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Path Traversal Security Tests (SECU-03.3).
Comprehensive tests for path traversal attack prevention:
- ../ sequences (Unix)
- ..\ sequences (Windows)
- Double-encoded variants
- URL-encoded variants
- Unicode-encoded variants
OWASP Category: A01:2021 - Broken Access Control
CWE: CWE-22 (Path Traversal)
"""
import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
# ============================================================================
# Path Traversal Payloads
# ============================================================================
# Unix-style path traversal payloads
UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL = [
"../../../etc/passwd",
"..//..//..//etc/passwd",
"....//....//....//etc/passwd",
"../../../../etc/passwd",
"..../../etc/passwd",
"../etc/passwd",
"../../etc/passwd",
"../../../etc/shadow",
"../../../../etc/shadow",
"../.ssh/id_rsa",
"../../.ssh/id_rsa",
"../../../.ssh/id_rsa",
"../root/.ssh/id_rsa",
"../../root/.ssh/id_rsa",
]
# Windows-style path traversal payloads
WINDOWS_PATH_TRAVERSAL = [
r"..\..\..\..\windows\system32\config\sam",
r"..\\..\\..\\windows\\system32\\config\\sam",
r"....\\....\\....\\windows\\system32\\config\\sam",
r"..\..\..\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts",
r"..\..\..\..\windows\system32\config\sam",
r"..\..\boot.ini",
r"..\..\..\boot.ini",
r"..\..\..\..\boot.ini",
r"..\..\..\..\..\windows\win.ini",
r"..\..\..\..\windows\system32\config\sam",
]
# URL-encoded path traversal payloads
URL_ENCODED_TRAVERSAL = [
"%2e%2e%2fetc%2fpasswd", # ../etc/passwd
"%2e%2e%5cetc%2fpasswd", # ..\etc/passwd
"%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2fetc%2fpasswd", # ../../../etc/passwd
"%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2fetc%2fshadow",
"%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2f%2e%2e%2fetc%2fpasswd",
"..%252f..%252f..%252fetc%252fpasswd", # Double-encoded
"..%252f..%252f..%252fetc%252fshadow", # Double-encoded
"..%255c..%255c..%255cetc%255cshadow", # Double-encoded backslash
"%252e%252e%252f%252e%252e%252fetc%252fpasswd", # Triple-encoded
]
# Unicode-encoded path traversal payloads
UNICODE_ENCODED_TRAVERSAL = [
"..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afetc/passwd", # Unicode bypass
"..%c0%af..%c0%af..%c0%afetc/shadow",
"..%c0%af..%c0%afetc/passwd",
"..%c0%afetc/passwd",
"%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%af%c0%ae%c0%ae%c0%afetc/passwd", # Full Unicode encoding
]
# Mixed path traversal payloads
MIXED_TRAVERSAL = [
"....//....//....//etc/passwd",
"..\\..\\..\\..\\etc/passwd", # Mixed separators
"..%5c..%5c..%5cetc/passwd", # URL-encoded backslash, forward slash
"../..\\../etc/passwd", # Alternating separators
"..%2f..%2fetc%2fpasswd",
"..\\..%5cetc%5cshadow",
]
class TestPathTraversalInFileUploads:
"""Test path traversal in file upload operations."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:5])
def test_unix_path_traversal_in_filename(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test Unix-style path traversal in filename parameter.
ATTACK: Attempt to access /etc/passwd using ../ sequences
EXPECTED: Path validation rejects or sanitizes the input
"""
# Try to upload a file with path traversal in filename
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test content"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
# Should reject or sanitize
# Should NOT return file contents like /etc/passwd
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 200]
assert "root:" not in response.text
assert "[extensions]" not in response.text
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", WINDOWS_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:5])
def test_windows_path_traversal_in_filename(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test Windows-style path traversal in filename parameter.
ATTACK: Attempt to access Windows system files using ..\ sequences
EXPECTED: Path validation rejects or sanitizes the input
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test content"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 200]
# Should not contain Windows file contents
assert "[boot loader]" not in response.text.lower()
class TestPathTraversalInCanvasTemplates:
"""Test path traversal in canvas template selection."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:5])
def test_path_traversal_in_template_path(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal in canvas template parameter.
ATTACK: Attempt to access sensitive files using template parameter
EXPECTED: Template validation rejects path traversal attempts
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/canvas",
json={
"title": "Test Canvas",
"template": payload,
"canvas_type": "generic"
},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 200]
assert "root:" not in response.text
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", ["../../../sensitive/config.json", r"..\..\..\sensitive\api_keys.txt"])
def test_path_traversal_to_sensitive_files(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal to sensitive configuration files.
ATTACK: Attempt to access config files, API keys, secrets
EXPECTED: Access blocked, files not exposed
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/canvas",
json={
"title": "Test Canvas",
"template": payload,
"canvas_type": "generic"
},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 200]
# Should not leak sensitive data
assert "api_key" not in response.text.lower()
assert "secret" not in response.text.lower()
assert "password" not in response.text.lower()
class TestPathTraversalInBrowserAutomation:
"""Test path traversal in browser automation."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:3])
def test_path_traversal_in_screenshot_url(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal in browser screenshot URL parameter.
ATTACK: Attempt to read local files via screenshot URL
EXPECTED: URL validation rejects file:// protocol or path traversal
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/tools/browser/screenshot",
json={"url": f"file:///{payload}"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 401, 500]
assert "root:" not in response.text
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", ["file:///etc/passwd", "file:///etc/shadow", "file:///root/.ssh/id_rsa"])
def test_file_protocol_blocked(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test file:// protocol is blocked.
ATTACK: Attempt to use file:// protocol to read local files
EXPECTED: Protocol validation rejects file:// URLs
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/tools/browser/screenshot",
json={"url": payload},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422, 401, 500]
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestDoubleEncodedPathTraversal:
"""Test double-encoded path traversal attempts."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", [
"%252e%252e%252fetc%252fpasswd", # Double-encoded ../
"..%252f%252e%252e%252fetc%252fpasswd",
"%252e%252e%255cetc%252fshadow", # Double-encoded ..\
])
def test_double_encoded_path_traversal(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test double-encoded path traversal payloads.
ATTACK: Bypass input validation by double-encoding ../ sequences
EXPECTED: URL decoding applied correctly, traversal detected
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestUnicodeEncodedPathTraversal:
"""Test Unicode-encoded path traversal attempts."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNICODE_ENCODED_TRAVERSAL[:3])
def test_unicode_encoded_path_traversal(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test Unicode-encoded path traversal payloads.
ATTACK: Bypass input validation using Unicode encoding
EXPECTED: Unicode normalization applied, traversal detected
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestMixedPathTraversal:
"""Test mixed path traversal attempts."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", MIXED_TRAVERSAL[:3])
def test_mixed_separator_traversal(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test mixed path separator traversal attempts.
ATTACK: Mix Unix and Windows path separators to bypass validation
EXPECTED: Normalization applied, traversal detected
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestPathTraversalInQueryParameters:
"""Test path traversal in query parameters."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:3])
def test_path_traversal_in_query_param(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal in query string parameters.
ATTACK: Inject path traversal via query parameters
EXPECTED: Query parameter validation blocks traversal
"""
from urllib.parse import quote
encoded_payload = quote(payload, safe='')
response = client.get(
f"/api/canvas?template={encoded_payload}",
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [200, 400, 403, 404, 422]
if response.status_code == 200:
# If successful, ensure no file contents leaked
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestPathTraversalInRequestBody:
"""Test path traversal in request body."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("payload", UNIX_PATH_TRAVERSAL[:3])
def test_path_traversal_in_json_body(self, payload, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal in JSON request body.
ATTACK: Inject path traversal via JSON body fields
EXPECTED: Request body validation blocks traversal
"""
response = client.post(
"/api/canvas",
json={
"title": "Test",
"canvas_type": "generic",
"custom_path": payload # Malicious custom path
},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [200, 400, 403, 404, 422]
if response.status_code == 200:
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestPathTraversalEdgeCases:
"""Test path traversal edge cases."""
def test_null_byte_injection(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test null byte injection in path traversal.
ATTACK: Use null bytes to bypass string validation
EXPECTED: Null byte stripping or rejection
"""
payload = "../../../etc/passwd\x00.jpg"
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
def test_absolute_path_bypass(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test absolute path bypass attempts.
ATTACK: Use absolute paths instead of relative traversal
EXPECTED: Absolute path validation blocks system files
"""
for payload in ["/etc/passwd", "/etc/shadow", "C:\\Windows\\System32\\config\\SAM"]:
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
def test_path_traversal_with_valid_extension(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test path traversal with valid file extension.
ATTACK: Use path traversal with .jpg/.png extension to bypass extension check
EXPECTED: Full path validation, not just extension check
"""
payload = "../../../etc/passwd.jpg"
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
# Even with .jpg extension, should not access /etc/passwd
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestPathTraversalPreventionMechanisms:
"""Test that path traversal prevention mechanisms work."""
def test_path_normalization(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test that path normalization is applied.
CHECK: ../ sequences are resolved and validated
EXPECTED: Normalized path is checked against allowed directories
"""
payload = "subdir/../../etc/passwd"
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
def test_canonical_path_check(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test that canonical (real) paths are checked.
CHECK: Symbolic links are resolved and checked
EXPECTED: Real path is validated, not just the symlink path
"""
# Even if symlinks are used, real path should be validated
payload = "../../../var/log/syslog"
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
# Should not leak system log contents
def test_chroot_jail_boundary(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""
Test that chroot jail boundaries are enforced.
CHECK: File access is restricted to allowed directory
EXPECTED: Cannot escape chroot directory using ../
"""
for payload in ["../../../etc/passwd", "..../etc/passwd", "../../etc/passwd"]:
response = client.post(
"/api/files/upload",
json={"filename": payload, "content": "test"},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
class TestPathTraversalInSpecificEndpoints:
"""Test path traversal in specific API endpoints."""
def test_path_traversal_in_episode_retrieval(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""Test path traversal in episode file retrieval."""
payload = "../../../etc/passwd"
response = client.get(
f"/api/episodes/file/{payload}",
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
def test_path_traversal_in_canvas_component_load(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""Test path traversal in canvas component loading."""
payload = "../../../etc/passwd"
response = client.get(
f"/api/canvas/components/{payload}",
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
def test_path_traversal_in_template_rendering(self, client: TestClient, admin_token: str):
"""Test path traversal in template rendering."""
payload = "../../../etc/passwd"
response = client.post(
"/api/canvas/render",
json={"template": payload, "data": {}},
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {admin_token}"}
)
assert response.status_code in [400, 403, 404, 422]
assert "root:" not in response.text
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