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Ready","value":"\u003Cp\u003EValidated capacity of the innovation to meet specific objectives in an uncontrolled environment without support from an intervention\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EValidated capacity of the innovation to meet specific objectives in an uncontrolled environment without support from an intervention\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"","depth":"0","weight":"8"},{"counter":"329","id":"2618","vocabulary":"Readiness levels","name":"NOT INDICATED","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"","depth":"0","weight":"9"},{"counter":"330","id":"1010","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"3D printing of food and liquids","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The additive manufacturing process of building three-dimensional food products and liquid materials layer by layer using computer-aided design (CAD) data and specialized printing equipment. The process involves depositing edible materials through nozzles, syringes or other mechanisms to create customized food items with specific shapes, textures, and nutritional content. (Source: European Union Joint Research Centre - JRC Food Safety and Quality Unit, with input from World Intellectual Property Organization - WIPO on technical aspects)","depth":"2","weight":"20"},{"counter":"331","id":"1011","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"4D nanoscale printing","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"4D nanoscale printing refers to the additive manufacturing technology that creates nanoscale structures capable of changing their shape or properties over time in response to external stimuli, combining the precision of 3D printing at the nanometer scale with smart materials that can transform post-fabrication. The fourth dimension represents the time-dependent transformation capability of the printed structures. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"21"},{"counter":"332","id":"1141","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"6G-10G connectivity","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"6G-10G connectivity refers to high-speed broadband network connections with data transmission rates ranging from 6 to 10 gigabits per second. These speeds represent an evolution beyond current widespread commercial standards, enabling advanced applications like holographic communications, tactile internet, and immersive extended reality experiences in real-time. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"32"},{"counter":"333","id":"2087","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Access to information policies","value":"\u003Cp\u003E(policies that mandate data transparency and disclosure)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E(policies that mandate data transparency and disclosure)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Laws, regulations and protocols that establish rights and procedures to access information held by governments, public institutions or private entities, mandating transparency, disclosure and availability of data to citizens, stakeholders or the general public. In particular, the term refers to policies that mandate data transparency and disclosure. (Source: OECD Open Government, European Commission Transparency Initiative, multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"145"},{"counter":"334","id":"2086","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Adaptive governance frameworks","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;(policies designed for iteration and flexibility)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u0026nbsp;(policies designed for iteration and flexibility)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Adaptive governance frameworks are management and policy approaches that enable systematic learning from experience and integrate that learning into ongoing policy and implementation cycles. These frameworks emphasize flexibility, continuous monitoring, and adjustment of interventions based on new information and changing circumstances, allowing for policy experimentation and evidence-based improvements. In particular, the term refers to policies designed for iteration and flexibility. (Source: OECD, European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"133"},{"counter":"335","id":"1012","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Advanced food processing techniques","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Advanced food processing techniques are methods and technologies used in manufacturing food products that go beyond basic operations, incorporating sophisticated equipment, novel preservation methods, and complex transformation processes to enhance food quality, safety, shelf life, and functionality. These techniques may include high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, radiation, nanotechnology, and advanced thermal treatments.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission - European Food Safety Authority, with inputs from FAO and UNIDO)","depth":"2","weight":"22"},{"counter":"336","id":"1055","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Advanced positioning systems","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Advanced positioning systems are geospatial technologies that provide precise location, navigation, and timing information through integration of multiple positioning technologies, including satellite-based systems (like GPS, GLONASS, Galileo), inertial navigation systems, and terrestrial positioning networks, enabling enhanced accuracy, reliability, and coverage for various applications.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International GNSS Service, with inputs from European Space Agency and International Association of Geodesy)","depth":"2","weight":"60"},{"counter":"337","id":"1060","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Agricultural carbon sequestration credits","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural carbon sequestration credits are financial instruments that represent verified carbon dioxide removals achieved through agricultural practices that enhance soil carbon storage or reduce emissions from farming activities. These credits can be traded in carbon markets and represent one metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) sequestered through practices such as no-till farming, cover cropping, or improved grazing management. (Source: https:\/\/www.fao.org\/climate-smart-agriculture-sourcebook\/production-resources\/module-b8-climate-smart-forestry\/b8-overview\/en\/ FAO, with World Bank and UNFCCC as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"102"},{"counter":"338","id":"1122","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Agricultural innovation platforms","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"An agricultural innovation platform is a forum for multi-stakeholder interaction that brings together farmers, researchers, extension agents, traders, processors, and other stakeholders to identify challenges and opportunities, find solutions, and implement joint activities in the agricultural sector. It facilitates knowledge sharing, collective decision-making, and coordinated action to improve agricultural productivity and market access. (Source: FAO, IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"122"},{"counter":"339","id":"1067","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Agricultural microfinance","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural microfinance refers to the provision of financial services including credit, savings, insurance, and payment services specifically tailored to meet the needs of low-income farmers, agribusinesses, and other stakeholders in the agricultural value chain. It combines traditional microfinance practices with specialized features that address the unique characteristics and risks of agricultural activities and rural economies.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: CGAP - Consultative Group to Assist the Poor\/World Bank Group, with International Fund for Agricultural Development - IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"99"},{"counter":"340","id":"1127","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Agricultural vocational training centers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Educational facilities and programs designed to provide practical training, technical knowledge, and vocational skills specifically related to agricultural practices, farm management, and rural development. These centers combine classroom instruction with hands-on experience in farming techniques, agricultural technology, livestock management, and agribusiness operations to prepare individuals for careers in agriculture and related industries.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO AGROVOC, with additional context from UNESCO-UNEVOC)","depth":"2","weight":"113"},{"counter":"341","id":"1062","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Agroforestry carbon credits","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Carbon credits generated through agroforestry practices, which combine trees with crops or livestock in agricultural systems to sequester additional carbon in biomass and soil. These credits represent verified carbon removals achieved through the implementation of agroforestry systems that meet specific measurement, reporting, and verification standards for carbon accounting in agricultural landscapes.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO - The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, with supporting information from UNFCCC and Gold Standard)","depth":"2","weight":"103"},{"counter":"342","id":"1195","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Animal management machinery","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Equipment and machinery used in livestock operations for handling, feeding, milking, monitoring, and managing animals efficiently, including automated systems for feed distribution, climate control, waste management, animal identification, and performance tracking.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"29"},{"counter":"343","id":"1157","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Anticipatory Cash Transfers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Anticipatory Cash Transfers are financial assistance provided to vulnerable populations before a predicted crisis or disaster occurs, based on forecasting and pre-agreed triggers. This approach combines weather and other predictive data with innovative financing mechanisms to enable preventive action, reducing the impact of disasters on communities and the cost of humanitarian response. (Source: World Food Programme https:\/\/www.wfp.org\/anticipatory-actions, OCHA, Red Cross Climate Centre)","depth":"2","weight":"94"},{"counter":"344","id":"1111","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Appropriate technology promotion","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The systematic effort to develop, implement and scale technological solutions that are sustainable, culturally appropriate, environmentally sound and adapted to local socio-economic conditions, aimed at improving quality of life and fostering development in underserved communities while promoting social inclusion and equity. The approach emphasizes local participation, knowledge transfer, and capacity building to ensure long-term adoption and impact.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"152"},{"counter":"345","id":"1016","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Artificial intelligence (AI)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings, characterized by the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. These processes include learning (the acquisition of information and rules for using it), reasoning (using rules to reach approximate or definite conclusions) and self-correction.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: WIPO IP Portal, with World Economic Forum, OECD)","depth":"2","weight":"33"},{"counter":"346","id":"1003","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Artificial neurons","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A basic processing unit in artificial neural networks that mimics the behavior of biological neurons in the brain. It receives multiple input signals, processes them through mathematical functions (typically by applying weights and activation functions), and produces an output signal that can be transmitted to other artificial neurons, enabling the network to perform complex computational tasks and pattern recognition.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"13"},{"counter":"347","id":"1140","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Artificial neurons in biotechnologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"An artificial neuron in biotechnology refers to a laboratory-created structure that mimics the behavior and function of biological neurons, designed to interact with living tissue or neural networks. These synthetic units can process and transmit signals similar to natural neurons, serving as interfaces between biological systems and artificial components in biomedical applications and neural engineering. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"3"},{"counter":"348","id":"1017","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Augmented\/virtual reality","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Technologies that enhance or replace real-world experiences with simulated ones. Augmented reality (AR) overlays digital content onto the real world, while virtual reality (VR) immerses users in entirely computer-generated environments. Both use specialized hardware and software to create interactive, three-dimensional experiences that can be applied across sectors including education, healthcare, manufacturing, and entertainment.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: World Economic Forum, with WIPO and IEEE as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"34"},{"counter":"349","id":"2099","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Behavioral nudges in policy design","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Behavioral nudges in policy design are deliberate interventions in choice architecture that alter people\u0026#039;s behavior in a predictable way without forbidding any options or significantly changing economic incentives. These interventions aim to influence decision-making while preserving freedom of choice, using insights from behavioral economics and psychology to guide people toward better choices for themselves and society.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Division, European Commission Joint Research Centre)","depth":"2","weight":"138"},{"counter":"350","id":"1018","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Big data","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Big data refers to extremely large, complex, and rapidly accumulating datasets that cannot be processed using traditional data management tools and methods. It is characterized by high volume (scale of data), velocity (speed of data generation and processing), and variety (different forms of data), requiring specialized technologies and analytical approaches to extract meaningful insights and value. (Source: OECD Digital Economy Papers, European Commission - European Data Strategy, World Economic Forum Global Technology Governance reports)","depth":"2","weight":"35"},{"counter":"351","id":"1001","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Biofertilizers and biopesticides","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Biofertilizers and biopesticides are biological products made from living microorganisms or natural materials that enhance soil fertility and protect crops from pests and diseases. Biofertilizers contain beneficial microbes that improve nutrient availability, while biopesticides are derived from natural sources like plants, bacteria, fungi, and minerals to control agricultural pests through non-toxic mechanisms.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO AGROVOC, with supporting information from European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"4"},{"counter":"352","id":"1047","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Biofuels from agricultural waste","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Biofuels produced from agricultural residues and by-products, including crop residues (such as corn stover, wheat straw, and rice hulls), animal manure, food processing wastes, and other organic materials generated as waste during agricultural operations, which are converted through various processes into liquid or gaseous fuels for energy production and transportation purposes. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - AGROVOC, with complementary information from International Renewable Energy Agency - IRENA)","depth":"2","weight":"81"},{"counter":"353","id":"2100","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Biologicals","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Biologicals are living organisms or compounds derived from living organisms used to enhance plant growth, protect crops from pests and diseases, or improve soil health. They include beneficial microorganisms, plant extracts, natural enemies of pests, biochemicals, and other naturally occurring substances that can be used as alternatives or complements to conventional agricultural inputs.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO AGROVOC Thesaurus, with supporting information from European Commission and OECD)","depth":"1","weight":"1"},{"counter":"354","id":"1000","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Bioremediation and phytoremediation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Bioremediation and phytoremediation refers to the use of biological agents (microorganisms, plants) to remove or neutralize pollutants from contaminated sites, including soil, water, and air. Bioremediation employs microorganisms to break down environmental pollutants, while phytoremediation specifically uses plants to absorb, degrade, or eliminate contaminants from the environment. These processes can occur naturally or be enhanced through human intervention.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission - Environment Directorate General, UNEP)","depth":"2","weight":"5"},{"counter":"355","id":"994","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Biotechnologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use, including but not limited to industrial fermentation processes, medicine and therapeutics, agricultural processes and products, and environmental solutions. (Source: OECD https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/sti\/emerging-tech\/biotechnologypolicies\/, FAO AGROVOC)","depth":"1","weight":"2"},{"counter":"356","id":"1019","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Blockchain","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A distributed ledger technology that maintains a continuously growing list of data records secured from tampering and revision, consisting of blocks that hold batches of individual transactions, with each block containing a timestamp and link to the previous block, forming a chain. The technology enables decentralized consensus, transparent record-keeping, and immutable transaction history without requiring a central authority.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"36"},{"counter":"357","id":"1074","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Blockchain-based financial services","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Financial services provided through distributed ledger technology platforms, enabling peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and decentralized applications without traditional intermediaries. These services include digital payments, lending, trading, insurance, and asset management, leveraging blockchain\u0026#039;s inherent characteristics of transparency, immutability, and security to create new financial products and improve existing ones. (Source: World Economic Forum, with OECD and European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"96"},{"counter":"358","id":"1020","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Bluetooth","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances using ultra-high frequency radio waves, typically between fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area networks. It was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS-232 data cables, and can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization. \u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: IEEE Global Initiative - https:\/\/standards.ieee.org\/featured\/bluetooth\/)","depth":"2","weight":"37"},{"counter":"359","id":"1021","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Broadcasting and radio communication","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The transmission of electromagnetic signals carrying audio, video, or data content from a central point to multiple receiving devices simultaneously through wireless communication methods, including traditional radio waves, digital broadcasting, and satellite transmission systems, enabling mass communication and information dissemination across wide geographical areas.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Telecommunication Union - ITU, with input from European Broadcasting Union - EBU)","depth":"2","weight":"38"},{"counter":"360","id":"1126","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Capacity development function","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The function through which an organization builds and strengthens its institutional capabilities to perform core functions, solve problems, define and achieve objectives, and understand and deal with development needs in a sustainable manner. It encompasses the process of equipping individuals, organizations, and societies with the understanding, skills, and access to resources needed to improve their capacity.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: United Nations Development Programme - UNDP, World Bank)","depth":"1","weight":"112"},{"counter":"361","id":"1059","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Carbon credits","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A market-based instrument representing a verified reduction, avoidance, or removal of one metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) from the atmosphere. Carbon credits can be traded, sold, or retired to compensate for greenhouse gas emissions, enabling organizations and individuals to offset their carbon footprint through investments in emission reduction projects or carbon removal activities.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNFCCC, with World Bank and European Commission as secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"101"},{"counter":"362","id":"2073","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Chemicals","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Any substance consisting of matter in a specific composition that cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., without breaking chemical bonds, and can be processed or manufactured to be used on a commercial scale in products or manufacturing. This includes both organic and inorganic substances, pure chemical elements and chemical compounds. (Source: European Commission - JRC and UNEP)","depth":"1","weight":"11"},{"counter":"363","id":"1093","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Citizen science in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The systematic collection and analysis of agricultural data by members of the public, usually in collaboration with professional scientists, contributing to agricultural research, monitoring, and decision-making. It involves farmers, rural communities, and other stakeholders actively participating in scientific projects through observation, data collection, and sharing of local knowledge about farming practices, biodiversity, soil conditions, and climate impacts.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission - EU Science Hub, with FAO and OECD as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"176"},{"counter":"364","id":"1022","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Cloud","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Computing resources (software, hardware, or a combination) delivered as an on-demand service over the Internet, where users can access shared computing power, storage, and applications without having to manage the underlying infrastructure, enabling scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. (Source: ITU and NIST)","depth":"2","weight":"39"},{"counter":"365","id":"1139","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Codes of conduct","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Written principles, values, practices, and expectations that guide behavior and relationships within an organization, community, or professional context, establishing standards for ethical conduct, responsibility, and accountability among members or participants. (Source: OECD and ILO websites, with World Economic Forum and European Commission as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"168"},{"counter":"366","id":"1083","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Collective marketing initiatives","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Collective marketing initiatives are cooperative arrangements where producers, typically small-scale farmers or artisans, join forces to market their products together, sharing resources, costs, and risks while increasing bargaining power and market access. These initiatives often include joint branding, quality standards, logistics, and marketing strategies to achieve economies of scale and better market positioning.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO, with secondary sources including IFAD and European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"163"},{"counter":"367","id":"1091","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Community engagement","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The process of working collaboratively with and through groups of people affiliated by geographic proximity, special interest, or similar situations to address issues affecting the well-being of those people. It involves partnerships and coalitions that help mobilize resources and influence systems, change relationships among partners, and serve as catalysts for changing policies, programs, and practices.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC, supported by World Health Organization WHO and United Nations)","depth":"1","weight":"175"},{"counter":"368","id":"1094","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Community seed banks","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Community seed banks are locally governed and managed institutions that maintain seeds for local use, primarily to ensure seed supply and preserve local crop varieties for food security and agricultural biodiversity. They collect, store, multiply and distribute seeds while serving as platforms for community development, learning and farmer empowerment through the conservation and exchange of traditional knowledge.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Bioversity International\/FAO)","depth":"2","weight":"177"},{"counter":"369","id":"1078","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Community-supported agriculture (CSA)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A partnership between farmers and consumers where consumers purchase shares of a farm\u0026#039;s anticipated harvest in advance, sharing both the risks and benefits of food production. Members pay at the beginning of the growing season for a share of the anticipated harvest, receiving weekly portions of vegetables and other farm products throughout the growing season, while providing farmers with upfront working capital and guaranteed markets for their produce. (Source: FAO Agricultural Innovation Systems, European Commission - Social Innovation Community)","depth":"2","weight":"159"},{"counter":"370","id":"1198","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Conservation practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The implementation of activities and approaches to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural or modified ecosystems while addressing societal challenges and providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. These practices include sustainable land management, soil conservation, water conservation, habitat protection, and ecological restoration techniques. (Source: IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), with FAO, UNEP)","depth":"2","weight":"66"},{"counter":"371","id":"1208","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Constructed wetlands","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Constructed wetlands are engineered systems designed to mimic natural wetland processes, using vegetation, soils, and microbial assemblages to treat wastewater, manage stormwater runoff, create wildlife habitats, and provide other ecosystem services. These systems can be surface flow (free water surface) or subsurface flow, and are used for primary, secondary, or tertiary treatment of various types of wastewater.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNEP\/UN-Habitat, with supporting information from EPA and European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"67"},{"counter":"372","id":"1080","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Consumer cooperatives","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Consumer cooperatives are autonomous associations of consumers, owned and democratically controlled by their members, who voluntarily unite to meet their common economic, social, and cultural needs through a jointly owned and democratically controlled enterprise. Their primary purpose is to provide goods and services to their members at competitive prices while ensuring quality and ethical business practices. (Source: International Cooperative Alliance (ICA), with support from OECD, UN agencies)","depth":"2","weight":"160"},{"counter":"373","id":"1077","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Cooperative models and aggregation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A cooperative model is a social innovation approach where multiple actors work together through formal or informal arrangements to achieve shared objectives and create mutual benefits. This includes collective decision-making processes, shared resource management, and joint value creation. Aggregation refers to the combination of efforts, resources, or outputs from multiple participants to achieve economies of scale and enhanced impact. (Source: OECD Innovation Policy Platform, European Commission Social Innovation Community)","depth":"1","weight":"158"},{"counter":"374","id":"2097","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Corporate Responsibility policies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Corporate Responsibility policies are systematic guidelines and frameworks adopted by companies to manage their impact on society, environment, and economy, integrating social and environmental concerns into business operations and stakeholder interactions on a voluntary basis, going beyond legal compliance to contribute to sustainable development and ethical business practices.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission - Corporate Social Responsibility \u0026amp; Responsible Business Conduct, with input from OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises)","depth":"2","weight":"141"},{"counter":"375","id":"1105","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Cross-sectoral and Collaborative Policy Approaches","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Cross-sectoral and collaborative policy approaches refer to governance mechanisms that involve multiple sectors, stakeholders, and levels of government working together to address complex challenges through integrated policy solutions. These approaches emphasize coordination across traditional departmental boundaries, shared decision-making, and the alignment of resources and expertise to achieve common policy objectives and create more effective, sustainable outcomes. (Source: OECD - Observatory of Public Sector Innovation, European Commission - Better Regulation Toolbox)","depth":"1","weight":"148"},{"counter":"376","id":"1075","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Crowdfunding platforms for agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Online platforms connecting agricultural ventures with potential investors, enabling farmers, agribusinesses, and agricultural projects to raise funds through collective contributions from multiple individuals or organizations. These platforms facilitate direct investment in agricultural activities, often using various funding models like equity, debt, or rewards-based crowdfunding to support farm operations, equipment purchases, or agricultural innovations. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"97"},{"counter":"377","id":"1103","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Data initiatives in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Data initiatives in agriculture refer to systematic efforts to collect, manage, share and utilize agricultural data through digital platforms, policies and frameworks, enabling better decision-making, transparency and efficiency across food systems. These initiatives encompass data governance mechanisms, open data policies, digital agriculture platforms, and collaborative data-sharing programs that support evidence-based agricultural development and policy-making. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Global Open Data for Agriculture and Nutrition (GODAN))","depth":"2","weight":"146"},{"counter":"378","id":"1023","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Desktop\/web-based application","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A desktop\/web-based application is software that runs on a personal computer or through a web browser, combining features of traditional desktop software with web functionality. It can operate either offline on a local machine or online through web browsers, providing user interface and functionality similar to desktop applications while potentially leveraging internet connectivity for enhanced features and data access. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"40"},{"counter":"379","id":"1015","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Digital technologies","value":"\u003Cp\u003EDigital technologies describe technologies that are based on (computer) hardware, software and networking, and are distinguished from classic technologies by their flexibility and high availability.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESource: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/agrovoc.fao.org\/browse\/agrovoc\/en\/page\/c_4b2d7f85\u0022\u003EAgrovoc\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EDigital technologies describe technologies that are based on (computer) hardware, software and networking, and are distinguished from classic technologies by their flexibility and high availability.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESource: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/agrovoc.fao.org\/browse\/agrovoc\/en\/page\/c_4b2d7f85\u0022\u003EAgrovoc\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Digital technologies refer to electronic tools, systems, devices and resources that generate, store, process, exchange or use digital data. These include social media, online games and applications, multimedia, productivity applications, cloud computing, interoperable systems and mobile devices. Digital technologies describe technologies that are based on (computer) hardware, software and networking, and are distinguished from classic technologies by their flexibility and high availability. \u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission Digital Education Action Plan, with AGROVOC)","depth":"1","weight":"31"},{"counter":"380","id":"1040","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Digital twins","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A digital twin is a virtual representation of a real-world entity or system. The implementation of a digital twin involves real-time data collection, representation, and simulation of the physical object or process, enabling monitoring, analysis, and optimization of its performance. Digital twins can represent products, processes, systems, or entire organizations, facilitating decision-making and predictive maintenance.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: ISO\/DIS 23247-1:2021 Automation systems and integration \u2014 Digital Twin framework for manufacturing)","depth":"2","weight":"41"},{"counter":"381","id":"1024","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Drone","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"An unmanned aircraft that can be remotely controlled or can fly autonomously using software-controlled flight plans in its embedded systems, working in conjunction with onboard sensors and GPS. Drones range from small recreational units to large military aircraft and can be used for various purposes including surveillance, delivery, photography, and data collection.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"42"},{"counter":"382","id":"1203","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Drought-resistant techniques","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural practices and technologies designed to maintain crop productivity during periods of water scarcity, including drought-tolerant crop varieties, soil moisture conservation methods, efficient irrigation systems, mulching, and water-harvesting techniques that help crops survive and produce yields under water-stressed conditions.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO - AGROVOC)","depth":"2","weight":"68"},{"counter":"383","id":"1025","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"E-commerce\/online marketplace","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A digital trading platform or web-based service that facilitates transactions between multiple buyers and sellers, enabling the exchange of goods, services, or information through electronic means. It typically includes features for product listing, price comparison, payment processing, and customer feedback, creating a virtual marketplace where parties can conduct business transactions over the internet. (Source: OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2020, World Economic Forum Digital Transformation Initiative)","depth":"2","weight":"43"},{"counter":"384","id":"1026","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"E-payment","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Electronic payment, or e-payment, refers to any payment made through electronic or digital means, without the use of cash or checks. It encompasses transactions where money is transferred electronically from one account to another, including digital wallets, mobile payments, online banking transfers, payment cards, and other digital payment methods, enabling secure and convenient financial transactions in both physical and virtual environments. (Source: European Commission - Digital Single Market glossary, with World Bank, OECD)","depth":"2","weight":"44"},{"counter":"385","id":"1209","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Ecological corridors","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Areas of suitable habitat linking populations of species separated by human activities or structures (roads, development, logging, etc.). These corridors are critical for the maintenance of ecological processes including allowing for the movement of animals and the continuation of viable populations. They range from local to continental scales, including pathways for both terrestrial and aquatic species. (Source: Convention on Biological Diversity - CBD, supported by IUCN)","depth":"2","weight":"69"},{"counter":"386","id":"1048","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Electric farm vehicles","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Electric farm vehicles are self-propelled machines used in agricultural operations that are powered primarily by electricity stored in batteries or supplied through power lines, rather than conventional fossil fuels. These include tractors, utility vehicles, harvesters, and other specialized agricultural equipment modified or designed to run on electric power systems.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"86"},{"counter":"387","id":"999","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Environmental biotechnology","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The use of biological processes, organisms, and systems to create products and technologies that help monitor, prevent, treat, and remediate environmental problems and promote sustainable development. Environmental biotechnology encompasses waste treatment, pollution prevention, resource recovery, environmental monitoring, and development of clean industrial processes and products.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD Biotechnology Statistics, with inputs from UNEP and European Environment Agency)","depth":"2","weight":"6"},{"counter":"388","id":"1119","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Equitable partnerships","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A partnership approach characterized by shared power, responsibilities, resources and benefits among all participating entities, founded on mutual respect, transparency, accountability and understanding, where all partners have equal opportunities to contribute and influence decisions, regardless of their size, resources or status. The relationship emphasizes fairness in both process and outcomes, fostering sustainable collaboration and equitable distribution of value.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"126"},{"counter":"389","id":"1096","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Experimental and Adaptive Policy Mechanisms","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Policy mechanisms designed to evolve through systematic testing and refinement based on evidence and outcomes, characterized by deliberate experimentation, monitoring, evaluation, and adjustment cycles. These approaches enable policymakers to test different interventions, learn from results, and modify policies accordingly, fostering continuous improvement and adaptation to changing conditions. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"132"},{"counter":"390","id":"1153","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach under which producers are given significant responsibility - financial and\/or physical - for the treatment or disposal of post-consumer products. This responsibility extends throughout a product\u0026#039;s lifecycle from selection of materials and design to its end-of-life. EPR provides incentives to prevent wastes at the source, promote product design for the environment, and support public recycling goals.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD - Environment Programme; secondary sources: European Commission, United Nations Environment Programme)","depth":"2","weight":"142"},{"counter":"391","id":"1128","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Farmer business schools","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A Farmer Business School (FBS) is a participatory, action learning process that builds farmers\u0026#039; capacity to make their farming enterprises profitable and respond to business opportunities by improving links to markets and service providers. It helps farming families develop entrepreneurial skills, make informed decisions, and innovate their farm operations and marketing activities. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization FAO, International Fund for Agricultural Development IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"114"},{"counter":"392","id":"1125","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Farmer field schools","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Farmer field schools are groups of farmers who meet regularly during a cropping season to study farming techniques through hands-on learning and experimentation in field plots. They focus on participatory learning, group interaction, and innovation to improve agricultural practices, decision-making skills, and critical thinking for better farm management and sustainable agriculture. (Source: FAO http:\/\/www.fao.org\/farmer-field-schools\/en\/, with additional input from IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"115"},{"counter":"393","id":"1082","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Farmer producer organizations","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Farmer producer organizations are formal rural organizations whose members are smallholder farmers that cooperate to improve farm productivity, market access, and incomes through joint input acquisition, production planning, processing, marketing, and other economic services. They operate under various legal forms including cooperatives, associations, and companies, governed by farmer-members following democratic principles.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO, with supporting information from World Bank and International Fund for Agricultural Development - IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"161"},{"counter":"394","id":"1058","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Financial","value":"\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Innovation: New or improved financial mechanisms, instruments, or services, such as microcredit, index-based insurance, social impact bonds, carbon credits or fintech solutions, that increase access to finance and manage risks for actors in agrifood systems.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EFinancial Innovation: New or improved financial mechanisms, instruments, or services, such as microcredit, index-based insurance, social impact bonds, carbon credits or fintech solutions, that increase access to finance and manage risks for actors in agrifood systems.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Of or relating to the management, creation and study of money, investments, banking and credit. Financial innovation refers to new or improved financial mechanisms, instruments, or services that create value by meeting market demands, reducing costs, reducing risks, or providing better products, services and solutions to economic needs. In particular, the term refers to Financial Innovation: New or improved financial mechanisms, instruments, or services, such as microcredit, index-based insurance, social impact bonds, carbon credits or fintech solutions, that increase access to finance and manage risks for actors in agrifood systems. (Source: OECD\/World Economic Forum, with World Bank and IMF as secondary sources)","depth":"0","weight":"92"},{"counter":"395","id":"1072","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Fintech solutions","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Financial technology solutions that integrate innovative technologies into products and services in the financial sector, including digital banking, mobile payments, blockchain applications, artificial intelligence-driven financial services, and other technology-enabled financial innovations that enhance efficiency, accessibility, and user experience in financial services delivery. (Source: World Economic Forum https:\/\/www3.weforum.org\/docs\/WEF_Beyond_Fintech_A_Pragmatic_Assessment_of_Disruptive_Potential_in_Financial_Services_2017.pdf)","depth":"1","weight":"93"},{"counter":"396","id":"1204","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Flood mitigation strategies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Flood mitigation strategies are systematic approaches and interventions designed to reduce or prevent the adverse impacts of flood hazards through structural and non-structural measures, including engineering works, land-use planning, early warning systems, and nature-based solutions. These strategies aim to minimize flood damage to communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems while enhancing resilience to flooding events.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNDRR - United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, with supporting information from European Environment Agency)","depth":"2","weight":"70"},{"counter":"397","id":"1064","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Food security bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Food security bonds are a type of social impact bonds designed to finance interventions that improve food security outcomes for vulnerable populations. These financial instruments link returns to investors with measurable improvements in food security indicators, such as reduced malnutrition rates or increased access to sustainable food sources.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources.)","depth":"2","weight":"106"},{"counter":"398","id":"1086","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Food security bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"I could not find a globally accepted definition from authoritative sources for \u0026quot;Food security bonds\u0026quot; that meets the given reputational criteria.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSource: multiple secondary sources.","depth":"2","weight":"170"},{"counter":"399","id":"1109","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Frugal innovation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Frugal innovation refers to reducing complexity and cost while optimizing performance and scale to create simplified, sustainable solutions that meet the needs of resource-constrained consumers, particularly in emerging markets. It involves redesigning products, services, and processes to cut costs while preserving or enhancing social and environmental benefits, often leveraging local resources and knowledge. (Source: OECD Innovation for Development Report, World Economic Forum)","depth":"2","weight":"155"},{"counter":"400","id":"1088","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Frugal innovation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Frugal innovation refers to the process of reducing the complexity and cost of goods while maintaining or improving their core benefits, typically through redesigning products, using local resources, and adapting existing technologies to create solutions that are simpler, cheaper, and more sustainable than traditional alternatives, particularly aimed at serving resource-constrained consumers in emerging markets.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD Innovation Strategy, with additional input from World Bank and United Nations Industrial Development Organization)","depth":"1","weight":"172"},{"counter":"401","id":"995","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Genetic engineering and gene editing (CRISPR, etc.)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Genetic engineering and gene editing refer to techniques used to modify an organism\u0026#039;s genetic material (DNA) by adding, removing, or altering specific genes. CRISPR-Cas9 and other tools enable precise DNA modifications. These technologies allow scientists to change traits, cure genetic diseases, improve crop resilience, and develop new biotechnology applications, while raising ethical considerations about their responsible use. (Source: World Health Organization, with European Commission and UNESCO)","depth":"2","weight":"7"},{"counter":"402","id":"1052","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Geospatial technologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Technologies and tools used to acquire, manipulate, analyze, and store geographic information, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Global Positioning Systems (GPS), remote sensing technologies, digital mapping, and spatial analysis tools. These technologies enable the collection, processing, and visualization of location-based data to understand spatial patterns, relationships, and trends on Earth\u0026#039;s surface. (Source: United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs - UNOOSA, with European Space Agency and UNEP as secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"59"},{"counter":"403","id":"1027","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"GIS","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computerized system that captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents spatial or geographic data. It integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information, enabling users to visualize, question, analyze, and interpret data to understand relationships, patterns, and trends.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNGGIM - United Nations Committee of Experts on Global Geospatial Information Management, with ESRI, ISO\/TC 211 as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"61"},{"counter":"404","id":"1142","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Global logistics network ","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A global logistics network represents the integrated, worldwide system of transportation, storage, distribution, and information management that enables the efficient movement of goods, services, and related information from origin to destination across international borders, encompassing physical infrastructure, digital technologies, and operational processes that connect suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, and customers on a global scale.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: World Economic Forum Global Supply Chain and Transport Initiative, with input from OECD)","depth":"2","weight":"82"},{"counter":"405","id":"1129","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Governance function","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The function through which an organization or system directs, controls and holds accountable its constituent parts by establishing structures, processes, rules, and mechanisms for decision-making, resource allocation, oversight, and stakeholder engagement. It encompasses the formal and informal arrangements that determine how decisions are made, how power is exercised, and how responsibilities are allocated.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms, World Bank Governance and Public Sector Management)","depth":"1","weight":"116"},{"counter":"406","id":"1028","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"GPS","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based radio navigation system that enables users to determine their location, velocity and time 24 hours a day, in all weather conditions, anywhere in the world. The system consists of a constellation of satellites orbiting Earth, ground control stations, and user receivers that calculate positions by measuring distances to satellites.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Telecommunication Union - ITU; secondary sources: US National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing)","depth":"2","weight":"62"},{"counter":"407","id":"1090","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Grassroots innovation networks","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Grassroots innovation networks are decentralized systems of individuals, communities, and organizations that develop novel solutions to local challenges through bottom-up processes, often utilizing indigenous knowledge and local resources. These networks typically operate outside formal institutions, emphasizing collective learning, social inclusion, and sustainable development while addressing needs unmet by mainstream innovation systems. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"173"},{"counter":"408","id":"1191","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Ground preparation and management machinery","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Equipment and machinery used to prepare and manage agricultural land, including tools and implements for plowing, tilling, leveling, seedbed preparation, soil cultivation, and other operations that establish optimal soil conditions for crop growth and development. This category encompasses both traditional and modern mechanized solutions for soil management in farming operations.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"26"},{"counter":"409","id":"1068","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Group lending models for farmers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Group lending models for farmers are a form of microcredit where multiple farmers form a group to collectively access loans, with members sharing responsibility for repayment and providing mutual guarantees. This approach reduces lender risk through peer pressure and social collateral, while enabling smallholder farmers to access credit they might not qualify for individually. (Source: FAO Rural Finance Learning Center, with IFAD and World Bank as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"100"},{"counter":"410","id":"1192","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Harvesting and processing equipment","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Equipment used for harvesting and post-harvest operations including collection, handling, threshing, cleaning, sorting, grading, drying and initial processing of agricultural products. This includes both manual tools and mechanized equipment such as harvesters, threshers, cleaners, dryers and primary processing machinery used to prepare agricultural products for storage or market. (Source: FAO\/AGROVOC + World Bank Rural Development Strategy)\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSource: FAO AGROVOC","depth":"2","weight":"28"},{"counter":"411","id":"1205","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Heat-tolerant varieties","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Crop varieties that have been bred or genetically modified to maintain productivity under higher-than-usual temperatures, demonstrating resilience to heat stress through various physiological and molecular mechanisms. These varieties are developed through conventional breeding, genetic engineering, or a combination of both approaches to help agricultural systems adapt to climate change and ensure food security in warming conditions.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO AGROVOC Thesaurus, European Commission - Climate-ADAPT)","depth":"2","weight":"71"},{"counter":"412","id":"1049","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Hydrogen fuel cells in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Hydrogen fuel cells in agriculture refers to devices that convert hydrogen into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions to power agricultural machinery, irrigation systems, and farm operations. These systems offer zero-emission power generation, contributing to sustainable farming practices while providing reliable, clean energy for various agricultural applications, including tractors, greenhouse climate control, and off-grid power supply for remote farming operations.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Renewable Energy Agency - IRENA, with input from FAO and European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"87"},{"counter":"413","id":"1152","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Incentive-based Policy Instruments","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Policy instruments that use financial incentives (positive or negative) to influence behavior and achieve policy goals by making certain actions more or less attractive through economic rewards or penalties. These may include taxes, subsidies, tradable permits, deposit-refund systems, and performance bonds designed to encourage desired outcomes or discourage undesirable ones. (Source: OECD Environmental Policy Tools and Evaluation)","depth":"1","weight":"137"},{"counter":"414","id":"1136","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Inclusion and Equity-Oriented Policies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Inclusion and equity-oriented policies are government or organizational directives and frameworks designed to promote fair access to opportunities, resources, and benefits across all segments of society, with particular attention to historically marginalized or underserved groups. These policies aim to remove systemic barriers, reduce disparities, and ensure meaningful participation in social, economic, and political processes. (Source: OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs)","depth":"1","weight":"151"},{"counter":"415","id":"1131","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Inclusive decision-making processes in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Decision-making processes in agriculture that actively involve and consider diverse stakeholders, including farmers, local communities, women, youth, indigenous peoples, and marginalized groups, ensuring their meaningful participation in planning, implementing, and evaluating agricultural policies, programs, and practices that affect their livelihoods and food systems.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, with inputs from IFAD and World Bank)","depth":"2","weight":"117"},{"counter":"416","id":"2088","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Inclusive policy frameworks","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Epolicies designed with participatory approaches or explicit inclusion mechanisms\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Epolicies designed with participatory approaches or explicit inclusion mechanisms\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Policy frameworks that promote equal access, participation, and benefits for all members of society, particularly marginalized or underrepresented groups, through systematic incorporation of diverse perspectives, needs, and interests in policy design, implementation, and evaluation processes. In particular, the term refers to policies designed with participatory approaches or explicit inclusion mechanisms.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion, with inputs from OECD and UN DESA)","depth":"2","weight":"153"},{"counter":"417","id":"1070","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Index-based crop insurance","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A form of insurance that provides financial protection to farmers against crop losses based on a predefined index rather than actual crop damage. The index typically measures weather variables (like rainfall, temperature) or area yield that strongly correlate with crop losses. Payouts are triggered automatically when the index reaches certain thresholds, without requiring verification of individual losses, making it more efficient and cost-effective than traditional crop insurance. (Source: World Bank Group https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/financialsector\/brief\/agricultural-insurance, FAO, IFAD)","depth":"2","weight":"109"},{"counter":"418","id":"1097","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Innovation sandboxes","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Esafe testing environments for new policy instruments or regulatory frameworks\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Esafe testing environments for new policy instruments or regulatory frameworks\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Controlled environments where policymakers, regulators and innovators can test new approaches, technologies or business models under real-world conditions, with temporary relaxation of existing rules while maintaining appropriate safeguards. They enable evidence-based policy development through practical experimentation and learning. In particular, the term refers to safe testing environments for new policy instruments or regulatory frameworks. (Source: World Economic Forum and UNEP, with European Commission and OECD as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"134"},{"counter":"419","id":"1069","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Innovative insurance products","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Insurance products that bring novel features or improvements in coverage, pricing, distribution channels, underwriting, claims processing, or customer experience, designed to address evolving market needs and risks. These can include parametric insurance, microinsurance, usage-based insurance, peer-to-peer insurance models, or tech-enabled products that leverage data analytics, IoT, or blockchain for enhanced efficiency and customization.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"108"},{"counter":"420","id":"1029","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Instant messaging","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A form of real-time communication between two or more people through networked computers or mobile devices, where text messages are sent and received instantly, often accompanied by features like presence awareness, file sharing, and multimedia messaging capabilities. In contrast to email, instant messaging happens in real-time and usually requires both parties to be online simultaneously.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources.)","depth":"2","weight":"45"},{"counter":"421","id":"1116","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Institutional","value":"\u003Cp\u003EInstitutional Innovation: New or improved institutional arrangements, governance structures, partnerships, or organizational models that enhance coordination, collaboration, or efficiency within agrifood systems. It includes governance functions, knowledge management functions, partnerships...\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EInstitutional Innovation: New or improved institutional arrangements, governance structures, partnerships, or organizational models that enhance coordination, collaboration, or efficiency within agrifood systems. It includes governance functions, knowledge management functions, partnerships...\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Innovation involving changes in established rules, norms, practices, policies, governance systems and institutional arrangements that guide how different actors interact. This includes new ways of organizing, coordinating and governing relationships between organizations and stakeholders to achieve collective goals and improve system performance. In particular, the term refers to Institutional Innovation: New or improved institutional arrangements, governance structures, partnerships, or organizational models that enhance coordination, collaboration, or efficiency within agrifood systems. It includes governance functions, knowledge management functions, partnerships. (Source: OECD, with WEF and UN FAO as secondary sources)","depth":"0","weight":"111"},{"counter":"422","id":"1108","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Integrated ecosystem policy frameworks","value":"\u003Cp\u003E(approaches that deliberately bridge sectors or policy domains, supporting systemic solutions)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E(approaches that deliberately bridge sectors or policy domains, supporting systemic solutions)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"A coordinated and holistic policy approach that combines multiple sectoral policies and regulatory frameworks into a cohesive system, recognizing the interconnections between different domains such as environment, agriculture, trade, and development. It aims to create synergistic effects and avoid conflicting interventions across sectors while promoting sustainable outcomes. In particular, the term refers to approaches that deliberately bridge sectors or policy domains, supporting systemic solutions.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources, including OECD, European Commission, UN Environment Programme)","depth":"2","weight":"150"},{"counter":"423","id":"1197","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Integrated management systems","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A management system that integrates all components of a business into one coherent system to enable the achievement of its purpose and mission. This includes combining multiple standards and requirements into a single framework that addresses quality, environment, health and safety, and other organizational aspects to improve overall effectiveness and reduce duplication of effort. (Source: ISO - International Organization for Standardization, supported by European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"72"},{"counter":"424","id":"1134","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Integration of traditional and scientific knowledge","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The integration of traditional and scientific knowledge refers to approaches combining indigenous or local knowledge systems with modern scientific methods and understanding to create more comprehensive and culturally appropriate solutions. This includes merging traditional ecological knowledge, cultural practices, and historical observations with contemporary research methodologies, data collection, and analysis to enhance understanding and decision-making in areas like resource management, conservation, and sustainable development. (Source: UNESCO - Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems Programme, with IPBES, UNEP)","depth":"2","weight":"129"},{"counter":"425","id":"1041","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Internet of Food (IoF)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The Internet of Food (IoF) refers to the application of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and data analytics to food systems, encompassing the entire food supply chain from production to consumption. It involves interconnected sensors, devices, and platforms that collect, analyze, and share data about food quality, safety, traceability, and sustainability, enabling smart decision-making and optimization across the food value chain.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"46"},{"counter":"426","id":"1030","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Internet of Things (IoT)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The Internet of Things refers to a network of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies that enable them to collect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet. This global infrastructure for the information society enables advanced services by interconnecting physical and virtual things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Telecommunication Union - ITU-T Y.2060, with World Economic Forum, OECD)","depth":"2","weight":"47"},{"counter":"427","id":"1193","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Irrigation and water management equipment ","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Equipment and systems designed to supply water to agricultural land through artificial means to assist in growing crops and sustaining plant growth. This includes sprinklers, drip irrigation systems, pumps, pipes, canals, water storage facilities, moisture sensors, and control systems used to distribute water efficiently and monitor soil moisture levels for optimal crop production. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - AGROVOC)","depth":"2","weight":"27"},{"counter":"428","id":"1124","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Knowledge management and data sharing initiatives","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Systematic processes and practices for collecting, organizing, storing, and sharing data and knowledge assets within and between organizations to improve efficiency, decision-making, and innovation. This includes tools, technologies, and frameworks for capturing tacit and explicit knowledge, facilitating collaboration, ensuring data quality and accessibility, and promoting knowledge exchange across institutional boundaries. (Source: OECD Innovation Policy Platform, World Bank Knowledge Management)","depth":"2","weight":"120"},{"counter":"429","id":"1123","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Knowledge management function","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A Knowledge management function encompasses the systematic processes, strategies and tools within an organization to identify, create, distribute, adopt and apply insights and experiences. This includes capturing, storing, sharing, and effectively managing the knowledge and know-how of the organization to enhance its operational efficiency, decision-making capabilities, and competitive advantage through institutional learning and memory. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"119"},{"counter":"430","id":"1151","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Levelling-the-playing-field policies","value":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicies that reduce asymmetries between actors, ensuring fair participation in markets and decision-making.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicies that reduce asymmetries between actors, ensuring fair participation in markets and decision-making.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Policies and regulations designed to create equitable conditions among different actors in markets, institutions, or social contexts by addressing existing inequalities and barriers to participation. These measures aim to ensure fair competition, access to resources, and equal opportunities for all stakeholders. In particular, the term refers to policies that reduce asymmetries between actors, ensuring fair participation in markets and decision-making. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"154"},{"counter":"431","id":"1057","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"LiDAR technology in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology in agriculture refers to a remote sensing method that uses light in the form of pulsed lasers to measure ranges and variable distances to create detailed 3D maps and models of agricultural landscapes, crops, and terrain features, enabling precision farming applications such as crop monitoring, yield estimation, and field management optimization. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"63"},{"counter":"432","id":"1210","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Living barriers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A living barrier is a physical barrier or protection formed by living vegetation, such as trees, shrubs, grasses, or other plants, strategically planted to protect areas, infrastructure, or resources from various environmental threats, including wind, soil erosion, flooding, or noise. Living barriers are nature-based solutions that provide both protective functions and additional ecosystem services like biodiversity enhancement and carbon sequestration.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"73"},{"counter":"433","id":"1207","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Local environmental prediction techniques","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Techniques and methodologies used to analyze and forecast local environmental conditions and changes, including weather patterns, biodiversity shifts, soil conditions, and ecosystem dynamics within a specific geographical area, typically combining traditional knowledge with modern monitoring tools to support decision-making in nature-based solutions and environmental management.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\nSource: multiple secondary sources.","depth":"2","weight":"74"},{"counter":"434","id":"1089","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Low-cost farming tools and techniques","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Low-cost farming tools and techniques refer to agricultural equipment and practices designed to be affordable, simple to use, and accessible to smallholder farmers, while maintaining effectiveness and sustainability. These include reduced-input methods, locally adapted implements, and resource-efficient practices that minimize costs while maximizing productivity, often incorporating traditional knowledge with modern adaptations.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"174"},{"counter":"435","id":"1031","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Machine learning","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that enables computer systems to learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. It involves developing algorithms and statistical models that allow systems to perform tasks by finding patterns in data, making decisions, and adapting their behavior based on new information, rather than following pre-programmed rules. (Source: World Economic Forum https:\/\/intelligence.weforum.org\/topics\/a1Gb0000000pTDREA2 with OECD, IEEE)","depth":"2","weight":"48"},{"counter":"436","id":"1009","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Manufacturing technologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Technologies used in manufacturing processes and systems to transform raw materials, components, or parts into finished goods that meet customer expectations. These include both traditional production methods and advanced techniques such as automation, robotics, computer-integrated manufacturing, additive manufacturing, and smart manufacturing systems.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organization, with inputs from ISO and World Economic Forum)","depth":"1","weight":"19"},{"counter":"437","id":"2098","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Market-based instruments","value":"\u003Cp\u003E(taxes, subsidies, tradable permits)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E(taxes, subsidies, tradable permits)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Policy instruments that encourage behavioral change through market signals rather than through explicit directives or regulations. These tools harness market forces to achieve environmental, social, or economic objectives by altering relative prices, creating markets, or providing financial incentives to influence decision-making. In particular, the term refers to taxes, subsidies, tradable permits. (Source: OECD + European Environment Agency, with World Bank as secondary source)","depth":"2","weight":"139"},{"counter":"438","id":"1188","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Mechanization","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The process of replacing manual operations or animal-powered work with machinery and equipment to perform tasks, particularly in agriculture and manufacturing. Mechanization typically involves the use of powered machinery to assist human operators, increasing efficiency, productivity and precision while reducing physical labor requirements and production costs.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organization, with FAO and ILO as secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"25"},{"counter":"439","id":"1061","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Methane reduction credits","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A tradable credit unit representing the reduction or removal of one metric ton of methane emissions from the atmosphere, calculated in carbon dioxide equivalent units (CO2e). Similar to carbon credits but specifically focused on methane abatement activities, these credits can be traded in voluntary or compliance markets to offset methane emissions. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"104"},{"counter":"440","id":"1002","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Micro-nanotechnology \u0026amp; nanobiotech","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Technologies and applications that integrate micro-scale and nano-scale components and systems, particularly at the intersection of nanotechnology and biotechnology. This includes the manipulation of matter at molecular and atomic scales to create new materials, devices, and systems, especially those involving biological systems or processes, such as biosensors, drug delivery systems, and biomolecular engineering. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"12"},{"counter":"441","id":"1066","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Microcredit","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Small-scale financial services, primarily credit, provided to poor and low-income individuals, often self-employed or operating small businesses, who traditionally lack access to conventional banking services. These loans, typically of small amounts, enable income-generating activities and are often delivered through specialized microfinance institutions using innovative lending methodologies.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: World Bank, with additional input from CGAP and United Nations)","depth":"1","weight":"98"},{"counter":"442","id":"1032","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Mobile app","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A software application designed to run on mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, providing specific functionalities, services or content through a user interface optimized for mobile use. Mobile apps can be downloaded and installed directly on the device through digital distribution platforms, and can operate either online or offline depending on their purpose and design.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"49"},{"counter":"443","id":"1073","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Mobile banking for farmers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Mobile banking services designed specifically for farmers and agricultural communities, enabling financial transactions, payments, and access to agricultural financial services through mobile devices. These services typically include features like crop insurance payments, agricultural loan disbursements and repayments, input purchases, and market price information delivered via mobile phones or other portable devices.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"95"},{"counter":"444","id":"1120","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Multi-stakeholder platforms","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Multi-stakeholder platforms are strategic alliances between stakeholders from different sectors, such as government, civil society, research institutions, and private sector, who engage in processes of interactive learning, collaborative planning, and collective decision-making to address complex challenges and promote innovation through shared objectives and responsibilities.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO and CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture, with input from UNDP and World Bank)","depth":"1","weight":"121"},{"counter":"445","id":"1007","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nano pesticides, fertilizers and antibiotics","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Nanopesticides, fertilizers and antibiotics are agrochemical formulations that incorporate engineered nanostructures or nanoparticles, typically ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers in size, designed to enhance the efficiency, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of active ingredients in agricultural and veterinary applications, while potentially reducing environmental impact and increasing crop protection effectiveness.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: FAO\/WHO Expert Meeting on the Application of Nanotechnologies in the Food and Agriculture Sectors, European Commission Joint Research Centre)","depth":"2","weight":"14"},{"counter":"446","id":"1006","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nanomaterials for food packaging","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Nanomaterials used in food packaging are engineered materials with at least one dimension in the nanoscale (1-100 nanometers) incorporated into packaging materials to enhance properties such as barrier performance, mechanical strength, antimicrobial activity, and smart packaging functions. These materials can improve food preservation, extend shelf life, and enable monitoring of food quality and safety. (Source: European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and World Health Organization (WHO))","depth":"2","weight":"15"},{"counter":"447","id":"1005","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nanomaterials for water technologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Nanomaterials specifically designed and engineered for water treatment applications, including purification, desalination, and remediation of contaminated water. These materials typically have dimensions between 1-100 nanometers and include nanoparticles, nanostructured membranes, nanoscale catalysts, and nanoadsorbents that leverage unique physical and chemical properties at the nanoscale to enhance water treatment efficiency and effectiveness. (Source: European Commission - Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks, World Health Organization)","depth":"2","weight":"16"},{"counter":"448","id":"1004","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nanorobotics","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The design, fabrication, programming and control of nanoscale robots, typically ranging from 0.1-10 micrometers, capable of performing basic tasks at the nanoscale such as construction, manipulation, and measurement. These systems combine nanoscale engineering with robotics principles to create machines that can interact with and modify individual atoms or molecules. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"17"},{"counter":"449","id":"1008","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nanosensors for food safety and quality","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Nanosensors designed to detect, monitor and analyze food-related chemical compounds, biological agents, contaminants and quality parameters at nanoscale level. These devices integrate nanomaterials and nanostructures to provide rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of substances affecting food safety and quality through various sensing mechanisms including optical, electrochemical, and biological recognition elements. (Source: multiple secondary sources.)","depth":"2","weight":"18"},{"counter":"450","id":"1201","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Native species utilization","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The implementation of practices, methods and technologies that rely on native species to achieve specific outcomes, particularly in agriculture, conservation, and ecosystem restoration. This includes utilizing indigenous flora and fauna in ways that maintain ecological balance while providing economic, social or environmental benefits through sustainable management and use of local biodiversity resources. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"75"},{"counter":"451","id":"1196","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nature-based solutions","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Actions to protect, sustainably manage, and restore natural or modified ecosystems that address societal challenges effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. Nature-based solutions harness the power of functioning ecosystems as infrastructure to provide natural services benefiting both society and the environment. (Source: International Union for Conservation of Nature IUCN, European Commission, United Nations Environment Programme UNEP)","depth":"1","weight":"65"},{"counter":"452","id":"1211","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"New business models","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The development and implementation of novel organizational structures, revenue streams, and value propositions that challenge or replace conventional business logic and practices within a sector or market. This includes innovative ways of creating, delivering, and capturing value through new combinations of resources, partnerships, distribution channels, and customer relationships. (World Economic Forum, European Commission)","depth":"1","weight":"165"},{"counter":"453","id":"998","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"New methods for controlling gene expression","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Techniques and approaches developed to regulate when and how genes are activated or suppressed in organisms, including methods like RNA interference, CRISPR-based transcriptional control, epigenetic modifications, and synthetic regulatory elements, enabling precise control over gene expression patterns for research and therapeutic applications. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"8"},{"counter":"454","id":"1144","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Novel biomass ","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Biomass resources that are either newly identified or newly utilized for energy production, including non-traditional feedstocks, emerging biological materials, and unconventional organic waste streams that can be converted into bioenergy or biofuels through various conversion technologies. These may include algae, agricultural residues, industrial byproducts, and other organic materials not traditionally used for energy.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"83"},{"counter":"455","id":"1145","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Novel energy storage technologies ","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Novel energy storage technologies refer to emerging systems and methods designed to capture and store energy for later use, particularly focusing on innovative approaches beyond traditional batteries. These include advanced chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical storage solutions that aim to improve efficiency, capacity, durability, and cost-effectiveness compared to conventional storage technologies while supporting renewable energy integration.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Renewable Energy Agency - IRENA)","depth":"2","weight":"84"},{"counter":"456","id":"1051","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Novel energy storage technologies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Novel energy storage technologies refer to emerging and innovative systems, methods, and devices designed to capture, store, and release energy in more efficient, sustainable, or cost-effective ways compared to conventional storage solutions. These include advanced batteries, thermal storage, mechanical systems, chemical storage, and hybrid solutions that enable better integration of renewable energy sources and grid stability.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) with European Patent Office (EPO) and International Energy Agency (IEA) as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"88"},{"counter":"457","id":"1013","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Novel preservation methods","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Novel preservation methods refer to innovative technological approaches and techniques used to maintain and extend the shelf life, quality, and safety of products, particularly in food and materials processing. These methods encompass emerging physical, chemical, and biological preservation technologies that aim to improve traditional preservation methods by enhancing effectiveness, reducing energy consumption, or minimizing the use of chemical preservatives.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission - Research \u0026amp; Innovation, with input from FAO\/WHO Codex Alimentarius)","depth":"2","weight":"23"},{"counter":"458","id":"1050","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Nuclear energy in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Nuclear energy in agriculture refers to the application of nuclear technologies and techniques in agricultural practices, including the use of radiation and isotopes for crop improvement, pest control, soil and water management, food preservation, and agricultural research. It encompasses radiation-induced mutations for plant breeding, sterile insect techniques, nuclear moisture gauges, and radioisotope tracers to study plant nutrition and metabolism.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: IAEA - International Atomic Energy Agency https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/topics\/food-and-agriculture)","depth":"2","weight":"89"},{"counter":"459","id":"1033","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Online community","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A group of people who interact primarily through digital communication platforms, sharing common interests, goals, or purposes, and developing social relationships and norms over time. These communities exist in various forms such as social networking sites, forums, gaming platforms, or professional networks, where members engage in discussions, share content, and collaborate regardless of geographical boundaries. (Source: European Commission Digital Strategy, with OECD, UNESCO)","depth":"2","weight":"50"},{"counter":"460","id":"1071","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Parametric insurance for agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Parametric insurance for agriculture is an insurance product that pays out benefits based on a predetermined index or parameter (such as rainfall levels, temperature, or crop yield data) rather than traditional insurance that pays based on actual losses. When the parameter breaches an agreed threshold, the insurance automatically triggers a payout, eliminating the need for loss adjustment and accelerating claims settlement. (Source: World Bank Group https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/news\/feature\/2018\/03\/01\/what-is-parametric-insurance)","depth":"2","weight":"110"},{"counter":"461","id":"1130","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Participatory guarantee systems","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Participatory guarantee systems are locally focused quality assurance systems that certify producers based on active participation of stakeholders and are built on a foundation of trust, social networks and knowledge exchange. They represent alternatives to third-party certification, especially adapted to local markets and short supply chains. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO, with additional input from IFOAM - Organics International)","depth":"2","weight":"118"},{"counter":"462","id":"1092","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Participatory plant breeding","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Participatory plant breeding is a process by which farmers and plant breeders collaboratively develop crop varieties, combining traditional knowledge and formal breeding expertise. It involves systematic evaluation and selection of breeding materials by farmers in their target environments, ensuring new varieties meet local needs, preferences, and growing conditions while promoting biodiversity conservation and farmers\u0026#039; rights.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) - AGROVOC)","depth":"2","weight":"178"},{"counter":"463","id":"1135","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Partnerships","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A formal arrangement between two or more parties that establishes an official relationship to collaborate and pursue shared objectives, with defined roles, responsibilities, and mutual accountability. In institutional contexts, partnerships represent structured cooperation mechanisms that bring together different actors to achieve common goals through joint decision-making, resource sharing, and coordinated action. (Source: OECD, UN Global Compact, European Commission)","depth":"1","weight":"124"},{"counter":"464","id":"1095","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Policy","value":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicy innovation: Innovative approaches, mechanisms, and frameworks for policy design, implementation, and governance that enable systemic change and flexibility in response to evolving challenges. These are mechanisms by which policies are made more adaptive, inclusive, transparent, participatory, or experimental.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicy innovation: Innovative approaches, mechanisms, and frameworks for policy design, implementation, and governance that enable systemic change and flexibility in response to evolving challenges. These are mechanisms by which policies are made more adaptive, inclusive, transparent, participatory, or experimental.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"A principle, plan, or course of action pursued by a government, organization, individual or group, intended to influence and determine decisions, actions, and other matters. Policy encompasses formal rules, laws, regulations, procedures, and informal norms that guide behavior and decision-making processes to achieve specific goals and outcomes. In particular, the term refers to policy innovation: innovative approaches, mechanisms, and frameworks for policy design, implementation, and governance that enable systemic change and flexibility in response to evolving challenges.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD, with additional inputs from UN and European Commission)","depth":"0","weight":"131"},{"counter":"465","id":"1107","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Policy co-creation mechanisms","value":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicies developed through multi-stakeholder engagement and participatory design\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EPolicies developed through multi-stakeholder engagement and participatory design\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Policy co-creation mechanisms are systematic approaches and processes that enable collaborative development of policies through active participation of multiple stakeholders, including government bodies, citizens, private sector, and civil society organizations, ensuring shared ownership and more effective policy outcomes. In particular, the term refers to policies developed through multi-stakeholder engagement and participatory design. (Source: OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation, European Commission Joint Research Centre)","depth":"2","weight":"149"},{"counter":"466","id":"2085","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Policy experimentation mechanisms","value":"\u003Cp\u003Egeneral category for labs, pilots, and prototypes of policies\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003Egeneral category for labs, pilots, and prototypes of policies\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Policy experimentation mechanisms are structured approaches to test new policies, regulations, or governance models in controlled environments before full-scale implementation. They involve systematic trials, evaluation, and learning processes to assess policy effectiveness and impacts. They enable evidence-based policymaking through real-world testing while minimizing risks. In particular, the term refers to general category for labs, pilots, and prototypes of policies. (Source: OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation, World Economic Forum)","depth":"2","weight":"135"},{"counter":"467","id":"1202","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Pollinator-friendly practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural management practices that protect, enhance, and maintain populations of pollinators by providing suitable habitats, food sources, and minimizing harmful impacts. These practices include reducing pesticide use, maintaining diverse flowering plants, creating nesting sites, preserving natural areas, implementing buffer zones, and using integrated pest management strategies to support both wild and managed pollinators essential for ecosystem services and food production. (Source: FAO-CBD-IPBES Global Dialogue on Biological Diversity)","depth":"2","weight":"76"},{"counter":"468","id":"1079","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Producer cooperatives","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A business or organization that is owned and democratically controlled by workers who are also the producers of goods or services. Producer cooperatives enable members to collectively process, market, and distribute their products, sharing costs, risks, and benefits. Members participate in decision-making, contribute capital, and receive returns proportional to their participation. The cooperative structure helps producers achieve economies of scale and better market access. (Source: International Cooperative Alliance ICA, Food and Agriculture Organization FAO)","depth":"2","weight":"162"},{"counter":"469","id":"1117","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Public-private partnerships","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Cooperation arrangements between public authorities and private sector entities that ensure the funding, construction, renovation, management, operation or maintenance of infrastructure or the provision of a service, characterized by shared risks, costs and benefits between partners. The arrangement may include design, planning, delivery and long-term operation of assets and services traditionally provided by governments.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: European Commission \/ OECD \/ World Bank)","depth":"2","weight":"125"},{"counter":"470","id":"1042","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Quantum computing in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Quantum computing in agriculture refers to the application of quantum computing systems and algorithms to solve complex agricultural challenges, including crop optimization, weather forecasting, supply chain logistics, and sustainable resource management. It leverages quantum mechanics principles to process vast amounts of agricultural data exponentially faster than classical computers, enabling more precise farming decisions and improved agricultural outcomes.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"51"},{"counter":"471","id":"1053","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Realtime satellite imagery","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Satellite imagery captured, processed, and delivered to users within minutes or hours of acquisition, enabling near-immediate observation and analysis of Earth\u0026#039;s surface features, weather patterns, and temporal changes. The technology combines rapid data transmission, automated processing systems, and direct broadcast capabilities to minimize the delay between image capture and availability to end-users.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"64"},{"counter":"472","id":"1098","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Regulatory experimentation zones","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Egeographically limited areas where experimental policy measures are piloted\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Egeographically limited areas where experimental policy measures are piloted\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Designated physical or virtual spaces where regulatory authorities allow controlled testing of innovative products, services, or business models under relaxed regulatory requirements while maintaining appropriate safeguards. These zones enable evidence-based policymaking through real-world trials of new regulatory approaches and monitoring of their impacts. In particular, the term refers to geographically limited areas where experimental policy measures are piloted. (Source: World Economic Forum and OECD)","depth":"2","weight":"136"},{"counter":"473","id":"1034","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Remote sensing","value":"\u003Cp\u003EThe gathering and analysis of data from the study area or organism that is physically removed from the sensing equipment, e.g. sub-water surface detection instruments, aircraft or satellite.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESource: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/agrovoc.fao.org\/browse\/agrovoc\/en\/page\/c_6498\u0022\u003EAgrovoc\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003EThe gathering and analysis of data from the study area or organism that is physically removed from the sensing equipment, e.g. sub-water surface detection instruments, aircraft or satellite.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003ESource: \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/agrovoc.fao.org\/browse\/agrovoc\/en\/page\/c_6498\u0022\u003EAgrovoc\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"The acquisition and analysis of information about objects or phenomena without making physical contact, typically involving the detection and measurement of reflected or emitted electromagnetic radiation using specialized equipment mounted on aircraft, satellites, or other platforms. In particular, the term refers to the gathering and analysis of data from the study area or organism that is physically removed from the sensing equipment, e.g. sub-water surface detection instruments, aircraft or satellite. (Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - AGROVOC, NASA Earth Observatory)","depth":"2","weight":"52"},{"counter":"474","id":"1044","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Renewable energy \u0026amp; transportation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Renewable energy and transportation refers to technological innovations integrating sustainable energy sources into transport systems, including electric vehicles, biofuel-powered transport, hydrogen fuel cells, and related infrastructure for clean mobility solutions. This encompasses both the energy generation technologies and their application in various modes of transportation to reduce fossil fuel dependence and environmental impact. (Source: International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) and International Transport Forum (ITF) - OECD)","depth":"1","weight":"80"},{"counter":"475","id":"1118","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Research and development collaborations","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Research and development collaborations are partnerships between two or more organizations or entities that work together to conduct research activities and develop new products, processes, or solutions. These arrangements typically involve sharing resources, knowledge, expertise, and risks to achieve common R\u0026amp;D objectives, often formalized through agreements that specify roles, responsibilities, and intellectual property rights. (Source: OECD, European Commission Innovation Policy Platform)","depth":"2","weight":"127"},{"counter":"476","id":"1132","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Research and education function","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The research and education function refers to the institutional capacity and infrastructure for generating, sharing, and disseminating knowledge through formal research activities and educational programs. It includes academic institutions, research centers, and training facilities that contribute to innovation systems by developing human capital, conducting research, and facilitating knowledge transfer between stakeholders. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"128"},{"counter":"477","id":"997","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"RNA interference","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"RNA interference is a biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression or translation by neutralizing targeted messenger RNA molecules. This natural mechanism helps control which genes are active and how active they are, and can be used to study gene function and develop treatments for diseases caused by overactive genes. (Source: World Intellectual Property Organization, www.wipo.int\/patents\/en\/topics\/biotechnology.html)","depth":"2","weight":"9"},{"counter":"478","id":"1035","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Robotics","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The science and engineering of the design, manufacture, and application of robots. A robot is a programmable machine able to carry out complex actions automatically, especially one that can be programmed to carry out a series of tasks and that can be reprogrammed for different uses. Robotics includes mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering, computer science, and other disciplines. (Source: WIPO IP Portal, International Federation of Robotics)","depth":"2","weight":"53"},{"counter":"479","id":"1043","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Robotics and automation in farming","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Robotics and automation in farming refers to the use of programmable machines, artificial intelligence, and automated systems to perform agricultural tasks with minimal human intervention. This includes autonomous tractors, robotic harvesters, automated irrigation systems, drone technology, precision seeding machines, and intelligent monitoring systems that optimize farming operations, increase efficiency, and reduce labor requirements while improving crop yields and resource management. (Source: FAO-AGROVOC, with input from European Commission Digital Strategy)","depth":"2","weight":"54"},{"counter":"480","id":"1087","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Rural development bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Debt instruments issued by local governments or specialized institutions to finance infrastructure, services, and economic development projects in rural areas. These bonds aim to stimulate growth, improve living conditions, and support agricultural communities by funding essential facilities, utilities, transportation networks, and community services in non-urban regions.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"171"},{"counter":"481","id":"1199","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Selective breeding practices (non-biotech)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The practice of selecting and breeding plants and animals with desirable characteristics to produce offspring with similar traits, achieved through controlled mating or pollination rather than genetic engineering or biotechnology. This method relies on natural biological processes and has been used for thousands of years to improve agricultural crops and livestock breeds.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Food and Agriculture Organization - AGROVOC Multilingual Thesaurus)","depth":"2","weight":"77"},{"counter":"482","id":"1036","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Sensor","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A device that detects and responds to physical input from the environment by converting it into an electrical signal that can be measured and analyzed. Sensors can detect various types of physical properties including light, heat, motion, pressure, or chemical changes, enabling data collection and monitoring for digital systems and applications. (Source: International Telecommunication Union - ITU, with European Patent Office, WIPO)","depth":"2","weight":"55"},{"counter":"483","id":"1084","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Shared economy models in agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A shared economy model in agriculture refers to collaborative consumption and resource sharing practices where farmers, agribusinesses, and other stakeholders pool and exchange assets, labor, knowledge, and services through digital platforms or community networks to optimize resource utilization, reduce costs, and increase efficiency in agricultural operations. (Source: European Commission - EIP-AGRI, World Economic Forum)","depth":"2","weight":"164"},{"counter":"484","id":"1037","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"SMS","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Short Message Service (SMS) is a text messaging service component of telephone, Internet and mobile device systems, allowing the exchange of short text messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices. SMS uses standardized communication protocols to enable the exchange of short text messages between devices. Source: International Telecommunication Union (ITU) https:\/\/www.itu.int\/","depth":"2","weight":"56"},{"counter":"485","id":"1076","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social and socio-economic","value":"\u003Cp\u003ESocial Innovation: New social practices, norms, behaviors, or socio-economic approaches that improve inclusiveness, equity, collective action, or community resilience within agrifood systems and support sustainable agriculture. Examples are cooperative models, social contracts, new business models and novel approaches to value creation and delivery that provide sustainable benefits across agrifood stakeholders.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003ESocial Innovation: New social practices, norms, behaviors, or socio-economic approaches that improve inclusiveness, equity, collective action, or community resilience within agrifood systems and support sustainable agriculture. Examples are cooperative models, social contracts, new business models and novel approaches to value creation and delivery that provide sustainable benefits across agrifood stakeholders.\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Social and socio-economic innovation refers to new solutions, practices, or approaches that address societal challenges and create value for society rather than primarily for individuals. It encompasses novel social practices, organizational forms, business models, and institutional arrangements that respond to social needs, improve human well-being, and enhance society\u0026#039;s capacity to act. These innovations transform social relations, behaviors, and structures to generate inclusive, equitable, and sustainable outcomes. In particular, the term refers to social innovation: new social practices, norms, behaviors, or socio-economic approaches that improve inclusiveness, equity, collective action, or community resilience within agrifood systems and support sustainable agriculture. (Source: European Commission, OECD)","depth":"0","weight":"157"},{"counter":"486","id":"1137","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social contracts","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A social contract is an implicit agreement among members of a society to cooperate for mutual social benefit, through giving up certain individual freedoms in exchange for mutual protection and access to a better life. In social innovation, it refers to new arrangements that redefine relationships between government, private sector, civil society and citizens, creating new ways to address societal challenges. (Source: World Economic Forum and OECD Social Innovation reports)","depth":"1","weight":"166"},{"counter":"487","id":"1085","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social impact bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A social impact bond is a financing mechanism in which investors provide upfront capital for social programs and are repaid by governments or commissioners if the programs achieve predetermined outcomes. It transfers financial risk from the public sector to private investors, who only receive returns if social outcomes improve. (Source: OECD, with World Bank, European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"169"},{"counter":"488","id":"1063","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social impact bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A public-private partnership in which investors fund social programs and receive returns from the government if pre-agreed social outcomes are achieved. These bonds allow governments to pay for programs that deliver results, transfer risk to private investors, and enable service providers to innovate and adapt their interventions based on performance data. (Source: OECD Social Impact Investment Initiative, with World Economic Forum and European Commission)","depth":"1","weight":"105"},{"counter":"489","id":"1038","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social media","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Internet-based platforms and applications that enable users to create, share, and interact with content, and to participate in social networking. These technologies facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interests, and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks. (Source: World Economic Forum, Digital Transformation Initiative, with ITU and OECD as secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"57"},{"counter":"490","id":"2096","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social Responsibility Policies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Policies and practices adopted by organizations to ensure their operations have a positive impact on society, encompassing environmental stewardship, ethical labor practices, community engagement, and sustainable development. These policies integrate social and environmental concerns into business operations while maintaining economic viability and compliance with legal frameworks.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, with inputs from UN Global Compact and European Commission CSR Strategy)","depth":"1","weight":"140"},{"counter":"491","id":"1138","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Social responsibility schemes","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Voluntary initiatives, commitments, and actions taken by organizations to address social and environmental concerns while conducting business operations, integrating ethical considerations, stakeholder interests, and sustainable development goals into their core strategies and decision-making processes. (Source: European Commission - Corporate Social Responsibility Guidelines, with OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises)","depth":"2","weight":"167"},{"counter":"492","id":"1045","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Solar-powered farming systems","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural systems that integrate solar energy technologies to power various farming operations, including irrigation, lighting, processing, and storage. These systems harness solar power through photovoltaic panels or solar thermal collectors to generate electricity or thermal energy, reducing dependence on conventional energy sources while promoting sustainable agricultural practices and energy self-sufficiency. (Source: FAO\/IRENA \u0026quot;Renewable Energy for Agri-food Systems - Towards the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement\u0026quot;)","depth":"2","weight":"90"},{"counter":"493","id":"1200","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Species diversification","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The development and implementation of a variety of species, breeds, or varieties to enhance ecosystem resilience, preserve biodiversity, and create diverse economic opportunities while maintaining ecological balance. This approach involves introducing or managing multiple species in agricultural, forestry, or natural systems to reduce risks, improve productivity, and ensure sustainable resource management.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"78"},{"counter":"494","id":"1110","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Support for grassroots innovation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Support for grassroots innovation refers to policies, programs, and mechanisms that enable and promote innovation activities initiated and developed by local communities, informal inventors, and traditional knowledge holders at the grassroots level. It includes providing resources, technical assistance, funding, and institutional frameworks that help transform local solutions and indigenous practices into sustainable innovations addressing community needs. (Source: OECD Innovation Policy Platform, with secondary sources from UNESCO, World Bank)","depth":"2","weight":"156"},{"counter":"495","id":"1104","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Sustainability reporting frameworks","value":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Emandated or voluntary reporting standards for transparency and accountability\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan style=\u0022font-family:\u0026quot;Aptos\u0026quot;,sans-serif;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:115%;\u0022\u003Emandated or voluntary reporting standards for transparency and accountability\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Structured guidelines and standards that organizations use to disclose their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and impacts. These frameworks provide systematic approaches for measuring, documenting, and communicating sustainability-related information to stakeholders. In particular, the term refers to mandated or voluntary reporting standards for transparency and accountability.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), with supporting information from OECD, UNEP and International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB))","depth":"2","weight":"147"},{"counter":"496","id":"1065","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Sustainable agriculture bonds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Financial instruments designed to raise capital for agricultural projects that promote environmentally sustainable practices, resource efficiency, and long-term food security while delivering financial returns to investors. These bonds typically fund projects focused on sustainable land use, water conservation, biodiversity protection, and climate-smart agriculture techniques. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"107"},{"counter":"497","id":"1014","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Sustainable packaging solutions","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Sustainable packaging solutions refers to packaging systems designed and executed using materials and technologies that minimize environmental impact throughout their lifecycle while maintaining functionality and cost-effectiveness. This includes using renewable or recycled materials, reducing material usage, enabling reuse or recycling, optimizing logistics efficiency, and ensuring minimal waste generation while meeting market requirements for product protection and preservation.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"24"},{"counter":"498","id":"996","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Synthetic biology","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The engineering of biological components, circuits, cells, or organisms using standardized genetic parts and engineering principles to create new or modified living systems with novel functionalities. Synthetic biology combines biology with engineering approaches, enabling the design and construction of new biological parts, devices, and systems, as well as the redesign of existing, natural biological systems for useful purposes. (Source: World Economic Forum, with OECD and European Commission)","depth":"2","weight":"10"},{"counter":"499","id":"993","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Technological","value":"\u003Cp\u003ETechnological Innovations: Development of new or improved technologies, devices, machinery, digital solutions, or biotechnologies that enhance sustainability, productivity, efficiency, or resilience in agrifood systems. They include mechanization, digital, biotechnologies, nanotechnologies...\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003ETechnological Innovations: Development of new or improved technologies, devices, machinery, digital solutions, or biotechnologies that enhance sustainability, productivity, efficiency, or resilience in agrifood systems. They include mechanization, digital, biotechnologies, nanotechnologies...\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"Related to or characterized by technology, involving the application of scientific knowledge, tools, techniques and engineering to practical purposes, particularly in the development of new products, processes or methods that enhance efficiency, productivity or capabilities. In particular, the term refers to Technological Innovations: Development of new or improved technologies, devices, machinery, digital solutions, or biotechnologies that enhance sustainability, productivity, efficiency, or resilience in agrifood systems. They include mechanization, digital, biotechnologies, nanotechnologies.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"0","weight":"0"},{"counter":"500","id":"1143","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Teleportation of complex molecules ","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"The transfer of the complete quantum state of atoms or molecules from one location to another through quantum entanglement and measurement, without physically moving the original matter. This process involves scanning and precisely reconstructing the exact quantum state of particles at a new location, effectively creating an identical copy while destroying the original. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"85"},{"counter":"501","id":"3351","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Territorial value chain and food-to-consumer economy","value":"\u003Cp\u003ETerritorial or landscape value-chain denote an integrated approach that encompasses the entire sequence of activities involved in producing, processing and marketing specific products within a defined geographical area or landscape. Food-toconsumer economy policy means that food producers sell their products directly to end consumers. This emphasizes leveraging local resources and production potential to support sustainability and enhance the regional economy. (Source: FAO\/CIRAD Harvesting Change report)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description":"\u003Cp\u003ETerritorial or landscape value-chain denote an integrated approach that encompasses the entire sequence of activities involved in producing, processing and marketing specific products within a defined geographical area or landscape. Food-toconsumer economy policy means that food producers sell their products directly to end consumers. This emphasizes leveraging local resources and production potential to support sustainability and enhance the regional economy. (Source: FAO\/CIRAD Harvesting Change report)\u003C\/p\u003E\n","description_ai":"","depth":"1","weight":"143"},{"counter":"502","id":"1206","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Traditional and indigenous practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Traditional and indigenous practices are methods, knowledge, and innovations developed by indigenous peoples and local communities over generations through their direct interaction with the environment. These practices encompass resource management, agricultural techniques, conservation strategies, and cultural traditions that have proven sustainable over time and are often closely linked to local biodiversity and ecosystem preservation. (Source: United Nations Environment Programme, UNESCO, IUCN)","depth":"2","weight":"79"},{"counter":"503","id":"1133","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Transdisciplinary agricultural research programs","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Agricultural research initiatives that integrate and transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries, combining diverse scientific fields, local knowledge, and stakeholder perspectives to address complex agricultural challenges through holistic approaches. These programs emphasize collaborative problem-solving, system-level understanding, and the co-creation of knowledge between researchers, farmers, policymakers, and other stakeholders to develop comprehensive solutions for sustainable agriculture.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"130"},{"counter":"504","id":"1102","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Transparency and Information-Enabling Policies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Policies and measures designed to increase access to information, data, and decision-making processes, enabling stakeholders to better understand, monitor, and participate in governance, market operations, and public affairs. These policies typically include disclosure requirements, open data initiatives, public consultation mechanisms, and reporting standards that promote accountability and informed decision-making.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"1","weight":"144"},{"counter":"505","id":"1121","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Value chain coordination bodies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Organizations or formal mechanisms that facilitate coordination, collaboration, and information sharing among various actors in a value chain, aiming to improve efficiency, reduce transaction costs, and enhance overall performance of the chain through collective action and shared decision-making. These bodies can take various forms such as industry associations, cooperatives, producer organizations, or multi-stakeholder platforms.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"123"},{"counter":"506","id":"1194","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Vehicles and machinery","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Vehicles and machinery refers to physical equipment and devices powered by mechanical, electrical, or other forms of energy, used to perform specific tasks or transport people, materials, and goods. This includes agricultural machinery, construction equipment, industrial machines, transportation vehicles, and related components designed to enhance productivity and efficiency in various sectors. (Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"30"},{"counter":"507","id":"1039","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Website","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"A website is a collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, typically identified with a common domain name and hosted on at least one web server that can be accessed via the Internet. It consists of interlinked hypertext documents made available through the World Wide Web, accessible through a web browser and organized into a coherent user interface to deliver specific functionalities or content. (Source: World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), with International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as secondary source)","depth":"2","weight":"58"},{"counter":"508","id":"1046","vocabulary":"Types of innovations","name":"Wind energy for agriculture","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Wind energy for agriculture refers to the use of wind power technologies and systems to generate electricity or mechanical power specifically for agricultural operations and farming activities, including water pumping, crop processing, climate control in greenhouses, and other on-farm energy needs, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and reduced dependency on conventional energy sources.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n\u003Cbr \/\u003E\n(Source: multiple secondary sources)","depth":"2","weight":"91"},{"counter":"509","id":"967","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to agricultural advice","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Access to agricultural advice: refers to the availability and utilization of information, guidance, and support services provided to farmers to improve productivity, sustainability, and resilience in agri-food systems. This includes expert knowledge on best practices, innovations, market trends, climate adaptation, and policy compliance, delivered through various channels like extension services, digital platforms, and community networks, ensuring that producers have the tools necessary for informed decision-making and efficient resource management. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, NGO)   . .  ","depth":"1","weight":"78"},{"counter":"510","id":"966","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to connectivity","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"access to connectivity: In agri-food systems, access to connectivity refers to the availability and utilization of digital communication technologies that enable farmers to access information, services, and markets, improving productivity, sustainability, and livelihoods. This includes internet and mobile network access, which are crucial for precision agriculture, real-time weather updates, market prices, and learning resources. Enhancing connectivity helps bridge the rural-urban digital divide, fostering equitable growth in rural sectors. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)   . .  ","depth":"1","weight":"77"},{"counter":"511","id":"956","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Access to finance","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Access to finance: The availability of financial services, such as credit, savings, and insurance, to farmers and agri-food enterprises to invest in agricultural activities, manage risks, and improve productivity. It addresses barriers like high-interest rates and lack of collateral to support sustainable agricultural development, enhance food security, and promote resilience against economic or environmental shocks. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)   . .  ","depth":"0","weight":"36"},{"counter":"512","id":"965","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Access to knowledge and advisory","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Access to knowledge and advisory: the process by which farmers obtain information, education, and guidance to improve agricultural practices, productivity, and sustainability in agri-food systems. This includes accessing research, developing skills, and receiving expert advice tailored to specific needs, enhancing resilience and food security. Effective access ensures the dissemination of innovative techniques and technologies, bolstering the capacity of farmers to adapt to changing environmental and market conditions. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)   . .  ","depth":"0","weight":"76"},{"counter":"513","id":"928","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Access to markets","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Access to markets: Refers to the ability of farmers and agricultural producers to reach and effectively participate in local, national, or global markets to sell their products, obtain fair prices, and sustain livelihoods. This involves infrastructure, market information, regulations, and institutional support. Enhanced access empowers farmers, reduces poverty, and promotes sustainable agriculture development. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, OXFAM)   .","depth":"0","weight":"46"},{"counter":"514","id":"931","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to physical marketplaces","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"access to physical marketplaces: In agri-food systems, access to physical marketplaces refers to the ability of farmers to reach and engage directly with markets to sell their products, enhancing income opportunities and market linkages while supporting food security and rural livelihoods. It involves infrastructure, transportation, and market information accessibility, enabling efficient trade and reducing post-harvest losses. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"49"},{"counter":"515","id":"941","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to price information (input)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Access to price information (input): It is the ability of farmers to obtain timely and accurate data on the costs of agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, enabling informed decision-making, cost management, and improved market competitiveness. Enhanced access helps optimize resource use, negotiate better prices, and reduce exploitation by intermediaries, fostering better income stability and agricultural sustainability. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"59"},{"counter":"516","id":"930","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to price information (output)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"access to price information (output): Access to price information refers to the ability of farmers within agri-food systems to obtain timely, reliable, and relevant data on market prices for their agricultural outputs. This empowers them to make informed decisions regarding production, marketing, and sales strategies, enhancing market participation and improving income. It is essential for fostering transparency, competitiveness, and economic stability within rural communities. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"48"},{"counter":"517","id":"932","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"access to virtual marketplaces","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"access to virtual marketplaces: The ability of farmers to use digital platforms to buy, sell, and trade agricultural products, services, and information. This access enhances market reach, reduces transaction costs, and allows for competitive pricing and informed decision-making, supporting sustainable agricultural practices and improving livelihoods by linking farmers to broader markets and resources. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CTA)","depth":"1","weight":"50"},{"counter":"518","id":"992","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"addressing ethical \/ legal issues around data sharing","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Addressing ethical\/legal issues around data sharing: In agri-food systems, this involves ensuring farmers\u0026#039; privacy, data ownership, and equitable access while abiding by legal frameworks governing data use, protection, and governance. It requires transparency, accountability, and adherence to consent, emphasizing the necessity for inclusive and fair mechanisms that respect farmers\u0026#039; rights, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"105"},{"counter":"519","id":"2090","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Addressing market concentration and power imbalances","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Addressing market concentration and power imbalances in agrifood value chains refers to tackling market power \u2013 the relative ability of an actor to manipulate the price of a product or input \u2013 which is associated with market concentration and can cause losses to society. This involves correcting situations where agricultural inputs are provided by one or only a few companies, allowing them to set input prices above their marginal costs, or where many farmers need to sell their outputs through a very limited number of traders, which puts agricultural producers at an economic disadvantage and can contribute to their economic marginalization. [Main source: FAO State of Food and Agriculture 2023 (https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/cc7724en\/online\/state-of-food-and-agriculture-2023\/failures-unsustainability-agrifood-systems.html)]","depth":"1","weight":"93"},{"counter":"520","id":"968","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"agricultural skills development","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"agricultural skills development: The enhancement of farmers\u0026#039; abilities and knowledge in sustainable practices, technology utilization, climate resilience, and market access in agri-food systems. It aims to increase productivity and livelihoods, improve food security, and ensure environmental sustainability through training, education, and capacity-building initiatives. This development is critical for adapting to changing agricultural challenges and opportunities globally. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"79"},{"counter":"521","id":"934","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Alternative food production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Alternative food production: Refers to innovative agricultural methods and systems aimed at diversifying food sources, enhancing sustainability, and reducing environmental impacts. These include organic farming, vertical farming, agroecology, and aquaponics, focusing on resilience, resource efficiency, and meeting farmers\u0026#039; needs while ensuring food security and environmental health. It emphasizes participation of local communities and adaptation to climate change challenges. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, UNEP, WWF)","depth":"0","weight":"52"},{"counter":"522","id":"907","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"animal health","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"animal health: Animal health refers to the holistic approach of ensuring livestock are free from diseases and malnutrition, enabling optimal productivity, well-being, and contribution to agri-food systems. It involves preventive care, monitoring, and treatment, which supports food security, farmer livelihoods, and public health. Effective animal health management is vital for sustainable farming, minimizing risks to human health, and improving economic stability for farmers in agri-food systems. (FAO, OIE, WHO, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"10"},{"counter":"523","id":"899","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"animal production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"animal production: The branch of agriculture concerned with raising animals for food, fiber, labor, and other resources. It involves breeding, feeding, and management practices aimed at maximizing yield and quality to meet the needs of farmers and consumers. This sector plays a crucial role in food security, economic stability, and sustainable livelihoods within agri-food systems. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"2"},{"counter":"524","id":"936","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"aquaponics management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"aquaponics management: The integrated process of planning, operating, and optimizing aquaponic systems, combining aquaculture and hydroponics, to sustainably produce fish and plants. This involves water quality monitoring, nutrient cycling, pest control, and resource efficiency to ensure high yields and environmental sustainability, meeting farmers\u0026#039; needs for food security and economic profitability. Effective management supports resilience against climate challenges and market fluctuations. (FAO, GIZ, IFAD, CGIAR, UNDP)","depth":"1","weight":"54"},{"counter":"525","id":"924","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"biodiversity mapping to inform land use planning","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"biodiversity mapping to inform land use planning: It involves the spatial assessment of biological diversity to guide land allocation, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices enhance ecosystem services, resilience, and productivity. It helps farmers identify conservation priorities, optimize resource use, and mitigate environmental impacts within agricultural landscapes. (FAO, UNEP, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"32"},{"counter":"526","id":"917","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"biodiversity preservation, agroecology, conservation ag","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"biodiversity preservation, agroecology, conservation ag: Integrating biodiversity preservation within agroecology and conservation agriculture enhances ecological balance, promotes soil health, and improves resilience against climate impacts. It involves sustainable practices like crop diversification and minimal soil disturbance, crucial for farmers\u0026#039; long-term productivity and food security. This holistic approach supports eco-friendly pest management, conserves natural resources, and is key to addressing agri-food systems\u0026#039; environmental challenges, benefiting both nature and agricultural livelihoods. (FAO, IFAD, UNEP, IUCN)","depth":"1","weight":"24"},{"counter":"527","id":"969","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Business models support","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Business models support: In agri-food systems, business models support encompasses strategies and services that enhance farmers\u0026#039; productivity, market access, and financial sustainability, fostering innovation, risk management, and partnership development to optimize resource use and increase income. It emphasizes training, technology adoption, and infrastructure improvements, aligning with sustainable practices to ensure long-term food security and environmental health. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP, Oxfam, CIAT)","depth":"0","weight":"80"},{"counter":"528","id":"923","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"carbon credit management to monetize sustainable practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"carbon credit management to monetize sustainable practices: A process within agri-food systems where farmers earn carbon credits by implementing sustainable practices that reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These credits are monetized by selling them to entities needing to offset their carbon footprint, providing farmers an economic incentive to adopt environmentally sustainable methods, enhancing resilience and productivity. (Sources: FAO, IPCC, UNEP)","depth":"1","weight":"31"},{"counter":"529","id":"938","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"cellular agriculture to develop lab-grown meat","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"cellular agriculture to develop lab-grown meat: It is a method of producing meat through cultivation of animal cells in controlled environments, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional livestock farming, with potential benefits for environmental conservation, animal welfare, and food security. This approach can complement traditional agriculture by reducing land and resource use while providing new opportunities for farmers to engage in innovative agri-food systems. (FAO, IPES-Food, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"56"},{"counter":"530","id":"918","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"climate change adaptation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"climate change adaptation: It involves adjusting agricultural practices, infrastructure, and policies to reduce vulnerabilities and enhance resilience against climate impacts on agri-food systems. Key strategies include developing climate-resilient crops, diversifying farming practices, improving water management, and strengthening local capacities to cope with altered weather patterns. Farmers\u2019 needs are prioritized by ensuring access to resources, knowledge, and technology to sustain productivity and food security despite changing climates. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"26"},{"counter":"531","id":"919","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"climate change mitigation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Climate change mitigation: The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement of carbon sinks in agri-food systems to stabilize climate, focusing on sustainable farming practices, efficient resource use, and agroforestry to safeguard farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods while promoting resilience and productivity in agriculture. This includes adopting technologies and policies that support sustainable farming and land management to reduce emissions and increase carbon sequestration. (Sources: FAO, IPCC, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"27"},{"counter":"532","id":"948","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"cold chain monitoring to maintain product quality during transport","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"cold chain monitoring to maintain product quality during transport: A process ensuring perishable agricultural products are kept within optimal temperature ranges during transportation, preserving freshness and safety. This involves real-time data tracking and control measures to reduce spoilage risk, extend shelf life, and minimize waste. For farmers, effective cold chain monitoring enhances market access and profitability by maintaining product quality from farm to market. (Sources: FAO, WHO, USDA, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"66"},{"counter":"533","id":"973","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Collective action and aggregation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Collective action and aggregation: In agri-food systems, these involve farmers collaborating to pool resources, efforts, or products to achieve shared goals, such as improved market access, reduced risks, or enhanced bargaining power, thus fostering sustainable farming practices and community resilience. Such cooperation is crucial for addressing challenges like climate change and food security through increased efficiency and innovation in agriculture. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"0","weight":"84"},{"counter":"534","id":"990","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"compliance tracking","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"compliance tracking: In agri-food systems, compliance tracking involves monitoring and verifying adherence to regulatory standards, environmental guidelines, and safety practices crucial for farmers. It ensures sustainable agricultural practices, food safety, and market access by keeping accurate records and reports on input use, production techniques, and environmental impacts. This process protects farmer interests by maintaining trust in supply chains and improving resource efficiency. (FAO, WFP, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"103"},{"counter":"535","id":"974","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"cooperative management to improve efficiency and governance","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"cooperative management to improve efficiency and governance: Collective strategy in agri-food systems whereby farmers collaborate through cooperatives to enhance resource management, decision-making, and policy adherence. This approach promotes shared knowledge, equitable access to markets, technological advancement, and sustainable practices, thereby refining operational efficiency and governance structures. Engaging various stakeholders ensures transparency, accountability, and resilience in the face of agricultural challenges. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"86"},{"counter":"536","id":"904","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"crop monitoring","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"crop monitoring: The process of systematically observing and analyzing crop growth, health, and environmental conditions to optimize agricultural practices, improve yield, and mitigate risks such as pests and diseases. This involves using various technologies and methods like satellite imagery, sensors, and data analytics to provide farmers with actionable insights to enhance decision-making and sustainability in agri-food systems. (Sources: FAO, WFP, UNDP)","depth":"1","weight":"7"},{"counter":"537","id":"898","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"crop production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"crop production: Crop production refers to the process of cultivating soil, planting seeds, managing crop growth, and harvesting produce to meet the food, feed, fiber, and fuel needs of humans. It involves the use of sustainable practices and technologies to enhance yields while managing natural resources efficiently. Focused on safety and profitability, it supports farmers in increasing productivity and resilience against climate impacts and market fluctuations. [FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP]","depth":"1","weight":"1"},{"counter":"538","id":"979","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"data cooperatives management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"data cooperatives management: The administration and coordination of farmer-led groups that collaboratively manage, share, and utilize agricultural data for mutual benefits like improved decision-making, resource optimization, and better market access. This involves establishing trust, ensuring data sovereignty, creating equitable sharing mechanisms, and enhancing collective bargaining. These cooperatives empower farmers, protect their interests, and increase sustainable productivity in agri-food systems. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"91"},{"counter":"539","id":"929","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"direct sale to consumers or businesses","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Direct sale to consumers or businesses: The process where farmers sell agricultural products directly to end-users or businesses, bypassing intermediaries, to enhance traceability, increase profit margins, and strengthen farmer-consumer relationships. This can include farmers\u0026#039; markets, farm stands, community-supported agriculture (CSA), or direct business partnerships, addressing supply chain issues and supporting sustainable farming. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, Oxfam, Slow Food)","depth":"1","weight":"47"},{"counter":"540","id":"1154","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"disaster management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"disaster management: Disaster management in agri-food systems involves preparedness, response, and recovery strategies to mitigate the impact of natural and human-induced hazards on farmers and food security. It includes risk assessment, early warning systems, sustainable practices, and policy frameworks aimed at protecting livelihoods and ensuring resilience against disasters to stabilize food production and distribution. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR, CRS)","depth":"1","weight":"15"},{"counter":"541","id":"950","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"disintermediation (farm-to-fork)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"disintermediation (farm-to-fork): The process by which farmers sell their agricultural products directly to consumers, removing intermediaries like wholesalers and retailers. This enhances economic return for farmers, strengthens their market position, reduces costs for consumers, and fosters transparency and trust in food systems, often improving sustainability and resilience in local food chains. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, IFOAM)","depth":"1","weight":"68"},{"counter":"542","id":"957","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"easier access to loans for inputs or equipment","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"easier access to loans for inputs or equipment: The ability of farmers to obtain financial resources with minimal barriers, facilitating the procurement of essential agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers, and machinery. This enhances productivity and sustainability in agri-food systems by enabling timely investments and improving farmers\u0026#039; resilience against adverse conditions. It is crucial for empowering smallholders and driving economic growth in rural areas. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"38"},{"counter":"543","id":"913","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"equipment management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"equipment management: In agri-food systems, equipment management involves the systematic maintenance, procurement, and utilization of agricultural machinery to ensure productivity, efficiency, and sustainability in farming operations. It addresses farmers\u0026#039; needs by optimizing machinery performance, reducing downtime, and minimizing costs, contributing to improved food security and resource use. This involves regular assessments, training, and timely upgrades to align with evolving agricultural practices. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"20"},{"counter":"544","id":"958","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"evidence-based credit","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"evidence-based credit: In agri-food systems, evidence-based credit refers to financial services offered to farmers based on verifiable data and analysis of agricultural practices, market trends, and risk assessments. This method ensures that credit is allocated efficiently, reducing risk for lenders and empowering farmers to invest in sustainable and productive farming practices. The approach aims to enhance farm productivity while promoting economic stability and resilience. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"39"},{"counter":"545","id":"910","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Farm management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Farm management: The strategic process of organizing and operating a farm efficiently, emphasizing sustainable practices to maximize productivity, profitability, and resource use. It involves decision-making in areas such as crop selection, livestock care, financial planning, risk assessment, and market access, crucial for farmer livelihoods and food security. Effective farm management supports resilient agri-food systems by integrating technology, knowledge transfer, and policy advocacy. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP)","depth":"0","weight":"14"},{"counter":"546","id":"975","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"farmer profiling","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Farmer profiling: The systematic collection and analysis of detailed information about farmers, such as their socioeconomic status, farming practices, resource availability, and needs, to create tailored solutions and interventions that enhance productivity and sustainability in agri-food systems. This approach enables the alignment of policies and resources with actual farmer needs, improving support frameworks and facilitating socio-economic development. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"87"},{"counter":"547","id":"963","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"farmers\u0026#039; economic identity","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"farmers\u0026amp;#039; economic identity: Represents farmers\u0026#039; role and contribution within agri-food systems, focusing on their economic activities, financial needs, market access, socio-economic status, and decision-making capacity. It encompasses their economic empowerment, resource management, and participation in sustainable agricultural practices, crucial for enhancing rural livelihoods and food security. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"44"},{"counter":"548","id":"914","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"field management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"field management: The practice of planning, executing, and monitoring agricultural activities to enhance productivity, sustainability, and resilience. It involves soil management, crop rotation, pest control, irrigation, and technology integration to optimize resource use, reduce environmental impact, and increase yields. Designed to meet farmers\u0026#039; needs, it ensures efficient resource allocation, addresses climate challenges, and improves food security. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"21"},{"counter":"549","id":"900","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"fisheries products management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"fisheries products management: The process of overseeing the production, handling, processing, and distribution of aquatic foods to optimize sustainability, value, and compliance with regulatory standards. It integrates sustainable practices and supply chain efficiency, aligning with the needs of farmers to ensure quality, traceability, and market access. This approach enhances food security and supports rural livelihoods within agri-food systems. (FAO, WWF, IFAD, OECD)","depth":"1","weight":"3"},{"counter":"550","id":"2083","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"food fortification","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Food fortification is the addition of one or more essential nutrients to a food, whether or not it is normally contained in the food, for the purpose of preventing or correcting a demonstrated deficiency of one or more nutrients in the population or specific population groups. WHO describes it as the practice of deliberately increasing the content of one or more micronutrients (i.e., vitamins and minerals) in a food or condiment to improve the nutritional quality of the food supply and provide a public health benefit with minimal risk to health. [Main source: FAO\/WHO Codex Alimentarius definition (https:\/\/www.fao.org\/4\/w2840e\/w2840e0b.htm) and WHO (https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/food-fortification)]","depth":"1","weight":"70"},{"counter":"551","id":"951","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Food quality and safety","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Food quality and safety: The assurance that food meets a set of standards regarding production, handling, procurement, and storage processes, ensuring it is free from harmful contaminants and supports public health. It encompasses the entire agri-food chain to protect farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods while meeting consumer expectations for nutritional value, taste, and integrity, promoting sustainable practices and compliance with national and international regulations. (FAO, WHO, USDA, IFPRI)","depth":"0","weight":"69"},{"counter":"552","id":"955","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"food safety compliance support to meet regulatory requirements","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"food safety compliance support to meet regulatory requirements: Assistance provided to farmers in understanding and implementing necessary practices to ensure their products meet food safety standards set by regulatory authorities. This includes training, resources, and guidance on best practices, record-keeping, and preventive measures to reduce contamination risks and ensure consumer safety, thus enhancing market access and sustainability of the agri-food systems. (FAO, WHO, IFPRI, GFSI)","depth":"1","weight":"75"},{"counter":"553","id":"912","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"forecasting, planning of planting and harvesting","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"forecasting, planning of planting and harvesting: This involves analyzing climate, soil, market trends, and resource availability to optimize crop production cycles. It helps farmers decide when and what to plant, manage risks, and maximize yields, ultimately ensuring food security and economic efficiency. Techniques such as climate modeling, data analysis, and stakeholder collaboration are used to align agricultural practices with environmental and market conditions. (FAO, WFP, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"19"},{"counter":"554","id":"901","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"forest products and logging management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"forest products and logging management: The planning, execution, and monitoring of sustainable forestry operations to produce timber and non-timber goods while ensuring ecological balance and socio-economic benefits for farmers. This includes land-use management, resource allocation, and adherence to sustainability practices to support the livelihoods of rural communities reliant on forest resources. (FAO, IFAD, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"4"},{"counter":"555","id":"927","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"forestry management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"forestry management: Forestry management involves overseeing forest resources to balance ecological health with the economic needs of farmers, ensuring sustainable timber production, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem services. It aids farmers by providing guidelines for agroforestry practices, maintaining soil health, improving water quality, and promoting climate resilience, thereby integrating forest management with agricultural productivity in the agri-food systems. (FAO, UNEP, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"35"},{"counter":"556","id":"980","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Governance, policy support and intelligence","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Governance and intelligence: In agri-food systems, governance refers to the frameworks and processes guiding decision-making and resource management, while intelligence encompasses data collection and analysis to support farmers\u0026#039; needs. Together, they enhance resilience, productivity, and sustainability by promoting informed decisions, policy-making, and practices addressing climatic, economic, and social challenges. Effective governance and intelligence systems empower farmers with knowledge and resources to optimize practices and mitigate risks in agriculture. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFO)","depth":"0","weight":"92"},{"counter":"557","id":"983","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"impact assessment to evaluate project outcomes","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"impact assessment to evaluate project outcomes: A systematic process to determine the effectiveness and consequences of agri-food system projects, focusing on socio-economic, environmental, and productivity impacts. It involves data collection and analysis to understand benefits, challenges, and sustainability for farmers and stakeholders, ensuring alignment with developmental goals. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"96"},{"counter":"558","id":"903","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"improved animal breeds","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"improved animal breeds: Enhanced livestock varieties developed through genetic selection and breeding techniques to optimize traits such as productivity, resilience, and disease resistance. These breeds aim to meet farmers\u0026#039; needs by boosting efficiency, ensuring food security, and adapting to climate challenges, thereby supporting sustainable agri-food systems. Improvements consider local conditions, resource availability, and socio-economic factors. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"6"},{"counter":"559","id":"902","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"improved plant varieties","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"improved plant varieties: Enhanced plant breeds developed through scientific techniques to offer increased yield, resilience to pests and diseases, and adaptation to environmental conditions, thus benefiting farmers in agri-food systems. These varieties can lead to improved food security and agricultural sustainability by minimizing the need for agro-inputs and maximizing productivity. (Sources: FAO, CGIAR, IFPRI, Bioversity International)","depth":"1","weight":"5"},{"counter":"560","id":"921","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"improving soil management practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Improving soil management practices: Enhancing agricultural practices to increase soil health, productivity, and sustainability, focusing on techniques like crop rotation, cover cropping, reduced tillage, and integrated nutrient management. These practices aim to optimize nutrient use, conserve water, reduce erosion, and support biodiversity, leading to increased resilience and sustainability of agri-food systems while meeting farmers\u0026#039; needs for sustainable crop yields and livelihood stability. (FAO, CGIAR, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"29"},{"counter":"561","id":"1180","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"income increase","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"income increase: In the context of agri-food systems, income increase refers to the augmentation of monetary earnings for farmers, resulting from enhanced productivity, value chain improvements, market access expansion, and sustainable farming practices. It aims to bolster farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods, ensuring economic stability and fostering capacity for investment in resilience-enhancing technologies and methods. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR, OXFAM)","depth":"1","weight":"16"},{"counter":"562","id":"961","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"index-based insurance and climate risk insurance","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Index-based insurance and climate risk insurance: These insurance products protect farmers in agri-food systems against climate-related risks by using indices, such as rainfall or temperature, to determine payouts. This approach reduces the need for costly, individual loss assessments, offering quick financial relief and enabling farmers to recover and invest in climate-resilient practices, thereby enhancing food security and development. (Sources: FAO, WFP, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"42"},{"counter":"563","id":"1187","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"indigenous peoples\u0026#039; rights","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"indigenous peoples\u0026#039; rights: The collective rights of indigenous peoples, including their rights to ancestral lands, natural resources, traditional knowledge, and cultural practices, which are essential for their food security and sovereignty. These rights ensure participation in decision-making processes in agri-food systems, supporting sustainable development and respecting their unique link to biodiversity and resource stewardship. (FAO, IFAD, IPCC, CSO)","depth":"1","weight":"85"},{"counter":"564","id":"949","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"inventory management to optimize stock levels","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"inventory management to optimize stock levels: In agri-food systems, this refers to strategies and practices that help farmers maintain optimal quantities of agricultural inputs and outputs to meet demand efficiently, reduce waste, and enhance profitability. It involves monitoring crop yields, market trends, and storage capacities to ensure sustainable production and distribution. By fine-tuning stock levels, farmers can manage supply chain uncertainties and improve food security. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"67"},{"counter":"565","id":"905","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"livestock monitoring","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"livestock monitoring: The systematic tracking and analysis of livestock health, behavior, and productivity using technology and data management tools to improve farm efficiency, animal welfare, and resource use. It supports prompt decision-making, optimizes feeding, breeding, and medical care, and enhances food security and sustainability in agri-food systems. Reliable data collection minimizes risks and maximizes yields, aligning with farmers\u2019 needs. (Sources: FAO, WHO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"8"},{"counter":"566","id":"947","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"logistics optimization to reduce costs and food waste","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"logistics optimization to reduce costs and food waste: Enhancing supply chain efficiencies in agri-food systems to minimize transport and storage expenses while reducing perishables\u0026#039; spoilage and disposal. It involves technology adoption, strategic planning, and collaboration among stakeholders to streamline processes, improve forecasting, and align supply with demand. This optimization benefits farmers by increasing profitability and sustainability, and ensuring food security. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"65"},{"counter":"567","id":"933","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"market forecasting for production and inventory planning","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"market forecasting for production and inventory planning: Market forecasting involves predicting future demand and prices, which assists farmers in optimizing production schedules and inventory levels, minimizing waste, and aligning outputs with market needs. This anticipatory approach helps enhance decision-making, ensures efficient resource use, and improves economic viability within agri-food systems. It includes analyzing data trends, weather patterns, and consumption behaviors to strategically plan crop and livestock production and storage. (FAO, IFPRI, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"51"},{"counter":"568","id":"926","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"minimize pesticide use","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"minimize pesticide use: In agri-food systems, minimizing pesticide use involves adopting integrated pest management strategies that prioritize non-chemical methods, enhancing ecological balance, utilizing natural predators, rotating crops, applying biological controls, and using chemical pesticides as a last resort. This approach aims to reduce environmental impact, improve public health, and increase sustainable productivity in farming. (Sources: FAO, WHO, IPM Center, PAN)","depth":"1","weight":"34"},{"counter":"569","id":"916","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Natural resources management \u0026amp; sustainable practices","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Natural resources management \u0026amp; sustainable practices: Integrated approaches and techniques used in agri-food systems to efficiently utilize and regenerate natural resources, ensuring long-term productivity, ecosystem health, and resilience. These methods focus on water management, soil conservation, biodiversity, and climate-smart agriculture to support farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods and food security while reducing environmental impact. (FAO, IFAD, WWF, CI)","depth":"0","weight":"23"},{"counter":"570","id":"971","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"negotiation of business models","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"negotiation of business models: The process whereby farmers and stakeholders in agri-food systems collaboratively establish and adapt business strategies to enhance value, sustainability, and equity. It involves addressing farmer needs, market demands, environmental considerations, and socio-economic conditions. This participatory approach ensures alignment with local realities and empowers farmers, fostering resilient and inclusive agriculture sectors. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"82"},{"counter":"571","id":"1190","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"NO USE CASE IDENTIFIED","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"","depth":"0","weight":"106"},{"counter":"572","id":"984","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"open data support for evidence-based decision making","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"open data support for evidence-based decision making: In agri-food systems, open data support involves providing farmers with accessible, timely, and reliable data to enhance productivity, resilience, and sustainability. This data empowers evidence-based decision-making by allowing farmers to make informed choices on crop management, resource allocation, and market strategies, ultimately improving food security and livelihoods. (Sources: FAO, WFP, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"97"},{"counter":"573","id":"909","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"optimization of resource use for better production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"optimization of water use for better production: Enhancing agricultural water management to maximize crop yield while minimizing resource waste, considering local climate, soil conditions, and crop needs. It involves efficient irrigation systems, rainwater harvesting, and sustainable practices to ensure water availability and quality, supporting farmer livelihoods and food security. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"12"},{"counter":"574","id":"915","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"optimization of resource use for economic benefit","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"optimization of resource use for economic benefit: The process of efficiently managing resources like water, soil, and energy in agri-food systems to maximize output and profitability for farmers while minimizing waste and preserving ecological balance. This involves adopting sustainable practices, improving technology, and enhancing crop yields to achieve higher economic returns and ensure food security. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"22"},{"counter":"575","id":"1186","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"pastoralists\u0026#039; animal production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"pastoralists\u0026#039; animal production: A traditional animal husbandry system involving the raising and breeding of livestock, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, in natural pastures. This practice supports rural livelihoods, enhances food security, and facilitates sustainable agri-food systems by enabling herd mobility in response to environmental conditions, optimizing grazing and water use, and maintaining biodiversity. This system is crucial for resilient agricultural practices, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. (FAO, IFAD, FAO-LEAP)","depth":"1","weight":"13"},{"counter":"576","id":"906","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"plant health","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"plant health: The condition of plants in agricultural systems free from threats such as pests, diseases, and environmental stresses, ensuring optimal growth, yield, and quality. Maintaining plant health involves integrated pest management, use of resistant varieties, and sustainable agricultural practices. This is crucial for food security, farmer livelihoods, and ecosystem health within agri-food systems. (Sources: FAO, IPPC, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"9"},{"counter":"577","id":"982","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"policy simulation to assess potential impacts of agricultural policies","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"policy simulation to assess potential impacts of agricultural policies: A method used to predict and analyze the effects of proposed agricultural policies on various aspects of agri-food systems, focusing on economic, social, and environmental outcomes. It involves using models and data to provide insights into how such policies could influence farmer livelihoods, food security, and sustainable development, helping stakeholders make informed decisions. (Sources: FAO, IFPRI, CGIAR, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"95"},{"counter":"578","id":"1189","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"precision seeding and fertilization for better NR management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"precision seeding and fertilization for better NR management: The application of precise seeding and fertilization techniques enhances natural resource (NR) management by optimizing input use, reducing waste, and improving crop yields. This approach leverages advanced technologies to accurately deliver seeds and nutrients, helping farmers increase efficiency, sustainability, and profitability while minimizing environmental impact. It centers on aligning agricultural practices with ecological balance and resource conservation strategies. (FAO, WFP, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"25"},{"counter":"579","id":"908","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"precision seeding and fertilization for better production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"precision seeding and fertilization for better production: Precision seeding and fertilization involve using advanced technologies and data analysis to optimize the placement and timing of seeds and nutrients, enhancing crop yields, reducing resource waste, and improving sustainability in farming. This method aligns agricultural practices with environmental stewardship and economic efficiency by addressing specific field conditions, promoting efficient resource use, and minimizing negative environmental impacts. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CIMMYT, CGIAR, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"11"},{"counter":"580","id":"897","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Production","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Production: In the context of agri-food systems, production refers to the processes and activities that contribute to the cultivation and harvesting of food crops and livestock, ensuring sustainable resource management to meet farmers\u0026#039; needs while maximizing the yield and quality of agricultural products. It encompasses diverse techniques aimed at enhancing productivity through efficient use of inputs like seeds, water, and technology, and aligns with sustainable agricultural practices. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"0","weight":"0"},{"counter":"581","id":"937","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"production of alternative protein sources (e.g. insect farming, meat substitutes)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Production of alternative protein sources (e.g. insect farming, meat substitutes): In agri-food systems, this refers to sustainable methods of producing protein-rich foods through innovative sources like insects and plant-based substitutes. This approach aims to support farmers by diversifying income streams, enhancing food security, and reducing the environmental impact associated with conventional livestock farming. It encourages scalable, efficient, and resource-friendly agricultural practices for future food demands. (Sources: FAO, UNEP, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"55"},{"counter":"582","id":"935","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"production of food in limited spaces (e.g. vertical farming)","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"production of food in limited spaces (e.g. vertical farming): Innovative agricultural practices that maximize crop yield in confined areas by utilizing vertical stacking and other space-efficient techniques. These methods ensure optimal use of resources like water, light, and nutrients, and help increase local food production, reduce transportation needs, and minimize environmental impacts. This approach supports sustainable food systems, enhancing food security and resilience for urban farmers. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"53"},{"counter":"583","id":"991","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"promoting ethical practices and community wellbeing","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Promoting ethical practices and community wellbeing: involves ensuring fair labor conditions, sustainable resource use, equitable access to food, and support for smallholder farmers. It emphasizes transparency, biodiversity conservation, humane treatment of animals, and maintaining ecological balance while enhancing rural livelihoods and resilience to socio-economic and environmental challenges. This approach requires collaboration among stakeholders to foster the health, rights, and prosperity of farmers and their communities. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, NGOs)","depth":"1","weight":"104"},{"counter":"584","id":"960","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"protection against risks","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"protection against risks: In agri-food systems, protection against risks entails implementing strategies, practices, and policies to safeguard farmers against threats such as climate variability, pest invasions, market fluctuations, and economic instability. It includes adopting resilient agricultural practices, diversifying crops, utilizing insurance schemes, and ensuring access to financial resources and accurate information to mitigate negative impacts and sustain livelihoods. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"41"},{"counter":"585","id":"985","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"provision of insights for policy making","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Provision of insights for policy making: The process of gathering, analyzing, and providing relevant data and evidence-based recommendations to guide policymakers in designing effective policies that address the challenges and needs of farmers within agri-food systems, enhancing sustainability, productivity, and resilience while ensuring economic viability and food security. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, GFAR)","depth":"1","weight":"98"},{"counter":"586","id":"959","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"raising capital","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"raising capital: Raising capital in agri-food systems involves securing financial resources to invest in agricultural activities, infrastructure, and technologies to enhance productivity, sustainability, and market access. This can include loans, grants, equity investments, or public-private partnerships designed to meet the specific needs of farmers, enabling them to improve crop yields, access markets, and adopt innovative practices while managing risk. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"40"},{"counter":"587","id":"952","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"rapid testing to ensure product safety","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"rapid testing to ensure product safety: Rapid testing in agri-food systems involves quick and efficient methods to detect contaminants, pathogens, and quality defects in agricultural products. It serves the needs of farmers by ensuring food safety, reducing risks, enhancing market access, and improving consumer trust. These tests often use advanced technologies like biosensors and are integral in implementing effective safety management systems and compliance with regulatory standards. (FAO, WHO, USDA, EFSA, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"71"},{"counter":"588","id":"911","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"record-keeping and accounting","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"record-keeping and accounting: In agri-food systems, record-keeping and accounting involve systematically documenting and analyzing financial transactions, production activities, and resource utilization. This enables farmers to track expenses, income, crop yields, and inputs, supporting decision-making, farm management, and sustainability practices. Accurate records help improve efficiency, access financial services, and comply with regulations. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR, GRAIN)","depth":"1","weight":"18"},{"counter":"589","id":"925","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"reduction of energy consumption and environmental impact","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Reduction of energy consumption and environmental impact: In agri-food systems, this involves optimizing resource efficiency, adopting sustainable practices, and minimizing waste to conserve energy and reduce ecological footprints. Farmers can achieve this by utilizing renewable energy, employing precision agriculture, and implementing eco-friendly technologies, thereby enhancing sustainability while meeting food production demands. (Sources: FAO, IPCC, WWF)","depth":"1","weight":"33"},{"counter":"590","id":"964","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"remote financial transactions and savings","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"remote financial transactions and savings: The use of digital platforms to enable farmers in agri-food systems to perform banking activities, such as transferring funds and saving money, without needing a physical bank presence. This increases access to financial services, particularly for those in remote or underserved areas, enhancing their capacity to manage resources, invest in farming activities, and improve food security. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CTA)","depth":"1","weight":"45"},{"counter":"591","id":"2084","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"school feeding programs","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"School feeding programs are school-based programmes that strengthen the link between nutrition, education and food systems and serve as one of the largest and most widespread social safety nets in the world. These programs can contribute to the achievement of several Sustainable Development Goals by providing nutritious meals to schoolchildren while generating broader impacts on health, education, local economies, and food systems.\u003Cbr \/\u003E\r\n[Main source: FAO School Food and Nutrition Framework (https:\/\/www.fao.org\/3\/ca4091en\/ca4091en.pdf)]","depth":"1","weight":"72"},{"counter":"592","id":"981","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"SDG monitoring to track progress","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"SDG monitoring to track progress: It refers to the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assess progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within agri-food systems. This involves evaluating impacts on farmers\u0026#039; productivity, livelihoods, and sustainability, to ensure that interventions align with global targets for poverty reduction, food security, responsible consumption, and sustainable agriculture practices. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, NGO publications)","depth":"1","weight":"94"},{"counter":"593","id":"977","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"shared economy support to share equipment and reduce individual costs","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Shared economy support to share equipment and reduce individual costs: A collaborative approach in agri-food systems where farmers pool resources and share agricultural equipment to diminish expenses, enhance resource efficiency, and foster sustainable practices. This model promotes cooperation among farmers, reduces financial burdens, and maximizes the use of machinery, facilitating increased productivity and access to otherwise unaffordable technologies. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"89"},{"counter":"594","id":"953","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"smart packaging to extend shelf life and reduce waste","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"smart packaging to extend shelf life and reduce waste: Innovative packaging solutions that utilize materials and technologies to monitor and maintain optimal conditions, such as humidity and temperature, prolonging the freshness of agricultural products. This reduces spoilage and waste, benefiting farmers by increasing market opportunities and reducing losses. It includes features like time-temperature indicators and antimicrobial agents, aligning with sustainable agricultural practices. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"73"},{"counter":"595","id":"922","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"soil carbon sequestration monitoring","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Soil carbon sequestration monitoring: The process of measuring, reporting, and verifying changes in soil carbon levels due to agricultural practices. This is crucial for farmers to assess soil health, improve productivity, and contribute to climate change mitigation by capturing and storing atmospheric CO2 in soil. Monitoring helps in the evaluation of sustainable farming practices and enhances decision-making for agricultural management. (Sources: FAO, IPCC, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"30"},{"counter":"596","id":"939","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"Supply chain management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"Supply chain management: The process of overseeing and optimizing the flow of agricultural products from farm to consumer, focusing on enhancing efficiency, reducing waste, and ensuring quality. This includes managing resources, logistics, technology, and information to support farmers in improving productivity, sustainability, and market access while addressing environmental and socio-economic challenges in the agri-food sector. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"0","weight":"57"},{"counter":"597","id":"1156","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support for Anticipatory Cash Transfers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support for Anticipatory Cash Transfers: Financial assistance provided to farmers before predicted adverse events, such as droughts or floods, to mitigate potential losses. This proactive support helps farmers maintain resilience, ensuring continuity in agri-food supply chains by enabling them to invest in adaptive measures, protect livelihoods, and reduce vulnerability to external shocks. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"37"},{"counter":"598","id":"987","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to certification schemes","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to certification schemes: Assistance provided to farmers in adopting certification processes that validate sustainable and ethical production standards, enhance market access, promote best practices, and increase consumer trust. This involves training, funding, technical aid, and infrastructure support, tailored to meet certification requirements, ultimately benefiting farmers through improved economic opportunities and environmental stewardship. (Sources: FAO, IFOAM, WWF, CGIAR, IFAD)","depth":"1","weight":"100"},{"counter":"599","id":"976","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to collective selling to access larger markets","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to collective selling to access larger markets: Facilitating farmers\u0026#039; collaboration in pooling their produce to enhance bargaining power, reduce transaction costs, and improve access to larger, more lucrative markets. This approach helps achieve better pricing, quality standards, and enables smallholders to compete effectively by overcoming individual limitations, benefiting from economies of scale, and accessing market information and infrastructure. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"88"},{"counter":"600","id":"944","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to consumption and nutrition","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to consumption and nutrition: Assistance aimed at improving food intake and nutritional quality for individuals, particularly farmers, by enhancing the production, accessibility, and diversity of food. This includes programs to foster sustainable farming practices, promote dietary diversification, and ensure food security, considering local needs and contexts to improve overall health and well-being. (Sources: FAO, WFP, IFAD, WHO)","depth":"1","weight":"62"},{"counter":"601","id":"945","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to distribution","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to distribution: Support to distribution in agri-food systems involves assistance to ensure the efficient and equitable movement of food from producers to consumers. This includes improving infrastructure, logistics, market access, policy development, capacity building, provision of financial resources, and technological innovation to minimize post-harvest losses and enhance market linkages for farmers, thereby improving their livelihoods and food security. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"63"},{"counter":"602","id":"943","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to food processing","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to food processing: Assistance provided to enhance the efficiency, capacity, and sustainability of food processing within agri-food systems, benefiting farmers by improving value addition, market access, and reducing post-harvest losses. This support includes technical training, infrastructure development, and access to finance and technology, aiming to strengthen rural economies and ensure food security. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"61"},{"counter":"603","id":"978","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to group purchasing to negotiate better prices on inputs","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to group purchasing to negotiate better prices on inputs: A strategy where farmers collectively buy agricultural inputs, such as seeds, fertilizers, and equipment, to leverage their combined purchasing power. This approach enhances bargaining strength, reduces costs, and increases access to quality inputs, aiding economic sustainability of smallholder farmers. It facilitates market access, fosters cooperation, and supports rural development, enhancing food security and resilience in agri-food systems. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, OXFAM)","depth":"1","weight":"90"},{"counter":"604","id":"986","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to incentives schemes","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to incentives schemes: Assistance provided to agri-food systems encouraging farmers to adopt sustainable practices, enhance productivity, and ensure environmental protection. This support can include financial aid, technical guidance, policy frameworks, and market access to align farmer goals with broader food security and sustainability objectives. Incentives aim to mitigate risks and promote innovation for improved agricultural outcomes. (FAO, IFAD, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"99"},{"counter":"605","id":"942","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to post-harvest handling and aggregation","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to post-harvest handling and aggregation: Assistance provided to enhance the processes of cleaning, sorting, storing, and transporting agricultural produce after harvesting to preserve quality, reduce losses, and consolidate outputs for market readiness. This support addresses infrastructural, technological, and logistical needs to bolster farmers\u0026#039; capabilities, enhancing their access to markets and profitability. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"60"},{"counter":"606","id":"988","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to social responsibility schemes, including codes of conduct","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to social responsibility schemes, including codes of conduct: In agri-food systems, this refers to initiatives and frameworks that promote ethical, transparent, and sustainable practices, enhancing farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods and community welfare. These schemes guide businesses and stakeholders in adhering to social and environmental standards, ensuring fair labor practices, equitable remuneration, and sustainable resource management throughout the supply chain. Codes of conduct set specific guidelines to uphold these commitments. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, IFOAM, Oxfam)","depth":"1","weight":"101"},{"counter":"607","id":"962","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to subsidies\u0026#039; compliance and management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to subsidies\u0026#039; compliance and management: In the context of agri-food systems, this refers to providing guidance and tools to help farmers understand, meet, and manage regulatory requirements for subsidies. It ensures that financial aid is used appropriately, improving agricultural productivity and sustainability. This includes training on application processes, financial management, and compliance checks to prevent misuse or errors, ultimately supporting farmers\u2019 economic stability and food security. (FAO, IFAD, WFP, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"43"},{"counter":"608","id":"989","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"support to traceability","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"support to traceability: Support to traceability in agri-food systems involves tools, technologies, and policies that enable transparent tracking of the origin, movement, and processing of food products. It helps farmers ensure product quality, safety, and sustainability, enhancing market access and consumer trust while complying with regulatory requirements. This support includes training, infrastructure, and digital solutions tailored to farmers\u0026#039; needs. (FAO, IFPRI, ISO, WHO)","depth":"1","weight":"102"},{"counter":"609","id":"970","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"supporting \/ implementing innovative business models","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"supporting \/ implementing innovative business models: In agri-food systems, this involves creating and deploying new strategies to enhance productivity, sustainability, and profitability for farmers. Such models aim to improve market access, optimize resource use, enhance resilience to climate change, and promote equitable income distribution. They often integrate technology, capacity-building, and collaborative networks to meet farmers\u0026#039; evolving needs and ensure food security. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP, NGOs)","depth":"1","weight":"81"},{"counter":"610","id":"972","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"supporting data value chain business models","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"supporting data value chain business models: Enhancing agricultural effectiveness by integrating data-driven strategies in production, processing, and marketing, ensuring farmers benefit through increased efficiency, sustainability, and profitability. This involves aligning data tools and technologies to support farming decisions, improve resource management, and optimize supply chains, focusing on farmers\u0026#039; needs for accessibility, skills, and integration into broader agri-food systems for better market resilience and food security. (FAO, IFAD, CGIAR, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"83"},{"counter":"611","id":"1155","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"taxation management","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"taxation management: Taxation management in agri-food systems involves organizing and optimizing tax obligations and benefits for farmers to improve compliance and financial sustainability. This includes understanding tax laws, accessing relevant agricultural tax incentives, ensuring transparent transactions, and integrating tax planning with farm management strategies to enhance income security and promote sustainable agricultural practices. Effective taxation management supports farmers\u0026#039; economic resilience and sustainability goals. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, OECD)","depth":"1","weight":"17"},{"counter":"612","id":"946","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"traceability to ensure food safety and supply chain transparency","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"traceability to ensure food safety and supply chain transparency: It is the capability to track the movement of food products through various stages of production, processing, and distribution. This ensures that food is safe to eat and allows stakeholders, including farmers, to identify sources of contamination and facilitate rapid responses to food safety issues, thereby enhancing transparency and accountability within the food supply chain. (FAO, WHO, IFPRI, WFP)","depth":"1","weight":"64"},{"counter":"613","id":"940","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"trading between input suppliers and farmers","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"trading between input suppliers and farmers: The exchange of agricultural inputs, such as seeds, fertilizers, and equipment, between suppliers and farmers to enhance farm productivity and sustainability. This trade is crucial in ensuring farmers access necessary resources to improve food security, yields, and livelihoods while fostering competitive and resilient agri-food systems. It involves trust, knowledge transfer, and support services tailored to farmers\u0026#039; specific needs. (Sources: FAO, IFAD, CGIAR)","depth":"1","weight":"58"},{"counter":"614","id":"954","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"verification of product authenticity","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"verification of product authenticity: It refers to the process of ensuring that agricultural and food products are genuine, origin-specific, and meet set standards and certifications claimed by producers, thereby protecting farmers\u0026#039; livelihoods and consumer trust. This involves traceability systems, quality assurance mechanisms, and adherence to legal and ethical guidelines in production and labeling. (FAO, IFAD, WHO)","depth":"1","weight":"74"},{"counter":"615","id":"920","vocabulary":"AFS innovation use cases","name":"water use optimization for sustainability","value":"","description":"","description_ai":"water use optimization for sustainability: The strategic management and efficient allocation of water resources in agri-food systems aiming to enhance productivity and food security while minimizing environmental impact and ensuring equitable access. This involves adopting technologies and practices that promote water conservation and reduce waste, catering to the needs of farmers for long-term sustainability and climate resilience. (Sources: FAO, CGIAR, IFAD, IWMI)","depth":"1","weight":"28"}]