.",
    explanationEn: "The booklet links 14 July to the French Revolution and the Festival of the Federation.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-05",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quelle est la langue de la République ?",
    en: "What is the language of the Republic?",
    choicesFr: ["Le français", "Le français et l'anglais", "Le français et l'allemand", "Toutes les langues régionales réunies"],
    choicesEn: ["French", "French and English", "French and German", "All regional languages together"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'article 2 de la Constitution indique que la langue de la République est le français.",
    explanationEn: "Article 2 of the Constitution states that the language of the Republic is French.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-06",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Que garantit le principe de laïcité ?",
    en: "What does the principle of secularism guarantee?",
    choicesFr: ["La liberté de conscience et la neutralité de l'État", "L'obligation d'avoir une religion", "L'interdiction de tous les cultes", "Le financement général des religions par l'État"],
    choicesEn: ["Freedom of conscience and State neutrality", "The obligation to have a religion", "The prohibition of all worship", "General State funding of religions"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La laïcité garantit la liberté de conscience, l'égalité des citoyens et la neutralité de l'État.",
    explanationEn: "Secularism guarantees freedom of conscience, equality of citizens, and State neutrality.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-07",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "En quelle année la loi de séparation des Églises et de l'État a-t-elle été votée ?",
    en: "In which year was the law separating Churches and the State adopted?",
    choicesFr: ["1789", "1875", "1905", "1958"],
    choicesEn: ["1789", "1875", "1905", "1958"],
    correct: 2,
    explanationFr: "La loi fondatrice de la laïcité date de 1905.",
    explanationEn: "The founding law of secularism dates from 1905.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-08",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Une personne peut-elle changer librement de religion en France ?",
    en: "May a person freely change religion in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Oui", "Non", "Seulement après 25 ans", "Seulement avec une autorisation administrative"],
    choicesEn: ["Yes", "No", "Only after age 25", "Only with administrative authorization"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La liberté de conscience inclut le droit de croire, de ne plus croire et de changer de religion.",
    explanationEn: "Freedom of conscience includes the right to believe, stop believing, and change religion.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-09",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Dans un entretien d'embauche, un employeur peut-il refuser un candidat en raison de sa religion ou de son origine ?",
    en: "In a job interview, may an employer reject a candidate because of religion or origin?",
    choicesFr: ["Non, c'est discriminatoire", "Oui, si l'employeur le préfère", "Oui, dans toutes les entreprises privées", "Oui, si le poste est à temps partiel"],
    choicesEn: ["No, that is discriminatory", "Yes, if the employer prefers", "Yes, in all private companies", "Yes, if the position is part-time"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le livret rappelle qu'un employeur ne peut pas discriminer en raison de l'origine, de la religion, du sexe ou d'autres critères protégés.",
    explanationEn: "The booklet states that an employer may not discriminate based on origin, religion, sex, or other protected criteria.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-10",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "En France, les impôts servent notamment à :",
    en: "In France, taxes are notably used to:",
    choicesFr: ["Financer les services publics", "Choisir une religion officielle", "Donner le droit de vote aux mineurs", "Remplacer toutes les cotisations sociales"],
    choicesEn: ["Fund public services", "Choose an official religion", "Give voting rights to minors", "Replace all social contributions"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel et le livret relient les impôts au principe de solidarité et au financement des services publics.",
    explanationEn: "The referential and the booklet link taxes to solidarity and the funding of public services.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-11",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Dans un service public, un usager peut-il exiger que les règles communes ne s'appliquent pas à lui pour des raisons religieuses ?",
    en: "In a public service, may a user demand exemption from common rules for religious reasons?",
    choicesFr: ["Non", "Oui, toujours", "Oui, si l'agent est d'accord", "Oui, mais seulement à la mairie"],
    choicesEn: ["No", "Yes, always", "Yes, if the official agrees", "Yes, but only at the town hall"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le principe de laïcité interdit de se prévaloir de ses croyances pour s'affranchir des règles communes.",
    explanationEn: "Secularism forbids using one’s beliefs to avoid common rules.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-12",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "À l'école publique, la laïcité signifie notamment que :",
    en: "In public school, secularism notably means that:",
    choicesFr: ["On ne peut pas refuser un enseignement au nom de ses croyances", "Chaque famille choisit librement les matières obligatoires", "Les enseignants peuvent imposer leur religion", "L'histoire n'est pas enseignée"],
    choicesEn: ["You may not refuse part of the curriculum because of beliefs", "Each family freely chooses the mandatory subjects", "Teachers may impose their religion", "History is not taught"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel indique qu'il est interdit de choisir les enseignements selon ses croyances religieuses.",
    explanationEn: "The referential states that one may not choose or reject lessons according to religious beliefs.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-13",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Que signifie l'égalité dans la devise républicaine ?",
    en: "What does equality mean in the republican motto?",
    choicesFr: ["Les mêmes droits et les mêmes devoirs pour tous devant la loi", "Tout le monde a les mêmes revenus", "Tout le monde pense la même chose", "Tous les partis politiques sont supprimés"],
    choicesEn: ["The same rights and duties for everyone before the law", "Everyone has the same income", "Everyone thinks the same thing", "All political parties are abolished"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'égalité signifie l'égalité devant la loi et l'égalité des droits et des devoirs.",
    explanationEn: "Equality means equality before the law and equal rights and duties.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-14",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Lequel de ces comportements est conforme aux valeurs républicaines ?",
    en: "Which of these behaviors is consistent with republican values?",
    choicesFr: ["Respecter les différences et refuser les discriminations", "Refuser l'égalité femmes-hommes", "Exclure des personnes selon leur orientation sexuelle", "Imposer une croyance par la menace"],
    choicesEn: ["Respecting differences and rejecting discrimination", "Rejecting equality between women and men", "Excluding people because of sexual orientation", "Imposing a belief by threat"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel insiste sur la lutte contre les discriminations, le racisme, l'antisémitisme et la haine anti-LGBT.",
    explanationEn: "The referential emphasizes fighting discrimination, racism, antisemitism, and anti-LGBT hatred.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-15",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "La polygamie est-elle autorisée en France ?",
    en: "Is polygamy allowed in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Non", "Oui", "Oui, seulement à l'étranger", "Oui, après naturalisation"],
    choicesEn: ["No", "Yes", "Yes, only abroad", "Yes, after naturalization"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel mentionne l'interdiction de la polygamie.",
    explanationEn: "The referential mentions the prohibition of polygamy.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "rep-16",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quel terme désigne précisément la haine ou les préjugés contre les Juifs ?",
    en: "Which term specifically refers to hatred or prejudice against Jews?",
    choicesFr: ["Antisémitisme", "Laïcité", "Fédéralisme", "Pluralisme"],
    choicesEn: ["Antisemitism", "Secularism", "Federalism", "Pluralism"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'antisémitisme désigne la haine ou les préjugés contre les Juifs.",
    explanationEn: "Antisemitism means hatred or prejudice against Jews.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-01",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Qui vote les lois en France ?",
    en: "Who votes on laws in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Le Parlement", "Le préfet", "Le Défenseur des droits", "Les mairies"],
    choicesEn: ["Parliament", "The prefect", "The Defender of Rights", "Town halls"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Parlement est composé de l'Assemblée nationale et du Sénat ; il vote les lois.",
    explanationEn: "Parliament is made up of the National Assembly and the Senate; it votes on laws.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-02",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Comment est désigné le Premier ministre ?",
    en: "How is the Prime Minister designated?",
    choicesFr: ["Il est nommé par le Président de la République", "Il est élu directement par tous les citoyens", "Il est choisi par le Sénat seul", "Il est tiré au sort"],
    choicesEn: ["He is appointed by the President of the Republic", "He is directly elected by all citizens", "He is chosen by the Senate alone", "He is chosen by lot"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Président nomme le Gouvernement dirigé par le Premier ministre.",
    explanationEn: "The President appoints the Government led by the Prime Minister.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-03",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "À qui appartient la souveraineté nationale ?",
    en: "To whom does national sovereignty belong?",
    choicesFr: ["Au peuple", "Au Président seul", "Aux préfets", "Au Conseil constitutionnel"],
    choicesEn: ["To the people", "To the President alone", "To the prefects", "To the Constitutional Council"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'article 3 de la Constitution précise que la souveraineté nationale appartient au peuple.",
    explanationEn: "Article 3 of the Constitution states that national sovereignty belongs to the people.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-04",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quels sont les trois pouvoirs fondamentaux à connaître ?",
    en: "What are the three fundamental powers to know?",
    choicesFr: ["Législatif, exécutif et autorité judiciaire", "Exécutif, religieux et militaire", "Municipal, départemental et régional", "Présidentiel, européen et syndical"],
    choicesEn: ["Legislative, executive, and judicial authority", "Executive, religious, and military", "Municipal, departmental, and regional", "Presidential, European, and trade-union"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La séparation des pouvoirs concerne le pouvoir législatif, le pouvoir exécutif et l'autorité judiciaire.",
    explanationEn: "The separation of powers concerns the legislative power, executive power, and judicial authority.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-05",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle est la durée du mandat du Président de la République française ?",
    en: "How long is the term of the President of the French Republic?",
    choicesFr: ["5 ans", "4 ans", "6 ans", "7 ans"],
    choicesEn: ["5 years", "4 years", "6 years", "7 years"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Président de la République est élu pour cinq ans.",
    explanationEn: "The President of the Republic is elected for five years.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-06",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle est la durée du mandat des députés ?",
    en: "How long is the term of deputies?",
    choicesFr: ["5 ans", "4 ans", "6 ans", "9 ans"],
    choicesEn: ["5 years", "4 years", "6 years", "9 years"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Les députés sont élus tous les cinq ans.",
    explanationEn: "Deputies are elected every five years.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-07",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle est la durée du mandat des sénateurs ?",
    en: "How long is the term of senators?",
    choicesFr: ["6 ans", "5 ans", "4 ans", "9 mois"],
    choicesEn: ["6 years", "5 years", "4 years", "9 months"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Les sénateurs ont un mandat de six ans.",
    explanationEn: "Senators serve six-year terms.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-08",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle collectivité gère principalement les écoles maternelles et primaires publiques ?",
    en: "Which level of local government mainly manages public nursery and primary schools?",
    choicesFr: ["La commune", "Le département", "La région", "L'Union européenne"],
    choicesEn: ["The commune", "The department", "The region", "The European Union"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La commune est responsable notamment des écoles maternelles et primaires.",
    explanationEn: "The commune is notably responsible for nursery and primary schools.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-09",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Qui gère les collèges publics ?",
    en: "Who manages public middle schools?",
    choicesFr: ["Le département", "La commune", "La région", "Le Sénat"],
    choicesEn: ["The department", "The commune", "The region", "The Senate"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le département est notamment responsable des collèges.",
    explanationEn: "The department is notably responsible for middle schools.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-10",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle collectivité est responsable des transports régionaux et des lycées ?",
    en: "Which level of local government is responsible for regional transport and high schools?",
    choicesFr: ["La région", "Le département", "La commune", "L'arrondissement"],
    choicesEn: ["The region", "The department", "The commune", "The district"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La région gère les transports publics régionaux et les lycées.",
    explanationEn: "The region manages regional public transport and high schools.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-11",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Qui représente l'État dans un département ?",
    en: "Who represents the State in a department?",
    choicesFr: ["Le préfet", "Le maire", "Le sénateur", "Le président du conseil régional"],
    choicesEn: ["The prefect", "The mayor", "The senator", "The president of the regional council"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Dans le département, l'État est représenté par le préfet.",
    explanationEn: "In a department, the State is represented by the prefect.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-12",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "En quelle année l'Union européenne a-t-elle été créée ?",
    en: "In which year was the European Union created?",
    choicesFr: ["1992", "1945", "1958", "2002"],
    choicesEn: ["1992", "1945", "1958", "2002"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'Union européenne est créée en 1992 avec le traité de Maastricht.",
    explanationEn: "The European Union was created in 1992 with the Maastricht Treaty.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-13",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Combien d'États membres l'Union européenne compte-t-elle au 1er janvier 2025 ?",
    en: "How many member states does the European Union have on 1 January 2025?",
    choicesFr: ["27", "25", "28", "30"],
    choicesEn: ["27", "25", "28", "30"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel mentionne 27 États membres au 1er janvier 2025.",
    explanationEn: "The referential mentions 27 member states on 1 January 2025.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "inst-14",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quel est l'hymne de l'Union européenne ?",
    en: "What is the anthem of the European Union?",
    choicesFr: ["L'Ode à la joie", "La Marseillaise", "Le Chant des partisans", "Le Boléro"],
    choicesEn: ["Ode to Joy", "La Marseillaise", "The Song of the Partisans", "Boléro"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'hymne européen est l'Ode à la joie, issue de Beethoven.",
    explanationEn: "The European anthem is Ode to Joy, drawn from Beethoven.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-01",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Quel texte affirme que « tous les hommes naissent et demeurent libres et égaux en droits » ?",
    en: "Which text states that “all men are born and remain free and equal in rights”?",
    choicesFr: ["La Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789", "Le traité de Maastricht", "Le Code civil", "Le règlement intérieur de l'école"],
    choicesEn: ["The 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen", "The Maastricht Treaty", "The Civil Code", "A school rulebook"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Cette formule appartient à la Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789.",
    explanationEn: "This wording comes from the 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-02",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "La liberté consiste à :",
    en: "Freedom consists in:",
    choicesFr: ["Pouvoir faire ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui", "Faire tout ce qu'on veut sans limite", "Refuser toute loi", "Imposer ses opinions aux autres"],
    choicesEn: ["Being able to do what does not harm others", "Doing whatever one wants without limits", "Refusing every law", "Imposing one’s opinions on others"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le principe classique est que la liberté s'arrête là où commence celle des autres.",
    explanationEn: "The classic principle is that freedom stops where the freedom of others begins.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-03",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Dans quel cas l'État peut-il limiter certaines libertés ?",
    en: "In which case may the State limit certain freedoms?",
    choicesFr: ["Pour protéger l'ordre public et les droits d'autrui", "Jamais", "Seulement pendant les vacances scolaires", "Uniquement pour les étrangers"],
    choicesEn: ["To protect public order and the rights of others", "Never", "Only during school holidays", "Only for foreigners"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel indique que les libertés sont encadrées notamment par l'ordre public et les libertés d'autrui.",
    explanationEn: "The referential states that freedoms are framed notably by public order and the freedoms of others.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-04",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Déclarer ses revenus aux services fiscaux est :",
    en: "Declaring your income to the tax authorities is:",
    choicesFr: ["Obligatoire", "Facultatif", "Interdit", "Réservé aux retraités"],
    choicesEn: ["Mandatory", "Optional", "Forbidden", "Reserved for retirees"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le livret rappelle que déclarer ses revenus et payer ses impôts est obligatoire.",
    explanationEn: "The booklet states that declaring income and paying taxes is mandatory.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-05",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Est-il obligatoire de porter secours à une personne en danger ?",
    en: "Is it mandatory to assist a person in danger?",
    choicesFr: ["Oui", "Non", "Seulement si on est médecin", "Seulement en présence de la police"],
    choicesEn: ["Yes", "No", "Only if you are a doctor", "Only if the police are present"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Porter secours à une personne en danger fait partie des obligations légales à connaître.",
    explanationEn: "Helping a person in danger is one of the legal obligations to know.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-06",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "À quel âge est la majorité civile en France ?",
    en: "At what age is civil majority reached in France?",
    choicesFr: ["18 ans", "16 ans", "17 ans", "21 ans"],
    choicesEn: ["18", "16", "17", "21"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La majorité civile est fixée à 18 ans.",
    explanationEn: "Civil majority is set at age 18.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-07",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Être juré d'assises quand on est appelé est :",
    en: "Serving as a juror in a criminal court when called is:",
    choicesFr: ["Une participation civique prévue par la loi", "Un loisir facultatif", "Réservé aux élus", "Interdit aux citoyens"],
    choicesEn: ["A civic participation provided by law", "An optional hobby", "Reserved for elected officials", "Forbidden to citizens"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel cite la participation des citoyens français au fonctionnement des institutions publiques, notamment comme juré.",
    explanationEn: "The referential cites citizen participation in public institutions, notably as jurors.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-08",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "La vente d'alcool est interdite aux personnes de moins de :",
    en: "The sale of alcohol is prohibited to persons under:",
    choicesFr: ["18 ans", "16 ans", "21 ans", "15 ans"],
    choicesEn: ["18", "16", "21", "15"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La vente d'alcool aux mineurs de moins de 18 ans est interdite.",
    explanationEn: "Selling alcohol to minors under 18 is forbidden.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-09",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "En France, la conduite sans permis est :",
    en: "In France, driving without a license is:",
    choicesFr: ["Illégale", "Autorisée la nuit", "Possible le dimanche", "Tolérée pour les motos"],
    choicesEn: ["Illegal", "Allowed at night", "Possible on Sundays", "Tolerated for motorcycles"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La conduite sans permis constitue une infraction.",
    explanationEn: "Driving without a license is an offence.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-10",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Est-ce légal d'être marié à plusieurs personnes en même temps en France ?",
    en: "Is it legal to be married to several people at the same time in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Non", "Oui", "Oui, si les conjoints sont d'accord", "Oui, après 10 ans de résidence"],
    choicesEn: ["No", "Yes", "Yes, if the spouses agree", "Yes, after 10 years of residence"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La polygamie est interdite en France.",
    explanationEn: "Polygamy is prohibited in France.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-11",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Lequel de ces textes fait partie des textes fondamentaux protégeant les droits ?",
    en: "Which of these texts is one of the fundamental texts protecting rights?",
    choicesFr: ["La Constitution de la Ve République", "Le menu de la cantine", "Le règlement d'un club sportif", "Le livret de famille"],
    choicesEn: ["The Constitution of the Fifth Republic", "The school cafeteria menu", "A sports club rulebook", "The family booklet"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Constitution de 1958 fait partie des grands textes garants des droits fondamentaux.",
    explanationEn: "The 1958 Constitution is one of the major texts guaranteeing fundamental rights.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-12",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Que garantit la liberté de la presse ?",
    en: "What does freedom of the press guarantee?",
    choicesFr: ["La possibilité d'informer et d'exprimer des opinions dans le respect de la loi", "Le droit de publier des propos racistes", "L'absence totale de règles", "Le droit d'interdire toute critique"],
    choicesEn: ["The ability to inform and express opinions within the law", "The right to publish racist statements", "A total absence of rules", "The right to ban all criticism"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La liberté de la presse existe, mais elle ne permet pas les abus interdits par la loi.",
    explanationEn: "Freedom of the press exists, but it does not allow abuses prohibited by law.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-13",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Une personne condamnée peut-elle être privée de certains droits civils et politiques ?",
    en: "Can a convicted person be deprived of certain civil and political rights?",
    choicesFr: ["Oui, par décision du juge", "Non, jamais", "Seulement si elle déménage", "Seulement si elle change de religion"],
    choicesEn: ["Yes, by decision of a judge", "No, never", "Only if they move home", "Only if they change religion"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel et la question publique évoquent cette possibilité en cas de condamnation.",
    explanationEn: "The referential and public question list mention this possibility after a conviction.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-14",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Que sont les droits fondamentaux ?",
    en: "What are fundamental rights?",
    choicesFr: ["Des droits essentiels protégeant la dignité, les libertés et l'égalité", "Des privilèges réservés aux fonctionnaires", "Des droits valables uniquement à Paris", "Des obligations religieuses"],
    choicesEn: ["Essential rights protecting dignity, freedoms, and equality", "Privileges reserved for civil servants", "Rights valid only in Paris", "Religious obligations"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Ils protègent la dignité humaine, l'intégrité, les libertés et l'égalité des personnes.",
    explanationEn: "They protect human dignity, integrity, freedoms, and equality.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "dro-15",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "À quoi sert le droit de grève ?",
    en: "What is the right to strike for?",
    choicesFr: ["À défendre des intérêts professionnels dans le cadre de la loi", "À éviter toutes les obligations professionnelles à vie", "À voter à la place des députés", "À remplacer les tribunaux"],
    choicesEn: ["To defend professional interests within the law", "To avoid all professional obligations for life", "To vote instead of deputies", "To replace the courts"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le droit de grève est un droit collectif encadré par la loi, lié à la défense des intérêts professionnels.",
    explanationEn: "The right to strike is a collective right framed by law and linked to defending professional interests.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-01",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "En quelle année a débuté la Révolution française ?",
    en: "In which year did the French Revolution begin?",
    choicesFr: ["1789", "1792", "1804", "1848"],
    choicesEn: ["1789", "1792", "1804", "1848"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Révolution française débute en 1789.",
    explanationEn: "The French Revolution began in 1789.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-02",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "En quelle année la Ire République est-elle proclamée ?",
    en: "In which year was the First Republic proclaimed?",
    choicesFr: ["1792", "1789", "1804", "1875"],
    choicesEn: ["1792", "1789", "1804", "1875"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel rappelle la Ire République en 1792.",
    explanationEn: "The referential recalls the First Republic in 1792.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-03",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "En quelle année Napoléon Ier est-il devenu empereur ?",
    en: "In which year did Napoleon I become emperor?",
    choicesFr: ["1804", "1789", "1815", "1848"],
    choicesEn: ["1804", "1789", "1815", "1848"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Napoléon Ier devient empereur en 1804.",
    explanationEn: "Napoleon I became emperor in 1804.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-04",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Parmi ces textes, lequel a été adopté sous Napoléon Ier ?",
    en: "Which of these texts was adopted under Napoleon I?",
    choicesFr: ["Le Code civil", "La Constitution de 1958", "Le traité de Maastricht", "La Charte de l'environnement"],
    choicesEn: ["The Civil Code", "The 1958 Constitution", "The Maastricht Treaty", "The Environmental Charter"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Code civil est un grand repère du début du XIXe siècle sous Napoléon.",
    explanationEn: "The Civil Code is a major early nineteenth-century landmark under Napoleon.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-05",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Depuis quand l'esclavage est-il aboli en France ?",
    en: "Since when has slavery been abolished in France?",
    choicesFr: ["1848", "1789", "1905", "1945"],
    choicesEn: ["1848", "1789", "1905", "1945"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel situe l'abolition de l'esclavage dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle ; le repère attendu est 1848.",
    explanationEn: "The referential places abolition in the first half of the nineteenth century; the expected landmark is 1848.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-06",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "En 1944, qu'est-ce qui a changé pour les femmes en France ?",
    en: "In 1944, what changed for women in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Elles ont obtenu le droit de vote", "Elles ont perdu le droit au travail", "Elles ont cessé de payer des impôts", "Elles ont élu le Premier ministre directement"],
    choicesEn: ["They obtained the right to vote", "They lost the right to work", "They stopped paying taxes", "They directly elected the Prime Minister"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Les femmes obtiennent le droit de vote en 1944.",
    explanationEn: "Women obtained the right to vote in 1944.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-07",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quand a eu lieu la Première Guerre mondiale ?",
    en: "When did the First World War take place?",
    choicesFr: ["1914-1918", "1939-1945", "1870-1871", "1954-1962"],
    choicesEn: ["1914-1918", "1939-1945", "1870-1871", "1954-1962"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Première Guerre mondiale a eu lieu de 1914 à 1918.",
    explanationEn: "The First World War took place from 1914 to 1918.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-08",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quand a eu lieu la Seconde Guerre mondiale ?",
    en: "When did the Second World War take place?",
    choicesFr: ["1939-1945", "1914-1918", "1945-1951", "1958-1962"],
    choicesEn: ["1939-1945", "1914-1918", "1945-1951", "1958-1962"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Seconde Guerre mondiale a eu lieu de 1939 à 1945.",
    explanationEn: "The Second World War took place from 1939 to 1945.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-09",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "De quand date l'appel à la résistance du général de Gaulle ?",
    en: "From what date does General de Gaulle’s call to resistance date?",
    choicesFr: ["18 juin 1940", "8 mai 1945", "11 novembre 1918", "14 juillet 1789"],
    choicesEn: ["18 June 1940", "8 May 1945", "11 November 1918", "14 July 1789"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'appel du 18 juin 1940 est un repère majeur de la Résistance.",
    explanationEn: "The Appeal of 18 June 1940 is a major landmark of the Resistance.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-10",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Que célèbre-t-on le 8 mai ?",
    en: "What is celebrated on 8 May?",
    choicesFr: ["La victoire de 1945 en Europe", "Le début de la Révolution française", "La création de l'euro", "La fondation de l'ONU"],
    choicesEn: ["Victory in Europe in 1945", "The start of the French Revolution", "The creation of the euro", "The founding of the UN"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le 8 mai commémore la victoire de 1945 en Europe.",
    explanationEn: "8 May commemorates victory in Europe in 1945.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-11",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Que commémore le 11 novembre ?",
    en: "What does 11 November commemorate?",
    choicesFr: ["L'armistice de 1918", "La création de l'Union européenne", "L'abolition de l'esclavage", "La libération de Paris en 1944"],
    choicesEn: ["The 1918 armistice", "The creation of the European Union", "The abolition of slavery", "The liberation of Paris in 1944"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le 11 novembre rappelle l'armistice de la Première Guerre mondiale.",
    explanationEn: "11 November recalls the armistice of the First World War.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-12",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Sous quel président la peine de mort a-t-elle été abolie ?",
    en: "Under which president was the death penalty abolished?",
    choicesFr: ["François Mitterrand", "Charles de Gaulle", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing", "Georges Pompidou"],
    choicesEn: ["François Mitterrand", "Charles de Gaulle", "Valéry Giscard d'Estaing", "Georges Pompidou"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel cite l'abolition de la peine de mort en 1981 sous François Mitterrand.",
    explanationEn: "The referential cites the abolition of the death penalty in 1981 under François Mitterrand.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-13",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "En quelle année l'euro est-il devenu la monnaie officielle de la France ?",
    en: "In which year did the euro become France’s official currency?",
    choicesFr: ["2002", "1992", "1957", "2011"],
    choicesEn: ["2002", "1992", "1957", "2011"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel donne 2002 comme repère pour l'euro en France.",
    explanationEn: "The referential gives 2002 as the landmark date for the euro in France.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-14",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quelle est la plus haute montagne de France ?",
    en: "What is the highest mountain in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Le Mont-Blanc", "Le Puy de Dôme", "Le Canigou", "Le Ventoux"],
    choicesEn: ["Mont Blanc", "Puy de Dôme", "Canigou", "Ventoux"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Mont-Blanc est le sommet le plus élevé de France.",
    explanationEn: "Mont Blanc is the highest summit in France.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-15",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quel fleuve traverse Paris ?",
    en: "Which river crosses Paris?",
    choicesFr: ["La Seine", "La Loire", "Le Rhône", "La Garonne"],
    choicesEn: ["The Seine", "The Loire", "The Rhône", "The Garonne"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Paris est traversée par la Seine.",
    explanationEn: "Paris is crossed by the Seine.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-16",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quel département français a une frontière avec le Brésil ?",
    en: "Which French department borders Brazil?",
    choicesFr: ["La Guyane", "La Martinique", "La Réunion", "La Guadeloupe"],
    choicesEn: ["French Guiana", "Martinique", "Réunion", "Guadeloupe"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Guyane est un département et une région d'outre-mer qui a une frontière avec le Brésil.",
    explanationEn: "French Guiana is an overseas department and region bordering Brazil.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-17",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quel monument historique se trouve sur un îlot en Normandie ?",
    en: "Which historical monument stands on a rocky islet in Normandy?",
    choicesFr: ["Le Mont-Saint-Michel", "Le Louvre", "Le Panthéon", "Le Pont du Gard"],
    choicesEn: ["Mont-Saint-Michel", "The Louvre", "The Panthéon", "The Pont du Gard"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le Mont-Saint-Michel est situé en Normandie sur un îlot rocheux.",
    explanationEn: "Mont-Saint-Michel is located in Normandy on a rocky islet.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "hist-18",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Dans quel musée parisien est exposée la Joconde ?",
    en: "In which Paris museum is the Mona Lisa displayed?",
    choicesFr: ["Au Louvre", "Au musée d'Orsay", "Au Centre Pompidou", "Au Quai Branly"],
    choicesEn: ["The Louvre", "The Musée d’Orsay", "The Pompidou Center", "The Quai Branly Museum"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La Joconde est exposée au Louvre.",
    explanationEn: "The Mona Lisa is displayed in the Louvre.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-01",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Où faut-il déclarer la naissance d'un enfant ?",
    en: "Where must the birth of a child be declared?",
    choicesFr: ["À l'état civil de la mairie", "À la préfecture", "Au Sénat", "À la Banque de France"],
    choicesEn: ["At the town hall civil registry office", "At the prefecture", "At the Senate", "At the Bank of France"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Les communes tiennent l'état civil et enregistrent les naissances, les mariages et les décès.",
    explanationEn: "Communes keep the civil registry and record births, marriages, and deaths.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-02",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Quel numéro d'urgence permet d'appeler la police ?",
    en: "Which emergency number calls the police?",
    choicesFr: ["17", "15", "18", "1120"],
    choicesEn: ["17", "15", "18", "1120"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le 17 permet d'appeler la police.",
    explanationEn: "17 is the police emergency number.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-03",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Quel numéro d'urgence permet d'appeler le SAMU ?",
    en: "Which emergency number calls the SAMU medical service?",
    choicesFr: ["15", "17", "18", "191"],
    choicesEn: ["15", "17", "18", "191"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le 15 permet de joindre le SAMU.",
    explanationEn: "15 reaches the SAMU medical emergency service.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-04",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "À quoi sert la carte Vitale ?",
    en: "What is the Vitale card used for?",
    choicesFr: ["À faciliter la prise en charge et le remboursement des soins", "À voter aux élections", "À conduire une voiture", "À payer les impôts"],
    choicesEn: ["To facilitate healthcare coverage and reimbursement", "To vote in elections", "To drive a car", "To pay taxes"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La carte Vitale est liée au système d'Assurance maladie et aux remboursements de santé.",
    explanationEn: "The Vitale card is linked to the Health Insurance system and healthcare reimbursement.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-05",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "À quoi sert une mutuelle santé ?",
    en: "What is supplementary health insurance used for?",
    choicesFr: ["À compléter la prise en charge de l'Assurance maladie", "À obtenir automatiquement la nationalité", "À remplacer le médecin traitant", "À voter au Parlement européen"],
    choicesEn: ["To supplement Health Insurance coverage", "To automatically obtain nationality", "To replace your main doctor", "To vote for the European Parliament"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La mutuelle complète le remboursement de base de l'Assurance maladie.",
    explanationEn: "Supplementary insurance tops up the basic reimbursement from Health Insurance.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-06",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Travailler sans être déclaré est :",
    en: "Working without being officially declared is:",
    choicesFr: ["Illégal", "Toujours autorisé", "Réservé aux indépendants", "Possible seulement l'été"],
    choicesEn: ["Illegal", "Always allowed", "Reserved for self-employed workers", "Possible only in summer"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le travail non déclaré est illégal en France.",
    explanationEn: "Undeclared work is illegal in France.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-07",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Qu'est-ce que le SMIC ?",
    en: "What is the SMIC?",
    choicesFr: ["Le salaire minimum légal", "Un permis de séjour", "Un hôpital public", "Une taxe locale"],
    choicesEn: ["The legal minimum wage", "A residence permit", "A public hospital", "A local tax"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le SMIC est le salaire minimum interprofessionnel de croissance, donc le salaire minimum légal.",
    explanationEn: "The SMIC is the national legal minimum wage.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-08",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Quelle est la durée légale du temps de travail par semaine ?",
    en: "What is the legal working time per week?",
    choicesFr: ["35 heures", "30 heures", "39 heures obligatoires", "45 heures"],
    choicesEn: ["35 hours", "30 hours", "A mandatory 39 hours", "45 hours"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le référentiel mentionne la durée légale du travail parmi les notions à connaître.",
    explanationEn: "The referential lists legal working time among the notions to know.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-09",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Qui a le droit de se syndiquer ?",
    en: "Who has the right to join a trade union?",
    choicesFr: ["Les travailleurs", "Seulement les maires", "Seulement les députés", "Personne"],
    choicesEn: ["Workers", "Only mayors", "Only deputies", "Nobody"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le droit syndical fait partie des libertés et des règles du travail à connaître.",
    explanationEn: "Trade-union rights are part of the freedoms and labor rules to know.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-10",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "L'instruction des enfants est obligatoire de :",
    en: "Children’s compulsory education runs from:",
    choicesFr: ["3 à 16 ans", "6 à 18 ans", "2 à 14 ans", "5 à 17 ans"],
    choicesEn: ["Age 3 to 16", "Age 6 to 18", "Age 2 to 14", "Age 5 to 17"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'instruction est obligatoire de 3 à 16 ans.",
    explanationEn: "Compulsory education runs from age 3 to 16.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-11",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Comment s'appellent les établissements que les élèves intègrent après l'école élémentaire ?",
    en: "What are the schools called that pupils attend after elementary school?",
    choicesFr: ["Les collèges", "Les universités", "Les mairies", "Les préfectures"],
    choicesEn: ["Middle schools", "Universities", "Town halls", "Prefectures"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Après l'école élémentaire, les élèves vont au collège.",
    explanationEn: "After elementary school, pupils go to middle school.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-12",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Est-il possible de punir physiquement ses enfants ?",
    en: "Is it allowed to physically punish your children?",
    choicesFr: ["Non", "Oui", "Oui, si l'enfant est absent de l'école", "Oui, avec autorisation du maire"],
    choicesEn: ["No", "Yes", "Yes, if the child misses school", "Yes, with the mayor’s permission"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Les enfants ont droit au respect de leur intégrité physique et morale.",
    explanationEn: "Children have the right to respect for their physical and moral integrity.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-13",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "En cas de divorce, qui exerce en principe l'autorité parentale ?",
    en: "In case of divorce, who normally exercises parental authority?",
    choicesFr: ["Les deux parents", "Seulement le père", "Seulement la mère", "Toujours le préfet"],
    choicesEn: ["Both parents", "Only the father", "Only the mother", "Always the prefect"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "En principe, l'autorité parentale continue d'être exercée par les deux parents.",
    explanationEn: "In principle, parental authority continues to be exercised by both parents.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "soc-14",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Une femme peut-elle créer son entreprise en France ?",
    en: "May a woman create her own business in France?",
    choicesFr: ["Oui", "Non", "Seulement après 40 ans", "Seulement si elle est mariée"],
    choicesEn: ["Yes", "No", "Only after age 40", "Only if she is married"],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'égalité femmes-hommes s'applique aussi au travail et à l'entrepreneuriat.",
    explanationEn: "Equality between women and men also applies to work and entrepreneurship.",
    source: "question-bank"
  }
];

const supplementalCards = [
  {
    id: "sup-rep-01",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Que protège la liberté de conscience ?",
    en: "What does freedom of conscience protect?",
    answerFr: "Le droit de croire, de ne pas croire ou de changer de religion",
    answerEn: "The right to believe, not believe, or change religion",
    distractorsFr: [
      "L'obligation d'appartenir à une religion reconnue",
      "Le droit de refuser toutes les lois",
      "Le pouvoir de choisir les matières obligatoires à l'école"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "The obligation to belong to a recognized religion",
      "The right to refuse all laws",
      "The power to choose compulsory school subjects"
    ],
    explanationFr: "La liberté de conscience permet de croire, de ne pas croire et de changer de religion.",
    explanationEn: "Freedom of conscience allows a person to believe, not believe, and change religion."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-02",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "En France, l'État reconnaît-il une religion officielle ?",
    en: "In France, does the State recognize an official religion?",
    answerFr: "Non, l'État est neutre",
    answerEn: "No, the State is neutral",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Oui, la religion catholique",
      "Oui, la religion majoritaire du moment",
      "Oui, mais seulement en métropole"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Yes, the Catholic religion",
      "Yes, the majority religion of the moment",
      "Yes, but only in mainland France"
    ],
    explanationFr: "La laïcité implique la neutralité de l'État et l'absence de religion officielle.",
    explanationEn: "Secularism implies State neutrality and the absence of an official religion."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-03",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Par quels moyens le peuple exerce-t-il la souveraineté nationale ?",
    en: "By what means do the people exercise national sovereignty?",
    answerFr: "Par ses représentants et par le référendum",
    answerEn: "Through representatives and by referendum",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Par les préfets uniquement",
      "Par les maires uniquement",
      "Par les tribunaux uniquement"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Through prefects only",
      "Through mayors only",
      "Through courts only"
    ],
    explanationFr: "La Constitution indique que le peuple exerce la souveraineté par ses représentants et par le référendum.",
    explanationEn: "The Constitution states that the people exercise sovereignty through representatives and by referendum."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-04",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Dans un service public, les règles communes doivent-elles être les mêmes pour tous les usagers ?",
    en: "In a public service, must common rules be the same for all users?",
    answerFr: "Oui",
    answerEn: "Yes",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Non, chacun applique ses propres règles",
      "Non, seulement pour les citoyens français",
      "Non, seulement dans les hôpitaux"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "No, each person applies their own rules",
      "No, only for French citizens",
      "No, only in hospitals"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Dans les services publics, les usagers sont égaux et les règles communes s'appliquent à tous.",
    explanationEn: "In public services, users are equal and common rules apply to everyone."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-05",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Pour motif religieux, peut-on refuser un enseignement obligatoire à l'école publique ?",
    en: "For religious reasons, may compulsory teaching be refused in public school?",
    answerFr: "Non",
    answerEn: "No",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Oui, toujours",
      "Oui, si les parents signent une lettre",
      "Oui, mais seulement en histoire"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Yes, always",
      "Yes, if the parents sign a letter",
      "Yes, but only in history"
    ],
    explanationFr: "À l'école publique, on ne peut pas écarter des enseignements obligatoires pour motif religieux.",
    explanationEn: "In public school, compulsory subjects cannot be refused for religious reasons."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-06",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quel principe républicain garantit que les citoyens ont les mêmes droits devant la loi ?",
    en: "Which republican principle guarantees that citizens have the same rights before the law?",
    answerFr: "L'égalité",
    answerEn: "Equality",
    distractorsFr: ["La monarchie", "Le corporatisme", "Le privilège"],
    distractorsEn: ["Monarchy", "Corporatism", "Privilege"],
    explanationFr: "L'égalité signifie l'égalité des droits et des devoirs ainsi que l'égalité devant la loi.",
    explanationEn: "Equality means equal rights and duties as well as equality before the law."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-rep-07",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Quel est l'hymne national de la France ?",
    en: "What is the national anthem of France?",
    answerFr: "La Marseillaise",
    answerEn: "La Marseillaise",
    distractorsFr: ["L'Ode à la joie", "Le Chant des partisans", "La Carmagnole"],
    distractorsEn: ["Ode to Joy", "The Song of the Partisans", "La Carmagnole"],
    explanationFr: "La Marseillaise est l'hymne national de la France.",
    explanationEn: "La Marseillaise is the national anthem of France."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-01",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle institution contrôle l'action du Gouvernement ?",
    en: "Which institution oversees the Government’s action?",
    answerFr: "Le Parlement",
    answerEn: "Parliament",
    distractorsFr: ["Le Mont-Blanc", "La mairie", "Le SAMU"],
    distractorsEn: ["Mont Blanc", "The town hall", "The SAMU"],
    explanationFr: "Le Parlement vote les lois et contrôle l'action du Gouvernement.",
    explanationEn: "Parliament votes laws and oversees the Government’s action."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-02",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Comment le Président de la République est-il élu ?",
    en: "How is the President of the Republic elected?",
    answerFr: "Au suffrage universel direct",
    answerEn: "By direct universal suffrage",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Par les préfets",
      "Par tirage au sort",
      "Par les seuls sénateurs"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "By prefects",
      "By lottery",
      "By senators only"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Le Président est élu directement par les citoyens au suffrage universel direct.",
    explanationEn: "The President is directly elected by citizens through universal suffrage."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-03",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Qui dirige l'action du Gouvernement ?",
    en: "Who directs the Government’s action?",
    answerFr: "Le Premier ministre",
    answerEn: "The Prime Minister",
    distractorsFr: ["Le maire", "Le président du Sénat", "Le préfet"],
    distractorsEn: ["The mayor", "The president of the Senate", "The prefect"],
    explanationFr: "Le Premier ministre dirige l'action du Gouvernement.",
    explanationEn: "The Prime Minister directs the Government’s action."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-04",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quelle collectivité gère notamment la formation professionnelle ?",
    en: "Which local authority notably manages vocational training?",
    answerFr: "La région",
    answerEn: "The region",
    distractorsFr: ["La commune", "Le département", "Le bureau de vote"],
    distractorsEn: ["The commune", "The department", "The polling station"],
    explanationFr: "La région gère notamment les lycées, la formation professionnelle et les transports régionaux.",
    explanationEn: "The region notably manages high schools, vocational training, and regional transport."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-05",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Un citoyen français est-il aussi citoyen de l'Union européenne ?",
    en: "Is a French citizen also a citizen of the European Union?",
    answerFr: "Oui",
    answerEn: "Yes",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Non",
      "Seulement s'il vit à Bruxelles",
      "Seulement après 10 ans de vote"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "No",
      "Only if they live in Brussels",
      "Only after 10 years of voting"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Les citoyens français sont aussi citoyens européens.",
    explanationEn: "French citizens are also European citizens."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-06",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quel traité a créé l'Union européenne en 1992 ?",
    en: "Which treaty created the European Union in 1992?",
    answerFr: "Le traité de Maastricht",
    answerEn: "The Maastricht Treaty",
    distractorsFr: ["Le traité de Versailles", "Le Code civil", "La Constitution de 1958"],
    distractorsEn: ["The Treaty of Versailles", "The Civil Code", "The 1958 Constitution"],
    explanationFr: "L'Union européenne est créée en 1992 par le traité de Maastricht.",
    explanationEn: "The European Union was created in 1992 by the Maastricht Treaty."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-inst-07",
    theme: "institutions",
    fr: "Quel niveau de collectivité s'occupe de l'état civil ?",
    en: "Which level of local authority deals with the civil registry?",
    answerFr: "La commune",
    answerEn: "The commune",
    distractorsFr: ["La région", "Le département", "L'Union européenne"],
    distractorsEn: ["The region", "The department", "The European Union"],
    explanationFr: "La commune gère notamment l'état civil.",
    explanationEn: "The commune notably manages the civil registry."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-01",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Que signifie l'expression « nul n'est censé ignorer la loi » ?",
    en: "What does the expression “nobody is supposed to ignore the law” mean?",
    answerFr: "On doit respecter la loi même si on dit ne pas la connaître",
    answerEn: "You must obey the law even if you claim not to know it",
    distractorsFr: [
      "On peut choisir les lois qu'on préfère",
      "La loi ne concerne que les fonctionnaires",
      "La loi change selon la religion"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "You may choose whichever laws you prefer",
      "The law concerns only civil servants",
      "The law changes according to religion"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Ignorer la loi ne permet pas de s'en dispenser.",
    explanationEn: "Ignoring the law does not excuse a person from complying with it."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-02",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Les cotisations sociales servent notamment à financer :",
    en: "Social contributions are notably used to finance:",
    answerFr: "La protection sociale",
    answerEn: "Social protection",
    distractorsFr: ["Les élections municipales", "Les drapeaux officiels", "Les musées privés"],
    distractorsEn: ["Municipal elections", "Official flags", "Private museums"],
    explanationFr: "Les cotisations sociales participent au financement de la protection sociale.",
    explanationEn: "Social contributions help finance social protection."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-03",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "La liberté de la presse autorise-t-elle les propos racistes ou diffamatoires ?",
    en: "Does freedom of the press allow racist or defamatory statements?",
    answerFr: "Non",
    answerEn: "No",
    distractorsFr: ["Oui", "Oui, pendant les campagnes électorales", "Oui, sur internet seulement"],
    distractorsEn: ["Yes", "Yes, during election campaigns", "Yes, on the internet only"],
    explanationFr: "La liberté de la presse existe, mais elle a des limites légales.",
    explanationEn: "Freedom of the press exists, but it has legal limits."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-04",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Qui peut priver une personne condamnée de certains droits civils et politiques ?",
    en: "Who may deprive a convicted person of certain civil and political rights?",
    answerFr: "Un juge",
    answerEn: "A judge",
    distractorsFr: ["Le voisin", "Le directeur d'école", "Le médecin traitant"],
    distractorsEn: ["A neighbor", "A school principal", "A family doctor"],
    explanationFr: "Cette privation peut être décidée par le juge en cas de condamnation.",
    explanationEn: "This deprivation may be ordered by a judge after a conviction."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-05",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "À quoi sert le droit de grève ?",
    en: "What is the right to strike used for?",
    answerFr: "À défendre des intérêts professionnels dans le cadre de la loi",
    answerEn: "To defend professional interests within the law",
    distractorsFr: [
      "À supprimer les élections",
      "À remplacer les tribunaux",
      "À éviter définitivement le travail"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "To cancel elections",
      "To replace the courts",
      "To avoid work forever"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Le droit de grève est un droit collectif encadré par la loi.",
    explanationEn: "The right to strike is a collective right framed by law."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-06",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Les droits fondamentaux protègent notamment :",
    en: "Fundamental rights notably protect:",
    answerFr: "La dignité humaine, les libertés et l'égalité",
    answerEn: "Human dignity, freedoms, and equality",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Seulement les biens de luxe",
      "Uniquement les élus nationaux",
      "Seulement les habitants de Paris"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Only luxury goods",
      "Only national elected officials",
      "Only residents of Paris"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Les droits fondamentaux protègent la dignité, l'intégrité, les libertés et l'égalité.",
    explanationEn: "Fundamental rights protect dignity, integrity, freedoms, and equality."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-dro-07",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "L'égalité femmes-hommes relève-t-elle des droits et devoirs fondamentaux ?",
    en: "Does equality between women and men fall under fundamental rights and duties?",
    answerFr: "Oui",
    answerEn: "Yes",
    distractorsFr: ["Non", "Seulement dans le secteur public", "Seulement après la retraite"],
    distractorsEn: ["No", "Only in the public sector", "Only after retirement"],
    explanationFr: "L'égalité femmes-hommes fait partie des principes fondamentaux à connaître.",
    explanationEn: "Equality between women and men is one of the fundamental principles to know."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-01",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "À partir de quelle année la République s'installe-t-elle durablement ?",
    en: "From which year did the Republic become durably established?",
    answerFr: "1875",
    answerEn: "1875",
    distractorsFr: ["1789", "1804", "2002"],
    distractorsEn: ["1789", "1804", "2002"],
    explanationFr: "Le livret retient 1875 comme repère de l'installation durable de la République.",
    explanationEn: "The booklet uses 1875 as the landmark for the durable establishment of the Republic."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-02",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Dans les années 1880, l'école publique devient :",
    en: "In the 1880s, public school became:",
    answerFr: "Laïque, gratuite et obligatoire",
    answerEn: "Secular, free, and compulsory",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Privée, payante et facultative",
      "Militaire, obligatoire et payante",
      "Religieuse, gratuite et réservée aux adultes"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Private, fee-paying, and optional",
      "Military, compulsory, and fee-paying",
      "Religious, free, and reserved for adults"
    ],
    explanationFr: "L'un des grands repères républicains est l'école publique laïque, gratuite et obligatoire dans les années 1880.",
    explanationEn: "A major republican landmark is the secular, free, and compulsory public school of the 1880s."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-03",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "À quoi renvoie l'appel du 18 juin 1940 ?",
    en: "What does the Appeal of 18 June 1940 refer to?",
    answerFr: "À un repère majeur de la Résistance",
    answerEn: "A major landmark of the Resistance",
    distractorsFr: [
      "À la création de l'euro",
      "À l'abolition de l'esclavage",
      "À la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "The creation of the euro",
      "The abolition of slavery",
      "The end of the First World War"
    ],
    explanationFr: "L'appel du 18 juin 1940 est un repère majeur de la Résistance.",
    explanationEn: "The Appeal of 18 June 1940 is a major landmark of the Resistance."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-04",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quelle organisation internationale est créée en 1945 ?",
    en: "Which international organization was created in 1945?",
    answerFr: "L'ONU",
    answerEn: "The UN",
    distractorsFr: ["Le Sénat", "Le Louvre", "Le bac"],
    distractorsEn: ["The Senate", "The Louvre", "The baccalaureate"],
    explanationFr: "L'Organisation des Nations unies est créée en 1945.",
    explanationEn: "The United Nations was created in 1945."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-05",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Dans quel musée est exposée la Joconde ?",
    en: "In which museum is the Mona Lisa displayed?",
    answerFr: "Le Louvre",
    answerEn: "The Louvre",
    distractorsFr: ["Le musée Grévin", "Le Panthéon", "Le Sénat"],
    distractorsEn: ["The Grévin Museum", "The Panthéon", "The Senate"],
    explanationFr: "La Joconde est exposée au Louvre, un repère culturel majeur.",
    explanationEn: "The Mona Lisa is displayed in the Louvre, a major cultural landmark."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-06",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Dans quelle région historique se trouve le Mont-Saint-Michel ?",
    en: "In which historic region is Mont-Saint-Michel located?",
    answerFr: "En Normandie",
    answerEn: "In Normandy",
    distractorsFr: ["En Provence", "En Alsace", "En Corse"],
    distractorsEn: ["In Provence", "In Alsace", "In Corsica"],
    explanationFr: "Le Mont-Saint-Michel est situé en Normandie.",
    explanationEn: "Mont-Saint-Michel is located in Normandy."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-hist-07",
    theme: "histoire",
    fr: "Quel grand écrivain français est l'auteur de « Les Misérables » ?",
    en: "Which great French writer is the author of “Les Misérables”?",
    answerFr: "Victor Hugo",
    answerEn: "Victor Hugo",
    distractorsFr: ["Molière", "Claude Monet", "Rodin"],
    distractorsEn: ["Molière", "Claude Monet", "Rodin"],
    explanationFr: "Victor Hugo est l'auteur des Misérables et un repère culturel majeur.",
    explanationEn: "Victor Hugo wrote Les Misérables and is a major cultural landmark."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-01",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Quel numéro est le numéro d'urgence européen ?",
    en: "Which number is the European emergency number?",
    answerFr: "112",
    answerEn: "112",
    distractorsFr: ["113", "119", "3918"],
    distractorsEn: ["113", "119", "3918"],
    explanationFr: "Le 112 est le numéro d'urgence européen.",
    explanationEn: "112 is the European emergency number."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-02",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Qui doit respecter le règlement intérieur de l'école et accompagner la scolarité ?",
    en: "Who must respect the school rules and support schooling?",
    answerFr: "Les parents",
    answerEn: "Parents",
    distractorsFr: ["Les pompiers", "Les voisins", "Les sénateurs"],
    distractorsEn: ["Firefighters", "Neighbors", "Senators"],
    explanationFr: "Les parents doivent respecter le règlement intérieur et accompagner la scolarité de leurs enfants.",
    explanationEn: "Parents must respect school rules and support their children’s schooling."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-03",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Où se font les démarches d'état civil comme une naissance ou un décès ?",
    en: "Where are civil registry procedures such as a birth or death handled?",
    answerFr: "À la mairie",
    answerEn: "At the town hall",
    distractorsFr: ["À la banque", "Au stade", "À la gare"],
    distractorsEn: ["At the bank", "At the stadium", "At the train station"],
    explanationFr: "L'état civil est tenu par la commune, donc par la mairie.",
    explanationEn: "The civil registry is kept by the commune, therefore by the town hall."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-04",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Les femmes et les hommes ont-ils les mêmes droits dans le travail et la création d'entreprise ?",
    en: "Do women and men have the same rights in work and business creation?",
    answerFr: "Oui",
    answerEn: "Yes",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Non",
      "Seulement dans les grandes villes",
      "Seulement pour les fonctionnaires"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "No",
      "Only in large cities",
      "Only for civil servants"
    ],
    explanationFr: "L'égalité femmes-hommes s'applique au travail et à l'entrepreneuriat.",
    explanationEn: "Equality between women and men applies to work and entrepreneurship."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-05",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Peut-on punir physiquement ses enfants ?",
    en: "May children be physically punished?",
    answerFr: "Non",
    answerEn: "No",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Oui",
      "Oui, quand ils ont plus de 10 ans",
      "Oui, si l'école est d'accord"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Yes",
      "Yes, when they are over 10",
      "Yes, if the school agrees"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Les enfants ont droit au respect de leur intégrité physique et morale.",
    explanationEn: "Children have the right to respect for their physical and moral integrity."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-06",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Sur quoi repose le travail en France ?",
    en: "What is work in France based on?",
    answerFr: "Sur un contrat, des règles et des droits",
    answerEn: "On a contract, rules, and rights",
    distractorsFr: [
      "Uniquement sur des accords oraux secrets",
      "Sur la religion de l'employeur",
      "Sur le vote des voisins"
    ],
    distractorsEn: [
      "Only on secret verbal agreements",
      "On the employer’s religion",
      "On the neighbors’ vote"
    ],
    explanationFr: "Le travail en France repose sur un contrat et sur des règles de protection et de droits.",
    explanationEn: "Work in France is based on a contract and on protective rules and rights."
  },
  {
    id: "sup-soc-07",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Quel document facilite la prise en charge et le remboursement des soins ?",
    en: "Which document facilitates healthcare coverage and reimbursement?",
    answerFr: "La carte Vitale",
    answerEn: "The Vitale card",
    distractorsFr: ["Le livret de famille", "La carte d'électeur", "Le permis de conduire"],
    distractorsEn: ["The family booklet", "The voter card", "The driving license"],
    explanationFr: "La carte Vitale est liée à l'Assurance maladie et aux remboursements de santé.",
    explanationEn: "The Vitale card is linked to Health Insurance and healthcare reimbursement."
  }
];

function cardToQuestion(card) {
  return {
    id: card.id,
    theme: card.theme,
    fr: card.fr,
    en: card.en,
    choicesFr: [card.answerFr, ...card.distractorsFr],
    choicesEn: [card.answerEn, ...card.distractorsEn],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: card.explanationFr,
    explanationEn: card.explanationEn,
    source: "livret"
  };
}

const scenarioPracticeQuestions = [
  {
    id: "scn-01",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "À la mairie, une personne veut être dispensée d'une règle commune pour motif religieux. Quelle réponse correspond aux principes républicains ?",
    en: "At the town hall, a person wants exemption from a common rule for religious reasons. Which response matches republican principles?",
    choicesFr: [
      "Le service public reste neutre et applique la même règle à tous",
      "Chaque usager choisit la règle qui lui convient",
      "La règle change selon la religion déclarée",
      "La règle ne s'applique qu'aux étrangers"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "The public service remains neutral and applies the same rule to everyone",
      "Each user chooses the rule that suits them",
      "The rule changes according to declared religion",
      "The rule applies only to foreigners"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La neutralité du service public et l'égalité des usagers impliquent l'application des règles communes à tous.",
    explanationEn: "Public-service neutrality and equality of users mean common rules apply to everyone.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-02",
    theme: "republique",
    fr: "Des parents veulent retirer leur enfant d'un cours obligatoire pour motif religieux. Quelle est la réponse correcte ?",
    en: "Parents want to remove their child from a compulsory lesson for religious reasons. What is the correct answer?",
    choicesFr: [
      "Le cours obligatoire doit être suivi",
      "Les parents peuvent choisir librement toutes les matières",
      "Le maire décide matière par matière",
      "Seules les sciences peuvent être refusées"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "The compulsory lesson must be attended",
      "Parents may freely choose all subjects",
      "The mayor decides subject by subject",
      "Only science may be refused"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "À l'école publique, les enseignements obligatoires ne se choisissent pas selon les croyances.",
    explanationEn: "In public school, compulsory teaching is not selected according to beliefs.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-03",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Un employeur refuse un candidat en raison de son origine. Comment qualifier cette situation ?",
    en: "An employer rejects a candidate because of their origin. How should this situation be described?",
    choicesFr: [
      "Comme une discrimination interdite",
      "Comme un choix libre de recrutement sans limite",
      "Comme une simple opinion privée sans conséquence",
      "Comme une règle normale du droit du travail"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "As prohibited discrimination",
      "As a fully unrestricted hiring choice",
      "As a simple private opinion without consequence",
      "As a normal rule of labor law"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le refus d'embauche fondé sur l'origine ou la religion est discriminatoire et interdit.",
    explanationEn: "Refusing to hire based on origin or religion is discriminatory and prohibited.",
    source: "livret"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-04",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Vous voyez une personne en danger dans la rue. Quel comportement correspond au devoir civique attendu ?",
    en: "You see a person in danger in the street. Which behavior matches the expected civic duty?",
    choicesFr: [
      "Porter secours ou alerter les secours",
      "Partir sans rien faire",
      "Filmer la scène et publier la vidéo",
      "Attendre plusieurs heures"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "Help or alert emergency services",
      "Leave without doing anything",
      "Film the scene and post the video",
      "Wait several hours"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Porter secours à une personne en danger est une obligation.",
    explanationEn: "Assisting a person in danger is a legal obligation.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-05",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "On vous propose un emploi payé en espèces sans déclaration. Quelle est la bonne réponse ?",
    en: "You are offered a cash job without official declaration. What is the right response?",
    choicesFr: [
      "Refuser, car le travail non déclaré est illégal",
      "Accepter, car c'est plus simple",
      "Accepter seulement le week-end",
      "Accepter si le voisin est d'accord"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "Refuse, because undeclared work is illegal",
      "Accept, because it is simpler",
      "Accept only on weekends",
      "Accept if the neighbor agrees"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Le travail non déclaré est illégal et prive de protections sociales.",
    explanationEn: "Undeclared work is illegal and removes social protections.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-06",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "Après un divorce, un parent pense qu'il n'a plus aucun rôle éducatif. Quelle affirmation est correcte ?",
    en: "After a divorce, one parent thinks they no longer have any educational role. Which statement is correct?",
    choicesFr: [
      "En principe, l'autorité parentale continue d'être exercée par les deux parents",
      "L'autorité parentale disparaît automatiquement",
      "Elle revient toujours au préfet",
      "Elle revient toujours au parent qui gagne le plus"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "In principle, parental authority continues to be exercised by both parents",
      "Parental authority automatically disappears",
      "It always goes to the prefect",
      "It always goes to the higher-earning parent"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "Après un divorce, l'autorité parentale reste en principe exercée par les deux parents.",
    explanationEn: "After a divorce, parental authority normally remains exercised by both parents.",
    source: "question-bank"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-07",
    theme: "droits",
    fr: "Quelqu'un diffuse des propos racistes et invoque la liberté d'expression. Quelle est la bonne analyse ?",
    en: "Someone spreads racist statements and invokes freedom of expression. What is the correct analysis?",
    choicesFr: [
      "La liberté d'expression a des limites légales et ne couvre pas ces propos",
      "Tout propos est autorisé sans limite",
      "Seuls les propos écrits sont interdits",
      "Cela devient légal si c'est humoristique"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "Freedom of expression has legal limits and does not cover such statements",
      "All speech is allowed without limit",
      "Only written statements are prohibited",
      "It becomes legal if it is humorous"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "La liberté d'expression n'autorise pas les propos racistes ou d'autres abus interdits par la loi.",
    explanationEn: "Freedom of expression does not authorize racist speech or other abuses prohibited by law.",
    source: "referential"
  },
  {
    id: "scn-08",
    theme: "societe",
    fr: "On affirme qu'une femme ne peut pas créer librement son entreprise. Quelle réponse est correcte ?",
    en: "Someone claims that a woman cannot freely create her own business. Which response is correct?",
    choicesFr: [
      "C'est faux, femmes et hommes ont les mêmes droits",
      "C'est vrai sauf dans les grandes villes",
      "C'est vrai avant 40 ans",
      "Cela dépend de la commune"
    ],
    choicesEn: [
      "That is false; women and men have the same rights",
      "That is true except in large cities",
      "That is true before age 40",
      "It depends on the commune"
    ],
    correct: 0,
    explanationFr: "L'égalité femmes-hommes s'applique au travail et à l'entrepreneuriat.",
    explanationEn: "Equality between women and men applies to work and entrepreneurship.",
    source: "question-bank"
  }
];

questionBank.push(...supplementalCards.map(cardToQuestion), ...scenarioPracticeQuestions);

const flashcards = [
  ...questionBank.map((question) => ({
    id: question.id,
    theme: question.theme,
    frontFr: question.fr,
    frontEn: question.en,
    backFr: question.choicesFr[question.correct],
    backEn: question.choicesEn[question.correct]
  })),
  ...timelineItems.map((item, index) => ({
    id: `timeline-${index + 1}`,
    theme: "histoire",
    frontFr: `Quelle est l'importance de ${item.date} ?`,
    frontEn: `Why is ${item.date} important?`,
    backFr: `${item.frTitle} - ${item.frText}`,
    backEn: `${item.enTitle} - ${item.enText}`
  }))
];

const examConfigs = {
  full: {
    counts: { republique: 11, institutions: 6, droits: 11, histoire: 8, societe: 4 },
    durationSeconds: 45 * 60,
    passPercent: 0.8
  },
  quick: {
    counts: { republique: 4, institutions: 3, droits: 5, histoire: 5, societe: 3 },
    durationSeconds: 20 * 60,
    passPercent: 0.8
  }
};

const STORAGE_KEY = "civic-prep-progress-v2";

const elements = {
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  timelineList: document.getElementById("timeline-list"),
  sourceList: document.getElementById("source-list"),
  cramGrid: document.getElementById("cram-grid"),
  scenarioList: document.getElementById("scenario-list"),
  memoryTheme: document.getElementById("memory-theme"),
  startMemory: document.getElementById("start-memory"),
  nextCard: document.getElementById("next-card"),
  revealCard: document.getElementById("reveal-card"),
  markHard: document.getElementById("mark-hard"),
  memoryCard: document.getElementById("memory-card"),
  examMode: document.getElementById("exam-mode"),
  themeControl: document.getElementById("theme-control"),
  themeSelect: document.getElementById("theme-select"),
  frenchOnlyToggle: document.getElementById("french-only-toggle"),
  trainingStats: document.getElementById("training-stats"),
  startExam: document.getElementById("start-exam"),
  resetExam: document.getElementById("reset-exam"),
  examForm: document.getElementById("exam-form"),
  examActions: document.getElementById("exam-actions"),
  submitExam: document.getElementById("submit-exam"),
  newExam: document.getElementById("new-exam"),
  results: document.getElementById("results"),
  statusHint: document.getElementById("status-hint"),
  contextTooltip: document.getElementById("context-tooltip"),
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  questionCount: document.getElementById("question-count"),
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};

let currentExam = [];
let currentTimer = null;
let remainingSeconds = 0;
let currentExamMode = "full";
let currentMemoryDeck = [];
let currentMemoryCard = null;
let currentMemoryIndex = -1;
let memoryRevealed = false;
let progress = loadProgress();
let activeTooltipTarget = null;

function loadProgress() {
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    const parsed = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY) || "{}");
    return {
      attempts: parsed.attempts || {},
      correct: parsed.correct || {},
      hardCards: parsed.hardCards || [],
      frenchOnly: Boolean(parsed.frenchOnly)
    };
  } catch {
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function escapeHtml(value) {
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    .replaceAll("<", "&lt;")
    .replaceAll(">", "&gt;")
    .replaceAll('"', "&quot;")
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}

function normalizeText(value) {
  return String(value)
    .toLowerCase()
    .normalize("NFD")
    .replace(/[\u0300-\u036f]/g, "");
}

const themeTooltipBases = {
  republique: {
    fr: "Cette idée relève du bloc « République ». Pour l'examen, retiens à la fois la formule exacte et son effet concret dans la vie publique, l'école ou les services publics.",
    en: "This belongs to the “Republic” block. For the exam, remember both the exact wording and its practical effect in public life, school, or public services."
  },
  institutions: {
    fr: "Cette idée relève du bloc « Institutions ». Les questions testent souvent qui fait quoi, qui nomme qui, et quel niveau territorial gère quel domaine.",
    en: "This belongs to the “Institutions” block. Questions often test who does what, who appoints whom, and which territorial level manages each area."
  },
  droits: {
    fr: "Cette idée relève du bloc « Droits et devoirs ». L'examen oppose souvent une liberté à sa limite légale, ou un droit à une obligation concrète.",
    en: "This belongs to the “Rights and duties” block. The exam often contrasts a freedom with its legal limit, or a right with a practical obligation."
  },
  histoire: {
    fr: "Cette idée relève du bloc « Histoire, géographie et culture ». Il faut souvent reconnaître un repère, une date, une figure ou un lieu emblématique.",
    en: "This belongs to the “History, geography, and culture” block. You often need to recognize a landmark, a date, a major figure, or a symbolic place."
  },
  societe: {
    fr: "Cette idée relève du bloc « Vivre dans la société française ». Les questions y sont très pratiques: école, santé, travail, famille, urgence, démarches.",
    en: "This belongs to the “Living in French society” block. Questions here are very practical: school, healthcare, work, family, emergencies, and administrative steps."
  }
};

const tooltipRules = [
  {
    keywords: ["laicite", "eglises", "religion", "culte", "conscience"],
    fr: "Contexte: la laïcité ne signifie pas effacer les religions, mais garantir la neutralité de l'État et la liberté de conscience. À mémoriser: on peut croire, ne pas croire, ou changer de religion, mais on ne peut pas invoquer sa religion pour échapper aux règles communes.",
    en: "Context: secularism does not erase religion; it guarantees State neutrality and freedom of conscience. Memorize this: a person may believe, not believe, or change religion, but may not invoke religion to escape common rules."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["liberte", "expression", "presse"],
    fr: "Contexte: la liberté est centrale, mais jamais absolue. Dans les QCM, la bonne réponse rappelle souvent qu'une liberté existe tout en étant limitée par la loi, l'ordre public ou les droits d'autrui.",
    en: "Context: freedom is central, but never absolute. In MCQs, the correct answer often states that a freedom exists while still being limited by law, public order, or the rights of others."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["egalite", "femmes-hommes", "discrimination", "racisme", "antisemitisme"],
    fr: "Contexte: l'égalité signifie égalité devant la loi, égalité des droits et refus des discriminations. Dans les mises en situation, repère immédiatement tout refus fondé sur l'origine, la religion, le sexe ou l'orientation sexuelle.",
    en: "Context: equality means equality before the law, equal rights, and refusal of discrimination. In situations, immediately spot any refusal based on origin, religion, sex, or sexual orientation."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["devise", "marianne", "marseillaise", "drapeau", "14 juillet", "coq"],
    fr: "Contexte: ce sont des symboles ou marqueurs identitaires de la République. L'examen aime les questions très directes ici: symbole, devise, hymne, date de fête nationale.",
    en: "Context: these are symbols or identity markers of the Republic. The exam likes very direct questions here: symbol, motto, anthem, or national-holiday date."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["souverainete", "referendum", "representants"],
    fr: "Contexte: la souveraineté nationale appartient au peuple. Retiens la formule exacte: elle s'exerce par les représentants et par le référendum.",
    en: "Context: national sovereignty belongs to the people. Memorize the exact formula: it is exercised through representatives and by referendum."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["parlement", "assemblee nationale", "senat", "deputes", "senateurs"],
    fr: "Contexte: pour réussir, il faut distinguer clairement les deux chambres et leurs durées de mandat. Parlement = Assemblée nationale + Sénat. Les députés votent avec les sénateurs les lois et contrôlent l'action du Gouvernement.",
    en: "Context: to succeed, clearly distinguish the two chambers and their term lengths. Parliament = National Assembly + Senate. Deputies and senators vote laws and oversee the Government."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["president", "premier ministre", "gouvernement"],
    fr: "Contexte: les questions ici cherchent souvent la chaîne institutionnelle. Le Président est élu directement pour cinq ans; il nomme le Premier ministre, qui dirige l'action du Gouvernement.",
    en: "Context: questions here often test the institutional chain. The President is directly elected for five years; he appoints the Prime Minister, who directs the Government’s action."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["commune", "departement", "region", "prefet", "etat civil", "college", "lycee"],
    fr: "Contexte: c'est un bloc de répartition des compétences. Astuce mémoire: commune = proximité et état civil; département = collèges et action sociale; région = lycées, formation pro, transports régionaux; préfet = représentant de l'État.",
    en: "Context: this is about the distribution of powers. Memory trick: commune = proximity and civil registry; department = middle schools and social action; region = high schools, vocational training, regional transport; prefect = State representative."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["union europeenne", "maastricht", "27 etats", "euro", "ode a la joie"],
    fr: "Contexte: il faut retenir les repères européens les plus stables: 1992 pour Maastricht et l'Union européenne, 27 États membres au 1er janvier 2025, 2002 pour l'euro en France.",
    en: "Context: remember the most stable European landmarks: 1992 for Maastricht and the EU, 27 member states on 1 January 2025, and 2002 for the euro in France."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["impots", "revenus", "cotisations"],
    fr: "Contexte: ces questions relient citoyenneté et solidarité. La bonne idée à garder: déclarer ses revenus et payer impôts ou cotisations n'est pas optionnel; cela finance les services publics et la protection sociale.",
    en: "Context: these questions link citizenship and solidarity. Keep this in mind: declaring income and paying taxes or contributions is not optional; it funds public services and social protection."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["secours", "danger", "urgence", "samu", "police", "pompiers", "112"],
    fr: "Contexte: ce sont des repères de réaction immédiate. L'examen aime vérifier le numéro à composer et le devoir de porter secours à une personne en danger.",
    en: "Context: these are immediate-response markers. The exam likes to check which number to call and the duty to help a person in danger."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["alcool", "mineurs", "permis", "penales", "juge"],
    fr: "Contexte: ici, l'examen teste des interdictions concrètes. Retiens bien: alcool interdit à la vente aux moins de 18 ans, conduite sans permis illégale, sanctions possibles en cas d'infraction.",
    en: "Context: here the exam tests concrete prohibitions. Memorize this well: alcohol cannot be sold to under-18s, driving without a license is illegal, and penalties may follow offences."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["revolution", "1789", "1792", "napoleon", "1804", "1848"],
    fr: "Contexte: ce sont des dates socles. Si tu hésites, rattache chaque date à un mot-clé: 1789 Révolution, 1792 Première République, 1804 Napoléon empereur, 1848 abolition de l'esclavage.",
    en: "Context: these are foundational dates. If unsure, attach each date to a key word: 1789 Revolution, 1792 First Republic, 1804 Napoleon emperor, 1848 abolition of slavery."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["1914-1918", "1939-1945", "11 novembre", "8 mai", "18 juin 1940", "resistance"],
    fr: "Contexte: ces repères de guerre sont très fréquents. Il faut savoir associer chaque date à sa commémoration: 11 novembre pour l'armistice de 1918, 8 mai pour la victoire de 1945, 18 juin 1940 pour l'appel de la Résistance.",
    en: "Context: these war landmarks are very common. You should connect each date to its commemoration: 11 November for the 1918 armistice, 8 May for victory in 1945, and 18 June 1940 for the Resistance appeal."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["femmes", "vote", "1944", "peine de mort", "1981"],
    fr: "Contexte: ce sont des repères d'élargissement des droits. À mémoriser ensemble: 1944 pour le vote des femmes, 1981 pour l'abolition de la peine de mort.",
    en: "Context: these are landmarks in the expansion of rights. Memorize them together: 1944 for women’s suffrage, 1981 for the abolition of the death penalty."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["mont-blanc", "seine", "guyane", "drom", "bresil"],
    fr: "Contexte: les questions de géographie restent simples mais très précises. Le bon réflexe est d'associer immédiatement un lieu à son fait distinctif: Mont-Blanc plus haute montagne, Seine à Paris, Guyane frontière avec le Brésil, DROM à réciter.",
    en: "Context: geography questions remain simple but very precise. The right reflex is to immediately tie each place to its distinctive fact: Mont Blanc highest mountain, Seine in Paris, French Guiana bordering Brazil, and the DROM list."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["louvre", "joconde", "moliere", "victor hugo", "monet", "rodin", "marie curie", "mont-saint-michel"],
    fr: "Contexte: ce sont des repères culturels emblématiques, souvent testés de manière directe. L'objectif n'est pas un cours d'histoire de l'art complet, mais la reconnaissance rapide d'un nom, d'une œuvre ou d'un lieu.",
    en: "Context: these are emblematic cultural landmarks, often tested very directly. The goal is not a full art-history course, but fast recognition of a name, a work, or a place."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["travail", "35 heures", "smic", "syndical", "contrat"],
    fr: "Contexte: pour le travail, l'examen attend des notions simples mais concrètes: contrat, durée légale du travail, SMIC, droit syndical, sécurité et interdiction du travail non déclaré.",
    en: "Context: for work, the exam expects simple but concrete notions: contract, legal working time, SMIC, trade-union rights, safety, and the prohibition of undeclared work."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["ecole", "instruction", "college", "lycee", "parents"],
    fr: "Contexte: le bloc école mélange règles de la République et vie quotidienne. Il faut connaître l'instruction obligatoire de 3 à 16 ans, la progression école-collège-lycée, et le rôle des parents.",
    en: "Context: the school block mixes republican rules with daily life. You need to know compulsory education from age 3 to 16, the path from school to middle school to high school, and the role of parents."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["autorite parentale", "divorce", "enfants", "integrite physique", "chatiments corporels"],
    fr: "Contexte: ces questions testent surtout la protection de l'enfant. À retenir: les enfants ont droit au respect de leur intégrité physique et morale, et après divorce l'autorité parentale reste en principe exercée par les deux parents.",
    en: "Context: these questions mainly test child protection. Remember: children have the right to physical and moral integrity, and after divorce parental authority normally remains exercised by both parents."
  },
  {
    keywords: ["assurance maladie", "mutuelle", "vitale", "secret medical"],
    fr: "Contexte: pour la santé, il faut distinguer l'Assurance maladie de base, la mutuelle complémentaire et le rôle pratique de la carte Vitale dans la prise en charge des soins.",
    en: "Context: for healthcare, distinguish between basic Health Insurance, supplementary insurance, and the practical role of the Vitale card in covering care."
  }
];

function buildTooltipContent(text, theme) {
  const normalized = normalizeText(text);
  const base = themeTooltipBases[theme] || {
    fr: "Repère à mémoriser pour l'examen civique.",
    en: "A landmark to memorize for the civic exam."
  };

  const matches = tooltipRules.filter((rule) =>
    rule.keywords.some((keyword) => normalized.includes(keyword))
  );

  const frParts = [base.fr, ...matches.slice(0, 2).map((rule) => rule.fr)];
  const enParts = [base.en, ...matches.slice(0, 2).map((rule) => rule.en)];

  return {
    fr: frParts.join(" "),
    en: enParts.join(" ")
  };
}

function inferThemeFromSectionId(sectionId) {
  const map = {
    "theme-republique": "republique",
    "theme-institutions": "institutions",
    "theme-droits": "droits",
    "theme-history": "histoire",
    "theme-societe": "societe"
  };
  return map[sectionId] || "republique";
}

function inferThemeFromDeckTitle(title) {
  const normalized = normalizeText(title);
  if (normalized.includes("institution")) return "institutions";
  if (normalized.includes("right") || normalized.includes("duty")) return "droits";
  if (normalized.includes("history") || normalized.includes("geography") || normalized.includes("europe")) return "histoire";
  if (normalized.includes("daily")) return "societe";
  return "republique";
}

function inferThemeFromScenarioLabel(label) {
  const normalized = normalizeText(label);
  if (normalized.includes("laic") || normalized.includes("egalite")) return "republique";
  if (normalized.includes("liberte") || normalized.includes("devoir")) return "droits";
  if (normalized.includes("travail") || normalized.includes("famille") || normalized.includes("ecole")) return "societe";
  return "republique";
}

function tooltipSentence({ displayText, pairedText = "", theme, title = "", language = "fr" }) {
  const detail = buildTooltipContent(displayText, theme);
  const payload = {
    title: title || themeLabels[theme] || "Context",
    displayText,
    pairedText,
    detailFr: detail.fr,
    detailEn: detail.en,
    language
  };

  return `<span class="context-sentence" tabindex="0" data-tooltip='${escapeHtml(
    JSON.stringify(payload)
  )}'>${escapeHtml(displayText)}</span>`;
}

function positionTooltip(event) {
  if (!activeTooltipTarget || elements.contextTooltip.classList.contains("hidden")) {
    return;
  }

  const offset = 18;
  const maxLeft = window.innerWidth - elements.contextTooltip.offsetWidth - 12;
  const maxTop = window.innerHeight - elements.contextTooltip.offsetHeight - 12;
  const rect = activeTooltipTarget.getBoundingClientRect();
  const clientX = typeof event?.clientX === "number" ? event.clientX : rect.left + rect.width / 2;
  const clientY = typeof event?.clientY === "number" ? event.clientY : rect.bottom;
  const left = Math.min(clientX + offset, Math.max(12, maxLeft));
  const top = Math.min(clientY + offset, Math.max(12, maxTop));

  elements.contextTooltip.style.left = `${left}px`;
  elements.contextTooltip.style.top = `${top}px`;
}

function showTooltip(target, event) {
  const raw = target.getAttribute("data-tooltip");
  if (!raw) {
    return;
  }

  const payload = JSON.parse(raw);
  elements.contextTooltip.innerHTML = `
    <h3>${escapeHtml(payload.title)}</h3>
    <p>${escapeHtml(payload.displayText)}</p>
    ${payload.pairedText ? `<p>${escapeHtml(payload.pairedText)}</p>` : ""}
    <h4>Context FR</h4>
    <p>${escapeHtml(payload.detailFr)}</p>
    ${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : `<h4>Context EN</h4><p>${escapeHtml(payload.detailEn)}</p>`}
  `;
  elements.contextTooltip.classList.remove("hidden");
  activeTooltipTarget = target;
  positionTooltip(event);
}

function hideTooltip() {
  elements.contextTooltip.classList.add("hidden");
  activeTooltipTarget = null;
}

function renderStudySections() {
  elements.studySections.innerHTML = studySections
    .map(
      (section, index) => `
        <details class="study-block" ${index === 0 ? "open" : ""}>
          <summary>
            <div>
              <h3>${section.title}</h3>
              <p>${section.subtitle}</p>
            </div>
            <span aria-hidden="true">FR / EN</span>
          </summary>
          <div class="study-duo">
            <div class="study-col fr">
              <h4>Français</h4>
              <ul>${section.fr
                .map((item, itemIndex) =>
                  `<li>${tooltipSentence({
                    displayText: item,
                    pairedText: section.en[itemIndex],
                    theme: inferThemeFromSectionId(section.id),
                    title: section.subtitle,
                    language: "fr"
                  })}</li>`
                )
                .join("")}</ul>
            </div>
            <div class="study-col en">
              <h4>English</h4>
              <ul>${section.en
                .map((item, itemIndex) =>
                  `<li>${tooltipSentence({
                    displayText: item,
                    pairedText: section.fr[itemIndex],
                    theme: inferThemeFromSectionId(section.id),
                    title: section.subtitle,
                    language: "en"
                  })}</li>`
                )
                .join("")}</ul>
            </div>
          </div>
        </details>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function renderTimeline() {
  elements.timelineList.innerHTML = timelineItems
    .map(
      (item) => `
        <article class="timeline-item">
          <div class="timeline-date">${item.date}</div>
          <div class="timeline-copy">
            <strong>${item.frTitle}</strong>
            <span>${tooltipSentence({
              displayText: item.frText,
              pairedText: item.enText,
              theme: "histoire",
              title: item.frTitle,
              language: "fr"
            })}</span>
          </div>
          <div class="timeline-copy">
            <strong>${item.enTitle}</strong>
            <span>${tooltipSentence({
              displayText: item.enText,
              pairedText: item.frText,
              theme: "histoire",
              title: item.enTitle,
              language: "en"
            })}</span>
          </div>
        </article>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function renderSources() {
  elements.sourceList.innerHTML = sources
    .map(
      (source) => `
        <article class="source-card">
          <div>
            <h3>${source.title}</h3>
            <p class="source-body">${source.body}</p>
            <a href="${source.url}" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Open official source</a>
          </div>
          <div class="source-tag">${source.tag}</div>
        </article>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function renderCramDecks() {
  elements.cramGrid.innerHTML = cramDecks
    .map(
      (deck) => `
        <article class="cram-card">
          <h3>${deck.title}</h3>
          <ul>${deck.items
            .map(
              (item) => `<li class="cram-item">
                ${tooltipSentence({
                  displayText: item.fr,
                  pairedText: item.en,
                  theme: inferThemeFromDeckTitle(deck.title),
                  title: deck.title,
                  language: "fr"
                })}
                <span class="cram-translation">${escapeHtml(item.en)}</span>
              </li>`
            )
            .join("")}</ul>
        </article>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function renderScenarioDrills() {
  elements.scenarioList.innerHTML = scenarioDrills
    .map(
      (scenario) => `
        <article class="scenario-card">
          <div class="scenario-label">${scenario.label}</div>
          <h3>${scenario.title}</h3>
          <p><strong>FR:</strong> ${tooltipSentence({
            displayText: scenario.fr,
            pairedText: scenario.en,
            theme: inferThemeFromScenarioLabel(scenario.label),
            title: scenario.title,
            language: "fr"
          })}</p>
          <p><strong>EN:</strong> ${tooltipSentence({
            displayText: scenario.en,
            pairedText: scenario.fr,
            theme: inferThemeFromScenarioLabel(scenario.label),
            title: scenario.title,
            language: "en"
          })}</p>
        </article>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function applyFrenchOnlyPreference() {
  document.body.classList.toggle("french-only", progress.frenchOnly);
  elements.frenchOnlyToggle.checked = progress.frenchOnly;
  elements.statusHint.textContent = progress.frenchOnly
    ? "French-only mode is active for new exams and flashcards."
    : "The exam questions are shown in French with an English translation directly underneath.";
}

function updateTrainingStats() {
  const totalAttempts = Object.values(progress.attempts).reduce((sum, value) => sum + value, 0);
  const totalCorrect = Object.values(progress.correct).reduce((sum, value) => sum + value, 0);
  const accuracy = totalAttempts ? `${Math.round((totalCorrect / totalAttempts) * 100)}%` : "--";
  const weakCount = getWeakQuestionPool().length;

  elements.trainingStats.innerHTML = `
    <div class="training-stat">
      <span>Question bank</span>
      <strong>${questionBank.length}</strong>
    </div>
    <div class="training-stat">
      <span>Weak questions</span>
      <strong>${weakCount}</strong>
    </div>
    <div class="training-stat">
      <span>Overall accuracy</span>
      <strong>${accuracy}</strong>
    </div>
  `;
}

function findQuestionById(id) {
  return questionBank.find((question) => question.id === id);
}

function getWeakQuestionPool() {
  return questionBank.filter((question) => {
    const attempts = progress.attempts[question.id] || 0;
    const correct = progress.correct[question.id] || 0;
    if (!attempts) {
      return false;
    }
    return correct / attempts < 0.8;
  });
}

function prepareQuestionInstance(question) {
  const combined = question.choicesFr.map((choiceFr, index) => ({
    fr: choiceFr,
    en: question.choicesEn[index],
    isCorrect: index === question.correct
  }));
  const shuffledChoices = shuffle(combined);
  return {
    ...question,
    choicesFr: shuffledChoices.map((choice) => choice.fr),
    choicesEn: shuffledChoices.map((choice) => choice.en),
    correct: shuffledChoices.findIndex((choice) => choice.isCorrect)
  };
}

function buildMemoryDeck(theme) {
  const baseDeck = flashcards.filter((card) => theme === "all" || card.theme === theme);
  const hardFirst = [
    ...baseDeck.filter((card) => progress.hardCards.includes(card.id)),
    ...baseDeck.filter((card) => !progress.hardCards.includes(card.id))
  ];
  return shuffle(hardFirst);
}

function renderMemoryCard() {
  if (!currentMemoryCard) {
    elements.memoryCard.innerHTML = `<p class="memory-placeholder">Start a flashcard drill to begin.</p>`;
    return;
  }

  const answerBlock = memoryRevealed
    ? `
      <div class="memory-answer">
        <h3>Answer</h3>
        <p>${currentMemoryCard.backFr}</p>
        ${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : `<p class="en-copy">${currentMemoryCard.backEn}</p>`}
      </div>
    `
    : "";

  elements.memoryCard.innerHTML = `
    <div class="memory-meta">
      <span>${themeLabels[currentMemoryCard.theme] || "Mixed"}</span>
      <span>Card ${currentMemoryIndex + 1} / ${currentMemoryDeck.length}</span>
    </div>
    <div class="memory-face">
      <h3>Prompt</h3>
      <p>${currentMemoryCard.frontFr}</p>
      ${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : `<p class="en-copy">${currentMemoryCard.frontEn}</p>`}
    </div>
    ${answerBlock}
  `;
}

function startMemorySession() {
  currentMemoryDeck = buildMemoryDeck(elements.memoryTheme.value);
  currentMemoryIndex = -1;
  currentMemoryCard = null;
  nextMemoryCard();
}

function nextMemoryCard() {
  if (!currentMemoryDeck.length) {
    elements.memoryCard.innerHTML = `<p class="memory-placeholder">No flashcards available for this theme.</p>`;
    return;
  }

  currentMemoryIndex = (currentMemoryIndex + 1) % currentMemoryDeck.length;
  currentMemoryCard = currentMemoryDeck[currentMemoryIndex];
  memoryRevealed = false;
  renderMemoryCard();
}

function revealMemoryCard() {
  if (!currentMemoryCard) {
    return;
  }
  memoryRevealed = true;
  renderMemoryCard();
}

function markHardCard() {
  if (!currentMemoryCard) {
    return;
  }
  if (!progress.hardCards.includes(currentMemoryCard.id)) {
    progress.hardCards.push(currentMemoryCard.id);
    saveProgress();
    updateTrainingStats();
  }
}

function shuffle(items) {
  const copy = [...items];
  for (let i = copy.length - 1; i > 0; i -= 1) {
    const j = Math.floor(Math.random() * (i + 1));
    [copy[i], copy[j]] = [copy[j], copy[i]];
  }
  return copy;
}

function takeRandom(items, count) {
  return shuffle(items).slice(0, count);
}

function getQuestionsForTheme(theme) {
  return questionBank.filter((question) => question.theme === theme);
}

function buildExam(mode, theme) {
  let selected = [];

  if (mode === "theme") {
    selected = takeRandom(getQuestionsForTheme(theme), 10);
  } else if (mode === "weak") {
    const weakPool = getWeakQuestionPool();
    selected =
      weakPool.length > 0
        ? takeRandom(weakPool, Math.min(15, weakPool.length))
        : takeRandom(questionBank, 15);
  } else {
    const config = examConfigs[mode];
    for (const [themeKey, count] of Object.entries(config.counts)) {
      selected.push(...takeRandom(getQuestionsForTheme(themeKey), count));
    }
  }

  return shuffle(selected).map(prepareQuestionInstance);
}

function getExamDuration(mode) {
  if (mode === "theme") {
    return 12 * 60;
  }
  if (mode === "weak") {
    return 15 * 60;
  }
  return examConfigs[mode].durationSeconds;
}

function renderExam(exam, mode) {
  currentExam = exam;
  currentExamMode = mode;
  elements.results.classList.add("hidden");
  elements.results.innerHTML = "";
  elements.examActions.classList.remove("hidden");
  elements.questionCount.textContent = String(exam.length);

  const passLine =
    mode === "full" || mode === "quick"
      ? `${Math.ceil(exam.length * examConfigs[mode].passPercent)}/${exam.length}`
      : `${Math.ceil(exam.length * 0.8)}/${exam.length}`;
  elements.passLine.textContent = passLine;

  elements.examForm.innerHTML = exam
    .map(
      (question, index) => `
        <fieldset class="question-card" data-question-id="${question.id}">
          <div class="question-topline">
            <span class="question-index">Question ${index + 1}</span>
            <span class="question-theme">${themeLabels[question.theme]}</span>
          </div>
          <div class="question-text">
            <span class="fr-text">${question.fr}</span>
            ${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : `<span class="en-text">${question.en}</span>`}
          </div>
          <div class="choices">
            ${question.choicesFr
              .map(
                (choice, choiceIndex) => `
                  <label class="choice">
                    <input
                      type="radio"
                      name="${question.id}"
                      value="${choiceIndex}"
                    />
                    <span>
                      <span class="fr-choice">${choice}</span>
                      ${
                        progress.frenchOnly
                          ? ""
                          : `<span class="en-choice">${question.choicesEn[choiceIndex]}</span>`
                      }
                    </span>
                  </label>
                `
              )
              .join("")}
          </div>
        </fieldset>
      `
    )
    .join("");
}

function formatTime(totalSeconds) {
  const safe = Math.max(totalSeconds, 0);
  const minutes = String(Math.floor(safe / 60)).padStart(2, "0");
  const seconds = String(safe % 60).padStart(2, "0");
  return `${minutes}:${seconds}`;
}

function stopTimer() {
  if (currentTimer) {
    window.clearInterval(currentTimer);
    currentTimer = null;
  }
}

function startTimer(durationSeconds) {
  stopTimer();
  if (!durationSeconds) {
    elements.timerDisplay.textContent = "--:--";
    return;
  }

  remainingSeconds = durationSeconds;
  elements.timerDisplay.textContent = formatTime(remainingSeconds);

  currentTimer = window.setInterval(() => {
    remainingSeconds -= 1;
    elements.timerDisplay.textContent = formatTime(remainingSeconds);

    if (remainingSeconds <= 0) {
      stopTimer();
      gradeExam(true);
    }
  }, 1000);
}

function getSelectedAnswers() {
  const selections = {};
  currentExam.forEach((question) => {
    const checked = elements.examForm.querySelector(`input[name="${question.id}"]:checked`);
    selections[question.id] = checked ? Number(checked.value) : null;
  });
  return selections;
}

function recordExamProgress(answers) {
  currentExam.forEach((question) => {
    progress.attempts[question.id] = (progress.attempts[question.id] || 0) + 1;
    if (answers[question.id] === question.correct) {
      progress.correct[question.id] = (progress.correct[question.id] || 0) + 1;
    }
  });
  saveProgress();
  updateTrainingStats();
}

function gradeExam(isAutoSubmit = false) {
  if (!currentExam.length) {
    return;
  }

  stopTimer();
  const answers = getSelectedAnswers();
  recordExamProgress(answers);
  const score = currentExam.reduce(
    (total, question) => total + (answers[question.id] === question.correct ? 1 : 0),
    0
  );
  const passMark = Math.ceil(currentExam.length * 0.8);
  const passed = score >= passMark;

  const byTheme = currentExam.reduce((accumulator, question) => {
    if (!accumulator[question.theme]) {
      accumulator[question.theme] = { total: 0, correct: 0 };
    }
    accumulator[question.theme].total += 1;
    if (answers[question.id] === question.correct) {
      accumulator[question.theme].correct += 1;
    }
    return accumulator;
  }, {});

  const reviewItems = currentExam
    .map((question, index) => {
      const selectedIndex = answers[question.id];
      const isCorrect = selectedIndex === question.correct;
      const selectedTextFr =
        selectedIndex === null ? "Aucune réponse" : question.choicesFr[selectedIndex];
      const selectedTextEn =
        selectedIndex === null ? "No answer" : question.choicesEn[selectedIndex];

      return `
        <article class="review-item ${isCorrect ? "correct" : "incorrect"}">
          <div class="question-topline">
            <span class="question-index">Question ${index + 1}</span>
            <span class="question-theme">${themeLabels[question.theme]}</span>
          </div>
          <div class="question-text">
            <span class="fr-text">${question.fr}</span>
            ${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : `<span class="en-text">${question.en}</span>`}
          </div>
          <div class="review-answer">
            <strong>${isCorrect ? "Correct" : "Incorrect"}</strong>
            <span><strong>Votre réponse${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : " / Your answer"}:</strong> ${selectedTextFr}${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : ` / ${selectedTextEn}`}</span>
            <span><strong>Bonne réponse${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : " / Correct answer"}:</strong> ${question.choicesFr[question.correct]}${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : ` / ${question.choicesEn[question.correct]}`}</span>
            <span><strong>Explication${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : " / Explanation"}:</strong> ${question.explanationFr}${progress.frenchOnly ? "" : ` / ${question.explanationEn}`}</span>
          </div>
        </article>
      `;
    })
    .join("");

  const themeCards = Object.entries(byTheme)
    .map(
      ([theme, values]) => `
        <div class="result-card">
          <span>${themeLabels[theme]}</span>
          <strong>${values.correct}/${values.total}</strong>
        </div>
      `
    )
    .join("");

  elements.results.innerHTML = `
    <div class="results-header">
      <div>
        <h3>Results</h3>
        <p>${isAutoSubmit ? "The timer ended and the exam was submitted automatically." : "Your exam has been graded."}</p>
      </div>
      <div class="score-pill ${passed ? "pass" : "fail"}">
        ${passed ? "Pass" : "Below pass line"} · ${score}/${currentExam.length}
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="results-grid">
      <div class="result-card">
        <span>Score</span>
        <strong>${score}/${currentExam.length}</strong>
      </div>
      <div class="result-card">
        <span>Pass line</span>
        <strong>${passMark}/${currentExam.length}</strong>
      </div>
      <div class="result-card">
        <span>Timer status</span>
        <strong>${isAutoSubmit ? "Time up" : "Submitted"}</strong>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="results-grid">${themeCards}</div>
    <p>${getWeakQuestionPool().length > 0 ? "Weak-points mode is now updated with the questions you are still missing." : "No weak-question pool yet. Keep practicing to build one."}</p>
    <div class="review-list">${reviewItems}</div>
  `;
  elements.results.classList.remove("hidden");
  elements.results.scrollIntoView({ behavior: "smooth", block: "start" });
}

function clearExam() {
  stopTimer();
  currentExam = [];
  elements.examForm.innerHTML = "";
  elements.results.innerHTML = "";
  elements.results.classList.add("hidden");
  elements.examActions.classList.add("hidden");
  elements.timerDisplay.textContent = "--:--";
  elements.questionCount.textContent = "0";
  elements.passLine.textContent = "--";
}

function handleModeVisibility() {
  elements.themeControl.classList.toggle("hidden", elements.examMode.value !== "theme");
}

function createExamFromControls() {
  const mode = elements.examMode.value;
  const theme = elements.themeSelect.value;
  const exam = buildExam(mode, theme);
  renderExam(exam, mode);
  startTimer(getExamDuration(mode));
}

renderStudySections();
renderCramDecks();
renderScenarioDrills();
renderTimeline();
renderSources();
applyFrenchOnlyPreference();
updateTrainingStats();
handleModeVisibility();
clearExam();
renderMemoryCard();

elements.examMode.addEventListener("change", handleModeVisibility);
elements.frenchOnlyToggle.addEventListener("change", () => {
  progress.frenchOnly = elements.frenchOnlyToggle.checked;
  saveProgress();
  applyFrenchOnlyPreference();
  renderMemoryCard();
});
elements.startMemory.addEventListener("click", startMemorySession);
elements.nextCard.addEventListener("click", nextMemoryCard);
elements.revealCard.addEventListener("click", revealMemoryCard);
elements.markHard.addEventListener("click", markHardCard);
elements.startExam.addEventListener("click", createExamFromControls);
elements.newExam.addEventListener("click", createExamFromControls);
elements.submitExam.addEventListener("click", () => gradeExam(false));
elements.resetExam.addEventListener("click", clearExam);

document.addEventListener("mouseover", (event) => {
  const target = event.target.closest(".context-sentence");
  if (!target) {
    hideTooltip();
    return;
  }
  showTooltip(target, event);
});

document.addEventListener("mousemove", (event) => {
  if (activeTooltipTarget) {
    positionTooltip(event);
  }
});

document.addEventListener("focusin", (event) => {
  const target = event.target.closest(".context-sentence");
  if (target) {
    showTooltip(target, event);
  }
});

document.addEventListener("focusout", (event) => {
  if (event.target.closest(".context-sentence")) {
    hideTooltip();
  }
});

document.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
  const target = event.target.closest(".context-sentence");
  if (target) {
    showTooltip(target, event);
  } else if (!event.target.closest("#context-tooltip")) {
    hideTooltip();
  }
});

window.addEventListener("resize", hideTooltip);
document.addEventListener("scroll", hideTooltip, true);