"""FastAPI app for browsing and generating musical themes.""" from __future__ import annotations import argparse from contextlib import asynccontextmanager import os import pickle import random import shutil import sqlite3 import subprocess import threading import uuid from pathlib import Path from typing import Literal from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException, Query from fastapi.responses import FileResponse from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles from pydantic import BaseModel, Field from theme_generation.cli import load_generation_inputs from theme_generation.common import COMMON_DURATION_BEATS, PITCH_CLASS, START_SYMBOL, Symbol from theme_generation.constraints import make_theme_acceptor from theme_generation.engines.markov import ( ConstraintSet, LongestFeasiblePolicy, OrderStackModel, prepare_constrained_order_stack, require_vo_regular, ) from theme_generation.engines.transformer import TransformerConfig, generate_transformer from theme_generation.engines.transformer import load_transformer_checkpoint, sample_transformer_checkpoint from theme_generation.io import ensure_muses_import_path, sequence_to_pitches, write_samples ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] DB_PATH = ROOT / "audit" / "themes_audit.sqlite" STATIC_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent / "static" GENERATED_ROOT = ROOT / "outputs" / "web_app_runs" CATALOG_SCORE_CACHE_VERSION = "v2" CATALOG_SCORE_ROOT = GENERATED_ROOT / f"catalog_scores_{CATALOG_SCORE_CACHE_VERSION}" DEFAULT_TRANSFORMER_CHECKPOINT = ROOT / "models" / "theme_transformer_default.pt" MARKOV_CACHE_DIR = ROOT / "models" / "theme_lab_markov_cache" DEFAULT_MARKOV_CACHE = MARKOV_CACHE_DIR / "default.pkl" MARKOV_CACHE_FORMAT_VERSION = 1 MARKOV_PRECOMPUTED_WARM_SAMPLES = 4 SCORE_PREVIEW_RENDER_VERSION = "verovio-resources-accidentals-v3" GENERATED_ROOT.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) CATALOG_SCORE_ROOT.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) _markov_cache_lock = threading.Lock() _markov_cache: dict[tuple[object, ...], dict[str, object]] = {} _transformer_lock = threading.Lock() _transformer_checkpoint = None @asynccontextmanager async def lifespan(_: FastAPI): start_background_warmup() yield app = FastAPI(title="Theme Lab", version="0.1.0", lifespan=lifespan) app.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory=STATIC_DIR), name="static") app.mount("/svgs", StaticFiles(directory=ROOT / "svgs"), name="svgs") app.mount("/midis", StaticFiles(directory=ROOT / "midis"), name="midis") app.mount("/abcs", StaticFiles(directory=ROOT / "abcs"), name="abcs") app.mount("/generated", StaticFiles(directory=GENERATED_ROOT), name="generated") class GenerateRequest(BaseModel): engine: Literal["markov", "transformer"] = "markov" samples: int = Field(2, ge=1, le=12) length: int = Field(24, ge=4, le=64) key: str = "C" seed: int = Field(42, ge=0) endpoint_strength: float = Field(1.0, ge=0.0, le=5.0) min_duration: str = "16th" duration_grid: str = "16th" no_triplets: bool = False loose_triplets: bool = False max_order: int = Field(3, ge=1, le=3) transformer_steps: int = Field(80, ge=10, le=1000) transformer_top_k: int = Field(16, ge=0, le=64) transformer_temperature: float = Field(1.0, ge=0.05, le=2.0) transformer_device: str = "auto" def connect_db() -> sqlite3.Connection: conn = sqlite3.connect(DB_PATH) conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row return conn def clean_key(raw: str | None) -> str | None: if not raw: return None return raw.split("%", 1)[0].strip() def theme_urls(theme_id: str) -> dict[str, str]: return { "svg_url": f"/api/themes/{theme_id}/score.svg?v={CATALOG_SCORE_CACHE_VERSION}", "static_svg_url": f"/svgs/{theme_id}.svg", "midi_url": f"/midis/{theme_id}.mid", "abc_url": f"/abcs/{theme_id}.abc", "notes_url": f"/api/themes/{theme_id}/notes", } def row_to_theme(row: sqlite3.Row) -> dict[str, object]: result = dict(row) result["key_root"] = clean_key(result.get("abc_key")) result.update(theme_urls(result["id"])) return result @app.get("/") def index() -> FileResponse: return FileResponse(STATIC_DIR / "index.html") @app.get("/api/health") def health() -> dict[str, object]: verovio_cli = shutil.which("verovio") is not None verovio_python = has_python_verovio_renderer() verovio_resource_path = None if verovio_python: try: import verovio verovio_resource_path = configure_verovio_resources(verovio) except Exception: verovio_resource_path = None return { "ok": True, "database": DB_PATH.exists(), "verovio": verovio_cli or verovio_python, "verovio_cli": verovio_cli, "verovio_python": verovio_python, "verovio_resource_path": verovio_resource_path, "score_preview_render_version": SCORE_PREVIEW_RENDER_VERSION, "markov_cache_entries": len(_markov_cache), "default_markov_cache": DEFAULT_MARKOV_CACHE.exists(), "transformer_checkpoint": DEFAULT_TRANSFORMER_CHECKPOINT.exists(), "transformer_loaded": _transformer_checkpoint is not None, } @app.get("/api/stats") def stats() -> dict[str, object]: with connect_db() as conn: theme_count = conn.execute("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM themes WHERE parse_error IS NULL").fetchone()[0] note_count = conn.execute("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM notes").fetchone()[0] composers = conn.execute( "SELECT composer, COUNT(*) AS count FROM themes " "WHERE parse_error IS NULL AND composer IS NOT NULL " "GROUP BY composer ORDER BY count DESC, composer LIMIT 24" ).fetchall() keys = conn.execute( "SELECT abc_key, COUNT(*) AS count FROM themes " "WHERE parse_error IS NULL AND abc_key IS NOT NULL " "GROUP BY abc_key ORDER BY count DESC LIMIT 24" ).fetchall() return { "themes": theme_count, "notes": note_count, "top_composers": [dict(row) for row in composers], "top_keys": [{"key": clean_key(row["abc_key"]), "count": row["count"]} for row in keys], } @app.get("/api/composers") def list_composers( q: str = "", limit: int = Query(12, ge=1, le=40), ) -> dict[str, object]: params: list[object] = [] where = ["parse_error IS NULL", "composer IS NOT NULL", "composer != ''"] if q.strip(): words = [word for word in q.strip().split() if word] for word in words: where.append("composer LIKE ?") params.append(f"%{word}%") params.append(limit) sql = f""" SELECT composer, COUNT(*) AS count FROM themes WHERE {' AND '.join(where)} GROUP BY composer ORDER BY CASE WHEN composer LIKE ? THEN 0 ELSE 1 END, count DESC, composer LIMIT ? """ starts_with = f"{q.strip()}%" if q.strip() else "%" query_params = [*params[:-1], starts_with, params[-1]] with connect_db() as conn: rows = conn.execute(sql, query_params).fetchall() return {"items": [dict(row) for row in rows]} @app.get("/api/themes") def list_themes( q: str = "", composer: str = "", key: str = "", limit: int = Query(24, ge=1, le=100), offset: int = Query(0, ge=0), ) -> dict[str, object]: params: list[object] = [] where = ["t.parse_error IS NULL"] rank = "t.id" if q.strip(): words = [word for word in q.strip().split() if word] like_parts = [] for word in words: pattern = f"%{word}%" like_parts.append("(t.title LIKE ? OR t.composer LIKE ? OR d.keywords LIKE ?)") params.extend([pattern, pattern, pattern]) where.append("(" + " AND ".join(like_parts) + ")") rank = "t.composer, t.title" if composer.strip(): where.append("t.composer LIKE ?") params.append(f"%{composer.strip()}%") if key.strip(): where.append("t.abc_key LIKE ?") params.append(f"{key.strip()}%") params.extend([limit, offset]) sql = f""" SELECT t.id, t.title, t.composer, t.abc_key, t.abc_meter, t.note_count, t.active_span_bars, t.pitch_range, d.keywords FROM themes t LEFT JOIN theme_descriptions d ON d.id = t.id WHERE {' AND '.join(where)} ORDER BY {rank} LIMIT ? OFFSET ? """ with connect_db() as conn: rows = conn.execute(sql, params).fetchall() return {"items": [row_to_theme(row) for row in rows], "limit": limit, "offset": offset} @app.get("/api/themes/{theme_id}") def get_theme(theme_id: str) -> dict[str, object]: with connect_db() as conn: row = conn.execute( """ SELECT t.*, d.description, d.keywords FROM themes t LEFT JOIN theme_descriptions d ON d.id = t.id WHERE t.id = ? """, (theme_id,), ).fetchone() if row is None: raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Theme not found") return row_to_theme(row) @app.get("/api/themes/{theme_id}/notes") def theme_notes(theme_id: str) -> dict[str, object]: with connect_db() as conn: theme = conn.execute("SELECT id, title, composer, bpm FROM themes WHERE id = ?", (theme_id,)).fetchone() if theme is None: raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Theme not found") rows = conn.execute( """ SELECT pitch, start_beat, duration_beats, duration_value, velocity FROM notes WHERE theme_id = ? ORDER BY start_tick, note_index """, (theme_id,), ).fetchall() return { "id": theme_id, "title": theme["title"], "composer": theme["composer"], "bpm": theme["bpm"] or 120, "notes": [dict(row) for row in rows], } def catalog_score_paths(theme_id: str) -> tuple[Path, Path]: safe_id = "".join(char for char in theme_id if char.isalnum() or char in ("-", "_")) stem = safe_id or "theme" return CATALOG_SCORE_ROOT / f"{stem}.musicxml", CATALOG_SCORE_ROOT / f"{stem}.svg" def render_catalog_theme_score(theme_id: str) -> Path | None: musicxml_path, svg_path = catalog_score_paths(theme_id) if svg_path.exists(): return svg_path ensure_muses_import_path() try: from muses.base.temporals import Piece, TemporalCollection from muses.io.musicxml import write_musicxml except ImportError: return None with connect_db() as conn: theme = conn.execute( """ SELECT id, title, composer, abc_key, time_signature, abc_meter, tempo_us_per_beat FROM themes WHERE id = ? AND parse_error IS NULL """, (theme_id,), ).fetchone() if theme is None: raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Theme not found") notes = conn.execute( """ SELECT pitch, start_beat, duration_beats, velocity, channel FROM notes WHERE theme_id = ? ORDER BY start_tick, note_index """, (theme_id,), ).fetchall() melody = TemporalCollection(name="theme", instrument="piano", program_change=0) for note in notes: melody.insert_note( int(note["pitch"]), float(note["start_beat"]), float(note["duration_beats"]), velocity=int(note["velocity"]), midi_channel=int(note["channel"]), ) piece = Piece( name=theme["title"] or theme_id, title=f"{theme_id}. {theme['title']}" if theme["title"] else theme_id, composer=theme["composer"] or "", melodies=[melody], time_signature=theme["time_signature"] or theme["abc_meter"] or "4/4", key_signature=clean_key(theme["abc_key"]) or "C", tempo=theme["tempo_us_per_beat"] or 500000, ) try: write_musicxml(piece, musicxml_path, quantization_tolerance=0.1) return render_musicxml_to_svg(musicxml_path) except (RuntimeError, ValueError, OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError): return None @app.get("/api/themes/{theme_id}/score.svg") def theme_score_svg(theme_id: str) -> FileResponse: svg_path = render_catalog_theme_score(theme_id) if svg_path is None: fallback = ROOT / "svgs" / f"{theme_id}.svg" if fallback.exists(): return FileResponse(fallback, media_type="image/svg+xml") raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Theme score not available") return FileResponse(svg_path, media_type="image/svg+xml") def sequence_note_events(sequence: tuple[Symbol, ...], key_name: str) -> list[dict[str, object]]: pitches = sequence_to_pitches(sequence, PITCH_CLASS[key_name]) start = 0.0 events = [] for pitch, symbol in zip(pitches, sequence): duration = COMMON_DURATION_BEATS[symbol.duration] events.append( { "pitch": pitch, "start_beat": start, "duration_beats": duration, "duration_value": symbol.duration, "velocity": 72, } ) start += duration return events def has_verovio_renderer() -> bool: if shutil.which("verovio") is not None: return True return has_python_verovio_renderer() def has_python_verovio_renderer() -> bool: try: import verovio # noqa: F401 except ImportError: return False return True def packaged_verovio_resource_path(verovio_module) -> Path | None: module_file = getattr(verovio_module, "__file__", None) if not module_file: return None data_path = Path(module_file).resolve().parent / "data" if not data_path.exists(): return None required = ["Bravura.xml", "Leipzig.xml"] if not all((data_path / name).exists() for name in required): return None return data_path def configure_verovio_resources(verovio_module, toolkit=None) -> str | None: data_path = packaged_verovio_resource_path(verovio_module) if data_path is None: return None resource_path = str(data_path) try: if hasattr(verovio_module, "setDefaultResourcePath"): verovio_module.setDefaultResourcePath(resource_path) if toolkit is not None and hasattr(toolkit, "setResourcePath"): toolkit.setResourcePath(resource_path) except Exception: return None return resource_path def render_musicxml_with_python_verovio(musicxml_path: Path, svg_path: Path) -> Path | None: try: import verovio configure_verovio_resources(verovio) musicxml_data = musicxml_path.read_text(encoding="utf-8") toolkit = verovio.toolkit() configure_verovio_resources(verovio, toolkit) toolkit.setOptions({"scale": 42}) svg = toolkit.renderData(musicxml_data, {}) if hasattr(toolkit, "renderData") else "" if not svg: loaded = toolkit.loadData(musicxml_data) if hasattr(toolkit, "loadData") else toolkit.loadFile(str(musicxml_path)) if not loaded: return None svg = toolkit.renderToSVG(1) if " Path | None: svg_path = musicxml_path.with_suffix(".svg") python_svg = render_musicxml_with_python_verovio(musicxml_path, svg_path) if python_svg is not None: return python_svg verovio = shutil.which("verovio") if verovio is None: return None try: subprocess.run( [verovio, "-s", "42", "-o", str(svg_path), str(musicxml_path)], cwd=ROOT, check=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, text=True, timeout=20, ) except (subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError): return None return svg_path if svg_path.exists() else None def markov_cache_key(request: GenerateRequest) -> tuple[object, ...]: return ( request.length, request.max_order, request.endpoint_strength, request.min_duration, request.duration_grid, request.no_triplets, request.loose_triplets, ) def cached_markov_backend(request: GenerateRequest, args: argparse.Namespace) -> dict[str, object]: key = markov_cache_key(request) with _markov_cache_lock: cached = _markov_cache.get(key) if cached is not None: return cached require_vo_regular() allowed_durations, sequences, stats_data, priors = load_generation_inputs( args, min_len=max(6, request.max_order + 1), ) start_weights, end_weights = priors model = OrderStackModel.from_sequences( sequences, max_order=request.max_order, start_symbol=START_SYMBOL, ) acceptor = make_theme_acceptor( length=request.length, alphabet=model.alphabet, start_weights=start_weights, end_weights=end_weights, strength=request.endpoint_strength, enforce_triplet_groups=not request.loose_triplets, ) backend = prepare_constrained_order_stack( model, ConstraintSet(regular_acceptors=(acceptor,)), length=request.length, prefix=(START_SYMBOL,), policy=LongestFeasiblePolicy(), ) # vo_regular_bp does expensive lazy work on the first sample. Do it once # while caching the backend instead of making the user's first click pay. backend.sample(rng=random.Random(0)) cached = { "backend": backend, "allowed_durations": allowed_durations, "stats": stats_data, "diagnostics": { "constrained success mass": f"{backend.diagnostics.success_mass:.6g}", "engine": "vo_regular variable-order Markov", "cache": "warm", }, } _markov_cache[key] = cached return cached def default_markov_request() -> GenerateRequest: return GenerateRequest() def load_precomputed_markov_backend(cache_path: Path = DEFAULT_MARKOV_CACHE) -> bool: if not cache_path.exists(): return False request = default_markov_request() key = markov_cache_key(request) try: with cache_path.open("rb") as handle: payload = pickle.load(handle) except (OSError, pickle.PickleError, EOFError, AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError): return False if payload.get("format_version") != MARKOV_CACHE_FORMAT_VERSION or payload.get("key") != key: return False cached = payload.get("cached") if not isinstance(cached, dict) or "backend" not in cached: return False try: for seed in range(MARKOV_PRECOMPUTED_WARM_SAMPLES): cached["backend"].sample(rng=random.Random(seed)) except Exception: return False diagnostics = dict(cached.get("diagnostics", {})) diagnostics["cache"] = "precomputed" cached["diagnostics"] = diagnostics with _markov_cache_lock: _markov_cache[key] = cached return True def write_precomputed_markov_backend(cache_path: Path = DEFAULT_MARKOV_CACHE) -> Path: request = default_markov_request() key = markov_cache_key(request) cached = cached_markov_backend(request, args_from_request(request, GENERATED_ROOT / "_precompute")) payload = { "format_version": MARKOV_CACHE_FORMAT_VERSION, "key": key, "cached": cached, } cache_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) tmp_path = cache_path.with_suffix(".tmp") with tmp_path.open("wb") as handle: pickle.dump(payload, handle, protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL) tmp_path.replace(cache_path) return cache_path def generate_cached_markov(request: GenerateRequest, args: argparse.Namespace): cached = cached_markov_backend(request, args) backend = cached["backend"] rng = random.Random(request.seed) with _markov_cache_lock: generated = [backend.sample(rng=rng) for _ in range(request.samples)] return ( generated, dict(cached["diagnostics"]), cached["stats"], cached["allowed_durations"], ) def warm_default_markov_backend() -> None: request = default_markov_request() try: cached_markov_backend(request, args_from_request(request, GENERATED_ROOT / "_warmup")) except Exception: # Keep startup resilient; /api/generate will return the concrete error. return def load_default_transformer_checkpoint() -> None: global _transformer_checkpoint if not DEFAULT_TRANSFORMER_CHECKPOINT.exists(): return try: checkpoint = load_transformer_checkpoint(DEFAULT_TRANSFORMER_CHECKPOINT, requested_device="auto") except Exception: return with _transformer_lock: _transformer_checkpoint = checkpoint def start_background_warmup() -> None: loaded_precomputed = load_precomputed_markov_backend() if not loaded_precomputed and os.environ.get("THEME_LAB_WARM_MARKOV", "").lower() in {"1", "true", "yes"}: threading.Thread(target=warm_default_markov_backend, daemon=True).start() threading.Thread(target=load_default_transformer_checkpoint, daemon=True).start() def args_from_request(request: GenerateRequest, output_dir: Path) -> argparse.Namespace: return argparse.Namespace( db=DB_PATH, output_dir=output_dir, length=request.length, samples=request.samples, key=request.key, endpoint_strength=request.endpoint_strength, seed=request.seed, min_duration=request.min_duration, duration_grid=request.duration_grid, no_triplets=request.no_triplets, loose_triplets=request.loose_triplets, write_abc=True, write_musicxml=True, max_order=request.max_order, ) @app.post("/api/generate") def generate(request: GenerateRequest) -> dict[str, object]: if request.key not in PITCH_CLASS: raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"Unsupported key {request.key!r}") run_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:12] output_dir = GENERATED_ROOT / run_id output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True) args = args_from_request(request, output_dir) try: if request.engine == "markov": generated, diagnostics, stats_data, allowed_durations = generate_cached_markov(request, args) else: allowed_durations, sequences, stats_data, priors = load_generation_inputs( args, min_len=max(6, TransformerConfig().block_size // 4), ) start_weights, end_weights = priors with _transformer_lock: checkpoint = _transformer_checkpoint if checkpoint is not None: generated, diagnostics = sample_transformer_checkpoint( checkpoint=checkpoint, length=request.length, samples=request.samples, start_weights=start_weights, end_weights=end_weights, endpoint_strength=request.endpoint_strength, enforce_triplet_groups=not request.loose_triplets, seed=request.seed, temperature=request.transformer_temperature, top_k=request.transformer_top_k, max_retries=max(100, request.samples * 30), ) diagnostics["checkpoint mode"] = "pretrained" else: cfg = TransformerConfig( steps=request.transformer_steps, top_k=request.transformer_top_k, temperature=request.transformer_temperature, max_retries=max(100, request.samples * 30), ) generated, diagnostics = generate_transformer( sequences=sequences, length=request.length, samples=request.samples, start_weights=start_weights, end_weights=end_weights, endpoint_strength=request.endpoint_strength, enforce_triplet_groups=not request.loose_triplets, seed=request.seed, cfg=cfg, device=request.transformer_device, ) diagnostics["checkpoint mode"] = "on-demand training" except RuntimeError as exc: raise HTTPException(status_code=503, detail=str(exc)) from exc except ValueError as exc: raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=str(exc)) from exc write_samples( generated, output_dir=output_dir, key_name=request.key, engine_name=f"{request.engine} web", write_abc=True, write_musicxml_files=True, ) samples = [] for index, sequence in enumerate(generated, start=1): stem = f"generated_{index:02d}" musicxml_path = output_dir / f"{stem}.musicxml" notes = sequence_note_events(sequence, request.key) svg_path = render_musicxml_to_svg(musicxml_path) samples.append( { "index": index, "title": f"{request.engine} sample {index:02d}", "relative_pcs": [symbol.rpc for symbol in sequence], "durations": [symbol.duration for symbol in sequence], "notes": notes, "midi_url": f"/generated/{run_id}/{stem}.mid", "abc_url": f"/generated/{run_id}/{stem}.abc", "musicxml_url": f"/generated/{run_id}/{stem}.musicxml", "svg_url": f"/generated/{run_id}/{stem}.svg" if svg_path else None, } ) return { "run_id": run_id, "engine": request.engine, "diagnostics": diagnostics, "stats": { "sequences": stats_data["sequence_count"], "events": stats_data["event_count"], "vocabulary_size": stats_data["vocab_size"], "allowed_durations": sorted(allowed_durations, key=COMMON_DURATION_BEATS.get), }, "samples": samples, } def main() -> None: import uvicorn port = int(os.environ.get("PORT", "7860")) uvicorn.run("apps.theme_lab.app:app", host="0.0.0.0", port=port, reload=False) if __name__ == "__main__": main()