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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Gradio 應用程式:進階數據可視化工具
作者:Gemini
版本:1.0 (分段提供 - Part 1)
描述:此部分包含套件導入、常數定義、輔助函數和 CSS 樣式。
"""
# =========================================
# == 套件導入 (Import Libraries) ==
# =========================================
import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import io
import base64
from PIL import Image
# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Matplotlib/Seaborn 在此版本中未使用,暫時註解
# import seaborn as sns # Matplotlib/Seaborn 在此版本中未使用,暫時註解
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots
import re
import json
import colorsys
import traceback # 用於更詳細的錯誤追蹤
# =========================================
# == 常數定義 (Constants) ==
# =========================================
# 圖表類型選項 (Chart Type Options)
# 擴展並稍微調整順序以符合常見用法
CHART_TYPES = [
# --- 長條圖系列 ---
"長條圖", "堆疊長條圖", "百分比堆疊長條圖", "群組長條圖", "水平長條圖",
# --- 折線圖系列 ---
"折線圖", "多重折線圖", "階梯折線圖",
# --- 區域圖系列 ---
"區域圖", "堆疊區域圖", "百分比堆疊區域圖",
# --- 圓形圖系列 ---
"圓餅圖", "環形圖",
# --- 散佈圖系列 ---
"散點圖", "氣泡圖",
# --- 分佈圖系列 ---
"直方圖", "箱型圖", "小提琴圖",
# --- 關係圖系列 ---
"熱力圖", "樹狀圖",
# --- 其他圖表 ---
"雷達圖", "漏斗圖", "極座標圖", "甘特圖"
]
# 顏色方案選項 (Color Scheme Options)
# 增加更多 Plotly 內建方案並分類
COLOR_SCHEMES = {
"預設 (Plotly)": px.colors.qualitative.Plotly,
"分類 - D3": px.colors.qualitative.D3,
"分類 - G10": px.colors.qualitative.G10,
"分類 - T10": px.colors.qualitative.T10,
"分類 - Alphabet": px.colors.qualitative.Alphabet,
"分類 - Dark24": px.colors.qualitative.Dark24,
"分類 - Light24": px.colors.qualitative.Light24,
"分類 - Set1": px.colors.qualitative.Set1,
"分類 - Set2": px.colors.qualitative.Set2,
"分類 - Set3": px.colors.qualitative.Set3,
"分類 - Pastel": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel,
"分類 - Pastel1": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel1,
"分類 - Pastel2": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel2,
"分類 - Antique": px.colors.qualitative.Antique,
"分類 - Bold": px.colors.qualitative.Bold,
"分類 - Prism": px.colors.qualitative.Prism,
"分類 - Safe": px.colors.qualitative.Safe,
"分類 - Vivid": px.colors.qualitative.Vivid,
"連續 - Viridis": px.colors.sequential.Viridis,
"連續 - Plasma": px.colors.sequential.Plasma,
"連續 - Inferno": px.colors.sequential.Inferno,
"連續 - Magma": px.colors.sequential.Magma,
"連續 - Cividis": px.colors.sequential.Cividis,
"連續 - Blues": px.colors.sequential.Blues,
"連續 - Reds": px.colors.sequential.Reds,
"連續 - Greens": px.colors.sequential.Greens,
"連續 - Purples": px.colors.sequential.Purples,
"連續 - Oranges": px.colors.sequential.Oranges,
"連續 - Greys": px.colors.sequential.Greys,
"連續 - Rainbow": px.colors.sequential.Rainbow,
"連續 - Turbo": px.colors.sequential.Turbo,
"連續 - Electric": px.colors.sequential.Electric,
"連續 - Hot": px.colors.sequential.Hot,
"連續 - Teal": px.colors.sequential.Teal,
"發散 - Spectral": px.colors.diverging.Spectral,
"發散 - RdBu": px.colors.diverging.RdBu,
"發散 - PRGn": px.colors.diverging.PRGn,
"發散 - PiYG": px.colors.diverging.PiYG,
"發散 - BrBG": px.colors.diverging.BrBG,
"發散 - Geyser": px.colors.diverging.Geyser,
"循環 - Twilight": px.colors.cyclical.Twilight,
"循環 - IceFire": px.colors.cyclical.IceFire,
}
# 圖案填充選項 (Pattern Fill Options)
PATTERN_TYPES = [
"無", "/", "\\", "x", "-", "|", "+", "."
]
# 聚合函數選項 (Aggregation Function Options)
AGGREGATION_FUNCTIONS = [
"計數", "求和", "平均值", "中位數", "最大值", "最小值", "標準差", "變異數", "第一筆", "最後一筆"
]
# =========================================
# == 輔助函數 (Helper Functions) ==
# =========================================
# --- 顏色處理相關 ---
# HTML 顏色展示卡片樣式
COLOR_CARD_STYLE = """
<div style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px; margin-top: 5px;">
{color_cards}
</div>
"""
COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE = """
<div title="{color_name} ({color_hex})" style="
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
background-color: {color_hex};
border-radius: 3px;
cursor: pointer;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
transition: transform 0.2s;
box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
" onclick="copyToClipboard('{color_hex}')" onmouseover="this.style.transform='scale(1.15)'; this.style.boxShadow='0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)';" onmouseout="this.style.transform='scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1)';"></div>
"""
COPY_SCRIPT = """
<script>
function copyToClipboard(text) {
navigator.clipboard.writeText(text).then(() => {
// 查找或創建通知容器
let notificationContainer = document.getElementById('clipboard-notification-container');
if (!notificationContainer) {
notificationContainer = document.createElement('div');
notificationContainer.id = 'clipboard-notification-container';
notificationContainer.style.position = 'fixed';
notificationContainer.style.bottom = '20px';
notificationContainer.style.right = '20px';
notificationContainer.style.zIndex = '10000'; // 確保在最上層
notificationContainer.style.display = 'flex';
notificationContainer.style.flexDirection = 'column';
notificationContainer.style.alignItems = 'flex-end';
document.body.appendChild(notificationContainer);
}
// 創建通知元素
const notification = document.createElement('div');
notification.textContent = '已複製: ' + text;
notification.style.background = 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7)';
notification.style.color = 'white';
notification.style.padding = '8px 15px';
notification.style.borderRadius = '4px';
notification.style.marginTop = '5px';
notification.style.fontSize = '14px';
notification.style.opacity = '1';
notification.style.transition = 'opacity 0.5s ease-out';
notification.style.boxShadow = '0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)';
// 添加到容器並設置消失
notificationContainer.appendChild(notification);
setTimeout(() => {
notification.style.opacity = '0';
setTimeout(() => {
notification.remove();
// 如果容器空了,可以考慮移除容器
if (notificationContainer.children.length === 0) {
// notificationContainer.remove(); // 或者保留以便後續使用
}
}, 500); // 等待淡出動畫完成
}, 1500); // 顯示 1.5 秒
}).catch(err => {
console.error('無法複製顏色代碼: ', err);
// 可以添加一個錯誤提示
});
}
</script>
"""
# 常見顏色名稱和十六進制代碼
COMMON_COLORS = {
"紅色": "#FF0000", "亮紅": "#FF5733", "深紅": "#C70039",
"橙色": "#FFA500", "亮橙": "#FFC300", "深橙": "#D35400",
"黃色": "#FFFF00", "亮黃": "#F1C40F", "金色": "#FFD700",
"綠色": "#008000", "亮綠": "#2ECC71", "深綠": "#1E8449", "橄欖綠": "#808000",
"藍色": "#0000FF", "亮藍": "#3498DB", "深藍": "#2874A6", "天藍": "#87CEEB",
"紫色": "#800080", "亮紫": "#9B59B6", "深紫": "#6C3483", "薰衣草紫": "#E6E6FA",
"粉紅色": "#FFC0CB", "亮粉": "#FF69B4", "深粉": "#C71585",
"棕色": "#A52A2A", "亮棕": "#E59866", "深棕": "#6E2C00",
"青色": "#00FFFF", "藍綠色": "#008080", "綠松石色": "#40E0D0",
"洋紅": "#FF00FF", "紫紅色": "#DC143C",
"灰色": "#808080", "淺灰": "#D3D3D3", "深灰": "#696969", "石板灰": "#708090",
"黑色": "#000000", "白色": "#FFFFFF", "米色": "#F5F5DC",
}
# 生成漸變色系
def generate_gradient_colors(start_color, end_color, steps=10):
"""生成從開始顏色到結束顏色的漸變色列表"""
def hex_to_rgb(hex_color):
hex_color = hex_color.lstrip('#')
return tuple(int(hex_color[i:i+2], 16) for i in (0, 2, 4))
def rgb_to_hex(rgb):
# 確保 RGB 值在 0-255 範圍內
r, g, b = [max(0, min(255, int(c))) for c in rgb]
return '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(r, g, b)
try:
start_rgb = hex_to_rgb(start_color)
end_rgb = hex_to_rgb(end_color)
if steps <= 1:
return [start_color] if steps == 1 else []
r_step = (end_rgb[0] - start_rgb[0]) / (steps - 1)
g_step = (end_rgb[1] - start_rgb[1]) / (steps - 1)
b_step = (end_rgb[2] - start_rgb[2]) / (steps - 1)
gradient_colors = []
for i in range(steps):
r = start_rgb[0] + r_step * i
g = start_rgb[1] + g_step * i
b = start_rgb[2] + b_step * i
gradient_colors.append(rgb_to_hex((r, g, b)))
return gradient_colors
except Exception as e:
print(f"生成漸變色時出錯: {e}")
return [start_color, end_color] # 出錯時返回基礎顏色
# 定義一些常用的漸變色系
GRADIENTS = {
"紅→黃": generate_gradient_colors("#FF0000", "#FFFF00"),
"藍→綠": generate_gradient_colors("#0000FF", "#00FF00"),
"紫→粉": generate_gradient_colors("#800080", "#FFC0CB"),
"紅→藍": generate_gradient_colors("#FF0000", "#0000FF"),
"黑→白": generate_gradient_colors("#000000", "#FFFFFF"),
"藍→紅 (發散)": generate_gradient_colors("#0000FF", "#FF0000"),
"綠→紫 (發散)": generate_gradient_colors("#00FF00", "#800080"),
"彩虹 (簡易)": ["#FF0000", "#FF7F00", "#FFFF00", "#00FF00", "#0000FF", "#4B0082", "#9400D3"]
}
# 生成顏色卡片展示 HTML
def generate_color_cards():
"""生成包含常見顏色和漸變色的 HTML 卡片展示"""
# 常見顏色卡片
common_cards = ""
for name, hex_code in COMMON_COLORS.items():
common_cards += COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE.format(color_name=name, color_hex=hex_code)
# 漸變色系卡片
gradient_cards_html = ""
for name, colors in GRADIENTS.items():
cards = ""
for i, color in enumerate(colors):
cards += COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE.format(
color_name=f"{name} {i+1}/{len(colors)}",
color_hex=color
)
gradient_cards_html += f"""
<div style="font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: #555;">{name}</div>
{COLOR_CARD_STYLE.format(color_cards=cards)}
"""
# 合成卡片展示HTML
color_display = f"""
<div style="font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: #555;">常用單色</div>
{COLOR_CARD_STYLE.format(color_cards=common_cards)}
{gradient_cards_html}
{COPY_SCRIPT}
"""
return color_display
# --- 數據處理相關 ---
def agg_function_map(func_name):
"""映射中文聚合函數名稱到 Pandas/Numpy 函數或標識符"""
mapping = {
"計數": "count", # Pandas count non-NA values
"求和": "sum",
"平均值": "mean",
"中位數": "median",
"最大值": "max",
"最小值": "min",
"標準差": "std",
"變異數": "var",
"第一筆": "first",
"最後一筆": "last",
# 'size' is handled specially in create_plot for counting rows including NA
}
return mapping.get(func_name, "count") # 默認返回 count
def parse_custom_colors(color_text):
"""解析自定義顏色文本 (例如 "類別A:#FF0000, 類別B:#00FF00")"""
custom_colors = {}
if color_text and isinstance(color_text, str) and color_text.strip():
try:
# 移除多餘空格並按逗號分割
pairs = [p.strip() for p in color_text.split(',') if p.strip()]
for pair in pairs:
if ':' in pair:
# 按第一個冒號分割
key, value = pair.split(':', 1)
key = key.strip()
value = value.strip()
# 簡單驗證顏色代碼格式 (以 # 開頭,後跟 3 或 6 個十六進制字符)
if re.match(r"^#(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{3}){1,2}$", value):
custom_colors[key] = value
else:
print(f"警告:忽略無效的顏色代碼格式 '{value}' for key '{key}'")
except Exception as e:
print(f"解析自定義顏色時出錯: {e}")
# 出錯時返回空字典
return {}
return custom_colors
def update_patterns(*patterns_input):
"""從 Gradio 輸入更新圖案列表,過濾掉 '無'"""
# patterns_input 會是一個包含 pattern1, pattern2, pattern3... 的元組
patterns = [p for p in patterns_input if p and p != "無"]
return patterns
# =========================================
# == CSS 樣式 (CSS Styling) ==
# =========================================
CUSTOM_CSS = """
/* --- 全局和容器 --- */
.gradio-container {
font-family: 'Inter', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif; /* 使用更現代的字體 */
background: #f8f9fa; /* 更柔和的背景色 */
/* overflow: visible !important; */ /* 移除全局 overflow,可能導致問題 */
}
/* --- 應用程式標頭 --- */
.app-header {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 25px;
background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%); /* 漸變色更新 */
padding: 25px 20px;
border-radius: 12px; /* 圓角加大 */
color: white;
box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); /* 陰影加深 */
}
.app-title {
font-size: 2.2em; /* 標題加大 */
font-weight: 700; /* 字重加粗 */
margin: 0;
letter-spacing: 1px; /* 增加字間距 */
text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); /* 文字陰影 */
}
.app-subtitle {
font-size: 1.1em; /* 副標題加大 */
color: #e0e0e0; /* 副標題顏色調整 */
margin-top: 8px;
font-weight: 300;
}
/* --- 區塊標題 --- */
.section-title {
font-size: 1.4em; /* 區塊標題加大 */
font-weight: 600; /* 字重調整 */
color: #343a40; /* 標題顏色加深 */
border-bottom: 3px solid #7367f0; /* 邊框顏色和寬度調整 */
padding-bottom: 8px;
margin-top: 25px;
margin-bottom: 20px;
}
/* --- 卡片樣式 --- */
.card {
background-color: white;
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 25px; /* 內邊距加大 */
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); /* 陰影調整 */
margin-bottom: 20px;
transition: transform 0.25s ease-out, box-shadow 0.25s ease-out;
border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; /* 添加細邊框 */
}
.card:hover {
transform: translateY(-4px);
box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); /* 懸停陰影加強 */
}
/* --- 按鈕樣式 --- */
.primary-button {
background: linear-gradient(to right, #667eea, #764ba2) !important;
border: none !important;
color: white !important;
font-weight: 600 !important; /* 字重調整 */
padding: 12px 24px !important; /* 按鈕加大 */
border-radius: 8px !important; /* 圓角加大 */
cursor: pointer !important;
transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important;
}
.primary-button:hover {
background: linear-gradient(to right, #764ba2, #667eea) !important; /* 懸停漸變反轉 */
transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important; /* 懸停陰影加強 */
}
.secondary-button {
background: linear-gradient(to right, #89f7fe, #66a6ff) !important; /* 不同漸變色 */
border: none !important;
color: #333 !important; /* 文字顏色調整 */
font-weight: 600 !important;
padding: 10px 20px !important;
border-radius: 8px !important;
cursor: pointer !important;
transition: all 0.3s ease !important;
box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important;
}
.secondary-button:hover {
background: linear-gradient(to right, #66a6ff, #89f7fe) !important;
transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important;
}
/* --- 其他 UI 元素 --- */
.tips-box {
background-color: #e7f3ff; /* 提示框背景色 */
border-left: 5px solid #66a6ff; /* 提示框邊框 */
padding: 15px 20px;
border-radius: 8px;
margin: 20px 0;
font-size: 0.95em;
color: #333;
}
.tips-box code { /* 提示框中的代碼樣式 */
background-color: #d1e7fd;
padding: 2px 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
}
.chart-previewer {
border: 2px dashed #ced4da; /* 預覽區邊框 */
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 20px;
min-height: 450px; /* 預覽區最小高度 */
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
background-color: #ffffff; /* 白色背景 */
box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); /* 內陰影 */
margin-top: 15px;
}
/* 數據表格預覽 */
.gradio-dataframe table {
border-collapse: collapse;
width: 100%;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
.gradio-dataframe th, .gradio-dataframe td {
border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
padding: 8px 10px;
text-align: left;
}
.gradio-dataframe th {
background-color: #f8f9fa;
font-weight: 600;
}
.gradio-dataframe tr:nth-child(even) {
background-color: #f8f9fa;
}
/* 顏色自定義輸入框 */
.color-customization-input textarea {
font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace;
font-size: 0.9em;
}
/* 確保 Gradio Tabs 樣式一致 */
.gradio-tabs .tab-nav button {
padding: 10px 20px !important;
font-weight: 500 !important;
border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0 !important;
transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease !important;
}
.gradio-tabs .tab-nav button.selected {
background-color: #667eea !important;
color: white !important;
border-bottom: none !important;
}
/* 調整 Slider 樣式 */
.gradio-slider label {
margin-bottom: 5px !important;
}
.gradio-slider input[type="range"] {
cursor: pointer !important;
}
/* 調整 Checkbox/Radio 樣式 */
.gradio-checkboxgroup label, .gradio-radio label {
padding: 8px 0 !important;
}
/* 調整 Textbox/Textarea 樣式 */
.gradio-textbox textarea, .gradio-textbox input {
border-radius: 6px !important;
border: 1px solid #ced4da !important;
padding: 10px !important;
}
.gradio-textbox textarea:focus, .gradio-textbox input:focus {
border-color: #80bdff !important;
box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0,123,255,.25) !important;
}
/* 檔案上傳/下載區域 */
.gradio-file .hidden-upload, .gradio-file .download-button {
border-radius: 6px !important;
}
.gradio-file .upload-button {
border-radius: 6px !important;
background: #6c757d !important; /* 上傳按鈕顏色 */
color: white !important;
padding: 8px 15px !important;
}
.gradio-file .upload-button:hover {
background: #5a6268 !important;
}
"""
# =========================================
# == (第一部分結束) ==
# =========================================
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Gradio 應用程式:進階數據可視化工具
作者:Gemini
版本:1.0 (分段提供 - Part 2)
描述:此部分包含核心邏輯函數,如數據處理、圖表創建、導出等。
"""
# =========================================
# == 數據處理函數 (Data Processing Functions) ==
# =========================================
def process_upload(file):
"""
處理上傳的文件 (CSV 或 Excel)。
Args:
file: Gradio 文件對象。
Returns:
tuple: (DataFrame 或 None, 狀態消息)。
"""
if file is None:
return None, "❌ 未上傳任何文件。"
try:
file_path = file.name
file_type = file_path.split('.')[-1].lower()
if file_type == 'csv':
# 嘗試自動檢測編碼
try:
df = pd.read_csv(file_path, encoding='utf-8')
except UnicodeDecodeError:
try:
df = pd.read_csv(file_path, encoding='big5') # 嘗試台灣常用編碼
except Exception as e:
return None, f"❌ 無法使用 UTF-8 或 Big5 解碼 CSV 文件: {e}"
except Exception as e:
return None, f"❌ 讀取 CSV 文件時出錯: {e}"
elif file_type in ['xls', 'xlsx']:
try:
df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
except Exception as e:
return None, f"❌ 讀取 Excel 文件時出錯: {e}"
else:
return None, f"❌ 不支持的文件類型: '{file_type}'。請上傳 CSV 或 Excel 文件。"
# 清理列名中的潛在空格
df.columns = df.columns.str.strip()
# **移除自動添加計數列**
# df['計數'] = 1 # 不再自動添加
return df, f"✅ 成功載入 '{file_path.split('/')[-1]}',共 {len(df)} 行,{len(df.columns)} 列。"
except Exception as e:
print(f"處理上傳文件時發生未預期錯誤: {e}")
traceback.print_exc()
return None, f"❌ 處理文件時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
def parse_data(text_data):
"""
解析文本框中輸入的數據 (CSV 或空格分隔)。
Args:
text_data (str): 包含數據的字符串。
Returns:
tuple: (DataFrame 或 None, 狀態消息)。
"""
if not text_data or not text_data.strip():
return None, "❌ 未輸入任何數據。"
try:
# 使用 StringIO 模擬文件讀取
data_io = io.StringIO(text_data.strip())
first_line = data_io.readline().strip() # 讀取第一行以判斷分隔符
data_io.seek(0) # 重置讀取位置
# 判斷分隔符
if ',' in first_line:
separator = ','
elif '\t' in first_line:
separator = '\t'
elif ' ' in first_line:
# 如果包含空格,使用正則表達式匹配多個空格作為分隔符
separator = r'\s+'
else:
# 如果只有一列或無法判斷,默認為逗號,讓 pandas 嘗試
separator = ','
try:
df = pd.read_csv(data_io, sep=separator)
except pd.errors.ParserError as pe:
return None, f"❌ 解析數據時出錯:可能是分隔符錯誤或數據格式問題。檢測到的分隔符: '{separator}'. 錯誤: {pe}"
except Exception as e:
return None, f"❌ 解析數據時出錯: {e}"
# 清理列名中的潛在空格
df.columns = df.columns.str.strip()
# **移除自動添加計數列**
# df['計數'] = 1 # 不再自動添加
return df, f"✅ 成功解析數據,共 {len(df)} 行,{len(df.columns)} 列。"
except Exception as e:
print(f"解析文本數據時發生未預期錯誤: {e}")
traceback.print_exc()
return None, f"❌ 解析數據時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
def update_columns(df):
"""
根據 DataFrame 更新 Gradio 下拉菜單的選項。
Args:
df (pd.DataFrame): 輸入的 DataFrame。
Returns:
tuple: 更新後的 Gradio Dropdown 組件 (x, y, group, size)。
"""
default_choices = ["-- 無數據 --"]
if df is None or df.empty:
# 提供預設或空選項
return (
gr.Dropdown(choices=default_choices, value=default_choices[0], label="X軸 / 類別"),
gr.Dropdown(choices=default_choices, value=default_choices[0], label="Y軸 / 數值"),
gr.Dropdown(choices=["無"] + default_choices, value="無", label="分組列"),
gr.Dropdown(choices=["無"] + default_choices, value="無", label="大小列")
)
columns = df.columns.tolist()
# 嘗試猜測合適的預設值
x_default = columns[0] if columns else None
# 預設 Y 軸為第二列(如果存在),否則為第一列
y_default = columns[1] if len(columns) > 1 else (columns[0] if columns else None)
# 移除 '無' 選項中的 None 或空字符串
valid_columns = [col for col in columns if col is not None and col != ""]
group_choices = ["無"] + valid_columns
size_choices = ["無"] + valid_columns
# 更新下拉選單
x_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(choices=valid_columns, value=x_default, label="X軸 / 類別")
y_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(choices=valid_columns, value=y_default, label="Y軸 / 數值")
group_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(choices=group_choices, value="無", label="分組列")
size_dropdown = gr.Dropdown(choices=size_choices, value="無", label="大小列")
return x_dropdown, y_dropdown, group_dropdown, size_dropdown
# =========================================
# == 圖表創建核心函數 (Core Plotting Function) ==
# =========================================
def create_plot(df, chart_type, x_column, y_column, group_column=None, size_column=None,
color_scheme_name="預設 (Plotly)", patterns=[], title="", width=800, height=500,
show_grid_str="是", show_legend_str="是", agg_func_name="計數", custom_colors_dict={}):
"""
根據用戶選擇創建 Plotly 圖表 (已加入 Null/空白 過濾)。
Args:
df (pd.DataFrame): 輸入數據。
chart_type (str): 圖表類型。
x_column (str): X軸或類別列。
y_column (str): Y軸或數值列 (可能為 None)。
group_column (str, optional): 分組列 (可能為 "無" 或 None)。 Defaults to None.
size_column (str, optional): 大小列 (可能為 "無" 或 None)。 Defaults to None.
color_scheme_name (str, optional): 顏色方案名稱。 Defaults to "預設 (Plotly)".
patterns (list, optional): 圖案列表。 Defaults to [].
title (str, optional): 圖表標題。 Defaults to "".
width (int, optional): 圖表寬度。 Defaults to 800.
height (int, optional): 圖表高度。 Defaults to 500.
show_grid_str (str, optional): 是否顯示網格 ("是" 或 "否")。 Defaults to "是".
show_legend_str (str, optional): 是否顯示圖例 ("是" 或 "否")。 Defaults to "是".
agg_func_name (str, optional): 聚合函數名稱。 Defaults to "計數".
custom_colors_dict (dict, optional): 自定義顏色映射。 Defaults to {}.
Returns:
go.Figure: Plotly 圖表對象。
"""
# --- 添加調試信息 ---
print("-" * 20, file=sys.stderr)
print(f"調用 create_plot:", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - df type: {type(df)}", file=sys.stderr)
if isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame):
print(f" - df empty: {df.empty}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - df shape: {df.shape}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - chart_type: {chart_type}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - x_column: {x_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - y_column: {y_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - group_column: {group_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - size_column: {size_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - agg_func_name: {agg_func_name}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - show_grid_str: {show_grid_str}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - show_legend_str: {show_legend_str}", file=sys.stderr)
print("-" * 20, file=sys.stderr)
# --- 結束調試信息 ---
fig = go.Figure()
try:
# --- 0. 將 "是"/"否" 轉換為布林值 ---
show_grid = True if show_grid_str == "是" else False
show_legend = True if show_legend_str == "是" else False
# --- 1. 輸入驗證 (更嚴格) ---
if df is None or not isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame) or df.empty:
raise ValueError("沒有有效的 DataFrame 數據可供繪圖。請先載入數據。")
if not chart_type: raise ValueError("請選擇圖表類型。")
if not agg_func_name: raise ValueError("請選擇聚合函數。")
# NO_DATA_STR = "-- 無數據 --" # 確保此變數已定義或直接使用字符串
if not x_column or x_column == NO_DATA_STR: raise ValueError("請選擇有效的 X 軸或類別列。")
# 檢查列是否存在
if x_column not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"X 軸列 '{x_column}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
# 判斷是否需要 Y 軸
y_needed = agg_func_name != "計數" and chart_type not in ["直方圖"]
if y_needed:
if not y_column or y_column == NO_DATA_STR: raise ValueError("此圖表類型和聚合函數需要選擇有效的 Y 軸或數值列。")
if y_column not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"Y 軸列 '{y_column}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
else:
y_column = None # 如果不需要 Y 軸,明確設為 None
# 處理可選列 (從 Radio 傳來的值可能是 NONE_STR)
# NONE_STR = "無" # 確保此變數已定義或直接使用字符串
group_col = None if group_column == NONE_STR or not group_column else group_column
size_col = None if size_column == NONE_STR or not size_column else size_column
if group_col and group_col not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"分組列 '{group_col}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
if size_col and size_col not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"大小列 '{size_col}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
if group_col == x_column: raise ValueError("分組列不能與 X 軸列相同。")
df_processed = df.copy()
print(f"原始數據行數: {len(df_processed)}", file=sys.stderr)
# --- NEW: 過濾 Null/空白值 ---
columns_to_filter = [x_column]
if y_needed and y_column: # Filter Y only if it's needed and selected
columns_to_filter.append(y_column)
if group_col:
columns_to_filter.append(group_col)
# 移除在關鍵列中有 Null (NaN, None) 值的行
valid_columns_to_filter = [col for col in columns_to_filter if col in df_processed.columns]
if valid_columns_to_filter:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
df_processed.dropna(subset=valid_columns_to_filter, inplace=True)
print(f"移除 Null ({', '.join(valid_columns_to_filter)}) 後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
else:
print("警告: 沒有有效的列用於 Null 值過濾。", file=sys.stderr)
# 對於 X 軸和分組列,額外移除空白字符串 (轉換為字符串後判斷)
if x_column in df_processed.columns:
try:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
# 僅移除完全是空白或空字符串的行
df_processed = df_processed[df_processed[x_column].astype(str).str.strip() != '']
print(f"移除 X 軸 '{x_column}' 空白字符串後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
except Exception as e:
print(f"警告: 過濾 X 軸 '{x_column}' 空白字符串時出錯: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
if group_col and group_col in df_processed.columns:
try:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
df_processed = df_processed[df_processed[group_col].astype(str).str.strip() != '']
print(f"移除分組列 '{group_col}' 空白字符串後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
except Exception as e:
print(f"警告: 過濾分組列 '{group_col}' 空白字符串時出錯: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
# 檢查過濾後是否還有數據
if df_processed.empty:
raise ValueError("過濾掉 Null 或空白值後,沒有剩餘數據可供繪圖。")
# --- END NEW ---
# --- 2. 數據類型轉換與準備 ---
# 將 X 軸和分組列強制轉為字符串,以便正確分組
df_processed[x_column] = df_processed[x_column].astype(str)
if group_col:
df_processed[group_col] = df_processed[group_col].astype(str)
# 嘗試將 Y 軸和大小列轉為數值
if y_column: # 這裡 y_column 可能為 None
try: df_processed[y_column] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[y_column], errors='coerce')
except Exception as e: print(f"警告:轉換 Y 軸列 '{y_column}' 為數值時出錯: {e}")
if size_col:
try: df_processed[size_col] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[size_col], errors='coerce')
except Exception as e: print(f"警告:轉換大小列 '{size_col}' 為數值時出錯: {e}")
# --- 3. 數據聚合 (如果需要) ---
needs_aggregation = chart_type not in ["散點圖", "氣泡圖", "直方圖", "箱型圖", "小提琴圖", "甘特圖"]
agg_df = None
y_col_agg = y_column # 預設 Y 軸列名 (可能為 None)
if needs_aggregation:
grouping_cols = [x_column] + ([group_col] if group_col else [])
# 檢查分組列是否有效 (已在驗證部分完成)
if agg_func_name == "計數":
# 使用 size() 計算每個組的行數
agg_df = df_processed.groupby(grouping_cols, observed=False, dropna=False).size() # dropna=False 包含 NaN 類別 (已被過濾?)
agg_df = agg_df.reset_index(name='__count__')
y_col_agg = '__count__' # 使用新生成的計數列
else:
agg_func_pd = agg_function_map(agg_func_name)
if not y_column: raise ValueError(f"聚合函數 '{agg_func_name}' 需要一個有效的 Y 軸數值列。")
# 確保 Y 軸是數值類型 (除非 first/last)
if agg_func_pd not in ['first', 'last'] and not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(df_processed[y_column]):
# 嘗試再次轉換,如果失敗則報錯
try: df_processed[y_column] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[y_column], errors='raise')
except (ValueError, TypeError): raise ValueError(f"Y 軸列 '{y_column}' 必須是數值類型才能執行聚合 '{agg_func_name}'。")
try:
# 執行聚合
agg_df = df_processed.groupby(grouping_cols, observed=False, dropna=False)[y_column].agg(agg_func_pd)
agg_df = agg_df.reset_index()
y_col_agg = y_column # 保持原始列名
except Exception as agg_e:
raise ValueError(f"執行聚合 '{agg_func_name}' 時出錯: {agg_e}")
else:
# 不需要聚合,直接使用處理過的數據
agg_df = df_processed
y_col_agg = y_column # 保持原始列名 (可能為 None)
# 再次檢查聚合後的 DataFrame
if agg_df is None or agg_df.empty:
raise ValueError("數據聚合後沒有產生有效結果。")
# 確保繪圖所需的列存在於 agg_df 中
required_cols_for_plot = [x_column]
# 只有在 y_col_agg 有效時才加入檢查
if y_col_agg: required_cols_for_plot.append(y_col_agg)
if group_col: required_cols_for_plot.append(group_col)
if size_col: required_cols_for_plot.append(size_col)
missing_cols = [col for col in required_cols_for_plot if col not in agg_df.columns]
if missing_cols:
raise ValueError(f"聚合後的數據缺少繪圖所需的列: {', '.join(missing_cols)}")
# --- 4. 獲取顏色方案 ---
colors = COLOR_SCHEMES.get(color_scheme_name, px.colors.qualitative.Plotly)
# --- 5. 創建圖表 (核心邏輯) ---
fig_params = {"title": title, "color_discrete_sequence": colors, "width": width, "height": height} # 移除 data_frame
if group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig_params["color_discrete_map"] = custom_colors_dict
# 確定實際用於繪圖的 Y 軸列名 (可能是 '__count__' 或原始 Y 列名)
effective_y = y_col_agg # 使用聚合後確定的 Y 軸列名
# --- (繪圖邏輯開始) ---
if chart_type == "長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "堆疊長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("堆疊長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='stack', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "百分比堆疊長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("百分比堆疊長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='relative', text_auto='.1%', **fig_params)
fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="百分比 (%)")
elif chart_type == "群組長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("群組長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='group', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "水平長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("水平長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, y=x_column, x=effective_y, color=group_col, orientation='h', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, markers=True, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "多重折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("多重折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, markers=True, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "階梯折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("階梯折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, line_shape='hv', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "堆疊區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("堆疊區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, groupnorm=None, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "百分比堆疊區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("百分比堆疊區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, groupnorm='percent', **fig_params)
fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="百分比 (%)")
elif chart_type == "圓餅圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("圓餅圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if group_col: print("警告:圓餅圖不支持分組列,已忽略。")
fig = px.pie(agg_df, names=x_column, values=effective_y, **fig_params)
if not group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig.update_traces(marker=dict(colors=[custom_colors_dict.get(str(cat), colors[i % len(colors)]) for i, cat in enumerate(agg_df[x_column])]))
elif chart_type == "環形圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("環形圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if group_col: print("警告:環形圖不支持分組列,已忽略。")
fig = px.pie(agg_df, names=x_column, values=effective_y, hole=0.4, **fig_params)
if not group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig.update_traces(marker=dict(colors=[custom_colors_dict.get(str(cat), colors[i % len(colors)]) for i, cat in enumerate(agg_df[x_column])]))
elif chart_type == "散點圖":
# 散點圖不需要聚合,使用原始 y_column
if not y_column: raise ValueError("散點圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
fig = px.scatter(agg_df, x=x_column, y=y_column, color=group_col, size=size_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "氣泡圖":
if not y_column: raise ValueError("氣泡圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not size_col: raise ValueError("氣泡圖需要指定 '大小列'。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[size_col]): raise ValueError(f"大小列 '{size_col}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.scatter(agg_df, x=x_column, y=y_column, color=group_col, size=size_col, size_max=60, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "直方圖":
# 直方圖使用原始數據的 x_column
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[x_column]): raise ValueError(f"直方圖的 X 軸列 '{x_column}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.histogram(agg_df, x=x_column, color=group_col, **fig_params); fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="計數")
elif chart_type == "箱型圖":
# 箱型圖使用原始 y_column
if not y_column: raise ValueError("箱型圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[y_column]): raise ValueError(f"箱型圖的 Y 軸列 '{y_column}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.box(agg_df, x=group_col, y=y_column, color=group_col, **fig_params)
if not group_col: fig = px.box(agg_df, y=y_column, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "小提琴圖":
if not y_column: raise ValueError("小提琴圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[y_column]): raise ValueError(f"小提琴圖的 Y 軸列 '{y_column}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.violin(agg_df, x=group_col, y=y_column, color=group_col, box=True, points="all", **fig_params)
if not group_col: fig = px.violin(agg_df, y=y_column, box=True, points="all", **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "熱力圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("熱力圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not group_col: raise ValueError("熱力圖需要 X 軸、Y 軸 和一個 分組列。")
try:
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"熱力圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
pivot_df = pd.pivot_table(agg_df, values=effective_y, index=group_col, columns=x_column, aggfunc=agg_function_map(agg_func_name) if agg_func_name != "計數" else 'size')
fig = px.imshow(pivot_df, color_continuous_scale=px.colors.sequential.Viridis, aspect="auto", text_auto=True, **fig_params);
fig.update_layout(coloraxis_showscale=True)
except Exception as pivot_e: raise ValueError(f"創建熱力圖的數據透視表時出錯: {pivot_e}")
elif chart_type == "樹狀圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("樹狀圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
path = [group_col, x_column] if group_col else [x_column]
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"樹狀圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.treemap(agg_df, path=path, values=effective_y, color=group_col if group_col else x_column, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "雷達圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("雷達圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = go.Figure()
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"雷達圖的徑向值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
if not group_col:
theta = agg_df[x_column].tolist(); r = agg_df[effective_y].tolist(); theta.append(theta[0]); r.append(r[0])
fig.add_trace(go.Scatterpolar(r=r, theta=theta, fill='toself', name=effective_y if effective_y != '__count__' else '計數', line_color=colors[0]))
else:
categories = agg_df[group_col].unique()
for i, category in enumerate(categories):
subset = agg_df[agg_df[group_col] == category]; theta = subset[x_column].tolist(); r = subset[effective_y].tolist(); theta.append(theta[0]); r.append(r[0])
color = custom_colors_dict.get(str(category), colors[i % len(colors)])
fig.add_trace(go.Scatterpolar(r=r, theta=theta, fill='toself', name=str(category), line_color=color))
fig.update_layout(polar=dict(radialaxis=dict(visible=True)), showlegend=show_legend, title=title, width=width, height=height)
elif chart_type == "漏斗圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("漏斗圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"漏斗圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
sorted_df = agg_df.sort_values(by=effective_y, ascending=False)
fig = px.funnel(sorted_df, x=effective_y, y=x_column, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "極座標圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("極座標圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"極座標圖的徑向值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.bar_polar(agg_df, r=effective_y, theta=x_column, color=group_col if group_col else x_column, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "甘特圖":
start_col_gantt = y_column; end_col_gantt = group_col; task_col_gantt = x_column
if not start_col_gantt or not end_col_gantt: raise ValueError("甘特圖需要指定 開始列 (Y軸) 和 結束列 (分組列)。")
try:
df_gantt = df.copy() # 使用原始 df
if start_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"開始列 '{start_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
if end_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"結束列 '{end_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
if task_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"任務列 '{task_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
df_gantt['_start_'] = pd.to_datetime(df_gantt[start_col_gantt], errors='coerce')
df_gantt['_end_'] = pd.to_datetime(df_gantt[end_col_gantt], errors='coerce')
if df_gantt['_start_'].isnull().any(): raise ValueError(f"開始列 '{start_col_gantt}' 包含無效或無法解析的日期時間格式。")
if df_gantt['_end_'].isnull().any(): raise ValueError(f"結束列 '{end_col_gantt}' 包含無效或無法解析的日期時間格式。")
fig = px.timeline(df_gantt, x_start='_start_', x_end='_end_', y=task_col_gantt, color=size_col if size_col else None, title=title, color_discrete_sequence=colors, width=width, height=height)
fig.update_layout(xaxis_type="date")
except Exception as gantt_e: raise ValueError(f"創建甘特圖時出錯: {gantt_e}")
else:
print(f"警告:未知的圖表類型 '{chart_type}',使用長條圖代替。")
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
# --- (繪圖邏輯結束) ---
# --- 6. 應用圖案 (如果支持) ---
if patterns:
try:
num_traces = len(fig.data)
if chart_type in ["長條圖", "堆疊長條圖", "百分比堆疊長條圖", "群組長條圖", "水平長條圖", "圓餅圖", "環形圖"]:
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns)
if patterns[pattern_index] != "無": trace.marker.pattern.shape = patterns[pattern_index]; trace.marker.pattern.solidity = 0.4; trace.marker.pattern.fillmode = "replace"
elif chart_type in ["散點圖", "氣泡圖"]:
symbol_map = {"/": "diamond", "\\": "square", "x": "x", "-": "line-ew", "|": "line-ns", "+": "cross", ".": "circle-dot"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); symbol = symbol_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if symbol: trace.marker.symbol = symbol
elif chart_type in ["折線圖", "多重折線圖", "階梯折線圖"]:
dash_map = {"/": "dash", "\\": "dot", "x": "dashdot", "-": "longdash", "|": "solid", "+": "solid", ".": "solid"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); dash = dash_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if dash: trace.line.dash = dash
elif chart_type in ["區域圖", "堆疊區域圖", "百分比堆疊區域圖"]:
print("提示:區域圖的圖案填充支持有限,將嘗試應用線型。")
dash_map = {"/": "dash", "\\": "dot", "x": "dashdot", "-": "longdash"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); dash = dash_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if dash: trace.line.dash = dash; trace.fill = 'tonexty' if hasattr(trace, 'stackgroup') and trace.stackgroup else 'tozeroy'
except Exception as pattern_e: print(f"應用圖案時出錯: {pattern_e}")
# --- 7. 更新佈局 ---
fig.update_layout(
showlegend=show_legend, xaxis=dict(showgrid=show_grid), yaxis=dict(showgrid=show_grid),
template="plotly_white", margin=dict(l=60, r=40, t=80 if title else 40, b=60),
font=dict(family="Inter, sans-serif", size=12),
hoverlabel=dict(bgcolor="white", font_size=12, font_family="Inter, sans-serif"),
legend=dict(orientation="h", yanchor="bottom", y=1.02, xanchor="right", x=1) if show_legend else None,
)
# 根據圖表類型更新軸標籤
final_y_label = y_col_agg if y_col_agg != '__count__' else '計數'
if chart_type in ["圓餅圖", "環形圖", "漏斗圖", "樹狀圖"]: fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=None, yaxis_title=None)
elif chart_type == "水平長條圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=final_y_label, yaxis_title=x_column)
elif chart_type == "直方圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=x_column, yaxis_title='計數')
elif chart_type == "甘特圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title="時間", yaxis_title=x_column) # 甘特圖軸標籤
else: fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=x_column, yaxis_title=final_y_label)
except ValueError as ve:
print(f"圖表創建錯誤 (ValueError): {ve}", file=sys.stderr); traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
fig = go.Figure(); fig.add_annotation(text=f"⚠️ 創建圖表時出錯:<br>{ve}", align='left', showarrow=False, font=dict(size=14, color="red")); fig.update_layout(xaxis_visible=False, yaxis_visible=False)
except Exception as e:
error_message = f"❌ 創建圖表時發生未預期錯誤:\n{traceback.format_exc()}"; print(error_message, file=sys.stderr)
fig = go.Figure(); user_error_msg = f"⚠️ 創建圖表時發生內部錯誤。<br>請檢查數據和設置。<br>詳細錯誤: {str(e)[:100]}..."; fig.add_annotation(text=user_error_msg, align='left', showarrow=False, font=dict(size=14, color="red")); fig.update_layout(xaxis_visible=False, yaxis_visible=False)
print("create_plot 函數執行完畢。", file=sys.stderr) # 調試信息
return fig
# =========================================
# == 導出與下載函數 (Export & Download Functions) ==
# =========================================
def export_data(df, format_type):
"""
將 DataFrame 導出為指定格式的文件。
Args:
df (pd.DataFrame): 要導出的 DataFrame。
format_type (str): 導出格式 ("CSV", "Excel", "JSON")。
Returns:
tuple: (文件路徑或 None, 狀態消息)。 返回文件路徑供 Gradio 下載。
"""
if df is None or df.empty:
# 不能直接返回 None,需要返回一個空的 File output
return None, "❌ 沒有數據可以導出。"
try:
if format_type == "CSV":
filename = "exported_data.csv"
df.to_csv(filename, index=False, encoding='utf-8-sig') # utf-8-sig 確保 Excel 正確讀取 BOM
elif format_type == "Excel":
filename = "exported_data.xlsx"
df.to_excel(filename, index=False)
elif format_type == "JSON":
filename = "exported_data.json"
df.to_json(filename, orient="records", indent=4, force_ascii=False) # indent 美化輸出, force_ascii=False 處理中文
else:
return None, f"❌ 不支持的導出格式: {format_type}"
return filename, f"✅ 數據已成功準備為 {format_type} 格式,點擊下方鏈接下載。"
except Exception as e:
print(f"導出數據時出錯: {e}")
traceback.print_exc()
return None, f"❌ 導出數據時出錯: {e}"
def download_figure(fig, format_type="PNG"):
"""
將 Plotly 圖表導出為圖像文件。
Args:
fig (go.Figure): Plotly 圖表對象。
format_type (str): 導出格式 ("PNG", "SVG", "PDF", "JPEG")。 Defaults to "PNG".
Returns:
tuple: (文件路徑或 None, 狀態消息)。 返回文件路徑供 Gradio 下載。
"""
if fig is None or not fig.data:
return None, "❌ 沒有圖表可以導出。"
try:
format_lower = format_type.lower()
filename = f"chart_export.{format_lower}"
# 使用 fig.write_image 寫入文件
fig.write_image(filename, format=format_lower)
return filename, f"✅ 圖表已成功準備為 {format_type} 格式,點擊下方鏈接下載。"
except ValueError as ve:
# kaleido 可能未安裝或配置錯誤
if "kaleido" in str(ve):
error_msg = "❌ 導出圖表失敗:需要 Kaleido 套件。請在環境中安裝 `pip install -U kaleido`。"
print(error_msg)
return None, error_msg
else:
print(f"導出圖表時出錯 (ValueError): {ve}")
traceback.print_exc()
return None, f"❌ 導出圖表時出錯: {ve}"
except Exception as e:
print(f"導出圖表時發生未預期錯誤: {e}")
traceback.print_exc()
return None, f"❌ 導出圖表時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
# =========================================
# == 智能推薦函數 (Recommendation Function) ==
# =========================================
def recommend_chart_settings(df):
"""
根據輸入的 DataFrame 智能推薦圖表設置。
Args:
df (pd.DataFrame): 輸入數據。
Returns:
dict: 包含推薦設置和消息的字典。
Keys: chart_type, x_column, y_column, group_column, agg_function, message
"""
recommendation = {
"chart_type": None, "x_column": None, "y_column": None,
"group_column": "無", "agg_function": None, "message": "無法提供推薦。"
}
if df is None or df.empty:
recommendation["message"] = "ℹ️ 請先上傳或輸入數據。"
return recommendation
columns = df.columns.tolist()
num_cols = df.select_dtypes(include=np.number).columns.tolist()
cat_cols = df.select_dtypes(include=['object', 'category', 'string']).columns.tolist()
# 嘗試檢測日期時間列
date_cols = [col for col in columns if pd.api.types.is_datetime64_any_dtype(df[col]) or ('日期' in col or '時間' in col)]
# --- 推薦邏輯 ---
try:
# 優先處理時間序列
if date_cols and num_cols:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "折線圖"
recommendation["x_column"] = date_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = num_cols[0]
recommendation["agg_function"] = "平均值" # 或求和,取決於數據性質
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到時間列 '{date_cols[0]}' 和數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用折線圖顯示趨勢。"
# 兩個數值列 -> 散點圖
elif len(num_cols) >= 2:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "散點圖"
recommendation["x_column"] = num_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = num_cols[1]
recommendation["agg_function"] = None # 散點圖通常不需要聚合
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到數值列 '{num_cols[0]}' 和 '{num_cols[1]}',推薦使用散點圖分析相關性。"
# 一個類別列和一個數值列 -> 長條圖
elif cat_cols and num_cols:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "長條圖"
recommendation["x_column"] = cat_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = num_cols[0]
recommendation["agg_function"] = "平均值" # 或求和
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到類別列 '{cat_cols[0]}' 和數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用長條圖比較各類別的數值。"
# 兩個或更多類別列 -> 堆疊/群組長條圖 (計數)
elif len(cat_cols) >= 2:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "堆疊長條圖" # 或群組長條圖
recommendation["x_column"] = cat_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = None # Y軸由計數聚合產生
recommendation["group_column"] = cat_cols[1]
recommendation["agg_function"] = "計數"
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到多個類別列 ('{cat_cols[0]}', '{cat_cols[1]}', ...),推薦使用堆疊長條圖顯示計數分佈。"
# 只有一個類別列 -> 長條圖 (計數)
elif cat_cols:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "長條圖"
recommendation["x_column"] = cat_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = None # Y軸由計數聚合產生
recommendation["agg_function"] = "計數"
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到類別列 '{cat_cols[0]}',推薦使用長條圖顯示其頻數分佈。"
# 只有數值列 -> 直方圖
elif num_cols:
recommendation["chart_type"] = "直方圖"
recommendation["x_column"] = num_cols[0]
recommendation["y_column"] = None
recommendation["agg_function"] = None # 直方圖自動計數
recommendation["message"] = f"檢測到數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用直方圖查看其分佈。"
else:
recommendation["message"] = "無法根據當前數據結構提供明確的圖表推薦。"
except Exception as e:
recommendation["message"] = f"❌ 推薦時出錯: {e}"
print(f"智能推薦時出錯: {e}")
traceback.print_exc()
# 確保推薦的列名是有效的
if recommendation["x_column"] and recommendation["x_column"] not in columns: recommendation["x_column"] = None
if recommendation["y_column"] and recommendation["y_column"] not in columns: recommendation["y_column"] = None
if recommendation["group_column"] != "無" and recommendation["group_column"] not in columns: recommendation["group_column"] = "無"
# 如果推薦了聚合但 Y 軸無效,則清空 Y 軸
if recommendation["agg_function"] and recommendation["agg_function"] != "計數" and not recommendation["y_column"]:
recommendation["agg_function"] = None # 無法聚合
recommendation["message"] += " (無法確定聚合的數值列)"
# 如果聚合是計數,Y 軸應為空
if recommendation["agg_function"] == "計數":
recommendation["y_column"] = None # 強制 Y 軸為空,因為值由計數產生
return recommendation
# =========================================
# == (第二部分結束) ==
# =========================================
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Gradio 應用程式:進階數據可視化工具
作者:Gemini
版本:5.2 (完整修正版 - 清理格式, 確保一致性)
描述:包含所有功能的完整程式碼,修正導入、CSS、格式問題。
"""
# =========================================
# == 套件導入 (Import Libraries) ==
# =========================================
import gradio as gr
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import plotly.express as px
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import io
import base64
from PIL import Image
from plotly.subplots import make_subplots
import re
import json
import colorsys
import traceback # 用於更詳細的錯誤追蹤
import sys # 用於打印調試信息 - 已加入
# =========================================
# == 常數定義 (Constants) ==
# =========================================
CHART_TYPES = ["長條圖", "堆疊長條圖", "百分比堆疊長條圖", "群組長條圖", "水平長條圖", "折線圖", "多重折線圖", "階梯折線圖", "區域圖", "堆疊區域圖", "百分比堆疊區域圖", "圓餅圖", "環形圖", "散點圖", "氣泡圖", "直方圖", "箱型圖", "小提琴圖", "熱力圖", "樹狀圖", "雷達圖", "漏斗圖", "極座標圖", "甘特圖"]
COLOR_SCHEMES = {
"預設 (Plotly)": px.colors.qualitative.Plotly, "分類 - D3": px.colors.qualitative.D3, "分類 - G10": px.colors.qualitative.G10, "分類 - T10": px.colors.qualitative.T10, "分類 - Alphabet": px.colors.qualitative.Alphabet, "分類 - Dark24": px.colors.qualitative.Dark24, "分類 - Light24": px.colors.qualitative.Light24, "分類 - Set1": px.colors.qualitative.Set1, "分類 - Set2": px.colors.qualitative.Set2, "分類 - Set3": px.colors.qualitative.Set3, "分類 - Pastel": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel, "分類 - Pastel1": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel1, "分類 - Pastel2": px.colors.qualitative.Pastel2, "分類 - Antique": px.colors.qualitative.Antique, "分類 - Bold": px.colors.qualitative.Bold, "分類 - Prism": px.colors.qualitative.Prism, "分類 - Safe": px.colors.qualitative.Safe, "分類 - Vivid": px.colors.qualitative.Vivid,
"連續 - Viridis": px.colors.sequential.Viridis, "連續 - Plasma": px.colors.sequential.Plasma, "連續 - Inferno": px.colors.sequential.Inferno, "連續 - Magma": px.colors.sequential.Magma, "連續 - Cividis": px.colors.sequential.Cividis, "連續 - Blues": px.colors.sequential.Blues, "連續 - Reds": px.colors.sequential.Reds, "連續 - Greens": px.colors.sequential.Greens, "連續 - Purples": px.colors.sequential.Purples, "連續 - Oranges": px.colors.sequential.Oranges, "連續 - Greys": px.colors.sequential.Greys, "連續 - Rainbow": px.colors.sequential.Rainbow, "連續 - Turbo": px.colors.sequential.Turbo, "連續 - Electric": px.colors.sequential.Electric, "連續 - Hot": px.colors.sequential.Hot, "連續 - Teal": px.colors.sequential.Teal,
"發散 - Spectral": px.colors.diverging.Spectral, "發散 - RdBu": px.colors.diverging.RdBu, "發散 - PRGn": px.colors.diverging.PRGn, "發散 - PiYG": px.colors.diverging.PiYG, "發散 - BrBG": px.colors.diverging.BrBG, "發散 - Geyser": px.colors.diverging.Geyser,
"循環 - Twilight": px.colors.cyclical.Twilight, "循環 - IceFire": px.colors.cyclical.IceFire,
}
PATTERN_TYPES = ["無", "/", "\\", "x", "-", "|", "+", "."]
AGGREGATION_FUNCTIONS = ["計數", "求和", "平均值", "中位數", "最大值", "最小值", "標準差", "變異數", "第一筆", "最後一筆"]
EXPORT_FORMATS_DATA = ["CSV", "Excel", "JSON"]
EXPORT_FORMATS_IMG = ["PNG", "SVG", "PDF", "JPEG"]
YES_NO_CHOICES = ["是", "否"]
NO_DATA_STR = "-- 無數據 --"
NONE_STR = "無" # 代表 '無' 選項的值
# =========================================
# == 輔助函數 (Helper Functions) ==
# =========================================
# --- 顏色處理相關 ---
COLOR_CARD_STYLE = """<div style="display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px; margin-top: 5px;">{color_cards}</div>"""
COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE = """<div title="{color_name} ({color_hex})" style="width: 20px; height: 20px; background-color: {color_hex}; border-radius: 3px; cursor: pointer; border: 1px solid #ddd; transition: transform 0.2s; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);" onclick="copyToClipboard('{color_hex}')" onmouseover="this.style.transform='scale(1.15)'; this.style.boxShadow='0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)';" onmouseout="this.style.transform='scale(1)'; this.style.boxShadow='0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1)';"></div>"""
COPY_SCRIPT = """
<script>
function copyToClipboard(text) {
navigator.clipboard.writeText(text).then(() => {
let notificationContainer = document.getElementById('clipboard-notification-container');
if (!notificationContainer) {
notificationContainer = document.createElement('div');
notificationContainer.id = 'clipboard-notification-container';
notificationContainer.style.position = 'fixed'; notificationContainer.style.bottom = '20px'; notificationContainer.style.right = '20px'; notificationContainer.style.zIndex = '10000'; notificationContainer.style.display = 'flex'; notificationContainer.style.flexDirection = 'column'; notificationContainer.style.alignItems = 'flex-end';
document.body.appendChild(notificationContainer);
}
const notification = document.createElement('div');
notification.textContent = '已複製: ' + text;
notification.style.background = 'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7)'; notification.style.color = 'white'; notification.style.padding = '8px 15px'; notification.style.borderRadius = '4px'; notification.style.marginTop = '5px'; notification.style.fontSize = '14px'; notification.style.opacity = '1'; notification.style.transition = 'opacity 0.5s ease-out'; notification.style.boxShadow = '0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,0.2)';
notificationContainer.appendChild(notification);
setTimeout(() => {
notification.style.opacity = '0';
setTimeout(() => { notification.remove(); }, 500);
}, 1500);
}).catch(err => { console.error('無法複製顏色代碼: ', err); });
}
</script>
"""
COMMON_COLORS = {
"紅色": "#FF0000", "亮紅": "#FF5733", "深紅": "#C70039", "橙色": "#FFA500", "亮橙": "#FFC300", "深橙": "#D35400", "黃色": "#FFFF00", "亮黃": "#F1C40F", "金色": "#FFD700", "綠色": "#008000", "亮綠": "#2ECC71", "深綠": "#1E8449", "橄欖綠": "#808000", "藍色": "#0000FF", "亮藍": "#3498DB", "深藍": "#2874A6", "天藍": "#87CEEB", "紫色": "#800080", "亮紫": "#9B59B6", "深紫": "#6C3483", "薰衣草紫": "#E6E6FA", "粉紅色": "#FFC0CB", "亮粉": "#FF69B4", "深粉": "#C71585", "棕色": "#A52A2A", "亮棕": "#E59866", "深棕": "#6E2C00", "青色": "#00FFFF", "藍綠色": "#008080", "綠松石色": "#40E0D0", "洋紅": "#FF00FF", "紫紅色": "#DC143C", "灰色": "#808080", "淺灰": "#D3D3D3", "深灰": "#696969", "石板灰": "#708090", "黑色": "#000000", "白色": "#FFFFFF", "米色": "#F5F5DC",
}
def generate_gradient_colors(start_color, end_color, steps=10):
def hex_to_rgb(hex_color): hex_color = hex_color.lstrip('#'); return tuple(int(hex_color[i:i+2], 16) for i in (0, 2, 4))
def rgb_to_hex(rgb): r, g, b = [max(0, min(255, int(c))) for c in rgb]; return '#{:02x}{:02x}{:02x}'.format(r, g, b)
try:
start_rgb, end_rgb = hex_to_rgb(start_color), hex_to_rgb(end_color);
if steps <= 1: return [start_color] if steps == 1 else []
r_step, g_step, b_step = [(end_rgb[i] - start_rgb[i]) / (steps - 1) for i in range(3)]
return [rgb_to_hex((start_rgb[0] + r_step * i, start_rgb[1] + g_step * i, start_rgb[2] + b_step * i)) for i in range(steps)]
except Exception as e: print(f"生成漸變色時出錯: {e}"); return [start_color, end_color]
GRADIENTS = {"紅→黃": generate_gradient_colors("#FF0000", "#FFFF00"), "藍→綠": generate_gradient_colors("#0000FF", "#00FF00"), "紫→粉": generate_gradient_colors("#800080", "#FFC0CB"), "紅→藍": generate_gradient_colors("#FF0000", "#0000FF"), "黑→白": generate_gradient_colors("#000000", "#FFFFFF"), "藍→紅 (發散)": generate_gradient_colors("#0000FF", "#FF0000"), "綠→紫 (發散)": generate_gradient_colors("#00FF00", "#800080"), "彩虹 (簡易)": ["#FF0000", "#FF7F00", "#FFFF00", "#00FF00", "#0000FF", "#4B0082", "#9400D3"]}
def generate_color_cards():
common_cards = "".join([COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE.format(color_name=name, color_hex=hex_code) for name, hex_code in COMMON_COLORS.items()])
gradient_cards_html = ""
for name, colors in GRADIENTS.items():
cards = "".join([COLOR_CARD_TEMPLATE.format(color_name=f"{name} {i+1}/{len(colors)}", color_hex=color) for i, color in enumerate(colors)])
gradient_cards_html += f"""<div style="font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: #555;">{name}</div>{COLOR_CARD_STYLE.format(color_cards=cards)}"""
return f"""<div style="font-weight: bold; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 14px; color: #555;">常用單色</div>{COLOR_CARD_STYLE.format(color_cards=common_cards)}{gradient_cards_html}{COPY_SCRIPT}"""
# --- 數據處理相關 ---
def agg_function_map(func_name):
mapping = {"計數": "count", "求和": "sum", "平均值": "mean", "中位數": "median", "最大值": "max", "最小值": "min", "標準差": "std", "變異數": "var", "第一筆": "first", "最後一筆": "last"}
return mapping.get(func_name, "count")
def parse_custom_colors(color_text):
custom_colors = {}
if color_text and isinstance(color_text, str) and color_text.strip():
try:
pairs = [p.strip() for p in color_text.split(',') if p.strip()]
for pair in pairs:
if ':' in pair:
key, value = pair.split(':', 1); key, value = key.strip(), value.strip()
if re.match(r"^#(?:[0-9a-fA-F]{3}){1,2}$", value): custom_colors[key] = value
else: print(f"警告:忽略無效的顏色代碼 '{value}' for key '{key}'")
except Exception as e: print(f"解析自定義顏色時出錯: {e}"); return {}
return custom_colors
def update_patterns(*patterns_input):
return [p for p in patterns_input if p in PATTERN_TYPES and p != "無"]
# =========================================
# == 數據處理函數 (Data Processing Functions) ==
# =========================================
def process_upload(file):
if file is None: return None, "❌ 未上傳任何文件。"
try:
file_path = file.name; file_type = file_path.split('.')[-1].lower()
if file_type == 'csv':
try: df = pd.read_csv(file_path, encoding='utf-8')
except UnicodeDecodeError:
try: df = pd.read_csv(file_path, encoding='big5')
except Exception as e: return None, f"❌ 無法使用 UTF-8 或 Big5 解碼 CSV 文件: {e}"
except Exception as e: return None, f"❌ 讀取 CSV 文件時出錯: {e}"
elif file_type in ['xls', 'xlsx']:
try: df = pd.read_excel(file_path)
except Exception as e: return None, f"❌ 讀取 Excel 文件時出錯: {e}"
else: return None, f"❌ 不支持的文件類型: '{file_type}'。請上傳 CSV 或 Excel 文件。"
df.columns = df.columns.str.strip()
return df, f"✅ 成功載入 '{file_path.split('/')[-1]}',共 {len(df)} 行,{len(df.columns)} 列。"
except Exception as e: print(f"處理上傳文件時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, f"❌ 處理文件時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
def parse_data(text_data):
if not text_data or not text_data.strip(): return None, "❌ 未輸入任何數據。"
try:
data_io = io.StringIO(text_data.strip()); first_line = data_io.readline().strip(); data_io.seek(0)
if ',' in first_line: separator = ','
elif '\t' in first_line: separator = '\t'
elif ' ' in first_line: separator = r'\s+'
else: separator = ','
try: df = pd.read_csv(data_io, sep=separator, skipinitialspace=True)
except pd.errors.ParserError as pe: return None, f"❌ 解析數據時出錯:可能是分隔符錯誤或數據格式問題。檢測到的分隔符: '{separator}'. 錯誤: {pe}"
except Exception as e: return None, f"❌ 解析數據時出錯: {e}"
df.columns = df.columns.str.strip()
return df, f"✅ 成功解析數據,共 {len(df)} 行,{len(df.columns)} 列。"
except Exception as e: print(f"解析文本數據時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, f"❌ 解析數據時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
def update_columns_as_radio(df):
"""更新列選擇為 Radio 選項,並為 Y/Group/Size 軸添加 '無'"""
no_data_choices = [NO_DATA_STR]
no_data_choices_with_none = [NONE_STR, NO_DATA_STR]
if df is None or df.empty:
no_data_update = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices, value=no_data_choices[0])
no_data_update_with_none = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices_with_none, value=NONE_STR)
return no_data_update, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none
try:
columns = df.columns.tolist()
valid_columns = [str(col) for col in columns if col is not None and str(col) != ""]
if not valid_columns:
no_data_update = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices, value=no_data_choices[0])
no_data_update_with_none = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices_with_none, value=NONE_STR)
return no_data_update, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none
x_default = valid_columns[0]
y_default = NONE_STR if len(valid_columns) <= 1 else valid_columns[1]
y_choices = [NONE_STR] + valid_columns
group_choices = [NONE_STR] + valid_columns
size_choices = [NONE_STR] + valid_columns
return (gr.Radio(choices=valid_columns, value=x_default, label="X軸 / 類別"),
gr.Radio(choices=y_choices, value=y_default, label="Y軸 / 數值"),
gr.Radio(choices=group_choices, value=NONE_STR, label="分組列"),
gr.Radio(choices=size_choices, value=NONE_STR, label="大小列"))
except Exception as e:
print(f"更新列選項 (Radio) 時出錯: {e}")
no_data_update = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices, value=no_data_choices[0])
no_data_update_with_none = gr.Radio(choices=no_data_choices_with_none, value=NONE_STR)
return no_data_update, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none, no_data_update_with_none
# =========================================
# == 圖表創建核心函數 (Core Plotting Function) ==
# =========================================
def create_plot(df, chart_type, x_column, y_column, group_column=None, size_column=None,
color_scheme_name="預設 (Plotly)", patterns=[], title="", width=800, height=500,
show_grid_str="是", show_legend_str="是", agg_func_name="計數", custom_colors_dict={}):
"""
根據用戶選擇創建 Plotly 圖表 (已加入 Null/空白 過濾)。 V5.2 版
"""
# --- 添加調試信息 ---
print("-" * 20, file=sys.stderr)
print(f"調用 create_plot:", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - df type: {type(df)}", file=sys.stderr)
if isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame):
print(f" - df empty: {df.empty}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - df shape: {df.shape}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - chart_type: {chart_type}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - x_column: {x_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - y_column: {y_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - group_column: {group_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - size_column: {size_column}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - agg_func_name: {agg_func_name}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - show_grid_str: {show_grid_str}", file=sys.stderr)
print(f" - show_legend_str: {show_legend_str}", file=sys.stderr)
print("-" * 20, file=sys.stderr)
# --- 結束調試信息 ---
fig = go.Figure()
try:
# --- 0. 將 "是"/"否" 轉換為布林值 ---
show_grid = True if show_grid_str == "是" else False
show_legend = True if show_legend_str == "是" else False
# --- 1. 輸入驗證 (更嚴格) ---
if df is None or not isinstance(df, pd.DataFrame) or df.empty:
raise ValueError("沒有有效的 DataFrame 數據可供繪圖。請先載入數據。")
if not chart_type: raise ValueError("請選擇圖表類型。")
if not agg_func_name: raise ValueError("請選擇聚合函數。")
if not x_column or x_column == NO_DATA_STR: raise ValueError("請選擇有效的 X 軸或類別列。")
# 檢查列是否存在
if x_column not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"X 軸列 '{x_column}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
# 判斷是否需要 Y 軸 (修正 V5.1 錯誤: y_column 可能來自 Radio 且值為 NONE_STR)
y_column_selected = None if y_column == NONE_STR or y_column == NO_DATA_STR or not y_column else y_column
y_needed = agg_func_name != "計數" and chart_type not in ["直方圖"]
if y_needed:
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError("此圖表類型和聚合函數需要選擇有效的 Y 軸或數值列 (不能選 '無')。")
if y_column_selected not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
# else:
# y_column_selected 保持為 None
# 處理可選列 (從 Radio 傳來的值可能是 NONE_STR)
group_col = None if group_column == NONE_STR or not group_column else group_column
size_col = None if size_column == NONE_STR or not size_column else size_column
if group_col and group_col not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"分組列 '{group_col}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
if size_col and size_col not in df.columns: raise ValueError(f"大小列 '{size_col}' 不在數據中。可用列: {', '.join(df.columns)}")
if group_col == x_column: raise ValueError("分組列不能與 X 軸列相同。")
df_processed = df.copy()
print(f"原始數據行數: {len(df_processed)}", file=sys.stderr)
# --- NEW: 過濾 Null/空白值 ---
columns_to_filter = [x_column]
if y_needed and y_column_selected: # Filter Y only if it's needed and selected
columns_to_filter.append(y_column_selected)
if group_col:
columns_to_filter.append(group_col)
valid_columns_to_filter = [col for col in columns_to_filter if col in df_processed.columns]
if valid_columns_to_filter:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
df_processed.dropna(subset=valid_columns_to_filter, inplace=True)
print(f"移除 Null ({', '.join(valid_columns_to_filter)}) 後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
else:
print("警告: 沒有有效的列用於 Null 值過濾。", file=sys.stderr)
if x_column in df_processed.columns:
try:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
df_processed = df_processed[df_processed[x_column].astype(str).str.strip() != '']
print(f"移除 X 軸 '{x_column}' 空白字符串後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
except Exception as e:
print(f"警告: 過濾 X 軸 '{x_column}' 空白字符串時出錯: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
if group_col and group_col in df_processed.columns:
try:
original_rows = len(df_processed)
df_processed = df_processed[df_processed[group_col].astype(str).str.strip() != '']
print(f"移除分組列 '{group_col}' 空白字符串後行數: {len(df_processed)} (減少 {original_rows - len(df_processed)} 行)", file=sys.stderr)
except Exception as e:
print(f"警告: 過濾分組列 '{group_col}' 空白字符串時出錯: {e}", file=sys.stderr)
if df_processed.empty:
raise ValueError("過濾掉 Null 或空白值後,沒有剩餘數據可供繪圖。")
# --- END NEW ---
# --- 2. 數據類型轉換與準備 ---
df_processed[x_column] = df_processed[x_column].astype(str)
if group_col:
df_processed[group_col] = df_processed[group_col].astype(str)
# 僅在需要時轉換 Y 軸和大小列
if y_column_selected:
try: df_processed[y_column_selected] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[y_column_selected], errors='coerce')
except Exception as e: print(f"警告:轉換 Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 為數值時出錯: {e}")
if size_col:
try: df_processed[size_col] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[size_col], errors='coerce')
except Exception as e: print(f"警告:轉換大小列 '{size_col}' 為數值時出錯: {e}")
# --- 3. 數據聚合 (如果需要) ---
needs_aggregation = chart_type not in ["散點圖", "氣泡圖", "直方圖", "箱型圖", "小提琴圖", "甘特圖"]
agg_df = None
y_col_agg = y_column_selected # 使用處理過的 Y 軸列名 (可能為 None)
if needs_aggregation:
grouping_cols = [x_column] + ([group_col] if group_col else [])
if agg_func_name == "計數":
agg_df = df_processed.groupby(grouping_cols, observed=False, dropna=False).size().reset_index(name='__count__')
y_col_agg = '__count__'
else:
agg_func_pd = agg_function_map(agg_func_name)
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError(f"聚合函數 '{agg_func_name}' 需要一個有效的 Y 軸數值列 (不能選 '無')。")
# 確保 Y 軸是數值類型 (除非 first/last)
if agg_func_pd not in ['first', 'last']:
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(df_processed[y_column_selected]):
try: df_processed[y_column_selected] = pd.to_numeric(df_processed[y_column_selected], errors='raise')
except (ValueError, TypeError): raise ValueError(f"Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 必須是數值類型才能執行聚合 '{agg_func_name}'。")
# 檢查轉換後是否有非 NaN 值
if df_processed[y_column_selected].isnull().all():
raise ValueError(f"Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 在轉換為數值後全為無效值 (NaN),無法執行聚合 '{agg_func_name}'。")
try:
# 執行聚合
agg_df = df_processed.groupby(grouping_cols, observed=False, dropna=False)[y_column_selected].agg(agg_func_pd)
agg_df = agg_df.reset_index()
y_col_agg = y_column_selected # 保持原始列名
except Exception as agg_e:
raise ValueError(f"執行聚合 '{agg_func_name}' 時出錯: {agg_e}")
else:
agg_df = df_processed
y_col_agg = y_column_selected # 保持處理過的 Y 軸列名 (可能為 None)
if agg_df is None or agg_df.empty:
raise ValueError("數據聚合或處理後沒有產生有效結果。")
# 確保繪圖所需的列存在於 agg_df 中
required_cols_for_plot = [x_column]
# 修正:只有在 y_col_agg 實際有值(不是 None)時才加入檢查
if y_col_agg is not None: required_cols_for_plot.append(y_col_agg)
if group_col: required_cols_for_plot.append(group_col)
if size_col: required_cols_for_plot.append(size_col)
missing_cols = [col for col in required_cols_for_plot if col not in agg_df.columns]
if missing_cols:
raise ValueError(f"處理後的數據缺少繪圖所需的列: {', '.join(missing_cols)}")
# --- 4. 獲取顏色方案 ---
colors = COLOR_SCHEMES.get(color_scheme_name, px.colors.qualitative.Plotly)
# --- 5. 創建圖表 (核心邏輯) ---
fig_params = {"title": title, "color_discrete_sequence": colors, "width": width, "height": height}
if group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig_params["color_discrete_map"] = custom_colors_dict
effective_y = y_col_agg # 使用聚合後或處理過的 Y 軸列名
# --- (繪圖邏輯開始) ---
# 修正:繪圖時使用 y_column_selected (處理過的 Y 軸) 而不是原始 y_column
# 修正:甘特圖需要原始 df,而不是 df_processed 或 agg_df
if chart_type == "長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "堆疊長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("堆疊長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='stack', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "百分比堆疊長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("百分比堆疊長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='relative', text_auto='.1%', **fig_params)
fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="百分比 (%)")
elif chart_type == "群組長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("群組長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, barmode='group', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "水平長條圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("水平長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, y=x_column, x=effective_y, color=group_col, orientation='h', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, markers=True, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "多重折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("多重折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, markers=True, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "階梯折線圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("階梯折線圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.line(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, line_shape='hv', **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "堆疊區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("堆疊區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, groupnorm=None, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "百分比堆疊區域圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("百分比堆疊區域圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.area(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, groupnorm='percent', **fig_params)
fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="百分比 (%)")
elif chart_type == "圓餅圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("圓餅圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if group_col: print("警告:圓餅圖不支持分組列,已忽略。")
fig = px.pie(agg_df, names=x_column, values=effective_y, **fig_params)
if not group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig.update_traces(marker=dict(colors=[custom_colors_dict.get(str(cat), colors[i % len(colors)]) for i, cat in enumerate(agg_df[x_column])]))
elif chart_type == "環形圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("環形圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if group_col: print("警告:環形圖不支持分組列,已忽略。")
fig = px.pie(agg_df, names=x_column, values=effective_y, hole=0.4, **fig_params)
if not group_col and custom_colors_dict: fig.update_traces(marker=dict(colors=[custom_colors_dict.get(str(cat), colors[i % len(colors)]) for i, cat in enumerate(agg_df[x_column])]))
elif chart_type == "散點圖":
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError("散點圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
fig = px.scatter(agg_df, x=x_column, y=y_column_selected, color=group_col, size=size_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "氣泡圖":
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError("氣泡圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not size_col: raise ValueError("氣泡圖需要指定 '大小列'。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[size_col]): raise ValueError(f"大小列 '{size_col}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.scatter(agg_df, x=x_column, y=y_column_selected, color=group_col, size=size_col, size_max=60, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "直方圖":
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[x_column]): raise ValueError(f"直方圖的 X 軸列 '{x_column}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.histogram(agg_df, x=x_column, color=group_col, **fig_params); fig.update_layout(yaxis_title="計數")
elif chart_type == "箱型圖":
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError("箱型圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[y_column_selected]): raise ValueError(f"箱型圖的 Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.box(agg_df, x=group_col, y=y_column_selected, color=group_col, **fig_params)
if not group_col: fig = px.box(agg_df, y=y_column_selected, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "小提琴圖":
if not y_column_selected: raise ValueError("小提琴圖需要選擇 Y 軸列。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[y_column_selected]): raise ValueError(f"小提琴圖的 Y 軸列 '{y_column_selected}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.violin(agg_df, x=group_col, y=y_column_selected, color=group_col, box=True, points="all", **fig_params)
if not group_col: fig = px.violin(agg_df, y=y_column_selected, box=True, points="all", **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "熱力圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("熱力圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not group_col: raise ValueError("熱力圖需要 X 軸、Y 軸 和一個 分組列。")
try:
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"熱力圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
pivot_df = pd.pivot_table(agg_df, values=effective_y, index=group_col, columns=x_column, aggfunc=agg_function_map(agg_func_name) if agg_func_name != "計數" else 'size')
fig = px.imshow(pivot_df, color_continuous_scale=px.colors.sequential.Viridis, aspect="auto", text_auto=True, **fig_params);
fig.update_layout(coloraxis_showscale=True)
except Exception as pivot_e: raise ValueError(f"創建熱力圖的數據透視表時出錯: {pivot_e}")
elif chart_type == "樹狀圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("樹狀圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
path = [group_col, x_column] if group_col else [x_column]
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"樹狀圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.treemap(agg_df, path=path, values=effective_y, color=group_col if group_col else x_column, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "雷達圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("雷達圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = go.Figure()
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"雷達圖的徑向值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
if not group_col:
theta = agg_df[x_column].tolist(); r = agg_df[effective_y].tolist(); theta.append(theta[0]); r.append(r[0])
fig.add_trace(go.Scatterpolar(r=r, theta=theta, fill='toself', name=effective_y if effective_y != '__count__' else '計數', line_color=colors[0]))
else:
categories = agg_df[group_col].unique()
for i, category in enumerate(categories):
subset = agg_df[agg_df[group_col] == category]; theta = subset[x_column].tolist(); r = subset[effective_y].tolist(); theta.append(theta[0]); r.append(r[0])
color = custom_colors_dict.get(str(category), colors[i % len(colors)])
fig.add_trace(go.Scatterpolar(r=r, theta=theta, fill='toself', name=str(category), line_color=color))
fig.update_layout(polar=dict(radialaxis=dict(visible=True)), showlegend=show_legend, title=title, width=width, height=height)
elif chart_type == "漏斗圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("漏斗圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"漏斗圖的值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
sorted_df = agg_df.sort_values(by=effective_y, ascending=False)
fig = px.funnel(sorted_df, x=effective_y, y=x_column, color=group_col, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "極座標圖":
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("極座標圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
if not pd.api.types.is_numeric_dtype(agg_df[effective_y]): raise ValueError(f"極座標圖的徑向值列 '{effective_y}' 必須是數值類型。")
fig = px.bar_polar(agg_df, r=effective_y, theta=x_column, color=group_col if group_col else x_column, **fig_params)
elif chart_type == "甘特圖":
start_col_gantt = y_column_selected; end_col_gantt = group_col; task_col_gantt = x_column
if not start_col_gantt or not end_col_gantt: raise ValueError("甘特圖需要指定 開始列 (Y軸) 和 結束列 (分組列)。")
try:
df_gantt = df.copy() # 使用原始 df
if start_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"開始列 '{start_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
if end_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"結束列 '{end_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
if task_col_gantt not in df_gantt.columns: raise ValueError(f"任務列 '{task_col_gantt}' 不在數據中。")
df_gantt['_start_'] = pd.to_datetime(df_gantt[start_col_gantt], errors='coerce')
df_gantt['_end_'] = pd.to_datetime(df_gantt[end_col_gantt], errors='coerce')
if df_gantt['_start_'].isnull().any(): raise ValueError(f"開始列 '{start_col_gantt}' 包含無效或無法解析的日期時間格式。")
if df_gantt['_end_'].isnull().any(): raise ValueError(f"結束列 '{end_col_gantt}' 包含無效或無法解析的日期時間格式。")
fig = px.timeline(df_gantt, x_start='_start_', x_end='_end_', y=task_col_gantt, color=size_col if size_col else None, title=title, color_discrete_sequence=colors, width=width, height=height)
fig.update_layout(xaxis_type="date")
except Exception as gantt_e: raise ValueError(f"創建甘特圖時出錯: {gantt_e}")
else:
print(f"警告:未知的圖表類型 '{chart_type}',使用長條圖代替。")
if not effective_y: raise ValueError("長條圖需要 Y 軸數值或 '計數' 聚合。")
fig = px.bar(agg_df, x=x_column, y=effective_y, color=group_col, **fig_params)
# --- (繪圖邏輯結束) ---
# --- 6. 應用圖案 (如果支持) ---
if patterns:
try:
num_traces = len(fig.data)
if chart_type in ["長條圖", "堆疊長條圖", "百分比堆疊長條圖", "群組長條圖", "水平長條圖", "圓餅圖", "環形圖"]:
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns)
if patterns[pattern_index] != "無": trace.marker.pattern.shape = patterns[pattern_index]; trace.marker.pattern.solidity = 0.4; trace.marker.pattern.fillmode = "replace"
elif chart_type in ["散點圖", "氣泡圖"]:
symbol_map = {"/": "diamond", "\\": "square", "x": "x", "-": "line-ew", "|": "line-ns", "+": "cross", ".": "circle-dot"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); symbol = symbol_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if symbol: trace.marker.symbol = symbol
elif chart_type in ["折線圖", "多重折線圖", "階梯折線圖"]:
dash_map = {"/": "dash", "\\": "dot", "x": "dashdot", "-": "longdash", "|": "solid", "+": "solid", ".": "solid"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); dash = dash_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if dash: trace.line.dash = dash
elif chart_type in ["區域圖", "堆疊區域圖", "百分比堆疊區域圖"]:
print("提示:區域圖的圖案填充支持有限,將嘗試應用線型。")
dash_map = {"/": "dash", "\\": "dot", "x": "dashdot", "-": "longdash"}
for i, trace in enumerate(fig.data):
pattern_index = i % len(patterns); dash = dash_map.get(patterns[pattern_index])
if dash: trace.line.dash = dash; trace.fill = 'tonexty' if hasattr(trace, 'stackgroup') and trace.stackgroup else 'tozeroy'
except Exception as pattern_e: print(f"應用圖案時出錯: {pattern_e}")
# --- 7. 更新佈局 ---
fig.update_layout(
showlegend=show_legend, xaxis=dict(showgrid=show_grid), yaxis=dict(showgrid=show_grid),
template="plotly_white", margin=dict(l=60, r=40, t=80 if title else 40, b=60),
font=dict(family="Inter, sans-serif", size=12),
hoverlabel=dict(bgcolor="white", font_size=12, font_family="Inter, sans-serif"),
legend=dict(orientation="h", yanchor="bottom", y=1.02, xanchor="right", x=1) if show_legend else None,
)
# 根據圖表類型更新軸標籤
final_y_label = y_col_agg if y_col_agg != '__count__' else '計數'
if chart_type in ["圓餅圖", "環形圖", "漏斗圖", "樹狀圖"]: fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=None, yaxis_title=None)
elif chart_type == "水平長條圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=final_y_label, yaxis_title=x_column)
elif chart_type == "直方圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=x_column, yaxis_title='計數')
elif chart_type == "甘特圖": fig.update_layout(xaxis_title="時間", yaxis_title=x_column) # 使用 x_column 作為任務軸標籤
else: fig.update_layout(xaxis_title=x_column, yaxis_title=final_y_label)
except ValueError as ve:
print(f"圖表創建錯誤 (ValueError): {ve}", file=sys.stderr); traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
fig = go.Figure(); fig.add_annotation(text=f"⚠️ 創建圖表時出錯:<br>{ve}", align='left', showarrow=False, font=dict(size=14, color="red")); fig.update_layout(xaxis_visible=False, yaxis_visible=False)
except Exception as e:
error_message = f"❌ 創建圖表時發生未預期錯誤:\n{traceback.format_exc()}"; print(error_message, file=sys.stderr)
fig = go.Figure(); user_error_msg = f"⚠️ 創建圖表時發生內部錯誤。<br>請檢查數據和設置。<br>詳細錯誤: {str(e)[:100]}..."; fig.add_annotation(text=user_error_msg, align='left', showarrow=False, font=dict(size=14, color="red")); fig.update_layout(xaxis_visible=False, yaxis_visible=False)
print("create_plot 函數執行完畢。", file=sys.stderr) # 調試信息
return fig
# =========================================
# == 導出與下載函數 (Export & Download Functions) ==
# =========================================
# (與 V4 相同)
def export_data(df, format_type):
if df is None or df.empty: return None, "❌ 沒有數據可以導出。"
try:
if format_type == "CSV": filename = "exported_data.csv"; df.to_csv(filename, index=False, encoding='utf-8-sig')
elif format_type == "Excel": filename = "exported_data.xlsx"; df.to_excel(filename, index=False)
elif format_type == "JSON": filename = "exported_data.json"; df.to_json(filename, orient="records", indent=4, force_ascii=False)
else: return None, f"❌ 不支持的導出格式: {format_type}"
return filename, f"✅ 數據已成功準備為 {format_type} 格式,點擊下方鏈接下載。"
except Exception as e: print(f"導出數據時出錯: {e}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, f"❌ 導出數據時出錯: {e}"
def download_figure(fig, format_type="PNG"):
if fig is None or not fig.data: return None, "❌ 沒有圖表可以導出。"
try:
format_lower = format_type.lower(); filename = f"chart_export.{format_lower}"
import kaleido # 確保導入
fig.write_image(filename, format=format_lower)
return filename, f"✅ 圖表已成功準備為 {format_type} 格式,點擊下方鏈接下載。"
except ImportError: error_msg = "❌ 導出圖表失敗:需要 Kaleido 套件。請在環境中安裝 `pip install -U kaleido`。"; print(error_msg); return None, error_msg
except ValueError as ve:
if "kaleido" in str(ve).lower(): error_msg = "❌ 導出圖表失敗:Kaleido 套件無法運行。請檢查其依賴項或嘗試重新安裝。"; print(f"{error_msg}\n{ve}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, error_msg
else: print(f"導出圖表時出錯 (ValueError): {ve}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, f"❌ 導出圖表時出錯: {ve}"
except Exception as e: print(f"導出圖表時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"); traceback.print_exc(); return None, f"❌ 導出圖表時發生未預期錯誤: {e}"
# =========================================
# == 智能推薦函數 (Recommendation Function) ==
# =========================================
# (與 V4 相同)
def recommend_chart_settings(df):
recommendation = {"chart_type": None, "x_column": None, "y_column": None, "group_column": "無", "agg_function": None, "message": "無法提供推薦。"}
if df is None or df.empty: recommendation["message"] = "ℹ️ 請先上傳或輸入數據。"; return recommendation
columns = df.columns.tolist(); num_cols = df.select_dtypes(include=np.number).columns.tolist(); cat_cols = df.select_dtypes(include=['object', 'category', 'string']).columns.tolist()
date_cols = [col for col in columns if pd.api.types.is_datetime64_any_dtype(df[col]) or ('日期' in col or '時間' in col)]
try:
if date_cols and num_cols: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "折線圖", "x_column": date_cols[0], "y_column": num_cols[0], "agg_function": "平均值", "message": f"檢測到時間列 '{date_cols[0]}' 和數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用折線圖顯示趨勢。"})
elif len(num_cols) >= 2: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "散點圖", "x_column": num_cols[0], "y_column": num_cols[1], "agg_function": None, "message": f"檢測到數值列 '{num_cols[0]}' 和 '{num_cols[1]}',推薦使用散點圖分析相關性。"})
elif cat_cols and num_cols: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "長條圖", "x_column": cat_cols[0], "y_column": num_cols[0], "agg_function": "平均值", "message": f"檢測到類別列 '{cat_cols[0]}' 和數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用長條圖比較各類別的數值。"})
elif len(cat_cols) >= 2: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "堆疊長條圖", "x_column": cat_cols[0], "y_column": None, "group_column": cat_cols[1], "agg_function": "計數", "message": f"檢測到多個類別列 ('{cat_cols[0]}', '{cat_cols[1]}', ...),推薦使用堆疊長條圖顯示計數分佈。"})
elif cat_cols: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "長條圖", "x_column": cat_cols[0], "y_column": None, "agg_function": "計數", "message": f"檢測到類別列 '{cat_cols[0]}',推薦使用長條圖顯示其頻數分佈。"})
elif num_cols: recommendation.update({"chart_type": "直方圖", "x_column": num_cols[0], "y_column": None, "agg_function": None, "message": f"檢測到數值列 '{num_cols[0]}',推薦使用直方圖查看其分佈。"})
else: recommendation["message"] = "無法根據當前數據結構提供明確的圖表推薦。"
except Exception as e: recommendation["message"] = f"❌ 推薦時出錯: {e}"; print(f"智能推薦時出錯: {e}"); traceback.print_exc()
if recommendation["x_column"] and recommendation["x_column"] not in columns: recommendation["x_column"] = None
if recommendation["y_column"] and recommendation["y_column"] not in columns: recommendation["y_column"] = None
if recommendation["group_column"] != "無" and recommendation["group_column"] not in columns: recommendation["group_column"] = "無"
if recommendation["agg_function"] and recommendation["agg_function"] != "計數" and not recommendation["y_column"]: recommendation["agg_function"] = None; recommendation["message"] += " (無法確定聚合的數值列)"
if recommendation["agg_function"] == "計數": recommendation["y_column"] = None
return recommendation
# =========================================
# == CSS 樣式 (CSS Styling) ==
# =========================================
# (移除 Dropdown CSS)
CUSTOM_CSS = """
/* --- 全局和容器 --- */
.gradio-container { font-family: 'Inter', 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif; background: #f8f9fa; }
/* --- 應用程式標頭 --- */
.app-header { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 25px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea 0%, #764ba2 100%); padding: 25px 20px; border-radius: 12px; color: white; box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); }
.app-title { font-size: 2.2em; font-weight: 700; margin: 0; letter-spacing: 1px; text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); }
.app-subtitle { font-size: 1.1em; color: #e0e0e0; margin-top: 8px; font-weight: 300; }
/* --- 區塊標題 --- */
.section-title { font-size: 1.4em; font-weight: 600; color: #343a40; border-bottom: 3px solid #7367f0; padding-bottom: 8px; margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
/* --- 卡片樣式 --- */
.card { background-color: white; border-radius: 10px; padding: 20px; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); margin-bottom: 20px; transition: transform 0.25s ease-out, box-shadow 0.25s ease-out; border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; }
.card:hover { transform: translateY(-4px); box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12); }
/* --- 按鈕樣式 --- */
.primary-button { background: linear-gradient(to right, #667eea, #764ba2) !important; border: none !important; color: white !important; font-weight: 600 !important; padding: 10px 20px !important; border-radius: 8px !important; cursor: pointer !important; transition: all 0.3s ease !important; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important; }
.primary-button:hover { background: linear-gradient(to right, #764ba2, #667eea) !important; transform: translateY(-2px) !important; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important; }
.secondary-button { background: linear-gradient(to right, #89f7fe, #66a6ff) !important; border: none !important; color: #333 !important; font-weight: 600 !important; padding: 8px 16px !important; border-radius: 8px !important; cursor: pointer !important; transition: all 0.3s ease !important; box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.1) !important; }
.secondary-button:hover { background: linear-gradient(to right, #66a6ff, #89f7fe) !important; transform: translateY(-2px) !important; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15) !important; }
/* --- 下拉選單修正 (Dropdown Fix) --- */
/* 移除自定義下拉選單樣式,使用 Gradio 預設 */
/* --- 其他 UI 元素 --- */
.tips-box { background-color: #e7f3ff; border-left: 5px solid #66a6ff; padding: 15px 20px; border-radius: 8px; margin: 20px 0; font-size: 0.95em; color: #333; }
.tips-box code { background-color: #d1e7fd; padding: 2px 5px; border-radius: 4px; font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; }
.chart-previewer { border: 2px dashed #ced4da; border-radius: 10px; padding: 15px; min-height: 400px; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; background-color: #ffffff; box-shadow: inset 0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); margin-top: 10px; }
.gradio-dataframe table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 0.9em; }
.gradio-dataframe th, .gradio-dataframe td { border: 1px solid #dee2e6; padding: 8px 10px; text-align: left; }
.gradio-dataframe th { background-color: #f8f9fa; font-weight: 600; }
.gradio-dataframe tr:nth-child(even) { background-color: #f8f9fa; }
.color-customization-input textarea { font-family: 'Courier New', Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.9em; }
.gradio-tabs .tab-nav button { padding: 10px 20px !important; font-weight: 500 !important; border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0 !important; transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease !important; }
.gradio-tabs .tab-nav button.selected { background-color: #667eea !important; color: white !important; border-bottom: none !important; }
.gradio-slider label { margin-bottom: 5px !important; }
.gradio-slider input[type="range"] { cursor: pointer !important; }
/* Radio Button 樣式調整 */
.gradio-radio fieldset { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px 15px; } /* 嘗試讓選項水平排列並換行 */
.gradio-radio label { margin-bottom: 0 !important; padding: 5px 0 !important; } /* 調整標籤間距 */
.gradio-radio input[type="radio"] { margin-right: 5px !important; }
.gradio-textbox textarea, .gradio-textbox input { border-radius: 6px !important; border: 1px solid #ced4da !important; padding: 10px !important; }
.gradio-textbox textarea:focus, .gradio-textbox input:focus { border-color: #80bdff !important; box-shadow: 0 0 0 0.2rem rgba(0,123,255,.25) !important; }
.gradio-file .hidden-upload, .gradio-file .download-button { border-radius: 6px !important; }
.gradio-file .upload-button { border-radius: 6px !important; background: #6c757d !important; color: white !important; padding: 8px 15px !important; }
.gradio-file .upload-button:hover { background: #5a6268 !important; }
/* Accordion 樣式微調 (如果重新啟用) */
/* .gradio-accordion > .label { font-weight: 600 !important; font-size: 1.1em !important; padding: 10px 0 !important; } */
"""
# =========================================
# == Gradio UI 介面定義 (Gradio UI Definition) ==
# =========================================
with gr.Blocks(css=CUSTOM_CSS, title="數據視覺化工具_Eddie", theme=gr.themes.Soft()) as demo:
# --- 應用程式標頭 ---
gr.HTML("""
<div class="app-header">
<h1 class="app-title">📊 數據視覺化工具_Eddie</h1>
<p class="app-subtitle">上傳或貼上數據,創建專業圖表 (極簡化測試版 - 修正)</p>
</div>
""")
# --- 狀態變量 ---
data_state = gr.State(None)
custom_colors_state = gr.State({}) # 只保留一組狀態
patterns_state = gr.State([])
recommendation_state = gr.State({})
# --- 主頁籤佈局 ---
with gr.Tabs() as tabs:
# --- 數據輸入頁籤 ---
with gr.TabItem("📁 數據輸入與管理", id=0):
with gr.Row():
with gr.Column(scale=2): # 左側:數據輸入
gr.HTML('<div class="section-title">1. 上傳或輸入數據</div>')
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["card"]):
gr.Markdown("您可以上傳本地的 CSV 或 Excel 文件,或直接在下方的文本框中貼上數據。")
file_upload = gr.File(label="上傳 CSV / Excel 文件", type="filepath")
upload_button = gr.Button("⬆️ 載入文件數據", elem_classes=["primary-button"])
upload_status = gr.Textbox(label="載入狀態", lines=1, interactive=False)
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["card"]):
csv_input = gr.Textbox(label="或者,在此貼上數據 (逗號、Tab 或空格分隔)", placeholder="例如:\n類別,數值\nA,10\nB,20\nC,15...", lines=8, elem_classes=["data-input-textbox"])
parse_button = gr.Button("📝 解析貼上數據", elem_classes=["primary-button"])
parse_status = gr.Textbox(label="解析狀態", lines=1, interactive=False)
with gr.Column(scale=3): # 右側:數據預覽與導出
gr.HTML('<div class="section-title">2. 數據預覽與導出</div>')
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["card"]):
gr.Markdown("下方將顯示載入或解析後的數據預覽。")
data_preview = gr.Dataframe(label="數據表格預覽", interactive=False)
with gr.Row():
export_format = gr.Radio(EXPORT_FORMATS_DATA, label="選擇導出格式", value="CSV") # Radio
export_button = gr.Button("⬇️ 導出預覽數據", elem_classes=["secondary-button"])
export_result = gr.File(label="導出文件下載", interactive=False)
export_status = gr.Textbox(label="導出狀態", lines=1, interactive=False)
# --- 圖表創建頁籤 (單圖表, 移除 Accordion, 使用 Radio) ---
with gr.TabItem("📈 圖表創建", id=1):
gr.HTML('<div class="section-title">創建圖表</div>')
gr.Markdown("在此設置並生成圖表。")
with gr.Row(): # 主 Row
# --- 設定欄 (左側 Column) ---
with gr.Column(scale=1):
gr.Markdown("### 📊 圖表設置")
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["card"]):
gr.Markdown("**基本設置**")
chart_type = gr.Radio(CHART_TYPES, label="圖表類型", value="長條圖", interactive=True) # Radio
recommend_button = gr.Button("🧠 智能推薦", elem_classes=["secondary-button"], size="sm")
chart_title = gr.Textbox(label="圖表標題", placeholder="我的圖表")
agg_function = gr.Radio(AGGREGATION_FUNCTIONS, label="聚合函數", value="計數") # Radio
gr.Markdown("**數據映射 (請選擇)**")
# 使用 Radio 進行欄位選擇 - 如果欄位過多會很長!
x_column = gr.Radio([NO_DATA_STR], label="X軸 / 類別", info="選擇圖表主要分類或 X 軸")
y_column = gr.Radio([NO_DATA_STR], label="Y軸 / 數值", info="選擇圖表數值或 Y 軸 (計數時可忽略)")
group_column = gr.Radio([NONE_STR, NO_DATA_STR], label="分組列", info="用於生成多系列或堆疊", value=NONE_STR)
size_column = gr.Radio([NONE_STR, NO_DATA_STR], label="大小列", info="用於氣泡圖等控制點的大小", value=NONE_STR)
gr.Markdown("**顯示選項**")
chart_width = gr.Slider(300, 1600, 700, step=50, label="寬度 (px)")
chart_height = gr.Slider(300, 1000, 450, step=50, label="高度 (px)")
show_grid = gr.Radio(YES_NO_CHOICES, label="顯示網格", value="是") # Radio
show_legend = gr.Radio(YES_NO_CHOICES, label="顯示圖例", value="是") # Radio
color_scheme = gr.Dropdown(list(COLOR_SCHEMES.keys()), label="顏色方案", value="預設 (Plotly)") # 保留 Dropdown
gr.HTML('<div style="margin-top: 10px;"><b>顏色參考</b> (點擊複製)</div>')
gr.HTML(generate_color_cards(), elem_id="color_display")
gr.Markdown("**圖案與自定義顏色**")
pattern1 = gr.Radio(PATTERN_TYPES, label="圖案1", value="無") # Radio
pattern2 = gr.Radio(PATTERN_TYPES, label="圖案2", value="無") # Radio
pattern3 = gr.Radio(PATTERN_TYPES, label="圖案3", value="無") # Radio
color_customization = gr.Textbox(label="自定義顏色", placeholder="類別A:#FF5733, 類別B:#33CFFF", info="格式: 類別名:十六進制顏色代碼, ...", elem_classes=["color-customization-input"])
# --- 預覽與操作欄 (右側 Column) ---
with gr.Column(scale=2):
# 操作按鈕 (預覽上方)
gr.HTML('<div class="section-title" style="margin-top:0; margin-bottom:10px;">操作</div>')
update_button = gr.Button("🔄 更新圖表", variant="primary", elem_classes=["primary-button"])
with gr.Row():
export_img_format = gr.Radio(EXPORT_FORMATS_IMG, label="導出格式", value="PNG", scale=1) # Radio
download_button = gr.Button("💾 導出圖表", elem_classes=["secondary-button"], scale=1)
export_chart = gr.File(label="圖表文件下載", interactive=False)
export_chart_status = gr.Textbox(label="導出狀態", lines=1, interactive=False)
# 預覽區域
gr.HTML('<div class="section-title" style="margin-top:20px; margin-bottom:10px;">圖表預覽</div>')
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["chart-previewer"]):
chart_output = gr.Plot(label="", elem_id="chart_preview")
# --- 使用說明頁籤 ---
with gr.TabItem("❓ 使用說明", id=2):
with gr.Group(elem_classes=["card"]):
gr.HTML("""
<div class="section-title">使用說明 (V5 - 極簡測試版)</div>
<h3>數據輸入</h3>
<ul><li>點擊 "上傳 CSV / Excel 文件" 按鈕選擇本地文件,或在文本框中直接貼上數據。</li><li>支持逗號 (<code>,</code>)、製表符 (<code>Tab</code>) 或空格 (<code> </code>) 分隔的數據。</li><li>第一行通常被視為欄位名稱(表頭)。</li><li>數據載入或解析成功後,會在右側顯示預覽。</li><li>您可以使用 "導出預覽數據" 功能將處理後的數據保存為 CSV、Excel 或 JSON 格式。</li></ul>
<h3>圖表創建</h3>
<ul><li>此頁面僅提供一個圖表進行測試。</li><li><strong>智能推薦:</strong>點擊 "智能推薦" 按鈕,系統會根據數據結構嘗試推薦合適的設置。</li><li><strong>圖表類型/聚合函數/圖案等:</strong>使用點選按鈕 (Radio) 進行選擇。</li>
<ul><li><strong style="color: #7367f0;">【重要】單欄計數:</strong>若要統計某一欄位中各個項目出現的次數,請在 <strong>X軸/類別</strong> 選擇該欄位,並將 <strong>聚合函數</strong> 設為 <strong>計數</strong>,此時 <strong>無需選擇 Y軸/數值</strong>。然後選擇「長條圖」或「圓餅圖」。</li></ul>
</li><li><strong>數據映射 (欄位選擇):</strong>使用點選按鈕 (Radio) 選擇 X軸、Y軸、分組列、大小列。<strong>注意:如果數據欄位過多,這裡會顯示得很長。</strong></li><li><strong>顯示選項/顏色/自定義:</strong>調整圖表外觀。顏色方案仍為下拉選單。</li><li>點擊 <strong>"更新圖表"</strong> 按鈕生成或刷新圖表預覽 (已移除自動更新)。</li><li>使用 "導出圖表" 功能將生成的圖表保存為圖片文件。</li></ul>
<h3>提示</h3>
<ul><li>如果圖表無法顯示或出現錯誤,請檢查數據格式、列選擇以及聚合函數是否合理。</li><li>如果欄位選擇的 Radio 按鈕區域過長或無法使用,表示此方法不適用於您的數據,且 Gradio 可能存在根本的元件衝突問題。</li></ul>
""")
# =========================================
# == 事件處理 (Event Handling) ==
# =========================================
# --- 數據載入與更新 ---
def load_data_and_update_ui_v5(df, status_msg):
"""輔助函數:更新數據狀態、預覽和所有列選擇 Radio"""
print("調用 load_data_and_update_ui_v5...", file=sys.stderr)
preview_df = df if df is not None else pd.DataFrame()
# 更新列選擇 Radio
col_updates = update_columns_as_radio(df)
if col_updates is None or len(col_updates) != 4:
print("警告: update_columns_as_radio 未返回預期的 4 個組件更新。", file=sys.stderr)
# 返回空更新,避免錯誤 (狀態, 消息, 預覽, 4個Radio, 1個Plot)
return [df, status_msg, preview_df] + [gr.update()] * 4 + [gr.Plot(value=None)]
# 準備所有更新 (狀態, 消息, 預覽表格, 4 個 Radio)
updates = [df, status_msg, preview_df] + list(col_updates)
# 添加一個空的 Plot 更新
updates.append(gr.Plot(value=None)) # 初始不繪圖
print(f"load_data_and_update_ui_v5 返回 {len(updates)} 個更新。", file=sys.stderr)
return updates
# 綁定數據載入事件 - 移除初始繪圖
upload_button.click(
process_upload,
inputs=[file_upload],
outputs=[data_state, upload_status]
).then(
load_data_and_update_ui_v5,
inputs=[data_state, upload_status],
outputs=[
data_state, upload_status, data_preview,
x_column, y_column, group_column, size_column, # 更新 Radio
chart_output # 更新 Plot 為空
]
)
parse_button.click(
parse_data,
inputs=[csv_input],
outputs=[data_state, parse_status]
).then(
load_data_and_update_ui_v5,
inputs=[data_state, parse_status],
outputs=[
data_state, parse_status, data_preview,
x_column, y_column, group_column, size_column,
chart_output
]
)
# --- 數據導出 ---
export_button.click(export_data, inputs=[data_state, export_format], outputs=[export_result, export_status])
# --- 顏色和圖案狀態 ---
color_customization.change(parse_custom_colors, inputs=[color_customization], outputs=[custom_colors_state])
patterns_inputs = [pattern1, pattern2, pattern3]
for pattern_radio in patterns_inputs: # 改為 Radio
pattern_radio.change(update_patterns, inputs=patterns_inputs, outputs=[patterns_state])
# --- 更新圖表 (僅通過按鈕) ---
chart_inputs = [data_state, chart_type, x_column, y_column, group_column, size_column, color_scheme, patterns_state, chart_title, chart_width, chart_height, show_grid, show_legend, agg_function, custom_colors_state]
def update_chart_action(*inputs):
"""按鈕點擊時的處理函數,包含調試信息"""
print("="*30, file=sys.stderr)
print("更新圖表按鈕點擊!", file=sys.stderr)
# 打印傳入 create_plot 的數據狀態
df_input = inputs[0] # data_state 在列表第一個
print(f" - data_state type in handler: {type(df_input)}", file=sys.stderr)
if isinstance(df_input, pd.DataFrame):
print(f" - data_state empty in handler: {df_input.empty}", file=sys.stderr)
else:
print(f" - data_state is not a DataFrame!", file=sys.stderr)
print("="*30, file=sys.stderr)
# 檢查 y_column 是否為 "無",如果是,傳遞 None 給 create_plot
processed_inputs = list(inputs)
if processed_inputs[3] == NONE_STR: # y_column 在列表索引 3 的位置
processed_inputs[3] = None
# 檢查 group_column 是否為 "無"
if processed_inputs[4] == NONE_STR: # group_column 在列表索引 4 的位置
processed_inputs[4] = None
# 檢查 size_column 是否為 "無"
if processed_inputs[5] == NONE_STR: # size_column 在列表索引 5 的位置
processed_inputs[5] = None
return create_plot(*processed_inputs) # 傳遞處理過的輸入
update_button.click(update_chart_action, inputs=chart_inputs, outputs=[chart_output])
# --- 導出圖表 ---
download_button.click(download_figure, inputs=[chart_output, export_img_format], outputs=[export_chart, export_chart_status])
# --- 智能推薦 ---
def apply_recommendation_v5(rec_dict):
if not isinstance(rec_dict, dict): print("警告:apply_recommendation 收到非字典輸入。"); return [gr.update()] * 5
chart_type_val = rec_dict.get("chart_type"); x_col_val = rec_dict.get("x_column"); agg_func_val = rec_dict.get("agg_function")
# Y 軸推薦值:如果是計數,則推薦 '無';否則推薦 Y 列名,如果 Y 列名為 None 也設為 '無'
y_col_val = NONE_STR if agg_func_val == "計數" else rec_dict.get("y_column", NONE_STR)
group_col_val = rec_dict.get("group_column", NONE_STR) # 默認為 "無"
# 返回 Radio 的更新對象
return [
gr.Radio(value=chart_type_val), # 更新 Chart Type Radio
gr.Radio(value=x_col_val), # 更新 X Column Radio
gr.Radio(value=y_col_val), # 更新 Y Column Radio
gr.Radio(value=group_col_val), # 更新 Group Column Radio
gr.Radio(value=agg_func_val) # 更新 Agg Function Radio
]
recommend_button.click(recommend_chart_settings, inputs=[data_state], outputs=[recommendation_state]).then(
apply_recommendation_v5, inputs=[recommendation_state], outputs=[chart_type, x_column, y_column, group_column, agg_function]
) # 應用推薦後不自動更新圖表,讓用戶點擊按鈕
# --- 圖表類型改變時更新 UI 元素可見性 ---
def update_element_visibility_v5(chart_type):
try:
# (與 V4 相同的邏輯)
is_pie_like = chart_type in ["圓餅圖", "環形圖", "漏斗圖", "樹狀圖"]; is_histogram = chart_type == "直方圖"
is_box_violin = chart_type in ["箱型圖", "小提琴圖"]; is_gantt = chart_type == "甘特圖"
is_heatmap = chart_type == "熱力圖"; is_radar = chart_type == "雷達圖"
y_label, y_needed = "Y軸 / 數值", True
if is_histogram: y_label, y_needed = "Y軸 (自動計數)", False
elif is_pie_like: y_label = "數值列 (用於大小/值)"
elif is_box_violin: y_label = "數值列"
elif is_gantt: y_label = "開始時間列"
elif is_radar: y_label = "徑向值 (R)"
group_label, group_needed = "分組列", chart_type in ["堆疊長條圖", "百分比堆疊長條圖", "群組長條圖", "水平長條圖", "折線圖", "多重折線圖", "階梯折線圖", "區域圖", "堆疊區域圖", "百分比堆疊區域圖", "散點圖", "氣泡圖", "箱型圖", "小提琴圖", "熱力圖", "雷達圖", "極座標圖"]
if is_gantt: group_label, group_needed = "結束時間列", True
elif is_heatmap: group_label, group_needed = "行/列 分組", True
size_label, size_needed = "大小列", chart_type in ["氣泡圖", "散點圖"]
if is_gantt: size_label, size_needed = "顏色列 (可選)", True
# 返回 Radio 的更新對象
return (gr.update(label=y_label, visible=y_needed), gr.update(label=group_label, visible=group_needed), gr.update(label=size_label, visible=size_needed))
except Exception as e: print(f"Error in update_element_visibility: {e}"); return (gr.update(), gr.update(), gr.update())
# 綁定到 Radio chart_type 的 change 事件
chart_type.change(update_element_visibility_v5, inputs=[chart_type], outputs=[y_column, group_column, size_column])
# =========================================
# == 應用程式啟動 (Launch Application) ==
# =========================================
if __name__ == "__main__":
demo.launch(debug=True)