app.py

import os
import glob
from typing import List, Tuple
import time

import gradio as gr
import numpy as np
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer 

# -----------------------------
# CONFIG
# -----------------------------
KB_DIR = "./kb"  # folder with .txt or .md files
EMBEDDING_MODEL_NAME = "sentence-transformers/all-MiniLM-L6-v2"
TOP_K = 3
CHUNK_SIZE = 500  # characters
CHUNK_OVERLAP = 100  # characters
MIN_SIMILARITY_THRESHOLD = 0.3  # Minimum similarity score to include results

# -----------------------------
# UTILITIES
# -----------------------------

def chunk_text(text: str, chunk_size: int = CHUNK_SIZE, overlap: int = CHUNK_OVERLAP) -> List[str]:
    """Split long text into overlapping chunks so retrieval is more precise."""
    if not text:
        return []

    chunks = []
    start = 0
    length = len(text)

    while start < length:
        end = min(start + chunk_size, length)
        chunk = text[start:end].strip()
        if chunk:
            chunks.append(chunk)
        start += chunk_size - overlap

    return chunks


def load_kb_texts(kb_dir: str = KB_DIR) -> List[Tuple[str, str]]:
    """
    Load all .txt and .md files from the KB directory.
    Returns a list of (source_name, content).
    """
    texts = []

    if os.path.isdir(kb_dir):
        paths = glob.glob(os.path.join(kb_dir, "*.txt")) + glob.glob(os.path.join(kb_dir, "*.md"))
        for path in paths:
            try:
                with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
                    content = f.read()
                if content.strip():
                    texts.append((os.path.basename(path), content))
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Could not read {path}: {e}")

    # If no files found, fall back to built-in demo content
    if not texts:
        print("No KB files found. Using built-in demo content.")
        demo_text = """
        Welcome to the Self-Service KB Assistant.

        This assistant is meant to help you find information inside a knowledge base.
        In a real setup, it would be connected to your own articles, procedures,
        troubleshooting guides and FAQs.

        Good knowledge base content is:
        - Clear and structured with headings, steps and expected outcomes.
        - Written in a customer-friendly tone.
        - Easy to scan, with short paragraphs and bullet points.
        - Maintained regularly to reflect product and process changes.

        Example use cases for a KB assistant:
        - Agents quickly searching for internal procedures.
        - Customers asking "how do I…" style questions.
        - Managers analyzing gaps in documentation based on repeated queries.
        """
        texts.append(("demo_content.txt", demo_text))

    return texts


# -----------------------------
# KB INDEX
# -----------------------------

class KBIndex:
    def __init__(self, model_name: str = EMBEDDING_MODEL_NAME):
        print("Loading embedding model...")
        self.model = SentenceTransformer(model_name)
        print("Embedding model loaded.")
        self.chunks: List[str] = []
        self.chunk_sources: List[str] = []
        self.embeddings = None
        self.build_index()

    def build_index(self):
        """Load KB texts, split into chunks, and build an embedding index."""
        texts = load_kb_texts(KB_DIR)
        all_chunks = []
        all_sources = []

        for source_name, content in texts:
            for chunk in chunk_text(content):
                all_chunks.append(chunk)
                all_sources.append(source_name)

        if not all_chunks:
            print("⚠️ No chunks found for KB index.")
            self.chunks = []
            self.chunk_sources = []
            self.embeddings = None
            return

        print(f"Creating embeddings for {len(all_chunks)} chunks...")
        embeddings = self.model.encode(all_chunks, show_progress_bar=False, convert_to_numpy=True)
        self.chunks = all_chunks
        self.chunk_sources = all_sources
        self.embeddings = embeddings
        print("KB index ready.")

    def search(self, query: str, top_k: int = TOP_K) -> List[Tuple[str, str, float]]:
        """Return top-k (chunk, source_name, score) for a given query."""
        if not query.strip():
            return []

        if self.embeddings is None or not len(self.chunks):
            return []

        query_vec = self.model.encode([query], show_progress_bar=False, convert_to_numpy=True)[0]

        # Cosine similarity
        dot_scores = np.dot(self.embeddings, query_vec)
        norm_docs = np.linalg.norm(self.embeddings, axis=1)
        norm_query = np.linalg.norm(query_vec) + 1e-10
        scores = dot_scores / (norm_docs * norm_query + 1e-10)

        top_idx = np.argsort(scores)[::-1][:top_k]
        results = []
        for idx in top_idx:
            results.append((self.chunks[idx], self.chunk_sources[idx], float(scores[idx])))

        return results


# Initialize KB index
print("Initializing KB index...")
kb_index = KBIndex()

# Initialize LLM for answer generation
print("Loading LLM for answer generation...")
try:
    from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
    import torch
    
    # Use a small but capable model for faster responses
    LLM_MODEL_NAME = "TinyLlama/TinyLlama-1.1B-Chat-v1.0"  # Fast and good quality
    
    print(f"Loading {LLM_MODEL_NAME}...")
    llm_tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(LLM_MODEL_NAME)
    llm_model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
        LLM_MODEL_NAME,
        torch_dtype=torch.float16 if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.float32,
        device_map="auto" if torch.cuda.is_available() else None,
    )
    
    if not torch.cuda.is_available():
        llm_model = llm_model.to("cpu")
    
    llm_model.eval()
    print(f"✅ LLM loaded successfully on {'GPU' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'CPU'}")
    llm_available = True
    
except Exception as e:
    print(f"⚠️ Could not load LLM: {e}")
    print("⚠️ Will use fallback mode (direct retrieval)")
    llm_available = False
    llm_tokenizer = None
    llm_model = None

print("✅ KB Assistant ready!")

# -----------------------------
# CHAT LOGIC (With LLM Answer Generation)
# -----------------------------

def clean_context(text: str) -> str:
    """Clean up text for context, removing markdown and excess whitespace."""
    # Remove markdown headers
    text = text.replace('#', '')
    # Remove multiple spaces
    text = ' '.join(text.split())
    return text.strip()


def generate_answer_with_llm(query: str, context: str, sources: List[str]) -> str:
    """
    Generate a natural, conversational answer using LLM based on retrieved context.
    """
    if not llm_available:
        return None
    
    # Create a focused prompt
    prompt = f"""<|system|>
You are a helpful knowledge base assistant. Answer the user's question based ONLY on the provided context. Be conversational, clear, and concise. If the context doesn't contain enough information, say so.
</s>
<|user|>
Context from knowledge base:
{context}

Question: {query}
</s>
<|assistant|>
"""
    
    try:
        # Tokenize
        inputs = llm_tokenizer(
            prompt,
            return_tensors="pt",
            truncation=True,
            max_length=1024
        )
        
        if torch.cuda.is_available():
            inputs = {k: v.to("cuda") for k, v in inputs.items()}
        
        # Generate
        with torch.no_grad():
            outputs = llm_model.generate(
                **inputs,
                max_new_tokens=256,
                temperature=0.7,
                top_p=0.9,
                do_sample=True,
                pad_token_id=llm_tokenizer.eos_token_id,
            )
        
        # Decode
        full_response = llm_tokenizer.decode(outputs[0], skip_special_tokens=True)
        
        # Extract only the assistant's response
        if "<|assistant|>" in full_response:
            answer = full_response.split("<|assistant|>")[-1].strip()
        else:
            answer = full_response.strip()
        
        # Clean up the answer
        answer = answer.replace("</s>", "").strip()
        
        # Add source attribution
        sources_text = ", ".join(sources)
        final_answer = f"{answer}\n\n---\n📚 **Sources:** {sources_text}"
        
        return final_answer
        
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error in LLM generation: {e}")
        return None


def format_fallback_answer(results: List[Tuple[str, str, float]]) -> str:
    """
    Fallback formatting when LLM is not available or fails.
    """
    if not results:
        return (
            "I couldn't find any relevant information in the knowledge base.\n\n"
            "**Try:**\n"
            "- Rephrasing your question\n"
            "- Using different keywords\n"
            "- Breaking down complex questions"
        )
    
    # Get best result
    best_chunk, best_source, best_score = results[0]
    
    # Clean markdown
    cleaned = clean_context(best_chunk)
    
    # Format nicely
    answer = f"**From {best_source}:**\n\n{cleaned}"
    
    # Add other sources if available
    if len(results) > 1:
        other_sources = list(set([src for _, src, _ in results[1:]]))
        if other_sources:
            answer += f"\n\n💡 **Also see:** {', '.join(other_sources)}"
    
    return answer


def build_answer(query: str) -> str:
    """
    Main answer generation function using LLM for natural responses.
    
    Process:
    1. Retrieve relevant chunks from KB
    2. Build context from top results
    3. Use LLM to generate natural answer
    4. Cite sources
    """
    # Step 1: Search the knowledge base
    results = kb_index.search(query, top_k=TOP_K)
    
    if not results:
        return (
            "I couldn't find any relevant information in the knowledge base to answer your question.\n\n"
            "**Suggestions:**\n"
            "- Try rephrasing with different words\n"
            "- Check if the topic is covered in the KB\n"
            "- Be more specific about what you're looking for"
        )
    
    # Step 2: Filter by similarity threshold
    filtered_results = [
        (chunk, src, score) 
        for chunk, src, score in results 
        if score >= MIN_SIMILARITY_THRESHOLD
    ]
    
    if not filtered_results:
        return (
            "I found some content, but it doesn't seem relevant enough to your question.\n\n"
            "Please try being more specific or using different keywords."
        )
    
    # Step 3: Build context from top results
    context_parts = []
    sources = []
    
    for chunk, source, score in filtered_results[:2]:  # Top 2 most relevant
        cleaned = clean_context(chunk)
        context_parts.append(cleaned)
        if source not in sources:
            sources.append(source)
    
    # Combine context (limit to 1000 chars for speed)
    context = " ".join(context_parts)[:1000]
    
    # Step 4: Generate answer with LLM
    if llm_available:
        llm_answer = generate_answer_with_llm(query, context, sources)
        if llm_answer:
            return llm_answer
    
    # Step 5: Fallback if LLM fails or unavailable
    return format_fallback_answer(filtered_results)


def chat_respond(message: str, history):
    """
    Gradio ChatInterface callback.
    
    Args:
        message: Latest user message (str)
        history: List of previous messages (handled by Gradio)
    
    Returns:
        Assistant's reply as a string
    """
    if not message or not message.strip():
        return "Please ask me a question about the knowledge base."
    
    try:
        answer = build_answer(message.strip())
        return answer
    except Exception as e:
        print(f"Error generating answer: {e}")
        return f"Sorry, I encountered an error processing your question: {str(e)}"


# -----------------------------
# GRADIO UI
# -----------------------------

description = """
🚀 **Fast Knowledge Base Search Assistant**

Ask questions and get instant answers from the knowledge base. This assistant uses semantic search to find the most relevant information quickly.

**Tips for better results:**
- Be specific in your questions
- Use keywords related to your topic
- Ask one question at a time
"""

# Create ChatInterface (without 'type' parameter for compatibility)
chat_interface = gr.ChatInterface(
    fn=chat_respond,
    title="🤖 Self-Service KB Assistant",
    description=description,
    examples=[
        "What makes a good knowledge base article?",
        "How could a KB assistant help agents?",
        "Why is self-service important for customer support?",
    ],
    cache_examples=False,
)

# Launch
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Detect environment and launch appropriately
    is_huggingface = os.getenv('SPACE_ID') is not None
    is_container = os.path.exists('/.dockerenv') or os.getenv('KUBERNETES_SERVICE_HOST') is not None
    
    if is_huggingface:
        print("🤗 Launching on HuggingFace Spaces...")
        chat_interface.launch(server_name="0.0.0.0", server_port=7860)
    elif is_container:
        print("🐳 Launching in container environment...")
        chat_interface.launch(server_name="0.0.0.0", server_port=7860, share=False)
    else:
        print("💻 Launching locally...")
        chat_interface.launch(share=False)