import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn import svm
from sklearn.covariance import EllipticEnvelope
from sklearn.ensemble import IsolationForest
from sklearn.neighbors import LocalOutlierFactor
from sklearn.linear_model import SGDOneClassSVM
from sklearn.kernel_approximation import Nystroem
from sklearn.pipeline import make_pipeline
from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs, make_moons
import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd  # Needed for dataframe operations
import time

# Helper function to prepare data
def prepare_data(input_data, n_samples, outliers_fraction):
    n_outliers = int(outliers_fraction * n_samples)
    n_inliers = n_samples - n_outliers
    blobs_params = dict(random_state=0, n_samples=n_inliers, n_features=2)

    DATA_MAPPING = {
        "Central Blob": make_blobs(centers=[[0, 0], [0, 0]], cluster_std=0.5, **blobs_params)[0],
        "Two Blobs": make_blobs(centers=[[2, 2], [-2, -2]], cluster_std=[0.5, 0.5], **blobs_params)[0],
        "Blob with Noise": make_blobs(centers=[[2, 2], [-2, -2]], cluster_std=[1.5, 0.3], **blobs_params)[0],
        "Moons": 4.0 * (make_moons(n_samples=n_samples, noise=0.05, random_state=0)[0] - np.array([0.5, 0.25])),
        "Noise": 14.0 * (np.random.RandomState(42).rand(n_samples, 2) - 0.5),
    }
    
    X = DATA_MAPPING[input_data]
    rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
    X = np.concatenate([X, rng.uniform(low=-6, high=6, size=(n_outliers, 2))], axis=0)
    return X

# Function to train models and generate plots
def train_models(input_data, outliers_fraction, n_samples, clf_name):
    X = prepare_data(input_data, n_samples, outliers_fraction)

    # Define classifiers
    NAME_CLF_MAPPING = {
        "Robust covariance": EllipticEnvelope(contamination=outliers_fraction),
        "One-Class SVM": svm.OneClassSVM(nu=outliers_fraction, kernel="rbf", gamma=0.1),
        "One-Class SVM (SGD)": make_pipeline(
            Nystroem(gamma=0.1, random_state=42, n_components=150),
            SGDOneClassSVM(
                nu=outliers_fraction,
                shuffle=True,
                fit_intercept=True,
                random_state=42,
                tol=1e-6,
            ),
        ),
        "Isolation Forest": IsolationForest(contamination=outliers_fraction, random_state=42),
        "Local Outlier Factor": LocalOutlierFactor(n_neighbors=35, contamination=outliers_fraction),
    }

    clf = NAME_CLF_MAPPING[clf_name]
    xx, yy = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(-7, 7, 150), np.linspace(-7, 7, 150))

    t0 = time.time()
    if clf_name == "Local Outlier Factor":
        y_pred = clf.fit_predict(X)
    else:
        clf.fit(X)
        y_pred = clf.predict(X)
    t1 = time.time()

    # Plotting
    plt.figure(figsize=(5, 5))
    if clf_name != "Local Outlier Factor":
        Z = clf.predict(np.c_[xx.ravel(), yy.ravel()])
        Z = Z.reshape(xx.shape)
        plt.contour(xx, yy, Z, levels=[0], linewidths=2, colors="black")

    colors = np.array(["#377eb8", "#ff7f00"])
    plt.scatter(X[:, 0], X[:, 1], s=30, color=colors[(y_pred + 1) // 2])
    plt.title(f"{clf_name} ({t1 - t0:.2f}s)")
    plt.xlim(-7, 7)
    plt.ylim(-7, 7)
    plt.xticks(())
    plt.yticks(())
    return plt.gcf()

# Function to simulate anomaly samples
def get_anomaly_samples():
    # Simulated dataframe
    data = {
        "Anomaly_Score": np.random.random(100),
        "Anomaly_Label": np.random.choice(["Anomaly", "Normal"], size=100, p=[0.2, 0.8]),
    }
    df = pd.DataFrame(data)

    # Top 10 anomalies
    top_10 = df.sort_values("Anomaly_Score", ascending=False).head(10)

    # Middle 10
    middle = df.iloc[len(df) // 2 - 5 : len(df) // 2 + 5]

    # Bottom 10 normals
    bottom_10 = df[df["Anomaly_Label"] == "Normal"].tail(10)

    return top_10, middle, bottom_10

# Gradio Interface
with gr.Blocks() as demo:
    # App Title and Description
    gr.Markdown("## 🕵️‍♀️ Anomaly Detection App 🕵️‍♂️")
    gr.Markdown("Explore anomaly detection models, feature interactions, and anomaly examples.")

    # Anomaly Detection Comparison
    gr.Markdown("### 1. Compare Anomaly Detection Algorithms")
    input_data = gr.Radio(
        choices=["Central Blob", "Two Blobs", "Blob with Noise", "Moons", "Noise"],
        value="Moons",
        label="Dataset"
    )
    n_samples = gr.Slider(minimum=10, maximum=10000, step=25, value=500, label="Number of Samples")
    outliers_fraction = gr.Slider(minimum=0.001, maximum=0.999, step=0.1, value=0.2, label="Fraction of Outliers")

    input_models = ["Robust covariance", "One-Class SVM", "One-Class SVM (SGD)", "Isolation Forest", "Local Outlier Factor"]
    plots = []
    with gr.Row():
        for model_name in input_models:
            plot = gr.Plot(label=model_name)
            plots.append((model_name, plot))

    def update_anomaly_comparison(input_data, outliers_fraction, n_samples):
        results = []
        for clf_name, plot in plots:
            fig = train_models(input_data, outliers_fraction, n_samples, clf_name)
            results.append(fig)
        return results

    anomaly_inputs = [input_data, outliers_fraction, n_samples]
    anomaly_outputs = [plot for _, plot in plots]
    input_data.change(fn=update_anomaly_comparison, inputs=anomaly_inputs, outputs=anomaly_outputs)
    n_samples.change(fn=update_anomaly_comparison, inputs=anomaly_inputs, outputs=anomaly_outputs)
    outliers_fraction.change(fn=update_anomaly_comparison, inputs=anomaly_inputs, outputs=anomaly_outputs)

    # Anomaly Samples Tab
    with gr.Tab("Anomaly Samples"):
        gr.Markdown("### Example Anomaly Records")
        top_table = gr.Dataframe(label="Top 10 Anomalies")
        middle_table = gr.Dataframe(label="Middle 10 Records")
        bottom_table = gr.Dataframe(label="Bottom 10 Normals")
        anomaly_samples_button = gr.Button("Show Anomaly Samples")

        anomaly_samples_button.click(
            fn=get_anomaly_samples, 
            outputs=[top_table, middle_table, bottom_table]
        )

demo.launch(debug=True)