"""
Mycelium Map — A whimsical mushroom-foraging companion.

This Gradio app accepts a ZIP code, finds nearby public lands suitable for
foraging using free OpenStreetMap services, and uses the Gemini API to
generate location-specific mushroom predictions.

Architecture:
  - Geocoding: Zippopotam.us (free, no API key, no rate limit)
                with Nominatim as a fallback
  - Public lands: Overpass API (free, no API key)
  - Mushroom intelligence: Google Gemini 2.5 Flash (free tier)
  - Map rendering: Folium (Leaflet under the hood) with OpenStreetMap tiles
  - UI: Gradio with custom earthy CSS

The Gemini API key is read from the GEMINI_API_KEY environment variable,
which on Hugging Face Spaces is set via Settings → Variables and Secrets.
"""

import os
import json
import calendar
from datetime import datetime
import requests
import folium
import gradio as gr
from google import genai
from google.genai import types

# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Configuration
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

GEMINI_API_KEY = os.environ.get("GEMINI_API_KEY", "")
ZIPPOPOTAM_URL = "https://api.zippopotam.us"
NOMINATIM_URL = "https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search"
OVERPASS_URL = "https://overpass-api.de/api/interpreter"

# Polite User-Agent — required by Nominatim's usage policy and good citizenship
# in general.
USER_AGENT = "MyceliumMap/1.0 (educational mushroom foraging app)"

# Gemini client is created lazily so the app can still load if the key is missing
# (we want to show a friendly message instead of crashing on startup).
_gemini_client = None


def get_gemini_client():
    """Lazy-initialize the Gemini client. Raises if no key is configured."""
    global _gemini_client
    if _gemini_client is None:
        if not GEMINI_API_KEY:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "GEMINI_API_KEY is not set. On Hugging Face Spaces, add it "
                "under Settings → Variables and Secrets."
            )
        _gemini_client = genai.Client(api_key=GEMINI_API_KEY)
    return _gemini_client


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 1: Geocode the ZIP code
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# We previously used Nominatim, but Hugging Face Spaces share outbound IPs
# across many tenants, so the public Nominatim server constantly returns
# 429 "Too many requests" — the per-IP rate limit is consumed by other
# Spaces, not us. Switching to Zippopotam.us (no key, no rate limit) and
# keeping Nominatim as a fallback for resilience.
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def geocode_zip(zip_code: str, country: str = "us"):
    """Convert a ZIP/postal code into (lat, lng, display_name).

    Tries Zippopotam.us first (free, no key, no rate limit) and falls back
    to Nominatim if that fails. Returns None if both fail.
    """
    zip_code = zip_code.strip()

    # ----- Primary: Zippopotam.us -----
    try:
        url = f"{ZIPPOPOTAM_URL}/{country.lower()}/{zip_code}"
        resp = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
        if resp.status_code == 200:
            data = resp.json()
            places = data.get("places", [])
            if places:
                p = places[0]
                lat = float(p["latitude"])
                lng = float(p["longitude"])
                display = (
                    f"{p.get('place name', zip_code)}, "
                    f"{p.get('state abbreviation', '')} {zip_code}"
                ).strip(", ")
                return lat, lng, display
        # 404 means the ZIP isn't in Zippopotam's data — fall through to Nominatim.
    except Exception:
        # Network error, JSON error, etc. — fall through.
        pass

    # ----- Fallback: Nominatim -----
    try:
        params = {
            "postalcode": zip_code,
            "country": country,
            "format": "json",
            "limit": 1,
        }
        headers = {"User-Agent": USER_AGENT}
        resp = requests.get(NOMINATIM_URL, params=params, headers=headers, timeout=15)
        if resp.status_code == 200:
            results = resp.json()
            if results:
                hit = results[0]
                return (
                    float(hit["lat"]),
                    float(hit["lon"]),
                    hit.get("display_name", zip_code),
                )
    except Exception:
        pass

    return None


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 2: Find public lands via Overpass API
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def find_public_lands(lat: float, lng: float, radius_miles: float):
    """Query Overpass for parks, forests, and protected areas near the user.

    Returns a list of dicts with name, lat, lng, and OSM tags. We dedupe by
    name since Overpass often returns the same protected area as both a node
    and a way.
    """
    radius_m = int(radius_miles * 1609.34)

    # This Overpass query asks for any node, way, or relation with tags that
    # suggest public natural land. We cast a wide net and let Gemini help
    # interpret the results downstream.
    query = f"""
    [out:json][timeout:25];
    (
      nwr["leisure"="nature_reserve"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
      nwr["leisure"="park"]["operator"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
      nwr["boundary"="national_park"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
      nwr["boundary"="protected_area"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
      nwr["landuse"="forest"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
      nwr["natural"="wood"]["name"](around:{radius_m},{lat},{lng});
    );
    out center tags 50;
    """
    response = requests.post(OVERPASS_URL, data={"data": query}, headers={"User-Agent": USER_AGENT}, timeout=40)
    response.raise_for_status()
    data = response.json()

    seen_names = set()
    locations = []
    for el in data.get("elements", []):
        tags = el.get("tags", {})
        name = tags.get("name")
        if not name or name in seen_names:
            continue
        seen_names.add(name)

        # Get coordinates (nodes have lat/lon directly; ways/relations have center).
        if "lat" in el and "lon" in el:
            loc_lat, loc_lng = el["lat"], el["lon"]
        elif "center" in el:
            loc_lat, loc_lng = el["center"]["lat"], el["center"]["lon"]
        else:
            continue

        locations.append({
            "name": name,
            "lat": loc_lat,
            "lng": loc_lng,
            "tags": tags,
        })

    # Limit to a reasonable number so we don't blow our Gemini quota.
    return locations[:8]


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 3: Ask Gemini for mushroom predictions
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

MUSHROOM_PROMPT_TEMPLATE = """You are a knowledgeable but cautious mycology guide writing
brief foraging notes for an educational app. The user is near {place_name} and is
exploring public lands for {month} foraging.

For each location below, return a JSON object describing the likely habitat and
3 to 6 mushroom species that could plausibly fruit there in {month} given the
region (latitude {lat:.2f}, longitude {lng:.2f}, ecoregion inferred from coordinates).

LOCATIONS:
{locations_json}

Return ONLY valid JSON in this exact shape, no prose, no markdown fences:
{{
  "locations": [
    {{
      "name": "<location name>",
      "habitat_summary": "<one sentence on dominant trees / habitat type>",
      "mushrooms": [
        {{
          "common_name": "<name>",
          "scientific_name": "<Genus species>",
          "edibility": "choice edible | edible | inedible | toxic | deadly",
          "fruiting_window": "<e.g., 'April-May'>",
          "lookalike_warning": "<short warning or 'no major lookalikes'>"
        }}
      ],
      "best_visit_advice": "<one sentence>"
    }}
  ]
}}

Be honest about uncertainty. If a location is unlikely to host foraging mushrooms
(urban park with mowed lawns, etc.), say so in habitat_summary and return an empty
mushrooms array. NEVER recommend eating without expert ID."""


def get_mushroom_predictions(locations, place_name, lat, lng, month):
    """Send locations to Gemini and parse the structured response."""
    if not locations:
        return []

    client = get_gemini_client()

    # Strip the OSM tags before sending — the names and coords are enough,
    # and we don't want to waste tokens on raw OSM metadata.
    slim_locations = [
        {"name": loc["name"], "lat": loc["lat"], "lng": loc["lng"]}
        for loc in locations
    ]

    prompt = MUSHROOM_PROMPT_TEMPLATE.format(
        place_name=place_name,
        month=month,
        lat=lat,
        lng=lng,
        locations_json=json.dumps(slim_locations, indent=2),
    )

    response = client.models.generate_content(
        model="gemini-2.5-flash",
        contents=prompt,
        config=types.GenerateContentConfig(
            temperature=0.7,
            response_mime_type="application/json",
        ),
    )

    try:
        parsed = json.loads(response.text)
        return parsed.get("locations", [])
    except json.JSONDecodeError:
        # If Gemini returns malformed JSON, return what we can salvage.
        return []


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Step 4: Build the map and result cards
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def build_map(center_lat, center_lng, locations, predictions):
    """Build a Folium map with mushroom-themed markers."""
    fmap = folium.Map(
        location=[center_lat, center_lng],
        zoom_start=10,
        tiles="OpenStreetMap",
    )

    # Center marker (the user's ZIP).
    folium.Marker(
        [center_lat, center_lng],
        popup="You are here 🌲",
        icon=folium.Icon(color="green", icon="home"),
    ).add_to(fmap)

    # Build a quick lookup so we can attach mushroom info to map popups.
    pred_by_name = {p["name"]: p for p in predictions}

    for loc in locations:
        pred = pred_by_name.get(loc["name"], {})
        habitat = pred.get("habitat_summary", "Habitat info unavailable.")
        mushrooms = pred.get("mushrooms", [])
        species_html = "<br>".join(
            f"• <i>{m.get('common_name', '?')}</i>" for m in mushrooms[:5]
        ) or "<i>No likely species this month.</i>"

        popup_html = f"""
        <div style='font-family: serif; max-width: 260px;'>
          <b>{loc['name']}</b><br>
          <small>{habitat}</small><br><br>
          {species_html}
        </div>
        """
        folium.Marker(
            [loc["lat"], loc["lng"]],
            popup=folium.Popup(popup_html, max_width=300),
            icon=folium.Icon(color="darkgreen", icon="leaf", prefix="fa"),
        ).add_to(fmap)

    return fmap._repr_html_()


def build_result_cards(predictions):
    """Build HTML cards for each location's foraging brief."""
    if not predictions:
        return (
            "<div class='no-results'>"
            "<p>The forest is quiet here. Try expanding your search radius "
            "or checking back in a different season.</p></div>"
        )

    cards = []
    edibility_colors = {
        "choice edible": "#7a8b3a",
        "edible": "#9aab5a",
        "inedible": "#8a7a5a",
        "toxic": "#a0522d",
        "deadly": "#8b2500",
    }

    for pred in predictions:
        mushrooms_html = ""
        for m in pred.get("mushrooms", []):
            edibility = m.get("edibility", "unknown").lower()
            color = edibility_colors.get(edibility, "#8a7a5a")
            mushrooms_html += f"""
            <div class='mushroom-entry'>
              <div class='mushroom-header'>
                <span class='mushroom-name'>{m.get('common_name', '?')}</span>
                <span class='mushroom-sci'><i>{m.get('scientific_name', '')}</i></span>
              </div>
              <div class='mushroom-meta'>
                <span class='edibility-pill' style='background:{color}'>{edibility}</span>
                <span class='fruiting-window'>{m.get('fruiting_window', '')}</span>
              </div>
              <div class='mushroom-warning'>⚠ {m.get('lookalike_warning', '')}</div>
            </div>
            """

        if not mushrooms_html:
            mushrooms_html = "<p class='no-mushrooms'>No likely species for this season.</p>"

        cards.append(f"""
        <div class='location-card'>
          <h3 class='location-name'>🍄 {pred.get('name', 'Unknown')}</h3>
          <p class='habitat'>{pred.get('habitat_summary', '')}</p>
          <div class='mushroom-list'>{mushrooms_html}</div>
          <p class='visit-advice'><b>The forest suggests:</b> {pred.get('best_visit_advice', '')}</p>
        </div>
        """)

    return "<div class='cards-container'>" + "".join(cards) + "</div>"


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main handler — orchestrates the whole flow
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

def find_mushroom_spots(zip_code, radius_miles, month_name):
    """The main function wired up to the Gradio button."""
    if not zip_code or not zip_code.strip():
        return (
            "<p class='error'>Please enter a ZIP code to begin wandering.</p>",
            "",
        )

    if not GEMINI_API_KEY:
        return (
            "<p class='error'>This Space is missing its GEMINI_API_KEY secret. "
            "If you're the owner, add one in Settings → Variables and Secrets.</p>",
            "",
        )

    # 1. Geocode
    try:
        geo = geocode_zip(zip_code)
    except Exception as e:
        return f"<p class='error'>Couldn't reach the geocoder: {e}</p>", ""
    if not geo:
        return f"<p class='error'>Couldn't find ZIP {zip_code}. Try another?</p>", ""
    lat, lng, place_name = geo

    # 2. Find public lands
    try:
        locations = find_public_lands(lat, lng, radius_miles)
    except Exception as e:
        return f"<p class='error'>Couldn't reach Overpass: {e}</p>", ""

    if not locations:
        map_html = build_map(lat, lng, [], [])
        cards_html = (
            "<div class='no-results'>"
            "<p>No public lands found within that radius. Try expanding it, "
            "or perhaps wander somewhere wilder.</p></div>"
        )
        return cards_html, map_html

    # 3. Ask Gemini for mushroom predictions
    try:
        predictions = get_mushroom_predictions(locations, place_name, lat, lng, month_name)
    except Exception as e:
        return f"<p class='error'>The mycelium is tangled: {e}</p>", ""

    # 4. Build the response
    map_html = build_map(lat, lng, locations, predictions)
    cards_html = build_result_cards(predictions)
    return cards_html, map_html


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Custom CSS — earthy, mossy, whimsical
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

CUSTOM_CSS = """
/* Background — parchment with a subtle paper texture via SVG noise */
.gradio-container {
    background: #f4ead5 !important;
    background-image:
        radial-gradient(at 20% 30%, rgba(122, 139, 58, 0.08) 0%, transparent 50%),
        radial-gradient(at 80% 70%, rgba(160, 82, 45, 0.06) 0%, transparent 50%),
        url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg viewBox='0 0 200 200' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cfilter id='n'%3E%3CfeTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.85' numOctaves='2'/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 0.4 0 0 0 0 0.3 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0.04 0'/%3E%3C/filter%3E%3Crect width='100%25' height='100%25' filter='url(%23n)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") !important;
    font-family: 'Lora', Georgia, serif !important;
    color: #3a2f1f !important;
}

/* Header */
.app-header {
    text-align: center;
    padding: 1.5rem 1rem 0.5rem 1rem;
}
.app-title {
    font-family: 'Fraunces', 'DM Serif Display', Georgia, serif;
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #3d4a1a;
    margin: 0;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 rgba(255, 250, 230, 0.5);
}
.app-tagline {
    font-style: italic;
    color: #6b5d3f;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin: 0.25rem 0 0 0;
}

/* Input panel — looks like an aged label */
.input-panel {
    background: rgba(255, 248, 225, 0.7) !important;
    border: 2px solid #8a7a5a !important;
    border-radius: 6px !important;
    padding: 1.25rem !important;
    box-shadow: 2px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) !important;
}

/* Buttons */
button.primary, button[variant="primary"] {
    background: #3d4a1a !important;
    color: #f4ead5 !important;
    font-family: 'Fraunces', serif !important;
    font-size: 1.05rem !important;
    border: none !important;
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    padding: 0.6rem 1.2rem !important;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em !important;
    transition: all 0.2s !important;
}
button.primary:hover, button[variant="primary"]:hover {
    background: #2d3a0a !important;
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    box-shadow: 0 3px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important;
}

/* Result cards */
.cards-container {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 0.5rem;
}
.location-card {
    background: rgba(255, 250, 235, 0.85);
    border: 1px solid #8a7a5a;
    border-left: 5px solid #7a8b3a;
    border-radius: 4px;
    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
    box-shadow: 1px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}
.location-name {
    font-family: 'Fraunces', serif;
    color: #3d4a1a;
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}
.habitat {
    color: #5a4a30;
    font-style: italic;
    margin: 0 0 0.75rem 0;
    line-height: 1.4;
}
.mushroom-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    margin: 0.75rem 0;
}
.mushroom-entry {
    background: rgba(244, 234, 213, 0.4);
    border-left: 3px solid #a0522d;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
    border-radius: 2px;
}
.mushroom-header {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    align-items: baseline;
}
.mushroom-name {
    font-weight: 600;
    color: #3a2f1f;
}
.mushroom-sci {
    color: #6b5d3f;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.mushroom-meta {
    margin: 0.25rem 0;
    display: flex;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.edibility-pill {
    color: #f4ead5;
    padding: 0.15rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 10px;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}
.fruiting-window {
    color: #6b5d3f;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-style: italic;
}
.mushroom-warning {
    color: #8b4513;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
.visit-advice {
    color: #3d4a1a;
    margin: 0.75rem 0 0 0;
    padding-top: 0.5rem;
    border-top: 1px dashed #c7b88f;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.no-results, .no-mushrooms {
    text-align: center;
    color: #6b5d3f;
    font-style: italic;
    padding: 1rem;
}

.error {
    background: rgba(160, 82, 45, 0.15);
    border-left: 4px solid #a0522d;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 2px;
    color: #5a2500;
}

/* Map container styling */
iframe {
    border-radius: 4px !important;
    border: 2px solid #8a7a5a !important;
    box-shadow: 2px 3px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05) !important;
}

/* Subtle warm filter on the map tiles to match the palette */
.folium-map {
    filter: sepia(0.15) saturate(0.9) brightness(0.98);
}

/* Disclaimer footer */
.disclaimer {
    background: rgba(139, 69, 19, 0.1);
    border: 1px dashed #8b4513;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    color: #5a2500;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}
.disclaimer b {
    color: #8b2500;
}
"""


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Gradio interface
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Pull in Google Fonts and build the header HTML.
HEADER_HTML = """
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Fraunces:wght@400;500;600&family=Lora:wght@400;500&display=swap" rel="stylesheet">
<div class="app-header">
  <h1 class="app-title">🍄 Mycelium Map</h1>
  <p class="app-tagline">A whimsical companion for the curious forager</p>
</div>
"""

DISCLAIMER_HTML = """
<div class="disclaimer">
  <b>⚠ Forager's Oath:</b> Never eat any wild mushroom without 100% positive identification
  by an expert mycologist. This app is educational only. Many edible species have deadly
  lookalikes. When in doubt, leave it on the forest floor.
</div>
"""

# Pre-compute the month list so we always start on the current month.
MONTHS = [calendar.month_name[i] for i in range(1, 13)]
CURRENT_MONTH = calendar.month_name[datetime.now().month]

with gr.Blocks(css=CUSTOM_CSS, title="Mycelium Map") as demo:
    gr.HTML(HEADER_HTML)

    with gr.Row():
        with gr.Column(scale=1, elem_classes=["input-panel"]):
            gr.Markdown("### Where shall we wander?")
            zip_input = gr.Textbox(
                label="Your ZIP code",
                placeholder="e.g., 62035",
                value="",
            )
            radius_input = gr.Slider(
                label="Search radius (miles)",
                minimum=5,
                maximum=50,
                value=15,
                step=5,
            )
            month_input = gr.Dropdown(
                label="Month of the hunt",
                choices=MONTHS,
                value=CURRENT_MONTH,
            )
            search_button = gr.Button(
                "Follow the mycelium →",
                variant="primary",
            )

        with gr.Column(scale=2):
            map_output = gr.HTML(label="The land")

    gr.Markdown("### The forest suggests…")
    cards_output = gr.HTML()

    gr.HTML(DISCLAIMER_HTML)

    search_button.click(
        fn=find_mushroom_spots,
        inputs=[zip_input, radius_input, month_input],
        outputs=[cards_output, map_output],
    )


if __name__ == "__main__":
    demo.launch()