game/tracks.py

"""
tracks.py — Track definitions for the curriculum car racer.

Angle convention (pygame y-down):
  0°  = right (+x)
  90° = down  (+y)
  180° = left  (-x)
  270° = up    (-y)
"""

import math
import pygame

SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H = 900, 600

# Colours
C_GRASS = (45, 110, 45)
C_TRACK = (52, 52, 52)
C_WHITE = (255, 255, 255)


# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# Geometry helpers
# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

def _arc(cx, cy, rx, ry, a0_deg, a1_deg, n=24):
    """Return n+1 points along an elliptical arc from a0_deg to a1_deg."""
    pts = []
    for i in range(n + 1):
        t = a0_deg + (a1_deg - a0_deg) * i / n
        rad = math.radians(t)
        x = cx + rx * math.cos(rad)
        y = cy + ry * math.sin(rad)
        pts.append((x, y))
    return pts


def _full_ellipse(cx, cy, rx, ry, n=80, start_deg=90):
    """Return n+1 points of a full ellipse starting at start_deg."""
    return _arc(cx, cy, rx, ry, start_deg, start_deg + 360, n)


def _dense_poly(corners, step=20, segment_widths=None):
    """
    Sample a closed straight-segment polygon at ~step-px intervals.
    Analogous to _arc() for polygon tracks: produces dense waypoints so the
    +10 lookahead in CarEnv._obs() gives meaningful corner anticipation.

    If segment_widths (one value per corner segment) is provided, returns
    (waypoints, expanded_widths) with widths broadcast to the dense point list.
    Otherwise returns just the waypoints list.
    """
    result = []
    expanded_sw = [] if segment_widths is not None else None
    n = len(corners)
    for i in range(n):
        x0, y0 = corners[i]
        x1, y1 = corners[(i + 1) % n]
        seg_len = math.hypot(x1 - x0, y1 - y0)
        n_pts = max(2, int(seg_len / step))
        for k in range(n_pts):
            t = k / n_pts
            result.append((x0 + t * (x1 - x0), y0 + t * (y1 - y0)))
        if expanded_sw is not None:
            expanded_sw.extend([segment_widths[i]] * n_pts)
    if segment_widths is not None:
        return result, expanded_sw
    return result


def _ipts(pts):
    """Convert float point list to integer tuples."""
    return [(int(round(x)), int(round(y))) for x, y in pts]


# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# TrackDef
# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

class TrackDef:
    def __init__(self, level, name, waypoints, width, start_pos, start_angle, max_speed,
                 segment_widths=None):
        self.level = level
        self.name = name
        self.waypoints = waypoints      # list of (x,y) floats
        self.width = width
        # Per-segment widths for variable-width tracks (one value per waypoint,
        # applied to the segment FROM that waypoint TO the next).
        # None = uniform self.width everywhere.
        self.segment_widths = segment_widths
        self.start_pos = start_pos      # (x, y) floats
        self.start_angle = start_angle  # degrees
        self.max_speed = max_speed

        self.surface = None
        self.mask = None
        self.hud_corner = (8, 8)  # default; updated after build()

        # Unit vector in start_angle direction (for gate_side)
        rad = math.radians(start_angle)
        self._gate_dx = math.cos(rad)
        self._gate_dy = math.sin(rad)

        # ── Reward metadata (computed once here, used by CarEnv) ─────────────
        # Perimeter of the waypoint polygon = approximate track centerline length
        self.optimal_dist = sum(
            math.hypot(waypoints[(i + 1) % len(waypoints)][0] - waypoints[i][0],
                       waypoints[(i + 1) % len(waypoints)][1] - waypoints[i][1])
            for i in range(len(waypoints))
        )

        # Expected lap time (frames) at 70 % of max speed — accounts for corners
        self.par_time_steps = self.optimal_dist / (max_speed * 0.70)

        # Difficulty multiplier: narrow + fast = harder.
        # For variable-width tracks the *choke* (minimum segment) sets difficulty.
        _BASE_WIDTH = 115.0
        _BASE_SPEED = 3.0
        eff_w = min(segment_widths) if segment_widths else width
        self.complexity = (_BASE_WIDTH / eff_w) * (max_speed / _BASE_SPEED)

        # Road width at the start/finish line (for checkered flag rendering).
        # For variable-width tracks, find the width of the segment nearest to start.
        if segment_widths is not None:
            sx, sy = start_pos
            nearest = min(range(len(waypoints)),
                          key=lambda i: math.hypot(waypoints[i][0] - sx,
                                                   waypoints[i][1] - sy))
            self._start_road_width = segment_widths[nearest]
        else:
            self._start_road_width = width

    def _best_hud_corner(self, panel_w, panel_h, margin=8):
        """Return (x, y) of the screen corner with fewest track pixels under the HUD panel."""
        corners = [
            (margin, margin),
            (SCREEN_W - panel_w - margin, margin),
            (margin, SCREEN_H - panel_h - margin),
            (SCREEN_W - panel_w - margin, SCREEN_H - panel_h - margin),
        ]
        best_pos, best_count = corners[0], float('inf')
        for cx, cy in corners:
            count = sum(
                1
                for px in range(cx, cx + panel_w, 6)
                for py in range(cy, cy + panel_h, 6)
                if self.mask.get_at((px, py))[0] > 128
            )
            if count < best_count:
                best_count, best_pos = count, (cx, cy)
        return best_pos

    def build(self):
        """Draw the track onto self.surface and build self.mask."""
        BORDER = 6   # white border thickness on each edge (pixels)

        surf = pygame.Surface((SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H))
        surf.fill(C_GRASS)

        ipts_list = _ipts(self.waypoints)
        n = len(ipts_list)

        if self.segment_widths is None:
            # ── Uniform-width path (original behaviour) ──────────────────────
            r      = self.width // 2
            r_out  = r + BORDER
            pygame.draw.lines(surf, C_WHITE, True, ipts_list, self.width + BORDER * 2)
            for pt in ipts_list:
                pygame.draw.circle(surf, C_WHITE, pt, r_out)
            pygame.draw.lines(surf, C_TRACK, True, ipts_list, self.width)
            for pt in ipts_list:
                pygame.draw.circle(surf, C_TRACK, pt, r)
        else:
            # ── Variable-width path ───────────────────────────────────────────
            # At each waypoint junction the circle radius is the max of the
            # incoming and outgoing segment widths, ensuring no gaps at
            # wide→narrow or narrow→wide transitions.
            sw = self.segment_widths

            # Pass 1: white outer strip
            for i in range(n):
                j   = (i + 1) % n
                w   = sw[i] + BORDER * 2
                w_p = sw[(i - 1) % n] + BORDER * 2
                pygame.draw.line(surf, C_WHITE, ipts_list[i], ipts_list[j], w)
                pygame.draw.circle(surf, C_WHITE, ipts_list[i], max(w, w_p) // 2)

            # Pass 2: grey tarmac
            for i in range(n):
                j   = (i + 1) % n
                w   = sw[i]
                w_p = sw[(i - 1) % n]
                pygame.draw.line(surf, C_TRACK, ipts_list[i], ipts_list[j], w)
                pygame.draw.circle(surf, C_TRACK, ipts_list[i], max(w, w_p) // 2)

        # Checkered start / finish line across the full road width
        self._draw_start_finish(surf)
        self.surface = surf

        # Mask: covers the full road width (including border) so on_track
        # returns True all the way to the white edge lines.
        mask_surf = pygame.Surface((SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H))
        mask_surf.fill((0, 0, 0))
        if self.segment_widths is None:
            r_out = self.width // 2 + BORDER
            pygame.draw.lines(mask_surf, C_WHITE, True, ipts_list,
                               self.width + BORDER * 2)
            for pt in ipts_list:
                pygame.draw.circle(mask_surf, C_WHITE, pt, r_out)
        else:
            sw = self.segment_widths
            for i in range(n):
                j   = (i + 1) % n
                w   = sw[i] + BORDER * 2
                w_p = sw[(i - 1) % n] + BORDER * 2
                pygame.draw.line(mask_surf, C_WHITE, ipts_list[i], ipts_list[j], w)
                pygame.draw.circle(mask_surf, C_WHITE, ipts_list[i], max(w, w_p) // 2)
        self.mask = mask_surf
        self.hud_corner = self._best_hud_corner(330, 175)

    def _draw_start_finish(self, surf):
        """
        Checkered black/white flag pattern across the track at start_pos,
        perpendicular to the driving direction.  2 rows × N columns of 10 px cells.
        """
        CELL = 10
        ROWS = 2
        sx, sy = self.start_pos

        # Unit vectors: across the track (perp) and along the track (along)
        perp_rad  = math.radians(self.start_angle + 90)
        along_rad = math.radians(self.start_angle)
        perp  = (math.cos(perp_rad),  math.sin(perp_rad))
        along = (math.cos(along_rad), math.sin(along_rad))

        n_cols = self._start_road_width // CELL + 4   # slightly wider than road
        half   = n_cols / 2.0

        for row in range(ROWS):
            v = (row - ROWS / 2.0 + 0.5) * CELL   # offset along driving dir
            for col in range(-int(half) - 1, int(half) + 2):
                u = col * CELL                      # offset across track
                color = (255, 255, 255) if (row + col) % 2 == 0 else (0, 0, 0)
                # Four corners of this cell in screen space
                pts = []
                for du, dv in [(-CELL/2, -CELL/2), (CELL/2, -CELL/2),
                                (CELL/2,  CELL/2),  (-CELL/2, CELL/2)]:
                    px = sx + (u + du) * perp[0] + (v + dv) * along[0]
                    py = sy + (u + du) * perp[1] + (v + dv) * along[1]
                    pts.append((int(px), int(py)))
                pygame.draw.polygon(surf, color, pts)

    def on_track(self, x, y):
        """Return True if pixel (x, y) is on the track mask."""
        if self.mask is None:
            return False
        ix, iy = int(round(x)), int(round(y))
        if ix < 0 or iy < 0 or ix >= SCREEN_W or iy >= SCREEN_H:
            return False
        color = self.mask.get_at((ix, iy))
        # White = on track
        return color[0] > 128

    def gate_side(self, x, y):
        """
        Dot product of (pos - start_pos) with start direction unit vector.
        Positive = ahead of gate, negative = behind gate.
        """
        dx = x - self.start_pos[0]
        dy = y - self.start_pos[1]
        return dx * self._gate_dx + dy * self._gate_dy


# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
# Track builders
# ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────

def _build_all_tracks():
    tracks = []

    # ── GROUP 1: Full ellipses ───────────────────────────────────────────────

    # 1. Wide Oval
    wp = _full_ellipse(450, 300, 370, 215, n=80, start_deg=90)
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=1, name="Wide Oval",
        waypoints=wp, width=115,
        start_pos=(450, 515), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.0
    ))

    # 2. Standard Oval
    wp = _full_ellipse(450, 300, 330, 195, n=80, start_deg=90)
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=2, name="Standard Oval",
        waypoints=wp, width=85,
        start_pos=(450, 495), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    # 3. Narrow Oval
    wp = _full_ellipse(450, 300, 320, 185, n=80, start_deg=90)
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=3, name="Narrow Oval",
        waypoints=wp, width=58,
        start_pos=(450, 485), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    # 4. Superspeedway
    wp = _full_ellipse(450, 300, 395, 160, n=80, start_deg=90)
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=4, name="Superspeedway",
        waypoints=wp, width=85,
        start_pos=(450, 460), start_angle=180, max_speed=4.5
    ))

    # ── GROUP 2: Rounded rectangles ─────────────────────────────────────────

    # 5. Rounded Rectangle
    # TL corner at (250,230), TR at (650,230), BR at (650,370), BL at (250,370), r=130
    # BUT with r=130, bottom of BR arc = 370+130=500, BL bottom = 370+130=500
    # arcs: TL 180→270, TR 270→360, BR 0→90, BL 90→180
    tl_arc = _arc(250, 230, 130, 130, 180, 270, 24)  # (120,230)→(250,100) wait...
    # TL center (250,230): 180° → (250-130,230)=(120,230), 270° → (250,230-130)=(250,100)
    tr_arc = _arc(650, 230, 130, 130, 270, 360, 24)  # (650,100)→(780,230)
    br_arc = _arc(650, 370, 130, 130, 0, 90, 24)    # (780,370)→(650,500)
    bl_arc = _arc(250, 370, 130, 130, 90, 180, 24)  # (250,500)→(120,370)
    wp = tl_arc + tr_arc + br_arc + bl_arc
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=5, name="Rounded Rectangle",
        waypoints=wp, width=90,
        start_pos=(450, 500), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    # 6. Stadium Oval
    left_arc = _arc(200, 300, 120, 120, 90, 270, 24)   # (200,420)→(200,180)
    right_arc = _arc(700, 300, 120, 120, 270, 450, 24)  # (700,180)→(700,420)
    wp = left_arc + right_arc
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=6, name="Stadium Oval",
        waypoints=wp, width=80,
        start_pos=(450, 420), start_angle=180, max_speed=4.0
    ))

    # 7. Tight Rectangle
    # TL=(185,195), TR=(715,195), BR=(715,405), BL=(185,405), r=65
    tl_arc = _arc(185, 195, 65, 65, 180, 270, 24)
    tr_arc = _arc(715, 195, 65, 65, 270, 360, 24)
    br_arc = _arc(715, 405, 65, 65, 0, 90, 24)
    bl_arc = _arc(185, 405, 65, 65, 90, 180, 24)
    wp = tl_arc + tr_arc + br_arc + bl_arc
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=7, name="Tight Rectangle",
        waypoints=wp, width=65,
        start_pos=(450, 470), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    # 8. Small Oval
    wp = _full_ellipse(450, 300, 265, 165, n=80, start_deg=90)
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=8, name="Small Oval",
        waypoints=wp, width=60,
        start_pos=(450, 465), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.2
    ))

    # ── GROUP 3: Two half-arcs ───────────────────────────────────────────────

    # 9. Hairpin Track
    # Counter-clockwise to match all other tracks (start_angle=180°, facing left).
    # arc2_rev: left tight hairpin (220,440)→(140,300)→(220,160)
    arc2_rev = _arc(220, 300, 80, 140, 90, 270, 24)
    # arc1_rev: right gentle (700,160)→(820,300)→(700,440)
    arc1_rev = _arc(700, 300, 120, 140, -90, 90, 24)
    wp = arc2_rev + arc1_rev
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=9, name="Hairpin Track",
        waypoints=wp, width=75,
        start_pos=(460, 440), start_angle=180.0, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    # 10. Chicane Track
    # Rounded rect with chicane on bottom
    tl_arc = _arc(250, 240, 100, 100, 180, 270, 24)
    tr_arc = _arc(650, 240, 100, 100, 270, 360, 24)
    br_arc = _arc(650, 360, 100, 100, 0, 90, 24)    # ends at (650,460)
    bl_arc = _arc(250, 360, 100, 100, 90, 180, 24)  # starts at (250,460)
    # Chicane inserted between br_arc end and bl_arc start
    chicane = [(650, 460), (575, 460), (545, 498), (450, 498), (355, 498), (325, 460), (250, 460)]
    wp = tl_arc + tr_arc + br_arc + chicane + bl_arc
    tracks.append(TrackDef(
        level=10, name="Chicane Track",
        waypoints=wp, width=70,
        start_pos=(450, 498), start_angle=180, max_speed=3.5
    ))

    return tracks


TRACKS = _build_all_tracks()