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import pandas as pd
import skops.io as sio
import shap
import plotly.graph_objects as go
import os
import sys
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=UserWarning, module="sklearn")
import sklearn.compose._column_transformer as _ct
if not hasattr(_ct, "_RemainderColsList"):
class _RemainderColsList(list):
"""Minimal shim for sklearn._RemainderColsList (missing in this env)."""
def __init__(self, lst=None, future_dtype=None):
super().__init__(lst or [])
self.future_dtype = future_dtype
_ct._RemainderColsList = _RemainderColsList
import sklearn.compose
sklearn.compose._RemainderColsList = _RemainderColsList
NUM_COLUMNS = ["AGE", "NACS2YR"]
CATEG_COLUMNS = [
"AGEGPFF",
"SEX",
"KPS",
"DONORF",
"GRAFTYPE",
"CONDGRPF",
"CONDGRP_FINAL",
"ATGF",
"GVHD_FINAL",
"HLA_FINAL",
"RCMVPR",
"EXCHTFPR",
"VOC2YPR",
"VOCFRQPR",
"SCATXRSN",
]
FEATURE_NAMES = NUM_COLUMNS + CATEG_COLUMNS
OUTCOMES = ["DEAD", "GF", "AGVHD", "CGVHD", "VOCPSHI", "STROKEHI", "DWOGF"]
CLASSIFICATION_OUTCOMES = OUTCOMES
REPORTING_OUTCOMES = [
"OS", "EFS", "GF", "DEAD",
"AGVHD", "CGVHD", "VOCPSHI", "STROKEHI",
]
OUTCOME_DESCRIPTIONS = {
"OS": "Overall Survival",
"EFS": "Event-Free Survival",
"DEAD": "Death",
"GF": "Graft Failure",
"AGVHD": "Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease",
"CGVHD": "Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease",
"VOCPSHI": "Vaso-Occlusive Crisis Post-HCT",
"STROKEHI": "Stroke Post-HCT",
}
SHAP_OUTCOMES = ["DEAD", "GF", "AGVHD", "CGVHD", "VOCPSHI", "STROKEHI", "OS", "EFS"]
MODEL_DIR = "."
CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD = 0.5
DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI = 500
def _load_skops_model(fname):
try:
untrusted = sio.get_untrusted_types(file=fname)
return sio.load(fname, trusted=untrusted)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error loading '{fname}': {e}")
sys.exit(1)
preprocessor = _load_skops_model(os.path.join(MODEL_DIR, "preprocessor.skops"))
classification_model_data = {}
for _o in CLASSIFICATION_OUTCOMES:
_path = os.path.join(MODEL_DIR, f"ensemble_model_{_o}.skops")
if os.path.exists(_path):
classification_model_data[_o] = _load_skops_model(_path)
else:
print(f"Warning: Model for {_o} not found at {_path}. Skipping.")
classification_models = {o: d["models"] for o, d in classification_model_data.items()}
betas = {o: d["beta"] for o, d in classification_model_data.items()}
priors = {o: d["prior"] for o, d in classification_model_data.items()}
consensus_thresholds = {
o: d.get("consensus_threshold", CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD)
for o, d in classification_model_data.items()
}
calibrators = {}
for _o, _d in classification_model_data.items():
_cal = None
_cal_type = _d.get("calibrator_type", None)
if "calibrator" in _d and _d["calibrator"] is not None:
if _cal_type is None or _cal_type == "isotonic":
_cal = _d["calibrator"]
else:
print(
f"Warning: outcome '{_o}' has calibrator_type='{_cal_type}'. "
"Skipping non-isotonic calibrator (isotonic-only policy)."
)
elif "isotonic_calibrator" in _d and _d["isotonic_calibrator"] is not None:
_cal = _d["isotonic_calibrator"]
calibrators[_o] = _cal
# Alias expected by app.py
isotonic_calibrators = calibrators
oof_probs_calibrated = {
o: d.get("oof_probs_calibrated") for o, d in classification_model_data.items()
}
ohe = preprocessor.named_transformers_["cat"]
ohe_feature_names = ohe.get_feature_names_out(CATEG_COLUMNS)
processed_feature_names = np.concatenate([NUM_COLUMNS, ohe_feature_names])
np.random.seed(23)
_n_background = 500
_background_data = {
"AGE": np.random.uniform(5, 50, _n_background),
"NACS2YR": np.random.randint(0, 5, _n_background),
"AGEGPFF": np.random.choice(["<=10", "11-17", "18-29", "30-49", ">=50"], _n_background),
"SEX": np.random.choice(["Male", "Female"], _n_background),
"KPS": np.random.choice(["<90", "≥ 90"], _n_background),
"DONORF": np.random.choice([
"HLA identical sibling", "HLA mismatch relative",
"Matched unrelated donor",
"Mismatched unrelated donor or cord blood",
], _n_background),
"GRAFTYPE": np.random.choice(["Bone marrow", "Peripheral blood", "Cord blood"], _n_background),
"CONDGRPF": np.random.choice(["MAC", "RIC", "NMA"], _n_background),
"CONDGRP_FINAL": np.random.choice(["TBI/Cy", "Bu/Cy", "Flu/Bu", "Flu/Mel"], _n_background),
"ATGF": np.random.choice(["ATG", "Alemtuzumab", "None"], _n_background),
"GVHD_FINAL": np.random.choice(["CNI + MMF", "CNI + MTX", "Post-CY + siro +- MMF"], _n_background),
"HLA_FINAL": np.random.choice(["8/8", "7/8", "≤ 6/8"], _n_background),
"RCMVPR": np.random.choice(["Negative", "Positive"], _n_background),
"EXCHTFPR": np.random.choice(["No", "Yes"], _n_background),
"VOC2YPR": np.random.choice(["No", "Yes"], _n_background),
"VOCFRQPR": np.random.choice(["< 3/yr", "≥ 3/yr"], _n_background),
"SCATXRSN": np.random.choice([
"CNS event", "Acute chest Syndrome",
"Recurrent vaso-occlusive pain", "Recurrent priapism",
"Excessive transfusion requirements/iron overload",
"Cardio-pulmonary", "Chronic transfusion", "Asymptomatic",
"Renal insufficiency", "Splenic sequestration",
"Avascular necrosis", "Hodgkin lymphoma",
], _n_background),
}
_background_df = pd.DataFrame(_background_data)[FEATURE_NAMES]
_X_background = preprocessor.transform(_background_df)
shap_background = shap.maskers.Independent(_X_background)
def calibrate_probabilities_undersampling(p_s, beta):
p_s = np.asarray(p_s, dtype=float)
numerator = beta * p_s
denominator = np.maximum((beta - 1.0) * p_s + 1.0, 1e-10)
return np.clip(numerator / denominator, 0.0, 1.0)
def predict_consensus_signed_voting(ensemble_models, X_test, threshold=0.5):
individual_probas = np.array(
[m.predict_proba(X_test)[:, 1] for m in ensemble_models]
)
binary_preds = (individual_probas >= threshold).astype(int)
signed_votes = np.where(binary_preds == 1, 1, -1)
avg_signed_vote = np.mean(signed_votes, axis=0)
consensus_pred = (avg_signed_vote > 0).astype(int)
avg_proba = np.mean(individual_probas, axis=0)
return consensus_pred, avg_proba, avg_signed_vote, individual_probas.flatten()
def predict_consensus_majority(ensemble_models, X_test, threshold=0.5):
individual_probas = np.array(
[m.predict_proba(X_test)[:, 1] for m in ensemble_models]
)
avg_proba = np.mean(individual_probas, axis=0)
return avg_proba, individual_probas.flatten()
def bootstrap_ci_from_oof(
point_estimate: float,
oof_probs: np.ndarray,
n_boot: int = DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI,
confidence: float = 0.95,
random_state: int = 42,
) -> tuple:
if oof_probs is None or len(oof_probs) == 0:
return float(point_estimate), float(point_estimate)
oof_probs = np.asarray(oof_probs, dtype=float)
rng = np.random.RandomState(random_state)
grand_mean = np.mean(oof_probs)
n = len(oof_probs)
boot_means = np.array([
np.mean(rng.choice(oof_probs, size=n, replace=True))
for _ in range(n_boot)
])
shift = point_estimate - grand_mean
boot_means = boot_means + shift
alpha = 1.0 - confidence
lo = float(np.clip(np.percentile(boot_means, 100 * alpha / 2), 0.0, 1.0))
hi = float(np.clip(np.percentile(boot_means, 100 * (1 - alpha / 2)), 0.0, 1.0))
return lo, hi
def _calibrate_point(outcome: str, raw_prob: float, use_calibration: bool) -> float:
beta = betas[outcome]
p_beta = float(calibrate_probabilities_undersampling([raw_prob], beta)[0])
if not use_calibration:
return p_beta
cal = calibrators.get(outcome)
if cal is None:
return p_beta
return float(cal.transform([p_beta])[0])
def predict_all_outcomes(
user_inputs,
use_calibration: bool = True,
use_signed_voting: bool = True,
n_boot_ci: int = DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI,
):
if isinstance(user_inputs, dict):
input_df = pd.DataFrame([user_inputs])
else:
input_df = pd.DataFrame([user_inputs], columns=FEATURE_NAMES)
input_df = input_df[FEATURE_NAMES]
X = preprocessor.transform(input_df)
probs, intervals = {}, {}
for o in CLASSIFICATION_OUTCOMES:
if o not in classification_models:
continue
threshold = consensus_thresholds.get(o, CONSENSUS_THRESHOLD)
if use_signed_voting:
_, uncalib_arr, _, _ = predict_consensus_signed_voting(
classification_models[o], X, threshold
)
else:
uncalib_arr, _ = predict_consensus_majority(
classification_models[o], X, threshold
)
raw_prob = float(uncalib_arr[0])
event_prob = _calibrate_point(o, raw_prob, use_calibration)
lo, hi = bootstrap_ci_from_oof(
point_estimate=event_prob,
oof_probs=oof_probs_calibrated.get(o),
n_boot=n_boot_ci,
)
probs[o] = event_prob
intervals[o] = (lo, hi)
if "DEAD" in probs:
p_dead = probs["DEAD"]
probs["OS"] = float(1.0 - p_dead)
dead_lo, dead_hi = intervals["DEAD"]
intervals["OS"] = (
float(np.clip(1.0 - dead_hi, 0, 1)),
float(np.clip(1.0 - dead_lo, 0, 1)),
)
if "DWOGF" in probs and "GF" in probs:
p_dwogf = probs["DWOGF"]
p_gf = probs["GF"]
probs["EFS"] = float(np.clip(1.0 - p_dwogf - p_gf, 0.0, 1.0))
oof_dwogf = oof_probs_calibrated.get("DWOGF")
oof_gf = oof_probs_calibrated.get("GF")
if oof_dwogf is not None and oof_gf is not None:
oof_dwogf = np.asarray(oof_dwogf, dtype=float)
oof_gf = np.asarray(oof_gf, dtype=float)
n_min = min(len(oof_dwogf), len(oof_gf))
oof_dwogf = oof_dwogf[:n_min]
oof_gf = oof_gf[:n_min]
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
grand_dwogf = np.mean(oof_dwogf)
grand_gf = np.mean(oof_gf)
shift_dwogf = p_dwogf - grand_dwogf
shift_gf = p_gf - grand_gf
efs_boot = np.array([
np.clip(
1.0
- (np.mean(rng.choice(oof_dwogf, size=n_min, replace=True)) + shift_dwogf)
- (np.mean(rng.choice(oof_gf, size=n_min, replace=True)) + shift_gf),
0.0, 1.0,
)
for _ in range(DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI)
])
efs_lo = float(np.percentile(efs_boot, 2.5))
efs_hi = float(np.percentile(efs_boot, 97.5))
intervals["EFS"] = (efs_lo, efs_hi)
else:
intervals["EFS"] = (probs["EFS"], probs["EFS"])
return probs, intervals
def predict_with_comparison(user_inputs, n_boot_ci: int = DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI):
cal_probs, cal_intervals = predict_all_outcomes(user_inputs, True, True, n_boot_ci)
uncal_probs, uncal_intervals = predict_all_outcomes(user_inputs, False, True, n_boot_ci)
return (cal_probs, cal_intervals), (uncal_probs, uncal_intervals)
def _get_shap_values_for_model_outcome(user_inputs, model_outcome, invert, X_proc):
"""Return per-model SHAP values (shape: n_models × n_processed_features)."""
all_model_shap_vals = []
for rf_model in classification_models[model_outcome]:
explainer = shap.TreeExplainer(rf_model, model_output="probability", data=shap_background)
shap_vals = explainer.shap_values(X_proc)
if isinstance(shap_vals, list):
shap_vals = shap_vals[1]
elif shap_vals.ndim == 3 and shap_vals.shape[2] == 2:
shap_vals = shap_vals[:, :, 1]
sv = shap_vals[0]
if invert:
sv = -sv
all_model_shap_vals.append(sv)
return np.array(all_model_shap_vals)
def compute_shap_values_with_direction(user_inputs, outcome, max_display=10):
if isinstance(user_inputs, dict):
input_df = pd.DataFrame([user_inputs])
else:
input_df = pd.DataFrame([user_inputs], columns=FEATURE_NAMES)
X_proc = preprocessor.transform(input_df)
processed_to_orig = {f: f for f in NUM_COLUMNS}
for pf in ohe_feature_names:
processed_to_orig[pf] = pf.split("_", 1)[0]
if outcome == "OS":
raw_shap = _get_shap_values_for_model_outcome(user_inputs, "DEAD", invert=True, X_proc=X_proc)
elif outcome == "EFS":
shap_dwogf = _get_shap_values_for_model_outcome(user_inputs, "DWOGF", invert=True, X_proc=X_proc)
shap_gf = _get_shap_values_for_model_outcome(user_inputs, "GF", invert=True, X_proc=X_proc)
raw_shap = np.concatenate([shap_dwogf, shap_gf], axis=0)
else:
raw_shap = _get_shap_values_for_model_outcome(user_inputs, outcome, invert=False, X_proc=X_proc)
unique_orig_features = list(dict.fromkeys(processed_to_orig.values()))
n_models = len(raw_shap)
model_shap_by_orig = np.zeros((n_models, len(unique_orig_features)))
for model_idx in range(n_models):
agg_by_orig = {}
for i, pf in enumerate(processed_feature_names):
orig = processed_to_orig[pf]
agg_by_orig.setdefault(orig, 0.0)
agg_by_orig[orig] += raw_shap[model_idx, i]
for feat_idx, feat_name in enumerate(unique_orig_features):
model_shap_by_orig[model_idx, feat_idx] = agg_by_orig.get(feat_name, 0.0)
mean_shap_vals = np.mean(model_shap_by_orig, axis=0)
rng = np.random.RandomState(42)
bootstrap_shap_means = np.array([
np.mean(model_shap_by_orig[rng.choice(n_models, size=n_models, replace=True)], axis=0)
for _ in range(DEFAULT_N_BOOT_CI)
])
shap_ci_low = np.percentile(bootstrap_shap_means, 2.5, axis=0)
shap_ci_high = np.percentile(bootstrap_shap_means, 97.5, axis=0)
order = np.argsort(-np.abs(mean_shap_vals))
top_feat_names = []
for i in order[:max_display]:
feat_name = unique_orig_features[i]
if feat_name in user_inputs:
val = user_inputs[feat_name]
if isinstance(val, float) and val != int(val):
display_name = f"{feat_name} = {val:.2f}"
elif isinstance(val, (int, float)):
display_name = f"{feat_name} = {int(val)}"
else:
val_str = str(val)
if len(val_str) > 20:
val_str = val_str[:17] + "..."
display_name = f"{feat_name} = {val_str}"
else:
display_name = feat_name
top_feat_names.append(display_name)
top_feat_names = top_feat_names[::-1]
top_shap_vals = mean_shap_vals[order][:max_display][::-1]
top_ci_low = shap_ci_low[order][:max_display][::-1]
top_ci_high = shap_ci_high[order][:max_display][::-1]
return top_feat_names, top_shap_vals, top_ci_low, top_ci_high
def create_shap_plot(user_inputs, outcome, max_display=10):
feat_names, shap_vals, ci_low, ci_high = compute_shap_values_with_direction(
user_inputs, outcome, max_display
)
colors = ["blue" if v >= 0 else "red" for v in shap_vals]
error_minus = shap_vals - ci_low
error_plus = ci_high - shap_vals
fig = go.Figure()
fig.add_trace(go.Bar(
y=feat_names,
x=shap_vals,
orientation="h",
marker=dict(color=colors),
showlegend=False,
error_x=dict(
type="data",
symmetric=False,
array=error_plus,
arrayminus=error_minus,
color="gray",
thickness=1.5,
width=4,
),
))
fig.add_vline(x=0, line_width=1, line_color="black")
fig.update_layout(
title=dict(
text=OUTCOME_DESCRIPTIONS.get(outcome, outcome),
x=0.5, xanchor="center",
font=dict(size=14, color="black"),
),
xaxis_title="SHAP value",
yaxis_title="",
height=400,
margin=dict(l=120, r=60, t=50, b=50),
plot_bgcolor="white",
paper_bgcolor="white",
xaxis=dict(showgrid=True, gridcolor="lightgray", zeroline=True,
zerolinecolor="black", zerolinewidth=1),
yaxis=dict(showgrid=False),
)
return fig
def create_all_shap_plots(user_inputs, max_display=10):
return {o: create_shap_plot(user_inputs, o, max_display) for o in SHAP_OUTCOMES}
EVENT_COLOR = "#e53935"
NO_EVENT_COLOR = "#43a047"
OUTCOME_TITLES = {
"DEAD": "TDeath",
"GF": "Graft Failure",
"AGVHD": "Acute GvHD",
"CGVHD": "Chronic GvHD",
"VOCPSHI": "Vaso-Occlusive Crisis",
"STROKEHI": "Stroke Post-HCT",
}
OUTCOME_LABELS = {
"DEAD": ("Death", "No Death"),
"GF": ("Graft Failure", "No Graft Failure"),
"AGVHD": ("Acute GVHD", "No Acute GVHD"),
"CGVHD": ("Chronic GVHD", "No Chronic GVHD"),
"VOCPSHI": ("VOC", "No VOC"),
"STROKEHI": ("Stroke", "No Stroke"),
}
def _stick_figure_svg(color: str, size: int = 16) -> str:
"""Inline SVG stick figure. ViewBox 0 0 20 32 (portrait)."""
h = round(size * 1.6)
return (
f'<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="{size}" height="{h}" '
f'viewBox="0 0 20 32" style="display:block;flex-shrink:0;" '
f'stroke="{color}" stroke-width="2.2" stroke-linecap="round" fill="none">'
f'<circle cx="10" cy="5" r="3.8" fill="{color}" stroke="none"/>'
f'<line x1="10" y1="9" x2="10" y2="20"/>'
f'<line x1="3" y1="13" x2="17" y2="13"/>'
f'<line x1="10" y1="20" x2="4" y2="30"/>'
f'<line x1="10" y1="20" x2="16" y2="30"/>'
f'</svg>'
)
def create_icon_array_html(probability: float, outcome: str) -> str:
"""
Single outcome card: 10×10 stick-figure grid, red=event, green=no event.
All cards have identical fixed-height sections so they align in the grid.
Legend always shows 'Event (N/100)' and 'No Event (N/100)' — never varies.
"""
title = OUTCOME_TITLES.get(outcome, OUTCOME_DESCRIPTIONS.get(outcome, outcome))
event_label, no_event_label = OUTCOME_LABELS.get(outcome, ("Event", "No Event"))
n_event = round(probability * 100)
n_no_event = 100 - n_event
pct_str = f"{probability * 100:.1f}%"
rows_parts = []
for row in range(10):
cells = ""
for col in range(10):
idx = row * 10 + col
color = EVENT_COLOR if idx < n_event else NO_EVENT_COLOR
cells += _stick_figure_svg(color, size=16)
rows_parts.append(
f'<div style="display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:2px;margin-bottom:2px;">{cells}</div>'
)
grid_html = "\n".join(rows_parts)
# --- legend: fixed two-line block, identical text for every card ---
fig_event = _stick_figure_svg(EVENT_COLOR, size=13)
fig_no_event = _stick_figure_svg(NO_EVENT_COLOR, size=13)
legend_html = (
f'<div style="display:inline-grid;grid-template-columns:16px 130px 44px;'
f'align-items:center;gap:4px;row-gap:4px;">'
f'{fig_event}'
f'<span style="color:{EVENT_COLOR};font-weight:700;font-size:11px;white-space:nowrap;'
f'overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;">{event_label}</span>'
f'<span style="color:#888;font-size:10px;white-space:nowrap;">({n_event}/100)</span>'
f'{fig_no_event}'
f'<span style="color:{NO_EVENT_COLOR};font-weight:700;font-size:11px;white-space:nowrap;'
f'overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;">{no_event_label}</span>'
f'<span style="color:#888;font-size:10px;white-space:nowrap;">({n_no_event}/100)</span>'
f'</div>'
)
return (
f'<div style="background:#fff;border:1px solid #e0e0e0;border-radius:10px;'
f'padding:10px 8px;text-align:center;font-family:\'Segoe UI\',Arial,sans-serif;'
f'box-shadow:0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.07);box-sizing:border-box;'
f'display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;">'
# title — fixed height, 2-line max via min-height
f'<div style="min-height:34px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;'
f'font-size:12px;font-weight:700;color:#222;line-height:1.3;margin-bottom:2px;">'
f'{title}</div>'
# probability number
f'<div style="font-size:22px;font-weight:800;color:{EVENT_COLOR};'
f'line-height:1;margin-bottom:6px;">{pct_str}</div>'
# icon grid
f'<div style="margin-bottom:6px;">{grid_html}</div>'
# legend — always 2 fixed-height rows
f'<div style="margin-top:2px;">{legend_html}</div>'
f'</div>'
)
def create_all_icon_arrays(calibrated_probs: dict) -> dict:
"""
Returns individual cards + a combined '__grid__' key with the 4×2 layout.
All 6 cards are rendered at equal flex widths and equal internal heights.
"""
pie_outcomes = ["DEAD", "GF", "AGVHD", "CGVHD", "VOCPSHI", "STROKEHI"]
cards = {o: create_icon_array_html(calibrated_probs[o], o) for o in pie_outcomes}
rows_html = ""
for row_start in range(0, len(pie_outcomes), 4):
row_outcomes = pie_outcomes[row_start: row_start + 4]
cols = "".join(
f'<div style="flex:1 1 0%;min-width:0;">{cards[o]}</div>'
for o in row_outcomes
)
rows_html += (
f'<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;margin-bottom:10px;">{cols}</div>'
)
footnote = (
f'<div style="font-size:10.5px;color:#888;text-align:center;margin-top:4px;">'
f'Each figure = 1 patient out of 100 with similar characteristics. '
f'<span style="color:{EVENT_COLOR};font-weight:600;">■ Red = Event</span>'
f' '
f'<span style="color:{NO_EVENT_COLOR};font-weight:600;">■ Green = No Event</span>'
f'</div>'
)
cards["__grid__"] = (
f'<div style="font-family:\'Segoe UI\',Arial,sans-serif;padding:4px 0;">'
f'{rows_html}{footnote}</div>'
)
return cards
def create_pie_chart(probability, outcome):
return create_icon_array_html(probability, outcome)
def create_all_pie_charts(calibrated_probs):
return create_all_icon_arrays(calibrated_probs) |