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import random
import math
# --- Game Constants ---
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 800, 600
FPS = 60
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
SHIP_THRUST = 0.2
SHIP_MAX_SPEED = 5
BULLET_SPEED = 7
# --- Pygame Initialization ---
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Pygame Asteroids Clone")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# --- Utility Functions ---
def wrap_around(sprite):
"""Wraps sprite position when it leaves the screen edges."""
if sprite.rect.left > WIDTH:
sprite.rect.right = 0
if sprite.rect.right < 0:
sprite.rect.left = WIDTH
if sprite.rect.top > HEIGHT:
sprite.rect.bottom = 0
if sprite.rect.bottom < 0:
sprite.rect.top = HEIGHT
def distance(p1, p2):
"""Calculates the distance between two (x, y) points."""
return math.sqrt((p1[0] - p2[0])**2 + (p1[1] - p2[1])**2)
# --- Game Classes ---
class Ship(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
# The ship is a simple white triangle pointing up
self.image_orig = pygame.Surface((30, 30), pygame.SRCALPHA)
# Draw the triangle: (15, 0) is the nose
pygame.draw.polygon(self.image_orig, WHITE, [(15, 0), (0, 30), (30, 30)])
self.image = self.image_orig.copy()
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=(WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2))
self.pos = pygame.math.Vector2(self.rect.center)
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(0, 0)
self.angle = 0 # 0 degrees is facing up
self.rotation_speed = 4
def update(self):
# 1. Handle Rotation
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.angle += self.rotation_speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.angle -= self.rotation_speed
# Keep angle within [0, 360)
self.angle %= 360
# Rotate the ship image
self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_orig, self.angle)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=self.rect.center)
# 2. Handle Thrust
if keys[pygame.K_UP]:
# Convert angle (degrees) to radians for trig functions
angle_rad = math.radians(self.angle - 90) # Adjust angle for standard math orientation (0=right, 90=up)
# Calculate thrust vector
thrust_x = SHIP_THRUST * math.cos(angle_rad)
thrust_y = SHIP_THRUST * math.sin(angle_rad)
self.vel += pygame.math.Vector2(thrust_x, thrust_y)
# 3. Apply Friction/Limit Speed (optional: implement max speed)
if self.vel.length() > SHIP_MAX_SPEED:
self.vel.scale_to_length(SHIP_MAX_SPEED)
# 4. Apply Movement
self.pos += self.vel
self.rect.center = (int(self.pos.x), int(self.pos.y))
# 5. Wrap Around Screen
wrap_around(self)
def shoot(self, all_sprites, bullets):
# Calculate bullet starting position and velocity
angle_rad = math.radians(self.angle - 90)
# The nose of the ship is the spawn point. This is an approximation.
spawn_x = self.pos.x + 15 * math.cos(angle_rad)
spawn_y = self.pos.y + 15 * math.sin(angle_rad)
bullet_vel_x = BULLET_SPEED * math.cos(angle_rad)
bullet_vel_y = BULLET_SPEED * math.sin(angle_rad)
bullet = Bullet(spawn_x, spawn_y, bullet_vel_x, bullet_vel_y)
all_sprites.add(bullet)
bullets.add(bullet)
class Asteroid(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, size, center):
super().__init__()
self.size = size # 3 (large), 2 (medium), 1 (small)
self.radius = self.size * 15
self.image = pygame.Surface((self.radius * 2, self.radius * 2), pygame.SRCALPHA)
# Draw a white circle for simplicity; complex asteroids use polygon shapes
pygame.draw.circle(self.image, WHITE, (self.radius, self.radius), self.radius, 1)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=center)
# Random initial velocity
angle = random.uniform(0, 2 * math.pi)
speed = random.uniform(0.5, 2)
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(speed * math.cos(angle), speed * math.sin(angle))
def update(self):
self.rect.centerx += self.vel.x
self.rect.centery += self.vel.y
wrap_around(self)
def spawn_smaller(self):
"""Splits the asteroid into two smaller ones."""
if self.size > 1:
new_size = self.size - 1
# Spawn two smaller asteroids moving in opposite directions
return [
Asteroid(new_size, self.rect.center),
Asteroid(new_size, self.rect.center)
]
return []
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y, vel_x, vel_y):
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.Surface((4, 4))
self.image.fill(WHITE)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=(x, y))
self.vel = pygame.math.Vector2(vel_x, vel_y)
# Bullets have a limited lifespan
self.lifespan = 90 # 90 frames (1.5 seconds at 60 FPS)
def update(self):
self.rect.centerx += self.vel.x
self.rect.centery += self.vel.y
# Check if bullet goes off screen (optional: wrap, but standard is destroy)
if not (0 < self.rect.x < WIDTH and 0 < self.rect.y < HEIGHT):
self.kill()
# Decrease lifespan
self.lifespan -= 1
if self.lifespan <= 0:
self.kill()
# --- Setup Game State ---
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
asteroids = pygame.sprite.Group()
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()
player = Ship()
all_sprites.add(player)
# Spawn initial asteroids
for i in range(4):
# Spawn large asteroids away from the center
spawn_pos = (random.choice([random.randrange(0, 100), random.randrange(WIDTH - 100, WIDTH)]),
random.choice([random.randrange(0, 100), random.randrange(HEIGHT - 100, HEIGHT)]))
asteroid = Asteroid(3, spawn_pos)
all_sprites.add(asteroid)
asteroids.add(asteroid)
# --- Game Loop ---
running = True
last_shot_time = 0
SHOT_DELAY = 250 # milliseconds
while running:
# --- 1. Process Input/Events ---
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
# Add shot delay to prevent rapid-fire on key-hold
now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
if now - last_shot_time > SHOT_DELAY:
player.shoot(all_sprites, bullets)
last_shot_time = now
# --- 2. Update Game State ---
all_sprites.update()
# --- 3. Check Collisions ---
# Bullet hits Asteroid
hits = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(bullets, asteroids, True, False)
for bullet, hit_asteroids in hits.items():
for asteroid in hit_asteroids:
# Create smaller asteroids
new_asteroids = asteroid.spawn_smaller()
for new_ast in new_asteroids:
all_sprites.add(new_ast)
asteroids.add(new_ast)
asteroid.kill() # Destroy the original asteroid
# Ship hits Asteroid
# 'pygame.sprite.collide_mask' is better for irregular shapes but 'pygame.sprite.collide_circle' is fine here
if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, asteroids, True, pygame.sprite.collide_mask):
# Game Over logic (reset or show message)
print("Ship Destroyed! Game Over.")
running = False # End the game for simplicity
# --- 4. Render/Draw ---
screen.fill(BLACK) # Clear the screen
all_sprites.draw(screen) # Draw all sprites
# Update the full display surface
pygame.display.flip()
# Wait for the next frame
clock.tick(FPS)
pygame.quit() |