import logging
import os
from pathlib import Path

import numpy as np
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from PIL import Image
from torchvision import transforms

from app.architecture import AdvancedBreastCancerModel

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# ImageNet normalisation (same as SensiNet training pipeline)
TRANSFORM = transforms.Compose([
    transforms.Resize((299, 299)),
    transforms.ToTensor(),
    transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225]),
])

WEIGHTS_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent / "weights"
DEFAULT_WEIGHTS = WEIGHTS_DIR / "advanced_model_best.pth"

# Malignancy probability threshold (same as SensiNet default)
THRESHOLD = 0.40

# Number of Bayesian MC-Dropout forward passes
MC_PASSES = 10


def _prob_to_birads(prob: float) -> int:
    """Map malignancy probability to BI-RADS category."""
    if prob < 0.10:
        return 1  # Negative
    if prob < 0.25:
        return 2  # Benign
    if prob < 0.50:
        return 3  # Probably benign
    if prob < 0.75:
        return 4  # Suspicious
    return 5  # Highly suggestive of malignancy


def _birads_findings(birads: int, prob: float, prediction: str) -> str:
    templates = {
        1: "No suspicious findings detected. Mammographic appearance is unremarkable.",
        2: "Benign-appearing pattern identified. Correlate with prior imaging if available.",
        3: "Probably benign appearance. Short-interval follow-up may be considered.",
        4: "Suspicious abnormality pattern detected. Tissue biopsy is recommended.",
        5: "Highly suggestive of malignancy. Urgent diagnostic workup is recommended.",
    }
    base = templates.get(birads, "Analysis complete.")
    return f"Model prediction: {prediction} (probability {prob:.1%}). {base}"


class MammogramModel:
    """Loads the SensiNet dual-stream model and runs inference."""

    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.mode = os.getenv("MODEL_MODE", "real")
        self.version = os.getenv("MODEL_VERSION", "sensinet-v1")
        self.device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")
        self._model: AdvancedBreastCancerModel | None = None

        weights_path = Path(os.getenv("MODEL_WEIGHTS", str(DEFAULT_WEIGHTS)))
        if weights_path.exists():
            self._load_model(weights_path)
        else:
            logger.warning("Weights not found at %s — falling back to mock mode", weights_path)
            self.mode = "mock"

    def _load_model(self, weights_path: Path) -> None:
        logger.info("Loading SensiNet model from %s onto %s …", weights_path, self.device)
        net = AdvancedBreastCancerModel()
        state = torch.load(weights_path, map_location=self.device, weights_only=False)
        net.load_state_dict(state)
        net.to(self.device)
        net.eval()
        self._model = net
        logger.info("Model loaded successfully.")

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------

    def predict(self, image: Image.Image) -> dict:
        if self._model is None or self.mode == "mock":
            return self._mock_predict(image)
        return self._real_predict(image)

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Real inference with Bayesian MC-Dropout
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------

    def _real_predict(self, image: Image.Image) -> dict:
        rgb = image.convert("RGB")
        tensor = TRANSFORM(rgb).unsqueeze(0).to(self.device)

        def enable_dropout(m: nn.Module) -> None:
            if isinstance(m, (nn.Dropout, nn.Dropout2d)):
                m.train()

        self._model.apply(enable_dropout)

        mc_predictions: list[float] = []
        with torch.no_grad():
            for _ in range(MC_PASSES):
                logits = self._model(tensor)
                prob = torch.sigmoid(logits).item()
                mc_predictions.append(prob)

        self._model.eval()

        prob_malig = float(np.mean(mc_predictions))
        variance = float(np.var(mc_predictions))

        decision_confidence = max(0.50, 0.99 - (variance * 2.0))
        if prob_malig < 0.10 or prob_malig > 0.90:
            decision_confidence = min(0.99, decision_confidence + 0.10)

        prediction = "Malignant" if prob_malig >= THRESHOLD else "Benign"
        birads = _prob_to_birads(prob_malig)

        return {
            "birads": birads,
            "confidence": round(decision_confidence, 3),
            "malignancy_probability": round(prob_malig, 3),
            "findings_text": _birads_findings(birads, prob_malig, prediction),
            "model_version": self.version,
        }

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Deterministic mock fallback (no weights needed)
    # ------------------------------------------------------------------

    @staticmethod
    def _mock_predict(image: Image.Image) -> dict:
        import hashlib

        arr = np.array(image.convert("L"), dtype=np.float32) / 255.0
        digest = hashlib.sha256(arr.tobytes()).hexdigest()
        seed = int(digest[:8], 16)
        rng = np.random.default_rng(seed)
        raw = float(min(max(arr.mean() + rng.uniform(-0.04, 0.04), 0.0), 1.0))

        birads = _prob_to_birads(raw)

        return {
            "birads": birads,
            "confidence": round(max(0.55, min(0.98, 0.55 + abs(raw - 0.5))), 3),
            "malignancy_probability": round(raw, 3),
            "findings_text": _birads_findings(birads, raw, "Malignant" if raw >= THRESHOLD else "Benign"),
            "model_version": "mock-v1",
        }