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import logging
from typing import Optional
from uuid import uuid4
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
from sqlalchemy import Column, Text, JSON, Boolean, BigInteger, Index, select, or_, func, cast, String, delete, update
from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
from open_webui.internal.db import Base, get_async_db_context
log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
####################
# Automation DB Schema
####################
class Automation(Base):
__tablename__ = 'automation'
id = Column(Text, primary_key=True)
user_id = Column(Text, nullable=False)
name = Column(Text, nullable=False)
data = Column(JSON, nullable=False) # {prompt, model_id, rrule}
meta = Column(JSON, nullable=True)
is_active = Column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=True)
last_run_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=True)
next_run_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=True)
created_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=False)
updated_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=False)
__table_args__ = (Index('ix_automation_next_run', 'next_run_at'),)
class AutomationRun(Base):
__tablename__ = 'automation_run'
id = Column(Text, primary_key=True)
automation_id = Column(Text, nullable=False)
chat_id = Column(Text, nullable=True)
status = Column(Text, nullable=False) # success | error
error = Column(Text, nullable=True)
created_at = Column(BigInteger, nullable=False)
__table_args__ = (
Index('ix_automation_run_automation_id', 'automation_id'),
Index('ix_automation_run_aid_created', 'automation_id', 'created_at'),
)
####################
# Pydantic Models
####################
class AutomationTerminalConfig(BaseModel):
server_id: str
cwd: Optional[str] = None
class AutomationData(BaseModel):
prompt: str
model_id: str
rrule: str
terminal: Optional[AutomationTerminalConfig] = None
class AutomationModel(BaseModel):
model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
id: str
user_id: str
name: str
data: dict
meta: Optional[dict] = None
is_active: bool
last_run_at: Optional[int] = None
next_run_at: Optional[int] = None
created_at: int
updated_at: int
class AutomationRunModel(BaseModel):
model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
id: str
automation_id: str
chat_id: Optional[str] = None
status: str
error: Optional[str] = None
created_at: int
class AutomationForm(BaseModel):
name: str
data: AutomationData
meta: Optional[dict] = None
is_active: Optional[bool] = True
class AutomationResponse(AutomationModel):
last_run: Optional[AutomationRunModel] = None
next_runs: Optional[list[int]] = None
class AutomationListResponse(BaseModel):
items: list[AutomationModel]
total: int
####################
# AutomationTable
####################
class AutomationTable:
async def insert(
self,
user_id: str,
form: AutomationForm,
next_run_at: int,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> AutomationModel:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
now = int(time.time_ns())
row = Automation(
id=str(uuid4()),
user_id=user_id,
name=form.name,
data=form.data.model_dump(),
meta=form.meta,
is_active=form.is_active,
next_run_at=next_run_at,
created_at=now,
updated_at=now,
)
db.add(row)
await db.commit()
await db.refresh(row)
return AutomationModel.model_validate(row)
async def count_by_user(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> int:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(Automation).filter_by(user_id=user_id))
return result.scalar()
async def get_by_id(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[AutomationModel]:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
row = await db.get(Automation, id)
return AutomationModel.model_validate(row) if row else None
async def get_active_by_user(self, user_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[AutomationModel]:
"""Get active automations for a user (for calendar RRULE expansion)."""
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(
select(Automation).filter_by(user_id=user_id, is_active=True).order_by(Automation.created_at.desc())
)
return [AutomationModel.model_validate(r) for r in result.scalars().all()]
async def search_automations(
self,
user_id: str,
query: Optional[str] = None,
status: Optional[str] = None,
skip: int = 0,
limit: int = 30,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> 'AutomationListResponse':
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
stmt = select(Automation).filter_by(user_id=user_id)
if query:
search = f'%{query}%'
# Search in name and prompt inside JSON data
stmt = stmt.filter(
or_(
Automation.name.ilike(search),
cast(Automation.data, String).ilike(search),
)
)
if status == 'active':
stmt = stmt.filter(Automation.is_active == True)
elif status == 'paused':
stmt = stmt.filter(Automation.is_active == False)
stmt = stmt.order_by(Automation.created_at.desc())
# Get total count
count_result = await db.execute(select(func.count()).select_from(stmt.subquery()))
total = count_result.scalar()
if skip:
stmt = stmt.offset(skip)
if limit:
stmt = stmt.limit(limit)
result = await db.execute(stmt)
rows = result.scalars().all()
return AutomationListResponse(
items=[AutomationModel.model_validate(r) for r in rows],
total=total,
)
async def update_by_id(
self,
id: str,
form: AutomationForm,
next_run_at: int,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> Optional[AutomationModel]:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
row = await db.get(Automation, id)
if not row:
return None
row.name = form.name
row.data = form.data.model_dump()
row.meta = form.meta
if form.is_active is not None:
row.is_active = form.is_active
row.next_run_at = next_run_at
row.updated_at = int(time.time_ns())
await db.commit()
await db.refresh(row)
return AutomationModel.model_validate(row)
async def toggle(
self,
id: str,
next_run_at: Optional[int],
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> Optional[AutomationModel]:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
row = await db.get(Automation, id)
if not row:
return None
row.is_active = not row.is_active
row.next_run_at = next_run_at if row.is_active else None
row.updated_at = int(time.time_ns())
await db.commit()
await db.refresh(row)
return AutomationModel.model_validate(row)
async def delete(self, id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> bool:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
row = await db.get(Automation, id)
if not row:
return False
await db.delete(row)
await db.commit()
return True
async def claim_due(self, now_ns: int, limit: int = 10, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> list[AutomationModel]:
"""
Atomically claim due automations for execution.
Advances next_run_at immediately so the row can never be
double-claimed. On PostgreSQL, uses FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
for zero-contention distributed work claiming.
"""
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
stmt = (
select(Automation)
.where(
Automation.is_active == True,
Automation.next_run_at <= now_ns,
)
.order_by(Automation.next_run_at)
.limit(limit)
)
if db.bind.dialect.name == 'postgresql':
stmt = stmt.with_for_update(skip_locked=True)
result = await db.execute(stmt)
rows = result.scalars().all()
from open_webui.utils.automations import next_run_ns
# Batch-fetch user timezones so rescheduling respects each
# user's local timezone instead of falling back to server time.
user_ids = list({row.user_id for row in rows})
timezone_by_user_id: dict[str, Optional[str]] = {}
if user_ids:
from open_webui.models.users import User
tz_result = await db.execute(select(User.id, User.timezone).where(User.id.in_(user_ids)))
timezone_by_user_id = {uid: tz for uid, tz in tz_result.all()}
for row in rows:
row.last_run_at = now_ns
row.next_run_at = next_run_ns(row.data.get('rrule', ''), tz=timezone_by_user_id.get(row.user_id))
await db.commit()
return [AutomationModel.model_validate(r) for r in rows]
####################
# AutomationRunTable
####################
class AutomationRunTable:
async def insert(
self,
automation_id: str,
status: str,
chat_id: Optional[str] = None,
error: Optional[str] = None,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> AutomationRunModel:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
row = AutomationRun(
id=str(uuid4()),
automation_id=automation_id,
chat_id=chat_id,
status=status,
error=error,
created_at=int(time.time_ns()),
)
db.add(row)
await db.commit()
await db.refresh(row)
return AutomationRunModel.model_validate(row)
async def get_latest(self, automation_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> Optional[AutomationRunModel]:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(
select(AutomationRun)
.filter_by(automation_id=automation_id)
.order_by(AutomationRun.created_at.desc())
.limit(1)
)
row = result.scalars().first()
return AutomationRunModel.model_validate(row) if row else None
async def get_latest_batch(
self, automation_ids: list[str], db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None
) -> dict[str, AutomationRunModel]:
"""Fetch the latest run for each automation in a single query."""
if not automation_ids:
return {}
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
# Subquery: max created_at per automation_id
subq = (
select(
AutomationRun.automation_id,
func.max(AutomationRun.created_at).label('max_created'),
)
.filter(AutomationRun.automation_id.in_(automation_ids))
.group_by(AutomationRun.automation_id)
.subquery()
)
result = await db.execute(
select(AutomationRun).join(
subq,
(AutomationRun.automation_id == subq.c.automation_id)
& (AutomationRun.created_at == subq.c.max_created),
)
)
rows = result.scalars().all()
return {row.automation_id: AutomationRunModel.model_validate(row) for row in rows}
async def get_by_automation(
self,
automation_id: str,
skip: int = 0,
limit: int = 50,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> list[AutomationRunModel]:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(
select(AutomationRun)
.filter_by(automation_id=automation_id)
.order_by(AutomationRun.created_at.desc())
.offset(skip)
.limit(limit)
)
rows = result.scalars().all()
return [AutomationRunModel.model_validate(r) for r in rows]
async def delete_by_automation(self, automation_id: str, db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None) -> int:
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(delete(AutomationRun).filter_by(automation_id=automation_id))
await db.commit()
return result.rowcount
async def get_runs_by_user_range(
self,
user_id: str,
start_ns: int,
end_ns: int,
limit: int = 500,
db: Optional[AsyncSession] = None,
) -> list[tuple['AutomationRunModel', 'AutomationModel']]:
"""Get runs within a date range for a user, joined with parent automation."""
async with get_async_db_context(db) as db:
result = await db.execute(
select(AutomationRun, Automation)
.join(Automation, Automation.id == AutomationRun.automation_id)
.filter(
Automation.user_id == user_id,
AutomationRun.created_at >= start_ns,
AutomationRun.created_at < end_ns,
)
.order_by(AutomationRun.created_at.desc())
.limit(limit)
)
return [
(AutomationRunModel.model_validate(run), AutomationModel.model_validate(auto))
for run, auto in result.all()
]
Automations = AutomationTable()
AutomationRuns = AutomationRunTable()
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