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import pandas as pd
def estimate_inference_cost(model_size_gb, quantization="FP32"):
"""
Estimate inference cost per 1M requests based on model size and quantization.
Args:
model_size_gb: Model size in GB
quantization: Quantization type (FP32, FP16, INT8, INT4, Mixed)
Returns:
dict with cost metrics
"""
# Step 1: Determine GPU tier based on model size
if model_size_gb <= 4:
gpu_name = "T4"
gpu_cost_per_hour = 0.35
throughput_base = 200
elif model_size_gb <= 10:
gpu_name = "V100"
gpu_cost_per_hour = 2.50
throughput_base = 120
elif model_size_gb <= 20:
gpu_name = "A100"
gpu_cost_per_hour = 4.10
throughput_base = 80
else:
num_gpus = int(np.ceil(model_size_gb / 20))
gpu_name = f"A100x{num_gpus}"
gpu_cost_per_hour = 4.10 * num_gpus
throughput_base = 80
# Step 2: Adjust throughput for quantization (quantized models are faster)
quantization_speedup = {
"FP32": 1.0,
"FP16": 1.8,
"INT8": 2.5,
"INT4": 3.5,
"Mixed": 2.0
}
throughput_qps = throughput_base * quantization_speedup.get(quantization, 1.0)
# Step 3: Calculate cost per 1M requests
cost_per_second = gpu_cost_per_hour / 3600
cost_per_inference = cost_per_second / throughput_qps
cost_per_1M = cost_per_inference * 1_000_000
return {
"cost_per_1M": cost_per_1M,
"gpu_tier": gpu_name,
"throughput_qps": throughput_qps,
"gpu_cost_per_hour": gpu_cost_per_hour
}
def estimate_latency(model_size_gb, quantization="FP32"):
"""
Estimate inference latency in milliseconds.
Latency inversely proportional to throughput.
"""
cost_info = estimate_inference_cost(model_size_gb, quantization)
# Latency approximation: 1000ms / QPS (for single request)
latency_ms = 1000.0 / cost_info["throughput_qps"]
return latency_ms
def estimate_memory_footprint(model_size_gb, quantization="FP32"):
"""
Estimate peak memory footprint during inference.
Memory = model size + activation overhead
"""
# Activation overhead typically 20-40% of model size
overhead_factor = 1.3
memory_gb = model_size_gb * overhead_factor
return memory_gb
def estimate_energy_consumption(model_size_gb, quantization="FP32"):
"""
Estimate energy consumption in Watts.
Based on GPU tier and utilization.
"""
cost_info = estimate_inference_cost(model_size_gb, quantization)
# GPU power consumption (TDP)
gpu_power = {
"T4": 70, # 70W
"V100": 250, # 250W
"A100": 400 # 400W
}
# Extract base GPU type
gpu_type = cost_info["gpu_tier"]
if "x" in gpu_type:
# Multiple GPUs
base_type = gpu_type.split("x")[0]
num_gpus = int(gpu_type.split("x")[1])
power = gpu_power.get(base_type, 400) * num_gpus
else:
power = gpu_power.get(gpu_type, 400)
# Assume 70% utilization during inference
power_watts = power * 0.7
return power_watts
def generate_pareto_front_data():
"""Generate mock Pareto front data with all objectives."""
np.random.seed(42)
# Generate many model configurations (100+ points)
num_models = 150
# Create models with various sizes and accuracies
model_sizes = []
accuracies = []
# Generate diverse model configurations
for i in range(num_models):
size = np.random.uniform(2, 35)
# Base accuracy trend: larger models tend to be more accurate
# But with significant variance to create interesting Pareto front
base_acc = 70 + (size / 35) * 20 # 70-90% range
noise = np.random.normal(0, 3) # More variance
acc = np.clip(base_acc + noise, 68, 92)
model_sizes.append(size)
accuracies.append(acc)
# Calculate other objectives for each model
# Use mixed quantization types for diversity
quantization_types = np.random.choice(['FP32', 'FP16', 'INT8', 'INT4'], num_models)
costs = []
throughputs = []
latencies = []
memories = []
energies = []
for i in range(num_models):
quant = quantization_types[i]
size = model_sizes[i]
cost_info = estimate_inference_cost(size, quant)
costs.append(cost_info['cost_per_1M'])
throughputs.append(cost_info['throughput_qps'])
latencies.append(estimate_latency(size, quant))
memories.append(estimate_memory_footprint(size, quant))
energies.append(estimate_energy_consumption(size, quant))
df = pd.DataFrame({
'accuracy': accuracies,
'size': model_sizes,
'cost': costs,
'throughput': throughputs,
'latency': latencies,
'memory': memories,
'energy': energies
})
# Calculate Pareto front for accuracy vs size (default)
# A point is on the Pareto front if no other point dominates it
# (dominates = higher accuracy AND smaller size)
df['is_pareto_accuracy_size'] = False
for i in range(len(df)):
is_dominated = False
for j in range(len(df)):
if i != j:
# Check if point j dominates point i
if (df.iloc[j]['accuracy'] >= df.iloc[i]['accuracy'] and
df.iloc[j]['size'] <= df.iloc[i]['size'] and
(df.iloc[j]['accuracy'] > df.iloc[i]['accuracy'] or
df.iloc[j]['size'] < df.iloc[i]['size'])):
is_dominated = True
break
if not is_dominated:
df.at[i, 'is_pareto_accuracy_size'] = True
return df
def calculate_pareto_front(df, obj1, obj2, obj1_maximize=True, obj2_maximize=False):
"""
Calculate Pareto front for any two objectives.
Args:
df: DataFrame with objective columns
obj1: First objective column name
obj2: Second objective column name
obj1_maximize: True if obj1 should be maximized, False if minimized
obj2_maximize: True if obj2 should be maximized, False if minimized
Returns:
DataFrame with is_pareto column added
"""
df = df.copy()
df['is_pareto'] = False
for i in range(len(df)):
is_dominated = False
for j in range(len(df)):
if i != j:
# Check if point j dominates point i
obj1_better = (df.iloc[j][obj1] >= df.iloc[i][obj1]) if obj1_maximize else (df.iloc[j][obj1] <= df.iloc[i][obj1])
obj2_better = (df.iloc[j][obj2] >= df.iloc[i][obj2]) if obj2_maximize else (df.iloc[j][obj2] <= df.iloc[i][obj2])
obj1_strictly_better = (df.iloc[j][obj1] > df.iloc[i][obj1]) if obj1_maximize else (df.iloc[j][obj1] < df.iloc[i][obj1])
obj2_strictly_better = (df.iloc[j][obj2] > df.iloc[i][obj2]) if obj2_maximize else (df.iloc[j][obj2] < df.iloc[i][obj2])
if obj1_better and obj2_better and (obj1_strictly_better or obj2_strictly_better):
is_dominated = True
break
if not is_dominated:
df.at[i, 'is_pareto'] = True
return df
def generate_optimization_progress(budget_hours=2):
"""Generate mock optimization progress data over time."""
np.random.seed(42)
# Generate time points
num_points = 20
time_points = np.linspace(0, budget_hours, num_points)
# Accuracy starts lower for LLMs and gradually improves
base_accuracy = 75
accuracy_trend = base_accuracy + np.log1p(time_points) * 4
accuracy = [min(acc + np.random.uniform(-0.3, 0.3), 89) for acc in accuracy_trend]
# Model size starts large and decreases (GB for LLMs)
initial_size = 35
size_reduction = initial_size * (1 - 0.70 * (time_points / budget_hours))
model_size = [max(s + np.random.uniform(-0.5, 0.5), 2) for s in size_reduction]
return pd.DataFrame({
'search_time': time_points,
'accuracy': accuracy,
'model_size_gb': model_size
})
def generate_all_objectives_progress(budget_hours=2):
"""Generate progress data for all optimization objectives over time."""
np.random.seed(42)
num_points = 20
time_points = np.linspace(0, budget_hours, num_points)
# Accuracy: starts at 72%, improves to ~85%
base_accuracy = 72
accuracy_trend = base_accuracy + np.log1p(time_points) * 5.5
accuracy = [min(acc + np.random.uniform(-0.3, 0.3), 85.2) for acc in accuracy_trend]
# Model size: starts at 32.5 GB, decreases to ~6.2 GB
initial_size = 32.5
size_reduction = initial_size * (1 - 0.81 * (time_points / budget_hours))
size = [max(s + np.random.uniform(-0.5, 0.5), 6.2) for s in size_reduction]
# Calculate other metrics based on size and quantization progression
# Quantization improves gradually from FP32 -> FP16 -> INT8 -> INT4 over time
# Use a mix to create smoother transitions
quantizations = (
['FP32', 'FP32', 'Mixed', 'Mixed', 'FP16'] +
['FP16', 'FP16', 'Mixed', 'INT8', 'INT8'] +
['INT8', 'INT8', 'Mixed', 'INT4', 'INT4'] +
['INT4', 'INT4', 'INT4', 'INT4', 'INT4']
)
cost = []
throughput = []
latency = []
memory = []
energy = []
for i in range(num_points):
quant = quantizations[i]
model_size = size[i]
cost_info = estimate_inference_cost(model_size, quant)
cost.append(cost_info['cost_per_1M'])
throughput.append(cost_info['throughput_qps'])
# Add slight variation to latency for smoother visualization
base_latency = estimate_latency(model_size, quant)
latency_variation = np.random.uniform(-0.1, 0.1)
latency.append(max(0.1, base_latency * (1 + latency_variation)))
memory.append(estimate_memory_footprint(model_size, quant))
energy.append(estimate_energy_consumption(model_size, quant))
return pd.DataFrame({
'time': time_points,
'accuracy': accuracy,
'size': size,
'cost': cost,
'throughput': throughput,
'latency': latency,
'memory': memory,
'energy': energy
})
def generate_discovered_models():
"""Generate mock discovered models with their specifications (6 Pareto-optimal configs)."""
models = [
{
'name': 'Optimized-7B-Q8',
'params': '7.2B',
'accuracy': 85.2,
'size_gb': 10.2,
'quantization': 'INT8'
},
{
'name': 'Optimized-7B-Q4',
'params': '7.2B',
'accuracy': 83.8,
'size_gb': 6.2,
'quantization': 'INT4'
},
{
'name': 'Optimized-3B-Q8',
'params': '3.5B',
'accuracy': 79.2,
'size_gb': 4.8,
'quantization': 'INT8'
},
{
'name': 'Optimized-7B-FP16',
'params': '7.2B',
'accuracy': 86.5,
'size_gb': 14.4,
'quantization': 'FP16'
},
{
'name': 'Optimized-3B-Q4',
'params': '3.5B',
'accuracy': 77.8,
'size_gb': 2.4,
'quantization': 'INT4'
},
{
'name': 'Optimized-7B-Mixed',
'params': '7.2B',
'accuracy': 84.6,
'size_gb': 8.5,
'quantization': 'Mixed'
}
]
return models
def get_base_models():
"""Get list of available base LLM models (recent, single-GPU optimizable)."""
return [
"Llama 3.2 3B Instruct",
"Llama 3.1 8B Instruct",
"Mistral 7B v0.3",
"Phi-3.5 Mini (3.8B)",
"Qwen2.5 3B Instruct",
"Qwen2.5 7B Instruct",
"Gemma 2 2B",
"Gemma 2 9B",
"Yi 1.5 9B",
"StableLM 2 1.6B"
]
def get_target_hardware():
"""Get list of target hardware platforms for LLM deployment."""
return {
"NVIDIA Datacenter": [
"H100 (80GB)",
"A100 (80GB)",
"A100 (40GB)",
"L40S (48GB)",
"A10 (24GB)"
],
"NVIDIA Workstation/Consumer": [
"RTX 4090 (24GB)",
"RTX 4080 (16GB)",
"RTX 3090 (24GB)",
"RTX 3080 Ti (12GB)"
],
"AMD Datacenter": [
"MI300X (192GB)",
"MI250X (128GB)",
"MI210 (64GB)"
],
"AMD Consumer": [
"RX 7900 XTX (24GB)",
"RX 7900 XT (20GB)"
],
"Edge Hardware": [
"Jetson AGX Orin (64GB)",
"Jetson Orin NX (16GB)",
"Jetson Orin Nano (8GB)",
"Apple M2 Ultra (192GB)"
]
}
def get_hardware_specs(hardware_name):
"""Get specifications for a given hardware platform."""
# Parse hardware name to extract key info
hardware_specs = {
# NVIDIA Datacenter
"H100 (80GB)": {"vram": 80, "compute": "Hopper", "tflops": 1979, "category": "datacenter"},
"A100 (80GB)": {"vram": 80, "compute": "Ampere", "tflops": 312, "category": "datacenter"},
"A100 (40GB)": {"vram": 40, "compute": "Ampere", "tflops": 312, "category": "datacenter"},
"L40S (48GB)": {"vram": 48, "compute": "Ada Lovelace", "tflops": 362, "category": "datacenter"},
"A10 (24GB)": {"vram": 24, "compute": "Ampere", "tflops": 125, "category": "datacenter"},
# NVIDIA Workstation/Consumer
"RTX 4090 (24GB)": {"vram": 24, "compute": "Ada Lovelace", "tflops": 83, "category": "consumer"},
"RTX 4080 (16GB)": {"vram": 16, "compute": "Ada Lovelace", "tflops": 49, "category": "consumer"},
"RTX 3090 (24GB)": {"vram": 24, "compute": "Ampere", "tflops": 36, "category": "consumer"},
"RTX 3080 Ti (12GB)": {"vram": 12, "compute": "Ampere", "tflops": 34, "category": "consumer"},
# AMD
"MI300X (192GB)": {"vram": 192, "compute": "CDNA 3", "tflops": 1307, "category": "datacenter"},
"MI250X (128GB)": {"vram": 128, "compute": "CDNA 2", "tflops": 383, "category": "datacenter"},
"MI210 (64GB)": {"vram": 64, "compute": "CDNA 2", "tflops": 181, "category": "datacenter"},
"RX 7900 XTX (24GB)": {"vram": 24, "compute": "RDNA 3", "tflops": 61, "category": "consumer"},
"RX 7900 XT (20GB)": {"vram": 20, "compute": "RDNA 3", "tflops": 51, "category": "consumer"},
# Edge
"Jetson AGX Orin (64GB)": {"vram": 64, "compute": "Ampere", "tops": 275, "category": "edge"},
"Jetson Orin NX (16GB)": {"vram": 16, "compute": "Ampere", "tops": 100, "category": "edge"},
"Jetson Orin Nano (8GB)": {"vram": 8, "compute": "Ampere", "tops": 40, "category": "edge"},
"Apple M2 Ultra (192GB)": {"vram": 192, "compute": "ARM", "tflops": 28, "category": "edge"}
}
return hardware_specs.get(hardware_name, {"vram": 24, "compute": "Unknown", "category": "unknown"})
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