""" Data validation utilities """ from typing import Optional def safe_divide(numerator: float, denominator: float, default: float = 0.0) -> float: """ Safely divide two numbers, returning default if denominator is zero Args: numerator: Number to divide denominator: Number to divide by default: Default value if division by zero Returns: Result of division or default value """ return numerator / denominator if denominator != 0 else default def calculate_percentage(part: float, whole: float) -> float: """ Calculate percentage with safe division Args: part: Part value whole: Whole value Returns: Percentage (0-100) """ return safe_divide(part * 100, whole, 0.0)